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GNSS Implementation in Cellular Modules - U-Blox

1. Eill SDA SCL2 4 Eu sc G TxD1 NSS data ready IEEE GPi03 EXTINTO GNSS RTC sharing EN GPio4 Figure 2 Application circuit for LEON G100 06x LEON G200 06S cellular modules and subsequent versions and u blox 3 0 V GNSS receivers Reference Description Part Number Manufacturer R1 R2 4 7 KQ Resistor 0402 5 0 1 W RC0402JR 074K7L Yageo Phycomp R3 47 KQ Resistor 0402 596 0 1 W RC0402JR 0747KL Yageo Phycomp U1 Voltage Regulator for GNSS receiver See GNSS receiver Hardware Integration Manual Table 5 Components for LEON G100 06x LEON G200 06S cellular modules and subsequent versions and u blox 3 0 V GNSS receivers application circuit UBX 13001849 R15 Early Production Information Hardware architecture Page 12 of 68 Qo Ox Positioning Implementation Application Note 2 4 Hardware architecture with LISA U series E Provide external pull up resistors e g 4 7 kQ on SDA and SCL lines and connect them to the V INT 1 8 V supply source or another proper supply source enabled after V_INT e g as the 1 8 V GNSS supply rail present in the application circuits of Figure 3 Figure 4 or Figure 5 controlled by the cellular module For detailed electrical characteristics see LISA U1 series Data Sheet 8 or LISA U2 series Data Sheet 15 Figure 3 shows an application circuit connectin
2. 68 UBX 13001849 R15 Early Production Information Contents Page 5 of 68 Qo Ox Positioning Implementation Application Note 1 Introduction 1 1 Scope This document describes how to use the GNSS interface and control functionalities and aiding clients in u blox cellular modules In this document GPS GNSS and GPS GNSS refer generally to any GNSS Global Navigation Satellite System not to a specific one such as GPS or GLONASS The following sections describe Hardware and software architecture implemented in the cellular module for connecting u blox positioning chips and modules to u blox cellular modules Implementation of aiding clients Aiding clients are software tools in the cellular modules providing improvement of GNSS performance Hybrid positioning and CellLocate features These features provide location information when the GNSS signal is weak or absent e The GNSS interface is not supported by LISA U200 00S version or by LISA C200 x2S and previous versions 1 2 AT commands Table 1 lists the AT commands described in this document AT command Description UGPS GNSS power management configuration UGIND Assisted GNSS unsolicited indication UGPRF GNSS Profile configuration UGAOP AssistNow Online configuration UGAOF AssistNow Offline configuration UGSRV Aiding server configuration UGAOS GNSS aiding request command ULOC Ask for localization information ULOCGNSS Configure G
3. Figure 7 Application circuit for LISA C200 modules and u blox 3 0 V GNSS receivers Reference Description Part Number Manufacturer R1 R2 RA R5 R7 4 7 kO Resistor 0402 596 0 1 W RC0402JR 074K7L Yageo Phycomp R3 47 KQ Resistor 0402 5 0 1 W RC0402JR 0747KL Yageo Phycomp R6 200 kQ Resistor 0402 5 0 1 W RC0402JR 07200KL Yageo Phycomp C2 C3 C4 C5 100 nF Capacitor Ceramic X5R 0402 1096 10V GRM155R71C104KA01 Murata U1 C1 Voltage regulator for GNSS receiver and related See GNSS receiver Hardware Integration Manual output bypass capacitor U2 I2C bus Bidirectional Voltage Translator TCA9406DCUR Texas Instruments U3 Generic Bidirectional Voltage Translator SN74AVC2T245 Texas Instruments Table 10 Components for LISA C200 cellular modules and u blox 3 0 V GNSS receivers application circuit UBX 13001849 R15 Early Production Information Hardware architecture Page 17 of 68 Qo Ox Positioning Implementation Application Note 2 6 Hardware architecture with SARA G340 SARA G350 series E Provide external pull up resistors e g 4 7 kQ on SDA and SCL lines and connect them to the V INT 1 8 V supply source or another proper supply source enabled after V_INT e g as the 1 8 V or 3 0 V GNSS supply rail present in the application circuits of Figure 8 Figure 9 or Figure 10 controlled by the cellular module For detailed electrical characteristics see the SARA G3 series Data Sheet 17 Figure 8 illustrates an app
4. e Hybrid Location and CellLocate features are not available with LEON Gx00 05S and previous versions and LISA C200 Although GNSS is a widespread technology the reliance on the visibility of extremely weak GNSS satellite signals means positioning is not always possible particularly in shielded environments such as indoors and enclosed park houses or when a GNSS jamming signal is present This situation can be improved by augmenting GNSS receiver data with mobile network cell information to provide a level of redundancy that can benefit numerous applications Hybrid location provides a set of features allowing the user to query the device position using a single AT command AT ULOC which triggers the position calculation based on the GNSS receiver and or the position estimated from the visible cells CellLocate The MGA server accessed for the position estimation is configured by AT UGSRV command for multi GNSS receiver Hybrid positioning is designed to provide a single position estimate or multiple position estimates Hybrid positioning may be configured to provide a single position estimate on request using the best of all the available information Example applications might be 1 Logistics operations by managers wishing to determine where assets are even though they may temporarily be inside in a depot In this application hybrid positioning is activated on request and if the device does happen to be inside a building the accu
5. Figure 20 Typical interaction between the cellular module and multi GNSS receiver with AssistNow Autonomous support UBX 13001849 R15 Early Production Information Aiding features Page 41 of 68 Qo ox Positioning Implementation Application Note The UUGIND URC is reported for each error result Command AT UGRMC 1 AT UGIND 1 AT UGPS 1 8 67 AT UGRMC AT UGPS 0 Table 24 AssistN Response Description OK Activate storing of the last value of RMC NMEA string OK Activate the unsolicited aiding result OK Start up GNSS receiver with GPS SBAS GLONASS systems and Autonomous aiding it downloads data to GNSS receiver if available in the FS otherwise it enables he AssistNow Autonomous in the GNSS receiver UUGIND 0 67 URC reporting GNSS system activated UUGIND 1 0 URC reporting GNSS mode Local Aiding 1 and No error 0 Data have been passed to the GNSS UUGIND 8 0 URC reporting GNSS mode AssistNow Autonomous 8 and No error O AssistNow Autonomous has been activated UGRMC 1 GNRMC 135612 00 A Read the last stored value of the NMEA RMC string 4542 84609 N 01344 46417 E 0 004 290514 A 65 O Stop the GNSS Module automatically creates a file hidden to the user ubx_aid_aop dat UUGIND 8 0 URC reporting GNSS mode AssistNow Autonomous 8 and No error 0 AssistNow Autonomous has been deactivated UUGIND 1 0 URC reporting GNSS mo
6. This also influences the time needed to complete the scan so the timeout value should be set accordingly Be aware that the cell information is sent to the server only when the scan is completed so setting a small value for the timeout means that the scan information will not be used o normal is similar to sending AT CGED 0 so it lasts about 1 or 2 s o deep is similar to sending AT COPS 5 The duration is related to the number of visible cells it could last about 1 minute average value The behavior of the hybrid positioning feature is determined by the configuration of the sensors and of the setting of the accuracy and timeout parameters o to get the best possible position fix set the desired accuracy very small e g 1 m and the timeout period duration long o to get a position estimate with the minimum energy consumption for maximum battery life set a large desired accuracy figure e g 1 km UBX 13001849 R15 Early Production Information GNSS impact on module current consumption Page 62 of 68 Qo Ox Positioning Implementation Application Note F Best practices for a data collection unit The following is a list of the best practices for implementing a data collection unit Set the type of network scan to deep Set the RAT type to use all technologies this step does not apply to 2G modules Set the minimum number of satellites for navigation minSV in ULOCGNSS to 4 If an aiding mode is needed u
7. sssssssss eee eene 11 2 3 1 Application circuit for LEON Gx00 05S and LEON Gx00 048 versions sssssssne 11 2 3 2 Application circuit for LEON Gx00 06x and subsequent versions sss 12 2 4 Hardware architecture with LISA U series sssssssssssssseemee nemen enne 13 2 5 Hardware architecture with LISA C200 series ssssssssssssse ee eee 16 2 6 Hardware architecture with SARA G340 SARA G350 series sssssssssssssssse eene 18 2 7 Hardware architecture with SARA U2 series sssssssssssssssseeeeeeeeeneeee nennen nnns 21 2 8 Jamming and EMC considerations sssssssssssese ene eene ene enne nns 24 3 Software architecture once ce ce css es tna s encaqoscicun sent esta qusdusce dass tsta taces enc dones 25 3 1 Multi GNSS receivers support ssssssssssse eene eene nnne enne nen deren rennen nnns 25 3 2 GNSS data ready PUNCUOM keiini naasia annaia aaa ne ener eene nnne nennen nn 25 3 3 Reading NMEA strings sssssssssssssseseee ene ene menn enennree nennen rennen en nn nene n nennen enne enn nnns 26 3 4 Sending UBX strings via AT commands sssssssssssseseeee eene nennen enne nns 27 LEES DIDGRI h c 28 4 1 Using GNSS witho t aldirig SUppOLL rte mente tad tei ted ber Pen aged rud ond abe den ide 29 4 2 Using GNSS with Local Aiding support ssssssssssssseee ener enne ener 31 4 2 1
8. New FW u blox M8 MGA Table 33 Compatibility migration table UBX 13001849 R15 Remarks Ok It cannot use MGA server and aiding mode and the features coming with new AT command i e UGPS 1 will power on the GNSS module with the default configuration in the GNSS module Refer to GNSS documentation to compatibility Deprecated OK but MGA server cannot be used It can use the new MGA server use of old server is deprecated It can take advantage of all new features Early Production Information GNSS impact on module current consumption Page 60 of 68 Q biox Positioning Implementation Application Note D Summary of interface changes and new features u blox M8 Features GNSS Power Management UGPS A GNSS unsolicited indication UUGIND GNSS profile configuration AssistNow Online configuration UGAOP AssistNow Offline configuration UGAOF GNSS aiding request command UGAOS Sending of UBX string UGUBX UGZDA UGGGA UGGLL UGGSV UGRMC UGVTG UGGSA Ask for localization information ULOC Configure GNSS sensor ULOCGNSS Configure cellular location sensor CellLocate ULOCCELL Aiding server configuration UGSRV Authentication Token AssistNow Autonomous Table 34 u blox M8 interface changes and new features UBX 13001849 R15 Early Production Information Changes Added a third optional parameter Added new error indications No changes Used only for legacy Used only for legacy o ch
9. or u blox CDMA AT Commands Manual 20 The application should enable GNSS related URCs Once the application has activated GNSS related URCs and started the GNSS with the required GNSS system and aiding mode URCs should be monitored to verify successful completion An example of AT command sequence is shown below Command Response Description AT UGRMC 1 O Activate storing of the last value of RMC NMEA string AT UGIND 1 O Activate the unsolicited aiding result AT UGPS 1 1 67 O Start the GNSS with GPS SBAS GLONASS systems and local aiding UUGIND 0 67 URC reporting GNSS system activated UUGIND 1 0 URC reporting GNSS mode Local Aiding 1 and No error 0 AT UGRMC UGRMC 1 GNRMC V Read the last stored value of the NMEA RMC string N 53 O AT UGPS 0 O Stop the GNSS Table 18 GNSS aiding modes AT command sequence 4 1 Using GNSS without aiding support Typically the cellular module activates the GNSS receiver without any aiding mode This is equivalent to switching on the positioning chip module as a stand alone sending commands and receiving data using the AT commands port of the cellular module The GNSS system parameter can be optionally issued to select a specific GNSS system otherwise GPS SBAS system is by default selected Table 19 shows a command sequence The result code to the AT UGPS 1 x GNSS_system command is OK if the GNSS receiver responds within 5 s otherwise an error result cod
10. see the u blox AT commands manual 1 or u blox CDMA AT Commands Manual 20 UGZDA UGGGA UGGLL UGGSV UGRMC UGVTG UGGSA commands Command Response Description AT UGRMC 1 O Activate storing of the last value of RMC NMEA string AT UGZDA 1 O Activate storing of the last value of ZDA NMEA string AT UGIND 1 O Activate the unsolicited aiding result AT UGPS 1 1 67 O Start the GNSS with GPS SBAS GLONASS systems and local aiding UUGIND 0 67 URC reporting GNSS system activated UUGIND 1 0 URC reporting GPS mode Local Aiding 1 and No error 0 AT UGRMC UGRMC 1 GNRMC 141247 00 A Read the last stored value of the NMEA RMC string 4542 84560 N 01344 46384 E 0 Talker ID is GN because of the combination of multiple 007 280514 D 64 GNSS O AT UGZDA UGZDA 1 GNZDA Read the last stored value of the NMEA ZDA string O AT UGPS 0 O Stop the GNSS UUGIND 1 0 URC reporting GPS mode Local Aiding 1 and No error 0 UBX 13001849 R15 Early Production Information Software architecture Page 26 of 68 Qo ox Positioning Implementation Application Note Command Response Description AT UGRMC UGRMC 1 GNRMC 141247 00 A Read the last string of the NMEA RMC string 4542 84560 N 01344 46384 E 0 007 280514 D 64 OK Ce The GNSS is switched off this string is the last one saved while the GNSS was active AT UGGGA UGZDA 0 NULL If storing of the last value of
11. Early Production Information Hardware architecture Page 19 of 68 Qo Ox Positioning Implementation Application Note Figure 10 illustrates the application circuit for the SARA G340 SARA G350 connection to a u blox 3 0 V GNSS receiver The SDA and SCL pins of SARA G340 SARA G350 are directly connected to the corresponding pins of the u blox 3 0 V GNSS receiver with the appropriate pull up resistors on the 3 0 V voltage rail An l C bus voltage translator is not needed because the DDC l C pins of the SARA G340 SARA G350 modules are capable up to 3 3 V The GPIO2 is connected to the active high enable pin of the external voltage regulator that supplies the u blox 3 0 V GNSS receiver to enable or disable the 3 0 V GNSS supply As the GPIO3 and GPIO4 pins of SARA G340 SARA G350 modules are not compatible with 3 0 V logic levels the connection to the related pins of the u blox 3 0 V GNSS receiver must be provided using a proper Unidirectional Voltage Translator e g Tl SN74AVC2T245 which additionally provides the partial power down feature so that the 3 0 V GNSS supply can be also ramped up before the V_INT 1 8 V cellular supply The V_BCKP supply output of the cellular module is directly connected to the V_BCKP backup supply input of the u blox 3 0 V GNSS receiver as in the application circuit for a u blox 1 8 V GNSS receiver u blox GNSS SARA G340 3 0 V receiver SARA G350 V BCKP 4 ry BckP
12. GNSS carrier that is picked up at the input of the GNSS receiver and that can saturate the receiver front end producing a reduction in the GNSS sensitivity The signals transmitted by cellular modules GSM GPRS UMTS CDMA or LTE can be considered as sources of strong out band power levels and if not properly taken into consideration may lead to a degradation of the GNSS receiver performances Jamming and in particular out band jamming is specifically important with cellular modules operating in UMTS CDMA or LTE since in these cases signals are continuously transmitted by the modules and these may ease the saturation process of the GNSS front end Differently GSM and GPRS are TDMA technologies signals are transmitted in bursts and GNSS receiver can recover during the not transmitting unused bursts To solve the out band jamming issue the application board integrating the cellular module and the GNSS receiver should integrate a SAW filter or a ceramic band pass filter in front of the GNSS receiver and maintain a good grounding concept in the layout design Depending on the u blox GNSS chip module platform and variant a SAW filter and or an LNA can be built into the chip module GNSS receivers integrating an internal SAW filter or an LNA are less prone to the off band jamming issue er See the Data Sheet of the intended u blox GNSS chip receiver for a complete description of the built in components and receiver performance For
13. GNSS receiver of the u blox 7 or later platform with TCXO The power saving configuration can be enabled to use V INT output to properly supply any 1 8 V GNSS receiver of the u blox 7 or later platform without TCXO Additional filtering may be needed to properly supply an external LNA depending on the characteristics of the used LNA adding a series ferrite bead and a bypass capacitor e g the Murata BLM15HD182SN1 ferrite bead and the Murata GRM1555C1H220J 22 pF capacitor at the input of the external LNA supply line u blox GNSS SARA U2 1 8 V receiver V_BCKP V BCKP 1V8 BE n TP VCC t1 34 o0 RE v INT Ta R5 R4 1v8 1v8 X 54 GNSS supply enabled WEB GPi02 SDA2 SCL2 TxD1 GNSS data ready ES GPIO3 GNSS RTC sharin EXTINTO Figure 12 Application circuit for SARA U2 modules and u blox 1 8 V GNSS receivers using V INT as supply source Reference Description Part Number Manufacturer R1 R2 4 7 kQ Resistor 0402 5 0 1 W RC0402JR 074K7L Yageo Phycomp R3 47 kQ Resistor 0402 5 0 1 W RC0402JR 0747KL Yageo Phycomp R4 10 kQ Resistor 0402 5 0 1 W RC0402JR 0710KL Yageo Phycomp R5 100 kQ Resistor 0402 5 0 1 W RC0402JR 07100KL Yageo Phycomp T1 P Channel MOSFET Low On Resistance IRLML6401 International Rectifier or NTZS3151P ON Semi T2 NPN BJT Transistor BC847 Infineon C1 100 nF Capacitor Ceramic X7R 0402 1096 16 V GRM155R71C104KA01 Murata Table 15 Components for SA
14. and Table 2 AssistNow data confirm format Added 4 3 2 1 Modified 5 3 Replaced BB chip with LEON Removed 2 1 Details on GPS connections in the EVA KIT Removed Table 1 AssistNow data request format and Table 2 AssistNow data confirm format Abstract updated Chapter 4 2 WAS In case no information of the previous position is available a central position of the network should be BECOME In case no information of the previous position is available a central position of the network is used Updated the subtitle to GPS Implementation and Aiding Features in u blox cellular modules Added the reference to 3 5G HSDPA AT Commands Manual Chapter 1 1 added the applicability of the document to the products Added 3 4 Modified 3 added some details about handling with different firmware Added GPS start diagrams Added note on multiple UUGIND in 4 2 Modified 4 3 1 case of multiple almanac plus file Add description about UUGIND in 4 3 2 Modified Figure 18 Chapter 4 2 Updated maximum cell coverage radius WAS 30 km BECOME 35 km 7 LISA U1 LISA H1 series and LEON G100 06x LEON G200 06x supported Added description for AssistNowAutonomous GPS Tx Data Ready GPS RTC sharing CellLocate and Hybrid Positioning Removed LISA H1 series Extended to include functionalities description LISA U1 series GPS Data Ready GPS RTC sharing and AssistNow Autonomous supported by LISA U1 series except for LISA U1x0 00 versions Corrected the example
15. by the AT UGPS command even if power saving is enabled by the AT UPSV command LISA U1 series YES YES YES LISA U2 series YES YES YES except LISA U200 005 LISA U200 00S NO NO NO LISA C2 series except LISA C200 x2S and YES YES NO previous versions LISA C200 x2S and previous versions NO NO NO SARA G340 SARA G350 series YES YES YES SARA U2 series YES YES YES Table 3 GPIO functions compatibility matrix For a complete description of the UGPIOC AT command syntax see u blox AT commands manual 1 or u blox CDMA AT Commands Manual 20 2 2 1 GNSS supply enable function The GNSS supply enable function improves the power consumption of the positioning chip module When GNSS functionality is not required the cellular module controlled by the application processor can completely Switch off the GNSS receiver using AT commands The GPIO2 pin is by default configured to provide the GNSS supply enable function parameter gpio mode of AT UGPIOC command set to 3 by default to enable or disable the supply of the u blox GNSS receiver connected to the cellular module by the AT UGPS command The pin is set as Output High to switch on the u blox GNSS receiver if the parameter mode of AT UGPS command is set to 1 Output Low to switch off the u blox GNSS receiver if the parameter mode of AT UGPS command is set to 0 default setting The pin must be connected to the active high enable pin or the active low shutdow
