GPS140HR GPS Positioning Module User`s Manual
Contents
1. 33 GES Receiver specifications ssssssoissssssistsocssissssps toi StS 33 Operational ciet timete na ee e ee e ine e t te b t EEEREN 33 RE Sipgnalenyironimentz oo RENDER RERO T UR al A POSEE 33 Environmental E op Ue PUE ODER ene ur o ede eun eee de dub 33 LUE Vd oec 33 GPS140HR Electromechanical sesso 34 CHAPTER 7 RETURN POLICY AND WARRANTUY erect tenent tentes 35 Return POM CY m C R 35 CHAPTER 8 LIMITED WARRANTY eren eerte nnnn entente sese se sanae sense snos ana 37 List of Illustrations amp Tables m cH IM A EI MAPPA Illustrations Fig 2 1 GPS140HR Board layout showing jumper locations Fig 2 2 Base address jumpers illustrating address 3F8h Fig 2 3 Interrupt jumpers from left to right IRQ 2 5 7 10 11 12 15 and G Fig 2 4 GPS receiver jumper blocks for configuration Fig 2 5 Antenna selection jumper block set for 5V antenna supply Fig 3 1 GPS140HR integrated in a RTD PC 104 cpuModule stack together with a HPWR104 and a CMM series cpuModule Fig 3 2 DGPS data input header connector Fig 3 3 Utility connector Fig 4 1 Block diagram of the GPS140HR Fig 4 2 1 PPS output indicator LED GPS140HR 6 RTD Embedded Technologies Inc GPS140HR Table 2 1 Factory configured jumper settings Table 2 2 Base address jumper settings GPS140HR Table 2 32. 11231 5 G jumperclosed Fig 2 1 GPS140HR Board layout showing jumper locations GPS140HR 12 RTD Embedded Technologies Inc Base address jumpers Factory setting 2E8h GPS140HR The GPS140HR is I O mapped into the memory space of your host XT AT The board occupies a consecutive memory window of 8 bytes starting from the base address The most common cause of failure when you are first setting up your module is address contention some of your computers I O space is already occupied by other devices and memory resident programs When the GPS140HR attempts to use it s own reserved memory addresses which are being already used by another peripheral device erratic performance may occur and the data read from the board may be corrupted To avoid this problem make sure you set up the base address by using the six jumpers on the right side of the board this allows you to choose from a number of different addresses n your host computer s I O map Should the factory installed setting of 38fh be incompatible to your system configuration you may change this setting to another using the options illustrated in Table 22 overleaf The table shows the jumper settings and their corresponding values in hexadecimal form Ensure that you verify the correct bcation of the base address jumpers When the jumper is removed it corresponds to a logical 0 connecting the jumper to a 1 When you set the base address of the module record
3. Data stored in SRAM or EEPROM determines message format host port communication settings and default mes sage set Zodiac NMEA 9600bps N 1 Table 2 3 GPS receiver configuration jumpers 0 jumper OFF 1 jumper closed GPS140HR 16 RTD Embedded Technologies Inc Antenna supply Factory setting 5V for active antenna Active GPS antennas require a supply to drive the antenna Typical standard supply voltages are 5V and 12V Note that in case you use a passive antenna the supply selection jumper must be removed Driving a passive antenna may cause permanent damage to the antenna oV 12V ANT V Fig 2 5 Antenna supply selection jumper block set for 5V antenna supply GPS140HR 17 RTD Embedded Technologies Inc Chapter 3 BOARD INSTALLATION The GPS140HR GPS module is designed to directly mount on top or under your RTD PC 104 cpuModule stack This chapter tells you step by step how to install your GPS140HR into your system Board installation Keep your board in its antistatic bag until you are ready to install it to your system When removing it from the bag hold the board at the edges and do not touch the components or connectors Please handle the board in an antistatic environment and use a grounded workbench for testing and handling of your hardware Before installing the board in your computer check the power cabling Failure to do so may cause the power supply unit to malfunction or even cause permanent damage G
4. and RXD lines of the UART are connected to the GPS receiver chip Pulse outputs 1 PPS output and LED A 1 PPS buffered TTL level output is generated by the GPS receiver module This output can be used by your OEM application for timing purposes When the receiver provides a valid navigation solution the rising edge of this signal is synchronized with the UTC one second epochs to within 300ns The receiver software produces a data message containing the UTC time associated with each time mark pulse This output signal is connected the 1S LED shown below in figure 4 2 1 Hz ol Fig 4 2 1PPS output indicator LED 10KHz output GPS140HR A 10KHz clock output that is synchronized to the UTC 1PPS output is also generated by the GPS140HR This signal can also be used for OEM timing purposes This signal is buffered with a HCT04 buffer 24 RTD Embedded Technologies Inc Fuses A 2A fuse yellow protects the GPS receiver from error conditions The active antenna is fused with a 125mA fuse green These fuses are on the left edge of the board GPS140HR 25 RTD Embedded Technologies Inc Chapter 5 BOARD OPERATION AND PROGRAMMING This chapter shows you how to program and use your GPS140HR It provides a general description of the I O map Detailed serial port programming tips are not within the scope of this manual Defining the Memory Map The memory map of the GPS140HR occupies eight bytes of host PC I O space This window
