Untitled - Matco Tools RepairSolutions
Contents
1. Vehicle icon Indicates whether or not the CodeAdvisor is being properly powered through the vehicle s Data Link Connector DLC A visible icon indicates that the CodeAdvisor is being powered through the vehicle s DLC connector 40 Link icon Indicates whether or not the CodeAdvisor is communicating linked with the vehicle s on board computer When visible the CodeAdvisor is communicating with the computer If the Link icon is not visible the CodeAdvisor is not communicating with the computer OBD2 10 OBD2 About the CodeAdvisor DISPLAY FUNCTIONS DTC Display Area Displays the Diagnostic Trouble Code DTC number and definition Each fault is assigned a code number that is specific to that fault MIL icon Indicates the status of the Malfunction Indicator Lamp MIL The MIL icon is visible only when a DTC has commanded the MIL on the vehicle s dashboard to light Pending icon Indicates the currently displayed DTC is a Pending code PERMANENT icon Indicates the currently displayed DTC is a Permanent code FREEZE FRAME icon Indicates that Freeze Frame data has been stored in the vehicle s computer for the currently displayed DTC Code Number Sequence The CodeAdvisor assigns a sequence number to each DTC that is present in the computer s memory starting with 01 This helps keep track of the number of DTCs present in the computer s memory Code number 01 is always the highe2. m Each time the DTC FF button is pressed and released the CodeAdvisor will scroll and display the next DTC in sequence until all DTCs in its memory have displayed m Freeze Frame Data if available will display after DTC 1 m n OBD2 systems when an emissions related engine malfunction occurs that causes a DTC to set a record or snapshot of engine conditions at the time that the malfunction occurred is also saved in the vehicle s computer memory The record saved is called Freeze Frame data Saved engine conditions include but are not limited to engine speed open or closed loop operation fuel system commands coolant temperature calculated load value fuel pressure vehicle speed air flow rate and intake manifold pressure If more than one malfunction is present that causes more than a one DTC to be set only the code with the highest priority will contain Freeze Frame data The code designated 01 on the CodeAavisor display is referred to as the PRIORITY code and Freeze Frame data always refers to this code The priority code is also the one that has commanded the MIL on 11 When the last retrieved DTC has been displayed and the DTC FF button is pressed the screen returns to the first retrieved DTC 30 OBD2 Using the CodeAdvisor ERASING DIAGNOSTIC TROUBLE CODES DTCs 12 Determine engine system s condition by viewing the CodeAdvisor s display for any retrieved Diagnostic Trouble Codes code
3. OBD2 Onboard Diagnostics OBD2 MONITORS Non Continuous Monitors The other twelve Monitors are non continuous Monitors Non continuous Monitors perform and complete their testing once per trip The non continuous Monitors are Oxygen Sensor Monitor Oxygen Sensor Heater Monitor Q Catalyst Monitor Heated Catalyst Monitor EGR System Monitor EvaP System Monitor Secondary Air System Monitor The following Monitors will be standard beginning in 2010 The majority of vehicles produced before this time will not support these Monitors NMHC Monitor Q NOx Adsorber Monitor Boost Pressure System Monitor Exhaust Gas Sensor Monitor Q PM Filter Monitor The following provides a brief explanation of the function of each Monitor Q Comprehensive Component Monitor CCM This Monitor continuously checks all inputs and outputs from sensors actuators switches and other devices that provide a signal to the computer The Monitor checks for shorts opens out of range value functionality and rationality Rationality Each input signal is compared against all other m inputs and against information in the computer s memory to see if it makes sense under the current operating conditions Example The signal from the throttle position sensor indicates the vehicle is in a wide open throttle condition but the vehicle is really at idle and the idle condition is confirmed by the signals from a
4. CodeAdvisor Operating Instructions Safety Information FEATURES AND BENEFITS The easiest and best way to troubleshoot 1996 and newer OBD2 vehicles Links to all OBD2 protocols to decode Check Engine light problems Retrieves generic and manufacturer specific codes Displays Freeze Frame Data Table of Contents YOU CAN DO IT ERE ween He een 1 SAFETY PRECAUTIONS SAFETY FIRST arenaene an PERI 2 ABOUT THE CODEADVISOR VEHICLES COVERED irr reete bi 3 CONTROLS AND INDICATORS 5 DISPLAY FUNCTIONS esee 6 ONBOARD DIAGNOSTICS COMPUTER ENGINE CONTROLS 8 DIAGNOSTIC TROUBLE CODES DTCs 13 OBD2 MONITORS 42i titt e ee Ode 16 PREPARATION FOR TESTING BEFORE YOU BEGIN eee eee gles 25 VEHICLE SERVICE MANUALS 25 USING THE CODEADVISOR CODE RETRIEVAL PROCEDURE 26 ERASING DIAGNOSTIC TROUBLE CODES DTCs 31 ADDITIONAL FUNCTIONS ADJUSTMENTS AND SETTINGS 33 WARRANTY AND SERVICING LIMITED ONE YEAR WARRANTY 37 SERVICE PROCEDURES eene 37 i OBD2 You Do It EASY TO USE EASY TO VIEW EASY TO DEFINE Easy To Use m Connect the CodeAdvisor to the
5. The 16 pin DLC is usually located under the instrument panel dash within 12 inches 300 mm of center of the panel on the drivers side of most vehicles It should be easily accessible and visible from a 3 kneeling position outside the ee Na T AGHTRAY vehicle with the door open LEFTCORNER OF DASH 4 OF DASH On some Asian and European vehicles the DLC is located CY behind the ashtray the ashtray must be removed to access it or on the far left corner of the dash If the DLC cannot be located consult the vehicle s service manual for the location OBD2 3 About the CodeAdvisor VEHICLES COVERED Adjustments on First Use The first time the CodeAdvisor is connected to a vehicle you must select the desired display language English French or Spanish and unit of measurement USA or metric as follows 1 Locate the vehicle s 16 pin Data Link Connector DLC See page 3 for connector location 2 Connect the CodeAdvisor s cable con nector to the vehicle s DLC The cable connector is keyed and will only fit one way m f you have problems connecting the cable connector to the DLC rotate the connector 180 and try again m f you still have problems check the DLC on the vehicle and on the CodeAdvisor Refer to your vehicle s service manual to properly check the Lansuase Idioma vehicle s DLC Select and Press d m After the CodeAdvisor s test connec oo tor is properly co
6. m Make sure the engine is mechanically sound If needed perform a com pression check engine vacuum check timing check if applicable etc VEHICLE SERVICE MANUALS Always refer to the manufacturer s service manual for your vehicle before performing any test or repair procedures Contact your local car dealership auto parts store or bookstore for availability of these manuals The following companies publish valuable repair manuals m Haynes Publications 861 Lawrence Drive Newbury Park CA 91320 Phone 800 442 9637 Web www haynes com m Mitchell 1 14145 Danielson Street Poway CA 92064 Phone 888 724 6742 Web www m1products com m Motor Publications 5600 Crooks Road Suite 200 Troy MI 48098 Phone 800 426 6867 Web www motor com FACTORY SOURCES Ford GM Chrysler Honda Isuzu Hyundai and Subaru Service Manuals m Helm Inc 14310 Hamilton Avenue Highland Park MI 48203 Phone 800 782 4356 Web www helminc com OBD2 25 Using the CodeAdvisor CODE RETRIEVAL PROCEDURE CODE RETRIEVAL PROCEDURE 26 Never replace a part based only on the DTC definition Each DTC has a set of testing procedures instructions and flow charts that must be followed to confirm the location of the problem This information is found in the vehicle s service manual Always refer to the vehicle s service manual for detailed testing instructions Check your vehicle thoroughly before performing any test See Preparation for Testing
7. vehicle s test connector m Turn the ignition key On DO NOT start the engine m The CodeAdvisor will automatically link to the vehicle s computer Easy To View m The CodeAdvisor retrieves stored codes Freeze Frame data System Status m Codes System Status and Freeze Frame data are displayed on the CodeAdvisor s display screen System status is indicated by LED indicators Easy To Define ES m Read code definitions from the Aem CodeAdvisor s display m View Freeze Frame data OBD2 1 Safety Precautions SAFETY FIRST SAFETY FIRST This manual describes common test procedures used by experienced service technicians Many test procedures require precautions to avoid accidents that can result in personal injury and or damage to your vehicle or test equipment Always read your vehicle s service manual and follow procedure its safety precautions before and during any test or service ALWAYS observe the following general safety precautions When an engine is running it produces carbon monoxide a toxic and poisonous gas To prevent serious injury or death from carbon monoxide poisoning operate the vehicle ONLY in a well ventilated area To protect your eyes from propelled objects as well as hot or caustic liquids always wear approved safety eye protection When an engine is running many parts such as the coolant fan pulleys fan belt etc turn at high speed To avoid
