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Agilent Technologies 8156A Water Dispenser User Manual

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1. Figure D 2 Total Insertion Loss Test Setup 1 Options 201 221 HP 81532A HP 3153A a Agilent 8156A DUT Agilent Agilent o o 81000sI RE o0000000 Ak o0000000 o5 DOOOOOO0O Agilent ogaoga 81000FI Agilent 81113PC Figure D 3 Total Insertion Loss Test Setup 1 Option 350 HP 81532A HP si53 E Agilent 8156A DUT Agilent o o L81000A1 RN o0000000 AA 00000000 o 5 ooouogoo ogoogo Agilent 81501AC 3 On the DUT press and hold ATT to reset the attenuation to minimum any attenuation shown on the display is due to the calibration factor 4 Zero the Power meter and select Autorange Display dB 5 Enable the laser source and set Display to Reference on the power meter 6 Connect the equipment as shown in the appropriate Total Insertion Loss Test Setup 2 180 Performance Tests Performance Test Figure D 4 Total Insertion Loss Test Setup 2 Options 100 101 121 HP 81532A HP 8153A Source Agilent 8156A DUT Agilent U s1000AI ooga OA OOO00O0000 OOOO00000 Optical Isolator Figure D 5 Total Insertion Loss Test Setup 2 Options 201 221 HP 81532A HP 8153A Source Agilent 8156A DUT O Agilent o 8100081 JOO DODO goga I OU
2. HP 8153A Agilent _HP 8156A DUT 8g1000AI Agilent A Agilent 81000SI B 81000SI 00000000 o of 0000000 toh opoopo OOO00RDO Agilent 81000FI Agilent 81102SC Agilent 81113PC 3 Make sure that the instrument has warmed up 10 Disable the source cover the end of the patchcord for instance using the blue cap supplied with the fiber and press ZERO to remove offsets in the power meter Press PARAM to select the T parameter Set the averaging time to Is Press PARAM to select the parameter Edit this parameter and set it to the current wavelength of the source Enable the source Press PARAM to select the CAL REF parameter the current value for the known return loss is displayed with R at the side of the character field Attach the option 203 to the patchcord Use the DIN Through Adapter Agilent P N 1005 0255 to do this Set the reflection reference R to 0 98dB the default value of the return loss of the reference reflector 188 NOTE Figure D 11 Performance Tests Performance Test 11 Press DISP gt REF the value read should now be 0 98dB the same as the value entered for R 12 Press PARAM to select the REF AUX parameter 13 Terminate the cable by wrapping the fiber five times around the shaft of a screwdriver 14 Press DISP gt REF the instrument sets the termination parameter 15 Disable the DUT If you have the monitor option option 221
3. STATus PRESet Syntax STATus PRESet Description This command presets all the enable registers and transition filters for both the OPERation and QUEStionable nodes e All the bits in the ENABIle registers are set to 0 e All the bits in the PTRansition registers are set to 1 e All the bits in the NTRansition registers are set to 0 Example OUTPUT 728 STAT PRES 8 8 SYSTem Commands SYSTem ERRor Syntax SYSTem ERRor Description This query returns the next error from the error queue see The Error Queue on page 84 Each error consists of the error code and a short description of the error separated by a comma for example 0 No error Error codes are numbers in the range 32768 and 32767 Negative error numbers are defined by the SCPI standard Positive error numbers are device dependent The errors are listed in Display Messages on page 275 122 Remote Commands User Calibration Commands Example OUTPUT 728 SYST ERR ENTER 728 AS 8 9 User Calibration Commands Entering user calibration data can only be done over the GPIB This is done using the commands described here Entering the User Calibration Data To enter the data for the user calibration data you will need a power meter a tunable laser source and the attenuator If you are going to use the attenuator to compensate for some other device this should be included in the setup as well
4. Table C 1 Specifications Options 100 101 and 201 Option 100 Option 101 Option 201 Standard High High Return Performance Loss Wavelength Range 1200 1650nm Attenuation Range 60dB excluding insertion loss Fiber Type 9 125um single mode Connector Type straight contact angled contact Return Loss gt 35dB gt 45dB gt 60dB Insertion Loss typ 4 5dB 2 5dB Attenuation Accuracy linearity lt 0 24B 4 lt 0 1dB typical lt 0 1dB 41 lt 0 090B Repeatability lt 0 01dB typical lt 0 005dB Polarization Dependent Loss lt 0 15dBpp lt 0 08dBpp typical lt 0 075dBpp lt 0 02dBpp Polarization Mode Dispersion 4fs Useful Back Reflection Range 9 0 to 35dB 5 0 to 45dB 5 0 to 60dB e Typical depends on performance of external connector 167 Table C 2 Specifications Specifications e 2 Includes insertion loss of two HMS 10 connectors Typical variation over temperature range lt 0 3dBpp e 3 Measured at constant temperature e 4 With narrow linewidth lasers such as DFB lasers power fluctuations up to 0 2dBpp may occur Monitor Output Options Option 121 Option 221 High High Return Performance Loss Wavelength Range 1200 1650nm Attenuation Range 60dB excluding insertion loss Fiber Type 9 125um single mode Connector Type straight contact angled contact Return Loss gt 45dB gt
5. 50 53 STARE oesreste 124 STAR soies 125 OUTPUE iieis 113 114 STAT enpeis onise 125 STATE siamasseimess 126 STATUS weeeeececece eee 116 l Taa 118 TIO ieies 120 AD Te 4 pied E 122 Status Common 93 Status Byte 00 94 Ss ee ere 101 LOD escasses 115 117 Status byte sesoses 84 STATus nodes 114 STEP Automatic sweep 30 A8 49 54 Default 50 53 Manual sweep 31 Sleek 52 Resetting 50 53 STOP esnetegi 126 Automatic sweep 30 Be wine 49 Default 50 53 Manual sweep 31 OL cate 52 Resetting 50 53 Swe Hardware setup 4 Syntax esnin 86 SYSTem sesiasioesas 122 288 Index T Temperature considerations Tempek Pset jiaescccsdeceeses 34 Cooling 06 148 OG o3 Operating 148 Storing 2 148 V Temperature variation 116 118 VALUE ou eeeeeeeeeeee 126 Wavelength cars data VALUE noos 127 i Br sateen ree oneness 60 He steten eae 60 Through power 112 113 WAVelength 109 Default 113 Wavelength 33 Maximum 113 AO ssasusancereitons 67 Minimum 113 109 ESAE EES 110 Through power mode 33 Default 6 41 1O raktai 110 109 110 111 Maximum 109 THRUPOWR 33 ia 110 TO ae ster 71 Sy 109 Default 71 110 Resetting 71 Resetting BEE Ara Al BANS
6. scccsscosssssssssssscssscscseee L71 C 4 Declaration of Conformity cccsccsssscssssrcesee 172 17 Table of Contents D Performance Tests D 1 Equipment Required ccsccsssscssssccssssscsssseeeee 175 D2 Test R cord ssticdiiceseciiivtesssteeiesnicineniciicaick 17 D 3 Test F ilte si sccecctencccceiceschchasccpnsctivcncetithesvcceastacceiee 7 D 4 Instrument Specification cccccsssccssssssesrreee 177 D 5 Performance Test ccccccscssssscscsssssscsssssssssssoel 18 I Total Insertion Loss Test cccccccccecssseceeseceeseeeeesseeeenses 179 II Linearity Attenuation Accuracy Test wo eee 182 HMI Attenuation Repeatability Test 00 0 eee eee 184 IV Return Loss Test c cccccccsssecsecceeesseecssseeecsneeensseeeesees 185 D 6 V Polarization Dependent Loss PDL Optional 191 Polarization Dependant Loss Test Mueller method 192 E Cleaning Information Cleaning Instructions for this Instrument 0 ee 248 E 1 Safety Precautions ccccscccsrcccssscsscsescsesscoenes 249 E 2 Why is it important to clean optical devices 249 E 3 What do I need for proper cleaning 250 Standard Cleaning Equipment 0 eee ceeeeeceeeeeees 250 Additional Cleaning Equipment 00 eee eeeeeeeeeeeeees 253 E 4 Preserving Connectors ccsscccsssscsssssesssssesesreeee 250 Making Connections 00 0 0 cece ceseeceeeeeeceeeeeeecaeeeses
7. 217 Performance Test for the Agilent 8156A Option 121 Performance Tests V Polarization Dependent Loss PDL Optional Page 4 of 8 Model Agilent 8156A Attenuator Option 121 No Date Test Test Description Minimum Maximum Measurement No performed at nm Spec Result Spec Uncertainty I Linearity Att Acc cont 0 05dB Attenuation Setting 11dB 10 9dB 11 1dB 12dB 11 9dB 12 1dB 13dB 12 9dB 13 1dB 14dB 13 9dB 14 1dB 24dB 23 9dB 24 1dB 34dB 33 9dB 34 1dB 44dB 43 9dB 44 1dB 54dB 53 9dB 54 1dB 60dB 59 9dB 60 1dB 218 Performance Test for the Agilent 8156A Option 121 Performance Tests V Polarization Dependent Loss PDL Optional Page 5 of 8 Model Agilent 8156A Attenuator Option 121 No Date Test Test Description Minimum Maximum Measurement No performed at nm Spec Result Spec Uncertainty Ill Att Repeatability Test 0 01dB Attenuation Setting 1dB Disp Ref 0 01dB 0 01dB 5dB Disp Ref 0 01dB 0 01dB 12dB Disp Ref 0 01dB 0 01dB 24dB Disp Ref 0 01dB 0 01dB 36dB Disp Ref 0 01dB 0 01dB 48dB Disp Ref 0 01dB 0 01dB 53dB Disp Ref 0 01dB 0 01dB 60dB Disp Ref 0 01dB 0 01dB IV Return Loss Test Input 40dB 0 60dB typ gt 45dB Output 40dB 0 60dB 219 Performance Tests V Polarization Dependent Loss PDL Optional Performance Test for the Agilent 8156A Option 121 Page 6 of 8 Model Ag
8. ce eseeseeeseeeneees 63 Figure 5 1 The LAMBDCAL Indicator on the Display 0 0 0 ceeeseeseesseeeeeeeeeeseeeenees 68 Figure 5 2 The USERCAL Indicator on the Display eee eeceeseceseeeeeeeneeeneeenees 69 Figure 5 3 The Display in Through Power Mode 0 0 ees eseeseeesecesecesteeeeeeseeeaeeeeaees 70 Figure 6 1 The Display when Recalling the Default Setting 00 0 eeeeeeeeeeee 77 Figure 8 1 Common Status Registers 0 0 ec ceeeceseeseeeeeeseeceaeeeseceseceeeeeeeeseseaeeenaes 94 Figure 8 2 The Status Registers ei i aea EE AA E NER E N a 116 Figure 9 1 Hardware Configuration for Attenuation Example A oo eee eee 135 Figure 9 2 Hardware Configuration for Attenuation Example B ou eee 136 Figure A 1 Line Power Cables Plug Identification cic eeeeeeeceseeeeeeeeeeeneeeeees 144 Figure A 2 Rear Panel Markings 000 0 ee escesssceseceseeeeceseeeseeeseeceaecsaeceaeeseeseeeeeneeeaees 145 Figure A 3 Releasing the Fuse Holder oo cece ceecescceseceseeeneeseeeceaecnseeseecseseneeenees 147 Figure A 4 The Fuse Holder seiiher rii en eee ial vise dete ween te deee nodes 147 Figure A 5 Correct Positioning of the Attenuator ceesececeeeeceteeeeeeeeeeeneeeaees 149 Figure A 6 GPIB Connector oo cece ceecceeeseeeesecceceseeeeeeseeceeeseneecaecsaecsaeeseeesseseneeeaees 151 Figure B 1 Straight Contact Connector Configuration 00 0 0 ceeeseceseeeeeeeeeeeneeeeees 159 23 List of Figures Figure B 2 Angled Contact Connector Configuration 0 0
9. 116 Remote Commands STATus Commands e Bit 7 which is 1 after the instrument has repositioned the attenuator filter due to a change in temperature Example OUTPUT 728 STAT OPER COND ENTER 728 AS STATus OPERation ENABle Syntax STATus OPERat ion ENABle lt wsp gt lt value gt Description This command sets the bits in the ENABle register that enable the contents of the EVENt register to affect the Status Byte STB Setting a bit in this register to 1 enables the corresponding bit in the EVENt register to affect bit 7 of the Status Byte STATus OPERation ENABle Syntax STATus OPERation ENABle Description This query returns the current contents of the OPERation ENABIle register Example OUTPUT 728 STAT OPER ENAB 138 OUTPUT 728 STAT OPER ENAB ENTER 728 AS STATus OPERation EVENt Syntax STATus OPERation EVENt Description This query reads the contents of the OPERation EVENt register Only three bits of the event register are used whether these bits contain information depends on the transition register configuration 117 Remote Commands STATus Commands Example Bit 1 which is 1 when the motor that positions the attenuator filter is settling Bit 3 which is 1 while the instrument is performing an attenuation sweep Bit 7 which is 1 after the instrument has reposit
10. 166 Request Service 94 Resetting the instrument 54 OD y urin a 77 RESOLUT 74 Default 74 Resetting 74 Return loss 166 Calculation 32 RL INPUT 60 Default 61 Resetting 61 RL REBE jecccestescasss 60 Default 61 Resetting 61 ROS ssssdesnecnceteveseees 94 TOL isisisi 102 S Safety ccccceeseseees 143 Safety class 143 SCPI A isiineastecse he 81 Long form 85 Reference works 81 Index Short form 85 Selftest ceseee 103 Serial number 97 Serial poll 00 94 Service Request 94 Service Request Enable 94 Service Request Enable regis Eroa a 94 99 iira ein 101 102 Setting ooeeesesosssseoe 99 Contents 77 100 Default T1 99 Power on ssssss 72 Recalling 77 99 Storing 77 00 Settling time Filter niers 48 Short form 85 SHUTTER 72 83 Default ossis 73 Resetting 73 Shutter 2c c cceass cee 113 Power on 6 73 K Default 73 Resetting 73 Specifications 165 SRO osaid oiea 94 Standard Commands for Pro grammable Instruments 81 START Automatic sweep 30 48 49 54 Default 50 53 Manual sweep 31 Oly atic 52 Resetting
11. 101 JOZ Siia 114 115 assesi 122 Condition register 116 Enable register 117 Event register 117 Negative transition register Positive transition register 118 119 Optical Output 150 Disabling 150 Optical Termination 150 Option isc badtestacatctals 157 DOT anaana 59 QUETI resres dassi 98 OUTPUt s sossissatsss 110 VDD s arises 112 1 hes Parnes 114 Output queue 84 J8 tirann 99 103 P PON SET 72 Default 72 Resetting 72 Parser xi cviceisbesesceaiss os 98 Starting 6 84 Polarization dependent loss 165 Polarization mode dispersion 166 POWer seieccesvesse ees 112 Power cable 144 Power plug rewiring 006 145 Power requirements 144 POWEer cs cccsadseadseds 113 Power on eeee0e 144 Power on Setting 72 PRESET niorse 122 Press ss riese ieia 49 DO acetates 52 Dy anain 54 Gos cade nns 77 78 Programming General 85 Protective earth symbol 143 PTRansition 118 121 PTRansition register 115 122 PTRansition 119 121 Q QUEStionable 119 L202 minnean 121 287 Questionable status 101 LOZ iias 114 Leys cecscteaiet es 122 Condition register 119 Enable register 119 120 Event register 120 Negative transition register 20 121 Positive transition register R Repeatability
12. 3 Opt Sensor Module 81532A 4 Return Loss Module 81534A 5 Reference Reflector 81000BR 6 Universal Through Adapter 81000UM 7 1 Optical Isolator 1310nm 81210LI 7 2 Optical Isolator 1550nm or 81310LI Opt O11 8 Connector Interface 6ea 81000AI 9 1 Single Mode Fiber lea 81101AC 9 2 Single Mode Fiber 81109AC 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 209 Performance Tests V Polarization Dependent Loss PDL Optional Performance Test for the Agilent 8156A Option 101 Page 3 of 8 Model Agilent 8156A Attenuator Option 101 No Date Test Test Description Minimum Maximum Measurement No performed at nm Spec Result Spec Uncertainty I Total Insertion Loss Test dB 0 60dB typ lt 2 5dB measured at nm with singlemode fiber 3 0 dB Il Linearity Att Acc 0 05dB Attenuation Setting 0dB REF 1dB 0 9dB 1 1dB 2dB 1 9dB 2 1dB 3dB 2 9dB 3 1dB 4dB 3 9dB 4 1dB 5dB 4 9dB 5 1dB 6dB 5 9dB 6 1dB 7dB 6 9dB 7 1dB 8dB 7 9dB 8 1dB 9dB 8 9dB 9 1dB 10dB 9 9dB 10 1dB 210 Performance Test for the Agilent 8156A Option 101 Performance Tests V Polarization Dependent Loss PDL Optional Page 4 of 8 Model Agilent 8156A Attenuator Option 101 No Date Test Test Description Minimum Maximum Measurement No performed at nm Spec Result Spec Uncertainty I Linearity Att Acc cont 0 05dB Attenuation Setting 1
13. The steps to enter the user calibration data are 1 Set up the hardware The following steps can be programmed to make the procedure easy as the calibration values must be entered using the GPIB anyway 2 Disable the tunable laser source Execute a zero on the power meter Set the attenuation to 0 Mo pa Set the wavelength on the tunable laser source the attenuator and the power meter to the start wavelength Enable the tunable laser source and the attenuator Set the power meter to dB and execute a Display to Reference Set the desired attenuation on the attenuator 8000 sl OS Start the user calibration with the data for the start wavelength and the wavelength stepsize 123 Remote Commands User Calibration Commands This is done with the UCALibration STARt command 10 A Actart 11 Repeat the following steps until A gt Agiop a Set on the tunable laser source the attenuator and the power meter b Read the power Power c Power Power d Set the user calibration value to Power This is done with the UCALibration VALue command e A A Astepsize 12 Stop the user calibration This is done with the UCALibration STOP command UCALibration STARt Syntax UCALibration STARt lt wsp gt lt start_value gt lt step_value gt Description This command starts the entering of the user calibration data You must send two values with this command the wavelength of the first
14. cceeeesceseecneceeeceeeeeeeeees 160 Figure D 1 Total Insertion Loss Test Setup 1 Options 100 101 121 oo 179 Figure D 2 Total Insertion Loss Test Setup 1 Options 201 221 owes 180 Figure D 3 Total Insertion Loss Test Setup 1 Option 350 oo eee eeeeeeteeeeeeeees 180 Figure D 4 Total Insertion Loss Test Setup 2 Options 100 101 121 ow 181 Figure D 5 Total Insertion Loss Test Setup 2 Options 201 221 owes 181 Figure D 6 Total Insertion Loss Test Setup 2 Option 350 oe eeeeeeeneeeeeeeee 182 Figure D 7 Return Loss Test Setup 1 Options 100 101 121 occ 185 Figure D 8 Return Loss Test Setup 2 Options 100 101 oo ee eeeeeeceneeeeeeees 187 Figure D 9 Return Loss Test Setup 2 Option 121 oo eeeesecnseceeeceeceeeeeeenees 187 Figure D 10 Return Loss Test Setup 1 Options 201 221 oo eee eeceeeeeeeeeeeeees 188 Figure D 11 Return Loss Test Setup 2 Option 201 oo eee eseceseceeceeeceteeeneeeees 189 Figure D 12 Return Loss Test Setup 2 Option 221 wo eseccnseceeeeeeceteteeeeeees 190 Figure D 13 PDL Test Setup 1 Reference Measurement 0 0 0 0 cee ceeeeeeeeeneeeeeeeees 192 Figure D 14 PDL Test Setup 2 Power after DUT oe ce eseecnseceecneceneeeeeeeees 198 24 List of Tables Table 7 1 GPIB Capabilities seiten ninaa ea a ea E Ea ETEA Ea E E a ea Ea 82 Table 8 1 Units and Allowed Mnemonics esesesseesesesreeresresstsrrsresrssrssesrreseesrssrees 89 Table 8 2 Common Command Summary ssssseeesseeeeeeeeesseesrsstesissrsseesrtsresresres
15. 12 13 14 15 16 230 Performance Test for the Agilent 8156A Option 221 Performance Tests V Polarization Dependent Loss PDL Optional Page 3 of 8 Model Agilent 8156A Attenuator Option 221 No Date Test Test Description Minimum Maximum Measurement No performed at nm Spec Result Spec Uncertainty I Total Insertion Loss Test dB 0 60dB typ lt 3 3dB measured at nm with singlemode fiber 4 2 dB Il Linearity Att Acc 0 05dB Attenuation Setting 0dB REF 1dB 0 9dB 1 1dB 2dB 1 9dB 2 1dB 3dB 2 9dB 3 1dB 4dB 3 9dB 4 1dB 5dB 4 9dB 5 1dB 6dB 5 9dB 6 1dB 7dB 6 9dB 7 1dB 8dB 7 9dB 8 1dB 9dB 8 9dB 9 1dB 10dB 9 9dB 10 1dB 231 Performance Test for the Agilent 8156A Option 221 Performance Tests V Polarization Dependent Loss PDL Optional Page 4 of 8 Model Agilent 8156A Attenuator Option 221 No Date Test Test Description Minimum Maximum Measurement No performed at nm Spec Result Spec Uncertainty I Linearity Att Acc cont 0 05dB Attenuation Setting 11dB 10 9dB 11 1dB 12dB 11 9dB 12 1dB 13dB 12 9dB 13 1dB 14dB 13 9dB 14 1dB 24dB 23 9dB 24 1dB 34dB 33 9dB 34 1dB 44dB 43 9dB 44 1dB 54dB 53 9dB 54 1dB 60dB 59 9dB 60 1dB 232 Performance Test for the Agilent 8156A Option 221 Performance Tests V Polarization Dependent Loss PDL Optional Page 5 of 8 Model Agilent 8156A Atten
16. 48 Making an Attenuation Sweep The Automatic Sweep Figure 3 2 The Parameters for an Automatic Sweep start Starting the Setting Up To select the automatic sweep 1 Press SWP 2 Ifitis not already set use T or U to set SWEEP to AUTO T Figure 3 3 Selecting the Automatic Sweep Application go H B ERER Bes al ot B g tae gg ooo g g pooo goo Poof 8 HG F Opo E 8 Boog Boog B B B Tooo H Oooo Editing the Parameters To edit the value of the parameters 3 Press SWP again to get START 4 Edit the value of START with the Modify keys 5 Press SwP again to get STOP 49 Making an Attenuation Sweep The Automatic Sweep Edit the value of STOP with the Modify keys 6 7 Press SwP again to get STEP 8 Edit the value of STEP with the Modify keys 9 Press SWP again to get DWELL 10 Edit the value of DWELL with the Modify keys See Using the Modify Keys on page 29 for information on editing with the Modify keys Resetting the Parameters To reset any of the sweep parameters press and hold SwP until the value resets this takes approximately two seconds START and STOP reset so that the filter attenuation inside the instrument is zero that is Start Cal or Stop Cal See Entering a Calibration Factor on page 39 for information about setting the calibration factor Cal STEP resets to zero DWELL resets to 0 2 seconds Executing the Automatic S
17. Optional Performance Test for the Agilent 8156A Option 121 Page 2 of 8 Model __ Module Report No Date Test Equipment Used Description Model No Trace No Cal Due Date 1 Power Meter 8153A 2al CW Laser Sources 1310nm 81552SM 2a2 CW Laser Sources 1550nm 81553SM 2b CW Laser Sources 1310 1550nm or 81554SM 3 Opt Sensor Module 81532A 4 Return Loss Module 81534A 5 Reference Reflector 81000BR 6 Universal Through Adapter 81000UM 7 1 Optical Isolator 1310nm 81210LI 7 2 Optical Isolator 1550nm 81310LI Opt011 8 Connector Interface 7ea 81000AI 9 1 Single Mode Fiber lea 81101AC 9 2 Single Mode Fiber 81109AC 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 216 Performance Tests V Polarization Dependent Loss PDL Optional Performance Test for the Agilent 8156A Option 121 Page 3 of 8 Model Agilent 8156A Attenuator Option 121 No Date Test Test Description Minimum Maximum Measurement No performed at nm Spec Result Spec Uncertainty I Total Insertion Loss Test dB 0 60dB typ lt 3 3dB measured at nm with singlemode fiber 4 2 dB I Linearity Att Acc 0 05dB Attenuation Setting 0dB REF 1dB 0 9dB 1 1dB 2dB 1 9dB 2 1dB 3dB 2 9dB 3 1dB 4dB 3 9dB 4 1dB 5dB 4 9dB 5 1dB 6dB 5 9dB 6 1dB 7dB 6 9dB 7 1dB 8dB 7 9dB 8 1dB 9dB 8 9dB 9 1dB 10dB 9 9dB 10 1dB
18. lt value gt PTRansition lt value gt PTRansition lt value gt QUEStionable EVENt lt value gt CONDition lt value gt ENABle lt value gt ENABle lt value gt NTRansition lt value gt NTRansition lt value gt PTRansition lt value gt PTRansition lt value gt PRESet SYSTem ERRor lt value gt 32768 32767 UCALibration STARt lt start_value gt M M 1200nm 0 0 lt step_value gt Inm 92 Remote Commands The Common Commands Parameter Command Response Unit Min Max Default STARt lt start_value gt lt step_value gt lt no_of_steps gt MM STATe OFFIONIOI1 STATe oll STOP VALue lt value gt DB 99 999dB 99 999dB VALue lt value gt DB These are specified minimum and maximum values with the calibration factor INPut OFFSet set to zero Actual values depend on the instrument and the calibration factor These values are interdependent start value numberofstep 1 x step value lt 1650nm 8 3 The Common Commands The IEEE 488 2 standard has a list of reserved commands called common commands These are the commands that start with an asterisk Some of these commands must be implemented by any instrument using the standard others are optional This section describes the implemented commands Common Status Information There are four registers for the common status information Two of these are status registers and two are enable reg
19. make sure that the cable at the monitor output is terminated 16 Connect the 81102SC patchcord to the 8156A input and note the Return Loss result in the Test Record 17 Connect the 81102SC patchcord to the 8156A output and note the Return Loss result in the Test Record Return Loss Test Setup 2 Option 201 Source HP 81534A HP 8153A Agilent Agilent 8156A DUT 81000AI A Agilent OG 81000SI DODDODOO On OOO000 oY opoo ooog Agilent 81000FI Agilent 811025C Agilent 81113PC Agilent 81000SI 189 Performance Tests Performance Test Figure D 12 Return Loss Test Setup 2 Option 221 Source HP 81534A TT Agilent 3 HP 8153A Agilent Agilent 8156A DUT y _ Agilent Ox Agilent OG 81000SI gt 8100081 00000000 olof ooocc00a Ar Ooo0000g ooo Agilent 81000FI peleni H 1020C Agilent 81113PC 190 Table D 2 Instrument Accessory Performance Tests V Polarization Dependent Loss PDL Optional D 6 V Polarization Dependent Loss PDL Optional Equipment for th Polarization Controller Lightwave Multimeter Mainframe Optical Head Interface CW Laser Source 1310nm Optical Head Depolarizing Filter Connector Interface Connector Interface Connector Interface Connector Adapter Connector Adapter Single Mode Fiber Single
20. 11 12 13 14 15 16 202 Performance Tests V Polarization Dependent Loss PDL Optional Performance Test for the Agilent 8156A Option 100 Page 3 of 8 Model Agilent 8156A Attenuator Option 100 No Date Test Test Description Minimum Maximum Measurement No performed at nm Spec Result Spec Uncertainty I Total Insertion Loss Test dB 0 60dB typ lt 4 5dB measured at nm with singlemode fiber 5 4 dB I Linearity Att Acc 0 05dB Attenuation Setting 0dB REF 1dB 0 8dB 1 2dB 2dB 1 8dB 2 2dB 3dB 2 8dB 3 2dB 4dB 3 8dB 4 2dB 5dB 4 8dB 5 2dB 6dB 5 8dB 6 2dB 7dB 6 8dB 7 2dB 8dB 7 8dB 8 2dB 9dB 8 8dB 9 2dB 10dB 9 8dB 10 2dB 203 Performance Test for the Agilent 8156A Option 100 Performance Tests V Polarization Dependent Loss PDL Optional Page 4 of 8 Model Agilent 8156A Attenuator Option 100 No Date Test Test Description Minimum Maximum Measurement No performed at nm Spec Result Spec Uncertainty Il Linearity Att Acc 0 05dB Attenuation Setting 11dB 10 8dB 11 2dB 12dB 11 8dB 12 2dB 13dB 12 8dB 13 2dB 14dB 13 8dB 14 2dB 24dB 23 8dB 24 2dB 34dB 33 8dB 34 2dB 44dB 43 8dB 44 2dB 54dB 53 8dB 54 2dB 60dB 59 8dB 60 2dB 204 Performance Test for the Agilent 8156A Option 100 Performance Tests V Polarization Dependent Loss PDL Optional Page 5 of 8 Model Agilent 8156A Attenuato
21. 169 Specifications Specifications A Entering of wavelength for automatic correction of attenuation using typical correction values Cal Offset factor to adjust the attenuation factor on the display within 99 999dB range Disp Cal Sets attenuation value on the display to 0 000dB Swp Manual or automatic up or down attenuation sweep Start stop step size and dwell time not for manual sweep can be entered Back Refl Desired return loss back reflection level can be entered Requires Agilent 81000BR back reflector or Option 203 Enb Dis Optical signal path interrupted with shutter gt 80dB isolation Store Recall 9 user selectable parameter settings may be stored and recalled Recall of default setting General Recalibration period 1 year Warm up time 45 Minutes Not required if previously stored within operating temperature range GPIB Capability All modes and parameters can be programmed SCPI command set 8157A compatibility mode GPIB Interface Function Code SH1 AH1 T6 L4 SR1 RL1 PPO DC2 DTO CO Environmental Storage temperature 40 to 70 C Operating temperature 0 to 55 C Humidity lt 95 R H to 40 C Altitude to 10 000 feet 170 Specifications Other Specifications Installation Category IEC 664 IT Pollution Degree IEC 664 2 Specifications valid at non condensing conditions Power 100 110 220 240V 10 90VA max 48 400Hz rms Battery Bac
22. 6 Edit the value attenuator return loss with the Modify keys See Using the Modify Keys on page 29 for information on editing with the Modify keys Resetting the Parameters To reset any of the back reflector parameters press and hold BACK REFL until the value resets this takes approximately two seconds INS LOSS resets to 2 000dB RL REF resets to 14 700dB the return loss for the glass air interface at an open connector RL INPUT resets to 60 000dB Executing the Back Reflector Application If you have just set up the application then you only need to press EXEC to run the application 61 Using your Attenuator as a Variable Back Reflector Example Setting a Return Loss If you have already set up the application and are currently operating the instrument as an attenuator 1 Press BACK REFL and then 2 Press EXEC Figure 4 3 Executing the Back Reflector Application A N dB k A ZS oo00 o o0_0 o pooo gooo0 poooo O o0 0 gg Go go 200 O 0 0000 ia ooo 9g oo o oo a a m og og Oo jes ee e T og Oo oo oo oo 0 og o o0 00 20m0 000 0O 00o 00 ooo 0 oo oo 0o00 0o00 cooo O om 0 ogporo0gpro0 0 0000 0 A BPE og p aao P ge ap BE E R B Rian 0m0 0 oO o0 0 o0 00000 Ooo00 o o oo Oo 00 0 om0 0 O ooo The value shown at the top left of the display is the return loss of the instrument You can edit the value of the return loss with the Modify keys 4 3 Example Setting a Return Loss This examp
23. 8156A More detail is given on these features in the following chapters The main features of the Agilent 8156A other than its use as an attenuator are its built in sweep and back reflector applications its through power mode which displays the power at the output of the instrument rather than the amount of attenuation set and its selection of wavelength calibration possibilities 28 NOTE Figure 1 1 Getting Started Using the Attenuator 1 1 Using the Attenuator Before using the instrument you should make sure that it is properly warmed up The instrument is properly warmed up when it has been switched on for a minimum of 45 minutes Failure to do this can cause errors of up to 0 04dB in the attenuation Set the attenuation of the filter using ATT attenuation factor A wavelength and CAL calibration factor The Attenuator Keys IEIET Ca airi LH H Dw 3 HH n PARAM ATT 000 00 noo ooo o o ooi ooo ago oo000 qo fn D og B D gooo nga coda f o ia oo 5 og H no BA Sood Pood om Parameter cam Gms Gn mee eS Ah at The attenuation factor and the calibration factor set the position of the filter The calibration factor allows you to offset the value of the attenuation factor Att dB Cal dB Attenuation fiirer dB In addition you can use DISP gt CAL to transfer the current attenuation factor to the calibrati
24. Agilent 81000AI ooo000000 oQo0o000000 OF Oo0o000000 Agilent 81101AC a Make sure that the power sensor is installed in the multimeter mainframe in channel A and the source is in channel B 135 Programming Examples Example 3 Measuring and Including the Insertion Loss b Connect both instruments to the electric supply c Switch on both instruments NOTE Under normal circumstances you should leave the instruments to warmup The multimeter needs around 20 minutes to warmup The attenuator needs around 45 minutes with the shutter open to warmup Warming up is necessary for accuracy of the sensor and the output power of the source d Connect a patchcord from the source to the input of the sensor 2 For the second part of the example reconfigure the hardware to include the attenuator a Disconnect the source from the sensor and connect it to the input of the attenuator Figure 9 2 Hardware Configuration for Attenuation Example B b Connect a patchcord from the output of the attenuator to the sensor 136 Programming Examples Example 3 Measuring and Including the Insertion Loss Listing 10 Dees Sess Se SSS SSS SaaS eS aS ease 20 30 Programming Example 3 40 i 50 Measuring the Insertion Loss and using it as a Cal factor 60 f 70 REE E So Sas See ea See See eee 80 90 Definitions and Initi