5. for one year following the date of shipment from RTD Embedded Technologies INC This warranty is limited to the original purchaser of product and is not transferable During the one year warranty period RTD Embedded Technologies will repair or replace at its option any defective products or parts at no additional charge provided that the product is returned shipping prepaid to RTD Embedded Technologies All replaced parts and products become the property of RTD Embedded Technologies Before returning any product for repair customers are required to contact the factory for an RMA number THIS LIMITED WARRANTY DOES NOT EXTEND TO ANY PRODUCTS WHICH HAVE BEEN DAMAGED AS A RESULT OF ACCIDENT MISUSE ABUSE such as use of incorrect input voltages improper or insufficient ventilation failure to follow the operating instructions that are provided by RTD Embedded Technologies acts of God or other contingencies beyond the control of RTD Embedded Technologies OR AS A RESULT OF SERVICE OR MODIFICATION BY ANYONE OTHER THAN RTD Embedded Technologies EXCEPT AS EXPRESSLY SET FORTH ABOVE NO OTHER WARRANTIES ARE EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO ANY IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND RTD Embedded Technologies EXPRESSLY DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES NOT STATED HEREIN ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES INCLUDING IMPLIED WARRANTIES FOR MECHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE LIMITED TO THE DURA
6. is freely selectable by the user as described in Chapter 2 Table 2 2 After setting the base address you have access to the internal resources of the GPS140HR control logic These resources are not described in detail since they are mapped as a standard PC serial port For more details on the EXAR ST16C550lJ44 UART chip programming please download the component specific data sheet from the manufacturers website http www exar com products st16c550 html ADDR REGISTER COMMENTS BASE Only if control reg Bit 7 0 Only if control reg Bit 7 0 BAUD div low Only if control reg Bit 7 1 BASE41 BAUD div high Only if control reg Bit 7 1 IRQ enable Only if control reg Bit 7 0 BASE44 Modem control BASE 6 Modem status Table 5 1 General I O map of the GPS140HR BASE Base Address GPS140HR 26 RTD Embedded Technologies Inc INTERRUPTS What is an interrupt An interrupt is an event that causes the processor in your computer to temporarily halt its current process and execute another routine Upon completion of the new routine control is returned to the original routine at the point where its execution was interrupted Interrupts are a very flexible way of dealing with asynchronous events Keyboard activity is a good example your computer cannot predict when you might press a key and it would be a waste of processor time to do nothing whilst waiting for a keystroke to occur Thus the interrupt scheme is used and the processor proc
7. operation when less than three satellites are available or when required by operating conditions Altitude information required for 2D operation is determined by the receiver or may be performed by your application software Communication to and from the receiver is performed through a serial channel that is connected to the onboard UART The receivers primary serial port outputs navigation data and accepts commands from the OEM application in NMEA 0183 format or Connexant binary message format The seondary serial port is configured to accept DGPS corrections in the RTCM SC 104 format A complete detailed description of the serial data interface is contained in the Conexant document ZODIAC GPS Receiver Family Designers Guide availabe on the web at http www conexant com The GPS140HR is factory preconfigured to operate in NMEA 0183 format ata datarate of 9600bps This manual is not designed to be a GPS handbook for a complete description on the GPS receiver TU30 D140 visit the rever manufacturers website for a complete description on the NMEA protocol you can visit http www nmea org The GPS receiver can operate from an active or passive GPS antenna to receive L1 band frequency GPS carrier signals Matsushita Automation Controls produces a complete range of GPS antennae to meet the ultra compact automotive heavy duty marine and extremely accurate survey and timing requirements The starter kit SK GPS140HR contains a VIC1 LP low profile
8. the setting inside the back cover of this manual 13 RTD Embedded Technologies Inc BASE ADDRESS JUMPER SETTINGS GPS140HR A8 A7 A6 A5 A4 A3 O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O i o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o h h h h h A A IMA eS ee h h A e A ee k Table 2 2 Base address jumper settings GPS140HR 0 JUMPER OFF 1 JUMPER CLOSED Note that this table shows decoding only the 4 high bits of the address Address jumpers A4 and A3 can be used for addresses not listed example Addr 2E8 011101 GPS140HR 14 RTD Embedded Technologies Inc AB Fig 2 2 Base address jumpers illustrating address 3F8h A8 is to the bottom A3 is located to the top of the jumper block Host interrupt Factory setting IRQ5 G closed Note GPS140HR The header connector shown in Figure 23 below lets you connect the onboard control logic interrupt outputs b one of the interrupt channels available on the host computer XT AT bus j 4 l i B ololol8lololololololole KD Fig 2 3 Interrupt jumpers from left to right IRQ 2 3 4 5 7 10 11 12 14 15 and G The GPS140HR hardware supports interrupt sharing Jumper G must be closed on one module per used interrupt For example if two boards share interrupt number 7 only one board may ha
