I-SERIES - Movetec
Contents
1. High sensitivity mode 980us When the number of times for averaging is set to hsp 490us 0 1 mm Setting distance 100 mm Standard mode 0 2 mm Setting distance 40 mm 0 5 mm Setting distance 500 mm 0 2 mm Setting distance 50mm 90 5 mm Setting distance 500 mm Repeatability Linearity Temperature characteristics 5 um Setting distance 100 mm 10 um Setting distance 500 mm 80 um Setting distance 1000 mm 0 28 of F S 28 um 0 03 of F 8 C 3 um C 5 um Setting distance 100 mm 10 um Setting distance 500 mm 80 um Setting distance 1000 mm 140 um Setting distance 1500 mm 0 1 of F S 28 um 0 01 of F S C 3 um G Operation indicator Transmitter Optical axis alignment indicator Green LED Power indicator Green LED Receiver Optical axis alignment indicator Green LED Position monitor Dual bar LED Red Green Environment Enclosure rating IP67 10 to 45 C No freezing Ambient temperature Ambient humidity 35 to 85 RH No condensation resistance Ambient light Incandescent lamp 5000 lux Sunlight 5000 lux Vibration resistance 10 to 55 Hz Double amplitude 1 5 mm XYZ each axis 2 hours Pollution degree 2 Zinc die cast Lower case PBT Upper case Polyarylate PAR Display part SUS304 Metallic part Material Lens cover Glass Cable PVC Supplied item Transmitter x 1 Receiver x 12. BCD output 4 1 column x 6 columns signal output strobe output alarm output NPN open collector 40 V 20 mA or less residual voltage 1 V or less Positive logic Negative logic can be switched Control input Common specifications for all models ID selection input 4 data request input Non voltage input input time 2 ms or more short circuit current 1 mA Model DL EP1 DL DN1 DL RS1A DL RB1A Power source voltage 20 to 30 VDC ripple P P including 10 supplied from the connected sensor amplifier Weight including the connector Approx 70g Approx 80 g Approx 53 g Approx 46 g Unit mm Dimensions DL EP1 DL DN1 DL RS1A DL RB1A 25 6 Er 29 4 i a When cover open maximum of 58 3 37 7 Please visit KEYENCE SAFETY INFORMATION Please read the instruction manual carefully in order to safely operate any KEYENCE product A www keyence com KEYENCE CORPORATION 1 3 14 Higashi Nakajima Higashi Yodogawa ku Osaka 533 8555 Japan Phone 81 6 6379 2211 AUSTRIA GERMANY MALAYSIA SLOVENIA Phone 43 22 36 3782 66 0 Fax 43 22 36 3782 66 30 Phone 49 61 02 36 89 0 Fax 49 61 02 36 89 100 Phone 60 3 2092 2211 Fax 60 3 2092 2131 Phone 386 1 4701 666 Fax 386 1 4701 699 BELGIUM HONG KONG MEXICO SWITZERLAND Phone 32 1528 1222 Fax 32 1520 1623 Phone 852 3104 1010 Fax 852 3104 1080 Phone 52 81 8220 7900 Fax 52 81 8220 9097 Phone 41 43 45577 30 Fax 41 43 45577 40 BRA
3. EYE N as NEw Multi Purpose CCD Laser Micrometre IG Series CEQ LISTED azo 5 11 IJININIAM A Wide Variety of Application Modes for Easy High Accuracy Measurements LASER EDGE SENSOR Intelligent Sensor nr n a oN a Die V gt fl y ER i V 9 a A y g aw VIE i Low cost igh Performance Thrubeam Digital Laser Sensor with the Highest Level ot Stability g ALIGHMENT g FOWER 3 ul Intelligent s t i Giste ENCE KEY l IG 0 28 10 mm 28mm type IG 028 10mm type IG 010 REPEATABILITY OF 5 um LINEARITY OF 0 1 c 029 The sensor provides a high level of stability with its multi wavelength laser and parallel computing chip WIDE VARIETY OF APPLICATION MODES e Edge control mode e Outer diameter measurement mode e Inner diameter Gap measurement mode e Edge detection of transparent targets POSITION MONITOR Measurements are perf wit i Large Distance between the Transmitter and Receiver IG 028 Max 1500 mm 1G 010 Max 1000 mm L CCD Light Receiving Element The sensor recognises the position of a target and is less sensitive to its environment making it possible to achieve stable target measurement L CCD Linearised Charge Coupled Device IP67 Protection The enclosure is resistant to harsh environments and offers long term durability av Panel mount type i 1G 1500 1550 Display Uni
