QL40 ABI User Guide
Contents
1. 5 Performance Check amp Calibration 29 5 3 Marker Position The marker position is the angular value between the reference Y deviation axis and the first trace recorded by the tool The acoustic head contains a coil sensor that detects a passing magnet for each rotation of the mirror drive The synchronization pulse generated by this allows the tool micro controller to monitor rotation speed against number of samples and determine whether or not the acquired data is valid The sensor is physically positioned during assembly to be close to either O or 180 from the measuring zero point the Y axis However it is necessary to verify exactly this position and record it in the sub file of the acoustic head to obtain the correct orientation of data This procedure must be redone if maintenance operations have been made on the acoustic head A reference mark is engraved on both ends of the tool pressure housing to indicate the direction of the Y axis Figure 5 2 Reference mark Figure 5 2 Pressure housing reference mark Figure 5 3 Marker Jigs To check the marker position two support jigs are needed one square and one a half square in section as shown in Figure 5 3 Each of the jigs must have a 40mm diameter hole centered on the intersection of the vertical and horizontal centre axis The square section jig must have a square pin mounted on it with one edge of the pin at a radius of 28mm from the hole centre and on t2. Mode oe ra Cased Hol 220 Azimuthal resolution 14 00 Tool Details 10 0 Reset to default Store as default Open Hole Pt turn Preview Wave azimuth Figure 6 11 Tool settings dialog box Mount Sopris Instruments www mountsopris com 6 Maintenance 39 1 Click on Tool Details Note that the firmware version currently in use is displayed in the firmware box Click on the Upgrade button Figure 6 12 Tool Acoustic Head ll Deviation Device Tool details Model 2 10 Serial E 01102 a Upgrade Firmware 1 19 Acoustic modes Open Hole C Cased Hole behind casing Cased Hole casing thickness Figure 6 12 Tool Details dialog box 2 The following message will appear Figure 6 13 Click Yes to validate your choice ALTLogger USB 4 4 This will upgrade A4B 40 internal firmware using manufacturer supplied eprom image Improper use of this procedure may cause non tecoverable tool malfunction Are you sure you want to proceed Figure 6 13 Warning Message during firmware upload 3 Select and open the appropriate hex file provided Figure 6 14 The upgrade will start Open Bd ES Look in Gy Release FF EB 9 020901 2189 abi hex a 020905 2189 abi hex File name 020905 2189 abi hex Files of type Flash Image Files hex 3 Cancel 2 Figure 6 14 Select firmware upgrade 4 During the upgrade procedure the following message is d
3. prevent the mirror from rotating In this case keep the tool and head warm before use 6 2 1 Cleaning the acoustic head bottom section The bottom section of the televiewer assembly houses a pressure compensating bellows that must be free to move For this reason the bellows cover is removable to allow cleaning of the exterior of the bellows The interior of the bellows and main body of the televiewer head is oil filled Both the end of the bellows cover and its side wall have holes to allow pressure equalization and these holes must be kept clear The bellows cover is threaded at the top end and held by a screw thread on the main body below the nylon window The cover should only be hand tightened Keep the bellows section clean This will prevent the deterioration of glue seals and the bellows itself Grit lodged in the folds of the bellows can cause perforation if left over a period of time When removing the cover it is important to hold the nylon mirror section only which is locked integrally with the main tool while unscrewing the cover Wrenches must NOT be used Figure 6 7 and Figure 6 8 Warning Any Rotation of the nylon section relative to the main tool pressure housing will result in damage to the head and probable tool failure The outer casing to the motor section of the televiewer head i e between the nylon and main pressure housing is free to rotate on O ring seals and is not locked with the nylon mirror window se
4. 1 Preliminary note Acoustic televiewer image quality is highly dependent upon tool centralisation One set of centralisers is supplied with the QL40 ABI and is suitable for all tools with an external diameter of 40mm The standard assembly comprises upper and lower mounting rings with sets of 3 5 and 6 bowsprings Two C spanners are provided for tightening the locking ring Bowsprings for other borehole diameters are available on request The following points relating to the use of centralisers should be considered The centralisers should be fitted before mating the tool with the wireline cable head and should always be fitted from the cable head end to avoid damaging the acoustic window The compression ring of the centraliser i e the one that is screwed tight should always be fixed toward the top end of the sonde This is to avoid catching on a downhole obstruction when winching up Use the C spanner to fasten the fixing rings but take care not to cross thread or over tighten them as this could damage the pressure housing The weak point of the bowsprings is the welded bearing pin Take care during assembly as the weld can be broken by reverse bending The QL40 ABI enables inspection behind PVC casing In this situation the PVC casing must be properly centred in the borehole and the tool correctly centralised in the casing to obtain satisfactory results Figure 4 1 QL40 ABI with mounted centralizers Advanced Logic T
5. 42x2 62 ref 10023279 25340667 O Ring Viton shore 75 26 65x2 62 ref 10023276 25332006 M4x6mm Hex cap screw A2 DIN7854 25332757 M2 5x3mm Hex cap scew 2 2 25331781 M3x6mm Hex skt set screw A2 DIN913 Din HB iW IN With PIN IN 8 2 Technical drawings The following technical drawings are available on request e 19 Rack connection diagram e ABI40 Wiring Diagram Advanced Logic Technology www alt lu Index 44 Index AbiCaliper 26 AbiSurfacelmg 24 AbiThicknesslmg 26 Acoustic head 35 Acoustic head operation 6 Acoustic Window Gate settings 20 Advanced Settings 19 ALT Logger 15 Amplitude 23 Azimuth 23 Azimuth accuracy 3 Azimuthal Resolution 16 Baudrate 15 bottom sub 9 Caliper Browser Window 26 Caliper settings 19 Cased Hole Mode Settings 18 Cleaning the acoustic head bottom section 36 Configuring Tool Parameters 16 Diameter 3 Dimensions 2 discriminators 15 Downhole Pulse width 15 Echo Gate settings 19 External diameter 18 firmware 37 Functionality test 28 General Information 1 Gravity 23 head 6 impedance 6 Inclination accuracy 3 Length 3 Magn Field 23 Maintenance 32 Marker Position 29 MATRIX 15 Max Temp 3 Max Pressure 3 MChNum Browser Window 24 Measurement Principle 5 mid sub 9 Mirror rotation 28 Motor Period 23 Motor Status 23 MotSpeed 23 Mroll 23 Open Hole Mode Settings 17 Mount Sopris
