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1. Wireless Network In general the 21XX Universal Access Point forwards data between end devices and the wired network Note that the 2100 and the 2101 offer the same access point functionality and are interchangeable in your network You should install the 2100 where certain environmental factors are a concern and you should install the 2101 where environmental packaging is not required The UAP supports a variety of network configurations Using a UAP in a Simple Wireless Network You can use the UAP to extend your existing Ethernet network to include wireless nodes The UAP connects directly to your wired network and the end devices form an INCA network that functions as a wireless extension of the wired LAN In a simple wireless network a single UAP on the wired network serves as a transparent bridge between the wired network and end devices The end devices communicate exclusively with devices on the wired network and do not communicate with other end devices For information about configuring the UAP for your network see Chapter 2 Installing and Configuring the UAP 21XXT004 eps 1 7 21 Universal Access Point Technical Reference Manual 1 8 Using Multiple UAPs and Roaming End Devices For larger or more complex environments you can install multiple UAPs so that end devices can roam from one UAP to another When you use multiple UAPs they establish coverage areas or cells similar to those of a cellular phone
2. Technical Reference Manual 2IXX Universal Access Point fatermec A UNOVA Compa Intermec Technologies Corporation 6001 36th Avenue West P O Box 4280 Everett WA 98203 9280 U S service and technical support 1 800 755 5505 U S media supplies ordering information 1 800 227 9947 Canadian service and technical support 1 800 688 7043 Canadian media supplies ordering information 1 800 268 6936 Outside U S and Canada Contact your local Intermec service supplier The information contained herein is proprietary and is provided solely for the purpose of allowing customers to operate and or service Intermec manufactured equipment and is not to be released reproduced or used for any other purpose without written permission of Intermec Information and specifications in this manual are subject to change without notice O 1999 by Intermec Technologies Corporation Rights Reserved The word Intermec the Intermec logo Application Independent INCA INCA TP Network Independent Radio Independent UDP Plus Universal Access Point Universal Office Access Point and WARP Server are either trademarks or registered trademarks of Intermec Throughout this manual trademarked names may be used Rather than put a trademark or symbol in every occurrence of a trademarked name we state that we are using the names only in an editorial fashion and to the benefit of the trademark owner with no intention of infringement
3. If the UAP was assigned specific IP values and no DHCP or BOOTP server was used note the values in the IP Address IP Subnet Mask and IP Router fields Choose the Review write Changes command The Summary of Changes screen appears Click Defaults to load the factory defaults When the Operation Complete screen appears click Back Choose the Return to menus command Choose the Network Configuration command Reset either the DHCP parameters or the IP parameters using the values you noted in Step 1 Click Submit Changes When the Operation Complete screen appears click Back Choose the Review write Changes command The Summary of Changes screen appears Confirm that your changes appear Click Commit When the Operation Complete screen appears click Back Choose the Reboot command Your UAP reboots with the factory default settings and your network parameters Maintenance and Troubleshooting Maintenance and Troubleshooting This chapter describes the commands on the Maintenance menu and the status of the LEDs during the boot process It also includes information on troubleshooting the radios Some commonly asked technical support questions and answers are provided as well as information about how to obtain help Understanding the Maintenance Menu From the Maintenance menu you can perform a variety of functions such as changing your password viewing the devices that are connected to your UAP and resetting your UA
4. You can also configure a UAP as a repeater or wireless access point WAP AWAP requires no Ethernet connection it receives data from an end device and forwards it to an access point A WAP is useful in areas that do not support a wired network connection 9 Q sige od 2101 2100 UAP The 2101 Universal Office Access Point is a high performance access point that features a streamlined case designed for the office environment The 2100 Universal Access Point features a sealed case that meets IP 54 standards It is designed for industrial environments and for placement outdoors Options include an integrated heater for use in environments that experience temperature fluctuations that drop below freezing A heater insulated bag option is also available for use in environments that maintain constant cold temperatures such as cold storage facilities 1 3 21 Universal Access Point Technical Reference Manual Note The model 2110 WAP has been discontinued The WAP functionality is now available in the 2100 and 2101 UAPs Features of the UAP 1 4 The 21XX Universal Access Point supports a variety of wireless technologies and allows easy software and hardware upgrades Some of the features of the UAP are described here High Performance The UAP includes a state of the art RISC processor that meets current data requirements and will support future high speed wired and wireless LAN technologies Th
5. Check for DIX IP frame type in this example Check two bytes for an exact match Compare the value at the offset to the value specified on the Filter Values menu to see if they are equal If the value at the offset equals the specified value from the Filter Values menu the frame is DIX IP in this example Use the value from the Filter Values menu whose value ID is 1 If this filter expression is true continue to the next expression The following menu shows the third filter expression Bridge Configuration Filters Ethernet Advanced Filtering Filter Exp 1 ExprSeq 3 Offset 6 Mask ffffffffffff Op NE Value ID 3 Action Drop Configuring the Bridging Parameters b The following table explains the third filter expression Parameter Value Explanation ExprSeq 3 This is the third expression Offset 6 The data for this expression begins at an offset of 6 bytes from the beginning of the destination address Check the source Ethernet address in this example Mask ffffffffffff Check six bytes for an exact match OP NE Compare the value at the offset to the value specified on the Filter Values menu to see if they are not equal Compare the source Ethernet address with the list of Ethernet addresses from the Filter Values menu Value ID 3 Use the value from the Filter Values menu whose value ID is 3 Action Drop If the source Ethernet address does not match any address included in the list on the
6. Configuring the Ports f Fragment Size Fragments are created when errors occur in transmission The Fragment Size parameter determines the maximum fragment size that can be sent over this radio during interference You may want to set a smaller fragment size if your environment has a high level of interference You can set fragment size to a value from 1 to 1540 The default is 310 Transmit Mode This parameter modulates the transmit signal and sets the bits per second The transmit mode settings are BFSK Binary Frequency Shift Transmits at 0 8 Mbps Data is transmitted by Keying shifting between 2 frequencies to represent 1 bit of O or 1 BFSK has extended range over QFSK at the expense of throughput QFSK Quadrature Frequency Shift Transmits at 1 6 Mbps Data 15 transmitted by Keying shifting among four frequencies to represent 2 bits of O or 1 QFSK has better throughput than BFSK at the expense of range AUTO default Automatically adapts the bit rate to the error conditions The transmit mode is automatically selected for the best range and throughput Norm Ack Retry This parameter controls the number of times an unfragmented frame 1s resent unsuccessfully before fragmenting You can set normal acknowledge retry to a value from 1 to 255 The default is 255 which allows the radio to choose an optimal value The norm ack retry count includes the norm QFSK retry count therefore norm ack retry should be greater than norm
7. Range Frequency band Radio type Radio power output 2100 2101 1 6 Mbps 15 Up to 150 m 500 ft indoors Up to 300 m 1 000 ft outdoors 2 4 to 2 5 GHz world wide Frequency hopping spread spectrum 500 mW 100 mW Europe 100 mW Specifications A Radio Specifications IEEE 802 11 Direct Sequence Data rate Channels Range Frequency band Radio type Radio power output Radio Specifications UHF Data rate Channels spacing Receiver sensitivity Range Coverage 0 5 W 10 mW Frequency band Low band High band Radio type Radio power output 2 Mbps or 1 Mbps 11 North America 13 Europe 4 France 1 Japan 425 m 1 400 ft open environment 198 m 650 ft semi open environment 76 m 250 ft semi obstructed environment 40 m 130 ft heavily obstructed environment 2 4 to 2 5 GHz world wide Direct sequence spread spectrum 15dBm 19 2 Kbps 14 4 Kbps with forward error correction 20 KHz or 25 KHz 105dBm Up to 1 067 m 3 500 ft line of sight 74 320 sq m 800 000 sq ft indoors 9 290 sq m 100 000 sq ft indoors 430 450 MHz 450 470 MHz Synthesized UHF four level frequency shift keying 0 5 W 27dBm low band 0 5 W 27dBm high band 10 mW 10dBm low band must meet local regulatory requirements A 5 21XX Universal Access Point Technical Reference Manual Other Specifications Architecture Ethernet interfaces 2100 2101 Data rate Media Access protoc
8. the following menu appears Quick Start IEEE 802 11 DS A Advanced Configuration Transmit Rate Conf Transmit Rate lt 2 Mbits Standard gt Transmit Rate Fallback lt Enabled gt 1 Transmit Rate This parameter lets you set the bit rate for data transmission Slower transmission rates provide better range however faster transmission rates provide increased throughput You can set the transmission rate to either 2 Mbits Standard or 1 Mbits Low The default is 2 Mbits Standard Transmit Rate Fallback This parameter determines if the radio will try slower speeds than the specified transmit rate You can disable or enable transmit rate fallback A packet may be undeliverable to an end device at a given rate due to interference or range limitations If you enable transmit rate fallback the UAP will attempt to deliver the packet at a slower rate which may have greater range or increased interference tolerance The default is enabled Note The IEEE 802 11 DS radio features antenna diversity For information about positioning the antennas for a UAP with an IEEE 802 11 DS radio see Appendix Positioning Antennas 4 19 21XX Universal Access Point Technical Reference Manual Configuring the UHF Port 4 20 You can configure the UHF port by selecting the UHF command from the Quick Start menu The UHF menu appears Quick Start UHF A MAC Address 00 00 00 00 00 00 Port Control lt Enabled gt Hell
9. when the timer expires the download begins You can enter days hours minutes and seconds in the Start Time field For example to start the upgrade in two hours and ten minutes type sdvars set starttime 00 02 10 00 When the starttime counter reaches zero the upgrade begins The UAP reboots after the upgrade completes successfully Performing a TFTP Transfer Via a Web Browser Session 1 Start the TFTP server 2 From the Universal Access Point Configuration Web page choose either the Upgrade Root UAP command or the Software Download command depending upon the firmware currently on your UAP For help accessing the Web page see Using a Web Browser in Chapter 6 The following screen appears fatermec eemekgesCeneni u Dpiversal Access Point Configuration 5 baher TE IF Cha Sapar score Stare Doa Laarni abet File System Directory Sagen Aiicearicn funis 351 Fiese Lage Share tog Beckie Eeclor Plata i ms me L 15 OTM DITH a a i EET Eric DT uS 27 ig DEE OC 4 mM Valid 7194649 0179805 TO 01210000 Scarcup Fije DA FR MEA leere JRO Seercup This startup i Haar i Hera Bepeert This startup 1 Meet startup 1 r ee Upgrading the UAP Scroll down to the Erase Segments drop down list box rea She Select Inactive Click the Erase button Scroll down to the Automated So
10. Frag QFSK Retry 255 Hop Period This parameter determines how long the radio stays on a frequency in the hopping sequence before stepping to the next frequency You can set this parameter to 100 200 or 400 milliseconds A longer period results in better throughput a shorter period results in faster roaming response and immunity from interference The default is 200 milliseconds Beacon Frequency The UAP periodically transmits a beacon to allow stations to quickly scan each frequency to find a master UAP Beacon frequency is the number of hops between beacons You can set the beacon frequency to a value from 1 to 7 The default is 2 Deferral Slot This parameter along with the fairness slot determines the average back off time when the channel is sensed to be busy You can set the deferral slot to 1 3 7 or default The default value is default You may want to reduce the number of slots on lightly loaded networks to increase throughput or increase the number to help prevent repeated collisions under a heavy load Fairness Slot This parameter along with deferral slot determines the average back off time when the channel is sensed to be busy You can set the fairness slot to 1 3 7 or default The default value is default You may want to increase the number to prioritize the channel access for nodes that have been waiting the longest to access the channel or you may need to decrease the number to minimize initial back off delays
11. Manual Change Record This page records the changes to this manual The manual was originally released as version 001 Version Date 002 003 004 005 11 98 6 99 10 99 12 99 Description of Change Revised to add information about the 900 MHz and WAP and the OpenAir WAP Revised to add information about the IEEE 802 11 Direct Sequence radio and firmware upgrade features Revised to add information about the UHF radio and the 2101 Universal Office Access Point This revision also reflects the discontinuance of the 2110 Wireless Access Point and the name change for this manual from a user s manual to a technical reference manual Revised IEEE 802 11 DS radio menus and parameters Contents Learning About the 21XX Universal Access Point Contents Before You Begin xiii Warranty Information xiii Safety Summary xiii Cautions and Notes xiv About This Manual xiv Patent Information xvi Other Related Manuals xvi What Is the Intermec 21XX Universal Access Point 1 3 Features of the UAP 1 4 Bridging Features 1 5 Using the UAP in a Wireless Network 1 7 Using a UAP in a Simple Wireless Network 1 7 Using Multiple UAPs and Roaming End Devices 1 8 Using UAPs with Dual OpenAir Radios for Redundancy 1 9 Using UAPs as a Point To Point Bridge 1 10 Using a UAP as a Repeater 1 11 Optimizing Wireless Network Performance 1 12 General Installation Guidelines 1 12 Decreasing Interference 1 12 Understanding the LEDs 1
12. Reservation Threshold AP Density DTIM Period Multicast Rate Transmit Rate Configuration Transmit Rate Transmit Rate Fallback Range Enabled Disabled 1 2 or 3 seconds 0 to 32 characters 2400 to 2500 MHz Enabled Disabled Open System Shared Key Unencrypted Allowed Encryption Required 1to4 ASCII hex Enabled Disabled 0 to 2346 Low Medium High 1 to 65535 2 Mbits Standard 1 Mbits Low 2 Mbits Standard 1 Mbits Low Enabled Disabled Default Enabled 2 INTERMEC 2422 MHz Disabled Site Setting Open System Encryption Required 1 ASCII Disabled 500 Low 1 2 Mbits Standard 2 Mbits Standard Enabled A 9 21XX Universal Access Point Technical Reference Manual A 10 UHF Port Configuration Menu Defaults Parameter Name Port Control Hello Period File Name Call Sign Frequency Master Mode Attach Priority Range Enabled Disabled 1 2 or 3 seconds synuhf_d bin to 12 characters programmed at factory based on regulatory requirements Enabled Disabled Low Medium High Default Site Setting Enabled 2 synuhf_d bin none first frequency in list Disabled High Port Configuration Menu Defaults Parameter Name Port Control Hello Period Mode IGMP Range Enabled Disabled 1 2 or 3 seconds Originate If Root Listen Enabled Disabled Default Site Setting Enabled 2 Listen Disabled Networ
13. The UAP monitor is the system software that controls the UAP You can use UAP monitor commands to manipulate the UAP file segments Understanding UAP Segments The UAP has five segments in its file system The segments are described here e The current active boot or startup segment can be segment 1 or 2 e The current inactive boot or startup segment can be segment 1 or 2 e The current active data segment can be segment 3 or 4 e The current inactive data segment can be segment 3 or 4 e The RAM memory segment You can enter commands to manipulate the boot and data segments For instance you typically download a new firmware version into an inactive segment and then make that segment active the next time the UAP boots For more information on upgrading the UAP firmware see Appendix D Upgrading the UAP Entering the UAP Monitor You can access the UAP monitor only through the serial port and only during the boot process To enter the UAP Monitor Press any key on the keyboard when you see this message displayed during the boot process Press any key within 5 seconds to enter the UAP monitor ej Note Certain functions available through the UAP monitor can erase your configuration information Intermec strongly recommends that you only use the UAP monitor when absolutely necessary For example you might use the UAP monitor to upgrade your firmware or when instructed to do so by qualified Intermec personnel
14. an IP host notifies IP routers that it wants to participate in an IP multicast group In an INCA network that includes INCA IP tunnels the multicast group consists of the root UAP and UAPs on remote IP subnets An IP router forwards IP packets with a Class D multicast destination address to those IP subnets that have at least one host participating in the multicast group You can establish multiple INCA IP tunnels with a single multicast IP address You can only create one tunnel for each unicast or directed broadcast IP address IGMP allows a UAP to participate in an IP multicast group without requiring any special router configuration Electronic Software Distribution You can upgrade the firmware on your UAP using a Web browser After you upgrade the root UAP you can distribute the firmware upgrade to all UAPs on your network The UAP supports Trivial File Transfer Protocol TFTP so you can perform a TFTP transfer using the UAP as either a TFTP client or server The UAP also supports scripting via Telnet and SNMP For more information about the electronic software distribution capabilities of the UAP see Appendix D Upgrading the UAP Contact your local Intermec representative for information about obtaining firmware upgrades DHCP Support The UAP supports the client Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol DHCP You can have a DHCP or BOOTP server assign a permanent lease to the UAP and then automatically assign an IP address default ro
15. 4 14 MAC address 4 14 medium reservation 4 18 multicast rate 4 19 network name 4 14 port control 4 14 port configuring 4 14 to 4 19 power output A 5 radio type A 5 range A 5 reservation threshold 4 18 transmit rate 4 19 Transmit Rate Configuration menu 4 19 transmit rate fallback 4 19 Version Information menu 4 18 WEP Configuration menu 4 16 WEP Default Key Configuration menu 4 17 WEP encryption parameter 4 15 WEP entry mode 4 17 WEP method for authentication 4 16 WEP receive data 4 16 WEP transmit key 4 16 IGMP 1 5 4 4 4 5 B 14 INCA frame type 4 3 INCA IP and roaming devices B 10 creating tunnel via Web browser 6 11 customizable subtype filter table 5 21 feature 1 4 filtering 5 19 to 5 22 frame forwarding B 10 frame type filter table 5 19 IP addresses 4 5 port configuring 4 3 to 4 6 21 Universal Access Point Technical Reference Manual INCA IP continued predefined subtype filter table 5 21 restrictions B 4 safeguards B 5 tunnel origination B 8 B 12 infinite lease 2 17 installation requirements UAP 2 3 to 2 4 WAP 3 3 installing the UAP 2 5 general guidelines 1 12 obtaining help 7 9 quick installation 2 3 installing the WAP 3 3 Intermec Technologies Corporation contacting for assistance 7 9 Web site address xvi Internet Control Message Protocol See ICMP Internet Group Management Protocol See IGMP IP 54 environmental rating 1 3 2 12 3 9 IP address configuri
16. 5 3 DTIM period IEEE 802 11 DS parameter 4 19 Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol See DHCP E electrical specifications A 3 encryption See WEP Ethernet advanced filtering example 5 16 bridging configuring 5 4 cable drop requirement 2 3 compatibility A 6 connecting to 2 12 data rate A 6 filtering 5 9 to 5 19 filtering considerations 5 9 interfaces A 6 port configuring 4 3 F factory default settings A 6 to A 12 restoring 7 4 restoring using Web browser 6 12 features 1 4 file name 900 MHz Falcon port 3 23 4 12 UHF port 4 20 file system 8 3 filter expressions setting 5 15 filter values setting 5 14 filtering rate A 6 filters A 6 configuring 5 9 to 5 22 Ethernet 5 9 to 5 19 Ethernet considerations 5 9 examples 5 22 INCA IP 5 19 to 5 22 permanent B 6 protocols excluded 5 12 user defined B 7 using to reduce network traffic 5 9 Filters menu Ethernet address table 5 10 Ethernet advanced filtering 5 14 Ethernet customizable subtype filter table 5 12 Ethernet frame type filter table 5 10 Ethernet predefined subtype filter table 5 12 INCA IP customizable subtype filter table 5 21 INCA IP frame type filter table 5 19 INCA IP predefined subtype filter table 5 21 finite lease 2 17 firmware upgrading D 3 to D 11 flood mode configuring 5 7 flooding setting global parameters in root 5 7 forwarding databases updating B 10 frag ack retry 3 18 4 11 frag QFSK retry 3 1
17. 8 3 21XX Universal Access Point Technical Reference Manual 8 4 Using UAP Monitor Commands When you are in the UAP monitor the UAP prompt uap gt appears You can display a list of UAP monitor commands anytime you see the UAP prompt To display UAP monitor commands e Press a letter or number key on the keyboard and then press Enter A list of UAP monitor commands appears Note If you type the letter B upper or lower case and press Enter the UAP will reboot Type any letter or number OTHER than B to display UAP commands The following example shows UAP monitor mode and the list of available commands The commands are not case sensitive you can type the commands using either upper or lower case UAPBOOT V3 05 March 5 1999 lt Press any key within 5 seconds to enter the UAP monitor gt Reboot Device IDs menu Ymodem File Download Display Mfg Record File System Directory Test Menu Run Flash Boot File Service Menu Manufacturing Menu Serial Baud Rate You reboot the UAP by typing B and pressing Enter Reboot resets the system software Reboot is similar to unplugging the UAP and then plugging it back in The format to reboot the system is B FX The FX command performs a Ymodem batch protocol download of a file into the flash segment that is specified by s The format is s where 5 is segment 1 2 3 or 4 Advanced Features FD The FD command displays the flash file system dire
18. 900 MHz MAC Address 00 00 00 00 00 00 Port Control lt Enabled gt Hello Period lt 1 Second gt File Name falcon_d bin Mode Channel lt DS 225K Channel 25 gt MAC Address This read only parameter displays the MAC address of this port Port Control This parameter allows you to enable or disable the 900 MHz Falcon port The default is enabled Hello Period This parameter controls how frequently the UAP broadcasts hello packets on the Falcon radio port On wireless links between UAPs hello packets are used to maintain the spanning tree Hello packets also serve as beacon messages to synchronize communications with power managed stations You can specify hello packets to be broadcast every 1 2 or 3 seconds The default is 1 second File Name This parameter specifies the name of the radio s driver software The default file name is falcon_d bin ej Note You should not need to change this name only change this name when directed to do so by Intermec Technical Support Mode Channel Setting this parameter allows you to balance the need for radio coverage with the need for speed Mode sets the bit rate option for the 900 MHz Falcon radio Generally the higher the bit rate the lower the range of the UAP Channel defines a frequency range that is a small portion of the available bandwidth 4 12 Configuring the Ports f Select the Mode Channel command to display the list of mode and channel combinations that are ava
19. Access Point Configuration bros Chang Current mene ls ii der ke UTE hazara Up 52 be 1 125 Reip Lipat Eebzet Addrece 1 rums 0 252 foio 255 1010 d 0 245 deere 757 10240 4 285 7 hu 1n 4 D 755 A igi 6 11 21XX Universal Access Point Technical Reference Manual 9 10 11 12 13 14 Enter the IP addresses of the UAPs that are to listen for INCA IP tunnels Press Enter When the Operation Complete screen appears click Back Click Submit Changes When the Operation Complete screen appears click Back Choose the Review write Changes command The Summary of Changes screen appears Confirm that the change appears Click Commit When the Operation Complete screen appears click Back The changes become effective the next time you boot the UAP Restoring the Factory Default Settings If you restore the factory default values during your Web browser session be sure you reset the DHCP parameters or the IP Address IP Subnet Mask and IP Router parameters before you reboot the UAP If you do not reset these parameters before you reboot you must connect to the UAP using the serial port to reset them To restore factory defaults 1 10 11 6 12 If you are using BOOTP server to assign values to the IP Address IP Subnet Mask and IP Router parameters note the values in the DHCP and DHCP Server Name fields
20. DIX IPX Socket DIX EtherType SNAP IP TCP Port SNAP IP UDP Port SNAP IP Protocol SNAP IPX Socket Value Port value in hexadecimal Port value in hexadecimal Protocol number in hexadecimal Socket value in hexadecimal Specify the registered DIX type in hexadecimal Port value in hexadecimal Port value in hexadecimal Port value in hexadecimal Socket value in hexadecimal 5 13 21 Universal Access Point Technical Reference Manual Frame Subtypes and Values continued 5 14 Subtype Value SNAP EtherType SNAP type in hexadecimal To filter on both SNAP type and OUI use advanced filters 802 3 IPX Socket Socket value in hexadecimal 802 2 IPX Socket Socket value in hexadecimal 802 2 SAP 802 2 SAP in hexadecimal Using Ethernet Advanced Filtering If you need more flexibility in your filtering you can use the Ethernet Advanced Filtering menu Settings for advanced filters execute after those for other filters That is advanced filters are only applied if the frame has passed the other filters If the frame was dropped by earlier filters the advanced filter will not be applied You can use filter values and filter expressions to minimize network traffic over the RF links however you should only use advanced Ethernet filtering if you have an extensive understanding of network frames and their contents You should use other existing filters whenever possible You can delete a protocol filter by setting its v
21. Domain 0 AP Name 1234567890 Ethernet 2 4 GHz OpenAir A 2 4 GHz OpenAir B You need to configure these parameters using the Quick Start menu e Address e P Subnet Mask e LAN ID Domain The Quick Start parameters are described below IP Address Each node that communicates with the Ethernet network must have a unique IP address The IP address is a network level address assigned to each device in a TCP IP network The default IP address is 0 0 0 0 The range 15 O to 253 The first number cannot be zero unless all remaining numbers are zero The first node also cannot be 127 or greater than 223 If the IP address is 0 0 0 0 and DHCP 15 enabled on the Network Configuration menu the IP address is obtained via DHCP If the IP address is 0 0 0 0 and DHCP is disabled TCP IP access to this UAP is disabled IP Subnet Mask The subnet mask is used in the IP protocol to separate the subnet address from the local IP address The IP protocol performs a bit wise AND on the IP address and the subnet mask For example if the IP address is 192 168 150 184 and the subnet mask 15 255 255 255 0 the subnet address is 192 168 150 The default IP subnet mask is 255 255 255 0 If this WAP is installed on an existing segment the subnet mask should match the other computers on the segment If you are using DHCP to obtain an IP address then the subnet mask that is obtained from DHCP will supersede this one 21 Universal Access Point
22. Filter Values menu then drop the frame The three expressions in this example combine to form a single compound expression The compound expression forms an advanced filter that drops all DIX IP multicast frames except those from the three Ethernet stations whose addresses are listed on the Filter Values menu The default action is always the opposite of the action specified in the last expression In this example the action of the last expression is drop therefore the default action is pass Any frame that meets the conditions specified in the advanced filter is passed Using the INCA IP Frame Type Filter Table Menu You can use the INCA IP Frame Type Filter Table menu to set output INCA IP port filters for certain types of INCA IP frames You configure INCA IP output filters the same way that you configure Ethernet input filters Permanent INCA IP output port filters prevent unwanted frame forwarding through an tunnel For detailed information about frames that are never forwarded see Frame Types That Are Never Forwarded in Appendix B IP ICMP packets with the following types are forwarded e Echo Request e Echo Reply e Destination Unreachable e Source Quench e Redirect e Alternate Host Address 5 19 21XX Universal Access Point Technical Reference Manual ICMP Packet Types That Are Forwarded continued 5 20 e Time Exceeded e Parameter problem e Time Stamp e Time Stamp Reply e Address Mask
23. IEEE 802 11 DS parameter 4 18 restoring factory default settings 7 4 RFC1042 DIX conversion 5 28 roaming INCA IP 1 4 B 10 multiple UAPs 1 8 root and INCA IP B 4 configuring 5 3 global flooding parameters 5 7 global RF parameters 5 26 spanning tree 1 6 root priority configuring 5 3 5 5 RS 232 cable 2 4 3 3 script file creating 8 18 to 8 19 sdvars commands 8 11 to 8 14 using to upgrade firmware D 6 21 Universal Access Point Technical Reference Manual secondary LAN bridge priority 5 4 configuring bridging 5 6 flooding 5 4 security 1 5 security ID 2 4 GHz OpenAir radio 3 16 4 7 segments file system 8 3 serial port connecting UAP to 2 7 connecting WAP to 3 6 max data rate A 6 using to upgrade firmware D 3 service mode 8 6 password 7 3 prompt 8 6 size A 3 SNAP and INCA frame type 4 3 and IP frame type 2 16 3 13 3 21 SNMP agent A 6 passwords 8 19 spanning tree about 1 6 creating B 9 specifications A 3 to A 6 2 4 GHz OpenAir radio A 4 channels A 4 data rate A 4 frequency band A 4 power output A 4 radio type A 4 range A 4 2100 UAP A 3 2101 UAP A 3 900 MHz Falcon radio A 4 channels A 4 data rate A 4 frequency band A 4 power output A 4 radio type A 4 range A 4 architecture A 6 electrical A 3 Ethernet compatibility A 6 data rate A 6 interfaces A 6 filtering rate A 6 filters A 6 humidity A 3 IEEE 802 11 DS radio A 5 channels A 5 da
24. Key 2 WEP Key 3 x 4 Mk A Ax x IU WEP Key Help Select a WEP key to configure and press Enter If the WEP entry mode is ASCII you must enter five ASCII characters in the key If the WEP entry mode is hex you must enter five hex pairs in the key When the WEP entry mode is set to hex you can type the hex pairs directly into the key You do not need to enter a special character between each hex pair The key appears on the screen as you type however after you press Enter the key is encrypted and never appears again Note You must enter either five ASCII characters or five hex pairs in a key If you enter fewer than five ASCII characters or hex pairs the key is not saved If you enter more than five ASCII characters or hex pairs the key is truncated Note these important points about using WEP encryption e WEP must be enabled on both the and the end devices e The WEP default keys must appear in the same order on both the UAP and the end devices e The UAP and the end devices must use the same WEP transmit key 4 17 21XX Universal Access Point Technical Reference Manual 4 18 Viewing Version Information You can verify the version of the firmware in your IEEE 802 11 DS radio by viewing the Version Information menu The Version Information menu displays the firmware versions in read only format Quick Start IEEE 802 11 DS A Version Information Primary Firmware Version va qe Sta
