PASCO Specialty & Mfg. EM-8618 User's Manual
Contents
1. current blade Figure Swing the Blade Repeat the procedure for the eddy current blade with slots and the eddy current blade with slits The blade with slots is less damped than the solid eddy current blade The blade with slits is only slightly damped IZEIA Magnetic Demonstration System Demonstration 2 Magnetic Force on a Cur Demonstration 2 Magnetic Force on a Current Carrying Wire Swing Equipment Needed Equipment Needed Variable Gap Magnet EM 8618 Magnetic Force Accessory EM 8642A 12 V DC Power Supply SE 9720A Patch Cord 2 SE 9750 Large Base and Rod ME 9355 Mini Generator SE 8645 optional The PASCO Hand held Mini Generator SE 8645 can be used as the power source instead of the DC power supply Use the swing assembly and pole pieces with the Variable Gap Magnet and a power supply to demonstrate the magnetic force on a current carrying wire Setup 1 Slide the mounting rod onto a support rod and tighten the thumbscrew at the end of the mounting rod to hold it in place 2 Plug the swing assembly into the two holes in the mounting rod from the underside of the rod 3 Place the Variable Gap Magnet on its end with the pole pieces attached so the magnetic field between the pole pieces is ver tical Adjust the gap between the pole pieces and the position of the magnet so that the horizontal part of the swing is cen tered between the pole pieces and ca2. Equipment Needed Variable Gap Magnet EM 8618 Magnetic Force Accessory EM 8642A Large Base and Rod ME 9355 Use the eddy current blades and the Variable Gap Magnet to demonstrate magnetic induction Setup 1 Slide the mounting rod onto a support rod and tighten the set screw at the end of the mounting rod to hold it in place Hang the solid eddy current blade on the end of the mount ing bar by placing the hooked end of the blade into one of the slots at the end of the bar Raise or lower the mounting bar so that the blade is centered between the two magnets Adjust the magnets so that the gap between the magnets is just wide enough to allow the blade to fit between the mag nets without touching Slide the Variable Gap Magnet away enough away from the blade so that the blade can swing freely Explain to the class that the eddy current blades are made of alu minum which is a non ferromagnetic material and is not attracted to magnets Procedure 4 With the magnet away from the blade swing the blade to show that it swings freely on the mounting bar Slowly slide the Variable Gap Magnet back into position so that the blade is centered between the magnets Go slowly If the magnet is moved into place too quickly the blade will move With the magnet in place swing the blade to show that the oscillations are now damped because of the induced eddy currents in the moving blade
3. 1 75 by 0 5 cm thick 0 19 When the pole pieces are placed on the magnet faces the magnetic field between the pole pieces is relatively uniform except at the edges of the pole pieces With a separation of 1 cm 0 4 in between the pole pieces the magnetic field varies between 8500 and 9000 gauss Pole Pieces Center the pole piece on the magnet Be careful when handling the pole pieces near the magnets Use the adjustment screws to separate the two magnets Slide the pole piece onto the magnet from the edge of the magnet Center each pole piece on the magnet face Try to prevent the pole pieces from strik ing hard against the neodymium magnets because the impact may break or chip the magnets Thumbscrew Figure Magnet with Pole Pieces IZEIA 3 Magnetic Demonstration System About the Equipment EM 8642A Magnetic Force Accessory The Magnetic Force Accessory consists of the following components e Aluminum eddy current blades solid with slots and with slits for demonstrating magnetic induction and magnetic braking e Mounting rod for supporting the blades or the swing assembly e Swing assembly for demonstrating the magnetic force on a current carrying wire e Aluminum tube paramagnetic material e Glass rod diamagnetic material e Thread for suspending the aluminum tube and glass rod Eddy Current Theory Eddy currents are currents induced in a conductor when the conductor
4. is exposed to a changing magnetic field due to the relative motion of the conductor and the source of the magnetic field or due to variation of the magnetic field over time A circulating flow of electrons will form in the body of the conductor These circulating eddies of current generate a magnetic field that opposes the change of the original magnetic field as described by Lenz s law The opposing magnetic fields cause drag forces between the conductor and the magnet The drag forces cause magnetic braking Magnet Positioning The Variable Gap Magnet may be used in four different free standing positions or can be mounted on a support rod The following diagrams show the various positions The threaded hole in the base accepts a 1 2 12 7 mm threaded rod 13 thread per inch such as the PASCO ME 8988 25 cm Stainless Steel Rod The hole also accepts non threaded rods less than 12 7 mm 1 2 in diameter The thumbscrew on the side of the base holds the magnet in position on a non threaded rod ME 8988 25 cm SS Stainless Steel Rod SE 9444 Multi Clamp Upright Upside down un li On side T A i ME 9355 Large O Base and IS Figure Positions for the Variable Gap Magnet On support rod 4 IZEIA EM 8644B 012 12722A Demonstration 1 Magnetic Induction Demonstration 1 Magnetic Induction Equipment Needed