8. Catalyst Monitor Operation of the heated catalytic converter is similar to the catalytic converter The main difference is that a heater is added to bring the catalytic converter to its operating temperature more quickly This helps reduce emissions by reducing the converter s down time when the engine is cold The Heated Catalyst Monitor performs the same diagnostic tests as the catalyst Monitor and also tests the catalytic converter s heater for proper operation The Heated Catalyst Monitor is supported by spark ignition vehicles only This Monitor is also a Two Trip Monitor Q Exhaust Gas Recirculation EGR Monitor The Exhaust Gas Recirculation EGR system helps reduce the formation of Oxides of Nitrogen during combustion Temperatures above 2500 F cause nitrogen and oxygen to combine and form Oxides of Nitrogen in the combustion chamber To reduce the formation of Oxides of Nitrogen combustion temperatures must be kept below 2500 F The EGR system recirculates small amounts of exhaust gas back into the intake manifold where it is mixed with the incoming air fuel mixture This reduces combustion temperatures by up to 500 F The computer determines when for how long and how much exhaust gas is recirculated back to the intake manifold The EGR Monitor performs EGR system function tests at preset times during vehicle operation The EGR Monitor is supported by both spark ignition vehicles and compression ignitio
9. OBD2 9 Onboard Diagnostics COMPUTER ENGINE CONTROLS Vehicle operating conditions are constantly changing The computer continuously makes adjustments or corrections especially to the air fuel mixture and spark timing to keep all the engine systems operating within the preset reference values On Board Diagnostics First Generation OBD1 With the exception of some 1994 and 1995 vehicles most vehicles from 1982 to 1995 are equipped with some type of first generation On Board Diagnostics Beginning in 1988 California s Air Resources Board CARB and later the Environmental Protection Agency EPA required vehicle manufacturers to include a self diagnostic program in their on board computers The program would be capable of identifying emissions related faults in a system The first generation of Onboard Diagnostics came to be known as OBD1 OBD1 is a set of self testing and diagnostic instructions programmed into the vehicle s on board computer The programs are specifically designed to detect failures in the sensors actuators switches and wiring of the various vehicle emissions related systems If the computer detects a failure in any of these components or systems it lights an indicator on the dashboard to alert the driver The indicator lights only when an emissions related problem is detected The computer also assigns a numeric code for each specific problem that it detects and stores these codes in its memo
10. PROCEDURE m Yellow LED Indicates one of the following conditions PENDING CODE PRESENT If the 000 yellow LED is lit it may indicate the existence of a pending code Check Z9646640000 me the CodeAdvisors LCD display for confirmation A pending code is confirmed by the presence of a numeric code and the word PENDING on the CodeAdvisor s LCD display MONITOR STATUS f the CodeAdvisors LCD display shows a zero indicating there are no DTCs present in the vehicle s computer but 20689678 the yellow LED is lit it indicates a n Monitor Has Not Run status This means that some of the Monitors on the vehicle have not yet finished their diagnostic self testing This condition is confirmed by one or more blinking Monitor icons on the LCD display A blinking Monitor icon means the Monitor has not yet run and finished its diagnostic self testing All Monitor icons that are solid have completed their diagnostic self testing a fe m Red LED Indicates there is a problem with one or more of the vehicle s systems The red LED is also used to show that DTC s are present displayed on the CodeAdvisors LCD display In this case the Malfunction Indicator Check Engine lamp on the vehicle s instrument panel will light steady on m DTC s that start with PO P2 and some are considered Generic Universal All Generic DTC definitions are the same on all OBD2 equipped vehicles The Cod
11. definitions Freeze Frame data and Live Data interpreting the green yellow and red LEDs m f DTC s were retrieved and you are going to perform the repairs yourself proceed by consulting the Vehicle s Service Repair Manual for testing instructions testing procedures and flow charts related to retrieved code s ERASING DIAGNOSTIC TROUBLE CODES DTCs When the CodeAdvisor s ERASE function is used to erase the DTCs from the vehicle s on board computer Freeze Frame data and manufacturer specific enhanced data are also erased If you plan to take the vehicle to a Service Center for repair DO NOT erase the codes from the vehicle s computer If the codes are erased valuable information that might help the technician troubleshoot the problem will also be erased Erase DTCs from the computer s memory as follows When DTCs are erased from the vehicle s computer memory the I M Readiness Monitor Status program resets status of all the Monitors to a not run flashing condition To set all of the Monitors to a DONE status an OBD2 Drive Cycle must be performed Refer to your vehicle s service manual for information on how to perform an OBD2 Drive Cycle for the vehicle under test 1 If not connected already connect the CodeAdvisor to the vehicle s DLC If the CodeAdvisor is already connected and linked to the vehicle s computer proceed directly to step 4 If not continue to step 2 2 Turn the ignition on DO N
12. describe faults Before OBD2 each vehicle manufacturer used their own code numbers code definitions and language to describe the same faults m To expand the operation of the Malfunction Indicator Lamp MIL m To standardize communication procedures and protocols between the diagnostic equipment Scan Tools Code Readers etc and the vehicle s on board computer OBD2 Terminology The following terms and their definitions are related to OBD2 systems Read and reference this list as needed to aid in the understanding of OBD2 systems OBD2 11 Onboard Diagnostics COMPUTER ENGINE CONTROLS 12 Powertrain Control Module PCM The PCM is the OBD2 accepted term for the vehicle s on board computer In addition to controlling the engine management and emissions systems the PCM also participates in controlling the powertrain transmission operation Most PCMs also have the ability to communicate with other computers on the vehicle ABS ride control body etc Monitor Monitors are diagnostic routines programmed into the PCM The PCM utilizes these programs to run diagnostic tests and to monitor operation of the vehicle s emissions related components or systems to ensure they are operating correctly and within the vehicle s manufacturer specifications Currently up to fifteen Monitors are used in OBD2 systems Additional Monitors will be added as the OBD2 system is further developed Not all vehicle
13. displayed the total number of codes retrieved and whether or not the displayed code commanded the MIL on If the code being displayed is a PENDING code the PENDING icon is shown If the code being displayed is a PERMANENT code the PERMANENT icon is shown m The Diagnostic Trouble Code DTC and related code definition are shown in the lower section of the display In the case of long code definitions or when viewing Freeze Frame Data a small arrow is shown in the upper lower right hand corner of the CodeAdvisor display area to indicate the presence of additional information Use the W button as necessary to view the additional information If a definition for the currently displayed code is not available an advisory message shows on the CodeAdvisor s display 9 Read and interpret the Diagnostic Trouble Codes using the LCD display and the green yellow and red LEDs The green yellow and red LEDs are used with the LCD display as visual aids to make it easier to determine engine system conditions Green LED Indicates that all engine systems are running normally All monitors on the 9 vehicle are active and are performing their diagnostic testing and no trouble codes are present A zero will show on the CodeAdvisor s display and all Monitor icons will be solid o o zucca Ca MONITOR STATUS 28 OBD2 Using the CodeAdvisor CODE RETRIEVAL
