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Final Report - Environment & Sustainability Program

1. 59 APPENDIX VI OVERNIGHT MONITORING PROTECTION REFERENCE PICTURES 60 APPENDIX VII BAT CALL EXAMPLES FOR ANALOOKNW 61 APPENDIX VIII RTR 500DC RTR 503 REFERENCE DIAGRA MS 64 APPENDIX IX MAP OF RANGE TUNNEL LOCATION S 65 APPENDIX X ARTIFICIAL BAT ROOSI 66 Executive Summary McCrady Training Center MTC of the South Carolina Army National Guard hosts seven confirmed bat species This project has developed a guide book and performed subsequent data analysis to monitor these species along with taking a proactive approach in preventing the arrival and spread of white nose syndrome WNS a deadly fungal disease found only in bats Since its 2006 discovery in New York WNS has continued to disperse across much of the eastern United States and Canada Research to better understand the WNS fungus Geomyces destructans is ongoing primarily by state and federal agencies Thus far only bats roosting or hibernating in caves or mines the preferred climate of the fungus have been affected WNS was confirmed in Pickens County SC in March 2013 joining Georgia as the latest states to show a WNS presence Species m
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3. 32 Start Survey Parameters that need to be completed before monitoring begins Information can be found at various locations including the WeatherBug application in Google Chrome www weather com or www wunderground com All parameters with the exception of Time may be completed immediately prior to leaving the office Time is recorded right at the starting point If needing to access past weather data navigate to the Pilgrim Church Weather Station at this path IMTC ENVSRVR4 Conservation Weather Station Pilgrim Church End Survey Parameters that need to be completed after monitoring ends All parameters with the exception of Time must be completed immediately after returning to the office Time is recorded right at the end point Time The time the monitoring begins and ends This should be recorded right at the start and end points Temp F The temperature in Fahrenheit at the beginning and end of monitoring Humidity The percent humidity at the beginning and end of monitoring Wind Speed The wind speed in miles per hour and direction at the beginning and end of monitoring Cloud Cover The amount of cloud cover in the sky at the beginning and end of monitoring Should be described as either clear few partly mostly overcast or something ofthe like Moon Visible Whether or not the moon is visible in the sky at the beginning and end of monitoring A very helpful moon rise and set chart to assist in this determinati
4. for west to denote starting point ex 2VE If overnight monitoring the number should include N for overnight monitoring ex 2N Include in parentheses next to its respective ANABAT number the site number where each detector is located Does not need to be completed if overnight monitoring 57 Appendix IV Monitoring Map Spex amoy smug eo 169 sms 8 095 H sas H cius H FS H suong397 JUSIUI9AQ 9 Q 3JNOY 8811 Jeqeuy Tu ES less N Sr 8 6253 TN en Appendix V Download Options for CF Card A Split nights Tick box to save separate nights of data as separate folders Download Options rcm B Division Ratio The Data Division Ratio used A p Y ic do B 9 Division Ratio during the monitoring session is automatically stored in the DATA DAT file by the SD2 and noted in the status txt file meaning that editing this option is now Wav GPS etc Status File Iv Generate D V Generate unnecessary and useless Anabat files E V Generate F Save on Cal C Wav GPS etc Tick Generate to download AutoSave parameters Wav GPS etc files These will only appear if a GPS was connected to the SD2 gl 50 Smooth 5 TBC secs D Status IMPORTANT Tick Generate to 5 Min Line Length produce a status txt file This will display errors or changes that occur during the download process 8 ZCA files P v Generate E Anabat files Tick G
5. AnaHead 3 Navigate to the necessary folder on the left side of the screen 4 Once the desired folder is open all the AnalookW files within it should appear in the column next to the folders Highlight all files to be exported into a txt file 5 Go to File gt Download This will create a txt file of the selected data The txt file itself will automatically be located in the same location as the exported files and be assigned the default name of header 6 Locate the header file through Windows Explorer and change the name to Bat Calls followed by the date the calls were recorded 50 7 8 9 Open a new Excel spreadsheet and select the Data tab Click From Text and navigate to the desired text file Click Import In the new window select Delimited and click Next 10 Check Tab as the delimiter and click Next 11 Click Finish and decide whether to import it into the current worksheet or a new worksheet as deemed appropriate 12 Cleanup any rows or columns as needed to have only the necessary data 13 Save this file in the same location as the txt file and give it an identical name 5 2 11 Saving Individual AnalookW Sonograms 1 2 3 4 5 In AnalookW open the desired AnalookW sonogram file Go to Start gt All Programs gt Accessories gt Snipping Tool Once the Snipping Tool is open drag the cursor across the screen encompassing the entire sonogram Click the Save icon and navig
6. CFCread can be found within the AnaBat CD amp Manual folder It can also be found by following the file path given in on page 23 Once CFCread is open click Choose Input File Locate the drive with the CF card from the drop down menu and click Open It will be entitled Compact Flash Drive The file name will already be set as DATA DAT Do not change the file name Click Tnitialise CF and wait several moments for the CF card to be processed Ifa warning message appears accept it because the CF cards are already properly formatted A new window will appear when the CF card is finished initializing Click OK and the CF card is ready for use in the bat detector When the CF card is inserted into the detector it should enter Record mode RECORD LED lit only or Forced Record mode RECORD and STATUS LEDs lit once it is finished booting up if the CF card was initialized correctly The specific mode it enters depends upon other parameters that are set Table 1 outlines the potential errors that could occur 24 Table 1 Anabat SD2 CF card error messages CF Card Errors LEDs No CF Card Corrupt CF Card Installed DATA DAT File Incompatible CF Cord Full RECORD Off Off las STANDBY STATUS DATA Off Of Off Off If the CF card is read as incompatible or corrupt solutions for these issues can be found on pages 29 and 81 of the User Manual respectively If the CF card is full download and er
7. Click on the Start file and in the new window click Execute 3 Follow the prompts as needed to finish the installation Once complete the applications will be available in the Windows Start menu 3 3 3 Data Collector Setup Check if the USB device driver is installed Follow steps 2 8 in on page 23 to determine if the driver is installed The port will be called TandD General UsbUart Port If already installed setup is complete If needing installation follow the steps below 1 Login to an administrative account PC to USB driver installation can only be performed logged into an administrative account If already in an administrative account ignore this step 2 Repeat steps 2 6 in on page 23 as needed under the administrative account 3 Right click where the detector is listed It will most likely be found under the Other devices tab 4 Select Update Driver then choose Browse my computer for driver software 5 Navigate to IMTC ENVSRVRA Conservation VFish and Wildlife 129 Bat Population Monitoring Supporting Documents amp Software RTR 500DC Materials and select the Driver RTR 500 folder 6 Ifa new window appears click Install After it is finished installing a new port called TandD General UsbUart Port COMx will appear under the device manager where x is the assigned port number 7 Open the RTR500DC Manager If there is not a shortcut for it on the desktop use the link in step 5 to access
8. If the data downloaded properly the next step is to set the time parameters if necessary 18 Click Erase so the DATA DAT file can be cleared and any time parameters will be set onto the CF card 19 Click Quit to exit the CFCread program 20 Copy the files from step 2 and paste it to one of these paths once again depending upon starting location For West IMTC ENVSRVR4 Conservation Fish and Wildlife 129 Bat Population Monitoring Data Vehicle Monitoring West Start Bat File Edits For East IMTC ENVSRVR4 Conservation Fish and Wildlife 129 Bat Population Monitoring Data Vehicle Monitoring East Start Bat File Editsy The files saved at these locations can be edited and changed for analysis If Overnight Monitoring 1 Perform steps 1 5 under the If Vehicle Monitoring part of this section 2 Navigate to this location on the network IMTC ENVSRVR4 Conservation Fish and Wildlife1129 Bat Population Monitoring Data Overnight Monitoring 3 Open the Log Files folder and paste the log file at this location 4 Replace the assigned number of the log file with the date the data was recorded 5 Perform steps 10 13 under the If Vehicle Monitoring part of this section 6 Select the mapped network drive as the place to save the files and navigate to Fish and Wildlife gt 129 Bat Population Monitoring gt Data gt Overnight Monitoring gt Site 1 Site 6 depending upon the site the data is from gt Bat
9. detector will be in Record mode between the determined begin and end times Calls are automatically saved onto the CF card Forced Record Mode The detector is in this mode automatically upon startup when a CF card is installed and no time parameters have been set Bat calls are saved onto the CF card and the DATA light will flash when a potential call is detected 29 Sleep Mode Occurs when a CF card is installed and is programmed for a Delayed Start with specific time and date parameters set The detector will then be in Forced Record mode until switched off Sleep mode is indicated by the LEDs for 10 seconds before becoming inactive Standby Mode Occurs when a CF card is installed and programmed with Monitoring Begin and End time parameters The detector will be in Forced Record mode between the set beginning and end times and will return to Standby mode once the recording session has ended Standby mode is indicated by the LEDs for 10 seconds before becoming inactive Table 4 provides a breakdown of which LED lights are lit or flashing with each operating mode Table 4 Updating Anabat SD2 operating mode LED indicators A SUMMARY OF OPERATING MODES INDICATED BY LEDS Mode LEDs Forced Forced Boot Command Command Record Record Sleep Standby RECORD Off Off STANDBY Off Off HI STATUS Lit Lit Off Off ERROR Off Lit Off Off Off Off Off May May D
10. or it is the first time the PDA and detector have been connected tap Search ports This will find a useable port for connecting the two pieces of equipment Tap Close to return to the main AnaPocket screen 10 If wishing to have bat call files saved automatically make sure the Save on Cal option is not checked This option is located under Opts gt Record 31 11 If wishing to save bat call files manually after examining them on the AnaPocket screen make sure the Save on Cal option is checked 12 Check that the time frequencies are correct Tap Time on the bottom of the AnaPocket main screen and make sure Comp and Dpp4 are both checked 3 1 3 GPS Setup for Vehicle Monitoring This can only be performed after all steps in Section 3 1 2 are completed 1 Insert the CF GPS card into the slot atop the PDA 2 Check that the baud rate is set at 4800 and that the appropriate time zone is selected 4 for South Carolina by tapping GPS Settings in AnaPocket 3 In the same window select COM6 from the Port List and tap OK 4 Tap GPS Connect The GPS map should display with a red square tracking the current location North is always the top part of the screen The PDA has a tendency to freeze during this step If it does press the reset button on the bottom of the PDA and try again 5 Synchronize the PDA clock with the GPS by tapping GPS Set Clock 6 Tapping around the middle of the PDA screen will cause
11. Creating a New Filter The process to create an effective new filter is difficult Using one of the previously covered filter methods is highly recommended However if wanting to experiment with creating a new filter refer to the Basic Use of Filters Manual for further explanation and directions It is located at this path MTC ENVSRVR4 Conservation Fish and 45 Wildlife1129 Bat Population Monitoring Supporting Documents amp Software AnaBat CD Manual AnalookWI 5 2 3 Identifying Bat Species with AnalookW Files The following bats are expected to be commonly found and recorded during monitoring sessions Big Brown Bat Eptesicus fuscus Eastern Red Bat Lasiurus borealis Evening Bat Nycticeius humeralis Tri colored Bat formerly Eastern Pipistrelle Perimyotis subflavus Brazilian Free tailed Bat Tadarida brasiliensis Rafinesque s Big eared Bat Corynorhinus rafinesquii Seminole Bat Lasiurus seminolus The following bats may exist at McCrady Training Center They may be recorded during monitoring sessions on rare occasions Southeastern Myotis Myotis austroriparius Silver haired Bat Lasionycteris noctivagans Hoary Bat Lasiurus cinereus The steps below provide directions for identifying bat calls illustrated in AnalookW 1 2 3 Only attempt to identify calls with a minimum of 5 pulses lines Attempting to identify calls with fewer pulses than this can easily lead to misidentifying the ca
12. Data in RTR 500DC Manager 1 2 3 4 Connect the RTR 500DC to the computer using the gray USB cord Open the RTR 500DC Manager program If the data list does not automatically generate click Communication gt Collect Data Info Highlight the data you want to download If wanting to download all the data press Ctrl a to select all 51 5 6 7 8 9 Right click and select Download Data When a new window appears click Start The program will then download all the selected data A limitation of this program is that it automatically saves the data on the C drive under Users gt Your user name gt My Documents TandD Corp gt RTR 500 for Windows gt data Inside the data folder is where the downloaded files are found Cut this data and go to the TRX Files folder located at this path MTC ENVSRVR4 Conservation Fish and Wildlife 129 Bat Population Monitoring Data RTR Collected Datal 10 Create a new folder with the collection date as the name and paste the downloaded data into the newly created folder 5 3 3 Creating Analyzing and Saving Data Graphs 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 In order to view data on a graph it must first be downloaded by following the directions in Section 5 3 2 In the RTR 500DC Manager program click Graph Open Temp Humidity Graph or Open Multi scale Graph Once the selected graph window appears click File Open and navigate to the saved data files