25. Point Technical Reference Manual Using the INCA IP Customizable Subtype Filter Table Menu 5 21 Filtering Examples 5 22 Example 1 5 23 Example 2 5 24 Setting Global RF Parameters 5 26 Managing the UAP Remotely Requirements for Establishing a Remote Session 6 3 Establishing a Telnet Session 6 3 Using a Web Browser 6 5 Establishing a Web Browser Session 6 6 Configuring the 6 8 Creating INCA IP Tunnels 6 11 Restoring the Factory Default Settings 6 12 Maintenance and Troubleshooting Understanding the Maintenance Menu 7 3 Using Analysis Tools 7 4 Viewing UAP Connections 7 5 Viewing Port Statistics 7 6 Understanding the LED Lighting Sequence 7 6 Troubleshooting the Radios 7 7 Commonly Asked Technical Support Questions 7 8 Obtaining Help With Your Installation 7 9 Advanced Features Using the UAP Monitor 8 3 Understanding UAP Segments 8 3 Entering the UAP Monitor 8 3 Using UAP Monitor Commands 8 4 B 8 4 FX 8 4 FD 8 5 viii Contents FR 8 5 MR 8 5 SR 8 5 Using Service Mode Commands 8 6 SRVC 8 6 FFR 8 7 PN 8 7 PQ 8 7 Using Test Mode Commands 8 8 TEST 8 8 Using Console Command Mode 8 9 Using Console Commands 8 10 fb 8 10 fd 8 10 fdel 8 10 fe 8 11 script 8 11 Using Sdvars Commands 8 11 sdvars set serveripaddress 8 12 sdvars set scriptfilename 8 12 sdvars set starttime 8 12 sdvars set checkpoint 8 13 sdvars set terminate 8 13 sdvars set setactivepointers 8 14 sdvars set nextpowerup
26. Reference Manual 3 6 Connecting to the Serial Port Use an RS 232 null modem cable to connect the serial port on the WAP to your ASCH terminal or PC so that you can manually configure the network parameters Note If you use a terminal application that has the option to check for the CD signal before establishing a connection configure the software to ignore CD To connect to the serial port 1 If you have a 2100 unscrew the thumbscrews on the cable access door and then remove the door 2 Attach one end of a null modem cable to the serial port on the WAP 3 Attach the other end of the null modem cable to the serial port on a PC terminal that is powered off Applying Power 1 If you have a 2100 plug one end of a power cable into the power port on the 2100 If you have a 2101 plug the power cable into the power supply and then plug the power supply into the power port on the 2101 2 Plug the other end of the power cable into an AC power source The WAP has no On Off switch so it boots as soon as you apply power The following screen appears on your PC or terminal after the WAP has loaded the UAP Monitor boot code and the UAP Program code UAP Monitor V3 05 March 5 1999 Press any key within 5 seconds to enter the UAP monitor Executing file UAP PRG from segment 1 UAP V3 77 September 1 1999 Press any key within 5 seconds to configure the UAP before starting System Installing and Conf
27. TFTP server to the UAP e Through a Web browser from the root UAP to other UAPs Intermec recommends that you upgrade the root UAP using a serial connection or TFTP and then use the Upgrade Other UAPs feature available through the Web browser interface to upgrade the remaining UAPs on the network The upgrade procedures are described in the following sections Upgrade procedures are also included in a readme txt file that accompanies the firmware release files Consult the README TXT file for the most current procedures ej Note You must have the firmware release files installed in the directory c 2100uap on your PC before you begin either a serial transfer or a TFTP transfer Performing a Serial Transfer To perform a serial transfer you must have the firmware release files on your PC and have an RS 232 null modem cable connecting the UAP to your PC Set the serial port terminal communications parameters on your PC to the following values Parameter Setting Data bits 8 Parity none Stop bit 1 Flow control none For the most efficient upgrade you should set the baud rate on both your PC and the UAP to 115 200 bps For information about changing the baud rate on the UAP see Using UAP Monitor Commands in Chapter 8 The baud rate on your PC must match the baud rate on the UAP 21XX Universal Access Point Technical Reference Manual To perform a serial transfer 1 10 11 Reboot the UAP and enter the UAP monitor by pres
28. The 21XX Universal Access Point features online help To activate online help e Hold down the Shift key and press the key Use the arrow keys to page through online help for each menu item To exit online help e Press Esc 21 Universal Access Point Technical Reference Manual Understanding the Summary Screen 1 18 The read only Summary screen displays the major settings for your UAP Information on the screen is organized into three main areas e Port information is displayed at the top of the screen e Network information is displayed on the lower left e Bridge information is displayed on the lower right Some address strings may be truncated to fit the screen Your screen will reflect your installed hardware and your UAP settings therefore your screen may look different from the example shown here Note If you use DHCP to assign an IP address the IP address will not appear on the Summary screen You must refer to the DHCP server to determine the IP address of the UAP Summary Ethernet OpenAir A INCA IP MAC Address 001040000415 0020a6338 9b Port Control Enabled Enabled Enabled Hello Period 2 2 2 DIX Chan Sub 1 1 Origin Master No IGMP Network MAC Addr 001040000415 LAN ID Domain Name 1234567890 Root Priority Address 10 10 1010 Ethernet Bridging Enabled Mask 288285528810 2 LAN Priority 0 P Router 0 0 0 0 2nd LAN Flooding Disabled uto ARP Min 5 ARP Server Mode Disab
29. The auto ARP period controls the time interval between ARP broadcasts The range is from 1 to 120 minutes The default is 5 minutes A setting of O disables this parameter Installing and Configuring a Wireless Access Point 3 If the address of the default router is 0 0 0 0 the WAP sends request to its own IP address otherwise it sends an ARP request to the default router Without this option a WAP might not use its IP address for extended periods of time and the IP address expires from the router ARP table If the IP address expires the network management program needs to ping all potential addresses on a subnet to locate active IP addresses or require the user to enter a list You should not allow the IP address for the WAP to expire Configuring the 2 4 GHz OpenAir Radios You must configure both 2 4 GHz OpenAir radios in the WAP The default radio values in your WAP are Parameter 2 4 GHz OpenAir A 2 4 GHz OpenAir B Node Type Master Station Channel 1 9 Subchannel 1 9 Wireless Hops Disabled does not apply The 2 4 GHz OpenAir A menu is shown here You must also configure the 2 4 GHz OpenAir B radio Quick Start 2 4 GHz OpenAir A MAC Address 00 20 a6 33 8f 9b Port Control lt Enabled gt Hello Period lt 2 Seconds gt Security ID Node Type lt Master gt Channel 1 Subchannel 1 Wireless Hops lt Disabled gt MAC Configuration lt Default gt MAC Address This read only parameter displays the MAC a
30. WAP and there is a preferred router for the target destination IP Frame Type This parameter indicates the type of frame that contains IP traffic The type can be either DIX or SNAP DIX frames are also known as Ethernet v2 0 frames You typically use DIX frames for TCP IP over an Ethernet network If other computers on your network use RFC1042 SNAP encapsulation for IP frames then select SNAP frame type The default is DIX 3 13 21XX Universal Access Point Technical Reference Manual 3 14 DHCP The WAP has DHCP client support so that it can automatically accept IP addresses from a DHCP or BOOTP server on the network Using DHCP simplifies installation of IP devices because it eliminates the manual entry of the IP address IP subnet mask and IP router addresses on every device The WAP responds to both DHCP and BOOTP servers however preference is given to DHCP servers If a BOOTP reply arrives at the WAP before any DHCP offers are received the WAP waits an additional 4 seconds for a DHCP offer before responding If a DHCP offer is received within the 4 second period the BOOTP reply is ignored and the DHCP offer is accepted The DHCP settings are Enabled This setting allows you to enable DHCP without setting IP address to 0 0 0 0 If DHCP is enabled the UAP will accept addresses from the DHCP server You may find this setting helpful when troubleshooting your network Enabled if IP address is You must set IP address to 0 0 0 0 to
31. address contained in its INCA IP address list A UAP on a remote IP subnet can automatically establish an INCA IP tunnel if it receives an INCA IP hello message from the root UAP A UAP that attaches through an INCA IP tunnel transmits hello messages on the remote subnet so that other UAPs on the remote subnet that do not receive INCA IP hello messages can attach to the INCA network If you need to bridge to an INCA IP remote subnet you must set the Secondary LAN Bridge Priority parameter to a value greater than 0 in one or more UAPs on the remote subnet These designated bridge candidates use the bridge priority value in an election procedure similar to that used to determine the root to determine a single designated bridge for the secondary LAN Redundancy The root and designated bridge election procedures are repeated if the current root or designated bridge stops sending hellos If a UAP is unavailable due to a cable or other failure the remaining UAPs use the election procedure to determine a new root or designated bridge Normally one primary and one or two fallback root candidates are sufficient for root redundancy One primary designated bridge and one fallback are recommended for most remote subnet installations The number of remote subnets and the redundancy needs on each subnet influence the selection of address types in the INCA IP Addresses menu For example you can use an IP multicast address or multiple unicast addresses to pr
32. an example of how you might configure the radio in the UAP on the Ethernet network and the two radios in the WAP In this example the OpenAir B radio in the WAP is configured as a station and has the same channel and subchannel as the OpenAir A radio in the UAP on the Ethernet network so the radios can communicate You need to configure your end devices to communicate with the OpenAir A master radio in the WAP Parameter UAP OpenAir A WAP OpenAir A WAP WAP OpenAir B WAP LAN ID 0 0 0 Security ID null null null Node Type Master Master Station Channel 1 2 1 Subchannel 1 2 1 Wireless Hops Enabled Disabled does not apply You use the Quick Start menu to set basic network parameters including LAN ID Use the 2 4 GHz OpenAir menu for a specific radio to configure security ID node type channel subchannel and wireless hops Installing and Configuring a Wireless Access Point 3 Note If you are installing OpenAir WAP in a network that has existing UAPs with Release 1 0 firmware you must upgrade the boot and program code in the existing UAPs Contact your Intermec representative for information on obtaining the latest firmware For information on upgrading UAPs see Appendix D Upgrading the UAP Using the Quick Start Menu You use the Quick Start menu to set basic network parameters The Quick Start menu for an OpenAir WAP is shown here Quick Start IP Address 0 0 0 0 IP Subnet Mask 25594255425540 LAN ID
33. but have a unique subchannel so the UAP does not receive frames intended for another UAP Two UAPs on different subchannels share the same hopping sequence but behave as if they were on different channels Subchannel can be set to a value from 1 to 15 The default subchannel is 1 Configuring the Ports f Wireless Hops This parameter only appears on the screen if node type is set to master You can set wireless hops to either disabled or enabled If you set wireless hops to enabled this master UAP honors connections from 2 4 GHz OpenAir UAPs configured as stations The station UAPs must have the same LAN ID security ID channel and subchannel as the master The default value is disabled You need to enable wireless hops for point to point bridging or for a master UAP that is to communicate with a WAP MAC Configuration You may be able to enhance the performance of your 2 4 GHz OpenAir radio by adjusting the MAC Configuration parameter The possible settings for the MAC Configuration parameter are described in this section Note An inefficient MAC configuration setting can adversely affect the performance of your open wireless LAN You should change the MAC configuration setting only under the direction of Intermec Technical Support The MAC configuration settings are Default default Uses the factory settings for the radio protocol You should use this setting for normal operation Interference Optimizes the settings for the rad
34. controls if outbound unicast frames are flooded to secondary LAN segments The possible settings are enabled and set locally A setting of enabled allows the root to control flooding for all UAPs that are serving as designated bridges for secondary LANs Set locally allows flooding to be controlled by the designated bridge on that secondary LAN The default is set locally Configuring the Bridging Parameters b Using Filters You can use filters to help reduce unnecessary traffic on your network The Ethernet receive filters prevent network traffic from being forwarded unnecessarily into the radio network INCA IP transmit filters limit the protocol types that can pass through an INCA IP tunnel Consider these points before setting Ethernet filters e Set Ethernet input filters when you need to reduce the amount of traffic that is forwarded into the radio network e If you disabled unicast flooding in the root you do not need to create Ethernet filters for unicast traffic e If you disabled multicast flooding in the root you do not need to create Ethernet filters for multicast traffic e Unicast flooding is automatically disabled on 900 MHz Falcon and INCA IP ports You must configure the filters on each UAP independently For more information about INCA IP and filtering see Appendix B Understanding INCA IP Understanding the Filters Menu You can set both Ethernet and INCA IP filters from the Filters menu You use the E
35. define the UAP on your network If you have more than one UAP on your network you need to define the root candidates for your INCA primary Ethernet LAN You may also want to set filters to reduce network traffic You use the Bridge Configuration menu to set all of these parameters You also use the Bridge Configuration menu to set global flooding and RF parameters in the root The Bridge Configuration menu is shown here Bridge Configuration LAN ID Domain 0 Root Priority 1 Ethernet Bridging lt Enabled gt Secondary LAN Bridge Priority 1 Secondary LAN Flooding lt Disabled gt Global Flooding ARP Server Mode lt Disabled gt Filters Global RF Parameters LAN ID Domain The LAN ID or domain identifies the INCA spanning tree All devices in a wireless network must have the same LAN ID The range is O to 254 The default value is 0 Root Priority This parameter determines whether this UAP is a candidate to become the root on the primary LAN The UAP with the highest root priority becomes the root of the network spanning tree whenever the UAP is powered on and active The Ethernet segment that has the root attached to it is the primary LAN The root UAP maintains the network spanning tree and can distribute global parameters network wide You can set root priority to a value from 0 to 7 UAPs that have a root priority of 0 cannot become the root The default root priority is 1 For more information see Assigning Root Priori
36. e Antenna or antenna cable Intermec offers a variety of cables and antennas including a 9 socket to 9 socket null modem cable Part No 059167 that may be appropriate for your installation Contact your Intermec representative for additional information Note You can configure any 21 XX Universal Access Point as a wireless access point if it has either two 2 4 GHz OpenAir radios or one 900 MHz Falcon radio Intermec does not support an IEEE 802 11 DS or UHF wireless access point at this time The 2110 Wireless Access Point is no longer available Intermec recommends that you install no more than two WAPs for each UAP Installing the WAP You must configure the WAP before you install it You can then manage it using SNMP Telnet or a Web browser You should read this entire section before you install the WAP The steps for installing the WAP are summarized here Each step is described in detail in the rest of this section To install the WAP Attach the antenna Connect to the serial port Apply power Configure the communications parameters Log onto the WAP Configure the WAP Mount the WAP UD AC des oe 3 3 21XX Universal Access Point Technical Reference Manual CAUTION Attaching an Antenna The 2101 ships with a dipole antenna If you are configuring a 2100 or you want to use a different antenna with the 2101 contact your local Intermec representative for information about antenna options Intermec sells severa
37. e Directional You can position the antennas in one of three ways e Horizontal Both antennas are mounted in the same plane at the same height e Stacked One antenna is mounted directly above the other e Angled The two antennas are mounted some distance apart and at different heights C 3 21XX Universal Access Point Technical Reference Manual You can use either two omni antennas two directional antennas or one omni antenna and one directional antenna The following table shows the MINIMUM distance that must exist between the two antennas Position 2 Omni Antennas 2 Directional Antennas 1 Omni 1 Directional Antenna Horizontal 3dBi omni 3 meters 10 feet 3 meters 10 feet 6 1 meters 20 feet 6dBi omni 6 1 meters 20 feet 9dBi omni 12 2 meters 40 feet Stacked 6 meters 2 feet does not apply 6 meters 2 feet Angled 1 1 meters 3 5 feet vertically and 6 meters 2 feet vertically and 6 meters 2 feet vertically and 7 3 meters 24 feet horizontally 3 meters 10 feet horizontally 6 1 meters 20 feet horizontally Note these additional points about positioning your antennas e Intermec recommends that you mount omni antennas so they point down e If you are using one omni antenna and one directional antenna you should mount the directional antenna so that it points away from the omni antenna e Ifyou are using one omni antenna and one directional antenna in the stacked position you must mount the directional
38. ha Dore beret 2 Configure the parameters for your installation 3 Click Submit Changes When the Operation Complete screen appears click Back Note You must click the Submit Changes button and then the Back button on every Web page where you make a change or your changes are not saved 4 To configure more parameters repeat Steps 1 through 3 6 9 21XX Universal Access Point Technical Reference Manual 5 Click Review write changes The Summary of Changes screen appears ocean Port Corot eo TL CER c ra aie EG evita T Liu Intermec lechagioges Corporation Universal Access Point Configuration Comer Unde Options rin EE uerum ie menn Help enm Summary of Changes Changes from defzalis being used de rhe active configuration Cuat Sram Address War 0000 nee 10 1012 321 Lair Sab Subner Was 255 255 253 0 poe 223 255 0 Quek War IHSI e Carkgurzkcn IP Address Was 0 nee 10 10 1x 251 o 58 i wi Es erir ara 6 Confirm that your changes appear Click Commit to save your configuration When the Operation Complete screen appears click Back 8 You can either reboot or logout e Click Reboot to boot the UAP and make your changes effective immediately e Click Logout to terminate the browser session Your changes become effective the next time the UAP boots 6 10 Managing the U
39. it in your network If ALL the following conditions are true you can perform a quick installation and you do not need to configure the UAP before you install it You can follow the quick installation procedures in the next section if all these conditions are true e You have only one UAP on this network e You use the default settings The default values are listed in the section Default Settings in Appendix A e You do not need to set any filters e You do not want to manage UAP remotely using SNMP Telnet or a Web browser If the above conditions do not apply to your installation you need to configure the UAP through the serial port before you install it To configure and install the UAP see Performing a Standard Installation later in this chapter 2 3 21 Universal Access Point Technical Reference Manual To configure the UAP for your network using the serial port you need e ASCII terminal or PC that is running a terminal emulation program with Y modem capability e RS232 null modem cable The cable must have a 9 pin socket connector to connect to the serial port on the UAP Intermec offers a 9 socket to 9 socket null modem cable Part No 059167 that may be appropriate for your installation Performing a Quick Installation 2 4 CAUTION This section describes how to install the UAP in your network when you do not need to configure any network or radio parameters Caution Government regulatory age
40. keystrokes to move through the configuration menus Key Action T Scroll up through items in a list J Tab Scroll down through items in a list Enter Spacebar Display options or prompt Also use these keys to select the desired setting lt Esc Exit a menu or prompt Display help Esc Cancel editing or online help Enter Complete editing Selecting Menu Options To select a menu option position the cursor on the option and press Enter If the option is surrounded by square brackets you go to another menu For example if you select Quick Start on the main menu and press Enter you go to the Quick Start menu 1 16 Learning About the 21XX Universal Access Point Entering a Value Dialog Box If an option has a wide range of possible values a dialog box appears when you press Enter The dialog box displays the range of values for that option For instance the example below displays the range for the IP address field Type the desired address in the dialog box by entering 4 numbers that range from 0 to 255 and then press Enter Selecting a Predefined Value If an option can have one of several predefined values when you press Enter a menu appears listing the predefined values For instance when you select IP frame type and press Enter a new menu appears listing DIX and SNAP Select the frame type you want and press Enter Network Configuration IP Frame Type DIX Using Online Help
41. listen IGMP This parameter allows you to enable or disable the use of IGMP The default is disabled IGMP lets you establish multiple INCA IP tunnels with a single multicast IP address IGMP allows the root UAP to use a Class D IP multicast address to send INCA IP hello packets through routers to UAPs on other IP subnets Enabling IGMP on remote IP subnets causes intermediate IP routers to forward the INCA IP hello packets to those subnets Configuring the Ports f If you set IGMP to enabled the Multicast Address field appears on the screen The IGMP multicast address must match one of the IP addresses configured in the INCA IP IP Address list in the root UAP For more information about configuring IGMP see Using IGMP later in this section For more information about IGMP and see IGMP in Appendix Multicast Address This field appears on the screen when IGMP is set to enabled The Intermec Class D multicast IP address 224 0 1 65 appears in this field by default You can change the address to any Class D multicast IP address IP Addresses When the Mode parameter is set to originate if root the IP Addresses command appears on the screen When you select this command the IP Addresses menu appears Quick Start INCA IP IP Addresses 1 Address 0 0 0 0 dress dress dress dress aress aress UD SOO DD aress You can define up to eight IP addresses for which your UAP can
42. lt Pass gt lt DIX EtherType gt 08 06 SNAP ARP lt Pass gt lt SNAP EtherType gt 08 06 802 2 IPX RIP Drop lt 802 2 IPX Socket gt 04 51 802 2 IPX SAP Pass lt 802 2 IPX Socket gt 04 53 NNL Pass DIX EtherType 87 5b NETBIOS Pass lt 802 2 SAP gt 0 Use the settings shown here on the Ethernet Customizable Subtype Filter Table menu to filter DIX IPX and 802 3 IPX Bridge Configuration Filters Ethernet Customizable Subtype Filter Table Action SubType Value 1 Drop lt DIX IPX Socket gt 04 51 2 Drop lt 802 3 IPX Socket gt 04 51 5 25 21XX Universal Access Point Technical Reference Manual Setting Global RF Parameters 5 26 You can use the Global RF Parameters menu to set configuration parameters in the root UAP that are distributed throughout the network All UAPs that are root candidates should have the same global RF parameters Note that several of the global RF parameters have a Set Globally parameter that you can either enable or disable If you are configuring the root UAP and you set a global RF parameter to enabled the value for that parameter is set globally for all end devices and UAPs in the network If you set the value to disabled the root does not distribute the global parameters and each device uses its local or default setting The Set Globally parameter has no effect in UAPs that are not the root Note If you do not have any 400 MHz or 900 MHz devices on your network y
43. port if the OpenAir radio is configured as a master and wireless hops is enabled Hello packets are used to maintain the spanning tree Hello packets also serve as beacon messages to synchronize communications with power managed stations You can specify hello packets to be broadcast every 1 2 or 3 seconds The default is 2 seconds Security ID All UAPs and end devices that use 2 4 GHz OpenAir radios in the same network must have the same security ID to communicate with each other This security prevents unauthorized radios from communicating with the UAP Security ID can be from 0 to 20 characters in length The default is null or no security ID Note If you are using RT1100 RT1700 or RT5900 devices with 2 4 GHz OpenAir radios you must limit the security ID to a maximum length of 16 characters Node Type You can configure the UAP as a master or station The default for OpenAir A is master If a second 2 4 GHz OpenAir radio is installed in the UAP the default node type for OpenAir B is station 4 7 21XX Universal Access Point Technical Reference Manual Master List This parameter only appears on the screen if you set node type to station You use the master list to identify those master UAPs that the station UAP can synchronize with When you select this option the following screen appears Quick Start 2 4 GHz OpenAir A Master List Channel Subchannel Master 1 5 5 Master 2 0 0 Master 3 0 0 Master 4 0 0 Master 5 0 0 Mast
44. that compose an IP network Host addresses on a given subnet share an IP network number with hosts on all other subnets of that IP network triangular routing The routing logic used for a mobile IP end device that has roamed to a foreign network Frames destined for a mobile end device are always sent to the home subnet of the end device If the end device has roamed to another subnet the frame must be forwarded to the remote subnet where the end device currently resides 21XX Universal Access Point Technical Reference Manual UAP The 21XX Universal Access Point developed by Intermec Technologies Corporation The UAP features Radio Independent and Network Independent architecture The UAP bridges frames between a wired Ethernet network and a wireless RF network The UAP can also serve as a bridge between two RF networks In this manual the term UAP is used as a general term that includes both the 2100 Universal Access Point and the 2101 Universal Office Access Point unless specifically stated otherwise unicast address A unique Ethernet address assigned to a single device on the network WAP A wireless network device that serves as a repeater It transmits data between a UAP that is connected to the Ethernet network and end devices WEP Wired Equivalent Privacy a feature that can be enabled in some IEEE 802 11 DS radios that allows data encryption for wireless communications wireless bridging A wireless link that connects two wir
45. the UAP monitor service mode allows you to perform certain file functions The commands can cause undesirable results if not properly executed If you are unsure about the proper procedure to use contact Intermec Technical Support for assistance SRVC Use the SRVC command to enter service mode where you perform file functions such as deleting a file and performing a Ymodem download through the serial port To enter service mode 1 Type SRVC and press Enter 2 Enter a password The default password is EV98203S case sensitive When you are in service mode the service prompt service gt appears Service mode has a set of defined commands that you can use To display service mode commands e any letter or number other than B and press Enter The service commands appear on the screen UAPBOOT V3 05 March 5 1999 lt Press any key within 5 seconds to enter the UAP monitor gt uap gt srvc Enter password service gt d service commands File System Directoryl Set Boot Data Segment FDEL f s File Delete Normal power up FE lt slall gt Erase Segment s Quiet power up File System Reset Reboot Run File X Ymodem File Download service gt Most of the commands that you use in service mode are also used in the UAP monitor or console command mode and are described in those sections in this chapter Some additional service commands you may need are listed next 8 6 Advanc
46. the primary LAN primary LAN The Ethernet LAN attached to the that is acting as the INCA root The primary LAN is typically the LAN on which the servers are located Primary and secondary LANs are both distribution LANs QFSK Quad Frequency Shift Key A broadcasting method that shortens the range but doubles the throughput as compared to the BFSK method In UAPs using an OpenAir radio the radio can automatically switch between QFSK and BFSK as needed if the transmit mode is set to AUTO remote subnet An Ethernet segment other than the primary LAN A remote subnet is a secondary LAN remote INCA IP subnet A secondary LAN attached to the INCA network through an INCA IP tunnel root The UAP with the highest root priority becomes the root of the network spanning tree If the root becomes inactive the remaining root candidates negotiate to determine which UAP becomes the new root The root can be used to set system wide flooding and RF parameters The root is also the only node in the INCA network that can originate INCA IP tunnels root port The UAP port that provides the inbound connection to the spanning tree The root port provides a link to a parent UAP Note that a root UAP does not have a root port root subnet The Ethernet segment to which the root UAP connects also known as the primary LAN Glossary G router A software and hardware connection between two or more subnetworks that permits traffic to be route
47. the specified action should be taken Valid operations include e EQ equal e NE not equal e GT greater than e LT less than or equal Value ID Each expression contains a value ID Value ID represents a value in the Filter Values menu The bytes after the packet offset are compared to the data pattern indicated by the value Value ID can be from 0 to 255 and must match one or more value IDs in the Filter Values menu Action You can set the action to pass drop or and If you set the action to and then the filter expression that has the next highest expression sequence is applied Ethernet Advanced Filtering Example This example shows how to use the Ethernet advanced filters to e discard all DIX IP multicast frames except those from a selected list of Ethernet stations The following menu shows the filter values for this example Bridge Configuration Filters Ethernet Advanced Filtering Filter Values Value ID Value 1 0800 01 00c052000001 00c052000002 00c0b2000003 Note that three entries in the value column all have the same value ID of 3 This example demonstrates how to enter a list all entries that have the same value ID belong to the same list Configuring the Bridging Parameters b The following table describes the values shown in the filter values example Value ID Value Description 1 0800 Check for a DIX IP frame 2 01 Check for a multicast broadcast frame 3 00c0b2000001 Check for these sp
48. the status of each UAP is 9 5 which indicates that the is rebooting and that the UAP completed the upgrade process The error and status codes and their meanings are listed on the screen in the Access Points on the Network Help section Habont prcgrsems3 Access Palnts dom der Mansi adiradd If a UAP does not upgrade successfully on the first try select UAP and start the upgrade again If an error occurs during the upgrade process you must click Reboot to boot the UAPs that upgraded successfully D 11 Glossary Glossary G access point A device that bridges frames between a wired network medium such as Ethernet to a wireless or RF network medium An access point can also serve as a bridge between two RF networks Access point in this manual specifically refers to the 21XX Universal Access Point ARP Address Resolution Protocol The protocol used by TCP IP networks to relate IP addresses with the physical network addresses of network interfaces BFSK Binary Frequency Shift Key A broadcasting method that lengthens the range but halves the throughput as compared to the QFSK method In UAPs using OpenAir radio the radio be configured so that 1t automatically switches to this method when the RF protocol determines that throughput is degrading due to range The transmit mode parameter determines if BFSK will be used The default set
