USER MANUAL - Audio General Inc.
Contents
1. Kramer Electronics Ltd USER MANUAL Format Interfaces Models FC 10 FC 10D FC 19 FC 4041C FC 4042 FC 4043 FC 4044 FC 4208 IMPORTANT Before proceeding please read paragraph entitled Unpacking and Contents KRAMER ELECTRONICS LTD PN 2900 004001 Table Of Contents Section Name 1 INTRODUCTION 1 1 A Word on Format Interfaces 1 2 Factors Affecting Quality of Results 2 SPECIFICATIONS 3 HOW DO I GET STARTED 4 UNPACKING AND CONTENTS 4 1 Optional Accessories 5 FORMAT INTERFACES 5 1 Getting to Know Your FC 10 5 2 Getting to Know Your FC 10D 5 3 Getting to Know Your FC 19 5 4 Getting to Know Your FC 4041C 5 5 Getting to Know Your FC 4042 5 6 Getting to Know Your FC 4043 5 7 Getting to Know Your FC 4044 5 8 Getting to Know Your FC 4208 6 INSTALLATION 6 1 Rack Mounting 7 CONNECTING TO VIDEO DEVICES 8 CONNECTING TO AUDIO DEVICES FC 4208 ONLY 9 USING THE MACHINES 9 1 Powering on the Machine 9 2 Composite YC Video Selection FC 19 FC 4043 FC 4044 only 9 3 Adjusting the HUE FC 4043 FC 4044 only 9 4 Looping FC 4041C only 9 5 Audio Level Control FC 4208 only 10 TYPICAL APPLICATIONS 10 1 Interfacing Between Two Video Formats 10 2 Using PC Graphics in YC Production 10 3 Typical Composite YC to Component RGB Conversion 10 4 Integrating a Composite RGB source Into a Composite YC Switcher 10 5 Audio Format Conversion 11 TAKING CARE OF YOUR MACHINE 12 TROUBLESHOOTING 12 1 Pow2. 50 60 Hz Ol PH 6 3 I SERIAL Tom HZ Vertical Interval Video Switcher vs 55V Component video source Composite Composite video source video Acceptor Figure 12 Integrating a Component RGB Source Into a Composite YC Switcher 10 5 Audio Format Conversion Professional audio usually requires balanced audio signals that are less prone to interference due to the differential signal setup When using unbalanced and balanced signals at the same setup amplification or attenuation is needed to match the levels An Audio Transcoder FC 4208 in this case can be used for this purpose and for signal conversion as well as shown in Figure 13 Perform the following steps as necessary 1 Connect one or more balanced audio sources to Channel 1 and Channel 2 XLR inputs of the FC 4208 2 Connect one or more unbalanced audio sources to Channel 1 and Channel 2 RCA inputs of the FC 4208 3 For unbalanced audio distribution connect the outputs of the machine to an audio distributor Kramer VM 50A for example 4 For balanced audio distribution connect the outputs of the machine to a balanced audio distributor Kramer VM 1110 for example Operate sources acceptors and your machine Use the front panel control functions if necessary see section 9 for more details An Kramer Electronics Ltd 19 Unbalanced to Balanced Level Controls crams Balanced to Unbalanced Level Contr
3. The FC 10 converts composite video signal to s Video YC thus enabling usage of computer generated graphics in professional YC productions as shown in Figure 10 Perform the following steps as necessary 1 Connect a composite video source to the CV IN BNC connector of the FC 10 2 Connect an YC acceptor to the YC OUT 4P connector of the FC 10 3 Operate source acceptor and the FC 10 Kramer Electronics Ltd 16 POWER 2 KRAMER Composite YC Transcoder FC 10 CV IN YC OUT YC IN CV OUT alle Composite Video Source Acceptor Figure 10 Using PC Graphics in YC Production 10 3 Typical Composite YC to Component RGB Conversion Figure 11 illustrates a typical set up of the Kramer format converters described in this manual incoming input signals from composite and YC s Video sources are converted by a Multistandard Decoder FC 4044 in this case to component and RGB output signals that are then sent to two different acceptors A Chroma Keyer Mixer may be connected in parallel to the RGB outputs in order to control the RGB display A mixer is a device used to combine video signals from two or more sources Synchronized inputs are mixed with each other and various special effects patterns and shapes are added in accordance with the proficiency of the video mixer being used Perform the following steps as necessary 1 Connect CV YC sources to the inputs FC 4044 in this case 2 Connect
4. satisfactory operation please consult your KRAMER Dealer 12 1 Power and Indicators No Power 1 Confirm that the rocker switch is in the ON position and that the lamp is illuminated 2 Confirm that power connections are secured at the machine and at the receptacle Make sure the mains receptacle is active FC 19 FC4041C FC 4042 FC 4043 FC 4044 FC 4208 or that the DC power supply is operational FC 10 FC 10D gt For the Mains operated models perform the following 1 If there is no power remove power cord from AC outlet and then using a flat head screwdriver remove the fuse holder located directly below the power connector on your machine 2 Confirm that the fuse is good by looking for the wire connected between the ends of the fuse If the wire is broken replace the fuse with another with the same rating gt For the DC operated models perform the following 1 Using a Philips screwdriver remove the 4 side screws attaching the machine s cover see below POWER K KRAMER OJ Composite YC Transcoder FC 10 Screws Screws Ol Screws PAL NTSC OO A 2 Locate the fuse holder inside your machine see Figure 14 Confirm that the fuse is good by looking for the wire connected between the ends of the fuse If this wire is broken replace the fuse with another with the same rating 3 Install cover by replacing the Philips screws Kr