16. further design in guidelines on how to prevent electromagnetic susceptibility issues on u blox GNSS receivers including measures against out band jamming follow all the recommendations reported in the corresponding u blox GNSS receiver Hardware Integration Manual with particular attention to the Electrical Overstress EOS and Electro Magnetic Interference EMI precautions for applications with cellular modules UBX 13001849 R15 Early Production Information Hardware architecture Page 24 of 68 Qo Ox Positioning Implementation Application Note 3 Software architecture The u blox cellular module has full control over the positioning chip module and can power it on and off send and receive commands using proprietary UBX protocol and receive positioning information through NMEA strings A To avoid lC interface lock in case of an external reset of the GNSS receiver during I C communication an automatic recovery mechanism is implemented Nevertheless in case of a lock a power cycle of the cellular module is required to restore normal functionality 3 1 Multi GNSS receivers support u blox multi GNSS receivers are capable of receiving and processing signals from multiple Global Navigation Satellite Systems GNSS These GNSS systems are currently supported GPS Global positioning system operated by USA GLONASS Positioning system operated by Russia QZSS Positioning system operated by Japan BeiDou Positioning system oper
17. mode so that data sent by the GNSS receiver will not be lost by the cellular module even if power saving is enabled Use the AT UGPRF command to enable this function see the u blox AT commands manual 1 or u blox CDMA AT Commands Manual 20 for more details er With u blox 6 GNSS receivers when the GNSS is powered on the GNSS UART1 is disabled and the TxD1 pin is used to handle interrupts when data is available I Table 3 indicates which cellular modules support the function UBX 13001849 R15 Early Production Information Software architecture Page 25 of 68 Qo OX Positioning Implementation Application Note e The support of the GNSS data ready function can vary depending on the u blox GNSS receiver version Table 28 provides an overview of which GNSS receivers support this feature e Polling mode is automatically used when the GNSS receiver does not support this function e If the GNSS data ready function is not working e g line not connected wrong configuration etc the cellular module automatically switches back to polling mode This fall back mechanism is not implemented on LEON G100 LEON G200 series so in this case the cellular module is not able to read data from the GNSS receiver 3 3 Reading NMEA strings u blox cellular modules support reading NMEA strings from the GNSS receiver through the AT command port Before being able to read a specific NMEA string it is necessary to activate the storage of th
18. on the cell s seen by the cellular module the position estimation cannot be derived if the reported cell information is not available in the database ee If the CellLocate server for whatever reason cannot be reached during the ULOC command execution then the position will be calculated only using the GNSS sensor The detailed response allows identification of the sensor that produced the position estimate UBX 13001849 R15 Early Production Information Hybrid positioning and CellLocate Page 48 of 68 Qo Ox Positioning Implementation Application Note The solution returned by CellLocate is very much dependent on how well the database is populated in the specific area of interest If only sparse observations are present the accuracy of the solution and the estimated uncertainty will be quite large Using ULOC AT command in hybrid mode automatically submit new records to the database In this way a device with a GNSS receiver and a cellular module will experience an improvement in the CellLocate performance as time goes by since it contributes to the coverage of the area of interest The arrangement of mobile network cells does not remain static e g new cells are continuously added or existing cells are reconfigured by the network operators For this reason when a Hybrid positioning method has been triggered and the GNSS receiver calculates the position a database self learning mechanism has been implemented so that these po
19. supplies the u blox GNSS receiver on the application board providing the GNSS supply enabled function A pull down resistor is mounted on the GPIO2 line to avoid switching on the GNSS receiver when the cellular module is switched off and its digital pins are tri stated The GPIO3 pin is connected to the data ready output of the u blox GNSS receiver the TxD1 pin of the GNSS receiver on the application board providing the GNSS data ready function The GPIO4 pin is connected to the synchronization timing input of the u blox GNSS receiver the EXTINTO pin of the GNSS receiver on the application board providing the GNSS RTC sharing function The cellular module s V BCKP supply output is connected to the GNSS receiver s V BCKP backup supply input pin to supply its RTC and backup RAM when the VCC supply of the cellular module is within its operating range and the VCC supply of the GNSS receiver is switched off This enables the u blox GNSS receiver to recover from a power outage with either a hot start or a warm start depending on the duration of the GNSS VCC outage and to maintain the configuration settings saved in backup RAM u blox GNSS LEON Gx00 06x 3 0 V receiver and subsequent V BCKP 4t A eV B CKP GNSS LDO Regulator VMAIN vcc a EN OUT IN SHDN qnss supply EM GPIO2 3V0 3V0 C1 SDA2
20. supply output of the cellular module is directly connected to the V BCKP backup supply input of the u blox 3 0 V GNSS receiver as in the application circuit for a u blox 1 8 V GNSS receiver u blox GNSS LISA U series 3 0 V receiver V BCKP 4 ce 3V0 ae VMAIN fakes Regulator vcc St OUT INL GNSS supply enabled SHDN e a GPIO2 GND ul I2C bus Bidirectional Voltage Translator VCCB VCCA OE V_INT SDA2 SCL2 SDAB SDAA EKA SDA SCL B SCLA U2 Functions not supported by LISA U200 00S version Unidirectional 3V0 Voltage Translator 1V8 H VCCA CCB PE i BEZ Tcs DIR1 i TxD1 a1 gi SN data ready VEN GPIO3 i EXTINTO 4 A2 82 GNSS RIC sharing GPIO4 j DIR2 Gyn OF i u l R7 i Figure 5 Application circuit for LISA U series modules and u blox 3 0 V GNSS receivers Reference Description Part Number Manufacturer R1 R2 RA R5 R7 4 7 kO Resistor 0402 5 0 1 W RC0402JR 074K7L Yageo Phycomp R3 47 kQ Resistor 0402 596 0 1 W RC0402JR 0747KL Yageo Phycomp R6 200 kQ Resistor 0402 5 0 1 W RC0402JR 07200KL Yageo Phycomp C2 C3 CA C5 100 nF Capacitor Ceramic X5R 0402 1096 10V GRM155R71C104KA01 Murata U1 C1 Volt
21. the application circuits of Figure 11 Figure 12 or Figure 13 controlled by the cellular module For detailed electrical characteristics see the SARA U2 series Data Sheet 21 Figure 11 illustrates an application circuit for the SARA U2 connection to a u blox 1 8 V GNSS receiver The SDA and SCL pins of the cellular module are directly connected to the corresponding pins of the u blox 1 8 V GNSS receiver with appropriate pull up resistors connected to the 1 8 V GNSS supply rail providing data communication between the cellular module and the GNSS receiver The GPIO2 pin is connected to the active high enable pin or the active low shutdown pin of the voltage regulator that supplies the u blox GNSS receiver on the application board providing the GNSS supply enabled function A pull down resistor is mounted on the GPIO2 line to avoid switching on the GNSS receiver when the cellular module is switched off and its digital pins are tri stated The GPIO3 pin is connected to the data ready output of the u blox GNSS receiver the TxD1 pin of the u blox GNSS receiver on the application board providing the GNSS data ready function The GPIOA pin is connected to the synchronization timing input of the u blox GNSS receiver the EXTINTO pin of the GNSS receiver on the application board providing GNSS RTC sharing function The cellular module s V BCKP supply output is connected to the GNSS receiver s V BCKP backup supply input pin to supply its R
22. the cellular module immediately calculates a position estimate This takes into account the solution from the Autonomous sensor the last known position if available with an accuracy that is degraded according to the elapsed time since then it is assumed a speed equal to 120 km h to degrade the position respect to time information provided by the serving cell such as the country code If the uncertainty of this estimate is already better than the target accuracy then this position is output without starting up the allowed sensors If the uncertainty is poorer than the target one or if no last known position is available the cellular module powers up the allowed sensors and drives the position calculation process to output the position based on the sensors combination which better fulfills the ULOC configuration As explained in the following sections sensors GNSS CellLocate AS are started up and operated as permitted by and in accordance with the predefined sensor configurations The configuration settings may for example enable or disable the use of the CellLocate service Refer to the u blox AT command manual 1 for the complete list of configuration supported by ULOC command UBX 13001849 R15 Early Production Information Hybrid positioning and CellLocate Page 49 of 68 Qo Ox Positioning Implementation Application Note The GNSS receiver uses the sensors to repeatedly attempt to produce and refine a position fi
23. there is no valid almanac file on the FS it will be downloaded from the specified server UUGIND 0 67 URC reporting GNSS system activated UUGIND 2 0 URC reporting GNSS mode AssistNow Offline 2 and No error 0 AT UGPS 0 OK Stop the GNSS Table 22 AssistNow Offline AT command sequence e The AT UGAOS 2 command triggers the Offline aiding data file download when the GNSS receiver is switched on but the new file will be used only when the GNSS receiver is restarted with AT UGPS 1 2 e The longer the validity of the aiding file chosen the larger the aiding file is Furthermore the size of the aiding file increases if both GPS and GLONASS aiding data are requested If the FS is used for other applications it is necessary to verify that there is enough space to store the assistance data If space saving is an issue it is recommended to use the aiding data with the shortest validity UBX 13001849 R15 Early Production Information Aiding features Page 36 of 68 Qo Ox Positioning Implementation Application Note Cellular GNSS MGA module receiver server AT UGPS 1 2 lt GNSS_system gt Poll Answer UBX MON VER HTTP POST HTTP POST response UBX NIGA data today UBX MGA data UUGIND 0 lt GNSS_system gt UUGIND 2 0 Figure 16 Interaction between the cellular module and GNSS receiver with AssistNow Offline support Cg The cellular module does not perform checks on the almanac fil
24. where the OK was missing and aligned the example structure to AT examples commands application note Extended to LISA U2 series modules Extended to SARA G350 series modules Removed LISA U1x0 00S versions Last revision with old doc number GSM G1 CS 09007 Updated GPS data ready applicability on u blox 7 Added note on GPS tunneling on SARA G350 modules Extended to LISA C200 series modules Document applicability extended to SARA G340 and SARA U2 cellular modules Rearranged section 2 Updated recommended l C voltage translator and clarified IC circuits remarks Added jamming and EMC considerations Document applicability extended to Positioning support for multi GNSS receiver Added hybrid positioning best practices Added CellLocate customer proxy server section G Early Production Information Revision history Page 67 of 68 biox Contact For complete contact information visit us at www u blox com u blox Offices North Central and South America u blox America Inc Phone 1 703 483 3180 E mail info_us u blox com Regional Office West Coast Phone 1 408 573 3640 E mail info_us u blox com Technical Support Phone 1 703 483 3185 E mail support_us u blox com UBX 13001849 R15 Headquarters Europe Middle East Africa u blox AG Phone 41 44 722 74 44 E mail info u blox com Support support u blox com Early Production Information Positioning Implementation Application Note Asia Au
25. 16 This is used to detect the line status and to wake up the cellular module from low power idle mode when the u blox GNSS receiver is ready to send data by the DDC l C interface For more details on AT commands description see the u blox AT commands manual 1 Tri state with an internal active pull down enabled the default setting Connect the pin providing the GNSS data ready function to the data ready output of the u blox positioning chip module i e TxD1 on the application board For more details see the section 3 2 2 2 2 GNSS RTC sharing function ee See Table 30 to see which u blox positioning products support the GNSS RTC sharing function The GNSS RTC sharing function provides a synchronization timing signal from the GNSS receiver to the cellular module At the power up of the u blox GNSS receiver the cellular module passes the timing back to GNSS receiver The GPIO4 pin is by default configured to provide the GNSS RTC sharing function parameter lt gpio_mode gt of UGPIOC AT command set to 5 by default to provide an RTC Real Time Clock synchronization signal at the power up of the u blox positioning chip module connected to the cellular module The pin is set as Output to provide a synchronization timing signal to the u blox GNSS receiver for RTC sharing if the parameter mode of AT UGPS command is set to 1 and the parameter GPS IO Configuration of UGPRF AT command is set to 32 for mor
26. 20040101 002 GPS 20040101 001 o Table 27 GNSS data redirection AT command sequence Description Enable GNSS I O configuration on the FS Activate the GPRS connection using the UPSDA command Start up the GNSS receiver with GPS SBAS system and without aiding Force AssistNow Online and wait some minutes Stop the GNSS receiver Check if trace file has been generated Start the multiplexer driver on host and then enable GNSS communication on multiplexer and trace on the FS Start up the GNSS receiver with GPS SBAS system and without aiding the GNSS output is visible on GNSS tunneling channel Force local aiding data download Stop the GNSS receiver Check if trace file has been generated The multiplexer and the USB are input output channels while the FS and network are only output channels 5 1 USB I O The USB 4 is reserved for GNSS tunneling this means that it is possible to directly communicate with the GNSS using the UBX protocol ee The tunneling through USB interface is not available on LEON G LISA C and SARA G3 series e The tunneling through USB interface is mutually exclusive with the multiplexer channel E It is recommended not to send ubx messages to reset the GNSS while it is in use This will cause a misalignment between the configurations of the modem and the GNSS receiver Furthermore it is recommended to not configure the GNSS power saving with the tx data ready active because the GNSS rec
27. 6 1 jer 54 6 6 2 MEO IO ccc mE RUMPIT E 55 7 GNSS impact on module current consumption eese 56 ADDOBUD Scion dE MD Id UEM MEM DM DU d 57 A Compatibility matrix ocoia animes eS eeELENNS e EUER RS ENL E CHPENE NE EINVIAS INE ENVE ES t Lr p Inr ennnen 57 A 1 GNSS data ready compatibility matrix sss e eee eene 57 A 2 GNSS RTC sharing compatibility matrix nee 58 A 3 AssistNow Autonomous compatibility matrix sss eene 58 B Cellular module and GNSS receiver compatibility matrix 59 C Compatibility and migration matrix between external application cellular product and GNSS receiver uat eieie Mta mme M D IDI IM E E nnmnnn M UN UM IM d rM E 60 D Summary of interface changes and new features u blox M8 61 E Best practices for CellLocate ULOC csscssessessssseeseesseeseeseeseeseeesteseesseeseesaneaees 62 F Best practices for a data collection Uniit cccccessecceeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeneeeeeeeeeeeeeeeees 63 G CellLocate customer proxy server seeseeeee eren nennen nnn nnn nnn str nnns nns nnsnnsnes 64 H List of ACFODUTIIS irren rtr etre rrr r E nEE FER ER n nE CEP RENNES CE MINAS EE C FEE NERESEREEN S RUE EUN NEN UEPERFM TEE K PENES 65 PRE ricrefepee m 66 Revision stolae EN MEE MR E M E 67 dcr
28. CELLULAR Positioning Implementation Positioning Implementation and Aiding Features in u blox cellular modules Application Note Abstract This document describes the implementation of the GNSS interface and aiding clients in u blox cellular modules Techniques for Hybrid Positioning and CellLocate are also described www u blox com o Qo OX Positioning Implementation Application Note Document Information Title Positioning Implementation Subtitle a E Document type Application Note Document number UBX 13001849 Revision date R15 14 Sep 2015 Document status Early Production Information Document status explanation Objective Specification Document contains target values Revised and supplementary data will be published later Advance Information Document contains data based on early testing Revised and supplementary data will be published later Early Production Information Document contains data from product verification Revised and supplementary data may be published later Production Information Document contains the final product specification This document applies to the following products Name LEON G1 series LEON G2 series LISA U1 series LISA U2 series LISA C2 series SARA G340 series SARA G350 series SARA U2 series u blox reserves all rights to this document and the information contained herein Products names logos and designs described herein may in whole or in part be subject to intell
29. Docu No GPS G7 SW 12001 u blox M8 Receiver Description Protocol Specification Docu No UBX 13003221 AssistNow Services Quick Start Guide Docu No UBX 14003139 u blox LISA U2 series Data Sheet Docu No UBX 13001734 u blox LISA C200 Data Sheet Docu No UBX 13000623 u blox SARA G3 series Data Sheet Docu No UBX 13000993 u blox SARA G3 SARA U2 series System Integration Manual Docu No UBX 13000995 u blox LISA C200 and FW75 C200 D200 CDMA System Integration Manual Docu No UBX 13000620 u blox LISA C200 and FW75 C200 AT Commands Manual Docu No UBX 13000621 u blox SARA U2 series Data Sheet Docu No UBX 13005287 For regular updates to u blox documentation and to receive product change notifications register on our homepage UBX 13001849 R15 Early Production Information Related documents Page 66 of 68 Q biox Revision history Revision P1 A1 A2 A3 A4 R12 R13 R14 R15 Date 20 Jan 2010 26 Jan 2010 11 Feb 11 2010 08 Mar 2010 01 Jul 2010 25 Aug 2010 09 Jun 09 2011 02 Aug 2011 16 Jan 2012 21 Aug 2012 12 Apr 2013 20 Sep 2013 28 Jul 2014 17 Jul 2014 14 Sep 2015 UBX 13001849 R15 Name mice mice mice mice lpah fves lpah lpah mcel lpah mcel pah WCOS pah mcel pah jpau sfal WCOS pah mace mace Positioning Implementation Application Note Status Comments Initial release Inserted Table 1 AssistNow data request format