13. File Originals 7 Create a new folder and save the files in that location and include the date in the file name e g Batfiles 6 8 12 These files are not to be edited or changed They serve 42 as a safeguard against a data analysis or editing accident This is discussed in more detail in on page 44 8 Copy the files from the previous step and navigate to this path MTC ENVSRVR4 Conservation Fish and Wildlife 129 Bat Population Monitoring Data Overnight Monitoring 9 Open the folder that matches the site number of the data 10 Open the Bat File Edits folder and paste the newly created folder of data into this folder The files saved at these locations can be edited and changed for analysis 11 Repeat steps as necessary for each additional site 5 1 3 Downloading Data from the PDA only necessary for vehicle monitoring 1 Plug the PDA into the charging dock and plug the USB cord into the computer 2 Once the PDA has connected itself open Windows Mobile Device Center If needing to download Windows Mobile Device Center go to http www microsoft com en us download details aspx id 14 and follow the download instructions Installation can only be performed when logged in as an administrator 3 Go to Start gt All Programs 4 Click Connect without setting up your device 5 Scroll over the File Management and click Browse the contents of your device 6 Double click the PDA file and open the My Docum
14. Files folder N Folders and N Files show the number of new folders that were created and new files copied Files with multiple labels will be dispersed into every folder for which they have a label Finally if a folder does not exist yet for a specific species label AnalookW will automatically create one during the dispersing process 5 2 7 Converting and Displaying GPS in a Spreadsheet Vehicle Monitoring Only 1 Open AnalookW and click File 2 Open Anabat file 48 2 3 4 5 6 7 Select the mapped network drive on the desktop containing the bat files and navigate to the bat files folder that corresponds with the desired GPS data and open it With the corresponding bat files now open in AnalookW click Tools gt Converter gt GPS PDA to Excel In the new window click Source and navigate to the GPS abg file that matches the previously opened bat files Make sure the time zone is set to 4 Click Run Once the status states Operation successful click Quit This process creates a spreadsheet of all the GPS data that is saved within the folder of the open bat files and is entitled GPS EXCEL Select this file and add the date it was taken to the file name Even files that have been deleted in AnalookW will be included on this spreadsheet 5 2 8 Converting and Displaying GPS in Google Earth Vehicle Monitoring Only 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Make sure all unwanted AnalookW files have been delet
15. If a new sign needs to be printed and laminated it is located at this path MTC ENVSRVR4 Conservation Fish and Wildlife 129 Bat Population Monitoring Data Data Collection Sheets With the detector OFF remove the microphone from the detector 3 Safely secure the detector within the bucket using approximately 10 12 ofthe 6 x 3 6 x 1 5 inch sponges Make sure none of the buttons are accidentally being pressed from the pressure of the sponges 4 Reattach the microphone through the bottom of the bucket 5 Power the detector on make sure it enters Standby mode and close the lid 6 Wrap and tie rope around the bucket and tree pole to provide extra stability 7 Take another piece of rope to loop through one end ofthe Plexiglas Loop it by going down through the first hole on the side labeled UP and back through the other hole This will ensure the loop created by doing this will be on the underside of the plank 8 Make sure the rope looped through the plank is even on both sides 9 With the UP plank side facing the sky tie the rope ends to the bottom of the bucket handle on their respective sides 10 Loop another piece of rope through the other end of the Plexiglas using the same method as in step 5 and tie it around the tree pole The Plexiglas should be at a 45 60 angle in comparison to the bottom of the bucket and lie 4 6 inches away from the microphone 11 With everything now tied some adjustments will l
16. also filters saved on the network that can be loaded into AnalookW The final alternative is to create a new filter that can also be saved for later use If ever becoming lost or confused within the appearance of a file when experimenting with different filters press the Esc key to return the file to its original format Builtin Filters 1 2 3 Click Filter gt Builtin and select a numbered filter The higher the filter number the more points it will remove The suggested number is 9 but it may be helpful to experiment with other numbered filters to see what is best for the call being analyzed The selected filter can be switched off by pressing the Page Down key on the keyboard Pressing the Page Up key turns the filter back on Toggle between having a filter and no filter and closely analyze the bat calls Make sure that points representing bat calls were not accidentally removed by the filter If such points are being removed select a lower numbered filter or follow the next steps to create a new filter Do the same if not enough excess points are being removed except select a higher numbered filter Loading a Saved Filter 1 2 3 Click Filter gt Load and navigate to the mapped network drive Once the mapped network drive is selected go to Fish and Wildlife gt 129 Bat Population Monitoring gt Supporting Documents amp Software gt Bat Call Reference Library Select either Filter A or Filter B
17. and open the RTR500DC application Another option is to access it through the Start menu 8 Click Settings gt Remote Unit Registration 9 Select Base Unit Settings in the left panel 10 Set F as the Unit of Temperature select Set Time to Computer Clock under Current Time and set Time Zone to be UTC 5 00 11 Click Apply 3 3 4 Remote Unit Registration The User Manual for the remote units is located at this path MTC ENVSRVR4 Conservation Fish and Wildlife 129 Bat Population Monitoring Supporting Documents amp Software RTR 500DC Materials Software Installation Files A diagram listing the parts of the RTR 503 is located in on page 64 Figure 18 37 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 If necessary assemble the large capacity battery pack RTR 500B1 and attach them to the remote unit s Follow the directions provided in the RTR 500B1 User s Manual that is found within the folder linked above and called rtr 500B 1 usermanual Plug the gray USB cable into the data collector and computer Power the RTR 500DC on if it does not turn on automatically Open the RTR500DC Manager Click Settings Remote Unit Registration Select Remote Unit Settings in the left panel Click Register and click Yes when asked Do you wish to register this Remote Unit Connect the data logger and remote unit to each other as prompted by the directions on screen Assign the remote unit to McCrady
18. as By night and Dummy Lines to None 12 Click Run Name the file Species Count followed by the date of the files 13 Navigate to the Species Files folder in Windows Explorer by following the same path as given in step 2 The newly created file will be a txt file within the Species Files folder 47 14 The settings listed in step 11 are only suggestions To learn more about the various settings of the count labels tool navigate to this path MTC ENVSRVR4 Conservation Fish and Wildlife 129_ Bat Population Monitoring Supporting Documents amp Software vAnaBat CD amp Manual AnalookW The document is entitled The count labels tool 5 2 5 Marking AnalookW Files 1 Marking files provides many ways to keep files organized by copying moving deletion or manipulation When a file is marked it is essentially being selected First to access the different marking options go to File 2 Marking 2 This opens a dropdown menu of several options including mark unmark mark all unmark all and reverse all Another option under the File menu is to Mark if labelled A file is considered to be labeled when any information is found in the Species field Mark files as desired for organizing 3 Once files are marked click Edit and select from the options of copy move or delete The selection process here all depends upon what is being done with the data 4 A fourth option under the Edit menu for marked files is Global
19. at sunset and end at sunrise By setting the time parameters this way it ensures that no possible bat call will be missed Protecting the Anabat SD2 against any precipitation or excessive moisture in the air is also vitally important The SD2 is not water resistant and can be permanently damaged if it gets wet A simple setup using a bucket rope Plexiglas and sponges has been developed to protect the SD2 60 The SD2 goes upside down in the bucket along with the sponges which help retain moisture from getting to the SD2 The bucket is the main source of protection against the outdoor elements It gets suspended by the rope to a tree or other stable structure The Plexiglas is placed underneath everything at an approximate 45 angle to reflect the bat calls into the microphone Come morning the setup is disassembled and the data from the CF card is downloaded onto the PC using the CFCread software As with vehicle data collection extraneous noises are filtered out during analysis Tunnel Data There are three RTR 503L temperature and humidity data loggers within the five abandoned range tunnels for a total of fifteen The names they have been assigned are the last two digits of their respective serial numbers Data from the loggers can only be downloaded one unit at a time because the heavy concrete of the tunnels severely impacts the wireless download range of the RTR 500 DC handheld Data from the loggers nearest the tunnel entrance can be succ
20. ee ee ee RR ee ee nn entres sss inna ee esse s ssa eite eee essais Re ee sana aun 38 4 2 OVERNIGHT 1 esse see ee ee ee sess sena ee ee RR ee ee a ete ee ee ee ee 39 4 3 RANGE TUNNEL TEMPERATURE HUMIDITY MONITORING 40 SECTION 5 DATA ANALYSI S 41 S L DOWNLOADING AND SAVING DATA ca ca 41 5 2 DATA ANALYSIS USING ANALOORW cc iia 44 5 3 DATA ANALYSIS OF TEMPERATURE HUMIDITY DATA 8 51 5 4 DATA ANALYSIS USING ECHOCLASS AUTOMATED ID 53 SECTION 6 BASIC OPERATION SUMMATRY 53 1 1 EIGHT SIMPLE STEPS TO MONITORING ee ee ee ee ee ee RR Re ee ee ee RR ee ee ee ee ee ee ee ee ee 53 APPENDIX I ANABAT SD2 DETECTOR REFERENCE DIAGRA MS 55 APPENDIX II MONITORING CHECKLISTS 56 APPENDIX III ACOUSTIC MONITORING DATASHEET 57 APPENDIX IV MONITORING MAP 58 APPENDIX V DOWNLOAD OPTIONS FOR CF CAR
21. firmware hax file is valid and uncorrupted DATA DIV 16 The existing firmware is being erased DATA DIV 8 The new firmware is being programmed DATA DIV 4 The new firmware has successfully been programmed When the upgrade is installed successfully a distinct four tone sound will be heard from the detector and it will reboot If the upgrade is unsuccessful and a low pitch is heard one of the steps in the upgrade failed The detector will reboot and continue to run normally If ALL the LEDs start flashing one of the steps failed after the old firmware was erased Do not power off Eject the CF card insert it into the PC and make sure the firmware hax file is not corrupt In both situations of an unsuccessful install check the latest log file within the log folder on the CF card and look for any issues to be described there 28 Upgrading firmware needs to be performed only bi annually 1 3 10 Setting Time on the Detector s Internal Clock 1 Remove the CF card if inside the detector 2 Power on the detector and connect it to the PC via the USB port 3 Open the CFCread program and select the port connected to the detector Refer to on page 23 for directions on how to determine which port number the detector is using 4 Click Open and then click Check in the bottom right of the window to check the date The time difference between PC and the detector will be given under Status 5 If necessary to change the time of the Anabat so it matche
22. for Group Name The Remote Unit Name for each remote unit is determined by the last two characters of its serial number SN For example if a remote unit has an SN of 32BC02BB its Remote Unit Name is BB The Remote Unit Number is predetermined by the program 10 Communication Frequency Channel Ch 1 and Ch 2 should be preset as 1 Temperature and Humidity respectively If not make sure the Group Name is correct 11 Set Recording Mode to Endless 12 Set Recording Interval to 60 min 13 Set Warning Monitoring to OFF 14 The registration information should look similar to Table 5 Once everything is correct click Register 15 Repeat steps 7 15 for each additional remote unit Table 5 Example of remote unit information Serial Number 32BC02BB Group Name McCrady Remote Unit Name BB Remote Unit Number 2 Communication Frequen 1 Ch 1 Temperature Ch 2 Humidity Recording Mode Endless Recording Interval 60 min Warning Monitoring OFF Section 4 Monitoring Procedures in the act of monitoring This section describes the process and procedures to remember while monitoring is in progress It covers both vehicle and overnight monitoring Also included are the steps to collect data from the temperature humidity data loggers Most turns on the vehicle monitoring route are marked with pink and yellow reflective tape 4 1 Vehicle Monitoring 38 4 1 1 Final Procedures before Monitoring Begins 1 Drive to th
23. it to switch between the GPS map and the main AnaPocket screen 3 1 4 Filling out the Monitoring Datasheet If a datasheet is needed either print it from on page 57 or from this path MTC ENVSRVR4 Conservation Fish and Wildlife 129 Bat Population Monitoring Data Data Collection Sheets The file is entitled Acoustic Monitoring Datasheet The following is a breakdown of how to complete the datasheet Investigator s List everyone involved in monitoring for given night Date Day the monitoring occurred Monitoring Type Check either Vehicle or Overnight Monitoring Number Follows in sequence of last number for each monitoring type If vehicle monitoring the number should include V for vehicle monitoring and an E for east or W for west to denote starting point ex 2VE If overnight monitoring the number should include N for overnight monitoring ex 2N Anabat Number s Assigned number e g ANABAT 1 of detector s being used Both the detector and box are labeled Start Lat Long Latitude and longitude of the starting point when performing vehicle monitoring or the location where the detector is placed for overnight monitoring Give the location s in decimal degrees The coordinate points can be found at the top of the GPS map in AnaPocket on the PDA End Lat Long Latitude and longitude of the ending point when performing vehicle monitoring Give the location in decimal degrees
24. manually save detected bat calls It can also produce a 40 kHz calibration tone when not monitoring 25 10 LOW BATTERY Indicates internal or external battery power is low 11 SENSITIVITY Control Adjusts the sensitivity of the microphone to detect bat calls Rotate clockwise to increase sensitivity and vice versa 12 AUDIO MIC Used to detect audio or voice comments when the MIC button is pressed 13 SPEAKER Emits sounds captured by microphone after going through audio division 1 2 2 Side Panel Connectors Figure 2 1 2 3 4 5 6 HEADPHONES Insert headphones into jack to listen to bat calls using headphones rather than the loudspeaker COMPUTER SERIAL PORT This port is used to connect the bat detector to a PC or PDA using the cable supplied by Titley Scientific USB This port is also used to connect the bat detector to a PC or PDA It cannot be used as a host for external hard drives or USB thumb drives HF OUTPUT This port is used to connect the detector to an external high speed A D card and separate storage device such as a laptop to process and save full spectrum signals See page 19 in the User Manual for further explanation 12 VOLTS An external 12 Volt battery can be connected to power the SD2 DIGITAL VO Digital VO port is used to connect external equipment such as a weather station to the detector and is configured to switch the SD2 on or off remotely See page 20 in the User Manua