5. an iron base with adjustable magnet holders Two flat iron pole pieces are included to provide a uniform magnetic field when needed The gap between the faces of the two magnets can be varied from 0 5 cm to 8 9 cm by turning the adjustment screws The base has a threaded hole for mounting on a 12 7 mm diameter threaded support rod 1 2 diameter by 13 thread such as the PASCO ME 8988 25 cm Stainless Steel Threaded Rod The base can be mounted on a non threaded support rod that is less than 12 7 mm 1 2 in diameter using the thumbscrew on the side of the base The approximate magnetic field strength without the pole pieces in place is shown in Table 1 1 Note that the mag netic field strength may vary from magnet to magnet These sample measurements were taken with a Model 4048 F W Bell Gauss Tesla Meter Table 1 1 Gap cm Magnetic Field at Poles Magnetic Field between Poles tesla gauss tesla gauss 0 5 1 02 T 10200 G 1 00 T 10000 G 0 6 1 00 T 10000 G 0 95 T 9500 G 1 0 0 85 T 8500 G 0 75 T 7500 G 8 9 0 55 T 5500 G 0 35 T 3500 G The magnetic field is intense between the magnet faces but drops off to about 30 gauss at the outside edges of the magnets Nevertheless do not put the magnets close to magnetic media computer hard disks monitors or other items that would be harmed by an intense magnetic field Pole Pieces The flat iron pole pieces are 7 95 cm long 3 125 by 4 44 cm wide
6. e06 Instruction Manual 17 Cieie Magnete szer en stration System The EM 8644B Magnetic Demonstration System consists of the EM 8618 Variable Gap Magnet and the EM 8642A Magnetic Force Accessory You can use the components of the system to demonstrate magnetic induction the magnetic force on a current carrying wire diamagnetism and paramagnetism IZEIA Table of Contents Included MEMS PP 1 EM 8642A Magnetic Force Accessory and Recommended Equipment 2 pfe MP 2 About the Equipment tne cane eked ode Se ee wees acd bs Pe ae ey dra de 3 Demonstration 1 Magnetic Induction liliis 5 Demonstration 2 Magnetic Force on a Current Carrying Wire Swing 6 Demonstration 3 Diamagnetism and Paramagnetism 7 Technical Support Warranty and Copyright 000 cee ee eee ee eee 8 IZ X 1e1o ii Variable Gap Magnet iv IZEIA Magnetic Demonstration System EM 8644B Variable Gap Magnet EM 8618 Magnetic Force Accessory EM 8642A Adjustment Screw 2 Threaded Hole 1 2 by 13 thread EM 8618 Item EM 8618 Item Variable Gap Magnet Pole Piece 2 CAUTION STRONG MAGNETIC FIELD Do not put the magnets close within a few centimeters to any thing that would be harmed by a strong magnetic field such as magnetic media computer hard disks or monitors EZ Ie 1 Magnetic Demonstration System Introductio
7. etic Demonstration System the Variable Gap Magnet the Magnetic Force Accessory and the latest revision of this Instruction Manual visit the PASCO web site and enter EM 8644B EM 8618 or EM 8642A in the Search window Limited Warranty For a description of the product warranty see the PASCO catalog Copyright The PASCO scientific 012 12722A Magnetic Demonstration System Instruction Manual is copyrighted with all rights reserved Permission is granted to non profit educational institutions for reproduction of any part of this manual providing the repro ductions are used only in their laboratories and classrooms and are not sold for profit Reproduction under any other circumstances without the written consent of PASCO scientific is prohibited Trademarks PASCO and PASCO scientific are trademarks or registered trademarks of PASCO scientific in the United States and or in other countries All other brands products or service names are or may be trademarks or service marks of and are used to iden tify products or services of their respective owners For more information visit www pasco com legal 8 IZEIA