6. Cased Hole casing thickness Tool Acoustic Head Deviation Device Details Serial number Model Focus inches Frequency i200 kHz Marker position 1 degree Details Tool Acoustic Head Deviation Device Details Serial number 12931 za Model 9 0 Firmware 0 0 Figure 4 15 Tool details dialog box Mount Sopris Instruments www mountsopris com 4 Operating Procedure 23 4 6 Recorded Parameters and Browsers 4 6 1 Recorded parameters The following data channels will be recorded by the tool TravelTime 1 echo Amplitude 1 echo TravelTime 2 echo Amplitude 2 echo Two Way Traveltime 1 echo usec Amplitude 1 echo NM North Magnetic HS High Side Two Way Traveltime 2 echo usec Amplitude 2 echo NM North Magnetic HS High Side ThicknessTTime Two Way Traveltime within casing usec Score Quality Index for thickness signal detection Azimuth Azimuth from Magnetic North deg Tilt Inclination from verticality deg RBR Orientation angle to High Side deg Roll Tool relative bearing calculated from accelerometers deg Mroll Tool relative bearing calculated from magnetometers deg Magn Field Magnetic field surrounding the borehole uT Gravity Absolute value of the Earth gravity g WhdTime Two way traveltime of acoustic window reflection usec WhndAmpl Amplitude
7. Echo Gate Length could be useful when noise with large amplitudes arrives towards the end of the gate period e g exclude Acoustic Window reflection multiples when logging in soft formations Acoustic Window Gate settings Figure 4 12 The length of the acoustic window can be adjusted by the user dragging the triangular handle in the preview or turning the knob in this dialog box Advanced Settings Echo s detection Acoustic Window Caliper Thickness Options Right Gate Time us Figure 4 12 Advanced settings Acoustic Window Automatic mode The system will automatically pick the arrival time of the most dominant amplitude within the Acoustic Window Gate and will store the values in the WinTime channel Thickness settings Figure 4 13 The parameters shown in this dialog box are used to compute thickness values from recorded traveltime Tool diameter mm Default tool acoustic window diameter read only Fluid velocity m s Fluid velocity constant used to convert the acoustic travel time from usec to metric or imperial units This value can be edited Casing velocity m s Steel velocity constant used to convert the acoustic travel time from usec to metric or imperial units This value can be edited Mount Sopris Instruments www mountsopris com 4 Operating Procedure 21 Advanced Settings Echo s detection Acoustic Window Caliper Thickness Options Parameters Tool diameter 37 8 Fluid velo
8. Instruments 45 Advanced Logic Technology www alt lu Index Operating Procedure 13 Options settings 21 Overview 1 Parts list 43 Performance Check amp Calibration 28 Pressure Housing 37 QL 9 QL tool 9 Quick Start 14 RBR 23 Recorded Parameters and Browsers 23 Reflection coefficient 6 Roll 23 Rolling test 28 Score 23 stack assembly 9 Surface Image Browser Window 24 T APS 23 T CPU 23 Technical drawings 43 Technical Specification 3 Telemetry 15 Thickness 18 Thickness Image Browser Window 26 Thickness settings 20 ThicknessTTime 23 Tilt 23 Tool Communication with ALT Logger 15 Tool Communication with MATRIX 15 Tool Details 22 Tool Head Adapter 33 TravelTime 23 Trouble Shooting 41 Upgrading ABI40 firmware 37 VT CPU 23 Weight 3 WhndAmpl 23 WnhndTime 23
9. and describes an innovative connection between logging tools subs allowing to build custom tool stacks QL40 describes a specific family of logging tools Each sub is equipped with its own Telemetry board Power supply element and A D converter allowing an operation as stand alone tool or as a stack in combination with other subs of the QL product family The QL40 probe line deals with two types of subs Bottom Subs and Mid Subs Bottom Sub A bottom sub is a tool that must have one or more sensors located at the bottom It can be operated in combination with other QL subs connected to the top but it is not possible to connect another sub below When used in stand alone mode the bottom sub only needs a QL40 tool top adaptor which fits the cable head Mid Sub A mid sub is a tool that can be integrated anywhere within a stack of tools When used at the bottom of a tool string a QL40 bottom plug must be used to terminate the string If the mid sub is used as a Stand alone tool it needs a QL40 bottom plug at the lower end and a QL40 tool top adaptor at the top 3 1 QL40 stack assembly QL40 tool stacks are terminated by either a QL40 bottom sub or a QL40 bottom plug At the top of the stack a QL40 tool top is required to connect the tool string to the cable head Several tool tops are already available special ones can be made on request To assemble and disassemble the subs the C spanner delivered with the tool must be used Figure 3 1 It
10. connections Adjust the telemetry settings for your wireline configuration see chapter 4 3 or 4 4 and store the new settings as default Apply the appropriate tool settings for your logging run see chapter 4 5 Verify that the wireline armour is connected to the logging system Test your interface cable between winch and data acquisition system Verify cable head integrity Verify voltage output at the cable head it should be 120V Immediately switch off the tool Possible shortcut voltage down current up Check for water ingress and cable head integrity wireline continuity Verify the interface cable between winch slip ring and data acquisition system is not loose at the connectors Check for possible source of a shortcut If the above shows no issues use test cable provided by ALT to verify tool functionality If the problem still occurs please contact service centre Verify the telemetry settings for your wireline configuration see chapter 4 3 or 4 4 If problem cannot be resolved contact support alt lu Indicates that the systems internal memory buffer is full PC can t receive incoming data streams fast enough Ensure your PC has enough resources available Set the baudrate to highest value allowed by your wireline configuration Reduce logging speed decrease azimuthal resolution and or increase vertical sample step Verify the telemetry settings for your wireline con
11. the new settings as default The tool should go through the initialization sequence in Valid status the next time the power is turned on 4 5 Configuring Tool Parameters The Configure ABI Tool Parameters dialog box Figure 4 7 can be accessed by clicking on the Settings Command button on the dashboard s Tool panel 4 5 1 Azimuthal Resolution The azimuthal resolution allows the operator to choose the number of points sampled per revolution of the tool sensor Sampling rates of 72 144 and 288 measured points per revolution are available The higher sampling rate can be used for better resolution in larger diameter boreholes but it might be less useful in small diameter hole as it would cause an overlap of sample points The speed of rotation of the focusing mirror is directly linked to the azimuthal resolution and echo mode chosen Mount Sopris Instruments www mountsopris com 4 Operating Procedure 17 Configur Abi Tool Parameters Mode Caliper Max Rehesh 220 Cased Hole 180 260 Advanced Azimuthal resolution Tool Details Reset to default Store as default Pt turn Preview Wave azimuth Us Figure 4 7 Tool settings Open Hole Mode caliper scale here in us 4 5 2 Open Hole Mode Settings This record mode is used in open hole conditions or to record the inner face of a casing Using the Caliper Max controls Figure 4 7 the extension of the real time preview of the ultra