5. as amplifiers or recorders may be connected to the machine through the RCA or and XLR type connectors located on the back of the machine USING THE MACHINES Powering on the Machine NOTES 1 The machine should only be powered on after all connections are completed and all source devices have been powered on Do not attempt to connect or disconnect any video audio or control signals to the machine while it is powered on 2 The socket outlet should be near the equipment and should be easily accessible To fully disconnect equipment remove power cord from socket 1 Toggle the switch on the far left front panel to the up position The switch will glow 2 Operate sources and the acceptors Composite YC Video Selection FC 19 FC 4043 FC 4044 only Selecting either Composite or Super video to be converted is simply done by using the Select CV YC switch FC 19 or the CV YC pushbutton FC 4043 FC 4044 Adjusting the HUE FC 4043 FC 4044 only The term HUE is often used synonymously with the term tint It is the dominant wavelength which distinguishes a color or tint as red or yellow etc Video hue is influenced by several factors Adjustment of the white balance of the camera quality of the electronic equipment which is being used and lighting of the scene In the American NTSC standard hue errors are more common than in the European PAL standard due to a different color encoding system The PAL system compensates for color
6. because of bad connections cable breaks or faulty sources the Video Tester is all you need Kramer Electronics Ltd 5 FORMAT INTERFACES This section describes all the controls and connections of your machine Understanding the controls and connections helps you realize the full power of your machine 5 1 Getting to Know Your FC 10 The KRAMER FC 10 Composite YC Transcoder is designed to interface between the two popular video formats Composite Video and YC Super Video Hardly any VCR or camcorder transcodes from Composite Video to Super Video although it is necessary when material shot in Composite is to be edited into a Y C production The Kramer FC 10 is very small and is fed from an external 12V DC supply excellent for fieldwork Front Rear panel features of the FC 10 are described in Figure 1 and Table 2 NOTE For operation instructions refer to section 9 POWER KRAMER Composite YC Transcoder FC 10 YC OUT oo bp i YC IN oo CV OUT Figure 1 FC 10 Front Rear Panel Features Table 2 FC 10 Front Rear Panel Features O re J e O O 5 CV OUT BNC connector Composite video output 6 12VDC feed connector A DC connector that allows power to be supplied to the unit Kramer Electronics Ltd 5 2 Getting to Know Your FC 10D The KRAMER FC 10
7. expenses for covered items We will not pay for the following 1 Removal or installations charges 2 Costs of initial technical adjustments set up including adjustment of user controls or programming These costs are the responsibility of the Kramer dealer from whom the product was purchased 3 Shipping charges HOW YOU CAN GET WARRANTY SERVICE 1 To obtain service on you product you must take or ship it prepaid to any authorized Kramer service center 2 Whenever warranty service is required the original dated invoice or a copy must be presented as proof of warranty coverage and should be included in any shipment of the product Please also include in any mailing a contact name company address and a description of the problem s 3 For the name of the nearest Kramer authorized service center consult your authorized dealer Kramer Electronics Ltd 24 LIMITATION OF IMPLIED WARRANTIES All implied warranties including warranties of merchantability and fitness for a particular purpose are limited in duration to the length of this warranty EXCLUSION OF DAMAGES Kramer s liability for any defective products is limited to the repair or replacement of the product at our option Kramer shall not be liable for 1 Damage to other property caused by defects in this product damages based upon inconvenience loss of use of the product loss of time commercial loss or 2 Any other damages whether incidental consequenti
8. the outputs to two different RGB component acceptors 3 Operate sources acceptors and your machine 4 Use the front panel control functions if necessary see section 9 for more details Kramer Electronics Ltd 17 Program Switches ces eve PAL_SECAM ash Ras He OO OOOO OO CO Multistandard Decoder Fc 4044 0 INPUTS cv vic oes PU OUTPUTS y 0609 TS BLUE SYNC out RED GiG s 230 VAC 50 60 Hz D SERIAL RGB Monitor ss 1 Com Re z a Composite Video 5 Video Source LS Source Jao EEEE Video Component Acceptor 000 RECON RTA EREE e am WIPE Mixer CHROMA KEY le of EDIT Figure 11 Typical PC Presentation Product Connections 10 4 Integrating a Composite RGB source Into a Composite YC Switcher It is sometimes necessary for pre edit purposes to switch a component video source alongside composite or Y C sources Some but not all of the component video sources include a composite or a Y C output In order to perform the above mentioned task a video encoder is needed in order to convert either YUV or RGB signals to composite and Y C signals as shown in Figure 12 Kramer Electronics Ltd 18 Ss INPUT SYNC FResicomp _BiackiGrS e O OO Fc 4041c QO Blue BY 230 VAC
9. 4 are described in Figure 7 and Table 8 NOTE For operation instructions refer to section 9 NTSC GIG S CV YC PAL SECAM 358 443 Multistandard Decoder Fo 4044 Cy OUTPUTS OUTPUTS RY RED GIGS BLUE 230 VAC 50 60 Hz Figure 7 FC 4044 Front Rear Panel Features Table 8 FC 4044 Front Rear Panel Features a a Power Switch Illuminated switch supplies power to the unit 2 G G S pushbutton Selects sync or sync on green on the G G S BNC connector 3 CV YC pushbutton Selects either composite video or YC input signal for conversion 4 PAL SECAM 3 58 4 43 Illuminated pushbuttons detect the existence of the following standards pushbuttons PAL SECAM NTSC 3 58 or 4 43 Pressing the buttons can force the decoder to accept the wrong standard and is therefore not recommended 5 HUE pushbuttons Active when NTSC is used 6 INPUTS CV BNC connector Composite video input INPUTS YC 4P connector YC input a OUTPUTS Y R Y B Y BNC Component video outputs connector 9 OUTPUTS RED G G S RGB outputs G or G S are selected via the G G S pushbutton BLUE connectors 10 OUTPUTS SYNC connector Composite sync output 11 Power Connector A 3 prong AC connector allows power to be supplied to the unit Directly underneath this connector a fuse holder houses the appropriate fuse Kramer Electronics Ltd 13 5 8 Getting to Know Your FC 4208 The KRA