4. PLCs DL DN1 DeviceNet PLCs DL RB1A BCD Output Computers Lineup Sensor heads IG 010 Measurement range 10 mm Measurement range 28 mm Mounting distance Oto 1000 mm Mounting distance 0 to 1500 mm Repetition accuracy 5 um Repetition accuracy 5um Setting distance 100 mm Setting distance 100 mm Linearity 28 um Linearity 28 um 1 For the detailed conditions refer to Specifications page 12 Display units amplifiers DIN rail mount type Panel mount type IG 1000 IG 1050 IG 1500 IG 1550 Main unit Expansion unit Main unit Expansion unit Sensor head cables Appearance Cable length Model Weight eaple 2 m OP 87056 Approx 80g included 5m OP 87057 Approx 190 g 10m OP 87058 Approx 360 g 20m OP 87059 Approx 680 g The cable is common to the transmitter and receiver and can be used with either of them 2 Two cables are included with a sensor head Connector used to connect to a display unit 2 pcs OP 84338 Optional Type Model Appearance Description Weight PC software IG Configurator IG H1 Approx 80 g For IG 010 IG TBO01 DP 5 en Approx 50 g Sensor head i mounting brackets i For IG 028 IG TB02 oo E Approx 40 g P To connect an additional expansion unit use the End unit End unit f end units to secure the display units on both ends 1 End unit Optional OP 26751 P When connecting additional units be sure to use Approx 180 the end units 2 pcs Panel front protection cover
5. Sensor head cables 2 m x 2 Weight including supplied items Approx 380 g Approx 500 g 1 The classification for FDA CDRH is implemented based on IEC60825 1 in accordance with the requirements of Laser Notice No 50 2 When the measurement target object is measured at the centre position of the setting distance When the measurement mode is set to the glass edge mode a glass edge of C0 1 mm or more can be detected Setting distance 500 mm 3 When the light is shielded by half at the centre position of the setting distance Vibration width when the average number of times is set to 16 and sampling is performed for 30 seconds When the analogue output is used the margin of error of analogue output is added 4 When the setting distance is 100 mm and light is shielded at 50 mm position from the receiver Margin of error to the ideal line 5 When the setting distance is 100 mm and light is shielded by half at 50 mm position from the receiver 6 Excluding when the average number of times is set to hsp Display unit amplifier Model Appearance 161000 16 1050 16 1500 16 1550 Amplifier type DIN rail mount Panel mount Main unit Expansion unit Main unit Expansion unit Main unit Expansion unit Analogue output Yes No Yes No Power supply voltage Power consumption including analogue current output Digital display method Display range Normal 10 30 VDC Ripple P P 10 included Class 2 or L
6. bends minute One bend is a cycle whereby the cable is bent from left to right and then from right to left cable can be used safely in a position requiring repeated motion Free Cut Edge Check Function The user can check whether a measurement is performed correctly by verifying the Example number of edges in the field of view Prevent dust or oil from adhering to the measurement unit which can cause an abnormal measurement value Detect the intrusion of a different type of target Check that a measurement target falls within the measurement range EASY SETTING WITH THE APPLICATION MODES Three major application modes The measurement area is automatically specified simply by selecting the mode Edge Control and Positioning Mode The distance from the end of the measurement range to the edge of a target is measured Outer Diameter Width Measurement Mode The outer diameter or width of a target is measured Inner Diameter Gap Measurement Mode The inner diameter of a target or a gap between targets is measured Five dedicated modes can be selected according to the application Edge Detection of Transparent Targets Edge detection algorithm glass edge mode The edges of transparent objects such as glass have low transparency which decreases the amount of light received The IG Series detects edges exploiting this nature and automatically changes x a measurement sens
7. calculate a J rar forener misalignment amount by calculating ne data obtained by two sensor heads Outer Diameter Width Measurement Mode KONE 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 Outer diameter deformation measurement of an extrusion Outer diameter measurement of a part v Easy measurement with the calculation function Abnormal diameters and deformations can be detected in real time by measuring a tube in two axes The 980 us high speed sampling detects even tiny abnormalities A B Deformation measurement B Outer diameter measurement A B 0 A B 0 Inner Diameter Gap Measurement Mode KME 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 Gap measurement between rollers Diameter check of press cutting v Easy measurement with the calculation function The thickness of a product can be controlled by measuring the gaps of the E 1 m two sides between the rollers EVEN MORE USEFUL WHEN CONNECTED TO A PC The configuration software IG Configurator allows for a wide range of settings to be made including the monitoring of the waveforms of received light and the measurement modes Reading and Writing Settings The user can enter all settings including the measurement modes into a PC and then transfer them to the sensor The management of setting data i