14. on page 25 for details ALWAYS observe safety precautions whenever working on a vehicle See Safety Precautions on page 2 for more information 1 Turn the ignition off 2 Locate the vehicle s 16 pin Data Link Connector DLC See page 3 for connector location 3 Connect the CodeAdvisor s cable connec tor to the vehicle s DLC The cable con nector is keyed and will only fit one way m f you have problems connecting the cable connector to the DLC rotate the connector 180 and try again m f you still have problems check the DLC on the vehicle and on the CodeAdvisor Refer to your vehicle s service manual to properly check the vehicle s DLC m After the CodeAdvisor s test connector is properly connected to the vehicle s DLC the Vehicle icon 4i should display to confirm a good power connection 4 Turn the ignition on DO NOT start the engine 5 The CodeAdvisor will automatically turn ON m f the unit does not power on automatically when connected to the vehicle s DLC connector it usually indicates there is no power present at the vehicle s DLC connector Check your fuse panel and replace any burned out fuses m f replacing the fuse s does not correct the problem consult your vehicle s repair manual to identify the proper computer PCM fuse circuit and perform any necessary repairs before proceeding OBD2 Using the CodeAdvisor CODE RETRIEVAL PROCEDURE 6 The CodeAdvisor will aut
15. or other acts of nature or if the product was altered or repaired by anyone other than the Manufacturer s Service Center The Manufacturer under no circumstances shall be liable for any consequential damages for breach of any written warranty of this unit This warranty gives you specific legal rights and you may have other rights which vary from state to state This manual is copyrighted with all rights reserved No portion of this document may be copied or reproduced by any means without the express written permission of the Manufacturer THIS WARRANTY IS NOT TRANSFERABLE For service send via U P S if possible prepaid to Manufacturer Allow 3 4 weeks for service repair SERVICE PROCEDURES If you have any questions require technical support or information on UPDATES and OPTIONAL ACCESSORIES please contact your local store distributor or the Service Center 877 336 2826 33 MATCO 6 00 AM 6 00 PM Monday Saturday PST Web matco carscan com OBD2 37 TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE AS 5 HABLAMOS ESPANOL SERVICE IN USA WE EMPLOY TECHNICIANS CERTIFIED BY ASE ONLY LET US SHOW YOU THEIR CREDENTIALS matco carscan com 17352 Von Karman Avenue PRODUCT DESIGN amp COPYRIGHT Irvine CA 92614 TE Printed in China Instruction MRP 393 0397 2013 est Copyright 2013 IEC All Rights Reserved
16. sensor reach and maintain its minimum operating temperature 600 F more quickly to bring the vehicle into closed loop operation as soon as possible The Oxygen Sensor Heater Monitor is supported by spark ignition vehicles only The Oxygen Sensor Heater Monitor is a Two Trip Monitor If a fault is found on the first trip the computer temporarily saves the fault in its memory as a Pending Code The computer does not command the MIL on at this time If the fault is sensed again on the second trip the computer commands the MIL On and saves the code in its long term memory Q Oxygen Sensor Monitor The Oxygen Sensor monitors how much oxygen is in the vehicle s exhaust It generates a varying voltage of up to one volt based on how much oxygen is in the exhaust gas and sends the signal to the computer The computer uses this signal to make corrections to the air fuel mixture If the exhaust gas has a large amount of oxygen a lean air fuel mixture the oxygen sensor generates a low voltage signal If the exhaust gas has very little oxygen a rich mixture condition the oxygen sensor generates a high voltage signal A 450mV signal indicates the most efficient and least polluting air fuel ratio of 14 7 parts of air to one part of fuel The oxygen sensor must reach a temperature of at least 600 650 F and the engine must reach normal operating temperature for the computer to enter into closed loop operation The oxygen sensor o
17. serious injury always be aware of moving parts Keep a safe distance from these parts as well as other potentially moving objects Engine parts become very hot when the engine is running To prevent severe burns avoid contact with hot engine parts Before starting an engine for testing or trouble shooting make sure the parking brake is engaged Put the transmission in park for automatic transmission or neutral for manual transmission Block the drive wheels with suitable blocks Connecting or disconnecting test equipment when the ignition is ON can damage test equipment and the vehicle s electronic components Turn the ignition OFF before connecting the Code Reader to or disconnecting the Code Reader from the vehicle s Data Link Connector DLC To prevent damage to the on board computer when taking vehicle electrical measurements always use digital multimeter with at least 10 MegOhms of impedance The vehicle s battery produces highly flammable hydrogen gas To prevent an explosion keep all sparks heated items and open flames away from the battery Don t wear loose clothing or jewelry when working on an engine Loose clothing can become caught in the fan pulleys belts etc Jewelry is highly conductive and can cause a severe burn if it makes contact between a power source and ground OBD2 About the CodeAdvisor VEHICLES COVERED VEHICLES COVERED The CodeAdvisor is designed to work on all OBD2 compliant v
18. some manufacturers may still position it in the engine compartment Vehicle sensors switches and actuators are located throughout the engine and are connected by electrical wiring to the on board computer These devices include oxygen sensors coolant temperature sensors throttle position sensors fuel injectors etc Sensors and switches are input devices They provide signals representing current engine operating conditions to the computer Actuators are output devices They perform actions in response to commands received from the computer The on board computer receives information inputs from sensors and switches located throughout the engine These devices monitor critical engine conditions such as coolant temperature engine speed engine load throttle position air fuel ratio etc The computer compares the values received from these sensors with its preset reference values and makes corrective actions as needed so that the sensor values always match the preset reference values for the current driving condition The computer makes adjustments by commanding other devices such as the fuel injectors idle air control EGR valve or Ignition Module to perform these actions TYPICAL COMPUTER OUTPUT DEVICES CONTROL SYSTEM Fuel Injectors Idle Air Control EGR Valve Ignition Module 2 JX On Board Computer INPUT DEVICES Coolant Temperature Sensor Throttle Position Sensor Fuel Injectors INPUT DEVICES Oxygen Sensors
19. EHICLE SERVICE MANUALS BEFORE YOU BEGIN Fix any known mechanical problems before performing any test See your vehicle s service manual or a mechanic for more information Check the following areas before starting any test m Check the engine oil power steering fluid transmission fluid if applicable engine coolant and other fluids for proper levels Top off low fluid levels if needed m Make sure the air filter is clean and in good condition Make sure all air filter ducts are properly connected Check the air filter ducts for holes rips or cracks m sure all engine belts are in good condition Check for cracked torn brittle loose or missing belts m Make sure mechanical linkages to engine sensors throttle gearshift position transmission etc are secure and properly connected See your vehicle s service manual for locations m Check all rubber hoses radiator and steel hoses vacuum fuel for leaks cracks blockage or other damage Make sure all hoses are routed and connected properly m Make sure all spark plugs are clean and in good condition Check for damaged loose disconnected or missing spark plug wires m Make sure the battery terminals are clean and tight Check for corrosion or broken connections Check for proper battery and charging system voltages m Check all electrical wiring and harnesses for proper connection Make sure wire insulation is in good condition and there are no bare wires
20. ENTER 4 button to save your changes and retum to the Tool Setting Menu Viewing the Firmware Version 1 Use the DOWN w button to highlight Firmware Version in the Tool Setting Menu then press the ENTER button m The Firmware Version screen displays m The screen shows the CodeAdvisor s current firmware version bootloader version and database version 2 Press the ENTER 4 1 button to return to the Tool Setting Menu Exiting the MENU Mode 1 Use the DOWN w buttons to highlight Exit in the Tool Setting Menu then press the ENTER button m The display returns to the previous screen 34 OBD2 OBD2 35 36 OBD2 Warranty and Servicing LIMITED ONE YEAR WARRANTY The Manufacturer warrants to the original purchaser that this unit is free of defects in materials and workmanship under normal use and maintenance for a period of one 1 year from the date of original purchase If the unit fails within the one 1 year period it will be repaired or replaced at the Manufacturer s option at no charge when returned prepaid to the Service Center with Proof of Purchase The sales receipt may be used for this purpose Installation labor is not covered under this warranty All replacement parts whether new or remanufactured will default to the remaining warranty period This warranty does not apply to damage caused by improper use accident abuse improper voltage service fire flood lightning