10. C connector allows power to be supplied to the unit Directly underneath this connector a fuse holder houses the appropriate fuse Kramer Electronics Ltd 5 4 Getting to Know Your FC 4041C The KRAMER FC 4041C is a full broadcast state of the art Genlock RGB Component to Composite Video YC Encoder designed for studio and other demanding applications The FC 4041C encodes RGBS or Component Y R Y and B Y signals to Composite Video and Super Video signals All inputs are looped through with termination switches allowing for parallel connection to other RGBS Component acceptors From front panel switches the FC 4041C allows the user to select whether Sync is separate or riding on Green The user can also select whether to convert RGBS or Component signals to Composite and Y C The outputs are DC coupled and Black Level clamped Front Rear panel features of the FC 4041C are described in Figure 4 and Table 5 NOTE For operation instructions refer to section 9 230 VAC 50 60 Hz Figure 4 FC 4041C Front Rear Panel Features Table 5 FC 4041C Front Rear Panel Features Illuminated switch supplies power to the unit 2 Trimmers Adjustments or attempted adjustments of the trimmers are not allowed Failure to comply with this warning may damage the machine INPUT RGB Comp pushbutton __ Illuminated pushbutton selecting RGB or Component input ied SYNC Black G S pushbutton Illuminated pushbutt
11. C signal at the decoder input when pressed Not used 6 HUE pushbuttons Only active when NTSC is used for changing output picture hue 7 PAL SECAM 3 58 4 43 LEDS Illuminates the appropriate LED when one of the corresponding standards input signal is auto detected blinks when there is no input 8 INPUTS CV BNC connector Composite video input to the Decoder 9 INPUTS Y C 4P connector Y C input to the Decoder OUTPUTS Y R Y B Y BNC connectors INPUTS Y R Y B Y BNC connectors OUTPUTS YC 4P connector YC output from the Encoder OUTPUTS CV BNC connector Composite video output from the Encoder Power Connector Kramer Electronics Ltd Component video outputs from the Decoder Component video inputs to the Encoder A 3 prong AC connector allows power to be supplied to the unit Directly underneath this connector a fuse holder houses the appropriate fuse 12 5 7 Getting to Know Your FC 4044 The KRAMER FC 4044 Multistandard Decoder interfaces from Composite video and Y C to the most widely used professional video formats Component Video Y R Y B Y and RGBS In many video studios and production centers there is a need to convert from one format to the other and the KRAMER FC 4044 is the perfect choice as it operates in the most common standards PAL SECAM and NTSC both Decoding is microprocessor controlled via the internal I C bus Front Rear panel features of the FC 404
12. D Composite YC Comb Filter Transcoder was designed to interface between the two popular video formats Composite Video and YC Super Video The decoding from composite to Y C is done digitally using an adaptive comb filter and DSP techniques to minimize dot crawl and cross color A built in vertical enhancer circuit reduces noise and dot crawl on the Y signal In addition the FC 10D provides an independent Y C to Composite route for simultaneous bi directional operation The Kramer FC 10D is very small in size and is fed from an external 12VDC supply ideal for fieldwork Front Rear panel features of the FC 10D are described in Figure 2 and Table 3 NOTE For operation instructions refer to section 9 PAL NTSC Composite YC Comb Filter Transcoder FC 10D Figure 2 FC 10D Front Rear Panel Features Table 3 FC 10D Front Rear Panel Features Oe S e Power Switch Illuminated switch supplies power to the unit 2 Internal trimmers bottom accessible Not used Adjustments or attempted adjustments of the trimmers are not allowed Failure to comply with this warning may damage the machine 4 NTSC puskiuton Illuminated pushbutton selects NTSC system when presed 6 YC OUT 4P connector svip S SSS 8 CV OUT BNC comecior Composite video oup SCS SCS a 12VDC feed connector A DC connector that allows power to be supplied to the unit Kramer Electronics Ltd 5 3 Getting to Know Your FC 19 The KRAMER
13. FC 19 is an industrial level RGB Decoder which converts both Composite Video and Super Video to their RGB components Front Rear panel features of the FC 19 are described in Figure 3 and Table 4 NOTE For operation instructions refer to section 9 o POWER a K o KRAMER CO 6 RGB Decoder Fe19 C o INPUTS y 230 VAC Composite YIC Select SYNC BLUE VGA Multi 50 60 Hz A A A JOE m gep F FUSE J 606650666 Figure 3 FC 19 Front Rear Panel Features Table 4 FC 19 Front Rear Panel Features a S 1 Power Switch Illuminated switch supplies power to the unit 2 Internal trimmer bottom accessible Not used Adjustments or attempted adjustments of the trimmer are not allowed Failure to comply with this warning may damage the machine Composite BNC connector Composite video input 4 YC 4P connector s Video input 5 Select CV YC switch Selects either Composite or s Video to be converted 6 SYNC BNC connector Sync signal output 7 RED BNC connector RED signal output 8 GREEN BNC connector GREEN signal output 9 BLUE BNC connector BNC connector BLUE BLUE signal output 2 BLUE signal output 2 4 ae aa HD15 connector VGA type signal output horizontal sync frequency 15kHz no scan conversion 11 Power Connector A 3 prong A