49. the transmitter and reassembly by the receiver The default is 250 If you set the 900 MHz Frag Size parameter to disabled the terminal default is used 5 27 21XX Universal Access Point Technical Reference Manual 5 28 400 MHz UHF 900 MHz Awake Time Awake time is the amount of time that an end device stays awake after a transmission A sleeping end device is less responsive to radio activity however a longer awake time places a greater drain on the battery You should set awake time so that an end device stays awake long enough to receive an expected reply to a transmission and short enough to reduce power consumption If an end device is asleep when a reply arrives at its parent UAP the reply is buffered in the UAP until the next scheduled hello message is transmitted When you select 400 MHz UHF 900 MHz Awake Time the following screen appears Bridge Configuration Global RF Parameters 400 MHz UHF 900 MHz Awake Time Set Globally Disabled Value 0 You can enable or disable the Set Globally parameter The default is disabled When awake time is set to disabled each station uses its own default Awake time is specified in tenths of a second For example to specify 7 seconds set awake time to 70 You can set the awake time value to a number from 0 to 250 The default for 900 MHz stations is 1 second The default for UHF stations is 2 seconds An awake time of O is the same as an awake time to 1 the radio sleeps for 1 seco
50. to know the address of one router even if there are several routers on the segment connecting to several other segments If the subnet mask is 255 255 0 0 for example a router that connects subnet 1 to subnet 2 might have the address 172 16 8 1 on subnet 1 and 172 16 16 1 on subnet 2 A host with IP address 172 16 16 5 would specify an IP router address of 172 16 16 1 to reach host 172 16 8 10 The UAP dynamically creates a new IP route table entry whenever it receives an Internet Control Message Protocol ICMP redirect packet For example a default router may return an ICMP redirect packet to a UAP when it receives an IP packet from the UAP and there is a preferred router for the target destination IP Frame Type This parameter indicates the type of frame that contains IP traffic The type can be either DIX or SNAP DIX frames are also known as Ethernet v2 0 frames You typically use DIX frames for TCP IP over an Ethernet network If other computers on your network use RFC1042 SNAP encapsulation for IP frames then select SNAP frame type The default is DIX DHCP The UAP has DHCP client support so that it can automatically accept IP addresses from a DHCP or BOOTP server on the network Preference is given to DHCP servers If a BOOTP reply arrives at the UAP before any DHCP offers are received the UAP waits an additional 4 seconds for a DHCP offer before responding If a DHCP offer is received within the 4 second period the BOOTP reply is ignor
51. tunnel Configuring the 2 4 GHz OpenAir Port This section explains how to configure the 2 4 GHz OpenAir radio in a UAP that is wired to the Ethernet network If you are configuring an OpenAir WAP see Configuring the 2 4 GHz OpenAir WAP in Chapter 3 If you are configuring your 2100s for wireless bridging in a point to point arrangement see Configuring 2 4 GHz OpenAir UAPs for Point to Point Bridging in Chapter 2 4 6 The 2 4 GHz OpenAir radio will communicate with other 2 4 GHz OpenAir radios that have the same LAN ID Channel Subchannel Security ID You may need to set additional radio parameters You use the Quick Start menu to set the LAN ID and you use the 2 4 GHz OpenAir menu to set the radio parameters When you select the 2 4 GHz OpenAir command from the Quick Start menu the 2 4 GHz OpenAir menu appears Configuring the Ports f 2 4 GHz OpenAir Port Configuration Menu Quick Start 2 4 GHz OpenAir A MAC Address 00 20 a6 33 8f 9b Port Control lt Enabled gt Hello Period lt 2 Seconds gt Security ID Node Type lt Master gt Channel 1 Subchannel 1 Wireless Hops lt Disabled gt MAC Configuration lt Default gt MAC Address This read only parameter displays the MAC address of this port Port Control This parameter allows you to enable or disable the 2 4 GHz OpenAir port The default is enabled Hello Period This parameter controls how frequently the UAP broadcasts hello packets on the OpenAir
52. type 0 3 0 0 00 Be sure you allow enough time for the download to complete before the UAP reboots Intermec recommends that you allow at least ten minutes for the download to complete 11 Inthe Set Active Pointers list box select Both 12 Click Start Upgrading Other UAPs After you have upgraded the root UAP with UAP code version 3 49 or greater you can upgrade the other UAPs on the network through a Web browser For information on establishing a Web browser session with the UAP see Chapter 6 Managing the UAP Remotely From the Universal Access Point Configuration Web page you can select the Upgrade Other UAPs command to upgrade the remaining UAPs on the network Note You MUST access the Upgrade Other UAPs function through a browser session with the root UAP to perform this firmware upgrade When you use the Upgrade Other UAPs command on the root UAP the screen displays all 21XX and 6710 access points on the network that have the same LAN ID as the root The screen also displays the current firmware version of each UAP Note Although the Upgrade Other UAPs screen displays 6710 access points on the network you can only upgrade 21XX devices using this feature Also to upgrade a 21 XX that is on a secondary LAN the UAP must have the same default IP router as the root UAP on the primary LAN From the Upgrade Other UAPs screen you can e select the UAPs to upgrade e select the source of the upgrade either the active or
53. type a valid password and press Enter the Configuration menu appears Configuration of Universal Access Point Quick Start Network Configuration Bridge Configuration Summary Maintenance Save Configuration Reboot To configure network parameters 1 Use the arrow keys or Tab key to position on Quick Start and press Enter The Quick Start menu appears Quick Start IP Address 0 0 0 0 IP Subnet Mask 255 255 255 0 LAN ID Domain 0 AP Name 1234567890 thernet 4 GHz OpenAir A NCA IP 2 Configure these parameters using the Quick Start menu e Address e P Subnet Mask e LAN ID Domain See Using the Quick Start Menu later in this chapter for more information 2 10 Installing and Configuring the UAP 2 3 To configure the radio parameters choose the radio port from the Quick Start menu and then configure the parameters If you are using 2 4 GHz OpenAir radios configure these parameters Channel Subchannel Node Type Security ID Additionally if you are configuring one UAP as a master and a second UAP as a station you must enable wireless hops in the master UAP For more information see Configuring the 2 4 GHz OpenAir Port in Chapter 4 If you have a 2100 with a 900 MHz Falcon radio configure the Mode Channel parameter For more information see Configuring the 900 MHz Falcon Port in Chapter 4 If you are using IEEE 802 11 DS radios configure these paramete
54. upgrading a UAP Step 1 Delete files file sdvars set checkpoint 1 file fe ib file fe id Step 2 Get boot files file sdvars set checkpoint 2 file tftp get data bootchk dnl ib file tftp get startup uap dnl ib file tftp get startup uapboot dnl ib Advanced Features Sample Script File continued Step 3 Get data files file sdvars set checkpoint 3 file tftp get data bkgrnd dnl id file tftp get data bootchk dnl id file tftp get data discinca dnl id file tftp get data falcon_ dnl id file tftp get data help dnl id file tftp get data hlp dnl id file tftp get data intermec dnl id file tftp get data menu dnl id file tftp get data sftdwnl dnl id file tftp get data welcome dnl id file tftp get data write dnl id Step 4 Set checkpoint to show completed file sdvars set checkpoint 4 Using SNMP The UAP supports SNMP management Contact your Intermec representative for information about obtaining a copy of the MIB The passwords for accessing the SNMP communityTable are shown below Type of Access MIB Password read only public read write CR52401 8 19 Specifications Specifications A This appendix provides technical specifications and system defaults for reference purposes only Actual product performance and compliance with local telecommunications regulations may vary from country to country Intermec only ships products that are type approved in the des
55. will help you understand operational requirements for INCA IP Address Restrictions End devices that are using IP must be assigned IP addresses that are on the home IP subnet The home IP subnet is the subnet connected to the root UAP There are no address restrictions for non IP end devices Installation Restrictions Servers that use a routable network protocol such as IP or IPX may be located on any subnet however triangular routing can be minimized if servers are located on the home subnet for end devices Note that this is also true for standard Mobile IP INCA IP does not require changes to default INCA flooding and bridging settings if it is only used for routable protocols even if servers are located on remote subnets The Intermec NNL protocol is a simple Non routable Network Layer protocol that is used to carry high layer data in a local area network environment An Intermec NNL gateway forwards NNL traffic to non NNL hosts such as TCP IP You can use the default INCA flooding and bridging settings and minimize triangular routing if NNL gateways are located on the home subnet You must enable outbound multicast flooding and secondary bridging for remote INCA IP subnets that contain NNL gateways Understanding INCA IP Bridging Restrictions By default wireless traffic is not bridged to a remote INCA IP subnet If bridging to a remote subnet is enabled then the subnet functions as a secondary LAN and a single UAP function
56. 04 15 Port Control lt Enabled gt Hello Period lt 2 Seconds gt INCA Frame Type lt DIX gt MAC Address This read only parameter displays the MAC address of this port Port Control This parameter lets you enable or disable the Ethernet port The default is enabled Hello Period This parameter controls how frequently the UAP broadcasts hello packets on the Ethernet network Hello packets are used to maintain the spanning tree and serve as beacon messages to synchronize communications with power managed stations Only the root UAP sends hello packets on the primary Ethernet LAN Only the designated bridge sends hello packets on a secondary LAN You can specify hello packets to be broadcast every 1 2 or 3 seconds The default is 2 seconds INCA Frame Type This parameter controls whether DIX DIX type hex 875C or 802 3 SNAP headers are used for INCA frames The default INCA frame type is DIX Configuring the INCA IP Port The INCA IP port is a logical port and does not exist in a physical sense For ease of configuration INCA IP is referred to as a port The INCA IP port provides IP encapsulation services for frames that must be routed to reach their destination After encapsulation frames are transmitted or received through one of the physical ports INCA IP is a protocol that is used to enhance the MAC layer for roaming functionality between UAPs on different IP subnets You can think of the INCA IP port as an IP tunnel that all
57. 13 Understanding the Connectors 1 14 Navigating Through the Configuration Menus 1 16 Basic Keystrokes 1 16 Selecting Menu Options 1 16 Entering a Value in a Dialog Box 1 17 Selecting a Predefined Value 1 17 Using Online Help 1 17 Understanding the Summary Screen 1 18 21XX Universal Access Point Technical Reference Manual Installing and Configuring the UAP 2 System Requirements 2 3 Installation Requirements 2 3 Configuration Requirements 2 3 Performing a Quick Installation 2 4 Performing a Standard Installation 2 5 Attaching an Antenna 2 5 Connecting to the Serial Port 2 7 Applying Power 2 7 Configuring Communications Parameters 2 8 Logging Onto the UAP 2 9 Configuring Network Parameters 2 10 Mounting the UAP 2 12 Connecting to the Ethernet Network 2 12 Using the Quick Start Menu 2 13 Using the Network Configuration Menu 2 15 Leases 2 17 Configuring UAPs for Point to Point Bridging 2 18 Configuring 2 4 GHz OpenAir UAPs for Point to Point Bridging 2 18 Configuring 900 MHz Falcon UAPs for Point to Point Bridging 2 19 Installation Requirements 3 3 Installing the WAP 3 3 Attaching an Antenna 3 4 Connecting to the Serial Port 3 6 Applying Power 3 6 Configuring Communications Parameters 3 7 Logging Onto the WAP 3 8 Configuring the WAP 3 9 Mounting the WAP 3 9 Configuring the 2 4 GHz OpenAir WAP 3 10 Using the Quick Start Menu 3 11 Using the Network Configuration Menu 3 12 Configuring the 2 4 GHz OpenAir Radi
58. 4 tftp put 1 2 3 4 ib uap prg ab uap prg The following error messages may be generated by the UAP when the UAP issues a TFTP put command Other error messages may be returned from the server and displayed by the UAP See your server documentation Error Message Explanation Can t read file The requested file may not exist Invalid opcode during put This error should not occur under normal operating conditions This error indicates a TFTP protocol error that will not occur when you use TFTP servers that conform to the protocol Advanced Features tftp server log Your UAP can function as a TFTP server You can use the TFTP server log command to save a history of TFTP client requests The format is tftp server log The TFTP server log contains useful TFTP server status information The log begins when you set up the server You must reboot the UAP to clear the log tftp server start UAP can obtain files from a TFTP server You can enable one UAP to act as a TFTP server and download files to additional UAPs You use the TFTP server start command to enable your UAP to act as a server The format is tftp server start After you issue this command the UAP responds to TFTP client requests that are directed to its IP address When acting as a server the UAP supports up to 4 concurrent TFTP sessions tftp server stop When you are done transferring files you can stop the UAP from being a TFTP server by using the TFTP server s
59. 5 15 setting filter values 5 14 when applied 5 14 Analysis Tools menu port statistics 7 6 UAP connections 7 5 antenna connector identifying 2 6 dipole 2 5 3 4 directional C 3 installing 2 5 3 4 obtaining 2 3 3 3 omni C 3 placement for 2 4 GHz OpenAir WAP C 3 placement for IEEE 802 11 DS C 5 placement guidelines C 3 antenna diversity C 4 AP density IEEE 802 11 DS parameter 4 18 AP name configuring from Quick Start menu 2 14 3 12 3 20 applying power 2 7 3 6 architecture A 6 ARP 2 17 3 14 3 22 server mode configuring 5 5 ASCII terminal 2 7 3 6 assigning root priority 5 5 attach priority UHF 4 21 attaching an antenna 2 5 3 4 auto ARP minutes 2 17 3 14 3 22 AUTO transmit mode setting 4 11 autobaud baud rate setting 8 5 B baud rate setting 8 5 BFSK transmit mode setting 4 11 boot segment 8 3 BOOTP 2 16 3 14 3 21 Bridge Configuration menu server mode 5 5 Ethernet bridging 5 4 filters 5 5 global flooding 5 4 global RF parameters 5 5 root priority 5 3 secondary LAN bridge priority 5 4 secondary LAN flooding 5 4 bridging features 1 5 bridging secondary LAN 5 6 C cable access door 1 15 21 Universal Access Point Technical Reference Manual cable continued antenna obtaining 2 3 3 3 power obtaining 2 3 3 3 RS 232 obtaining 2 4 3 3 call sign UHF 4 20 channel parameter 2 4 GHz OpenAir 3 16 4 8 commonly asked questions 7 8 Configuratio
60. 55 255 255 0 the subnet address is 192 168 150 The default IP subnet mask is 255 255 255 0 Installing and Configuring a Wireless Access Point 3 If this WAP is installed an existing segment the subnet mask should match the other computers on the segment If you are using DHCP to obtain an IP address then the subnet mask that is obtained from DHCP will supersede this one If you are using the suggested 192 168 h h IP address you should use the subnet mask of 255 255 0 0 This mask provides network 192 168 with space for thousands of devices IP Router This parameter identifies the address of the default router that the WAP uses to route packets to other subnets or networks The range is 4 numbers from 0 to 255 The first number cannot be zero unless all remaining numbers are zero The first node also cannot be 127 or greater than 223 The default is 0 0 0 0 which disables the ability of this subnet to exchange TCP IP traffic with another subnet or network If you are using DHCP to obtain an IP address for this WAP and a DHCP server specifies a default IP router then the DHCP specification will supersede the value you set in this IP router field IP routers are typically configured so that WAP only needs to know the address of one router even if there are several routers on the segment connecting to several other segments If the subnet mask is 255 255 255 0 for example a router that connects subnet 1 to subnet 2 might have t
61. 8 4 11 frame forwarding inbound B 10 outbound B 10 frame types never forwarded B 6 frequency IEEE 802 11 DS parameter 4 14 UHF parameter 4 21 G General Router Encapsulation See GRE global flooding Bridge Configuration menu option 5 4 setting parameters in root 5 7 Global Flooding menu multicast flood mode 5 7 multicast outbound to secondary LANs 5 8 multicast outbound to terminals 5 7 unicast flood mode 5 8 unicast outbound to secondary LANs 5 8 unicast outbound to terminals 5 8 Global RF Parameters menu 400 MHz UHF frag size 5 27 400 MHz UHF Rfp threshold 5 26 400 MHz UHF 900 MHz awake time 5 28 900 MHz frag size 5 27 RFC1042 types to pass through 5 29 RFC1042 DIX conversion 5 28 GRE 1 4 B 3 H hello period configuring for 2 4 GHz OpenAir port 3 16 4 7 configuring for 900 MHz Falcon port 3 23 4 12 configuring for Ethernet port 4 3 configuring for IEEE 802 11 DS port 4 14 configuring for INCA IP port 4 4 configuring for UHF port 4 20 help online 1 17 Index hierarchical multicast flood mode setting 5 7 unicast flood mode setting 5 8 home subnet 5 20 humidity 3 HyperTerminal 2 8 3 7 2 16 3 13 3 21 5 12 802 11 DS radio Advanced Configuration menu 4 18 antenna diversity C 4 antennas placing C 5 AP density 4 18 channels A 5 data rate A 5 DTIM period 4 19 factory default settings A 9 frequency 4 14 frequency band A 5 hello period
62. 8 5 394 436 5 425 051 5 428 636 5 483 676 5 504 746 5 546 397 5 574 979 5 592 512 5 680 633 5 682 299 Other Related Manuals You may need additional information when working with the 21XX Universal Access Point Please visit our Web site at www intermec com to download many of our current manuals in PDF format To order printed versions of the Intermec manuals contact your local Intermec representative or distributor Learning About the 21 Universal Access Point Learning About the 21XX Universal Access Point This chapter provides an overview of the 21XX Universal Access Point What Is the Intermec 21XX Universal Access Point The Intermec 21X X Universal Access Point UAP is an extended range high performance wireless local area network LAN device UAPs extend the range of your wired network by providing network communications between the wired network and wireless end devices You can use the system defaults or configure the device to meet your particular network needs The UAP has been designed to be powerful yet easy to use The UAP can be configured as an access point or as a point to point bridge An access point attaches to a wired network and provides wireless network access for end devices A point to point bridge connects two wired LANs A point to point bridge is often used to provide wireless communications in locations where it is difficult to run cable such as across roads or between buildings
63. AP Remotely Creating INCA IP Tunnels To create INCA IP tunnels you configure the root UAP to originate the tunnels and then you specify the IP addresses of the UAPs that are to listen at the other end of each tunnel For more information about INCA IP and configuring INCA IP tunnels see Appendix B Understanding INCA IP When you configure INCA IP tunnels through the Web browser you must configure the root to originate tunnels and then you must submit the change and commit the change before the IP Addresses command appears on the screen To create INCA IP tunnels 1 From the Configuration menu choose the Quick Start command and then choose the INCA IP command 2 Configure the Mode parameter to Originate If Root Click Submit Changes When the Operation Complete screen appears click Back gt Choose the Review write Changes command The Summary of Changes screen appears Confirm that the change appears Click Commit When the Operation Complete screen appears click Back Click Return to menus The IP Addresses command now appears on the screen oo m Choose the Addresses command The IP Addresses screen appears Dinero real ce Pert Llar Berroh in DLE EM ye Fees Imh Heb E dt Uu 1 na a x So oS Y Back im Hee Geert Favim Pri p 201011311 a gi n nr Da HL PCM cra man Ge fachnningiuss Arar Universal
64. B 8 Operation B 8 Tunnel Origination B 8 Building the Spanning Tree B 9 Establishing and Maintaining Tunnels B 9 sy So E Contents Redundancy B 9 Frame Forwarding B 10 Outbound B 10 Inbound B 10 End Device Mobility B 10 Mobile IP Comparison B 11 Configuring an INCA IP Tunnel B 12 INCA Topologies B 13 IGMP B 14 Positioning Antennas Antenna Placement Guidelines C 3 Positioning the Antennas for a 2 4 GHz OpenAir WAP C 3 Positioning the Antennas for an IEEE 802 11 DS Radio C 4 Upgrading the UAP Upgrading UAP Firmware D 3 Performing a Serial Transfer D 3 Performing a TFTP Transfer D 5 Performing a TFTP Transfer Via a Telnet Session D 5 Performing a TFTP Transfer Via a Web Browser Session D 6 Upgrading Other UAPs D 8 Glossary Index xi Before You Begin Before You Begin This section introduces you to standard warranty provisions safety precautions cautions and notes document formatting conventions and sources of additional product information A documentation roadmap is also provided to guide you in finding the appropriate information Warranty Information To receive a copy of the standard warranty provision for this product contact your local Intermec sales organization In the U S you can call 1 800 755 5505 and in Canada call 1 800 688 7043 Otherwise refer to the Worldwide Sales amp Service list that ships with this manual for the address and telephone number of your Intermec Technolo
65. Configuration menu to configure the IP router Network Configuration Address 0 0 0 0 Subnet Mask 255 255 255 0 Router 0 0 0 0 Frame Type lt DIX gt DHCP lt Enabled if IP address is zero gt DHCP Server Name Auto ARP Minutes Installing and Configuring a Wireless Access Point 3 IP Address Each node that communicates with the Ethernet network must have a unique IP address The IP address is a network level address assigned to each device in a TCP IP network The default IP address is 0 0 0 0 The range is to 255 The first number cannot be zero unless all remaining numbers are zero The first node also cannot be 127 or greater than 223 If the IP address is 0 0 0 0 and DHCP is enabled the IP address is obtained via DHCP If the IP address is 0 0 0 0 and DHCP is disabled TCP IP access to this UAP is disabled IP Subnet Mask The subnet mask is used in the IP protocol to separate the subnet address from the local IP address The IP protocol performs a bit wise AND on the IP address and the subnet mask For example if the IP address is 192 168 150 184 and the subnet mask is 255 255 255 0 the subnet address is 192 168 150 The default IP subnet mask is 255 255 255 0 If this WAP is installed on an existing segment the subnet mask should match the other computers on the segment If you are using DHCP to obtain an IP address then the subnet mask that is obtained from DHCP will supersede this one If you are using the sug
66. EE 802 11 DS parameter 4 18 menu option selecting 1 16 menus 2 4 GHz OpenAir port 3 15 4 6 900 MHz Falcon port 3 23 4 12 Bridge Configuration 5 3 Configuration 1 16 Ethernet port 4 3 4 4 filter 5 9 to 5 22 Global RF Parameters 5 26 IEEE 802 11 DS port 4 14 INCA IP port 4 3 Maintenance 7 3 Quick Start 2 13 3 11 Summary 1 18 UHF port 4 20 MIB passwords 8 19 microwave ovens 1 12 Mobile IP B 11 mode configuring for INCA IP port 4 4 mode channel configuring 3 23 4 12 mounting the UAP 2 12 the WAP 3 9 to maintain environmental rating 2 12 3 9 multicast address configuring for IGMP 4 5 multicast frames about 5 7 multicast rate IEEE 802 11 DS parameter 4 19 N network name IEEE 802 11 DS port 4 14 optimizing 1 12 organization 1 6 traffic using filters to reduce 5 9 Network Configuration menu auto ARP minutes 2 17 3 14 3 22 DHCP 2 16 3 14 3 21 DHCP server name 2 17 3 14 3 22 IP frame type 2 16 3 13 3 21 IP router 2 16 3 13 3 21 NNL B 4 no flooding ARP server mode setting 5 5 node type 2 4 GHz OpenAir radio 3 16 non bridging secondary LAN 5 6 non routable network layer See NNL norm ack retry 3 18 4 11 norm QFSK retry 3 18 4 11 normal flooding ARP server mode setting 5 5 normal mode 8 7 0 obtaining help with your installation 7 9 omni antenna C 3 online help using 1 17 optimizing network performance 1 12 outbound to secondary LANs settings 5 8
67. Filter Expressions menu the following menu appears Bridge Configuration Filters Ethernet Advanced Filtering Filter Exp 1 ExprSeq 0 Offset 0 Mask Op EQ Value ID 0 Action And ExprSeq You can use the expression sequence parameter to chain expressions together for filtering The ExprSeq parameter works with the Action parameter For example if the action is set to And then the next sequence in another expression is processed After you change the parameter the statements are physically reordered and renumbered so the expression sequence order is maintained The range is from 0 to 255 Offset You can use the offset to identify a point inside a packet where testing for the expression is to start Offset values can range from to 65535 Mask You can enter a data pattern that is applied to the packet If the data pattern in the mask matches the packet then the specified action is performed The mask indicates the bits that are significant at the specified offset A bit is significant if a bit in the mask is set to one If this field is empty the length of the field is determined by the longest value in the Filter Values menu for the specified value ID The mask values are entered in hexadecimal pairs You can enter 0 to 8 pairs 5 15 21XX Universal Access Point Technical Reference Manual 5 16 Op Operation When a data pattern matches a value in the Filter Values menu a logical operation is performed to determine if
68. IP Predefined Subtype Filter Table menu to set filters on certain frame subtypes Bridge Configuration Filters INCA IP Predefined Subtype Filter Table Action Subtype Value DIX ARP Drop lt DIX EtherType gt 08 06 SNAP ARP lt gt lt SNAP EtherType gt 08 06 802 2 IPX RIP p gt lt 802 2 IPX Socket gt 53 802 2 IPX SAP p gt lt 802 2 IPX Socket gt 04 52 NNL s gt lt DIX EtherType gt 87 5b NETBIOS p gt lt 802 2 SAP gt f0 0 ICMP p gt lt DIX IP Protocol gt 00 01 Action You can set the filter to either pass or drop the frame subtype Subtype This read only field provides information about the subtype Value This read only field provides information about the subtype value Using the INCA IP Customizable Subtype Filter Table Menu You can use the INCA IP Customizable Subtype Filter Table menu to create customized filters A portion of the INCA IP Customizable Subtype Filter Table menu is shown here Bridge Configuration Filters INCA IP Customizable Subtype Filter Table Action Subtype Value lt Drop gt DIX IP ICP POrt 00 00 Drop lt DIX IP TCP Port gt 00 00 Drop lt DIX IP TCP Port gt 00 00 Action You can set the filter to either pass or drop the frame subtype Subtype When you select subtype the SubType dialog box appears You can select the frame subtype you wish to filter Value Refer to the table on the following page for information about the value for a specific subtype The
69. IP address list in the root UAP configured through the INCA IP port e Secondary LAN bridge priority settings e Enabling disabling INCA IP ports A tunnel can never be established on a disabled INCA IP port The discussion below assumes that INCA IP ports are enabled unless noted otherwise The INCA IP address list can contain any combination of IP unicast IP broadcast or IP multicast addresses Only one INCA IP tunnel can be created for each IP unicast address in the list A single IP multicast address can be used to create a practically unlimited number of tunnels to multiple remote IP subnets A single IP directed broadcast address can be used to create a practically unlimited number of tunnels to a single remote IP subnet An IP directed broadcast address is typically used to specify all hosts on a single remote subnet By default bridging to a remote INCA IP subnet is disabled In this default case any UAP on a remote subnet that can receive INCA IP hello messages can establish an INCA IP tunnel therefore multiple INCA IP tunnels can exist between the root UAP and a single remote IP subnet If INCA IP hello messages are sent to unicast IP addresses then some UAPs on a remote subnet will likely not receive hello messages and therefore will not be able to establish an INCA IP tunnel If bridging is disabled on the subnet then wireless traffic is forwarded to and from these UAPs through data link tunnels A data link tunnel is logical
70. IX is the most common type Set filters only for the Ethernet types found on your network Configuring the Bridging Parameters b Network Filter Example IP Host Novell Server gs IP Wireless IP Host IPX Host Stations El 21XXT027 eps Example 1 UAPs 1 3 5 and 6 service only IP end devices These UAPs need to pass IP traffic but eliminate IPX traffic that does not need to be forwarded to the primary or secondary LAN You use the Ethernet Frame Type Filter Table menu to filter the IPX frames No subtype filters are needed The Ethernet Frame Type Filter Table menu is shown on the next page 5 23 21XX Universal Access Point Technical Reference Manual Ethernet Frame Type Filter Table Menu for Example 1 5 24 Bridge Configuration Filters Ethernet Frame Type Filter Table Action Scope DIX TP IC6P Pores lt Pass gt lt All gt DIX IP UDP Ports lt Pass gt lt All DIX IP Other Protocols lt Pass gt lt All DIX IPX Sockets Drop gt lt 11 DIX Other EtherTypes Pass gt lt Unl SNAP IP TCP Ports Pass gt lt All SNAP IP UDP Ports Pass gt lt All SNAP IP Other Protocol lt Pass gt lt Unl SNAP IPX Sockets Drop gt lt 11 SNAP Other EtherTypes Pass gt 802 3 IPX Sockets Pass gt 802 2 IPX Sockets Pass gt 802 2 Other SAPs Pass gt Example 2 UAPs 2 and 4 service IP end devices as well as wired IP and IPX hosts on the secondary LAN In addition these UAPs pass IPX traffic The IPX route
71. Mbps Data is transmitted by Keying shifting between 2 frequencies to represent 1 bit of O or 1 BFSK has extended range over QFSK at the expense of throughput QFSK Quadrature Frequency Shift Transmits at 1 6 Mbps Data is transmitted by Keying shifting among four frequencies to represent 2 bits of 0 or 1 QFSK has better throughput than BFSK at the expense of range AUTO default Automatically adapts the bit rate to the error conditions The transmit mode is automatically selected for the best range and throughput Norm Ack Retry This parameter controls the number of times an unfragmented frame is resent unsuccessfully before fragmenting You can set norm ack retry to a value from to 255 The default is 255 which allows the radio to choose an optimal value The norm ack retry count includes the norm QFSK retry count therefore norm ack retry should be greater than norm QFSK retry Frag Ack Retry This parameter controls the number of times any fragmented QFSK or BFSK frame is resent unsuccessfully before failing You can set frag ack retry to a value from 1 to 255 The default is 255 which allows the radio to choose an optimal value The frag ack retry count includes the frag QFSK retry count therefore frag ack retry should be greater than frag QFSK retry Norm QFSK Retry This parameter controls the number of times that an unfragmented QFSK frame is resent unsuccessfully before switching to BFSK This parameter is only in ef
72. NCA IP can also be used to route protocols that are normally not routable UAP 1 root Primary LAN home subnet IP router CCCCCCCCC RIT UAPS X Designated Bridge Secondary LAN remote subnet 21XXT028 eps Wireless stations B 3 21XX Universal Access Point Technical Reference Manual You should have a basic understanding of IP addressing conventions and routing before you attempt to configure and use the advanced capability of INCA IP INCA IP does the following e Enables access points on different IP subnets to belong to the same wireless network e Supports transparent roaming of end devices between access points that are on different IP subnets without losing network connections e Supports end devices using both IP and other routable or nonroutable protocols You activate INCA IP by configuring the root UAP to originate INCA IP tunnels The IP tunnel originates at the root UAP on the home IP subnet and terminates at a UAP on a remote IP subnet Frames forwarded through the tunnel are encapsulated using the standard GRE protocol running over IP The port differs from the physical ports within UAP The INCA IP port is a logical port that provides IP encapsulation services for frames that must be routed to reach their destination After encapsulation frames are transmitted or received through the physical Ethernet ports INCA IP Restrictions B 4 This section