8. 3 For an external input bank A input bank B input laser emission stop input or OFF not used can also be selected For external input 4 gain input can also be selected For details refer to the User s Manual 15 Specifications EtherNet IP compatible communication unit Model Compatible functions CE DL EP1 Cyclic communication Message communication Explicit messaging Compatible with UCMM and Class 3 Number of connections 64 RPI Transmission cycle 0 5 to 10000 ms 0 5 ms unit Tolerable communication bandwidth for cyclic communication 6000 pps Conformance test DeviceNet supported communication unit Model Compatible functions Address settings Compatible with Version A7 DL DN1 Compatible function input output communication poll Explicit message communication 0 to 63 PGM compatible Communication speed Automatic switching method 500 kbps 250 kbps 125 kbps Maximum cable length 100 m thick cable 250 m thick cable 500 m thick cable 100 m thin cable 100 m thin cable 100 m thin cable Network power source RS 232G communication unit 11 to 25 VDG DeviceNet provided from the communication power source Model DL RS1A Communication method Full duplex Synchronisation method Start stop Transmission code ASCII Baud rate BCD output unit Model Input output terminal 2400 4800 9600 19200 38400 bps DL RB1A 34 pin connector MIL Standard Control output
9. Eee Included in panel mount OP 87070 Approx 69 y type amplifier The panel front protection cover and panel mounting bracket are included in the panel mount type amplifier If the supplied cover or bracket is lost or damaged Panel mounting purchase a new one bracket Included in panel mount Or Approx 79 type amplifier Extension cable used for panel mount type amplifier Use this cable if the standard 50 mm cable is not long enough Expansion cable OP 35361 Although the DL Series is designed for the DIN rail mount Approx 10 g 300 mm type only the optional expansion cable OP 35361 300 mm enables communication with the panel mount type display pi Optional accessories unt for the communication unit l DIN rail mounting OP 60412 The mounting bracket is used when the expansion cable is used to connect to the Approx 12 9 bracket 1 The DL RS1A communication unit is required 2 The screws for connecting the sensor head and bracket are included Specifications Sensor heads Model Appearance IG 010 panel mount type display unit in which case a DIN rail is not provided Operation principle CCD method Light source Mounting distance Measurement range Visible light semiconductor laser Wavelength 660 nm Class 1 Laser Product FDA CDRH Part 1040 10 IEC60825 1 0 to 1000 mm 10 mm Glass 1 Laser Product 0 to 1500 mm 28 mm Sampling cycle Minimum detectable object
10. PS 2700 mW or less at 30 V 90 mA or less 2880 mW or less at 30 V 96 mA or less Power saving function HALF Power saving function ALL 2300 mW at 30 V 77 mA or less 2200 mW at 30 V 74 mA or less Dual 7 seg display Upper level Red Green 2 colours 5 digits Lower level Green 5 digits Dual 7 seg display Upper level Red 5 digits Lower level Green 5 digits 99 999 to 99 999 99 99 to 99 99 99 9 to 99 9 99 to 99 selectable Display resolution 1 um 10 um 100 um 1000 um selectable Judgement output selectable between NPN and PNP NPN PNP open collector x3ch 30 VDC Power supply voltage or less residual voltage 1 V 2 V or less N O N C selectable Max 50 mA ch Response time judgement output Edge check output selectable between NPN and PNP 1 96 to 4031 72 ms NPN PNP open collector xich 30 VDC Power supply voltage or less residual voltage 1 V 2 V or less N O N G selectable Max 50 mA response time 20 ms Voltage output Current output Output range 5 V full scale 10 V 4 20 mA full scale 16 mA Output Output resistance Maximum load resistance 3500 eee kst Hata Repetition accuracy 1 mV 1 5 UA 4 20 mA Display accuracy 0 05 of F S 0 25 of F S Temperature characteristics 0 005 of F S C 0 01 of F S C Update cycle Same as sensor head sampling cycle Response time Same as Response time judgeme