14. MER FC 4208 Balanced Unbalanced Audio Transcoder is a bi directional versatile tool converting between the two most commonly used audio standards The machine allows gain or attenuation while transcoding to compensate for the 14dB change between IHF audio levels and the newly adopted balanced DAT input levels Very low noise and distortion components are used throughout the machine The FC 4208 has 4 balanced audio inputs on XLRs and 4 unbalanced audio outputs on the balanced to unbalanced channels and 4 unbalanced inputs and 4 balanced audio outputs on XLRs on the unbalanced to balanced channels Each set 8 all together has an individual level control for perfect matching Front Rear panel features of the FC 4208 are described in Figure 8 and Table 9 NOTE For operation instructions refer to section 9 IN IN IN IN 7 O p o oj 2 9 230 vac annel Channel ourc Channels _ Channel mers mel annei mal ilo he Figure 8 FC 4208 Front Rear Panel Features Table 9 FC 4208 Front Rear Panel Features D a 1 Power switch Illuminated switch supplies power to the unit 2 Unbalanced to Balanced Level Control the balanced audio level outputs Controls 3 Balanced to Unbalanced Level Control the unbalanced audio level outputs Controls IN Channel 1 4 XLR female Balanced audio inputs connectors Unbalanced audio outputs 6 Unbalanced audio inputs 7 Balanced audio outputs Power Connector A 3 prong AC c
15. RGBS or NTSC operation and s Video Y R Y B Y 10MHz 1dB 100 MHz 3dB Y C to CV Luma 10MHz 3dB Exceeding 12MHz Y gt 5 8 MHz CV to Y C PAL lt 3 Less than 0 5dB DCClamp OVE Black Level Differential 0 36 0 7 Y C to CV NTSC a Gain lt 0 1 Y C to CV lt 0 5 CV to Y C NTSC Luma S N 79dB gt 72dB in both directions 64dB mec DE I O O O S RGB Balance Less than 0 5dB a n I cede 16 5 x 12 x 4 5 cm 16 5 x 12 x 4 5 cm 48 x 17 8 x 1U cm 48 x 17 8 x 1U cm 6 5 x 4 7 x 1 8 6 5 x 4 7 x 1 8 19 x7 x 1U 19 x 7 x 1U 0 6kg 1 3lbs Approx 0 64 kg 1 4 Ibs Approx _ 2 5kg 5 5 lbs Approx 2 6kg 5 8lbs Approx Power Source 12VDC 110mA 12VDC 200mA 230 VAC 50 60 Hz 230 VAC 50 60 Hz LISVAC U S A 12VA LISVAC U S A 6 VA Kramer Electronics Ltd SPECIFICATIONS Continued Ll FC 4042 FC 4043 FC 4044 FC 4208 Configuration Configuration Transcoder Transcoder Decoder Audio Transcoder Inputs 1 component Y R Y Decoder 1 Composite video 1 Composite video 1Vpp 75 4 balanced 4dBm B Y 1V 0 7V 0 7 Vpp 1 Vpp 75 ohms on a BNC ohms on a BNC SOkohm on female XLRs 75ohm 1 s Video 1Vpp 750hm Y 1 s Video 1Vpp 75ohm Y 4 unbalanced 1Vpp 1 RGBS 0 7Vpp 0 3Vpp 75ohm C on a 4P 0 3Vpp 750hm C ona4P 50kohm on RCAs 75ohm for 100 connector connector saturation on BNCs Encoder 1 Y R Y B Y 1V 0 7V 0 7 Vpp 75ohm on BNCs Out
16. al or otherwise Some countries may not allow limitations on how long an implied warranty lasts and or do not allow the exclusion or limitation of incidental or consequential damages so the above limitations and exclusions may not apply to you This warranty gives you specific legal rights and you may also have other rights which vary from place to place NOTE All products returned to Kramer for service must have prior approval This may be obtained from your dealer NOTICE This equipment has been tested to determine compliance with the requirements of EN 50081 Electromagnetic compatibility EMC generic emission standard Part 1 Residential commercial and light industry EN 50082 Electromagnetic compatibility EMC generic immunity standard Part 1 Residential commercial and light industry environment CFR 47 FCC Rules and Regulations Part 15 Radio frequency devices Subpart B Unintentional radiators CAUTION gt Servicing the machines can only be done by an authorized Kramer technician Any user who makes changes or modifications to the unit without the expressed approval of the manufacturer will void user authority to operate the equipment gt Use the supplied AC power cord when applicable to supply power to the machine and controllers gt Please use recommended interconnect cables to connect the machine to controllers and other components Kramer Electronics Ltd 25 For the latest informati
17. amer Electronics Ltd 21 FC 10D JES JEA i T r ETS adi ETT REE Re T Aina he OSS TEE Fuse MWe eee C i im amp No video at the output device Video level is too high or too dim Kramer Electronics Ltd Confirm that your source and output devices are powered on and connected properly The input of your machine should be of an identical signal format at the output of your source Signals at the output of your machine should be of an identical signal format as at the input of your display Confirm that any other device in the signal path has the proper input and or output selected Use a Video Tester to help trace faulty cables and equipment see section 4 1 Optional Accessories Verify that the lines are well matched through 75ohm impedances otherwise it results in a video level that is too high or too dim Confirm that the connecting cables are of high quality and properly inserted Check level controls located on your source input device or output display 22 Video Signal continued Problem Remedy Noise bars are rolling Hum bars ground loop are caused by a difference in the ground potential of any up or down in the output two or more devices connected to your signal path This difference is image compensated b