25. of WNS contamination at the county level from April 8 2013 Appendix B Recorded Bat Calls Map 160 to iud y Aepocin ea ipio 7 amoy uta jut04 SID ICH ww sjeg p p 103232 Y Suq jeqeuy Appendix C Point Density Maps EH L 1 amp ysuaq JULO 71078 unr SISATEUV JISUI jutod NOU SurALI 3eqeuy amoy xa d n nz EH A isu ql Juro 7107 97 Pune SIS BU Y Ajisuag JULO Y NOU SUIALIG IEEUV 18 sasawa sa m lt lt 1 Ayisuaq Juro y 7107 yc Amt SIS BU Y JISUIC Julod moq unuq jeqeuy 19 Appendix D Tunnel Data Logger Results Relative Humidity Results Groups Minimum Maximum Average 61 92419 Groups Maximum BA 62 D 4 BC 3236 66 02 49 34986 B9 37 76 70 34 149 77744 cs 38 84 66 02 149 24166 6 3218 C7 3902 63 68 50 65242 EA 428 635 506516 E2 4118 73 94 51 47866 mn 67 3614 62 24 E9 3236 6638 48 74227 Overall 30 32 73 94 49 6997 Table B Temperature and relative humidity data for tunnel data loggers 20 80 70 6 o 5 4 o 3 o 2 1 o o 120 100 8 o 6 o 4 o 2 o BA BB Table C Graphs of temperature and relative humidity data for tunnel data loggers Temperature 2F BC BD m Minimum amp Maximum Average Relative Humi
26. place to start Perform these procedures within an hour of heading into the field 30 3 1 Vehicle Monitoring This monitoring method is effective when needing to cover large distances in a fairly short amount of time Monitoring can be performed from either truck or UTV with the latter being the preferred method A map of the 25 mile monitoring route can be found in on page 57 The file path is located at the bottom ofthe map Data needs to be collected from this route once per month alternating starting points each time 3 1 1 Setting up the Detector for Vehicle Monitoring 1 Ifusing a CF card to save data insert it now If using a PDA skip to Section 3 1 2 and complete steps 1 5 before moving on to step 2 in this section 2 Attach the green microphone to the roof mount if not already attached 3 Remove the red base cover 4 Make sure the roof surface is clean and attach the roof mount to the passenger side roof of the vehicle by repeatedly pressing the white plunger until the red line is no longer visible 5 Point the microphone straight up towards the sky 6 Make sure the detector is off and connect the roof mount cable to the microphone socket on the detector Remove the black microphone from detector 1f needed 7 Power the detector on 8 Adjust detector settings Sensitivity Volume as needed The recommended sensitivity level is 6 but can be lowered slightly if too much excess noise is being recorded 3 1 2 PDA Se
27. suspend the monitoring session by tapping STOP on the PDA When ready to resume tap Rec Monitor if automatically saving bat calls or Rec gt Record if manually saving calls If using the CF card e Carefully listen to the detector to determine if it is recording too much road noise Lower the sensitivity from its suggested level of 6 if necessary to correct this problem However the sensitivity should never drop below 5 f needing to stop or backtrack suspend the monitoring session by simply turning the detector off When ready to resume turn the detector back on This will create a new log file on the CF card It is vital to make note of this for when it comes time to download the data onto the computer 4 2 Overnight Monitoring 4 2 1 Final Procedures before Monitoring Begins Reference pictures for setting up protective equipment as described in the following steps can be found in 60 Figures 4 6 It is suggested that two people assist each other in the setup of the protective equipment 1 Upon arrival to the monitoring site select a tree or gate if monitoring outside of tunnels that is appropriate for hanging the bucket and Plexiglas plank The tree should have a 39 branch that the bucket handle can hang from with the bottom of the bucket hanging at least 4 feet from the ground Ifhanging from a gate hang handle from the top bar preferably using zip ties 2 Ifa DO NOT DISTURB sign is not on the bucket attach one now
28. the card These files keep a log of everything done while the detector was on This includes buttons pressed operating modes and any errors that may have occurred To access the log information 1 2 3 Power off the detector and remove the CF card Insert it into the PC and open the card files Inside the log folder is where the log files are automatically stored This folder can hold up to 99 files log99 txt Once that limit is reached the older files will be overwritten starting with log01 txt Therefore the highest numbered file may not be the newest The syslog txt folder will give the name of the file it plans to create next which helps to identify the newest file For example if the next file to be created is log05 txt then the newest file should be log04 txt 1 3 4 Check CF card storage Checking for CF card storage is explained in on page 24 1 3 5 Set Data Division Ratio Data division ratios record data points in the resulting sonograms for the purpose of Zero Crossings Analysis Data division ratio options are 4 8 and 16 The lower the division number the more points recorded and storage required Press the DATA DIV button to toggle between ratios The recommended ratio is 8 because it of its effectiveness in analyzing short duration calls and whispering bats such as the Rafinesque s big eared If using the PDA make sure the data divisions set on the detector and PDA match For directions on how to change
29. the setting on the PDA refer to on page 31 A data division of 16 can be used if lack of storage space is an issue because it requires the least amount of space 1 3 6 Set Audio Division Ratio Audio division ratios take the frequencies recorded above the range of human hearing and divide them by the selected ratio This makes them audible to human ears through the speaker Audio division ratio options are 8 16 and 32 Press the AUDIO DIV button to toggle between ratios The recommended ratio is 16 Therefore if a 40 kHz bat call is recorded with the setting at 16 a 2 5 kHz tone will be heard through the speaker Pressing the Save button while in Forced Command mode will produce a 40 kHz signal This can be used as a reference to compare and learn how different bats produce different sounding frequencies 1 3 7 Test the Microphone System 1 Make sure no CF card is installed in the detector and power it on 27 2 The detector should be in Command mode with the STATUS and ERROR LEDS lit 3 Adjust the sensitivity to 5 and the volume up or down as necessary 4 Rub fingers together above microphone Ifthe detector is working correctly sound should be produced out of the speaker 1 3 8 Checking Firmware 1 2 3 4 5 Connect the detector to the PC via the USB port cable Make sure no CF card is installed Turn the detector on and open the CFCread program Select the port that is in use by the detector This info
30. within the folder 16 Tap Shift gt Del to delete all the files within the folder Tap Yes to confirm deleting files Do not worry about permanently losing any files for use on the PDA They can always be copied from the computer using Windows Mobile Device Center 17 Disconnect the PDA from the computer 18 Repeat steps 8 and 9 but this time under Running Programs just select to Stop All 43 5 1 4 Downloading the GPS data from the PDA When vehicle monitoring all the GPS data is automatically downloaded with the other files because the GPS data is embedded with the AnaPocket files recorded during each monitoring session When overnight monitoring a single GPS point should be taken of each location and recorded on the datasheet and then transferred onto an Excel file 5 1 5 Transferring Datasheet Information to an Excel File If Vehicle Monitoring 1 2 3 Document everything recorded on the datasheet into the appropriate Excel file For West MTC ENVSRVR4 Conservation Fish and Wildlife 129 Bat Population Monitoring Data Vehicle Monitoring West Start Data Collection Excel Tables For East MTC ENVSRVR4 Conservation Fish and Wildlife 129 Bat Population Monitoring Data Vehicle Monitoring East Start Data Collection Excel Tables The file containing a blank datasheet is entitled Data Collection Sheet Template Use the completed datasheets located within the same folder for referenc
31. 3 Use of Ultrasonic Detectors for Acoustic Identification and Study of Bat Ecology in the Eastern United States PhD Thesis Tennessee Technological University Brooks Robert T 2009 Habitat associated and temporal patterns of bat activity in a diverse forest landscape of southern New England USA Biodiversity and Conservation 529 545 Bunch Mary James Sorrow and Amy Sparano 1998 Leesburg Training Site Bat Population Monitoring Project Report South Carolina Department of Natural Resources Corben Chris 2011 AnaBat SD2 Compact Flash Bat Detector Titley Scientific 1 106 Dzal Yvonne Liam P McGuire Nina Veselka and M Brock Fenton 2010 Going going gone the impact of white nose syndrome on the summer activity of the little brown bat Myotis lucifugus Biology Letters 392 394 Foley Janet Deana Clifford Kevin Castle Paul Cryan and Richard S Ostfeld 2011 Investigating and Managing the Rapid Emergence of White Nose Syndrome a Novel Fatal Infectious Disease of Hibernating Bats Conservation Biology 223 231 Ford W Mark Jennifer M Menzel Michael A Menzel John W Edwards and John C Kilgo 2006 Presence and Absence of Bats Across Habitat Scales in the Upper Coastal Plain of South Carolina Journal of Wildlife Management 1200 1209 Kunz Thomas H Elizabeth Braun de Torrez Dana Bauer Tatyana Lobova and Theodore H Fleming 2011 Ecosystem services provided by bats Annals of the New York Acade
32. ATA Off Off Off Flash Flash Off Off will also flash when valid GPS fixes are received if SD2 is connected to a GPS unit Section 3 Monitoring Types amp Setup This section details the monitoring types and how to set them up to begin monitoring All steps that need to be taken prior to the actual monitoring are covered for both vehicle and overnight The final part of this section provides instructions for the setup and installation of the temperature and humidity data loggers mounted in the old range tunnels The decontamination process prior to entering the tunnels is included in this section Finally it should be noted that the weather conditions are the most significant determining factor on whether monitoring can occur on a given day Bats are much less active on nights when it is foggy or raining windy or the temperature drops below approximately 60 F Additionally Anabat SD2 detectors are not waterproof Exposure to rain or excessive humidity can damage them beyond repair In high humidity the detector s range for recording calls is also restricted Therefore they must only be used in dry conditions and be stored in a protective container when monitoring overnight Finally weather conditions on sampling nights should be as similar to each other as feasibly possible This consistency is important in being able to compare data collected on different nights Following the weather related parameters given above is a good
33. EE T T T T T T T T 0 02 0 04 0 06 0 08 0 10 0 12 0 14 0 16 0 18 0 20 0 22 0 24 0 26 0 28 0 30 Figure 15 An example of road noise recorded by the detector 90k 80k 70k 60k SOk 45k 40k 35k 30k 25k 20k 18k T T T T T T T T T 00 0 02 0 04 0 06 0 08 0 10 0 12 0 14 0 16 0 18 0 20 0 22 0 24 0 26 0 28 0 30 Figure 16 An example of insect noise recorded by the detector 63 Appendix VIII RTR 500DC RTR 503 Reference Diagrams 26 3 Unit mm T Antenna Connector 8 Antenna 2 Operation Dial itd USB Communication Cable Jack 3 LCD Display nt RS 232C Communication Cable Jack 4 lt List gt Button 12 AC Adaptor Jack 5 lt Collect gt Button 13 Battery Cover 6 Power Button 7 Optical Communication Area 8 Slitted Area Figure 17 Diagram listing the parts of the RTR 500DC RTR 501 RTR 502 503 Figure 18 Diagram listing the parts of the RTR 500 remote unit models The RTR 503 model is on the right 64 Appendix IX Map of Range Tunnel Locations Remote Unit Locations E 3 lt E o ke Q E Tani hoe Hond 0 190 300 uers Appendix X Artificial Bat Roost ta Ya Vi D Figure 20 Artificial bat roost and surrounding habitat 66
34. Header Change Selecting it will open a new window entitled Alter fields for global header change It contains all the same fields as the Global Header Change box at the bottom of the screen The only difference here is that when any information is added to the Alter fields box it is applied to every marked file 5 To delete information within the Global Header Change box from all marked files type a tilde into the fields wanting to be cleared of information 5 2 6 Deleting and Dispersing AnalookW Files 1 Atthis point all files containing bat calls should be labeled with either a specific species or an unknown if they are to be kept 2 Click File gt Mark if labelled 3 Click File gt Marking gt Reverse All Now all the unlabeled files should be marked 4 Click Edit Delete if marked Now only the labeled files should remain 5 Next is to disperse the files into their appropriate species specific folders Go to File gt Disperse 6 Under the To section click Other 7 Navigate to the mapped network drive and click Fish and Wildlife 129 Bat Population Monitoring gt Data gt AnaBat Individual Species 8 Under Action select Copy Do not select Move because that will remove the files from their original location 9 Click Run AnalookW will disperse each bat call file into a folder that matches its label For example a file labeled EPFU will be copied into a folder with the same name within the Species
35. Highlight the desired file and click Open In the graphs Chl is temperature and Ch2 is relative humidity These can be turned on or off by clicking the corresponding blue numbers on the toolbar Additional remote until graphs can be added by going to File Open selecting a different remote unit and clicking Add The newly added data will be assigned the next two available channels but still represents temperature and relative humidity respectively When analyzing the graphs look for any gaps of anomalies within the data Either of these situations could mean a malfunctioning remote unit and should be further investigated These graphs can only be saved as trx files which are not widely compatible If needing to save and share a graph the best alternative is to use the Snipping Tool It is found in the Accessories folder under the Start menu Once open click and drag across the area needing to be captured Save it as either a PNG or JPEG file in the Graphs folder Use the path link provided in step 8 Include the type of graph it is and the date in the file name 5 3 4 Importing Graph Data into Excel 1 2 3 4 5 6 Complete steps 1 4 from the previous section Click File 2 Save Data in Text File Make the delimiter Comma and set the Range to be saved as All data Navigate to IMTC ENVSRVR4 Conservation Fish and Wildlife 129 Bat Population Monitoring Data RTR Collected Data Text Files Create a new folder