12. 4 Ep Deviation sensor reference gt Deviation sensor reference E a Et a an a BL 1 2 Dimensions 1 General Information 1 General Information 1 3 Technical Specification 40mm 1 617m 0 165m from probe bottom 6 7 kgs 70 C 200bar Mono Coaxial 4 or 7 conductor Up to 500 Kbits per second depending on wireline ALTlogger ABOX Matrix Tool Diameter Length Measurement point Weight Max Temp Max Pressure Cable Cable type Digital data transmission Compatibility Acoustic sensor Figure 1 2 Acoustic head Fixed transducer and rotating focusing mirror 6 20 150mm 500mm 6 152mm 1 2 Mhz 3mm Up to 12 revolutions per second automatic 72 144 288 operator defined 0 08mm APS544 Middle point of sensor located at 1 365 m from tool bottom 3 axis magnetometer 3 accelerometers 0 5 degree 1 2 degree Acoustic sensor Measurement range Focusing diameter Frequency Acoustic beam width Rotation speed Azimuthal resolution Caliper resolution Orientation sensor Sensor Location Orientation Inclination accuracy Azimuth accuracy Diameter range of the hole in which the measurement is possible Diameter of the hole where the focusing of the acoustical beam is optimum Advanced Logic Technology www alt lu 4 1 General Information Mount Sopri
13. 90 6 RAR 24 7 65 INS AEA Sees seat esse ee as 8 Append SLE ois NRE EE SESS EE ESS LR SR E 8 1 Parts ISt ceir r SA E O N 24 SLL Tooldelivery kit E E aa 24 8 1 2 Spare kit QL40 ABI ref 2090001001 ee eecccessececeeeseeeeseseeeseseeeseneees 24 8 2 Technical drawings aneen a E aR 24 WAG OX nerian DS RSS E NEA DAS 1 General Information 1 1 General Information The QL40 ABI is the latest generation of acoustic televiewer Based on more than 10 years of experience and market leadership with BHTV technology the new system consists of a completely redesigned acoustic sensor and new electronics The electronic architecture uses a 14 Bit A D converter directly coupled to a superfast 75 Mops DSP digital signal processor The DSP is performing complex data processing operations in real time on each individual ultrasonic wave train and that allows a wider dynamic range of signal detection and easy field operation in a wide variety of logging applications This QL40 ABI bottom sub has its own Telemetry board Power supply element and A D converter allowing the tool to be operated as a stand alone probe QL tool top needed or in combination with other subs of the QL family 1 1 Overview Acoustic borehole scanner tools generate an image of the borehole wall by transmitting ultrasound pulses from a fixed transducer with rotating mirror and recording t
14. ALT will void the tool warranty The QL40 ABI televiewer is a delicate instrument and should be treated with care at all times Excessive shock or extreme temperatures should be avoided and the tool should always be transported in its transport case or a similarly cushioned enclosure Never support the tool on the acoustic head Experience shows that with attention to these points the QL40 ABI will give several years fault free operation The QL40 ABI televiewer separates into four basic parts e The tool top adaptor e The pressure housing e The electronic chassis e The acoustic head Tool top adaptor Pressure housing Electronic chassis Acoustical head Figure 6 1 QL40 ABI and QL40 GO4 exploded view Should it become necessary to open the tool the tool parts must be separated in the following sequence 1 Remove the tool top adapter 2 Remove the acoustic head 3 Remove the pressure housing Disassembly of the electronic chassis from the pressure housing should never be attempted in the field Mount Sopris Instruments www mountsopris com 6 Maintenance 33 6 1 Tool Top Adapter The tool top adapter provides the connection between wireline cable head and chassis electronics and can be provided to suit 7 conductors 4 conductors mono or special wireline configurations The adapter is fixed by the means of a threaded ring screwed in the pressure housing To remove the tool top adapter use the correct C spanners prov
15. I firmware In accordance with the ALT policy of continuous development the QL40 ABI has been designed to allow firmware upgrades The current version of firmware installed in a tool may be verified in the Tool Details window opened from the Tool Settings dialogue box Firmware upgrade procedure is as follows 1 Checking the communication is valid 2 Upgrading firmware 6 4 1 Checking the communication 1 Connect the QL40 ABI tool to your acquisition system Start ALTLog Matrix software In the Tool panel select the appropriate tool and turn on the power In the Communication panel select Settings Check baud rate is set to 41666 and communication status is valid Figure 6 9 or Figure 6 10 RAB Advanced Logic Technology www alt lu 38 6 Maintenance Configur Tool Telemetry Uphole Link Downhole Link Baudrate 41667 41667 i Reset to default Discriminators 2 Pulse width Store as default 4 5 6 4 5 6 7 Status Vaid Analysis Info Vertical scale Horizontal scale multiply by Volt Div C Lin f Log Configuration Done one Baudrate 41666 9 at Advanced gt gt Figure 6 10 Tool communication settings Matrix Warning Telemetry must be tuned properly Bad communication may abort the upgrade of the firmware 6 4 2 Upgrading the firmware In the Tool panel select Tool settings commands Check that the communication status is valid Figure 6 11 Configur Abi Tool Parameters
16. User Guide QL40 ABI Acoustic Borehole Imager Advanced Logic Technology 11 01 10 Mount Sopris Instruments Co Inc 4975 E 41st Ave Denver CO 80216 USA Phone 1 303 279 3211 Fax 1 303 279 2730 Email tech support mountsopris com Web www mountsopris com Advanced Logic Technology sa Bat A Route de Niederpallen L 8506 Redange sur Attert Luxembourg Phone 352 23 649 289 Fax 352 23 649 364 Email support alt lu Web www alt lu Table of Contents 1 General Information SSSA EAS DE SR SE DE 1 1 1 OVEN VIEWleg aS SS 1 1 2 DIMENSIONS AEE A ES E SS AS SES SR 2 1 3 eter 3 2 Measurement Principle ss0sesesssssnenesenensesenenensenenenensenenenenenseneneneenenenenens 5 2 1 Renectiomcoerici eN RSs E Ea a 6 2 2 ACOUSTIC Sma ESA Ra SDSS SAR ss 6 3 Notes on QL tool assembly 9 3 1 GEA STACI ASS Cl BN E CD ees 9 4 Operating 66 eisa arinrin oa Da Soa a 13 4 1 Preinminary OSES SS RS EASA eos 13 4 2 UCE AE e seam A e eae toees cansee aba 14 4 3 Tool Communication With ALT Logger cecccesscccceseceeeseceeeseceeenceeeenceeseecensneeeees 15 4 4 Tool Communication With MATRIX SRLS 15 4 5 CONTSURING LOOP Aram lens 16 4 5 1 AZIMIUTRAL RESO ORE 16 452 Open Hole MONE SE TINE aa eect E ieee ae 17 4 5 3 Cased Hole Mode Setti