9. 0 0 GPS1400 0 D QOOOUO0 Peen N O 0 024000000 GPS140HR GPS Positioning Module User s Manual T gU RTD Embedded Technologies Inc Real Time Devices Accessing the Analog World Lyon s pdf dzsc com GPS140HR 2 RTD Embedded Technologies Inc GPS140HR GPS Positioning Module User s Manual RTD Embedded Technologies INC 103 Innovation Blvd State College PA 16803 0906 Phone 1 814 234 8087 FAX 1 814 234 5218 E mail sales rtd com techsupport rtd com web site http www rtd com GPS140HR 3 RTD Embedded Technologies Inc Revision History 12 08 2000 HW Release 1 1 Preliminary version released 18 08 2000 Rev A New manual naming method Published by RTD Embedded Technologies Inc 103 Innovation Blvd State College PA 16803 0906 Copyright 1999 2002 2003 by RTD Embedded Technologies Inc All rights reserved Printed in U S A The RTD Logo is a registered trademark of RTD Embedded Technologies cpuModule and utilityModule are trademarks of RTD Embedded Technologies PhoenixPICO and PheonixPICO BIOS are trademarks of Phoenix Technologies Ltd PS 2 PC XT PC AT and IBM are trademarks of International Business Machines Inc MS DOS Windows Windows 95 Windows 98 and Windows NT are trademarks of Microsoft Corp PC 104 is a registered trademark of PC 104 Consortium All other trademarks appearing in this document are the property of their respective owners GPS140HR 4 RTD Embe
10. GPS receiver configuration jumpers Table 2 3 GPS receiver configuration jumpers Table 3 1 Pin outs of the GPS receiver interface connector Table 3 2 Pin out of DGPS input header connector Table 3 3 Utility connector pin out Table 5 1 General I O map of the GPS140HR RTD Embedded Technologies Inc Chapter 1 INTRODUCTION This user s manual describes the operation of the RTD GPS140HR integrated global positioning system GPS positioning module ideal for mobile marine aviation and automotive applications Features Some of the key features of the GPS140HR include Direct connection to GPS Receiver module True NMEA 0183 data protocol version 2 01 also binary output 12 satellite parallel tracking GPS receiver with fast response Differential GPS support with external correction source Onboard UART with flexible I O and IRQ selection Supports passive and active antennas with 5V or 12V supply OSX MSX antenna connector 1 PPS time mark output as well as 10KHz clock Backup battery to store GPS receiver data while powered off Status LED indicating 1 PPS time mark and GPS activity Wide operating temperature range 40 to 85C Fully PC 104 compliant The following paragraphs briefly describe the major features of the GPS140HR A more detailed discussion is included in Chapter 4 Hardware description The boards installation is described in Chapter 2 Board Installation GPS receiver The GPS140HR Global Positioning System GP
11. PC 104 form factor An easy mechanical interface to both PC 104 and RTD DAN systems can be achieved Stack your GPS140HR directly on a PC 104 compatible CPU module using the onboard mounting holes and standoffs Connector description The GPS receiver antenna interface is an OSX type miniature coaxial connector Connect your antenna directly to the GPS140HR antenna connector or use a short cable inside your enclosure to connect to a feed through connector to allow connection of the antenna to the wall of your enclosure All I O connections are made using header type terminals What comes with your board GPS140HR Your GPS140HR package contains the following items GPS 140HR board Software disk with some example programs User s manual Additional software and drivers can be downloaded from our website If any item is missing or damaged please send an EMAIL to Real Time Devices Finland sales service department at lt sales ridfinland fi gt 9 RTD Embedded Technologies Inc Note that RTD embedded Technologies Inc also can offer a GPS104HR starter kit that will include an active antenna with ready cables for direct evaluation and testing of this module The part number for this starter kit is SK GPS140HR Using this manual This manual is intended to help you install your new GPS140HR module and get it working quickly while also providing enough detail about the board and it s functions so that you can enjoy maximum use of it s
12. RATION AND PROGRAMMING nennt 26 Defining the Memory Ere 26 I UD UU IEEE 27 W Hatas an i terrupe oavcvecscies M 27 Interrupt request lines s uere IR MP EUREN E ERR n e RO B Re d teet RR 27 8259 Programmable Interrupt Controller eese esent tenente tenente tette tenente teen entente tenentes 21 Interrupt Mask Register IMR End of Interrupt EOI Command What exactly happens when an interrupt occurs esssssssesseeeetete netten tenente nter enne tenen tenente 28 GPS140HR 5 RTD Embedded Technologies Inc Using Interrupts in your Program sees tenente ettet te tenent ntnte tenente ettet tenen enne tenen tenenens 28 Writing an Interrupt Service Routine ISR essent tenente te tenente teet ten entente enis 29 Your ISR should have the following structure esses enete tette tenente tenente eene tentent 30 Saving the Startup Interrupt Mask Register IMR and interrupt vector 30 Common Interrupt mistakes rote eerte tbe eie erepti e eiae ie a p reris tet ics 31 Example on Interrupt vector table setup in C code eee eee ceseseseceseseeeecessaeaesnesesessesecscseeseusasatanesesessenseseeaseseees 32 CHAPTER 6 GPS140HR SPECIFICATIONS esee rente tente tentes 33 Host interface
