MIKE SHE WM – User Manual
Contents
1. MIKE SHE PP User Manual Water Balance Utility DHI Water amp Environment DHI Institut for Vand amp Milj DHI Water amp Environment DHI Institut for Vand amp Milj CONTENTS DHI Software 2000 MIKE SHE PP Water Balance Utility i DHI Water amp Environment DHI Institut for Vand amp Milj DHI Software 2000 ii MIKE SHE PP Water Balance Utility DHI Water amp Environment DHI Institut for Vand amp Milj 1 WATER BALANCE UTILITY The MIKE SHE water balance utility is a post processing tool which serve the following purposes A clear unambiguous summary of flow and storage changes for the individual model components as well as for the entire model Analysis of errors occurring in the model due to input data or numerical instabilities The water balance utility enables the user to present results for the entire model area or a sub catchment area down to single columns The MIKE SHE water balance calculation consists of two steps 1 Execution of the water balance extraction program mshe wbl ex exe The extraction program calculates the gross water balance for the total catchment or one or more sub catchments 2 Execution of the water balance post processing program mshe_wbl_post exe The post processing program extracts user defined water balance data shows a flow chart for the water balance utility DHI Software 2000 MIKE SHE P2. From the WblChart program Open the wbl output file to show the chart Notice A shortcut of the WblChart program can be located on the desktop target C she540 bin WblChart exe start in C she540 bin Double click the icon and open the wbl output file or simply drag and drop the wbl output file into the icon to show the chart Notice The chart may appear slightly different on screen compared to on print or print preview 16 DHI Water amp Environment DHI Institut for Vand amp Milj MIKE SHE PP Water Balance Utility
3. positive out Szwblerr SZ water balance for layer i Szwblerrtot SZ water balance for sub catchment positive when model generates water 1 6 Running the Water Balance Utility DHI Software 2000 The water balance utility consists of two console DOS applications and a Windows application There is no graphical user interface for the water balance execution implemented at the present stage The steps of the execution of the water balance utility are outlined in the next sections 14 DHI Water amp Environment DHI Institut for Vand amp Milj MIKE SHE PP Water Balance Utility 1 6 1 Calculate the water balance Open a dos prompt e Change directory to the MIKE SHE working directory The one with the Dbase Digfiles Macro etc directories Edit your macro file e Execute the extraction program by writing mshe wbl ex The program will now prompt for the macro file name Alternative write echo lt Macro file name gt mshe wbl ex or simply mshe wbl ex lt runwbl txt where runwbl txt is a text file containing the path and name of the macro file e Execution can be performed by utilising a batch program see echo Macro 91 93 wbl mshe wbl ex gt tmpfile echo Macro 91 93 wbl mshe wbl post gt tmpfile echo Macro 91 wbl mshe wbl ex gt tmpfile echo Macro 91 wbl mshe wbl post gt tmpfile echo Macro 92 wbl mshe wbl ex gt tmpfile echo Macro 92 wbl mshe wbl post gt t
4. 000 2761043E 05 5932153E 01 The format is suitable for viewing and editing in a spread sheet program The table presents water balances over a given period of time with specified time steps The water balance can be incremental or accumulated If SZ is included in the water balance either the DHI Software 2000 MIKE SHE PP Water Balance Utility 5 DHI Water amp Environment DHI Institut for Vand amp Milj individual layers can be presented as additional rows for each time entry or the water balance can be presented for all layers in one row DHI Software 2000 6 MIKE SHE PP Water Balance Utility DHI Water amp Environment DHI Institut for Vand amp Milj 1 2 2 TO format The TO format is at the present stage not implemented 1 2 3 T2 format The T2 output option is designed for viewing the distribution of a single water balance group Specifically the option is used for analysing the distribution of errors The distribution of errors is presented in sub catchments If the water balance is calculated in all cells Wbl discretisation 3 or 4 it will be possible to present the error or any other parameter in all cells The presented values are accumulated values from start date to end date An example of the T2 output is given in Figure 2 An example of the T2 output map The map shows the distribution of the error of the unsaturated zone component As this error was significantly influenci