17. as been designed as illustrated below Figure 2 2 Figure 2 2 Focussing arrangement Mount Sopris Instruments www mountsopris com 2 Measurement Principle 7 Motor Mirror Acoustic window Transducer Figure 2 3 Abi40 acoustic head architecture The acoustic wave propagates along the axis of the tool body and is then reflected perpendicular to this axis by a special reflector that focuses the beam to a high energy point of 3 mm diameter The radial distance of the focal point from the axis of the tool is determined by the focal length of the mirror 75mm for an acoustic head with a 6 focusing mirror The frequency of the transmitted wave is determined amongst other factors such as ceramic composition by the diameter of the piezo transducer a smaller diameter giving a higher frequency The ALT televiewer operates around 1 2MHz The reflector is mounted on the drive shaft of a stepper motor This enables the position of measurement to be rotated through 360 Sampling rates of 72 144 and 288 measured points per revolution are available thus at maximum resolution a near continuous image of the borehole wall is made The higher sampling rate can be used for better resolution in larger diameter boreholes but is less useful in small diameters due to overlap of the sampling points Advanced Logic Technology www alt lu 3 Notes on QL tool assembly 9 3 Notes on QL tool assembly QL stands for Quick Link
18. city 1480 Casing velocity 5850 Thickness Echo Length us o 1 O Figure 4 13 Advanced settings Acoustic Window Thickness The length of the Thickness Echo Gate can be adjusted by dragging the triangular control in the preview or by turning the knob in this dialog box Options settings For diagnostic purposes the full waveform signal shown in the preview window can be recorded As this will affect the performance of the system we do not recommend turning the recording option on during normal logging operation Advanced Settings va Echo s detection Acoustic Window Caliper Thickness Options Options C Record acoustic full waveforms Warning this may cause very slow logging speed Figure 4 14 Advanced settings Options Advanced Logic Technology www alt lu 22 4 Operating Procedure 4 5 5 Tool Details By clicking on the Tool Details button in the Configure ABI Tool Parameters dialog box three tabs Figure 4 15 become available summarizing serial numbers acoustic details and firmware version of the tool If necessary newer tool firmware versions can be uploaded The upgrade procedure will be explained in a later chapter Tool Acoustic Head Deviation Device Tool details Model 2 10 Serial 101102 Upgrade 10 Firmware 1 19 Acoustic modes Open Hole C Cased Hole behind casing
19. ction The necessity for cleaning will depend on the borehole fluid and borehole conditions The bellows should only be cleaned when the sonde was used in heavily contaminated fluids i e heavy muds or sediments or when the fluid is known to be corrosive In this case it is important to clean deposits off the bellows where it is glued to the flanges at either end The bellows wall is thin and can become perforated if allowed to corrode Figure 6 7 Unscrewing the bellows cover Mount Sopris Instruments www mountsopris com 6 Maintenance 37 113 1 Figure 6 8 Bellows cover removed 6 3 Pressure Housing The main pressure housing is locked on to the televiewer head by four 2 5mm hex cap screws After removal of the tool top the pressure housing can be removed after undoing these screws When separating the two parts place the tool on suitable stands grip the pressure housing with one hand and the acoustic head close to the joint with the other and apply a straight pull During re assembly extreme care should be taken not to over tighten the fixing screws which may shear off if overloaded The outside of the pressure housing is marked with a Y symbol to indicate the position of the Y axis vertical and upward The purpose of this is to simplify tool checking When re assembling the pressure housing make sure that the reference mark is correctly aligned with the upper side of the deviation sensor 6 4 Upgrading QL40 AB
20. dicated by the LED being green In any other case LED red the telemetry should be adjusted we assume a pulse signal is displayed in the analysis view Click on the Advanced button to display additional controls to tune the telemetry Advanced Logic Technology www alt lu 16 4 Operating Procedure The Automatic settings option is the preferred mode and should allow the telemetry to be configured for a wide range of wirelines without operator input For wirelines with a more limited bandwidth the operator might need to turn off the automatic mode and adjust the telemetry settings manually For each wireline configuration the discriminators vertical yellow lines for the positive and negative pulses must be adjusted in order to obtain a valid communication status see Figure 4 6 for an example of a suitable discriminator position There is also the option to alter the baudrate in order to optimize the logging speed The input gain can be increased long wirelines or decreased short wirelines in order to set up the discriminator levels correctly Configur ALT Telemetry Analysis Info Vertical scale Horizontal scale Configuration Done Valid Baudrate 41666 Input Gain Uphole Telemetry Downhole Telemetry Negative Diser Positive Discr Pulse width 6 3 4 4 5 6 3 3 T 3 Automatic Automatic Automatic Figure 4 6 Matrix telemetry settings Once the telemetry is correctly set store
21. echnology www alt lu 14 4 Operating Procedure 4 2 Quick Start Note Parts of the topics discussed in these sections below assume that the user is familiar with the data acquisition software Refer to the corresponding operator manuals for more details Information about assembly and configuration of tool stacks can be found in the same manuals 1 Connect the QL40 ABI to your wireline and start the data acquisition software 2 Select the relevant QL40 ABI tool from the drop down list Ooo ela Figure 4 2 in the software s Tool panel if your tool is not RET OTTO gt listed check that your tool configurations file is stored in the designated folder on your computer or i i 3 In the Tool panel switch on the tool click On button and verify that the power indicator shows a valid green level The system goes through a short initialization sequence which sets the default parameters and communication settings held in the tool configuration file The configuration returned by the tool is also checked during this procedure Setup tool communication as explained in chapter 4 5 if error message is displayed Figure 4 2 Tool panel 4 On the Tool panel Figure 4 2 click the Settings Commands button to configure your tool for open hole cased hole logging see chapter 4 3 and 4 4 for details EE 5 Inthe Acquisition panel Figure 4 3 select the sampling 7 mode depth or time Click on S
22. ess Image Browser Window AbiThicknessimg In Cased Hole Mode the ABI Thickness browser displays on the left column an unwrapped color coded image of the casing thickness processed by the system Figure 4 19 The right column is a color coded image of the score The score is a quality index on the thickness measurement In a general way high score values mean high reliability of the thickness measurement and the reverse DI NAOS AbiThicknessImg File Settings View Help Thickness RA 10722222222 2 mm 14 time 0 Figure 4 19 QL40 ABI Thickness Image As for the Surface image browser scales and units of the displayed parameters can be adjusted by double clicking on the log title or from the Settings option of the menu bar 4 6 5 Caliper Browser Window AbiCaliper Caliper browser Open Hole Mode The open hole caliper view Figure 4 20 shows in real time a cross section of the acoustic caliper Scaling concentric gridding and displayed units are adjustable from the tool bar Settings option Mount Sopris Instruments www mountsopris com 4 Operating Procedure 27 The black circle shows the external limit of the acoustic window The red circle is the cross section of the acoustic caliper corresponding to the main reflector detected by the system borehole wall or inner surface of a casing As for the image browsers the caliper view can be oriented to Magnetic North High side or displayed without orientation Dur