21. Monitor to run and complete its diagnostic testing are met The Trip Drive Cycle for a particular Monitor begins when the ignition key is turned On It is successfully completed when all the Enabling Criteria for the Monitor to run and complete its diagnostic testing are met by the time the ignition key is turned Off Since each of the eleven monitors is designed to run diagnostics and testing on a different part of the engine or emissions system the Trip Drive Cycle needed for each individual Monitor to run and complete varies OBD2 Onboard Diagnostics DIAGNOSTIC TROUBLE CODES DTCs m OBD2 Drive Cycle An OBD2 Drive Cycle is an extended set of driving procedures that takes into consideration the various types of driving conditions encountered in real life These conditions may include starting the vehicle when it is cold driving the vehicle at a steady speed cruising accelerating etc An OBD2 Drive Cycle begins when the ignition key is turned On when cold and ends when the vehicle has been driven in such a way as to have all the Enabling Criteria met for all its applicable Monitors Only those trips that provide the Enabling Criteria for all Monitors applicable to the vehicle to run and complete their individual diagnostic tests qualify as an OBD2 Drive Cycle OBD2 Drive Cycle requirements vary from one model of vehicle to another Vehicle manufacturers set these procedures Consult your vehicle s service m
22. OT start the engine The CodeAdvisor will automati cally link to the vehicle s computer 3 Once codes have been retrieved press and release the CodeAdvisors ERASE 52 button A confirmation message shows on the display m f you change your mind and do not wish to erase the codes use the DOWN v button as necessary to highlight No then press the ENTER 4 button OBD2 31 Using the CodeAdvisor ERASING DIAGNOSTIC TROUBLE CODES DTCs m If you wish to continue use the DOWN w button as necessary to highlight Yes then press the ENTER lt 4 button 4 If you chose to erase DTCs m f the erase was successful the CodeAdvisor will relink to the vehicle and display the DTC screen m f the erase was not successful an advisory message shows on the display Verify that the CodeAdvisor is properly connected to the vehicle s DLC and that the ignition is on then repeat steps 2 and 3 above Erasing DTCs does not fix the problem s that caused the e code s to be set If proper repairs to correct the problem that caused the code s to be set are not made the code s will appear again and the check engine light will illuminate as soon as the vehicle is driven long enough for its Monitors to complete their testing 32 OBD2 Additional Functions ADJUSTMENTS AND SETTINGS ADJUSTMENTS AND SETTINGS The CodeAdvisor lets you make several adjustments and settings to configure the CodeAdvisor for y
23. anual for OBD2 Drive Cycle procedures Do not confuse a Trip Drive Cycle with an OBD2 Drive Cycle A Trip Drive Cycle provides the Enabling Criteria for one specific Monitor to run and complete its diagnostic testing An OBD2 Drive Cycle must meet the Enabling Criteria for all Monitors on a particular vehicle to run and complete their diagnostic testing m Warm up Cycle Vehicle operation after an engine off period where engine temperature rises at least 40 F 22 C from its temperature before starting and reaches at least 160 F 70 C The PCM uses warm up cycles as a counter to automatically erase a specific code and related data from its memory When no faults related to the original problem are detected within a specified number of warm up cycles the code is erased automatically DIAGNOSTIC TROUBLE CODES DTCs Diagnostic Trouble Codes DTCs are meant to guide you to the proper Diagnostic Trouble service procedure in the vehicle s Codes DTCs are service manual DO NOT replace parts codes that identify a based only on DTCs without first specific problem area consulting the vehicle s service manual for proper testing procedures for that particular system circuit or component DTCs are alphanumeric codes that are used to identify a problem that is present in any of the systems that are monitored by the on board computer PCM Each trouble code has an assigned message that identifies the circuit compon
24. eAdvisor automatically displays the code definitions if available for Generic DTC s m that start with P1 and some P3 are Manufacturer specific codes and their code definitions vary with each vehicle manufacturer When a Manufacturer specific DTC is retrieved jener ic the LCD display shows a list of vehicle E i ue E manufacturers Use the DOWN w HC button as necessary to highlight the appropriate manufacturer then press the ENTER lt button to display the correct code definition for your vehicle A confirmation message shows on the CodeAdvisor s display OBD2 29 Using the CodeAdvisor CODE RETRIEVAL PROCEDURE If the correct manufacturer is shown use the DOWN w button as necessary to highlight Yes then press the ENTER lt 4 button to continue is correct f the correct manufacturer is not shown use the DOWN w button as necessary to highlight No then press the ENTER button to return to the Select Manufacturer screen Se If the manufacturer for your vehicle is not listed use the DOWN w button as necessary to select More then press the ENTER 4 button to view additional manufacturers If the definition for the currently displayed code is not available an advisory message shows on the CodeAdvisor s display 22 FREEZEFRAME UC 10 If more than one DTC was retrieved and to view Freeze Frame Data press and release the DTC FF button as necessary
25. eam of the exhaust manifold It helps to oxidize burn the unburned fuel hydrocarbons and partially burned fuel carbon monoxide left over from the combustion process To accomplish this heat and catalyst materials inside the converter react with the exhaust gases to burn the remaining fuel Some materials inside the catalytic converter also have the ability to store oxygen and release it as needed to oxidize hydrocarbons and carbon monoxide In the process it reduces vehicle emissions by converting the polluting gases into carbon dioxide and water The computer checks the efficiency of the catalytic converter by monitoring the oxygen sensors used by the system One sensor is located before upstream of the converter the other is located after downstream 18 OBD2 Onboard Diagnostics OBD2 MONITORS of the converter If the catalytic converter loses its ability to store oxygen the downstream sensor signal voltage becomes almost the same as the upstream sensor signal In this case the monitor fails the test The Catalyst Monitor is supported by spark ignition vehicles only The Catalyst Monitor is a Two Trip Monitor If a fault is found on the first trip the computer temporarily saves the fault in its memory as a Pending Code The computer does not command the MIL on at this time If the fault is sensed again on the second trip the computer commands the MIL On and saves the code in its long term memory Heated
26. ehicles All 1996 and newer vehicles cars and light trucks sold in the United States are OBD2 compliant This includes all Domestic Asian and European vehicles Some 1994 and 1995 vehicles are OBD2 compliant To find out if a 1994 or 1995 vehicle is OBD2 compliant check the following 1 The Vehicle Emissions Control Information VECI Label This label is located under the hood or by the radiator of most vehicles If the vehicle is OBD2 compliant the label will state OBD II Certified VEHICLE EMISSION CONTROL INFORMATION ENGINE FAMILY EFN2 6YBT2BA DISPLACEMENT 2 6L VEHICLE _ THIS VEHICLE CONFORMS TO U S EPA AND STATE a MANUFACTURER OF CALIFORNIA REGULATIONS APPLICABLE TO 1999 MODEL YEAR NEW TLEV PASSENGER CARS OBD II REFER TO SERVICE MANUAL FOR ADDITIONAL INFORMATION TUNE UP CONDITIONS NORMAL OPERATING ENGINE TEMPERATURE CERTIFIED ACCESSORIES OFF COOLING FAN OFF TRANSMISSION IN NEUTRAL EXHAUST EMISSIONS STANDARDS STANDARD CATEGORY CERTIFICATION TLEV IN USE TLEV INTERMEDIATE weeen CATALYST lll GAP 1 1MM 2 Government Regulations require that all OBD2 compliant vehicles must have a common sixteen pin Data Link Connector DLC Some 1994 and 1995 vehicles have 16 pin connectors but are not OBD2 compliant Only those vehicles with a Vehicle Emissions Control Label stating OBD II Certified are OBD2 compliant Data Link Connector DLC Location
