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ATARI 400/800 - APPLE IIgs hardware

1. Enable Pin Binary Decode A A S A A A Active Device 1 1 6 1 9 8 Pin Selected 2 1 4 0 2 1 6 5 3 1 L 1 YO 5 L L H Not Used H L H L Y2 3 POKEY H L H H 12 YA 11 Not Used H i L H Y5 10 External Select Y6 9 Not Used Y7 8 Not Used ATARI Personal Computers 4 3 3 Motherboard Console System 800 The 800 Console Motherboard contains the POKEY chip A101 the PIA chip A102 the Keyboard Key In Key Out analog multiplexers 2103 7104 the I O Decoder 7101 Bidirectional Data Buffers 7105 and 2106 the controller jacks 07101 through 07104 the Keyboard connector jack J106 the left and right Program Cartridge jacks J108 and J109 the CPU connector jack J101 the ROM Personality connector jack J107 and the RAM Memory connector jacks 2102 2103 J104 See Figures 4 7 and 4 8 Refer to the descriptions provided in paragraph 4 3 2 Console Motherboard 400 for items similar in both the 400 and 800 Console Motherboards The following paragraphs will describe those items unique to the 800 Console Motherboard 4 3 3 1 Bidirectional Data Buffer The Bidirectional Data Buffers 7105 and 7106 7415243 quad transceivers commonly referred to as tristate buffers Tri
2. ACK COMMER TR JACK Ik DICA TOR LED HAND CONTROLLER START CHANNEL SET SWITCH zr SELECT POWER STSTEM SWITCH SWITCH SWS TERA JATE Figure 1 5 ATARI 800 Computer Console Side View provided as a standard feature with the 800 Computer Console The Program Cartridge when inserted in the Computer Cartridge slot pro vides a self paced learning tool The Program prompts the student with instructions when to load additional information from the Program Cassette Recorder 1 8 OPTIONAL EQUIPMENT The list of optional equipment is broken up into two catagories optional peripheral devices and accessory units The following is a list of the equipment in each of these catagories some items not yet available call ATARI for details PERIPHERALS ATARI 410 Program Cassette Recorder ATARI 810 Disk Drive ATARI 815 Dual Disk Drive Double Density ATARI 820 Printer 40 Column Impact ATARI 822 Thermal Printer 40 Column ATARI 825 Printer 80 Column Impact ATARI 830 Acoustic Modem ATARI 850 Interface Module 1 10 System Service Manual ACCESSORIES 852 8K RAM Memory Module CX853 16K RAM Memory Module CX70 ATARI Light Pen CX30 04 Paddle Controller Pair CX40 04 Joystick Controller Pair CX81 ATARI I O Data Cord 3 feet CX86 Printe
3. BPBWWWWNHNNNNNEFR RFE 00 UWE UN da N Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Tabl Tabl Tabl Tabl TABLES Tabl 5 17 59 18 519 5220 53235 22 5 23 5 24 5 25 5 26 5 245 5 28 Table 1 1 1 le 1 2 AT le 4 1 le 4 2 le 4 3 le 5 1 400 400 400 400 400 800 800 800 800 800 800 800 Console Console Console Console Console Console Console Console Console Console Console Console Top Cover Re Keyboard Rem Power Supply Module Assem moval oval bly Removal Bottom Cover Screw Location Cartridge Door Assembly Removal Bottom Cover Keyboard Rem Module Assem Power Supply oval Removal bly Removal Removal CPU Printed Circuit Board Removal Motherboard TARI 400 Computer Console TARI 800 Computer Console PIA Register Selection and Function Memory Map Select Lines I O Decoder Select Lines Troubleshooting Guide Removal Specifications Specifications 5 31 5 32 5882 5 35 5 36 5537 5 38 5 39 5 40 5 41 5 41 5 42 1 11 1 12 4 10 4 12 4 13 5 18 CHAPTER 1 GENERAL INFORMATION The di INTRODUCTION This 400 800 System Service Manual is a reference guide for the serv ice technician The information presented in this manual when used in con
4. gt Aiti ia Figure 3 3 Special Graphics Using the ESC Key ATARI Personal Computers 3 5 02 558588 2682 0090000000000 8000080000000 0 EROOOCCOOOGS Figure 3 4 SHIFT Keyboard and Key Combination Screen Editing Functions SHIFT CLEAR or CTRL CLEAR When held down simultaneously erases all characters on the screen and moves the cursor to the home position at the upper left corner of the screen CTRL and the UP arrow DOWN arrow RIGHT arrow LEFT arrow These cursor control functions move the cursor on the screen in the direction shown by the arrows on the keytops When you move the cursor over a letter that letter is shown in inverse video on the Screen When you move the cursor away from it using the cursor controls the letter is unchanged If you put the cursor over a character and then push another character key the new character will replace the one previously shown SHIFT and INSERT This combination of keys creates a space for a new line by rnoving the logical line containing the cursor and all lines below it down one line The information on the bottom line of the screen that is pushed off will be lost CTRL and INSERT This combination of keys creates a space for a new character by moving the character under the cursor to the right The rest of the line also shifts to the right The cursor remains on the space which is now available for the new character System Serv
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6. 400 800 Service Manual 1 GENERAL INFORMATION N Co Ww Introduction ATARI 400 800 Computer Console Description How to use this Manual General Information Installation System Operation Functional Description Maintenance Spare Parts List and Ordering Reporting information Changes to this Manual 4 1 Notice of Changes Page 4 2 List of Effective Pages 4 3 Reader Comment Form Safety Related documentation ATARI 400 800 Computer Consoles Physical Description Optional Equipment Specifications No CHAPTER 2 ATARI 400 800 COMPUTER INSTALLATION 1 2 3 4 6 8 9 1 Introduction Unpacking Connecting the TV Switch Box Connecting the Program Cassette Recorder Connecting the AC Power Adapter Inserting Program Cartridge Connecting Television Monitor Connecting the ATARI 810 and 815 Disk Drive Connecting the ATARI 820 and 822 Printer 0 Using the ATARI 850 Interface Module 2 10 1 Connecting the ATARI 850 Interface Module 2 10 2 Connecting the ATARI 825 Printer 2 10 3 Connecting the ATARI 830 Acoustic Modem CHAPTER 3 SYSTEM OPERATION 3 zal v2 3 3 3 3 4 Program Cartridge System Keys 5 6 3 3 3 Introduction System Power Up 2 1 System Power Up without Disk Drive 2 2 System Power Up with Disk Drive 3 K
7. e 2102 Used to receive data from POKEY chip translate the information and send it to the keyboard e 2101 Used to receive data from the keyboard translate the information and send it to the POKEY chip 7104 Used to decode RASTIME and R 4V Late signals A111 Used as buffers for video and lum lines Also part of the Power ON Reset Gircuit e 7103 2015 Used to decode Memory Map for computer A103 A104 A105 Used to hold Operating System and some BASIC Language programs Use only known good chips and leave substituted chips in the printed circuit board until the failing chip is identified e Test printed circuit board in system after each chip is replaced to determine if failure continues Before a chip is changed or a board is added or removed to from the System power the system down 5527 System Service Manual Figure 5 15 ATARI Personal Computers A101 A102 21014 2102 4 400 Console Motherbgard Locations 00000000000000000000000000 Figure 5 16 800 Console Motherboard Locations 800 Motherboard e A101 POKEY chip Used to control POT lines audio signal keyboard information lines as well as printer and floppy control lines The PORT Test indicates a defective POKEY chip by displaying 1 in Rows G H in any position e A102 PIA chip Used to control joystick lines and Program Cassette Recorder control Lines The PORT Test indicates a PIA c
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9. Refer to Figure 5 4 for screen display appropriate to this test Screen is divided into eight equal horizontal bars The shading begins with the horizontal bar at the top of the screen being black and increments gradually to the bottom horizontal bar being white The top four horizontal bars can be noticeably different in color shade than the bottom four horizontal bars 5 10 System Service Manual Figure 5 4 Graybar Test Screen Display COLORBAR TEST 1 Enter Command Letter carriage return or spacebar 2 Refer to Figure 5 5 for the correct screen display for the Color Bar Test Between the top gray bar on the screen and the reference gray bar near the bottom of the screen ar fifteen color bars developing a rainbow effect The color bars directly above and below the gray reference bar should be identicalr both bars green tint 3 If the color bars directly above and below the reference bar are n ot identical proceed with the C olor Bar Adjustment procedures that follow If the color bars are identical then the Video Test is Complete and proceed to the RAM TEST Colorbar Adjustment Procedure 1 The 400 Console should remain powered up and the Color Bar Test entered 2 The 800 Console must be powered down and the Cartridge Door assem bly removed proceed as follows ATARI Personal Computers 5 11 Figure 5 5 Color Bar Test Screen Display Set System Power
10. board A series of tones from the computer indicates that the program is being transferred When the tape stops the program has been transferred from the cassette tape to the computer Press STOP EJECT on the Program Recorder ATARI Personal Computers 3 9 CHAPTER 4 FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION 4 1 INTRODUCTION The following paragraphs provide a fuctional block diagram discussion of the ATARI 400 and 800 Computer Console Systems The first paragraphs will describe the overall system using a simple block diagram discussion of the major fuctional modules Later sections provide a more detailed discussion of each of these major functional modules For greatest convenience all the Figures referred to in this Chapter have been placed together at the end of the Chapter 4 2 The ATARI 400 and 800 Computer Console Systems The ATARI 400 and 800 Computer Consoles are made up of seven major functional modules Refer to Figure 4 1 e Motherboard CPU Printed Circuit Board ROM Personality Printed Circuit Board Operation System RAM Memory Printed Circuit Board e Keyboard e Power Supply e Program Cartridges The printed circuit boards plug into sockets on the Motherboard utilizing common Address Bus Data Bus and clock lines The various power requirements are routed from the Power Supply through the Motherhoard to all the printed circuit boards The Keyboard connects directly
11. 2 4 CONNECTING THE PROGRAM CASSETTE RECORDER The ATARI 410 Program Cassette Recorder resembles an ordinary audio cassette recorder Its playback and recording levels have been perma nently set at the correct volume for use with the ATARI Computer Consoles Carefully unpack the Program Cassette Recorder from its container careful to save all packing material for storage and shipment Plug the data cord permanently attached to the recorder into the jack labeled PERIPHERAL on the side panel of the ATARI Console see Figure 2 2 ATARI Personal Computers 2 3 NOTE When the Program Cassette Recorder is used in conjun ction with other peripheral devices the Program Cassette Recorder has to be plugged into to the I O Connector jack on the other peripheral device daisy chained Plug the recorder power cord into the jack labeled AC on the side of the recorder and into an ordinary wall socket ATARI Personal Computers 2 3 2 5 CONNECTING THE AC POWER ADAPTER The Power Adapter supplies low voltage 9V AC required by the Main Power Switch on the side of the the Consoles Check to see that the computer consoles is OFF Plug the AC Power Adapter into any 115 Vac outlet ordinary house current Plug the end of the AC Power Adapter cable into the jack labeled POWER IN on the side panel of the computer console see Figure 2 2 2 6 INSERTING PROGRAM CARTRIDGES ATARI Program Ca
12. PACK 2 Replace RF Cable immediately Replace Pare der wba Replace RF Cable immediately RF cable KEYBOARD TEST Key depressed not displayed Motherboard Key depressed not same Or 2 key that appeaes on Keyboard Screen e Characters begin scrolling across screen STAND ALONE TEST System Error can not Cartridge Guide power up with Stand Alone RAM Memory Board 2 Test Cartridge inserted e Fails Any Video Test CPU Board 2 e Fails Color Bar test e Fails Gray Bar test e Fails Port test Motherboard 2 Fails RAM Test RAM Memory Board 2 e Fails Tone Test 2 PICTURE QUALITY TEST Herringbone screen Power Supply 3 Snowy picture or no RF Cable 3 picture Power Supply 25 e Blurred picture RAM Memory Board 3 e White Dot Pattern on screen usually vertical pattern CPU Board 3 e Picture upside down when running programmed software Program Cartridge Power LED not ON and Power Supply 2 picture Screen oscillation wgen Motherboard needs 2 using Paddle Controller Engineer Will not perform math CPU Board 2 calculations 5 4 1 Troubleshooting Procadure Number One This troubleshooting procedure is intended to be Console System fails to power up correctly Sympt followed when th oms include Green Screen Black Screen Random Characters
13. wm ino o1any MOLINO NI 7081405 YOLOW NI20129 NI Viva viva 96S v I SWHO NI SHOLSIS3H TIV 8 ONVWNO2 SuOLI2VdYO 77 20332044 831312345 38 3 10 SSJINN 71 2 310N 1408831 21 5 QN9 Y 2025 1025 iz HOLIMS Mod X901831NI 0 0129 6022 coe 85 6122 22754272 22 80285 0283 90249 1027 vs NI goer 2 c AlddNS YAMOd 008 ANVD sng viva 508 553 00 508 viva 508 553 00 33HLOW OL 4 40 Fig 4 19 CARTRIDGE SCHEMATIC Fig 4 20 3522555515 22921921225 au 4 41 CHAPTER 5 MAINTENANCE 5 1 INTRODUCTION The following paragraphs provide instructions on the proper care and maintenance of the 400 800 Consoles Included will be a section on preventive maintenance covering normal cleaning and inspection a section on troubleshooting the 400 800 Consoles to detect an error causing component and a section containing disassembly and assembly instructions NOTE Printed circuit boards containing integrated circuits can be damaged by static charges in their plastic packaging or by handling in normal work environments It is necessary to establish a static free work station A work station
14. 1 line goes high to interrupt the microprocessor to indicate that data is available on the peripheral 1 0 port The microprocessor reads the data on the input data line SID on the POKEY chip 3 When the microprocessor has finished reading the available data it signals the peripheral device by setting the CS2 line low ATARI Personal Computers 4 11 4 3 2 3 Key OUT Integrated Circuits These two 4051 2101 and Z102 integrated circuits are used to scan the Keyboard for input data the 400 800 Computer Consoles The 4051 integrated circuits are analog multiplexers controlled by the input lines A B and A binary count between 0 and 7 is applied to the input lines A B and C pins 9 10 and 11 to select one of the output lines XO X7 The eight possible inputs on each 4051 chip allows a maximum of 64 keys to be scanned the 400 and 800 keyboards both contain 57 keys When a key is scanned and found depressed the output line X pin 3 goes low to signal the POKEY chip to stop the count The value present on lines KO through K5 of the POKEY chip is sent to the microprocessor The microprocessor uses a look up table to determine the Keyboard character depressed 4 3 2 4 Memory Map Decoder The Memory Map Decoder integrated circuit Z103 on the 400 Motherboard is a one of ten decoder Four input lines pins 12 13 14 and 15 determine which output line is selected The
15. 13538 NO 4 008 IJ V1V 93908 un d aow ONIWWnS 1081402 ORA 0102 3DN3NIWNT sns viva sna ssauaqv amoy INOD 3104 4 ANOW3W e 1031405 1304 1 35 NI OlQnv 1 333309 31157141 Fig 4 7 134205 133205 Quvos 3wvo 133206 quvos 5834 133205 Quvos wy 134205 Quvos 133206 Quvos g n MA E 1 800 MOTHER BOARD Fig 4 8a 4 28 619 0619 4OLOW ONVWWOD 9335054 100 viva 2072 100 92072 85 100 1 2 ATddNS H3MOd 01 438 0612 anf 4 4187 9915 2815 2 39vd a Ke et Jg 2 029 FET set bi WOH 5 2 1007 0301 XZ 100 8212 2112 1 ule O04v xe 568 6 91 1701 6112 4 29 S3HOLIMS 01 n 1 004 1 p qr
16. 5 2 1 PCB Contact Cleaning and Lubrication The following steps detail the procedures required to clean lubricate the PCB contacts on the CPU and memory PCBs once they have been removed from the motherboard and Refer to paragraphs 5 5 and 5 6 for disassembly instructions and paragraphs 5 7 and 5 8 for assembly instructions Tools Required o Board C leaning B rush Lubriplate DS ES Lubricant ZEP Safety Solvent or Isopropyl Alcohol o Dust Free Cloth o Acid Brush Procedure 1 Inspect the PCB contacts for flux dirt foreign material and deeply serated contact fingers 2 Moisten the dust free cloth in the ZEP solvent and clean the fin ger contacts on the PCB ensure that both sides of the contacts are clean of residual lubricant NOTE Avoid touching the contacts on the PCB after cleaning 3 If corrosion or residue remains on the contacts it will be neces sary to clean the contacts further using the board cleaning brush The proper procedure is as follows o After moistening the board cleaning brush with ZEP cleaning solvent firmly brush the contacts on the PCB four to six strokes will do Care must be taken to avoid contact between the brush and any other portion of the printed circuit board Again clean the finger contacts of the PCB with the dust Dip acid brush in lubriplate Apply even coating of obscure visibility of contact fingers free lu