30. GNSS receiver For details about valid configurations see the u blox Receiver Description document related to the u blox GNSS receiver 10 11 12 13 UBX 13001849 R15 Early Production Information Hybrid positioning and CellLocate Page 51 of 68 Qo ox Positioning Implementation Application Note 6 4 Cellular sensor setup 6 4 1 AT ULOCCELL AT ULOCCELL command pre configures the device to determine which cell information must be reported to the CellLocate server for the position estimation as follows normal scan the cellular module only reports the parameters of the neighboring visible cells designated by the network operator which are normally collected by the module during its network activity This configuration is suitable for a quick rough update of location full scan the cellular module scans and reports all visible cells This gives not only the parameters of the visible cells of the serving network operator but also the cells of all other available network operators thus improving location accuracy Although this takes a bit longer time approx 30 s to 2 minutes is needed to perform a full scan and requires more communication traffic as more data is sent to the server 9 bytes for each cell the coverage reliability and accuracy are all substantially better if hybrid positioning is pre configured to operate in the full scan mode of operation I Full scan configuration is strongly recommended to achiev
31. GNSS RIC sharing TUNCHOM sai pete etr pure n pa eIR I NO co teense rte TR Mn vrbe 33 4 3 AssistNow Aiding Servite senenn eene ener ener an n enne nennen nennen 33 4 3 1 Using GNSS with AssistNow Offline support eee 34 4 3 2 Using GNSS with AssistNow Online support ssssssssssesee e eee nns 37 4 4 Using GNSS with AssistNow Autonomous Support sssssssssssse eene 41 4 5 Using GNSS with combined aiding modes sssssssssssssssssee eene ener 43 46 Ading result CODES EUER 43 5 GNSS Input Output scion ee ME nnnnnnnnnnn nnne 44 UBX 13001849 R15 Early Production Information Contents Page 4 of 68 Qo Ox Positioning Implementation Application Note 5 1 Uo E 44 52 vise cae cU 45 Bio ME So UOI TERTII E E AOT TT E T A E EE AO ETE 45 S MEI E TUNE RET 45 6 Hybrid positioning and CellLocate ssssssssssssssssssssssssssessssssesesassassassassassaseas 46 6 1 POSITIONING SCMSOMS 522 E 47 6 2 BASIC functionality st ones eres e inset a cece on estote tu a pad euasit red rc ed 49 o5 ONSS Senor seU ecos nna a 51 6 4 Cellular sensor Setup iet tbe esI meet a a IR RR A A Eaa E n TEEN 52 6 4 1 PA TRUEOC E NE 52 6 4 2 ATFULOCAID oee ee aea a a eut mn CM a tare ree ee 52 6 4 3 PTA WO GIN ID osent c E 52 65 JAT command examples ertet etae a AEE ay ed neti neces tacit E eee 53 6 6 Howto implement a data collection unit sssssssssssssse eem nee 54 6
32. GNSSLDO 3V0 Regulator VCC I OUT IN GNSS supply enabled SHDN 3V0 3V0 C1 GFIOZ m R3 VMAIN SDA2 SCL2 SDA SCL Unidirectional 3V0 Voltage Translator 1v8 VCCA VCCB 0 0 Em V INT Te Ics DIRI TxD1 gt Ai B1 GNSS data ready GPIO3 EXTINTO a2 B2 kd CNSSRIC sharing pr GPio4 DIR2 cyp OF Figure 10 Application circuit for SARA G340 SARA G350 modules and u blox 3 0 V GNSS receivers Reference Description Part Number Manufacturer R1 R2 4 7 KQ Resistor 0402 5 0 1 W RC0402JR 074K7L Yageo Phycomp R3 47 KQ Resistor 0402 5 0 1 W RC0402JR 0747KL Yageo Phycomp C2 C3 100 nF Capacitor Ceramic X5R 0402 10 10V GRM155R71C104KA01 Murata U1 Voltage regulator for GNSS receiver See GNSS receiver Hardware Integration Manual U2 Generic Unidirectional Voltage Translator SN74AVC2T245 Texas Instruments Table 13 Components for SARA G340 SARA G350 modules and u blox 3 0 V GNSS receivers application circuit UBX 13001849 R15 Early Production Information Hardware architecture Page 20 of 68 Qo Ox Positioning Implementation Application Note 2 7 Hardware architecture with SARA U2 series E Provide external pull up resistors e g 4 7 kQ on SDA and SCL lines and connect them to the V INT 1 8 V supply source or another proper supply source enabled after V_INT e g as the 1 8 V or 3 0 V GNSS supply rail present in
33. IN a SHDN GNSS supply enabled GPIO2 1v8 1v8 C1 R3 LISA C200 VMAIN SDA2 SCL2 GNSS data ready TxD1 GPIO3 M a 22 EXTINTO GNSS RTC sharing GPIO4 RA Figure 6 Application circuit for LISA C200 modules and u blox 1 8 V GNSS receivers using V INT as supply source Reference Description Part Number Manufacturer R1 R2 R4 4 7 KQ Resistor 0402 5 0 1 W RC0402JR 074K7L Yageo Phycomp R3 47 kQ Resistor 0402 5 0 1 W RC0402JR 0747KL Yageo Phycomp U1 Voltage regulator for GNSS receiver See GNSS receiver Hardware Integration Manual Table 9 Components for LISA C200 modules and u blox 1 8 V GNSS receivers application circuit UBX 13001849 R15 Early Production Information Hardware architecture Page 16 of 68 Qo Ox Positioning Implementation Application Note Figure 7 shows an application circuit connecting a LISA C200 cellular module to a u blox 3 0 V GNSS receiver while Table 10 lists the recommended components As the SDA and SCL pins of the LISA C200 modules are not compatible with 3 0 V logic levels the connection to the related I C pins of the u blox 3 0 V GNSS receiver must be provided using a proper l C bus Bidirectional Voltage Translator e g TI TCA9406 which additionally provides the partial power down feature so that the GNSS 3 0 V supply can be ramped up before the V INT 1 8 V cellular supply with proper pull up resistor
34. NSS receiver Reference Description Part Number Manufacturer R1 R2 4 7 kQ Resistor 0402 5 0 1 W RC0402JR 074K7L Yageo Phycomp R3 47 kQ Resistor 0402 5 0 1 W RC0402JR 0747KL Yageo Phycomp U1 Voltage regulator for GNSS receiver See GNSS receiver Hardware Integration Manual Table 4 Components for LEON Gx00 05S and LEON Gx00 04S versions and u blox 3 0 V GNSS receiver s application circuit UBX 13001849 R15 Early Production Information Hardware architecture Page 11 of 68 Qo Ox Positioning Implementation Application Note 2 3 2 Application circuit for LEON Gx00 06x and subsequent versions g The pull ups must be connected to a supply voltage of 3 0 V typical due to the voltage domain of the DDC C pins of LEON G100 LEON G200 series modules for detailed electrical characteristics see LEON G100 LEON G200 Data Sheet 7 Figure 2 illustrates the application circuit for the connection of LEON G100 06x LEON G200 06S modules and subsequent versions to a u blox 3 0 V GNSS receiver and Table 5 lists the suggested components The SDA and SCL pins of the cellular module are directly connected to the corresponding pins of the u blox 3 0 V GNSS receiver with appropriate pull up resistors connected to the 3 0 V GNSS supply rail providing data communication between the cellular module and the GNSS receiver The GPIO2 pin is connected to the active high enable pin or the active low shutdown pin of the voltage regulator that
35. NSS sensor ULOCCELL Configure cellular location sensor CellLocate Table 1 GNSS AT commands For a complete description of the AT commands syntax see u blox AT commands manual 1 or u blox CDMA AT Commands Manual 20 UBX 13001849 R15 Early Production Information Introduction Page 6 of 68 biox 1 3 GNSS aiding features compatibility matrix Positioning Implementation Application Note For a simpler integration of u blox cellular modules and positioning products u blox cellular modules feature u blox A GNSS services AssistNow Online AssistNow Offline for faster and more accurate GNSS performance Support of the different types of embedded GNSS aiding features can vary depending on the u blox cellular module series and version See Table 2 for a complete overview of the aiding modes supported by u blox cellular modules u blox cellular module LEON G100 LEON G200 series except LEON Gx00 05S and previous versions LEON G100 055 LEON G200 05S and previous versions LISA U1 series LISA U2 series except LISA U200 005 LISA U200 00S LISA C2 series except LISA C200 x2S and previous versions LISA C200 x2S and previous versions SARA G340 SARA G350 series SARA U2 series Table 2 GNSS aiding feature compatibility matrix UBX 13001849 R15 Local Aiding YES YES MES YES NO YES NO YES YES AssistNow Online YES YES YES YES NO YES NO YES YES Early Production Inf
36. P backup supply input of the u blox 3 0 V GNSS receiver as in the application circuit for a u blox 1 8 V GNSS receiver u blox GNSS 3 0 V receiver V BCKP 4 WEM v BCKP GNSSLDO Regulator vcc n n OUT IN es GNSS supply enabled EE SHDN 4 gy Sr EW GPIO2 SARA U2 3vo VMANN u I2C bus Bidirectional Voltage Translator 1v8 VCCB VCCA ES v NT OE SDA2 SCL2 SDA SCL SDA_B SDA A SCL_B SCLA U2 Unidirectional 3V0 Voltage Translator 1v8 VCCA VCCB e Tos DIR1 TxD1 A1 B1 GNSS data read GPIO3 EXTINTO 4 42 B2 GNSS RTC mm GPIO4 DIR2 OE 4 GND U3 Figure 13 Application circuit for SARA U2 modules and u blox 3 0 V GNSS receivers Reference Description Part Number Manufacturer R1 R2 RA R5 4 7 KQ Resistor 0402 5 0 1 W RC0402JR 074K7L Yageo Phycomp R3 47 KQ Resistor 0402 5 0 1 W RC0402JR 0747KL Yageo Phycomp C2 C3 C4 C5 100 nF Capacitor Ceramic X5R 0402 1096 10V GRM155R71C104KA01 Murata U1 C1 Voltage Regulator for GNSS receiver and related See GNSS receiver Hardware Integration Manual output bypass capacitor U2 I2C bus Bidirectional Voltage Translator TCA9406DCUR Texas Instruments U3 Generic Unidirectional Voltage Translator SN74AVC2T245 Texas I
37. RA U2 and u blox 1 8 V GNSS receivers application circuit using V_INT as supply source UBX 13001849 R15 Early Production Information Hardware architecture Page 22 of 68 Qo Ox Positioning Implementation Application Note Figure 13 illustrates the application circuit for the SARA U2 connection to a u blox 3 0 V GNSS receiver As the SDA and SCL pins of the SARA U2 cellular module are not compatible with 3 0 V logic levels the connection to the related I C pins of the u blox 3 0 V GNSS receiver must be provided using a proper l C bus Bidirectional Voltage Translator e g TI TCA9406 which additionally provides the partial power down feature so that the GNSS 3 0 V supply can be ramped up before the V INT 1 8 V cellular supply with proper pull up resistors The GPIO2 is connected to the active high enable pin of the external voltage regulator that supplies the u blox 3 0 V GNSS receiver to enable or disable the 3 0 V GNSS supply As the GPIO3 and GPIO4 pins of the SARA U2 cellular modules are not compatible with 3 0 V logic levels the connection to the related pins of the u blox 3 0 V GNSS receiver must be provided using a proper Unidirectional General Purpose Voltage Translator e g TI SN74AVC2T245 which additionally provides the partial power down feature so that the 3 0 V GNSS supply can be also ramped up before the V INT 1 8 V cellular supply The V BCKP supply output of the cellular module is directly connected to the V BCK
38. RTC calibration procedure has not been completed for local aiding 14 Feature not supported by GNSS receiver for AssistNow Autonomous 15 Feature partially supported for AssistNow Autonomous 16 Authentication token missing required for MGA assistance server connection Table 26 GNSS aiding feature compatibility matrix UBX 13001849 R15 Early Production Information Aiding features Page 43 of 68 Q biox 5 GNSS input output Positioning Implementation Application Note The AT UGPRF command configures the communication and the data redirection between the GNSS receiver and the cellular module Apart from enabling GNSS Data Ready and GNSS RTC sharing GNSS data can be redirected from the DDC interface in the following modes which can be combined to a USB channel to a multiplexer virtual channel to a file in File System over the air OTA es On LEON G LISA C and SARA G3 modules the GNSS data cannot be redirected to a USB channel The configuration can be only done when the GNSS receiver is off For more details see the u blox AT commands manual 1 or u blox CDMA AT Commands Manual 20 AT UGPRF command ee On LISA C200 series modules the UPSDA AT command is not required Command Response AT UGPRF 4 e AT UPSDA 0 3 O AT UGPS 1 0 3 O AT UGAOS 4 e AT UGPS 0 O AT ULSTFILE ULSTFILE GPS 20040101 001 e AT UGPRF 6 e AT UGPS 1 0 3 O AT UGAOS 0 O AT UGPS 0 O AT ULSTFILE ULSTFILE GPS
39. S The module automatically creates files hidden to the user UUGIND 1 0 Local aiding data saved on the FS UUGIND 8 0 AssistNow Autonomous deactivated Answer to the AT UGPS 0 command Table 25 Combined aiding modes AT command sequence 4 6 Aiding result codes The UUGIND URC provides the aiding result Table 26 lists the allowed aiding results Aiding result Description 0 No error this message is sent when the aiding procedure is complete With AssistNow Online the procedure is complete when the position information is sent back to the server Local aiding and AssistNow Autonomous also perform aiding action during power off sequence therefore they also provide URC in this phase 1 The URL provided with UGAOF command for AssistNow Offline is not valid 2 The HTTP GET request for AssistNow Offline file has failed 3 UDP socket creation for AssistNow Online failed 4 During AssistNow Online procedure the UDP socket closure returned an error 5 t was not possible to send AssistNow Online information to the server 6 There was an error while receiving for AssistNow Online data from the server 7 t was not possible to connect to the AssistNow Online server or to resolve its DNS 8 Error writing data in the file system 9 Generic error 10 No answer from GNSS after a data request for local aiding and AssistNow Autonomous 11 Data collection already in progress for local aiding 12 GNSS activation of AssistNow Autonomous failed 13
40. SS system the GNSS related aiding data saved on cellular file system are in the form of UBX MGA INI initial assistance data and UBX MGA DBD messages navigation database UBX 13001849 R15 Early Production Information Aiding features Page 31 of 68 Qo Ox Positioning Implementation Application Note GNSS receiver Cellular module AT UGPS 1 1 lt GNSS_system gt Poll UBX MON VER UBX MON VER answer within 5s If no MGA GNSS receiver UBX AID XXX messages detected from UBX MON VER answer If MGA GNSS receiver UBX MGA XXX messages detected from UUGIND 0 lt GNSS_system gt UBX MON VER answer UUGIND 1 0 Figure 15 Interaction between the cellular module and GNSS receiver with local aiding support If an error occurs the UUGIND URC will notify it for more details on aiding error see the section 4 6 e On LISA C2 series modules the COPS AT command is not required Command Response Description AT COPS COPS 0 0 vodafone IT Check if the module is registered GNSS local aiding will use OK cellular network information to reduce TTFF AT UGRMC 1 OK Activate storing of the last value of RMC NMEA string AT UGIND 1 OK Activate unsolicited aiding result AT UGPS 1 1 67 OK Start up GNSS with GPS SBAS GLONASS systems and local aiding it will download assistance data to GNSS if available in FS otherwise it will use country code information for a rough localization UUGIND 0 67 URC reportin
41. TC and backup RAM when the VCC supply of the cellular module is within its operating range and the VCC supply of the GNSS receiver is switched off This enables the u blox GNSS receiver to recover from a power outage with either a hot start or a warm start depending on the duration of the GNSS VCC outage and to maintain the configuration settings saved in backup RAM u blox GNSS SARA U2 1 8 V receiver V BCKP 4 gt v BCKP GNSS LDO 1v8 Regulator VMAIN vcc el OUT IN I GNSS supply enabled SHDN 1v8 1v8 e SHOA n R3 TxD1 po 58855 data ready ry GPIO3 EXTINTO 4 ONS RIC sharing M GPIO4 SDA2 SCL2 Figure 11 Application circuit for SARA U2 modules and u blox 1 8 V GNSS receivers Reference Description Part Number Manufacturer R1 R2 4 7 KQ Resistor 0402 5 0 1 W RCO0402JR 074K7L Yageo Phycomp R3 47 KQ Resistor 0402 5 0 1 W RC0402JR 0747KL Yageo Phycomp U1 Voltage regulator for GNSS receiver See GNSS receiver Hardware Integration Manual Table 14 Components for SARA U2 modules and u blox 1 8 V GNSS receivers application circuit UBX 13001849 R15 Early Production Information Hardware architecture Page 21 of 68 Qo Ox Positioning Implementation Application Note Figure 12 illustrates an alternative solution as supply for a u blox 1 8 V GNSS receiver the V_INT supply
42. age configures the power save mode of the GNSS by setting the optimization target flag in power consumption or in default mode UBX CFG NAVX5 message configures the minimum number of satellites for navigation minimum satellite signal level for navigation and if the initial fix must be 3D UBX CFG NAV5 configures the static hold mode allows the navigation algorithms to decrease the noise in the position output when the velocity is below a pre defined Static Hold Threshold This reduces the position wander caused by environmental issues such as multi path and improves position accuracy especially in stationary applications By default static hold mode is disabled UBX CFG SBAS enable disable SBAS Satellite Based Augmentation Systems is an augmentation technology for GNSS which calculates GNSS integrity and correction data with RIMS Ranging and Integrity Monitoring Stations on the ground and uses geostationary satellites GEOs to broadcast GNSS integrity and correction data to GNSS users The correction data is transmitted on the GNSS L1 frequency 1575 42 MHz and therefore no additional receiver is required to make use of the correction and integrity data UBX CFG ITFM configures Jamming Interference monitor enables disables the indicator sets the antenna type broadband jamming detection threshold and continuous wave jamming detection threshold UBX CFG GNSS configures the GNSS system channel sharing configuration and activation for a multi
43. age regulator for GNSS receiver and related See GNSS receiver Hardware Integration Manual output bypass capacitor U2 I2C bus Bidirectional Voltage Translator TCA9406DCUR Texas Instruments U3 Generic Bidirectional Voltage Translator SN74AVC2T245 Texas Instruments Table 8 Components for LISA U series cellular modules and u blox 3 0 V GNSS receivers application circuit UBX 13001849 R15 Early Production Information Hardware architecture Page 15 of 68 Qo Ox Positioning Implementation Application Note 2 E 5 Hardware architecture with LISA C200 series Provide external pull up resistors e g 4 7 kQ on SDA and SCL lines and connect them to the V INT 1 8 V supply source or another proper supply source enabled after V_INT e g as the 1 8 V GNSS supply rail present in the application circuits of Figure 6 or Figure 7 controlled by the cellular module For detailed electrical characteristics see LISA C200 Data Sheet 16 Figure 6 shows an application circuit connecting a LISA C200 cellular module to a u blox 1 8 V GNSS receiver and Table 9 lists the recommended components The SDA and SCL pins of the cellular module are directly connected to the corresponding pins of the u blox 1 8 V GNSS receiver with the appropriate pull up resistors connected to the 1 8 V GNSS supply rail providing data communication between the cellular module and the GNSS receiver The GPIO2 pin is connected to the active high enable pin or the acti
44. anges o changes Ou No changes ct put extended to more GNSS systems Talker ID Parameter used to configure GNSS system No changes Additional command to configure MGA server and other parameters t uses HTTP and not UDP eeded to access the MGA Server Automatically enables local aiding GNSS impact on module current consumption Page 61 of 68 Q Ox Positioning Implementation Application Note E Best practices for CellLocate ULOC The following is a list of the best practices for using hybrid positioning It is suggested the use the detailed response to know the sensor used in the position returned o last valid position degraded in time assuming as speed 100 km h o the GNSS fix o the CellLocate location information Once the ULOC AT command is sent the user application should wait for the corresponding URC UULOC before issuing the command again In any case the command can be aborted but in this way the position returned is the available position at that time which may not be the best one The use of the CellLocate sensor and or some aiding mode requires a data connection which must be active until the URC UULOC is received The network scan type can either be normal or deep This influences the amount of data exchanged with the server On 3G modules only the deep scan is used unless they are not set in GSM only RAT The network scan type can either be normal or deep