5. P Water Balance Utility 1 DHI Water amp Environment DHI Institut for Vand amp Milj MIKE SHE water Configuration file MIKE SHE water balance post processing program Mshe wbl post exe Figure 1 1 1 Macro File Macro file Table TO file T2 map or chart balance extraction program Flow chart for the water balance utility The specifications for the extraction and post processing program are given in a macro file 1 1 1 Result file Wbl discretisation Sub catchment file DHI Software 2000 Input to MIKE SHE water balance extraction program Name of flow result file extension frf required but no path required Determine the region s for which water balance are performed 1 entire catchment 2 each sub catchment 3 each single cell in the entire catchment 4 each single cell in areas with sub catchment grid code 1 Definition of water balance sub catchments Only required for wbl discretisation option 2 and 4 The sub catchment file T2 map should contain zeros in areas where no water balance is wanted and positive number in areas where water balance is wanted A sub catchment is defined as a region with same code The sub catchment file can contain an arbitrary number 2 DHI Water amp Environment DHI Institut for Vand amp Milj MIKE SHE PP Water Balance Utility Gross list filename of sub catchments It is recommend that the
6. ance types is present in the file she540 bin config wbl A complete overview of all water balance items is listed in Section Groups can have arbitrary names while item names has to be identical to the names listed in Section L 5 10 MIKE SHE PP Water Balance Utility DHI Water amp Environment DHI Institut for Vand amp Milj n balance type Group Component Item TOTAL Precipitatiog sm qp sz qszprecip Evapotranspiration ci qeint ol qeol uz qeu z qtuz Sz qetsz Change in overland storage ol dolsto sm dsnowsto Change in sub surface storage sz dszsto Horisontal inflow ol qolin sz qszin sz qgihbneg Horisontal outflow ol qolout ol qolrivpos ol qocdr sz qszout sz qgihbpos Abstraction sz qszabsex Drain sz qszdrin sz qszdrout sz qszdrtoriv Base flow to River sz qszrivpos sz qszrivneg Error sm smwblerr ci ciwblerr ol olwblerr uz uzwblerr sz szwblerr Figure 4 Example of water balance type specification A group could be Evapotranspiration a component could be ol and an item could be geol 1 5 Water Balance Items The water balance extract program mshe wbl ex exe calculates component water balance for the snowmelt component the canopy interception component the overland component the unsaturated zone component and the saturated zone component Water balance calculations are performed at the maximum storing time step given in the water movement module WM Recall tha
7. calculation a number of data types have to be stored in the Flow Result File shows the data types for each component that has to be stored DHI Software 2000 MIKE SHE PP Water Balance Utility 9 DHI Water amp Environment DHI Institut for Vand amp Milj Table 3 Required storage of data types The user has to include all data types that are highlighted for the components included in the simulation If e g the user wants to include snow melt SM in the simulation it is a requirement to include data types 1 precipitation and 21 snow storage in the storing of results menu F 2 a of the MIKE SHE menu system Data Component Data Component t PE gr sm loc uz sz 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 10 30 11 31 12 32 13 33 14 34 15 35 16 36 17 37 18 19 38 39 20 40 1 4 Configuration File DHI Software 2000 The configuration file specifies the contents of the defined water balance type For given water balance types a number of groups are specified Each group consists of one or more water balance items Group items are added together or subtracted in the presentation Component specification is required for all items A predefined set of water bal
8. erms OL Item Description Sign qpnet Canopy through fall qirrsheetin Sheet Irrigation from source inside Positive out always negative the sub catchment qirrsheetex Sheet Irrigation from source outside Positive out always negative the sub catchment qirrdripin Drip Irrigation from source inside the Positive out always negative sub catchment qirrdripex Drip Irrigation from source outside Positive out always negative the sub catchment qeol Evaporation from ponded water qolin OL potential flow into sub catchment qolout OL potential flow out of sub catchment qolrivpos Overland flow to river qocdr Overland flow directly to river from paved areas qh Infiltration from OL to UZ qolszpos Upwards potential flow from SZ to OL qolszneg Downwards potential flow from OL to SZ qsztofloodpos SZ flow to flooded areas Qsztofloodneg flow to SZ from flooded areas Qfloodtorivin Exchange from overland flooded areas to river inside the sub catchment Qfloodtorivex Exchange from overland flooded areas to river outside the sub catchment Dolsto Change in overland storage Olwblerr OL water balance error positive when the component generates water Unsaturated Zone Terms UZ Item Description Sign Qh OL UZ infiltration Qrech UZ SZ recharge Qtuz Transpiration from root zone Qeuz Evaporation from soil Qgwfeedbackuz Feedback form linear reserv