13. S board uses for the satellite signal reception data processing a miniature OEM GPS receiver module specially designed for the most demanding applications This low power receiver outputs ASCll character based NMEA 0183 data protocol or alternatively a binary message protocol format The used data protocol can be selected with a jumper Special features of the GPS receiver include 12 channel parallel tracking channels and a fast acquisition and reacquisition response Powerful algorithms ensure reliable operation in dense vegetation or in urban canyon environments GPS140HR 8 RTD Embedded Technologies Inc 16C550 compatible UART Communication to the GPS receiver module is performed through a standard UART channel This onboard serial port leaves the other system serial ports free for the user All operating systems will recognize and support this 167550 standard UART and therefore no special communication drivers are needed to receive data from your GPS receiver The address and interrupt of your serial channel can be changed with the onboard jumpers O interfaces The GPS140HR can be controlled and monitored from the software through the dedicated serial port of the module A special I O connector is available for the user to connect to the GPS 1 PPS time mark as well as a precise 10KHz timing clock signal Also the active antenna supply of 12V can be fed through the I O connector Mechanical description The GPS140HR is designed on a
14. TION OF THIS WARRANTY IN THE EVENT THE PRODUCT IS NOT FREE FROM DEFECTS AS WARRANTED ABOVE THE PURCHASER S SOLE REMEDY SHALL BE REPAIR OR REPLACEMENT AS PROVIDED ABOVE UNDER NO CIRCUMSTANCES WILL RTD Embedded Technologies BE LIABLE TO THE PURCHASER OR ANY USER FOR ANY DAMAGES INCLUDING ANY INCIDENTAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES EXPENSES LOST PROFITS LOST SAVINGS OR OTHER DAMAGES ARISING OUT OF THE USE OR INABILITY TO USE THE PRODUCT SOME STATES DO NOT ALLOW THE EXCLUSION OR LIMITATION OF INCIDENTALOR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES FOR CONSUMER PRODUCTS AND SOME STATES DO NOT ALLOW LIMITATIONS ON HOW LONG AN IMPLIED WARRANTY LASTS SO THE ABOVE LIMITATIONS OR EXCLUSIONS MAY NOT APPLY TO YOU THIS WARRANTY GIVES YOU SPECIFIC LEGAL RIGHTS AND YOU MAY ALSO HAVE OTHER RIGHTS WHICH VARY FROM STATE TO STATE GPS140HR 37 RTD Embedded Technologies Inc GPS140HR RTD Embedded Technologies Inc 103 Innovation Blvd State College PA 16803 0906 USA Our website www rtd com 38 RTD Embedded Technologies Inc
15. antenna This is a 5V active antenna with a power consumption of 25mA max and it will operate from 40 to 100C Typical cable connections are made with OSX SMA and SMB connections If you connect the antenna directly to your GPS receiver without a feed through connector through your enclosure wall you can select an antenna with an OSX connector to plug into the OSX plug on your receiver module Visit http www mac europe com for information on GPS antennae 23 RTD Embedded Technologies Inc UART channel GPS data is sent to the host from the receiver through a standard 16C550 compatible UART All today s operating systems will recognize and support this serial communication device The GPS140HR uses its own onboard serial port and will not reserve serial port resources from the system The I O base address and interrupt for this serial port can be flexibly set as has been described in previous chapters of this manual This user s manual will not wade into details of serial port programming this information is commonly available today You can use any communication software package or terminal program to connect to your GPS140HR UART Just make sure you set up the I O and IRQ right ASCII data will start coming out every second from the GPS receiver onto the screen The UART on the board is specified for full operation from 40 to 85C The oscillator frequency is set 1 8432MHz The UART is connected as a NULL MODEM device only the TXD
16. ay mean that other important interrupts are not serviced Also if you spend too long in your ISR it may be called again before you have exited This will lead to your computer hanging up and will require a reboot Your ISR should have the following structure Push any processor registers used in your ISR Most C compiler do this automatically Put the body of your routine here Clear the interrupt bit by reading GPS140HR RXD register Issue the EOI command to the 8259 by writing 20h to address 20h Pop all registers Most C compilers do this automatically The following C example shows what the shell of your ISR should be like GPS140HR Yh ee SS ee eee Ee ae ee Se ee ee a Function new IRQ handler Inputs Nothing Returns Nothing E eS Ow BR void interrupt far new_IRQ_handler void IRQ_flag 1 Indicate to main process interrupt has occurred Your program code to read UART data put here read to a data buffer for example Guc_buffer Gi_bufpos inp gi SERIAL DATA j outp 0x20 0x20 Acknowledge the interrupt controller Saving the Startup Interrupt Mask Register IMR and interrupt vector The next step after writing the ISR is to save the startup state of the interrupt mask register IMR and the original interrupt vector you are using The IMR is located in address 21h The interrupt vector you will be using is located in the interrupt vector table which is an array o