17. ATARI Personal Computers KEYBOARD Figure 5 24 800 Console Keyboard Removal 5 Access to CPU Printed Circuit Board refer to Figure 5 27 e Set Module Assembly on its back Remove nine screws no 6 32x5 8 from Lower Shield e Lift Motherboard and Lower Shield out of aluminum casting e Remove CPU printed circuit board 6 Access to Motherboard refer to Figure 5 28 Carefully slide screwdriver underneatn Motherboard next to nylon clip Gently raise handle of screwdriver prying off Repeat operation for other three nylon clips e Lift Motherboard off Lower Shield CAUTION Be careful not to bend any of the pins on the Motherboard Connector 5 39 System Service Manual Remove the plastic Cartridge Guide by unhooking the four latches from bottom side of Motherboard MODULE ASSEMBLY KEYBOARD RIBBON CABLE HARNESS Figure 5 25 800 Console Module Assembly Removal 5 7 ASSEMBLY 400 COMPUTER CONSOLE The following paragraphs outline the steps required to re assemble the 400 Computer Console and its related printed Circuit boards 1 Module Assembly re assembly refer to Figure 5 21 e Snap Cartridge Guide into Motherboard only goes one way e Insert RAM Memory bQard and CPU printed circuit board into Motherboard with compQnent side of PCB to the rear Before re assembling PCBs be sure that they have been cleaned and lubricatedr refer to paragraph 5 2 1 CAUTION D
18. PART MFR PART CONNECT JUMPERS D o t x z x 5 2221994 844 5 z 5 PER 5 5 138 1 318 3 HE 144 5538 5 m ec 092 B voez 11111 569102 182521945 531242 88 R W LATE Fig 4 12 4 33 WVa OIWVNAQ 7 91 1 SdIHD 8 53553 0 NI Viva 933309 31 15 1 viva UNDYDD Av130 123135 508 553 00 sng 553 00 sng HS33433 gt 9 4 34 Fig 4 13 n s e te 31v a u Ni 500451534 TIV 8 4 SuOLIDY4YO Tv v 031412345 3S MM3M1O 1 1 310N ov av 1 ev ov gt 2161 188105 9061 1887105 167109 x 5 8041 ziv 4 35 5235335262232 111121 4 gt 88918191 1 89102 wiosz 9 9v 5 ev muse 135 49 s0 to ig 4 14 Fi H3H1OW 01 66 zoz r 102 1vii
19. POWER PERIPHERAL INDICATOR LED CONNECTOR JACK OPTION SWITCH SYSTEM RESIT SWITCH Figure 1 4 ATARI 400 Computer Console Side View minute cassette for the Consoles The Program Cassette Recorder plugs into the peripheral serial I O port The Program Cassette Recorder has two channels a data channel for video display and an audio channel Prerecorded tape contains an audio track that allows narration and music to accompany the tapes using the television Speakers Programs recorded by the user onto cassette tape can only record on the data channel There are six control buttons on the Program Cassette Recorder from left to right they are Record Rewind Play Advance fast forward Stop Eject Tape Counter Reset Button Pause Available on some models The BASIC Program Catridge provided as a standard feature with both the 400 and 800 Computer Consoles contains the ATARI BASIC Interpreter When plugged into the Console Cartridge Slot one cartridge slot in the 400 Console left cartridge slot in the 800 Console the user can write programs in BASIC programming lanquage Programs written by the user are stored in the Console s RAM memory and are erased when power is turned off The BASIC Program Cartridge is marked LEFT CARTRIDGE indicating insertion in the left cartridge slot only An ATARI Educational System Program Cartridge and cassette tapes are ATARI Personal Computers 1 9
20. 4 3 5 RAM Memory Boards The ATARI 400 and 800 Computers come equipped with either 8K or 16K RAM memory boards The 8K and 16K RAM memory boards are the same except for the 8K or 16K ememory chips and the addition of connector jumpers on the 8K RAM memory boards See Figures 4 11 4 12 4 13 and 4 14 To address 8K of memory requires thirteen bits and to address 16K of memory requires fourteen bits The 8K RAM Memory board contains jumpers that are connected depending upon which RAM chip is installed on the board The jumper makes up bit of the thirteen bit address Figure 4 12 contains a jumper table detailing which connection to make for each type of RAM memory chip 4 3 6 Power Supply The 400 and 800 Power Supply have identical circuitry with a few exceptions See Figures 4 15 through 4 18 The Console Power Supplies receive 9Vac J204 and J206 400 and 800 respectively from the external power adapter transformer and provides 5Vdc 12Vdc and 5Vdc for the Console Both the 400 and 800 Power Supplies have two power ON OFF switches 5202 and S203 for the 400 Console and 5201 and S202 for the 800 Console S202 and S201 respectively are Power Interlock switches Whenever the Program Cartridge door is opened the Power Interlock switch removes power from the system 4 16 System Service Manual The RF signal is generated in both the 400 and 800 Power Supplies from the MOD signal received from the Motherboard I
21. If replacing the Power Supply did not correct the poor picture quality problem refer to Troubleshooting Procedure Number Two 5 4 4 Integrated Circuit Replacement Procedures The results recorded during the System Check Out procedures can pin point a failing integrated circuit on a printed circuit board Indi cations from the System Check Out can point to failing integrated circuits on three ATARI Personal Computers 5 23 separated printed circuit boards the motherboard the CPU PCB and the RAM Memory PCB Previous Troubleshooting paragraphs Procedures One Two and Three have already isolated a failing printed circuit board The following paragraphs will provide additional information to isolate the failing integrated circuit Chips RAM MEMORY BOARD The test results and chip replacement procedures are the same for either the 8K or 16K RAM Memory boards Chip replacement for both the 8K board and 16K board will be the same all boards will be repaired with 16K chips This procedure assumes that the RAM Memory board has already been cleaned and lubricated according to the procedures outlined in para graph 5 2 1 If this has not been doner do so at this time and rerun the System Check Out to verify a failing RAM Memory board Before beginning to replace chips check both 7415158 chips 2503 and 2504 to ensure that they are identical refer to Figures 5 12 and 5 13 for reference e Same Date Codes e Same Manu
22. Module RF 400 Miscellaneous Parts Kit 800 Miscellaneous Parts 410 Program Cassette Recorder Diagnostic Test Stand Alone Test Cartridge Serial Port Jumper Assembly Controller Port Jumper Assembly Supplies Board Cleaning Brush Aud Brush Lubriplate DS ES Dust Free Cloth Torque Seal Quantity 014313 014345 014341 014341 010174 014347 014362 PPP 014769 014768 12952 01 CAO14031 CAO14851 CAO11840 CAO14748 CO10177 CO14387 CO14349 CO14348 CAO12174 E ho E 1 15644 15639 15638 1 1 errr System Service Manual INDEX A AC Power Adapter 1 7 Any Video Test 5 9 Assembly Assembly 400 Computer Console 5 40 800 Computer Console 5 44 ATARI LOGO 3 3 ATARI 400 800 Computer Console Description 1 1 ATARI 400 800 Computer Consoles Installation 2 1 ATARI 400 800 Computer Consoles Physical Description 1 7 ATARI 410 Program Cassette Recorder 3 7 B BASIC Program Cartridge 1 9 BREAK 3 4 CAPS LOWR 3 3 CAUTION Statement 1 6 Changes to this Manual 1 4 CLR SET TAB 3 4 Colorbar Adjustment 5 11 Colorbar Test 5 10 Connecting Television Monitor 2 4 Connecting Connecting Connecting Connecting Connecting Connecting Connecting Connecting Controller CTRL 3 4 D
23. R RAM Test 5 13 Reader Comment Form 1 4 Related Documentation 1 6 Replace RF Cable 5 23 RETURN 3 4 5 Safety 1 6 Screen Editing Functions 3 5 SELECT 3 7 SHIFT 3 3 Shock Test 5 5 Spare Parts List 6 1 Spare Parts List and Ordering Reporting Information Special Tools Required 5 7 Specifications 1 11 Stand Alone Test Diagnostic 5 7 START 3 7 Static Free Work Station 5 1 System Check Out 5 3 System Operation 1 3 3 1 System Power Up 3 1 System Power Up With Disk Drive 3 2 System Power Up Without Disk Drive 3 1 SYSTEM RESET 3 7 Tech Tips 1 4 Test Equipment 1 1 Tone Test 5 16 Transfer a Program to Cassette Tape 3 8 Transfer a Program from Tape to Computer 3 9 Troubleshooting Procedure Number One 5 20 Troubleshooting Procedure Number Three 5 23 Troubleshooting Procedure Number Two 5 21 Troublestnuoting Guide 5 17 TV Switch Box 1 7 U Unpacking 2 1 Using the ATARI 850 Interface Module 2 8 V Video Tests 5 9 Visually Inspecting the Computer Gonsoles 5 3 ATARI Personal Computers I 3 W WARNING Statement 1 6 With Program Cartridge 3 1 Without Program Cartridge 3 1 Revised amp updated by jer 2013 28 03 I 4 System Service Manual
24. in the paragraph heading The first digit is always the same as the number of the chapter Third and forth level paragraphs contain lower case letters and numbers in parentheses respectively in the paragraph heading Paragraghs are referenced in text by their number e g 5 4 2 a nd 5 4 9c Figures and tables are numbered sequentially on a chapter basis The first digit of a figure or table number is always the numbe r of the chapter Tables appear one time following their first reference in text 1 2 System Service Manual Figures also appear one time after their first reference in text unless repeating the figure is easier than having the reader refer back 1 3 1 General Information This chapter contains a general description of the ATARI 400 800 Com puter Consoles a physical description of the system dimensions weights and operating specifications and a summary of the periph ral equipment used with the system All system operating features and options are described This chapter also contains general information such as the scope of the manual and how to use the information in it Also it provides safety precautions unique to the ATARI 400 800 Computer Systems and a listing of related documents 1 3 2 Installation Chapter 2 contains detailed procedures for unpacking system setup and initialization checkout and repacking 1 3 3 System Operation Chapter 3 contains procedures for syst
25. 4 14 System Service Manual 401 and A403 contain the I O subsystem interrupt processing initialization Power Up and Reset The 2K ROM chip A402 contains the floating point arithmetic package I O Subsystem The I O subsystem contained in the ROM Operating System provides a high level interface between the user programs and the Console and peripheral hardware All peripheral devices capable of dealing with character data have symbolic names such as K D P E and may be accessed using a Central I O CIO routine Interrupt Processing All hardware interrupts are handled by the interrupt subsystem in the Operating System Vectored addresses contained in RAM memory point to subroutines in ROM to handle each type of interrupt Initialization There are two levels of initialization provided by the system Power Up and Reset Power Up initialization is performed each time the system power is turned on and Reset initialization is performed each time the Reset key is pressed Whenever system power is turned on the Operating System examines and notes the configuration of the unit The Operating System performs the following actions at Power Up Determines the highest RAM address Clears all RAM to zeroes e Establishes all RAM interrupt vectors Initializes the ROM Cartridges e Sets up the video screen 24 x 40 text mode e Boots the cassette if desired Checks ROM
26. 49001 0412 90 a ped Fig 4 8b 9180109 9612 Sel 2512 QYVO8 YSHLOW 008 sov vow 1 sory 1531 015 21 39vd 008 Q3vO8 553 6123135 123135 8333 8 1 0 508 55380 sng viva I m 2 gt 20 4 30 Fig 4 9 6682102 0 WOM 2 219 85 52 6672100 82 52 ny ow ev a 9v ev bv ev ov 10 sa sa o 605762 52 52 ny ow 6v av 5 0 10 toOto 508 553848 008 903909 ALITVNOSH3d 4 31 i 3 115 44 siv bS M Y veo i oiv lev 4 10 w sv v 40 90 zo 10 QN9 WYN DIWVNAG 38 SdIHD 8 333309 3191 NI Viva 1no viva 112315 AVv130 SINN SS3300V NDYO Av130 3X31dILINW30 5 123135 p HS33333 318 3 NOIL23S 33H1OW OL 4 32 Fig 4 11 8K RAM
27. 55 8 06 62 82 44 9 SZ vc c 44 12 VDD All 9 8 7 6 5 4 2 DI D2 D3 Ph RES D7 D 05 04 5V Power Address Bus Address Bus Address Bus Address Bus Address Bus Address Bus Address Bus Phase 2 Clock Data Bus Data Bus Data Bus Data Bus Phase 0 Clock Fast Phase Clock Reset Data Bus Data Bus Data Bus Data Bus 4 25 Address Bus Address Bus Ground Data Bus Data Bus Data Bus Data Bus Trigger 0 Trigger Trigger 2 Trigger 3 Console Sw 0 Console Sw 1 Console Sw 2 Console Sw 3 PAL Colr Delay Color Delay Alphanum Data 0 Alphanum Data 1 Alphanum Data 2 Al VSS D3 D2 DI T T2 T3 54 51 52 53 DEL ANO 1 2 O0 17 18 19 20 Figure 4 6 Pin Assignments of ATARI Custom Chips POKEY ANTIC and CTIA CITA page 3 of 3 07 65 85 Ze 96 St vt 55 26 06 62 82 22 92 SZ vc c 22 12 COL d LUM 1 LUM 2 CSYNC osc 2 52 51 R W D7 06 05 D4 A4 A3 A2 Color Luminance 0 Output Luminance 1 Output Luminance 2 Output Output Sync HALT Power Oscillator Input Clock out Phase 2 Input Chip Select 2 Chip Select 1 Read Write Data Bus Data Bus Data Bus Data Bus Address Bus Address Bus Address Bus 4 26 4 27 VILE
28. DMA the ANTIC chip also generates DMA addresses for the refresh REF signal of the system dynamic RAM memory The ANTIC chip steals cycles from the 6502 processor to do memory refresh and fetch graphics data when needed Each byte of data fetched from memory requires one machine cycle Memory refresh takes nine cycles out of every video display line unless pre empted by a high resolution graphics mode Memory refresh continues during vertical blank Once memory refresh starts on a line it occurs every four cycles unless pre empted by DMA Graphics data retreived from memory via the ANTIC DMA process is routed to the CTIA graphics registers A color luminance register is contained on the CTIA chip and as the serial graphic data passes through the CTIA chip it is impressed with color and luminance values contained in these registers before being sent to the video display Priority is assigned to all objects by the CTIA chip before the serial graphics data is sent to the video display 4 3 2 Motherboard Console System 400 The 400 Console Motherboard contains the POKEY chip A101 the PIA chip 102 the ROM Personality chips A103 A104 105 the Keyboard Key In Key Out analog multiplexers the Memory Map Decoder 2103 the controller jacks J101 through J104 the CPU connector jack J110 and the Keyboard connector jack J105 See Figures 4 4 4 5 ATARI Personal Computers 4 7 Inte
29. ESC 3 4 the Power Adapter 2 4 the ATARI 810 and 815 Disk Drive 2 7 the ATARI 820 and 822 Printer 2 7 the ATARI 825 Printer 2 10 the ATARI 830 Acoustic Modemr 2 10 the ATARI 850 Interface Module 2 9 the Program Cassette Recorderl 2 3 the TV Switch Box 2 2 Port Jumper 5 7 Disassembly 400 Computer Console 5 30 Disassembly 800 Computer Console 5 33 Disk File Manager 3 2 Display Option 5 9 ATARI Personal Computers 1 1 Functional Description 1 3 4 1 G General Information 1 1 1 3 Graybar Test 5 10 H How to Use This Manual 1 2 I Inserting Program Cartridges 2 4 Installation 1 3 Integrated Circuit Replacement Procedures 5 24 Introduction 1 1 2 1 3 1 5 1 6 1 K Keyboard and Screen Editor Functions 3 2 Keyboard Test 5 6 List of Effective Pages 1 4 Maintenance 1 3 5 1 Memo Pad Test 5 3 Motherboard 5 28 N NOTE Statement 1 6 Notice of Changes Page 1 4 O Operation of Operation of OPTION 3 7 Optional Equipment 1 10 Hand Controllers 3 7 the Program Recorder 3 7 Fh Fh Paragraph Headings 1 2 PCB Contact Cleaning and Lubricationr Peripheral Port Jumper 5 7 Picture Quality Test 5 5 Port Test 5 15 Power Supply Replacement 5 24 Preventive Maintenance 5 1 Program Cartridge 3 1 Program Cartridge System Keys 3 7 Program Cassette Recorder 1 9 1222 System Service Manual
30. ON OFF switch to OFF Open Cartridge Door Rotate Cartridge door clamps to the outside Raise Cartridge Door assembly 1 4 inch then pull towards you and lift off Use small flat blade screwdriver to depress Interlock switch Set System Power ON OFF switch to ON Initialize Color Bar test to display screen format Turn the Console 180 degrees to provide access to the back of the Console Refer to Figure 5 6 for the 400 ConsoleT and to Figure 5 7 for the 800 Console when performing the following steps Insert a small No 1 flat blade screwdriver or an electronic adjustment tool into the plastic grating of the 400 Console or into the access hole of the 800 Consolet until it conta ts the variable resistor 5 12 System Service Manual Adjust the variable resister until the two color bars are identical 5 Once adjusted reassemble the 800 Console and proceed to the RAM Test If unable to adjust the color bars refer to paragraph 5 4 Troubleshooting COLOR BAR ADJUSTMENT HOLE Figure 5 6 400 Console Color Adjustment RAM TEST The RAM Test utilizes six different tests to verify the operation of the RAM Memory boards The RAM Test checks the RAM memory in 8K blocks The number of 8K blocks is entered as part of the command sequence If you enter a number indicating less memory than actually installed the diagnostic program will only check the memory indicated A maximum of 32K of RAM memory can be checked In ord
31. chip used to generate phase 1 2 clocks as well as processing HALT commands e 2301 This is 741502 chip used to help in the generation of the phase 1 and 2 clocks helps with the processing of HALT commands and Read Write signals Use only known good chips and leave substituted chips in the printed circuit board until the failing chip is identified e Test printed circuit board in system after each chip is replaced to determine if failure continues ATARI Personal Computers 5 26 e Before a chip is changed or a board is added to or removed from the system power the system down 5 4 5 Motherboards The 400 and 800 Motherboards contains several integrated circuits with many diverse functions Each of the integrated circuits is explained briefly to let you choose the correct chip to replace If the replacement of a chip does not correct the problem then replac the chips in the order that they are presented Refer to Figures 5 15 and 5 16 400 Motherboard A101 Used to control lines audio signal keyboard information lines as well as printer and floppy control lines POKEY chip The PORT Test indicates a defective POKEY chip by displaying a 1 in Rows G H I or J in any position e 1102 Used to control joystick lines and Program Cassette Recorder control lines PIA chip The PORT Test indicates a PIA chip by displaying 1 in Rows E in any position