25. BITS MNEMONICS BIT VALUE 7 Operation Status 128 6 Request Status 64 5 Event Status Byte 32 4 Message Available 16 3 Questionable Status 8 2 Not used 0 1 Not used 0 0 Not used 0 101 Remote Commands The Common Commands NOTE Bit 6 cannot be masked SRE The service request enable query returns the contents of the service request enable register Example OUTPUT 728 SRE 48 OUTPUT 728 SRE ENTER 728 AS STB Syntax STB Definition The read status byte query returns the contents of the status byte register 0 lt contents lt 255 Table 8 8 The Status Byte Register BITS MNEMONICS BIT VALUE 7 Operation Status 128 6 Request Service 64 5 Event Status Byte 32 4 Message Available 16 3 Questionable Status 8 2 Not used 0 1 Not used 0 0 Not used 0 Example OUTPUT 728 STB ENTER 728 AS 102 Remote Commands The Common Commands TST Syntax TST Definition The self test query commands the instrument to perform a self test and place the results of the test in the output queue Returned value 0 lt value lt 65535 This value is the sum of the results for the individual tests Table 8 9 The Self Test Results BITS MNEMONICS BIT VALUE 8 Counter 256 7 Analog to Digital Converter 128 6 General DSP Hardware 64 5 DSP Timeout 32 4 DSP Communications 16 3 Calibration Data Corrupt 8 2 Keypad 1 Battery RAM 0 Calibration Data Not Prese
26. DNT aaran E O E E ee Seas 97 OPG r re SEER E E REEE E ETE ERR 98 as A Bale ee ee E ee eee 98 RGIG 22h Sees i Ae E 99 BRST E EE E EEEE E E EE EEE EEE 99 FSA V this a Meck ee hic a a diane dei aie 100 SRE otis tion Sede E a E e Se AS 101 SUB he hth E EE EE ELTE oe Pellet 102 Table of Contents EST AEE SE ENA ATE PEE PAE OE E EEEN 103 A EEEE EEEE RAN TEA ress ARE E E 104 8 4 DISPlay Commands soesoossessoesoossossossoossossoesooesessee L04 DIS Play BRIGHTNESS i anoe orien n a E EAE 104 DISPlay ENA Be runa a aaa Adnan 105 8 5 INPut Commands e sessoesoossessossoossessoseoossesssssoeesesss L06 INPut ATTenuation eseeessesesossesseseeeeessressssesssreserresrreeseresse 106 ABAT atie B OY Koe E E 107 INPUtOFFSEt seei taent ee eerie Siac EERST 107 INP t OFFSet DISPIlay sereine E E 108 INPut WAVelength ooo cece crete cneceseeereeeeeereeeeees 109 8 6 OUTPut Commands sessoesosssesoossosssesoossosssessossosese L10 TOUTPut APMOode serere eee eet eia ekee i 110 OUTP POM ET f s a aa a henna E EE 112 OUTPUGESTATE sareen i a es Gao 113 OUTPut STATe APOWeron nnssssssssssssssssssesesreseseessseese 114 8 7 STATus Commands e soesoossessoesoossessossoossosssesoosseese 114 STATus OPERation CONDition eee cececesteeeeeneees 116 STATus OPERation ENABle oo ceecccceseceeeeecesteeeeeneees 117 STATus OPERation EVENt eeeccesseceesseeeesteeeeeeees 117 STATus OPERation NTRansition c ceeeeeesc
27. The Manual Sweep e STEP is the size of the attenuation factor change This value is always positive even for a sweep of decreasing attenuation factor STEP cannot be set to a value greater than the difference between START and STOP Starting the Setting Up To select the manual sweep 1 Press SWP 2 Ifitis not already set use the modify keys to set SWEEP to MANUAL Editing the Parameters To edit the value of the parameters 3 Press SwP again to get START 4 Edit the value of START with the Modify keys 5 Press SwP again to get STOP 6 Edit the value of STOP with the Modify keys Figure 3 5 Editing the STOP Parameter oo00_ 00000 000 g0o00 O ooo ooo ooo ooo a Pa 2 p Joa r p ocd p oo E E op coe g Bote Hote FB Ce Ee ooo a ooo O 0000 ooo oo ooo ooo ooo 7 Press SwP again to get STEP 8 Edit the value of STEP with the Modify keys See Using the Modify Keys on page 29 for information on editing with the Modify keys 52 Making an Attenuation Sweep The Manual Sweep Resetting the Parameters To reset any of the sweep parameters press and hold SwP until the value resets this takes approximately two seconds START and STOP reset so that the filter attenuation inside the instrument is zero that is Start Cal or Stop Cal See Entering a Calibration Factor on page 39 for information about setting the calibration factor Cal STEP resets to zero Execut
28. ee cece ceeeseceeceseeeeeeseeeeeeeeensees 146 A 4 Operating and Storage Environment 148 Temperaire mnsan ann a T E et hes 148 Humidity vesscsesieriereeioerie eiee esae eir verirse reke irets 148 Instrument Positioning and Cooling 2 0 eee eee 148 A 5 Switching on the Attenuator cccsssccssssceseees 149 16 Table of Contents A 6 Monitor Output cccsscccsssccsssrccssscesssscssssssesssree 149 A 7 Optical Output ccsssscssssscssssssssscsssssssssesssssees LOO Disabling the Optical Output oo eee eeeeeeeeeeeeee 150 A 8 GPIB Interface essesesesossesesesocoesosoesesesoeeesosoeseseeeeeee 150 CONNECTION moa aAa eA N E E AEA AR 151 GPIB Logic Levels crecen nn a a od 152 A 9 Claims and Repackaging esssesesosessoccssecssecssoceseee 152 Return Shipments to Agilent Technologies 152 B Accessories B 1 Instrument and Options cssscccsssscssssessseeees 157 B 2 GPIB Cables and Adapters csssccsssscssssscssseeeee 157 B 3 Connector Interfaces and Other Accessories 158 Straight Contact Connector oo eee eeeeeeneeseeesecseessecneeeaees 158 Option 201 Angled Contact Connector tee 160 C Specifications C 1 Definition of Terms ccccccccsssssssssscssesccsesssssees LOD CZ Specifications e sseessoescocsssccssecesocesooesoosssoessoeesooseosee L67 Supplementary Performance Characteristics 169 C 3 Other Specifications
29. on page 123 Press SYST repeatedly until USERCAL is shown at the bottom of the display OFF selects the factory made wavelength calibration data ON selects the user wavelength calibration data 34 Using the Attenuator Using the Attenuator This chapter describes the use of the Agilent Technologies 8156A as an attenuator There is an example given at the end of this chapter 36 Using the Attenuator Setting Up the Hardware 2 1 Setting Up the Hardware To use the attenuator you need to set up the hardware as shown in the figure below Figure 2 1 The Hardware Configuration for the Attenuator NOTE Before using the instrument you should make sure that it is properly warmed up The instrument is properly warmed up when it has been switched on for a minimum of 45 minutes Failure to do this can cause errors of up to 0 04dB in the attenuation The connector interface you need depends on the connector type you are using see Connector Interfaces and Other Accessories on page 158 If you have option 121 or option 221 then the Monitor Output provides a signal for monitoring the power getting through the attenuator The signal level is approximately 5 of the output power level For the most accurate results you should measure the coupling ratio and its wavelength dependence for the Monitor Output yourself 37 Using the Attenuator Setting Up the Attenuation 2 2 Setting Up the
30. to clean the external case parts Do not attempt to clean internally Do not install parts or perform any unauthorized modification to optical devices Refer servicing only to qualified and authorized personnel E 2 Why is it important to clean optical devices In transmission links optical fiber cores are about 9 um 0 00035 in diameter Dust and other particles however can range from tenths to hundredths of microns in diameter Their comparative size 249 Cleaning Information What do I need for proper cleaning means that they can cover a part of the end of a fiber core and as a result will reduce the performance of your system Furthermore the power density may burn dust into the fiber and cause additional damage for example 0 dBm optical power in a single mode fiber causes a power density of approximately 16 million W m If this happens measurements become inaccurate and non repeatable Cleaning is therefore an essential yet difficult task Unfortunately when comparing most published cleaning recommendations you will discover that they contain several inconsistencies In this section we want to suggest ways to help you clean your various optical devices and thus significantly improve the accuracy and repeatability of your lightwave measurements E 3 What do I need for proper cleaning Some Standard Cleaning Equipment is necessary for cleaning your instrument For certain cleaning procedures
31. 0 01dB 48dB Disp Ref 0 01dB 0 01dB 53dB Disp Ref 0 01dB 0 01dB 60dB Disp Ref 0 01dB 0 01dB IV Return Loss Test Input 55dB 0 60dB typ gt 60dB Output 55dB 0 60dB 226 Performance Test for the Agilent 8156A Option 201 Performance Tests V Polarization Dependent Loss PDL Optional Page 6 of 8 Model Agilent 8156A Attenuator Option 201 No Date Test Test Description Minimum Maximum Measurement No performed at nm Spec Result Spec Uncertainty I Total Insertion Loss Test dB 0 60dB typ lt 2 5dB measured at nm with SM fiber 3 0 dB H Linearity Att Acc 0 05dB Attenuation Setting 0dB REF 1dB 0 9dB 1 1dB 2dB 1 9dB 2 1dB 3dB 2 9dB 3 1dB 4dB 3 9dB 4 1dB 5dB 4 9dB 5 1dB 6dB 5 9dB 6 1dB 7dB 6 9dB 7 1dB 8dB 7 9dB 8 1dB 9dB 8 9dB 9 1dB 10dB 9 9dB 10 1dB 227 Performance Test for the Agilent 8156A Option 201 Performance Tests V Polarization Dependent Loss PDL Optional Page 7 of 8 Model Agilent 8156A Attenuator Option 201 No Date Test Test Description Minimum Maximum Measurement No performed at nm Spec Result Spec Uncertainty I Linearity Att Acc cont 0 05dB Attenuation Setting 11dB 10 9dB 11 1dB 12dB 11 9dB 12 1dB 13dB 12 9dB 13 1dB 14dB 13 9dB 14 1dB 24dB 23 9dB 24 1dB 34dB 33 9dB 34 1dB 44dB 43 9dB 44 1dB 54dB 53 9dB 54 1dB 60dB 59 9dB 60 1dB 228 Performance Test for the A
32. 10 10 10 RLInput dB RLInput dB 2 Att dB InsLoss dB RLRef dB 1 10 ho You edit the values for the insertion loss the reference return loss and the return loss of the attenuator while you are setting up the application You edit the value for the return loss while the application is executing The instrument calculates and sets the required value for the filter attenuation Editing the Setup Before you start setting up the back reflector application you may need to measure the following values if you do not already know them e The insertion loss of the instrument see Example Setting the Calibration on page 42 The return loss of the instrument with the output properly terminated and e The reference return loss value 60 Figure 4 2 Using your Attenuator as a Variable Back Reflector Setting Up the Software To start setting up the Back Reflector application 1 Press BACK REFL After pressing this the first parameter INS LOSS is ready to for editing 2 Edit the value insertion loss with the Modify keys 3 Press BACK REFL 4 Edit the value reference return loss with the Modify keys Editing the Value for the Reference Return Loss po00_ g Qooo_ 90000 Ooo g go0000 _ 000 Ooo gt ia oo a goo i 10 oo Og og o dB 0 oOo 0 0 0 oo DEO OG 0000 0O 0000 pooo 98000 Honi Q go m ER 00 S i p mp og f BEB Bit D 00000 oO o 00000 0 ooo a oo o ooo 000 5 Press BACK REFL
33. 17 Connect the 81109AC patchcord to the 8156A output and note the Return Loss result in the Test Record 186 Performance Tests Performance Test Figure D 8 Return Loss Test Setup 2 Options 100 101 Source HP 81534A l HP 8153A Agilent Agilent 8156A DUT Agilent 81000AI Si000AT D oooga Q f ooog to OD00000 poong OOo Agilent 81100AI Agilent 81109AC Agilent 81101AC Figure D 9 Return Loss Test Setup 2 Option 121 S _ Agilent ource HP 81534A SVIOLAC HP 8153A r Agilent Agilent 8156A DUT X T 81000AI Sa aot Tee aA OCOD KF 81000AI OOO0CO00R OO Agilent 81000AI Agilent 81109AC Agilent 81101AC Options 201 and 221 Specifications Agilent 8156A Return Loss Option 201 gt 60dB Option 221 gt 60dB 187 Performance Tests Performance Test Figure D 10 Return Lo So Make sure that all connectors are carefully cleaned Connect the source to the HP 81534A Input Attach the high return loss connector of the patchcord to the Output the high return loss connector on these cables is the connector with the orange sleeve Using tape fix the cables to the table ss Test Setup 1 Options 201 221 urce HP 81534A
34. 3 Zero the power meter channel and make sure that the parameters are set as follows as required CAL to 0 000 dB T to 500ms 4 Set the power meter to AUTOrange then enable the laser source and the attenuator output 5 On the power meter select display in dB dB key 6 Press DISP gt REF for the power meter 7 Set the DUT attenuation to 60dB 8 Ifthe powermeter does not show 60 00dB set lambda on the DUT so that the power meter shows 60 00dB Tuning the DUT in 0 1nm steps is sufficient to accomplish this This is necessary to eliminate the wavelength dependence of the DUT 9 Press and hold ATT until the attenuation resets to 0 000dB 10 Press DISP REF for the power meter 11 Increase the DUT attenuation in steps as shown below and note the power meter reading in the Test Record 183 Performance Tests Performance Test 0 00dB REFERENCE 1 dB 2 dB 3 dB 4 dB 5 dB 6 dB 7 dB 8 dB 9 dB 10 dB 11 dB 12 dB 13 dB 14 dB 24 dB 34 dB 44 dB 54 dB 60 dB III Attenuation Repeatability Test Specifications Agilent 8156A Repeatability after any parameter has been changed and reset lt 0 01 dB Use the same equipment test setup and instrument settings as used for the Attenuation Accuracy test see the appropriate Total Insertion Loss Test Setup 2 1 Set the Agilent 8156A attenuation to 1 dB and press DISP gt REF on the power meter Set the Agilent 8156A attenuation to any other val
35. 60dB Insertion Loss typ 3 3dB Attenuation Accuracy linearity lt 0 1dB typical lt 0 05dB Repeatability lt 0 01dB typical lt 0 005dB Polarization Dependent Loss lt 0 1dBpp typical lt 0 03dBpp Polarization Mode Dispersion 6fs Monitor Output typ 13dB tap 1 20 Useful Back Reflection Range 6 6 to 45dB 6 6 to 60dB e Ui Typical depends on performance of external connector e 2 Includes insertion loss of two HMS 10 connectors Typical variation over temperature range lt 0 3dBpp e B Measured at constant temperature 168 Specifications Specifications Multimode Options Option 350 Wavelength Range 1200 1650nm Attenuation Range 60dB excluding insertion loss Fiber Type 50 125um multimode Connector Type straight contact Return Loss 22dB Insertion Loss typ 3dB Attenuation Accuracy linearity lt 0 1dB typical lt 0 08dB Repeatability lt 0 01dB typical lt 0 005dB e i Typical depends on performance of external connector e 2 Includes insertion loss of two HMS 10 connectors Typical variation over temperature range lt 0 3dBpp e B Measured at constant temperature Supplementary Performance Characteristics Minimum Attenuation Step 0 001dB Switching Time 20ms to 400ms depending on actual setting Maximum Input Power 23dBm 200mW Operating Modes Att Attenuation is shown on the display and can be varied
36. 8 58 1 0 7 1320nm 16 3 35 1 16 11 0 59 6 1 1300nm 17 9 34 0 18 5 8 9 61 2 3 1280nm 19 6 32 9 21 2 6 5 62 9 5 1 1260nm 21 2 31 7 24 2 3 9 64 7 1 4 200 Performance Tests V Polarization Dependent Loss PDL Optional Performance Test for the Agilent 8156A Page 1 of 8 Test Facility Model Agilent 8156A Attenuator Serial No Options Firmware Rev Special Notes Report No Date Customer Tested By Ambient temperature C Relative humidity Line frequency Hz 201 Performance Tests V Polarization Dependent Loss PDL Optional Performance Test for the Agilent 8156A Option 100 Page 2 of 8 Model __ Module Report No Date Test Equipment Used Description Model No Trace No Cal Due Date 1 Power Meter 8153A 2al CW Laser Sources 1310nm 81552SM 2a2 CW Laser Sources 1550nm 81553SM 2b CW Laser Sources 1310 1550nm or 81554SM 3 Opt Sensor Module 81532A 4 Return Loss Module 81534A 5 Reference Reflector 81000BR 6 Universal Through Adapter 81000UM 7 1 Optical Isolator 1310nm 81210LI Opt011 7 2 Optical Isolator 1550nm 81310LI Opt011 8 Connector Interface 6ea 81000AI 9 1 Single Mode Fiber lea 81101AC 9 2 Single Mode Fiber 81109AC 10
37. 9 10 11 12 237 Performance Tests V Polarization Dependent Loss PDL Optional Performance Test for the Agilent 8156A Option 350 Page 3 of 5 Model Agilent 8156A Attenuator Option 350 No Date Test Test Description Minimum Maximum Measurement No performed at nm Spec Result Spec Uncertainty I Total Insertion Loss Test dB 0 60dB typ lt 3 0dB measured at nm with multimode fiber 3 9 dB I Linearity Att Acc 0 05dB Attenuation Setting 0dB REF 1dB 0 9dB 1 1dB 2dB 1 9dB 2 1dB 3dB 2 9dB 3 1dB 4dB 3 9dB 4 1dB 5dB 4 9dB 5 1dB 6dB 5 9dB 6 1dB 7dB 6 9dB 7 1dB 8dB 7 9dB 8 1dB 9dB 8 9dB 9 1dB 10dB 9 9dB 10 1dB 238 Performance Test for the Agilent 8156A Option 350 Performance Tests V Polarization Dependent Loss PDL Optional Page 4 of 5 Model Agilent 8156A Attenuator Option 350 No Date Test Test Description Minimum Maximum Measurement No performed at nm Spec Result Spec Uncertainty I Linearity Att Acc cont 0 05dB Attenuation Setting 11dB 10 9dB 11 1dB 12dB 11 9dB 12 1dB 13dB 12 9dB 13 1dB 14dB 13 9dB 14 1dB 24dB 23 9dB 24 1dB 34dB 33 9dB 34 1dB 44dB 43 9dB 44 1dB 54dB 53 9dB 54 1dB 60dB 59 9dB 60 1dB 239 Performance Tests V Polarization Dependent Loss PDL Optional Performance Test for the Agilent 8156A Option 350 Page 5 of 5 Model Agilent 8156A Attenuator Option 3
38. Attenuation The attenuation can be set in two different ways This section describes how to set the attenuation by specifying the attenuation factor and an offset called a calibration factor Selecting the Through Power Mode on page 70 describes how to set the attenuation by specifying the power that gets through Entering the Attenuation Factor The attenuation factor is shown at the top left of the display Figure 2 2 The Attenuation Factor on the Display L LA L cJ L cJ L PARAM ATT ooo ooo ooo ooo ap oo o o0 oo o dB o oo ooo 00 oo ood opoggo0poo08 Edit the attenuation factor using the modify keys The filter attenuation is changed while you edit the attenuation factor according to the equation Attjze dB Att dB Cal dB To edit the attenuation factor 1 press ATT and 2 edit the factor using the Modify keys see Using the Modify Keys on page 29 38 Using the Attenuator Setting Up the Attenuation Resetting the Attenuation Factor To reset the attenuation factor press and hold ATT until the value resets this takes approximately two seconds The attenuation factor resets so that the filter attenuation is zero that is Att dB Cal dB Entering a Calibration Factor The calibration factor is shown at the bottom left of the display Figure 2 3 The Calibration Factor on the Display PARAM Z Hw 4 pte 1 l patel a 7 D I CAL on sss som uma u s
39. Disp Ref 0 01dB 0 01dB 12dB Disp Ref 0 01dB 0 01dB 24dB Disp Ref 0 01dB 0 01dB 36dB Disp Ref 0 01dB 0 01dB 48dB Disp Ref 0 01dB 0 01dB 53dB Disp Ref 0 01dB 0 01dB 60dB Disp Ref 0 01dB 0 01dB IV Return Loss Test Input 40dB 0 60dB typ gt 45dB Output 40dB 0 60dB 222 Performance Tests V Polarization Dependent Loss PDL Optional Performance Test for the Agilent 8156A Option 201 Page 2 of 8 Model __ Module Report No Date Test Equipment Used Description Model No Trace No Cal Due Date 1 Power Meter 8153A 2al CW Laser Sources 1310nm 81552SM 2a2 CW Laser Sources 1550nm 81553SM 2b CW Laser Sources 1310 1550nm 81554SM 3 Opt Sensor Module 81532A 4 Return Loss Module 81534A 5 Back Reflector Kit 8156A 203 6 DIN Through Adapter 1005 0255 7 1 Connector Interface 4ea 81000SI 7 2 Connector Interface 8 1000FI 7 3 Connector Interface 81000AI 8 1 Single Mode Fiber 81113PC 8 2 Single Mode Fiber 81102SC 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 223 Performance Tests V Polarization Dependent Loss PDL Optional Performance Test for the Agilent 8156A Option 201 Page 3 of 8 Model Agilent 8156A Attenuator Option 201 No Date Test Test Description Minimum Maximum Measurement No performed at nm Spec Resu
40. Mode Fiber Single Mode Fiber Isolator 1550nm or 1310 1550nm The equipment is described for a test setup with a polarization e PDL test 1 Recommended HP Agilent Model 8169A 021 8153A 81533B 81552SM and 81533SM 81544SM 81521B 81000DF 81000AI 81000FI 81000SI 81000AA 81000SA 81101AC 81113PC 81113SC Required for Option 101 102 201 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 6 6 2 1 2 1 1 1 3 3 1 1 1 1 1 1 202 NF NR RRR Re Re ee jets pee eek ae et T controller with option 021 straight connector If you want to use a polarization controller with a different connector option you have to use interfaces adapters and patchcords depending on this option 191 Performance Tests V Polarization Dependent Loss PDL Optional Instead of a standard HP 81521B Depolarizing Filter Agilent 81000DF an HP 81521B 001 can also be used as this option is especially designed for low PDL Polarization Dependant Loss Test Mueller method 1 Connect the equipment as shown in Figure D 13 a Make sure that the connectors lenses and detector windows are clean Refer to the cleaning procedure b Ensure that the instruments have warmed up Figure D 13 PDL Test Setup 1 Reference Measurement Laser Source HP 8169A 021 Agil
41. OUTP ENTER 728 AS 113 Remote Commands STATus Commands OUTPut STATe APOWeron Syntax OUTPut STATe APOWeron lt wsp gt DISILASTIOI1 Description This command sets the state of the output shutter at power on that is whether it is closed or takes the state at power off DIS or 0 closes the shutter at power on and no power gets through LAST or 1 sets the shutter to the state at power off OUTPut STATe APOWeron Syntax OUTPut STATe APOWeron Description The query returns whether the output shutter is closed at power on or set to the state at power off O indicates the shutter is closed no power is getting through 1 indicates that the shutter is set to the state at power off Example OUTPUT 728 OUTP APOW OFF OUTPUT 728 OUTP APOW ENTER 728 AS 8 7 STATus Commands There are two nodes in the status circuitry The OPERation node indicates things that can happen during normal operation The QUEStionable node indicates error conditions Each node of the status circuitry has five registers 114 Remote Commands STATus Commands A condition register CONDition which contains the current status This register is updated continuously It is not changed by having its contents read The event register EVENt which contains the output from the transition registers The contents of this register are cleared when it is read A
42. OUTPUT 728 CLS ES 32 OUTPUT 728 OPC T 1 SRI Gl OUTPUT 728 CLS ESE 1 SRE 32 OUTPUT 728 OPC ENTER 728 AS OPT Syntax OPT Definition This query returns a string with the options installed in the attenuator There are three fields separated by commas If an option is not present in the instrument the corresponding field returns a 0 The three fields are High Performance Monitor Output High Return Loss For example if you have option 201 98 Remote Commands The Common Commands High performance high return loss version the string returned is High Performance 0 a High Return Loss Example OUTPUT 728 OPT ENTER 728 A RCL Syntax RCL lt wsp gt lt location gt 0 lt location lt 9 Definition An instrument setting from the internal RAM is made the actual instrument setting this does not include GPIB address or parser the attenuation resolution or the power on setting You recall user settings from locations 1 9 See S AV on page 100 Location 0 contains the default setting which is the same as that obtained by RST Example OUTPUT 728 RCL 3 RST Syntax RST Definition The reset setting default setting stored in ROM is made the actual setting Instrument state the instrument is placed in the idle state awaiting a command The following are not changed e GPIB interface state e Instrument interface addr
43. Test Page 5 of 6 Model Agilent 8156A Optical Attenuator Date Option No Wavelength 1550nm nominal Actual wavelength nm Polarization Linear Linear Linear Right Hand Horizontal Vertical Diagonal Circular Polarizer Setting deg n a n a n a A 4 Plate Setting deg n a n a n a A 2 Plate Setting deg n a n a n a Corrected wavelength dependent positions A 4 Plate Setting n a deg deg deg A 2 Plate Setting n a deg deg deg Measurement Results of the Reference Power Po UW Po UW Po3 uW Pog uW Measurement Results of the Power after the DUT Pputoi HW Ppuyuroz HW Ppuros UW Ppuroa UW Mueller Coefficients m Pputoi Poi Ppuroz Po2 2 m Ppuro1 Poi Pouto2 Po2 2 m13 Pputo3 Po3 m41 m14 Pputoa Pog m41 245 Performance Tests V Polarization Dependent Loss PDL Optional Performance Test Agilent 8156A V Polarization Dependent Loss Test Page 6 of 6 Minimum and maximum transmission Tyax M Jm m mI Tuin My JMf m m 4 Polarization Dependent Loss Maximum Specification Measurement PDL gp 10log TMax TMin 100 101 201 121 221 Uncertainties dBpp 0 15dBpp 0 08dBpp 0 10dBpp 0 02dBpp 246 Cleaning Information Cleaning Information The following Cleaning Instructions contain some general safety precautions which must be observed during all phases of cleaning C
44. a n a A 4 Plate Setting 15 4 n a n a n a A 2 Plate Setting 15 4 n a n a n a Corrected wavelength dependent positions A 4 Plate Setting n a 16 1 15 9 59 8 A 2 Plate Setting n a 60 8 38 1 0 5 10 Measure the Reference Power a Linear Horizontal polarized light Keep the setting from the polarizer and the 4 4 and A 2 Retarder Plates from steps 6 to 8 e Read the power that is displayed on the power meter and note it as Po in the test record 196 Performance Tests V Polarization Dependent Loss PDL Optional b Linear Vertical polarized light Set the 4 4 and A 2 Retarder Plates to the corrected wavelength dependent positions for Linear Vertical polarized light You need to select the 4 4 and A 2 Retarder plates by pressing A 4 and A 2 respectively Type the appropriate value and press ENTER after each entry Read the power that is displayed on the power meter and note it as Poz in the test record c Linear Diagonal polarized light Set the 4 4 and A 2 Retarder Plates to the corrected wavelength dependent positions for Linear Diagonal polarized light You need to select the 4 4 and A 2 Retarder plates by pressing A 4 and A 2 respectively Type the appropriate value and press ENTER after each entry Read the power that is displayed on the power meter and note it as Pog in the test record d Right Hand Circular polarized light Set the 4 4 and A 2 Retarder Plates to the corr
45. at nm Spec Result Spec Uncertainty I Linearity Att Acc 0 05dB Attenuation Setting 11dB 10 8dB 11 2dB 12dB 11 8dB 12 2dB 13dB 12 8dB 13 2dB 14dB 13 8dB 14 2dB 24dB 23 8dB 24 2dB 34dB 33 8dB 34 2dB 44dB 43 8dB 44 2dB 54dB 53 8dB 54 2dB 60dB 59 8dB 60 2dB 207 Performance Test for the Agilent 8156A Option 100 Performance Tests V Polarization Dependent Loss PDL Optional Page 8 of 8 Model Agilent 8156A Attenuator Option 100 No Date Test Test Description Minimum Maximum Measurement No performed at nm Spec Result Spec Uncertainty Ill Att Repeatability Test 0 01dB Attenuation Setting 1dB Disp Ref 0 01dB 0 01dB 5dB Disp Ref 0 01dB 0 01dB 12dB Disp Ref 0 01dB 0 01dB 24dB Disp Ref 0 01dB 0 01dB 36dB Disp Ref 0 01dB 0 01dB 48dB Disp Ref 0 01dB 0 01dB 53dB Disp Ref 0 01dB 0 01dB 60dB Disp Ref 0 01dB 0 01dB IV Return Loss Test Input 30dB 0 60dB typ gt 35dB Output 30dB 0 60dB 208 Performance Tests V Polarization Dependent Loss PDL Optional Performance Test for the Agilent 8156A Option 101 Page 2 of 8 Model __ Module Report No Date Test Equipment Used Description Model No Trace No Cal Due Date 1 Power Meter 8153A 2al CW Laser Sources 1310nm 81552SM 2a2 CW Laser Sources 1550nm 81553SM 2b CW Laser Sources 1310 1550nm or 81554SM
46. condition of the surface of your connector and to check it after cleaning you need a microscope In the case of scratches or of dust that has been burnt onto the surface of the connector you may have no option but to polish the connector This depends on the degree of dirtiness or the depth of the scratches This is a difficult procedure and should only be performed by skilled personal and as a last resort as it wears out your connector WARNING Never look into the end of an optical cable that is connected to an active source To assess the projection of the emitted light beam you can use an infrared sensor card Hold the card approximately 5 cm from the output of the connector The invisible emitted light is project onto the card and becomes visible as a small circular spot Preferred Procedure Use the following procedure on most occasions 1 Clean the connector by rubbing a new dry cotton swab over the surface using a small circular movement 2 Blow away any remaining lint with compressed air Procedure for Stubborn Dirt Use this procedure particularly when there is greasy dirt on the connector 258 CAUTION Cleaning Information How to clean connector adapters 1 Moisten a new cotton swab with isopropyl alcohol 2 Clean the connector by rubbing the cotton swab over the surface using a small circular movement 3 Take a new dry soft tissue and remove the alcohol dissolved sediment and dust b
47. from 50 to 60Hz The maximum power consumption is 40VA with all options installed Line Power Cable In accordance with international safety standards this instrument has a three wire power cable When connected to an appropriate AC power receptacle this cable earths the instrument cabinet The type of power cable shipped with each instrument depends on the country of destination Refer to Figure A 1 for the part numbers of the power cables available Figure A 1 Line Power Cables Plug Identification A Australia Denmark Europe Great Britain 8128 a 8120 2956 98120 1689 8128 1351 South eG Pe States HG 120V se lt gt 8120 2104 WARNING To avoid the possibility of injury or death you must observe the following precautions before switching on the instrument If this instrument is to be energized via an autotransformer for voltage reduction ensure that the Common terminal connects to the earth pole of the power source Insert the power cable plug only into a socket outlet provided with a protective earth contact Do not negate this protective action by the using an extension cord without a protective conductor 144 Installation AC Line Power Supply Requirements Before switching on the instrument the protective earth terminal of the instrument must be connected to a protective conductor You can do this by using the power cord supplied with the instrument e Itis prohibited to interrupt th