45. ar module and GNSS receiver compatibility matrix Positioning chips and modules Flash version 5 00 6 02 6 02 7 01 7 03 1 00 6 02 7 01 7 03 1 00 6 02 7 01 7 03 1 00 6 02 7 01 7 03 1 00 6 02 7 01 7 03 1 00 2 00 6 02 7 01 7 03 1 00 2 00 u blox7 is supported by 02 product versions and by configuring the GNSS data ready via UGUBX command u blox M8 is not supported by SARA G340 00S SARA G350 00S and SARA G350 00X product versions UBX 13001849 R15 Early Production Information GNSS impact on module current consumption Page 59 of 68 biox C Compatibility and migration matrix between external application cellular product and GNSS receiver The following notation has been applied Notation New FW Old FW New App Old App Old server MGA Definition Positioning Implementation Application Note SARA U2 SARA G340 01S SARA G350 01S SARA G350 01B LISA U200 03S LISA U201 03S All products not belonging to New FW The external application suited for New FW The external application suited for Old FW Old aiding server Multi GNSS Assistance server Table 33 highlights what has to be done or not from the point of view of an external application Application Old App Old App Old App New App New App Cellular GNSS Server Old FW u blox 6 u blox 7 Old server Old FW or u blox M8 None New FW New FW u blox 6 u blox 7 Old server New FW u blox 6 u blox 7 Old server or MGA
46. ated by China According to the configuration applied to the multi GNSS receiver the proper aiding information must be issued to the device Specific GNSS system can be activated using the optional third parameter of AT UGPS command If the connected GNSS receiver is not a multi GNSS device this parameter is ignored If the connected GNSS receiver is a multi GNSS device and the optional third parameter is omitted then the GPS GNSS system is configured as default The detection of the type of connected GNSS receiver is performed by the cellular module by polling for the UBX MON VER message as the very first step after GNSS is powered on with AT UGPS command 3 2 GNSS data ready function By default the cellular module reads data from the l C interface every 200 ms polling mode even if the GNSS receiver has no data to communicate The GNSS data ready function is implemented to avoid polling the IC bus when no data is available The GNSS data ready function improves the cellular module s power consumption If the AT UPSV command enables the power saving in the cellular modules and the GNSS receiver does not send data by the DDC I C interface the module automatically enters low power idle mode whenever possible With the GNSS data ready function the GNSS receiver indicates to the cellular module that it is ready to send data via the DDC I C interface the GNSS receiver can wake up the cellular module if it is in low power idle
47. between otherwise equivalent solutions This may help in locations like near crossroads where the knowledge of the direction and speed of motion may discriminate between two or more possibilities UBX 13001849 R15 Early Production Information Hybrid positioning and CellLocate Page 46 of 68 Qo ox Positioning Implementation Application Note 6 1 Positioning sensors The following positioning sensors are supported GNSS receiver sensor the positioning chip or module is connected to the cellular module as described in previous sections and is configured by AT ULOCGNSS command the configuration includes the set of GNSS aiding modes and if the connected receiver is multi GNSS the GNSS systems allowed to optimize the GNSS position calculation process Cellular sensor CellLocate provides an estimated location based on visible network cell information reported by the cellular module and is configured by AT ULOCCELL command When CellLocate is activated a data connection to the CellLocate server is established and the network cell information is passed to the server which provides an estimation of the device position based on the cell information When using CellLocate the position accuracy is not predictable and is determined by the availability in the database of previous observations within the same area CellLocate does not require itself a GNSS receiver to be present or active however the performance of the hybrid posit
48. cellular modules can be used to supply a u blox 1 8 V GNSS receiver of the u blox 6 platform or any later u blox platform instead of using an external voltage regulator as shown in Figure 3 The V_INT supply is able to withstand the maximum current consumption of these positioning receivers The internal switching step down regulator that generates the V_INT supply is set to 1 8 V typical when the LISA U series cellular module is switched on and it is disabled when the module is switched off or when the RESET_N pin is forced at the low level The supply of the u blox 1 8 V GNSS receiver can be switched off using an external p channel MOSFET controlled by the GPIO2 pin by means of a proper inverting transistor as shown in Figure 4 providing the GNSS supply enable function If this feature is not required the V_INT supply output can be directly connected to the u blox 1 8 V GNSS receiver so that it will be switched on when V INT output is enabled The V INT supply output provides low voltage ripple up to 15 mVpp when the module is in active mode or in connected mode but it provides higher voltage ripple up to 70 mVpp when the module is in the low power idle mode with power saving configuration enabled by AT UPSV see the u blox AT Commands Manual 1 According to the voltage ripple characteristic of the V INT supply output The power saving configuration cannot be enabled to properly supply by V INT output any 1 8 V GNSS receiver of th
49. cover from a power outage with either a hot start or a warm start depending on the duration of the GNSS VCC outage and to maintain the configuration settings saved in backup RAM u blox GNSS SARA G340 1 8 V receiver SARA G350 V BCKP 4 WEM v BCKP GNSS LDO 1v8 Regulator VMAIN vcc el OUT IN a GNSS supply enabled 1V8 ive c1 SHDN GPIO2 R3 TxD1 po GNSS data ready ery GPIO3 EXTINTO Me ISS RTC sharing rw GPIO4 SDA2 SCL2 Figure 8 Application circuit for SARA G340 SARA G350 modules and u blox 1 8 V GNSS receivers Reference Description Part Number Manufacturer R1 R2 4 7 KQ Resistor 0402 5 0 1 W RC0402JR 074K7L Yageo Phycomp R3 47 KQ Resistor 0402 5 0 1 W RC0402JR 0747KL Yageo Phycomp U1 Voltage regulator for GNSS receiver See GNSS receiver Hardware Integration Manual Table 11 Components for SARA G340 SARA G350 modules and u blox 1 8 V GNSS receivers application circuit UBX 13001849 R15 Early Production Information Hardware architecture Page 18 of 68 Qo Ox Positioning Implementation Application Note Figure 9 illustrates an alternative solution as supply for a u blox 1 8 V GNSS receiver the V_INT supply output of SARA G340 SARA G350 cellular modules can be used to supply a u blox 1 8 V GNSS receiver of the u blox 6 platform or any later u blox platform inst
50. de Local Aiding 1 and No error 0 o Answer to the AT UGPS 0 command ow Autonomous AT command sequence Request AssistNow Autonomous Is GPS GNSS at least u blox 6 with FW 7 0 NO Send URC Is data available on FS Send CFG NAVX5 Send AID AOP data Figure 21 Detailed AssistNow Autonomous start sequence on a single GNSS receiver UBX 13001849 R15 Early Production Information Aiding features Page 42 of 68 Qo Ox Positioning Implementation Application Note 4 5 Using GNSS with combined aiding modes The GNSS aiding modes previously described can be enabled at the same time when the GNSS receiver is switched on To enable more than one assistance mode simply switch on the GNSS with the command AT UGPS 1 x y passing as second parameter the algebraic sum of the codes of each assistance mode desired For example to activate Local Aiding normally activated with AT UGPS 1 1 and AssistNow Autonomous AT UGPS 1 8 simply send AT UGPS 1 9 If the UUGIND URCs are enabled there will be an unsolicited text response for each mode activated Command Response Description AT UGIND 1 OK Activate the unsolicited aiding result AT UGPS 1 9 67 OK Activate GNSS with GPS SBAS GLONASS systems and AssistNow Autonomous AT UGPS 1 8 and Local aiding AT UGPS 1 1 UUGIND 0 67 URC reporting GNSS system activated UUGIND 1 0 UUGIND 8 0 AT UGPS 0 Stop the GNS
51. duct versions do not support the MGA service access 4 3 1 Using GNSS with AssistNow Offline support GNSS AssistNow Offline stores the GNSS almanac for the configured GNSS system within the cellular module s FS If there is no almanac file saved in the FS then the cellular module will try to download it from the dedicated server using an existing packet data connection ee If the assistance data needs to be downloaded the application must activate a data connection e g using AT UPSDA to allow the cellular module to establish a connection to the server LISA C2 series modules are always connected The configuration of AssistNow Offline can be performed through these commands AT UGAOF for u blox 7 and previous versions AT UGSRV for all the GNSS receivers After the file is downloaded from the server it is renamed with the date and time plus alp extension if the old server was accessed or mga extension if the MGA server was accessed and passed to the GNSS receiver Cg On LEON G100 LEON G200 series the file name is composed by the number of minutes elapsed from 01 01 2004 If there is more than one AssistNow Offline data file on the file system all the files except the newest one will be automatically deleted If the almanac file is downloaded from the old AssistNow Offline u blox server the URL configured through the UGAOF command determines the validity period of the Differential Almanac Correction data on u blox server
52. e 6 6 2 Loop This is the main loop to feed the server database repeat the sequence the suggested interval between two subsequent iterations varies depending on the dynamic conditions 2 minutes for static or low dynamic 1 minute for highway speed Command Response Description AT UPSND 0 8 UPSND 0 8 X If the data connection is down X 0 start it using the OK command AT UPSDA 0 3 AT ULOC 2 3 1 120 100 OK Start hybrid positioning enabling both GNSS and cellular sensor UULOC 23 05 2011 12 23 48 0 When a result is available wait before starting a new 00 45 714115 13 740867 292 33 iteration in this way the calculated position and the 3 0 000 19 1 7 3 5 harvested cells are sent to the server UBX 13001849 R15 Early Production Information Hybrid positioning and CellLocate Page 55 of 68 Qo Ox Positioning Implementation Application Note 7 GNSS impact on module current consumption If the AT UPSV command enables the power saving configuration on the cellular module refer to u blox AT commands manual 1 or u blox CDMA AT Commands Manual 20 for more details the communication between the cellular module and the GNSS receiver requires the cellular module to exit the low power idle mode minimum power consumption and enter active mode to be able to read data on the DDC IC interface this means an increment in power consumption This extra power consumption is negligible if the power saving configuration of the cellula
53. e it just notifies the GNSS that an alp mga file is available on the cellular module file system If the file is corrupted or out of date the GNSS determines if it will not use it and in this case no error notification is provided 4 3 2 Using GNSS with AssistNow Online support AssistNow Online is the assistance mode ensuring the fastest TTFF Assistance data is downloaded from the cellular module and then passed to the GNSS receiver ee An active packet data connection is required to exchange data between the cellular module and u blox dedicated server At GNSS startup a data connection is created either to the u blox AssistNow Online Server or to a configurable proxy server for AssistNow server assistance a UDP socket is created when the cell information is available for MGA server assistance a HTTP session is created instead The cellular module will pass the active cell information to the server and the server will return the aiding data only for those satellites visible by the GNSS receiver at a given time ee The address eval1 les services u blox com is the AssistNow Online Server which also supports CellLocate requests ee The addresses cell live1 services u blox com and cell live2 services u blox com are respectively the primary and secondary servers for the preferred MGA Online Server which also supports CellLocate requests UBX 13001849 R15 Early Production Information Aiding features Page 37 of 68 Qo ox Positioni
54. e 7 Components for LISA U modules and u blox 1 8 V GNSS receivers application circuit using V_INT as supply source UBX 13001849 R15 Early Production Information Hardware architecture Page 14 of 68 Qo Ox Positioning Implementation Application Note Figure 5 shows an application circuit connecting a LISA U cellular module to a u blox 3 0 V GNSS receiver while Table 8 lists the recommended components As the SDA and SCL pins of the LISA U series modules are not compatible with 3 0 V logic levels the connection to the related I C pins of the u blox 3 0 V GNSS receiver must be provided using a proper l C bus Bidirectional Voltage Translator e g TI TCA9406 which additionally provides the partial power down feature so that the GNSS 3 0 V supply can be ramped up before the V_INT 1 8 V cellular supply with proper pull up resistors The GPIO2 pin is connected to the active high enable pin of the external voltage regulator that supplies the u blox 3 0 V GNSS receiver to enable or disable the 3 0 V GNSS supply As the GPIO3 and GPIO4 pins of the LISA U series modules are not compatible with 3 0 V logic levels the connection to the related pins of the u blox 3 0 V GNSS receiver must be provided using a proper Unidirectional General Purpose Voltage Translator e g Tl SN74AVC2T245 which additionally provides the partial power down feature so that the 3 0 V GNSS supply can be also ramped up before the V INT 1 8 V cellular supply The V BCKP
55. e GNSS is on or do not use local aiding right after RTC modification 4 3 AssistNow Aiding Service The AssistNow feature provides aiding data downloads for the connected GNSS receiver from a specific u blox server The cellular module contacts the server using an existing packet data connection AssistNow Offline downloads the aiding data from a u blox HTTP server and saves it in the cellular file system so that it can be transferred to the GNSS receiver at the next GNSS device power on AssistNow Online downloads real time aiding data from a u blox server and then directly transfers the data to the powered on GNSS device The latest release of the AssistNow service provides aiding data for multi GNSS receivers and uses a centralized server which the cellular module contacts Currently it is possible to access the AssistNow service in two different ways AssistNow server access it uses UGAOF configuration options for AssistNow Offline access HTTP server and UGAOP configuration options for AssistNow Online access UDP LES server Use of this access is suggested only if the UGSRV AT command is not supported Multi GNSS Assistance MGA server access it uses a unique HTTP server for gathering both Offline and or Online assistance data For MGA server access configuration options from AT UGSRV are used Configuration options in UGSRV command includes an authentication token as a means of authorizing UBX 13001849 R15 Early Production I
56. e GNSS time reported by the GNSS using the UBX message TIM TM2 it is possible to calculate the RTC bias and drift Knowing the RTC characteristics typically vary with time and temperature it is possible to estimate with high precision the time elapsed between two GNSS power cycles The RTC calibration is performed at GNSS power off or when AT UGAOS 0 is triggered At the subsequent GNSS power on if RTC calibration was successful and RTC clock has not been changed a new pulse is sent to the EXTINTO pin and in the UBX AID INI message or UBX MGA INI TIME_UTC message for a multi GNSS receiver the pulse time is provided To only enable the GNSS RTC sharing function the first parameter of AT UGPRF command must be set to 32 For more details on GNSS RTC sharing enabling and AT UGPRF command description refer to u blox AT commands manual 1 If the RTC out pin of the cellular module and EXTINTO of the GNSS are not connected the RTC calibration procedure will fail and time pulse is not sent with the UBX message e The calibration procedure requires more than 7 s so the GNSS power off sequence takes more time when the GNSS RTC sharing function is enabled The whole procedure could take up to 15 s e If the RTC time is modified between the RTC calibration procedure and subsequent GNSS power on a wrong time and accuracy is passed to the GNSS receiver and this could decrease GNSS performance to avoid this modify the RTC when th
57. e details on AT commands description see the u blox AT commands manual 1 Output Low otherwise default setting Connect the pin providing the GNSS RTC sharing function to the synchronization timing input of the u blox GNSS receiver the EXTINTO pin of the u blox GNSS receiver on the application board For more details see the section 4 2 1 UBX 13001849 R15 Early Production Information Hardware architecture Page 10 of 68 Qo Ox Positioning Implementation Application Note 2 3 Hardware architecture with LEON G100 LEON G200 series 2 3 1 Application circuit for LEON Gx00 05S and LEON Gx00 04S versions er The pull ups must be connected to a supply voltage of 3 0 V typical since this is the voltage domain of the DDC l C pins of LEON G100 LEON G200 series modules for detailed electrical characteristics see LEON G100 LEON G200 Data Sheet 6 Figure 1 illustrates an application circuit for the connection of LEON G100 05S LEON G200 05S versions and LEON G100 04S LEON G200 04S versions to a u blox 3 0 V GNSS receiver and Table 4 lists the suggested components The SDA and SCL pins of the cellular module are directly connected to the corresponding pins of the u blox 3 0 V GNSS receiver with appropriate pull up resistors connected to the 3 0 V GNSS supply rail providing data communication between the cellular module and the GNSS receiver The GPIO2 pin is connected to the active high enable pin or the active low shu
58. e document Helpful Information when Contacting Technical Support When contacting Technical Support please have the following information ready Module type e g LISA U200 and firmware version Module configuration Clear description of your question or the problem A short description of the application Your complete contact details UBX 13001849 R15 Early Production Information Preface Page 3 of 68 Qo ox Positioning Implementation Application Note Contents jr 3 Contents P M 4 T JntrOdUCUON iuciaeicnicies tetti edtiose om atui ceri o Ste ecce cecus E ei Ses loce eakad pensi See ecu Leon uani ena 6 1 1 Rai m M 6 MEE EoUraecrc c 6 1 3 GNSS aiding features compatibility matrix sssini nine aaa eene enn 7 2 Hardware architecture sac sheer schist sees cctecednecce ce cecsentaneeecmeeeseceesbbesienccacstecaiees 8 2 1 General considerations ssssssssssssssssse eene eene eere EEES rne nr nere nennen nnns 8 2 2 GPIO functions compatibility Matrix eee cece cee eene enn 9 2 2 1 GNSS supply enable function sssssssssssssseeeeee eene enne enne 9 2 2 1 GNSS data ready TUFICEIOT ii timed d ap RR REX EE 10 2 2 2 GNSS RIG sharing FUNCTION uscite esaet teh Resa rami nd Ra RR E unde 10 2 3 Hardware architecture with LEON G100 LEON G200 series