73. Nodes in the radio network communicate exclusively with nodes on the primary LAN A node in the radio network does not communicate with other nodes in the radio network Universal Any node can communicate with any other node For example a device in the radio network may communicate with another device in the radio network or with a server on a secondary LAN Disabled Unicast frames are not flooded Unicast flooding is not required default for Intermec terminal emulation applications Unicast Outbound to Terminals This parameter only appears if the Unicast Flood Mode parameter is set to hierarchical or universal This network wide parameter controls if outbound unicast frames are flooded to wireless devices You can set this parameter to enabled or disabled The default is disabled You can set the Unicast Outbound to Terminals parameter to disabled if any of the following statements apply to your network e stations in the radio network periodically generate traffic as least once every four minutes e stations in the radio network explicitly attach to the network e Any outbound unicast message that is destined to a station in the radio network is always preceded by an inbound message from the station This situation occurs in some terminal emulation and client server applications Unicast Outbound to Secondary LANs This option only appears if the Unicast Flood Mode parameter is set to hierarchical or universal This option
74. OpenAir Port in Chapter 4 2 4 GHz OpenAir B This menu command appears if a 2 4 GHz OpenAir radio is installed in the second radio slot in the UAP Choose this menu command to access the OpenAir port configuration menu For information about configuring this port see Configuring the 2 4 GHz OpenAir Port in Chapter 4 900 MHz This menu command appears if a 900 MHz Falcon radio is installed in the UAP Choose this menu command to access the 900 MHz Falcon port configuration menu For information about configuring this port see Configuring the 900 MHz Falcon Port in Chapter 4 UHF A This menu command appears if a UHF radio is installed in the UAP Choose this menu command to access the UHF port configuration menu For information about configuring this port see Configuring the UHF Port in Chapter 4 IEEE 802 11 DS A This menu command appears if an IEEE 802 11 DS radio is installed in your UAP Choose this menu command to access the IEEE 802 11 DS port configuration menu For information about configuring this port see Configuring the IEEE 802 11 Direct Sequence Port in Chapter 4 INCA IP Choose this menu command to access the INCA IP port configuration menu For information about configuring this port see Configuring the INCA IP Port in Chapter 4 Installing and Configuring the UAP 2 Using the Network Configuration Menu You use the Network Configuration menu to configure the UAP for your network I
75. P to configure root candidates to the originate if root setting Configure the IP Addresses table using the appropriate addressing for UAPs on each remote IP subnet All root candidates should be configured identically To configure INCA IP filters choose Bridge Configuration from the main menu and then choose Filters Configure filters in all root UAP candidates and in other UAPs that can attach through an INCA IP tunnel INCA IP output port filters are consistent with Ethernet type and subtype filters For networks using IP networking on end devices Intermec recommends that you use the ARP server capability in the UAP You may need to enable bridging on remote INCA IP subnets For example bridging must be enabled if an Intermec NNL gateway is attached to the remote subnet If bridging is required configure one or more designated bridge candidates by setting the Secondary LAN Bridge Priority parameter to a value greater than zero The designated bridge candidates must have permanent IP addresses and must be able to receive INCA IP hello messages from the root UAP A UAP will receive INCA IP hello messages if the messages are sent to the unicast IP address of the UAP or to an IP directed broadcast or IP multicast address Note that IGMP may be required for IP multicast Understanding INCA IP INCA Topologies The creation of tunnels between the root UAP and remote IP subnets is controlled by three operational parameters e The INCA
76. P to factory default values Maintenance Analysis Tools Console Command Password MOkckckckckckckckckckckckckck ko If Service Password Enabled Read Current Configurations From Flash Read Factory Default Configurations About Intermec UAP Analysis Tools Select this option to access the Analysis Tools menu From this menu you can select the UAP Connections screen or the Port Statistics screen For more information see Using Analysis Tools later in this section Console Command When you select this option from the Maintenance menu you go to Console Command mode where you can manipulate the UAP files and upgrade the UAP firmware To return to the UAP monitor from Console Command mode type exit and press Enter For more information about using Console Command mode see Chapter 8 Advanced Features Password You can change the password that allows access to these UAP configuration menus The password can be up to 16 characters in length and is not case sensitive The default is Intermec Service Password Intermec maintains a service password so that an Intermec Service representative can configure this UAP if necessary For example if you forget the configuration password the Intermec representative can access the menus using the service password By default the service password is enabled If setting a service password violates your security guidelines you can disable the service password ej Note If y
77. QFSK retry Frag Ack Retry This parameter controls the number of times any fragmented QFSK or BFSK frame is resent unsuccessfully before failing You can set fragmented acknowledge retry to a value from 1 to 255 The default is 255 which allows the radio to choose an optimal value The frag ack retry count includes the frag QFSK retry count therefore frag ack retry should be greater than frag QFSK retry Norm QFSK Retry This parameter controls the number of times that an unfragmented QFSK frame is resent unsuccessfully before switching to BFSK This parameter is only in effect when transmit mode is set to AUTO You can set normal QFSK retry to a value from 1 to 255 The default value is 255 Frag QFSK Retry Fragmented QFSK retry controls the number of times a fragmented QFSK frame is resent unsuccessfully before switching to BFSK This parameter is only in effect when transmit mode is set to AUTO You can set fragmented QFSK retry to a value from 1 to 255 The default is 255 4 11 21XX Universal Access Point Technical Reference Manual Configuring the 900 MHz Falcon Port The 900 MHz Falcon radio will communicate with other 900 MHz Falcon radios that have the same e LANID e Mode Channel You use the Quick Start menu to set the LAN ID Use the 900 MHz Falcon menu to set the radio parameters including mode channel When you select the 900 MHz Falcon command from the Quick Start menu the 900 MHz Falcon menu appears Quick Start
78. Request e Address Mask Reply e Trace Route An IP or ARP frame is never forwarded inbound through an INCA IP tunnel unless the source IP address belongs to the home IP subnet The home subnet is the IP subnet that is physically connected to the root UAP An IP frame is never forwarded outbound through an INCA IP tunnel unless the destination belongs to the home subnet The INCA IP Frame Type Filter Table menu is shown here Bridge Configuration Filters INCA IP Frame Type Filter Table Action Scope DIX IP TCOP Ports Drop nlisted DIX IP UDP Ports Drop nlisted DIX IP Other Protocols Drop nlisted DIX IPX Sockets Drop nlisted DIX Other EtherTypes Drop nlisted SNAP IP TCP Ports Drop nlisted SNAP IP UDP Ports Drop nlisted SNAP IP Other Protocols Drop nlisted SNAP IPX Sockets Drop nlisted SNAP Other EtherTypes Drop nlisted 802 3 IPX Sockets Drop nlisted 802 2 IPX Sockets Drop nlisted 802 2 Other SAPs Drop listed Action You can set the filter to either pass or drop that type of frame Scope The scope can be set to either unlisted or all If you select all then all frames of that type are filtered If you set the scope to unlisted then frames of that type are filtered only if they are not in the predefined or customizable INCA IP tables described later in this chapter Configuring the Bridging Parameters b Using the INCA IP Predefined Subtype Filter Table Menu You can use the INCA
79. Technical Reference Manual 3 12 If you are using the suggested 192 168 h h IP address you should use the subnet mask of 255 255 0 0 This mask provides network 192 168 with space for thousands of devices LAN ID Domain The LAN ID or domain identifies the INCA spanning tree All devices in a wireless network must have the same LAN ID The range is O to 254 The default value is 0 Note If you assign a LAN ID greater than 15 for an OpenAir radio the value the WAP uses is the remainder after dividing the LAN ID by 16 For example the domain is 5 if the LAN ID is 5 21 or 37 AP Name You can assign a unique name to identify this WAP in the network AP name can be from 1 to 16 characters long The default AP name is the serial number of the WAP AP name is also used by the OpenAir master to distinguish the radios in this unit from other radios in the network Only the first 11 characters are used for the OpenAir master name Ethernet You need to select this command and then disable port control so your UAP functions as a wireless device 2 4 GHz OpenAir A Select this command to configure OpenAir radio A in your WAP 2 4 GHz OpenAir B Select this command to configure OpenAir radio B in your WAP Using the Network Configuration Menu If your WAP will communicate with devices on the other side of a router you must set the IP address of the router that will forward data frames to addresses on another subnet Use the Network
80. al xiv CAUTION Cautions and Notes The cautions and notes in this manual use the following format Caution A caution alerts you to an operating procedure practice condition or statement that must be strictly observed to prevent equipment damage or destruction or corruption or loss of data Conseil Une pr caution vous avertit d une procedure de fonctionnement d une methode d un tat ou d un rapport qui doit tre strictement respect pour emp cher Pendommagement ou la destruction de l quipement ou Palt ration ou la perte de donn es Note Notes either provide extra information about a topic or contain special instructions for handling a particular condition or set of circumstances About This Manual The 27 Universal Access Point Technical Reference Manual provides you with information about the features of this product and how to install configure and troubleshoot it You must be familiar with your host PC your other Intermec equipment and your network What You Will Find in This Manual This table summarizes the information in each chapter of this manual For Information On Refer To Understanding the access point and Chapter 1 Learning About the 21XX Universal its features Access Point explains the features of the access point and how it works in an RF network Installing and configuring the 21XX Chapter 2 Installing and Configuring the UAP Universal Access Point explains how t
81. al port on a PC terminal that is powered off Applying Power 1 If you have a 2100 plug one end of a power cable into the power port on UAP If you have a 2101 plug the power cable into the power supply and then plug the power supply into the 2101 2 Plug the other end of the power cable into an AC power outlet The UAP has no On Off switch so it boots as soon as you apply power The following screen appears on your PC or terminal after the UAP has loaded the UAP Monitor boot code and UAP Program code UAP Monitor V3 05 March 5 1999 Press any key within 5 seconds to enter the UAP monitor Executing file UAP PRG from segment 1 UAP V3 77 September 1 1999 Press any key within 5 seconds to configure the UAP before starting System 2 7 21XX Universal Access Point Technical Reference Manual Configuring Communications Parameters 1 Setthe serial port terminal communications parameters on your PC to the following values Parameter Setting Baud 9600 Data bits 8 Parity none Stop bit 1 Flow control none 2 If you are using a terminal emulation program choose VT100 as the terminal type For information about changing the rate of the see Using UAP Monitor Commands in Chapter 8 To configure the communications parameters using HyperTerminal 1 Open HyperTerminal 2 From the File menu choose Properties 3 From the Phone Number tab choose Configure The COMI Prop
82. alue to 0 You can delete an advanced filter expression or value by setting the ExprSeq or Value ID parameter to 0 When you select Ethernet Advanced Filtering the following menu appears Bridge Configuration Filters Ethernet Advanced Filtering Filter Values Filter Expressions Setting Filter Values You can use the Filter Values menu to associate an ID with a pattern value Select a filter and then enter an ID and a value You can enter up to 22 values A value can be from 0 to 8 hexadecimal bytes All values that have the same value ID belong to the same list The Filter Values menu is shown here Bridge Configuration Filters Ethernet Advanced Filtering Filter Values Value ID Value Configuring the Bridging Parameters b Value ID You can set the value ID to any value from to 255 Value You can set the value for the filter The range is 8 hex pairs Setting Filter Expressions You can set filter expressions by specifying parameters for packet filtering You can enter up to 22 expressions portion of the Filter Expressions menu is shown below Bridge Configuration Filters Ethernet Advanced Filtering Filter Expns ExprSeq Offset Mask OP Value ID Action EO 0 And EQ 0 And EQ You can create a filter expression These expressions are executed in ascending order based on the ExprSeq values until the UAP determines whether to pass or drop the frame When you select an option from the
83. ame can be from 1 to 16 characters long The default is the serial number of the WAP 900 MHz Select this command to configure the 900 MHz Falcon radio in your WAP Using the Network Configuration Menu If your WAP will communicate with devices on the other side of a router you must set the IP address of the router that will forward data frames to addresses on another subnet Use the Network Configuration menu to configure the IP router Network Configuration IP Address 0 202020 IP Subnet Mask 255 255 255 0 IP Router 0 0 0 0 IP Frame Type lt DIX gt DHCP lt Enabled if IP address is zero gt DHCP Server Name Auto ARP Minutes IP Address Each node that communicates with the Ethernet network must have a unique IP address The IP address is a network level address assigned to each device in a TCP IP network The default IP address is 0 0 0 0 The range is to 255 The first number cannot be zero unless all remaining numbers are zero The first node also cannot be 127 or greater than 223 If the IP address is 0 0 0 0 and DHCP is enabled the IP address is obtained via DHCP If the IP address is 0 0 0 0 and DHCP is disabled TCP IP access to this UAP is disabled IP Subnet Mask The subnet mask is used in the IP protocol to separate the subnet address from the local IP address The IP protocol performs a bit wise AND on the IP address and the subnet mask For example if the IP address is 192 168 150 184 and the subnet mask is 2
84. antenna above the omni antenna e If you are using two directional antennas you must mount them back to back Positioning the Antennas for an IEEE 802 11 DS Radio The IEEE 802 11 DS radio features antenna diversity which means that each radio has two antennas One antenna functions as a receive antenna and the other antenna functions as both a transmit and a receive antenna Note that only one antenna is used at a time in a diversity system On an IEEE 802 11 DS radio the centermost antenna is the antenna that both transmits and receives radio signals If you attach only one antenna to the IEEE 802 11 DS radio you should attach it to the centermost antenna connector for that radio card If you are using two antennas for your IEEE 802 11 DS UAP placement of the antennas is critical because each antenna has a particular function Antennas placed too close together may cause interference with each other Antennas placed too far apart may not be able to establish two way communications with other radios To achieve optimum placement for the two antennas you must place the transmit receive antenna so that it is within range of all the radios that the receive only radio can hear C 4 Positioning Antennas Note these important points about antenna placement for an IEEE 802 11 DS radio e Use the recommended antenna separation for placement of either omni or directional antennas e Position directional antennas so they point in the sam
85. ated by the UAP when the UAP issues a TFTP get command Other error messages may be returned from the server and displayed by the UAP See your server documentation for additional information Error Message Explanation Can t write file The file may be too big The file may not have a UAP file header filehdr exe The file name may be incorrectly formed The file may already exist in the segment and cannot be overwritten You must erase the file first Invalid opcode during read This error should not occur under normal operating conditions This error indicates a TFTP protocol error that will not occur when you use TFTP servers that conform to the protocol tftp put TFTP put is another client command You can use TFTP put to copy a file from a client to the server or to another UAP The format is tftp put IP address foreign filename local filename where IP address is the IP address of the server You can use an asterisk here if you want to use the value in the serveripaddress foreign filename is the name of the file as it will appear on the server The file name can contain directory path information and must be in the format required by the server operating system local filename is the name of the file to be sent from the UAP For example the following command takes file UAP PRG that is saved in the active boot drive on the UAP client and stores it in the inactive boot segment on the UAP server that has IP address 1 2 3
86. ative Radio signals may reflect off some obstacles and be absorbed by others For example two radios may achieve up to 305 meters 1 000 feet of range if positioned outdoors within line of sight with no obstacles between them However the same two units may only achieve up to 152 meters 500 feet of range when the RF signal has to travel through items such as cubicles If the signal must penetrate office walls the signal range may decrease to 91 meters 300 feet Proper antenna placement can help improve range If you are interested in antenna options contact your Intermec representative about antenna kits Here are some general guidelines for positioning antennas e Place the antenna as high as possible In an office environment try to place it above cubicle walls e Do not place a sheet of metal such as a filing cabinet between two antennas The following sections provide detailed information about antenna placement for those UAPs that can have more than one antenna Positioning the Antennas for a 2 4 GHz OpenAir WAP Because the 2 4 GHz OpenAir WAP has two radios installed in the device you need to pay particular attention to the placement of the two antennas Proper positioning of the antennas is critical for proper functioning of the WAP You attach antenna cables to the 2110 and then attach the cables to antennas mounted in your work environment There are two types of Intermec recommended antennas you can use e Omni
87. bal flooding parameters set in the root apply to the entire network For more information see Using Global Flooding later in this chapter Configuring the Bridging Parameters b ARP Server Mode This parameter determines how TCP IP ARP requests are handled by the UAP When ARP server mode is enabled the ARP server learns the IP addresses of wireless stations by monitoring ARP packets and explicit IP address registration and then stores the addresses in its forwarding database ARP server mode converts multicast ARP requests to unicast ARP requests for end devices in its forwarding database Using ARP server mode can significantly improve wireless network performance in busy IP networks Additionally some end devices may have the capability of explicitly registering IP addresses with the ARP server The ARP server mode settings are Disabled No special action is taken when an ARP is received default No Flooding ARP server tries to convert ARP requests from multicast to unicast This is the most efficient setting because multicast ARPs are never forwarded Use this setting if end devices do not need to respond to ARPs You can also use this setting if end devices periodically register their IP addresses with the ARP server or if end devices send an initial inbound ARP request before receiving any outbound data Normal Flooding If the destination address is unknown the ARP request is flooded according to the multicast flood lev
88. bally Enabled Disabled Value 50 to 250 900 MHz Frag Size Set Globally Enabled Disabled Value 50 to 250 400 MHz UHF 900 MHz Awake time Set Globally Enabled Disabled Value 0 to 250 Maintenance Menu Defaults Parameter Name Range Password 16 characters Service Password Enabled Disabled A 12 Default Disabled 70 Disabled 250 Disabled 250 Disabled 0 Default Intermec Enabled Site Setting Site Setting Understanding INCA IP Understanding INCA IP This appendix provides additional information about INCA IP An Overview of INCA IP The presence of an IP router generally defines the physical boundary of a wireless network Multiple independent wireless networks may exist each with its own LAN ID root and set of end devices In this environment an end device can only operate within the limited coverage area of its own network and cannot roam across IP subnet boundaries Intermec s Integrated Network Communication Architecture Internet Protocol INCA IP allows end devices to roam across subnet boundaries The INCA IP extension to the open wireless LAN architecture enables a wireless LAN installation to span multiple IP subnets INCA IP uses a standard IP protocol called Generic Routing Encapsulation GRE to encapsulate a frame within an IP GRE packet that uses normal IP routing to pass through IP routers Using INCA IP end devices can roam across IP network subnets without losing network connectivity I
89. ber if you want to erase segments 1 through 4 Note You must execute the fe command before you can execute a TFTP transfer script The script command executes a specified file as a list of console commands You can create a script file to automate a software download The format is script filename where filename is the name of the script file to be executed For more information about using the script command see Creating Script Files later in this chapter Using Sdvars Commands You use sdvars commands in Console Command mode to manipulate certain software download variables Sdvars commands support both GET and SET arguments You can enter sdvars commands to GET a software download object and then issue the sdvars command using the SET argument to assign the object a specified value The sdvars commands are described in this section using the SET argument To execute an sdvars command using the GET argument omit the variable from the end of the command 8 11 21XX Universal Access Point Technical Reference Manual 8 12 sdvars set serveripaddress You use the sdvars set serveripaddress command to set the internal variable called serveripaddress to a specified address The format is sdvars set serveripaddress ip address where ip address is the address of the server For example to set the IP address of the server to 1 2 3 4 enter sdvars set serveripaddress 1 2 3 4 sdvars set scriptfilename You u
90. ctor and the access point Conseil Les agences responsables de la r glementation gouvernementale exigent que l antenne ne soit pas modifiable Par cons quent le point d acc s est dot d un connecteur d antenne personnalis Ne pas essayer d utiliser une antenne diff rente au risque d endommager le connecteur et le point d acc s 2 5 21 Universal Access Point Technical Reference Manual To install the antenna e Using a clockwise motion firmly screw the antenna or antenna cable onto the antenna connector on the UAP The following illustration shows the antenna connector on the 2100 Antenna connector 21XXT023 eps The following illustration identifies the antenna connector on the 2101 Antenna Antenna connector 21XXT020 eps 2 6 Installing and Configuring the UAP 2 Connecting to the Serial Port Use an RS 232 null modem cable to connect the serial port on the UAP to your ASCII terminal or PC so that you can manually configure the network parameters Note If you use a terminal application that has the option to check for the CD signal before establishing a connection configure the software to ignore CD To connect to the serial port 1 If you have a 2100 unscrew the thumbscrews on the cable access door and then remove the door 2 Attach one end of a null modem cable to the serial port on the UAP 3 Attach the other end of the null modem cable to the seri
91. ctory including information about the boot file The format is FD FR The FR command finds the first executable file in the UAP boot segment and tries to run it therefore the first executable file in the UAP boot segment must be the boot file The format is FR MR The MR command displays the manufacturing record for the UAP You use the MR command to display the MAC address configuration string and serial number for your UAP The format is MR SR The SR command sets the baud rate of the UAP The format is SR z where z is the baud rate Acceptable values for baud rate are 0 autobaud 2400 4800 9600 default 19200 38400 57600 115200 The UAP ships with the default baud rate of 9600 You can change the baud rate by using the SR command and entering the desired baud rate You must enter the baud rate as a whole number with no commas For example to enter a baud rate of 19 200 you must enter 19200 You can use autobaud to let the UAP set its rate to match the baud rate of your terminal up to a baud rate of 115200 For autobaud use the SR command and set the baud rate to 0 You will then be instructed to press Enter twice so that the UAP can detect the baud rate of your terminal The autobaud feature automatically detects the baud rate of your terminal and sets the baud rate of the UAP to match 8 5 21XX Universal Access Point Technical Reference Manual Using Service Mode Commands Within
92. d declines the offer An address offer from a BOOTP server is treated as if it were an infinite lease from a DHCP server See Leases later in this section for more information Auto ARP Minutes The UAP periodically sends an unsolicited ARP request so that routers can update their routing tables The request enables a network management platform to learn about the UAP on the network by querying routers The auto ARP period controls the time interval between ARP broadcasts The range is from 1 to 120 minutes The default is 5 minutes A setting of O disables this parameter If the address of the default router is 0 0 0 0 the UAP sends an ARP request to its own IP address otherwise it sends an ARP request to the default router Without this option a UAP might not use its IP address for extended periods of time and the IP address expires from the router ARP table If the IP address expires the network management program needs to ping all potential addresses on a subnet to locate active IP addresses or require the user to enter a list You should not allow the IP address for the UAP to expire Leases A DHCP server may issue a finite or renewable lease to an IP address If the lease expires and is not renewed the client must stop using the IP address A DHCP server may also be configured to grant an infinite lease or permanent address assignment to the UAP The UAP recognizes an infinite lease as a special case The UAP stores the IP add
93. d from one network to another on the basis of the intended destinations secondary bridging Ethernet bridging on a non root port A UAP that is the designated bridge for a secondary LAN uses secondary bridging to bridge frames to and from the secondary LAN on a non root Ethernet port secondary LAN Any Ethernet LAN that is not the primary LAN A single UAP functions as the designated bridge for a secondary LAN The designated bridge attaches the secondary LAN to the INCA network through a radio link or an INCA IP link Primary and secondary LANs are both distribution LANs SNAP A protocol extension typically used by Appletalk networks SNMP Simple Network Management Protocol SNMP is a popular network management protocol in the TCP IP and SPX IPX protocol suite SNMP allows TCP IP and SPX IPX sites to exchange configuration and status information It uses management programs called agents to monitor network traffic SNMP stores the information it collects in the Management Information Base MIB Your network administrator can use management software interacting with the MIB to obtain information about network activity spanning tree A form of network organization in which each device on the network has only one path to the root The UAPs automatically configure into a self organized network that provides efficient loop free forwarding of frames through the network subnet A single member of the collection of hardware networks
94. d process Advanced Features sdvars set checkpoint You use the sdvars set checkpoint command to set the internal variable called checkpoint to a specified value The checkpoint variable is useful for monitoring the progress of a script file as it is executed You can set the checkpoint variable to a different value after each script command and then query the checkpoint value using SNMP to determine the progress of the download The format is sdvars set checkpoint value where value is a whole number For example consider the following script file commands sdvars set checkpoint 1 fe ab sdvars set checkpoint 2 TFTP get uap prg ab sdvars set checkpoint 3 reboot When the software download is started you can use SNMP to query its progress by reading the checkpoint variable If the variable has a value of 2 you know that the UAP is trying to execute the TFTP get statement If the value is 3 you know the script has completed and the reboot was executed The value of the checkpoint variable may also be helpful in determining where an error occurred if the script fails sdvars set terminate You use the sdvars set terminate command to set the internal variable terminate to a specified value Use terminate to stop a countdown process in the UAP If either starttime or nextpoweruptime is counting down setting this variable stops the timer and halts the countdown process The format is sdvars set terminate Note You should use ca
95. d through an INCA IP tunnel by the root UAP unless the destination IP address belongs to the home subnet Frames are only forwarded outbound to end devices that have roamed away from the home subnet INCA IP uses IP encapsulation to establish a virtual LAN segment through IP routers The virtual LAN segment includes the home IP subnet and logically extends to include end devices attached to UAPs on remote IP subnets An INCA IP tunnel becomes a branch in the INCA spanning tree UAPs on remote subnets can be directly connected to an INCA IP tunnel or indirectly connected through another UAP on a remote subnet Tunnel Origination An INCA IP remote subnet functions much like a wireless secondary LAN with some notable exceptions e Any UAP can provide a wireless link to another UAP Only the root UAP can originate an INCA IP tunnel Awireless link can provide a transparent bridge for both wired and wireless devices on a wireless secondary LAN An INCA IP tunnel only provides a transparent bridge for end devices unless explicitly configured to provide connectivity for an NNL gateway on a remote IP subnet The number of INCA IP tunnels the root can originate is practically unlimited However the INCA IP address list can presently contain eight entries The size of the address list effectively limits the number of tunnels that can be created if unicast and directed broadcast IP addresses are used However you can use a single IP multicast add
96. ddress of this port Port Control This parameter allows you to enable or disable this OpenAir port The default is Enabled 3 15 21 Universal Access Point Technical Reference Manual 3 16 Hello Period This parameter controls how frequently the WAP broadcasts hello packets on the OpenAir port if the OpenAir radio is configured as a master and wireless hops is enabled Hello packets are used to maintain the spanning tree Hello packets also serve as beacon messages to synchronize communications with power managed stations You can specify hello packets to be broadcast every 1 2 or 3 seconds The default is 2 seconds Security ID All 2 4 GHz OpenAir devices in the same network must have the same security ID to communicate with each other Security ID can be from 0 to 20 characters in length The default is no security ID Note If you are using RT1100 RT1700 or RT5900 devices with 2 4 GHz OpenAir radios you must limit the security ID to a maximum length of 16 characters Node Type You must configure one OpenAir radio in a WAP as a master and the other as a station Channel This parameter sets the hopping sequence for the radio You can set the channel to a value from 1 to 15 The default channel for a master is 1 the default channel for a station is 9 Subchannel This parameter enables WAPs to share the same channel but have a unique subchannel so a WAP does not receive frames intended for another WAP The subchannel can be se