48. insertion loss of the hardware setup a b Press CAL Edit the calibration factor so that it has the value shown on the multimeter display using the modify keys You should notice that the value for the attenuation factor changes and always has the same value as that for the calibration factor This is because the filter attenuation stays at zero you should also notice that the display on the multimeter does not change The attenuator now shows its full attenuation including its own insertion loss on the display Making an Attenuation Sweep Making an Attenuation Sweep This chapter describes how to make an attenuation sweep with the Agilent Technologies 8156A Attenuator An example is given at the end of the chapter 46 Making an Attenuation Sweep Configuring the Hardware 3 1 Configuring the Hardware To use the attenuator for a sweep you need to set up the hardware as shown in the figure below This is the configuration as given for simple attenuation in chapter 2 Figure 3 1 The Hardware Configuration for the Attenuator NOTE Before using the instrument you should make sure that it is properly warmed up The instrument is properly warmed up when it has been switched on for a minimum of 45 minutes Failure to do this can cause errors of up to 0 04dB in the attenuation The connector interface you need depends on the connector type you are using see
49. is left waiting for the next command The instrument setting is unaltered by the command though OPC OPC actions are canceled If the CLS command occurs directly after a program message terminator the output queue and MAV bit 4 in the status byte register are cleared and if condition bits 2 0 of the status byte register are zero MSS bit 6 of the status byte register is also zero Example OUTPUT 728 CLS ESE Syntax ESE lt wsp gt lt value gt 0 lt value lt 255 Definition The ESE command sets bits in the standard event status enable register ESE that enable the corresponding bits in the standard event status register ESR The register is cleared e At power on 95 Table 8 4 Remote Commands The Common Commands e By sending a value of zero The register is not changed by the RST and CLS commands The Event Status Enable Register BIT MNEMONIC BIT VALUE 7 Power On 128 6 User Request 64 5 Command Error 32 4 Execution Error 16 3 Device dependent Error 8 2 Query Error 4 1 Request Control 2 0 Operation Complete 1 ESE The standard event status enable query returns the contents of the standard event status enable register Example OUTPUT 728 ESE 21 OUTPUT 728 ESE ENTER 728 AS ESR Syntax ESR Definition The standard event status register query returns the contents of the standard event status registe
50. little liquid soap on the surface and gently spread the liquid over the whole area 3 Wash off the emulsion with water being careful to remove it all as any remaining streaks can impair measurement accuracy 4 Take anew dry soft tissue and remove the water by rubbing gently over the surface using a small circular movement 5 Blow away remaining lint with compressed air Alternative Procedure A To clean lenses that are extremely sensitive to mechanical stress or pressure you can also use an optical clean polymer film This procedure is time consuming but you avoid scratching or destroying the surface 1 Put the film on the surface and wait at least 30 minutes to make sure that the film has had enough time to dry 2 Remove the film and any dirt with special adhesive tapes 270 Cleaning Information Other Cleaning Hints Alternative Procedure B If your lens is sensitive to water then 1 Moisten the lens or the mirror with isopropyl alcohol 2 Take a new dry soft tissue and remove the alcohol dissolved sediment and dust by rubbing gently over the surface using a small circular movement 3 Blow away remaining lint with compressed air E 19 Other Cleaning Hints Selecting the correct cleaning method is an important element in maintaining your equipment and saving you time and money This Appendix highlights the main cleaning methods but cannot address every individual circumstance This section contain
51. lt wsp gt MINIDEFIMAX Description The query returns the current attenuation factor in dB Attenuation jje dB Att dB Cal dB By sending MIN DEF or MAX with the query the minimum default or maximum value possible for the attenuation factor is returned Example OUTPUT 728 INP ATT 32 15 106 Remote Commands INPut Commands OUTPUT 728 INP ATT ENTER 728 AS INPut LCMode Syntax Description INPut LCMode lt wsp gt OFFIONIOI1 This command sets the function of the wavelength calibration That is whether the wavelength calibration data is to be used to reposition the filter to keep the attenuation factor constant or to alter the attenuation factor with the filter kept in a fixed position Switch the mode on using OFF or 0 to keep the attenuation value fixed and alter the filter position Switch the mode off using ON or 1 to keep the filter position fixed and alter the attenuation factor INPut LCMode Syntax Description Example INPut OFFSet Syntax INPut LCMode The query returns the current function of the wavelength calibration O indicates that the instrument is keeping the attenuation value fixed and altering the filter position 1 indicates the instrument is keeping the filter position fixed and altering the attenuation factor OUTPUT 728 INP LCM ON OUTPUT 728 INP LCM ENTER 728 AS INPut OFF
52. open the instruments as they can be damaged Opening the instruments puts you in danger of receiving an electrical shock from your device and renders your warranty void 272 Error messages Error Messages 274 Error Messages Display Messages F 1 Display Messages FATLnnnn indicates that the self test has failed The number nnnn is a four digit hexadecimal number that indicates which part of the self test has failed Hexadecimal Bits Mnemonics Value 8 Counter 010016 7 Analog to Digital Convertor 008016 6 General DSP Hardware 0040 6 5 DSP Timeout 002016 4 DSP Communications 001046 3 Calibration Data 000816 2 Keypad 000416 1 Battery RAM 000216 0 Calibration Data Checksum 000116 So FAIL0010 would mean that the DSP Digital Signal Processor Communications had failed FAILO012 would mean that the DSP Communications had failed and so had the Battery RAM 275 Error Messages sPIB Messages F 2 GPIB Messages Command Errors These are error messages in the range 100 to 199 They indicate that a syntax error has been detected by the parser in a command such as incorrect data incorrect commands or misspelled or mistyped commands A command error is signaled by the command error bit bit 5 in the event status register 100 Command error This indicates that the parser has found a command error but cannot be more specific 101 Invalid character The command contains an invalid or
53. performed at nm Spec Result Spec Uncertainty I Linearity Att Acc cont 0 05dB Attenuation Setting 11dB 10 9dB 11 1dB 12dB 11 9dB 12 1dB 13dB 12 9dB 13 1dB 14dB 13 9dB 14 1dB 24dB 23 9dB 24 1dB 34dB 33 9dB 34 1dB 44dB 43 9dB 44 1dB 54dB 53 9dB 54 1dB 60dB 59 9dB 60 1dB 235 Performance Test for the Agilent 8156A Option 221 Performance Tests V Polarization Dependent Loss PDL Optional Page 8 of 8 Model Agilent 8156A Attenuator Option 221 No Date Test Test Description Minimum Maximum Measurement No performed at nm Spec Result Spec Uncertainty Ill Att Repeatability Test 0 01dB Attenuation Setting 1dB Disp Ref 0 01dB 0 01dB 5dB Disp Ref 0 01dB 0 01dB 12dB Disp Ref 0 01dB 0 01dB 24dB Disp Ref 0 01dB 0 01dB 36dB Disp Ref 0 01dB 0 01dB 48dB Disp Ref 0 01dB 0 01dB 53dB Disp Ref 0 01dB 0 01dB IV Return Loss Test Input 55dB 0 60dB typ gt 60dB Output 55dB 0 60dB 236 Performance Tests V Polarization Dependent Loss PDL Optional Performance Test for the Agilent 8156A Option 350 Page 2 of 5 Model __ Module Report No Date Test Equipment Used Description Model No Trace No Cal Due Date 1 Power Meter 8153A 2 LED Source 1300nm 81542SM 3 Opt Sensor Module 81532A 4 Connector Interface 4ea 81000AI 5 Multi Mode Fiber 2ea 81501AC 6 ds 8
54. some additional hints which we hope will help you further For further information please contact your local Agilent Technologies representative Making the connection Before you make any connection you must ensure that all lightwave cables and connectors are clean If not then use appropriate the cleaning methods When you insert the ferrule of a patchcord into a connector or an adapter ensure that the fiber end does not touch the outside of the mating connector or adapter Otherwise the fiber end will rub up against something which could scratch it and leave deposits Lens cleaning papers Note that some special lens cleaning papers are not suitable for cleaning optical devices like connectors interfaces lenses mirrors 271 Cleaning Information Other Cleaning Hints and so on To be absolutely certain that a cleaning paper is applicable please ask the salesperson or the manufacturer Immersion oil and other index matching compounds Do not use immersion oil or other index matching compounds with optical sensors equipped with recessed lenses They are liable to dirty the detector and impair its performance They may also alter the property of depiction of your optical device thus rendering your measurements inaccurate Cleaning the housing and the mainframe When cleaning either the mainframe or the housing of your instrument only use a dry and very soft cotton tissue on the surfaces and the numeric pad Never
55. strictly observed If the plug on the cable does not fit the power outlet or if the cable is to be attached to a terminal block cut the cable at the plug end and rewire it The color coding used in the cable depends on the cable supplied If you are connecting a new plug it should meet the local safety requirements and include the following features e Adequate load carrying capacity see table of specifications e Ground connection e Cable clamp To avoid the possibility of injury or death please note that the Agilent 8156A does not have a floating earth The Agilent 8156A is not designed for outdoor use To prevent potential fire or shock hazard do not expose the instrument to rain or other excessive moisture Warnings and Cautions The WARNING sign denotes a hazard It calls attention to a procedure practice or the like which if not correctly performed or adhered to could result in personal injury Do not proceed beyond a WARNING sign until the indicated conditions are fully understood and met CAUTION The CAUTION sign denotes a hazard It calls attention to an operating procedure or the like which if not correctly performed or adhered to could result in damage to or destruction of part or all of the product Do not proceed beyond a CAUTION sign until the indicated conditions are fully understood and met Safety Symbols Caution refer to accompanying documents Warning risk of electric shock Frame or c
56. the laser to settle b Note the actual wavelength in the test record 5 Set up the power meter a Set the power meter to the actual wavelength Press PARAM until the wavelength is displayed then use the modify cursor keys to set the actual wavelength b Set the averaging time to 100 ms Press PARAM until the averaging time is displayed then use the modify cursor keys to set the averaging time to 100 ms c Set the display to W Press DBM W 6 Set the polarization filter of the 8169A to maximize the signal a Reset the position of all plates Press HOME on the polarization controller b Select the polarization filter You may need to press POS and or Pol if the filter is not 193 Performance Tests V Polarization Dependent Loss PDL Optional already selected Modify the filter setting to find the maximum signal transmission through the polarization controller Select the most significant digit by using the cursor key Use the Modify knob to adjust the displayed angle slowly until the power reading on the multimeter shows the maximum value Select the next digit with the cursor key Use the Modify knob to adjust the displayed angle slowly until the power reading on the multimeter shows the maximum value Select the least significant digit by using the cursor key Use the Modify knob to adjust the displayed angle slowly until the power reading on the multimeter shows the maximum value Press ENTE
57. water and liquid soap e Premoistened cleaning wipes e Polymer film e Infrared Sensor Card Microscope with a magnification range about 50X up to 300X A microscope can be found in most photography stores or can be obtained through or specialist mail order companies Special fiber scopes are available from suppliers of splicing equipment Ideally the light source on your microscope should be very flexible This will allow you to examine your device closely and from different angles A microscope helps you to estimate the type and degree of dirt on your device You can use a microscope to choose an appropriate cleaning method and then to examine the results You can also use your microscope to judge whether your optical device such as a connector is severely scratched and is therefore causing inaccurate measurements Ultrasonic bath Ultrasonic baths are also available from photography or laboratory suppliers or specialist mail order companies An ultrasonic bath will gently remove fat and other stubborn dirt from your optical devices This helps increase the life span of the optical devices Only use isopropyl alcohol in your ultrasonic bath as other solvents may damage Warm water and liquid soap Only use water if you are sure that there is no other way of cleaning your optical device without corrosion or damage Do not use hot 254 Cleaning Information What do I need for proper cleaning water as this may c
58. 0 0 eee ceeeeeseceeeeceneeeneeeeneees 263 E 12 How to clean instruments with a fixed connector inter PACE escccenessiceasi ccditeaceticsbsneccabescsecdecetecsecdetvesdedestedeccbadecisesses 20S E 13 How to clean instruments with an optical glass plate 264 E 14 How to clean instruments with a physical contact in MOU LACE cs EE E E EE E E E ZOOS Preferred Procedure ssssosososeseseserererersrssssssssserererererererererses 265 Procedure for Stubborn Dirt eseeeesesesesesssesesereseserrrrereeeses 265 19 Table of Contents E 15 How to clean instruments with a recessed lens inter BACON ids E E E A A AE AET ES io Preferred Procede ATT ETE 266 Procedure for Stubborn Dirt esseossoesssesosnnesnessssssossrerrssse 266 E 16 How to clean optical devices which are sensitive to me chanical stress and pressure ccscccsssscsssscsssscssesreess 207 Preferred Procedure sserienee srri aat atii ekte 267 Procedure for Stubborn Dirt 00sosesososesessererererseeesessesssesesee 267 Alternative Procedure eesesesseesssesesrerererrrersrsrsrsrsrerrererere 267 Preferred Proced ra E E 268 Procedure for Stubborn Dirt sssssssesssessssesseseessresressrsserssess 268 E 18 Additional Cleaning Information 000 268 How to clean bare fiber ends eesceecesseceneeceeeeeneeeeeeeee 269 How to clean large area lenses and mirrors 0 eee 269 Preferred Proce Qure ssivcss es ecsetecssie
59. 1dB 10 9dB 11 1dB 12dB 11 9dB 12 1dB 13dB 12 9dB 13 1dB 14dB 13 9dB 14 1dB 24dB 23 9dB 24 1dB 34dB 33 9dB 34 1dB 44dB 43 9dB 44 1dB 54dB 53 9dB 54 1dB 60dB 59 9dB 60 1dB 211 Performance Test for the Agilent 8156A Option 101 Performance Tests V Polarization Dependent Loss PDL Optional Page 5 of 8 Model Agilent 8156A Attenuator Option 101 No Date Test Test Description Minimum Maximum Measurement No performed at nm Spec Result Spec Uncertainty Ill Att Repeatability Test 0 01dB Attenuation Setting 1dB Disp Ref 0 01dB 0 01dB 5dB Disp Ref 0 01dB 0 01dB 12dB Disp Ref 0 01dB 0 01dB 24dB Disp Ref 0 01dB 0 01dB 36dB Disp Ref 0 01dB 0 01dB 48dB Disp Ref 0 01dB 0 01dB 53dB Disp Ref 0 01dB 0 01dB 60dB Disp Ref 0 01dB 0 01dB IV Return Loss Test Input 40dB 0 60dB typ gt 45dB Output 40dB 0 60dB 212 Performance Tests V Polarization Dependent Loss PDL Optional Performance Test for the Agilent 8156A Option 101 Page 6 of 8 Model Agilent 8156A Attenuator Option 101 No Date Test Test Description Minimum Maximum Measurement No performed at nm Spec Result Spec Uncertainty I Total Insertion Loss Test dB 0 60dB typ lt 2 5dB measured at nm with SM fiber 3 0 dB H Linearity Att Acc 0 05dB Attenuation Setting 0dB REF 1dB 0 9dB 1 1dB 2dB 1 9dB 2 1dB 3dB 2 9dB 3 1dB 4dB 3 9dB 4 1dB 5dB 4 9dB
60. 5 Gy ere 119 ENABIle register 115 122 ENABIle 105 DVT sasateetabecens 120 Error queue 84 OD 5 setialiiarieatl 122 ERROT cacnspsdertnsane 122 EITOTS cessesseeseceee 122 275 OPERation 117 QUEStionable 120 EVENt register 115 Event Status Enable Register 96 Event Status Enable register OA since tan arenes 95 96 ccsistetiortans 100 Event Status Register 94 OS eres Deniers 96 OB EE 101 102 Excess loss 00 165 F Filter Fixed sicccscsseciees 33 34 aaan 68 Index Repositioning 33 34 aanas 68 116 118 Settling 116 118 Firmware revision 97 Function Test 143 Fuse Replacing 146 G General Purpose Interface BUS on cece 81 GPIB seigi annis 81 Address 006 67 83 Capabilities 82 Command summary 89 Default address 67 83 Interface functional subset Reference works 81 Resetting address 67 GPIB Adapter 157 GPIB Cable 157 GPIB Connector 151 GPIB Interface 150 GPIB Logic Levels 152 H HP IB Address 06 99 Humidity Operating 148 I TEC 625 1 wc 81 TEEE Address 06 81 TEEE 488 1 1987 81 TEEE 488 2 1987 81 93 TEEE 488 1978 81 E soa oe Pa eatend ricaaiaede 83 Initial Inspection 143 INPUT cect Bae tactiates 106 LOT anesini 108
61. 5 1dB 6dB 5 9dB 6 1dB 7dB 6 9dB 7 1dB 8dB 7 9dB 8 1dB 9dB 8 9dB 9 1dB 10dB 9 9dB 10 1dB 213 Performance Test for the Agilent 8156A Option 101 Performance Tests V Polarization Dependent Loss PDL Optional Page 7 of 8 Model Agilent 8156A Attenuator Option 101 No Date Test Test Description Minimum Maximum Measurement No performed at nm Spec Result Spec Uncertainty Il Linearity Att Acc cont 0 05dB Attenuation Setting 11dB 10 9dB 11 1dB 12dB 11 9dB 12 1dB 13dB 12 9dB 13 1dB 14dB 13 9dB 14 1dB 24dB 23 9dB 24 1dB 34dB 33 9dB 34 1dB 44dB 43 9dB 44 1dB 54dB 53 9dB 54 1dB 60dB 59 9dB 60 1dB 214 Performance Test for the Agilent 8156A Option 101 Performance Tests V Polarization Dependent Loss PDL Optional Page 8 of 8 Model Agilent 8156A Attenuator Option 101 No Date Test Test Description Minimum Maximum Measurement No performed at nm Spec Result Spec Uncertainty Ill Att Repeatability Test 0 01dB Attenuation Setting 1dB Disp Ref 0 01dB 0 01dB 5dB Disp Ref 0 01dB 0 01dB 12dB Disp Ref 0 01dB 0 01dB 24dB Disp Ref 0 01dB 0 01dB 36dB Disp Ref 0 01dB 0 01dB 48dB Disp Ref 0 01dB 0 01dB 53dB Disp Ref 0 01dB 0 01dB 60dB Disp Ref 0 01dB 0 01dB IV Return Loss Test Input 40dB 0 60dB typ gt 45dB Output 40dB 0 60dB 215 Performance Tests V Polarization Dependent Loss PDL
62. 50 No Date Test Test Description Minimum Maximum Measurement No performed at nm Spec Result Spec Uncertainty Ill Att Repeatability Test 0 01dB Attenuation Setting 1dB Disp Ref 0 01dB 0 01dB 5dB Disp Ref 0 01dB 0 01dB 12dB Disp Ref 0 01dB 0 01dB 24dB Disp Ref 0 01dB 0 01dB 36dB Disp Ref 0 01dB 0 01dB 48dB Disp Ref 0 01dB 0 01dB 53dB Disp Ref 0 01dB 0 01dB 60dB Disp Ref 0 01dB 0 01dB 240 Performance Tests V Polarization Dependent Loss PDL Optional Performance Test Agilent 8156A V Polarization Dependent Loss Test optional Page 1 of 6 Test Facility Report No Date Customer Tested By Model Serial No Ambient temperature Options Relative humidity Firmware Rev Special Notes Line frequency 241 Performance Tests V Polarization Dependent Loss PDL Optional Performance Test Agilent 8156A V Polarization Dependent Loss Test Page 2 of 6 Test Equipment Used Description HP Agilent Trace No Cal Due Date Model No 1 Polarization Controller 8169A 021 2 Lightwave Multimeter Mainframe 3 Optical Head Interface 81533B 4a CW Laser Source 1310nm 4b CW Laser Source 1550nm 4c CW Laser Source 1310 1550nm 5 Optical Head 81521B 242 Performance Tests V Polarization Dependent Loss PDL Optional Performa
63. 5g se EdB z as E PEE see uE ane CE a E a i E E a Es EES EEG E Sana H aas as as This factor does not affect the filter attenuation It is used to offset the values for the attenuation factor There are two ways of entering the calibration factor e by editing and e by transferring Editing the Calibration Factor You would use this for example to enter an offset to compensate for the insertion loss attenuation of your hardware setup The filter attenuation stays constant while you edit the calibration factor This means that the attenuation factor shown on the display changes according to the formula below from equation 1 To edit an external calibration factor 39 NOTE Using the Attenuator Setting Up the Attenuation 1 press CAL and 2 edit the factor using the Modify keys see Using the Modify Keys on page 29 Resetting the Calibration Factor To reset the calibration factor press and hold CAL until the value resets to zero this takes approximately two seconds The calibration factor resets to zero Transferring to the Calibration Factor You can transfer the attenuation factor shown on the display into the calibration factor so that the attenuation factor is reset to zero You would use this for example after you have set the power through the attenuator at a specific level When you have reset the attenuation factor you can edit it to get a relative attenuation The filte
64. 6 Setting Up the System Setting the GPIB Address 5 1 Setting the GPIB Address To set the GPIB address of the attenuator 1 Press SYST 2 Edit the value for ADDRESS using the Modify keys Resetting the GPIB Address To reset ADDRESS press and hold SYST until the value resets this takes approximately two seconds ADDRESS resets to 28 5 2 Selecting the Wavelength Calibration and Its Function The attenuation at any point on the filter is wavelength dependent This dependence is measured and stored in the instrument and is used with the value for the wavelength entered by the user to compensate for the dependence This is the wavelength calibration data As well as the wavelength calibration data measured for and stored in your instrument in the factory there is space reserved in memory for a set of your own user calibration data There are two choices concerning the use of wavelength calibration data e Whether or not the data should be used to position the filter to compensate for wavelength dependence e Whether the factory made wavelength calibration data is used or the data entered by the user 67 Setting Up the System Selecting the Wavelength Calibration and Its Function Setting the Function of the Wavelength Calibration This compensation can be used e to reposition the filter so that the attenuation stays constant or e to change the attenuation factor on the display to show the wa
65. Agilent Technologies 8156A Attenuator Operating and Programming Guide Agilent Technologies Notices continually increasing customer satisfaction through improved Copyright 1994 2000 Agilent process control Technologies Deutschland GmbH All rights reserved No part of this manual may be reproduced in any form or by any means including electronic storage and retrieval or translation into a foreign language without prior agreement and written consent from Agilent Technologies Inc as governed by United States and international copyright laws Warranty The material contained in this document is subject to change without notice Agilent Technologies makes no warranty of any kind with regard to this material including but not limited to the implied warranties of merchantability and fitness for a particular purpose Agilent Technologies shall not be liable for errors contained herein or for incidental or consequential damages in connection with the furnishing performance or use of this material Edition Print Date All Editions and Updates of this manual and their creation dates are listed below 08156 91011 E0500 Second Edition May 2000 First Edition W0194 E0694 E0696 E1098 Assistance Product maintenance agreements and other customer assistance agreements are available for Agilent Technologies products For any assistance contact your nearest Agilent Technologies Sales and Servic
66. Ble oll INPut ATTenuation lt value gt IMINIDE DB 0 000dB 60 000dB 0 000dB FIMAX ATTenuation lt value gt DB ATTenuation MIN lt value gt DB ATTenuation DEF lt value gt DB ATTenuation MAX lt value gt DB gt INPut 90 Remote Commands Command Summary Parameter Command Response Unit Min Max Default LCMode OFFIONIOI1 LCMode oll gt INPut OFFSet lt value gt IMINIDE DB 99 999dB 99 999dB 0 000dB FIMAX DISPlay OFFSet lt value gt DB OFFSet MIN lt value gt DB OFFSet DEF lt value gt DB OFFSet MAX lt value gt DB INPut WAVelength lt value gt IMINIDE 1200nm 1650nm 1310nm FIMAX WAVelength lt value gt WAVelength MIN lt value gt WAVelength DEF lt value gt WAVelength MAX lt value gt OUTPut APMode OFFIONIOI1L APMode oll OUTPut POWer lt value gt IMINIDE DB 0 000dB 60 000dBt 0 000dBy FIMAX POWer lt value gt DB POWer MIN lt value gt DB POWer DEF lt value gt DBM POWer MAX lt value gt DB OUTPut 91 Remote Commands Command Summary Parameter Command Response Unit Min Max Default STATe OFFIONIOI1 STATe oll APOWeron DISILASTIOI1 APOWeron oll STATUS OPERation EVENt lt value gt CONDition lt value gt ENABle lt value gt ENABle lt value gt NTRansition lt value gt NTRansition
67. Connector Interfaces and Other Accessories on page 158 If you have option 121 or option 221 the monitor output then the Monitor Output provides a signal for monitoring the power getting through the attenuator The signal level is approximately 5 of the output power level For the most accurate results you should measure the coupling ratio and its wavelength dependence for the Monitor Output yourself 47 Making an Attenuation Sweep The Automatic Sweep 3 2 The Automatic Sweep An automatic sweep is one where stepping from one attenuation factor to the next is done by the instrument Setting Up an Automatic Sweep There are four parameters for the automatic sweep e START is the attenuation factor at which the sweep begins e STOP is the attenuation factor that ends the sweep If START and STEP are such that the sweep does not end exactly at STOP then the sweep ends at the immediately previous value e STEP is the size of the attenuation factor change This value is always positive even for a sweep of decreasing attenuation factor STEP cannot be set to a value greater than the difference between START and STOP DWELL is the time taken for each attenuation factor NOTE The dwell time includes the time it takes for the filter attenuation to change The time taken to change depends on the size of the attenuation factor change and is in the range 20 to 400ms typical value is 200ms
68. Dition Description This query reads the contents of the QUEStionable CONDition register Only one bit of the condition register is used e Bit 8 which is 1 when the wavelength is not within the range of the user wavelength calibration data Example OUTPUT 728 STAT QUES COND ENTER 728 AS STATus QUEStionable ENABle Syntax STATus QUEStionable ENABle lt wsp gt lt value gt Description This command sets the bits in the ENABle register that enable the contents of the EVENt register to affect the Status Byte STB Setting 119 Remote Commands STATus Commands a bit in this register to 1 enables the corresponding bit in the EVENt register to affect bit 3 of the Status Byte STATus QUEStionable ENA Ble Syntax STATus QUEStionable ENABle Description This query returns the current contents of the QUEStionable ENABle register Example OUTPUT 728 STAT QU 256 ES ENAB OUTPUT 728 STAT QU ENTER 728 AS STATus QUEStionable EVENt ES ENAB Syntax STATus QUEStionable EVENt Description This query reads the contents of the QUEStionable EVENt register Only one bit of the event register is used whether these bits contain information depends on the transition register configuration Bit 8 which is 1 when the wavelength is not within the range of the user wavelength calibratio
69. GDOGD Agilent 81000UM and 81000FI opDpa00000 Q T roe ee Agilent 81113PC pee Press BACK REFL to start operation as a back reflector You need to enter measured values for the insertion loss of the attenuator INS LOSS the return loss of the attenuator RL INPUT and the reference return loss you are using RL REF The return loss RL is calculated according to the equation RLInput dB RLInput dB 2 Att dB InsLoss dB RLRef dB 10 10 10 f 10 Jo RL dB oeo You edit the value for the return loss while the application is running 32 Getting Started Using the Through Power Mode NOTE 1 5 Using the Through Power Mode Before using the instrument you should make sure that it is properly warmed up The instrument is properly warmed up when it has been switched on for a minimum of 45 minutes Failure to do this can cause errors of up to 0 04dB in the attenuation In the through power mode the instrument shows the power that gets through the attenuator on the display that is the power at the output rather than the attenuation When you select the through power mode the attenuation factor in dB becomes the value for the through power in dBm Set the calibration factor see Entering a Calibration Factor on page 39 to get the attenuation factor to the value of the through power After measuring and setting this base power value press SYST repeatedly until THRUPOWR is shown at the b
70. PARAM A ooo mmi 000 O00 o o o pg pgo p cB 0 oO o0 OOO o8O oO ooo QBogogo0 og 0g Qo g Oo 000 ooo 0 IE 1 OO a oo O00 oO Edit the wavelength using the modify keys To edit the wavelength 1 press A and 2 edit the value using the Modify keys see Using the Modify Keys on page 29 Resetting the Wavelength To reset the wavelength press and hold ATT until the value resets this takes approximately two seconds The wavelength resets to 1310nm 41 Using the Attenuator Example Setting the Calibration 2 3 Example Setting the Calibration This example uses the Agilent 8156A Attenuator with a HP 8153A multimeter with one source and one sensor The connectors for this system are all HMS 10 We set up the hardware and measure the insertion loss of the system and use this value to set a calibration factor 1 Configure the hardware as shown in the figure below making sure that all the connectors are clean Figure 2 5 Hardware Configuration for Attenuation Example A HP 8153A Agilent 81000AI JOOOOV oo000000 00000000 Agilent 81101AC a Make sure that the power sensor is installed in the multimeter mainframe in channel A and the source is in channel B b Connect both instruments to the electric supply c Switch on both instruments 42 NOTE Figure 2 6 Using the Attenuator Example Setting the Cal