32. hand controller accessories Receives the lines from the four control switches to the right of the Keyboard Option Selects a variation of the Program Cartridge Select Selects a different portion of the Program Cartridge Start Starts a program usually on the Program Cartridge System Reset Resets the system e Generates video signals to be processed by the Motherboard before being sent to R F Module on the Power Supply pcb 4 2 3 ROM Personality pcb The ROM Personality pcb contains in read only memory ROM the program of operating instructions for the microprocessor Two 4K ROMs contain the Operating System and one 2K ROM contains arithmetic functions for use with BASIC programming Information is retreived from the ROMs by addressing a particular location on the ROM using the Address bus The data contained in that location is placeed on the Data Bus to be read by the microprocessor The ROM Personality pcb also provides the Chip Select signals used to select the various LSI chips throughout the Console system and for the bidirectional data buffers on the Motherboard 4 2 4 RAM pcb The RAM Random Access or Read Write Memory pcb performs the function of temporary data storage for the System The RAM is dynamic RAM requiring refresh and comes in 8K or 16K versions Each RAM chip on the RAM pcb has only seven address lines To address 16K separate locations requires fourteen addre
33. no 6 32x3 8 in Aluminium Casting into Top Coverr front holes only e Set Speaker into recepticle foam side down e Connect speaker cable to jack no polarity 6 Bottom Cover installation refer to Figure 5 23 e Align Bottom Cover with four Hand Controller Ports e Seat Firmly all the way aroundr making sure RF Cable exits through its hole and is not trappPd between the covers Install five screws 6 32x3 8 in Bottom Cover e Set sytem on its feet System Service Manual 8 RAM Memory and ROM Memory Modules installation e Install ROM Memory Module in slot closest to Keyboard Install RAM Memory Modules maximum of three Cartridge Door assembly installation refer to Figure 5 22 e Set Cartridge Door assembly down on Top Cover and slide to the rear to engage t m slots in the Aluminum Casting Lock Cartridge Door assembly down with the two clamps next to the Program Cartridge slots ATARI Personal Computers 6 SPARE PARTS LIST AND ORDERING REPORTING INFORMATION 6 1 INTRODUCTION The following paragraphs will provide a list of the minimum spare parts kits that are to be maintained at an authorized Servic Also provided will be information through the nearest ATARI parts distribution center ordering Center additional parts Information will also be presented to explain the procedures required to correctly fill
34. of the RS232C Interface ports on the ATARI 850 Interface Module and into the I O CONNECTOR port on the ATARI 830 Acoustic Modem Plug the AC Power Adapter into a wall outlet 115 Vac nominal and plug the power cable into the power receptacle on the acoustic modem Refer to the ATARI 830 Acoustic Modem Operator s Manual for information on proper set up and operation of the modem ATARI Personal Computers 2 10 CHAPTER 3 SYSTEM OPERATION 3 1 INTRODUCTION This chapter will cover the procedures required for system power up using the keyboard and screen editor functions using Program Car tridge system keys operating the hand controllers and operating the ATARI 410 Program Cassette Recorder 3 2 SYSTEM POWER UP Two modes of system power up exist for the ATARI 400 800 Personal Computer Systems power up with disk drives and power up without disk drives Before continuing with system power up ensure that you have unpacked and set up your system according to the instructions outlined in Chapter 2 System Installation 3 2 1 System Power Up Without Disk Drive The following steps detail the procedures required to power up an ATARI 400 or 800 Personal Computer System without an attached Floppy Disk Drive These procedures assume that the system has been set up according to the instructions contained in Chapter 2 System Installation Without Program Cartridge To power up the system without a
35. on Screen or Unit Lock Up This procedure assumes that the System Power ON LI ED is lit and the Screen exhibits some symptom of Console control If these two condi tions do not exist proceed to Troubleshooting Procedure Number Two ATARI Personal Computer Proceed with the following steps to troubleshoot the system 1 Disassemble the Console using the instructions outlined in para graph 5 5 for the 400 Console and paragraph 5 6 for the 800 Con sole 2 Clean the RAM Memory PCB and CPU PCB contact fingers per the instructions outlined in paragraph 5 2 1 PCB Contact Cleaning and Lubrication 3 Assemble the individual boards to operate the system out of the casting see Figures 5 10 and 5 11 Refer to paragraphs 5 7 and 5 8 for assembly instructions Plug low voltage power adapter into the System Power jack 4 Perform System Check Out refer to paragraph 5 3 NOTE Television screen interference is normal when the system is operated without the aluminum casting 4 If the system will not power up properly proceed to Troubleshoot ing Procedure Number Two Figure 5 10 400 Console Assembled Without Casting 5 20 System Service Manual 5 4 2 Troubleshooting Procedure Number Two This procedure in conjunction with Table 5 1 Troubleshooting Guide is used to isolate the failure to a specific printed circuit board Table 5 1 provides the most probable failing PCB for the described problem Thi
36. out the Part Repair Tag for both Warranty work and Non Warranty work 6 2 SPARE PARTS LIST The following is a list of the minimum spare parts that are to be maintained at an authorized Service Center Description Quantity Modules 800 Motherboard 400 M otherboard 800 Power Supply 400 Power Supply CPU Printed Circui t Board 1 ROM Printed Circuit Board 16K RAM Printed Circuxt Roard RAM Pri nted Circuit Components Integrated Circuits 6502 MPU CTIA ANTIC Custom ROM Custom ROM Custom ROM POKEY 6520 16K RAM 741542 CD4051 CD4050 741510 7415138 741502 7474 ATARI Personal Computers Part No 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 4829 4807 4171 4155 4800 4090 01 4802 4802 014377 012295 012296 012499 012599 012399 012294 014795 014331 014361 014336 010816 CO14339 CO14344 CO14340 CO14311 EF ATARI Personal Computers 6 1 Description C omponents Integrated Circuits 7415244 7415158 741 500 741 509 Transistor Array 7415243 741532 Components Other Operators Manual 800 Operators Manual 400 Keyboard 800 Keyboard 400 RF Cable Speaker Assembly Power Adapter C rystal 3 579575 Switch Interlock Voitage Regulator 5V Voltage Regulator 12V
37. pages 1 4 3 Reader Comment Form ATARI Customer Support Publications Department created th Reader Comment Form at the back of this manual to get feedback from the service technician about our manuals If you are in way dissatified with this publication we want to hear from you Tell us about technically inaccurate information gross typographical errors or missing information If you know a way to improve a procedure please let us know that too When filling out the form be specific and give the page number and a line reference with paragraph number if possible 1 4 System Service Manual NOTICE OF CHANGES This NOTICE OF CHANGES contains instructions tor changes required for an ATARI Personal Computer manual The attected document title ATARI number issue number and issue date are iden titied below The NOTICE OF CHANGES page indicates the affected page number and action required The type of change may be specified as delete Insert this NOTICE OF CHANGES at the end of the affected document to maintain a record of changes CHANGE INFORMATION DOCUMENT TITLE ATARI NUMBER ISSUE ISSUE DATE NOTICE OF CHANGE NUMBER DATE ISSUED SHEET ATARI Warner Coecmomcalions Company SAONVHO AO 3OILON Figure 1 2 Sample Notice of Changes Page ATARI Personal Computers 1 5 1 5 SAFETY As with any electronic equipment precautions consistent with all standar
38. screws 6 32x5 8 from four corners of Key board e Lift Keyboard out of Top Cover NOTE Use all static protection precautions when handling printed circuit boards Remove two screws nq 6 32x3 8 from aluminum casting flange Remove single screw no 6 32x3 8 from Power Supply board lower left hand corner e Disconnect Speaker cable and set Speaker aside e Raise front end Qf Module Assembly one inch out of Top Cover and disconnect Keybnard cable e Rotate Cartridge Door latches to the inside to clear Top Cover e Lift Module Assembly out of Top Cover ATARI Personal Computers 5 34 INTERLOCK PLUNGER ao INTERLOCK SWITCH MOTHERBOARD CONNECTOR Figure 5 20 400 Console Power Supply Removal 5 35 System Service Manual ALUMINIUM CASTING MOTHERBOARD CARTRIDGE GUIDE BOTTOM SHIELD SPEAKER ASSEMBLY o Co lt Figure 5 21 400 Console Bottom Cover Removal ATARI Personal Computers CARTRIDGE DOOR ASSEMBLY Figure 5 22 800 Console Cartrige Door Assemly Removal 5 37 System Service Manual Figure 5 23 800 Console Bottom Cover removal 4 Power Supply removal refer to Figure 5 26 e Unplug RF Cable from Power Supply board e Unplug Power Supply Harness Remove three screws no 6 32x5 16 from Power Supply board e Lift Power Supply board straight up CAUTION Be careful not to bend pins of Keyboard Cable
39. state Program Cartridges Keyboard 57 alphanumeric keys plus 4 function keys Upper lower ca se Inverse video Full screen editing Four way cursor control with 29 keystroke graphics ATARI Personal Computers 1 11 Table 1 1 ATARI 400 Computer Console Specifications continued I O Serial input output port for simple connection to peripherals Four controller jacks for joystick and paddle controllers Lanquage ATARI BASIC 8K ROM Program Cartridge is included Display Highest graphics resolution 320x192 24 lines of 40 characters Power AC step down transformer UL approved Dimensions 13 5 x 11 5 x 4 5 inches 5 75 pounds Table 1 2 ATARI 800 Computer Console Specifications Console FCC approved with built in RF modulator Connects to any television set CPU 6502B Microprocessor 1 78 MHz clock Color 16 Colors each with 8 intensities Sound Four independent sound synthesizers for musical tones or game sounds four octaves Variable volume Internal speaker in addition to audio th rough televis ion se t Memory 8 or 16K bytes of Random Acces s Memory RAM is included The ATARI 800 Console may be expanded to 48K RAM with user installed 8K or 16K ATARI Memory Modules The 800 Console includes a 1 ROM Operating System ROM may be expanded to 26K with user installed Program Cartridges Keyboard 57 full stroke alphanumeric keys plus 4 function key
40. that the Program Recorder is under control of the Computer The Program Recorder will erase the beginning of the tape surface for approximately eighteen seconds and copy the pro gram from RAM onto the cassette tape then stop 7 To record more than one program on a cassette tape repeat steps 5 and 6 until all programs are recorded Be sure to record the starting tape counter number for each of the programs recorded NOTE It is good programming technique to create a backup cassette tape for each of your recorded cassette tapes 8 34 6 Press STOP EJECT on the Program Recorder 3 Transfer a Program from Tape to Computer The following steps detail the procedures required to transfer a pro gram recorded on a cassette tape to the RAM memory of a Computer Con sole 1 Insert th prerecorded cassette tape into the Program Recorder with the recording surface toward the front and the label so that it can be read Press REWIND and wait until the tape stops Press STOP EJECT once not hard enough to eject cassette Press the Tape Counter Reset button until it reads 000 Use the ADVANCE key to position the cassette tape at the beginning of the stored program refer to record you made in step 7 above On the Computer Console keyboard type CLOAD and press RETURN You will hear one beep Press PLAY on the Program Recorder Then press RETURN the
41. to the Motherhoard through a ribbon oonnector The sixteen Line Address bus AO A15 allows the microprocessor to directly address 65 536 64K memory locations The eight line Data bus DO D7 provides the communication and data path beween the various functional modules 4 2 1 Motherboard The Motherboard perfoms the function of tying together all the various components of the computer system as well as performing a variety of logic fumctions All printed circuit boards pcb and connector cables plug into the Motherboard to allow communication between the functional blocks of the 400 and 800 Computer Consoles The Motheraoard also does the following ATARI Personal Computers 4 1 Generates 3 58 MHz Master Clock for the CPU printed circuit board Generates Power On Reset for the CPU printed circuit board Performs parallel serial data conversion between the CPU printed circuit board and the peripherals Provides driving circuitry for the Key Press signal from the CPU printed circuit board to the Console Speaker Converts signals from the various hand controllers into recognizable data for the microprocessor Buffers and drives the data lines between the CPU printed circuit board the RAM Memory pcb s and the remainder of the system Performs the first Memory Map decoding of the possible 64K address locations to 8K blocks for the microprocessor Gener
42. with ATARI logo then type any character to check inverse video feature 10 Hold down CTRL Control key and press key and observe that the cursor moves down on the television screen Use the CTRL key and the cursor control keys to move the cursor upr right and left 11 Press the SYSTEM RESET key to clear the television screen and display the Memo Pad Logo If any of the above keyboard tests fail refer to paragraph 5 4 Troubleshooting If the system displays none of the preceeding faults continue to the Stand Alone Test 5 6 System Service Manual 5 3 5 Stand Alone Test Diagnostic The Stand Alone Test uses ATARI supplied diagnostic software Program Cartridge to check system operation and integrity Complete all of the previous individual System Check Out tests before preceeding with the Stand Alone Test Complete the entire Stand Alone Test logging all failure conditionst before attempting to repair any failure Refer to paragraph 5 4 Troubleshooting for the correct procedure to repair any detected failure Special Tools Reguired Refer to Fiqure 5 2 Stand Alone Test Program Cartridge e Controller Port Jumper Assembly Peripheral Port Jumper Assembly e Screwdriver flat blade no 1 Test Procedures 1 Set System Power ON OFF switch to OFF 2 Open Program Cartridge door and insert Stand Alone Test Program Cartridge in left cartridge slot 800 Co
43. 2 EMILE Figure 5 1 System Check Out Flowchart System Service Manual If the system displays the correct Memo Pad Logo and appears correct according to the preceeding criteria continue to the Shock Test 5 3 2 Shock Test The Shock Test is intended to verify the correct seating of RAM ROM and CPU PCBs in the motherboard If incorrectly seated the system could act irratically This test is to be run after successfully completing the hiemo Pad Test NOTE Ensure that no Program Cartridge is in the cartridge slot This can give you invalid failure indications Proceed as Follows 1 With System Power switch ON lift Console unit approximately two to three inches above the table 2 Release Console unit allowing it to free fall to the table 3 Repeat steps 1 and 2 three times observing the television screen for any of the failure conditions listed below If failure indi cations do occur set the System Power ON OFF switch to OFF and refer to paragraph 5 4 Troubleshooting for instructions e Green Screen e Random characters appear on Screen e Screen changes color If the system displays none of the preceeding faults continue to the Picture Quality Test 5 3 3 Picture Quality Test The Picture Quality Test is a visual inspection of the television screen to determine picture quality Adjust the fine tuning on the television screen automatic fine tuning must be OFF for chann
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45. 400 Console only uses three of the input lines pin 12 being grounded for a total of eight selected output lines SO 57 Refer to Table 4 2 for the line selected for each input combination TABLE 4 2 Memory Map Select Lines Signal Pin Active GND12 15 13 A14 14 A13 15 line Device L 1 SO L 25261 8K RAM 222 162 L 4 S3 8 L H L L 5 54 8K RAM CARTRIDGE L R L H L H 6 757839 8K RAM CARTRIDGE L L 7 56 2 L H H L 7 56 I O DECODER 2105 L H 9 SJ 4K ROM E and F 4 12 System Service Manual 4 3 2 5 I O Decoder The I O Decoder integrated circuit 2105 is one of eight decoder demultiplexer The I O Decoder is used to select the different output devices CTIA chip Only four of the possible output selections are used such as 3 The I O Decoder is enabled by inputs on pins 4 input coming from the Memory Map Decoder 56 5 input coming the Address Bus and pin 6 input coming from the Chip Select Table 4 3 I O Decoder Select Lines The Binary Decode is provided by the Address Bus 08 PIA chip EY chip and the See Table 4 5 and 6 pin 4 CS line A09 and A10