9. he QC tests WBL type QC1 CI OL UZ SZ SM ERROR TOTAL TOTAL CHART TOTAL ERROR DHI Software 2000 4 MIKE SHE PP Water Balance Utility DHI Water amp Environment DHI Institut for Vand amp Milj 1 2 1 2 1 FILETYPE DATATYPE VERNO 10006 0 544 Output Formats Table format The post processing program can produce output in four different formats Table format TO format T2 format and Chart format All formats except for the T2 format present a water balance for one sub catchment over a given period of time The T2 format presents a single water balance group for all sub catchments All results are presented in units of millimetres of water per area If for an example we look at abstraction presented in a table format with an output time step of 7 days the result will be the accumulated abstraction over 7 days normalised by the area of the observed sub catchment Results presented in map or chart format are accumulated over the entire output period specified in the macro file Results can be converted to m of water by multiplying the result by the number of cells in the sub catchment cell area 1000 The table format is a tab separated ASCII file that can be analysed by any text editor Table 2 shows an example of the table format Table 2 An example of the table format of the water bala
10. mber If ix and iy equals 0 then isub will be used as sub catchment Otherwise the program will determine the sub catchment form the grid co ordinates Name of output file produced by the post processing program T F when true a default configuration file is used The file is located as shedir bin config wbl otherwise the configuration file has to be specified DHI Software 2000 MIKE SHE PP Water Balance Utility 3 DHI Water amp Environment DHI Institut for Vand amp Milj 1 1 3 Configuration file Name of the configuration file for the post processing program if Default config file FALSE see Section 0 When any of the items in Section or in Section 1 1 2Jare changed the MIKE SHE water balance post processing program has to be re executed Example of macro file FILETYPE DATATYPE VERNO 10003 0 501 Result file wiel frf Wbl discritisation 2 Sub catchment file maps sub cat T2 Gross list filename wbl gross Start time 19906100 End time 19907 1200 Output time step 4 Output type 1 Water balance type SZ Output format 1 Explode layers F Output layer 0 Output location 003 Output file name wbliszwbl txt Default config file F Configuration file c shedata config wbl Several other examples of macro files are given for some of the QC tests in the shedir data examples macro directory These are referred in Table 1 Examples of macro files for several of t
11. mpfile echo Macro 93 wbl mshe wbl ex gt tmpfile echo Macro 93 wbl mshe wbl post gt tmpfile echo Macro 91 93error wbl mshe wbl ex gt tmpfile echo MacroW9 1 93error wbl mshe wbl post gt tmpfile echo Macro UZerror wbl mshe wbl ex gt tmpfile echo Macro UZerror wbl mshe wbl post gt tmpfile del tmpfile Figure 5 An example of DOS commands assembled in a batch program runwbl bat for automatic execution of a series of water balance investigations In this sequence the water balance is calculated over a 3 year period 1991 1993 and for each of the individual years with chart illustration as purpose The entire error contribution will be tabulated and the error distribution of the unsaturated zone will be mapped The tmpfile contains the screen dump and is finally erased e The execution of the post processing program mshe wbl post exe is analogue to the execution of the extraction program e Do ALWAYS check the SIGNALS directory for error files produced by the extraction or post processing program 1 6 2 Illustrate the water balance in a chart To run the water balance Chart Program to create a water balance chart e Run the mshe wbl ex and mshe wbl post programs with output format 4 DHI Software 2000 MIKE SHE PP Water Balance Utility 15 DHI Water amp Environment DHI Institut for Vand amp Milj DHI Software 2000 Run the windows application WblChart exe Ashe540 bin WblChart exe
12. nce utility The table shows the accumulated error of layer 1 to 6 for two different time steps distributed with respect to canopy interception CI snow melt SM overland OL river RIV unsaturated zone UZ saturated zone SZ and finally the total error for a selected catchment ERROR water balance accumulated layer I to 6 F 19911100 19941100 CI OL RIV UZ SZ Bjerge River Catchment DHI CI ERROR SM ERROR OL ERROR RIV ERROR UZ ERROR SZ ERROR TOTAL ERROR 991 126 00 3250502E 03 0000000 1609759E 03 1339663 4 056832 4807981E 01 4 198059 991 126 0 0000000 0000000 0000000 0000000 0000000 7424196E 02 1380522E 04 991 126 0 0000000 0000000 0000000 0000000 0000000 1380522E 04 1757028E 05 991 126 0 0000000 0000000 0000000 0000000 0000000 1757028E 05 1669177E 04 991 126 00 0000000 0000000 0000000 0000000 0000000 1669177E 04 6024096E 05 991 12600 0000000 0000000 0000000 0000000 0000000 6024096E 05 5553877E 01 991 225 00 6327183E 03 0000000 5775230E 03 2034599 6 691113 6135943E 01 6 892560 991 225 0 0000000 0000000 0000000 0000000 0000000 2069026E 02 9036145E 05 991 225 0 0000000 0000000 0000000 0000000 0000000 9036145E 05 1066767E 04 991 225 0 0000000 0000000 0000000 0000000 0000000 1066767E 04 1418173E 04 991 225 0 0000000 0000000 0000000 0000000 0000000 1418173E 04 2761043E 05 991 225 0 0000000 0000000 0000000 0000000 0000