71. PTF Agilent O00000 OOF 81000FI Agilent 81113PC Agilent 81113SC Agilent 81000AI Agilent 81000SI 181 Performance Tests Performance Test Figure D 6 Total Insertion Loss Test Setup 2 Option 350 HP 81532A Source HP 8153A Agilent o g L 81000AI DU ouaou OUD Agilent 8156A DUT OQ000000 ggap oor Agilent 81501AC Agilent SI50IAC Agilent 81000AI 7 Enable the attenuator output and record the power meter reading in dB in the Test Record and check that it is within specifications II Linearity Attenuation Accuracy Test Specifications Agilent 8156A Linearity Option 100 Option 101 Option 121 Option 201 Option 221 Option 350 lt 0 2dB lt 0 1dB lt 0 1dB lt 0 1dB lt 0 1dB lt 0 1dB Carry out the following Attenuation Accuracy tests at 1310nm and 1550nm with single mode fibers using the equipment listed previously 182 Performance Tests Performance Test 1 Set the attenuator as follows as required CAL to 0 00 dB ATT to 0 00 dB 2 Connect the equipment as shown in the appropriate Total Insertion Loss Test Setup 2 NOTE Use a tape to fix the fibers on the table Don t touch the fibers during the measurement to prevent changes of state of polarization
72. PUT 728 DISP BRIG ENTER 728 AS DISPlay ENABle Syntax DISPlay ENABle lt wsp gt OFFIONIOI1 Description This command enables or disables the front panel display Set the state to OFF or 0 to switch the display off set the state to ON or 1 to switch the display on The default is for the display to be on DISPlay ENABle Syntax DISPlay ENABle Description The query returns the current state of the display A returned value of 0 indicates that the display is off A returned value of 1 indicates that the display is on Example OUTPUT 728 DISP ENAB ON OUTPUT 728 DISP ENAB ENTER 728 AS 105 Remote Commands INPut Commands 8 5 INPut Commands INPut ATTenuation Syntax INPut ATTenuation lt wsp gt lt value gt DB IMINIDEFIMAX Description This command sets the attenuation factor for the instrument The attenuation factor is used with the calibration factor see to set the filter attenuation Attenuation sje dB Att dB Cal dB You set the attenuation factor by sending a value default units are dB or by sending MIN DEF or MAX which specify the minimum default and maximum values for the attenuation factor The minimum value and the default value are those values for which Attenuationfitter OdB The maximum value is that value for which Attenuation fiter 18 at its greatest INPut ATTenuation Syntax INPut ATTenuation
73. R Note the displayed angle of the polarization filter as Polarizer Setting Linear Horizontal Polarization in the Test Record For the following steps the polarizer is kept constant Set plates for Linear Horizontal polarization Set the 4 4 Retarder Plate for Linear Horizontal polarization a Select the A 4 Retarder Plate Press 4 4 Modify the 4 4 plate setting to the same angle as the polarization filter found in item 6c c Press ENTER d Note the angle as A 4 Plate Setting Linear Horizontal Polarization in the Test Record Set the 4 2 Retarder Plate for Linear Horizontal polarization 194 Performance Tests V Polarization Dependent Loss PDL Optional a Select the A 2 Retarder Plate Press A 2 b Modify the 4 2 plate setting to the same angle as the polarization filter found in item 6c c Press ENTER d Note the angle as A 2 Plate Setting Linear Horizontal Polarization in the Test Record Determine settings for Linear Vertical Linear Diagonal and Right Hand Circular Polarization 9 In order to get the required polarization the 4 2 and 1 4 retarder plates need to be set to the appropriate values The corrected positions of the polarizer plates depend on the actual wavelength and have to be taken from Table D 3 In the case of Linear Horizontal polarized light no correction is to be done The table lists corrections for every 20 nm step For wavelengths between listed values a linear a
74. SR1 Complete service request capability RL1 Complete remote local capability PPO No parallel poll capability DC1 Device clear capability DTO No device trigger capability CO No controller capability 82 Programming the Attenuator Setting the GPIB Address 7 2 Setting the GPIB Address You can only set the GPIB address from the front panel See Setting the GPIB Address on page 67 The default GPIB address is 28 7 3 Returning the Instrument to Local Control If the instrument has been operated in remote the only keys you can use are Locala and ENB DIS The Local key returns the instrument to local control Local does not operate if local lockout has been enabled ENB DIS enables and disables the output from the attenuator ENB DIS does not operate if SHUTTER is set to LOCKOUT see Locking Out Enb Dis on page 72 7 4 How the Attenuator Receives and Transmits Messages The attenuator exchanges messages using an input and an output queue Error messages are kept in a separate error queue How the Input Queue Works The input queue is a FIFO queue first in first out Incoming bytes are stored in the input queue as follows 1 Receiving a byte a Clears the output queue 83 Programming the Attenuator How the Attenuator Receives and Transmits Messages b Clears Bit 7 MSB 2 No modification is made inside strings or binary blocks Outside strings and binary blocks the f
75. Set lt wsp gt lt value gt DB IMINIDEFIMAX 107 Remote Commands INPut Commands Description This command sets the calibration factor for the instrument This factor does not affect the filter attenuation It is used to offset the values for the attenuation factor The calibration factor is used with the attenuation factor see INPut ATTenuation on page 106 to set the attenuation of the filter Attenuationgy aB Att dB Cal dB You set the calibration by sending a value default units are dB or by sending MIN DEF or MAX which specify the minimum default and maximum values for the calibration factor The minimum value for the calibration factor is 99 999dB The default value is OdB The maximum value is 99 999dB INPut OFFSet Syntax Description Example INPut OFFSet Syntax INPut OFFSet lt wsp gt MINIDEFIMAX The query returns the current calibration factor in dB By sending MIN DEF or MAX with the query the minimum default or maximum value possible for the calibration factor is returned OUTPUT 728 INP OFFS 32 15 OUTPUT 728 INP OFFS ENTER 728 AS DISPlay INPut OFFSet DISPlay 108 NOTE Remote Commands INPut Commands Description This command sets the calibration factor for the instrument from the current attenuation factor The filter attenuation is not affected The offset is set so that the atten
76. UT Att SRE 248 ESE 255 The SRE 248 command enables bits 7 Operation Status Summary 5 ESB 4 MAV and 3 Questionable Status Summary in the status byte bit 6 SRQ cannot be disabled in this register The ESE 255 command enables all of the bits in the Event Status Register 200 210 Set up the screen 220 230 CLEAR SCREEN Status Structure and a useful self learning tool 240 PRINT TABXY 40 3 Status Byte 250 PRINT TABXY 4 1 OPS SRQ ESB MAV QUE 260 PRINT TABXY 4 2 7 4 4 4 t t t t 4 4 4 270 PRINT TABXY 4 3 A 3 pr 280 PRINT TABXY 4 4 7 t 4 4 4t 4 t t 4 4 4 290 PRINT TABXY 4 5 ae 300 PRINT TABXY 4 6 p 310 PRINT TABXY 4 TIY t t t 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 320 PRINT TABXY 4 8 OR 2 330 PRINT TABXY 4 9 7 t 4 4 4t 4t t t 4 4 4 132 Programming Examples Example 2 Status Registers and Queues A A A A an 340 PRINT TABXY 4 10 350 PRINT TABXY 4 11 4 4 4 t t 4 yy r yy en 360 PRINT TABXY 4 12 3 3 3 3 370 PRINT TABXY 9 I3 e e ae 380 PRINT TABXY 4 14 PON URQ CME EXE DDE QYE ROC OPC 390 PRINT TABXY 40 12 Standard Event Status Register 400 PRINT TABXY 4 16 Last Command 410 PRINT TABXY 4 17 Last Error st 420 PRINT TABXY 4 18 Output Queue 430 440 Start the program loop and enable the interrupt fo
77. ad in the power now the insertion loss of the attenuat or 580 and put it into the calibration factor on the attenuator 590 f 600 OUTPUT Mm readl pow 610 ENTER Mm Insloss 620 OUTPUT Att inp offs Insloss The sign is here because the value from the attenuator is the insertion gain 630 END 138 Programming Examples Example 4 Running an Attenuation Sweep 9 4 Example 4 Running an Attenuation Sweep Function We set up the instrument to sweep from OdB to 5dB with an interval of 0 5dB dwelling for a second at each attenuation factor The requirements are an Agilent 8156A Attenuator Listing 10 La a a um a a E 20 t 30 Agilent 8156A Programming Example 4 40 t 50 Running an Attenuation Sweep 60 l 70 E E ee A ee eS 80 f 90 Definitions and Initializations 100 110 Att 728 130 1 140 Startatt 0 0 150 Stopatt 5 0 160 Stepatt 0 5 170 Dwell 1 180 190 Initialise the instrument 200 210 OUTPUT Att rst cls 220 230 Do the sweep 240 250 FOR Value Startatt TO Stopatt STEP Stepatt 260 OUTPUT Att inp att Value 270 WAIT Dwell 280 NEXT Value 290 END 139 Programming Examples Example 4 Running an Attenuation Sweep 140 Installation Installation This appendix provides installation instructions for the attenuator It also includes information about initial inspection and damage claims preparation for use packaging storage and s
78. ai B Sa 8 pHo 6p g o gOo000 00 0 00000 On000 0000 00000 0 mi 0 ooo Ooooo0 mi 2 Press EXEC Recalling a User Setting To recall a setting that is stored 77 Storing and Recalling Settings Recalling a Setting Press RECALL Select the location from which you want to recall the setting using the T or the L Press EXEC 78 Programming the Attenuator Programming the Attenuator This chapter gives general information on how to control the attenuator remotely Descriptions for the actual commands for the attenuator are given in the following chapters The information in these chapters is specific to the attenuator and assumes that you are already familiar with programming the GPIB 80 Programming the Attenuator PIB Interface 7 1 GPIB Interface The interface used by the attenuator is the GPIB General Purpose Interface Bus This is the interface used for communication between a controller and an external device such as the attenuator The GPIB conforms to IEEE standard 488 1978 ANSII standard MC 1 1 and IEC recommendation 625 1 If you are not familiar with the GPIB then refer to the following books e Hewlett Packard Company Tutorial Description of Hewlett Packard Interface Bus 1987 e The International Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers JEEE Standard 488 1 1987 IEEE Standard Digital Interface for Programmable Instrumentation New York NY 1987 e The Int
79. aining lint with compressed air E 10 How to clean bare fiber adapters Bare fiber adapters are difficult to clean Protect from dust unless they are in use Never use any kind of solvent when cleaning a bare fiber adapter as solvents can damage the foam inside some adapters They can deposit dissolved dirt in the groove which can then dirty the surface of an inserted fiber Preferred Procedure Use the following procedure on most occasions 261 Cleaning Information How to clean lenses 1 Blow away any dust or dirt with compressed air Procedure for Stubborn Dirt Use this procedure particularly when there is greasy dirt on the adapter 1 Clean the adapter by pushing and pulling a new dry pipe cleaner into the opening Rotate the pipe cleaner slowly as you do this CAUTION Be careful when using pipe cleaners as the core and the bristles of the pipe cleaner are hard and can damage the adapter 2 Clean the adapter by rubbing a new dry cotton swab over the surface using a small circular movement 3 Blow away any remaining lint with compressed air E 11 How to clean lenses Some lenses have special coatings that are sensitive to solvents grease liquid and mechanical abrasion Take extra care when cleaning lenses with these coatings Lens assemblies consisting of several lenses are not normally sealed Therefore use as little alcohol as possible as it can get between the lenses and in doing so
80. alizations 00 10 Att 728 20 Mm 722 30 oon 40 OUTPUT Mm rst cls 50 OUTPUT Att rst cls 60 I 70 Setup the instruments with the output of the source connected 80 to the input of the sensor and wait for the ENTER key to i 90 be pressed before continuing 200 210 CLEAR SCREEN 220 PRINT TABXY 4 17 230 INPUT Connect the Source to the Sensor and then press ENTER Inp 240 250 Set the sensor wavelength to that of the source 260 270 OUTPUT Mm sour2 pow wave 280 ENTER Mm Wvl 290 OUTPUT Mm sensl pow wave Wvl 300 310 Activate the source SAOI tt 330 OUTPUT Mm sour2 pow stat on 340 350 Set the instrument to measure in dB and take the current power 360 as the reference 370 380 OUTPUT Mm sensl pow ref stat on 390 WAIT 2 Let everything settle before making a reading 400 OUTPUT Mm sensl pow ref disp 410 420 Switch off the source and prompt for the next hardware se tup 430 440 OUTPUT Mm sour2 pow stat off 450 PRINT TABXY 4 17 460 INPUT Connect the Attenuator into the setup and press ENTE R to continue Inp 470 480 Set the wavelength on the attenuator 490 500 OUTPUT Att inp wave Wvl 51 0 lt 1 520 Switch on the source enable the attenuator 137 Programming Examples Example 3 Measuring and Including the Insertion Loss 530 540 OUTPUT Mm sour2 pow stat on 550 OUTPUT Att outp on 560 570 Re
81. and is the attenuation for the next calibration point The wavelength of the calibration point is updated automatically The first piece of data is for the start wavelength specified by the UCAL START command The default value for the value is dB The value can be in the range 0 001dB to 99 999dB UCA Libration VA Lue Syntax UCALibration VALue Description The query returns a value from the user wavelength calibration data The value returned is the attenuation for the next calibration point The wavelength of the calibration point is updated automatically The first piece of data is for the start wavelength as returned by the UCAL START query The values returned are in dB The error 204 indicates that there are no more data points to be read 127 Remote Commands User Calibration Commands 128 Programming Examples Programming Examples This chapter gives some programming examples The language used for the programming is BASIC 5 1 Language System used on HP 9000 Series 200 300 computers These programming examples do not cover the full command set for the instrument They are intended only as an introduction to the method of programming the instrument The programming examples use the GPIB 130 Programming Examples Example 1 Checking Communication 9 1 Example 1 Checking Communication Function This program sends a queries and displays the reply Listing 10 SS
82. and recommendation on materials to be used if the original packing is no longer available or reusable General instructions for repacking are as follows 152 Installation Claims and Repackaging 1 Wrap instrument in heavy paper or plastic 2 Use strong shipping container A double wall carton made of 350 pound test material is adequate 3 Use enough shock absorbing material 3 to 4 inch layer around all sides of the instrument to provide a firm cushion and prevent movement inside container Protect control panel with cardboard 4 Seal shipping container securely 5 Mark shipping container FRAGILE to encourage careful handling 6 Inany correspondence refer to instrument by model number and serial number 153 Installation Claims and Repackaging 154 Accessories Accessories 156 Accessories Instrument and Options B 1 Instrument and Options Table B 1 Mainframe Description Model No Optical Attenuator Agilent 8156A Standard Option 100 High Performance Version Option 101 High Performance High Return Loss Version Option 201 Monitor Output Option 121 Monitor Output Option 221 Back Reflector Kit for option 201 Option 203 Additional Operating and Option 0B2 Programming Manual Kit consists of 1 ea Agilent 81000SI Agilent 8 1000FI Agilent 81113PC Agilent 81000UM Agilent 81000BR B 2 GPIB Cables and Adapters The GPIB connector is compatible with the connectors
83. as received but could not be used during execution because of a conflict with the current state of the instrument 222 Data out of range The data though valid was outside the range allowed by the instrument 280 Error Messages GPIB Messages 223 Too much data The block expression or string data was too long for the instrument to handle 224 Illegal parameter value One value from a list of possible values was expected The parameter received was not found in the list 240 Hardware error Indicates that a command could not be executed due to a hardware error but the control block cannot be more specific 241 Hardware missing Indicates that a command could not be executed because of missing instrument hardware Device Specific Errors These are error messages in the range 300 to 399 or between 1 and 32767 They indicate that an error has been detected that is specific to the operation of the attenuator An device specific error is signaled by the device specific error bit bit 3 in the event status register 300 Device specific error This indicates that a device specific error has occurred No more specific information is available 310 System error An instrument system error has occurred 311 Memory error A memory error has been detected 281 Error Messages GPIB Messages 314 Save recall memory lost The nonvolatile data saved by the SAV command has been lost 315 Configurati
84. ause mechanical stress which can damage your optical device Ensure that your liquid soap has no abrasive properties or perfume in it You should also avoid normal washing up liquid as it can cover your device in an iridescent film after it has been air dried Some lenses and mirrors also have a special coating which may be sensitive to mechanical stress or to fat and liquids For this reason we recommend you do not touch them If you are not sure how sensitive your device is to cleaning please contact the manufacturer or your sales distributor Premoistened cleaning wipes Use pre moistened cleaning wipes as described in each individual cleaning procedure Cleaning wipes may be used in every instance where a moistened soft tissue or cotton swab is applied Polymer film Polymer film is available from laboratory suppliers or specialist mail order companies Using polymer film is a gentle method of cleaning extremely sensitive devices such as reference reflectors and mirrors Infrared Sensor Card Infrared sensor cards are available from laboratory suppliers or specialist mail order companies With this card you are able to control the shape of laser light emitted The invisible laser beam is projected onto the sensor card then becomes visible to the normal eye as a round spot Take care never to look into the end of a fiber or any other optical component when they are in use This is because the laser can seriously damag
85. calibration point and the spacing between the calibration points The default units for both values are meters The minimum value for the start wavelength is 1200nm and the minimum value for the step size is 0 1nm the maximum value for the step size is 10nm Other than this the start and step values must satisfy the formula start value number of step 1 x step value lt 1650nm where the number of steps must be in the range 10 to 401 124 Remote Commands User Calibration Commands The error 221 indicates that there is a conflict inherent in the start parameters for the user calibration That is the start_value and or step_value is invalid The error 201 indicates that the user calibration is currently on and calibration data cannot be changed Switch the user calibration state off see UCALibration STATe on page 125 and try again UCALibration STARt Syntax UCALibration STARt Description The query starts returning the data for the user wavelength calibration Three values are returned in response to this query 1 The wavelength value for the first calibration data point in meters 2 The step size between the data calibration points in meters 3 The number of data points that have been stored for the full calibration UCALibration STATe Syntax UCALibration STATe lt wsp gt OF FIONIOI1 Description This command selects the wavelength calibration to be used The choice is th
86. can change the properties of projection Preferred Procedure Use the following procedure on most occasions 1 Clean the lens by rubbing a new dry cotton swab over the surface using a small circular movement 2 Blow away any remaining lint with compressed air 262 Cleaning Information How to clean instruments with a fixed connector interface Procedure for Stubborn Dirt Use this procedure particularly when there is greasy dirt on the lens 1 Moisten a new cotton swab with isopropyl alcohol 2 Clean the lens by rubbing the cotton swab over the surface using a small circular movement 3 Using anew dry cotton swab remove the alcohol any dissolved sediment and dust 4 Blow away any remaining lint with compressed air CAUTION E 12 How to clean instruments with a fixed connector interface You should only clean instruments with a fixed connector interface when it is absolutely necessary This is because it is difficult to remove any used alcohol or filaments from the input of the optical block It is important therefore to keep dust caps on the equipment at all times except when your optical device is in use If you do discover filaments or particles the only way to clean a fixed connector interface and the input of the optical block is to use compressed air If there are fluids or fat in the connector please refer the instrument to the skilled personnel of Agilent s service team Only us
87. covering the entire Poincar sphere Measurement with the Agilent Technologies polarization analyzer Repeatability The random uncertainty in reproducing the attenuation after changing and re setting the attenuation The repeatability is half the span between the maximum and the minimum attenuations expressed in dB Conditions uninterrupted line voltage constant wavelength setting temperature within 1 K constant input polarization state Measurement with an optical power meter Return loss The ratio of the incident power to the reflected power expressed in dB Conditions jumper cables with high quality connectors on both attenuator ports Arbitrary attenuation setting Applicable to both attenuator ports with the respective second port terminated zero reference Measurement with a return loss meter using a Fabry Perot type laser source The measurement result includes attenuator internal reflectances and reflectances from both attenuator ports Wavelength range The range of wavelengths to which the specifications apply 166 Specifications Specifications C 2 Specifications Specifications describe the instrument s warranted performance Supplementary performance characteristics describe the instrument s non warranted typical performance Specifications are measured at 1310nm and 1550nm using a laser source single mode fiber and Agilent 81000AI or Agilent 81000SI connector interfaces
88. ctor 4 1 Configuring the Hardware ssccsssscssssceseceees 59 4 2 Setting Up the Software sccsssccssssccsssscsseseees 60 Editing the Setup 0 eee ceecsseeseeseeeeeesereeeeseeeeeeseeeaes 60 Executing the Back Reflector Application 20 0 61 4 3 Example Setting a Return LOSS sccssscsssseees 62 5 Setting Up the System 5 1 Setting the GPIB Address cccssccssssccssssccssoees 67 Resetting the GPIB Address woo eee ceseeeeeeeeereeneeenees 67 5 2 Selecting the Wavelength Calibration and Its Function 67 Setting the Function of the Wavelength Calibration 68 Selecting the Wavelength Calibration Data oo 69 12 Table of Contents 5 3 Selecting the Through Power Mode 0000 70 Deselecting the Through Power Mode cscseeseesseeeneees 71 Resetting the Through Power Mode ou ceeeeeeeeseeeeeeee 71 5 4 Setting the Display Brightness e ssseessooesooesssesose 71 Resetting the Display Brightness essessessesssereersersesrresees 71 5 5 Selecting the Setting used at Power On 72 Resetting the Power On Setting eeeeeeseereeereeressererrereeeses 72 5 6 Locking Out ENB DIS ssccssssccssssccssssccsssscsessees 72 Resetting the ENB DIS Lock Out oo eee eee eseeee tees 73 5 7 Selecting the Shutter State at Power On 73 Resetting the Shutter State at Power On oo ee 73 5 8 Setting the Display Resolution cccsccs
89. ctor which has a gold plated surface are very sensitive to mechanical stress or pressure Do not use cotton swabs soft tissues or other mechanical cleaning tools as these can scratch or destroy the surface Preferred Procedure Use the following procedure on most occasions 1 Blow away any dust or dirt with compressed air Procedure for Stubborn Dirt To clean devices that are extremely sensitive to mechanical stress or pressure you can also use an optical clean polymer film This procedure is time consuming but you avoid scratching or destroying the surface 1 Put the film on the surface and wait at least 30 minutes to make sure that the film has had enough time to dry 2 Remove the film and any dirt with special adhesive tapes Alternative Procedure For these types of optical devices you can often use an ultrasonic bath with isopropyl alcohol Only use the ultrasonic bath if you are sure that it wont cause any damage anything to the device 1 Put the device into the bath for at least three minutes 2 Blow away any remaining liquid with compressed air If there are any streaks or drying stains on the surface repeat the cleaning procedure 267 Cleaning Information How to clean metal filters or attenuator gratings E 17 How to clean metal filters or attenuator gratings This kind of device is extremely fragile A misalignment of the grating leads to inaccurate measurements Never touch the surface of the me
90. der use the blade of a flat headed screwdriver to depress the catch at the side of the holder and then pull the holder out a little 146 Installation AC Line Power Supply Requirements Figure A 3 Releasing the Fuse Holder A a 7 if 7 Sy y To 2 Pull the fuse holder out of the instrument Figure A 4 The Fuse Holder 3 Check and replace the fuse as necessary making sure that the fuse is always in the top position of the fuse holder and the bridge is in the bottom 4 Place the fuse holder back in the instrument and push it until the catch clicks back into place 147 Installation Operating and Storage Environment A 4 Operating and Storage Environment The following summarizes the Agilent 8156A operating environment ranges In order for the attenuator to meet specifications the operating environment must be within these limits WARNING The Agilent 8156A is not designed for outdoor use To prevent potential fire or shock hazard do not expose the instrument to rain or other excessive moisture Temperature Protect the instrument from temperature extremes and changes in temperature that may cause condensation within it The storage and operating temperature for the Agilent 8156A is given in the table below Table A 1 Temperature Operating Range Storage Range Specified 0 C to 55 C 40 C to 70 C Humidity The operating humidity for the Agilen
91. e This should prevent it from getting too dirty If you must clean such instruments please refer the instrument to the skilled personnel of Agilent s service team Preferred Procedure Use the following procedure on most occasions 1 Blow away any dust or dirt with compressed air If this is not sufficient then 2 Clean the interface by rubbing a new dry cotton swab over the surface using a small circular movement 3 Blow away any remaining lint with compressed air Procedure for Stubborn Dirt Use this procedure particularly when there is greasy dirt on the interface and using the procedure for light dirt is not sufficient Using isopropyl alcohol should be your last choice for recessed lens interfaces because of the difficulty of cleaning out any dirt that is washed to the edge of the interface 1 Moisten a new cotton swab with isopropyl alcohol 2 Clean the interface by rubbing the cotton swab over the surface using a small circular movement 3 Take a new dry soft tissue and remove the alcohol dissolved sediment and dust by rubbing gently over the surface using a small circular movement 4 Blow away any remaining lint with compressed air 266 Cleaning Information How to clean optical devices which are sensitive to mechanical stress and pressure E 16 How to clean optical devices which are sensitive to mechanical stress and pressure Some optical devices such as the Agilent 81000BR Reference Refle
92. e Office see Service and Support on page 9 ISO 9001 Certification Produced to ISO 9001 international quality system standard as part of Agilent Technologies objective of Agilent Technologies GmbH Herrenberger Str 130 71034 B blingen Germany Safety Summary The following general safety precautions must be observed during all phases of operation of this instrument Failure to comply with these precautions or with specific warnings elsewhere in this manual violates safety standards of design manufacture and intended use of the instrument Agilent Technologies assumes no liability for the customer s failure to comply with these requirements GENERAL This product is a Safety Class 1 instrument provided with a protective earth terminal The protective features of this product may be impaired if it is used in a manner not specified in the operation instructions All Light Emitting Diodes LEDs used in this product are Class 1 LEDs as per IEC 60825 1 ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS This instrument is intended for indoor use in an installation category II pollution degree 2 environment It is designed to operate at a maximum relative humidity of 95 and at altitudes of up to 2000 meters Refer to the specifications tables for the ac mains voltage requirements and ambient operating temperature range BEFORE APPLYING POWER Verify that the product is set to match the available line voltage the correct fuse is in
93. e clean dry compressed air Make sure that the air is free of dust water and oil If the air that you use is not clean and dry this can lead to filmy deposits or scratches on the surface of your connector interface This will degrade the performance of your transmission system 263 Cleaning Information How to clean instruments with an optical glass plate Never try to open the instrument and clean the optical block by yourself because it is easy to scratch optical components and cause them to be misaligned E 13 How to clean instruments with an optical glass plate Some instruments for example the optical heads from Agilent Technologies have an optical glass plate to protect the sensor Clean this glass plate in the same way as optical lenses see How to clean lenses on page 262 E 14 How to clean instruments with a physical contact interface Remove any connector interfaces from the optical output of the instrument before you start the cleaning procedure Cleaning interfaces is difficult as the core diameter of a single mode fiber is only about 9 um This generally means you cannot see streaks or scratches on the surface To be certain of the degree of pollution on the surface of your interface and to check whether it has been removed after cleaning you need a microscope WARNING Never look into an optical output because this can seriously damage your eyesight To assess the projection of the em