17. battery is connected The 1PPS and 10KHz outputs are buffered using HCT04 buffers The SER OUT signal present in pin 23 is the TTL level output of the GSP receiver You may use this to connect to other devices in your system that mat need GPS information GPS140HR 21 RTD Embedded Technologies Inc Chapter 4 HARDWARE DESCRIPTION This chapter describes the major hardware building blocks of the GPS140HR The GPS receiver module Antenna UART channel Pulse outputs Fuses 12 CHANNEL GPS SATELLITE RECEIVER FC IO4 BUS ADDRESS DECODER Fig 4 1 Block diagram of the GPS140HR GPS140HR 22 RTD Embedded Technologies Inc The GPS receiver module Antenna GPS140HR A 12 channel parallek tracking GPS receiver provides fast Time To First Fix TTFF under all startup conditions While the best TTFF performance is achieved when the time of day and current position estimates are provided by the receiver the flexible signal acquisitions system takes advantage of the available information to provide fast TTFF Acquisition is guaranteed under all initialization conditions as long as visible satellites are not obscured To minimize the TTFF when primary system power is off the GPS140HR maintains the SRAM and the Real Time Clock RTC using the onboard battery In this case the shortest TTFF is achieved by using the RTC time data and prior position data stored in the receivers SRAM The receiver supports 2D
18. ctions or functions that call DOS functions from an interrupt routine DOS is not re entrant that is a DOS function cannot call itself In typical programming this will not happen because of the way DOS is written But what about using interrupts Consider then the following situation in your program If DOS function X is being executed when an interrupt occurs and the interrupt routine makes a call to the same DOS function X then function X is essentially being called while active Such cases will cause the computer to crash DOS does not support such operations The general rule is that do not call any functions that use the screen read keyboard input or any file I O routines these should not be used in ISR s The same problem of re entrancy also exists for many floating point emulators This effectively means that you should also avoid floating point mathematical operations in your ISR Note that the problem of reentrancy exists no matter what programming language you use Even if you are writing your ISR in Assembly language DOS and many floating point emulators are not re entrant Of course there are ways to avoid this problem such as those which activate when your ISR is called Such solutions are however beyond the scope of this manual 29 RTD Embedded Technologies Inc The second major concern when writing ISR s is to make them as short as possible in term of execution time Spending long times in interrupt service routines m
19. dded Technologies Inc TABLE OF CONTENTS CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION crate cozciccscnas etra nca adscrito bunacn 8 CAGES ERN RR CPPIAPERNER 8 16C550 compatible VAR T eec 9 TLODI TUEA t E e etos MEER KU P NE M M E T RR RUMP E 9 Mechanical description er M 9 Connector CESCHIPUON saissisiscssossasusesnsstnsssstsconsasetesvonsdscesessusseess nsdossnssshosessashsndnduetsgie SUL STES iv ise vivida codecs et abus EOS OE booe PEE ERE ei DU De DERE pO 9 What comes wi th your D0 ard EPI 9 Usms this manual ees vecttere sescos sonssieonon ot conn snauacononanssshoundsconauasdeonsncendongnassione sunssissusnasobonshasaienoussesonunssssuoeseossudecsnseunesssbonsease 10 When youmeed help 5 eror cesnsccuswnnsedunnsesdonstons covnbocesshsundsecunssetonssesesoss Sasasa SO PESTA PRENS SEES STEES suntesonns dessoscesebene E Sai 10 CHAPTER 2 BOARD SETTINGG s sssssssssessssessesessessesessessransatsnraceateneansatsneaesnseesoes 11 Factory Configured Jumper Settings sccsssssscsssssssssssesssssssesssssssesssesssesssssesessscesessssesesssesesessssesesssesesesssesesessseseseseeeseses 12 Base address jumpers Factory setting 2E8h sssscsssssssssesesesssesssssssessssseseessesesessssesesssesesessssesesssesssesssesesesssesesessseseses 13 Host int
20. e pushed onto the stack before anything else Second just before exiting the routine you must clear the interrupt on the GPS140HR by writing to the Status register and write the EOI command to the interrupt controller Finally when exiting the interrupt routine the processor registers must be popped from the system stack and you must execute the IRET assembly instruction This instruction pops the CS IP and processor flags from the system stack These were pushed onto the stack when entering the ISR Most compilers allow you to identify a function as an interrupt type and will automatically add these instructions to your ISR with one exception most compilers do not automatically add the EOI command to the function you must do it yourself Other than this and a few exceptions discussed below you can write your ISR as any code routine It can call other functions and procedures in your program and it can access global data If you are writing your first ISR we recommend you stick to the basics just something that enables you to verify you have entered the ISR and executed it E For example set a flag in your ISR and in your main program check for the flag Note If you choose to write your ISR in in line Assembly you must push and pop registers correctly and exit the routine with the IRET instruction instead of the RET instruction There are a few precautions you must consider when writing ISR s The most important is do not use any DOS fun
