Delta Meter User's Manual
Contents
1. ODINsingle User s Manual Rev A ABB AB Cewe Control P O Box 1005 SE 611 29 NYKOPING Sweden Tel 46 155 295000 Fax 46 155 288110 FAIPID Page 1 of 38 ODINsingle Meter User s Manual Rev TABLE OF CONTENTS 1 GENERAL cxx EXER PODU EXE mx CER ER E DOE 2 PRODUCT DESCRIPTION 21 FAMILY OVERVIEW wrssscssscscssivecsescsensivsstersssscseacvecstescsoassvns 2 2 METER PART S eese eee ee ro e turn ea e sen esee ter eere reo ea edv eh eene 2 3 METER TYPES eere etes hoo oet eaa eee ee e eere n eap 23 1 NETWORK 2 3 2 TYPE DESIGNATION 2 4 ENERGY INDICATOR eese cerne eee eene eno se tno netus e etnnue 2 5 BUTTON option eere nce eeo onere ie enero averne ve 2 6 DISPLAY 2 6 1 DISPLAY OVERVIEW cessere en 2 6 2 7 SEGMENT CHARACTERS eee 2 6 3 LOAD INDICATOR esee 2 6 4 COMMUNICATION STATUS eee 2 6 5 FORBIDDEN 2 7 DISPLAY 2 7 1 LCD TEST AT POWER UP eee 2 7 2 NORMAL 2 7 3 ALTERNATIVE MODE when applicable 2 7 4 RESET OF ENERGY 2 8 PULSE OUTPUT OPTION ee eeee ee eene eee en netu ette2. esee 6 1 3 1 Telegram formats 6 1 3 1 1 Field 5 6 1 3 2 Communication 6 1 3 2 1 Selection and Secondary Addressing 6 1 4 TELEGRAMS etm EHE 6 1 4 1 Minimum time between 6 1 42 Read out telegram 6 1 4 3 Sending data to the 6 1 431 Reset of energy eene 6 1 4 3 2 Set primary address 6 1 4 3 3 Clear ertor flags tenti 6 1 4 3 4 Disable error flags sse 6 1 4 3 5 Reset power 6 1 4 3 6 Enable disable local 6 1 5 Error Information 6 1 5 1 Communication settings T JAAGCGCESSORIES uiis bati 8 SERVICE AND MAINTENANCE 81 RECALIBRATION isis cscsnssscsesssesssspiveansnnasasanepansposcensssntepsstans 8 2 2CMC482013D0001 TABLE OF CONTENTS Page 3 of 38 ODINsingle meter User s Manual Rev GENERAL 1 GENERAL This manual contains information about the ODINsingle which is a family of electronic electricity meters manufactured by ABB AB The purpose of this manual is to give the user a good overview and understanding of the many functions and features the ODINsingle offers It also de
3. Application busy Any application error application internal Power low Permanent error Temporary error Installation error specific to manufacturer Not used specific to manufacturer Not used specific to manufacturer Eee Signature 0000 encryption bnc 1110 12 digit BCD Instantaneous value LSB of storage number No DIFE follows 1000 0100 1 06100 4 104 4 3 10 0 01k Unit is Wh VIFE will follow VIFE status XXXX eet Status code No VIFE follows 23 28 IM ud Active energy Total T with two decimals and LSB first XXXX 29 DIF size 12 digit BCD 1000 1110 12 digit BCD Instantaneous value LSB of storage number DIFE will follow 30 1 10 Tariff 1 0001 0000 Storage number continued Tariff 1 Same device no sub unit No DIFE follows VIF for units kWh with resolution 0 01kWh 2dec 1000 0100 06100 4 10 4 3 10 0 01k Unit is Wh VIFE will follow FI status Leid Status code No VIFE follows Telegram continues on next page s Notice that the telegram structure may differ in different protocol versions Any remote reading system should decode the telegram according to M Bus standard not according to the specific telegram stated here FAIPIP 2CMC482013D0001 Page 29 of 38 ODINsingle meter User s Manual Rev COMMUNICATION Telegram continued all
4. No primary address A field data send LSB first 0101 0001 Data send Mode 0 Mode 1 LSB first DIF size 8 bit integer 0000 0001 8 bit integer Instantaneous value LSB of storage number No DIFE follows VIF for bus address 0111 1010 Bus address No VIFE follows 1 x New primary address New primary address LSB first 1 10 NAT CS checksum calculated from C field to last Checksum on bytes between byte no 5 and byte no 10 data H2 di Stop charact er 6 1 4 3 3 Clear error flags The error flags that are possible to clear are cleared by sending the following command all values are hexadecimal Byte Size in Value Description Explanation No bytes 1 68 Startcharacter j awayssame H Stremaacer always same 53 73 C field SND UD 01x1 0011 Function 3 Send user data FCV 1 FCB is valid FCB Alternate for successive transfers Direction 1 to meter S p A field address Pa address 1 250 0 No primary address 51 Cl field data send LSB first 0101 0001 Data send Mode 0 Mode 1 LSB first 1 07 DIF size 64 bit integer 0000 0111 64 bit integer Instantaneous value LSB of storage number No DIFE follows FD97 Error codes 1111 1011 1001 0111 Error flags binary VIFE will follow Ma 0000 0111 pm em Clear data No VIFE f
5. 2 9 ELECTRONICS wissssseccessscessscsseccssesccsesssssescssensecsesessesseveaseoseen 2 10 5 VOLTAGE o 3 20 3 3 GENERAL DATA 3 4 STANDARDS occ 3 5 TEMPERATURE RANGE eren eere entente nennen 3 6 ENCLOSURE MATERIAL e eeeeee eee eee een nnne 3 7 ENVIRONMENTAL 5 eee eene 3 8 CONNECTION AREA MAIN 5 3 9 PULSE OUTPUT option eeeeee eere eene FAIPID 2CMC482013D0001 TABLE OF CONTENTS Page 2 of 38 ODINsingle Meter User s Manual Rev 3 10 LED 3 11 DISPLAY OF ENERGY eese esee 3 12 DIMENSIONS AND WEIGHT e eceeeee eene 3 13 ELECTROMAGNETIC COMPABILITY 4 INSTALLATION inscrip xi a xc exo xix Ex ade 4 1 MOUNTING e eeeeeeene ee enn nne 4 1 1 DIN RAIL MOUNTED eee 42 WIRING DIAGRAMS 4 2 1 VOLTAGE AND CURRENT eee 4 2 2 PULSE OUTPUT 5 MEASUREMENT 61 M BUS cr M 6 1 1 COMMUNICATION 6 1 2 PHYSICAL INTERFACE sees 6 1 2 1 Optical interface 6 1 3 PROTOCOL DESCRIPTION
6. This procedure is used to send user data to the meter The meter either confirms a correct reception with the single character acknowledge E5h or omits the confirmation if it did not receive the telegram correctly Request Respond Procedure REQ UD2 RSP UD The master requests data from the meter using the REQ 002 telegram The meter will either transfer its data with RSP UD or gives no response indicating that the request has not been received correctly or that the address does not match The meter indicates to the master that there is more data in the next telegram by sending 1Fh as the last user data 2CMC482013D0001 Page 27 of 38 ODINsingle meter User s Manual Rev COMMUNICATION 6 1 3 2 1 Selection and Secondary Addressing It is possible to communicate with the meter using secondary addressing The secondary addressing takes place with help of a selection 0 e d d o Structure of a telegram for selecting a meter The master sends a SND UD with the control information 52h to the address 253 FDh and fills the specific meter secondary address identification number manufacturer version and medium with the values of the meter that is to be addressed The address FDh and the control information 52h is the indication for the meter to compare the following secondary address with its own and to change into the selected state should it match In this case the meter answers the selection with an acknowledgement E5h otherwi