94. e factory made calibration for the instrument or the calibration data entered into the instrument by the user see Selecting the Wavelength Calibration and Its Function on page 67 125 Remote Commands User Calibration Commands Switch the state off using OFF or 0 to use the factory made calibration Switch the state on using ON or 1 to use the user calibration data NOTE If you are using the instrument in an environment where the temperature changes you should not use the user wavelength calibration data as it lacks correction for temperature changes UCA Libration STATe Syntax UCALibration STATe Description The query returns the current wavelength calibration state O indicates the instrument is using the factory made wavelength calibration data 1 indicates that the instrument is using the user calibration data Example OUTPUT 728 UCAL STAT ON OUTPUT 728 UCAL STAT ENTER 728 AS UCALibration STOP Syntax UCALibration STOP Description This command ends the entering of the user calibration data The error 203 indicates that entering the data points cannot be stopped because it has not been started UCA Libration VALue Syntax UCALibration VALue lt wsp gt lt value gt Description This command enters a value for the user wavelength calibration data 126 Remote Commands User Calibration Commands The value that you send with this comm
95. e protective earth connection intentionally The following work should be carried out by a qualified electrician All local electrical codes must be strictly observed If the plug on the cable does not fit the power outlet or if the cable is to be attached to a terminal block cut the cable at the plug end and rewire it The color coding used in the cable depends on the cable supplied If you are connecting a new plug it should meet the local safety requirements and include the following features e Adequate load carrying capacity see table of specifications e Ground connection e Cable clamp The AC power requirements are summarized on the rear panel of the instrument Figure A 2 Rear Panel Markings 145 Installation AC Line Power Supply Requirements Replacing the Battery KS Ki This instrument contains a lithium battery Replacing thebattery should be carried out only by a qualified electrician or by Agilent Technologies service personnel There is a danger of explosion if the battery is incorrectly replaced Replace only with the same or an equivalent type Agilent part number 1420 0394 Discard used batteries according to local regulations Replacing the Fuse There is one fuse in this instrument This is a T1A 250V time lag Agilent Part No 2110 0007 The fuse holder is at the rear of the instrument beside the line power connector To replace the fuse 1 Release the fuse hol
96. e your eyes 255 Cleaning Information Preserving Connectors E 4 Preserving Connectors Listed below are some hints on how best to keep your connectors in the best possible condition Making Connections Before you make any connection you must ensure that all cables and connectors are clean If they are dirty use the appropriate cleaning procedure When inserting the ferrule of a patchcord into a connector or an adapter make sure that the fiber end does not touch the outside of the mating connector or adapter Otherwise you will rub the fiber end against an unsuitable surface producing scratches and dirt deposits on the surface of your fiber Dust Caps and Shutter Caps Be careful when replacing dust caps after use Do not press the bottom of the cap onto the fiber as any dust in the cap can scratch or dirty your fiber surface When you have finished cleaning put the dust cap back on or close the shutter cap if the equipment is not going to be used immediately Keep the caps on the equipment always when it is not in use All of Agilent Technologies lightwave instruments and accessories are shipped with either laser shutter caps or dust caps If you need additional or replacement dust caps contact your nearest Agilent Technologies Sales Service Office Immersion Oil and Other Index Matching Compounds Where it is possible do not use immersion oil or other index matching compounds with your device They are l
97. eS NENE SS ee 20 30 Agilent 8156A Programming Example 1 40 50 A Simple Communications Check 60 i 70 SSeS Sea aa eee 80 90 Definitions and initialisations 00 10 Att 728 This statement sets the address of the attenuator The first 7 is to access the GPIB card in the controller the 28 is the GPIB address of the attenuator 20 DIM String 50 30 50 PRINT TABXY 5 10 Programming Example 1 Simple Communica tions 60 70 Send an IDN query and get the Identification 80 90 OUTPUT Att IDN 200 ENTER Att String 210 PRINT TABXY 10 12 Identification String 220 230 END 131 Programming Examples Example 2 Status Registers and Queues 9 2 Example 2 Status Registers and Queues Function This program sends a commands and queries typed in by the user The contents of the status byte and the standard event status register are displayed These registers are updated for each new command and each time a Service ReQuest SRQ occurs The number of the most recent error and the most recent contents of the output queue is also displayed Listing 10 SS SS Sn ee Se 20 30 Agilent 8156A Programming Example 2 40 50 60 70 LoS SSS SSRs Se i A E A A A 80 90 Declarations and initializations 00 f 10 INTEGER Value Bit Quot Xpos Ypos 20 DIM Inp 100 30 DIM A 300 40 Att 728 50 ON INTR 7 GOSUB Pmm_srq 60 1 70 Mask the registers 80 90 OUTP
98. ected wavelength dependent positions for Right Hand Circular polarized light You need to select the 4 4 and A 2 Retarder plates by pressing A 4 and A 2 respectively Type the appropriate value and press ENTER after each entry Read the power that is displayed on the power meter and note it as Poy in the test record 11 Connect the equipment as shown in Figure D 14 197 Performance Tests V Polarization Dependent Loss PDL Optional CAUTION The patchcords between the polarization controller and the optical head must not move until the measurements are finished 12 Set the 8156A Attenuator DUT to OdB using the modify keys Figure D 14 PDL Test Setup 2 Power after DUT Laser Source N HP 8169A 021 Agilent 8156A HP 8153A Polarization Controller Optical Attenuator Connector o Interface Na MA Agilent 81000SI q Input Output o Iie SDR Agilent 81113PC Isolator Connector Interface Agilent 81000FI F HP 81521B Agilent 81000DF Agilent 81000SA Agilent 811135C PDL Test Setup 2 with options 201 221 angled connectors Laser Source HP 8169A 021 Agilent 8156A HP 8153A Polarization Controller Optical Attenuator Connector o Interface A MA Agilent 81000AI Input Output Go q Il 81533B Isolato
99. ector interfaces or on feed through adapters Do not use them on optical head adapters as the center of a pipe cleaner is hard metal and can damage the bottom of the adapter Your pipe cleaner should be new when you use it If it has collected any dust or dirt this can scratch or contaminate your device The tip and center of the pipe cleaner are made of metal Avoid accidentally pressing these metal parts against the inside of the device as this can cause scratches Compressed air Compressed air can be purchased from any laboratory supplier It is essential that your compressed air is free of dust water and oil Only use clean dry air If not this can lead to filmy deposits or scratches on the surface of your connector This will reduce the performance of your transmission system When spraying compressed air hold the can upright If the can is held at a slant propellant could escape and dirty your optical device First spray into the air as the initial stream of compressed air could contain some condensation or propellant Such condensation leaves behind a filmy deposit Please be friendly to your environment and use a CFC free aerosol Additional Cleaning Equipment Some Cleaning Procedures need the following equipment which is not required to clean each instrument 253 Cleaning Information What do I need for proper cleaning e Microscope with a magnification range about 50X up to 300X e Ultrasonic bath e Warm
100. eeeseeeeeees 118 STATus OPERation PTRansition ceeeceeessecesseeeereees 118 STATus QUEStionable CONDition ee eeceeeeeeerees 119 STATus QUEStionable ENABle ooo ceeeeeesseesteeeeeneees 119 STATus QUEStionable EVENt oo eeeeeeseecesteeeeeeees 120 STATus QUEStionable NTRansition eeeceeeseeeneees 120 STATus QUEStionable PTRansition eecceeeeeereees 121 SSTATus PRESet enna era ie kieti e r oR EE iR 122 8 8 SYSTem Commands cccccccssssssssssssssssssssssssveee L22 15 Table of Contents SYSTEM ERROL reene e an o i ie e 122 8 9 User Calibration Commands seessssceesssooeessoceessccee 123 Entering the User Calibration Data ooo eee eens 123 9 Programming Examples 9 1 Example 1 Checking Communication 131 9 2 Example 2 Status Registers and Queues 132 9 3 Example 3 Measuring and Including the Insertion LOSS sss osviekcccaasseesbobuesdashsuetcnnbcnkkenton ules eneedebeeabvcuiebbaposebesobnenss 135 9 4 Example 4 Running an Attenuation Sweep 139 A Installation A 1 Safety Considerations cccssccssssccssssccssscceseees 143 A 2 Initial Inspection sssesssessccssocesocesoocesseesscessocesoceso 143 A 3 AC Line Power Supply Requirements 144 Line Power Cable cccccccessccsssseessssceeesneecseseeesseeeensseeeeneas 144 Replacing the Battery oo eee essione kersssessi nearest irin 146 Replacing the Fuse oo
101. elength setting Measurement with laser source or LED and optical power meter Attenuation range The range of displayed attenuations Excess loss The difference between actual loss at an arbitrary attenuation setting and rightarrow insertion loss at 0 dB setting Insertion loss The change of power levels after inserting the attenuator between two connectorized patchcords with the attenuation set to 0 dB Conditions Arbitrary wavelength setting temperature within operating temperature range jumper cables with high quality connectors Measurement with laser source or LED and optical power Polarization dependent loss The dependence of the attenuation on the input polarization state expressed as the difference between the highest and the lowest displayed attenuation in dB Conditions Fabry Perot type laser source with variable polarization state and polarization independent power generation of all polarization states covering the entire Poincar sphere jumper cables with high quality connectors 165 Specifications Definition of Terms Measurement either with a fiber loop type polarization controller using the polarization scanning method or with a wavelength type polarization controller using the Mueller method Polarization mode dispersion The change of transit time caused by changing the input polarization state expressed in fs 10 seconds Conditions Generation of all polarization states
102. ent 8156A HP 8153A Polarization Controller Optical Attenuator Connector ojo Interface N2 AA Agilent 81 Input Outpu o o ile 81533B Isolator Connector Interface Agilent 81000FI HP 81521B Agilent81000DF Agilent 8100054 Agilent 81113PC PDL Test Setup 1 with options 201 221 angled connectors Laser Source HP 8169A 021 Agilent 8156A HP 8153A Polarization Controller Optical Attenuator Connector O o Interface A AA Agilent 31 9 Input Output o o q Ile 81533B Isolator Connector Interface Agilent 81000AI D HP 81521B Agilent 81000DF Agilent 81000AA Agilent 81101AC PDL Test Setup 1 with options 100 101 121 straight connectors 2 Using the setup of Figure D 13 Use a tape to fix the patchcords on the table 192 CAUTION Performance Tests V Polarization Dependent Loss PDL Optional The patchcord from the source to the polarization controller with the isolator must not move during and between all measurements The patchcords between the polarization controller and the optical head must not move from the beginning of the reference measurements until these are finished 3 Zero the 8153A a Ensure that the laser source is switched off b Press MENU to change the Measure Mode c Press ZERO and wait while zeroing 4 Set up the laser source a Set the laser source to 1550 nm nominal switch the laser on and allow 5 minutes for
103. er with this tissue 4 Make your cleave and immediately insert the fiber into your bare fiber adapter in order to protect the surface from dirt How to clean large area lenses and mirrors Some mirrors as those from a monochromator are very soft and sensitive Therefore never touch them and do not use cleaning tools such as compressed air or polymer film Some lenses have special coatings that are sensitive to solvents grease liquid and mechanical abrasion Take extra care when cleaning lenses with these coatings Lens assemblies consisting of several lenses are not normally sealed Therefore use as little liquid as possible as it can get between the lenses and in doing so can change the properties of projection Preferred Procedure Use the following procedure on most occasions 269 CAUTION Cleaning Information Additional Cleaning Information 1 Blow away any dust or dirt with compressed air Procedure for Stubborn Dirt Use this procedure particularly when there is greasy dirt on the lens Only use water if you are sure that your device does not corrode Do not use hot water as this can lead to mechanical stress which can damage your device Make sure that your liquid soap has no abrasive properties or perfume in it because they can scratch and damage your device Do not use normal washing up liquid as sometimes an iridescent film remains 1 Moisten the lens or the mirror with water 2 Puta
104. ernational Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers IEEE Standard 488 2 1987 IEEE Standard Codes Formats Protocols and Common Commands For Use with ANSIIEEE Std 488 1 1987 New York NY 1987 To obtain a copy of either of these last two documents write to The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc 345 East 47th Street New York NY 10017 USA In addition the commands not from the IEEE 488 2 standard are defined according to the Standard Commands for Programmable Instruments SCPI For an introduction to SCPI and SCPI programming techniques refer to the following documents e Hewlett Packard Press Addison Wesley Publishing Company Inc A Beginners Guide to SCPI Barry Eppler 1991 81 Table 7 1 Programming the Attenuator GPIB Interface e The SCPI Consortium Standard Commands for Programmable Instruments Published periodically by various publishers To obtain a copy of this manual contact your Agilent Technologies representative The attenuator interfaces to the GPIB as defined by the IEEE Standards 488 1 and 488 2 The table shows the interface functional subset that the attenuator implements GPIB Capabilities Mnemonic Function SH1 Complete source handshake capability AHI Complete acceptor handshake capability T6 Basic talker serial poll unaddressed to talk if addressed to listen L4 Basic listener unaddressed to listen if addressed to talk no listen only
105. eseeeceseeeeceeeeeeseeeeeeesaes 29 1 2 Making an Attenuation Sweep scccscccssssceseees 30 Making an Automatic Sweep oo cect eeseeteceeeeteeeeees 30 1 3 The Manual Sweep ccsscssssssssssccsssscssssccsssssssoees 31 1 4 Using your Attenuator as a Variable Back Reflector 32 1 5 Using the Through Power Mode csccesseeee 33 1 6 Selecting the Wavelength Calibration and Its Function 33 2 Using the Attenuator 2 1 Setting Up the Hardware ssesssecssocesoocssoessocesoceeo 37 2 2 Setting Up the Attenuation ccccsssccssseccssseees 38 Entering the Attenuation Factor 0 eee eeeeeeeeeeeees 38 Entering a Calibration Factor oo eee eee eeseeseceeeeeeeeeeees 39 Entering the Wavelength oe csecseeseceeeeneeeeeees 40 2 3 Example Setting the Calibration ccsseees 42 3 Making an Attenuation Sweep 3 1 Configuring the Hardware ccccsssscessscssssscees 47 11 Table of Contents 3 2 The Automatic Sweep ccssscccsssscsssccsssssesecsees 48 Setting Up an Automatic Sweep oo ee eeeseeeeceeeeeeee 48 Executing the Automatic Sweep ou ieee ee ceeceeeeeeeeeees 50 3 3 The Manual Sweep scsssssscssssssssssssssssssessessessseees 51 Setting Up a Manual Sweep ou eee cece ceneeeeceeeeeeees 31 Executing the Manual Sweep oo eee eeceeeseceeeeeeeeeeenes 53 3 4 Example an Automatic Attenuation Sweep 54 4 Using your Attenuator as a Variable Back Re fle
106. ess e Output queue 99 Remote Commands The Common Commands e Service request enable register SRE e Standard event status enable register ESE The commands and parameters of the reset state are listed in the following table Table 8 6 Reset State Default Setting Parameter Reset Value Attenuation Factor OdB Calibration Factor OdB Wavelength 1310nm Sweep Manual Start 0 00dB Stop 0 00dB Step 0 00dB Dwell 0 2s Back Refl Ins Loss 2 00dB RL Ref 14 70dB RL Input 60 00dB A Cal Off User Cal Off Through Power Mode Off Display Brightness Full Power On Setting Last Shutter enable under GPIB Normal Shutter at Power ON Disabled Resolution 1 100 Example OUTPUT 728 RST SAV Syntax SAV lt wsp gt lt location gt 1 lt location lt 9 100 Remote Commands The Common Commands Definition The instrument setting is stored in RAM You can store settings in locations 1 9 The scope of the saved setting is identical with the scope of the standard setting described in RST on page 99 Example OUTPUT 728 SAV 3 SRE Syntax SRE lt wsp gt lt value gt 0 lt value lt 255 Definition The service request enable command sets bits in the service request enable register that enable the corresponding status byte register bits The register is cleared e At power on e By sending a value of zero The register is not changed by the RST and CLS commands Table 8 7 The Service Request Enable Register
107. ets in the power meter 5 Press PARAM to select the T parameter Set the averaging time to Is 185 Performance Tests Performance Test 6 Press PARAM to select the lambda parameter Edit this parameter and set it to the current wavelength of the source 7 Enable the source 8 Press PARAM to select the CAL REF parameter the current value for the known return loss is displayed with R at the side of the character field 9 Attach the Agilent 81000BR Reference Reflector to the patchcord Use the Agilent 81000UM with a connector interface to do this 10 Set the reflection reference R to 0 18dB the default value of the return loss of the reference reflector 11 Press DISP gt REF the value read should now be 0 18dB the same as the value entered for R NOTE If this is the first time that you have transferred this value to the reference after switch on it might not be displayed properly In this case repeat the step to correct the display 12 Press PARAM to select the REF AUX parameter 13 Terminate the cable by wrapping the fiber five times around the shaft of a screwdriver 14 Press DISP gt REF the instrument sets the termination parameter 15 Disable the DUT NOTE If you have the monitor option option 121 make sure that the cable at the monitor output is terminated 16 Connect the 81109AC patchcord to the 8156A input and note the Return Loss result in the Test Record
108. g OFF or 0 to set the attenuation of the filter by specifying the attenuation and calibration factors Switch the mode on using ON or 1 to set the attenuation of the filter by specifying the through power gt OUTPut APMode Syntax OUTPut APMode Description The query returns whether the attenuation of the filter is set by the attenuation and calibration factors or by the through power O indicates the instrument sets the attenuation of the filter from the attenuation and calibration factors 1 indicates that the instrument sets the attenuation of the filter from the through power 111 Remote Commands OUTPut Commands Example OUTPUT 728 INP ATT ENTER 728 Att OUTPUT 728 INP OFFS ENTER 728 Cal Newcal Basepow Att Cal OUTPUT 728 INP OFFS Newcal OUTPU 728 OUTP APM ON OUTPUT 728 OUTP APM ENTER 728 AS OUTPut POWer Syntax OUTPut POWer lt wsp gt lt value gt DBM IMINIDEFIMAX Description This command sets the through power for the instrument The through power is used to set the attenuation of the filter Altije dB ThroughPower gase dBm ThroughPower dBm Attjer Base 4B You set the through power by sending a value default units are dBm or by sending MIN DEF or MAX which specify the minimum default and maximum values for the through power The maximum value and the default value are t
109. gilent 8156A Option 201 Performance Tests V Polarization Dependent Loss PDL Optional Page 8 of 8 Model Agilent 8156A Attenuator Option 201 No Date Test Test Description Minimum Maximum Measurement No performed at nm Spec Result Spec Uncertainty Ill Att Repeatability Test 0 01dB Attenuation Setting 1dB Disp Ref 0 01dB 0 01dB 5dB Disp Ref 0 01dB 0 01dB 12dB Disp Ref 0 01dB 0 01dB 24dB Disp Ref 0 01dB 0 01dB 36dB Disp Ref 0 01dB 0 01dB 48dB Disp Ref 0 01dB 0 01dB 53dB Disp Ref 0 01dB 0 01dB IV Return Loss Test Input 55dB 0 60dB typ gt 60dB Output 55dB 0 60dB 229 Performance Tests V Polarization Dependent Loss PDL Optional Performance Test for the Agilent 8156A Option 221 Page 2 of 8 Model __ Module Report No Date Test Equipment Used Description Model No Trace No Cal Due Date 1 Power Meter 8153A 2al CW Laser Sources 1310nm 81552SM 2a2 CW Laser Sources 1550nm 81553SM 2b CW Laser Sources 1310 1550nm 81554SM 3 Opt Sensor Module 81532A 4 Return Loss Module 81534A 5 Back Reflector Kit 8156A 203 6 DIN Through Adapter 1005 0255 7 1 Connector Interface Sea 81000SI 7 2 Connector Interface 81000FI 7 3 Connector Interface 81000AI 8 1 Single Mode Fiber 81113PC 8 2 Single Mode Fiber 2ea 81102SC 9 10 11
110. han three connectors one on top of the other Hand tighten the connector lock screws Do not use a screwdriver 151 Installation Claims and Repackaging GPIB Logic Levels The attenuator GPIB lines use standard TTL logic as follows e True Low digital ground or OVdc to 0 4Vdc e False High open or 2 5Vdc to 5Vdc All GPIB lines have LOW assertion states High states are held at 3 0Vdc by pull ups within the instrument When a line functions as an input it requires approximately 3 2mA to pull it low through a closure to digital ground When a line functions as an output it can sink up to 48mA in the low state and approximately 0 6mA in the high state NOTE The GPIB line screens are not isolated from ground A 9 Claims and Repackaging If physical damage is evident or if the instrument does not meet specification when received notify the carrier and the nearest Agilent Technologies Service Office The Sales Service Office will arrange for repair or replacement of the unit without waiting for settlement of the claim against the carrier Return Shipments to Agilent Technologies If the instrument is to be shipped to an Agilent Technologies Service Office attach a tag showing owner return address model number and full serial number and the type of service required The original shipping carton and packing material may be reusable but the Agilent Technologies Service Office will provide information
111. hassis terminal Protective earth ground terminal Hazardous laser radiation A Al A About This Manual The Structure of this Manual This manual is divided into 4 parts e Chapter 1 tells you how to set up your Attenuator e Chapters 2 to 6 shows you what you can do with your Attenuator e Chapters 7 to 9 show you how you can remotely program your Attenuator using GPIB commands e The appendices contain additional information not required for routine day to day use Service and Support Any adjustment maintenance or repair of this product must be performed by qualified personnel Contact your customer engineer through your local Agilent Technologies Service Center You can find a list of local service representatives on the Web at http www agilent tech com services English index html If you do not have access to the Internet one of these centers can direct you to your nearest representative United States Test and Measurement Call Center 800 452 4844 Toll free in US Canada 905 206 4725 Europe 31 20 547 9900 Japan Measurement Assistance Center 81 426 56 7832 81 426 56 7840 FAX Latin America 305 267 4245 305 267 4288 FAX Australia New 1 800 629 485 Australia ealan 0800 738 378 New Zealand Asia Pacific 852 2599 7777 852 2506 9285 FAX Table of Contents 1 Getting Started 1 1 Using the Attenuator 0 ccscccssscccssscscssscccssssesees 29 Using the Modify Keys oo eee c
112. he Through Power Mode In the through power mode the instrument shows the power that gets through the attenuator on the display that is the power at the output rather than the attenuation When you select the through power mode the attenuation factor in dB becomes the value for the through power in dBm That is if the attenuation factor is at 32 000dB and you switch the absolute power mode on then the base value for the through power is 32 000dBm Measure the power at the output of the attenuator and then use the calibration factor see Entering a Calibration Factor on page 39 to set the attenuation factor to the required value for use as the base value for the through power Calney ThrouhgPower pase Att Cal Current After setting the calibration factor 1 Press SYST repeatedly until THRUPOWR is shown at the bottom of the display 2 Select ON to switch on the through power mode The through power factor is shown at the upper left on the display and you can edit it by pressing ATT and using the Modify keys see Using the Modify Keys on page 29 The Display in Through Power Mode NI N AA A MA e Sinn Lbs bs L Fams y Ay x fo l Za 70 Setting Up the System Setting the Display Brightness Deselecting the Through Power Mode When you switch the through power mode off the last set calibration factor becomes active and the attenuation factor is set so that the filter at
113. he surface of your optical device Soft tissues These are available from most stores and distributors of medical and hygiene products such as supermarkets or chemists shops We recommend that you do not use normal cotton tissues but multi layered soft tissues made from non recycled cellulose Cellulose tissues are very absorbent and softer Consequently they will not scratch the surface of your device over time Use care when cleaning and avoid pressing on your optical device with the tissue Pressing too hard may lead to scratches on the surface or misalignment of your device Just rub gently over the surface using a small circular movement Use only clean fresh soft tissues and never apply them twice Any dust and dirt from the air which collects on your tissue or which has gathered after initial cleaning may scratch and pollute your optical device Pipe cleaner Pipe cleaners can be purchased from tobacconists and come in various shapes and sizes The most suitable one to select for 252 Cleaning Information What do I need for proper cleaning cleaning purposes has soft bristles which will not produces scratches There are many different kinds of pipe cleaner available from tobacco shops The best way to use a pipe cleaner is to push it in and out of the device opening for example when cleaning an interface While you are cleaning you should slowly rotate the pipe cleaner Only use pipe cleaners on conn
114. hipment 142 Installation Safety Considerations A 1 Safety Considerations The attenuator is a Class 1 instrument that is an instrument with an exposed metal chassis directly connected to earth via the power supply cable The symbol used to show a protective earth terminal in the instrument is 2 Before operation review the instrument and manual for safety markings and instructions You must follow these to ensure safe operation and to maintain the instrument in safe condition A 2 Initial Inspection Inspect the shipping container for damage If there is damage to the container or cushioning keep them until you have checked the contents of the shipment for completeness and verified the instrument both mechanically and electrically The Function Test gives a procedure for checking the operation of the instrument If the contents are incomplete mechanical damage or defect is apparent or if an instrument does not pass the operator s checks notify the nearest Agilent Technologies office WARNING To avoid hazardous electrical shock do not perform electrical tests when there are signs of shipping damage to any portion of the outer enclosure covers panels etc 143 Installation AC Line Power Supply Requirements A 3 AC Line Power Supply Requirements The Agilent Technologies 8156A can operate from any single phase AC power source that supplies between 100V and 240V at a frequency in the range
115. his selects how the shutter enabling and disabling key operates while the instrument is being operated over the GPIB 1 Press SYST repeatedly until SHUTTER is shown at the bottom of the display 2 Use Modify keys to select the setting NORMAL means that the shutter can be enabled and disabled as usual with ENB DIS 72 Setting Up the System Selecting the Shutter State at Power On LOCKOUT means that the shutter cannot be enabled or disabled Local Lock Out while the instrument is being operated over the GPIB Resetting the Ens Dis Lock Out To reset SHUTTER press and hold SysT until the value resets this takes approximately two seconds SHUTTER resets to NORMAL 5 7 Selecting the Shutter State at Power On This selects whether the shutter is open or closed at power on 1 Press SYST repeatedly until SHUTTER PON is shown at the bottom of the display 2 Use Modify keys to select the setting DIS means that the shutter is disabled at power on LAST means that the shutter is the set to the state that was in use when the instrument was switched off Resetting the Shutter State at Power On To reset SHUTTER PON press and hold Syst until the value resets this takes approximately two seconds SHUTTER PON resets to LAST 73 Setting Up the System Setting the Display Resolution 5 8 Setting the Display Resolution This parameter sets the resolution of the attenuation factor and
116. hose values for which Attenuationfiiter OdB The minimum value is that value for which Attenuation firer 18 at its greatest For example if you have set INP ATT 10 and INP OFFS 2 and then switched UTP APM ON then the through power is set to 12dBm The maximum through power and the default through power in this case is 22dBm The minimum through power in this case is 38dBm 112 Remote Commands OUTPut Commands OUTPut POWer Syntax Description OUTPut POWer lt wsp gt MINIDEFIMAX The query returns the current through power in dBm ThroughPower dBm ThroughPowerpa dBm Att ilter BaseldB Atte dB By sending MIN DEF or MAX with the query the minimum default or maximum value possible for the through power is returned Example OUTPUT 728 OUTP POW 32 15 OUTPUT 728 OUTP POW ENTER 728 A OUTPut STATe Syntax OUTPut STATe lt wsp gt OFFIONIOI1 Description This command sets the state of the output shutter that is whether it is open or closed OFF or 0 closes the shutter and no power gets through ON or 1 opens the shutter and power gets through gt OUTPut STATe Syntax OUTPut STATe Description The query returns whether the output shutter is open or closed O indicates the shutter is closed no power is getting through 1 indicates that the shutter is open power is getting through Example OUTPUT 728 OUTP ON OUTPUT 728