18. ated to the development and manufacture of high quality video audio equipment The Kramer line has become an integral part of many of the best production and presentation facilities around the world In recent years Kramer has redesigned and upgraded most of the line making the best even better Kramer s line of professional video audio electronics is one of the most versatile and complete available and is a true leader in terms of quality workmanship price performance ratio and innovation In addition to the Kramer line of high quality format interfaces such as the one you have just purchased Kramer also offers a full line of high quality distribution amplifiers switchers processors controllers and computer related products This manual includes configuration operation and option information for the following products from the Kramer line of format interfaces All these interfaces are similar in operation and features FC 10 Composite YC Transcoder FC 4042 RGB Component Transcoder FC 10D Composite YC Comb Filter Transcoder FC 4043 CV YC Component Transcoder FC 19 RGB Decoder FC 4044 Multistandard Decoder FC 4041C Genlock Component Encoder FC 4208 Balanced Audio Transcoder 1 1 A Word on Format Interfaces There are several video signal formats Composite Y C YUV Y R Y B Y RGB S analog and digital Component analog video formats YUV and RGB are unmodulated signals where the signal level represents the signal intens
19. ay save you a few hours later You don t even have to read the whole manual If a section doesn t apply to you you don t have to spend your time reading it 4 UNPACKING AND CONTENTS The items contained in your Kramer Format interface package are listed below Please save the original box and packaging materials for possible future transportation and shipment AC Power Cable where applicable Kramer Concise Product Catalog DC Power Supply where applicable 4 Rubber Feet 4 1 Optional Accessories The following accessories which are available from Kramer can enhance implementation of your machine For information regarding cables and additional accessories contact your Kramer dealer gt Rack Mechanical Adapter Used to adapt smaller machines to a standard 1U rack One or more machines may be installed on each adapter gt 103AV Video Audio Distribution Amplifier can be serially connected between the Format interface and the acceptor for video distribution The 103AV splits a single video and audio stereo input source into three identical outputs The 103AV uses an external 12VDC power source and therefore is suitable for field work as well The 103AV uses state of the art technology and microchip design boasting a signal bandwidth of over 320MHz thus making it suitable for the most demanding applications gt SP 11 Video Audio Processor can be serially connected between the video audio source and the format int
20. cceptors and acceptors special measures should be taken in order to avoid cable losses These include using higher quality cables or adding line amplifiers Interference from These can have an adverse effect on signal quality Balanced audio lines neighboring electrical are less prone to interference but unbalanced audio should be installed far appliances from any mains power cables electric motors transmitters etc even when the cables are shielded Kramer Electronics Ltd 2 SPECIFICATIONS w ew o o Transcoder 1 Composite Video 1 Composite Video 1 Composite Video R or R Y G or Y B 1Vpp 75 ohm on a BNC 1Vpp 75 ohm on a BNC 1Vpp 75 ohm on a BNC or B Y 0 7Vpp 75 1 s Video on a 4P connector 1 s Video on a 4P connector 1 s Video on a 4P connector ohm Sync looping Y 1Vpp 750hm Y 1Vpp 750hm Y 1Vpp 750hm 0 3Vpp 750hm on BNCs C 0 3Vpp 75ohm C 0 3Vpp 75ohm C 0 3Vpp 75ohm 1 s Video on a 4P connector 1 s Video on a 4P connector RED GREEN BLUE 1 Composite Video Y 1Vpp 750hm SYNC 0 7Vpp 75 ohms on 1Vpp 75 ohm on a BNC C 0 3Vpp 750hm 0 BNCs RGB Analog HS 1 s Video on a 4P 1 Composite Video 1 Composite Video VS TTL level on HD15 connector 1Vpp 75 ohm on a BNC 1Vpp 75 ohm on a BNC connector Y 1 Vpp 75ohm C 0 3Vpp 75ohm Two electronic touch Rear input selector switch Sync Sync on Green switches to select PAL or between Composite Video _ input selector
21. er and Indicators 12 2 Video Signal 12 3 Audio Signal FC 4208 only KRAMER ELECTRONICS LTD az D Vc w CUOAMONN OOD OQO A UND m n A WN pat k uo p pd eee pd a d ee aouuuua o o NNND N amp KF e KF eK U N a O COCON DAO PN 2900 004001 Figure OMAADMNBRWN KH ph pd pd p pak RWNrF OC Table OMDAINDMNBRWNK List Of Illustrations FC 10 Front Rear Panel Features FC 10D Front Rear Panel Features FC 19 Front Rear Panel Features FC 4041C Front Rear Panel Features FC 4042 Front Rear Panel Features FC 4043 Front Rear Panel Features FC 4044 Front Rear Panel Features FC 4208 Front Rear Panel Features Interfacing Between Two Video Formats Using PC Graphics in YC Production Typical PC Presentation Product Connections Integrating a Component RGB source Into a Composite YC Switcher Audio Format Conversion FC 10 and FC 10D Fuse Location List Of Tables Factors Affecting Quality of Results FC 10 Front Rear Panel Features FC 10D Front Rear Panel Features FC 19 Front Rear Panel Features FC 4041C Front Rear Panel Features FC 4042 Front Rear Panel Features FC 4043 Front Rear Panel Features FC 4044 Front Rear Panel Features FC 4208 Front Rear Panel Features KRAMER ELECTRONICS LTD Page 10 11 12 13 14 16 17 18 19 20 22 PN 2900 004001 l INTRODUCTION Congratulations on your purchase of this Kramer Electronics format interface Since 1981 Kramer has been dedic
22. erface for video and audio control correction The machine provides camera control and luminance white balance correction It is also capable of performing composite to Y C conversion and bi directional transcoding The machine allows full control over the video signal video gain down to full fade log or linear definition control log or linear contrast control color saturation control black level control red green and blue controls and a screen splitter control for before after comparison The Input switch control is audio follow video gt VS 2042 4x2 Video Component Matrix can be serially connected between the sources and the format interface for component video switching The VS 2042 switches during the vertical interval for live studio operation The VS 2042 has a built in RS 232 interface for computer controlled operation software included and several machines may be operated simultaneously via PC control Its signal bandwidth exceeds 75MHz and it has DC coupled inputs and outputs for highest signal quality Y R Y B Y or R Gs B signals are seamlessly routed gt VIDEO TESTER A new unique patented indispensable tool for the video professional the Video Tester is used to test a video path leading to from an amplifier By pressing only one touch switch it can trace missing signals distinguish between good and jittery VCR sourced signals and identify the presence of good signals Whenever a video signal is missing