27. ensure compete combustion of the air fuel mixture The Boost Pressure System Monitor checks for component integrity and system operation and tests for faults in the system The computer runs this Monitor once per trip The Boost Pressure System Monitor is supported by compression ignition vehicles only The Boost Pressure System Monitor is a Two Trip Monitor If a fault is found on the first trip the computer temporarily saves the fault in its memory as a Pending Code The computer does not command the MIL on at this time If the fault is sensed again on the second trip the computer commands the MIL On and saves the code in its long term memory Exhaust Gas Sensor Monitor The exhaust gas sensor is used by a number of systems monitors to determine the content of the exhaust stream The computer checks for component integrity system operation and tests for faults in the system as well as feedback faults that may affect other emission control systems The Exhaust Gas Sensor Monitor is supported by compression ignition vehicles only The Exhaust Gas Sensor Monitor is a Two Trip Monitor If a fault is found on the first trip the computer temporarily saves the fault in its memory as a Pending Code The computer does not command the MIL on at this time If the fault is sensed again on the second trip the computer commands the MIL On and saves the code in its long term memory 22 OBD2 Onboard Diagn
28. ent or system area where the problem was found OBD2 diagnostic trouble codes are made up of five characters m The 1st character is a letter B C P or U It identifies the main sys tem where the fault occurred Body Chassis Powertrain or Network m The 2nd character is a numeric digit 0 thru 3 It identifies the type of code Generic or Manufacturer Specific Generic DTCs are codes that are used by all vehicle manu facturers The standards for generic DTCs as well as their definitions are set by the Society of Automotive Engineers SAE OBD2 13 Onboard Diagnostics DIAGNOSTIC TROUBLE CODES DTCs 14 Manufacturer Specific DTCs are codes that are controlled by up the vehicle manufacturers The Federal Government does not require vehicle manufacturers to go beyond the standardized generic DTCs in order to comply with the new OBD2 emissions standards However manufacturers are free to expand beyond the standardized codes to make their systems easier to diagnose m The 3rd character is a letter or a numeric digit 0 thru 9 A thru It identifies the specific system or sub system where the problem is located m The 4th and 5th characters are letters or numeric digits 0 thru 9 A thru F They identify the section of the system that is malfunctioning OBD2 DTC EXAMPLE P0201 Injector Circuit Malfunction Cylinder 1 Body P0201 Chassis Powertrain Network Generic Manufact
29. escribe the lamp on the dashboard that lights to warn the driver that an emissions related fault has been found Some manufacturers may still call this lamp a Check Engine or Service Engine Soon light There are two types of DTCs used for emissions related faults Type A and Type B Type A codes are One Trip codes Type B DTCs are usually Two Trip DTCs When a Type A DTC is found on the First Trip the following events take place m The computer commands the MIL On when the failure is first found m If the failure causes a severe misfire that may cause damage to the catalytic converter the MIL flashes once per second The MIL continues to flash as long as the condition exists If the condition that caused the MIL to flash is no longer present the MIL will light steady On m A DTC is saved in the computer s memory for later retrieval A Freeze Frame of the conditions present in the engine or emissions system when the MIL was ordered On is saved in the computer s memory for later retrieval This information shows fuel system status closed loop or open loop engine load coolant temperature fuel trim value MAP vacuum engine RPM and DTC priority When a Type B DTC is found on the First Trip the following events take place m The computer sets a Pending DTC but the MIL is not ordered On Freeze Frame data may or may not be saved at this time depending on manufacturer The Pending DTC
30. ion options When LINKED to a vehicle scrolls down through the current display screen to display any additional data XD LINK button When the CodeAdvisor is connected to a vehicle links the CodeAdvisor to the vehicle s PCM to retrieve diagnostic data from the computer s memory About the CodeAdvisor DISPLAY FUNCTIONS 10 4 button When in MENU mode confirms the selected option or value GREEN LED Indicates that all engine systems are running normally all Monitors on the vehicle are active and performing their diagnostic testing and no DTCs are present YELLOW LED Indicates there is a possible problem A Pending DTC is present and or some of the vehicle s emission monitors have not run their diagnostic testing RED LED Indicates there is a problem in one or more of the vehicle s systems The red LED is also used to show that DTC s are present DTCs are shown on the CodeAdvisor s LCD display In this case the Multifunction Indicator Check Engine lamp on the vehicle s instrument panel will light steady on LCD Display Displays test results CodeAdvisor functions and Monitor status information See DISPLAY FUNCTIONS below for details CABLE Connects the CodeAdvisor to the vehicle s Data Link Connector DLC DISPLAY FUNCTIONS 1 8 DING LJ p reer Tok IO T LL Figure 2 Display Functions See Figure 2 for the locations of items 1 through 10 below 1
31. is saved in the computer s memory for later retrieval m f the failure is found on the second consecutive trip the MIL is ordered On Freeze Frame data is saved in the computer s memory m If the failure is not found on the second Trip the Pending DTC is erased from the computer s memory The MIL will stay lit for both Type A and Type B codes until one of the following conditions occurs OBD2 15 Onboard Diagnostics OBD2 MONITORS m lf the conditions that caused the MIL to light are no longer present for the next three trips in a row the computer automatically turns the MIL Off if no other emissions related faults are present However the DTCs remain in the computer s memory as a history code for 40 warm up cycles 80 warm up cycles for fuel and misfire faults The DTCs are automatically erased if the fault that caused them to be set is not detected again during that period m Misfire and fuel system faults require three trips with similar conditions before the MIL is turned Off These are trips where the engine load RPM and temperature are similar to the conditions present when the fault was first found After the MIL has been turned off DTCs and Freeze Frame data stay in the computer s memory m Erasing the DTCs from the computer s memory can also turn off the MIL See ERASING DIAGNOSTIC TROUBLE CODES DTCs on page 31 before erasing codes from the computers memory If a Diagnostic Tool
32. isor is communicating with the vehicle s computer 7 After approximately 4 5 seconds the CodeAdvisor will retrieve and display any Diagnostic Trouble Codes Monitor Status and Freeze Frame Data retrieved from the vehicle s computer memory m The CodeAdvisor will display a code only if codes are present in the vehicle s computer memory If no codes are present a No DTC s or Freeze Frame data presently stored in the vehicle s computer message is displayed m The CodeAdvisor is capable of retrieving and storing up to 32 codes in memory for immediate or later viewing TO L IHE OBD2 27 Using the CodeAdvisor CODE RETRIEVAL PROCEDURE 8 To read the display Refer to DISPLAY FUNCTIONS on page 6 for a description of display elements m A visible icon indicates that the CodeAdvisor is being powered through the vehicle s DLC connector A visible icon indicates that the CodeAdvisor is linked to communicating with the vehicle s computer m The I M Monitor Status icons indicate the type and number of Monitors the vehicle supports and provides indications of the current status of the vehicle s Monitors A solid Monitor icon indicates the associated Monitor has run and completed its testing A blinking Monitor icon indicates the associated Monitor has not run and completed its testing m The upper right hand corner of the display shows the number of the code currently being
33. le Computer Control Systems can perform millions of calculations each second This makes them an ideal substitute for the slower mechanical engine controls By switching from mechanical to electronic engine controls vehicle manufacturers are able to control fuel delivery and spark timing more precisely Some newer Computer Control Systems also provide control over other vehicle functions such as transmission brakes charging body and suspension systems 8 OBD2 Onboard Diagnostics COMPUTER ENGINE CONTROLS The Basic Engine Computer Control System The Computer Control System consists of an on board computer and several related control devices sensors switches and actuators The on board computer is the heart of the Computer Control System The computer contains several programs with preset reference values for air fuel ratio spark or ignition timing injector pulse width engine speed etc Separate values are provided for various driving conditions such as idle low speed driving high speed driving low load or high load The preset reference values represent the ideal air fuel mixture spark timing transmission gear selection etc for any driving condition These values are programmed by the vehicle manufacturer and are specific to each vehicle model Most on board computers are located inside the vehicle behind the dashboard under the passenger s or driver s seat or behind the right kick panel However