23. ettings and specify the 2 gt 23 8 corresponding sampling rate Switch on the sampling click EN lt the ON button 6 Press the Record button in the Acquisition panel Figure 4 3 specify a file name and start the logging Figure 4 3 Acquisition panel 7 During logging observe the controls in the Telemetry E panel z Status Valid e Status must be valid green light a e Bandwidth usage in green range Memory buffer e Memory buffer should be 0 Data sec Data Errors e Number of Data increases and number of Errors negligible Figure 4 4 Telemetry panel e Verify motor status synchronization in MChNum browser is valid 8 Toend the logging procedure press the Stop button in the Acquisition panel and turn off the sampling click OFF button 9 Inthe Tool panel power off the tool Mount Sopris Instruments www mountsopris com 4 Operating Procedure 15 4 3 Tool Communication with ALT Logger The telemetry provided through the ALTLogger is self tuning In case communication status is not valid the user can manually adjust the settings In the Telemetry panel of the dashboard click on Settings to display the Configure Tool Telemetry dialog box Figure 4 5 A procedure to achieve valid communication is given below e Change the Baudrate to 41666 kbps e Verify that the Downhole Pulse width knob is set on 20 default value This value is the preferred one and is suitable for a wide range of wire
24. f a succession of variable density colors By double clicking on the log titles Minimum and Maximum scale values may be adjusted to enhance areas of interest Mount Sopris Instruments www mountsopris com 4 Operating Procedure 25 NAOS AbiSurfacelmg TAR Fie Settings View Help Caliper Ry Amplitude 70 usec 140 time 1000 4000 ra a8 6 12 1385 7 NAOS Figure 4 17 QL40 ABI Surface Image browser window Note that the displayed units for the caliper log can be converted to either metric or imperial units via the menu 03 5 Settings option or by double clicking on the log title Image orientation K Image is non oriented 0 Orient image to magnetic North gt Orient image to High Side of the tool There are two modes of tool data orientation orientation to High Side and orientation to North Orientation to High Side is used in inclined boreholes when magnetic data is unavailable for example in a cased hole W 7 l l 1 a 2 Azimuth N e 1 N P n N ee 1 0 N N 4l N i Tilt Figure 4 18 Orientation to Magnetic North Advanced Logic Technology www alt lu 26 4 Operating Procedure Vertical scales and grids 10 Depth mode display and pre defined depth scales 20 40 50 3 Operator defined depth scales interval spacings and settings Dl Time mode display m Vertical grid settings E Horizontal grid settings 4 6 4 Thickn
25. f mirror rotation 5 2 Functionality test of the deviation system 5 2 1 Functionality test The QL40 ABI s deviation system is factory calibrated and does not require further calibration The functionality tests subsequently described have to be done to check that the tool is giving the correct deviation outputs To verify inclination at 0 and 90 position the probe vertical acoustic head pointing down for O inclination and horizontal for 90 inclination Note that uphole measurement is possible with the APS544 deviation system as it includes 3 accelerometers In uphole the inclination will be between 90 and 180 probe vertical acoustic head pointing up To verify azimuth accuracy a good compass and an area free of magnetic materials must be used Use a compass to orient North with the probe horizontal and verify that the azimuth reading is 0 1 Repeat the procedure for East South and West directions 5 2 2 Rolling test azimuth and tilt check Azimuth and tilt could be tested by rotating the tool about its long axis while maintaining both a constant inclination to the vertical say 15 and a fixed azimuth The data imported into WellCAD should show a deviation of the azimuth less than the limit of 2 5 and a deviation of the tilt less than the limit 0 5 gt Wet your fingers first for a better coupling Adjust the amplitude scale to enhance the finger traces Mount Sopris Instruments www mountsopris com
26. ference position of the mirror 4 5 3 Cased Hole Mode Settings This acquisition mode is used to perform casing thickness measurements and corrosion evaluation in steel casings Configur Abi Tool Parameters Mode Refresh efresh Casing Custom v mixed v External diameter Thickness amp zimuthal resolution Tool Details 8 3 0 12 14 H 1 Reset to default Store as default Open Hole Nominal casing tubing specifications Displayed units Pt turn Preview Wave azimuth Figure 4 9 Tool settings dialog box Cased Hole Mode The operator will need to select from the dropdown casing list the nominal specifications of the casing under investigation Figure 4 9 Casing external diameter and weight can be displayed in metric or imperial units A mix of units is possible The position of the External diameter and Thickness knobs will be adjusted automatically according to the casing selected from the drop down list When selecting Custom from the casing list the operator has the option to enter external diameter and thickness settings manually The two Range values displayed next to the thickness knob are the measurement limits within which the system will compute the casing thickness In addition to the Echo and Acoustic Window Gates a third gate the Thickness Echo Gate green dashed line is available for which only the end limit is user adjustable Reduction of the gate length may be necessary if the r
27. figuration see chapter 4 3 or 4 4 Check bandwidth usage and telemetry error status Advanced Logic Technology www alt lu Observation Tool not listed in Tool panel drop down list Tool configuration error message when powering on the tool Tool panel No current Tool panel Too much current red area Telemetry panel status shows red Telemetry panel memory buffer shows 100 Telemetry panel bandwidth usage shows 100 Overrun error message Telemetry panel large number of errors 42 7 Troubleshooting Permanent No Sync message Immediately switch off the tool and red led status in Stepper motor and mirror synchronization issue Contact MChNum browser ALT for Acoustic Head service Motor stalled and increase of current drawn by the tool Mount Sopris Instruments www mountsopris com 8 Appendix 43 8 Appendix 8 1 Parts list 8 1 1 Tool delivery kit QL40 ABl Item No Qty Part No Description 1 2 211 004 C spanner 40 42 QL43 2 2 211 005 C spanner 58 62 centralizer 3 1 ALT11235 ABI40 Marker position jig 4 1 ALT11232 ABI40 tool support 5 1 ALT11234 Maker jig pin 6 2 Din934 M3 Nut M3 7 1 210 002 Silicon grease 8 1 211 001 Allen key set 9 1 2090001001 QL40 ABI spares kit 8 1 2 Spare kit QL40 ABI ref 2090001001 Item No Qty Part No Description 25340642 O Ring Viton shore 75 26 57x3 53 ref 10023313 25340668 O Ring Viton shore 75 31
