PASCO Specialty & Mfg. 012-09731B User's Manual
Contents
1. J Instruction Manual PASCO 012 09731B Using Ocean Optics Spectrometers with the PASCO Xplorer GLX Introduction This manual contains instructions for using an Ocean Optics spectrometer with the PASCO Xplorer GLX hand held datalogger The combination of these two devices can be used to monitor and record a spectrum or to contin uously record light intensity in a defined wavelength band You can use the spectrometer to analyze light from sources such as the sun or a fluorescent lamp or you can use it with the Integrated Light Source and Cuvette Holder to analyze light transmitted through a solution In addition to light intensity the GLX calculates absor bance transmission and relative irradiance These instructions assume that you are familiar with the general operation of the Xplorer GLX For complete instructions on using the GLX see the Xplorer GLX Users Guide PASCO manual number 012 08950 Compatible Spectrometer Models The following spectrometers manufactured by Ocean Optics are compatible with the Xplorer GLX license key required e USB650 Red Tide e USB2000 e USB4000 e HR4000 Important Note An Ocean Optics spectrometer in some ways resembles other sensors used with the GLX however there are some important differences e The GLX requires a special license to work with an Ocean Optics spectrometer When you purchase a license you receive a USB flash drive that will install a license key on your GLX A2. The S N will improve by the square root of the number of scans averaged Boxcar This parameter sets the boxcar smoothing width Boxcar smoothing averages groups of adjacent pixels For example if the value is 5 the GLX averages each pixel with 5 pixels to its left and 5 pixels to its night a total of 11 pixels The greater this value the smoother the data and the higher the S N If the value is too high a loss in spectral resolution will result The S N will improve by the square root of the number of pixels averaged Lamp Tab Lamp Enable If you have the Integrated Light Source connected to your spectrometer use this option to turn it on and off It is on by default Elec Dark Correction This option enables or disables the correc tion of the spectral data for the electrical dark signal The effect is to shift the entire spectrum vertically so it reads close to zero counts in the absence of light Color Temperature K If you know the color temperature of the lamp that you are using for the reference scan enter it here in units of kelvins The GLX uses this value to calculate relative irradiance If you do not plan to use the relative irradiance measurement the value of this parameter does not matter Time Acquisition Tab Note To enter this tab you must have saved dark and reference scans Scan Mode There are three choices Scope or Spectral Scope Time Acquisition and Beer s Law See Collecting Data be
3. Average parameters see pages 5 and 5 Run 1 4000 Intensity counts 2000 Note Spectral Scope scan mode is not the same as the regular GLX scope mode used with other sensors 0 400 600 800 1000 Spectral Scope is the default mode If you have switched to a different Wavelength nm mode go to the Time Acquisition tab of the configuration screen see akela ENEL Gade LLa e a above to switch back Spectral Scope mode To monitor and record data in Spectral Scope mode 1 If the configuration screen is open press to close it 2 While viewing the Graph display press to begin monitoring data A periodically updated spectrum appears on the display and the clock icon 24 appears in the upper right corner of the screen Note While viewing spectral data you can use normal GLX Graph screen func tions such as Auto Scale gt and Scale Move Crz gt See the GLX Users Guide for more information 3 To record the spectrum press again The graph freezes on the most recently collected spectrum and this spectrum is saved as a data run named Run 1 Run 2 etc 4 Press again to start monitoring again 5 Repeat steps 3 and 4 to record additional spectra Time Acquisition Mode Use Time Acquisition mode to collect data from a single channel either 9 25 01 AM 04 25 06 XplorerGlX Qe O f a single pixel or a block of adjacent pixels The location and width of 40 0000 173
4. Run 1 500 0nm the block is determined by the Wavelength and Bandwidth parameters The rate of data collection is determined by the Sample Rate parameter Go to the Time Acquisition tab of the configuration screen see page 5 to put the GLX into Time Acquisition mode and to set the parameters then follow these steps 190 200 Intensity counts 180 aooo OD a 220 ae al eda cl Time 5 Auto Scale Scale Move Tools Graphs z 1 Ifthe configuration screen is open press to close it Time Acquisition mode 6 TEIH Ocean Optics with Xplorer GLX Measurements 2 Press to begin recording data 3 Press again to stop recording The data run is saved with a name such as Run 1 500 0 nm to indicate the value of the Wavelength parameter Note See the GLX Users Guide for general information about collecting display ing and analyzing data on the GLX and uploading data to a computer 11 46 43 AM 02 21 07 XplorerGLX GOA Beer s Law Mode 0 000 0 00 No Data wv Use Beer s Law mode to make a graph of Absorbance versus Concentra a tion To use this mode you will need an integrated light source and S cuvette holder cuvettes and several different known concentrations of a E solution Beer s Law mode is similar to Time Acquisition mode in that data is collected from a single channel defined by the Wavelength and 2 lt 6 8 10 B dwidth t Foll th d Ot B 5 Concentration mol