117. iG EE 110 Input queue 83 98 Clearing 84 INS LOSS 60 Default 61 Resetting 61 Insertion loss 165 Measuring 43 Inspection Initial cccceeeescetexs 143 Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc Address 6 81 Interface Adapter 158 160 L LAMBDCAL 34 OB ierte 107 Default 68 Resetting 68 LAST oae eani 72 73 LCMode 000 107 LCMode 06085 107 286 Local resinae 83 LOCKOUT 72 Long form 4 85 M Maintenance 143 MANUAL 52 Manufacturer 97 MAV eais nataas 84 OSa ARa 101 102 Message available 84 Message exchange 83 Reception 83 Message terminator Input sssr 84 85 Output 00 84 Messages Long form 85 Short form 85 Model number 97 Modify keys 29 Monitor Output Coupling ratio 37 47 MSS eeni 95 Multiple commands in one message 85 N Node STATus 114 NORMAL 00 4 12 Notices ssssssss isis 2 NTRansition 118 120 NTRansition register 115 122 Index NTRansition 118 121 O ORES eb eiaei 107 108 OFFSet oseese 108 OPERation 116 IIan 118 119 Operation 04 143 Operation Complete 98 Operation status
118. iable to impair 256 Cleaning Information Cleaning Instrument Housings and dirty the surface of the device In addition the characteristics of your device can be changed and your measurement results affected E 5 Cleaning Instrument Housings Use a dry and very soft cotton tissue to clean the instrument housing and the keypad Do not open the instruments as there is a danger of electric shock or electrostatic discharge Opening the instrument can cause damage to sensitive components and in addition your warranty will be voided E 6 Which Cleaning Procedure should I use Light dirt If you just want to clean away light dirt observe the following procedure for all devices e Use compressed air to blow away large particles e Clean the device with a dry cotton swab e Use compressed air to blow away any remaining filament left by the swab Heavy dirt If the above procedure is not enough to clean your instrument follow one of the procedures below Please consult XXXX for the procedure relevant for this instrument If you are unsure of how sensitive your device is to cleaning please contact the manufacturer or your sales distributor 257 Cleaning Information How to clean connectors E 7 How to clean connectors Cleaning connectors is difficult as the core diameter of a single mode fiber is only about 9 um This generally means you cannot see streaks or scratches on the surface To be certain of the
119. ible for the wavelength is returned Example OUTPUT 728 INP WAV 1550nm OUTPUT 728 INP WAV ENTER 728 AS 8 6 OUTPut Commands OUTPut APMode Syntax OUTPut APMode lt wsp gt OF FIONIOI1 Description This command sets the whether you set the attenuation factor or the through power to alter the attenuation of the filter When you are switching the absolute power mode ON the attenuation factor in dB becomes the base value for the through power in dBm at the time at which this command is processed That is if the attenuation factor is set to 32 000dB and the absolute power mode is Switched on then the base value for the through power is set to 32 000dBm Use the 110 Remote Commands OUTPut Commands calibration factor see to set the attenuation factor to the required value for use as the base value for the through power Calyew Through Powerpase Att Cal Current When you switch the absolute power mode OFF the last set calibration factor becomes active and the attenuation factor is set so that the filter attenuation does not change That is Att dB Attenuation gjze dB Cal dB NOTE Using any of the INPut ATTenuation commands or queries or any of the INPut OFFSet commands or queries switches the absolute power mode off automatically See OUTPut POWer on page 112 for information on setting the through power Switch the mode off usin
120. ibration Under normal circumstances you should leave the instruments to warmup The multimeter needs around 20 minutes to warmup The attenuator needs around 45 minutes with the shutter open to warmup Warming up is necessary for accuracy of the sensor and the output power of the source d Connect a patchcord from the source to the input of the sensor 2 Measure the insertion loss of the Hardware setup a On the multimeter i Set the wavelength for the sensor to that of the source ii Activate the source by pressing the gray button on its front panel iii Start the loss application press MODE and then Loss and EXEC b Reconfigure the hardware to include the attenuator i Disconnect the source from the sensor and connect it to the input of the attenuator Hardware Configuration for Attenuation Example B ii Connect a patchcord from the output of the attenuator to the sensor 43 Using the Attenuator Example Setting the Calibration g Set the wavelength on the attenuator to that of the source i Press ii Use the modify keys to edit the value for the wavelength Reset the calibration factor by pressing and holding CAL for two seconds Reset the attenuation factor by pressing and holding ATT for two seconds Enable the output of the attenuator press ENB DIS so that the LED lights Note the value for the loss read by the multimeter 3 Enter the
121. ilent 8156A Attenuator Option 121 No Date Test Test Description Minimum Maximum Measurement No performed at nm Spec Result Spec Uncertainty I Total Insertion Loss Test dB 0 60dB typ lt 3 3dB measured at nm with SM fiber 4 2 dB H Linearity Att Acc 0 05dB Attenuation Setting 0dB REF 1dB 0 9dB 1 1dB 2dB 1 9dB 2 1dB 3dB 2 9dB 3 1dB 4dB 3 9dB 4 1dB 5dB 4 9dB 5 1dB 6dB 5 9dB 6 1dB 7dB 6 9dB 7 1dB 8dB 7 9dB 8 1dB 9dB 8 9dB 9 1dB 10dB 9 9dB 10 1dB 220 Performance Test for the Agilent 8156A Option 121 Performance Tests V Polarization Dependent Loss PDL Optional Page 7 of 8 Model Agilent 8156A Attenuator Option 121 No Date Test Test Description Minimum Maximum Measurement No performed at nm Spec Result Spec Uncertainty I Linearity Att Acc cont 0 05dB Attenuation Setting 11dB 10 9dB 11 1dB 12dB 11 9dB 12 1dB 13dB 12 9dB 13 1dB 14dB 13 9dB 14 1dB 24dB 23 9dB 24 1dB 34dB 33 9dB 34 1dB 44dB 43 9dB 44 1dB 54dB 53 9dB 54 1dB 60dB 59 9dB 60 1dB 221 Performance Test for the Agilent 8156A Option 121 Performance Tests V Polarization Dependent Loss PDL Optional Page 8 of 8 Model Agilent 8156A Attenuator Option 121 No Date Test Test Description Minimum Maximum Measurement No performed at nm Spec Result Spec Uncertainty Ill Att Repeatability Test 0 01dB Attenuation Setting 1dB Disp Ref 0 01dB 0 01dB 5dB
122. ing the Manual Sweep If you have just set up your sweep then you only need to press EXEC to run the application If you have already set up the sweep and are currently operating the instrument as an attenuator 1 Press SWP and then 2 Press EXEC Figure 3 6 Running the Manual Sweep lt gt l o0 o g go000 goood A000 go oo oOo g g og o o a o og o jst o o000 OO OO 0o00 ooo_6 p 9000 Gooo Oooo o 00 oo oo boo o o0000 o g nooo 00 00 om0 1 000 ooo o al o o ooo 0 inn 0 0 00000 00000 0 If there is something wrong with a parameter if STEP is zero for example this parameter is shown on the display for editing Edit the parameter and press EXEC again 53 Making an Attenuation Sweep Example an Automatic Attenuation Sweep Changing the Attenuation in a Manual Sweep To go to the next attenuation factor in the sweep press Tor To go to the previous attenuation factor in the sweep press lore 3 4 Example an Automatic Attenuation Sweep This example uses the Agilent 8156A Attenuator on its own We set up the instrument to sweep from 5dB to OdB with an interval of 0 5dB dwelling for a second at each attenuation factor 1 First we want to reset the instrument NOTE If someone else is using this instrument please check with them before resetting or store their setting for later recall a Press RECALL b Press EXEC 2 Start the automatic sweep application a Press Swe b If
123. ing the Wavelength Calibration and Its Function Selecting the Wavelength Calibration Data You enter the user wavelength calibration data over the GPIB see User Calibration Commands on page 123 Using your own wavelength calibration data you can use the attenuator to compensate for the total wavelength dependence of your hardware configuration If you are using the instrument in an environment where the temperature changes you should not use the user wavelength calibration data as it lacks correction for temperature changes Figure 5 2 U oo0000 To select the wavelength calibration data to use 1 Press SYST repeatedly until USERCAL is shown at the bottom of the display 2 Select the wavelength calibration data using the Modify keys OFF means that the instrument uses the factory made wavelength calibration data ON means that the user wavelength calibration data is used While it is ON USERCAL is shown at the bottom left of the display U L CAL is shown if the LAMBDCAL is also on The USERCAL Indicator on the Display o0 oo ooooo ia ogo00 og200 oo000 o0000 og imj oo ooo oo 0 o o Io a oo o0 Resetting the Wavelength Calibration Data Set To reset USERCAL press and hold SYsT until the value resets this takes approximately two seconds USERCAL resets to OFF 69 Figure 5 3 Setting Up the System Selecting the Through Power Mode 5 3 Selecting t
124. inite response and was already executed Instrument Specific Errors These are errors with positive error numbers and are specific to this instrument 201 The user calibration is currently on and calibration data cannot be changed Switch the user calibration state to off see and try again 202 There is no user wavelength calibration data or the data is invalid 203 Entering the data points cannot be stopped because it has not been started 204 There no more data points to be read 283 Error Messages GPIB Messages 284 Symbols FOLS iiau 95 DOs ipsias 101 FESE caitecttet ame osi 95 SESE cotiiveresssectest 96 FESR oirrsa iaa 96 IDN e naereieiiee 97 OPO noima 95 98 KOPO oinnia 95 98 OPTY eoet cases os 98 PRCT alore 99 IRSE cites e inetga 96 PS EERE 101 ISAN ccc ci etsudecnnctens 100 SRE ecatiiazequeitecuates 101 PERE ccvesgtuentviaatas 102 PSTB cutessteccssschacs 102 a A KA E T 103 AWAR valaan 104 T ataie AES Nainis 113 LAT otis ete 120 A AC power cable 144 AC power requirements 144 ADDRESS 67 ANSI MC 1 1 81 APMode 00 110 APMode 06 111 APOWeron 114 APOWeron 114 ATTenuation 106 Attenuation Calculation 29 38 Hardware setup 37 43 Attenuation accuracy 165 Index Attenuation factor 29 S e ee 39 106 Default 39 106 Maximu
125. ioned the attenuator filter due to a change in temperature OUTPUT 728 STAT OPER ENTER 728 AS STATus OPERation NTRansition Syntax Description STATus OPERation NTRansition lt wsp gt lt value gt This command sets the bits in the NTRansition register Setting a bit in this register enables a negative transition 1 0 in the corresponding bit in the CONDition register to set the bit in the EVENt register STATus OPERation NTRansition Syntax Description Example STATus OPERation NTRansition This query returns the current contents of the OPERation NTRansition register OUTPUT 728 STAT OPER NTR 138 OUTPUT 728 STAT OPER NTR ENTER 728 AS STATus OPERation PT Ransition Syntax STATus OPERation PTRansition lt wsp gt lt value gt 118 Remote Commands STATus Commands Description This command sets the bits in the PTRansition register Setting a bit in this register enables a positive transition 0 1 in the corresponding bit in the CONDition register to set the bit in the EVENt register STATus OPERation PTRansition Syntax STATus OPERation PTRansition Description This query returns the current contents of the OPERation PTRansition register Example OUTPUT 728 STAT OPER PTR 138 OUTPUT 728 STAT OPER PTR ENTER 728 AS STATus QUEStionable CONDition Syntax STATus QUEStionable CON
126. ions If more than 29 errors are put into the queue the message 350 lt Queue Overflow gt is placed as the last message in the queue 7 5 Some Notes about Programming and Syntax Diagram Conventions A program message is a message containing commands or queries that you send to the attenuator The following are a few points about program messages e You can use either upper case or lower case characters e You can send several commands in a single message Each command must be separated from the next one by a semicolon G e You end a program message with a line feed LF character or any character sent with End Or Identify EOI e You can use any valid number unit combination Example 1500nm 1 5um and 1 5e 6m are all equivalent If you do not specify a unit then the default unit is assumed The default unit for the commands are given with command description in the next chapter Short Form and Long Form The instrument accepts messages in short or long forms For example the message INPUT WAVELENGTH 1313 is in long form the short form of this message is INP WAV 1313 In this manual the messages are written in a combination of upper and lower case Upper case characters are used for the short form of the message For example the above command would be written INPut WAVelength 85 Programming the Attenuator Some Notes about Programming and Syntax Diagram Conventions The first colon ca
127. isters These registers conform to the JEEE Standard 488 2 1987 You can find further descriptions of these registers under ESE on page 95 FESR on page 96 SRE on page 101 and STB on page 102 93 Remote Commands The Common Commands The following figure shows how the registers are organized Figure 8 1 Common Status Registers Broa lat Va act Service Request Ene Status 3 Questionable Status Event Status Register Event Status Enable Register The questionable and operation status trees are described in STATus Commands on page 114 NOTE Unused bits in any of the registers return 0 when you read them SRQ The Service Request A service request SRQ occurs when a bit in the Status Byte register goes from 0 gt 1 AND the corresponding bit in the Service Request Enable Mask is set The Request Service RQS bit is set to 1 at the same time that the SRQ is caused This bit can only be reset by reading it by a serial 94 Remote Commands The Common Commands poll The RQS bit is not affected by the condition that caused the SRQ The serial poll command transfers the value of the Status Byte register to a variable CLS Syntax CLS Definition The CLS command clears the following Error queue Standard event status register ESR Status byte register STB After the CLS command the instrument
128. itted light beam you can use an infrared sensor card Hold the card approximately 5 cm from the 264 Cleaning Information How to clean instruments with a recessed lens interface interface The invisible emitted light is project onto the card and becomes visible as a small circular spot Preferred Procedure Use the following procedure on most occasions 1 Clean the interface by rubbing a new dry cotton swab over the surface using a small circular movement 2 Blow away any remaining lint with compressed air Procedure for Stubborn Dirt Use this procedure particularly when there is greasy dirt on the interface 1 Moisten a new cotton swab with isopropyl alcohol 2 Clean the interface by rubbing the cotton swab over the surface using a small circular movement 3 Take a new dry soft tissue and remove the alcohol dissolved sediment and dust by rubbing gently over the surface using a small circular movement 4 Blow away any remaining lint with compressed air WARNING E 15 How to clean instruments with a recessed lens interface For instruments with a deeply recessed lens interface for example the Agilent Technologies 81633A and 81634A Power Sensors do NOT follow ths procedure Alcohol and compressed air could damage your lens even further 265 Cleaning Information How to clean instruments with a recessed lens interface Keep your dust and shutter caps on when your instrument is not in us
129. iun 33 70 Wavelength calibration data i DAs aipa 67 107 U Invalid ooesensseseee 119 120 WAL ACAL onini 68 69 User ring 123 UCALibration 124 Wavelength range 166 12D neice esses 126 WAVelength 110 127 Units Mnemonics 89 Programming 85 89 USERCAL 4 34 69 Default 69 Factory seeeeee 34 67 Resetting 69 289
130. k Up for non volatile memory With the instrument switched off all current modes and data will be maintained for at least 10 years after delivery when stored at room temperature Dimensions 89mm H 21s2 35mm W 345mm D 3 5 x8 36 13 6 Weight net 5 3kg 11 8lbs shipping 9 6kg 21 2Ibs C 3 Other Specifications Acoustic Noise Emission Gerduschemissionswerte For ambient temperature up to 30 C Bei einer Umgebungstemperatur bis 30 C Lp 41 dB A L 41 dB A Ly 4 3 Bel Ly 4 3 Bel Typical operator position am Arbeitsplatz normal operation normaler Betrieb Data are results from type Die Angabe ist das Ergebnis einer tests per ISO 7779 EN 27779 Typpriifung gem ISO 7779 EN 27779 171 Specifications Declaration of Conformity C 4 Declaration of Conformity Manufacturer Agilent Technologies Deutschland GmbH Optical Communication Measurement Division Herrenberger Str 130 D 71034 B blingen We declare the system Product Name Optical Attenuator Model Numbers 8156A Product Options All conforms to the following standards Safety IEC 1010 1 A1 1992 EN 61010 1993 EMC EN 55011 1990 CINSPR 11 Group 1 Class B EN 50082 1 1992 IEC 801 2 1991 ESD 4 KV cd 8 kV ad IEC 801 3 1991 Radiated Immunity 3 V m IEC 801 4 1988 Fast Transients 0 5 kV 1 kV Supplementary Information The product also conforms to other standards not listed here If further information on c
131. le uses the Ahilent Technologies 8156A Attenuator with options 201 and 203 Assuming an insertion loss of 2 00dB and a return loss of 60 000dB for the instrument we set up the instrument to have a return loss of 20dB 62 Using your Attenuator as a Variable Back Reflector Example Setting a Return Loss 1 Configure the hardware as shown in the figure below Figure 4 4 Hardware Configuration for Variable Return Loss Agilent 81000SI alelelelelelele ef Agilent 81000UM and 81000FI 00000000 X a Agilent 81118PC lt Agilent 81L000BR a Connect the instrument to the electric supply b Switch on the instrument 2 Reset the instrument NOTE If someone else is using this instrument please check with them before resetting or store their setting for later recall a Press RECALL b Press EXEC 3 Set the return loss reference value for the Agilent 81000BR reference reflector a Press BACK REFL twice to select the RL REF parameter b Edit the value with the Modify keys to set it to 0 180dB 4 Press EXEC to start the application 5 Edit the return loss value with the Modify keys to set it to 20 000dB 63 Using your Attenuator as a Variable Back Reflector Example Setting a Return Loss Setting Up the System Setting Up the System This chapter describes how to set the various system parameters for your attenuator 6
132. lent Model No Biconic 81000WI D4 81000GI Diamond HMS 10 HP 81000AI DIN 47256 81000SI FC PC 8 1000FI SC 81000KI ST 81000VI Accessories Connector Interfaces and Other Accessories Option 201 Angled Contact Connector If you want to use angled contact connectors such as FC APC Diamond HRL 10 DIN or SC APC to connect to the instrument you must 1 attach your connector interface see the list of connector interfaces below to the interface adapter 2 then connect your cable Figure B 2 Angled Contact Connector Configuration Agilent 8156A with Option 201 oo0o0o000o0 oo0000000 Output Angled Contact Connectors OY O OL as Z 2 aS 20 AO i oOo Yo 52 AT Cot eS o o o 2 JE z 2 F2 2 5 L Gat 5 E A 160 Accessories Connector Interfaces and Other Accessories Table B 3 Connector Interface Description AgilentModel No Diamond HRL 10 DIN 81000SI FC APC 8 1000FI SC APC 81000KI 161 Accessories Connector Interfaces and Other Accessories 162 Specifications Specifications 164 Specifications Definition of Terms C 1 Definition of Terms Attenuation accuracy The difference between the displayed loss and excess loss Conditions Attenuation adjustment prior to measurement That is adjustment of the measured attenuation at the highest setting so that it equals the attenuation setting for example by adjusting the wav
133. logies Sales Service Office for repair D 4 Instrument Specification Specifications are the performance characteristics of the instrument which are certified These specifications listed in Definition of Terms on page 165 are the performance standards or limits against which the Agilent 8156A can be tested The specifications also list some supplemental characteristics of the Agilent 8156A Supplemental characteristics should be considered as additional information Any changes in the specifications due to manufacturing changes design or traceability to the National Institute of Standards and 177 NOTE NOTE Performance Tests Performance Test Technology NIST will be covered in a manual change supplement or revised manual Such specifications supersede any that were previously published D 5 Performance Test The performance test given in this section includes the Total Insertion Loss Test the Attenuation Accuracy Test the Attenuation Repeatability Test and the Return Loss Test Perform each step in the order given using the corresponding test equipment The performance test should be performed once at 1310nm and then repeated at 1550nm If you are testing options 100 101 or 121 you will need to change the isolator when changing wavelength If you are using two separate sources you will need to change them when changing wavelength Make sure that all optical connections of the te
134. lowed mnemonics are given in the table below Table 8 1 Units and Allowed Mnemonics Unit Default Allowed Mnemonics deciBel DB DB deciBel 1mW DBM DBM DBMW meter M PM NM UM MM M Where units are specified with a command only the Default is shown by the full range of mnemonics can be used 8 2 Command Summary Table 8 2 Common Command Summary Parameter Command Response Min Max Function xCES Clear Status Command ESE lt value gt 0 255 Standard Event Status Enable Command ESE lt value gt 0 255 Standard Event Status Enable Query ESR lt value gt 0 255 Standard Event Status Register Query IDN lt string gt Identification Query OPC Operation Complete Command 89 Remote Commands Command Summary Parameter Command Response Min Max Function OPC lt value gt Operation Complete Query OPT lt string gt Options Query RCL lt location gt 0 9 Recall Instrument Setting RST Reset Command SAV lt location gt 1 9 Save Instrument Setting SRE lt value gt 0 255 Service Request Enable Command SRE lt value gt 0 255 Service Request Enable Query STB lt value gt 0 255 Read Status Byte Query TST lt value gt 0 65535 Self Test Query WAI Wait Command Table 8 3 Command List Parameter Command Response Unit Min Max Default DISPlay BRIGhtness lt value gt 0 1 BRIGhtness lt value gt DISPlay ENABle OFFIONIOI1 ENA
135. lt Spec Uncertainty I Total Insertion Loss Test dB 0 60dB typ lt 2 5dB measured at nm with singlemode fiber 3 0 dB Il Linearity Att Acc 0 05dB Attenuation Setting 0dB REF 1dB 0 9dB 1 1dB 2dB 1 9dB 2 1dB 3dB 2 9dB 3 1dB 4dB 3 9dB 4 1dB 5dB 4 9dB 5 1dB 6dB 5 9dB 6 1dB 7dB 6 9dB 7 1dB 8dB 7 9dB 8 1dB 9dB 8 9dB 9 1dB 10dB 9 9dB 10 1dB 224 Performance Test for the Agilent 8156A Option 201 Performance Tests V Polarization Dependent Loss PDL Optional Page 4 of 8 Model Agilent 8156A Attenuator Option 201 No Date Test Test Description Minimum Maximum Measurement No performed at nm Spec Result Spec Uncertainty I Linearity Att Acc cont 0 05dB Attenuation Setting 11dB 10 9dB 11 1dB 12dB 11 9dB 12 1dB 13dB 12 9dB 13 1dB 14dB 13 9dB 14 1dB 24dB 23 9dB 24 1dB 34dB 33 9dB 34 1dB 44dB 43 9dB 44 1dB 54dB 53 9dB 54 1dB 60dB 59 9dB 60 1dB 225 Performance Test for the Agilent 8156A Option 201 Performance Tests V Polarization Dependent Loss PDL Optional Page 5 of 8 Model Agilent 8156A Attenuator Option 201 No Date Test Test Description Minimum Result Maximum Measurement No performed at nm Spec Spec Uncertainty Ill Att Repeatability Test 0 01dB Attenuation Setting 1dB Disp Ref 0 01dB 0 01dB 5dB Disp Ref 0 01dB 0 01dB 12dB Disp Ref 0 01dB 0 01dB 24dB Disp Ref 0 01dB 0 01dB 36dB Disp Ref 0 01dB
136. m 106 Minimum 106 Resetting 39 Attenuation range 165 Attenuation Sweep 116 118 Attenuation sweep 30 47 ATTenuation 106 AUTO notait 49 54 Autotransformer 144 B BACK REFL Hardware setup dO Back Reflector 32 59 Back reflector Calculation 60 Battery Replacing 146 BRIGHT 71 BRIGhtness 104 BRIGhtness 104 C Cable GPIB aiie 157 Calibration Wavelength 33 67 Calibration factor 29 oe EEEE 44 LOTI Eai 108 Default 40 108 Maximum 108 Minimum 108 Resetting 40 Transferring to 29 40 Capital letters when pro gramming 85 Case sensitivity 85 Common commands 93 CONDition register 115 CONDition 116 119 Connector Interface 150 TID annasan 160 Cooling c0e0000ee 148 D 171 DEFAULT 12 T1 DIS csbcdsessescetets s 73 150 DISPlay 0 008 104 VOSA Saieta 108 Display Brightness 104 Brightness Default 104 Display Brightness 71 Brightness Default 71 Brightness Resetting 71 Resolution 74 DWELL Automatic sweep 30 48 49 55 Default 50 285 Resetting 50 E Batth Sactastemsaceaecpaate 144 Editing Non numeric 30 Numeric 30 ENABIle 4 10
137. n be left out for the first command or query in your message That is the example given above could also be sent as INP WAV 1313 Command and Query Syntax All characters not between angled brackets must be sent exactly as shown The characters between angled brackets lt gt indicate the kind of data that you send or that you get in a response You do not type the angled brackets in the actual message Descriptions of these items follow the syntax description The most common of these are string is ascii data A string is contained between a at the start and the end or a at the start and the end value is numeric data in integer 12 decimal 34 5 or exponential format 67 8E 9 wsp is a white space Other kinds of data are described as required The characters between square brackets show optional information that you can include with the message The bar I shows an either or choice of data for example alb means either a or b but not both simultaneously Extra spaces are ignored they can be inserted to improve readability 86 Remote Commands Remote Commands This chapter gives a list of the remote commands for use with the GPIB In the remote command descriptions the parts given in upper case characters must be given The parts in lower case characters can also be given but they are optional 88 Remote Commands Units TE 8 1 Units The units and all the al
138. n data Example OUTPUT 728 STAT QUES 256 OUTPUT 728 STAT QUES ENTER 728 AS STATus QUEStionable NTRansition Syntax STATus QUEStionable NTRansitio n lt wsp gt lt value gt 120 Remote Commands STATus Commands Description This command sets the bits in the NTRansition register Setting a bit in this register enables a negative transition 1 0 in the corresponding bit in the CONDition register to set the bit in the EVENt register STATus QUEStionable NTRansition Syntax STATus QUEStionable NTRansitio n Description This query returns the current contents of the QUES tionable NTRansition register Example OUTPUT 728 STAT QUES NTR 256 OUTPUT 728 STAT QUI ENTER 728 AS STATus QUEStionable PTRansition Syntax ES NTR STATus QUEStionable PTRansitio n lt wsp gt lt value gt Description This command sets the bits in the PTRansition register Setting a bit in this register enables a positive transition 0 1 in the corresponding bit in the CONDition register to set the bit in the EVENt register STATus QUEStionable PTRansition Syntax STATus QUEStionable PTRansitio n Description This query returns the current contents of the QUEStionable PTRansition register Example OUTPUT 728 STAT QUES PTR 256 121 Remote Commands SYSTem Commands OUTPUT 728 STAT QUES PTR ENTER 728 AS
139. nce Test Agilent 8156A V Polarization Dependent Loss Test Page 3 of 6 Model Agilent 8156A Optical Attenuator Date Option No Wavelength 1310nm nominal Actual wavelength nm Polarization Linear Linear Linear Right Hand Horizontal Vertical Diagonal Circular Polarizer Setting deg n a n a n a A 4 Plate Setting deg n a n a n a A 2 Plate Setting deg n a n a n a Corrected wavelength dependent positions A 4 Plate Setting n a deg deg deg A 2 Plate Setting n a deg deg deg Measurement Results of the Reference Power Po UW Po UW Po3 uW Pog uW Measurement Results of the Power after the DUT Pputoi HW Ppuyuroz HW Ppuros UW Ppuroa UW Mueller Coefficients m Pputoi Poi Ppuroz Po2 2 m Ppuro1 Poi Pouto2 Po2 2 m13 Pputo3 Po3 m41 m14 Pputoa Pog m41 243 Performance Tests V Polarization Dependent Loss PDL Optional Performance Test Agilent 8156A V Polarization Dependent Loss Test Page 4 of 6 Minimum and maximum transmission Tyax M Jm m mI Tuin My JMf m m 4 Polarization Dependent Loss Maximum Specification Measurement PDL gp 10log TMax TMin 100 101 201 121 221 Uncertainties dBpp 0 15dBpp 0 08dBpp 0 10dBpp 0 02dBpp 244 Performance Tests V Polarization Dependent Loss PDL Optional Performance Test Agilent 8156A V Polarization Dependent Loss
140. nt Checksum Fail 1 So 16 would mean that the DSP Digital Signal Processor Communications had failed 18 would mean that the DSP Communications had failed and so had the Battery RAM A value of zero indicates no errors No further commands are allowed while the test is running The instrument is returned to the setting that was active at the time the self test query was processed 103 Remote Commands DISPlay Commands The self test does not require operator interaction beyond sending the TST query Example OUTPUT 728 TST ENTER 728 AS WAI Syntax WAI Definition The wait to continue command prevents the instrument from executing any further commands all pending operations are completed Example OUTPUT 728 WAI 8 4 DISPlay Commands DISPlay BRIGhtness Syntax DISPlay BRIGhtness lt wsp gt lt value gt Description This command sets the brightness of the display The brightness is a floating point number in the range 0 least bright to 1 brightest There are seven possible levels of intensity The value input for the brightness is rounded to the closest of these seven values The default brightness is 1 DISPlay BRIGhtness Syntax DISPlay BRIGhtness 104 Remote Commands DISPlay Commands Description The query returns the brightness of the display where 0 means least brightness and 1 means full brightness Example OUTPUT 728 DISP BRIG 0 5 OUT