21. ect 7 NMEA_SEL 8 ROM_SEL 9 No Connect 10 GND 11 SER_OUT 12 SER IN 13 GND 14 No Connect 15 DIFF GPS IN 16 GND 17 GND 18 GND 19 1 PPS 20 10KHz Table 3 1 Pin outs of the GPS receiver interface connector GPS140HR 19 RTD Embedded Technologies Inc Differential GPS signal input connector J1 Differential GPS correction signal can be connected to your GPS140HR for exact precise positioning using the RTCM SC 04 differential signal source The signal levels on this input are RS232 The connector pinout is shown below in figure 3 2 and table 3 2 Jlooooo 10000 DIFF IN Fig 3 2 DGPS Data input header connector DESC N C DGPS_IN N C N C GND Table 3 2 Pin out of DGPS input header connector GPS140HR 20 RTD Embedded Technologies Inc Utility O header connector J3 External power and I O signals connect to your GPS140HR through header connector J3 The connector pinout is shown below in figure 3 3 and table 3 3 Do O O O O O O O O Jj Fig 3 3 Utility connector DESC DESC 45V 12V for antenna SER OUT 1 PPS output SER IN 10KHz output BATT in 3 6V GND GND GND Table 3 3 Utility connector pin out In case you are using a 12V active antenna you must either have a 12V present from the PC 104 bus or you can supply it through pin 2 of the utility connector The 3 6V battery input pin 7 may be used in case you do not use the onboard battery for GPS SRAM backup Do not supply this pin if the
22. eeds with other tasks When a keystroke finally occurs the keyboard then interrupts the processor so that it can get the keyboard data It then places it into the memory and then returns to what it was doing before the nterrupt occurred Other common devices that use interrupts are A D boards network boards other used serial ports etc Your GPS140HR can interrupt the main processor when a satellite navigation data message is received You can write powerful code to interface to your GPS140HR when you use interrupts Interrupt request lines To allow different peripheral devices to generate interrupts on the same computer the PC AT bus has interrupt request channels IRQ s A rising edge transition on one of these lines will be latched into the interrupt controller The interrupt controller checks to see if the interrupts are to be acknowledged from that IRQ and if another interrupt is being processed it decides if the new request should supercede the one in progress or if it has to wait until the one in progress has been completed The priority level of the interrupt is determined by the number of the IRQ as follows IRQO has the highest priority whilst IRQ15 has the lowest Many of the IRQ s are already used by the standard system resources IRQO is dedicated to the internal timer IRQ1 is dedicated to the keyboard input IRQ3 for the serial port COM2 and IRQA for the serial port COMI Often interrupts 2 5 7 10 11 and 15 are free for the us
23. eneral installation guidelines e Touch the grounded metal housing of your computer to discharge any e antistatic buildup and then remove the board from its antistatic bag Hold the board by the edges and install it in an enclosure or place it on the table on an antistatic surface e Install your board in your system and wire the power supply correctly e Failure to do so may cause the power supply unit to malfunction or even cause permanent damage to the device e Check all wiring connections once and then once more again e Check the antenna supply voltage and configure X1 correctly e Connect the GPS antenna to the OSX connector on the receiver module e Apply power to your system this will automatically initialize your GPS receiver a blinking LED indicates activity of the GPS receiver and messages being sent GPS140HR 18 RTD Embedded Technologies Inc Hmm I ous IL tre wo DD e n EST ll cuMeeeecx2ss s2 Fig 3 1 GPS140HR integrated in a RTD PC 104 cpuModule stack together with a HPWR104 power supply module and a CMM series cpuModule GPS receiver connector The table 3 1 below shows the pin outs of the GPS receiver interface This interface is compatible with the majority of GPS receivers in the same form factor The OEM GPS receiver connects to this 2mm female socket connector with pins facing the PCB PIN Description PIN Description 1 Antenna V 2 GPS 5V supply 3 3 6V battery backup 4 No Connect 5 GPS RESET 6 No Conn
24. er 8259 Programmable Interrupt Controller GPS140HR The chip responsible for handling interrupt requests in a PC is the 8259 Interrupt Controller To use interrupts you will need to know how to read and set the 8259 s internal interrupt mask register IMR and how to send the end of interrupt EOI command to acknowedge the 8259 interrupt controller 27 RTD Embedded Technologies Inc Interrupt Mask Register IMR Each bit in the interrupt mask register IMR contains the mask status of the interrupt line If a bit is set equal to 1 then the corresponding IRQ is masked and it will not generate an interrupt If a bit is cleared equal to 0 then the corresponding IRQ is not masked and it can then generate an interrupt The interrupt mask register is programmed through port 21h End of Interrupt EOI Command After an interrupt service routine is complete the 8259 Interrupt Controller must be acknowledged by writing the value 20h to port 20h What exactly happens when an interrupt occurs Understanding the sequence of events when an interrupt is triggered is necessary to correctly write interrupt handlers When an interrupt request line is driven high by a peripheral device such as the GPS140HR the interrupt controller checks to see if interrupts are enabled for that IRQ It then checks to see if other interrupts are active or requested and determines which interrupt has priority The interrupt controller then interrupts the