36. Species Specific Bat Activity amp Susceptibility to White nose Syndrome McCrady SCARNG Training Center Eastover SC Jake Rougeaux MEERM AWNES Project Deliverable April 2013 REPORT CONTENTS Saken IRCH HEN AE 4 INTRODUCTION c 4 MCCRADY TRAINING CENTER 4 WHITE NOSE BYNDROME 7 E ESE EEESEEEESEE EEEE EEEEEEEESEEEEEEE EEEE EEEE 4 ANABAT DETECTOR amp RTR DATA Loop 5 PROJECT OVERVIEW EE E ee eie de 5 PROJECT OOAD S EE EE EE uN 8 6 DATA COLLECTION METHOLS 7 VEH CELEDATAT ese Se s EE 7 OVERNIGHT ee rod s c b ed cl e 7 TUNNEL DATA ad sb b n dad eo b dde AE n n n 7 DATA ANALYSIS METHOLS 8 MBHIGEE DATA x LLL B H LU U 8 CIVERN OHEDATA tiet concise eter terio tios ones 8 TONNEL DATA me 9 RESUP EE 9 VEHICLE DATA aa cta 9 OVERNIGHT DATA EM 10 EUNNEEDATA CE 10 LIMETATIONS EE 11 LOOKING RR ER s sli 11 BIBLIOGRAPH Vidas EE OE EE OSO Ebo Pass ae SRM mu E ku u Suma TE Aa 13 APPENDIX A WNS MAP LEE 15 APPENDIX B RECORDED BAT CALLS MAP 16 APPENDIX C POIN
37. T DENSITY MAPBS 17 APPENDIX D TUNNEL DATA LOGGER RESULITS 20 GUIDE BOOK SOP CONTENTS BAT MONITORING 6 WHITE NOSE SYNDROME PREVENTION GUIDE BOOK SOP 22 SECTION 1 SETUP amp PREPARING TO MONITOR 23 11 DETECTOR 23 1 2 DETECTOR BUTTONS amp CONNECTORS OPERATION ee ee sn anne nn ee 25 1 3 SYSTEM CHECKS PRIOR TO MONITORING ee ee n retine ee 26 SECTIONA2 OPERATIONS u ee e l uu lu lQ u aaa ERES CERE NR E ER ES 29 2 1 OPERATIONS OVER is 29 SECTION 3 MONITORING TYPES amp SETUP 30 3 1 VEHICLE MONITORING ul ese ee ee se ee ee ee ee ee ee ee ioie ees ee ee Ge ee ee ee Ge ee ee ee ee ee ee 31 3 2 OVERNIGHT 1 esse ee u ee ee ee ene ee ee rhe s ee ee eh ese re ese ee ee ese ee ee ee ee 34 3 3 RANGE TUNNEL TEMPERATURE HUMIDITY MONITORING occccccnnnnnononononononononocononononononirrncnonononeninicinonon 36 SECTION 4 MONITORING PROCEDURES IN THE OF MONTTORING 38 4 1 VEHICLE MONITORING sesse ese ee ee ee ee
38. V See on page 27 about setting the division ratios for details 53 5 6 7 8 Adjust volume Press the UP or DOWN arrow buttons Adjust sensitivity Setting the sensitivity at 7 is typically the standard but can be adjusted accordingly Ideally the detector should only be making a sound when a bat is detected On completion of recording session Press the POWER button It is now safe to remove the CF card Download and view data Use the CFCread program to download the saved data from the CF card onto your computer Then use the AnalookW program to view analyze and identify the bat calls to species See on page 41 on downloading data from the CF card for details and on page 44 for instructions on using AnalookW 54 Appendix I Anabat SD2 Detector Reference Diagrams lg IMA a e Zeg EE EE Figure 1 Anabat SD2 detector Front Panel Buttons and Functions Figure 3 Anabat SD2 detector Rear Panel with CF card access d Figure 2 Anabat SD2 detector Side Panel Connectors 55 Appendix II Monitoring Checklists Vehicle Monitoring Items Checklist Anabat SD2 Bat Detector Roof Mount Route Map 2 CF Cards if not using PDA PDA and CF Card important to have CF card at all times in the event of PDA malfunction PDA Bracket GPS Attachment to PDA Datasheet Pen Extra AA Bat
39. and negatively impacts aquatic environments Specific to MTC the abandoned range tunnels are a potential habitat for WNS and bat infection This is why strict and continual monitoring of their conditions is incredibly important Anabat Detector amp RTR Data Logger The series of Anabat detectors are among the most commonly used in acoustical bat surveys The SD2 is the chosen model for this project 55 Along with recording and saving bat calls it is able to divide call frequencies down so they are audible to humans There are three ways to collect data with the SD2 including on foot by vehicle and placing it in a stationary location to record overnight Corben 2011 The latter two methods are being used in this project and are discussed in more detail in the Data Collection Methods section The guide book and SOP hereafter SOP attached at the end of the document focuses primarily on the setup and operation of the SD2 and also instructs the user how to analyze the data Also included under Data Collection Methods and the SOP are the details for the RTR 503L temperature and humidity data loggers Fifteen of these units were installed in the tunnels They continuously record on the hour the temperature and relative humidity within the five abandoned range tunnels to see if they are within the habitable range of G destructans The stored data is downloading wirelessly using the RTR 500DC handheld 64 This wireless device allows for the n
40. ase the data using CFCread Instructions for this are found in on page 41 To avoid this check the storage space remaining by holding the RECORD button Table 2 outlines the CF storage readings Table 2 Anabat SD2 CF card status messages CF Status ful ful lt full gt 4 ful ff RECORD Off O ff STANDBY Off STATUS Off 1 2 Detector Buttons amp Connectors Operation See on page 55 for illustrations of each button and connector 1 2 1 Front Panel Buttons and Functions Figure 1 1 POWER Turns the bat detector on and off 2 RECORD STANDBY Controls operating modes of the bat detector 3 VOLUME UP amp DOWN Adjusts the volume hear through the loudspeaker or headphones 4 LEDs ON OFF Turns all LED indicator lights on and off except for the ERROR LED 5 LEDs RECORD STANDBY STATUS ERROR DATA Indicate the operating modes ofthe bat detector and CF card status See on page 29 for a further explanation of operating modes 6 DATA DIV 16 8 4 Press to select data division ratio indicated by LEDs See on page 27 for a further explanation of data divisions 7 AUDIO DIV 32 16 8 Press to select audio division ratio indicated by LEDs See 27 for a further explanation of audio divisions 8 MIC Press to record audio or voice comments All other bat detector functions will be suppressed while comments are recorded The CF must be installed to record comments 9 SAVE Press to
41. ate to the appropriate Sonograms folder Each overnight data collection site has its own folder and a Sonograms folder exists for both east and west vehicle monitoring For example if saving a sonogram that was recorded overnight at Site 1 go to Fish and Wildlife 2 129 Bat Population Monitoring gt Data gt Overnight Monitoring gt Site 1 gt Sonograms Save the snip as a jpeg and make the file name the same as the file time given for the sonogram in AnalookW This information appears in the bottom left corner of AnalookW Additionally include the bat species if possible e g 20120608 2042 42 EPFU 5 3 Data Analysis of Temperature Humidity Data Loggers 5 3 Viewing Data on the RTR 500DC 1 2 3 4 5 6 In the Main Menu of the RTR 500DC scroll down to Data List and select it by pressing in on the dial Scroll to highlight the desired remote unit and press in on the dial to select Scroll and highlight Display Graph Select it by once again pressing the dial There are two graphs that can be displayed The temperature graph is channel 1 and the humidity graph channel 2 Toggle between the two channels by pressing and holding in the dial The channel being displaying will be highlighted in the top left corner of the screen Use the dial to move along the graph and display each recording To display a different remote unit press the dial and continue to select Back until reaching the desired screen 5 3 2 Downloading
42. created and applied a guide book and standard operating procedure SOP for collecting acoustical bat data and other relevant information at McCrady Training Center MTC A 15 000 acre South Carolina Army National Guard SCARNG training facility MTC is located in Eastover South Carolina There are seven confirmed bat species at MTC 46 but this number is not exhaustive Bunch et al 2008 It is likely that migratory species including the Hoary bat Lasiurus cinereus briefly roost and forage at MTC during their travels Of particular concern are the five abandoned range tunnels at MTC Bats including the state endangered Rafinesque s big eared bat Corynorhinus rafinesquii roost in these tunnels White nose Syndrome Bats play a vital role in sustaining a healthy ecosystem The majority or bats survive on insects fruit or nectar All bat species in South Carolina are insectivores Menzel et al 2003 A current threat to bats throughout the eastern United States and Canada and the ecosystems they help maintain is white nose syndrome WNS Fatal to several species of bats WNS is caused by the cold loving fungus Geomyces destructans lt thrives at temperatures between 2 10 C but it can survive in temperatures as high as 20 C Foley et al 2011 There is no known threshold for relative humidity but it prefers humid environments Thus far it has only been found in caves and old mines When bats hibernate in these locations they drop t
43. ction began in June 2012 and has been performed sparingly since that time Now that the SOP is nearing completion data collection can become much more of a focus The SOP is considered near completion because it will likely continue to evolve and change slightly over the next several years For example the construction of four artificial bat roosts at MTC is currently a work in progress Vehicle data collection needs to be performed once per month and overnight collection done every two weeks as weather conditions permit Weather conditions are a serious limiting factor The Anabat SD2 is easily susceptible to water damage and bats are not active at night if conditions are not right for foraging For example if the temperature is below 15 C bats will not be very active Additionally if it is rainy or foggy bats will be less active as well Britzke 2003 Data will need to be collected once per month from the RTR 503L tunnel units Not only is it important to download the new data but of possibly greater importance is ensuring that all units are functioning properly Project Goals The goals have shifted throughout the course of the project but many of the essential goals have remained unchanged The most important goal as mentioned in the Project Overview is to identify and monitor the bat species at MTC using the Anabat SD2 and observe the conditions of the abandoned range tunnels to determine WNS risk potential through the establishment of t
44. dity 96 BC BD B9 C3 C5 C6 C7 m Minimum H Maximum H Average 21 SOUTH CAROLINA ARMY NATIONAL GUARD Bat Monitoring amp White nose Syndrome Prevention Guide Book amp SOP Section 1 Setup amp Preparing to Monitor This section is broken into three sub sections The first sub section provides directions for setting up the detector Each of these steps needs to be completed only once per detector or CF card The second sub section describes the function of the buttons and connectors located on the exterior of the detector and how to properly insert the CF card The final sub section is a list of system checks to perform prior to monitoring Make note that some checks should be performed every time while others only need to be done sparingly 1 1 Detector Setup 1 1 1 Copy amp Download CD Contents e Files and programs for the Anabat SD2 detector be found at this path MTC ENVSRVR4 Conservation Fish and Wildlife1129 Bat Population Monitoring Supporting Documents amp Softwarel e All programs and user manuals are located within the folder entitled AnaBat CD amp Manual This includes the primary user manual entitled SD2 user manual v1 5 e All files and programs can also be found on the CD provided with the detector 1 1 2 Install USB drivers for Detector and PDA This process is only done when a COM port needs to be created for the detectors This port allows the detectors to operate
45. during monitoring etc make sure it is noted on the datasheet 3 1 6 Vehicle Monitoring Items Checklist Anabat SD2 Bat Detector O Roof Mount Route Map 2 CF Cards if not using PDA PDA and CF Card important to have CF card at all times in the event ofa PDA malfunction O PDA Bracket GPS Attachment to PDA Datasheet see Appendix III Pen Extra AA Batteries Flashlight and Headlamps Orange Vests Communications Radio Small Flathead Screwdriver for USB Cable OOo Checklist can also be found in on page 56 for printing 3 2 Overnight Monitoring This monitoring method is effective when needing to monitor a particular area for an extended period of time typically a full night For this monitoring method the detector should be placed in a protective bucket with only the microphone exposed to help protect it from the elements The bucket is attached a tree or pole along with a reflective plank so the bat calls can bounce off the plank and be received by the microphone This process allows the detector to be safely protected while minimally affecting the bat call receiving quality and accuracy More information regarding protecting the detectors is given in 39 A map of numbering the six monitoring sites can be found in 57 The file path is located at the bottom of the map Data needs to be collected from the six monitoring points e g range tunnels once per month Three overnight monitorin
46. dwest Endangered mammals inba inbasummersurveyguidance html Check this website every couple months to determine when and if improvements to the software are being made Currently Echoclass is nothing more than an interesting tool for immediate but unreliable bat call identification If interested in experimenting with the software download and install it by clicking the above link There is also an instruction manual for download which will presumably be updated with each software update The instruction manual is vital because it outlines the specific way the data folders must be named and structured for the program to work Section 6 Basic Operation Summary This section outlines the basic steps that need to be executed to effectively use the Anabat SD2 detector It is designed to serve as a quick reference guide 1 1 Eight Simple Steps to Monitoring 1 Provide power to the detector 4 x AA batteries or external 12V battery 2 Insert initialized CF card Use the CFCread program to initialize the CF card It is important that no timing parameters are set at this stage See on page 24 entitled Initialize CF Cards if the initializing process has yet to be completed 3 Press POWER button When the detector is ready the RECORD and STATUS LEDs will be lit The time taken for the detector to boot up will vary with the CF card size and the amount of existing data stored on the card 4 Select required division ratios DATA DIV and AUDIO DI
47. e gt 129 Bat Population Monitoring gt Data gt AnaBat Individual Species Open the AnalookW Species List file The abbreviations given in the list from step 3 in Section 5 2 3 should now be displayed in the labeling boxes near the top of the screen If wanting to add another label right click an empty box and give it a name Click Save As to save the new list To get a blank list click one of the empty boxes to the right of Bufl Buf2 etc and begin entering new label names Remember to perform a Save As to keep this new list To label a bat call simply click the species labeling box that matches the species in the displayed call The call should now be labeled in the Species box in the bottom left corner of the screen To add more information within any of the other labeling fields at the bottom of the screen for an individual file simply click anywhere in the gray area at the bottom Fields where information can be entered will turn white These fields are collectively known as the Global Header Change Type in the needed information and hit Enter Clicking outside of the gray area without pressing Enter will cause the newly typed information to be deleted Once all the labeling is finished one way to obtain a species count is to go to Tools gt Count Labels 10 Click Change next to Start from Folder and follow the same path as given in step 2 11 Set the Number of folder fields to 1 the Output Format to File Time