7. 1001 Manufacturer specific VIFE extension VIFE follows 0000 1000 Pr Button reset right decided by ABB VIFE follows a Button reset enable disable Button reset disabled enabled e CS checksum calculated from C field to last Checksum on bytes between byte no 5 and byte no 11 data NA ms s AMEN FAIPIP 2CMC482013D0001 Page 35 of 38 ODINsingle meter User s Manual Rev COMMUNICATION 6 1 5 ERROR INFORMATION FLAGS Below in the table are all bits sent out in the M bus Error Information flags specified Bits not used by the ODINsingle meter are always set to 0 a O 100 1_ 101 Checksum error tariff 2 active energy not used Checksum error tariff 3 active energy not used Checksum error tariff 4 active energy not used Checksum error monthly values active energy not used 6 106 7 Checksum Checksum error tariff 4 reactive energy not used Checksum error monthly values reactive energy not used not used not used notused Installation U1 missing not used U2 missing not used U3 missing not used Phase connected to neutral not used Installation Negative power element 1 not used Negative power element 2 not used Negative power element 3 not used External data input signal out of specification not used not used not used not used FAIPIP 2CMC482013D0001 Page 36 of 38 ODINsingle
8. 2 6 1 DISPLAY OVERVIEW Indicates Load indicator communication The arrows rotate activity receive and forward at a constant transmit Indicates thatthe speed when the Indicates that requested operation current is above the Alternative mode is is forbidden start current level G l o ES ES E 03 01 03 Fig 2 5 ODINsingle meter LCD active 2 6 2 7 SEGMENT CHARACTERS All energy values are displayed by using the 6 characters unit segments The figure below shows examples where the energy 21583 kWh is displayed Fig 2 6 Display of active energy Fig 2 7 Load indicator 2 6 3 LOAD INDICATOR There are three arrows which will rotate as soon as the current is above the start current level The rotating speed is constant and independent of the measured energy If the metering is below the start current level all the arrows are constantly on and not rotating If the energy is positive the arrows are rotating in the forward direction and if the energy is negative the arrows are rotating backwards FAIPIP 2CMC482013D0001 Page 10 of 38 ODINsingle meter User s Manual Rev PRODUCT DESCRIPTION 2 6 8 COMMUNICATION STATUS gt Fig 2 8 Communication status The M bus communication status is indicated by the communication segments on the LCD which consists of two arrows going into and out of th
9. Maximum current 65 Direct connected 65 Fig 2 4 Energy indicator 2 4 ENERGY INDICATOR The red LED Light Emitting Diode on the front is an indicator that flashes in proportion to the energy Every pulse means that a certain amount of energy has been registered that is it has a certain energy pulse frequency This frequency is marked on the front of the meter 2 5 BUTTON OPTION The ODINsingle with reset functionality option has one user button that can be sealed by mounting the ODINsingle in a modular enclosure The button can be used to reset the energy and to change display mode see chapter 2 7 Note There is always a time out time 10 seconds If the button is not pressed during this time the ODINsingle meter steps back to Normal mode the different modes are described in chapter 2 7 2 6 DISPLAY INFORMATION From the display it is possible to view information about the energy consumption error status etc The display has 6 characters of 7 segment type with a height of 6 mm and a number of other specific segments to display different status information The illustration below shows all segments forming characters and symbols that can appear on the display in different display modes Note In every mode the energy continues to be measured the energy registers are updated and the meter generates pulses PADDED 2CMC482013D0001 Page 9 of 38 ODINsingle meter User s Manual Rev PRODUCT DESCRIPTION
10. accordance with the ABB ProM standard General Features ODINsingle is an active energy single phase meter for direct metering up to 65A The LCD display has 6 digits 6 mm high to ensure easy reading ODINsingle is made compact only 2 modules to save space in the installation A red LED at the front flashes proportionally to the energy consumed ODINsingle has a temperature range from 25 to 55 C storage 70 C Communication ODINsingle has 3 ways to communicate depending on type Display at front Pulse output option interface for serial communication together with serial communication adapter Button The ODINsingle with reset functionality option has one user button that can be sealed by mounting the ODINsingle in a modular enclosure The button can be used to reset the energy and to view the total energy Type Approval ODINsingle meter types are tested and approved according to IEC 62052 11 and 62053 21 Measurement instrument directive MID category B electrical environmental class E2 and electrical environmental class 1 EN 50470 1 EN 50470 3 category B These standards cover all technical aspects of the meter like climate conditions electromagnetic compatibility EMC electrical requirements mechanical requirements and accuracy PADDED 2CMC482013D0001 Page 5 of 38 ODINsingle meter User s Manual Rev PRODUCT DESCRIPTION 2 2 METER PARTS The different parts of the meter are depicted below ac
11. length Showing the stripping length of the cables Position 15 Phase terminals Made for stranded and flexible cables Position 16 Phase terminals Made for busbar system 2CMC482013D0001 Page 7 of 38 ODINsingle meter User s Manual Rev PRODUCT DESCRIPTION 2 3 METER TYPES The ODINsingle product family is divided into two types e Direct connected meters up to 65A e Direct connected meters up to 65A with reset and pulse output The meter type is reflected on the product marking see figure below Type designation Year and week of manufacture Serial number Voltage Frequency _ E 1 Network type Temperature range Protective class 11 Pulse output frequency option Fig 2 2 Product label A meter is identified by its type designation For explanation of the positions in the type designation see further down in this chapter 2 31 NETWORK TYPE The network type symbol tells the number of measurement elements the meter contains One voltage and one current is measured and used in the energy measurement 1 measuring element Fig 2 3 Network symbol The meter is used in single phase metering system with 2 wires FAIPIP 2CMC482013D0001 Page 8 of 38 ODINsingle meter User s Manual Rev PRODUCT DESCRIPTION 2 3 2 TYPE DESIGNATION ODINsingle LILI LIU Pos 1 2 3 4 5 6 Base ODIN meter family OD Network type Single phase 1 Functionality IR port 0 Pulse output Reset IR port 3