34. ll other sensors Based on the input data the computer determines that the signal from the throttle position sensor is not rational does not make sense when compared to the other inputs In this case the signal would fail the rationality test The CCM is supported by both spark ignition vehicles and compression ignition vehicles The CCM may be either a One Trip or a Two Trip Monitor depending on the component OBD2 17 Onboard Diagnostics OBD2 MONITORS Q Fuel System Monitor This Monitor uses a Fuel System Correction program called Fuel Trim inside the on board computer Fuel Trim is a set of positive and negative values that represent adding or subtracting fuel from the engine This program is used to correct for a lean too much air not enough fuel or rich too much fuel not enough air air fuel mixture The program is designed to add or subtract fuel as needed up to a certain percent If the correction needed is too large and exceeds the time and percent allowed by the program a fault is indicated by the computer The Fuel System Monitor is supported by both spark ignition vehicles and compression ignition vehicles The Fuel System Monitor may be a One Trip or Two Trip Monitor depending on the severity of the problem Q Misfire Monitor This Monitor continuously checks for engine misfires A misfire occurs when the air fuel mixture in the cylinder does not ignite The misfire Monito
35. n vehicles The EGR Monitor is a Two Trip Monitor If a fault is found on the first trip the computer temporarily saves the fault in its memory as a Pending Code The computer does not command the MIL on at this time If the fault is sensed again on the second trip the computer commands the MIL On and saves the code in its long term memory Evaporative System EVAP Monitor OBD2 vehicles are equipped with a fuel Evaporative system EVAP that helps prevent fuel vapors from evaporating into the air The EVAP system carries fumes from the fuel tank to the engine where they are burned during combustion The EVAP system may consist of a charcoal canister fuel tank cap purge solenoid vent solenoid flow monitor leak detector and connecting tubes lines and hoses Fumes are carried from the fuel tank to the charcoal canister by hoses or tubes The fumes are stored in the charcoal canister The computer controls the flow of fuel vapors from the charcoal canister to the engine via a purge solenoid The computer energizes or de energizes the purge OBD2 19 Onboard Diagnostics OBD2 MONITORS solenoid depending on solenoid design The purge solenoid opens a valve to allow engine vacuum to draw the fuel vapors from the canister into the engine where the vapors are burned The EVAP Monitor checks for proper fuel vapor flow to the engine and pressurizes the system to test for leaks The computer runs this Monitor once per t
36. nly 20 OBD2 Onboard Diagnostics OBD2 MONITORS functions when the computer is in closed loop A properly operating oxygen sensor reacts quickly to any change in oxygen content in the exhaust stream A faulty oxygen sensor reacts slowly or its voltage signal is weak or missing The Oxygen Sensor Monitor is supported by spark ignition vehicles only The Oxygen Sensor Monitor is a Two Trip monitor If a fault is found on the first trip the computer temporarily saves the fault in its memory as a Pending Code The computer does not command the MIL on at this time If the fault is sensed again on the second trip the computer commands the MIL On and saves the code in its long term memory Secondary Air System Monitor When a cold engine is first started it runs in open loop mode During open loop operation the engine usually runs rich A vehicle running rich wastes fuel and creates increased emissions such as carbon monoxide and some hydrocarbons A Secondary Air System injects air into the exhaust stream to aid catalytic converter operation 1 It supplies the catalytic converter with the oxygen it needs to oxidize the carbon monoxide and hydrocarbons left over from the combustion process during engine warm up 2 The extra oxygen injected into the exhaust stream also helps the catalytic converter reach operating temperature more quickly during warm up periods The catalytic converter must heat to operating temperatu
37. nnected to the Francais vehicle s DLC the Select Language screen displays 3 Use the DOWN w button as necessary to highlight the desired display language 4 When the desired display language is selected press the ENTER 4 1 button to confirm your selection m The Select Unit screen displays 5 Use the DOWN w button as necessary to highlight the desired unit of measure ment 6 When the desired unit of measurement is selected press the ENTER lt button to confirm your selection Se After the initial language and unit of measurement selections are performed these as well as other settings can be changed as desired Proceed to ADJUSTMENTS AND SETTINGS on page 33 for further instructions 4 OBD2 About the CodeAdvisor CONTROLS AND INDICATORS CONTROLS AND INDICATORS voltase circuitsoren bank 2 sensor 1 MD60 Tech 1 877 336 2826 A d pre a ap 4 CodeAdvisor Figure 1 Controls and Indicators See Figure 1 for the locations of items 1 through 10 below 1 OBD2 lt 2 ERASE button Erases Diagnostic Trouble Codes DTCs and Freeze Frame data from your vehicle s computer and resets Monitor status DTC FF button Displays the DTC View screen and or scrolls the display to view DTCs and Freeze Frame data when more than one DTC is present w DOWN button When in MENU mode scrolls down through the menu and submenu select
38. omatically start a check of the vehicle s computer to determine which type of communication protocol it is using When the CodeAdvisor identifies the computer s communication protocol communica Hetectins the Protocol tion link is established The protocol type used by the vehicle s computer is shown on the display A PROTOCOL is a set of rules and procedures for regulating data transmission between computers and between testing equipment and computers As of this writing five different types of protocols ISO 9141 Keyword 2000 J1850 PWM J1850 VPW and CAN are in use by vehicle manufacturers The CodeAdvisor automati cally identifies the protocol type and establishes a communication link with the vehicle s computer m If the CodeAdvisor fails to link to the vehicle s computer a Linking Failed message shows on the CodeAdvisor s display Ning a n ablizh a Verify the connection at the DLC and verify the ignition is ON Turn the ignition OFF wait five seconds then turn back ON to reset the computer Ensure your vehicle is OBD2 compliant See VEHICLES COVERED on page 3 for vehicle compliance verification information m The CodeAdvisor will automatically re link to the vehicle s computer every 15 seconds to refresh the data being retrieved When data is being refreshed the message moment AUTO LINK is in progress is shown on the LCD display This action repeats as long as the CodeAdv
39. or Scan Tool is used to erase the codes Freeze Frame data will also be erased OBD2 MONITORS 16 To ensure the correct operation of the various emissions related components and systems a diagnostic program was developed and installed in the vehicle s on board computer The program has several procedures and diagnostic strategies Each procedure or diagnostic strategy is made to monitor the operation of and run diagnostic tests on a specific emissions related component or system These tests ensure the system is running correctly and is within the manufacturer s specifications On OBD2 systems these procedures and diagnostic strategies are called Monitors Currently fifteen Monitors are supported by OBD2 systems Additional monitors may be added as a result of Government regulations as the OBD2 system grows and matures Not all vehicles support all fifteen Monitors Additionally some Monitors are supported by spark ignition vehicles only while others are supported by compression ignition vehicles only Monitor operation is either Continuous or Non Continuous depending on the specific monitor Continuous Monitors Three of these Monitors are designed to constantly monitor their associated components and or systems for proper operation Continuous Monitors run constantly when the engine is running The Continuous Monitors are Q Comprehensive Component Monitor CCM Misfire Monitor Q Fuel System Monitor