141. ollowing modifications are made a Lower case characters are converted to upper case b The characters 0046 to 0946 and 0Bj to 1F 6 are converted to spaces 206 c Two or more blanks are truncated to one 3 An EOI End Or Identify sent with any character is put into the input queue as the character followed by a line feed LF 0A1 If EOI is sent with a LF only one LF is put into the input queue 4 The parser starts if the LF character is received or if the input queue is full Clearing the Input Queue Switching the power off or sending a Device Interface Clear signal causes commands that are in the input queue but have not been executed to be lost The Output Queue The output queue contains responses to query messages The attenuator transmits any data from the output queue when a controller addresses the instrument as a talker Each response message ends with a LF OAj with EOI TRUE If no query is received or if the query has an error the output queue remains empty The Message Available bit MAV bit 4 is set in the Status Byte register whenever there is data in the output queue The Error Queue The error queue is 30 errors long It is a FIFO queue first in first out That is the first error read is the oldest error to have occurred A new error is only put into the queue if it is not already in it 84 Programming the Attenuator Some Notes about Programming and Syntax Diagram Convent
142. on factor Using the Modify Keys There are four modify keys on the front panel of the attenuator 29 Getting Started Making an Attenuation Sweep Figure 1 2 The Modify Keys D D 1 7 00 N N P 4 s Zo Ug an N n No iz rm ATT o0 oo ooo ooo neBa oO oo hr 9 dB 0 o0 0 ooo ooo oo 0o00 0Do00o00 o0 m o Oo goo goo A o oo o 00 00 0 o0 oOo ooo ooo ood Modify GICA ACCC Editing a Number Use and gt to move the cursor from digit to digit when editing a number Use and J to change the value of a digit when editing a number Editing a Non Numeric Parameter Use or to increment the parameter Use J or amp to decrement the parameter 1 2 Making an Attenuation Sweep There are two types of attenuation sweep automatic and manual Making an Automatic Sweep An automatic sweep is one where stepping from one attenuation factor to the next is done by the instrument To select the automatic sweep press SWP and make sure that SWEEP is set to AUTO By pressing SwP repeatedly you view and T 30 Getting Started The Manual Sweep can edit the parameters for the sweep START is the attenuation factor at which the sweep begins STOP is the attenuation factor that ends the sweep STEP is the size of the attenuation factor change and DWELL is the time taken for each attenuation factor Fig
143. on for the Back Reflector Options 201 and 203 32 Figure 2 1 The Hardware Configuration for the Attenuator cece eeeeeeeeeneeeeeees 37 Figure 2 2 The Attenuation Factor on the Display eee ceeceeeceseeeeeeeeeeeeneeenees 38 Figure 2 3 The Calibration Factor on the Display 0 0 cece cesceseceseeeeteeeeeeeeeeaeeeenees 39 Figure 2 4 The Wavelength on the Display 0 eeeeceesseesecseceeceeceeeeeeeeeeeeeeeenes 41 Figure 2 5 Hardware Configuration for Attenuation Example A oo eee eee 42 Figure 2 6 Hardware Configuration for Attenuation Example B uo eee 43 Figure 3 1 The Hardware Configuration for the Attenuator eee eeeeeeeeneeeeeees 47 Figure 3 2 The Parameters for an Automatic Sweep 0 cece ceseeeteceseeeeeeeeeeeaeeeaaees 49 Figure 3 3 Selecting the Automatic Sweep Application 0 eee ceeeeseeeeeereeeeees 49 Figure 3 4 Running the Automatic Sweep oo cece eeecesecereeeneeeseecaaecnecesaeceseeeneesaes 51 Figure 3 5 Editing the STOP Parameter eeeeseeeceeerreereeresresrrsrsseerissresrrsresessrssrees 52 Figure 3 6 Running the Manual Sweep sesseseseesseseesesrssreresressessrssesrissrssessreseeerssrees 53 Figure 4 1 The Hardware Configuration for the Back Reflector eee eeeeeeeeees 59 Figure 4 2 Editing the Value for the Reference Return Loss esseere 61 Figure 4 3 Executing the Back Reflector Application cee eeeceeseeeeeeeeeeeeeeeenes 62 Figure 4 4 Hardware Configuration for Variable Return Loss
144. on memory lost The nonvolatile configuration data saved by the instrument has been lost 330 Self test failed Further information about the self test failure is available by using TST 2 350 Queue overflow The error queue has overflown This error is written to the last position in the queue no further errors are recorded Query Errors These are error messages in the range 400 to 499 They indicate that an error has been detected by the output queue control An device specific error is signaled by the query error bit bit 2 in the event status register 300 Query error This indicates that a query error has occurred No more specific information is available 410 Query INTERRUPTED A condition occurred which interrupted the transmission of the response to a query for example a query followed by a DAB ora GET before the response was completely sent 420 Query UNTERMINATED A condition occurred that interrupted the reception of a query for example the instrument was addressed to talk and an incomplete program message was received 282 Error Messages GPIB Messages 430 Query DEADLOCKED A condition causing a deadlocked query has occurred for example both the input and the output buffer are full and the device cannot continue 440 Query UNTERMINATED after indefinite response Two queries were received in the same message The error occurs on the second query if the first requests an indef
145. on the following cables and adapters e GPIB Cable 10833A 1 m 3 3 ft e GPIB Cable 10833B 2 m 6 6 ft e GPIB Cable 10833C 4 m 13 2 ft 157 Accessories Connector Interfaces and Other Accessories e GPIB Cable 10833D 0 5 m 1 6 ft e GPIB Adapter 10834A 2 3 cm extender B 3 Connector Interfaces and Other Accessories The attenuator is supplied with one of three connector interface options e All options other than option 201 are supplied with a straight contact connector e Option 201 with an angled contact connector Straight Contact Connector If you want to use straight connectors such as FC PC Diamond HMS 10 DIN Biconic SC ST or D4 to connect to the instrument you must 1 attach your connector interface see the list of connector interfaces below to the interface adapter 2 then connect your cable 158 Accessories Connector Interfaces and Other Accessories Figure B 1 Straight Contact Connector Configuration l Agilent 8156A No Connector Option Specified ogogpoaug ooo0o00000 Output Straight Contact Connectors a e im ih h imp 3 29 2g 22 28 5 38 8 8 28 8 8 as o 5 o MS ao DO 22 2B 2 222 Table B 2 Connector Interface Description Agi
146. onformance is needed please contact your local Agilent Technologies Representative The product was tested in a typical configuration with Agilent systems Type test B blingen September Ist 1993 Hans Baisch Updated February 2000 BID Regulations Consultant 172 Performance Tests Performance Tests The procedures in this section test the optical performance of the instrument The complete specifications to which the Agilent Technologies 8156A is tested are given in Appendix C All tests can be performed without access to the interior of the instrument The performance tests referspecifically to tests using the Diamond HMS 10 Agilent connector 174 Performance Tests Equipment Required D 1 Equipment Required The equipment required for the performance test is listed in the table below Any equipment which satisfies the critical specifications of the equipment given in the table may be substituted for the recommended models 175 Performance Tests Equipment Required Table D 1 Equipment Required for the Agilent 8156A 1310 1550nm Recommended HP Instrument Accessory Agilent Model Required for Option 100 101 121 201 221 350 Power Meter 8153A Mainframe with x x x x x x CW Laser Sources 1310 1550nm 81552SM and 81553SM or 81554SM x x x x x LED Source 1300nm 81542MM x Opt Sensor Module 81532A x Return Loss Module 81534A Reference Reflector 81000BR Universal Through Adap
147. onsult your specific optical device manuals or guides for full information on safety matters Please try whenever possible to use physically contacting connectors and dry connections Clean the connectors interfaces and bushings carefully after use Agilent Technologies assume no liability for the customer s failure to comply with these requirements Cleaning Instructions for this Instrument The Cleaning Instructions apply to a number of different types of Optical Equipment The following section is relevant for this instrument e How to clean instruments with a physical contact interface on page 264 248 Cleaning Information Safety Precautions E 1 Safety Precautions Please follow the following safety rules Do not remove instrument covers when operating Ensure that the instrument is switched off throughout the cleaning procedures Use of controls or adjustments or performance of procedures other than those specified may result in hazardous radiation exposure Make sure that you disable all sources when you are cleaning any optical interfaces Under no circumstances look into the end of an optical device attached to optical outputs when the device is operational The laser radiation is not visible to the human eye but it can seriously damage your eyesight To prevent electrical shock disconnect the instrument from the mains before cleaning Use a dry cloth or one slightly dampened with water
148. ottom of the display Select ON to select the through power mode Edit the through power factor by pressing ATT and then the Modify keys 1 6 Selecting the Wavelength Calibration and Its Function The attenuation at any point on the filter is wavelength dependent This dependence is measured and stored in the instrument and is used with the value for the wavelength entered by the user to compensate for the dependence This is the wavelength calibration data There are two ways in which this data can be used 33 Getting Started Selecting the Wavelength Calibration and Its Function e to reposition the filter so that the attenuation stays constant or e to change the attenuation factor on the display to show the wavelength dependence You use this to set the wavelength for an unknown source you alter the wavelength until the displayed attenuation matches the measured attenuation To set the function of the calibration data press SYST repeatedly until LAMBDCAL is shown at the bottom of the display Set LAMBDCAL to OFF to use the calibration data to reposition the filter and set LAMBDCAL to ON to use the calibration data to change the attenuation factor As well as the wavelength calibration data measured for and stored in your instrument in the factory there is space reserved in memory for a set of your own user calibration data You load this data into the instrument over the GPIB See User Calibration Commands
149. played on the power meter and note it as Ppuros in the test record d Right Hand Circular polarized light Set the 4 4 and A 2 Retarder Plates to the corrected wavelength dependent positions for Right Hand Circular polarized light You need to select the 4 4 and A 2 Retarder plates by pressing 4 4 and A 2 respectively Type the appropriate value and press ENTER after each entry Read the power that is displayed on the power meter and note it as Ppyro4 in the test record 199 Performance Tests V Polarization Dependent Loss PDL Optional 14 Calculate a b c the Mueller coefficients the Minimum and Maximum transmission and finally the Polarization Dependent Loss PDL as described in the test record 15 Laser set up for the higher wavelength a Set the laser source to 1310nm nominal b Switch the laser on and allow to settle for about 5 minutes c Note the actual wavelength in the test record d Repeat steps 6 to 14 for this wavelength as well Table D 3 Performance Test Agilent 8156A Linear vertical Linear diagonal RH Circular 1 4 Plate A 2 Plate 1 4 Plate i 2 Plate 1 4 Plate i 2 Plate 1580nm 2 5 46 2 1 7 23 3 42 9 17 1 1560nm 1 2 45 6 0 8 22 9 44 0 16 5 1540nm 0 45 0 0 22 5 45 0 15 1 1520nm 1 4 44 39 1 22 0 46 2 13 8 1500nm 2 7 43 6 2 21 4 47 4 12 4 1340nm 14 7 36 2 13 9 12
150. positive transition register PTRansition which when enabled puts a 1 into the event register when the corresponding bit in the condition register goes from 0 to 1 The power on condition for this register is for all the bits to be disabled A negative transition register NTRansition which when enabled puts a 1 into the event register when the corresponding bit in the condition register goes from 1 to 0 The power on condition for this register is for all the bits to be disabled The enable register ENABle which enables changes in the event register to affect the Status Byte The status registers for the attenuator are organized as shown 115 Remote Commands STATus Commands Figure 8 2 The Status Registers Uncalibrated CONDition 8 PTRansition 8 QUEStionable x ENABle 8 ENABle 4 3h 7 Ta _2 D OPERation EVENt 4 eE 5 Ls PT Ransition 1 Fha T 1 3 7 NTRansition L J E CONDition 1 3 7 Settling Sweep Temperature STATus OPERation CONDition Syntax STATus OPERation CONDition Description This query reads the contents of the OPERation CONDition register Only three bits of the condition register are used e Bit 1 which is 1 when the motor that positions the attenuator filter is settling e Bit 3 which is 1 while the instrument is performing an attenuation sweep
151. pplied to the instrument while protective covers are removed Be aware that energy at many points if contacted result in personal injury e Do not install substitute parts or perform any unauthorized modification to the instrument e Be aware that capacitors inside the instrument may still be charged even if the instrument has been connected from its source of supply To avoid hazardous electrical shock do not operate the instrument if there are any signs of damage to any portion of the outer enclosure covers panels and so on To avoid the possibility of injury or death you must observe the following precautions before powering on the instrument If this instrument is to be energized via an autotransformer for voltage reduction ensure that the Common terminal connects to the earthed pole of the power source Insert the power cable plug only into a socket outlet provided with a protective earth contact Do not negate this protective action by the using an extension cord without a protective conductor Before switching on the instrument the protective earth terminal of the instrument must be connected to a protective conductor You can do this by using the power cord supplied with the instrument It is prohibited to interrupt the protective earth connection intentionally WARNING WARNING WARNING e The following work should be carried out by a qualified electrician All local electrical codes must be
152. pproximation should be used The value taken from the table possible by approximation is to be added to the values of the A 4 and A 2 retarder plate setting for Linear Horizontal polarized light determined in steps 7 and 8 respectively e Get the values for the wavelength dependent offset positions for each type of polarization from Table D 3 e Add these values to those for Linear Horizontal polarized light e Note the calculated corrected wavelength dependent position values in the Test Record for the A 4 Plate Setting and the A 2 Plate setting for Linear Vertical Linear Diagonal and Right Hand Circular polarization Example actual wavelength 1552 nm Find the maximum transmission for the Linear Horizontal polarized light at a polarization filter setting of 15 4 In Table D 3 wavelength dependent positions can be found and 195 Performance Tests V Polarization Dependent Loss PDL Optional approximated Linear vertical Linear diagonal RH circular A A 4 Plate X 2 Plate A 4 Plate 2 2 Plate 1 4 Plate X 2 Plate 1560nm 1 2 45 6 0 8 22 9 44 16 5 1552nm 0 7 45 4 0 5 22 7 44 4 15 9 1540nm 0 45 0 22 5 45 15 1 The associated Test record will look like this by adding the appropriate values to those of the Linear Horizontal polarized light Polarization Linear Linear Linear Right Hand Horizontal Vertical Diagonal Circular Polarizer Setting 15 4 n a n
153. r The register is cleared after being read 0 lt contents lt 255 96 Remote Commands The Common Commands Table 8 5 The Standard Event Status Register BITS MNEMONICS BIT VALUE 7 Power On 128 6 User Request 64 5 Command Error 32 4 Execution Error 16 3 Device Dependent Error 8 2 Query Error 4 1 Request Control 2 0 Operation Control 1 Example OUTPUT 728 ESR ENTER 728 AS IDN Syntax IDN Definition The identification query commands the instrument to identify itself over the interface Response HEWLETT PACKARD HP8156A mmmmmmmmmm n nn HEWLETT PACKARD manufacturer HP8156A instrument model number mmmmmmmmmm serial number not supplied n nn firmware revision level Example DIM A 100 OUT PUT 728 IDN EN ER 728 AS 97 Remote Commands The Common Commands OPC Syntax OPC Definition The instrument parses and executes all program message units in the input queue and sets the operation complete bit in the standard event status register ESR This command can be used to avoid filling the input queue before the previous commands have finished executing OPC This query causes all the program messages in the input queue to be parsed and executed Once it has completed it places an ASCII l in the output queue There is a short delay between interpreting the command and putting the l in the queue Example
154. r Agilent 81101AC Connector Interface Agilent 31000AI F HP 81521B Agilent 81000DF Agilent 81000AA Agilent 81101AC PDL Test Setup 2 with options 100 101 121 straight connectors 13 Measure the optical power after the DUT a Linear Horizontal polarized light Set the A 4 and 1 2 Retarder Plates for Linear Horizontal polarization You need to select the 4 4 and A 2 Retarder plates by pressing A 4 and A 2 respectively Type the appropriate value and press ENTER after each entry 198 Performance Tests V Polarization Dependent Loss PDL Optional Read the power that is displayed on the power meter and note it as Phyto in the test record b Linear Vertical polarized light Set the 4 4 and A 2 Retarder Plates to the corrected wavelength dependent positions for Linear Vertical polarized light You need to select the 4 4 and A 2 Retarder plates by pressing A 4 and A 2 respectively Type the appropriate value and press ENTER after each entry Read the power that is displayed on the power meter and note it as Ppuroz in the test record c Linear Diagonal polarized light Set the 4 4 and A 2 Retarder Plates to the corrected wavelength dependent positions for Linear Diagonal polarized light You need to select the 4 4 and A 2 Retarder plates by pressing A 4 and A 2 respectively Type the appropriate value and press ENTER after each entry Read the power that is dis
155. r Option 100 No Date Test Test Description Minimum Maximum Measurement No performed at nm Spec Result Spec Uncertainty Ill Att Repeatability Test 0 01dB Attenuation Setting 1dB Disp Ref 0 01dB 0 01dB 5dB Disp Ref 0 01dB 0 01dB 12dB Disp Ref 0 01dB 0 01dB 24dB Disp Ref 0 01dB 0 01dB 36dB Disp Ref 0 01dB 0 01dB 48dB Disp Ref 0 01dB 0 01dB 53dB Disp Ref 0 01dB 0 01dB 60dB Disp Ref 0 01dB 0 01dB IV Return Loss Test Input 30dB 0 60dB typ gt 35dB Output 30dB 0 60dB 205 Performance Tests V Polarization Dependent Loss PDL Optional Performance Test for the Agilent 8156A Option 100 Page 6 of 8 Model Agilent 8156A Attenuator Option 100 No Date Test Test Description Minimum Maximum Measurement No performed at nm Spec Result Spec Uncertainty I Total Insertion Loss Test dB 0 60dB typ lt 4 5dB measured at nm with SM fiber 5 4 dB H Linearity Att Acc 0 05dB Attenuation Setting 0dB REF 1dB 0 8dB 1 2dB 2dB 1 8dB 2 2dB 3dB 2 8dB 3 2dB 4dB 3 8dB 4 2dB 5dB 4 8dB 5 2dB 6dB 5 8dB 6 2dB 7dB 6 8dB 7 2dB 8dB 7 8dB 8 2dB 9dB 8 8dB 9 2dB 10dB 9 8dB 10 2dB 206 Performance Test for the Agilent 8156A Option 100 Performance Tests V Polarization Dependent Loss PDL Optional Page 7 of 8 Model Agilent 8156A Attenuator Option 100 No Date Test Test Description Minimum Maximum Measurement No performed
156. r attenuation stays constant when you transfer to the calibration factor This means that the new calibration factor is calculated from the attenuation factor and the old calibration factor according to the formula below from equation 1 Calygw dB Attgze dB Calg p B Atto p aB To transfer to the calibration factor press DISP gt CAL Entering the Wavelength The attenuation at any point on the filter is wavelength dependent This dependence is measured and stored in the instrument and is used with the value for the wavelength entered by the user to compensate for the dependence This is the wavelength calibration data There are two ways of using the wavelength calibration data e to reposition the filter so that the attenuation stays constant or e to change the attenuation factor on the display to show the wavelength dependence You use this to set the wavelength for an 40 Figure 2 4 Using the Attenuator Setting Up the Attenuation unknown source you alter the wavelength until the displayed attenuation matches the measured attenuation There are two sets of wavelength calibration data one made in the factory individually for your instrument The user defines the other For more details on these topics see Selecting the Wavelength Calibration and Its Function on page 67 The wavelength is shown at the top right of the display The Wavelength on the Display ee ea uf bg on
157. r in numeric data including nondecimal numeric data but cannot be more specific 277 Error Messages GPIB Messages 121 Invalid character in number An invalid character was found in numeric data note this may include and alphabetic character in a decimal data or a 9 in octal data 123 Exponent too large The exponent must be less than 32000 124 Too many digits The mantissa of a decimal number can have a maximum of 255 digits leading zeros are not counted 128 Numeric data not allowed Another data type was expected for this command 130 Suffix error The suffix is the unit and the unit multiplier for the data This error indicates that the parser has found an error in suffix but cannot be more specific 131 Invalid suffix The suffix is incorrect or inappropriate 134 Suffix too long A suffix can have a maximum of 12 characters 138 Suffix not allowed A suffix was found where none is allowed 140 Character data error This error indicates that the parser has found an error in character data but cannot be more specific 278 Error Messages GPIB Messages 141 Invalid character data The character data is incorrect or inappropriate 144 Character data too long Character data can have a maximum of 12 characters 148 Character data not allowed Character data was found where none is allowed 150 String data error This error indicates that the parser has found an er
158. r setups before setting up the hardware as shown below see Setting Up the Software on page 60 Figure 4 1 The Hardware Configuration for the Back Reflector Agilent 81000SI oo000D00D Q Agilent 81000UM and 81000FI ODO0O0000 ee Agilent 81000BR Agilent 81113PC Been NOTE Before using the instrument you should make sure that it is properly warmed up The instrument is properly warmed up when it has been switched on for a minimum of 45 minutes Failure to do this can cause errors of up to 0 04dB in the attenuation If you are not using option 201 the connector interfaces you need depends on the connector type you are using Option 121 or option 221 the monitor output is of no use when using the attenuator as a back reflector The disruption to the back reflection performance by leaving this output open is negligible though you may want to terminate it to eliminate any small effect it might have 59 RL dB oo Using your Attenuator as a Variable Back Reflector Setting Up the Software 4 2 Setting Up the Software There are four factors that influence the back reflection of the attenuator These are 1 the insertion loss of the attenuator INS LOSS 2 the return loss of the attenuator RL INPUT 3 the reference return loss you are using RL REF and 4 the filter attenuation The return loss RL is calculated according to the equation
159. r the errors 450 460 Ende 0 470 GOSUB Pmm_srgq 480 ENABLE INTR 7 2 490 500 The Central Loop 510 520 REPEAT 530 INPUT Command Inp 540 GOSUB Pmm_srgq 550 OUTPUT Att Inp 560 PRINT TABXY 21 16 570 PRINT TABXY 21 16 Inp 580 WAIT 1 0 590 UNTIL Ende 1 600 GOTO 1380 610 1 620 WS a as a a eS aa EE i a EN 630 Pmm_srq Interrupt Handling Subroutine to display the 640 status and the error and output queues 650 NS SS ee eS SS e a 660 670 Get the value for the Status Byte 680 690 Value SPOLL Att 700 710 Initialize and start the display of the registers 720 730 PRINT TABXY 21 17 740 PRINT TABXY 21 18 750 Ypos 3 760 FOR Z 0 TO 1 770 Bit 128 780 Xpos 7 790 800 Do it for each bit 810 f 820 REPEAT 830 Quot Value DIV Bit 840 850 If the bit is set then display 1 860 870 IF Quot gt 0 THEN 880 PRINT TABXY Xpos Ypos 1 133 Programming Examples Example 2 Status Registers and Queues 890 Value Value Bit 900 910 If MAV is set then get and display the output que ue contents 920 930 IF Z 0 THEN 940 IF Bit 16 THEN 950 ENTER Att A 960 PRINT TABXY 21 18 AS 970 END IF 980 END IF 990 000 If the bit is not set then display 0 010 020 ELSE 030 PRINT TABXY Xpos Ypos 0 040 END IF 050 060 Set up for the next iteration 070 080 Bit Bit DIV 2 090 Xpos Xpos 4 00 UNTIL Bit 0 10 20 Now that the stat
160. resresseee 89 TPable 3 Comimand Listened eae a eni E EKE E AREN EEA ites 90 Table 8 4 The Event Status Enable Register cecccessccesseceeeeeceeeeeeeceeeaeeceeeeeeeaes 96 Table 8 5 The Standard Event Status Register 0 0 eeeeseceseceteeeeeceeeeeneeeaeeeaeeeaaees 97 Table 8 6 Reset State Default Setting essesessesssssssssssssssssesssrsssessrrssseestessessessseesses 100 Table 8 7 The Service Request Enable Register 0 0 eee cesecseceseeceteeeeeeeneeeneeeaees 101 Table 8 8 The Status Byte R gistenssncninnriorniiiiieerierrioeei iia ioiei iae 102 Table 9 The Self Test Result 2 i cice cieesil ae sthniiel E E E EE EER 103 Table A 1 Temperature Griene aeieea oaee aeaee EEEa AEE EEEE ES Srna AIEEE REEE n R aait 148 Table C 1 Specifications Options 100 101 and 201 esssseseseeessesreerreserssre 167 Table C 2 Monitor Output Options sessssssseeesereesesresseerestesreressessstesrestssresreesessesreses 168 Table C 3 Multimode Options 00 cece eeeeseeseecseeceeeseceseeeseeseeeeeaecsaeceseeeeeseeeseneeeaees 169 Table D 1 Equipment Required for the Agilent 8156A 1310 1550nm 0 0 176 Table D 2 Equipment for the PDL test Lo eee esesseeeneecnseceeeceseceeseneeeseeeneeenaes 191 Table D 3 Performance Test Agilent 8156A oo eee eeeesseceseccneceeeeeseeeaeeeseeeaeeeaaees 200 25 List of Tables 26 Getting Started Getting Started This chapter introduces the features of the Agilent Technologies
161. ror in string data but cannot be more specific 151 Invalid string data The string data is incorrect for example an END message was received before the terminal quote character 158 String data not allowed String data was found where none is allowed 160 Block data error This error indicates that the parser has found an error in block data but cannot be more specific 161 Invalid block data The block data is incorrect for example an END message was received before the length was satisfied 168 Block data not allowed Block data was found where none is allowed 279 Error Messages GPIB Messages Execution Errors These are error messages in the range 200 to 299 They indicate that an execution error has been detected by the execution control block An execution error is signaled by the execution error bit bit 4 in the event status register 200 Execution error This indicates that an execution error has occurred but the control block cannot be more specific 201 Invalid while in local This command is invalid because it conflicts with the configuration under local control 202 Settings lost due to rtl A local setting was lost when the instrument was changing from remote to local control or from local to remote control 220 Parameter error This indicates that a parameter error has occurred but the control block cannot be more specific 221 Settings conflict A valid parameter w
162. rs a 269 Procedure for Stubborn Dirt 2 00 0 eeeeeeeceseceneeceeeeeneeeeeeees 270 Alternative Procedure A cceccecesceeseceereceseceacecereeeneeeeneens 270 Alternative Procedure B ou eeeeeceeeseceseecneecencecereeeeeeeetens 271 E 19 Other Cleaning Hints ccsscccssssccssscsssssereo 7 L Making the connection 0 0 eee eeecesseceeeeceeeeeeeeeeeeceeeeneeeeers 271 Lens cleaning papers eeeceeeceeeeeseceeeeeseceseeceeecsseeeneeeee 271 Immersion oil and other index matching compounds 272 Cleaning the housing and the mainframe eee 272 F Error messages F 1 Display Messages ssccsssccsssscssssscesssscesssccsssseese 27D 20 Table of Contents F 2 GPIB Messages ccsccssssccssssccssscssscscsssssssssssesssssese 270 Command Errors ec ssi acetic ites sete rar Ere nnd hee 276 Execution Errors Aci seiete anuet i ie r les 280 Device S pectic Errors 20 525 iiehecveiieoi Ges dieser e 281 Query Errors aerei E a R ei oe ate Bee 282 Instrument Specific Errors eee eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeneeeneenee 283 21 Table of Contents 22 List of Figures Figure 1 1 The Attenuator Keys oo eee esesssceseecsseeseceseeeseeseeeeeaeceaeceaeesaecsseseneeeaees 29 Proure 1 27 The Modify Keys tisccctcesccebeshlivsececgceseccusseesnectebest teat aeia a iese a Rae 30 Figure 1 3 The Parameters for an Automatic Sweep 0 0 eetceseeeeeceeeeeeeeeeeeaeeeneees 31 Figure 1 4 The Hardware Configurati
163. seesneenees 256 Dust Caps and Shutter Caps oo eee ceseeeceeceseeeeeesees 256 Immersion Oil and Other Index Matching Compounds 256 18 Table of Contents E 5 Cleaning Instrument Housings ccccccsssseeee 257 E 6 Which Cleaning Procedure should I use 257 Light dirt enneren nner r n ran 257 Heavy dirt s c2 4sc8ceesste ceased isois rosero ieoor oerion 257 E 7 How to clean connectors e esseeseesoesoossoesoesoossoessesse LOO Preferred Procedure unnie a E 258 Procedure for Stubborn Dirt s ssssesseseeeeseersereesresesersesesersees 258 An Alternative Procedure oo cee eeeeesceeereeeseceeeeceneeeneeceneees 259 E 8 How to clean connector adapters sesesssooesssoes0 259 Preferred Procedure sessiossa oaaae a 259 Procedure for Stubborn Dirt s ssssssseesseeseeesersesessesereesesersees 260 E 9 How to clean connector interfaces 0 000260 Preferred Procedure 0 ee eeeceeeeceseeenceeeececeeeeeeceeecnaeeeneees 260 Procedure for Stubborn Dirt 20 0 0 eee ceeeeeseceeeeceteeeneeeeneees 261 E 10 How to clean bare fiber adapters 0000000 261 Preferred Procedure eeeceeecsseeenceeseeeeneceeeeceseeeeeeeneees 261 Procedure for Stubborn Dirt 20 0 0 cee ceeeeeseceeeeceeeeeeeeeneees 262 E 11 How to clean lenses ssecssssssscessseccssessseseree 202 Preferred Procedure 0 cc csccsessnsveseoescnevatevescevssseveadeeeavesseee 262 Procedure for Stubborn Dirt 20