59. e is issued If the GNSS URC notification is enabled via the dedicated AT UGIND command then the GNSS systems activated are reported by the UUGIND O GNSS system URC UBX 13001849 R15 Early Production Information Aiding features Page 29 of 68 Qo Ox Positioning Implementation Application Note GNSS receiver Cellular module AT UGPS 1 0 lt GNSS_system gt Poll UBX MON VER UBX MON VER answer within 5s UBX CFG GNSS GNSS_system If GNSS receiver detected u blox7 or above UBX CFG GNSS answer Figure 14 Interaction between the cellular module and GNSS receiver without aiding support Command Response Description AT UGRMC 1 OK Enable storing of the last value NMEA RMC string AT UGPS 1 0 64 OK Start up the GNSS with GLONASS only system AT UGPS UGPS 1 0 64 Read GNSS status GNSS is powered on with GLONASS OK system and no active aiding Allow the GNSS enough time to perform a fix AT UGRMC SGLRMC 151519 00 A 4542 84409 Read the last stored value of the NMEA RMC string N 01344 46705 E 0 082 28051 4 A 60 OK AT UGPS 0 OK Stop the GNSS Table 19 AT command example without aiding support UBX 13001849 R15 Early Production Information Aiding features Page 30 of 68 Qo ox Positioning Implementation Application Note 4 2 Using GNSS with Local Aiding support When the local aiding is enabled the cellular module automatically saves GNSS related data position time ephemerides a
60. e last value of that particular NMEA string If the storing of a particular NMEA string was not activated the information text response to the query will be O NULL The last value of a specific NMEA string is stored in RAM and is made available even after GNSS switch off The NMEA standard differentiates between GPS GLONASS and multi GNSS receivers using a different Talker ID Depending upon device model and system configuration the u blox receiver could output messages using any one of these Talker IDs By default the receivers configured to support GPS SBAS and QZSS use the GP Talker ID receivers configured to support GLONASS use the GL Talker ID receivers configured to support BeiDou use the GB Talker ID and receivers configured for any combinations of multiple GNSS use the GN Talker ID Even if the NMEA specification indicates that the GGA message is GPS specific u blox receivers support the output of a GGA message for each of the Talker IDs When reading an NMEA message if the information text response is 1 Not available then the storing of the NMEA string is activated but this information has not been still sent to the user if this persist check that the relative NMEA message is enabled To enable it use the UGUBX command for further information see the UBX CFG MSG message in the u blox GNSS Protocol Specification E For a complete list of supported NMEA strings as well as the corresponding commands description
61. e the best performance for Hybrid positioning and CellLocate ee 3G modules always operate in full scan mode unless they are forced to work in 2G only RAT 6 4 2 AT ULOCAID AT ULOCAID command lets the user application provide to the CellLocate service information that may be useful for The computation of the best solution knowing the dynamics of the device direction speed may help in changing the weights given to different solution candidates The robustness of the solution provided some of the solution candidate may be un compatible with the possible position evolution of the device The user has the possibility to specify its state position and velocity at a given time This information will be sent to the server only with the next ULOC command Gg Using ULOCAID command will increase the total amount of data sent with ULOC command by 24 bytes The module state may be retrieved from Independent sensors user application must specify epoch position and speed vector Previous CellLocate multi hypotheses user application must specify the index of the hypothesis known to be the correct one 6 4 3 AT ULOCIND AT ULOCIND command enables URCs sending in the case of ULOC operations The URC returns the result of the steps of an ULOC operation UBX 13001849 R15 Early Production Information Hybrid positioning and CellLocate Page 52 of 68 biox 6 5 AT command examples Command AT UGSRV cell livel s
62. e u blox 6 platform and any 1 8 V GNSS receiver of the u blox 7 or later platform with TCXO The power saving configuration can be enabled to properly supply by V INT output any 1 8 V GNSS receiver of the u blox 7 or later platform without TCXO Additional filtering may be needed to properly supply an external LNA depending on the characteristics of the used LNA adding a series ferrite bead and a bypass capacitor e g the Murata BLM15HD182SN1 ferrite bead and the Murata GRM1555C1H220J 22 pF capacitor at the input of the external LNA supply line u blox GNSS LISA U series 1 8 V receiver V_BCKP V_BCKP 1v8 DE n TP VCC i RM v iNT Toa R6 R5 1v8 1v8 X GNSS supply enabled GPIO2 GNSS data ready GPIO3 i EXTINTO GNSS RTC sharin GPIO4 i i R4 Figure 4 Application circuit for LISA U series modules and u blox 1 8 V GNSS receivers using V_INT as supply source Reference Description Part Number Manufacturer R1 R2 R4 4 7 kQ Resistor 0402 5 0 1 W RC0402JR 074K7L Yageo Phycomp R3 47 kQ Resistor 0402 596 0 1 W RC0402JR 0747KL Yageo Phycomp R5 10 kQ Resistor 0402 596 0 1 W RC0402JR 0710KL Yageo Phycomp R6 100 kQ Resistor 0402 596 0 1 W RC0402JR 07100KL Yageo Phycomp T1 P Channel MOSFET Low On Resistance IRLML6401 International Rectifier or NTZS3151P ON Semi T2 NPN BJT Transistor BC847 Infineon C1 100 nF Capacitor Ceramic X7R 0402 1096 16 V GRM155R71C104KA01 Murata Tabl
63. ead of using an external voltage regulator as shown in Figure 8 The V_INT supply is able to withstand the maximum current consumption of these positioning receivers The internal switching step down regulator that generates the V_INT supply is set to 1 8 V typical when the SARA G340 SARA G350 cellular module is switched on and it is disabled when the module is switched off The supply of the u blox 1 8 V GNSS receiver can be switched off using an external p channel MOSFET controlled by the GPIO2 pin by means of a proper inverting transistor as shown in Figure 9 providing the GNSS supply enable function If this feature is not required the V INT supply output can be directly connected to the u blox 1 8 V GNSS receiver so that it will be switched on when V_INT output is enabled The V_INT supply output provides low voltage ripple up to 15 mVpp when the module is in active mode or in connected mode but it provides higher voltage ripple up to 90 mVpp when the module is in the low power idle mode with power saving configuration enabled by AT UPSV see the u blox AT Commands Manual 1 According to the voltage ripple characteristic of the V INT supply output The power saving configuration cannot be enabled to use V INT output to properly supply any 1 8 V GNSS receiver of the u blox 6 platform and any 1 8 V GNSS receiver of the u blox 7 or later platform with TCXO The power saving configuration can be enabled to use V INT output to pr
64. ectual property rights Reproduction use modification or disclosure to third parties of this document or any part thereof without the express permission of u blox is strictly prohibited The information contained herein is provided as is and u blox assumes no liability for the use of the information No warranty either express or implied is given including but not limited with respect to the accuracy correctness reliability and fitness for a particular purpose of the information This document may be revised by u blox at any time For most recent documents please visit www u blox com Copyright 2015 u blox AG UBX 13001849 R15 Page 2 of 68 Qo Ox Positioning Implementation Application Note Preface u blox Technical Documentation As part of our commitment to customer support u blox maintains an extensive volume of technical documentation for our products In addition to our product specific technical data sheets the following manuals are available to assist u blox customers in product design and development AT Commands Manual This document provides the description of the AT commands supported by u blox cellular modules System Integration Manual This document describes u blox cellular modules from the hardware and the software point of view It provides hardware design guidelines for the optimal integration of the cellular module in the application device and it provides information on how to set up production and fina
65. eded for data transfer every 40 GSM frames in this case the cellular module will be kept out of the low power idle mode for an extra 2096 8 40 2 264 bytes are sent by the GNSS receiver and read by the cellular module every 200 ms so that 5 GSM frames are needed for data transfer every 40 GSM frames in this case the cellular module will be kept out of the low power idle mode for an extra 12 5 5 40 The GNSS data ready function improves the cellular module s power consumption because it avoids polling the DDC l C bus when no GNSS data is available if the AT UGPRF command enables this function refer to u blox AT commands manual 1 for more details the cellular module will be kept out of the low power idle mode only when the GNSS data is updated Using the GNSS data ready function with the two different GNSS message configurations and the GNSS update rate defined above the cellular module current consumption will be affected as following 1 476 bytes are sent by the GNSS receiver and read by the cellular module every 1 s so that 8 GSM frames are needed for data transfer every 200 40 x 5 GSM frames in this case the cellular module will be kept out of the low power idle mode for an extra 496 2096 5 2 264 bytes are sent by the GNSS receiver and read by the cellular module every 1 s so that 5 GSM frames are needed for data transfer every 200 40 x 5 GSM frames in this case the cellular module will be kept out
66. eiver could send wrong reading requests to the cellular module UBX 13001849 R15 Early Production Information GNSS input output Page 44 of 68 Qo ox Positioning Implementation Application Note 5 2 Multiplexer I O The cellular module FW supports the 3GPP TS 27 010 multiplexer protocol for more details refer to 3GPP TS 27 010 specifications 3 to emulate several virtual connection channels on a single physical interface to concurrently access the module e g it is possible to read a phonebook contact while receiving GNSS data e For more details on multiplexer implementation on cellular module refer to Multiplexer Implementation Application Note 2 The 6 virtual channel has been dedicated to GNSS tunnel data to the host On SARA G340 SARA G350 series the GNSS data flow on the multiplexer channel is only in output toward the cellular module the input to the GNSS receiver is not supported qj 4 u blox cellular modules provide the following virtual channels Channel 0 control channel Channel 1 5 AT commands data connection Channel 6 GNSS tunneling if available Channel 7 SAP SIM Access Profile if available 5 3 FS output A single log file saved on the FS is limited to 500 kB while the total FS usage for log files is limited to 750 kB When the FS nears its maximum capacity the file is closed and no other log file is created and no indication is sent However the string file truncated is appended to
67. er of positions and related network cells reported to the server If an area is well mapped then the position reported by the cellular sensor is more precise To fill the server database with the cell information of a given area a cellular module can be used to continuously perform the hybrid positioning requests An example of an AT sequence to implement a data collection unit is described below and it is divided into the initialization phase section 6 6 1 and the main loop section 6 6 2 6 6 1 Initialization Command AT UGSRV cell livel services u blox com cell live2 serv ices u blox com abcdefg890 abcdefg890ab 14 4 1 65 0 15 AT ULOCCELL 1 1 Track ID AT COPS 2 AT URAT 1 2 AT COPS 0 AT UPSD 0 1 YOUR_APN AT UPSDA 0 3 UBX 13001849 R15 Response OK OK OK OK OK OK OK Early Production Information Description Optional step only needed if the default server has been modified Full network scan configuration the track id is optional and it is only needed to verify that the module is contributing to the server Track ID is an example Optional step only for 3G module to scan both 2G and 3G network it is only needed if the default RAT has been changed Data connection configuration to communicate with the server YOUR APN is an example Activate the data connection Hybrid positioning and CellLocate Page 54 of 68 Qo Ox Positioning Implementation Application Not
68. ervices u blox com cell live2 serv ices u blox com abcdefg890 abcdefg890ab 14 4 1 65 0 15 AT UPSDA 0 3 AT ULOCCELL 1 AT ULOCGNSS 15 4 AT ULOCIND 1 AT ULOC 2 3 1 120 1 AT ULOC 2 3 1 120 100 AT ULOC 2 3 2 120 5 3 AT ULOC 2 3 2 120 5 3 UBX 13001849 R15 Response OK UULOCIND UULOCIND UULOCIND 0 0 1 0 4 0 UULOC 08 07 2015 12 47 41 0 0 45 7139302 13 7405056 265 07 Op Oy ly 8 2 ld O 0o UULOCIND 0 0 UULOC 08 07 2015 12 49 12 0 0 45 7137454 13 7404879 246 6 050 29 1 5 2 5 UULOCIND 1 0 UULOCIND 4 0 t 4 wot t o UULOCIND 0 0 UULOC 1 1 1 08 07 2015 12 5 35 000 45 7138312 13 740626 1255 4 0 49 26 6 2 22 UULOCIND 1 0 aat UULOCIND 4 0 UULOCIND 0 UULOCIND 1 UULOCIND 2 UULOCIND 3 0 UULOC 1 2 1 08 07 2015 12 5 23 000 45 7139213 13 740477 267 5 0 183 11 7 2 5 UULOC 2 2 2 08 07 2015 12 5 6 28 000 45 7138702 13 740461 6 0 45 7138702 13 7404616 12 12 0 50 45 7138702 13 7404616 48 48 0 95 UULOCIND 4 0 Early Production Information Positioning Implementation Application Note Description MGA access configuration A valid authentication token must be supplied to correctly access the MGA server GNSS sensor is configured with GPS GLONASS system for AssistNow Offline aiding 65 Activate the GPRS connection previously configured Configure for full network scan Enable all GNSS aiding mode
69. f the HTTP proxy or firewall so that overuse restrictions can be removed for this IP address Configure the HTTP proxy or firewall to append the actual source IP address of the request to the standard HTTP X Forwarded For header field If these conditions are met then overuse restrictions will be correctly applied to the source device rather than the HTTP proxy or firewall itself The users should communicate to their local IT network administrators to ensure this is the case UBX 13001849 R15 Early Production Information GNSS impact on module current consumption Page 64 of 68 Positioning Implementation Application Note Qhbiox H List of Acronyms Abbreviation Term Explanation Definition 3GPP 3rd Generation Partnership Project AT AT Command Interpreter Software Subsystem or attention CI Cell Identity DDC Display Data Channel DLC Data Link Connection FS File System FW Firmware GLONASS Globalnaya navigatsionnaya sputnikovaya sistema GNSS Global Navigation Satellite System GPRS General Packet Radio Service GPS Global Positioning System GSM Global System for Mobile Communication HTTP HyperText Transfer Protocol 2C nter Integrated Circuit MEI nternational Mobile Equipment Identity MSI nternational Mobile Station Identity LAC Location Area Code LES Location Estimation Service CC obile Country Code GA ulti GNSS Assistance NC obile Network Code NMEA National Marine Electronics Association QZSS Quasi Zenit
70. formation Aiding data enables the receiver to compute a position within seconds even under poor signal conditions For timings scenarios see the u blox Receiver Description document related to the u blox GNSS receiver 10 11 12 13 The basic command used to activate and deactivate the GNSS receiver from the cellular module is AT UGPS The first parameter allows switching on value 1 or switching off value 0 At the GNSS receiver power on through the AT UGPS command the aiding mode and the GNSS system must be properly configured through the second and third parameter respectively of the same command The GNSS aiding is a set of specific features developed by u blox to enhance positioning performance decreasing the TTFF and increasing the accuracy For more details see the u blox Receiver Description document corresponding to the related u blox GNSS receiver 10 11 12 13 u blox cellular modules support 4 different types of GNSS aiding Local aiding AssistNow Offline AssistNow Online AssistNow Autonomous The second parameter of AT UGPS command allows configuration of one or more assistance modes e g 4 for AssistNow Online or O if no aiding mode is required Once the GNSS receiver is powered on by the AT UGPS command aiding mode and GNSS system may be changed on a runtime basis by issuing a new AT UGPS command with different aiding and or GNSS system parameters If an AT UGPS command is issued to an already powered o
71. from the server fails the system will automatically retry the operation according to parameters specified through the AT UGAOF command In case of an error the GNSS is started anyway but no aiding is performed The retry parameters specified via AT UGAOF are applied also for the MGA server access connection The external application processor controlling the module should verify the validity period the detailed procedure is described below and download new AssistNow Offline data when needed This can be achieved by sending AT UGAOS 2 or simply deleting the alp or mga file before starting the GNSS receiver by means of the AT UDELFILE command It is also possible to manually store the AssistNow Offline data file on the FS with the AT UDWNFILE command For more details on AT commands description refer to u blox AT commands manual 1 or u blox CDMA AT Commands Manual 20 The application processor can also decide to download new AssistNow Offline data to increase performance e g substitute a 14 day validity file with a new one with 1 day validity after 5 days e Time and the date within the cellular module can be set using the following AT commands CCLK CTZU and UGMTR Refer to u blox commands manual 1 or u blox CDMA AT Commands Manual 20 for the commands descriptions LISA C200 series modules automatically default to the time and date specified broadcast by the CDMA network E To automatically download a new file from the se
72. g GNSS system activated UUGIND 1 0 URC reporting GNSS mode Local Aiding 1 and No error 0 AT UGRMC UGRMC 1 GNRMC 083310 00 Wait at least 15 minutes for ephemerides download A 4542 84584 N 01344 4644 5 E8 0 008 290514 D 66 O AT UGPS 0 O Stop the GNSS Table 20 Local Aiding AT command sequence UBX 13001849 R15 Early Production Information Aiding features Page 32 of 68 Qo ox Positioning Implementation Application Note 4 2 1 GNSS RTC sharing function ee See Table 3 to see which cellular modules support the GNSS RTC sharing function The GNSS RTC sharing function improves the positioning chip module performance decreasing the Time To First Fix TTFF and thus allowing position calculation in a shorter time and with higher accuracy When the GPS local aiding is enabled the cellular module automatically uploads data such as position time ephemeris almanac navigation database health and ionosphere parameters from the GNSS receiver into its local memory and restores this to the GNSS receiver at its next power up Since with the local aiding the cellular module also provides a reference time to the GNSS receiver the GNSS RTC sharing function can be enabled to improve the time accuracy for the GNSS receiver Through the RTC calibration process the cellular module can characterize its own RTC using the GNSS time basically sending two pulses to the GNSS EXTINTO pin and reading th
73. g a LISA U module to a u blox 1 8 V GNSS receiver and Table 6 lists the recommended components The SDA and SCL pins of the cellular module are directly connected to the corresponding pins of the u blox 1 8 V GNSS receiver with the appropriate pull up resistors connected to the 1 8 V GNSS supply rail providing data communication between the cellular module and the GNSS receiver The GPIO2 pin is connected to the active high enable pin or the active low shutdown pin of the voltage regulator that supplies the u blox GNSS receiver on the application board providing the GNSS supply enabled function A pull down resistor is mounted on the GPIO2 line to avoid switching on the GNSS receiver when the cellular module is switched off and its digital pins are tri stated The GPIO3 pin is connected to the data ready output of the u blox GNSS receiver the TxD1 pin of the u blox GNSS receiver on the application board providing the GNSS data ready function The GPIO4 pin is connected to the synchronization timing input of the u blox GNSS receiver the EXTINTO pin of the GNSS receiver on the application board providing the GNSS RTC sharing function An external pull down resistor is mounted on the GPIOA line for correct GNSS RTC sharing function implementation The cellular module s V BCKP supply output is connected to the GNSS receiver s V BCKP backup supply input pin to supply its RTC and backup RAM when the VCC supply of the cellular module i