46. 5 8 for the correct replacement procedures REPLACE RF CABL Gl 1 Remove top cover per Disassembly instructions refer to paragraphs 5 9 5 6 2 Unplug the RF Cable from the Power Supply jack and the TV Switch Box 3 Plug spare RF Cable in Power Supply jack and the TV Switch Box 4 Perform System Check Out procedure paragraph 5 3 to determine if problem has been corrected If replacing the RF Cable has corrected the problem install the new RF Cable according to the instructions outlined in paragraphs 5 7 and 5 8 If the RF Cable was not the problem leave the substituted RF Cable in the system tag the existing RF Cable for future replacement and proceed to Power Supply Replacement POWER SUPPLY REPLACEMENT 1 Remove Power Supply from the system using procedures outlined in paragraphs 5 5 and 5 6 If it was necessary to remove the Key board during the removal of the Power Supply reinstall the Key board before replacing the Power Supply 2 Install new Power Supply in the system using procedures outlined in paragraphs 5 7 and 5 8 3 Run the System Check Out procedures to determine if the problem still exists refer to paragraph 5 3 4 If the problem has been eliminated leave the substituted Power Supply in the system reconnect the original RF Cable and run the System Check Out procadures again to determine if the problem has been entirely corrected
47. Cartridge for disk boot instructions Boots the disk if desired and a disk drive is attached e Transfers control to the ROM cartridge booted program or blackboard program Whenever the Reset key is pressed the Operating System performs some but not all of the functions performed at Power Up The Operating System performs the following actions after the Reset key is pressed Clears the Operating System portion of RAM memory Re establishes all RAM interrupt vectors e Formats the Handler Address table Initializes the ROM Cartridges ATARI Personal Computers 4 15 e Sets Up the video screen for 24 x 40 text mode e Transfers control to the ROM Cartridge booted program or blackboard program The remaining 2K of Operating System ROM is a floating point program which is not used by the other parts of the Operating System itself but is available to non resident programs such as BASIC Calculator Pascal etc The floating point numbers are stored as ten BCD digits of mantissa plus a one byte exponent The following routines are among those found in the ROM program ASCII to floating point and floating point to ASCII conversion Integer to floating point and floating point to integer conversion e Floating point add subtract multiply and divide Floating point log exponent and polynomial evaluation e Floating point number clear load store and move
48. Command Letter C carriage return or spacebar to initi ate continuous testing 2 Enter Command Letter carriage return or spacebar to initi ate PORT Test Almost immediately a matrix similiar to Figure 5 9 will be displayed on the screen In the lower four video lines on the screenr outlined in reverse video will appear the prompt PORT TEST indicating one complete test sequence To continue testings do nothing To stop the test hit carriage retnrn or spacebar and the testing will stop at the completion of the present test The Error Table displayed should be all zeroes if a one 1 a ppears in any portion of the matrix an error condition exists Record the error location and refer to paragraph 5 4 Troubleshooting NOTE A blinking one 1 in position A 5 of the Error Table may not Signify an error condition A software error exists in the Stand Alone Test Program The signal in question is the motor control line and will be more thoroughly tested in the Program Cassette Recorder Test TONE TEST The TONE Test checks the sound generation Circuits of the Consoles and each of the four sound registers for tone and volume control The volume on the television set should be set in the middle of the range for this test The TONE Test must be run in its entirety for each of the four sound registers Proceed as follows 1 Enter Command Letter T carriage return or
49. If the television antenna is 75 Ohms convert the television to accept the 300 Ohm signal from the TV Switch Box Refer to Figure 2 1 for instructions on how to convert the television to 300 Ohm antenna input impedance When the COMPUTER TV switch on the TV Switch Box is in the COMPUTER position the television receives the RF signals from the ATARI Com puter Console Tune the television to channel 2 or 3 whichever is weaker in your area When the switch in the TV position signals come from the television antenna NOTE Federal Communications Commission Require that you Avoid using any longer twin lead wire from the TV Switch Box to the television than that supplied with the TV Switch Box Avoid connecting the twin lead wire from the TV Switch Box to any te levis ion antenna or cable TV outlet Avoid attaching loose wires to the antenna terminals when the ATARI Personal Computer products Any of the above may cause interference to nearby television sets and is against Federal Communications Commission FCC regulat ions 2 2 System Service Manual If it looks like this Push the switch to the 300 OHM 3009 position If it looks like this loosen the screws holding the U shaped slider and move it to the position marked 300 OHM or 3009 If it looks like this Screw the short round wire into the connec tor provided Figure 2 1 Conversion to 300 Ohm Antenna Input Impedance
50. Install two Power Supply mounting screws no 6 32x3 8 CAUTION Ensure that the RF Cable Module Assembly is not trapped under the Route the RF Cable through its slot in the Power Supply board and plug into Power Supply jack Install single Keyboard mounting screw n o 6 32x1 4 4 Top Cover installation 5 8 ASSEMBLY Open Cartridge Door refer to Figures 5 17 and 5 18 Slide Top Cover down over the open Cartridge Door and Power On LED Guide the Top Cover locator pins into the Keyboard holes and snap the Top Cover hook under the Keyboard Close the Cartridge Door and set system on its back Align Top and Bottom Covers and install four screws no 6 20x1 2 into Bottom Cover 800 COMPUT ER CONSOL Gl The following paragraphs detail assemble the 800 Computer Console its associated printed circuit boards the procedures required to 1 Keyboard installat ion refer to Figure 5 24 Lay Top Cover on its back with Keyboard in Top Cover o Install four mounting sCrews no 6 32x5 8 System Service Manual NOTE Check spacebar and keys to make sure they are not binding before proceeding to next step 2 Motherboard installation refer to Figure 5 28 Snap plastic Cartridge Guide into top side of Motherboard e With Motherboard right side up snap onto four nylon clips on Lower Shield Make sure all four clips are firmly seated 3 CPU Prin
51. Program Cartridge requires only that the system be connected to all devices correctly and the System Power ON switch is set to ON After a few seconds the screen will display the ATARI COMPUTER MEMO PAD logo The Memo Pad Logo indicates that the system has run a self test with no failures and is ready to accept information from the Keyboard With Program Cartridge To power up the system with the Program Cartridge installed requires only that the system be connected to all devices correctly and the System Power ON switch is set to ON After a few seconds the screen will display a prompt depending upon the Program Cartridge ie the BASIC Cartridge prompts you with a READY written on the screen Some Program Cartridges might require you to press the START key or load a program from the Program Cassette Recorder The screen display will prompt you with the correct action for you to take ATARI Personal Computers 3 4 Before loading the program contained on the Program Cartridge the Console Operating System contained in ROM has already run a self test and found the system to be operating properly Anytime the Cartridge Door is raised to change the Program Cartridge or add remove a cartridge the system Interlock switch shuts off power to the Console The power automatically returns when the door is shut and the system repeats the power up sequence in the process clearing all information stored in
52. RAM Memory 3 2 2 System Power Up With Disk Drive The system power up sequence with an attached Floppy Disk Drive requires more attention to following the exact sequence of instruc tions The following procedures assume that the system has been con nected according to the instructions outlined in C hapter 2 System Installation Proceed as follows 1 Connect the system devices according to the instructions outlined in Chapter 2 2 Power up the peripheral devices according to the instructions in their respective Operators Manuals 3 When the Busy Light turns O FF insert the Master Diskette Disk File Manager into the Floppy Disk Drive no 1 and close disk door 4 If applicable insert the Program Cartridge in the Cartridge slot and close Cartridge door 5 Set the System Power switch to ON The system automatically boots the program from the Master Diskette 6 The prompt that appears on the screen will depend upon the Program Cartridge or lack of Program Cartridge The BASIC Program Car tridge will display the READY prompt Entering DOS on the Keyboard will display the Disk Operating System Menu 8 Once the Disk File Manager has been read from the Master Diskette the Master Diskette can be removed from the Floppy Disk Drive The program now resides in RAM memory Lt 3 3 KEYBOARD AND SCR EN EDITOR FUNCTIONS The ATARI Personal Computer Keyboard see Fi
53. Sche Block Sche Bloc Sche Bloc Sche Bloc Sche Bloc Sche Bloc Sche Syste and CTIA Diagram of matic Diagram matic Diagram Diagram of the matic Diagram k Diagram of matic Diagram k Diagram of matic Diagram k Diagram of matic Diagram k Diagram of matic Diagram k Diagram of matic Diagram of m Check Out Flowchart the the the the of the Bo Bo Po po RAM RAM Power Supply 400 POKEY Motherboard Console System 800 Motherboard Consol Motherboard Consol ROM Personality Board ROM Personality Board ard 8K Board 8K ard 16K Board 16K wer Supply 400 Power Supply 800 wer Supply 800 a Program Cartridge a Program Cartridge Stand Alone Test Special Tools Any Video Grayb Color Test Screen Disp ar Test Screen Displa Bar Test Screen Disp 400 Console Color Adjustmen la y la t 800 Console Color Adjustment RAM Test Matrix Screen Display PORT 400 800 RAM RAM CPU 400 800 Test Console Console Memory Board Location Memory Board Location Printed Circuit Console Motherboard Console Motherboard S S Lo Lo Error Table Screen Display Assembled Without Casting Assembled Without Casting 8K 16K Board Locations cations cations le System 800 le System 800 b bel dot id em Lk ds ela dd es
54. ack Remove 4 screws no 6 20x1 2 from bottom cover e Set unit upright Unhook Top Cover from Keyboard Open Cartridge Door o Lift Top Cover off ATARI Personal Computers 5 30 BOTTOM COVER Figure 5 17 400 Console Bottom Cover Screw Location 2 Keyboard removal refer to Figure 5 19 Remove single Keyboard screw no 6 32x1 4 e Raise left end of Keyboard and disconnect Keyboard Ribbon Cable 3 Power Supply Removal refer to Figure 5 20 Disconnect RF Cable from Power Supply e Remove two screws no 6 32x3 8 from Power Supply Gently pull Power Supply away from casting 1 4 inch and lift out the Interlock Switch plunger e Lift Power Supply straight up off the Motherboard connector pins Access to CPU RAM and Motherboard 1 Module Assembly removal refer to Figure 5 21 e Disconneet and remove Speaker assembly e Lift Module Assembly out of Bottom Cover 2 CPU and RAM Printed Circuit Board Removal 5 31 System Service Manual Figure 5 18 400 Console Top Cover Removal KEYBOARD RIBBON Figure 5 19 400 Console Keyboard Removal ATARI Personal Computers 5 32 e Close and latch Cartridge Door e Set Module Assembly on its back Remove eight screws no 6 32x3 8 from Bottom Shield and lift off 4 Lift Motherboard assembly out of Aluminum Casting Gently unplug CPU and or RAM Memory board Unhook and remove plastic Cartridge Guide 5 6 DISASSEMBLY 800 Computer C
55. ailure Also observe if the failure indication occurs in the same column each test or if it moves about If a failure does occur record the failing location and rerun the RAM Test in its entirety making sure that the 5 14 System Service Manual RAM 8K memory block size was correctly specified If the failure still exists refer to paragraph 5 4 Troubleshooting Repeat the RAM Test for each of the 8K or 16K RAM memory boards or modules in excess of 32K Figure 5 8 RAM Test Matrix Screen Display PORT TEST This is a test of the ability of the 400 800 Computer Consoles to communicate with the outside world through the Hand Controller ports and the Peripheral port Check to see that the Peripheral Port Jumper Assembly and the Controller Port Jumper Assembly are securely inserted in their respective ports Before running the PORT Test it is necessary to determine the type of display format and test mode desired Default setting for the display format is a PASS FAIL indication Default setting for the test mode is a single test If the Display Options have already been changed from the default settings ie RAM Test they need not be reestablished Typically a PORT Test proceeds as follows 1 Enter Command Letter D carriage return or spacebar to Display Options ATARI Personal Computers 5 15 2 Enter Command Letter E carriage return or spacebar to dis play Error Table on screen 4 Enter
56. ates control signals for the peripheral devices Receives video data from the CPU printed circuit board converts it to a composite video and routes it to the Power Supply pcb Combines the sound from the computer system and the audio track of prerecorded cassettes Develops the sound subcarrier for the television audio as part of the composite video 4 2 2 Central Processing Unit The Central Processing Unit CPU printed circuit board pcb performs the function of controller for the entire Console system The CPU pcb contains the 6502 Microprocessor the ANTIC chip a specialized microprocessor and the CTIA chip which generates th video signals for the system The CPU pcb controls the Console system and its peripheral devices through address lines to select which device it needs to communicate with and data lines to transmit or receive data from a selected device common to the entire system Operating instructions for the microprocessor come from the ROM Operating System on the Personality pcb Additional functions of the CPU pcb are 4 2 System Service Manual e Receives Master Clock from Motherboard and generates Phase 1 1 or Ph 1 and Phase 2 2 or Ph 2 clocks used to synchronize the ntire system Transmits Refresh signal at least every 2 milliseconds to refresh the dynamic RAM memory chips on the RAM Memory pcb Receives the four trigger lines from the fire button of the
57. briplate to contact fingers on both sides The coating of lubriplate should be thick enough to on areas other than the contact fingers Avoid spreading lubriplate The printed circuit board is now ready to be firmly seated back in the Console motherboard cloth 4 5s of PCB 6 5 2 System Service Manual 5 2 2 Visually Inspecting the Computer Consoles As part of the preventive maintenance procedures visually inspect the Computer Consoles for damage and abuse 1 Inspect the Controller jacks and Peripheral jacks for broken or bent pins 2 Check RF cable for cracks in the insulation or bare pinched areas 3 Open Cartridge Door and check cover closed Interlock switch With a small blade screwdriver press the plunger down Release plunger and observe return to normal position 4 Inspect Cartridge slot for foreign objects or damage 5 Inspect power jack for bent or damaged pin If any damage is found repair the defective unit according to the instructions outlined in the disassembly and assembly paragraphs of this chapter 5 3 SYSTEM CHECK OUT The following paragraphs detail the standard check out procedures used to determine the operational status of the 400 800 Computer Consoles Refer to Figure 5 1 System Check Out Flowchart which depicts the typical paths followed by a service person Figure 5 1 can be used as a guide in interpreting maintenance on the 400 800 C omputer Console
58. circuit board listed in the Possible Failure column of Table 5 1 and run System Check Out to determine if the p roblem still exists If the problem is corrected by replacing the suggested printed circuit b oard refer to paragraph 5 4 4 Integrated Circuit Replacement Procedures If the problem has not been eliminated leave the substituted board in the system identify the removed board for future replacement and proceed to step 6 6 Use the following replacement sequence to shot gun the problem if the suggested failing printed circuit board did not eliminate the problem Power Supply Printed Circuit Board CPU Printed Circuit Board RAM Memory Board ROM Operating System Board 800 System only e Motherboard Keyboard If the problem is corrected by replacing the suggested printed circuit board refer to paragraph 5 4 4 Integrated Circuit Replacement Procedures If the problem has not been eliminated leave the substituted board in the system identify the removed board for future replacement and proceed to the next suggested replacement board 5522 System Service Manual 5 4 3 Troubleshooting Procedure Number Three This paragraph describes the procedures required to correct poor picture quality Poor picture quality is usually a result of a damaged RF Cable defective power supply or motherboard If the Aluminium Casting has been removed it is necessary test refer to paragraphs 5 7 and