28. he amplitude travel time of the signals reflected at the interface between borehole fluid and the formation borehole wall Compared to the older FAC40 model which measures a single echo one amplitude and one travel time the QL40 ABI has multi echo capability This is achieved by digitally recording the reflected acoustic wave train On line analysis of the acoustic data is made by the DSP Sophisticated algorithms allow the system to detect the reflection from the acoustic window and to separate and classify all subsequent echoes Minimum input from the operator is needed to enable e Automatic or manual adaptation to variable borehole conditions e Improved dynamic range of signal detection e Very high travel time resolution e The implementation of different operating modes For example when run inside PVC casing the tool can record both the echo of the PVC casing and that of the borehole wall With multi echoes processing application of the tool may be extended to steel casing thickness and corrosion evaluation Tool upgrades and the implementation of customized operating modes can be done by simply downloading new firmware to the tool from the surface computer Advanced Logic Technology www alt lu Mount Sopris Instruments www mountsopris com Figure 1 1 QL40 ABl dimensions Acoustical sensor reference 1617 10 1365 0 QL40 ABl 1678 15 1617 10 QL40 ABI amp QL40 GO
29. he vertical axis of the hole when the jig is placed on edge This jig also needs a locking screw to clamp the jig to the tool body Slide this jig over the bellows cover of the Advanced Logic Technology 30 5 Performance Check amp Calibration acoustic head until the pin is positioned above the plastic window The second jig is used to support the other end of the tool With the tool on a flat exactly horizontal surface held in the two support jigs and the logging software with the Mchnum browser running rotate the tool until the Roll display shows 90 Figure 5 4 E mchnum x Status Motor OK Data Status Azimuth Tilt Roll MRoll Magn Field Gravity Win Time 11 45 5 0 Figure 5 4 Mchnum browser Roll 90 The jig holding the pin must then be locked in position with the screw without damaging the head Remove or lock the second support jig and suspend the tool vertically in a bucket of water Figure 5 5 Figure 5 5 Tool vertically 0 Adjust the window settings so that the pin is visible normally default values will do but be careful that your image is not a window reflection HYDRAE Abi40Img Oj x File Settings View Help iso a lo e 42 Right Edge 201 401 50 x e 5 vv Ready 0 00 305 fo HYDRAE Figure 5 6 Travel time and amplitude images Mount Sopris Instruments www mounts
30. ical head Re assembly is the same procedure in reverse order but taking care not to force the head on to the connector This will result in bent or broken connector pins Check all O ring seals Orings AS215 26 57x3 53 viton shore 75 and apply silicon grease to them The acoustic head needs to be properly maintained to give the best image results Note the following points e Check that there are no air bubbles visible in the acoustic window Air can separate out of the oil filling the head notably after airfreight at low pressure and can also work its way out of the inner parts of the motor The presence of air in the head is indicated by a spotty image or streaking These effects may come and go as the orientation of the tool is changed e Check that there is not excessive lateral movement on the end of the head The bellows cap must be screwed up against the acoustic window but not excessively tight e lf the acoustic signal is lost check for isolation between pins A amp B in the acoustic head The most common reason for loss of signal is the cutting of the signal coax to the transducer in the head This happens when the window is rotated relative to the head body Check with a gentle twisting motion that the window does not rotate more than a degree or two relative to the tool body Advanced Logic Technology www alt lu 36 6 Maintenance e At very low temperatures the oil in the acoustic head becomes viscous and this may
31. ided with the tool see picture below Figure 6 2 Figure 6 2 Removing the tool top The wireline cable head socket and tool top adapter connector pins should be checked for cleanliness before each use of the tool The pin inserts whether 4 or 7 pin have a locating mark indicating WL1 or A that should line up with the slot mating with the cable head Check O Ring seals and apply silicon grease before re assembly Silicon grease of a similar type to RS Components Ref 494 124 is suitable for this and other O Ring seals Rem O Ring reference for tool top and for the quick link 40 is AS215 26 57 x 3 53 Viton Shore 75 Figure 6 3 QL40 GO4 Tool top adaptor Advanced Logic Technology www alt lu 34 6 Maintenance Figure 6 4 QL40 GO7 tool top adaptor Figure 6 5 QL40 GO171 tool top adaptor Mount Sopris Instruments www mountsopris com 6 Maintenance 35 6 2 Acoustic head Warning The televiewer acoustic head is extremely delicate and must be treated gently at The acoustic head is attached to the electronic chassis of the sonde by three 2 5mm hex set screws 0 remove the entire televiewer head the tool top and pressure housing must first be removed as described below Slacken off the fixing screws and slide the televiewer head off the connector The connector has a keyway to locate the head with the correct orientation Plastic window Bellow and its protection cap semitransparent Figure 6 6 Acoust
32. inciple 2 1 Reflection coefficient The strength of the reflected signal depends principally on the impedance contrast between the borehole fluid and the formation Figure 2 1 The reflection coefficient ris given by the following equation r PbVb PmVm PbVet PmVm where pp density of formation Om density of borehole fluid Vp velocity of sound of formation Vm velocity of sound of borehole fluid The larger the reflection coefficient is the greater is the signal reflection and thus the ability to detect the signal From the equation above it may be seen that when the properties of the borehole fluid and borehole wall are similar i e 00 2 PmVm the reflection coefficient r approaches zero and there is negligible reflection In this situation determination of the true reflected wave is made more difficult 2 2 Acoustic head operation The acoustic wave is generated by applying a high voltage pulse across the two faces of a piezo ceramic disc The applied voltage causes deformation within the crystal structure either an expansion or contraction depending on the polarity of the applied voltage with a resultant energy wave emitted normal to the free surface It has been shown that the beam generated by this process has a maximum energy at a distance of twice the diameter of the disc and that after this point the beam tends to diverge In order to optimize the beam energy at the point of investigation the ALT televiewer head h