25. errupt Factory setting IRQ5 G closed reete tt tet tne teoa tnit esit evt susensonsesaosnasasssbseecdeausessassnseses 15 GPS configuration Factory setting ROM disabled NMEA eere eere esee entes ee ene en en sne senta ene ntn satu en enea suenan eue 16 CHAPTER 3 BOARD INSTALLATION rere tentent tete tnter tn tnesensn n 18 Board installation 5 bec sere sovssousasoenvsnntotonounsesonosdessoosvesseosensudess unacsoubunoseousnacoenosnesd gonnendgeonosaessbivuetoehesacsessnscetsonsast9 18 General installation guidelities in eee e HERO te EG UOCE EO D Dated 18 GPS receiver COMME CEO gx M 19 Utility VO header connector 3 5 5 IR egeeresie veste pe ostito toS o ep SEIS ooe Eno Eist eso SS oE SSE ESTS oaeo ESOO OST iSS 21 CHAPTER 4 HARDWARE DESCRIPTION eerte ntennte nnne 22 Antenna WARD Chanel si5 iscccsscsessseossnteossnseseos sh otcvestovasedusnsntvon seau tonnusubcsuaubssigusnanstonstnesese suatosennsadesgusnsssvonanadcansacnascausuaesssboseseunsacsesesuatebsssuesses 24 Pulse Gut Puts ninae ssousstese scevon shsis cshsunubsovonot eo Siseron TESES ESTO SEESE See iso oTi E SE S ooa Soa Sason Sosi SoN EEE Soe Sraa S 24 1 PPS output and LED 0050s Ag Siesta UR A RS UAR UU ERE RU BR RUE E E 24 IOKHZ output oreet RE OI HERE RR DRE REIECTA ND terete lees 24 BUSES E 25 CHAPTER 5 BOARD OPE
26. f pointers addresses and it is locate din the first 1024 bytes of the memory Segment 0 offset 0 You can read this value directly but it is better practice to use DOS function 35h get interrupt vector to do this Most C compilers have a special function available for doing this The vectors for the hardware interrupts on the XT bus are vectors 8 15 where IRQO uses vector 8 and IRQ7 uses vector 15 Thus if your GPS140HR is using IRQ5 it corresponds to vector number 13 30 RTD Embedded Technologies Inc GPS140HR Before you install your ISR temporarily mask out the IRQ you will be using This prevents the IRQ from requesting an interrupt while you are installing and initializing your ISR To mask the IRQ read the current IMR at I O port 21h and set the bit that corresponds to the IRQ The IMR is arranged so that bit 0 is for IRQO and bit 7 is for IRQ7 See the paragraph entitled Interrupt Mask Register IMR earlier in this discussion for help in determining your IRQ s bit After setting the bit write the new value to I O port 21h With the startup IMR saved and the interrupts temporarily disabled you can assign the interrupt vector to point to your ISR Again you can overwrite the appropriate entry in the vector table with a direct memory write but this is not recommended Instead use the DOS function 25h Set Interrupt Vector or if your compiler provides it the library routine for setting up interrupt vectors Remember that inter
27. features even in the most demanding applications When you need help GPS140HR This manual and all the example programs will provide you with enough information to fully utilize all the features on this board If you have any problems installing or using this board contact our Technical support department at lt techsupport rtdfinland fi gt When sending us an Email request please include the following information Your company s name and address your name your telephone number and a brief description of the problem 10 RTD Embedded Technologies Inc Chapter 2 BOARD SETTINGS The GPS140HR board has jumper settings which can be changed to suit your application and host computer configuration The factory settings are listed and shown in the diagram at the beginning of this chapter Make sure you completely study and understand this chapter before making changed to these settings GPS140HR 11 RTD Embedded Technologies Inc Factory Configured Jumper Settings Table 2 1 below illustrates the factory jumper setting for the GPS140HR Figure 2 1 shows the board layout of the GPS140HR and the locations of the jumpers The following paragraphs explain how to change the factory jumper settings to suit your specific application Table 2 1 Factory configured jumper settings Please see figure 21 below for more detailed locations BASE BaseAddes 6 2E8 IRQ Host interrupt
28. ing Returns Nothing Purpose Restore the interrupt vector table void restore void Restore the old vectors disable dos setvect IRQ1 VECTOR 8 old IRQ1 handler outp 0x21 Gi old mask enable 32 RTD Embedded Technologies Inc Chapter 6 GPS140HR SPECIFICATIONS Host interface 16 bit PC 104 bus XT bus used GPS Receiver specifications Operational GPS receiver Connexant Jupiter TU D140 Update rate Once per second Reacquisition 2s typical with a 10s blockage RTCM SC 104 differential compatibility Direct connection to RS232 input Serial data output protocols NMEA 0183 Connexant binary Power requirement 5V preamplifier passthrough up to 12V for active antenna RF Signal environment RF input 1575 42MHz L1 band at levels 130dBW and 163dBW Connector OSX high retention female conn Burnout protection 10dBW signal with a bandwidth of 10MHz centered about the L1 carrier frequency Environmental Cooling Convection Operating temperature 40 to 85C Humidity RH up to 95 non condensing Altitude 1000 to 60 000 ft Maximum Vehicle Dynamic 500m s acquisition and navigation Vibration Survival 18G peak UART UART compatibility 16C550 Oscillator frequency 1 8432MHz Connection Null Modem Base addresses Interrupts 2 3 4 5 7 10 11 12 14 and 15 GPS140HR 33 RTD Embedded Technologies Inc Fuses GPS receiver 2A Active antenna 125mA GPS140HR Electromechanical Operat