8. his equilibrium position but it takes longer than you will want to wait Instead use you hand to stop the glass rod in the equilibrium position perpendicular to the field Then to show that the rod is held in position by the magnetic field slowly rotate the magnet about the axis formed by the thread The glass rod will rotate always staying perpendicular to the magnetic field lines 2 Follow the same procedure for the aluminum tube the paramagnetic sample However instead of initially aligning it parallel to the magnetic field lines put the aluminum tube perpendicular to the field to show that it will rotate into an equilibrium position that is parallel to the magnetic field lines When the aluminum tube IZEIA 7 Magnetic Demonstration System Technical Support is in the equilibrium position rotate the magnet about the axis formed by the thread The aluminum tube will rotate with the magnet always staying parallel to the magnetic field lines Glass rod Aluminum tube j NS EASES Equilibrium Initial Initial Equilibrium pg Be position position position position Technical Support For assistance with any PASCO product contact PASCO at Address PASCO scientific 10101 Foothills Blvd Roseville CA 95747 7100 Phone 916 786 3800 worldwide 800 772 8700 U S Fax 916 786 7565 Web Www pasco com Email support pasco com For more information about the Magn
9. ic material is placed in a strong magnetic field it is possible to see that the material is repelled by the magnetic field On the other hand if a paramagnetic material is placed in a strong magnetic field it will be noticeably attracted to the magnetic field and will align itself with the field Setup 1 Tie pieces of thread included with the Magnetic Force Um E s ta Accessory around the middle of the glass rod and the it aluminum tube Secure the thread in place with a small Mount 4 ae NG ounting rod piece of tape to prevent the sample from slipping out of the thread loop 2 Use the adjustment screws to expand the gap of the end Variable Gap Magnet until the gap is about 3 8 cm 1 5 or slightly larger than the length of the glass rod and aluminum tube 3 Hang the glass rod from the mounting bar so that the rod is at the same level as the Variable Gap Magnet when the magnet is placed on its side 4 For large class viewing put the magnet and the large base on an overhead projector and focus the projector Figure Demo Setup on the glass rod The mounting bar will not obstruct the view because it will be out of focus Procedure 1 Forthe glass rod show that when you place the rod parallel to the magnetic field lines the rod rotates and oscillates about an equilibrium position which is perpendicular to the magnetic field lines of the magnet Eventually the glass rod will come to rest in t
10. n The EM 8618 Variable Gap Magnet is designed to be used with parts from the PASCO EM 8642A Magnetic Force Accessory EM 8642A Magnetic Force Accessory EM 8642A Items EM 8642A Items 1 Swing Assembly 2 Aluminum Tube 3 Glass Rod 4 Eddy Current Blade with Slits 5 Eddy Current Blade solid 6 Eddy Current Blade with Slots 7 Mounting Rod Spool of thread not shown See the PASCO catalog or Web site at www pasco com for more information about the EM 8642A Magnetic Force Accessory and other PASCO products The following PASCO equipment is recommended for use with the EM 8618 Variable Gap Magnet and the EM 8642A Magnetic Force Accessory Recommended Equipment Recommended Equipment ME 9355 Base and Support Rod SE 9720A Power Supply ME 8988 25 cm Stainless Steel Rod Threaded SE 9750 Banana Plug Patch Cords SE 9442 Multi Clamp SE 8645 Hand Crank Generator See the PASCO catalog or Web site at www pasco com for more information about PASCO labware and equipment Introduction Use the EM 8618 Variable Gap Magnet with the EM 8642A Magnetic Force Accessory to teach the concepts of magnetic induction diamagnetism paramagnetism and magnetic force on a current carrying wire 2 IZEIA EM 8644B 012 12722A About the Equipment About the Equipment Variable Gap Magnet The Variable Gap Magnet consists of two one inch 2 54 centimeter diameter neodymium magnets on
11. n move back and forth 4 Connect a power supply or a hand crank generator to the top part of the holes in the mounting rod Procedure 1 Turnon the power supply and adjust the current so that the swing moves forward or backward The direction that the swing will move depends on the direc tion of the current and the orientation of the magnetic field EN gbxB Reverse the position of the patch cords on the mounting rod The swing should move in the opposite direction You can also demonstrate the dependence of the direction of the swing movement on the direction of the current if you include a double pole double throw switch DPDT in the circuit NOTE It is possible to use the SE 8645 Mini Generator as the power source in this demonstration It is easy to reverse the current by simply reversing the direction that the Mini Generator is cranked Patch cords to power supply Swing assembly J3 The current carrying swing moves due to the magnetic force Figure Demo Setup IZEIA EM 8644B 012 12722A Demonstration 3 Diamagnetism and Demonstration 3 Diamagnetism and Paramagnetism Equipment Needed Equipment Needed Variable Gap Magnet EM 8618 Large Base and Rod ME 9355 Magnetic Force Accessory EM 8642A Tape Introduction Compared to ferromagnetism diamagnetism and paramagnetism are weak effects However when a diamagnet
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