48. e as needed Save the newly completed datasheet as a new file with the date of the data collection on the end e g Data Collection Sheet 6 8 12 If Overnight Monitoring 1 2 3 Navigate to this path MTC ENVSRVR4 Conservation Fish and Wildlife1129 Bat Population Monitoring Data Overnight Monitoring Data Collection Excel Tables Perform steps 2 and 3 under the If Vehicle Monitoring part of this section Repeat steps as necessary for each additional site 5 1 6 Downloading Data from Temperature Humidity Data Loggers Instructions for downloading data from the RTR 500DC are included in 51 5 2 Data Analysis Using AnalookW 5 2 1 AnalookW Setup 1 2 3 4 5 6 Open AnalookW Click File gt Open Anabat file and navigate to the mapped network drive Go to Fish and Wildlife gt 129 Bat Population Monitoring gt Data From here open either the Vehicle Monitoring or Overnight Monitoring depending upon which dataset is desired All bat call files should located somewhere within these two folders Only use files located within their respective Bat File Edits folders in AnalookW This leaves the original files untouched in case an irreversible mistake is ever made when analyzing the bat call files Once the desired folder is located open it to show all the files saved during that particular day s monitoring session Select any bat call file located within the opened folder In AnalookW w
49. e much more effectively monitored than the tunnels Another potential project aspect mentioned and currently in development is taking swab samples of the bats roosting in the tunnels These swabs will then be sent to lab for testing The hope is that the tests are negative so it can be confirmed that G destructans has not reached MTC Regardless of test result all current precautions being taken will continue Two future project goals that require more development are assessing the environmental impacts on MTC of a significant bat population decline caused by WNS and aggregating all the data into a single database accessible to all employees The general environmental impacts were already discussed but it would beneficial to analyze impacts specific to MTC where herbicides are already sprayed Adding insecticides to that is not an action anyone desires to take Finally all current and future data will be assigned to a Microsoft Access database This is a process that MTC has newly adapted and is still perfecting There already exists databases for herpetological and bird surveys being conducted at MTC These databases will be used as a guide in developing an all access database for this project Bibliography Blehert David S Alan C Hicks Melissa C Behr Carol U Meteyer Brenda M Berlowski Zier Elizabeth L Buckles Jeremy T H Coleman et al 2009 Bat White Nose Syndrome An Emerging Fungal Pathogen Science 227 Britzke Eric R 200
50. e starting point and finish completing the Start sections of the datasheet This includes recording the Lat Long reading on the GPS map if using the PDA and the time If not using the PDA skip final two steps and begin monitoring 2 Tap GPS New File to create a new GPS map so only the driving route is included 3 Begin monitoring 4 Remove the batteries from the detector when finished monitoring 4 2 Procedures to Remember while Monitoring Obey parameters listed in on page 33 e Take notes under the Comments section as deemed necessary e Keep the headlamps and flashlight nearby They will be needed to read the map once it is dark Slow down if necessary for safety reasons Driving 20 mph is only the suggested speed e Avoid low hanging branches when possible to protect the roof mount from being damaged or coming dislodged e Do not let the extra cable connecting the roof mount to the detector dangle outside of the UTV It can easily become caught on a low hanging branch Several turns along the route are marked with yellow and pink florescent reflective tape to assist in navigation If using the PDA e Closely view the PDA screen as monitoring is in progress to make sure too much insect and road noise is not being recorded by the detector Lower the sensitivity from its suggested level of 6 if necessary to correct this problem However the sensitivity should never drop below 5 f needing to stop or backtrack
51. ecessary data to be collected without having to enter the tunnels and risk contaminating or disturbing the bats roosting within them The primary contamination concern is G destructans Project Overview The main purpose of this project is to identify and monitor the bat species and determine general locations of high and low activity at MTC using the Anabat SD2 acoustical method Along with this the temperature and relative humidity of the abandoned range tunnels are being monitored The combination of these two efforts should allow for extensive readiness against a WNS infestation For example G destructans incubates within its host for approximately 120 days before symptoms begin to appear Lorch et al 2011 Once enough data is collected it can be determined if and when tunnel conditions are appropriate for fungal survival during the extent of this incubation period To achieve prolonged monitoring the SOP has been developed This document covers all aspects of the project from equipment setup to data analysis It has been designed so that anyone can read through it and participate in the project This is vital for the continuation of the project as much of the data collection efforts will be given to future interns at MTC The summer months May August are the most important months to collect acoustic data because this is when the bats are most active Brooks 2008 MTC always has summer interns available during these months Data colle
52. eck this by seeing if any drives in Windows Explorer listed under Computer are entitled Conservation Umtc envsrv4 1 In Windows Explorer right click on Computer and select Map network drive 2 Select a drive letter that is not already in use 3 Type in the folder location as Wmtc envsrv4 Conservation 4 Make sure Reconnect at logon is checked 5 Click Finish The newly mapped drive should now appear in the Windows Explorer side panel It should also appear as a drive to download the CF card data onto in CFCread and open successfully in AnalookW 5 1 2 Downloading Data from the CF Card If Vehicle Monitoring 1 Make sure the detector is turned off and remove the CF card 2 Insert the CF card into its slot on the computer 3 Open the log folder located within the CF card drive Every file within this folder entitled logX where X is a number provides time stamped details of previous monitoring sessions The newest file will be the highest numbered file until log99 is reached At this point the oldest file will be overwritten The newest log file will be the one that matches the data being downloaded 4 Ifuncertain about which file is the newest open the syslog file within the log folder This gives the number of the next log file to be created or overwritten The log file 41 matching the newest data will be one number below this unless it is cycling back to log01 from log99 5 Copy the log fi
53. ed Open AnalookW and click File gt Open Select the mapped network drive on the desktop containing the bat files and navigate to the bat files folder that corresponds with the desired GPS data and open it Select File 2 Make GPS File Make sure that the file is being saved to its desired location on the network the output file type is GPX and the time zone is set to 4 The location to save the data depending upon starting location would be either For West MTC ENVSRVR4 Conservation Fish and Wildlife 129 Bat Population Monitoring Data Vehicle Monitoring West Start GPS Map Files For East IMTC ENVSRVR4 Conservation Fish and Wildlife1129 Bat Population Monitoring Data Vehicle Monitoring East Start GPS Map Files Click Run The box at the bottom will display how many trackpoints were found Once that is done calculating click Close Open Google Earth Click File gt Open Change the file type to Gps gpx loc mps gdb and navigate to the newly created GPX file The default file name will be GPSfolder gpx If a GIS Data Import window appears click OK and navigate to the GPS points as needed 10 If desired save the Google Earth image in the same folder the data was saved in from step 5 5 2 9 Converting and Displaying GPS in ArcMap Vehicle Monitoring Only 1 2 3 4 5 6 Perform steps 1 6 from Section 5 2 8 if needed for the selected file Open GPSBabel If needing to downl
54. enerate to download your Raw AnaBat sequence files C 5m synch C 40T1Dk Cancel F Save on Cal Tick box if bat calls were manually saved by pressing the SAVE button on the detector Separate AnaBat sequence files will be produced for each call saved G AutoSave parameters Tick Use to retain the default settings shown This section allows the Max TBC secs Min Line Length and Smooth parameters for interpretation of the bat call data what is and is not recognized as a bat call to be adjusted The default settings are appropriate for most bat call data and are recommended if what these parameters will do to the data is not understood For further details refer to page 79 of the User Manual H ZCA files Tick Generate to download ZCA files These files contain a whole night of data in one AnaBat file which can be viewed in AnalookW Raw is recommended for the SD2 Selecting Raw leaves the time data recorded as is Raw data file The original raw data not to be confused with the raw ZCA files is automatically downloaded from the DATA DAT file by CFCread when the data is downloaded The raw data file will be named after the serial number of the unit used to record the data and the date serial amp date It will NOT be named DATA DAT The raw data file can be used to backup the data and or re download the data useful if wanting to use different AutoSave parameters 59 Figure 5 Fron
55. ents folder 7 Select the mapped network drive as the place to save the files and navigate to Fish and Wildlife gt 129 Bat Population Monitoring gt Data gt Vehicle Monitoring gt East Start or West Start depends upon starting location gt Bat File Originals 8 Create a new folder and save the files in that location and include the date in the file name e g Batfiles 6 8 12 These files are not to be edited or changed They serve as a safeguard against a data analysis or editing accident This is discussed in more detail in on page 44 9 Copy the files from step 2 and paste it to one of these paths once again depending upon starting location For West IMTC ENVSRVR4 Conservation Fish and Wildlife1129 Bat Population Monitoring Data Vehicle Monitoring West Start Bat File Edits For East MTC ENVSRVRA4 Conservation Fish and Wildlife 129_ Bat Population Monitoring Data Vehicle Monitoring East Start Bat File Edits The files saved at these locations can be edited and changed for analysis 10 Completely close out of AnaPocket on the PDA by tapping the manila folder icon on the PDA s main screen 11 Tap Running Programs make sure AnaPocket is highlighted and select Stop 12 Delete the files located on the PDA Begin by going to Start gt File Explorer 13 Tap Menu gt My Documents and open the Batfiles folder 14 Tap the keyboard icon at the bottom of the screen to display it 15 Tap Ctl gt a to select all the files
56. er of partial calls Rafinesque s big eared bats having a low amplitude call that is near impossible to record The Anabat SD2 not being able to provide any real sense of overall bat population Lack of a reliable monitoring vehicle throughout portions of the project and Occasional Anabat SD2 equipment failures including malfunctioning microphones Looking Ahead The initiation of this project along with the development of the SOP will allow MTC to closely monitor its bat population for years to come As acoustical technology and knowledge about WNS improves this capabilities and success of this project shall grow with it As monitoring and data analysis continue it is a goal that the project area will expand to include Fort Jackson and additional SCARNG installations It is promising that as more data is collected patterns within the bat activity and abandoned range tunnel conditions will begin to develop An example of broadening the scope of the project would be to determine how much of a relationship there is between tunnel conditions and the ambient weather conditions recorded by the weather station at MTC As previously mentioned artificial roosts are currently being constructed and their constant monitoring will most definitely be added to this project The roost locations are shown on the map in 57 and a picture of a completed roost in 66 These roosts will serve as additional habitat especially for Rafinesque s big eared bats and can b
57. er software anyway After it is finished installing a new port called Anabat SD2 USB VCom Port COMx will appear under the device manager where x is the assigned port number 23 Because the PDA was ordered directly from Titley Scientific the makers ofthe Anabat SD2 detector all its software is already downloaded and installed This includes the USB driver 1 1 3 Initialize CF cards This process is only done one time for each CF card 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Insert the CF card into the drive on the computer The side of the card with the holes is inserted first If the card does not automatically load it is because the drive in which the card is attempting to load is already in use The first step to change the drive is to login to an administrator account Ifthe card does load properly skip to step 3 2a Click Start and then right click on Computer 2b Click Manage 2c In the new window click Disk Management 2d Right click on the drive containing the CF card and select Change Drive Letter and Paths 2e In the new window click Change and a final window will open 2f Select Assign the following drive letter and use the dropdown menu to select a new drive The J drive is typically a good selection 2g Click OK to close the window click OK again to close the next window and exit out of the Computer Management window Open the CFCread program If no icon is located on the desktop
58. ere conducted Results Vehicle Data Vehicle data monitoring was performed on the evenings of June 8 June 26 and July 24 all in the year 2012 There were 42 59 and 83 bat calls recorded respectively This averages to be approximately 61 calls per night Most of these calls were partial calls and did not meet the five pulse minimum for identification However it can be concluded that at least six bat species were recorded including big brown Eptesicus fuscus eastern red Lasiurus borealis evening Nycticeius humeralis tri colored Perimyotis subflavus Brazilian free tailed Tadarida brasiliensis and Seminole Lasiurus seminolus Unfortunately it is not possible to determine an estimate of how many of each species was recorded for two reasons First the Anabat SD2 cannot record multiple calls at a given time Every point in time is limited to one call or recording Therefore it is impossible to tell if it is only one bat producing the calls or several of the same species foraging together Second many bat species calls look remarkably similar Professionals who have used Anabat detectors for years sometimes struggle with call identification For example the big brown and Brazilian free tailed sonograms are often quite similar and cannot be differentiated However the rule of thumb is that if both species reside in the region and several calls of the like exist then chances are both species are being recorded The Rafinesque s b