23. ity e g 1 Volt of Y signal represents a maximum white level Converting from YUV to RGB and vice versa does not involve modulation and needs mainly an accurate matrix system Composite video and Y C Super Video contains chrominance color information which is a modulated signal using the color subcarrier 3 58MHz in NTSC 4 43MHz in PAL as the carrier signal Converting between Composite video and Y C and vice versa involves adding or separating the color information from the luminance information To convert from Composite and Y C to Component video a color encoder or color decoder is needed with very complicated circuitry The color encoder receives the component signal and must create a chrominance signal by extracting the blue and red information from the component video signal and by modulating this information using the color subcarrier signal The color decoder performs the opposite it removes the color subcarrier and extracts the color difference signals to create the video components The following format interfaces are described in this manual K9 Video Decoders used to decode convert a composite video signal to Y C and to decode a composite or Y C signal to RGBS and or Y R Y B Y Video Encoders used to create a chrominance signal from video components e g to convert RGBS and or Y R Y and B Y signals to composite video and Y C Video Transcoders are bi directional converters operating simulta
24. lanced unbalanced signal gently adjust the Level control knobs until a satisfactory audio level is achieved 10 TYPICAL APPLICATIONS 10 1 Interfacing Between Two Video Formats The FC 10D can be used for simultaneous bi directional conversion from composite video to YC and from YC to composite for studio applications as shown in Figure 9 In such a setup YC signals can be monitored on a composite video monitor Perform the following steps as necessary Connect a composite video source to the CV IN connector of the FC 10D Connect an YC acceptor to the YC OUT connector of the FC 10D Connect an YC video source to the YC IN connector of the FC 10D Connect a composite video acceptor to the YC OUT connector of the FC 10D Connect the FC 10D to an appropriate 12VDC power supply with proper polarity Operate sources acceptors and the FC 10D Press one of the control switches to select PAL or NTSC mode of operation a A ae al NOTE The machine cannot convert composite PAL to Y C in NTSC Encoding and decoding is performed only within the same standard POWER aM ao Composite YC Comb Filter Transcoder FC 10D Composite YC Video YC Video Composite Video Video Source Acceptor Source Acceptor or Monitor Figure 9 Interfacing Between Two Video Formats 10 2 Using PC Graphics in YC Production Some scan converters which convert VGA XGA graphics to video generate only a composite video signal
25. n Figure 6 and Table 7 NOTE For operation instructions refer to section 9 POWER HUE eviyc ENCODER ENC TRANS PaL SECAM 358 aaa 1 bEconer 10 K OJ secam Ojntsc 3 58 O NTSC 4 43 OOO CO oO CV YC Component Transcoder Fe 4043 rod DECODER INPUTS OUTPUTS cv wc RY gt SERIAL 230 VAC N 50 60 H 60 Hz b 9 Figure 6 FC 4043 Front Rear Panel Features Table 7 FC 4043 Front Rear Panel Features Feature Power Switch 2 ENC TRANS pushbutton PAL SECAM 3 58 4 43 encoder pushbuttons Internal trimmers CV YC pushbutton Function Illuminated switch supplies power to the unit Encoder or Transcoder function selector When Transcoder is selected switch is not illuminated an internal link is formed between the components outputs of the Decoder section and the component inputs of the Encoder section allowing for example Composite SECAM to PAL conversion or vice versa Illuminated pushbuttons selecting the output encoding standard desired Note that the machine does not scan convert between PAL and NTSC but can allow for NTSC 4 43 output from an NTSC 3 58 input for example ARNING Adjustments or attempted adjustments of the trimmers are not allowed Failure to comply with this warning may damage the machine Illuminated pushbutton Selects either composite video or Y
26. neously in different directions such as converting from RGBS to Y R Y and B Y in both directions in the same machine going from composite to Y C bi directionally or performing color decoding and encoding in the same machine at the same time Audio Transcoders used in audio and video production studios for converting from unbalanced low level audio to balanced high level audio bi directionally e e Kramer Electronics Ltd 1 2 Factors Affecting Quality of Results There are many factors affecting the quality of results when signals are transmitted from a source to an acceptor as described in Table 1 Table 1 Factors Affecting Quality of Results FACTOR EFFECT Connection cables Low quality cables are susceptible to interference they degrade signal quality due to poor matching and cause elevated noise levels They should therefore be of the best quality Sockets and connectors So often ignored they should be of highest quality since Zero Ohm of the sources and connection resistance is the objective Sockets and connectors also must acceptors match the required impedance 75ohm in video Cheap low quality connectors tend to rust thus causing breaks in the signal path Amplifying circuitry Must have quality performance when the desired end result is high linearity low distortion and low noise operation Distance between Plays a major role in the final result For long distances between sources sources and a