33. ing the acquisition it is possible to centralize the caliper cross section to remove the effect of decentralization of the tool in the borehole Clicking the symbol can do this Statistical caliper figures Min Max Average are displayed on the left side of the dialog box f Figure 4 20 QL40 ABI Caliper Open Hole Mode Caliper browser Cased Hole Mode Cross sections of both of the inner red circle and outer orange circle surface of the casing are shown in this browser Figure 4 21 giving a good visualization of the casing thickness in real time The space between the 2 circles is filled with the corresponding color coded score values Orientation scaling concentric gridding and displayed units are adjustable from the menu bar s Settings option HADS AbbCaliper Pie Serings view drep AL 147 TA Hee Figure 4 21 QL40 ABI Caliper Cased Hole Mode Advanced Logic Technology www alt lu 28 5 Performance Check amp Calibration 5 Performance Check amp Calibration 5 1 Mirror rotation Direction of motor rotation is clockwise viewed from top of tool Figure 5 1 Placing 2 fingers on the acoustic window may check mirror rotation In time mode record the 2 finger traces shown on the Abi surface browser Remove your right finger from the acoustic window the corresponding right finger trace on the Abi surface image should disappear Figure 5 1 Direction o
34. inging signal from the casing is superimposed by noise e g multiples of the inner reflection towards the end of the gate period Mount Sopris Instruments www mountsopris com 4 Operating Procedure 19 4 5 4 Advanced Settings By clicking on Advanced in the Tool Parameters dialog box Figure 4 7or Figure 4 9 the operator has access to additional settings listed below Caliper settings Figure 4 10 The parameters shown in this dialog box are used to compute caliper values from recorded traveltime Tool diameter mm Default tool acoustic window diameter read only Blanking zone us Default blanked zone set before starting the detection of the acoustic window reflection read only Nominal window time us Default blanked zone set after the detection of the max amplitude and travel time of the acoustic window reflection The system will look for the next useful echo i e borehole wall casing inner surface after this nominal window read only Fluid velocity m s Fluid velocity constant used to convert the acoustic travel time from usec to metric or imperial units This value can be edited Advanced Settings Echo s detection Acoustic Window Caliper Thickness Options Parameters Tool diameter Blanking time Nominal window time Fluid velocity Figure 4 10 Advanced settings Caliper Echo Gate settings Figure 4 11 Select from the Start Mode and Length Mode drop down lists to choose whe
35. is recommended that before each assembly the integrity of the O rings AS216 Viton shore 75 is verified Prime the O rings with the silicon grease that was supplied with the subs C spanner Figure 3 1 C spanner and O rings of QL connection Advanced Logic Technology www alt lu 10 3 Notes on QL tool assembly The following example of a QL40 ABI QL40 GR and QL40 GO4 Figure 3 2 describes how to replace the QL40 ABI with a QL40 Plug in order to run the QL40 GR sub stand alone 0140 604 M tool top QL40 GR 0 140 5 Figure 3 2 Tool stack example To remove the QL40 ABI bottom sub attach the C spanner to the thread ring as shown in Figure 3 3 unscrew the thread ring and remove the QL40 ABI bottom sub Thread ring Figure 3 3 Unscrewing the thread ring and removing the bottom sub Mount Sopris Instruments www mountsopris com 3 Notes on QL tool assembly 11 After checking the O ring integrity slip the QL40 Plug over the exposed QL connector Figure 3 4 attach the C spanner and screw the thread ring until the plug fits tight Bottom plug Figure 3 4 Attaching the QL40 Plug The QL40 GR can now be run stand alone Figure 3 5 Figure 3 5 QL40 GR mid sub with tool top and bottom plug Advanced Logic Technology www alt lu 12 3 Notes on QL tool assembly Mount Sopris Instruments www mountsopris com 4 Operating Procedure 13 4 Operating Procedure 4
36. isplayed Firmware Upgrade Fa Tool firmware is currently beeing upgraded PLEASE ALLOW PROCEDURE TO GO TO FULL COMPLETION WITHOUT INTERRUPTION This may take a few minutes Figure 6 15 Firmware upgrade progress window Advanced Logic Technology www alt lu 40 6 Maintenance 5 Once the upgrade has been successfully completed Figure 6 16 click on OK to turn off the tool Matrix logging system i The tool firmware upgrade has been completed successfully The tool power will now be switched off OK Figure 6 16 Successful upgrade 6 Power on the tool to start the upgraded firmware Check in Tool settings commands and Tool details that the firmware version has been changed with the new one Note that this error message Figure 6 17 will appear at end of the procedure when the tool firmware upgrade has failed or has been aborted Check tool communication settings Matrix logging system No changes to the tool has been performed x The tool firmware upgrade has failed or has been aborted with status 4 Telemetry errors while uploading the new firmware to tool OK Figure 6 17 Error message Mount Sopris Instruments www mountsopris com 41 7 Troubleshooting 7 Troubleshooting To Do Do you have a configuration file Has the configuration file been copied into the Tools folder refer to MATRIX or ALTLog manual about details of the directory structure Check all
37. lines For long wireline over 2000m increasing the pulse width could help to stabilize the communication The reverse for short wireline less than 500m e Set the Uphole discriminators in the middle of the range for which the communication status stays valid e Increase the Baudrate check the communication status stays valid and the Bandwidth usage in Telemetry panel of the dashboard is below the critical level e When Uphole discriminators are properly set store the new configuration as default The tool should go through the initialisation sequence the next time it is turned on Configur Tool Telemetry x Uphole Link Downhole Link Baudrate 20000 Reset to default Discriminators 2 Pulse width 3 store as default a oo 5 4 9 Figure 4 5 Tool communication settings 4 4 Tool Communication with MATRIX The tool telemetry can be configured through the Telemetry panel of the Matrix dashboard By clicking on Settings the operator has access to the Configure ALT Telemetry dialog box Figure 4 6 providing various controls to adjust the telemetry settings and monitor its current status The Analysis View displays the current discriminator levels vertical yellow lines and a histogram of the up hole data signal The scales of the Analysis View can be adjusted using the Vertical Scale and Horizontal Scale knobs and the linear logarithmic scale buttons The status of the configuration should be flagged as Valid in
38. ngs aica 18 4 5 4 Advanced Setting ea O 19 4 5 5 TOOL orr er a N N 22 4 6 Recorded Parameters and BrowSesls ccccssssssccccsscesseecccsseseecccsseeseececessauseeseeseas 23 461 6 09 216 16 5 Ais ee i ee 23 46 2 MC Num Browser WINGOW eae a 24 4 6 3 Surface Image Browser Window AbiSurfacelmg 24 4 6 4 Thickness Image Browser Window AbiThicknessIMgE 00 24 4 6 5 Caliper Browser Window AbiCaliper sss 24 5 Performance Check KS Calibration SSO a 24 5 1 9 AS ear era inner ee 24 5 2 Functionality test of the deviation SYStEM cccccccsssccccessececeesececeeseeessesecetseeecees 24 SA Functionality LOSE sctcs Sado ssce nce eS CERES 24 5 2 2 Rolling test azimuth and tilt 6 6162222 22 ceseccessceeeseceeeeeeeeeceeeeeceseuecenenes 24 5 3 Marker POSITION SOR SORESA ESLE ASS 24 6 2 6 6 LODO A 6 1 TOOl TOO AC OU Cl OSE E tens 24 6 2 PCOUSTIC MCAG maa O a 24 6 2 1 Cleaning the acoustic head bottom SECTION ccecccesscceeseceeceeeeecenseeeeseeeeseees 24 6 3 PRESSU RCIA OUS IO ccs veaste sue A metus 24 6 4 Uegrading OLA ABI firmware n e e 24 6 4 1 CHECKING ThE COMMUNICATION Sessa eine ate devine 24 642 1 8