40. ostics OBD2 MONITORS PM Filter Monitor The particulate matter PM filter removes particulate matter from the exhaust stream by filtration The filter has a honeycomb structure similar to a catalyst substrate but with the channels blocked at alternate ends This forces the exhaust gas to flow through the walls between the channels filtering the particulate matter out The filters are self cleaning by periodic modification of the exhaust gas concentration in order to burn off the trapped particles oxidizing the particles to form CO2 and water The computer monitors the efficiency of the filter in trapping particulate matter as well as the ability of the filter to regenerate self clean The PM Filter Monitor is supported by compression ignition vehicles only The PM Filter Monitor is a Two Trip Monitor If a fault is found on the first trip the computer temporarily saves the fault in its memory as a Pending Code The computer does not command the MIL on at this time If the fault is sensed again on the second trip the computer commands the MIL On and saves the code in its long term memory OBD2 Reference Table The table below lists current OBD2 Monitors and indicates the following for each Monitor A Monitor Type how often does the Monitor run Continuous or Once per trip B Number of trips needed with a fault present to set a pending DTC C Number of consecutive trips needed with a fault present
41. our particular needs The following adjustments and settings are available m Select Language Sets the display language for the CodeAdvisor to English French or Spanish m Unit of Measure Sets the Unit of Measure for the CodeAdvisor s display to USA or Metric m Firmware Version Displays the CodeAdvisor s firmware version Accessing the Tool Setting Menu 1 Press and hold the ENTER lt button until the Tool Setting Menu appears Selecting the Display Language 1 Use the DOWN w button to highlight Select Language in the Tool Setting Menu then press the ENTER button m The Select Language screen displays m The currently selected display Lan guage is highlighted 2 Press the DOWN w button as necessary to highlight the desired display language 3 When the desired display language is highlighted press the ENTER lt 4 button to save your changes and return to the Tool Setting Menu shown in the selected display language Setting the Unit of Measure 1 Use the DOWN w to highlight Unit of Measure in the Tool Setting Menu then press the ENTER 4 1 button m The Unit of Measure screen displays m The currently selected unit of meas urement is highlighted OBD2 33 Additional Functions ADJUSTMENTS AND SETTINGS 2 Press the DOWN w button as necessary to highlight the desired unit of measure ment 3 When the desired unit of measurement value is selected press the
42. r uses changes in crankshaft speed to sense an engine misfire When a cylinder misfires it no longer contributes to the speed of the engine and engine speed decreases each time the affected cylinder s misfire The misfire Monitor is designed to sense engine speed fluctuations and determine from which cylinder s the misfire is coming as well as how bad the misfire is There are three types of engine misfires Types 1 2 and 3 Type 1 and Type 3 misfires are two trip monitor faults If a fault is sensed on the first trip the computer temporarily saves the fault in its memory as a Pending Code The MIL is not commanded on at this time If the fault is found again on the second trip under similar conditions of engine speed load and temperature the computer commands the MIL On and the code is saved in its long term memory Type 2 misfires are the most severe type of misfire When a Type 2 misfire is sensed on the first trip the computer commands the MIL to light when the misfire is sensed If the computer determines that a Type 2 misfire is severe and may cause catalytic converter damage it commands the MIL to flash once per second as soon as the misfire is sensed When the misfire is no longer present the MIL reverts to steady On condition The Misfire Monitor is supported by both spark ignition vehicles and compression ignition vehicles Q Catalyst Monitor The catalytic converter is a device that is installed downstr
43. re to work properly The Secondary Air System Monitor checks for component integrity and system operation and tests for faults in the system The computer runs this Monitor once per trip The Secondary Air System Monitor is a Two Trip monitor If a fault is found on the first trip the computer temporarily saves this fault in its memory as a Pending Code The computer does not command the MIL on at this time If the fault is sensed again on the second trip the computer commands the MIL On and saves the code in its long term memory NM Non Methane Hydrocarbon Catalyst NMHC Monitor The non methane hydrocarbon catalyst is a type of catalytic converter It helps to remove non methane hydrocarbons NMH left over from the combustion process from the exhaust stream To accomplish this heat and catalyst materials react with the exhaust gases to convert NMH to less harmful compounds The computer checks the efficiency of the catalyst by monitoring the quantity of NMH in the exhaust stream The monitor also verifies that sufficient temperature is present to aid in particulate matter PM filter regeneration The NMHC Monitor is supported by compression ignition vehicles only The NMHC Monitor is a Two Trip Monitor If a fault is found on the first trip the computer temporarily saves the fault in its memory as a Pending Code The computer does not command the MIL on at this time If the fault is sensed again on the second t
44. rip The EVAP Monitor is supported by spark ignition vehicles only The EVAP Monitor is a Two Trip Monitor If a fault is found on the first trip the computer temporarily saves the fault in its memory as a Pending Code The computer does not command the MIL on at this time If the fault is sensed again on the second trip the PCM commands the MIL On and saves the code in its long term memory Oxygen Sensor Heater Monitor The Oxygen Sensor Heater Monitor tests the operation of the oxygen sensor s heater There are two modes of operation on a computer controlled vehicle open loop and closed loop The vehicle operates in open loop when the engine is cold before it reaches normal operating temperature The vehicle also goes to open loop mode at other times such as heavy load and full throttle conditions When the vehicle is running in open loop the oxygen sensor signal is ignored by the computer for air fuel mixture corrections Engine efficiency during open loop operation is very low and results in the production of more vehicle emissions Closed loop operation is the best condition for both vehicle emissions and vehicle operation When the vehicle is operating in closed loop the computer uses the oxygen sensor signal for air fuel mixture corrections In order for the computer to enter closed loop operation the oxygen sensor must reach a temperature of at least 600 F The oxygen sensor heater helps the oxygen
45. rip the computer commands the MIL On and saves the code in its long term memory OBD2 21 Onboard Diagnostics OBD2 MONITORS NOx Aftertreatment Monitor NOx aftertreatment is based catalytic converter support that has been coated with a special washcoat containing zeolites NOx Aftertreatment is designed to reduce oxides of nitrogen emitted in the exhaust stream The zeolite acts as a molecular sponge to trap the NO and NO2 molecules in the exhaust stream In some implementations injection of a reactant before the aftertreatment purges it NO2 in particular is unstable and will join with hydrocarbons to produce 20 and N2 The NOx Aftertreatment Monitor monitors the function of the NOx aftertreatment to ensure that tailpipe emissions remain within acceptable limits The NOx Aftertreatment Monitor is supported by compression ignition vehicles only The NOx Aftertreatment Monitor is a Two Trip Monitor If a fault is found on the first trip the computer temporarily saves the fault in its memory as a Pending Code The computer does not command the MIL on at this time If the fault is sensed again on the second trip the computer commands the MIL On and saves the code in its long term memory BP Boost Pressure System Monitor The boost pressure system serves to increase the pressure produced inside the intake manifold to a level greater than atmospheric pressure This increase in pressure helps to
46. ry for later retrieval These codes can be retrieved from the computer s memory with the use of a Code Reader or a Scan Tool On Board Diagnostics Second Generation OBD2 In addition to performing all the functions of the OBD1 System the OBD2 System has been enhanced with Bossa Aaa n new Diagnostic Programs These programs closely monitor the functions of various emissions related compo nents and systems as well as other systems and make this information readily available with the proper equipment to the technician for evaluation The California Air Resources Board CARB conducted studies on OBD1 equipped vehicles The information that was gathered from these studies showed the following OBD1 System m large number of vehicles had deteriorating or degraded emissions related components These components were causing an increase in emissions 10 OBD2 Onboard Diagnostics COMPUTER ENGINE CONTROLS m Because OBD1 systems only detect failed components the degraded components were not setting codes m Some emissions problems related to degraded components only occur when the vehicle is being driven under a load The emission checks being conducted at the time were not performed under simulated driving conditions As a result a significant number of vehicles with degraded components were passing Emissions Tests m Codes code definitions diagnostic connectors communication protocols and emission