27. ols Channel 8 2GHOPM1O GOOG Balanced Unbalanced Audio Transcoder rc 4208 2a0 vac Channel 5 Channel e Channel 7 Channel 6 soreo Hz Balanced Ms E Unbalanced 1 5 Audio Distributor VM 50A Audio Source Audio Source ocecece Eater 00 0 0 00 INPUT ourpdrs Balanced Unbalanced Audio Amplifier Audio Source E B Figure 13 Audio Format Conversion ll TAKING CARE OF YOUR MACHINE Do not locate your machine in an environment where it is susceptible to dust or moisture Both of these may damage the electronics and cause erratic operation or failure Do not locate your machine where temperature and humidity may be excessive Doing so may also damage the electronics and cause erratic operation or failure of your machine Do not clean your machine with abrasives or strong cleaners Doing so may remove or damage the finish or may allow moisture to build up Take care not to allow dust or particles to build up inside unused or open connectors Kramer Electronics Ltd 20 12 TROUBLESHOOTING NOTES Please note that if the output signal is disturbed or interrupted by very strong external electromagnetic interference it should return and stabilize when such interference ends If not turn the power switch off and on again to reset the machine If the following recommended actions do not result in
28. on selecting sync source separate or riding on Green Red R Y IN BNC connector Red R Y Input Red Green Blue 75 ohm Hi Z Selects 750hm or HI z impedance when pushed in the selected selectors direction for looping select Hi z 7 Red Green Blue LOOP BNC Provides Red R Y looping capability to increase number of outputs connector Green Y IN Green Y Input Blue B Y IN BNC connector Blue B Y Input ync IN BNC connector Sync signal input in ICAP connector COMPOSITE BNC connector Composite video output Power Connector A 3 prong AC connector allows power to be supplied to the unit Directly underneath this connector a fuse holder houses the appropriate fuse Kramer Electronics Ltd 10 5 5 Getting to Know Your FC 4042 The KRAMER FC 4042 RGB Component Transcoder interfaces between the two most widely used professional video formats Component Video Y R Y B Y and RGBS In many video studios and production centers there is a need to convert from one format to the other and the Kramer FC 4042 is the perfect choice as it operates simultaneously in both directions Front Rear panel features of the FC 4042 are described in Figure 5 and Table 6 NOTE For operation instructions refer to section 9 O rene SH Oo SYNC 230 VAC 50 60 Hz 6 Seria Figure 5 FC 4042 Front Rear Panel Features Table 6 FC 4042 Front Rear Panel Features hed Fea
29. on on our products and a list of Kramer distributors visit our Web site www kramerelectronics com Updates to this user manual may be found at http www kramerelectronics com manuals html We welcome your questions comments and feedback Kramer Electronics Ltd Web site www kramerelectronics com E mail info kramerel com P N 2900 004001 REV 2
30. onnector allows power to be supplied to the unit Directly underneath this connector a fuse holder houses the appropriate fuse Kramer Electronics Ltd 14 6 6 1 9 2 9 3 9 4 INSTALLATION Rack Mounting The FC 19 FC 4041C FC 4042 FC 4043 FC 4044 and FC 4208 may be rackmounted in a standard 19 1U EIA rack and include rack ears at the ends of the front panel To mount them simply place the unit s ears against the rack rails of your rack and insert standard screws through each of the four corner holes The FC 10 and the FC 10D can be rack mounted using a special adapter see section 4 1 These devices do not require any specific spacing for ventilation above or below the unit CONNECTING TO VIDEO DEVICES Video sources and output devices such as monitors projectors or recorders may be connected to the machines through the BNC and or 4P type connectors located on the back of the units Unused inputs are terminated to 75ohm and active inputs should be terminated by the connecting source All signal connections that use more than one cable interconnecting between devices should be of equal length Example RGB cables between a camera and the machine should be equal in length The signals supported by the various models are Composite Video s Video Y C Component Video and Analog Red Green Blue and Sync signals RGBS CONNECTING TO AUDIO DEVICES FC 4208 only Audio sources and output devices such
31. problems and corrects wrong hues during operation Video color processors are needed to adjust and correct hue problems To adjust the HUE simply press the HUE or Looping FC 4041C only The looping function enables the operator to connect several machines to the format interface The operator must always switch the termination switch of the first and middle machines to Hi z The last machine s termination switch should always be at 750hm to maintain well matched lines of 75ohm impedance from the first to the last machine Note that if the looping function is not used the termination switch should be set to 75 ohm pushbuttons until a satisfactory picture color is achieved Kramer Electronics Ltd 15 9 5 Audio Level Control FC 4208 only A balanced audio signal is made of two antiphase signals traveling on two wires sometimes with a third a ground reference shield wire A balanced signal achieves better signal to noise ratio and is more immune to noise and interference On the receiving end there is a differential amplifier which amplifies only the difference between the antiphase signals thus canceling noise which is picked up along the way and which is common mode The balanced system is usually used either when very low signals are to be transmitted over long distances such as those generated from high quality microphones or at broadcast audio studios for highest quality signal recreation To control the ba