12. meter User s Manual Rev COMMUNICATION Byte Bit Code Descripion 5 o 1500 Configuration Pulses merged Date not set not used Time not set not used Tariffs set wrong not used not used not used 6 1506 not used Two element meter not used Three element meter not used Reactive energy not used not used not used not used Hardware Extended EEPROM failed not used RTC circuit error not used not used not used Internal Internal system variable 8 ABB use only 6 1 5 1 Communication settings If communication with primary addressing is used the primary address is set via communication see 6 1 4 3 2 FAIPIP 2CMC482013D0001 Page 37 of 38 ODINsingle meter User s Manual Rev ACCESSORIES 7 ACCESSORIES Accessory ABB part number Serial Comm Adapter M Bus 2CMA 137 090 R1000 Serial Comm Adapter RS232 2CMA 137 091 R1000 Serial Comm Adapter Ethernet CEM 05000 2CMA 137 099 R1000 Serial Comm Adapter Serial Comm Adapter Serial Comm Adapter LON PLC A band CAL 05000 2CMA 137 100 R1000 LON PLC C band CCL 06000 2CMA 137 103 R1000 GSM GPRS CGX 05000 2CMA 137 104 R1000 8 SERVICE AND MAINTENANCE 8 1 RECALIBRATION It should not be necessary to recalibrate the meter during its lifetime as it is an electronic meter with no moving parts and electronics voltage and current sen
13. specific data is sent immediately after the MDH The commands are sent using SND UD The syntax for the commands is VIF 2 bytes data 0 196 bytes Check Sum The Check Sum is used to recognize transmission and synchronization faults It is calculated from the arithmetical sum of the bytes from the control field to the last user data without taking carry digits into account 6 1 3 2 Communication process The Data Link Layer uses two kinds of transmission services Send Confirm SND CON Request Respond REQ RSP After the reception of a correct telegram the meter waits maximum 180ms before answering A received telegram is considered as correct if it passes the following tests e Start Parity Stop bits per character e Start Check Sum Stop characters per telegram format e second Start character the parity of the two field lengths and the number of additional characters received L Field 6 with a long frame Send Confirm Procedure SND NKE This procedure serves to start up after the interruption or beginning of communication If the meter was selected for secondary addressing it will be deselected The value of the frame count bit FCB is cleared in the meter i e it expects that the first telegram from a master with FCV 1 contains a FCB 1 The meter either confirms a correct reception with the single character acknowledge E5h or omits the confirmation if it did not receive the telegram correctly SND UD
14. values are hexadecimal Byte Size in Value Description Explanation No es 39 DIF size 64 bit integer 0000 0111 64 bit integer Instantaneous value LSB of storage number No DIFE follows True VIF according to table FD follows in VIFE 1001 0111 Error flags binary VIFE will follow UE status Error code No VIFE follows C eee XXXXXXXX 51 DIF size 8 bit integer 0000 0001 8 bit integer Instantaneous value LSB of storage number No DIFE follows 52 53 2 FF98 Power fail counter 1111 1111 VIFE and data is manufacturer specific VIFE will follow 1001 1000 Power fail counter decided by ABB VIFE will follow onm status pe Error code No VIFE follows i i Power fail counter power fails 56 DIF size 32 bit integer 0000 0100 32 bit integer Instantaneous value LSB of storage number No DIFE follows 57 58 2 FFF1 Reset counter 1111 1111 VIFE and data is manufacturer specific VIFE will follow 1111 1000 Reset counter decided by ABB VIFE will follow EE EI status o em Error code No VIFE follows 60 63 ee Number of Tesis 64 DIF size variable length 0000 1101 Variable length Instantaneous value LSB of storage number No DIFE follows 65 66 2 FD8E Firmware version 1111 1011 True VIF accor
15. 3 Send user data FCV 1 FCB is valid FCB Alternate for successive transfers Direction 1 to meter always 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 FAIPIP 2CMC482013D0001 Page 34 of 38 ODINsingle meter User s Manual Rev COMMUNICATION 6 1 4 3 6 Enable disable local reset In resettable meters if allowed factory setting it is possible to enable disable the possibility to reset the meter via the button by sending the following command all values are hexadecimal Byte Size in Value Description Explanation No bytes 1 X 68 Startcharacter j awayssame 2 1 08 L ffield calculated from C field to last user data _ No of bytes between byte 5 and byte no 3 1 X 08 field repeated 1 j sameasabove 1 0 1 1 10 j 4 1 68 Startcharacter j awayssame 5 1 53 73 C field SND_UD 01x1 0011 Function 3 Send user data FCV 1 FCB is valid FCB Alternate for successive transfers Direction 1 to meter 1 xx A field address Primary address 1 250 0 No primary address 7 1 51 Cl field data send LSB first 0101 0001 Data send Mode 0 Mode 1 LSB first 1 01 DIF size 8 bit interger 0000 0000 8 bit interger Instantaneous value LSB of storage number No DIFE follows FFF908 Button reset right 1111 1111 VIFE and data is manufacturer specific VIFE will follow 1111
16. 9 Error flags represented binary Error flags as defined by ABB XXXXXXXX CS checksum calculated from C field to last Checksum on bytes between byte no 5 and byte no 19 data 21 11 16 Stop character FAIPIP 2CMC482013D0001 Page 33 of 38 ODINsingle meter User s Manual Rev COMMUNICATION 6 1 4 3 5 Reset power fail counter The power fail counter is reset by sending the following command all values are hexadecimal Byte Size in Value Description Explanation No bytes 1 68 Startcharacter j awayssame 07 L field repeated Same as above G8 Startcharacter_ awayssam 1 10 0 0 0 07 A field address Primary address 1 250 0 No primary address 51 Cl field data send LSB first 0101 0001 Data send Mode 0 Mode 1 LSB first DIF size no data 0000 0000 No data Instantaneous value LSB of storage number No DIFE follows Power fail counter 1111 1111 VIFE and data is manufacturer specific VIFE will follow 1001 1000 Power fail counter decided by ABB VIFE follows 07 VIFE clear counter 0000 0111 Clear data No VIFE follows x 1 CS checksum calculated from C field to last Checksum on bytes between byte no 5 and byte no 11 data Stop character always same t1 M 5 53 73 C field SND UD 01x1 0011 Function