97. default AP density is low You should set the AP density of your end devices to match the AP density of your UAPs Configuring the Ports f You can use AP density to virtually reduce the range of your UAP By increasing the AP density you do not reduce the absolute range of the radio but the collision detection mechanism is modified to allow significant overlap of the wireless cells Increasing the AP density allows you to create a higher performance radio network but it also requires significantly more UAPs to cover a given area DTIM Period This parameter specifies the number of beacon frames to skip before including a DTIM delivery traffic indication message in a beacon frame A higher DTIM period may conserve battery life in an end device but may decrease response time You can set DTIM period to a value from 1 to 65535 The default is 1 Multicast Rate This parameter determines the bit rate for multicast data transmission In general higher speeds mean shorter range and lower speeds mean longer range If your installation has mixed speed settings you should set the multicast rate no higher than the maximum speed of the lowest rate end device that must receive multicast traffic You can set multicast rate to 2 Mbits Standard or 1 Mbits Low The default is 2 Mbits Standard Transmit Rate Configuration This command lets you set the parameters that determine the speed at which this radio will operate When you select this command
98. ding UAP firmware D 3 to D 11 using serial transfer D 3 using TFTP transfer D 5 V Version Information menu 4 18 VT100 2 8 3 7 using arrow keys with 6 5 W WAP 1 11 2 4 GHz OpenAir antennas C 3 2110 1 4 3 3 applying power 3 6 configuring 2 4 GHz OpenAir 3 10 to 3 18 configuring 900 MHz Falcon 3 19 to 3 24 connecting to serial port 3 6 installing 3 3 logging on 3 8 mounting 3 9 Network Configuration menu 3 12 3 20 Quick Start menu 3 11 radios not supported 3 3 rebooting 3 9 terminal communications settings 3 7 WARP 1 4 Web browser creating INCA IP tunnel 6 11 creating session 6 5 restoring factory default values 6 12 upgrading firmware D 6 upgrading other UAPs D 8 using to configure UAP 6 5 Web site address xvi weight A 3 WEP Configuration menu 4 16 21 Universal Access Point Technical Reference Manual WEP Default Key Configuration menu 4 17 WEP encryption parameter 4 15 WEP encryption using 4 15 to 4 17 WEP entry mode 4 17 WEP method for authentication 4 16 WEP receive data 4 16 WEP transmit key 4 16 Wireless Address Resolution Protocol See WARP wireless bridging 1 10 2 18 wireless hops 2 4 GHz OpenAir radios 3 16 4 9 Y Y modem 2 4 3 3 I 10
99. e 2 4 GHz OpenAir station The devices will not form the desired wireless bridge if the master has a lower root priority than the station Configuring 900 MHz Falcon UAPs for Point to Point Bridging To configure the 900 MHz Falcon UAPs as a wireless bridge you need to configure the radios in each UAP with the same LAN ID You also need to set parameters that determine bridge priority The following table provides an example of how to configure 900 MHz Falcon UAPs for a point to point or wireless bridge Parameter UAP on Primary LAN UAP on Secondary LAN LAN ID 1 1 Root Priority 5 0 Secondary LAN Bridge Priority 0 5 Secondary LAN Flooding Disabled Disabled Note You can position your 900 MHz Falcon UAPs at least 15 24 meters 50 feet apart Positioning your UAPs closer than 15 24 meters will not increase throughput but may provide redundancy 2 19 Installing and Configuring a Wireless Access Point Installing and Configuring a Wireless Access Point 3 This chapter describes how to install and configure the 21XX Universal Access Point as a repeater or Wireless Access Point WAP Installation Requirements You need these items to install and configure aWAP in your network e ASCII terminal or PC that is running a terminal emulation program with Y modem capability e RS232 null modem cable that has a 9 pin socket connector on one end If you are configuring a 2100 you also need to provide these items e Power cable
100. e UAP filters traffic at full Ethernet wire speeds and forwards traffic at full radio speeds You can use flooding and filtering options to keep unnecessary traffic off the airwaves and optimize performance on busy networks You can configure a variety of protocol and broadcast filters to further eliminate traffic Radio Independent The UAP s Radio Independent architecture supports a variety of radios and allows you to upgrade your radios as technology changes Radios can be added or replaced without replacing the entire access point infrastructure Additionally future releases of the UAP will offer dual radio support so the UAP can support mixed wireless radios for different range and throughput requirements Enterprise Roaming INCA IP is an advanced feature that allows enterprise roaming Using INCA IP in networks with standard IP routers allows end devices to roam across network subnets INCA IP uses Generic Routing Encapsulation GRE a registered protocol from the TCP IP suite GRE allows frames destined for end devices on a different IP subnet to be encapsulated with an IP address that passes transparently through the routers This encapsulation is referred to as tunneling Encapsulated frames may be sent or tunneled through any of the physical ports Additionally you can restrict tunneling to only end devices or selected frame types For detailed information about INCA IP see Appendix Understanding INCA IP Advanced Network Ma
101. e direction e Follow the recommended antenna separation precisely when using the closest distances Movement of as little as 3 05 centimeters 1 2 in may strongly affect performance Position the antennas so that both antennas are within range of the radios they need to communicate with e Do not position the two antennas around a corner or so that a wall is between them The recommended antenna separation is listed in the following table You should choose the greatest distance possible within the constraints of your environment Location Recommended Antenna Separation Highly reflective warehouse environment 33 m 13 in or 64 m 25 in Moderately reflective warehouse environment 64 m 25 in 1 22 m 4 ft or 1 83 m 6 ft Open Office environment 1 22 m 4 ft to 3 05 m 10 ft C 5 Upgrading the UAP Upgrading the UAP This appendix provides instructions for upgrading the UAP firmware Upgrading UAP Firmware For optimal performance you should ensure that all the UAPs in your network use the most current version of the firmware Contact your Intermec representative for information about obtaining the latest firmware release The firmware release is distributed electronically along with release notes that provide additional information After you have the firmware release installed on your PC you can upgrade a UAP using the following methods e serial transfer from a PC to UAP e TFTP transfer from a
102. ecific Ethernet station addresses 00c0b2000002 00c0b2000003 The following menu shows the first filter expression Bridge Configuration Filters Ethernet Advanced Filtering Filter Exp 1 ExprSeq 1 Offset 0 Mask 01 Value ID Action The following table explains the first filter expression Parameter Value Explanation ExprSeq 1 This is the first expression Offset 0 The offset is zero Look at the first byte of the destination address Mask 01 Only check the Ethernet multicast bit OP Compare the value at the offset to the value specified on the Filter Values menu to see if they are equal Ifthe value at the offset equals the specified value on the Filter Values menu the frame is multicast in this example Value ID 2 Use the value from the Filter Values menu whose value ID is 2 Action And If this filter expression is true continue to the next expression 5 17 21XX Universal Access Point Technical Reference Manual 5 18 The following menu shows the second filter expression Bridge Configuration Filters Ethernet Advanced Filtering Filter Exp 1 ExprSeq 2 Offset 12 Mask Value ID Action The following table explains the second filter expression Parameter Value ExprSeq 2 Offset 12 Mask ffff OP EQ Value ID 1 Action And Explanation This is the second expression The data for this expression begins at an offset of 12 bytes from the beginning of the destination address
103. ed Ethernet segments Two UAPs can be used to provide a point to point or wireless bridge between two buildings so that wired and wireless devices in each building can communicate with devices in the other building Index Numbers 10Base2 cabling 2 12 port 1 15 system requirement 2 3 10BaseT cabling 2 12 port 1 14 system requirement 2 3 2 4 GHz OpenAir radio channel parameter 3 16 4 8 channels A 4 configuring for point to point bridging 2 18 data rate A 4 factory default settings A 7 frequency band A 4 global flooding parameters 5 7 master list 4 8 node type 3 16 4 7 port configuring 4 6 to 4 11 power output A 4 radio type A 4 range A 4 security ID 3 16 4 7 subchannel 3 16 4 8 wireless hops 1 9 3 16 4 9 2 4 GHz OpenAir WAP antennas placing C 3 configuring 3 10 to 3 18 radio defaults 3 15 2100 UAP specifications A 3 See also UAP 2101 UAP specifications A 3 See also UAP 2110 WAP 1 4 3 3 900 MHz Falcon radio channels A 4 configuring for point to point bridging 2 19 coverage A 4 data rate A 4 factory default settings A 8 frequency band A 4 port configuring 3 23 4 12 positioning UAPs 3 24 power output A 4 radio type A 4 range A 4 WAP configuring 3 19 to 3 24 A About Intermec UAP Maintenance menu option 7 4 Advanced Configuration menu IEEE 802 11 DS radio 4 18 Index advanced Ethernet filters example 5 16 setting filter expressions
104. ed Features FFR The FFR command runs a program that is specified by from a location specified by s The format is FFR f s where f 1s the program name S is the optional segment location of the program For example to run program UAPBOOT PRG from segment 1 you could enter FFR UAPBOOT PRG 1 PN The PN command returns the UAP to normal mode from quiet mode The format is PN To return the UAP to normal mode 1 Reboot 2 The LEDs flash on and off during the reboot When the LEDs flash off and only the Power LED remains lit type three exclamation points The UAP prompt uap appears Type SRVC and press Enter 4 Type the service password the default 15 EV98203S and press Enter The service prompt service appears Type PN and press Enter 6 Type B to reboot the UAP in normal mode PQ The PQ command puts the UAP in quiet mode When the UAP is in quiet mode you cannot access the UAP monitor You may want to use quiet mode for security reasons The format is PO 8 7 21 Universal Access Point Technical Reference Manual 8 8 Using Test Mode Commands Within the UAP monitor test mode allows you to perform certain test functions The commands can cause undesirable results if not properly executed If you are unsure about the proper procedure to use contact Intermec Technical Support for assistance TEST The TEST command allows you to enter test mode wh
105. ed and the DHCP offer is accepted The DHCP settings are Enabled This setting allows you to enable DHCP without setting the IP address to 0 0 0 0 If DHCP is enabled the UAP will accept addresses from the DHCP server You may find this setting helpful when troubleshooting your network Enabled if IP address is You must set IP address to 0 0 0 0 to enable DHCP Zero DHCP will then assign the IP address subnet mask and default router Disabled DHCP not used 2 16 Installing and Configuring the UAP 2 DHCP Server Name This parameter identifies the network server that the UAP accesses for automatic address assignment for IP address IP subnet mask and IP router values The UAP only responds to address offer messages from the DHCP or BOOTP server specified If no DHCP server name is specified the client responds to offers from any server DHCP server name can be 0 to 31 characters The name prevents the UAP from inadvertently obtaining an IP configuration from other servers on the network The class identifier string for the UAP is blank Servers use this string to identify the UAP When the UAP responds to a DHCP or BOOTP server it broadcasts a single request to the address offered If no ARP response is received within 3 seconds the UAP assumes the IP address is unique and completes the negotiation for that address If an ARP reply is received before the timeout the UAP assumes the address is a duplicate an
106. egment gt lt data segment gt fd lt segment gt all directory list fdel lt filename gt delete file fe lt segment gt all erase segment s File transfer Execute script files Software Download variables Return to main menu Display this help To exit Console Command mode e Type exit and press Enter Several file menu commands require that you enter file names To indicate the segment where the file is located you can precede the file name with either a segment number or name followed by a colon For example l uap prg refers to the file named UAP PRG that is located in segment 1 If you do not specify a segment name or number the UAP searches the segments in the following order until it finds a file that matches the file name RAM 1 2 3 4 21XX Universal Access Point Technical Reference Manual 8 10 Using Console Commands This section describes the console commands fb You use the fb command to make an inactive segment the active segment The format is fb boot segment data segment where boot segment 15 the name or number of the boot segment to be activated data segment 15 the name or number of the data segment to be activated For example to make segment 2 the active boot segment and segment 4 the active data segment you enter fb 24 You can use an asterisk instead of a segment name if you want to leave that segment unchanged For example to leave the active boot segment
107. el settings Use this setting when devices need to answer ARP requests but are not capable of registering IP addresses with the UAP This setting filters ARP requests that have a target address for an end device on the Ethernet LAN if the IP MAC address bindings are known Filters This menu option takes you to the Filters menu You can set filters so that particular types of frames are either passed or dropped For more information see Using Filters later in this chapter Global RF Parameters This menu option takes you to the Global RF Parameters menu For more information see Setting Global RF Parameters later in this chapter Assigning Root Priority You should assign the highest root priority to one UAP on the primary LAN so that it serves as the primary root You should configure one or two UAPs on the primary LAN with a lower priority so they can serve as fallback roots You should configure the remaining UAPs on the primary LAN with a root priority of 0 If the root becomes inactive the remaining root candidates negotiate to determine which UAP becomes the new root If you assign the same root priority to 2 or more UAPs the UAP with the highest Ethernet address becomes the root Intermec recommends that the root be a UAP that is on the same LAN as your servers The root UAP should also be a UAP that does not otherwise handle a large volume of traffic 21XX Universal Access Point Technical Reference Manual You should assi
108. enable DHCP zero DHCP will then assign IP address IP subnet mask and IP router addresses Disabled DHCP not used DHCP Server Name The DHCP server name identifies the network server that the WAP accesses for automatic assignment of IP address IP subnet mask and IP router addresses The WAP only responds to address offer messages from the DHCP or BOOTP server specified If no DHCP server name is specified the client will respond to offers from any server DHCP server name can be 0 to 31 characters The name prevents the WAP from inadvertently obtaining an IP configuration from other servers on the network The class identifier string for the WAP is blank Servers use this string to identify the WAP When the WAP responds to a DHCP or BOOTP server it broadcasts a single ARP request to the address offered If no ARP response is received within 3 seconds the WAP assumes the IP address is unique and completes the negotiation for that address If an ARP reply is received before the timeout the WAP assumes the address is a duplicate and declines the offer An address offer from a BOOTP server is treated as if it were an infinite lease from a DHCP server For more information see Leases in Chapter 2 Auto ARP Minutes The WAP periodically sends an unsolicited ARP request so that routers can update their routing tables The request enables a network management platform to learn about the WAP on the network by querying routers
109. er 6 0 0 Master 7 0 0 Master 8 0 0 Help The station UAP synchronizes with master UAPs whose channel and subchannel appear in its master list You can specify up to eight masters Precedence is given by the order of the masters in the list Master 1 has the greatest priority and Master 8 has the lowest priority Master 1 has a default channel of 5 and a default subchannel of 5 The remaining masters have default channels and subchannels of 0 To enter a master in the list select a master and press Enter You can then specify the master s channel and subchannel The range for channel and subchannel is from 0 to 15 You can use 0 as a wildcard For example if you set the Master 1 channel to 0 and the subchannel to 1 the station UAP synchronizes with any master on any channel as long as the master s subchannel is 1 If you set both the Master 1 channel and subchannel to 0 the station synchronizes with any master Channel This parameter only appears on the screen if node type is set to master The channel parameter sets the hopping sequence for this master radio You can set the channel to a value from 1 to 15 The default is 1 Note If you are using 2 4 GHz OpenAir radios and you have more than one UAP within the same coverage area you must configure each UAP with a unique radio channel Subchannel This parameter only appears on the screen if node type is set to master The subchannel parameter enables UAPs to share the same channel
110. er source Serial port Use the Serial port and a null modem cable to connect the UAP to a terminal or PC to perform the initial configuration 10BaseT Ethernet port You can use this port to connect the UAP to your Ethernet network The following illustration identifies the connectors on the 2101 Power ESI 10BaseT Ethernet port 21XXT026 eps Serial port Learning About the 21XX Universal Access Point 1 The 2100 also has a 10 2 Ethernet port connector You can use either this port or the 10BaseT Ethernet port to connect the 2100 to your Ethernet network To access the connectors on the 2100 you must remove the cable access door To remove the 2100 cable access door 1 Unscrew the two thumbscrews on the cable access door 2 Slide off the door The following illustration identifies the connectors on the 2100 10BaseT port Ethernet 21XXT002 eps port 10Base2 Ethernet port 1 15 21XX Universal Access Point Technical Reference Manual Navigating Through the Configuration Menus The UAP features a system of configuration menus that appear on your terminal or PC after you successfully log on The main menu is shown here This section explains how to navigate through the configuration menus Configuration of Universal Access Point Quick Start Network Configuration Bridge Configuration Summary Maintenance Save Configuration Reboot Basic Keystrokes Use these
111. ere dd hh mm ss is how far in the future the reboot is to begin For example to reboot the UAP 2 hours from now enter sdvars set nextpoweruptime 00 02 00 00 Note If you need to terminate the reboot you can do so by setting nextpoweruptime to if it has not already been reached by the countdown By resetting nextpoweruptime to 0 the timer is stopped so the unit does not reboot Advanced Features Using TFTP Commands TFTP commands are file transfer commands that you execute when you are in Console Command mode A UAP can act as either a client or server in the TFTP environment As a server the can service read and write requests from a UAP client As a client the UAP can read files from and write files to any TFTP server on the network Both the client and server must operate in octet or 8 bit mode When executing a script file the UAP retries client commands get and put until the command completes successfully If the first attempt fails the UAP retries after a one minute delay With each successive failure the retry time doubles until it reaches 8 minutes Once this limit is reached it remains at 8 minutes until the command completes In general TFTP client sessions should fail only if the server is not responding either because it is busy serving other clients or because it has not been started In either case the UAP backoff algorithm should prevent excessive network traffic when many UAPs are trying
112. ere you can perform a variety of test functions To enter test mode 1 Type TEST and press Enter 2 Enter a password The default password is EV98203T case sensitive When you are in test mode the test prompt test gt appears Test mode has a set of defined commands that you can use To display test mode commands e any letter or number other than B and press Enter The test commands appear on the screen UAPBOOT V3 05 March 5 1999 lt Press any key within 5 seconds to enter the UAP monitor gt uap gt test Enter password test gt d test commands LED Test t Memory word Write MACE Test Menu Memory byte Read Memory Fill a Memory byte Write Memory Verify Get DRAM Size Memory dword Read Get Flash Size K Memory dword Write X Memory word Read Advanced Features Using Console Command Mode Another way you can access the UAP file system is through Console Command mode You enter Console Command mode from the UAP Maintenance menu You use Console Command mode to upgrade UAPs using TFTP and Script files To enter Console Command mode e Choose Command Console from the Maintenance menu When you first enter Console Command mode a list of valid console commands appears You can display the console commands any time you are in Console Command mode To display console commands e Type F and press Enter The following screen appears Description fb lt boot s
113. ermines if the UAP will receive transmissions from end devices that are not using WEP The WEP receive data settings are Unencrypted The UAP can communicate with end devices regardless of Allowed whether the end device has WEP enabled Encryption End devices must have WEP enabled to communicate with the Required default WEP Transmit Key This parameter determines which of the four default WEP keys this UAP uses to transmit data You can set this parameter to a value from 1 to 4 The default is 1 which means the UAP uses the first default WEP key in the WEP Default Keys list on the WEP Default Key Configuration menu 4 16 Configuring the Ports f WEP Default Key Configuration This command lets you specify the values of the WEP default keys and the mode in which the keys are entered When you select this command the following menu appears Quick Start IEEE 802 11 DS A WEP Configuration WEP Default Key Config WEP Entry Mode lt ASCII gt WEP Default Keys WEP Entry Mode This parameter indicates whether the WEP default keys are entered in ASCII or hexadecimal hex format The default is ASCH WEP Default Keys This command lets you set the values for the WEP default keys The UAP can receive a WEP encryption that uses any of the four WEP default keys When you select this command the following menu appears Quick Start IEEE 802 11 DS A WEP Configuration WEP Default Key Config WEP Key 1 WEP
114. erties dialog box appears 4 Set the parameters to the values shown here o0 cm 5 Click OK 2 8 Installing and Configuring the UAP Logging Onto the UAP There are two ways you can log onto the UAP to configure it You can interrupt the boot process and configure the UAP before it loads the current default configuration You can allow the UAP to complete the boot process using the current default configuration and then reconfigure it To interrupt the boot process and log on 1 When you see the following message on the screen quickly press any key on the keyboard Press any key within 5 seconds to configure the UAP before starting system The following message appears on the screen Opening configuration session please wait The logon screen appears 2 Type a password and press Enter The factory default password is Intermec To log on after the boot process is complete 1 Press Enter when the following message appears on the screen Starting system The logon screen appears Configuration of Universal Access Point Copyright c 1995 1999 Intermec Technologies Corporation All rights reserved IPs 0 0 0 0 Serial 1234567890 Password 2 a password and press Enter The factory default password is Intermec 21 Universal Access Point Technical Reference Manual Configuring Network Parameters You need to configure the UAP for your network After you
115. evices that roam between different switched segments The UAP provides data link tunneling for switches that do not handle roaming Using data link tunneling frames for a given end device always appear on the root UAP s switched segment regardless of roaming and the switch s routing tables remain stable Flooding Configurations When the destination address is unknown standard LAN bridges flood frames on all ports Most end devices supported by the UAP operate at lower speeds than Ethernet therefore indiscriminate flooding from a busy Ethernet backbone to an end device can consume a substantial portion of the available wireless bandwidth and reduce system performance The UAP allows you to set flooding control options for both unicast and multicast frames to free up bandwidth and improve system performance Pending Messages End devices may use power management to maintain battery life These devices wake up periodically to receive frames that arrived while their radio was powered down The bridging software in the UAP provides a pending message delivery service that allows frames to be held until the end device is ready to receive them Filtering Options The UAP incorporates extensive filtering capabilities Basic filters allow you to filter on DIX type protocol port socket or SAP Advanced filters let you create and group filters based on data patterns that you define Learning About the 21XX Universal Access Point Using the
116. f you have more than one UAP on your network each UAP must have a unique address configuration Network Configuration IP Address 0 0 0 0 IP Subnet Mask 255 255 255 0 IP Router 0 0 0 0 IP Frame Type lt DIX gt DHCP lt Enabled if IP Address is zero gt DHCP Server Name Auto ARP Minutes IP Address Each node that communicates with the Ethernet network must have a unique IP address The IP address is a network level address assigned to each device in a TCP IP network The default IP address is 0 0 0 0 The range is to 255 The first number cannot be zero unless all remaining numbers are zero The first node also cannot be 127 or greater than 223 If the IP address is 0 0 0 0 and DHCP is enabled the IP address is obtained via DHCP If the IP address is 0 0 0 0 and DHCP is disabled TCP IP access to this UAP is disabled If you are installing this UAP on an existing Ethernet segment you should allocate the IP address from the same pool as the existing computers on the segment If you are installing this UAP as the first device on a new Ethernet segment that is not going to connect to the Internet try using this Class C address 192 168 h h This Class network address is reserved by the numbering authority for a company s internal use If the Class C address appears on the Internet routers drop the data For each UAP in your network replace the h s with unique numbers between 0 and 254 IP Subnet Mask The subnet mask i
117. fect when transmit mode is set to AUTO You can set norm QFSK retry to a value from 1 to 255 The default value is 255 Frag QFSK Retry Fragmented QFSK retry controls the number of times a fragmented QFSK frame is resent unsuccessfully before switching to BFSK This parameter is only in effect when transmit mode is set to AUTO You can set frag QFSK retry to a value from 1 to 255 The default is 255 Installing and Configuring a Wireless Access Point 3 Configuring the 900 MHz Falcon WAP The 900 MHz Falcon WAP has only one radio The 900 MHz Falcon WAP will communicate with other 900 MHz Falcon radios that have the same e LAN ID Domain e Mode Channel You use the Quick Start menu to set basic network parameters including LAN ID Use the Network Configuration menu if you need to set a default IP router Use the 900 MHz Falcon port menu to set the radio parameters including the Mode Channel parameter Using the Quick Start Menu You need to configure these basic network parameters using the Quick Start menu e Address e P Subnet Mask e LAN ID Domain Quick Start IP Address 0 0 0 0 IP Subnet Mask 255259209940 LAN ID Domain 0 AP Name 1234567890 900 MHz IP Address Each node that communicates with the Ethernet network must have a unique IP address The IP address is a network level address assigned to each device in a TCP IP network The default IP address is 0 0 0 0 The range is O to 255 The first
118. ftware Download section Dn rn IE TIE m MN aL pied bp E bie Ed je Faris jit s Q IZ JJ i d MH Bach yape Home Fromm Por bia Feri Bean 1002 Te ed cer ill ir ir al m m x 65 Automated Software Download Becvce IF Firkee Bari File Mee mari Tim Ep Tim Set ictim Prixzterm Last Eve amp laads amp 5EAbLami Pumas Bot Lise Siria led 1 Lawl Cleethgainl 3 In the Server IP Address field enter the IP address of the TFTP server where the script file is located For example if the server IP address is 151 60 110 241 type 151 60 110 241 In the Script File Name field enter the directory path to the script file Type c 2100uap upgrade dnl In the Start Time field you must enter a time for the download to begin Start time is a countdown timer when the timer expires the download begins You can enter days hours minutes seconds and partial seconds in the Start Time field For example to start the download two hours and ten minutes from now type 0 2 10 0 00 21XX Universal Access Point Technical Reference Manual 10 In the Next Power Up Time field you must enter a time when the UAP is to reboot Next power up time is a countdown timer when the timer expires the UAP reboots You can enter days hours minutes seconds and partial seconds in the Next Power Up Time field For instance to reboot the UAP three hours from now
119. g 2 4 GHz OpenAir radios 1 Verify that the end device UAP have the same LAN ID security ID channel and subchannel Verify that the UAP is configured as a master and the end device is configured as a station If you are using IEEE 802 11 radios Verify that the end device and UAP have the same frequency and network name If you are using UHF radios Verify that the end device and UAP have the same frequency Maintenance and Troubleshooting Commonly Asked Technical Support Questions continued Problem Symptom Question My end devices are unable to roam between 21XX and 011X devices My end devices are unable to roam to another 21XX My filters aren t filtering properly The throughput seems slow Possible Solution Answer 1 Choose the Global Flooding command from the Bridge Configuration menu 2 Setthe Unicast Flood Mode parameter to hierarchical Roaming through switches requires backward learning which is part of the IEEE 802 1d standard If your network has switches that do not support backward learning you can create a data link tunnel to force all radio traffic through a fixed point so roaming is transparent to the bridges or switches To create a data link tunnel 1 Set the Ethernet Bridging parameter to enabled on the root UAP 2 Set the Ethernet Bridging parameter to disabled on all UAPs that are separated from the root UAP by a bridge or switch that does not support backward lea
120. gested 192 168 h h IP address you should use the subnet mask of 255 255 0 0 This mask provides network 192 168 with space for thousands of devices IP Router This parameter identifies the address of the default router that the WAP uses to route packets to other subnets or networks The range is 4 numbers from 0 to 255 The first number cannot be zero unless all remaining numbers are zero The first node also cannot be 127 or greater than 223 The default is 0 0 0 0 which disables the ability of this subnet to exchange TCP IP traffic with another subnet or network If you are using DHCP to obtain an IP address for this WAP and a DHCP server specifies a default IP router then the DHCP specification will supersede the value you set in this field IP routers are typically configured so that WAP only needs to know the address of one router even if there are several routers on the segment connecting to several other segments If the subnet mask is 255 255 255 0 for example a router that connects subnet 1 to subnet 2 might have the address 172 16 8 1 on subnet 1 and 172 16 16 1 on subnet 2 A host with IP address 172 16 16 5 would specify an IP router address of 172 16 16 1 to reach host 172 16 8 10 The WAP dynamically creates a new IP route table entry whenever it receives an Internet Control Message Protocol ICMP redirect packet For example a default router may return an ICMP redirect packet to a WAP when it receives an IP packet from the