74. h Satellite System SV Satellite Vehicle TA Timing Advance TTFF Time To First Fix UART Universal Asynchronous Receiver Transmitter UBX u blox UDP User Datagram Protocol URC Unsolicited Result Code UBX 13001849 R15 Early Production Information GNSS impact on module current consumption Page 65 of 68 Qo Ox Positioning Implementation Application Note Related documents 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 E u blox AT Commands Manual Docu No UBX 13002752 u blox Multiplexer Implementation in cellular modules Application Note Docu No UBX 13001887 3GPP TS 27 010 Terminal Equipment to User Equipment TE UE multiplexer protocol Release 1999 u blox LEON G100 LEON G200 series System Integration Manual Docu No UBX 13002023 u blox LISA U series System Integration Manual Docu No UBX 13001118 u blox LEON G100 LEON G200 series Data Sheet Docu No GSM G1 HW 09001 u blox LEON G100 LEON G200 series Data Sheet for LEON 06 Docu No UBX 13001913 u blox LISA U1 series Data Sheet Docu No UBX 13002048 l C bus specification and user manual Rev 5 9 October 2012 NXP Semiconductors http www nxp com documents user manual UM10204 pdf u blox 5 Receiver Description Protocol Specification Docu No GPS G5 X 07036 u blox 6 Receiver Description Protocol Specification Docu No GPS G6 SW 10018 u blox 7 Receiver Description Protocol Specification
75. h the IC bus specifications the module pads of the bus interface are open drain output therefore pull up resistors must be used Since these pull up resistors are not mounted on the cellular module they must be externally provided and their values must conform to the C bus specifications 9 The signal shape is defined by the pull up resistors values and bus capacitance Long wires on the bus will increase the capacitance if this capacitance value is highly increased pull up resistors with nominal resistance value lower than 4 7 KQ should be used to match the l C bus specifications 9 regarding rise and fall times of the signals e Pull up resistors for the DDC lines must be connected to a proper supply voltage The nominal value of the resistors may differ depending on the u blox cellular module series e Capacitance and series resistance must be limited on the bus to match the IC specifications 9 the maximum allowed rise time on the SCL and SDA lines is 1 0 uis Route connections must be kept as short as possible The u blox cellular modules provide additional custom functions over GPIO pins to improve the integration with u blox positioning chips and modules GPIO pins can handle GNSS receiver power on off GNSS supply enable function The wake up of the cellular module from low power idle mode when the GNSS receiver is ready to send data GNSS data ready function The RTC synchronization signal to the GNSS receiver GNSS RTC
76. ioning is much better if GNSS is present Autonomous sensor the last known position if available with an accuracy that is degraded according to the elapsed time since then Once the sensors are configured and a position request is triggered the sensors are fully controlled by the cellular module The cellular module automatically switches the sensors on optimizes the power consumption drives the position estimate methods and aiding GNSS modes and outputs the estimated position together with its uncertainty Figure 22 and Figure 23 show the sequence of the exchanged messages between involved elements when Hybrid positioning or stand alone CellLocate methods are used UBX 13001849 R15 Early Production Information Hybrid positioning and CellLocate Page 47 of 68 Qo Ox Positioning Implementation Application Note GNSS Cellular MGA receiver module service HTTP POST GNSS aiding data UBX AID or UBX MGA INI messages GNSS aiding data UBX NAV POSLLH HTTP POST Figure 22 Hybrid positioning message sequence Cellular module UBX MGA INI POS_LLH MGA service HTTP POST Figure 23 Stand alone CellLocate message sequence e Stand alone CellLocate does not require a GNSS receiver and therefore is suitable for applications which do not require high positioning accuracy but where current consumption compactness and cost reduction must be reduced to a bare minimum Being cellular localization based
77. l product tests on application devices integrating the cellular module Application Notes These documents provide guidelines and information on specific hardware and or software topics on u blox cellular modules See Related documents for a list of application notes related to your cellular module How to use this Application Note This application note describes how to use the GNSS interface and control functionalities and aiding clients in u blox cellular modules The following symbols highlight important information within the application note ee An index finger points out key information pertaining to module integration and performance AN A warning symbol indicates actions that could negatively influence or damage the module Questions If you have any questions about u blox cellular modules please Read this application note and the available technical documentation carefully Contact our information service on the homepage http Awww u blox com Technical Support Worldwide Web Our website www u blox com is a rich pool of information Product information and technical documents can be accessed 24h a day By E mail If you have technical problems or cannot find the required information in the provided documents contact the closest Technical Support office To ensure that we process your request as soon as possible use our service pool email addresses rather than personal staff email addresses Contact details are at the end of th
78. lian networks with the accuracy figure reflecting the uncertainty e g 700 km in the case of Italy ee Where the time zone information is available LISA C200 modules shall narrow down the estimate further by using a central position of the current time zone The aiding data can be manually saved at any time from the GNSS to the cellular module by sending the command AT UGAOS 0 This operation is automatically performed when local aiding is enabled and the GNSS is switched off with AT UGPS 0 If the local aiding is enabled and the stored aiding data is obsolete more than 2 hours the GNSS receiver ignores it Just before the GNSS is switched off the local aiding data is saved overwriting the old data This operation requires a few seconds If the GNSS has been switched on without local aiding enabled when the GNSS is active and a fix has been calculated the application can trigger aiding data saving by sending AT UGAOS O Similarly the usage of local aiding can also be forced after GNSS startup by sending AT UGAOS 1 If GNSS related URC responses are activated by sending AT UGIND 1 the command AT UGAOS 1 triggers a response type UUGIND 1 x confirming that assistance data have been passed to the GNSS receiver If the GNSS receiver does not support multi GNSS system the GNSS related aiding data saved on cellular file system are in the form of UBX AID messages AID INI AID HUI AID ALM AID EPH If the GNSS receiver supports multi GN
79. lication circuit for the SARA G340 SARA G350 connection to a u blox 1 8 V GNSS receiver The SDA and SCL pins of the cellular module are directly connected to the corresponding pins of the u blox 1 8 V GNSS receiver with appropriate pull up resistors connected to the 1 8 V GNSS supply rail providing data communication between the cellular module and the GNSS receiver The GPIO2 pin is connected to the active high enable pin or the active low shutdown pin of the voltage regulator that supplies the u blox GNSS receiver on the application board providing the GNSS supply enabled function A pull down resistor is mounted on the GPIO2 line to avoid switching on the GNSS receiver when the cellular module is switched off and its digital pins are tri stated The GPIO3 pin is connected to the data ready output of the u blox GNSS receiver the TxD1 pin of the u blox GNSS receiver on the application board providing the GNSS data ready function The GPIOA pin is connected to the synchronization timing input of the u blox GNSS receiver the EXTINTO pin of the GNSS receiver on the application board providing GNSS RTC sharing function The cellular module s V BCKP supply output is connected to the GNSS receiver s V BCKP backup supply input pin to supply its RTC and backup RAM when the VCC supply of the cellular module is within its operating range and the VCC supply of the GNSS receiver is switched off This enables the u blox GNSS receiver to re
80. lmanac health and ionosphere parameters and information about the cell on which the cellular module is camped or registered before the GNSS shut down No data connection over the cellular network is required for local aiding The local aiding is activated setting the second parameter of AT UGPS to 1 AT UGPS 1 1 For more details see the u blox AT commands manual 1 or u blox CDMA AT Commands Manual 20 The aiding data is saved in RAM at GNSS power off and it is copied to the cellular file system during cellular module power off At each GNSS receiver startup the location data is uploaded from the cellular module to the GNSS receiver Cg On LEON G SARA G3 LISA U1 series and LISA U2 prior to 03S product versions the data is copied into file system after GNSS receiver power off Assistance data stored in the cellular module s file system is not visible or accessible to the user ee On LEON G100 LEON G200 and SARA G340 SARA G350 series the space in the file system is reserved ee On LISA U1 LISA U2 LISA C2 and SARA U2 series the common file system space is used The local aiding algorithm uses the last known position and adjusts its accuracy according to the elapsed time However if the Cell ID has not changed the last known position is used with an accuracy figure of a maximum cell coverage radius 35 km If no information regarding the previous position is available a central position of the network is used e g Rome for Ita
81. n GNSS device with the same aiding mode and same GNSS system as the previously selected an error result code is returned For more details see u blox AT commands manual 1 or u blox CDMA AT Commands Manual 20 UGPS AT command ee On LEON G100 05S LEON G200 05S and previous version it is not possible to switch aiding mode while the GNSS receiver is active Each aiding mode is briefly described in the following sections For additional information see the u blox Receiver Description document related to the u blox GNSS receiver 10 11 12 13 Some common points No aiding mode is enabled by default when switching on the GNSS receiver it is necessary to specify the desired aiding mode s The GNSS systems mode parameter is optional If the connected GNSS receiver is a multi GNSS receiver then it is used to activate the required GNSS system otherwise it is ignored If the GNSS system mode is omitted for a multi GNSS receiver the default configuration GPS SBAS system is activated If a required GNSS system cannot be activated because it is not supported the GNSS system configuration saved in the receiver will be activated For further details on the default GNSS system configuration for a multi GNSS receiver see the u blox GNSS Protocol Specification The GNSS aiding modes can be combined to further increase performance additional details are provided in the section 4 5 Some assistance modes require a packet data connection to e
82. n pin of the voltage regulator that supplies the u blox positioning chip module on the application board ce On LEON G SARA G340 SARA G350 LISA C2 LISA U1 and SARA U2 LISA U2 prior to 03S product versions series it is not possible to use the GNSS if GPIO2 pin is not configured as GNSS supply enable function UBX 13001849 R15 Early Production Information Hardware architecture Page 9 of 68 Qo ox Positioning Implementation Application Note 2 2 1 GNSS data ready function ee See Table 28 to see which u blox positioning products support the GNSS data ready function The GNSS data ready function informs the cellular module that the GNSS receiver is ready to send data on the DDC IC interface If the cellular module is in low power idle mode and the power saving is enabled it wakes up to receive the data sent by the GNSS receiver The function optimizes the cellular module power consumption since it wakes up only when there is data ready from the GNSS receiver The GPIO3 pin is configured by default to provide the GNSS data ready function parameter lt gpio_mode gt of AT UGPIOC command set to 4 by default The pin senses when the u blox GNSS receiver connected to the cellular module is ready to send data by the DDC IC interface The pin is set as Input when the lt mode gt parameter of the UGPS AT command is set to 1 and the parameter GPS IO configuration of the UGPRF AT command is set to
83. nd the GNSS receiver Furthermore it is recommended not to configure the GNSS power saving with the tx data ready active because the GNSS receiver could send wrong reading requests to the modem When the GNSS receiver is turned off the last UBX string is not sent but saved in RAM and will be passed to the GNSS receiver This string should be used as configuration for GNSS data ready function This message is only used if the GNSS receiver HW is u blox 7 or above and the GNSS data ready function is enabled O On LEON G100 06x LEON G200 06S and previous versions the command AT UGUBX can be only used when the GNSS is used from the AT interface power on by AT UGPS 1 x this means the external configuration for GNSS data ready function is not supported UBX 13001849 R15 Early Production Information Software architecture Page 27 of 68 Qo Ox Positioning Implementation Application Note 4 Aiding features GNSS receivers alone cannot always provide instant position information because it is necessary to receive signals from at least four satellites to derive their precise orbital position data called ephemeris Under adverse signal conditions data download from the satellites to the receiver can take minutes hours or even fail altogether Assisted GNSS A GNSS boosts acquisition performance by providing data such as ephemeris almanac accurate time and satellite status to the GNSS receiver via mobile networks or previously stored in
84. nformation Aiding features Page 33 of 68 Qo ox Positioning Implementation Application Note access to the u blox server and for gathering anonymous statistics For further details on how to obtain a valid token refer to www u blox com services form html Configuration options in UGSRV include a primary and secondary server name The primary server name is the name of the preferred server to be contacted If the connection with the primary server fails the secondary server name will be used instead The MGA service is the preferred AssistNow service access for present and future GNSS receivers Configuration options in UGSRV are saved to non volatile memory NVM of the module so they are reloaded after a cellular power cycle The GNSS implementation in cellular module firmware includes both the AssistNow server access and the MGA AssistNow server access If an authentication token is defined in UGSRV configuration options then the GNSS aiding data is downloaded from the MGA server otherwise the GNSS aiding data is downloaded from the AssistNow servers UGAOF UGAOP If the connected GNSS receiver is a multi GNSS receiver then the assistance data can be downloaded only from MGA access in this case if the authentication token is not defined an error UUGIND lt aid gt 16 URC code is returned if AssistNow Offline Online aiding is requested with the UGPS command Cg LEON G LISA U LISA C series and SARA G3x0 00S SARA G350 00X pro
85. ng e g 1 km see the Figure 24 most likely the AS sensor position degraded or the GNSS one will be quickly returned if the time spent is below 30s u blox is extremely mindful of user privacy When a position is sent to the CellLocate server u blox is unable to track the SIM used or identify the specific device See the u blox AT Commands Manual 1 for the syntax description of AT ULOC AT ULOCCELL AT ULOCGNSS AT ULOCIND and AT ULOCAID commands The detailed response provides useful information about the sensor used to estimate the position When the sensor reported is 0 this means that the device has been able to calculate the position to sufficient accuracy immediately by means of the integrated AS Sensor and has output this immediate position estimate 6 3 GNSS sensor setup The AT ULOCGNSS command sets up the GNSS sensor for hybrid positioning It is possible to configure which aiding types and GNSS systems refer to section 4 are available to the GNSS sensor The additional parameters listed below are available for modifying the GNSS receiver behavior These are strictly related to the GNSS receiver The parameters are sent at GNSS power on and are not saved within the receiver The default values are the same as those on the positioning chip module For values and additional details about their effect refer to the u blox Receiver Description document related to the u blox GNSS receiver 10 11 12 13 UBX CFG PM2 mess
86. ng Implementation Application Note u blox cellular module 2 Automatic 3 Automatic aiding u blox GNSS via DDC IC receiver AssistNow data download 1 Enable AssistNow Micro Controller e 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 77 via UART Figure 17 AssistNow Online flow If no data socket is available then the GNSS receiver will start without aiding and the URC will provide an error result code If there is no response from AssistNow Online the cellular module will make three repeated attempts at intervals of 10 s 30 s and 60 s respectively The authentication for the u blox AssistNow Online Server eval1 les services u blox com is performed at the beginning of each access to the u blox AssistNow server by sending the information listed below Exclusive OR of IMSI and IMEI Home network code Information about the active and neighboring cells used by the cellular module Latency The authentication for the u blox MGA Server cell live1 services u blox com is performed by the verification of the authentication token when sending the HTTP request After a successful access and download of assistance data when a fix is available the cellular module provides the position information to the server for quality monitoring purposes If the server contacted is eval1 les services u blox com the following information is sent Exclusive OR of IMSI and IMEI Calculated position after aiding Position accuracy Number of SVs
87. nomous on u blox cellular modules The AssistNow Autonomous feature provides functionality similar to AssistNow without the need for a host and a connection Based on the known ephemeris the GNSS receiver can autonomously generate an accurate satellite orbit representation that is usable for navigation much longer than the underlying broadcast ephemeris was intended for The AssistNow Autonomous data is automatically and autonomously generated from downloaded or assisted broadcast ephemerides Data for the full constellation 32 satellites is stored on the host file system AssistNow Autonomous feature may be not implemented for a specific GNSS system in a multi GNSS receiver If AssistNow activation fails for any reason an error code is returned While AssistNow Offline data is available the AssistNow Autonomous subsystem will not produce any data and orbits because it would be redundant information As with Local Aiding data related to AssistNow Autonomous are saved within the cellular module FS but the file is not accessible or visible to the user For multi GNSS receiver Autonomous data is stored in the navigation database file so the activation of AssistNow Autonomous automatically activates local aiding also Cellular GNSS module receiver Poll Answer UBX MON VER AT UGPSz1 8 GNSS system UUGIND O GNSS system UBX MGA data UUGIND 1 0 UBX CFG NAVX5 enable aop UBX ACK ACK UUGIND 8 0