17. always same 53 73 C field SND_UD 01x1 0011 Function 3 Send user data FCV 1 FCB is valid FCB Alternate for successive transfers Direction 1 to meter always 0 S p A field address ee address 1 250 0 No primary address 51 CI field data send LSB first 0101 0001 Data send Mode 0 Mode 1 LSB first 1 DIF size no data 1000 0000 No data Instantaneous value LSB of storage number DIFE follows 0001 0000 Storage number No VIFE follows I 0b100 4 10 4 3 10 0 01k Unit is Wh 0000 0111 nt Clear data No VIFE follows 6755 CS checksum calculated from C field to last on bytes between byte no 5 and byte no 10 data 13 11 t6 jStop character FAIPIP 2CMC482013D0001 Page 31 of 38 ODINsingle meter User s Manual Rev COMMUNICATION 6 1 4 3 2 Set primary address The primary address is set by sending the following command all values are hexadecimal Byte Size in Value Description Explanation No bytes A 1 68 Startcharacter j awayssame l8 rom Fel to Fast user oor Sys between pyle no and bye ne 8 1 06 1 5 C field SND_UD P 0011 Function 3 Send user data FCV 1 FCB is valid FCB Alternate for successive transfers Direction 1 to meter always 0 TF Ixx A field address Primary address 1 250 0
18. and main terminals Recommended tightening torque Flexible or stranded 1 16 mm 2Nm 3 9 PULSE OUTPUT OPTION Connection area Recommended tightening torque External pulse voltage Max current Pulse length Pulse frequency Standard Ak EP ED PADDED Flexible 0 2 5 mm Solid 0 2 5mm 0 5 Nm 5 40 V DC Transistor output polarity dependent 100 mA 100 2 5 ms 100 imp kWh IEC 62053 31 50 2CMC482013D0001 Page 17 of 38 ODINsingle meter User s Manual Rev INSTALLATION 3 10 LED Pulse frequency 1000 imp kWh Pulse length 40 ms 3 11 DISPLAY OF ENERGY LCD with 6 digits 6 mm high without a decimal point 3 12 DIMENSIONS AND WEIGHT Width 35 8 mm 2 DIN modules Height 85 mm Depth 63 4 mm Weight 0 145 kg 3 13 ELECTROMAGNETIC COMPABILITY Impulse voltage test 6 kV IEC 60060 1 HD 588 1 51 Fast transient burst test 4 kV IEC 61000 4 4 Immunity to electromagnetic HF fields 80 Mhz 2 GHz IEC 61000 4 3 Immunity to conducted disturbance 150 kHz 80 MHz IEC 61000 4 6 Radio frequency emission EN 55022 class B CISPR22 Electrostatic discharge ESD 15 kV IEC 61000 4 2 4 INSTALLATION WARNING The voltages connected to the ODINsingle are dangerous and can be lethal Therefore all voltages must be switched off when installing the ODINsingle Do not operate the ODINsingle meter outside the specified technical data Installation and commissioning may only be car
19. ation on twisted pair where all meters are slaves FAIPIP 2CMC482013D0001 Page 20 of 38 ODINsingle meter User s Manual Rev COMMUNICATION 6 1 1 COMMUNICATION OBJECTS Communication objects in the ODINsingle meter are listed in table below Total active energy Cumulative total active energy Only possible to read Resettable active energy Cumulative resettable active energy coded as tariff 1 active energy Possible to read and reset Power fail counter Counter that increment one step each time there meter is switched off Possible to read and reset Reset counter Counter that increments one step each time the resettable energy is reset Only possible to read Manufacturing information Manufacturer code serial number etc located in telegram header Firmware version Firmware version of program code in the meter Only possible to read Error information flags Error and information flags Possible to read some possible to clear 6 1 2 PHYSICAL INTERFACE The physical interface uses serial half duplex asynchronous communication Since the bus has a master slave structure where there must and can be only one master the meters cannot communicate with each other 6 1 2 1 Optical interface The ODINsingle has an optical interface located on the left side Physical characteristics of the interface correspond to the standard IEC 61107 Communication speed is 2400 bps 6 1 3 PROTOCOL DESCRIPTION The M Bus protocol is based on t
20. characters After the start character the L field is transmitted twice then the start character once again followed by the C A and Cl fields The user data 0 252 bytes is transmitted after the CI field followed by the check sum and the stop character 16h 2CMC482013D0001 Page 22 of 38 ODINsingle meter User s Manual Rev COMMUNICATION 6 1 3 1 1 Field descriptions All fields used in the telegram frames have a length of one byte 8 bits Length field L field The L field gives the quantity of the user data inputs plus 3 for the C A and CI fields It is transmitted twice in telegrams using the long frame format Control field C field The C field contains information of the direction of the data flow error handling and besides labelling the functions and the actions caused by them the control field specifies the direction of data flow and is responsible for various additional tasks in both the calling and replying directions Bitnumber 16 5 4 J2 0 meter 0 PRM F3 1 2 F1 From the meter O o o 3 F2 F1 Fo Coding of the Control Field The primary message bit PRM is used to specify the direction of data flow It is set to 1 when a telegram is sent from a master to the meter and to 0 in the other direction The frame count bit valid FCV is set to 1 by the master to indicate that the frame count bit FCB is used When the FCV i
21. companied by a short description of each part gt 2021 Fig 2 1 Meter parts Position 1 LCD A 6 digit Liquid Crystal Display Position 2 Product information Position 3 and 5 LED and LED frequency The meter has a red Light Emitting Diode that flashes in proportion to the consumed energy Position 4 Button option The button can be used to reset the energy and to change display mode Position 6 Optical port For use of external communication devices FAIPIP 2CMC482013D0001 Page 6 of 38 ODINsingle meter User s Manual Rev PRODUCT DESCRIPTION Position 7 Sealing tape A piece of tape sealing the meter which will leave traces on the meter in case it is broken It also serves as identification of our Accredited Laboratory for initial verification of the meter Position 8 Neutral terminal Made for stranded and flexible cables Position 9 Voltage and current terminals The voltage and current measured by the meter is connected here Position 10 Label with wiring diagram for the terminals and placement for approval marks M07 0122 0 TXXXXX Gl Ver X XX X XX 3k6 25 C 55 Position 11 Numbering of terminals Position 12 DIN rail lock Used for fixing the meter on the DIN rail Position 13 Pulse output option Terminals for pulse output Position 14 Stripping
22. contains at least one byte Data Information Field DIF and is in some cases expanded with a maximum of 10 DIFE s Data Information Field Extension __6__ _ uuu Extension LSB of Function Field Data Field Bit storage Length and coding of data number Structure of the Data Information Field DIF The Extension Bit is set when next byte is a DIFE e The LSB of storage number is normally set to 0 to indicate actual value 1 stored value The Function Field is always set to 00 indicating instantaneous value e The Data Field shows the format of the data Code Meaning i Length in Byte 0000 amp jNodta J0 J 0111 64BitInteger 8 1110 i2digtBCD TS Coding of the Data Field Bitz Je 2 o Bit Structure of the Data Information Field Extension DIFE The Extension Bit is set when next byte is a DIFE Unit is used on power and energy values to tell what type of power energy the data is Always set to 0 in ODINsingle Tariff is used on energy values to give tariff information 0 Total 1 Tariff 1 0 is used for the total non resettable energy and 1 is used for the resettable energy e Storage Number is used to indicate an instantaneous or stored historical value gt 0 stored value Always set to 0 in ODINsingle FAIPIP 2CMC482013D0001 Page 25 of 38 ODINsingle meter User