121. gical Link Control LLC 802 2 SAPs other than IPX or SNAP 802 2 Other SAPs Note You cannot filter HTTP Telnet SNMP and ICMP protocol ports because they are used for configuration and management ofthe UAP Additionally you cannot filter broadcast ARP request frames if the target IP address belongs to the local UAP or to a UAP in the sub tree rooted at the local UAP Using the Ethernet Predefined Subtype Filter Table Menu You can use the Ethernet Predefined Subtype Filter Table menu to set filters on certain frame subtypes Bridge Configuration Filters Ethernet Predefined Subtype Filter Table Action Subtype Value DIX ARP lt Pass gt lt DIX EtherType gt 08 06 SNAP ARP lt Pass gt lt SNAP EtherType gt 08 06 902 2 IPX RIB Pass lt 802 2 IPX Socket gt 53 802 2 IPX SAP Pass gt lt 802 2 IPX Socket gt 04 52 NNL Pass gt lt DIX EtherType gt 87 5b NETBIOS Pass gt lt 802 2 SAP gt 0 ICMP Pass DIX IP Protocol 01 Action You can set the action to either pass or drop all frames of that type Subtype This read only field displays the frame subtype Value This read only field provides information about the subtype value Using the Ethernet Customizable Subtype Filter Table Menu You can use the Ethernet Customizable Subtype Filter Table menu to create customized filters You can define the Subtype Action and Value parameters Value allows you to specify an individual DIX type protocol port socke
122. gies sales organization ej Note Opening this product may void the warranty The internal workings of this product can only be accessed by Intermec service personnel Radio replacements and upgrades require Intermec service personnel Safety Summary Your safety is extremely important Read and follow all warnings and cautions in this book before handling and operating Intermec equipment You can be seriously injured and equipment and data can be damaged if you do not follow the safety warnings and cautions Do not repair or adjust alone Do not repair or adjust energized equipment alone under any circumstances Someone capable of providing first aid must always be present for your safety Firstaid Always obtain first aid or medical attention immediately after an injury Never neglect an injury no matter how slight it seems Resuscitation Begin resuscitation immediately if someone is injured and stops breathing Any delay could result in death To work on or near high voltage you should be familiar with approved industrial first aid methods Energized equipment Never work on energized equipment unless authorized by a responsible authority Energized electrical equipment is dangerous Electrical shock from energized equipment can cause death If you must perform authorized emergency work on energized equipment be sure that you comply strictly with approved safety regulations xiii 21XX Universal Access Point Technical Reference Manu
123. gn all UAPs on secondary LANs a root priority of O so they can never become the root You should also configure all WAPs with a root priority of 0 you should never allow a WAP to become a root candidate If you are configuring OpenAir UAPs for point to point bridging you must configure the OpenAir master on the primary LAN with a higher root priority than the OpenAir station UAP on the secondary LAN for the bridge to form correctly Note If a UAP has a root priority of O and it cannot attach to the INCA network it disables its radio ports By disabling its radio ports the UAP prevents end devices from associating with a UAP that cannot forward frames to or from the network Configuring Bridging on a Secondary Ethernet LAN A secondary Ethernet LAN can be bridging or non bridging A bridging secondary Ethernet LAN interconnects UAPs and provides a wireless connection for wired Ethernet hosts A bridging secondary Ethernet LAN also has a UAP that is the designated bridge to the primary LAN A non bridging secondary Ethernet LAN interconnects UAPs but has no designated bridge In general you should enable bridging on a secondary LAN unless the inbound path is through an INCA IP tunnel or through a bridge or switch that does not support roaming Bridges and switches that adhere to the IEEE 802 1d standard support roaming Some proprietary VLAN switches and ATM LANE bridges do not support roaming If you have wired hosts on the secondary LAN you
124. hat are on different IP subnets so that they have the same INCA LAN ID INCA hello messages contain the IP subnet ID of the UAP that originated the message The INCA protocol does not allow wireless links to exist between UAPs that do not have matching subnet IDs Tunnels Manually Enabled By default INCA IP tunnel origination is disabled on the UAP You must manually enable INCA IP tunnel origination in the root UAP before any INCA IP tunnels can be established B 5 21XX Universal Access Point Technical Reference Manual INCA IP Virtual Subnet INCA IP provides a virtual subnet for end devices because INCA IP tunnels logically extend the home subnet The UAP s default bridge priority of zero disables the bridging of wireless traffic to remote INCA IP subnets The default setting allows terminals that are connected to UAPs on a remote INCA IP subnet to communicate with hosts on the primary LAN or home subnet without bridging wireless traffic to the remote INCA IP subnet Frames that originate on a remote INCA IP subnet are not forwarded inbound through an INCA IP tunnel Permanent and User Defined Filters B 6 The UAP provides extensive filtering capabilities so that only traffic destined to end devices is allowed ARP Server For wireless IP devices ARP requests that originate on the home subnet must be forwarded outbound to remote INCA IP subnets An ARP server capability can be enabled to restrict the propagation of ARP packets t
125. he Bridging Parameters b Using Global Flooding You can use the Global Flooding menu to set system wide flooding parameters in the root UAP that are distributed throughout the network Note that a UAP makes flooding decisions only after frames have been received and filtered Unicast frames have a unique physical address Multicast frames have group addresses Note that a broadcast frame is a special case of a multicast frame Many network protocols use multicast messages for establishing and maintaining connections and use unicast messages for data exchange You can use the Global Flooding menu to set global flooding parameters for both unicast and multicast frames A UAP normally forwards frames only to destination addresses it has learned and stored in its forwarding database Frames are forwarded only on the port that provides the shortest path to the destination address You can configure a UAP to flood the frame in certain directions when it has not learned the direction of the shortest path A UAP cannot learn the location of a multicast address therefore multicast frames are always flooded The Global Flooding menu is shown here Bridge Configuration Global Flooding Multicast Flood Mode Hierarchical Multicast Outbound to Terminals Enabled Multicast Outbound to Secondary LANs Set locally Unicast Flood Mode Disabled Multicast Flood Mode This network wide parameter determines the flooding structure for m
126. he address 172 16 8 1 on subnet 1 and 172 16 16 1 on subnet 2 A host with IP address 172 16 16 5 would specify an IP router address of 172 16 16 1 to reach host 172 16 8 10 The WAP dynamically creates a new IP route table entry whenever it receives an Internet Control Message Protocol ICMP redirect packet For example a default router may return an ICMP redirect packet to a WAP when it receives an IP packet from the WAP and there is a preferred router for the target destination IP Frame Type This parameter indicates the type of frame that contains IP traffic The type can be either DIX or SNAP DIX frames are also known as Ethernet v2 0 frames You typically use DIX frames for TCP IP over an Ethernet network If other computers on your network use RFC1042 SNAP encapsulation for IP frames then select SNAP frame type The default is DIX DHCP The WAP has DHCP client support so that it can automatically accept IP addresses from a DHCP or BOOTP server on the network Using DHCP simplifies installation of IP devices because it eliminates the manual entry of IP addresses subnet masks and default router IP addresses on every device The WAP responds to both DHCP and BOOTP servers however preference is given to DHCP servers If a BOOTP reply arrives at the WAP before any DHCP offers are received the WAP waits an additional 4 seconds for a DHCP offer before responding If a DHCP offer is received within the 4 second period the BOOTP reply is ign
127. high medium or low An attach priority of high means this radio is more likely than an end device to obtain transmit time An attach priority of medium means this radio is as equally likely as an end device to obtain transmit time and an attach priority of low means this radio is less likely than an end device to obtain transmit time The default attach priority is high Attach priority is used in combination with other factors such as loading and signal strength therefore an end device may attach to a lower priority access point that provides a better wireless link End devices ignore the attach priority when selecting between two UAPs that have the same attach priority Attach priority is useful when you need a redundant network with some UAPs serving as standby units If a higher priority UAP fails end devices fall back to a lower priority UAP within the same coverage area Note You should position the antenna at least 3 meters 10 feet away from the UAP to achieve the specified performance for the UHF radio 4 21 Configuring the Bridging Parameters Configuring the Bridging Parameters b This chapter explains how to use the Bridge Configuration menus to set basic bridging parameters as well as filtering flooding control and global RF parameters Using the Bridge Configuration Menu To configure your UAP as a bridge between your wireless devices and your Ethernet network you may need to set some bridging parameters that
128. his one If you are using the suggested 192 168 h h IP address you should use the subnet mask of 255 255 0 0 This mask provides network 192 168 with space for thousands of devices 2 13 21 Universal Access Point Technical Reference Manual 2 14 LAN ID Domain The LAN ID or domain identifies the INCA spanning tree All devices in a wireless network must have the same LAN ID The range is O to 254 The default value is 0 Note If you assign a LAN ID greater than 15 for an OpenAir radio the value UAP uses is the remainder after dividing the LAN ID by 16 For example the domain is 5 if the LAN ID is 5 21 or 37 AP Name You can assign a unique name to identify this UAP in the network AP name can be from 1 to 16 characters long The default AP name is the serial number of the UAP The AP Name parameter is also used by the OpenAir master to distinguish the radios in this UAP from other radios in the network Only the first 11 characters are used for the OpenAir master name Ethernet Choose this menu command to access the Ethernet port configuration menu See Chapter 4 Configuring the Ports for more information about configuring the Ethernet port 2 4 GHz OpenAir A This menu command appears if a 2 4 GHz OpenAir radio is installed in the first radio slot in the UAP Choose this menu command to access the OpenAir port configuration menu For information about configuring this port see Configuring the 2 4 GHz
129. hrough tunnels to only those packets that are destined for end devices Forwarding Restrictions Unicast frames are only forwarded outbound through an INCA IP tunnel if the destination address identifies an end device that has roamed to a remote subnet By default wireless traffic is not bridged to remote INCA IP subnets traffic from a remote IP subnet is never forwarded inbound through an INCA IP tunnel Permanent Filters Certain frame types are never forwarded through tunnels other frames are always forwarded Frame types that are never forwarded include IP protocols used for coordinating routers and MAC frames used for coordinating bridges Frame Types That Are Never Forwarded e 802 14 bridge frames e Proprietary VLAN switch frames e IP frames with a broadcast or multicast Ethernet address Understanding INCA IP Frame Types That Are Never Forwarded continuea IP frames with the following router protocol types and decimal values e DGP 86 Dissimilar Gateway Protocol e EGP 8 Exterior Gateway Protocol e 35 Inter Domain Policy Routing Protocol e 45 Inter Domain Routing Protocol e IGP 9 Interior Gateway Protocol e GRP 88 e MHRP 48 Mobile Host Routing Protocol e OSPFIGP 89 Open Shortest Path First Interior Gateway Protocol IP ICMP Internet Control Message Protocol types e e Mobile IP e Router Advertisement e Router Selection IP UDP User Datagram Protocol f
130. if you are outside the United States Configuring the Ports f Frequency This parameter displays the frequencies available on your UAP Some radios have multiple frequencies The default frequency is the first frequency listed Due to regulatory constraints in most countries frequencies can only be programmed by the factory or at service centers equipped to make this change Master Mode This parameter determines how channel access is controlled You can enable or disable master mode If you enable master mode the UAP controls channel access for end devices in its coverage area and end devices automatically operate as slaves If you disable master mode all radios in the network cooperate as peers and UAPs and end devices coordinate channel access as each radio bids for time The default is disabled Using the default often provides quicker access times on lightly to moderately loaded systems You should only configure master mode to enabled if the UAP radio coverage area does not overlap other access points operating in the same area Enabling master mode may improve performance in some environments If master mode is disabled the UAP can overlap coverage areas with access points on the same or different frequencies Attach Priority This parameter only appears on the menu if master mode is disabled When this radio is operating without a master you can determine the likelihood that it will obtain media access by setting attach priority to
131. iguring a Wireless Access Point 3 Configuring Communications Parameters 1 23 Set the serial port terminal communications parameters on your PC to the following values Parameter Setting Baud 9600 Data bits 8 Parity none Stop bit 1 Flow control none If you are using a terminal emulation program choose VT100 as the terminal type To configure the communications parameters using HyperTerminal 1 2 3 4 Open HyperTerminal From the File menu choose Properties Choose Configure The COMI Properties dialog box appears Set the parameters to the values shown here COM1 Properties Port Settings Bits per second 50 Data bits e Parity Nene Stop bits fi Flow control None h Restore Defaults 5 Click OK 3 7 21XX Universal Access Point Technical Reference Manual Logging Onto the WAP There are two ways you can log onto the WAP to configure it You can interrupt the boot process and configure the WAP before it loads the current default configuration You can allow the WAP to complete the boot process using the current default configuration and then reconfigure it To interrupt the boot process and log on 1 When you see the following message on the screen quickly press any key on the keyboard Press any key within 5 seconds to configure the UAP before starting system The following message appears on the screen Opening configuration sessi
132. ilable on your UAP Mode Channel options are country dependent For example the following combinations are valid in the United States DS 225K Channel 25 DS 090K Channel 10 DS 090K Channel 15 DS 090K Channel 20 DS 090K Channel 25 DS 090K Channel 30 DS 090K Channel 35 DS 090K Channel 40 DS 450K Channel 25 Mode Channel combinations are described here DS 225K Channel 25 DS 090K Channel 10 through DS 090K Channel 40 DS 450K Channel 25 Uses one direct sequenced channel at 225 000 bits per second This one moderate speed channel uses all available bandwidth Uses one of several direct sequenced channels at 90 000 bits per second Seven low speed channels share the available bandwidth Uses one direct sequenced channel at 450 000 bits per second This one high speed channel uses all available bandwidth 4 13 21XX Universal Access Point Technical Reference Manual Configuring the IEEE 802 11 Direct Sequence Port 4 14 Choose the IEEE 802 11 DS command from the Quick Start menu to configure your IEEE 802 11 DS port The IEEE 802 11 DS menu appears Quick Start IEEE 802 11 DS A MAC Address 00 00 00 00 00 00 Port Control lt Enabled gt Hello Period lt 2 Seconds gt Network Name INTERMEC Frequency 2422 MHz WEP Encryption Disabled Version Information Advanced Configuration Note Intermec does not support point to point bridging or wireless repeating functionality using the IEEE 802 11 DS radi
133. inactive segments on the root UAP e set the time the upgrade is to begin e specify whether to reboot all UAPs or only the upgraded UAPs when the upgrade completes Upgrading the UAP When you upgrade multiple UAPs using this feature one UAP is upgraded at a time during the upgrade process The amount of time required for the entire upgrade depends upon the number of access points in your network Each UAP requires at least three or four minutes to upgrade a two hop WAP may require up to ten minutes to upgrade The browser screen automatically refreshes every 30 seconds so you can monitor the progress After the UAPs are upgraded the reboot process requires several additional minutes for the UAPs to boot If you choose to reboot all UAPs you must sign in to a new Web browser session after the UAPs boot To upgrade other UAPs 1 From the Universal Access Point Configuration Web page on the root UAP choose the Upgrade Other UAPs command The following screen appears us Rateci rer ern m aer parados Acces Palins da dier Meter Unas IP AIAT AR rs DELE hd wep unit Eliana 2 In the Start Upgrade time drop down list box select the start time You can start the upgrade now or from one to 12 hours from now 3 In the Start Upgrade source list box select the source of the upgrade e The From this UAP option uses the firmware that is currently in the active bo
134. ins the wired primary LAN and any wireless extensions of the subnet inbound frames Frames moving toward the primary LAN IGMP Internet Group Management Protocol IGMP is a protocol that allows the UAP to have more than eight INCA IP tunnels IGMP allows a UAP to participate in an IP multicast group without any special router configuration INCA Integrated Network Communications Architecture Intermec s architecture for wireless LANs INCA is based on the principles of openness and flexibility so that it can accommodate future networking needs INCA blends network connectivity and wireless LANs into a complete plug and play system Glossary G INCA IP The INCA protocol that allows IP tunneling between compatible network components on either side of a router IP subnet A single member of the collection of hardware networks that composes an IP network Host addresses on a given subnet share an IP network number with hosts on all other subnets of the IP network The local address is divided into subnet number and host number fields to indicate which subnet a host is on MAC address There are 2 types of MAC addresses unicast and broadcast Unicast specifies a single Ethernet interface Multicast specifies a group of Ethernet addresses Broadcast is a variation of multicast in which a multicast is received by all interfaces MIB Management Information Base This repository stores network traffic information that SNMP manageme
135. into the IEEE 802 11 DS radio card For more information see Viewing Version Information later in this chapter 4 15 21XX Universal Access Point Technical Reference Manual Advanced Configuration This command lets you change parameters to tune your IEEE 802 11 DS radio performance for your specific environment In general you should not need to change the values of these parameters For more information see Setting Advanced Configurations later in this chapter Setting WEP Configuration Parameters If your IEEE 802 11 DS radio supports WEP encryption and you set the WEP Encryption parameter to enabled you can use the WEP Configuration menu to configure the WEP parameters Quick Start IEEE 802 11 DS A WEP Configuration WEP Method for Authentication lt System gt WEP Receive Data lt Encryption Required gt WEP Transmit Key 1 WEP Default Key Configuration WEP Method for Authentication This parameter determines if WEP is used as part of the authentication algorithm when end devices attach to the UAP This parameter has no effect on the use of WEP during regular wireless communications between this UAP and end devices The WEP method for authentication settings are Open System WEP encryption is not used as part of the authentication default algorithm with end devices Shared Key WEP encryption is used as part of the authentication algorithm with end devices WEP Receive Data This parameter det
136. io protocol for better performance in environments with high interference or multipath Throughput Optimizes the settings for the radio protocol for better performance of file transfer operations in open or uncongested environments such as office areas Manual Allows you to adjust 2 4 GHz OpenAir MAC parameters individually using the Manual MAC Parms command Manual MAC Parms This command only appears on the menu if you set the MAC Configuration parameter to manual When you choose this command you go to a menu where you can set specific MAC parameters For help see Setting Manual MAC Parameters in the next section 4 9 21XX Universal Access Point Technical Reference Manual 4 10 Setting Manual MAC Parameters Occasionally you may need to fine tune your 2 4 GHz OpenAir radio parameters You can configure MAC settings manually by using the Manual MAC Parms menu To access the Manual MAC Parms menu you must set the MAC Configuration parameter to manual and then select the Manual MAC Parms command from the 2 4 GHz OpenAir configuration menu Note Adjusting the manual MAC parameters is not advised unless instructed to do so by Intermec Technical Support Quick Start 2 4 GHz OpenAir A Manual MAC Parms Hop Period lt 200ms gt Beacon Frequency 2 Deferral Slot lt Default gt Fairness Slot lt Default gt Fragment Size 310 Transmit Mode lt AUTO gt Norm Ack Retry 255 Frag Ack Retry 259 Norm OFSK Retry 259
137. istered address of 224 0 1 65 The selected address must be configured in the INCAP address list in the root AP Note that the address list can contain other IP addresses Normally IGMP is enabled and an IGMP address is configured in at least one AP on each remote IP subnet Some routers can provide proxy IGMP services for IP hosts IP multicast has the following advantages e The user does not have to know unicast or directed broadcast IP addresses in advance e IP multicast provides better built in redundancy than IP unicast because UAP can potentially establish an INCA IP tunnel e INCA IP hello messages are only forwarded to those IP subnets and IP hosts such as INCA UAPs that participate in the INCA multicast group Directed broadcast packets are forwarded to all IP hosts on the target subnet Positioning Antennas Positioning Antennas C This appendix provides information about positioning the antennas for the UAP Specific guidelines for antenna separation are provided for those configurations that have multiple antennas Antenna Placement Guidelines Every environment is unique with different obstacles and materials Therefore the exact range that you will achieve with your UAP is difficult to determine Intermec recommends that you allow an Intermec certified RF specialist to perform a site survey before you install a wireless network For more information on site surveys contact your local Intermec represent
138. ited States e DS 225K Channel 25 e DS 090K Channel 10 e DS 090K Channel 15 e DS 090K Channel 20 e DS 090K Channel 25 e DS 090K Channel 30 3 23 21XX Universal Access Point Technical Reference Manual 900 MHz Mode Channels Valid in the United States continued e DS 090K Channel 35 e DS 090K Channel 40 e DS 450K Channel 25 Mode Channel combinations are DS 225K Channel 25 Uses one direct sequenced channel at 225 000 bits per second This one moderate speed channel uses all available bandwidth DS 090K Channel 10 Uses one of several direct sequenced channels at 90 000 through bits per second Seven low speed channels share the DS 090K Channel 40 available bandwidth DS 450K Channel 25 Uses one direct sequenced channel at 450 000 bits per second This one high speed channel uses all available bandwidth ej Note You can position your 900 MHz Falcon WAPs at least 15 24 meters 50 feet apart Positioning your WAPs closer than 15 24 meters will not increase throughput but may provide redundancy 3 24 Configuring the Ports Configuring the Ports f This chapter explains how to configure the Ethernet INCA IP and radio ports Configuring the Ethernet Port You may need to configure some Ethernet parameters if your UAP is wired to your Ethernet network To configure the Ethernet port choose the Ethernet command from the Quick Start menu The Ethernet menu appears Quick Start Ethernet MAC Address 00 10 40 00
139. k Configuration Menu Defaults Parameter Name IP Address IP Subnet Mask IP Router IP Frame Type DHCP DHCP Server Name Auto ARP Minutes Range 4 nodes 0 to 255 4 nodes 0 to 255 4 nodes 0 to 255 DIX SNAP Enabled Disabled Enabled if 0 to 31 characters 0 to 120 Default Site Setting 0 0 0 0 255 255 255 0 0 0 0 0 DIX Enabled if IP Address 0 blank 5 Bridge Configuration Menu Defaults Parameter Name LAN ID Root Priority Ethernet Bridging Secondary LAN Bridge Priority Secondary LAN Flooding Global Flooding Multicast Flood Mode Outbound to Terminals Outbound to Secondary LANs Unicast Flood Mode Outbound to Terminals Outbound to Secondary LANs ARP Server Mode Range 0 to 254 0 to 7 Enabled Disabled 0 to 7 Disabled Enabled Multicast Unicast Hierarchical Universal Disabled Enabled Disabled Set Locally Enabled Hierarchical Universal Disabled Enabled Disabled Set Locally Enabled Disabled No Flooding Normal Flooding Specifications A Default 0 1 Enabled 0 Site Setting Disabled Hierarchical Enabled Set Locally Disabled Disabled Set Locally Disabled A 11 21XX Universal Access Point Technical Reference Manual Bridge Configuration Menu Defaults continued Parameter Name Range Global RF Parameters 400 MHz UHF Rfp Threshold Set Globally Enabled Disabled Value 0 to 250 400 MHz UHF Frag Size Set Glo
140. l creating data link 5 4 creating INCA IP B 8 B 12 tunneling 1 4 and DHCP 2 17 U UAP accessing via Telnet 6 3 accessing via Web browser 6 5 applying power 2 7 configuring for point to point bridging 2 18 configuring for redundancy 1 9 configuring using Network Configuration menu 2 15 configuring using Quick Start menu 2 13 description 1 3 factory default settings A 6 to A 12 features 1 4 file system 8 3 forwarding database 1 6 initial configuration 2 9 installing quick 2 3 standard 2 5 managing remotely 6 3 monitor 8 3 to 8 8 mounting 2 12 navigating through the menus 1 16 network organization 1 6 prompt 8 4 redundancy B 9 security 1 5 transmission range C 3 using as a point to point bridge 1 10 using as arepeater 1 11 using in acomplex network 1 8 using in a simple network 1 7 UHF radio attach priority 4 21 call sign 4 20 channels A 5 coverage A 5 data rate A 5 factory default settings A 10 frequency 4 21 frequency band A 5 Index hello period 4 20 MAC address 4 20 master mode 4 21 port control 4 20 port configuring 4 20 power output A 5 radio type A 5 range A 5 receiver sensitivity A 5 unicast flood mode 5 8 unicast frames about 5 7 universal multicast flood mode setting 5 7 unicast flood mode setting 5 8 Universal Access Point 1 3 See also UAP unknown MAC addresses and global flooding 5 7 upgrading other UAPs Web browser command D 8 upgra
141. l different antennas including higher gain and directional antennas Each of these antennas ships with installation and mounting instructions Caution Government regulatory agencies mandate that the antenna not be alterable Therefore the access point uses a custom antenna connector Do not attempt to use a different antenna or you may damage the connector and the access point Conseil Les agences responsables de la reglementation gouvernementale exigent que l antenne ne soit pas modifiable Par cons quent le point d acc s est dot d un connecteur d antenne personnalis Ne pas essayer d utiliser une antenne diff rente au risque d endommager le connecteur et le point d acc s To install the antenna e Using a clockwise motion firmly screw the antenna or antenna cable onto the antenna connector on the WAP If you have a WAP with 2 4 GHz OpenAir radios you need to attach one antenna cable for each radio For specific information about antenna placement see Positioning the Antennas for a 2 4 GHz OpenAir WAP in Appendix C Installing and Configuring a Wireless Access Point 3 The following illustration identifies the antenna connector on the 2100 Antenna connector 21XXT023 eps The following illustration identifies the antenna connector on the 2101 Antenna Antenna connector o Cer d e 9i 21XXT020 eps 3 5 21 Universal Access Point Technical
142. led HCP State Enabled ee HCP Server Press any key to exit Installing and Configuring the UAP Installing and Configuring the UAP 2 This chapter describes the system requirements for the UAP It also provides procedures for performing a quick installation and a standard installation and it provides an explanation of when you can perform a quick installation This chapter also includes specific information about configuring UAPs for point to point bridging System Requirements You need to provide certain items to install the UAP in your wired network Additionally you may need to configure the UAP before you install it This section describes the items you need to install the UAP and it provides information to help you determine if you need to configure the UAP before installing it This section also lists the items you need to perform the configuration Installation Requirements To install a 2100 in your network you need to provide these items e jOBaseT or 10Base2 Ethernet cable e Power cable e Antenna or antenna cable Intermec sells a variety of antennas and power cables Contact your Intermec representative for information about the power cable or antenna appropriate for your installation To install a 2101 in your network you need to provide e 10BaseT Ethernet cable The 2101 ships with a power cable and an antenna Configuration Requirements You may need to configure the UAP before you install
143. less stations Ethernet 21XXT014 eps In the above example UAP3 might be located on a loading dock or other remote location It has dual OpenAir radios for redundancy During normal operations UAP3 functions as a wired bridge transmitting to and from the host on the Ethernet network However if the Ethernet connection is disrupted UAP3 functions as a wireless access point or repeater continuing operations using a wireless link to a master OpenAir radio in UAP2 Note In the above example UAP2 must have the Wireless Hops parameter enabled and UAP3 must be within range of UAP2 1 9 21 Universal Access Point Technical Reference Manual 1 10 Using UAPs as a Point To Point Bridge You can use UAPs to create a wireless or point to point bridge between two LANs You can have a UAP wired to a network in one building and have a second UAP wired to a network in another building Wired and wireless clients in both buildings can then communicate with each other over the wireless bridge created by the UAPs This configuration is useful in areas where pavement or other obstacles prevent installation of a wired link For information about configuring UAPs for point to point bridging see Configuring UAPs for Point to Point Bridging in Chapter 2 Ethernet Ethernet 21XXT013 eps Note You can configure UAPs for point to point bridging if the UAPs that form the bridge each have two 2 4 GHz OpenAir radios or one 900 MHz Falcon
144. lnet If you reboot the UAP from a Telnet session the session terminates You can establish a new Telnet session with the UAP after it reboots The following example uses Microsoft Telnet To establish a Telnet session with the UAP 1 Identify the IP address of the UAP 2 Verify that your PC or workstation is connected to the Ethernet network and has a Telnet VT emulator installed Ensure that the UAP is powered up and has completed its boot sequence 4 Onthe PC or workstation open a Telnet session Choose Connect then choose Remote System The Connect dialog box appears Host Name fi 0 10 13 231 Port teinet TermType 1 00 Cancel 6 3 21XX Universal Access Point Technical Reference Manual In the Host Name field enter the IP Address of the UAP Click Connect The UAP logon screen appears of Telnet 10 10 13 231 Tx Connect Edit Terminal Help Configuration of Universal Access Point Copyright 1995 1999 Intermec Technologies Corporation All rights reserve IP 18 18 13 231 Serial 1234567898 Password B 8 Inthe Password field enter the password The default is Intermec 9 Press Enter The Configuration menu appears Quick Start Network Configuration Bridge Configuration Summary Maintenance Save Configuration Reboot You can now configure the UAP remotely using Telnet The same configuration menus that are available through a serial connection a