88. nstruments Table 16 Components for SARA U2 modules and u blox 3 0 V GNSS receivers application circuit UBX 13001849 R15 Early Production Information Hardware architecture Page 23 of 68 Qo ox Positioning Implementation Application Note 2 8 Jamming and EMC considerations When integrating a cellular module and a GNSS receiver in a single board be aware of the following possible issues that may affect the GNSS receiver Electro Magnetic Compatibility EMC In band and out band jamming effect EMC issues may arise in application board designs when harmonics of the cellular signals are radiated back through the GNSS antenna In a handheld type design an isolation of approximately 20 dB can be reached with careful placement of the antennas If such isolation cannot be achieved a SAW filter or a ceramic band pass filter in front of the GNSS receiver should be integrated in the application board to reduce EMC issues For further design in guidelines on how to prevent the generation of harmonics by cellular modules follow all the recommendations reported in the corresponding cellular module System Integration Manual 4 5 18 19 with particular attention to the module antenna RF interface and the module supply interface design In band jamming is caused by a signal with frequencies within or close to the GNSS constellation frequency used while out band jamming is caused by a very strong signal with frequencies different from the
89. of the low power idle mode for an extra 2 596 12 596 5 UBX 13001849 R15 Early Production Information GNSS impact on module current consumption Page 56 of 68 Qo Ox Positioning Implementation Application Note Appendix A Compatibility matrix A 1 GNSS data ready compatibility matrix GNSS Status Antaris Not supported Antaris 4 Not supported u blox 5 Not supported u blox 6 Supported from FW 7 and later firmware versions u blox 7 Supported but needs to be configured via UGUBX u blox M8 Supported but needs to be configured via UGUBX Table 28 GNSS data ready compatibility matrix As an example the command to configure the GNSS data ready on UART1 TX pin is AT UGUBX B5 62 06 00 28 00 01 00 00 00 DO 08 0000 00 E1 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 19 00 84 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 07 00 07 00 02 00 00 00 95 C3 Where the meaning is Bytes Meaning B5 62 UBX message header 06 00 CFG PRT message 28 00 essage length 40 bytes 01 Port UART 1 00 Reserved 00 00 xReady DO 08 00 00 UART mode 00 E1 00 00 Baudrate 00 00 n protocols none 00 00 Out protocols none 00 00 Flags 00 00 Reserved 00 Port I2C 00 Reserved 19 00 txReady enable pin 6 84 00 00 00 DCC Mode 00 00 00 00 Reserved 07 00 In protocols 07 00 Out protocols 02 00 Flags 00 00 Reserved 95 C3 Checksum Table 29 UGUBX parameter meaning UBX 13001849 R15 Early Production Information GNSS impact on module current c
90. ommand Start up the GNSS with GPS SBAS GLONASS systems and AssistNow Online aiding it will send network cell information to the server and receives aiding data for the GNSS URC reporting GNSS system activated URC reporting GNSS mode AssistNow Online 4 and No error 0 Stop the GNSS The AT UGIND 1 command enables the URCs A URC is sent when the AssistNow Online procedure is complete so the indication is provided after the GNSS fix and the notification to the server If an error is encountered during the AssistNow procedure the corresponding URC will report it Refer to the AT UGIND command description within the u blox AT Commands Manual 1 or u blox CDMA AT Commands Manual 20 Cellular module AT UGPSz1 4 GNSS system UUGIND 0 GNSS system UUGIND 4 0 Fix Infomation GNSS receiver Poll Answer UBX MON VER HTTP POST HTTP POST response UBX NIGA data UBX MGA data HTTP POST network scan MGA server Figure 18 Interaction between the cellular module and GNSS receiver with AssistNow Online support UBX 13001849 R15 Early Production Information Aiding features Page 39 of 68 VP biox 4 3 2 1 Latency Positioning Implementation Application Note The latency parameter is the expected time for data to arrive at the GNSS receiver from the server If there is a significant latency between the instant when the cellular module receives Assis
91. onsumption Page 57 of 68 CE Q biox Positioning Implementation Application Note A 2 GNSS RTC sharing compatibility matrix Not supported by LISA C2 series modules GNSS Status Antaris Not supported Antaris 4 Not supported u blox 5 Not supported u blox 6 Supported from FW 7 and later firmware versions u blox 7 Supported u blox M8 Supported Table 30 GNSS RTC sharing compatibility matrix A 3 AssistNow Autonomous compatibility matrix GNSS Antaris Antaris 4 u blox 5 u blox 6 u blox 7 u blox M8 Status Not supported Not supported Not supported Supported from FW 7 and later firmware versions Supported Partially supported refer to u blox Receiver Description 13 for any limitation Table 31 AssistNow Autonomous compatibility matrix UBX 13001849 R15 Early Production Information GNSS impact on module current consumption Page 58 of 68 biox Positioning Implementation Application Note B Cellular module and GNSS receiver compatibility matrix Table 32 summarizes compatibility between cellular modules and GNSS receivers Cellular module LEON G100 LEON G200 series LISA U1 series LISA U2 series LISA C2 series SARA G340 SARA G350 series SARA U2 series Positioning chips and modules u blox 5 u blox 6 u blox 7 u blox 6 u blox 7 u blox 6 u blox 7 u blox 6 u blox 7 u blox 6 u blox 7 u blox M8 u blox 6 u blox 7 u blox M8 Table 32 Cellul
92. operly supply any 1 8 V GNSS receiver of the u blox 7 or later platform without TCXO Additional filtering may be needed to properly supply an external LNA depending on the characteristics of the used LNA adding a series ferrite bead and a bypass capacitor e g the Murata BLM15HD182SN1 ferrite bead and the Murata GRM1555C1H220J 22 pF capacitor at the input of the external LNA supply line u blox GNSS SARA G340 1 8 V receiver SARA G350 V_BCKP V BCKP 1V8 BE n TP VCC t amp j 0 RE v INT Ta R5 1v8 1v8 X Na GNSS supply enabled WEB GPi02 SDA2 SCL2 TxD1 GNSS data ready ES GPIO3 GNSS RTC sharin EXTINTO Figure 9 Application circuit for SARA G340 SARA G350 modules and u blox 1 8 V GNSS receivers using V INT as supply source Reference Description Part Number Manufacturer R1 R2 4 7 kQ Resistor 0402 5 0 1 W RC0402JR 074K7L Yageo Phycomp R3 47 kQ Resistor 0402 5 0 1 W RC0402JR 0747KL Yageo Phycomp R4 10 kQ Resistor 0402 5 0 1 W RC0402JR 0710KL Yageo Phycomp R5 100 kQ Resistor 0402 5 0 1 W RC0402JR 07100KL Yageo Phycomp T1 P Channel MOSFET Low On Resistance IRLML6401 International Rectifier or NTZS3151P ON Semi T2 NPN BJT Transistor BC847 Infineon C1 100 nF Capacitor Ceramic X7R 0402 1096 16 V GRM155R71C104KA01 Murata Table 12 Components for SARA G340 SARA G350 and u blox 1 8 V GNSS receivers application circuit using V_INT as supply UBX 13001849 R15
93. ormation AssistNow Offline YES YES YES YES NO YES NO YES YES AssistNow Autonomous YES NO YES YES NO YES NO YES YES Introduction Page 7 of 68 Qo ox Positioning Implementation Application Note 2 Hardware architecture 2 1 General considerations Combining a u blox cellular module with a u blox positioning chip module gives designers full access to the GNSS receiver directly via the cellular module so that a second interface connected to the GNSS receiver is unnecessary Control messages are relayed to the GNSS receiver via a dedicated l C compliant DDC interface AT commands sent through an AT interface allow full control of the GNSS receiver from the host processor dz On LEON G100 LEON G200 LISA U1 LISA C200 and SARA G340 SARA G350 series modules the DDC IC interface is exclusively dedicated for connection to u blox GNSS receivers and cannot be used to control other peripherals only the AT UGPS command enables the DDC interface for more details see the u blox AT Commands Manual 1 Se The u blox cellular module s DDC interface pins i e the SDA and SCL pins must be properly connected to the DDC interface pins of the u blox GNSS receiver on the application board to take advantage of the embedded GNSS aiding features ee Support of the different types of embedded GNSS aiding features can vary depending on the u blox cellular module series and version See Table 2 For compliance wit
94. output of SARA U2 cellular modules can be used to supply a u blox 1 8 V GNSS receiver of the u blox 6 platform or any later u blox platform instead of using an external voltage regulator as shown in Figure 11 The V_INT supply is able to withstand the maximum current consumption of these positioning receivers The internal switching step down regulator that generates the V_INT supply is set to 1 8 V typical when the SARA U2 cellular module is switched on and it is disabled when the module is switched off The supply of the u blox 1 8 V GNSS receiver can be switched off using an external p channel MOSFET controlled by the GPIO2 pin by means of a proper inverting transistor as shown in Figure 12 providing the GNSS supply enable function If this feature is not required the V INT supply output can be directly connected to the u blox 1 8 V GNSS receiver so that it will be switched on when V_INT output is enabled The V_INT supply output provides low voltage ripple up to 15 mVpp when the module is in active mode or in connected mode but it provides higher voltage ripple up to 90 mVpp when the module is in the low power idle mode with power saving configuration enabled by AT UPSV see the u blox AT Commands Manual 1 According to the voltage ripple characteristic of the V INT supply output The power saving configuration cannot be enabled to use V INT output to properly supply any 1 8 V GNSS receiver of the u blox 6 platform and any 1 8 V
95. r module is disabled If the cellular module transmits the GNSS information over the air by e g data connection the data transmission significantly increases the cellular module power consumption To evaluate the current consumption for the cellular module not including the GNSS receiver the GNSS update rate has been set to 1 s and the GNSS task has been configured for no data output e g writing on the FS two different GNSS message configurations have been used 1 Standard configuration 2 Only UBX NAV SOL and UBX NAV SVINFO messages It is possible to perform a rough estimate of the cellular module power consumption due to the DDC C communication based on the amount of data sent by the GNSS receiver The DDC interface is configured to 100 kHz this means that the cellular module will read about 60 bytes during each GSM frame The cellular module reads the GNSS registry by the DDC interface every 200 ms 40 GSM frames this is the default polling mode with the GNSS data ready function not enabled for the cellular module that reads the data from the DDC interface even if the GNSS receiver has no data to communicate Using the default DDC polling mode with the two different GNSS message configurations and the GNSS update rate defined above the cellular module current consumption will be affected as following 1 476 bytes are sent by the GNSS receiver and read by the cellular module every 200 ms so that 8 GSM frames are ne
96. racy provided by CellLocate when indoors is sufficient to establish at which depot the device is located 2 Alert applications where the users want to report their location even if they go indoors Best performance is achieved in such applications by periodic hybrid position requests by the user s device to maintain a current estimate of the environment and so give an excellent ability to respond with an accurate location in the event of an alert 3 Localized operations where the position awareness is desired over a small locality or site such as a hospital or village In this type of operation the locality to be covered can be surveyed prior to usage by walking around the region doing periodic hybrid position requests and thereby gathering detailed information on the cellular environment by CellLocate for use in the application Hybrid positioning can also be configured to provide multiple position estimates one solution from the GNSS receiver if available plus N solutions from CellLocate These may be useful in locations where The visibility of the GNSS satellite is severely disturbed attenuated and the accuracy of the GNSS solution would be highly degraded The area on interest is not densely populated in the CellLocate database and as a result there are some solutions that may be equivalently good solutions If the customer s equipment has independent sensors accelerometers gyroscopes magnetometers it may help in selecting
97. rver the following conditions need to be satisfied o Active packet data connection o GNSS receiver on o AssistNow Offline aiding enabled o The AssistNow Offline aiding file is expired or nearing expiration less than 10 of validity time left ee On LEON G100 05S LEON G200 05S and previous versions it is not possible to automatically download the file from the server The external application processor should perform the command sequence as follows 1 Decide a validity period of n days and store the current date somewhere it is also possible to use the renamed file in the FS to derive the assistance file validity 2 AssistNow server access Use the AT UGAOF command to select the file to download by setting the appropriate URL i e http alp u blox com current_14d alp for two weeks Or http alp u blox com current_1d alp for one day OR UBX 13001849 R15 Early Production Information Aiding features Page 35 of 68 Qo Ox Positioning Implementation Application Note 2 MGA server access Use the AT UGSRV command to select the period and resolution of aiding data to download 3 Start the GNSS in AssistNow Offline mode e g AT UGPS 1 2 for more details refer to u blox AT commands manual 1 or u blox CDMA AT Commands Manual 20 4 Before each subsequent GNSS startup in AssistNow Offline mode check if the Assistance data file is still valid current date download_date lt validity period 5 If the file i
98. s The GPIO2 pin is connected to the active high enable pin of the external voltage regulator that supplies the u blox 3 0 V GNSS receiver to enable or disable the 3 0 V GNSS supply As the GPIO3 and GPIOA pins of the LISA C200 modules are not compatible with 3 0 V logic levels the connection to the related pins of the u blox 3 0 V GNSS receiver must be provided using a proper Unidirectional General Purpose Voltage Translator e g TI SN74AVC2T245 which additionally provides the partial power down feature so that the 3 0 V GNSS supply can be also ramped up before the V INT 1 8 V cellular supply The V INT supply output of the cellular module is directly connected to the V BCKP backup supply input of the u blox 3 0 V GNSS receiver as in the application circuit for a u blox 1 8 V GNSS receiver 3 0 V receiver u blox GNSS LISA C200 ve V BCKP 3vo GNSS LDO Ex Regulator VMAIN VCC 4 4 OUT IN GNSS supply enabled ap SHDN 4 9 R M GPIO2 GND Ul I2C bus Bidirectional Voltage Translator VCCB VCCA OE V INT SDAB SDAA Ea SDA SCL_B SCLA SDA2 SCL2 U2 Unidirectional 3vo Voltage Translator 1v8 dL VCCA VCCB A I Tes DIR1 TxD1 1 B1 GPIO3 EXTINTO 4 3 2 B2 DIR2 OE GPIO4
99. s and set the minimum number of satellites for navigation to 4 Enables the localization information request status Start hybrid positioning enabling both GNSS and cellular sensor with a timeout of 2 minutes and a desired accuracy of 1 m The answer mode is detailed Network scan started Network scan finished A valid GNSS position was available so this position cells footprint is sent to the server Output when the desired accuracy is reached or timeout is expired as in this case Start hybrid positioning enabling both GNSS and cellular sensor The answer mode is detailed Accuracy is reached uncertainty is 36 m before the end of network scan therefore the CellLocate server is not queried Network scan finished A valid GNSS position was available so this position cells footprint is sent to server Start hybrid positioning enabling both GNSS and cellular sensor Multiple hypotheses max 3 have been requested Network scan started Accuracy is reached uncertainty is 4 m before the end of network scan therefore the CellLocate server is not queried A valid GNSS position was available so this position cells footprint is sent to server Sending position cells footprint to server Start hybrid positioning enabling both GNSS and cellular sensor Multiple hypotheses max 3 have been requested Network scan started Network scan finished Requesting CellLocate service accuracy wa
100. s no longer valid delete it from the FS using the command AT UDELFILE 6 Start the GNSS in AssistNow Offline mode AT UGPS 1 2 i On LISA C200 series modules the UPSD and UPSDA AT commands are not required The data connection shall automatically be set up Command Response Description AT UGAOF UGAOF http alp u blox co Check the AssistNow Offline configuration needed only m current 14d alp 0 1 3 if there is no almanac file in the FS The validity of the O assistance data is given by the file name deprecated access AT UGSRV UGSRV cell livel services Check the AssistNow configuration for MGA access u blox com cell live2 servi needed only if there is no almanac file in the FS The ces u blox com 123456789012 validity of the assistance data is given by period 34567890AB 14 4 1 65 0 15 option A valid authentication token must be supplied o to correctly access the MGA server If the token is not defined and the connected GNSS receiver is a Single GNSS then the AssistNow server UGAOF will be used on following AssistNow Offline request AT UGIND 1 OK Activate the unsolicited aiding result AT UPSD 0 1 web omnitel it OK Set up the connection profile with the APN specified by the network operator AT UPSDA 0 3 OK Activate the GPRS connection needed only if there is no valid almanac file in the FS AT UGPS 1 2 67 OK Start the GNSS with GPS SBAS GLONASS systems and AssistNow Offline aiding If
101. s not reached when network scan ended so the server is queried Receiving CellLocate data GNSS solution and up to N CellLocate solutions are provided If available Sending position cells footprint to server Hybrid positioning and CellLocate Page 53 of 68 biox Command AT ULOCAID 1 AT ULOC 2 3 2 120 5 3 AT ULOCAID 0 08 07 2015 13 03 32 000 45 23456 11 12 345 1300 789 34 34 121 Positioning Implementation Application Note Response OK OK UULOCIND 0 0 UULOCIND 1 0 UULOCIND 2 0 UULOCIND 3 0 UULOC 1 2 1 08 07 2015 13 0 3 23 000 45 7138304 13 740609 9 266 5 0 0 9 7 2 5 UULOC 2 2 2 08 07 2015 13 0 2 31 000 45 7138702 13 740461 6 0 45 7138702 13 7404616 16 16 0 50 45 7138702 13 7404616 68 68 0 95 UULOCIND OK 4 0 Description Select between one of the multi hypotheses of a previous position request Start hybrid positioning enabling both GNSS and cellular sensor Multiple hypotheses max 3 have been requested The position estimation s returned by server will take count of the previous choice made by user application ULOCAID 1 Network scan started Network scan finished Requesting CellLocate service Receiving CellLocate data Sending position cells footprint to server Specify the state position and velocity of the device at a given time 6 6 How to implement a data collection unit The CellLocate performance is influenced by the numb