23. contains the extension indicator FDh the true VIF is contained in the first VIFE VIFE Code E000 1110 E001 0111 Error and Information Flags binary Table FD Codes for Value Information Field Extension VIFE The following values for VIFE s are defined for an enhancement of VIF s other than FDh and FBh IFE Code 1111 1111 Next VIFE is manufacturer specific Manufacturer specific VIFE Codes VIFE Code Description Power fail counter Reset counter Extension of manufacturer specific VIFE s next VIFE s specifies actual meaning 2 nd manufacturer specific VIFE followed after VIFE 1111 1001 F9 hex IFE Code E000 1000 Button reset rights FAIPIP 2CMC482013D0001 Page 26 of 38 ODINsingle meter User s Manual Rev COMMUNICATION VIFE Codes for reports of record errors meter to master VIFE Code of Record Error Error Group E000 0000 None None E001 0101 No data available undefined value E001 1000 Data Errors VIFE Codes for object actions master to meter VIFE Code Action Description E000 0111 Set data to zero E000 1101 Delete from readout Data The Data follows a VIF or a VIFE without the extension bit set Manufacturer Data Header MDH The manufacturer data header is made up by the character or 1Fh 1Fh indicates that more data will follow in the next telegram OFh indicates that all data has been read Manufacturer specific data Manufacturer
24. ding to table FD follows in VIFE 1000 1110 Firmware version VIFE will follow UE status MN Error code No VIFE follows ud string 8 characters 1000 ASCII string 8 characters 69 76 Firmware version Firmware version in ASCII format with LSB first in format XXXXXXXX Mxxx yyy where xxx specifies the total firmware version and yyy the version of the basic metering part of the firmware 77 1 OF DIF indicating that this is the last telegram 0000 1111 Special function 0 End of telegram always same CS checksum calculated from C field to last Checksum on byte number 5 to 69 data Stop character always same AL EP ED FAIPIP 2CMC482013D0001 Page 30 of 38 ODINsingle meter User s Manual Rev COMMUNICATION 6 1 4 3 Sending data to the meter Below are described telegrams possible to send to the ODINsingle meter Some telegrams contain data and some not Data sent in the telegram are sometimes stored in the meter sometimes used by the meter when performing a certain action Telegrams containing no data usually initiate a certain action in the meter 6 1 4 3 1 Reset of energy In meters with possibility to reset the energy the energy is reset set to 0 by the following command all values are hexadecimal Byte Size in Value Description Explanation No bytes 1 X 68 Startcharacter i falwayssame S H 6s__ Start character
25. e meter illustrated as a box When the meter detects a valid message addressed to itself it sets the receive segment on the arrow going into the box and when it sends out a message it sets the transmit segment on the arrow going out of the box 2 6 5 FORBIDDEN OPERATION Fig 2 9 Forbidden operation If a forbidden operation is performed this is indicated by the deny symbol Example of a forbidden operation is performing local reset on a meter where local reset is disabled 2 7 DISPLAY MODES The ODINsingle meter display system is dependant on the type of meter it is In meters with possibility to reset the energy via a button two different display modes exist Normal mode and Alternative mode In all other meters only Normal mode exist The two modes are distinguished from each other by the small triangle at the upper part of the LCD which is off in Normal mode and continuously on in Alternative mode Some information is always displayed on the LCD irrespective of active mode At startup an LCD test is activated where all LCD segments is set on for a few seconds Below in the figure is depicted the display system with its different modes and the different information displayed Always displayed LCD test Load indication At power up Communication status ON NORMAL mode SP ALTERNATIVE mode Auto Lotal energy consumption SP Timeout Resettable energy consumption Error codes only when errors p
26. ed LED programmable amplifier infrared IR communication interface and the optional button and pulse output An LCD Liquid Crystal Display for display of accumulated energy status information etc The current is measured with a current transformer CT through which the current to measure flows The output current from the transformer flows through a load resistor which produces a voltage which is fed to the microcontroller At low currents the signal is amplified with a programmable amplifier The mains voltage is divided by a resistor divider and fed into the microcontroller A push button optional to control the reset function and change display mode on the LCD A power supply that generates a voltage that feeds the electronics microcontroller EEPROM etc A red LED Light Emitting Diode that flashes with a certain energy pulse frequency impulses KWh An optoisolated pulse output optional which give a certain amount of pulses per kWh 2CMC482013D0001 Page 15 of 38 ODINsingle meter User s Manual Rev PRODUCT DESCRIPTION EEPROM for storing energy 1 total and 1 optional resettable register for active energy calibration and initialization values for the microcontroller and for meter specific values which are used by the firmware in the microcontroller e Aninfra red communication interface consisting of a phototransistor and a LED for connection to an external communication unit 2 10 DIMENSIONS Below the dimensio