29. ing temperature range 40 to 85 C Humidity RH up to 95 non condensing Altitude 1000 to 30 000 ft GPS140HR 34 RTD Embedded Technologies Inc Chapter 7 RETURN POLICY AND WARRANTY Return Policy If you wish to return a product to the factory for service please follow this procedure Read the Limited Warranty to familiarize yourself with our warranty policy Contact the factory for a Return Merchandise Authorization RMA number Please have the following available Complete board name Board serial number A detailed description of the board s behavior List the name of a contact person familiar with technical details of the problem or situation along with their phone and fax numbers address and e mail address if available List your shipping address Indicate the shipping method you would like used to return the product to you We will not ship by next day service without your pre approval Carefully package the product using proper anti static packaging Write the RMA number in large 1 letters on the outside of the package Return the package to RTD Embedded Technologies Inc 103 Innovation Blvd State College PA 16803 0906 USA GPS140HR 35 RTD Embedded Technologies Inc GPS140HR 36 RTD Embedded Technologies Inc Chapter 8 LIMITED WARRANTY RTD Embedded Technologies Inc warrants the hardware and software products it manufactures and produces to be free from defects in materials and workmanship
30. processor The current code segment CS instruction pointer IP and flags are pushed onto the system stack and a new set if CS and IP are loaded from the lowest 1024 bytes of memory This table is referred to as the interrupt vector table and each entry to this table is called an interrupt vector Once the new CS and IP are loaded from the interrupt vector table the processor starts to execute code from the new Code Segment CS and from the new Instruction Pointer IP When the interrupt routine is completed the old CS and IP are popped from the system stack and the program execution continues from the point where interruption occurred Using Interrupts in your Program GPS140HR Adding interrupt support to your program is not as difficult as it may seem especially when programming under DOS The following discussion will cover programming under DOS Note that even the smallest mistake in your interrupt program may cause the computer to hang up and will only restart after a reboot This can be frustrating and time consuming 28 RTD Embedded Technologies Inc Writing an Interrupt Service Routine ISR GPS140HR The first step in adding interrupts to your software is to write an interrupt service routine ISR This is the routine that will be executed automatically each time an interrupt request occurs for the specified IRQ An ISR is different from other sub routines or procedures First on entrance the processor registers must b
31. rupt vector 8 corresponds to IRQO vector 9 for IRQ1 etc If you need to program the source of your interrupts do that next For example if you are using transmitted or received messages as an interrupt source program it to do that Finally clear the mask bit for your IRQ in the IMR This will enable your IRQ Common Interrupt mistakes Remember hardware interrupts are from 8 15 XT IRQ s are numbered 0 7 Do not forget to clear the IRQ mask bit in the IMR Forgetting to send the EOI command after ISR code Disables further interrupts 31 RTD Embedded Technologies Inc GPS140HR Example on Interrupt vector table setup in C code void far interrupt new_IRQ1_handler void ISR function prototype define IRQ1 VECTOR 3 Name for IRQ void interrupt far old IRQ1 dispatcher es ds di si bp sp bx dx cx ax ip cs flags Variable to store old IRQ Vector void far interrupt new IRQ1 hanaler void Function init irg handlers Inputs Nothing Returns Nothing Purpose Set the pointers in the interrupt table to point to our funtions ie setup for ISR s void init_irq_handlers void disable old IRQ1 handler dos getvect IRQ1 VECTOR 8 dos setvect IRQ1 VECTOR 8 new IRQ1 handler Gi old mask inp 0x21 outp 0x21 Gi old mask amp 1 lt lt IRQ1_VECTOR enable Function restore do this before exiting program Inputs Noth
32. ve the G jumper closed The G jumper connects a 1KOhm resistor to ground while the shared interrupts are 3 stated pulling the line to an inactive level 15 RTD Embedded Technologies Inc GPS configuration Factory setting ROM disabled NMEA The three jumper blocks illustrated below let you configure the mode of operation of your GPS receiver module The topmost jumper is the GPS receiver hardware reset the ROM jumper configures whether settings fom the EEPPROM are used during startup or not NMEA jumper sets the protocol mode of the receiver Table 23 describes in detail the operation of these jumpers Note that if you change the jumper settings for ROM or NMEA you should perform a reset of the receiver by closing the contacts of the RST jumper for the changes to take effect RST O O ROM G O NMEA O O Fig 2 4 GPS receiver jumper blocks for configuration NMEA ROM RESULT JUMPER JUMPER 0 0 NMEA message format communication at 4800bps NO parity 8 data 1 stop The receiver operates from default initialization values stored in ROM and will output default NMEA message set from ROM NMEA message format communication at 4800bps NO parity 8 data 1 stop The receiver selects the default NMEA output message set and uses initialization values from the data stored in SRAM or EEPROM Binary message format communication at 9600bps NO parity 8 data 1 stop The receiver operates from default initialization values stored in ROM
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