164. sen output See Connector Interfaces and Other Accessories on page 158 for further details on connector interfaces and accessories Disabling the Optical Output If the optical output is enabled that is the green LED is lit you can disable it by pressing ENB DIS Depending on the attenuation setting it can take up to 3 seconds for the output to be disabled typically delay 1 second A 8 GPIB Interface You can connect your GPIB interface into a star network a linear network or a combination star and linear network The limitations imposed on this network are as follows e The total cable length cannot exceed 20 meters e The maximum cable length per device is 2 meters e No more than 15 devices may be interconnected on one bus 150 Installation GPIB Interface Connector The following figure shows the connector and pin assignments Connector Part Number 1251 0293 Figure A 6 GPIB Connector hpibcon NDAC ATN DI SHIELD GND ONLY AT SYSTEM CONTROLLER DIO YPE 57 CONNECTOR GROUNDS GD AT SYSTEM CONTROLLER REN CAUTION Agilent Technologies products delivered now are equipped with connectors having ISO metric threaded lock screws and stud mounts ISO M3 5x0 6 that are black in color Earlier connectors may have lock screws and stud mounts with imperial threaded lock screws and stud mounts 6 32 UNC that have a shiny nickel finish CAUTION It is recommended that you do not stack more t
165. ssseees 74 Resetting the Display Resolution 0 eee eeeeeeeeeeeeneeeeeeeee 74 6 Storing and Recalling Settings 6 1 Storing the Setting cc cssssccssssccsssccseresssessees 77 6 2 Recalling a Setting cccscccsssscssssscsssccssssscssecsees 77 Resetting the Instrument s essesseeseessesseereessesererseseresserseseses 77 Recalling a User Setting 0 cee eesceeeeeseeesseceeeeceeeeeneeeenees 77 7 Programming the Attenuator 7 1 GPIB Interface ssessoescoccsocessecssocesocesoocesscessccesoceeo 1 7 2 Setting the GPIB Address cssssccssssccssssccsssees 83 13 Table of Contents 7 3 Returning the Instrument to Local Control 83 7 4 How the Attenuator Receives and Transmits Messages 83 How the Input Queue Works 00 eee eee creeeeecneeeeeenees 83 The Output Queue 5 3 sscsscssesiscesssesces vest passes oo KEKERE TENETE ERER 84 The Error Queue vierta ev needa fies eae N 84 7 5 Some Notes about Programming and Syntax Diagram Conv nti ns ssis ssi seascvavosnsetesesasinvcasvaasvacenisreateanserecOO Short Form and Long Form eee eeeeecseceseeseeeees 85 Command and Query Syntax oe eeeeeeeeeeeeeeereeneeeeees 86 8 Remote Commands 8 2 Command Summary eessessssesssecsssccesocesoosssoesssesesoees DI 8 3 The Common Commands ssssssssssssesssssssssssssss ID Common Status Information 00 ceceesceesseeceeseeeeeneeeeees 93 i O E E EE ee 95 e E E E E el A 95 ES e PEES E EEA A T 96
166. st setups given in the procedure are dry and clean DO NOT USE INDEX MATCHING OIL Make sure that all optical connectors are undamaged The value for insertion loss depends on the quality of the connectors The optical cables from the laser source to and from the Agilent 8156A Attenuator to the power meter must be fixed on the table to ensure minimum cable movement during the tests The environmental conditions temperature and relative humidity must remain constant during the tests 178 Performance Tests Performance Test I Total Insertion Loss Test Specifications Agilent 8156A Typ Insertion loss including both connectors Option 100 lt 5 4dB Option 101 lt 3 0dB Option 121 lt 4 2dB Option 201 lt 3 0dB Option 221 lt 3 3dB Option 350 lt 3 0dB Carry out the following Insertion Loss Test at 1310nm and 1550nm with single mode fibers using the the equipment listed previously 1 Turn the instruments on and allow the instruments to warm up 2 Connect the equipment as shown in the appropriate Total Insertion Loss Test Setup 1 Figure D 1 Total Insertion Loss Test Setup 1 Options 100 101 121 HP 81532A HP 8153A A Agilent 8156A DUT Agilent Agilent o00o0o0000 r ai 00000000 ag VAI D 0 OO00000H Y of pooo O O Optical Isolator 179 Performance Tests Performance Test
167. stalled and all safety precautions are taken Note the instrument s external markings described under Safety Symbols GROUND THE INSTRUMENT To minimize shock hazard the instrument chassis and cover must be connected to an electrical protective earth ground The instrument must be connected to the ac power mains through a grounded power cable with the ground wire firmly connected to an electrical ground safety ground at the power outlet Any interruption of the protective grounding conductor or disconnection of the protective earth terminal will cause a potential shock hazard that could result in personal injury FUSES Only fuses with the required rated current voltage and specified type normal blow time delay etc should be used Do not use repaired fuses or short circuited fuse holders To do so could cause a shock or fire hazard DO NOT OPERATE IN AN EXPLOSIVE ATMOSPHERE Do not operate the instrument in the presence of flammable gases or fumes DO NOT REMOVE THE INSTRUMENT COVER Operating personnel must not remove instrument covers Component replacement and internal adjustments must be made only by qualified service personnel Instruments that appear damaged or defective should be made inoperative and secured against unintended operation until they can be repaired by qualified service personnel WARNING WARNING Other Safety Information e Adjustments described in this manual are performed with power su
168. t 8156A is 15 to 95 from 0 C to 40 C Instrument Positioning and Cooling The attenuator has a cooling fan mounted internally Mount or position the instrument upright and horizontally so that air can circulate through it freely When operating the attenuator choose a location that provides at least 75mm 3inches of clearance at the 148 Installation Switching on the Attenuator rear and at least 25mm linch of clearance at each side Failure to provide adequate air clearance may result in excessive internal temperature reducing instrument reliability Figure A 5 Correct Positioning of the Attenuator E A 75mm 3 N A 5 Switching on the Attenuator When you switch on the attenuator it goes through self test This is the same as the self test described in TST on page 103 A 6 Monitor Output If you have option 121 or option 221 the monitor output then the Monitor Output provides a signal for monitoring the power getting through the attenuator The signal level is approximately 5 of the output power level For the most accurate results measure the 149 CAUTION NOTE Installation Optical Output coupling ratio and its wavelength dependence for the Monitor Output yourself A 7 Optical Output The attenuator is supplied with either a straight contact connector or an angled contact connector Option 201 Make sure that you only use the correct cables with your cho
169. tal filter or attenuator grating Be very careful when using or cleaning these devices Do not use cotton swabs or soft tissues as there is the danger that you cannot remove the lint and that the device will be destroyed by becoming mechanically distorted Preferred Procedure Use the following procedure on most occasions 1 Use compressed air at a distance and with low pressure to remove any dust or lint Procedure for Stubborn Dirt Do not use an ultrasonic bath as this can damage your device Use this procedure particularly when there is greasy dirt on the device 1 Put the optical device into a bath of isopropyl alcohol and wait at least 10 minutes 2 Remove the fluid using compressed air at some distance and with low pressure If there are any streaks or drying stains on the surface repeat the whole cleaning procedure E 18 Additional Cleaning Information The following cleaning procedures may be used with other optical equipment 268 Cleaning Information Additional Cleaning Information How to clean bare fiber ends e How to clean large area lenses and mirrors How to clean bare fiber ends Bare fiber ends are often used for splices or together with other optical components to create a parallel beam The end of a fiber can often be scratched You make a new cleave To do this 1 Strip off the cladding 2 Take a new soft tissue and moisten it with isopropyl alcohol 3 Carefully clean the bare fib
170. tenuation does not change 1 Press SYST repeatedly until THRUPOWR is shown at the bottom of the display 2 Select OFF to switch off the through power mode Resetting the Through Power Mode To reset THRUPOWR press and hold SYST until the value resets this takes approximately two seconds THRUPOWR resets to OFF 5 4 Setting the Display Brightness This parameter sets the brightness of the display To set the brightness 1 Press SYST repeatedly until BRIGHT is shown at the bottom of the display 2 Use Modify keys to set the brightness Resetting the Display Brightness To reset BRIGHT press and hold SysT until the value resets this takes approximately two seconds BRIGHT resets to full brightness 71 Setting Up the System Selecting the Setting used at Power On 5 5 Selecting the Setting used at Power On This parameter selects the instrument setting that is used at power on 1 Press SYST repeatedly until P ON SET is shown at the bottom of the display 2 Use Modify keys to select the setting LAST is the setting that was in use when the instrument was switched off DEFAULT is the default setting a number is the number of the setting location where the user has saved a setting Resetting the Power On Setting To reset P ON SET press and hold SysT until the value resets this takes approximately two seconds P ON SET is reset to LAST 5 6 Locking Out Ens Di1s T
171. ter 81000UM Back Reflector Kit 8156A Option 203 DIN Through Adapter 1005 0255 x x Optical Isolator x x x z 3 a Optical Isolator Connector Interface 6ea 81000AI x x x Connector Interface 4ea 81000AI X Connector Interface lea 81000AI x x X Connector Interface lea 8 1000FI X x Connector Interface 4ea 81000SI x x Connector Interface lea 81000SI x Single Mode Fiber lea 81101AC x x Single Mode Fiber lea 81101AC x Single Mode Fiber lea 81102SC x x Single Mode Fiber lea 81102SC x Single Mode Fiber lea 81109AC x x x Single Mode Fiber lea 81113PC x x Multi Mode Fiber 2ea 81501AC x 176 Performance Tests Test Record D 2 Test Record Results of the performance test may be tabulated on the Test Record provided at the end of the test procedures It is recommended that you fill out the Test Record and refer to it while doing the test Since the test limits and setup information are printed on the Test Record for easy reference the record can also be used as an abbreviated test procedure if you are already familiar with the test procedures The Test Record can also be used as a permanent record and may be reproduced without written permission from Agilent Technologies D 3 Test Failure If the Agilent 8156A fails any performance test return the instrument to the nearest Agilent Techno
172. the calibration factor on the screen 1 Press SYST repeatedly until RESOLUT is shown at the bottom of the display 2 Use Modify keys to select the setting 1 100 sets a resolution of 0 01 1 1000 sets a resolution of 0 001 Resetting the Display Resolution To reset RESOLUT press and hold Syst until the value resets this takes approximately two seconds RESOLUT resets to 1 100 74 Storing and Recalling Settings Storing and Recalling Settings This chapter describes how to store instrument settings to memory and how to recall them A setting consists of the wavelength calibration and attenuation factors all the application parameters and the system parameters with the exceptions of the display resolution the power on setting and the GPIB address and command set 76 Storing and Recalling Settings Storing the Setting 6 1 Storing the Setting To store the current instrument setting 1 Press STORE 2 Select the location where you want to store the setting using the T or the U 3 Press EXEC 6 2 Recalling a Setting Resetting the Instrument To reset the instrument you should recall the default setting 1 Press RECALL The DEFAULT location is shown on the display Figure 6 1 The Display when Recalling the Default Setting poop 90000 _oo0 oO Q ia gg00_ 90000 90000 0 QO goo 0000 5 88 E P g H 8 B8 8 o oe pE B pogo 9000 0 0 og O 0 gogoo Ooo O OO oo Oo a oa 8 oes
173. the dust with a soft tissue and then use compressed air to blow away any remaining filaments If possible avoid using denatured alcohol containing additives Instead apply alcohol used for medical purposes Never try to drink this alcohol as it may seriously damage to your health Do not use any other solvents as some may damage plastic materials and claddings Acetone for example will dissolve the epoxy used with fiber optic connectors To avoid damage only use isopropyl alcohol Cotton swabs We recommend that you use swabs such as Q tips or other cotton swabs normally available from local distributors of medical and 251 Cleaning Information What do I need for proper cleaning hygiene products for example a supermarket or a chemist s shop You may be able to obtain various sizes of swab If this is the case select the smallest size for your smallest devices Ensure that you use natural cotton swabs Foam swabs will often leave behind filmy deposits after cleaning Use care when cleaning and avoid pressing too hard onto your optical device with the swab Too much pressure may scratch the surface and could cause your device to become misaligned It is advisable to rub gently over the surface using only a small circular movement Swabs should be used straight out of the packet and never used twice This is because dust and dirt in the atmosphere or from a first cleaning may collect on your swab and scratch t
174. the sweep parameter is set to MANUAL press T or U to set it to AUTO 3 Set the start attenuation factor a Press Swe b Use the Modify keys to set START to 5 000dB 4 Set the attenuation factor step size a Press SWP to get the stop parameter We do not need to edit this parameter b Press SWP to get the step parameter 54 Making an Attenuation Sweep Example an Automatic Attenuation Sweep c Use the Modify keys to set STEP to 0 500dB 5 Set the dwell time a b Press SWP Use the Modify keys to set DWELL to 1 00s 6 Execute the sweep a b Press SWP Make sure the output is enabled press ENB DIS until the LED lights Press EXEC 55 Making an Attenuation Sweep Example an Automatic Attenuation Sweep 56 Using your Attenuator as a Variable Back Reflector Using your Attenuator as a Variable Back Reflector This chapter describes how you can use your attenuator as a variable back reflector An example using the back reflector kit option 203 with option 201 is given at the end of the chapter 58 Using your Attenuator as a Variable Back Reflector Configuring the Hardware 4 1 Configuring the Hardware To use the attenuator as a back reflector you need to set up the hardware as shown in the figure below NOTE If this your first time to use the attenuator as a back reflector you first need to make some measurements These require othe
175. uation factor becomes zero Calygw dB Attfiter dB Calo p dB Attozp dB Example OUTPUT 728 INP OFFS DISP OUTPUT 728 INP OFFS ENTER 728 AS INPut WAVelength Syntax INPut WAVelength lt wsp gt lt value gt DB IMINIDEFIMAX Description This command sets the wavelength for the instrument The value is used to make the compensation for the wavelength dependence of the filter using the wavelength calibration data There are two sets of wavelength calibration data one is made in the factory individually for your instrument The other is left for the you to define Using your own wavelength calibration data you can use the attenuator to compensate for the total wavelength dependence of your hardware configuration For more details on this topic see Selecting the Wavelength Calibration and Its Function on page 67 You set the wavelength by sending a value default units are meters or by sending MIN DEF or MAX which specify the minimum default and maximum values for the wavelength 109 Remote Commands OUTPut Commands The minimum value for the wavelength is 1200nm The default value is 1310nm The maximum value is 1650nm INPut WAVelength Syntax INPut WAVelength lt wsp gt MINIDEFIMAX Description The query returns the current wavelength in meters By sending MIN DEF or MAX with the query the minimum default or maximum value poss
176. uator Option 221 No Date Test Test Description Minimum Maximum Measurement No performed at nm Spec Result Spec Uncertainty Ill Att Repeatability Test 0 01dB Attenuation Setting 1dB Disp Ref 0 01dB 0 01dB 5dB Disp Ref 0 01dB 0 01dB 12dB Disp Ref 0 01dB 0 01dB 24dB Disp Ref 0 01dB 0 01dB 36dB Disp Ref 0 01dB 0 01dB 48dB Disp Ref 0 01dB 0 01dB 53dB Disp Ref 0 01dB 0 01dB 60dB Disp Ref 0 01dB 0 01dB IV Return Loss Test Input 55dB 0 60dB typ gt 60dB Output 55dB 0 60dB 233 Performance Tests V Polarization Dependent Loss PDL Optional Performance Test for the Agilent 8156A Option 221 Page 6 of 8 Model Agilent 8156A Attenuator Option 221 No Date Test Test Description Minimum Maximum Measurement No performed at nm Spec Result Spec Uncertainty I Total Insertion Loss Test dB 0 60dB typ lt 3 3dB measured at nm with SM fiber 4 2 dB H Linearity Att Acc 0 05dB Attenuation Setting 0dB REF 1dB 0 9dB 1 1dB 2dB 1 9dB 2 1dB 3dB 2 9dB 3 1dB 4dB 3 9dB 4 1dB 5dB 4 9dB 5 1dB 6dB 5 9dB 6 1dB 7dB 6 9dB 7 1dB 8dB 7 9dB 8 1dB 9dB 8 9dB 9 1dB 10dB 9 9dB 10 1dB 234 Performance Test for the Agilent 8156A Option 221 Performance Tests V Polarization Dependent Loss PDL Optional Page 7 of 8 Model Agilent 8156A Attenuator Option 221 No Date Test Test Description Minimum Maximum Measurement No
177. ubbing gently over the surface using a small circular movement 4 Blow away any remaining lint with compressed air E 9 How to clean connector interfaces Be careful when using pipe cleaners as the core and the bristles of the pipe cleaner are hard and can damage the interface Do not use pipe cleaners on optical head adapters as the hard core of normal pipe cleaners can damage the bottom of an adapter Preferred Procedure Use the following procedure on most occasions 1 Clean the interface by pushing and pulling a new dry pipe cleaner into the opening Rotate the pipe cleaner slowly as you do this 2 Then clean the interface by rubbing a new dry cotton swab over 260 CAUTION Cleaning Information How to clean bare fiber adapters 3 the surface using a small circular movement Blow away any remaining lint with compressed air Procedure for Stubborn Dirt Use this procedure particularly when there is greasy dirt on the interface 1 Moisten a new pipe cleaner with isopropyl alcohol 2 Clean the interface by pushing and pulling the pipe cleaner into the opening Rotate the pipe cleaner slowly as you do this 3 Moisten a new cotton swab with isopropyl alcohol 4 Clean the interface by rubbing the cotton swab over the surface using a small circular movement 5 Using a new dry pipe cleaner and a new dry cotton swab remove the alcohol any dissolved sediment and dust 6 Blow away any rem
178. ue e g 0 00 dB wait until it settles at this value The time taken to change depends on the size of the attenuation factor change and is in the range 20 to 400ms typical value is 200ms Then change the attenuation back to the previous value Note the deviation dB in the Test Record and check that it is within 0 01 dB Repeat steps 1 and 2 for the following attenuation settings 5 dB 12 dB 24 dB 36 dB 48 dB 53 dB 60 dB 184 Performance Tests Performance Test IV Return Loss Test Options 100 101 and 121 Specifications Agilent 8156A Return Loss Option 100 gt 35dB Option 101 gt 45dB Option 121 gt 45dB 1 Make sure that all connectors are carefully cleaned 2 Connect the source to the HP 81534A Input Attach the high return loss connector of the patchcord to the Output the high return loss connector on these cables is the connector with the orange sleeve Using tape fix the cables to the table Figure D 7 Return Loss Test Setup 1 Options 100 101 121 Source HP 81534A HP 8153A Agilent Agilent 8156A DUT Agilent x I aN miles y OO000000 ooon 000 H A ooog O O DODOCCOVOO O Agilent 81000AI Agilent 81109AC Agilent 81101AC 3 Make sure that the instrument has warmed up 4 Disable the source cover the end of the patchcord for instance using the blue cap supplied with the fiber and press ZERO to remove offs
179. unrecognized character 102 Syntax error The command or data could not be recognized 103 Invalid separator The parser was expecting a separator for example a semicolon between commands but did not find one 104 Data type error The parser was expecting one data type but found another for example was expecting a string but received numeric data 105 GET not allowed A Group Execute Trigger was received within a program message see IEEE 488 2 7 7 276 Error Messages GPIB Messages 108 Parameter not allowed More parameters were received for a command than were expected 109 Missing parameter Fewer parameters were received than the command requires 110 Command header error A command header is the mnemonic part of the command the part not containing parameter information This error indicates that the parser has found an error in the command header but cannot be more specific 111 Header separator error A character that is not a valid header separator was encountered 112 Program mnemonic too long The program mnemonic must be 12 characters or shorter 113 Undefined header This header is not defined for use with the instrument 114 Header suffix out of range The header contained an invalid character This message sometimes occurs because the parser is trying to interpret a non header as a header 120 Numeric data error This error indicates that the parser has found an erro
180. ure 1 3 The Parameters for an Automatic Sweep If you have set up your sweep then you press EXEC to run it 1 3 The Manual S weep A manual sweep is one where stepping from one attenuation factor to the next is done To select the manu by the user al sweep press SWP and make sure that SWEEP is set to MANUAL By pressing SWP repeatedly you can view and edit the parameters for the sweep START is the attenuation factor at which the sweep begins STOP is the attenuation factor that ends the sweep and ST EP is the size of the attenuation factor change If you have set up your sweep then you press EXEC to run it To go to the next attenuation factor in the sweep press T or gt To go to the previous attenuation factor in the sweep press lore 31 Getting Started Using your Attenuator as a Variable Back Reflector 1 4 Using your Attenuator as a Variable Back Reflector NOTE Before using the instrument you should make sure that it is properly warmed up The instrument is properly warmed up when it has been switched on for a minimum of 45 minutes Failure to do this can cause errors of up to 0 04dB in the attenuation To use the attenuator as a back reflector you need to set up the hardware as shown in the figure below Figure 1 4 The Hardware Configuration for the Back Reflector Options 201 and 203 Agilent 81000SI OOD
181. us byte is displayed get the Standar d Events 30 Status Register 40 50 OUTPUT Att ESR 60 ENTER Att Value 70 i 80 Set up to display the ESR 90 200 Ypos 12 210 NEXT Z 220 230 Read and display any messages in the error queue 240 250 REPEAT 260 OUTPUT Att SYSTEM ERROR 270 ENTER Att Value A The SYSTEM ERROR query gets the number of the last error in the error queue 280 IF Value lt gt 0 THEN PRINT TABXY 21 17 Value AS 290 UNTIL Value 0 300 310 Clear the Status structure and reenable the interrupt be fore returning 320 330 OUTPUT Att CLS 340 ENABLE INTR 7 350 360 RETURN 310 t 380 END 134 Programming Examples Example 3 Measuring and Including the Insertion Loss 9 3 Example 3 Measuring and Including the Insertion Loss Function This program performs the same sequence as the sample session given in chapter 1 That is to measure the insertion loss of the attenuator and put this into the calibration factor to that it is included in all future loss values Requirements This example uses the Agilent 8156A Attenuator with a 8153A multimeter with one source and one sensor The connectors for this system are all HMS 10 Setting Up the Equipment 1 At the beginning configure the hardware as shown in the figure below making sure that all the connectors are clean Figure 9 1 Hardware Configuration for Attenuation Example A HP 8153A
182. velength dependence You use this to set the wavelength for an unknown source you alter the wavelength until the displayed attenuation matches the measured attenuation To set the function of the wavelength calibration data 1 Press SYST repeatedly until LAMBDCAL is shown at the bottom of the display 2 Select the wavelength calibration data function using the Modify keys Set LAMBDCAL to OFF so that the function of the wavelength calibration data is not visible to the user This keeps the attenuation value fixed and alters the filter position Set LAMBDCAL to ON to keep the filter position fixed and for the function of the wavelength calibration data to be visible to the user While it is ON LAMBDCAL is shown at the bottom left of the display U L CAL is shown if the USERCAL is also on Figure 5 1 The LAMBDCAL Indicator on the Display al al al L E ra PARAM AT g O g gogoo 0000 ooo oF Q ooo ooo ooo ooo a o oo ooo oO op oon FD oo Y Of of 0 dB o o poo00 0 0 00 o op o oo o o0 ooo oO ial o 0000 goo 0 pp goo goog jo Oo o0 8000 ial 0o00 00 o0 00 0o00 5 oo 0 oo 000o ooo g oOo e 5 5 50 of oo l f oo Oo oo 50 om0 80 Oooo 000 o0 0 6Oooooo coo oO ooo noo ooo Resetting the Function of the Wavelength Calibration Data To reset LAMBDCAL press and hold Syst until the value resets this takes approximately two seconds LAMBDCAL resets to OFF 68 NOTE Setting Up the System Select
183. weep If you have just set up your sweep then you only need to press EXEC to run the application If you have already set up the sweep and are currently operating the instrument as an attenuator 1 Press SWP and then 2 Press EXEC 50 Figure 3 4 Making an Attenuation Sweep The Manual Sweep Running the Automatic Sweep iat g o ooo ponon goog g o N NI am Z aar ites Ta 3 g g ai a oof pE 58 HR BB B E Bg Eso Eom Bam goo th Hoa i Pi a i i oo 4 Ea 5 Hooos Booo B a i a Doo B E E E ofo 5 B Poo If there is something wrong with a parameter if STEP is zero for example this parameter is shown on the display for editing Edit the parameter and press EXEC again Repeating the Sweep When the sweep is finished SWEEP READY is shown at the bottom of the display you can press EXEC to start it again Restarting the Sweep To restart the sweep at any time while it is running press EXEC 3 3 The Manual Sweep A manual sweep is one where stepping from one attenuation factor to the next is done by the user Setting Up a Manual Sweep There are three parameters for a manual sweep e START is the attenuation factor at which the sweep begins e STOP is the attenuation factor that ends the sweep If START and STEP are such that the sweep does not end exactly at STOP then the sweep ends at the immediately previous value 51 Making an Attenuation Sweep
184. y rubbing gently over the surface using a small circular movement 4 Blow away any remaining lint with compressed air An Alternative Procedure A better more gentle but more expensive cleaning procedure is to use an ultrasonic bath with isopropyl alcohol 1 Hold the tip of the connector in the bath for at least three minutes 2 Take a new dry soft tissue and remove the alcohol dissolved sediment and dust by rubbing gently over the surface using a small circular movement 3 Blow away any remaining lint with compressed air E 8 How to clean connector adapters Some adapters have an anti reflection coating on the back to reduce back reflection This coating is extremely sensitive to solvents and mechanical abrasion Extra care is needed when cleaning these adapters Preferred Procedure Use the following procedure on most occasions 259 CAUTION Cleaning Information How to clean connector interfaces 1 Clean the adapter by rubbing a new dry cotton swab over the surface using a small circular movement 2 Blow away any remaining lint with compressed air Procedure for Stubborn Dirt Use this procedure particularly when there is greasy dirt on the adapter 1 Moisten a new cotton swab with isopropyl alcohol 2 Clean the adapter by rubbing the cotton swab over the surface using a small circular movement 3 Take a new dry soft tissue and remove the alcohol dissolved sediment and dust by r
185. you may also require certain Additional Cleaning Equipment Standard Cleaning Equipment Before you can start your cleaning procedure you need the following standard equipment e Dust and shutter caps e Isopropyl alcohol e Cotton swabs e Soft tissues e Pipe cleaner e Compressed air 250 Cleaning Information What do I need for proper cleaning Dust and shutter caps All of Agilent Technologies lightwave instruments are delivered with either laser shutter caps or dust caps on the lightwave adapter Any cables come with covers to protect the cable ends from damage or contamination We suggest these protected coverings should be kept on the equipment at all times except when your optical device is in use Be careful when replacing dust caps after use Do not press the bottom of the cap onto the fiber too hard as any dust in the cap can scratch or pollute your fiber surface If you need further dust caps please contact your nearest Agilent Technologies sales office Isopropyl alcohol This solvent is usually available from any local pharmaceutical supplier or chemist s shop If you use isopropyl alcohol to clean your optical device do not immediately dry the surface with compressed air except when you are cleaning very sensitive optical devices This is because the dust and the dirt is solved and will leave behind filmy deposits after the alcohol is evaporated You should therefore first remove the alcohol and

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