27. ed it will start all over again displaying the energy Normal mode will always be reached after a timeout time if the button is not pressed normally for 10 seconds FAIPIP 2CMC482013D0001 Page 13 of 38 ODINsingle meter User s Manual Rev PRODUCT DESCRIPTION 2 7 3 ALTERNATIVE MODE WHEN APPLICABLE The Alternative mode is reached from Normal mode by pressing the button for less than 4 seconds short scroll The ODINsingle meter indicates being in Alternative mode by the triangle being permanently lit In Alternative mode the resettable energy is displayed in kWh with no decimals see figure below 73 N PU LL og LU pe pT pe 1 Fig 2 11 Alternative mode energy display In meters without reset function the Alternative mode is not used 2 7 4 RESET OF ENERGY OPTION In meters with reset function and button it is possible to reset the energy via the button see position 4 in picture 2 1 in section 2 2 The energy is reset by pressing the button for more than 4 seconds When reset is done it is indicated on the LCD by a moving zero going from left to right After reset the meter will always go to Alternative mode displaying the resettable energy which will be all zeros 2 8 PULSE OUTPUT OPTION As an option the ODINsingle meter can be equipped with a pulse output for active energy The pulse output sends out a certain amount of pulses per kilowatt hour The pulse output is galvanicall
28. ending 24 4 Reset of energy SP Short Press less than 4 sec Italic text and grey boxes 9 are only available in LP Long Press 4 sec or more meters where the energy can be reset via a button Timeout Meter return to Normal mode after timeout Fig 2 10 Display system 2CMC482013D0001 Page 11 of 38 ODINsingle meter User s Manual Rev PRODUCT DESCRIPTION 2 7 1 LCD TEST AT POWER UP At power up an LCD test is displayed see figure below for a few seconds and after that the normal MES EC ET ED ET E E LL Hoo oa i Fig 2 12 LCD test 2CMC482013D0001 Page 12 of 38 ODINsingle meter User s Manual Rev PRODUCT DESCRIPTION 27 2 NORMAL MODE Normal mode is the normal display condition where the energy is displayed in kWh with no decimals see figure below urd QU LL uy CU E d Fig 2 11 Normal mode energy display In meters with reset function the total energy non resettable is displayed in Normal mode while the resettable energy is displayed in Alternative mode If errors are pending the energy and the error codes are displayed sequentially and automatically one at a time see figure below where the error code 300 is displayed 97 Foo gp LUST pU uU Fig 2 12 Display of error codes The energy is displayed for 6 seconds and each error code for 2 seconds When the last error code has been display
29. he international standard IEC 61870 but it does not use all of its specified functions When there is no communication on the bus it is in Mark state Each communicated byte consists of eleven bits The bits are one start bit space eight data bits one parity bit even and one stop bit mark The least significant bit is transmitted first Calling direction master to meter IMark 11 20 m IMark Fig 6 1 Transmission of a Character in Calling and Replying Direction 2CMC482013D0001 Page 21 of 38 ODINsingle meter User s Manual Rev 6 1 3 1 Telegram formats The telegram formats are structured according to format class FT1 2 The FT1 2 format fulfils the data integrity class I2 including a hamming distance of four Three telegram formats are used The start character identifies the different telegram formats Afeld Led 5 Check Sum Stop 16h Telegram Formats User Data 0 252 byte M COMMUNICATION e Single character The Single character format consists of a single character E5h and is used to acknowledge received telegrams e Short frame The Short frame format is identified by its start character 10h and consists of five characters Besides the C and A fields it includes the checksum and the stop character 16h e Long frame The Long frame format is identified by its start character 68h and consists of a variable number of
30. n a 2 wire installation see figure below U Load Fig 5 1 Single phase measurement The metering calculation in the meter is done digitally by a microcontroller according to the formula E gt k u n T i n T n 0 1 2 k is a calibration constant u the voltage and i the current The voltage and current signals are sampled regularly once every time interval T by an analog to digital converter and via software multiplied together to give an amount of energy This energy is accumulated to an energy register E which keeps track of the total energy In meters with resettable energy two registers are used one for the total energy and one for the resettable energy 6 COMMUNICATION Reading a meter through a communication interface gives a number of advantages compared to manual reading e time it takes to read a number of meters is much shorter It is also possible to perform continuous readings risk of getting wrong values because of mistakes during manual reading is reduced to a minimum The values are stored electronically which makes it easier to process them further All ODINsingle have an optical interface on the left side of the meter For communication via the optical interface the M Bus protocol is used This chapter describes the M Bus communication 6 1 M BUS The M Bus Meter Bus is a bus system for the remote reading of meters It is a master slave system for communic
31. ns for the meter are displayed Fig 2 16 Meter dimensions FAIPIP 2CMC482013D0001 Page 16 of 38 ODINsingle meter User s Manual Rev 3 TECHNICAL DATA TECHNICAL DATA Direct connected single phase meter up to 65 A 3 1 VOLTAGE Nominal Voltage Un Voltage range of Un 3 2 CURRENT Min current Min current inside class ltr Reference alt Base current lrer Ib Maximum current Starting current Ist 3 3 GENERAL DATA Frequency fn Frequency range of fn Accuracy Class Power consumption at 230 VAC and 5 A 3 4 STANDARDS MID approval according to International approvals according to TEMPERATURE RANGE Operating Storage 3 5 3 6 ENCLOSURE MATERIAL Top cover Bottom cover Glow wire test according to 1 x 220 240 VAC 20 to 15 0 25A 0 5A 5A 65A 20 mA 50 60 Hz 5 B CI 1 1 0 VA EN 50470 1 EN 50470 3 IEC 62052 11 IEC 62053 21 25 to 55 C 25 to 70 Polycarbonate Polycarbonate glass fibre IEC 695 2 1 3 7 ENVIRONMENTAL CLASSES Insulation protective class Mechanical environment Electromagnetical environment Resistance to heat and fire Humidity Protection against penetration of dust and water Class II M2 E2 IEC 60695 2 10 to 11 Terminal bottom cover 960 C Cover 650 C 75 yearly average 95 on 30 days year IP20 on terminals IP 51 when mounted in protective enclosure 3 8 CONNECTION AREA MAIN TERMINALS Current
32. ollows M Error flags represented binary ERG flags as defined by ABB XXXX NE EM CS checksum calculated from C field to last Checksum on bytes between byte no 5 and byte no 19 data Stop character AL EP ED FAIPIP 2CMC482013D0001 Page 32 of 38 ODINsingle meter User s Manual Rev COMMUNICATION 6 1 4 3 4 Disable error flags The error flags that are possible to disable are disabled by sending the following command all values are hexadecimal Byte Size in Value Description Explanation No bytes 1 X 68 JStatchaacer i falwayssame 2 1 X OF L ffield calculated from C field to last user data No of bytes between byte no 5 and byte no 19 68 Statcharctr j awayssame S B3 M H n 1 53 73 C field SND UD 01x1 0011 Function 3 Send user data FCV 1 FCB is valid FCB Alternate for successive transfers Direction 1 to meter always 0 fe tt lxx Afield address Ae address 1 250 0 No primary address 1 51 CI field data send LSB first 0101 0001 Data send Mode 0 Mode 1 LSB first 1 07 DIF size 64 bit integer 0000 0111 64 bit integer Instantaneous value LSB of storage number No DIFE follows FD97 Error codes 1111 1011 True VIF according to table FD follows in VIFE 1001 0111 Error flags binary VIFE will follow 0000 1101 i Delete data from readout No VIFE follows nd 1