5. see a message such as There is 1 license available for Ocean Optics Spectrometer Would you like to add a license to this GLX Press CAO for Yes 4 You will see a message such as Successfully added license for Ocean Optics Spectrometer Press for OK C Connect Optional Hardware e Ifyou plan to use a fiber optic probe insert one end of the probe into the spectrometer s light input connector and turn the threaded collar on the probe to secure it to the spectrometer e Ifyou plan to use the Integrated Light Source and Cuvette Holder align it with the spectrometer press the connectors together and tighten the captured screws D Connect the Spectrometer to the GLX 1 Turn on the GLX 2 Use the cable included with the spectrometer to connect the USB port of the spectrometer to the USB port of the GLX After a few seconds you will see the Initializing screen then the Spec trometer Analysis Configuration screen Setting Up the Spectrometer and GLX PASCO Version Firmware 1 43 Core 1 05 Pwrwigr 1 06 Firmware version eaaa Screws Integrated Light Source 8 21 06 AM 04 25 06 XplorerGLX Qe 0g AA Data Files Digits Meter Stopwatch Initializing Cancel Initializing screen appears a few seconds after connecting the spectrometer TEIH Ocean Optics with Xplorer GLX E Configure the Spectrometer In the Spectrometer Analy
6. single flash drive may contain more than one license key for licensing multiple GLXs e To collect data from a spectrometer the GLX must be in standalone mode not connected to a computer Once you have recorded data you can analyze them on the GLX or transfer them to your computer e A spectrometer can not be used simultaneously with other sensors 800 772 8700 www pasco com Ocean Optics with Xplorer GLX Setting Up the Spectrometer and GLX A Update the GLX Important note If your GLX has firmware version lower than 1 3 upgrade the firmware before you install the license key Check the firmware version number at the bottom of the splash screen that appears briefly when you turn on your GLX If it is lower than 1 4 follow these steps 1 Visit www pasco com glx 2 Follow the instructions on that web page to download and install the latest GLX firmware You can also update the GLX by connecting it to any computer that has DataStudio version 1 8 or later installed on it B Install the License Key Important note The license key is removed from the flash drive when it is copied to the GLX A single license key can not be moved from one GLX to another or installed on more than one GLX After the license key is installed it will reside on your GLX permanently 1 If the GLX is connected to a computer disconnect it 2 Plug the license key flash drive in the GLX s USB port 3 On the GLX screen you will
7. the reference scan Do this after setting the parame ters in the Data Acquisition tab see Data Acquisition Tab below Your reference light may be one of the follow depending on what type of measurement you plan to make e The Integrated Light Source with a reference cuvette in place for measuring absorbance and transmission of light through a solution e A lamp with a known color temperature for measuring the relative irradiance of light sources e Any light source if you plan to use only the Intensity and Minus Dark measurements F3 Clear Scan Press CF3 to delete the dark and reference scans F4 Close Press to close the configuration screen Navigating in the Configuration Screen The configuration parameters and options are contained in three tabs Data Acquisition Lamp and Time Acquisition To navigate between the tabs press the left and right arrow keys Note that the Time Acquisition tab will not be available until you have saved dark and reference scans Navigate within a tab by pressing the up and down arrow keys to high light different parameter and options To change the highlighted param eter or option do one of the following e Press C or to change the value of the parameter by 1 e Press Q to make the parameter editable Type the desired value Press Q again e Press Q to toggle a two choice option or e Press Q to open a pop up menu Use the arrow keys to highligh
8. L andwidth parameters Follow the procedure on page 9 to use Beer s TEESE a Law mode l Beer s Law mode Measurements In addition to the simple Intensity measurement the GLX records mea 9 28 52 AM 04 25 06 XplorerGix GOLE surements derived from Intensity the dark scan and the reference scan If you have not saved dark and reference scans the GLX will not record derived measurements amp D WE intensity 2 4Minus Dark Absorbance D Transmission Rel Irradiance Data Properties at revertgth nm Auto Scale Scale Move Tools Graphs 7 A aq p To select a measurement for display in the Graph screen 1 Press Q to light up the Graph s active fields with the Y axis measurement highlighted 1000 Graph screen menu containing 2 Press V again to open the menu 8 p measurements 3 Use the arrow keys to highlight the desired measurement and press Q to select it The measurements are described below Intensity This is the straight measurement made by the spectrometer in units of digital counts Minus Dark The GLX calculates Minus Dark by subtracting the dark scan from the Intensity measurement PASC O 7 Ocean Optics with Xplorer GLX Measurements Absorbance The GLX uses this equation to evaluate each pixel on the detector and produce the absorbance spectrum S D ATHA A log A OCR Dy Where