47. s support all fifteen Monitors Enabling Criteria Each Monitor is designed to test and monitor the operation of a specific part of the vehicle s emissions system EGR system oxygen sensor catalytic converter etc A specific set of conditions or driving procedures must be met before the computer can command a Monitor to run tests on its related system These conditions are known as Enabling Criteria The requirements and procedures vary for each Monitor Some Monitors only require the ignition key to be turned On for them to run and complete their diagnostic testing Others may require a set of complex procedures such as starting the vehicle when cold bringing it to operating temperature and driving the vehicle under specific conditions before the Monitor can run and complete its diagnostic testing Monitor Has Has Not Run The terms Monitor has run or Monitor has not run are used throughout this manual Monitor has run means the PCM has commanded a particular Monitor to perform the required diagnostic testing on a system to ensure the System is operating correctly within factory specifications The term Monitor has not run means the PCM has not yet commanded a particular Monitor to perform diagnostic testing on its associated part of the emissions system Trip A Trip for a particular Monitor requires that the vehicle is being driven in such a way that all the required Enabling Criteria for the
48. s terminology were different for each manufacturer This caused confusion for the technicians working on different make and model vehicles To address the problems made evident by this study CARB and the EPA passed new laws and standardization requirements These laws required that vehicle manufacturers to equip their new vehicles with devices capable of meeting all of the new emissions standards and regulations It was also decided that an enhanced on board diagnostic system capable of addressing all of these problems was needed This new system is known as On Board Diagnostics Generation Two OBD2 The primary objective of the OBD2 system is to comply with the latest regulations and emissions standards established by CARB and the EPA The Main Objectives of the OBD2 System are m To detect degraded and or failed emissions related components or systems that could cause tailpipe emissions to exceed by 1 5 times the Federal Test Procedure FTP standard m To expand emissions related system monitoring This includes a set of computer run diagnostics called Monitors Monitors perform diagnostics and testing to verify that all emissions related components and or systems are operating correctly and within the manufacturer s specifications m To use a standardized Diagnostic Link Connector DLC in all vehicles Before OBD2 DLCs were of different shapes and sizes m To standardize the code numbers code definitions and language used to
49. st priority code and the one for which Freeze Frame data has been stored Code Enumerator Indicates the total number of codes retrieved from the vehicle s computer Monitor icons Indicates which Monitors are supported by the vehicle under test and whether or not the associated Monitor has run its diagnostic testing Monitor status When a Monitor icon is solid it indicates that the associated Monitor has completed its diagnostic testing When a Monitor icon is flashing it indicates that the vehicle supports the associated Monitor but the Monitor has not yet run its diagnostic testing The Monitor Status icons are associated with INSPECTION and MAINTENANCE READINESS STATUS Some states require that all vehicle Monitors have run and completed their diagnostic testing before a vehicle can be tested for Emissions Smog Check A maximum of fifteen Monitors are used on OBD2 systems Not all vehicles support all fifteen Monitors When the CodeAdvisor is linked to a vehicle only the icons for Monitors that are supported by the vehicle under test are visible on the display Onboard Diagnostics COMPUTER ENGINE CONTROLS COMPUTER ENGINE CONTROLS The Introduction of Electronic Engine Controls Electronic Computer Control Systems make it possible for vehicle manufacturers to comply with the tougher emissions and fuel efficiency standards mandated by State and Federal Governments As a result of increased air poll
50. to command the MIL On and store a DTC D Number of trips needed with no faults present to erase a Pending DTC E Number and type of trips or drive cycles needed with no faults present to turn off the MIL F Number of warm up periods needed to erase the DTC from the computer s memory after the MIL is turned off OBD2 23 Onboard Diagnostics OBD2 MONITORS Name of Monitor A B F Comprehensive Component Monitor Continuous 1 2 1 3 40 Misfire Monitor 3 similar Type 1 and 3 Popunugue 1 2 1 conditions po Misfire Monitor 3 similar Type 2 Continuous 1 conditions 80 Fuel System Monitor gt 3 similar Continuous 1 10 2 1 conditions 80 Catalytic Converter Once per Monitor trip 2 1 Strips 40 Oxygen Sensor Once per Monitor trip i 2 Sips ix Oxygen Sensor Once per A Heater Monitor trip 1 2 1 Strips 10 Exhaust Gas Recirculation EGR OncePer 4 2 1 3 trips 40 trip Monitor Evaporative On a per Emissions Controls ep 1 2 1 3 trips 40 B trip Monitor Secondary Air Once per System AIR Monitor trip 2 1 amps 40 NMHC Monitor PT 1 2 1 8 trips 40 NOx Adsorber Once per Monitor trip 1 2 1 3 trips 10 Boost Pressure Once per System Monitor trip 1 2 1 amps m Exhaust Gas Sensor Once per Monitor trip 1 2 1 Strips 40 PM Filter Monitor SEAT 1 2 1 8 trips 40 24 OBD2 Preparation for Testing BEFORE YOU BEGIN V
51. urer Specific Generic P Codes and Manufacturer Specific B C and U Codes Includes both Generic and Manufacturer Specific Codes Identifies the system where the problem is located P Code systems are listed below B C and U Code systems will vary 0 Fuel and Air Metering Auxiliary Emission Controls 1 Fuel and Air Metering 2 Fuel and Air Metering injector circuit malfunction only 3 Ignition System or Misfire 4 Auxiliary Emission Control System 5 Vehicle Speed Control and Idle Control System 6 Computer Output Circuits 7 Transmission 8 Transmission 9 Transmission A Hybrid Propulsion B Hybrid Propulsion C Hybrid Propulsion Identifies what section of the system is malfunctioning OBD2 Onboard Diagnostics DIAGNOSTIC TROUBLE CODES DTCs DTCs and MIL Status When the vehicle s on board computer detects a failure in an emissions related component or system the computers internal diagnostic program assigns a diagnostic trouble code DTC that points to the system and subsystem where the fault was found The diagnostic program saves the code in the computer s memory It records a Freeze Frame of condi tions present when the fault was found and lights the Malfunction Indicator Lamp MIL Some faults require detection for two trips in a row before the MIL is turned on The Malfunction Indicator Lamp MIL is the accepted term used to d
52. ution smog in large cities such as Los Angeles the California Air Resources Board CARB and the Environmental Protection Agency EPA set new regulations and air pollution standards to deal with the problem To further complicate matters the energy crisis of the early 1970s caused a sharp increase in fuel prices over a short period As a result vehicle manufacturers were not only required to comply with the new emissions standards they also had to make their vehicles more fuel efficient Most vehicles were required to meet a miles per gallon MPG standard set by the U S Federal Government Precise fuel delivery and spark timing are needed to reduce vehicle emissions Mechanical engine controls in use at the time such as ignition points mechanical spark advance and the carburetor responded too slowly to driving conditions to properly control fuel delivery and spark timing This made it difficult for vehicle manufacturers to meet the new standards A new Engine Control System had to be designed and integrated with the engine controls to meet the stricter standards The new system had to m Respond instantly to supply the proper mixture of air and fuel for any driving condition idle cruising low speed driving high speed driving etc Calculate instantly the best time to ignite the air fuel mixture for maximum engine efficiency m Perform both these tasks without affecting vehicle performance or fuel economy Vehic
Download Pdf Manuals
Related Search