33. ossible in resettable meters 6 1 4 4 Minimum time between requests It may not be possible to read data from the meter too frequently When the meter sends out data it uses power stored in a capacitor If the voltage of the capacitor drops below a certain level the meter will stop sending out the telegram If this happens it is recommended to make a small delay approximately 1 second to allow for the internal capacitor to be charged Recommended minimum time between a received telegram and the next request is 100ms PADDED 2CMC482013D0001 Page 28 of 38 ODINsingle meter User s Manual Rev COMMUNICATION 6 1 4 2 Read out telegram Below is specified the telegram sent out by the ODINsingle meter at a normal rad out that is after the ODINsingle meter have received a request user data 2 command REQ UD2 Byte Size in Value Description Explanation EM ae o OT _ eal cute Rm CRek iss er ata beta 73 byes 4 1 X 68 X Startcharacter_ j awayssam o y 5 1 C field RSP UD 0000 1000 Function 8 User data DFC 0 can accept further data ACD 0 class 2 data e 1 xx Afield address Primary address 1 250 0 No primary address 7 1 72 Cl field variable data respond LSB first 0111 0010 Variable data respond Mode 1 LSB first He pax Number of accesses _ Increased by 1 after every respond RSP_UD 17 Status De XXXX
34. ried out by authorised electrical specialists The installer is responsible that the electricity meter is correctly and safely installed To comply with the protection requirements the meter must be mounted in a class IP51 enclosure or better according to IEC 60529 4 1 MOUNTING The ODINsingle can be mounted in different ways Below is described the most common ways For some of the mounting alternatives additional accessories are needed for part numbers see chapter 7 4 1 1 DIN RAIL MOUNTED The ODINsingle is aimed to be mounted on a DIN rail designed according to the standard CEI IEC 715 In this case no extra accessories are needed and the meter is fastened on the rail so that the metal snap piece on the back of the meter snaps onto the rail FAIPIP 2CMC482013D0001 Page 18 of 38 ODINsingle meter User s Manual Rev INSTALLATION 4 2 WIRING DIAGRAMS Below is described how to connect the meters to the electricity network The ODINsingle must always be protected by a fuse on the incoming side 4 2 1 VOLTAGE AND CURRENT 1311 e Fig 4 2 Wiring diagram 4 2 2 PULSE OUTPUT OPTION 20 21 Fig 4 3 Pulse output connection diagram FAIPIP 2CMC482013D0001 Page 19 of 38 ODINsingle meter User s Manual Rev MEASUREMENT METHOD 5 MEASUREMENT METHOD The ODINsingle is a direct connected single phase meter measuring the active energy consumption i
35. s Manual Rev COMMUNICATION Value Information Block VIB The VIB follows a DIF or DIFE without a set extension bit It contains one Value Information Field VIF and is in some cases expanded with up to 10 Value Information Field Extensions VIFE Bitz J6 J5 dae een d2 eS Se Value Information Bit Value Information contains information about the value unit status etc The Extension Bit is set when next byte is a VIFE Structure of the Value Information Field VIF In case VIF or VIFE FFh the next VIFE is manufacturer specific The manufacturer specific VIFE has the same construction as a VIF If the extension bit of the manufacturer specific VIFE is set and the VIFE is less than 1111 1000 the next byte is a standard VIFE otherwise it is the first data byte If the extension bit of the manufacturer specific VIFE is set and the VIFE is bigger or equal to 1111 1000 the next byte is an extension of manufacturer specific VIFE s VIF Code Description Range Coding E000 Onnn 10 nnn 3 wn 0 001Wh to 10000Wh E111 1010 Bus Address 0 0 250 1111 1011 Extension of VIF codes Not used by ODINsingle 1111 1101 Extension of VIF codes True VIF is given in the first VIFE and is coded using Table FD 1111 1111 Manufacturer Specific Next VIFE is manufacturer specific Codes for Value Information Field VIF Codes for Value Information Field Extension VIFE used with extension indicator FDh If the VIF
36. s set to 0 the meter ignores the FCB e The FCB is used to indicate successful transmission procedures A master shall toggle the bit after a successful reception of a reply from the meter If the expected reply is missing or the reception of it is faulty the master resends the same telegram with the same FCB The meter answers to a UD2 request with toggled FCB and set FCV with a RSP UD containing the next telegram of a multi telegram answer If the FCB is not toggled it will repeat the last telegram The actual values will be updated in a repeated telegram On receipt of a SND NKE the meter clears the FCB The meter uses the same FCB for primary addressing secondary addressing and point to point communication e The bits 0 to 3 FO F1 F2 and of the control field are the function code of the message Name C feld binary Cela SND_NKE 0100 0000 Short Frame Initialization of Meter SND_UD 01F1 0011 53 73 Send User Data to Meter REQ UD2 01 1 1011 5B 7B Short Frame Request for Class 2 Data RSP_UD 0000 1000 Long Frame Data Transfer from Meter to Master after Request Function Codes Address Field A field The address field is used to address the recipient in the calling direction and to identify the sender of information in the receiving direction The size of this field is one byte and can therefore take values from 0 to 255 e The address 0 is given to meters at manufacturing e The addresses 1
37. scribes general metering aspects The end goal is to help the user to use the meter in the most optimal and correct way and to give the proper service and support to maintain the highest stability and lifetime The degree of the ODINsingle functions is controlled by its hardware electronic boards mechanics etc software resided in a small computer inside the meter and the meter type specific programming done when it is produced stored in a non volatile EEPROM memory Features both hardware and software which are not standard incorporated in all meters are pointed out in the manual as options WARNING The voltages connected to the ODINsingle are dangerous and can be lethal Therefore it must be insured that the terminals are not touched during operation When installing the ODINsingle all voltages must be switched off FAIPID 2CMC482013D0001 Page 4 of 38 ODINsingle meter User s Manual Rev PRODUCT DESCRIPTION 2 PRODUCT DESCRIPTION This chapter contains a description of the basic functions and practical handling of the ODINsingle Functionality regarding communication is described in chapter 6 2 1 FAMILY OVERVIEW General Presentation ODINsingle is an electronic electricity meter for single phase metering As option the meter has a pulse output and reset possibilities of one of two energy registers The setting is done with push button or via communication ODINsingle is intended for mounting on a DIN rail and is designed in