11. ZIL HUNGARY NETHERLANDS TAIWAN Phone 55 11 3045 4011 Fax 55 11 3045 5219 Phone 36 1 802 73 60 Fax 36 1 802 73 61 Phone 31 40 20 66 100 Fax 31 40 20 66 112 Phone 886 2 2718 8700 Fax 886 2 2718 8711 CANADA INDIA POLAND THAILAND Phone 1 905 366 7655 Fax 1 905 366 1122 Phone 91 44 4963 0900 Fax 91 44 4963 0901 Phone 48 71 36861 60 Fax 48 71 36861 62 Phone 66 2 369 2777 Fax 66 2 369 2775 CHINA ITALY ROMANIA UK amp IRELAND Phone 86 21 68757500 Fax 86 21 68757550 Phone 39 02 6688220 Fax 39 02 66825099 Phone 40 269 232 808 Fax 40 269 232 808 Phone 44 1908 696900 Fax 44 1908 696777 CZECH REPUBLIC JAPAN SINGAPORE USA Phone 420 222 191 483 Fax 420 222 191 505 Phone 81 6 6379 2211 Fax 81 6 6379 2131 Phone 65 6392 1011 Fax 65 6392 5055 Phone 1 201 930 0100 Fax 1 201 930 0099 FRANCE KOREA SLOVAKIA Phone 33 1 56 37 78 00 Fax 33 1 56 37 78 01 The information in this publication is based on KEYENCE s internal research evaluation at the time of release and is subject to change without notice Copyright c 2010 KEYENCE CORPORATION All rights reserved Phone 82 31 789 4300 Fax 82 31 789 4301 Phone 421 2 5939 6461 Fax 421 2 5939 6200 WW1 1013 6 0 0 6 9 9 s IG WW C E 1093 5 600699 Printed in Japan
12. ction NPN PNP Output Selection judgement selection Both NPN and PNP outputs are supported The outputs are set the first time the user turns on the power These settings can subsequently be changed Judgements are output as HIGH GO or LOW Analogue Output Selection The following four types of analogue outputs can be selected The output is selected the first time the user turns on the power Setting value Description ore Not output PEET Analogue output after the judgement value is converted to the range from 0 to 5 V HEE 2 Analogue output after the judgement value is converted to the range of 5 V l Ci Analogue output after the judgement value is converted to the range from 1 to 5 V re Analogue output after the judgement value is converted to the range from 4 to 20 mA The setting can be changed Communication Unit Open field network communication units Bank Function The bank function can register up to four patterns of specific settings For example in response to a measurement target changeover this function allows the user to easily switch between the patterns of registered settings HIGH setting value LOW setting value binarisation level shift target value etc Achieving great wire saving with the new open field network communication units DL Series Model Connection device Model Appearance Communication method Connection device NEW PLCs
13. e diameter 4 7 Cable length 2 m Unit mm IG 1050 Cable diameter 94 7 Cable length 2 m Cable diameter 04 8 When the cover is open Max 109 2 X 48 x number of amplifiers 3 Place the main unit in the top position and bring the expansion cable OP 35361 300 mm type is required End unit Optional 2 pcs OP 26751 Brown 10 to 30 VDC Blue OV Black HIGH judgement output White LOW judgement output Grey GO judgement output Green BHG RV G ANALOG GI ZERO SHIFT O HO LOO sHFTO TIMING O Edge check output Light blue Orange Analogue output Shield Pink Analogue output GND ink Yall 3 External input 1 zero shift input ellow External input 2 reset input Pink purple External input 3 timing input Purple External input 4 not used Notes on connecting a panel mount type expansion unit expansion unit into contact with the main unit vertically For horizontal connection of the panel mount type the optional in 85m T 0 La 45mm 2 z Main unit Expansion cable Expansion unit 1 1 The brown blue and light blue cables are not provided in a IG 1050 IG 1550 unit expansion unit The power is supplied to the expansion unit from the IG 1000 IG 1500 unit main unit 2 For an analogue output OFF not used 0 to 5 V 5 V 1 to 5 V or 4 to 20 mA can be selected