59. d can plug into any of the Controller jacks on the front of the Consoles Each Hand Controller has one button and eight possible stick positions The stick or paddle can be moved in a 360 degree circle and can be used by the program to position the screen 3 6 ATARI 410 PROGRAM CASSETTE RECORDER The ATARI 410 Program Cassette Recorder resembles an ordinary audio cassette tape recorder Its playback and recording levels have been permanently set at the correct volume for use with the ATARI Personal Computers Set up the 410 Program Cassette Recorder according to the instructions contained in Chapter 2 System Installation 3 6 1 Operation of the Program Recorder The following steps explain the use of each of the control keys on the program recorder ATARI Personal Computers 3 7 e Press STOP EJECT to open the cassette door and disengage the cassette e Insert a cassette into the aperture with the tape surface toward you and close door e Press REWIND to move to the beginning of the tap the tape will stop automatically at end of tape press STOP EJECT once to disengage REWIND e Press the tape COUNTER reset button until the counter shows 000 As the tape advances this counter will show the approximate location on the cassette tape Use this number to find programs stored in the middle of the tape Before storing a program beyond the beginning of a tape not
60. d industrial safety practices must be observed while maintain ing the ATARI 400 800 Computer Console systems A current of 10 mA can put the human heart in fibrillation and a current of only 100 mA can cause it to stop completely Since human skin resistance is nor mally about 300 ohms any voltage in excess of 30 volts ran be lethal Notices are included throughout this manual to alert you to problem areas or dangerous situations A WARNING statement will precede the text of a procedure that if not Strictly observed could result in injury or death of the service technician A CAUTION statement will precede the text of a procedure that if not Strictly observed could result in damage to or destruction of equip ment hardware or software A NOTE statement will highlight an essential operating or maintenance procedure condition or clarifying fact Notes will also be used to provide information that though not necessary will be helpful to understanding a concept or completion of a procedure 1 6 RELATED DOCUMENTATION This service manual provides only that information necessary for a Service technician to install operate maintain the ATARI 400 800 Computer Console systems Other documents published by ATARI other manufacturers and publish ing houses may be helpful to the service technician The following documents apply directly to the ATARI 400 800 Computer Consoles sy
61. dard compone nts see above Remove the Console with the foam end caps from the box Remove the foam end caps and polyethylene bag from the console Save all your ATARI Console pack aging materials for repacking and storage Inspect the Console and the accessories for any obvious shipping WARNING Keep all polyethylene bags away from small children ATARI Personal Computers 2 1 damages If damage is found note it on the waybill and require the delivery agent to sign the waybill Notify the transfer company imme diately and submit a damage report to the transfer company Be sure to save the packing material for the transfer company s inspection 2 3 CONNECTING THE TV SWITCH BOX The TV Switch Box is designed to be permanently attached to the user s television set and has an adhesive backing to hold it in place on a smooth clean surface Disconnect the present antenna leads from the VHF terminals on the back of the television set Notice whether the antenna cable is the round 75 Ohm variety with a screw on connector or the flat twin lead 300 Ohm cable Attach it to the matching 75 or 300 Ohm connector labeled ANTENNA on the side of the TV Switch Box Attach the short flat twin lead 300 Ohm cable labeled TV on the bottom of the TV Switch Box to the VHF screw terminals on the television If the television antenna is of the 300 Ohm variety the TV Switch Box is installed
62. dule connects to the ATARI 400 800 Computer Consoles via an I O CONNECTOR port two provided and has four EIA RS232C compatible ports 8 bit parallel output interface for connection to the ATARI 825 80 Column Printer Any of the serial ports be used with the ATARI 830 Acoustic Modem Refer to Figure 2 6 when connecting each of the following devices 2 10 1 Connecting the ATARI 850 Interface Module The following steps detail the connection of the ATARI 850 Interface Module to the ATARI 400 80 0 Computer Consoles e Verify that the Power switch is OFF e Plug the AC Power Adapter into an AC outlet wall plug 115Vac nominal and then plug the other end into the power recepticle on the interface module 2 8 System Service Manual 16K of RAM required CARTRIDGE 800 or ATARI ATARI 80075 OR ATARI auo ATARI 820 PRINTER ATARI 8121 THERMAL PRINTER Figure 2 5 ATARI 40 Column Printer Cable Connections Plug one end of the CX81 Data Cord provided into the plug labeled PERIPHERAL on the Console and the other end into either of the jacks labeled I O CONI ECTOR on the side of the interface module Disk drives or other peripheral devices that normally plug into the Console PERIPHERAL jack can now be plugged into the second I O CONNECTOR port on the interface module Proceed with the connection of additionai peripheral devices before applying power Powe
63. e peripheral devices CAl is an input interrupt only from an 1 0 device The interrupt can be set by a negative or positive transition of the input signal as determined by the Control Register A Setting the interrupt request line IRQA by 1 is also controlled CRA CA2 can be used either as an input or output control line In one output mode CA2 generates a pulse each time data is read by the processor The pulse can be used to input sequential data In a second output mode CA2 is used in conjunction with 1 to provide the handshake between the microprocessor and the peripheral device The 1 input is used to interrupt the microprocessor to indicate that data from a peripheral device is available When the processor has finished reading the available data the CA2 output line is set low to signal the peripheral device that new data can be made available 4 10 System Service Manual CB1 CB2 Control Lines CBl and CB2 are peripheral device control lines is used as an input control line only control line can set on a negative or positive transistion as determined by Control Register 2 can operate both as an input output control line CB2 can be used in conjunction with CBl to provide the handshake between the microprocessor and a peripheral device Each time the microprocessor writes data to the PIA output register CA2 control line is set high to signal
64. e ure ure ure ure ure ure ure ure ure ure ure ure ure ure ure ure ure ure ure ure ure ure ure ure ure ure ure ure ure ure ure ure ure ure ure ure ure ure PPR gt FR EF EP 0 UO C a 1 9 The ATARI 400 800 Computer Consoles Sample Notice of Changes Page ATARI ATARI ATARI 400 Computer Console 800 Computer Console 400 800 Computer Console Systems Side View Side View Conversion to 300 Ohm Antenna Input Impedance ATARI 400 8 00 Consoles 400 800 Computer Consoles Cartridge Door Open Side View ATARI Disk Drive Cable Connections ATARI 40 Column Printer Cable Connections ATARI 850 Interface Module Cable Diagram The Speci Speci ATARI Keyboard al Graphics Using the CTRL Key al Graphics Using the ESC Key SHIFT Keyboard and Key Combination Major Block Functional Modules of the ATARI Diagram of the CPU 400 800 Board Schematic Diagram of the CPU Board Atari 400 motherboard Block Diagram Atari 400 motherboard schematic part 1 Atari 400 motherboard schematic part 2 Pin Assignments of ATARI Custom Chips ANTIC Block Sche
65. e Adapter PIA KeyIn KeyOut Integrated Circuits Memory Map Decoder therboard Console System 800 Data Buffer Composite Video ROM Personality Board PCB Contact Cleaning and Lubrication Visually Inspecting the Computer Consoles Picture Quality Test Stand Alone Test Diagnostic Procedure Number One 1 Troubleshooting 2 Troubleshooting Procedure Number Two Procedure Number 1 Three 3 Troubleshooting 4 Integrated Circuit 5 Motherboard Pe Gama 01 Replacement Procedures Dissassembly 400Computer Console Disassembly 800 Computer Console Assembly 400 Computer Console Assembly 800 Computer Console CHAPTER 6 SPARE PARTS LIST AND ORDERING REPORTING INFORMATION 6 1 Introduction 6 2 Spare Parts List 0 am BAB BA AW 1 1 4 0 t N Oi IM 5 27 5 30 5 33 5 40 5 43 FIG Fig Fig Fig Fig Fig Fig Fig Fig Fig Fig Fig Fig Fig Fig Fig Fig Fig Fig Fig Fig Fig Fig Fig Fig Fig Fig Fig Fig Fig Fig Fig Fig Fig Fig Fig Fig Fig Fig Fig Fig Fig Fig Fig Fig Fig Fig Fig Fig Fig Fig Fig Fig Fig URI LH ure ure ure ure ure ure ure ure ure ure ure ure ur
66. e the counter number for later referenc e Press ADVANCE to move tape forward to the location of a program indicated by the Tape Counter if necessary then press STOP EJECT e Press PLAY to ready the recorder for starting signal from computer NOTE Do not press the ADVANCE key while rewinding the cassette tape also do not press the REWIND key while advancing tape either action will stretch the casette tape 3 6 2 Transfer a Program to Cassette Tape The following steps detail the procedures required to transfer pro grams from the Computer Console RAM memory to the Program Recorder cassette tape Refer to the BASIC Reference Manual for additional command information 1 Insert a blank cassette tape into the Program Recorder with the recording surface toward you and the label so that it can be read Side one of the cassette tape will now be recorded on to record on side two of the cassette tape turn tape over and reinsert 2 Press REWIND and wait until the tape stops 3 Press the Tape Counter Reset button until it reads 000 4 Press STOP EJECT once not hard enough to eject tape 5 On the Computer Console Keyboard type CSAVE RETURN You will hear two beeps 6 Press RECORD and PLAY simultaneously on the Program Cassette 3 8 System Service Manual Recorder Now press RETURN on the keyboard again A series of tones indicates
67. el 2 or 3 whichever channel the Console is switched Observe the television screen in the Memo Pad mode for any of the following conditions e Herringbone pattern e Snowy Picture ATARI Personal Computers 5 5 e Picture blurred e White dot patterns on screen usually appear as vertical dotted lines If any of the preceeding conditions are observedr refer to paragraph 5 4 Troubleshooting 5 3 4 Keyboard Test This test verifies the proper operation of the system Keyboard To conduct this test the preceeding tests Memo Pad Test and Shock Test should have been successfully run and the system should displaying the Memo Pad Logo The following steps constitute the Keyboard Test 1 Type each of the character keys and observe their correct display on the television screen 2 Press the RETURN and BREAK keys observing the carriage return and line feed 3 Press the TAB key observing the cursor advancing ten 10 spaces 4 Press the ESC key twice to display on the television screen 5 Press the spacebar to move cursor right one space 6 Press DELETE BACK S to move cursor left one spac 7 Press CAPS LOWER then type alphabet to display lower case alphabet on television screen 8 Hold SHIFT key down and press any alphabet character to display upper case alphabet character on television screen 9 Press the inverse video key key
68. em Green Screen probably the Data Buffer chipr 2502 is defective Second choice Board Select chip 7501 as this also handles the refresh signal e Use only known good chips and leave substituted chips in the printed circuit board until the failing chip is identified 5 25 System Service Manual Test printed circuit board in system after each chip is replaced to determine if failure continues Before a chip is changed or a board is added or removed to from the System power the system down CPU Printed Circuit Board The CPU printed circuit board contains seven chips that provide the brains of the system see Figure 5 14 Each of the chips is explained brieflyr to enable selecting the correct chip to replace If the selection of a chip does not correct the problem then replace the chips in the order that they are presented 0000000000000000000000000000000 Figure 5 14 CPU Printed Circuit Board Locations e A303 This 15 the 6502B Microprocessing Unit e A301 This is the CTIA chip which is used to generate all video and sync signals for the television screen The PORT Test indicates a defective CTIA chip by displaying a 1 in Row F any position e A302 This is the ANTIC chip which is used for both control of the CTIA and refresh operations on the dynamic RAM memory e 2303 27304 These are 7415244 chips used as one direction tri state buffer for MPU address lines 2302 This is 7474
69. em power up using the keyboard and screen editor functions using program cartridge system keys and controllers and operating the program cassette recorder 1 3 4 Functional Description Chapter 4 provides a functional description of the ATARI 400 800 Com puter Console systems The functional description will be presented using a functional block diagram discussion to the integrated circuit level This information is presented to familiarize the service tech nician with the ATARI 400 800 Computer Console as a system thereby providing him her with a basis for troubleshooting system faults 1 3 5 Maintenance Chapter 5 presents preventive maintenance troubleshooting and repair instructions Preventive maintenance includes instructions for normal cleaning and inspection tasks The troubleshooting portion of the chapter presents symptom probable cause corrective action types of tables The repair portion of the chapter provides instructions for replacing printed circuit assemblies whole assemblies and specific integrated circuits in keeping with the ATARI maintenance philosophy ATARI Personal Computers 1 3 1 3 6 Spare Parts List and Ordering Reporting Information Chapter 6 provides ATARI part numbers for the field replaceable units of the 400 800 Computer Console system The chapter also provides information for ordering the parts through the nearest ATARI parts distribution center In addition chapter 6 provides inf
70. er Supply pcb The RF Module generates the RF output for the video screen from the composite video signals received from the Motherboard and is switchable to television channel 2 or 3 Voltages 5 Vdc A Supply voltage for the logic pcbs 5 Vdc B Specially filtered for the video circuitry 12 Vdc and 5 Vdc Supply voltage for the dynamic RAM memory chips 4 2 7 Program Cartridge The Program Cartridge performs the function of permanently storing the microprocessor instructions for a particular application e g a game or check book balancing program It consists of two 4K ROM chips mounted on an enclosed printed circuit board Information is retreived from the ROM chips by addressing the memory locations assigned to the Program Cartridge slot s The data in the memory locations is then placed on the Data bus lines 4 3 FUNCTIONAL BLOCK DIAGRAM DISCUSSION The following paragraphs provide a detailed functional block diagram discussion of the 400 and 800 Console Systems 4 4 System Service Manual 4 3 1 Central Processing Unit Board CPU Board The Central Processing Unit CPU pcb contains the 6502 CPU or MPU CHIP A303 the CTIA chip A301 the ANTIC chip A302 tri state address buffers 2303 amp 2304 the Clock Generator Z302A Z302B See Figures 4 2 and 4 3 CPU 6502 Integrated Circuit 6502 microprocessor contains registers flags interconnections arith
71. er to check additional memory it will be necessary to swap tested memory with untested memory Before running the RAM Test it is necessary to determine the type of display format and mode for the test Default setting for the display format is a PASS FAIL indication Default setting for the test mode is a single test RAM Memory boards should pass three complete series of diagnostic tests before acceptance Typically a RAM Test is run as follows ATARI Personal Computers 5 13 COLOR BAR ADJUSTMENT ACCESS HOLE Figure 5 7 800 Console Color Adjustment 1 Enter Command Letter D carriage return or spacebar to Display Options 3 Enter Command Letter E carriage return or spacebar to dis play Error Table 3 Enter Command Letter C carriage return or spacebar to enable continuous testing 4 Enter Command Letter C carriage return or spacebar to select RAM Test 5 Enter number of 8K memory blocks 1 8K 2 16K 3 24K 4 32K carriage return or spacebar In approximately ten seconds a matrix similiar to Figure 5 8 will be displayed on the screen In the lower four video lines on the screen outlined reverse video will appear the prompt RAM TEST indicating one complete test sequence To continue testing do nothing To stop the test hit carriage return or spacebar and the testing will stop at the completion of the present test Observe rows D and E for 1 indicatorr signifying RAM f