9. S D Dark intensity at wavelength Sample intensity at wavelength R Reference intensity at wavelength A acquired with a blank cuvette in place Absorbance is not a valid quantity if either S D or R D is less than zero This condition may occur if the test solution or the refer ence solution is very dark Transmission The GLX calculates the transmission of a solution using this equation S Dy Ry Dy Rel Irradiance Relative irradiance is a comparison of the fraction of energy a sample emits and the energy the spectrometer collects from a lamp with a black body energy distribution normalized to 1 at the energy maximum To measure the relative irradiance of a sample you must save the refer ence scan using a lamp of known color temperature and enter the color temperature under the Lamp tab of the configuration screen The GLX calculates relative irradiance with this equation Where B Relative energy of the reference calculated from the color temperature at wavelength A S Sample intensity at wavelength D Dark intensity at wavelength R Reference intensity at wavelength A 8 TEIH Ocean Optics with Xplorer GLX Appendix Beer s Law Procedure Appendix Beer s Law Procedure Follow these steps to obtain an absorbance versus concentration graph for aqueous solutions of copper II sulfate CuSO Equipment You will need the following items
10. Xplorer GLX with Ocean Optics license key installed Ocean Optics Spectrometer Integrated Light Source and Cuvette Holder Cuvettes included with above item Various aqueous solutions of CuSO of known concentrations ranging between 0 and 0 5 M About 3 mL of each sample needed Set up 1 Turn on the GLX 2 Connect the spectrometer to the GLX Result The Initializing screen appears followed by the Configuration screen Cuvette 3 Attach the Integrated Light Source and Cuvette Holder to the spec trometer 4 Fill a cuvette with your weakest solution sample this would typi cally be just water 5 Place the cuvette in the cuvette holder oriented as illustrated so that light travels through the cuvette by the shorter path 6 Inthe Data Acquisition tab of the Configuration screen set Integration Time to 25 ms 7 Check the spectrum preview in the upper part of the screen it should not be clipped especially in the region of 800 nm If it is reduce the integration time 8 Press 2 to switch to the Lamp tab of the Configuration screen 9 With the cuvette in place and the lamp on you should see light in the cuvette press CF2 gt Save Ref 10 Press V to switch the lamp off 11 Press Save Dark 12 Press Q to switch the lamp back on PASC O 9 Ocean Optics with Xplorer GLX 13 14 15 16 17 Press 2 to switch to the Time Acquisition tab Set Scan Mode to Beer s Law Set W
11. avelength to 800 nm Set Bandwidth to 15 pixels Press Close Result The Graph screen opens with Absorbance on the vertical axis and Concentration on the horizontal axis Procedure 1 Press A flashing icon F appears in the upper right hand cor ner of the screen 2 Press The GLX records a single absorbance value and prompts you to enter a concentration 3 Type the concentration in mol L 4 Replace the cuvette with one containing the next higher concentra tion sample 5 Repeat steps 2 and 3 for all of your samples 6 Press to end the data run Analysis 10 The graph shows a linear relationship between absorbance and concen tration in accordance to Beer s Law Appendix Beer s Law Procedure 2000 4000 ntensity counts Data Aquisition Time Aquisition Wavelength nm Bandwidth pixels tg Sample Rate Hz a Beer s Law Set up Run 1 800 0nm 1 2 3 Absorbance 0 0 0 0 1 0 2 0 3 0 4 0 5 Concentration mol L Beer s Law Data TEIH Ocean Optics with Xplorer GLX Technical Support Technical Support For assistance with any PASCO product contact PASCO at Address PASCO scientific 10101 Foothills Blvd Roseville CA 95747 7100 Phone 916 786 3800 worldwide 800 772 8700 U S Fax 916 786 7565 Web WWW pasco com Email support pasco com Limited Warranty For a description of the product wa
12. low for descriptions of these modes The other three parameters in this tab affect Time Acquisition and Beer s Law modes only Wavelength This parameter specifies the wavelength in nm to be monitored Bandwidth Use this parameter to set the wavelength range to be monitored The value of Bandwidth is equal to the number of pixels on PASC O Spectrometer Analysis Configuration Screen Data Aquisition Integration Time oD 100 Milliseconds ai Integration Time Unit Average Boxcar Data Acquisition tab Data Aquisition Larp Enable Elec Dark Correction Color Temperature K Lamp tab Data Aquisition Time Aquisition Wavelength K Bandwidth pixels Sample Rate Hz Time Acquisition tab Ocean Optics with Xplorer GLX Collecting Data either side of the pixel specified by the Wavelength parameter There fore the total number of pixels equals Bandwidth x 2 1 Sample Rate This parameter specifies the rate in Hz or samples per second at which the GLX will record data Collecting Data View and record data using Spectral Scope mode Time Acquisition mode or Beer s Law mode as described below Spectral Scope Mode Collect data in Spectral Scope mode when you want to monitor or 9 21 52 AM 04 25 06 Xplorerclix Oe record the whole spectrum Each recorded spectrum represents light col lected over a period of time determined by the Integration Time and