145. looding parameters for a point to point bridge e Ifall gateways and servers are on the primary LAN use the Multicast Flood Mode default parameter of hierarchical e If end devices must communicate with gateways or servers on a secondary LAN set the Multicast Flood Mode parameter to universal e If end devices on a secondary LAN communicate with end devices on another secondary LAN set the Multicast Flood Mode parameter to universal You configure the Global Flooding parameters from the Bridge Configuration menu For more information see Chapter 5 Configuring the Bridging Parameters Configuring 2 4 GHz OpenAir UAPs for Point to Point Bridging If you are using 2 4 GHz OpenAir radios for wireless bridging you need to configure one UAP as a master and configure the second UAP as a station For wireless bridging both 2 4 GHz OpenAir radios must have the same e LANID e Security ID e Channel e Subchannel Installing and Configuring the UAP 2 The following table provides an example of how to configure 2 4 GHz OpenAir UAPs for a point to point or wireless bridge Parameter UAP on Primary LAN UAP on Secondary LAN LAN ID 1 1 Root Priority 5 0 Secondary LAN Bridge Priority 0 5 Secondary LAN Flooding Disabled Disabled Node Type Master Station Channel 1 1 Subchannel 1 1 Wireless Hops Enabled does not apply Note Make sure the root priority of the 2 4 GHz OpenAir master is greater than the root priority of th
146. low the instructions that came with the bracket 3 Reconnect the UAP to a power supply Connecting to the Ethernet Network You can connect a 2100 to your Ethernet network using either a 10BaseT or 10Base2 connection You must use a 10BaseT connection to connect the 2101 to the Ethernet network To connect the UAP to an Ethernet network e Ifyou are using a 10BaseT cable attach one end of the cable to the 10BaseT port on the UAP and attach the other end to your Ethernet network Or if you have a 2100 you can attach one end of a 10Base2 cable to the 10Base2 port on the 2100 and attach the other end to your Ethernet network Installing and Configuring the UAP 2 Using the Quick Start Menu You use the Quick Start menu to set basic network parameters The UAP automatically detects the ports and radio cards installed in it and displays each port on the Quick Start menu Your Quick Start menu may display different radio options than the example shown here because of the variety of hardware configurations available Quick Start IP Address 0 0 0 0 IP Subnet Mask 255 255 2550 LAN ID Domain 0 AP Name Ethernet 2 4 GHz OpenAir A INCA IP IP Address Each node that communicates with the Ethernet network must have a unique IP address The IP address is a network level address assigned to each device in a TCP IP network The default IP address is 0 0 0 0 The range is to 255 The first number cannot be zero unless all re
147. ly concatenated with an INCA IP tunnel so that wireless traffic can be completely isolated from the remote IP subnet If bridging is enabled on an INCA IP remote subnet then a single UAP functions as the designated bridge for the INCA IP secondary LAN In this case only the designated bridge can establish an INCA IP tunnel Any other UAP on the remote subnet must attach to the network through the designated bridge B 13 21XX Universal Access Point Technical Reference Manual IGMP B 14 IP multicast relies on an IP protocol called Internet Group Management Protocol IGMP for multicast packet distribution An IP router will only forward an IP multicast packet to those IP subnets that have hosts that participate in the respective multicast group An IP host uses IGMP to notify IP routers that it wants to participate in a multicast group Intermec UAPs can be enabled to advertise participation in a single multicast group by enabling IGMP and defining a Class D IP multicast address The Internet Assigned Numbers Authority has allocated a Class D address of 224 0 1 65 for Intermec s INCA inter access point protocol The UAP IGMP feature is structured so that it is independent of INCA IP it can be used to facilitate IP multicast for INCA IP or any other application IP multicast provides an ideal way to distribute INCA IP hello messages If IP multicast is used the user must select a single IP multicast address which is normally Intermec s reg
148. maining numbers are zero The first node also cannot be 127 or greater than 223 If the IP address is 0 0 0 0 and DHCP is enabled on the Network Configuration menu the IP address is obtained via DHCP If the IP address is 0 0 0 0 and DHCP is disabled TCP IP access to this is disabled If you are installing this UAP on an existing Ethernet segment you should allocate the IP address from the same pool as the existing computers on the segment If you are installing this UAP as the first device on a new Ethernet segment that is not going to connect to the Internet try using this Class C address 192 168 h h This Class C network address is reserved by the numbering authority for a company s internal use If the Class C address appears on the Internet routers drop the data For each UAP in your network replace the h s with unique numbers between 0 and 254 IP Subnet Mask The subnet mask is used in the IP protocol to separate the subnet address from the local IP address The IP protocol performs a bit wise AND on the IP address and the subnet mask For example if the IP address is 192 168 150 184 and the subnet mask 15 255 255 255 0 the subnet address is 192 168 150 The default IP subnet mask is 255 255 255 0 If this UAP is installed on an existing Ethernet segment the subnet mask should match the other computers on the segment If you are using DHCP to obtain an IP address then the subnet mask that is obtained from DHCP will supersede t
149. mec Technical Support Manual MAC Parms This command only appears on the menu if you setthe MAC Configuration parameter to the manual setting When you choose this command you go to a menu where you can set specific MAC parameters Setting Manual MAC Configurations on the WAP You can configure MAC settings manually by using the Manual MAC Parms menu To access this menu you must set the MAC Configuration parameter to manual and then select Manual MAC Parms from the 2 4 GHz OpenAir configuration menu Note Adjusting the manual MAC parameters is not advised unless instructed to do so by Intermec Technical Support Quick Start 2 4 GHz OpenAir A Manual MAC Parms Fragment Size 310 Transmit Mode lt AUTO gt Norm Ack Retry 255 Frag Ack Retry 259 Norm OFSK Retry 259 Frag OFSK Retry 255 Fragment Size This parameter specifies the maximum fragment size that can be sent over this radio during interference Fragments are created when errors occur in transmission You can set fragment size to a value from 1 to 1540 The default is 310 You may want to set a smaller fragment size if your environment has a high level of interference 3 17 21 Universal Access Point Technical Reference Manual 3 18 Transmit Mode This parameter modulates the transmit signal and sets the bits per second You can set transmit mode to BFSK QFSK or AUTO The default is AUTO Transmit mode settings are BFSK Binary Frequency Shift Transmits at 0 8
150. mmands that you execute when you access the Configuration menu through a serial or Telnet connection When you select the Configuration Menu command the following screen appears Jj termes ad cocoon Pe Loiu haachi Interest Lac gerexked by MSH De Ei me Fyi lei d D ale 3 3 a A Piratas Hai E bra Exi uA pep 2010113011070 nnn t Eo Intermec fechnologies Corporation Universal Access Point Configuration Subri Charges Coves mana ls Frewer changen Up to Epa kvel mer Eetp Logout Enbe quick Jrarr Marwork Configurar jan rime i at 1 EXE ALCA Copyright 1999 1999 Intesmec Technalogies Carparanan All rights reserved Managing the UAP Remotely To configure the UAP 1 Choose a command from the Universal Access Point Configuration menu For example if you choose Quick Start the following screen appears A A ATO ZTE I7 DTE c gn nr Dach aae he fechnaingues Corporation Universal Access Point Configuration Sibma Changes Current rera s Quick Scart Bemus hasari Up to Bacher kya meen Edp Leges Reboot address 1322 4 numm D 255 IT Subert Mask 25525508 4 rum D 25 LEM ID barata fi 0 1234 fme ao nin 19 ohare Ether 1 4 Gls Cpeebic i ty nca Copyright 1999 1999 Intermec Technologies arparaman All rights reserved
151. must enable bridging to the secondary LAN To enable bridging set the Secondary LAN Bridge Priority parameter to a value greater than zero The UAP with the highest secondary LAN bridge priority becomes the designated bridge whenever it is powered on and connected to the secondary LAN if it 1s within range of a UAP on the primary LAN If two UAPs have the same secondary LAN bridge priority the UAP with the highest Ethernet address becomes the designated bridge If the current designated bridge goes offline the remaining candidates negotiate to determine which UAP becomes the new designated bridge If a UAP has the highest bridge priority on the secondary LAN but it is not in the radio coverage area of a UAP on the primary LAN it cannot become the designated bridge In this case a UAP with a lower bridge priority becomes the designated bridge A secondary LAN bridge priority of O prohibits the UAP from becoming the designated bridge If all UAPs connected to a secondary LAN have a bridge priority of 0 then a non bridging secondary LAN exists and bridging to the secondary LAN is automatically disabled Note If a switch fails then the INCA spanning tree protocol can automatically bridge around the failed switch with a wireless link However 1f your installation has switches that use a proprietary configuration protocol you may not want to bridge around the switches Set secondary LAN bridge priority to O in this case Configuring t
152. n menu 1 16 Bridge Configuration menu 5 3 to 5 29 Maintenance menu 7 3 to 7 4 Network Configuration menu 2 15 to 2 17 Quick Start menu 2 13 to 2 14 configuring 2 4 GHz OpenAir port 4 6 to 4 11 2 4 GHz OpenAir WAP 3 10 to 3 18 900 MHz Falcon port 3 23 4 12 900 MHz Falcon WAP 3 19 to 3 24 bridge functions 5 3 to 5 29 default router 2 11 2 16 3 13 3 21 Ethernet port 4 3 filters 5 9 to 5 22 IEEE 802 11 DS port 4 14 to 4 19 INCA IP port 4 3 to 4 6 network parameters 2 15 to 2 17 point to point bridging 2 18 root 5 3 UHF port 4 20 via Telnet 6 3 via Web browser 6 5 connecting UAP to Ethernet network 2 12 to serial port 2 7 connecting WAP to power supply 3 6 to serial port 3 6 console command mode entering 7 3 using 8 9 to 8 18 cordless telephones 1 12 creating custom filters for Ethernet 5 12 for INCA IP 5 21 Telnet session 6 3 Web browser session 6 5 D data link tunneling 1 6 5 4 B 13 data rate A 6 data segment 8 3 default settings and quick installation 2 3 list of A 6 to A 12 designated bridge See secondary LAN bridge priority DHCP 1 5 BOOTP server 2 17 3 14 3 22 configuring 2 16 3 14 3 21 IP address finite lease 2 17 IP address infinite lease 2 17 server name configuring 2 17 3 14 3 22 dialog box entering value in 1 17 dipole antenna 2 5 3 4 directional antenna C 3 DIX and INCA frame type 4 3 and IP frame type 2 16 3 13 3 21 domain 2 14 3 12 3 20
153. nagement If you intend to manage your UAP remotely you must first configure the UAP using a direct serial link You can then use Telnet SNMP or a Web browser to remotely monitor traffic set additional configuration parameters and upgrade the firmware You can use any SNMP network management platform to manage the UAP by using variables defined in the UAP s Management Information Base MIB Contact your local Intermec representative for information about obtaining the MIB which is SNMP Version 1 compliant Advanced Filtering The UAP has an advanced wireless LAN feature called Wireless ARP WARP Server An ARP Address Resolution Protocol is a multicast message that is used to determine the physical MAC address of an end device when the IP address is known The ARP server enables the UAP to convert multicast ARP requests to unicast ARP requests These unicast requests reduce wireless broadcast traffic thereby increasing network performance and extending battery life in end devices Learning About the 21XX Universal Access Point 1 Additionally you can set both Ethernet and INCA IP filters on UAP Ethernet filters help reduce the amount of traffic forwarded into the radio network INCA IP filters limit the protocol types that can pass through an INCA IP tunnel IGMP The UAP supports IP multicasting and the Internet Group Management Protocol IGMP IGMP is a protocol that allows you to have more than 8 INCA IP tunnels Using IGMP
154. ncies mandate that the antenna not be alterable Therefore the access point uses a custom antenna connector Do not attempt to use a different antenna or you may damage the connector and the access point Conseil Les agences responsables de la reglementation gouvernementale exigent que l antenne ne soit pas modifiable Par cons quent le point d acces est dot d un connecteur d antenne personnalise Ne pas essayer d utiliser une antenne differente au risque d endommager le connecteur et le point d acces To perform a quick installation 1 Use a clockwise motion to firmly attach an antenna or antenna cable onto the antenna connector on the UAP 2 If you have a 2100 unscrew the thumbscrews on the cable access door and remove the door 3 Attach an Ethernet cable to the appropriate Ethernet port 4 If you have a 2100 plug one end of the power cable into the power port on the 2100 If you have a 2101 plug the power cable into the power supply Plug the power supply into the 2101 5 If you have a 2100 reinstall the cable access door and tighten the thumbscrews 6 Mount the UAP if needed The 2101 ships with a wall bracket and mounting instructions Additional mounting brackets are available as accessories for both the 2100 and the 2101 For mounting instructions see the instruction sheet that shipped with the bracket 7 Plug the power cable into an AC power outlet There is no On Off switch the UAP turns on as so
155. nds Awake time does not pertain to OpenAir or IEEE 802 11 DS radios however you may need to set awake time for other types of radios on your network RFC1042 DIX conversion This parameter determines how the UAP will handle the conversion of RFC1042 frames that are received on its IEEE 802 11 DS radio ports You can set RFC1042 DIX conversion to either enabled or disabled The default is enabled When RFC1042 DIX conversion is set to enabled frames received from an IEEE 802 11 DS radio with a protocol type equal to a value in the RFC1042 types to pass through list are forwarded without conversion Frames with protocol types that are not found in the list are converted to DIX format before forwarding To convert all 000000 OUI Organizationally Unique Identifier SNAP frame types to DIX frames set RFC1042 DIX conversion to enabled and make sure that all entries in the RFC1042 types to pass through list are 00 00 When RFC1042 DIX conversion is set to disabled frames received from an IEEE 802 11 DS radio port will not be translated from RFC1042 format to DIX That is when a SNAP frame is received from an IEEE 802 11 DS radio with an OUI equal to 000000 the frame is forwarded without conversion Configuring the Bridging Parameters b Note RFC1042 DIX conversion only applies to frames received on an IEEE 802 11 DS radio port All DIX frames received on an Ethernet port are converted to 802 1H 0000F8 OUI SNAP types before being sent
156. network End devices can connect with any UAP that is within range and that belongs to the same INCA network With the UAP multichannel architecture you can have more than one UAP within the same cell area to increase throughput In addition overlapping radio coverage cells offer redundancy for critical applications so that coverage is not lost if a single UAP or radio fails You initially configure the UAP using the serial port You can then use SNMP Telnet or a Web browser to manage them remotely For information about configuring your UAPs see Performing a Standard Installation in Chapter 2 Ethernet Learning About the 21XX Universal Access Point 1 Using UAPs with Dual Radios for Redundancy To provide redundancy for your network you can use UAPs that have two 2 4 GHz OpenAir radios installed You configure one OpenAir radio as a master to communicate with end devices configured as stations The second OpenAir radio configured as a station provides backup transmission if the Ethernet network goes down During normal operations frames received from end devices are transmitted to the master OpenAir radio in the UAP which then bridges the frames to the Ethernet network However if the Ethernet connection is broken the master OpenAir radio receives the transmissions from the end devices and then the station OpenAir radio in the UAP transmits the data to a master OpenAir radio in another UAP Wire
157. ng from Quick Start menu 2 13 2 15 3 11 3 13 3 19 3 20 finite lease 2 17 infinite lease 2 17 list for INCA IP port 4 5 6 11 IP frame type 2 16 3 13 3 21 IP router 2 16 3 13 3 21 IP subnet mask 2 13 2 15 3 11 3 13 3 19 3 20 K keystrokes for menu navigation 1 16 L LAN ID configuring from Quick Start menu 2 14 3 12 3 20 5 3 LEDs during power up 7 6 understanding 1 13 logging on to the UAP 2 9 to the WAP 3 8 M MAC address 2 4 GHz OpenAir port 3 15 4 7 900 MHz Falcon port 3 23 4 12 entering in Ethernet address table 5 10 Ethernet port 4 3 IEEE 802 11 DS port 4 14 UHF port 4 20 MAC configuration settings 3 16 4 9 main menu 1 16 Maintenance menu about 7 3 About Intermec UAP 7 4 analysis tools 7 3 console command 7 3 password 7 3 port statistics 7 6 read current configurations from flash 7 4 read factory default configurations 7 4 service password 7 3 UAP connections 7 5 management access 6 Management Information Base 1 4 8 19 manual MAC parms beacon frequency 4 10 deferral slot 4 10 fairness slot 4 10 frag ack retry 3 18 4 11 frag QFSK retry 3 18 4 11 fragment size 4 11 hop period 4 10 norm ack retry 3 18 4 11 norm QFSK retry 3 18 4 11 setting 3 17 4 9 transmit mode 3 18 4 11 master list 2 4 GHz OpenAir radio 4 8 master mode UHF radio 4 21 master 2 4 GHz OpenAir node type 3 16 4 7 Media Access protocol A 6 medium reservation IE
158. nt programs collect Your network administrator can use management software interacting with the MIB to obtain information about network activity Contact your local Intermec representative to learn how to obtain a copy of the MIB for the UAP multicast address A form of broadcast address through which copies of the frame are delivered to a subset of all possible destinations that have a common multicast address non bridging secondary LAN A secondary LAN that does not have a designated bridge A non bridging secondary LAN is used to interconnect UAPs without using wireless hops OSI model Open Systems Interconnection reference model A framework developed by the International Standards Organization ISO to provide worldwide standards for computer communications outbound frames Frames moving away from the primary LAN peer to peer network A type of LAN whose workstations are capable of being both clients and servers 21XX Universal Access Point Technical Reference Manual point to point bridge A wireless link that connects two wired Ethernet segments Two UAPs can be used to provide a point to point bridge between two buildings so that wired and wireless devices in each building can communicate with devices in the other building primary bridging Ethernet bridging on a root port A UAP uses primary bridging to bridge frames to and from the Ethernet network on its root port Note that primary bridging is not the same as bridging to
159. number cannot be zero unless all remaining numbers are zero The first node also cannot be 127 or greater than 223 If the IP address is 0 0 0 0 and DHCP is enabled on the Network Configuration menu the IP address is obtained via DHCP If the IP address is 0 0 0 0 and DHCP is disabled TCP IP access to this is disabled IP Subnet Mask The subnet mask is used in the IP protocol to separate the subnet address from the local IP address The IP protocol performs a bit wise AND on the IP address and the subnet mask For example if the IP address is 192 168 150 184 and the subnet mask is 255 255 255 0 the subnet address is 192 168 150 The default IP subnet mask is 255 255 255 0 3 19 21 Universal Access Point Technical Reference Manual 3 20 If this WAP is installed on an existing segment the subnet mask should match the other computers on the segment If you are using DHCP to obtain an IP address then the subnet mask that is obtained from DHCP will supersede this one If you are using the suggested 192 168 h h IP address you should use the subnet mask of 255 255 0 0 This mask provides network 192 168 with space for thousands of devices LAN ID Domain The LAN ID or domain identifies the INCA spanning tree All wireless devices in a wireless network must have the same LAN ID The range for 900 MHz Falcon devices is 0 to 254 The default value is 0 AP Name You can assign a unique name to identify this WAP in the network AP n
160. o MONA Universa Power m Yok H T Wireless 1 Sed R CT pepe ess sp oe so Wireless 2 oot error Wired LAN 21XXT018 eps 1 13 21 Universal Access Point Technical Reference Manual When you first apply power to the UAP all LEDs light as the UAP performs a self test When the self test is complete only the Power LED remains on If the UAP is configured as the root the Root error light flashes If any other LED remains on after the self test an error has occurred For troubleshooting information see Chapter 7 Maintenance and Troubleshooting During normal operation the LEDs flash on and off as the UAP transmits data The following table describes each LED Function Description Power Remains on when power is applied Wireless 1 Flashes when a frame is transmitted or received on the radio port for the radio installed in slot 1 Wireless 2 Ifthe UAP has a second radio installed this LED flashes when a frame is transmitted or received on the radio port for the radio installed in slot 2 Wired LAN Flashes when a frame is transmitted or received on the Ethernet port Root error Flashes if this device is configured as the root Understanding the Connectors 1 14 The following table describes the connectors that are on both the 2100 and 2101 UAPs Function Description Power port Use the Power port and an appropriate power cable to connect your UAP to an AC pow
161. o Period lt 2 Seconds gt File Name synuhf_d bin Call Sign Frequency lt 460050000 Hz gt Master Mode lt Disabled gt Attach Priority lt High gt MAC Address This read only parameter displays the MAC address of this port Port Control This parameter lets you enable or disable the UHF port The default is enabled Hello Period This parameter controls how frequently the UAP broadcasts hello packets on the UHF port Hello packets are used to maintain the spanning tree They also serve as beacon messages to synchronize communications with power managed stations You can specify hello packets to be broadcast every 1 2 or 3 seconds The default is 2 seconds File Name This parameter specifies the name of the radio s driver software The default file name is synuhf_d bin Note You should not need to change this name only change this name when directed to do so by Intermec Technical Support Call Sign Agencies that allocate UHF frequencies such as the Federal Communications Commission FCC in the United States may require that this UAP periodically transmit a call sign The call sign is granted as part of the FCC license process Insert the call sign from the FCC license certificate in this parameter Failure to transmit the call sign is a violation of United States law Call sign can be from 0 to 12 characters in length Note The Call Sign parameter only applies to radios in the United States Ignore this parameter
162. o in the UAP at this time Intermec also does not support dual IEEE 802 11 DS radios or mixed radios in the UAP MAC Address This read only parameter displays the MAC address of this port Port Control This parameter lets you enable or disable the IEEE 802 11 port The default is enabled Hello Period This parameter controls how frequently the UAP broadcasts hello packets on the IEEE 802 11 DS port Hello packets are used to maintain the spanning tree They also serve as beacon messages to synchronize communications with power managed stations You can specify hello packets to be broadcast every 1 2 or 3 seconds The default is 2 seconds Network Name The IEEE 802 11 DS radio communicates with other IEEE 802 11 DS radios that have the same network name Assign a network name to the UAP and then assign the same network name to the end devices that will connect to the UAP The network name can be a maximum length of 32 alphanumeric characters The default network name is INTERMEC case sensitive You can also configure network name to ANY which lets the UAP communicate with any IEEE 802 11 DS end device in the network regardless of the network name configured in the end device Frequency This parameter determines the particular frequency within the 2400 to 2500 MHz range that the UAP uses to transmit and receive packets The available frequencies are country dependent and are determined by the radio Configuring the Ports f For UAP
163. o install and configure the 21XX Universal Access Point Installing and configuring a wireless Chapter 3 Installing and Configuring a Wireless access point Access Point explains how to install and configure a wireless access point Configuring the ports Chapter 4 Configuring the Ports explains how to configure your wired and wireless ports Configuring the bridging parameters Chapter 5 Configuring the Bridging Parameters explains how to set bridge parameters create filters and set global radio parameters For Information On Using Telnet or a Web browser to access the access point Performing maintenance and troubleshooting Using advanced features Specifications and default values INCA IP Positioning antennas Upgrading the access point Terminology Before You Begin Refer To Chapter 6 Managing the UAP Remotely provides information on accessing the UAP remotely Chapter 7 Maintenance and Troubleshooting provides information on using the Maintenance menu and resolving frequently asked questions Chapter 8 Advanced Features explains how to use console command mode script files and the UAP command monitor Appendix A Specifications provides specifications and default values for the universal access point Appendix B Understanding INCA IP provides an overview of INCA IP Appendix C Positioning Antennas provides specific information abou
164. obile IP Comparison The Internet Engineering Task Force developed RFC 2002 IP Mobility Support commonly referred to as Mobile IP to provide mobility for IP hosts Mobile IP is designed primarily to address the needs of IP end device that may move between geographically separated locations INCA IP is designed primarily to operate in local environments where hand held or vehicle mounted end devices may move rapidly between UAP coverage areas on a subnetted LAN although it is possible to attach a geographically remote subnet through an INCA IP tunnel The two technologies are complimentary and may coexist Both protocols use similar encapsulation to forward packets to or from end devices that have roamed away from a home IP subnet The root UAP functions much like a Mobile IP home agent a UAP attached to the remote end of an INCA IP tunnel functions much like a Mobile IP foreign agent The following table summarizes the differences between INCA IP and Mobile IP Issue Software compatibility Addressing limitations for IP end devices Security Roaming detection Roaming restrictions Roaming support for non IP protocols Scalability Special network software Mobile IP Requires a Mobile IP client software stack in IP end devices None Mobile IP authentication is required for guest access to foreign subnets Foreign agent advertisements None None Has no inherent limitations Requires home and foreign agent
165. ol Ethernet compatibility Filtering rate Filters protocol Filters others Serial port max data rate Management access Telnet Web browser Software upgrades SNMP agent Transparent bridge 10Base2 thin coaxial BNC 10BaseT twisted pair 10BaseT twisted pair 10 Mbps Ethernet CSMA CD Ethernet packet types and Ethernet addressing 14 880 frames per second AppleTalk NetBEUL IPX IP DECNET Other IP ARP Novell RIP SAP LSP 115 200 bps Intermec wireless LAN serial Ethernet Downloadable over the network or serial port Version 1 RFC 1213 Default Settings Specifications A The factory default settings for the UAP are listed in this section You can record the settings for your installation in the table for reference Quick Start Menu Defaults Parameter Name IP Address IP Subnet Mask LAN ID AP Name Range 4 nodes 0 to 255 4 nodes 0 to 255 0 to 254 to 16 characters Default Site Setting 0 0 0 0 255 255 255 0 0 UAP serial number Ethernet Port Configuration Menu Defaults Parameter Name Port Control Hello Period INCA Frame Type Range Enabled Disabled 1 2 or 3 seconds DIX SNAP Default Site Setting Enabled 2 DIX 2 4 GHz OpenAir Port Configuration Menu Defaults Parameter Name Port Control Hello Period Security ID 2 4 GHz OpenAir A Node Type Channel Subchannel Wireless Hops Range Enabled Disabled 1 2 or 3 seconds 0 to 20 charac
166. on please wait The logon screen appears Type a password and press Enter The factory default password is Intermec To log on after the boot process is complete 1 Press Enter when the following message appears on the screen Starting system The logon screen appears Configuration of Universal Access Point Copyright 1995 1999 Intermec Technologies Corporation All rights reserved IP 0 0 0 0 Serial 1234567890 Password Type a password and press Enter The factory default password is Intermec Installing and Configuring a Wireless Access Point 3 Configuring the WAP The Configuration menu appears after you successfully log onto the WAP Configuration of Universal Access Point Quick Start Network Configuration Bridge Configuration Summary Maintenance Save Configuration Reboot To configure the WAP 1 Configure the parameters for your network e If you have a 2 4 GHz WAP see Configuring the 2 4 GHz OpenAir WAP later in this chapter e If you have a 900 MHz Falcon WAP see Configuring the 900 MHz Falcon WAP later in the chapter 2 Onthe Bridge Configuration menu set the Root Priority parameter to 0 so the WAP will not become the root For more information see Chapter 5 Configuring the Bridging Parameters 3 To save your configuration choose Save Configuration from the Configuration menu and press Enter 4 To reboot the WAP using the new configurati
167. on choose Reboot from the Configuration menu and press Enter Mounting the WAP The 2100 is designed to be placed horizontally on a desk or counter You can also mount it vertically to a wall or beam using the Intermec mounting bracket kit Part No 068918 or the Intermec rotating mounting bracket kit Part No 068751 To maintain the IP 54 environmental rating you must mount the 2100 in either the horizontal or vertical position The 2101 ships with a wall bracket and instructions for mounting the 2101 to a wall Contact your Intermec representative for information about the availability of additional 2101 mounting bracket kits 3 9 21XX Universal Access Point Technical Reference Manual To mount the WAP 1 Disconnect the serial and power cables 2 Mount the WAP If you are using an Intermec mounting bracket follow the instructions that came with the bracket 3 Reconnect the WAP to a power source Configuring the 2 4 GHz OpenAir WAP 3 10 If you are using a 2 4 GHz OpenAir WAP you configure one radio in the WAP as a station and the other radio as a master The master radio communicates with end devices that are configured as stations and the station radio communicates with a 2 4 GHz radio in a UAP that is configured as a master and wired to the Ethernet network For a station to communicate with a master the station and master must have the same e LAN ID Domain e Security ID e Channel e Subchannel Here is
168. on as power is applied Installing and Configuring the UAP 2 You are ready to begin using your UAP to send packets from your end devices to your wired network The will use the default parameters listed in the Default Settings section in Appendix A Performing a Standard Installation CAUTION The steps for a standard installation are summarized below Read this entire section before you configure and install the UAP Each step is described in detail in the rest of this section After you configure the UAP you can manage it using SNMP Telnet or a Web browser To perform a standard installation Attach the antenna Connect to the serial port Apply power Configure the communications parameters Log onto the UAP Configure the network parameters Mount the UAP Attach the Ethernet cable 9e iL ur IVO D 9 Attaching an Antenna The 2101 ships with a dipole antenna If you are configuring a 2100 or you want to use a different antenna with the 2101 contact your local Intermec representative for information about antenna options Intermec sells several different antennas including higher gain and directional antennas Each of these antennas ships with installation and mounting instructions Caution Government regulatory agencies mandate that the antenna not be alterable Therefore the access point uses a custom antenna connector Do not attempt to use a different antenna or you may damage the conne