72. ey depressed K5 The value on these pins increments as the Keyboard is Scanned The value indicates a Keyboard key position PO P7 Two lines correspond to each of the four connector ports on the front of the Console Each line is an analog input into the POKEY chip which converts this analog signal into an eight bit binary code R W Read Write When R W goes low 1 0 data is transferred from the microprocessor Write operation to the POKEY chip When R W goes high logic 1 data is transferred from the POKEY chip Read operation to the microprocessor Ph 2 or 2 Clock Input Phase 2 of Master Clock is used by the Pokey chip to generate its own internal timing SID Serial Input Data Serial Data from devices such as the Program Recorder and the Floppy Disk Drive are input on this line SOD Serial Output Data Data is output serially to peripheral devices on this line 4 8 System Service Manual Clocks OCLK and BCLK These clocks are used as timing control signals for the input and output of data IRQ Interrupt Request The Interrupt Request line is used by the POKEY chip to initiate communication with the microprocessor Setting this line low interrupts the processor and forces the processor to service the POKEY chip Peripheral Interface Adapter PIA The Peripheral Interface Adapter 6520 has two 8 bit programmable I O ports and two controller bit
73. eyboard and Screen Editor Functions Operation of Hand Controllers ATARI 410 Program Cassette Recorder 6 1 Operation of the Program Recorder 6 2 Transfer a Program to Cassette Tape 2643 Transfer a Program from Tape to Computer CHAPTER 4 FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION 4 1 Introduction PE 2 2 1 2 2 23 2 4 2 4 2 4 2 7 2 7 2 8 2 8 2 9 5 2 3 a 3 1 3 2 3 2 3 7 3 27 3 7 3 7 3 8 3 9 4 1 4 1 4 2 The ATARI 400 and 800 Computer Console Systems Motherboard Central Processing RAM Memory pcb Keyboard Power Supply Program Cartridge 2 amp Central Processing Bop Cp uS RR Ww W gt aS gt NH 3 3 3 82 22925 4 3 3 Bidirectional I O Decoder 3 4 5 I O Decoder 1 2 3 CO CO 4 23 3 4 3 3 4 3 3 RAM Memory Boards Power Supply Program Cartridge BP am WWW C2 CHAPTER 5 MAINTENANCE 1 Introduction 2 Preventive Maintenance 35 5 ou VM 24 5 3 em Check Out Memo Pad Test Shock Test Sy Keyboard Test N 3 ju 33 3 3 Troubleshooting Guide Unit ROM Personality Board ctional Block Diagram Discussion Unit Motherboard Console System 400 2 1 POKEY Integrated Circuit 2 2 Peripheral Interfac
74. facturer 00000000000000000000000 Figure 5 12 RAM Memory Board Locations 8K Review the notes you made during the RAM TEST rows D and E of the test indicate which RAM chip was failing during the test for example ATARI Personal Computers 5 24 Memory Bits 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 Row D 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Row E 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Replace Chip 2506 2505 2507 7509 2508 2510 2511 2512 The above example would indicate that chip 2505 is failing the RAM Test and should be replaced Before replacing any chips on the RAM Memory board the following troubleshooting hints should be read When a failed RAM Memory board exhibits constantly changing failures the demultiplexing chips 2503 2504 are probably defective Both chips must be the same manufacturer and the same date 00000000000000000000000 Figure 5 13 RAM Memory Board Locations 16K e When a failed RAM Memory board exhibits a Solid failure the failure does not change when the unit is tested in the continuous mode probably that particular RAM chip is defective Second choice the Data Buffer chipr 7502 e If the test fails at address hexadecimal 4000 Rows B and C 0100 0000 0000 0000 a nd the data read back is hexidecimal 40 Rows and E 0100 0000 the same as the high order address byte the board under test is probably never being enabled The Board Select chip 2501 could be defective e If the RAM Memory board being tested crashes the syst
75. for assembling static sensitive materials should consist of an anti stat poly table cover that is grounded to the metal on the table In addition the worker at the station should also be grounded with a wrist strap to the metal portion of the table Note that the wrist grounding straps affect only the body of the service person not the clothing Therefore short sleeves are preferred If long sleeves are worn they should be covered by an antistat gauntlet On static sensitive work surfaces all plastics except anti static ones should be forbidden Vinyl or mylar shop carriers pulled from a stack and laid casually on board can destroy it Styrene desoldering devices generate large static charges particularly when triggered Practically all plastic and plastic related materials generate tremendous charges and should not be permitted in the same room where static sensitiv devices ar being assembled or stored 5 2 PREVENTIVE MAINTENANC Lt Preventive maintenance on both the 400 and 800 Computer Consoles con Sists of maintaining a dust free environment for the Consoles when not being used wrapped in packaging material and cleaning and lubricating the printed circuit board PCB contacts Many of the troubles encountered with both the 400 and 800 Consoles consist of loose or corroded contacts on both the CPU and memory ROM and RAM printed circuit boards ATARI Personal Computers 5 1
76. grated Circuit The POKEY integrated circuit provides the interface between th Keyboard Serial I O ports and the microprocessor Also contained within the chip are four semi independent audio channels each with its own f requency noise and volume control Figure 4 6 shows pin assignments of the POKEY chip and the functions of the pins are given below DO D7 Data Bus Data Bus lines 8 bits are used to input and output information between the POKEY chip and the microprocessor The Data Bus lines are routed to the processor through bidirectional tristate buffers CSO Chip Select This signal originates on the ROM Personality pcb and is used by the microprocessor to select the POKEY chip The POKEY chip is selected when this line goes low AUD Audio Signal Four sound registers are located in the POKEY chip The output of these registers are used to develop the audio signal 0 Address Bus These address lines are used in conjunction with the Chip Select CSO line to address parts of the POKEY chip KR2 This input line is held low during the selection of certain keys The keys that take this line to an active low are the Break Control and both shift keys This line goes low to indicate that a key has been found depressed during a Keyboard scan The value on pins KO K5 when goes low is sent to the microprocessor to determine th k
77. gure 3 1 closely resem bles an ordinary typewriter but has been designed with additional flexibility to provide the ATARI user with the most efficient set of symbols for each Computer Console application In addition each key has the capacity 3 2 System Service Manual to be redefined by instructions from an individual Program Cartridge or program The following paragraphs define the use and application of each of the keys 4 CLEAR 2 3 5 7 lt gt j 9000000000000 CES Cceooggogeoaseaagas ECBOOGGOUOGOOSBSSCES Figure 3 1 The ATARI Keyboard CAPS LOWR Pressing this key once puts the Keyboard in the uppercase lowercase mode requiring the use of the SHIFT key to get uppercase letters and special characters Pressing the key once again puts the Keyboard in the all uppercase mode e SHIFT Pressing either of the SHIFT keys and holding it down while in the lowercase mode while pressing another key will produce the uppercase letters or the character shown on the upper half of the keytop on the actual keyboard Figure 3 4 shows the characters that will be produced by the SHIFT and key combination ATARI LOGO The ATARI Logo key switches characters into inverse video Press it again to go back to normal display CTRL The control key CTRL functions as a second type of shift When depressed in conjunction with another key a completely new set of graphics a
78. hip by displaying a 1 in Rows A B C D or E in any position 5 29 System Service Manual e 2103 Used to receive data from chip translate the information send data to keyboard Outputs from POKEY e 2104 Receive data from keyboard translate data send data to POKEY chip Inputs to POKEY 7102 Used to develop READ WRITI decode MEMORY MAP for computer Cl early and late signals Used to e A103 A104 Buffer for video and lum lines Part of POWER RESET circuit e 2101 Develop MEMORY MAP for computer Z105 Z106 Bi directional buffers for data lines 5 5 DISASSEMBLY 400 COMPUTER CONSOLI Gl This paragraph describes the procedures required to disassemble the 400 Computer Console Proceed after reading the following notes 1 Be very careful about mixing screws The Plastic and aluminum parts will easily strip if the wrong size screw is used 2 Excessive torque on screws will strip the plastic and aluminum parts e Plastic 6 inch pounds torque maximum e Aluminum 10 inch pounds torque maximum 3 Protect the plastic surfaces of the console by working on a soft surface when the console is turned over bottom up 4 Use all static control precautions when handling any printed circuit board Access to Keyboard and Power Supply 1 Top cover removal refer to Figures 5 17 and 5 18 e Set unit on its b
79. ice Manual e DELETE BACK S This key erases each character as the cursor moves back one space at a time The whole line stays the same length e SHIFT and DELETE BACK 5 This combination of keys removes whole logical line If there are lines below the deleted line they will all move up one line leaving a new blank line at the bottom of the screen CTRL and DELETE BACK 5 This combination erases the character under the cursor by moving all the characters to the right of the cursor one space to the left The line becomes shorter 3 4 PROGRAM CARTRIDGE SYSTEM KEYS The four keys to the right of the Keyboard allow the operator to select different starting positions within a Program Cartridge Each Starting position is the beginning of a game or application stored within a single Program Cartridge Push SYSTEM RESET to stop the computer and restart from the beginning of a Program Cartridge Push SELECT to see the initial screen at the beginning of the next game or application Push OPTION to choose among the variations possible within a game or application After you have made your choices with the SELECT and OPTION keys push START to begin the action 3 5 OPERATION OF HAND CONTROLLERS Many of the Program Cartridges available from ATARI use the Hand Controllers to move images on the display screen All hand controllers are identical an
80. ine 4 6 System Service Manual IRQ Interrupt Request The IRQ request input is similar to the NMI Signal Unlike the NMI signal the IRQ input can be controlled by bit 2 of the Program Status register the interrupt mask bit 1 If the flag bit I 15 logic one signals on the IRQ input will be disregarded The IRQ line is level sensitive not edge sensitive The processor will be interrupted as long the flag bit I is low and IRQ is low The processor performs the same steps as an NMI operation with different locations for the vector address FFFE and FFFF The processor will be returned to its original condition upon reading a RTI instruction in the interrupt handler subroutine ANTIC and CTIA Integrated Circuits The primary function of the ANTIC integrated circuit is to fetch data from memory independent of the processor for display on the video screen Direct Memory Access DMA is used by the ANTIC chip to retreive data from memory The ANTIC chip requests the use of the Address Bus and the Data Bus by sending a HALT signal to the microprocessor causing the processor to become Tri State during the next computer cycle The ANTIC then addresses and reads from memory the data for placement on the video screen Once initiated the DMA is completely and automatically controlled by the ANTIC chip without need for further microprocessor intervention In addition to the display
81. ing a TTL load The data on this bus from an external support chip must be stable before the end of the Phase 2 clock pulse ATARI Personal Computers 4 5 R W Read Write The R W Line allows the microprocessor to control the direction of data transfer among system components When the voltage level is high the R W line is reading from the Data Bus into the microprocessor When the voltage level is low it is commanding an external device to write the present contents of the Data Bus into a peripheral support chip or memory All transitions on this line occur during Phase 1 which allows control of data transfers during Phase 2 RDY Ready The RDY input permits delay of execution of any machine cycle during which the RDY line is held low If the Ready RDY line goes from high to low during a Write cycle the processor will execute that cycle and will stop in the next Read cycle SYNC Synchronzing Signal The SYNC signal is an output signal produced when the 6502 microprocessor is fetching an opcode This line goes high during Phase 1 and stays high for the remainder of the cycle If the RDY line is pulled low during Phase 1 of a SYNC high cycle single step operation of the 6502 microprocessor can be achieved SO Set Overflow SO line is an output line that sets the Overflow bit in the Status Register The Overflow bit is set to a logic one high on a high to low trans
82. ition on this pin RES Reset The Reset line is used to initialize the microprocessor during power up As the Power Supply is turned on the RES line is held low resetting internal registers When the line goes high the processor will delay six Phase 1 to Phase 2 cycles After the RES delay the processor will fetch instructions from memory locations FFFC and FFFD NMI Non maskable Interrupt The Non Maskable Interrupt NMI input interrupts the processor after it has completed the instruction being xecuted when the NMI line was pulled low The NMI interrupt cannot be masked by the processor to prevent recognition of this interrupt The processor will not detect another NMI until this line has gone high and then back to low The NMI signal must be low for at least two clock cycles in order to be recognized The following steps take place when an NMI signal is recognized e The values in the Program Counter and the processor Status register are pushed on the stack into three successive locations determined by the value of the stack pointer when NMI is detected Locations FFFA and FFFB will be read to vector the processor to a subroutine to handle the interrupt e The Interrupt mask in the processor Status register is set to a one disallowing a maskable interrupt The microprocessor will be returned to its original condition upon reading a RTI instruction in the interrupt handler subrout
83. junction with ATARI training will enable a service technician to install operate and maintain the ATARI 400 800 Computer Systems In addition to basic user operating instructions this manual includes procedures that describe operating the ATARI 400 800 Computer Console conjunction with peripheral equipment for maintenance purposes This manual further describes the functional operation of the 400 800 ATARI Computer Consoles and provides detailed procedures for its maintenance This information will enable a service technician to troubleshoot and repair the ATARI 400 800 Computer Consoles to the replaceable integrated circuit level None of the procedures included require special test equipment or tools This manual also provides spare parts ordering information to replace expended units and or assemblies and the fault reporting procedures required 1 2 ATARI 400 800 COMPUTER CONSOLE DESCRIPTION The ATARI 400 800 Computer Consoles see Figure 1 1 are personal microcomputers designed to provide entertainment in the form of games education using interactive audio visual education programs information providing a serious tool for home and business information management plus perform all the functions of a fully programmable general purpose computer The ATARI 400 Computer Console contains the central processor unit CPU and memory in the form of the Operating System read
84. metic logic control logic which recognize operation codes The salient characteristics of the 6502 microprocessor are summarized as follows e Byte oriented structure 151 opcodesDecimal or binary arithmetic modes e Seven addressing modes e True indexing e Stack pointer e Two interrupt levels e 64K address range e Integral clock circuit e Single 5 volt dc power requirement Figure 4 3 shows pin assignment of the 6502 microprocessor The functions of the pins are given below ABO AB15 Address Bus The Address Bus signals on the 6502 MPU are push pull drivers capable of driving one standard TTL load and 130 picofarads of capacitance The address placed the Address Bus is determined by the Program Counter in the 6502 MPU or a stored address in RAM memory specified by the program instruction The ANTIC chip also puts addresses on the system Address Bus sharing control of the bus with the 6502 MPU DBO DB7 Data Bus Pins 26 through 33 connected to the bidirectional Data Bus Each of these pins is connected to both an input and an output buffer The output buffer is in three state high impedance isolated condition except when data transfer out takes place 11 data transfers take place during the Phase 2 clock pulse During Phase 1 the Data Bus is in the isolated high impedance condition The Data Bus output buffer is a push pull driver like the Address Bus driver and is capable of driv