14. ircuit after the judgement is output 14 e Unit mm Dimensions Sensor head IG 010 Transmitter Receiver 2 3 4 Measurement Mounting hole centre 2 3 4 Mounting hole Transmission spot centre 4 8 Cable length 170 Edge M8 connector IG 028 Light receiving area 5 x 14 rectangle Transmitter a Receiver Transmission spot centre 2 4 5 Mounting hole 3 4 5 Mounting hole Measurement 4 8 Cable length 170 Edge M8 connector 4 8 Cable length 170 Edge M8 connector i Transmission spot Light receiving area 4 M3 Valid screw depth 5 5 63 8 ack eferenoavalie Ganar een 12 4 3 0 8 Base level 3 M3 Valid screw depth 5 5 3 M5 Valid screw depth 5 2 Base level Base level 2 M5 Valid screw depth 5 2 Sensor head mounting bracket IG TBO1 IG 010 IG TB02 IG 028 2 94 5 Drilled through hole 2 4 5 Drilled through hole 8 5 Spot facing depth 4 8 5 Spot facing depth 4 Measurement centre Measurement area Transmitter 10 Receiver 146 4 i EE Material Aluminium Material Aluminium Dimensions Sensor amplifier DIN rail mount type IG 1000 1G 1050 IG 1000 Cable diameter 94 7 Cable length 2 m Max 135 When the cover is open Max 109 2 Sensor amplifier Panel mount type IG 1500 1G 1550 Cabl
15. itivity appropriately to detect a transparent target EI Pin position E measurement mode o Very parallel light Edge detection algorithm multi wavelength glass edge mode Received light waveform Bw v The measurement sensitivity is automati cally changed Received light level The edge is enhanced Pin diameter judgement mode Pin pitch judgement mode pm Specified edge to edge distance measurement mode BUILT IN CALCULATION FUNCTIONS ALLOW FOR AN EVEN VVIDER VARIETY OF APPLICATIONS Edge Control and Positioning Mode Ft Feedback control using edge position control Positioning control of the 0 angle of a wafer v Easy control when used with a servomotor example Outputs the edge position information to Analogue output a control device It is possible to send the a E FH information via an analogue output BCD SEa output or RS 232C output according to the Amplifieror RS 232C output Control device type of the control device instead of using a NE 7 communication Measures a position information unit i REC Glass Edge Positioning of a glass substrate Edge control of a transparent sheet v Easy measurement with the calculation function The main unit of the amplifier can F communicate with the expansion units When positioning an object such as 1 Main unit A B Misalignment measurement a panel it is possible to
16. nt output Time constant 10 us 90 response 30 us 90 response Gain input Input time 20 ms or more Response delay time 120 ms or less Nonvolatile memory EEPROM 1 5 s or less Reset input Input time 20 ms or more Response delay time 20 ms or less input Timing input Input time 2 ms or more Response delay time 2 ms or less Environment Zero shift input Bank A input Bank B input Input time 20 ms or more Response delay time 20 ms or less Input time 20 ms or more Response delay time 20 ms or less Laser emission stop input Ambient temperature Input time 2 ms or more Response delay time 2 ms or less 10 to 50 C No freezing Ambient humidity 35 to 85 RH No condensation resistance Vibration resistance 10 to 55 Hz Double amplitude 1 5 mm XYZ each axis 2 hours Pollution degree 2 Material Main unit case Front sheet Polycarbonate Key top Polyacetal Cable PVC Main body x 1 Panel mounting bracket x 1 Front protection cover x 1 Supplied item Main body x 1 Instruction manual x 1 only for main unit Power supply and input output cable 2 m x 1 Weight including supplied items Expansion cable 50 mm x 1 only for expansion unit Instruction manual x 1 only for main unit Approx 150 g Approx 140 g Approx 170 g Approx 1659 1 When expansion units are added Max 20 mA ch 2 For more details refer to the User s Manual 3 Delay time that occurs from the analogue output c
17. onventionally difficult to detect e g transparent objects With the I DSP a parallel computing chip incorporated in the receiver the sensor can perform data processing at high speed reducing noise to a minimum Repeatability of 5 um Best in its class STABLE DETECTION OF TRANSPARENT amp MESH TARGETS The L CCD makes it possible to detect a target based on its position Edge control and positioning of transparent and mesh targets can be performed stably Transparent target SPOT IMAGE Single wavelength laser conventional laser sensor A patchy pattern appears v Multi wavelength laser IG Due to the multi wavelength laser used the beam pattern has a more uniform intensity distribution Linearity of 0 1 Mesh target Parallel light lens i vee 1 DSP Reflecting mirror Receiver Position monitor Transmitter oter Multi wavelength laser Mechanism that realises high stability and accuracy Intelligent Extremely easy to use due to the built in position monitor Tough Easy Determining the Part of a Target to be Measured The position monitor on the IG Series sensors Red Indicates position makes it possible to visually check how a target is the received light NG detected The user can prevent mounting or setting errors by observing the red lights that indicate the received light position and the green lights that indicate the measurement