38. se it does not reply Selected state means that the meter can be addressed with the bus address 253 FDh During selection individual positions of the secondary addresses can be occupied with wildcards Such a wildcard means that this position will not be taken into account during selection In the identification number each individual digit can be set as a wildcard by a wildcard nibble Fh while the fields for manufacturer version and medium can be set as a wildcard by a wildcard byte FFh The meter will remain selected until it receives a selection command with non matching secondary addresses a selection command with Cl 56h or a SND NKE to address 253 6 1 4 TELEGRAMS The communication can be divided in two parts One part is reading data from the meter and the other part is sending data to it This section describes typical telegrams sent to and received from the ODINsingle The data readout procedure starts when the master sends a REQ_UD2 telegram to the meter The meter responds with a RSP_UD telegram The last DIF in the user data part of the telegram is OF to indicate that there are no more telegrams to read Using SND_UD telegrams data or commands can be sent to the meter The following is possible to perform with SND_UD telegrams on the ODINsingle meter Reset of energy only possible in resettable meters Set primary address Clear error flags Disable error flags Reset power fail counter Enable disable local reset only p
39. ser Data master to meter Fixed Data Header Identification No 4 Byte 2 Byte 1 Byte 1 Byte 1 Byte 1Byte 2 Byte Structure of the Fixed Data Header e Identification Number is the 8 digit serial number of the meter BCD coded e Manufacturer is set to 0442h meaning ABB e Version specifies the version of the protocol implementation e Medium byte is set to 02h to indicate electricity Access Number is a counter that counts successful accesses e Status byte is used to indicate the meter status _ Meaning amp 0 Meter busy 6 NOTUSED Manufacturer specific e Signature is set to 00 00 2CMC482013D0001 Page 24 of 38 ODINsingle meter User s Manual Rev COMMUNICATION Data Records The data together with information regarding coding length and the type of data is transmitted in data records The maximum total length of the data records is 234 bytes Data Record Header DRH Data Data Information Block DIB Value Information Block VIB DIFE VIFE 1 Byte 0 10 Bytes 1 Byte 0 10 Bytes 0 n Bytes Structure of a Data Record transmitted from left to right Each data record consists of a data record header DRH and the actual data The DRH in turn consists of the data information block DIB to describe the length type and coding of the data and the value information block VIB to give the value of the unit and the multiplier Data Information Block DIB The DIB
40. sors that do not naturally degrade or change with time under specified environmental conditions If degradation in the accuracy is observed the meter has probably been partly damaged for example due to lightning strike or extreme environmental conditions etc and should be sent for repair or exchanged 8 2 CLEANING If the meter is dirty and needs to be cleaned use lightly moistened tissue with water based mild detergent Make sure no liquid goes into the meter as this could damage the meter FAIPIP 2CMC482013D0001 Page 38 of 38
41. to 250 are given to the meters as individual primary addresses The address can be set via the bus see chapter 6 1 4 3 2 e The addresses 251 and 252 are reserved for future use e The address 253 FDh is used by the secondary addressing procedure e The address 254 FEh is used for point to point communication The meter replies with its primary address e The address 255 FFh is used for broadcast transmissions to all meters None of the meters replies to a broadcast message PADDED 2CMC482013D0001 Page 23 of 38 ODINsingle meter User s Manual Rev COMMUNICATION Control Information Field Cl field The Cl field codes the type and sequence of application data to be transmitted in the frame Bit two counting begins with bit 0 value 4 called M bit or Mode bit in the Cl field gives information about the used byte sequence in multi byte data structures For communication with the ODINsingle meter the Mode bit shall not be set Mode 1 meaning the least significant byte of a multi byte record is transmitted first Application Selection of slaves CI field codes to use by the master The meter uses code 72h in the Cl field for responses to requests for user data User Data The User Data contains the data to be sent to the recipient Fixed Data Header Data Records 12 Byte Variable number of bytes 1 Byte Structure of the User Data meter to master Data Records variable number of bytes Structure of the U
42. y isolated from the rest of the electronics in the meter It fulfils the IEC standard 62053 31 and DIN 43 864 standard often called S0 The output has a maximum voltage and current specified to 40 Volt DC and 100 mA It is built with a transistor and an optocoupler of transistor type and is polarity dependent The equivalent circuitry of the output is depicted below Fig 2 14 Pulse output equivalent schematic diagram 2CMC482013D0001 Page 14 of 38 ODINsingle meter User s Manual Rev 2 9 ELECTRONICS The energy measuring is realized electronically see figure below where the electronics is depicted in a block diagram Phase PRODUCT DESCRIPTION IR Comm port LCD yl in Power supply X s CT Phase out BUTTON c o Resistor divider l Red LED NY Microcontroller Programmable Amplifier m _ Pulse output kWh EEPROM Fig 2 15 Electronics block diagram The meter hardware can be divided into the following parts A microcontroller that performs the energy calculation The voltage and current signals are sampled by A D converters incorporated in the microcontroller and multiplied together digitally to get the energy The meter is calibrated via registers to fulfil the accuracy class requirements stated in the standards The microcontroller also handles the LCD EEPROM r
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