59. essfully downloaded by standing at the respective entrance It is important that the correct logger is selected for download or else an error message will appear Downloading data from the centrally located loggers involves driving alongside each tunnel until the approximate midpoint is reached Once here the handheld should be in close enough range for a successful download of the data Tunnel midpoints have been marked with pink flagging tape to ease this process One advantage of this system is the information from the data loggers can be downloaded in any order Once the data from all fifteen loggers has been downloaded onto the handheld the data can be transferred onto a PC and viewed for analysis Data loggers will be installed in each of the four artificial bat roosts once their construction is complete Data Analysis Methods Like the data collection methods the data analysis methods are summarized here because they are covered in broad detail in the SOP Also included are step by step instructions Data analysis of recorded bat calls is done through the AnalookW program It is yet another software program designed specifically for Anabat detectors It is within this program that call sonograms are displayed and analyzed 61 Features of the program include filtering out unwanted calls and the ability to create identification databases that allow for one click labeling of species type A limitation is that at least five pulses are needed pe
60. g sessions of two points each is the suggested rate for each month 3 2 1 Programming CF card for Delayed Start 1 Insert a CF card into computer 2 Open the CFCread program 3 Click on Choose Input File and select the CF card drive 4 Select the DATA DAT file and click Open 5 Check Activate the one located above the Initialise CF button and enter the date and time monitoring shall begin The month is changed by typing the corresponding number of the desired on the keyboard For example typing 3 will change the month to March 34 6 Click Erase Any previous data stored on the CF card will be erased Make sure it has been downloaded and saved elsewhere first 7 Click Quit 3 2 2 Programming CF card with Beginning amp End Monitoring Times 1 Complete steps 1 4 from Section 3 2 1 2 Check Activate and enter the times for monitoring to begin and end Monitoring should be set to last from sunset to sunrise Refer to www weather com or www wunderground com to determine these times 3 Click Erase This sets the times given on the CF card Any previous data stored on the CF card will be erased Make sure it has been downloaded and saved elsewhere first 4 Click Quit 3 2 3 Setting up the Detector for Overnight Monitoring If powering off the detector at any time while completing these steps or once the detector has entered Standby mode make sure to power detector back on and that the STANDBY LED is l
61. he SOP Coordinated with these goals is taking the necessary steps to ensure no human actions are posing a risk to the bats This is why the tunnel entrances are gated and locked and if needing to enter the tunnels the White Nose Syndrome Decontamination Protocol is strictly followed Prevention methods such as these decrease the risk of WNS exposure and spread To further assist with this effort a total of four artificial bat roosts are being constructed at MTC 66 Two roosts will be built at each location with one at each site painted black These black roosts retain heat better and are often more appealing to bats depending upon the amount of direct sunlight Williams et al 2002 These roosts are being constructed with the help of the South Carolina Department of Natural Resources SCDNR A goal for the near future is to swab the bats roosting inside the tunnels to certify that there is no current presence of WNS To perform this swabs of the bats need to be taken by an individual vaccinated for rabies The SCDNR will likely assist with this as well These swabs will then be shipped out for testing The closest lab capable of WNS testing is in Athens Georgia It is hopeful that this can be done during the summer of 2013 Data Collection Methods The data collection methods are covered in extensive detail in the SOP and include step by step instructions These methods are summarized here Vehicle Data Collecting vehicle data will occur o
62. heir core body temperature to their surroundings If G destructans is present in the cave or mine this is when infection occurs Most infections are spread bat to bat but humans can act as carriers of the fungal spores if clothing and equipment are not decontaminated correctly Foley et al 2011 The fungus was confirmed in South Carolina in a tri colored bat Perimyotis subflavus at Table Rock State Park Pickens County The bat was found dead and showing symptoms of WNS on February 21 2013 and lab tests performed the following month confirmed the presence of G destructans SCDNR 2013 WNS earned its name because of the white growth that occurs on the bat s muzzle Growth also commonly occurs on the ears and wings Meteyer et al 2009 The disease has killed an estimated 5 7 6 7 million bats since its discovery in New York in 2006 and has diffused in all directions as seen in 15 Blehert et al 2009 Some locations have witnessed the decimation of entire populations of bats Dzal et al 2011 Additionally bats control the insect population An individual bat consumes thousands of insects in a single night Keeping the insect population under control particularly in agriculture is an ecosystem service valued annually between 54 billion 1trillion Kunz et al 2011 If bat populations continue to decline the use of pesticides will increase to combat an increasing insect population In turn this causes increased non point source runoff
63. hen one file from within a folder is opened every bat call file within that folder is opened as well It is the selected file that will be first displayed however Set the horizontal resolution x axis to F7 by clicking the F7 button located within the magnification toolbar near the top of the screen This changes how the seconds are 44 7 8 9 displayed in conjunction with the bat files F7 is only the recommended setting and the setting of most reference calls but it can be adjusted as needed for accurate analysis and identification Tap the spacebar to toggle between compressed mode and true time mode Compressed mode is a condensed version of true time mode which displays the calls in real time An alternative method for toggling between modes is to select the button on the magnification toolbar that looks like three curving lines or bat calls When selected the bat files are in compressed mode Typically compressed mode allows for easier analysis Toggle through the bat call files by using the bracket keys me Bat calls will appear as distinct curved lines Refer to 61 for examples Bracket Keys If needing to start over press the Esc key to return the files to their original format 5 2 2 Filtering AnalookVV Files Filters help remove excess noise that is recorded during the monitoring process from being displayed as points in AnalookW Several pre set filters are built into the software and are easily accessed There are
64. ig eared Corynorhinus rafinesquii did not have any documented recordings because it is considered a whispering bat This means its call has very low amplitude Ford et al 2006 The Anabat SD2 has a very difficult time picking up this type of call However it has been confirmed that Rafinesque s big eared bats currently roost in the abandoned range tunnels The maps displaying the point density analysis results are in 17 Lacking in this data are any obvious locations of consistent bat activity but it is hopeful that as data collection continues patterns begin to emerge Overnight Data Overnight data monitoring was performed on the nights of August 7 and August 15 of 2012 and January 29 February 27 and March 21 of 2013 Table A provides a breakdown of the sporadic collection and highly varying results For analysis sake the overall average is about 45 calls per site per night When eliminating the zero values the average improves to 81 per night These values do not hold much merit though because of the varying results in only a handful of data points Additionally varying weather conditions during monitoring must always be considered because they directly impact the results There are numerous reasons why the data resulted in the way it did including microphone failures and as previously mentioned weather For example the most likely reason why no calls were recorded on March 21 is that the temperature was not warm enough for substa
65. ikely be necessary Adjust the ropes and pieces as needed for everything to line up correctly 12 Record the GPS points of the location onto the datasheet using AnaPocket on the PDA 13 Repeat steps 1 12 for each additional monitoring site 4 2 2 Retrieving the Detectors the Following Morning 1 Untie both the bucket and plank 2 Remove the detector from the bucket after it has been powered OFF 3 Perform steps 1 and 2 for each additional monitoring site 4 Return materials that are not kept in the office to where they belong 5 Remove the batteries from the detector when finished monitoring 4 3 Range Tunnel Temperature Humidity Monitoring 4 3 1 Collecting Remote Unit Data Currently there are five tunnels containing three remote units each Their locations are displayed on the map in 65 The RTR 500DC s downloading range is limited by the dirt and concrete surrounding the remote units Therefore data from the remote units can only be downloaded one at a time Data from units located nearest the entrance of each tunnel can be downloaded by standing at each respective tunnel entrance Downloading data from the middle units involves driving or walking along each tunnel until locating the pink reflective tape This tape marks the general area that allows for a successful download of the middle remote units Once the artificial bat roosts Appendix X are installed a remote unit will be placed in each of 40 them The ro
66. in the future Another logger worthy of mention regarding relative humidity is BD Its overall average is well below the others Once again it is unknown why this is but possibilities include its location is more susceptible to crosswinds or it could be a faulty sensor Further exploration is needed Excluding logger BD the range for the averages of the remaining fourteen loggers is only 10 38 The temperature data is all around consistent Its range of averages including logger BD was only 3 31 F More importantly the average temperature of every logger which ranged from 48 16 F to 51 47 F is well within the habitable range of G destructans In fact only three loggers B9 C3 and E2 reached a maximum temperature that is outside the known habitable range Their maximum temperatures were 70 34 F 71 42 F and 73 94 F respectively However simply reaching these temperatures will not kill the fungus Blehert et al 2009 These temperatures must be maintained It will be interesting to see if warmer temperatures are sustained inside the tunnels during the summertime Limitations There were several limitations that developed with this project and a few of them have already been briefly mentioned The most prominent limitations include Unfavorable weather conditions that prohibited Anabat SD2 monitoring and greatly reduced overall bat activity e Difficulty in assigning a single species to recorded calls and the overwhelming numb
67. it The LED will shut off after 10 seconds and the detector will remain dormant until the designated recording start time 1 Install 4 new AA batteries into each detector before each monitoring session 2 Insert the CF card with programmed time parameters into the detector if one is not already installed 3 Power the detector on If it is outside the programmed recording period the detector will enter Standby mode after 10 seconds 4 If changes need to be made to the detector s settings data division ratio sensitivity press the RECORD STANDBY button once and make the needed adjustments Sensitivity level should be set to 6 5 Press the RECORD STANDBY button twice to put the detector back into Standby mode If using Delayed Start the RECORD and STANDBY LEDs should be lit If using Begin End times only the STANDBY LED should be lit 6 To later check the operating status press the LEDs ON OFF button If the detector is recording the RECORD button will light Doing anything beyond this could disrupt the recording session If the detector is still in Standby mode none of the LEDs will be lit If still in Standby mode it is safe to power on the detector and make any needed changes as described in steps 3 and 4 3 2 4 GPS Setup for Overnight Monitoring Follow the numbered instructions given in on page 32 Ignore the sentence referring to Section 3 1 2 3 2 5 Filling out the Monitoring Datasheet Refer to on page 32 for direction
68. l for further explanation Refer to the User Manual for further explanations of all connector functions 1 2 3 Rear Panel Figure 3 NEVER INSERT OR EJECT THE CF CARD FROM THE DETECTOR WHEN IT IS TURNED ON UNLESS NOTED IN THE USER MANUAL OTHERWISE COMPACT FLASH CF CARD ACCESS Panel 1 2 3 4 Unscrew the two screws attached to the panel cover The screws will remain attached to the cover leaving no risk to losing them Insert the CF card face up with the side containing the holes going in first Once inserted reattach the cover To eject the CF card press the black button to the left of the card 1 3 System Checks Prior to Monitoring Everything in these sub sections is to be performed in the office 1 3 1 Select Correct Microphone Use the green high energy microphone while monitoring froma vehicle It is designed to be used in situations where the microphone is not directly mounted to the detector Use the black low energy microphone in all other situations It is the standard microphone 1 3 2 Check Batteries The detector requires either 4 AA batteries or a 12 volt battery 26 Ifusing AA battery power be sure to insert new batteries before each sampling session especially if monitoring overnight The 12 volt battery plug is located on the side of the detector 1 3 3 Determine Diagnostic Log File Number Every time the detector is turned on with a CF card installed a new file is created on
69. le that accompanies the monitoring session typically one of the newest 6 Navigate to this location on the network IMTC ENVSRVR4 Conservation Fish and Wildlife1129 Bat Population Monitoring Data Vehicle Monitoring 7 Open either the East Start or West Start folder as appropriate for the data being downloaded 8 Open the Log Files folder and paste the log file at this location 9 Replace the assigned number ofthe log file with the date the data was recorded 10 Open the CFCread program 11 Click Choose Input File and select the drive containing the CF card 12 Select the DATA DAT file and click Open 13 Click Download and select appropriate download options 59 provides detailed information on the download options 14 Select the mapped network drive as the place to save the files and navigate to Fish and Wildlife gt 129 Bat Population Monitoring gt Data gt Vehicle Monitoring gt East Start or West Start depends upon starting location gt Bat File Originals 15 Create a new folder and save the files in that location and include the date in the file name e g Batfiles 6 8 12 These files are not to be edited or changed They serve as a safeguard against a data analysis or editing accident This is discussed in more detail in on page 44 16 Once the download process is complete check the status txt file to check for any errors Refer to page 81 ofthe User Manual for assistance on repairing CF card download errors 17