18. position Green Indicates the measurement position IG 028 L DETECTION R Easier Optical Axis Alignment The position monitor makes it easier to align the optical axis Easily perform optical axis alignment by adjusting the sensor head so that all of the position monitor lights turn red Optical axis alignment in Optical axis alignment progress complete FUNCTION AND STRUCTURE THAT MATCHES THE ON SITE ENVIRONMENT Tough Intelligent Easy Easy to maintain thanks to excellent environment resistance Key Point Less Sensitive to Dirt Because it uses an L CCD the IG Series Is less sensitive to materials such as dirt than a sensor that uses a photodiode PD as the light receiving element gt gt gt gt gt gt gt gt gt IP67 Protection The enclosure satisfies the IP67 rating based on the IEC standards and remains watertight even after being held at a depth of one metre for 30 minutes The enclosure is Binarisation level 28 resistant to adverse environments and offers long term durability AAS Received light level Although dirt reduces the total amount of light received the measurement position is the same The shadow of a target is shown Flexible Free Cut Cable The sensor head cable is a robot cable No break in the cable after 20 million bends typical that withstands repeated bending The Load W 250 g Bending radius R50 mm Rate 30
19. s simple and very convenient when two or more sensors are used RS 232C communication unit DL RS1A Monitoring Function Measurement conditions such as the waveforms of received light can be displayed in real time The mounting and sensitivity settings can also be adjusted more precisely Calculation Function Addition mode if a measurement target is large SETTING EXAMPLE 1 SETTING EXAMPLE 2 length width Pamas tv Subtraction mode to measure the difference in level or inclination SETTING EXAMPLE 1 SETTING EXAMPLE 2 inclination difference in thickness Sensitivity Setting The set value used to judge whether light enters or is blocked based on the amount of light received by the CCD is called the binarisation level The amount of light received when the reference waveform is registered is regarded as the 100 level The light is judged to be blocked if the amount of light is less than the specified binarisation level The IG Series initially sets a binarisation level of 25 and the user can change the level according to the Received light level Zero Shift Function This function shifts an internal measurement value to O to offset the value When the target value is changed this function can be used to shift an internal measurement value to the new target value 100 Can be changed me easily 0 application CCD position DATA COMMUNICATION Amplifier Fun
20. t Options There are two types of display units panel mount and DIN rail mount When a display unit is connected to a communication unit measurement data can be sent to external devices such as a PLC a DIN rail mount type IG 1000 1050 Tough Intelligent Sensor SERIES Intelligent Easy THREE CONCEPTS Intelligent High accuracy was achieved by using the technology instruments Tough Intelligent Tough Easy Easy and functions developed for high accuracy measuring Developed for use in harsh environments the IG Series was designed with a strong structure Excellent usability makes it possible to quickly and easily perform stable measurements without any difficult adjustments and settings The intelligent I Series consists of a high accuracy sensor lineup that realises low cost high performance with only the most advanced functions for on site operations Low cost igh Performance High stability and measurement accuracy are achieved with the newly developed optical system Multi Wavelength Laser I DSP With conventional lasers the transmission spot produces a patchy pattern as shown in the figure to the right This is a laser specific interference problem caused by the laser having a single wavelength The IG Series sensor overcomes this problem by using a multi wavelength laser Because shadows are formed on the CCD more clearly the sensor remains highly stable even with targets that are c
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