85. nsole only 400 Console only has one cartridge slot Close Program Cartridge door 3 Plug the Peripheral Port Jumper Assembly into the side peripheral port 4 Plug the Controller Port Jumper Assembly into the front controller ports 5 Set the System Power switch to ON The diagnostic program tained in the Program Cartridge will be executed and the diagnos tic screen display will appear If the Console fails to execute the diagnostic program and displays a System Error and a buzzer sounds turn the System Power switch to OFF and reinsert the Pro gram Cartridge Repeat System Power Up if the Console fails to execute the diagnostic program after three attempts refer to para graph 5 4 Troubleshooting for further instructions 6 Each diagnostic test contained on the Program Cartridge is selected by a command letter The following is a list of the command letters ATARI Personal Computers 5 DIAGNOSTIC PROGRAM CARTRIDGE PERIPHERAL PORT TEST CONNECTOR HAND CONTROLLER JACK TEST CONNECTOR Figure 5 2 Stand Alone Test Special Tools 5 8 System Service Manual D Display Options P Pass Fail E Display Error Table S 10910 Run of Test 5 Continuous Run of Test Any Video Test Graybar Test e Colorbar Test RAM Test Tests Up to 32K P Port Test Used in Conjunction with Port Jumpers T Tone Tes
86. nual Figure 2 2 ATARI 400 800 Computer Consoles Side View ATARI Personal Computers m DA P P Pal irri toti 12231223 c 5 Figure 2 3 400 800 Consoles Cartridge Door Open 2 6 System Service Manual 2 8 CONNECTING THE ATARI 810 AND 815 DISK DRIVI Cl The ATARI 810 and 815 Disk Drives may be used with many combinations of ATARI devices However the ATARI 800 Computer Console with 16K minimum of RAM memory is required to operate the disk system Up to four disk drives may be connected to the system at a time Setting up the Disk Drive Refer to Figure 2 4 e First verify that all switches computer power and disk drive are OFF e Plug AC Power Adapter into the wall plug and its small plug into the disk drive e Plug one end of the CX 81 Data Cord furnished with the disk drive into the plug labeled PERIPHERAL on the Console and the other end into either of the I O CONNECTOR jacks on the back of the disk drive unit e Additional peripheral devices can be connected by using the unused I O CONNECTOR jack on the back of the disk drive If only one disk drive is to used set the device code switch the back of the disk drive to position number 1 See diagram on back of drive e If more than one disk drive is to be used the switches should be appropriately set Yo u may find it useful to label the disk drives by number for easy location
87. o not allow tip of screwdriver to damage traces ATARI Personal Computers 5 40 POWER SUPPLY 1 1 4 RF CABLE MOTHERBOARD CONNECTOR WIRE HARNESS Figure 5 26 800 Console Power Supply Removal ALUMINIUM 2 CASTING e COMPONENT SIDE OF CPU BOARD Figure 5 27 800 Console CPU Printed Circuit Board Removal System Service Manual e Set Aluminum Casting on its back invert Motherboard and gently lower into Casting NOTE CPU PCB must fit into guides in the Aluminum Casting Install Lower Shield with eight screws 6 32 3 8 e Install Module Assembly in Bottom Cover 2 Keyboard Installation refer to Figure 5 19 Plug Speaker cable into Motherboard no polarity set Speaker in Bottom Cover e Plug Keyboard ribbon cable into connector on Motherboard e Gently lower Keyboard over the Power ON LED and guide posts on Aluminium Casting P Figure 5 28 800 Console Motherboard Removal ATARI Personal Computers 3 Power Supply installation refer to Figure 5 20 Align Power Supply over Motherboard connector pins and Bottom Cover guide posts and gently press down Install Interlock Switch Plunger into Aluminum Casting Mak sur th lower nd of the Plunger is positioned over the Interlock switch and the Plunger shaft rides in its notch in the Power Supply Heat Sink
88. of a particular unit NOTE The device switch on each drive is normally set to position 1 before shipment 2 9 CONNECTING THE ATARI 820 AND 822 PRINTER The ATARI 820 822 Printers provide 40 column printouts for the A TARI 400 a nd 800 Personal Computer Systems Setting up the Printer Refer to Figure 2 5 e Plug the power cord permanently connected to the printers into a 110 115 Vac outlet with the Power switch OFF e Plug the CX81 Data Cord in the serial I O port labeled PERIPHERAL on the Console or if another peripheral is in use into the jack labeled I O CONNECTOR on that peripheral Plug the data cord into either jack labeled I O CONNECTOR on the printer e Inspect the ribbon model 820 and paper for proper positioning and useability refer to the operator s manual for the individual printer ATARI Personal Computers 2 7 ATARE BOT ne ATARI 4001 of RAM required ATARI soul 400 ATARI 81579 DU AL DISK DRIVE ATARI DISK DRIVE Figure 2 4 ATARI Disk Drive Cable Connections CAUTION Do not operate the printer without ribbon or paper or you may damage the printer mechanism 1 RFACE MODULE 2 10 USING THE ATARI 850 INT The ATARI 850 Interface Module expands the interface capabilities of the ATARI Personal Computer Systems The interface mo
89. only memory ROM and 8K 8 x 1 024 bytes of user programmable random access memory RAM expandable to 16K 16 x 1024 bytes The Console also holds the keyboard cartridge slot controller jacks and a serial I O port for connecting to peripheral devices The ATARI 800 Computer Console contains the central processor unit CPU nd memory in the form of the Operating System read only memory 10K ROM and 8K 16K standard of user programmable random accessmemory RAM and two Expansion Sockets for additional RAM modules maximun 48K The Console also holds the keyboard cartridge slots controller jacks and a serial I O port for connecting to peripheral devices Atari Personal Computers Lid Figure 1 1 The ATARI 400 800 Computer Consoles 1 3 HOW TO USE THIS MANUAL This manual is organized into six chapters Chapter 1 General Information Chapter 2 Installation Chapter 3 System Operation Chapter 4 Functional Description Chapter 5 Maintenance Chapter 6 Spare Parts List and Ordering Reporting Information Each chapter contains only the information needed to fulfill its function If a given subject applies to more than one chapter then the subject will be discussed in the chapter where it is most used other chapters would then refer to the chapter and paragraph containing the subject First and second level paragraphs in the manual contain unique 2 and 3 digit numbers respectively
90. onsole This paragraph describes the procedures required to disassemble the 800 Computer Console Proceed after reading the following notes COMPUTER CONSOL Gl 1 Be careful about mixing screws The plastic and aluminum parts if the wrong size screw is used 2 Excessive torque on screws will strip the plastic and aluminum parts e Plastic 6 i nch pounds torque maximum e Aluminum 10 inch pounds torque maximum 3 Protect the plastic surfaces Qf the console by working on a soft surface when the console is turned over on its back 4 Use all static control precautions whan handling any printed circuit board Access to RAM Memory boards and ROM Memory board 1 Cartridge Door assembly removal refer to Figure 5 22 e Set System Power switch to OFF Open Cartridge Door Rotate Cartridge Door clamps to the outside Raise Cartridge Door assembly 1 4 inch then pull towards you and lift off 5 33 System Service Manual 2 RAM Memory Module and ROM Memory Module removal Lift out RAM Memory Modules Lift out ROM Memory Modules Access to Power Supply and Keyboard Assembly 1 Bottom Cover removalr refer to Figure 5 23 Se t sys tem on its back Remove the five screws 6 32x3 8 from Bottom Cover e Tilt back end of Bottom Cover up and toward you to remove 2 Printed Circuit Board Removal refer to Figure 5 25 3 Keyboard removal refer to Figure 5 24 Remove four
91. ormation on how to use the Fault Reporting System 1 4 CHANGES TO THIS MANUAL This manual will periodically be updated or changed to keep it current with changes in the ATARI 400 800 Computer Console systems Changes normally start with ATARI Customer Support issuing a Tech Tips that alerts the service technician to such things as changes in maintenance procedures and critical problem areas After either a series of these Tech Tips are issued or one of an extremely critical nature is issued service manual change pages are published These pages are of the remove the old and insert the new type A vertical bar in the margin of the changed page indicates the revised material After about 20 of a manuals pages are changed Customer Support Publications reissues the entire manual 1 4 1 Notice of Changes Page The Notice of Changes page see Figure 1 2 contains instructions for changing this manual It will come with pages intended to replace outdated pages in the manual The Notice contains the affected page number and the action required to make the changes After making the necessary changes insert the Notice at the end of the manual to keep a current record of changes 1 4 2 List of Effective Pages The List of Effective Pages on the back of this manual s title page lists all the pages in this book including the title page the List of Effective Pages deleted pages added pages and foldout
92. ose keys The alpha bet keys when used in conjunction with the CTRL Control key become special graphic symbols To the right of the keyboard is the power ON light and four special control switches From top to bottom they are SYSTEM RESET Interrupts whatever the computer is doing and restarts the Operating System or Program Cartridge OPTION Interrupt used by the Program Cartridge to choose amoung the variations within a game or program SELECT Interrupt used to select one of several games or programs in the Program Cartridge START Interrupt used to Start the game or program selected from the Program Cartridge The AC Power Adapter provides the 9 Vac used by the 400 and 800 Com puter Consoles The AC Power Adapter plugs into a standard wall out let and converts the 110V ac line voltage to the 9V ac required by the Consoles The power cord from the AC Power Adapter plugs into the power jack on either the 400 or 800 Console The TV Switch Box allows the 400 800 Computer Console to be connected to the normal 300 ohm RF antenna inputs on a typical television set The Proqram Cassette Recorder provides 400K bytes of storage 120 ATARI Personal Computers La Figure 1 3 ATARI 400 800 Computer Console Systems 1 8 System Service Manual So CHANNEL 2 213 SELECT SYSTEM POWER JACK POWER ON OFF START SWITCH SWITCH HAND CONTROLLER JACKS SELECT SWITCH
93. ppears on the screen Figure 3 2 shows what the combination of the CTRL key and other keys will produce on the Screen e ESC The ESC escape key disab les the cursor control movements and prints a graphic character on the screen instead Figure 3 3 shows what the combination of the ESC key and o ther keys displays on the screen e BREAK The BREAK key interrupts the computer while it is busy following instructions ATARI Personal Computers 3 9 5 TOPS PRESS AGAIN O0CUC8ASRC0888 88 8 00882 Figure 3 2 Special Graphics Using the CTRL Key e RETURN The RETURN key has three functions First if moves the cursor to the left margin and down one line on the screen Second RETURN marks the end of a logical line for the computer Third RETURN activates the computer The specific action taken depends on the software CLR SET TAB This key operates much like the TAB key on a regular typewriter SHIFT and CLR SET TAB set a TAB stop at the cursor position CTRL and CLR SET TAB clear the stop u nder the cursor CLR SET TAB by itself spaces the cursor over to the next TAB stop This key operates on logical lines so you can tab at any position up to the 116 th character System Service Manual DO THIS PUSH I 2 SEE THIS PUSH SIMULTANEOUSLY u PUSH SIMULTANEOUSLY E 1
94. r Cable included with ATARI 825 CX87 Modem Cable included with ATARI 830 CX88 Interface Module Cable CX89 Monitor Cable Color Monitor CX82 Monitor Cable B W Monitor CAO14746 TV Switch Box CA014748 Power Adapter included with ATARI 400 800 810 850 C014854 ATARI 8 20 Printer Ribbon C014026 ATARI 820 Printer Paper Roll Paper CX4100 ATARI 410 Digital Cassette Blank CX8100 ATARI Blank Diskettes 5 per box CX8101 ATARI 810 Master Diskette 1 per box CX8104 ATARI 810 Master Diskette II 1 per box CX8111 ATARI 810 Formatted Diskettes II 5 per box CX8201 ATARI 815 Master Diskette 1 per box 1 9 SPECIFICATIONS This paragraph provides the operating characteristics and specifications useful to a service technician for maintaining the ATARI 400 800 Computer Console systems All specifications and characteristics are presented in Tables 1 1 and 1 2 Table 1 1 ATARI 400 Computer Console Specifications Console FCC approved with built in RF m odulator CPU 6502B Microprocessor 1 78 MHz clock Color 16 colors each with 8 intensities Sound Four independent sound synthesizers for musical tones or game sounds four octaves Variable volume Internal speaker addition to audio through television set Memory 8K bytes of Random Access Memory RAM is included The ATARI 400 may be expanded to 16K at your service center 1 bytes ROM Operating System expanded to 16K with user installed solid
95. r switch ON to the interface module 2 10 2 Connecting the ATARI 825 Printer The ATARI 825 Printer is an 80 column dot matrix printer that must be connected to the ATARI 850 Interface Module The printer connects to the 8 bit parallel output interface port on the interface module using the CX86 Printer Cable Connect the printer as follows Check that the Power ON OFF switch is in the OFF position Plug the CX86 Printer Cable into the parallel I O port labeled PARALLEL CONNECTOR on the interface module and the I O CONNECTOR port on the back of the printer Plug the Power Cord into a wall outlet 115 Vac nominal Refer to ATARI 825 Operator s Manual for the proper power up procedures ATARI Personal Computers 2 59 INTERFACE ATARI 2 MODULE MODEM ADDITIONAL 52320 COMPATIBLE PORTS ATARI BDO OR ATARI 3004 RAM MAY HE REQUIRLD WITH AE PERIPHERALS ATARI ATARI 02575 PRINTER DISK DRIVE Figure 2 6 ATARI 850 Interface Module Cable Diagram 2 10 3 Connecting the ATARI 830 Acoustic Modem The ATARI 830 Acoustic Modem is a stand alone acoustically coupled frequency shift keying FSK modem It must be connected to the ATARI 400 800 Computer Consoles with the ATARI 850 Interface Module Connect the acoustic modem as follows Check to see that the Power ON OFF switch is in the OFF position e Plug the CX87 Modem Cable into one
96. rtridges contain programs that are permanently stored in a ROM within the cartridge To insert a Program Cartridge open the Cartridge Door by depressing the lever marked PULL OPEN on either the 400 or 800 Consoles see Figure 2 3 The door is held under tension and should spring open Hold the cartridge with the label toward you so that it can be read Push it firmly straight down into the slot It will snap gently into place Single cartridges should always be inserted in the left slot They will be labeled LEFT CARTRIDGE on the end opposite the opening Double cartridges will be labeled LEFT CAR TRIDGE and RIGHT CARTRIDGE Insert them in the correct slot NOTE The cartridge door containa a power interlock In order to preventdamageto the computer or the program cartridge the power is turned of f whenever the cartridge door is opened When the Program Cartridge is in correctly the cartridge door will close without touching the program cartridge 2 7 CONNECTING TELEVISION MONITOR The ATARI 800 Computer Console has the option of using a television Monitor without the standard RF input cable contains a monitor jack see Figure 2 2 which accepts the optional monitor cables available from ATARI Refer to Chapter 1 para 1 8 Optional Equipment for the model number of the monitor cables Plug the monitor cable into both the Console and the television monitor 2 4 System Service Ma
97. s 5 3 1 Memo Pad Test This test is performed everytime the 400 800 Computer Console is either powered up turned ON or when the System Reset switch is depressed This is a Console Self Test contained in the Operating System 10K ROM of the 400 800 Computer Consoles After the Power ON OFF switch is set to ON the Operating System per forms a self test and displays the ATARI COMPUTER MEMO PAD logo to indicate a passing condition If the system fails to respond with the correct indication repeat the System Power Up sequence for a second time refer to Chapter 2 for instructions If the system still fails to display the Memo Pad Logo or if the screen displays any of the following symptoms refer to paragraph 5 4 Troubleshooting for instructions Green Screen Black Screen Power Indicator ON Power Indicator NOT ON Random Characters appear on Screen Character begins scrolling across Screen Unit Locks Up Memo Pad Logo does not appear Screen correct color shade not green not black ATARI Personal Computers 5 3 TROUBLESHOOTING PROCEDURE 1 SY STBM FAILS TO POWER UP CORRECT TROUBLESHOOTING PROCEDURE 2 SYSTBM FAILS TO POWER UP PICTURE QUALITY TEST ISOLATE FAILING TROUBLESHOOTING PROCEDURE 3 S Y STEM FAILS TO POWER UP CORRECT amp ASSED gt lt TEST gt