39. of acoustic window reflection VT CPU Sensor reading for CPU board temp volt T CPU Temperature recorded on CPU board C T APS Temperature inside the deviation sensor C MotSpeed Motor Speed of rotation rps Motor Status Diagnostic code Time for a single revolution sec Advanced Logic Technology www alt lu Motor Period 24 4 Operating Procedure 4 6 2 MChNum Browser Window Figure 4 16 shows a typical example of the numerical values displayed in the MChNum browser window during logging Status Motor OK Data Status Azimuth Tilt Roll Magn Field Gravity Wir Time Figure 4 16 Multi Channel Browser for Numerical Data MChNum Motor Motor synchronisation status Status Tool record status Azimuth Azimuth from Magnetic North deg Tilt Inclination from verticality deg Roll Tool relative bearing calculated from accelerometers deg Mroll Tool relative bearing calculated from magnetometers deg Magn Field Magnetic field surrounding the borehole uT Gravity Absolute value of the earth gravity G Win Time Travel time of the acoustical window us 4 6 3 Surface Image Browser Window AbiSurfacelmg The system returns an unwrapped image of the borehole wall based on the caliper and amplitude of the recorded acoustic signal Figure 4 17 The left column shows the caliper image and the right column the amplitude image These images consist o
40. opris com 5 Performance Check amp Calibration 31 Record a file in time mode Leave the tool suspended for a later verification Import the data file into WellCAD selecting no orientation when prompted in the Import options dialog box Use the Tabular Editor and look for the angular position of the edge of the pin s reflection alternatively select the log title and move your cursor over the data observing the amplitude and azimuth values displayed in the lower left edge of the WellCAD window Be sure that it is the right side of the pin in relation to mirror rotation Both the Travel Time and the Amplitude images can be used to determine the correct angle Use the new value and update the MarkerPos parameter in the sub file of the acoustic head Having completed the calibration verify the new settings by orienting the tool using a compass such that the marker jig pin is approximately aligned to North With orientation to North selected in the ABI40Img browser i e North at the left of the plot you should find that the edge of the pin is now close to the extreme left hand edge of the plot with the bulk of the pin showing on the extreme right If so you have correctly set the value If the pin is in the middle of the plot you are 180 out Advanced Logic Technology www alt lu 32 6 Maintenance 6 Maintenance Warning Removing the electronic chassis from pressure housing without prior consultation with
41. s Instruments www mountsopris com 2 Measurement Principle 5 2 Measurement Principle An understanding of the basic principles of operation of the televiewer is essential for successful use of the tool The QL40 ABI televiewer produces images of the borehole wall which are based on the amplitude and time of travel of an ultrasonic beam reflected from the formation wall The ultrasonic energy wave is generated by a specially designed piezoelectric ceramic crystal and has a frequency of around 1 2MHz On triggering an acoustic energy wave is emitted by the transducer and travels through the acoustic head and borehole fluid until it reaches the interface between the borehole fluid and the borehole wall Here a part of the beam energy is reflected back to the sensor the remainder continuing on into the formation medium at a changed velocity Figure 2 1 By careful time sequencing the piezoelectric transducer acts as both transmitter of the ultrasonic pulse and receiver of the reflected wave The travel time for the energy wave is the period between transmission of the source energy pulse and the return of the reflected wave measured at the point of maximum wave amplitude The magnitude of the wave energy is measured in dB a unit less ratio of the detected echo wave amplitude divided by the amplitude of the transmitted wave v1 Medium 1 Figure 2 1 Wave propagation Advanced Logic Technology www alt lu 6 2 Measurement Pr
42. sonic full waveform can be determined Adjust the max caliper settings to allow detection and recording of the main echo in all cases The caliper limit and full waveform scale can be expressed in usec mm or inches a B a FLUIC 20 40 60 80 100 120 c A In TARGET PLU Figure 4 8 a c Acoustic full waveform preview The waveform preview allows the user to adjust the limits of two gates the Acoustic Window gate and the Echo Gate The Acoustic Window is represented by a red dashed line while the Echo Gate is shown as gray dashed line Figure 4 8 a c The tool firmware will record the strongest amplitude in the signal train within the Echo Gate and records Advanced Logic Technology www alt lu 18 4 Operating Procedure amplitude and taveltime The Acoustic Gate allows determination of the tool s acoustic window reflection time Echo limits can be determined automatically or adjusted interactively in the preview Square and triangle symbols indicate whether the limits of the gates are automatically set Square or no symbol or if the user can adjust the limit with the mouse cursor triangle To toggle from automatic to manual mode click the Advanced button see section 4 5 4 Advanced Settings The Wave Azimuth knob in the full waveform preview box Figure 4 7 gives the possibility to display the ultrasonic wave train in a preferential direction other than the re
43. ther the Echo Gate limits Figure 4 8 a c are controlled by the user or set automatically If Manual has been selected triangular handles are displayed in the preview window which can be dragged with the mouse It is also possible to edit the gate limits by turning the controls in this dialog box Advanced Settings Echo s detection Acoustic Window Caliper Thickness Options Start Length Mode v Mode Automatic Manual Manual Time us 1 Time us Figure 4 11 Advanced settings Echo Gate Advanced Logic Technology www alt lu 20 4 Operating Procedure Three modes are supported to set the Start time of the Echo Gate e Automatic The system will automatically detect and record the highest amplitude occurring after the Acoustic Window Gate and the upper limit of the Echo Gate Figure 4 8 b Automatic is the recommended setting e Automatic Multiple The system will automatically adjust the start time of the Echo Gate so that the first multiple of the Acoustic Window reflection is skipped This setting is useful for large diameter boreholes when the amplitude of the first multiple of the Acoustic Window reflection is higher and arrives earlier than the echo from the borehole wall e Manual Manual adjustment of the Echo Gate start time is useful to exclude noise with amplitudes higher than the formation signal e g exclude the reflection from the inside of a PVC casing Manual adjustment of the
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