13. rranty see the PASCO catalog Copyright The PASCO scientific 012 09731B Using Ocean Optics Spectrometers with the PASCO Xplorer GLX Instruction Manual is copy righted with all rights reserved Permission is granted to non profit educational institutions for reproduction of any part of this manual providing the reproductions are used only in their laboratories and classrooms and are not sold for profit Reproduction under any other circumstances without the written consent of PASCO scientific is prohibited Trademarks PASCO PASCO scientific DataStudio Xplorer and Xplorer GLX are trademarks or registered trademarks of PASCO scientific in the United States and or in other countries All other brands products or service names are or may be trademarks or service marks of and are used to identify products or services of their respective owners For more information visit www pasco com legal LEIHO 11
14. sis Configuration screen follow these general steps For a detailed explanation of the parameters in the configuration screen and how to change them see pages 3 6 1 2 Set the parameters in the Data Acquisition tab as desired This step is not always necessary Go to the Lamp tab and change the parameters there if necessary Do this step if you plan to use Time Acquisition or Beer s Law mode or the Minus Dark Absorbance Transmittance or Relative Irradiance measurements a Turn off the light source or block light from entering the spec trometer Press CF to save the dark scan b Allow reference light to enter the spectrometer Press CF2 gt to save a reference scan Do this step only if you plan to use Time Acquisition or Beer s Law mode Go to the Time Acquisition tab Set the scan mode and other parameters as desired See page 6 for more information After you have finished setting spectrometer parameters and options press to close the configuration screen See page 6 for instructions on recording and viewing data Spectrometer Analysis Configuration Screen 7AM 04 25 06 ao Og co ne ho XplorerGLXx tensity counts 0 2000 4000 Data Aquisition Time Aquisition Integration Time Unit Milliseconds 7 Average 1 Boxcar 0 Save Dark Save Ref Clear Scans Close CO Gey CHD CY Spectrometer Analysis Configuration screen appears after
15. t the desired menu option Press Q again Spectrometer Analysis Configuration Screen oO 2 N 17 AM 04 25 06 XplorerGLX gpO Oe 2000 4000 Spectrum preview atensit counts 0 Data Aquisition Integration Time ea 100 Integration Time Unit Milliseconds Average 1 Boxcar 0 Save Dark Save Ref Clear Scans Close D m m amp Function keys 2A reference cuvette represents 100 transmission Press Ri and 9 to move between tabs Data Aquisition Integration Time Integration Time Unit Average Boxcar Press amp and lt to move within a tab TEIH Ocean Optics with Xplorer GLX Data Acquisition Tab Integration Time Integration time is analogous to the shutter speed of a camera The higher the integration time the longer the detector monitors incoming light Adjust the integration time so that the greatest amount of light that you anticipate for your application causes a signal of about 85 of the spectrometer s capability 3500 counts out of 4096 counts maximum for example Integration Time Units Use this option to specify whether the inte gration time above is expressed in milliseconds or microseconds Average This parameter specifies the number of discrete spectral acquisitions that the GLX collects and averages before displaying or recording a spectrum The higher the value the better the signal to noise ratio S N
16. the Initializing screen What you use as the reference light depends on what you plan to measure See see F2 Save Ref on page 4 for details Spectrometer Analysis Configuration Screen The Spectrometer Analysis Configuration screen is where you set the parameters that control how the spectrometer and GLX collect and pro cess data To Open the Configuration Screen If the spectrometer is not yet connected Connect the spectrometer to the GLX s USB port and wait for the configuration screen to open automatically If the spectrometer is already connected 1 Press F to open the Graph screen if it is not already open 2 Press C3 to open the Tools menu 3 Use the arrow keys to highlight Spectrum Analysis Config 4 Press Q PASC O Ocean Optics with Xplorer GLX Spectrum Preview When the configuration screen opens the GLX automatically starts monitoring and displaying spectrum data in the upper half of the screen With this preview you can immediately see the effect of changes that you make to parameters Press to manually stop or re start spec trum monitoring Function Keys Use the function keys to save and clear dark and reference scans and to close the configuration screen F1 Save Dark With the light source off or blocked so that no light enters the spectrometer press CGD to save the dark scan F2 Save Ref With reference light entering the spectrometer press CF2 to save
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