98. s Upper lower case Inverse video Full screen editing Four way cursor control with 29 keystroke graphics 170 Serial input output port for simple connection to peripherals Four controller jacks for joystick and paddle controller and light pen Language ATARI BASIC 8K ROM Program Cartridge included Display Highest graphics resolution 320 x 192 24 lines x 40 characters Three text modes Power AC step down transformer UL approved Dimensions 16 x 12 5 x 4 5 inches 9 75 pounds 1 12 System Service Manual 2 400 800 COMPUTER CONSOLES INSTALLATION 2 1 INTRODUCTION The following paragraphs provide instructions on unpacking system set up and check out adding peripheral devices and repacking for shipment 2 2 UNPACKING The ATARI 400 800 Computer Systems are a series of components which function together with the user s television set to form a single computer system The basic system consists of the following Computer Console e TV Switch Box e AC Power Adapter e 2 Instruction Manual Operators Manual ATARI BASIC Program Cartridge e ATARI Educational System I BAS IC La nguage e Ring Binder and Warranty Registration Other configurations of the basic system are being put together at ATARI Call or write ATARI for the latest information Remove the accessory tray from the packing box and check that it con tains all of the stan
99. s tems ATARI 400 Operator s Manual CO14768 ATARI 800 Operator s Manual CO14769 ATARI 810 Disk Drive Operator s Manual CO14760 ATARI 820 Printer Operator s Manual CO14762 ATARI 400 800 Basic Reference Manual CO15307 ATARI BASIC CO14385 1 6 System Service Manual 1 7 ATARI 400 800 COMPUTER CONSOLES PHYSICAL DESCRIPTION The ATARI 400 and 800 Computer Consoles are general purpose microcom puters based upon the 6502 microprocessor The ATARI 400 800 Con soles see Figure 1 3 are the central processing units CPU for their respective systems Each console comes standard with a built in keyboard 8K 16K of RAM ROM operating systems connector jacks for adding peripherals and hand controllers and 15 foot RF cable for connection to a user s television set The controller jacks on the front of both the 400 and 800 Consoles accept any of the three types of hand controllers available from ATARI The side panel of the 400 Console see Figure 1 4 contains periph eral jack power ON OFF switch and a power jack A channel 2 3 switch is located on the ba ck of the console to switch the console to channel 2 o r channel 3 transmission frequency The side panel of the 800 Console see Figure 1 5 contains a monitor jack a peripheral jack a channel 2 3 switch a power ON OFF switch and a power jack Both the 400 and 800 Console keyboards provide a full alphanumeric character set cursor controls and special purp
100. s for each port for a total of ten lines per port The two control lines for each port are used to accomplish the handshaking during the exchange of data on the eight data Iines The external output lines are described in the following paragraphs DO D7 Data Bus The eight bit bidirectional Data Bus transfers data to the PIA chip during an input operation and to the peripheral ports A and B during an output operation 7 Port A Lines Th ight bit peripheral port A lines are programmed lines which can serve both input and output operations The data direction register determines the direction data is transferred A logic 1 high at pin CA2 specifies output operation and a logic 0 low specifies an input operation PBO PB7 Port B Lines Th ight bit peripheral port B lines are programmed lines which can serve both input and output operations The data direction register determines the direction of data transfer A logic 1 high at pin CB2 specifies an output operation and a logic 0 low specifies an input operation VSS VCC is the 5V supply and VSS is ground for the integrated circuit Ph 2 or 2 Phase 2 Clock This signal is the Phase 2 clock signal generated at the microprocessor It is used to synchronize operations using the Data Bus RSO RS1 Register Select The two Register Select lines along with bit 2 of the Control Register and R W bit de
101. s procedure will help isolate the failing PCB if the suggested faulty PCB is not the problem Proceed with the following steps to isolate the faulty PCB 1 Disassemble the Console using the instructions outlined in ATARI Personal Computers 5 21 paragraph 5 5 for the 400 Consoler and paragraph 5 6 for the 800 Console 2 Clean the RAM Memory PCB and CPU PCB contact fingers per the instructions outlined in paragraph 5 2 1 PCB Contact Cleaning and Lubrication 3 Assemble the individual boards to operate the system out of the casting see Figures 5 10 and 5 11 Refer to paragraphs 5 7 and 5 8 for assembly instructions Plug low voltage power adapter into the System Power jack 4 Perform System Check Out refer to paragraph 5 3 Continue from this point if the system fails System Check Out Figure 5 11 800 Console Assembled Without Casting ATARI Personal Computers 5 21 The following is a list of guidelines to aid in the troubleshooting of faulty printed circuit boards Use only known good spares for substitution e After each printed circuit board is suhstitutedr retest system to determine if the problem has been Corrected Leave the substituted printed circuit board in the system until the defective part is identified Ensure that the System Power is OFF before substituting printed circuit boards Place defective part back into system and recheck to verify failure detection 5 Replace the printed
102. spacebar to initi ate TONE Test 2 Enter sound register number 1 to 4 to be tested when prompted by the screen display Eight tones are generated in succession starting with the highest pitch down to the lowest The first three tones are very high fre quencies and may be inaudible to some people Each tone starts at maximum volume and fades to minimum volume The complete TONE Test steps 1 and 2 should be run for each of the our sound registers 5 16 System Service Manual Figure 5 9 PORT Test Error Table Screen Display 5 4 TROUBLESHOOTING GUIDI The following table provides a list of possible failures at different points in the power up sequence and preceeding test procedures The table will list the failure probable cause and the appropriate test procedure to isolate the problem to a printed circuit board or inte grated circuit ATARI Personal Computers 5 17 Table 5 1 Troubleshooting Guide Description Possible failure Test Procedure MEMO PAD TEST Green Screen e Black Screen Loose pr dirty e Random Characters on WIEN SRAM t or CPU boards Screen Unit Locks Up Motherboard 2 Character begin scrolling across screen VISUAL INSPECTION Damaged or bent pins Replace damaged 2 board Cover Closed switch will 2 not work properly Plunger Power Supply RF Cable cut badly damaged
103. ss lines To accomplish this a fourteen bit address is sent to the address demultiplexer which first passes the lower seven bits to the RAM chips as a Row Address ATARI Personal Computer 4 3 After an appropriate delay the highest seven bits are passed as Column Address Data is then either put in or taken out of the location selected Direction of data flow is determined by the Read Write line Refresh occurs at least every 2 milliseconds The refresh signal is generated on the CPU printed circuit board 4 2 5 Keyboard The keyboard generates alphanumeric characters as well as special graphic symbols The keyboard allows the operator to communicate with the Console system for writing programs or responding to preprogrammed cassettes cartridges The keyboard consists of fifty seven normally open switches They are scanned at a rapid rate and when a switch is found closed that scan pattern is sent to the microprocessor for encoding 4 2 6 Power Supply The Power Supply printed circuit board receives 9 Vac from an external power adapter transformer and provides 5 Vdc 12 Vdc and 5 for the Console system The Power ON OFF switch is mounted on the Power Supply pcb and removes input power by opening the 9 Vac line An additional interlock switch removes power from the system when the operator opens the top panel to install or remove Program Cartridges The RF Module also resides on the Pow
104. state refers to the three states that can occur in the device the first state pin 1 going high and pin 13 staying low allows data to flow through the data buffer in the direction of the CPU the second state pin 13 going high and pin 1 staying low allows data to flow through the data buffer in the direction of the POKEY chip the PIA chip and the Personality pcb the third state with pin 1 and pin 13 both staying low creates a high impedance condition in the data buffers and allows other devices to transmit data on the Data Bus lines This high impedance state also isolates the CPU and the RAM pcbs from noise generated from a device using the Data Bus lines 4 3 3 2 Decoder The I O Decoder integrated circuit 71010 is one of eight decoder demultiplexer Refer to the description provided in Section 4 3 2 The I O Decoder is the same in the 400 and 800 but is labeled Z101 in the 800 console and 7105 in the 400 Console 4 3 3 3 Composite Video The 400 and 800 Motherboards route the Composite video signals COMP CHROMA COMP LUM MOD and COMP VIDEO to the Power Supply to build the RF video output 4 3 4 ROM Personality Board The ROM Personality printed circuit board plugs into connector jack J107 and occupies memory Iocations D800 through FFFF The Personality board contains the operating system on three ROM chips two chips and one 2K chip See Figures 4 9 and 4 10 The two 4K ROM chips
105. t 4 Registers 8 Tones each Proceed with each of the following tests noting any errors that occur Display Option The test procedures and results can be varied by entering Display Option commands To enter the commands you must first type D and carriage return or spacebar to enter the D isplay Option Mode Once in the Display Option Mode the screen will prompt you to enter the test format either a PASS FAIL indication or an E RROR TABLE display Enter P PASS FAIL Indication E ERROR TABLE Display Next the scree n will prompt you to enter the test moder either SINGLE TEST or CONTINUOUS TESTING Enter S SINGLE TEST C CONTINUOUS TESTING 7 These special options are only used with the RAM Memory and Port Tests VIDEO TESTS The video test consists of a series of three tests designed to check video display color adjustment and screen luminosity 1 A ANY O TEST ATARI Personal Computers 5 9 1 Enter Command Letter A carriage return or spacebar Refer to Figure 5 3 for correct screen display Check the V s in the upper right of the screen to be sure they are not inverted Observe if any of the vertical bars are missing or appear in a different sequence than Figure 5 3 Figure 5 3 Any Video Test Screen Display GRAYBAR TEST Enter Command Letter G carriage return or spacebar
106. t is routed through the A203 integrated circuit to develop the RF output J203 A peripheral connector jack J202 for the 400 Console and J204 for the 800 Console provides the serial data in data out port for the system Devices are daisy chained together from this one output port Each peripheral device is identified by a unique address enabling all devices to reside on one output port Also contained on the 800 Power Supply board is the Monitor connector jack J205 Present at J205 is the Composite video signals to drive a video monitor The 800 Power Supply board also contains switches S204 through S207 These switches are the System Reset Option Select Game Select and Game Start respectively 4 3 7 ROM Cartridge The ATARI ROM Cartridge contains two ROM chips designed to provide a specific program application See Figures 4 19 and 4 20 The 6502 microprocessor reads the information contained within the ROM chips by addressing memory locations BFFF through 8000 When the ROM Cartridges are inserted in the Motherboard they disable the RAM Memory address locations 8000 to BFFF in 8K increments The left ROM Cartridge overlays memory locations 000 to BFFF and the right ROM Cartridge overlays locations 8000 to 9FFF Hj ATARI Personal Computers 4 17 008 007 INWLY 24 jo sajnpow jpuoipun Jolow 9 1614 sw 193135 0 S3HOLIMS z E 13538 W31SAS A33
107. ta Bus Data Bus Data Bus Data Bus Phase 2 Clock Pot Scan Pot Scan Pot Scan Pot Scan Pot Scan Pot Scan Pot Scan Pot Scan Keyboard Scan 5 V Power Keyboard Scan Keyboard Scan Keyboard Scan VSS D4 05 D7 02 P7 4 5 2 P1 KR2 VDD K5 K4 K3 16 17 18 19 20 Figure 4 6 Pin Assignments of ATARI Custom Chips POKEY ANTIC and CTIA POKEY page 1 of 3 or 6 86 96 S ve 55 26 16 06 62 82 22 92 52 vz c 22 12 2 SID KRI BCLK OCLK SOD RQ 50 51 R W A3 A2 Al AO AUDIO 2 Keyboard Scan Keyboard Scan Keyboard Scan Serial Input Data Keyboard Scan Bidirection Clock Serial Output Clock Serial Output Data Interrupt Request Chip Select Chip Select Read Write Control Address Bus Address Bus Address Bus Address Bus Audio Out Data Bus Data Bus Data Bus 4 24 Ground CTIA Data CTIA Data Light Pen CTIA Data Interrupt Input Interrupt Output Refresh Halt Address Bus Address Bus Address Bus Address Bus Read Write Ready Address Bus Address Bus Address Bus Address Bus Address Bus VSS AN2 RNMI NMI REF HALT A3 A2 Al ag R W RDY A10 A12 A13 14 15 ANTIC Figure 4 6 Pin Assignments of ATARI Custom Chips POKEY ANTIC and CTIA page 2 of 3 65 85 Ze 96 Se ve
108. ted Circuit board installationr refer to Figure 5 27 e Plug in CPU printed circuit board Make sure component Side of board faces away from plastic Cartridge Guide and is firmly seated e Set Aluminum Casting on its back e Turn Motherboard upside down set Motherboard and Lower Shield into Aluminum Casting CAUTION Ensure CPU printed circuit board sits in its slot in the Aluminium Casting e Install nine screws no 6 32x5 8 in Lower Shield e Set system on its feet 4 Power Supply installation refer to Figure 5 26 Carefully line up Motherboard pins to Power Supply connector e Set Power Supply over guide pins on Aluminum Casting and gently press down Insert three screws 6 32x5 16 in Power Supply board e Reconnect Power Supply harness ATARI Personal Computers 5 44 CAUTION Plug in Power Supply harness cable with orange or purple wire towards Aluminium Casting e Plug RF Cable short tipped end into Power Supply jack 5 Module Assembly installation into Top Cover refer to Figure 5 25 e Set Top Cover on its back e Invert Module Assembly and lower into Top Cover Rotate Cartridge Door latches to the inside to clear Top Cover CAUTION Make sure RF Cable is not trapped between Power Supply board and Top Cover standoff upper left screw hole Raise Motherboard one inch out of Top Cover and plug in Keyboard harness Install two screws
109. termine the data path and function Selection combinations are shown in Table 4 1 R W Read Write This line is high for a Read operation and goes low for a Write operation R W together with 2 RS and CS control the operation of the PIA chip CSO CS1 CS2 Chip Selects These inputs are used to select the chip CS0 and CS1 must be high and CS2 low in order to select the PIA chip ATARI Personal Computers 4 9 Table 4 1 PIA Register Selection and Function RSO RS1 RwW CRA2 CRB2 Function 0 0 X 0 Read or Write Data Direction Register A 0 0 0 1 rite into Peripheral interface Register A 0 0 1 1 Read from A side input pins PAO 7 0 1 Read or Write Control Register 0 0 1 rite into Peripheral Interface Register B 0 X 0 Read or Write Data Direction Register B 0 1 1 Read from B side input pins PBO PB7 1 Read or Write Control Register Interrupt Requests These lines connect to the microprocessor IRQ line to provide interrupt requests The IRQ lines are open collector so that several can be connected together to the same input When the PIA chip wants to communicate with the microprocessor this line is set low Control of the IRQ lines is determined by the Control Registers A and B 1 CA2 Control lines CAl and CA2 are the control lines for th
110. the peripheral device When th data is read by the peripheral device it signals the microprocessor by setting 1 control line high RESET Setting this line low resets all the registers in the PIA It also inhibits false outputs on the Port or Data Lines Input Output Data Transfers The following paragraphs detail the procedures involved in typical Input Output operations Transfer of data to a peripheral device is performed by first writing data to the PIA The data is then put on the peripheral output line for use by the peripheral device The handshake procedure for the output of data to a peripheral device is as follows 1 microprocessor signals the peripheral device that data isavailable on the Data Out line SOD by setting the 1 control line high 2 The peripheral device reads the data and signals the microprocessor that the data has been read by setting the CB control line high 3 The microprocessor can either make new data available to the peripheral device and the cycle would be repeated or the transfer of data can be terminated The peripheral input port on the PIA chip is used to transfer data to the microprocessor The data from the peripheral device is made available on the input Data Bus 1 The handshake procedure for the transfer of data from a peripheral device to the input port is as follows 2 The

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