70. ll Ifa file is clearly a bat call but has fewer than 5 pulses label it Unknown Navigate to the species reference call library at this location MTC ENVSRVRA4 Conservation Fish and Wildlife 129 Bat Population Monitoring Supporting Documents amp Software Ball Call Reference Library Compare these reference calls to the recorded calls in AnalookW and attempt to identify the species of the recorded calls The following bat calls are included in the library and can also be found in 61 listed as Figures 7 14 respectively EPFU Big Brown Bat Eptesicus fuscus LABO Eastern Red Bat Lasiurus borealis NYHU Evening Bat Nycticeius humeralis PESU Tri colored Bat formerly Eastern Pipistrelle Perimyotis subflavus TABR Brazilian Free tailed Bat Tadarida brasiliensis CORA Rafinesque s Big eared Bat Corynorhinus rafinesquii LANO Silver haired Bat Lasionycteris noctivagans LACI Hoary Bat Lasiurus cinereus UNK Unknown bat species Q A bat call or other recorded sound of question or interest Some additional tips for identifying pulses include Also included in Appendix VII are example recordings of insect noise and road noise They are Figures 15 and 16 respectively Files such as these should be deleted File deletion is covered in on page 48 Eastern red bats will typically have pulses with a minimum frequency of 35 40 kHz When displayed the call will curve slightly down towards this mini
71. mum frequency 46 hb 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 where it will have a minor bunching appearance The minimum frequency also tends to vary slightly from one call to the next Tri colored bats have a call very similar to the eastern red bat A key difference to look for is the minimum frequency is more consistent and more likely to be in the 40 45 kHz range It does not vary significantly from one call to the next Additionally the pulses displayed are typically shorter in length than those produced by the eastern red bat Evening bats produce a call that has a minimum frequency of always right around 35 kHz Their calls create pulses that look very similar to the tri colored bat The key difference is that the evening bat consistently has a lower minimum frequency when compared to a tri colored bat call Big brown bats produce a call with a minimum frequency that is consistently around 25 kHz The curve to the displayed pulses is also very consistent in how it sweeps down towards the minimum frequency Brazilian free tailed bats also produce a call with a minimum frequency that is consistently around 25 kHz Beyond the minimum frequency Brazilian free tailed bat calls can display a wide variation in appearance from one call to the next 4 Labeling AnalookW Files Open AnalookW if it is not already open and click Load on the toolbar near the top ofthe screen Select the mapped network drive and click Fish and Wildlif
72. my of Sciences 1 38 Lorch Jeffrey M Carol U Meteyer Melissa J Behr Justin G Boyles Paul M Cryan Alan C Hicks Anne E Ballmann et al 2011 Experimental infection of bats with Geomyces destructans causes white nose syndrome Nature 376 379 Menzel Jennifer M Michael A Menzel W Mark Ford John W Edwards Steven R Sheffield John C Kilgo and Mary S Bunch 2003 The Distribution of the Bats of South Carolina Southeastern Naturalist 121 152 Meteyer Carol Uphoff Elizabeth L Buckles David S Blehert Alan C Hicks D Earl Green Sheam Bochsler Nancy J Thomas Andrea Gargas and Melissa J Behr 2009 13 Histopathologic Criteria to Confirm White nose Syndrome in Bats Journal of Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation 411 414 South Carolina Department of Natural Resources 2013 Bat disease white nose syndrome confirmed in South Carolina March 11 Accessed March 11 2013 http dnr sc gov nevvs yr2013 march14 march14 batwns html Williams Kim Rob Mies Donald Stokes and Lillian Stokes 2002 Beginner s Guide to Bats New York Little Brown and Company Appendix A WNS Map o Some hu R Di di Y 2 Feb 2006 141 detected in Schoharie Co NY mis EnWWinter Spring 2007 2000 M Confirmed 10050 0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 000 1 000 Miles 0 100 200 400 800 800 1000 31200 1400 1600 1 800 Kilomatnes Map by Cal Butchkoski PA Game Commission Figure A Map
73. nce per month via a Polaris Ranger and will traverse a 25 mile monitoring route 57 at a suggested speed of 20 mph The starting point is alternated each time Collection begins 30 minutes after sunset and includes completing a monitoring datasheet 57 For this type of monitoring a PDA is connected to the Anabat SD2 so the recorded calls can be viewed in real time This type of monitoring uses an extended microphone that is mounted to the roof All recorded calls and extraneous noises are saved to the PDA and upon completion of the monitoring session this data is downloaded onto a PC using Windows Mobile Device Center Extraneous noises such as insects are filtered out during analysis The PDA has its own special software called AnaPocket Overnight Data Currently there are six predetermined sites for overnight data collection 57 The site number is set at six because MTC possesses three Anabat SD2 detectors and if overnight monitoring is performed every two weeks that guarantees each site being monitored once per month Two of these sites occur outside of the abandoned range tunnels because monitoring them is of utmost importance The PDA cannot be utilized in overnight monitoring The recorded data is saved onto a CF card which has been specifically programmed to be used in Anabat detectors Additionally the CF card is programmed with beginning and end times using another Anabat specific software CFCread Monitoring is always set to begin
74. ntial or any bat activity The temperature when monitoring began was 13 C Monitoring was performed in less than ideal conditions simply to obtain some data for the month of March In contrast on January 29 when 293 calls were recorded at a single site the temperature was 20 C when monitoring began and stayed warm throughout the night Sites 2 and 6 were excluded for this study due to time and weather restrictions Table A Overnight Data Collection Site Call Totals 293 50 x x 0 0 x 0 Regarding bat species the same conclusions can be made for this data as were made for the vehicle data The 293 calls recorded at a single site reiterate the fact that Anabat detectors cannot accurately measure population Those calls likely came from a small number of bats that foraged nearby periodically throughout the night Many of the calls appear to be big brown bats which also roost in the tunnels Once again no definitive Rafinesque s big eared calls were recorded This occurred even with the Anabat SD2 at Site 1 being located right outside a tunnel entrance with known Rafinesque s big eared bats roosting within it Tunnel Data RTR 503L data loggers were installed in the five abandoned range tunnels on February 25 2013 Three loggers were installed in each tunnel 65 Nine bats were found roosting in the tunnels during installation This included four Rafinesque s big eared bats and five big browns They were programmed to begin monit
75. nting 3 3 Range Tunnel Temperature Humidity Monitoring 3 3 1 Decontamination If entering the tunnels the National WNS Decontamination Protocol must be followed Be sure to review it as needed Equipment utilized to prevent contamination includes 1 2 3 4 5 Tyvek Suits Surgical Masks Latex Rubber Gloves Disinfectant Wipes Garbage Bags Upon entering a tunnel put on a Tyvek suit surgical mask and gloves Upon exiting a tunnel remove all protective clothing and dispose of it in the garbage bag Wipe down all equipment taken into the tunnel with the disinfectant wipes Repeat this process for each tunnel Once finished wipe down all equipment one final time and dispose of the garbage bag 36 3 3 2 Data Collector Software Installation These steps only need to be performed if the software is not installed onto the computer The software applications will not open properly if not installed directly to the computer Installation must be performed from an administrative account Skip ahead to Section 3 3 3 1f installation has already been performed A diagram listing all the parts of the RTR 500DC is located in on page 64 Figure 17 User manuals are located at the path provided below 1 Ifneeding to install the RTR 500DC to the desktop go to this path MTC ENVSRVR4 Conservation Fish and Wildlife 129_ Bat Population Monitoring Supporting Documents amp Software RTR 500DC Materials Software Installation Files 2
76. oad GPSBabel go to www gpsbabel org and follow the download instructions Installation can only be performed when logged in as an administrator Under Input select GPX XML as the file format Click on File Name s and add the GPX file that was created in AnalookW Make sure Waypoints Routes and Tracks are all checked Under Output select Google Earth Keyhole Markup Language as the file format 49 7 Click on File Name create a file name that includes the date e g GPS Conservion 6 26 12 and save it in one of the following folders depending upon the starting location For West IMTC ENVSRVR4 Conservation Fish and Wildlife1129 Bat Population Monitoring Data Vehicle Monitoring West Start GPS Map Files For East IMTC ENVSRVR4 Conservation Fish and Wildlife 129 Bat Population Monitoring Data Vehicle Monitoring East Start GPS Map Files 8 Click Apply The data has now been converted into a KML file to be used in ArcMap 9 Open ArcMap and then open the Anabat Driving Route amp Overnight Locations ArcMap Document It is located at this path IMTC ENVSRVR4 Conservation Fish and Wildlife1129 Bat Population Monitoring Maps 10 Open ArcToolbox and select Conversion Tools gt From KML gt KML To Layer 11 In the new window the Input KML File is the file created in step 8 12 For Output Location connect to MTC ENVSVRA on the network if necessary 13 Navigate to GPS Map Files folder for either East Start or West by clicking C
77. on can be found at http aa usno navy mil data docs RS OneYear php Complete Form A and click Compute Table Rise and set information can also be found at http www almanac com moon Moon Phase Percent of moon visible for current phase Should be noted regardless of whether moon is actually visible and only needs to be recorded during start of survey Several websites provide this information including http www almanac com moon and http www calendar 365 com moon moon calendar html Comments Record anything of significance to the monitoring process including excess noise picked up by the detector poor road conditions making a wrong turn equipment malfunction or taking a break in sampling 3 1 5 Parameters to Obey when Monitoring from a Vehicle Begin monitoring 30 minutes after sunset e Driving speed is 20 mph when possible e Monitoring should only be conducted on nights that are suitable for bat activity low wind no rain fog temperatures near 60 F or higher If completing multiple routes with the same detector in the same night be sure power the detector off then back on before beginning a new route This will ensure a separate log file being created for each individual route 33 If completing multiple routes with the same detector in the same night complete a separate datasheet for each route f needing to stop slow down for an extended period of time deviate from the mapped route
78. on data is much more limited than vehicle data because it lacks the GPS element It is limited to the filtering and identification part covered in the beginning of this section and statistical analysis via Excel spreadsheets Like the vehicle monitoring more data needs to be collected before any practicable statistical conclusions can be made A count of recorded bats calls was executed Overnight data collection was performed at varying sites with varying success rates on five different nights There were occasions when no calls were recorded The findings from this data are discussed more under the Results section Tunnel Data The tunnel temperature and humidity data is downloaded in the RTR 500DC Manager program once the data is transferred onto the PC from the handheld From here there are two primary ways to analyze the data First is to open the Temp Humidity Graph window within the RTR 500DC Manager This graphing program displays line graphs of the selected logger data A limitation is that it can only display the data for up to four loggers on the same graph For more thorough analysis of the complete dataset the temperature and humidity data for each logger is exported into two separate Excel spreadsheets This allows for the appropriate statistical tests to be performed for each individual logger each tunnel or the dataset as a whole Statistical tests including determining maximum minimum and mean temperatures and relative humidity w
79. onitoring involves acoustically recording bat echolocation calls via Anabat SD2 detectors The calls are displayed on a frequency graph where species identification is performed Two methods of acoustical data collection were conducted The first method involves driving a predetermined 25 mile route shortly after sunset This is typically the peak time for bat activity The second method entails setting up between one to three detectors overnight at select sites to record from sunset to sunrise Several factors can affect these data collection procedures The weather specifically a significant change in temperature causes a dramatic shift in activity For analyzing risk for WNS there are five abandoned range tunnels at MTC that mimic the climate of a cave or mine At least two bat species Corynorhinus rafinesquii and Eptesicus fuscus roost sporadically in these tunnels C rafinesquii is listed as state endangered in South Carolina To best monitor the conditions ofthe tunnels three temperature and relative humidity data loggers have been installed in each of the five tunnels Preliminary data results are showing average temperatures well within the habitable range of 2 10 C for G destructans Relative humidity is more fluctuating but still habitable Future aspects of this project will continue to develop and change as bat monitoring technology and knowledge of WNS continue to improve Introduction McCrady Training Center This project has
80. onservation gt Fish and Wildlife 129 Bat Population Monitoring gt Data gt Vehicle Monitoring East Start or West Start 14 Highlight do not open the GPS Map Files folder and click Add 15 Under Output Data Name type the name as GPS Bat Calls followed by the date 16 Click OK It will take ArcMap a moment to run the operation The layer will automatically be added to the map file 17 The points will be labeled making the map overly crowded To fix this right click on the data frame in the Table of Contents It is called Bat Data Collection in the Anabat Driving Route amp Overnight Locations map 18 Scroll over Labeling and select Label Manager 19 In the Label Manager window uncheck the box next to GPS device Points under Label Classes Click OK 20 The symbol representing the GPS points can also be changed by clicking it under the Table of Contents 21 To create a shapefile from this layer right click Points and select Export Data 22 Click the manila folder to assign the file a name and save location To stay consistent name the file GPS Bat Calls followed by the date and save it in the same location as the files in the previous steps 5 2 10 Converting and Exporting AnalookW Files 1 Before beginning this section it is highly recommended that the AnalookW files to be exported be filtered and labeled See Sections 5 2 4 5 2 6 if needed 2 Open AnalookW and go to Tools gt