13. ng the total error according to further investigation of the error source can be done by means of the T2 map The T2 files can be edited from the MIKE SHE 2D Graphical Editor see the MIKE SHE User Guide on Pre and Post processing DHI Software 2000 MIKE SHE PP Water Balance Utility 7 DHI Water amp Environment DHI Institut for Vand amp Milj 1 2 4 Chart format Emr 10 Predpitston Ewpotan piatan 1188 al pe fo tn Aw Ah 4 unday to 6 i 42 2 Bnundar fo o k a En Waterba ano Inomment 01 0181 Erne Figure 3 An example of the water balance chart The chart shows the accumulated water balance the entire hydrological cycle of six geological layers of the ground surface and of the atmosphere The unsaturated zone is included in the most upper layer The Chart format is the file format for the water balance Chart Pro gram As for the T2 format all presented values are accumulated values from start date to end date The water balance Chart Program only supports a few water balance types see the config file for further information An example of the water balance chart is given in Figure DHI Software 2000 8 MIKE SHE PP Water Balance Utility DHI Water amp Environment DHI Institut for Vand amp Milj To run the water balance Chart Program see Section 1 3 Storage Requirement in the Flow Result File In order to achieve a correct water balance
14. oir LR to UZ Duzdef Change in UZ deficit Uzwblerr UZ Water balance error DHI Software 2000 MIKE SHE PP Water Balance Utility 13 DHI Water amp Environment DHI Institut for Vand amp Milj Saturated Zone Terms SZ Item Description Sign Qrech UZ SZ recharge Qszprecip Precipitation added directly to SZ Qetsz SZ evapotranspiration Qszin SZ potential flow into sub catchment Qszout SZ potential flow out of sub catchment Qszzpos Upwards SZ potential flow from layer i 1 to layer i Qszzneg Downwards SZ potential flow from layer i to layer i 1 Dszsto Change in SZ storage Szstocorr UZ SZ storage adjustment term difference in unconfined storage capacity for UZ and SZ Qolszpos Upwards potential flow from SZ to OL Qolszneg Downwards potential flow from OL to SZ Qszabsex SZ abstraction Qszdrin SZ drainage into subcatchment Qszdrout SZ drainage out of subcatchment Qszdrtoriviin SZ drainage flow to rivers inside the subcatchment Qszdrtorivex SZ drainage flow to river outside the subcatchment Qszrivpos SZ aquifer inflow to river Qszrivneg River flow to SZ aquifer Qgihbpos Flow to General Internal Head Boundary cell Qgihbneg Flow from General Internal Head Boundary cell Qirrshallowwell Abstraction from shallow well to irrigation positive out Qirrremotewell Abstraction from remote well to irrigation
15. sub catchments are numbered from 1 to the number of sub catchments base name for gross list files Component gross list files are named lt filename gt _sm txt lt filename gt _ci txt etc When any of the items in Section are changed both the MIKE SHE water balance extraction program and the MIKE SHE water balance post processing program has to be executed 1 1 2 Start time End time Output time step Output type Water balance type Output format Explode layers Output layer Output location Output file name Default config file Input to MIKE SHE water balance post processing program Start date and time for the post processing of the gross lists End date and time for the post processing of the gross lists Time step used in post processing of the gross lists The output time step is adjusted to the maximum storing time step if it exceeds the specified output time step 1 incremental water balance 2 accumulated water balance SM CI OL UZ SZ TOTAL TOTAL ERROR etc The water balance types are defined in the configuration file 1 Table 2 TO file 3 T2 map 4 Table for Chart Program see Section 1 2 T F water balance showed for all layers when TRUE If the output layer is different from 0 a water balance for the specified layer will be performed ix 1y isub Sub catchment for which water balance is wanted The sub catchment is either given as grid coordinates or as a sub catchment nu
16. t all units are given in millimetres of water per area The water balances for each component are written to so called gross files This section lists the water balance terms that are present in the gross files DHI Software 2000 MIKE SHE PP Water Balance Utility 11 DHI Water amp Environment DHI Institut for Vand amp Milj Snowmelt Terms SM Item Description Sign ap Precipitation Positive upwards qirrsprinklerin Sprinkler Irrigation from source Positive out always negative inside the sub catchment qirrsprinklerex Sprinkler Irrigation from source Positive out always negative outside the sub catchment qpad Precipitation deducted snow and Positive upwards evaporation dsnowsto Change in snow storage Positive when increasing qesnow Evaporation from snow Positive out not implemented smwblerr SM Water balance error Positive when the component generates water Canopy Interception Terms Cl Item Description Sign qpad Precipitation deducted snow Positive upwards qpnet Canopy through fall Positive upwards qeint Evaporation from intercepted water Positive out dintsto Change in interception storage Positive when increasing ciwblerr CI Water balance error Positive when the component generates water DHI Software 2000 12 MIKE SHE PP Water Balance Utility DHI Water amp Environment DHI Institut for Vand amp Milj Overland T
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