32. puts 1 RGB 0 7Vpp 75ohm Decoder 1V 0 7V 0 7 Vpp Component 1V 0 7V 4 unbalanced 1 Vpp 50 Sync 2Vpp 75 ohms 75ohm Y R Y B Y BNCs 0 7Vpp 750hm BNCs ohms RCAs TTL level unloaded for Encoder 1 Vpp 750hm RGB 0 7Vpp 75ohm for 4 balanced 4dBm S0 100 saturation on Composite BNC 100 saturation Composite ohms 18Vpp max male BNCs 1 component Y Y C 1Vpp 75ohm Y sync 2Vpp 7S5ohm BNCs XLRs R Y B Y 1V 0 7V 0 3Vpp 75ohm C 4P 0 7 Vpp 750hm BNCs_ connector ee oeeo Diff Phase 0 19Deg Po Pp PO Pp E DC Clamp 20 mV 20 mV Error Residual SC Composite to Y 30 mV Y C Composite to Y 30mV to Y 15 mV Y C to Y 15mV Better than 71dB_ po YSN Raio Beerman SSCS SCS Audio NA NA N 20 30000Hz Bandwidth Audio THD Less than 0 02 A Audio S N NA NA NA Better than 89dB Ratio oe x 17 8 x 1U cm 19 48 x 17 8 x 1U cm 19 x 7 48 x 17 8 x 1U cm 19 x 7 48 x 17 8 x 1U cm 19 x W D H x7 x1U x 1U x 1U 7 x 1U 2 6kg 5 8lbs Approx 2 6kg 5 8lbs Approx 2 6kg 5 8lbs Approx 2 4kg 5 3lbs Approx Power Source 230VAC 50 60Hz 230VAC 50 60Hz 230VAC 50 60Hz 230VAC 50 60Hz LI5VAC U S A LISVAC U S A 19 5VA Q15VAC U S A 6 9VA LISVAC U S A 3 7VA T 6VA Kramer Electronics Ltd 3 HOW DOIGET STARTED The fastest way to get started is to take your time and do everything right the first time Taking 15 minutes to read the manual m
33. s product to be free from defects in material and workmanship under the following terms HOW LONG IS THE WARRANTY Labor and parts are warranted for three years from the date of the first customer purchase WHO IS PROTECTED Only the first purchase customer may enforce this warranty WHAT IS COVERED AND WHAT IS NOT COVERED Except as below this warranty covers all defects in material or workmanship in this product The following are not covered by the warranty 1 Any product which is not distributed by Kramer or which is not purchased from an authorized Kramer dealer If you are uncertain as to whether a dealer is authorized please contact Kramer at one of the agents listed in the web site www kramerelectronics com 2 Any product on which the serial number has been defaced modified or removed 3 Damage deterioration or malfunction resulting from a Accident misuse abuse neglect fire water lightning or other acts of nature b Product modification or failure to follow instructions supplied with the product c Repair or attempted repair by anyone not authorized by Kramer d Any shipment of the product claims must be presented to the carrier e Removal or installation of the product f Any other cause which does not relate to a product defect g Cartons equipment enclosures cables or accessories used in conjunction with the product WHAT WE WILL PAY FOR AND WHAT WE WILL NOT PAY FOR We will pay labor and material
34. ture Function Power Switch Illuminated switch supplies power to the unit G S G IN pushbutton Selects sync or sync on green on the RGB signals for the IN channel G G S OUT pushbutton Selects sync or sync on green on the RGB signals for the OUT channel 4 IN Y R Y B Y BNC connectors Component video inputs 5 OUT RED GREEN BLUE RGB outputs BNC connectors 6 OUT SYNC BNC connector Sync signal output 7 IN RED GREEN BLUE BNC RGB inputs connectors 8 IN SYNC BNC connector Sync signal input 9 OUT Y R Y B Y BNC Component video outputs connectors 10 Power Connector A 3 prong AC connector allows power to be supplied to the unit Directly underneath this connector a fuse holder houses the appropriate fuse Kramer Electronics Ltd 11 5 6 Getting to Know Your FC 4043 The KRAMER FC 4043 CV YC Component Transcoder interfaces between Composite video and Y C to the most widely used professional video format Component Video Y R Y B Y bi directionally In many video studios and production centers there is a need to convert from one format to the other and the Kramer FC 4043 is the perfect choice as it operates in the most common standards PAL SECAM and NTSC both and bi directionally Decoding operation is microprocessor controlled via the internal I2C bus and the machine allows standards conversion between PAL and SECAM Front Rear panel features of the FC 4042 are described i
35. y passing that voltage difference through any available interconnection including your video cables or Low Frequency Hum in ARNING the output signal Do not disconnect the ground from any piece of video equipment in your signal path Check the following to remove hum bars 1 Confirm that all interconnected equipment is connected to the same phase of power if possible 2 Remove equipment connected to that phase that may introduce noise such as motors generators etc 3 Disconnect all interconnect cables and reconnect them one at a time until ground loop reappears Disconnect the affected cable and replace or insert an isolation transformer in the signal path 12 3 Audio Signal FC 4208 only No audio at the output Confirm that your source and output devices are powered and properly device regardless of connected Audio signals connected to the output of your machine should be input selected properly wired to the input of your machine or recorder Confirm that any other devices in the signal path has the proper input and or output selected Audio level is too low Confirm that the connecting cables are of high quality and properly built Take special care in noting the wiring configuration of balanced to unbalanced cables Check level controls located on your source input device or output display or recorder Kramer Electronics Ltd 23 LIMITED WARRANTY Kramer Electronics hereafter Kramer warrants thi
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