102. s within its operating range and the VCC supply of the GNSS receiver is switched off This enables the u blox GNSS receiver to recover from a power outage with either a hot start or a warm start depending on the duration of the GNSS VCC outage and to maintain the configuration settings saved in backup RAM u blox GNSS LISA U series 1 8 V receiver V BCKP 4 V BCkP GNSSLDO 1va Regulator VMAIN vcc 4 OUT IN a GNSS supply enabled T C1 SHDN GPIO2 B GND U1 R3 GNSS data read i ata reacy GPIO3 GNSS RTC sharing i EXTINTO GPIO4 R4 I Figure 3 Application circuit for LISA U series modules and u blox 1 8 V GNSS receivers Reference Description Part Number Manufacturer R1 R2 R4 4 7 kQ Resistor 0402 5 0 1 W RC0402JR 074K7L Yageo Phycomp R3 47 kQ Resistor 0402 5 0 1 W RC0402JR 0747KL Yageo Phycomp U1 Voltage regulator for GNSS receiver See GNSS receiver Hardware Integration Manual Table 6 Components for LISA U series modules and u blox 1 8 V GNSS receivers application circuit UBX 13001849 R15 Early Production Information Hardware architecture Page 13 of 68 Qo Ox Positioning Implementation Application Note Figure 4 illustrates an alternative solution as supply for a u blox 1 8 V GNSS receiver the V_INT supply output of LISA U series
103. se AssistNow Offline in ULOCGNSS set aiding to 2 to limit the data exchange between the module and the server because the network scan is very sensitive to the data traffic Start the hybrid positioning by enabling both GNSS and CellLocate sensors The suggested values are o timeout 120 s for low dynamic or 60 s for high speed highway o accuracy 100m With these values the suggested command is AT ULOC 2 3 1 120 100 The CellLocate performance depends on how much the database is populated submitting new fixes will improve the CellLocate overall performance Positions submitted to the u blox database are anonymous so it is impossible to retrieve the real identity of a device If the CellLocate service must be tested a tag is suggested to ease the debugging from the u blox side o AT ULOCCELL 1 1 Tag_ID UBX 13001849 R15 Early Production Information GNSS impact on module current consumption Page 63 of 68 Qo Ox Positioning Implementation Application Note G CellLocate customer proxy server The proxy server implementation for the devices using HTTP is very straightforward The customer s proxy server must listen on port 80 for HTTP and once a request is received just forward it on to the u blox CellLocate HTTP service without token acknowledgement e The products using the HTTP interface are the ones implementing the command UGSRV see the u blox AT Commands Manual 1 The port 80 the defaul
104. sharing function Gg Support of the different additional functionalities configured by the cellular module s GPIOs can vary depending on the u blox cellular module series and version See the following section 2 2 The hardware connections of different u blox cellular modules and u blox GNSS receivers are described in detail in the sections 2 3 2 4 2 5 2 6 and 2 7 while jamming and EMC considerations are illustrated in section O For further design in information see the corresponding cellular module System Integration Manual 4 5 18 19 and the corresponding u blox GNSS receiver Hardware Integration Manual UBX 13001849 R15 Early Production Information Hardware architecture Page 8 of 68 Qo Ox Positioning Implementation Application Note 2 2 GPIO functions compatibility matrix On u blox cellular modules GPIO pins can be conveniently configured to provide GNSS custom functions via the UGPIOC AT command The custom functions available can vary depending on the u blox cellular modules series and version Table 3 provides an overview of the GNSS custom functions supported by u blox cellular modules GNSS supply GNSS data GNSS RTC u blox cellular module Remarks enable ready sharing LEON G100 LEON G200 series YES YES YES except LEON Gx00 05S and previous versions LEON G100 05S LEON G200 05S YES NO NO The modules do not enter low power and previous versions idle mode when the DDC l C bus interface is enabled
105. sitions are sent to the server to update the database and maintain its accuracy 6 2 Basic functionality The two hybrid positioning sensors GNSS and CellLocate are configured using AT commands sensor configurations are explained later When the ULOC AT command triggers the sensor the cellular module drives the position calculation process and provides the position estimate based on the sensor combination that best fulfills the user requirements previously configured e Hybrid positioning and communication with the GNSS receiver through the cellular module see section 5 features are mutually exclusive and the activation of one of them requires the previous deactivation of the other one via AT UGPS command The hybrid positioning function performed by the AT ULOC command is controlled to meet the requirements of the particular application by the key parameters the desired target accuracy the timeout during which a position must be returned single or multiple hypotheses flag with the maximum number of hypotheses required When the timeout has expired or the required position accuracy is satisfied a URC provides the position together with its uncertainty Figure 24 shows the general flow of the hybrid positioning function producing a position estimate To avoid unnecessary activation of the sensors an initial check is carried out and when hybrid positioning is used and before starting up the allowed sensors GNSS and or cellular
106. stralia Pacific u blox Singapore Pte Ltd Phone 65 6734 3811 E mail info_ap u blox com Support support apQu blox com Regional Office Australia Phone 61 2 8448 2016 E mail info anzQu blox com Support support apQu blox com Regional Office China Beijing Phone 86 10 68 133 545 E mail info cnQu blox com Support support cnQu blox com Regional Office China Chongqing Phone 86 23 6815 1588 E mail info cnQu blox com Support support cnQu blox com Regional Office China Shanghai Phone 86 21 6090 4832 E mail info cnQu blox com Support support cnQu blox com Regional Office China Shenzhen Phone 86 755 8627 1083 E mail info cnQu blox com Support support cnQu blox com Regional Office India Phone 91 959 1302 450 E mail info inQu blox com Support support inQu blox com Regional Office Japan Osaka Phone 81 6 6941 3660 E mail info jpQu blox com Support support jpQu blox com Regional Office Japan Tokyo Phone 81 3 5775 3850 E mail info jpQu blox com Support support jpQu blox com Regional Office Korea Phone 82 2 542 0861 E mail info_kr u blox com Support support krGu blox com Regional Office Taiwan Phone 886 2 2657 1090 E mail info twQu blox com Support support twQu blox com Contact Page 68 of 68
107. t port for all HTTP connections must be opened if not already opened The HTTP is a connection oriented request response protocol whereas the UDP is connectionless This means once the client has sent a request to the server the connection remains open to the server and the client can receive the response from it Hence every request is managed against the device without any problem unlike UDP where the user needs to ensure the requests are going to the correct device etc er See the CellLocate customer proxy server application note WLS SW 11001 that describes the UDP proxy implementation for products not supporting HTTP u blox reccomends using the HTTP interface for all the products that support it As with most other Internet traffic the requests to the u blox services are standard HTTP requests If the requests originate from within a private network then configure a standard HTTP proxy or firewall to forward requests and pass back responses between the private network and the u blox services on the public Internet No special handling is needed as the requests are all standard HTTP requests The users should communicate to their local IT network administrators to correctly enable this access If the services are accessed via an HTTP proxy or firewall all the requests may appear to come from the HTTP proxy or firewall itself To avoid overuse restrictions being applied in this case follow these steps Inform u blox of the IP address o
108. tNow data and when it is received by the GNSS receiver this should also be added to the latency parameter E LEON G series GSMREQ AssistNow data Done only in case of latency outside of accuracy range AssistNow data AssistNow data Fix data GSMCNF Figure 19 AssistNow message flow between the cellular module and the server UBX 13001849 R15 Early Production Information AssistNow server On LEON G series if the latency varies excessively from the predicted value then the cellular module will send a new aiding request with an adjusted latency The server sets the time accuracy field within the AssistNow data to half of the reported latency For example with a latency of 500 ms the AssistNow server adjusts the time in the data by 500 ms and sets the accuracy value in the AssistNow UBX data to 250 ms With this value the GNSS receiver assumes that the given time is accurate to 250 ms Thus in this example if the measured latency between GSMREQ and AssistNow data received by the cellular module is between 500 ms and 1500 ms no new request is required GNSS receiver Aiding features Page 40 of 68 Qo Ox Positioning Implementation Application Note 4 4 Using GNSS with AssistNow Autonomous Support ee Refer to section A 3 for more details about the availability of AssistNow Autonomous on u blox GNSS receiver ee Refer to section 1 3 for more details about the availability of AssistNow Auto
109. tdown pin of the voltage regulator that supplies the u blox GNSS receiver on the application board providing the GNSS supply enabled function A pull down resistor is mounted on the GPIO2 line to avoid switching on the GNSS receiver when the cellular module is switched off and its digital pins are tri stated The cellular module s V BCKP supply output is connected to the GNSS receiver s V BCKP backup supply input pin to supply its RTC and backup RAM when the VCC supply of the cellular module is within its operating range and the VCC supply of the GNSS receiver is switched off This enables the u blox GNSS receiver to recover from a power outage with either a hot start or a warm start depending on the duration of the GNSS VCC outage and to maintain the configuration settings saved in backup RAM u blox GNSS LEON Gx00 04S 3 0 V receiver LEON Gx00 05S V_BCKP 44 RAM v BckP GNSSLDO 3V0 Regulator VMAIN VCC l 4 OUT IN SHDN NSS supply enabled GPIO2 3vo 3v0 e 4 5 Wa U1 R3 R1 R2 SDA2 _ gt EI SDA SCL2 RE sc Figure 1 Application circuit for LEON Gx00 05S and LEON Gx00 04S versions and u blox 3 0 V G
110. the GGA string was not OK activated before its value cannot be read Table 17 NMEA string reading 3 4 Sending UBX strings via AT commands It is possible to send commands to the u blox GNSS receiver in proprietary UBX format through the AT interface UBX strings are encapsulated into AT UGUBX command for more details see the command description in u blox AT Commands Manual 1 or u blox CDMA AT Commands Manual 20 The UBX message must be in hexadecimal format spacing bytes is not mandatory although messages can include spaces to simplify copy paste from u center e g AT UGUBX B5 62 06 01 08 00 01 06 00 01 00 00 00 00 17 DA is equivalent to AT UGUBX B56206010800010600010000000017DA CE CE 4 The total length of the command AT UGUBX shall not exceed 108 bytes including spaces inserted in the UBX string If the message length is exceeded or if the command is wrong an error result code is issued Use of UBX CFG PRT command is not recommended since the cellular module can lose communication with the GNSS receiver In this case even if the command is correctly executed it is possible to receive an error indication due to the missing GNSS receiver answer The cellular module automatically calculates the UBX checksum before sending the message to the GNSS receiver It is recommended not to send ubx messages to reset the GNSS while it is in use This will cause a misalignment between the configurations of the modem a
111. the end of the log file If the positioning chip module is restarted a new file will be created if the total FS usage is not exceeded nu GNSS log files are visible within the user space and their name has the following format GPS YYYYMMDDHHMM YYYYMMDDHHMM is the date and time obtained from the system A generated log file overwrites any existing file with the same filename This may happen if the system time has been changed or the GNSS log is started twice in the same minute GNSS data is stored as it is received no data compression is performed e On LEON G100 LEON G200 series the log file names have the following format GPS_YYYYMMDD_nnn YYYYMMDD is the date while nnn is an incremental index On LEON G100 LEON G200 series there is no limit on the total FS usage for log files On LEON G100 LEON G200 series a truncated log files is not ended with file truncated string 4 5 4 OTA output The GNSS output can be redirected to a server via a data connection this communication is mono directional so it is not possible to send UBX commands to the positioning chip module receiver The TCP protocol is used to transport data e Except for LISA C2 series modules before starting this transfer mode a packet data connection must be properly set up UBX 13001849 R15 Early Production Information GNSS input output Page 45 of 68 Qo Ox Positioning Implementation Application Note 6 Hybrid positioning and CellLocate
112. the last characters of the filename indicate the validity of the almanac expressed in days Table 21 lists the Differential Almanac Correction files available on the u blox server and their approximate size UBX 13001849 R15 Early Production Information Aiding features Page 34 of 68 Qo ox Positioning Implementation Application Note File Name Validity Approximate Size current 1d alp 1 day 10 kB current 2d alp 2 days 20 kB current 3d alp 3 days 25 kB current 5d alp 5 days 40 kB current 7d alp 1 week 50 kB current 10d alp 10 days 70 kB current 14d alp 2 weeks 100 kB Table 21 Differential Almanac Correction files information If the AssistNow Offline data is downloaded from the u blox MGA server configuration options from AT UGSRV are used Offline aiding data is requested by means of a HTTP request containing also the authentication token to be verified by the server If the connected GNSS receiver is a Single GNSS then the days option determines the validity period of the Differential Almanac Correction data if the connected GNSS receiver is a multi GNSS then lt period gt lt resolution gt and GNSS types options determine the aiding data to be downloaded For more details on UGSRV command see the u blox AT commands manual 1 or u blox CDMA AT Commands Manual 20 The approximate size of an AssistNow Offline aiding file for a multi GNSS receiver is typically around 200 kB If the alp or mga file download
113. used TTFF If the server contacted is cell live1 services u blox com the position information is submitted by means of a HTTP POST The data payload sent from the module to the server during the AssistNow Online procedure is about 54 bytes during the authentication phase and about 35 bytes during the confirmation phase If the MGA server is used as assistance server the amount data for querying information is about 200 bytes Amount of aiding data downloaded from the server is variable er On LISA C200 series modules the UPSDA AT command is not required UBX 13001849 R15 Early Production Information Aiding features Page 38 of 68 Qo Ox Positioning Implementation Application Note Command Response AT UGAOP UGAOP evall les services u blox com 46434 1000 0 OK AT UGSRV UGSRV cell livel services u blox com cell live2 servi ces u blox com 123456789012 34567890AB 14 4 1 65 0 15 OK AT UPSDA 0 3 O AT UGPS 1 4 67 O UUGIND 0 67 UUGIND 4 0 AT UGPS 0 OK Table 23 AssistNow Online AT command sequence Description Check if AssistNow Online is configured Check the AssistNow configuration for MGA access A valid authentication token must be supplied to correctly access the MGA server If the token is not defined and connected GNSS receiver is a Single GNSS then the AssistNow server UGAOP will be used on following AssistNow Online request Activate the GPRS connection using the UPSDA AT c
114. ve low shutdown pin of the voltage regulator that supplies the u blox GNSS receiver on the application board providing the GNSS supply enabled function A pull down resistor is mounted on the GPIO2 line to avoid switching on the GNSS receiver when the cellular module is switched off and its digital pins are tri stated The GPIO3 pin is connected to the data ready output of the u blox GNSS receiver the TxD1 pin of the u blox GNSS receiver on the application board providing the GNSS data ready function The GPIOA pin is connected to the synchronization timing input of the u blox GNSS receiver the EXTINTO pin of the GNSS receiver on the application board as the GPIO4 hardware is designed to implement the GNSS RTC sharing function In the current software release this function is not enabled yet The cellular module s V INT supply output is connected to the GNSS receiver s V BCKP backup supply input pin to supply its RTC and backup RAM when the cellular module is switched on and the VCC supply of the GNSS receiver is switched off This enables the u blox GNSS receiver to recover from a power outage with either a hot start or a warm start depending on the duration of the GNSS VCC outage and to maintain the configuration settings saved in backup RAM u blox GNSS 1 8 V receiver V BCKP 4 KH v INT GNSS LDO Regulator vcc J ___ __ _ OUT
115. x and may also use assistance information and position estimate from the CellLocate service AT ULOC 2 Immediate position estimate Integrated AS processing Position estimate accuracy good enough Start timer TO Run allowed positioning sensors Position estimate Position estimate accuracy good enough or time TO elapsed Output position estimate Figure 24 Hybrid positioning flow diagram In due course the Hybrid positioning feature either produces a position fix with an uncertainty figure that is at least as good as that requested experiences a timeout in which case it reports the current best available estimate together with its uncertainty The behavior of the hybrid positioning feature is determined by the configuration of the sensors and of the setting of the accuracy and timeout parameters For example UBX 13001849 R15 Early Production Information Hybrid positioning and CellLocate Page 50 of 68 Qo ox Positioning Implementation Application Note 4 a 4j To get the best possible position fix set the desired accuracy very small e g 1 m and the timeout period duration long The hybrid positioning feature then runs to the end of the timeout period and produces the final best output position fix To get a position estimate with the minimum energy consumption for maximum battery life set a large desired accuracy figure for the hybrid positioni
116. xchange information with u blox servers UBX 13001849 R15 Early Production Information Aiding features Page 28 of 68 Qo ox Positioning Implementation Application Note When the GNSS receiver is switched on through the cellular module the OK result code is returned on the serial port once the communication is established If the GNSS does not respond within 5 s an error result code is issued in this case check the l C interface and the power supply pin connection Once the communication between cellular module and GNSS receiver is established on the I C interface the cellular module tries to perform the requested GNSS system activation for a multi GNSS receiver and aiding type In case of aiding failure e g no network coverage no data connectivity expired alp file etc the GNSS receiver operates without aiding ee The UUGIND URC provides the aiding notification in the form UUGIND lt aiding_mode gt lt result gt The allowed aiding results are available in section 4 6 The feature is disabled by default and is enabled via the dedicated command AT UGIND 1 for more details see the u blox AT Commands Manual 1 or u blox CDMA AT Commands Manual 20 e For a multi GNSS receiver the UUGIND URC provides notification for the activated GNSS systems in the form UUGIND 0 GNSS system The feature is by default disabled and can be enabled via the dedicated command AT UGIND 1 for more details see the u blox AT Commands Manual 1

GNSS Implementation in Cellular Modules - U-Blox

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