81. oring at 8 00 am the following day Since that time they have recorded the temperature and relative humidity of tunnels every hour on the hour Allowing adequate time for data analysis for this project the final data points were collected on March 21 2013 between 10 00 am and 11 00 am There are 554 hourly data points for each logger This means 8 310 points in total The maximum minimum and mean temperature and relative humidity were calculated both overall and each individual logger Tables and graphs displaying these results are in 20 It should be noted that the temperature data is in degrees Fahrenheit Additionally a graph from the Temp Humidity Graph window is included This graph displays the line graphs ofthe three loggers in the first abandoned range tunnel It is clear that there is not much disparity in temperature or relative humidity throughout the tunnel Actually all five tunnels follow the 10 same general pattern with only a few exceptions Even these exceptions were only temporary For example at 5 00 pm on February 26 all fifteen loggers read between 97 99 relative humidity Shortly thereafter every the humidity readings for every logger except for E6 began to decrease Logger E6 remained at 99 humidity a full 29 hours longer than any other logger until it began its downward descent eventually settling within range ofthe others It is unknown why and how this occurred but is something worth examining if it continues
82. ost locations are displayed on the map in 57 Take the RTR 500DC and follow these directions 1 Upon arriving at a download point use the side dial to scroll and select Go to Gather Data gt Specify Remote Unit gt Nol McCrady gt Select the remote unit to download gt Execute If the download is not successful move as necessary to get closer to the data 2 Drive around to each location and download the data from all fifteen units 3 Ifa unit continuously fails to download there may be a problem with it and this issue should be further investigated Section 5 Data Analysis This section details how to download data from the CF cards and PDA onto the computer network and how to save it properly AnalookW for example will only work with files saved to the desktop Therefore the network drive where all the data is saved must be mapped to the desktop Directions on how to map a network drive onto the desktop are provided in the first part of this section Basic instructions on analyzing recorded bat calls in AnalookW are also included in this section along with converting and displaying the GPS points recorded in AnaPocket Directions on analyzing the data from the temperature humidity data loggers are given in the final part of this section 5 1 Downloading and Saving Data 5 1 1 Mapping a Network Drive to the Computer Desktop These steps only need to be performed if a mapped network drive does not already exist on the desktop Ch
83. r sonogram call file to ensure call identification accuracy Unfortunately the majority of recorded calls do not meet this five pulse minimum Vehicle Data Once the initial filtering and identification procedures are performed there are a variety of analysis methods that can be done with vehicle collection data When the PDA is used for collection it records a GPS waypoint that 1s associated with each bat call In AnalookW the bat call files are converted into gpx files which are further converted for use in ArcGIS and Google Earth It is possible to convert the gpx files into ArcMap shapefiles and display them on the map of MTC and the vehicle data collection driving route 16 Different ArcMap analysis tools can then be applied to the data One such tool is for point density analysis It is applied to the data to determine where the highest concentrations of calls are occurring More basic analysis methods include a count of recorded calls As this project continues and more data is collected it will be more sensible and appropriate to perform statistical analyses including recorded call averages and variance There is currently not enough data for any practical conclusions to be made The data is to be imported into an Excel spreadsheet when performing statistical analysis Vehicle data collection was conducted on three nights and the findings from this data are discussed more under the Results section Overnight Data Overnight collecti
84. rmation can be found under the Device Manager For directions on how to access the Device Manager see on page 23 steps 4 8 After determining the correct port number and having it selected click the Open icon In the new window click the Version icon to see the firmware version currently being used Checking firmware needs to be performed only bi annually 1 3 9 Upgrading Firmware 1 2 3 4 5 6 Copy and paste the firmware hax file onto a CF card that has been inserted into the PC The path for the file is MTC ENVSRVR4 Conservation Fish and Wildlife 129 Bat Population Monitoring Supporting Documents amp Software AnaBat CD z Manual From here navigate to SD2 Firmware gt SD2 NOT connected to a GML gt v4055g Remove the CF card from the PC and insert it into the detector Before powering on the detector hold down the SAVE button and keep it held down If this is not done the firmware file will not be recognized With the SAVE button pressed turn on the detector Once the Boot mode LEDs flash and a beep is emitted from the detector the SAVE button can be released This begins the firmware upgrade Table 3 displays how the LEDs are used to show the upgrade progress Table 3 Updating Anabat SD2 firmware LED indicators Firmware upgrade progress as indicated by the LEDs LEDs Progress at each stage AUDIO DIV 32 Battery voltage is OK AUDIO DIV 16 The firmware hax file has been found AUDIO DIV 8 The
85. s on completing the datasheet while noting the additional instructions given below e Now is the time to determine which sections need to be monitored for this particular session e Include in parentheses next to its respective number the site number where each detector is located 35 UJ N Make sure to write each separate GPS point clearly between the dividers within the Start Lat Long section The End Lat Long section does not need to be completed Only the Time parameter needs to be completed under End Survey but other parameters may be completed if accurate data is available for the end time The detectors need to be placed somewhere near the points on the map or outside a range tunnel entrance 6 Overnight Monitoring Items Checklist Anabat SD2 Bat Detector for Each Site Being Monitored max of 3 Bucket with Lid for Each Detector bucket should have hole in bottom Sponges Reflector Plank for Each Detector Rope use pre cut pieces first Knife or Scissors to Cut Rope if necessary Map of Monitoring Sites One CF Card for Each Detector Being Used PDA with GPS Card Attached Datasheet see Appendix III Pen Flashlight and Headlamps depending on time of day placing retrieving detectors Orange Vests Communications Radio DO NOT DISTURB sign and tape if needed Zip Ties only for hanging on tunnel gate Checklist can also be found in 56 for pri
86. s the PC click Set It should then read ZCAIM Time Set OK under Status Setting the time on the Anabat clock needs to be performed at least bi annually during daylight savings time Section 2 Operations This section provides an overview of all the operating modes of Anabat SD2 detector Each mode is briefly described and a summary table is included at the end of the section 2 1 Operations Overview Use the RECORD STANDBY button to toggle between modes Boot Mode The detector is starting up Time to complete varies by how much data is stored on the CF card Command Mode Automatic mode upon startup when no CF card is installed This mode allows for the adjusting and changing of settings through AnaPocket PDA or AnalookW computer Bat calls are audible through the loudspeaker but are not saved Forced Command Mode Occurs when a CF card is installed and the RECORD STANDBY button is pressed upon startup and allows for settings to be adjusted or checked within CFCread Switching to this mode from Sleep or Standby allows for setting and sensitivity changes to be made on the detector Like Command mode calls are audible through the loudspeaker but are not saved Record Mode Accessed in two different ways 1 When using a PDA or computer during active monitoring and they are in Record or Monitor mode Calls are not automatically saved unless AnaPocket is in Monitor mode 2 When passive monitoring and time parameters are set the
87. t view of detector protection setup 60 Appendix VII Bat Call Examples for AnalookW NSAd OT MS 666T PeM ar p MOQT H E sun 101 users tira EURS OS 54 ora Fee ES OTTA26 UOI3IEIS Jeau prerj ur Ppeseslad EN passe ae 1 AD Aida del dust us Ima 66 OT E T u rgeis prata SIES gt 8 a p NHAN 6 2a 666r heu 9 x OQ TUNV 1 Sui 101 ue r i314 009 3S dHOO l Lee Maza gdid 25687 JUBIL 1930H cat S H uo xeeag uerpur 4300 sprun eui ye p se r s pue p ES ads Do B6 Z 2 Sie H ou 1309 uoaB rgsen m 21095 18320 o 2 z I Q a gh SE 4d P x zr ost ESEL SERE eco 5192 Og V T 8 ANS 666T Dod 3 E deq HY ueoro 1114 S dMWOO 3 sug OL t bz T 103408 y iesu 6962 peoa BUDIE BUIPI4 930N 129051 MOTTOH sm 201 6 62 9 3wa ESO Teach p El 5 8 2 8 E LI 08 L 21 ORT oer ost E 002 SITE NAAA A SMS 6 Eo E397 Way AS ZSNISNA n d SIES s qura JO s u UT qe
88. teries Flashlight and Headlamps Orange Vests Communications Radio Small Flathead Screwdriver for USB Cable Overnight Monitoring Items Checklist Anabat SD2 Bat Detector for Each Site Being Monitored max of 3 Bucket with Lid for Each Detector bucket should have hole in bottom Sponges Reflector Plank for Each Detector Rope use pre cut pieces first Knife or Scissors to Cut Rope if necessary Map of Monitoring Sites One CF Card for Each Detector Being Used PDA with GPS Card Attached Datasheet see Appendix III Pen Flashlight and Headlamps depending on time of day placing retrieving detectors Orange Vests Communications Radio DO NOT DISTURB sign and tape if needed Zip Ties only for hanging on tunnel gate 56 Start Survey End Survey Appendix III Acoustic Monitoring Datasheet Investigator s Date Monitoring Type O Vehicle Overnight Monitoring Number Anabat Number s Site Located Start Lat Long N E End Lat Long N E Wind Cloud Moon Moon Time Temp E Humidity Speed Cover Visible Phase Comments ex high insect noise poor road conditions break in sampling etc Number should follow in sequence from the last monitoring session If vehicle monitoring the number should include V for vehicle monitoring and an E for east or W
89. tup for Vehicle Monitoring It shall be noted that the PDA HP iPAQ hx2490c has been setup by Titley Scientific so this section focuses solely on its use in monitoring Using the stylus included with the PDA during operation is highly recommended Be sure to charge the PDA battery AT LEAST three hours before monitoring is set to begin to give it enough time to charge 1 Remove the CF card if one is installed in the detector 2 Attach the PDA bracket to the detector via the screw openings located on the side of the detector screws included and look similar to those attached to CF card cover 3 Connect the PDA to the detector via the SERIAL port to USB port cable 4 Turn on PDA and make sure date and time are correct If not tap the date and time on the main screen to change it 5 Adjust the backlight level as needed using the light bulb icon on the main screen 6 Complete steps 2 8 in Section 3 1 1 before continuing on to the next step 7 Open AnaPocket by either clicking Start gt AnaPocket or by pressing the right most button on the PDA the button with an arrow on it 8 Make sure the division ratio set in AnaPocket matches the setting of the Anabat detector To check the division ratio in AnaPocket tap Opts Record 9 With AnaPocket still open Tap Rec gt Choose port to determine which port was used the last time the PDA and detector were connected If a port number is given tap Try this port Ifthis does not work
90. with the collection date as the name and include the remote unit name and date in the file name Click Save Open Excel and select the Data tab Click From Text and navigate to the desired text file Click Import 52 7 In the new window select Delimited and click Next 8 Check Comma as the delimiter and click Next 9 Click Finish and decide whether to import it into the current worksheet or a new worksheet as deemed appropriate 10 Cleanup any rows or columns as needed to have only the necessary data 11 From here additional graphs can be made using the data in Excel and are much more user friendly than the original graph s trx files 12 Navigate to this path to save the Excel spreadsheet MTC ENVSRVR4 Conservation Fish and Wildlife 129 Bat Population Monitoring Data RTR Collected Data Excel Files Create a new folder with the collection date as the name 13 Include the remote unit name and date in the file name e g B9 3 6 13 14 Repeat each step from this section as needed for each remote unit s data 5 4 Data Analysis Using EchoClass Automated ID Software Automated bat identification software is improving but it is still not reliable or accurate enough to be used in any serious analysis An example of this is EchoClass It is an open source bat ID software developed by Dr Eric Britzke for the U S Fish amp Wildlife Service Version updates of the software can be found here http www fws gov mi
91. with the accompanying computer software To determine ifa COM port exists along with the number of the port follow the steps below 1 Supply power to the detector via 4 AA batteries or a 12 volt battery 2 Plug the gray USB cable into the detector and computer 3 Power the detector on if not already done so 4 Go to Start and click Control Panel 5 Click on Hardware amp Sound 6 Click on Device Manager If a warning message appears about being logged on as a standard user click OK 7 Click on the Ports tab 8 Look for a port named Anabat SD2 USB VCom Port COMx with x being the port number If this port exists advance to on page 24 9 Login to an administrative account PC to USB driver installation can only be performed logged into an administrative account If already in an administrative account ignore this step 10 Repeat steps 2 6 as needed under the administrative account 11 Right click where the detector is listed It will most likely be found under Portable Devices 12 Select Update Driver then choose Browse my computer for driver software 13 Insert the Anabat SD2 detector CD into the disc drive or navigate to MTC ENVSRVR4 Conservation Fish and Wildlife 129 Bat Population Monitoring Supporting Documents amp Software AnaBat CD amp Manual and select the PC to SD2 USB Driver folder located on the CD as the location to search 14 When a warning window appears click Install this driv

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Final Report - Environment & Sustainability Program