169. on the IEEE 802 11 DS radio network RFC1042 Types to pass through This parameter only appears on the menu if RFC1042 DIX conversion is set to enabled When you select this option the following screen appears Bridge Configuration Global RF Parameters RFC1042 Types to pass through 1 80 3 2 00 00 20 00 00 Enter values for protocol types that are to be passed without conversion By default the list includes the Apple Talk protocol type value 80F3 5 29 Managing the UAP Remotely Managing the UAP Remotely This chapter describes how to access and configure a UAP using Telnet or a Web browser Requirements for Establishing a Remote Session After you have configured the IP address and other basic network parameters you can access the UAP from a remote location You can manage the device remotely using either of these methods e or workstation that is running Telnet software on the Ethernet network e Web browser that has an Internet or local area network connection You must know the IP address of the UAP to access it remotely If a DHCP server assigned the IP address you must determine the IP address from the DHCP server Only one session can be active with the UAP at a time If your session terminates abruptly or a new signon screen appears someone else may have accessed the UAP Establishing a Telnet Session You must allow the UAP to go through its boot sequence before you can access the UAP using Te
170. onnects to a secondary Ethernet LAN and attaches to the distribution LAN through a radio or INCA IP link The range for secondary LAN bridge priority is O to 7 The default value is O which prevents the UAP from becoming the designated bridge For more information see Configuring Bridging on a Secondary Ethernet LAN later in this section Secondary LAN Flooding This option applies to a UAP that is functioning as a designated bridge for the secondary Ethernet LAN You can enable or disable unicast and multicast flooding to a selected set of secondary LANs You may need to use secondary LAN flooding to support wired hosts on the secondary LAN Secondary LAN flooding information is forwarded to inbound UAPs The secondary LAN flooding settings are Disabled default No flooding occurs unless enabled by the root Multicast Multicast flooding occurs unless disabled by the root Unicast Unicast flooding occurs unless disabled by the root Enabled Both multicast and unicast flooding occurs unless disabled by the root Note You can enable flooding to all secondary Ethernet LANs by using the Global Flooding parameters The Global Flooding parameters apply to the entire network and override these secondary LAN flooding settings in individual designated bridges To enable global flooding set the Multicast Outbound to Secondary LANs parameter to enabled or set the Unicast Outbound to Secondary LANs parameter to enabled Global Flooding Glo
171. ored and the DHCP offer is accepted 3 21 21XX Universal Access Point Technical Reference Manual 3 22 DHCP settings are Enabled This setting allows you to enable DHCP without setting IP address to 0 0 0 0 If DHCP is enabled the UAP will accept addresses from the DHCP server You may find this setting helpful when troubleshooting your network Enabled if IP address is You must set IP address to 0 0 0 0 to enable DHCP DHCP zero will then assign IP address IP subnet mask and IP router addresses Disabled DHCP not used DHCP Server Name This parameter identifies the network server that the WAP accesses to automatically assign addresses to IP address IP subnet mask and IP router The WAP only responds to address offer messages from the DHCP or BOOTP server specified If no DHCP server name is specified the client will respond to offers from any server DHCP server name can be from 0 to 31 characters The name prevents the WAP from inadvertently obtaining an IP configuration from other servers on the network The class identifier string for the WAP is blank Servers use this string to identify the WAP When the WAP responds to a DHCP or BOOTP server it broadcasts a single ARP request to the address offered If no ARP response is received within 3 seconds the WAP assumes the IP address is unique and completes the negotiation for that address If an ARP reply is received before the timeout the WAP assumes the addres
172. originate tunnels The range for an address is 4 numbers from 0 to 255 Each entry can be a unicast broadcast or Class D multicast IP address Class D IP addresses are mapped to multicast Ethernet addresses per RFC 1112 If the UAP is functioning as the INCA root it will send an INCA IP hello packet to each address in the list once per hello period A remote UAP that receives an INCA IP hello packet can establish an INCA IP tunnel with the root UAP Using IGMP Using IP multicast and IGMP for INCA IP hello packets has these advantages e You establish multiple tunnels with a single address e INCA IP hello packets are only forwarded to those IP subnets that participate in the multicast group e Using IP multicast increases redundancy because multiple UAPs on a remote subnet can receive INCA IP hello packets 4 5 21XX Universal Access Point Technical Reference Manual To configure IGMP 1 Set these parameters on the originating UAP e Set the IGMP parameter to enabled e Set the Multicast Address parameter to a valid Class D multicast address e Enter the same valid Class D address in the IP Addresses table Set these parameters on a UAP on the other side of a router e Set the IGMP parameter to enabled e Set the Multicast Address parameter to the same Class D multicast address Enable IGMP on all routers that are between the root UAP originating the INCA IP tunnel and the UAPs configured to listen for the INCA IP
173. os 3 15 Setting Manual MAC Configurations on the WAP 3 17 vi Installing and Configuring a Wireless Access Point Contents Configuring the 900 MHz Falcon WAP 3 19 Using the Quick Start Menu 3 19 Using the Network Configuration Menu 3 20 Configuring the 900 MHz Falcon Radio 3 23 Configuring the Ports Configuring the Ethernet Port 4 3 Configuring the INCA IP Port 4 3 Using IGMP 4 5 Configuring the 2 4 GHz OpenAir Port 4 6 Setting Manual MAC Parameters 4 10 Configuring the 900 MHz Falcon Port 4 12 Configuring the IEEE 802 11 Direct Sequence Port 4 14 Setting WEP Configuration Parameters 4 16 Viewing Version Information 4 18 Setting Advanced Configurations 4 18 Configuring the UHF Port 4 20 Configuring the Bridging Parameters Using the Bridge Configuration Menu 5 3 Assigning Root Priority 5 5 Configuring Bridging on a Secondary Ethernet LAN 5 6 Using Global Flooding 5 7 Using Filters 5 9 Understanding the Filters Menu 5 9 Using the Ethernet Address Table Menu 5 10 Using the Ethernet Frame Type Filter Table Menu 5 10 Using the Ethernet Predefined Subtype Filter Table Menu 5 12 Using the Ethernet Customizable Subtype Filter Table Menu 5 12 Using Ethernet Advanced Filtering 5 14 Setting Filter Values 5 14 Setting Filter Expressions 5 15 Ethernet Advanced Filtering Example 5 16 Using the INCA IP Frame Type Filter Table Menu 5 19 Using the INCA IP Predefined Subtype Filter Table Menu 5 21 vii 21XX Universal Access
174. ot and data segments in this UAP e The From backup option loads the firmware that is currently in the inactive boot and data segments in this UAP 4 In the Reboot list box select the UAPs to reboot when the upgrade completes e The Upgraded UAPs option boots only those UAPs that were upgraded e The All UAPs option boots all UAPs on the network 21XX Universal Access Point Technical Reference Manual 5 Select the access points to upgrade ee A ee ei Acces Palini em ther Moreak Tore AAETH R Ty rk Fila mi DELE ETEL dd hee FERL EEN EEI 4590 unit alid ii 1 arg 24 ia Her FF ML da Fiir are Ti 8 Pp amt ia ERIC E EPET aE 18 6 Click the Start Upgrade button The upgrade begins at the time you specified in Step 2 The screen automatically refreshes during the upgrade so you can monitor the progress The following screen shows the UAPs during the upgrade process A Lu A CALE EN coda manu daorca Hes iris enges Caparo Universal Access Point Configuration Upgrade m gregren Eule Arcas Painii cm ther Karen EF dir ree aww Derai Complete Hera Satie ro pores Maitim ta Mesiti v3 When the upgrade completes successfully the UAPs that you specified in Step 4 automatically reboot D 10 Upgrading the UAP The following screen shows the reboot in process Note that
175. ou can ignore the 400 MHz and 900 MHz parameters on this menu The Global RF Parameters menu is shown here Bridge Configuration Global RF Parameters 400 MHz UHF Rfp Threshold 400 MHz UHF Frag Size 900 MHz Frag Size 400 MHz UHF 900 MHz Awake Time RFC1042 DIX Conversion Enabled RFC1042 Types to pass through 400 MHz UHF Rfp Threshold UHF Rfp threshold is the largest size of data packets that you can send without reserving air time Air time is normally reserved to help prevent collisions with other transmitters however you can send a small amount of data without a reservation When you select this option the following screen appears Bridge Configuration Global RF Parameters 400 MHz UHF Rfp Threshold Set Globally Disabled Value 70 You can enable or disable the Set Globally parameter The default is disabled The recommended setting in most cases is disabled Configuring the Bridging Parameters b You can set the value to a range from 0 to 250 octets Value is the largest number of octets that a transmitter can send without reserving air time The default is 70 If your installation sends primarily very small frames you may want to set the Set Globally parameter to enabled and use the default value of 70 to improve network response time 400 MHz UHF Frag Size You can use UHF fragmentation size to determine the largest 400 MHz packet that will be transmitted without fragmentation Larger packe
176. ou set Service Password to disabled and then you forget your configuration password you may need to send this UAP to a Service Center to be reconfigured 21XX Universal Access Point Technical Reference Manual Read Current Configurations From Flash When you select this option the UAP loads the configuration that is presently stored in flash memory and then the Maintenance menu reappears Read Factory Default Configurations When you select this option the UAP reloads the factory default configurations and then the Maintenance menu reappears To make the default settings active you must reboot the UAP Note After you restore the factory defaults you should reset the DHCP parameters or the IP Address IP Subnet Mask and IP Router parameters before you reboot so that you can continue to manage the UAP over the network If you do not reset these values before you reboot you will have to reset these parameters using the serial port About Intermec UAP When you select this option the read only About Intermec UAP screen appears You can obtain basic information about the firmware and memory ofthe UAP by viewing this screen You need to know the firmware version of your boot code and UAP code when you call Intermec Technical Support The boot code version displayed on the screen is the UAP Monitor code that boots your UAP The UAP code version is the UAP Program code Maintenance About Intermec UAP Boot code version UAP code
177. outbound to UAPs on the same Ethernet segment 21XX Universal Access Point Technical Reference Manual designated bridge A that is assigned the role of bridging frames destined for or received from a secondary LAN A designated bridge or secondary LAN bridge connects a secondary LAN with the primary LAN In the UAP the secondary LAN bridge priority parameter determines if UAP is a candidate to become the designated bridge DHCP Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol An Internet standard stack protocol that allows dynamic distribution of IP address and other configuration information to IP hosts on a network Implementation of the DHCP client in Intermec network devices simplifies installation because the devices automatically receive IP addresses from a DHCP server on the network distribution LAN Any Ethernet LAN attached to UAPs that are bridging between the Ethernet LAN and the INCA radio network At any given time only one UAP in a distribution LAN provides access to the Ethernet LAN for a given node in the INCA domain DIX A standardized Ethernet frame format developed by Digital Equipment Corporation Intel Corporation and Xerox Another frame format is 802 3 flooding A frame is flooded when the destination location is unknown The destination location of a multicast frame is never known Unicast and multicast flooding parameters determine how a flooded frame is forwarded home IP subnet The IP subnet that conta
178. outbound to terminals settings 5 7 P password for configuration menus 7 3 for service mode 8 6 for test mode 8 8 MIB 8 19 service about 7 3 permanent filters B 6 permanent lease 2 17 placing an antenna C 3 point to point bridging 1 10 2 18 port control configuring for 2 4 GHz OpenAir port 3 15 4 7 configuring for 900 MHz Falcon port 3 23 4 12 configuring for Ethernet port 4 3 configuring for IEEE 802 11 DS port 4 14 configuring for INCA IP port 4 4 configuring for UHF port 4 20 port statistics screen 7 6 positioning 900 MHz Falcon UAPs 3 24 Index power cable obtaining 2 3 3 3 power supply connecting UAP to 2 7 connecting WAP to 3 6 predefined value selecting 1 17 protocols that cannot be filtered 5 12 Q QFSK transmit mode setting 4 11 quick installation 2 3 Quick Start menu 2 4 GHz OpenAir WAP 3 11 AP name 2 14 3 12 3 20 configuring ports 2 14 3 12 3 20 IP address 2 13 2 15 3 11 3 13 3 19 3 20 IP subnet mask 2 13 2 15 3 11 3 13 3 19 3 20 LAN ID 2 14 3 12 3 20 5 3 quiet mode 8 7 R Radio Independent 1 4 radio interference cordless telephones 1 12 microwave ovens 1 12 radios troubleshooting 7 7 RAM segment 8 3 read current configurations from flash option 7 4 read factory default configurations option 7 4 redundancy 1 9 B 9 remote management using a Web browser 6 5 using Telnet 6 3 renewable lease 2 17 repeater 1 11 reservation threshold
179. ovide redundancy Multiple UAPs on a remote subnet can receive INCA IP hello messages a single unicast IP address does not provide redundancy B 9 21XX Universal Access Point Technical Reference Manual Frame Forwarding B 10 MAC frames originating on the home IP subnet are encapsulated in the root UAP forwarded through the IP network deencapsulated by the UAP at the remote end of the INCA IP tunnel and forwarded to the appropriate UAP if necessary for delivery to the intended end device For inbound frames the same process is used in reverse between the at the remote end of an INCA IP tunnel and the root The encapsulation uses the standard IP GRE protocol Any data packet sent through the tunnel is addressed to the unicast IP address of the UAP at the other end of the tunnel A UAP at the remote end of the tunnel learns the unicast IP address of the root UAP by listening to INCA IP hello packets The root learns the unicast IP address of a remote UAP when the UAP attaches to the INCA network Outbound Data frames are forwarded outbound through an IP tunnel if e anend device is known to be attached to a UAP on a particular remote subnet e the frame type is enabled in the INCA IP Filter menu Unicast frames are not flooded End devices attach to the root UAP which maintains entries for these devices in its forwarding database The database entries indicate the correct subnet for outbound forwarding Fo
180. ows branches to be added to the INCA spanning tree The INCA spanning tree facilitates the roaming functionality For more information about INCA IP see Appendix B Understanding INCA IP 4 3 21 Universal Access Point Technical Reference Manual 4 4 To configure the INCA IP port choose the INCA IP command from the Quick Start menu The INCA IP menu appears Quick Start INCA IP Port Control Enabled Hello Period 2 seconds Mode Listen IGMP Disabled Port Control This parameter lets you enable or disable the INCA IP port The default is enabled Hello Period This parameter controls how frequently the UAP broadcasts hello packets on the network Hello packets are used to maintain the spanning tree Hello packets also serve as beacon messages to synchronize communications with power managed stations You can specify hello packets to be broadcast every 1 2 or 3 seconds The default is 2 seconds Mode This parameter controls whether the UAP listens for an INCA IP tunnel or originates INCA IP tunnel connections with other UAPs Mode settings are Listen default The UAP can serve as the termination of a tunnel if the UAP is the designated bridge for the subnet The UAP cannot originate a tunnel Originate If Root The can originate INCA IP tunnels if it is functioning as the root for the network Note A WAP should never be configured as the root Be sure you configure the mode for a WAP to
181. r TCP IP applications IP and ARP frames must be forwarded through INCA IP tunnels An IP or ARP frame is only forwarded outbound if the destination address identifies an end device on the home subnet Enabling the ARP server in the root UAP can reduce the number of ARPs forwarded outbound Inbound Only frame types that are specified in the INCA IP Filter menu are forwarded and the frames are only forwarded inbound if the source IP address belongs to the home subnet Frames transmitted by servers or devices that are wired to an INCA IP secondary LAN are not forwarded through INCA IP tunnels if the IP address does not belong to the home subnet of the INCA IP tunnel Only frames from radio stations with IP addresses belonging to the home subnet are forwarded inbound End Device Mobility As end devices move through a facility they roam between UAP coverage areas In large installations these UAPs may be on different IP subnets INCA IP is designed to support rapid roaming in these environments roam requires updates to the forwarding databases in the new UAP root UAP previous UAP and any intermediate UAPs Understanding INCA IP An end device initiates a roam when it attaches to a new UAP The UAP sends an attach message to the root UAP which in turn forwards a detach message to the previous UAP allowing each UAP to update its forwarding database Intermediate UAPs monitor these exchanges and update their forwarding databases M
182. r in this network periodically sends IPX RIP frames for coordinating with other routers These do not need to be forwarded to the secondary LAN because the secondary LAN does not contain a router To filter the IPX RIP frames you need to configure subtype filters This example sets filters for three different cases DIX 802 2 and 802 3 SNAP frames In many actual networks only one type of filter is required because all stations are configured using one of the three options Configuring the Bridging Parameters Ethernet Frame Type Filter Table Menu for Example 2 Bridge Configuration Filters Ethernet Frame Type Filter Table Action Scope DIX IP TCP Ports lt Pass gt lt All gt DIX IP UDP Ports lt Pass gt lt All gt DIX IP Other Protocols lt Pass gt lt All gt DIX IPX Sockets Pass gt lt Unl DIX Other EtherTypes Pass gt lt Unl SNAP IP TCP Ports Pass gt lt 11 SNAP IP UDP Ports Pass gt lt 11 SNAP IP Other Protocol lt Pass gt lt Unl SNAP IPX Sockets Pass gt lt Unl SNAP Other EtherTypes Pass gt lt Unl 802 3 IPX Sockets Pass gt lt Unl 802 2 IPX Sockets Pass lt Unl 802 2 Other SAPs Pass gt lt Unl You need to use subtype filters to drop IPX RIP for 802 2 DIX and 802 3 frames Use the settings shown here on the Ethernet Predefined Subtype Filter Table menu to filter IPX RIP for 802 2 frames Bridge Configuration Filters Ethernet Predefined Subtype Filter Table Action Subtype Value DIX ARP
183. r normal operating conditions write request This error indicates that the TFTP client does not conform to the protocol Invalid opcode during read This error should not occur under normal operating conditions This error indicates that the TFTP client does not conform to the protocol Invalid opcode during write This error should not occur under normal operating conditions This error indicates that the TFTP client does not conform to the protocol Creating Script Files 8 18 You can create a script file that will execute a series of commands Script files are ASCI text files with a 32 byte file system header appended You may need to contact your local Intermec representative for a copy of the header file called filehdr exe The total file size including the header must be less than 4096 bytes the size of the RAM file segment Each line in the script file must have fewer than 80 characters and be terminated by a line feed or carriage return There can only be one command per line You can include comments on a line by using the pound sign all characters after a pound sign are ignored When you upgrade the you typically need to erase the appropriate file segments download the new files and reboot using the new software You can create a script file to perform these commands To test a script file you can log onto a UAP and type each of the script file commands A sample script file is shown here Sample script file for
184. radio Intermec does not support point to point functionality using other radio configurations at this time Learning About the 21XX Universal Access Point Using UAP as a Repeater When distance or physical layout impedes radio reception and transmission you can extend the range of your network by configuring a UAP as a wireless access point or repeater You can position the WAP in a strategic location so that it receives data from end devices and then forwards the data toward the wired network No more than two wireless repeaters are allowed for each UAP wired to your network For information about configuring the UAP as a WAP see Chapter 3 Installing and Configuring a Wireless Access Point Ethernet 7 21XXT012 eps Note You can configure the UAP as a repeater if it has two 2 4 GHz OpenAir radios or one 900 MHz radio Intermec does not support repeater functionality using other radio configurations at this time 21XX Universal Access Point Technical Reference Manual Optimizing Wireless Network Performance 1 12 How and where you install your UAP can affect your network performance This section provides some recommendations for positioning your UAPs and optimizing your network General Installation Guidelines Intermec recommends that you have Intermec or other certified providers conduct a site survey to determine the ideal locations for all of your network components A proper site survey requi
185. rames with the following destination protocol port numbers e BGP 179 Border Gateway Protocol e RAP 38 Route Access Protocol e 520 Routing Information Protocol IP TCP frames with the following destination or source protocol port numbers e 179 Border Gateway Protocol e RAP 38 Route Access Protocol User Defined Filters You can define output filters that restrict protocol types that can pass through an INCA IP tunnel Frames can be filtered by the DIX 802 2 or 802 3 SNAP type the IP protocol type or the TCP or UDP protocol port number By default the filters drop all protocol types except the NNL DIX Ethernet type hexadecimal 875B You can configure the INCA IP filters to pass additional frame types by choosing the Filters option from the Bridge Configuration menu Filters must be configured in all root candidates and in any UAP that can attach to the remote end of an INCA IP tunnel B 7 21XX Universal Access Point Technical Reference Manual Operation B 8 IP ARP Subnet Filtering INCA IP automatically provides subnet filtering for IP end devices IP and ARP frames are never forwarded inbound through an INCA IP tunnel to the home subnet unless the source IP address belongs to the home subnet Frames are only forwarded inbound if the source IP address in the IP or ARP packet identifies an end device that has roamed away from its home subnet IP and ARP frames are never forwarded outboun
186. re available through the Telnet session For more information about configuring the UAP see Chapter 2 Installing and Configuring the UAP Note If you restore the factory default values during your Telnet session be sure you reset the DHCP parameters or the IP Address IP Subnet Mask and IP Router parameters before you reboot the UAP If you do not reset these parameters before you reboot you must connect to the UAP using the serial port to reset them Managing the UAP Remotely To use the arrow keys to navigate through the configuration menus you may need to enable VT100 Arrows To enable VT100 Arrows 1 Choose Terminal from the Telnet tool bar 2 Choose Preferences The Terminal Preferences dialog box appears Terminal Preferences Ea Terminal Options Emulation Local Echo E VT 52 Blinking Cursor VT 100 ANSI Cancel Block Cursor 7 VT100 Arrows Ens He Buffer Size 25 Background Color Select VT100 Arrows 4 Click Using a Web Browser You can configure the UAP using a Web browser however note these important points e Your session terminates if there is no activity for 15 minutes e Console Command mode is not available The Web browser interface for the UAP has been tested using Netscape v3 0 and above and Internet Explorer v3 0 and above Remotely accessing the UAP using other browsers may provide unpredictable results 6 5 21 Univer
187. res special equipment and training The following general practices should be followed in any installation e Locate UAPs centrally within areas requiring coverage e Overlap UAP coverage areas to avoid coverage holes e Try to position the UAP so its LEDs are visible The LEDs are useful for troubleshooting e Install wired LAN cabling within node limit and cable length limitations e Anuninterruptable power supply is recommended when the AC power system is not reliable Decreasing Interference Microwave ovens operate in the same frequency band as a UAP with a 2 4 GHz OpenAir radio Therefore if you use a microwave within range of your Intermec RF network you may notice network performance degradation However both your microwave and your RF network will continue to function For optimal performance consider locating your microwave oven out of range of your UAP If you have a 900 MHz Falcon radio in your UAP you need to be aware that the 900 MHz radio may experience interference from 900 MHz cordless telephones For optimal performance consider operating 900 MHz cordless telephones out of range of your UAP Learning About the 21XX Universal Access Point Understanding the LEDs The UAP has five LEDs The following illustration identifies the LEDs on the 2100 Wireless Wireless Root Power 1 2 Wired LAN error 21XXT003 eps The following illustration identifies the LEDs on the 2101 I W
188. ress subnet mask and default router in non volatile memory and then disables DHCP These settings are maintained if the UAP is powered off or rebooted To force the UAP to use DHCP the next time it boots reset IP address to 0 0 0 0 or set DHCP to enabled If you are using INCA IP tunneling and you are using DHCP to allocate IP addresses to root candidates or designated bridges you must obtain a permanent lease and you must reboot the UAP after obtaining an address 2 17 21XX Universal Access Point Technical Reference Manual Configuring UAPs for Point to Point Bridging 2 18 A point to point or wireless bridge connects two wired Ethernet segments A wireless bridge is an ideal way to connect two networks when pavement or other physical features present an obstacle to running cable You configure a UAP in each wired network so that the UAPs create a wireless bridge that allows devices in both networks to communicate across the bridge You can create a wireless bridge using UAPs configured with these radios e 24 GHz OpenAir e 900 MHz Falcon Note UAPs with IEEE 802 11 DS radios or UHF radios do not support point to point bridging Regardless of the type of radio you are using both UAPs in a wireless bridge configuration must have the same LAN ID The UAPs use LAN ID to form the INCA spanning tree You may need to adjust the Global Flooding parameters for wireless bridging Here are some considerations for configuring the Global F
189. ress to originate a practically unlimited number of tunnels By default any can attach to an INCA network through an INCA IP tunnel if it receives INCA IP hello messages An INCA IP tunnel is established when a UAP on a remote subnet attaches to the root UAP on its INCA IP port Note that a non root UAP can concurrently receive hello messages on its Ethernet port its radio port s and its logical INCA IP port However an INCA UAP uses only one port to attach to the INCA network UAP port costs are structured so that an Ethernet connection is always selected before an INCA IP or radio connection An INCA IP connection is always selected before a radio connection The attachment port is its root port Understanding INCA IP Building the Spanning Tree UAPs use an election process to determine the root for an INCA network After the root UAP is elected 1t transmits INCA hello messages on all enabled ports The INCA spanning tree forms as other UAPs receive hello messages and attach to the network on the optimal path to the root A non root UAP also transmits hello messages after 1t 1s attached to the network Each hello message contains the IP subnet ID of the UAP that originated the message The INCA protocol does not allow wireless links to exist between UAPs that do not have matching subnet IDs Establishing and Maintaining Tunnels If mode is set to originate 1f root in the root UAP the root sends hello messages to each IP
190. riod lt 1 Second gt File Name falcon_d bin Mode Channel lt DS 225K Channel 25 gt MAC Address This read only parameter displays the MAC address of this port Port Control This parameter allows you to enable or disable the 900 MHz Falcon port The default is enabled Hello Period This parameter controls how frequently the WAP broadcasts hello messages on the 900 MHz port On wireless links between WAPs hello messages are used to maintain the spanning tree Hello messages also serve as beacon messages to synchronize communications with power managed end devices You can specify hello messages to be broadcast every 1 2 or 3 seconds The default is 1 second File Name This parameter specifies the name of the radio s driver software The default file name 1s falcon d bin You should not need to change this name only change this name when directed to do so by qualified Intermec personnel Mode Channel Setting this parameter allows you to balance the need for radio coverage with the need for speed Mode sets the bit rate option for the 900 MHz Falcon radio Generally the higher the bit rate the lower the range of the WAP Channel defines a frequency range that is a small portion of the available bandwidth Select the Mode Channel parameter to display the list of mode and channel combinations that are available on your WAP Mode Channel options are country dependent For example the following combinations are valid in the Un
191. rning Check all of your filter settings You may have conflicts between the various filters 1 Verify that your antennas are well placed that they are not behind metal and that there are few obstacles in their path 2 If you move the antenna closer to the end device and throughput increases you may want to add a second UAP and implement roaming 3 You may be able to set filters to eliminate Ethernet traffic on the wireless side of the network Obtaining Help With Your Installation The 21XX Universal Access Point is designed to be easy to install and configure If you are having trouble with your installation you may need to call Intermec Technical Support Before calling Intermec be sure you can answer the following questions e What kind of network are you using e What were you doing when the error occurred e Whaterror message did you see e you reproduce the problem e What versions of UAP firmware are you using Choose the About Intermec UAP command from the Maintenance menu to confirm the firmware versions on your UAP The About Intermec UAP screen displays the version of your boot code and UAP program code In the United States call Intermec Technical Support at 1 800 755 5505 In Canada call 1 800 688 7043 Advanced Features Advanced Features This chapter describes the UAP monitor Console Command mode and how to use script files to update the system files Using the UAP Monitor
192. rs Frequency Network Name For more information see Configuring the IEEE 802 11 Direct Sequence Port in Chapter 4 4 If you are configuring the UAP as a point to point bridge see Configuring UAPs for Point to Point Bridging later in this chapter 5 Ifthe UAP will communicate with devices on the other side of a router set IP router to the address of the router that will forward frames to another subnet For more information see Using the Network Configuration Menu later in this chapter 6 To save your configuration choose Save Configuration from the Configuration menu and press Enter You can now mount your UAP and connect it to your Ethernet network 21XX Universal Access Point Technical Reference Manual 2 12 Mounting the UAP The 2100 is designed to be placed horizontally on a desk or counter You can also mount it vertically to a wall or beam using the Intermec mounting bracket kit Part No 068918 or the Intermec rotating mounting bracket kit Part No 068751 You must mount the UAP in either the horizontal or vertical position to maintain the IP 54 environmental rating The 2101 ships with a wall bracket and instructions for mounting the UAP to a wall Contact your Intermec representative for information about the availability of additional 2101 mounting bracket kits To mount the UAP 1 Disconnect the serial and power cables 2 Mount the If you are using an Intermec mounting bracket fol
193. rtup segment c 2100uap data bootchk dnl Type fx s where s is the inactive startup segment Copy the remaining startup files to the startup segment by specifying this directory path c 2100uap startup dnl Start the file transfer for the data files For example to start the file transfer to segment 4 type fx 4 Start the file transfer on the PC using the Ymodem send command Copy the data files to the inactive data segments by specifying this directory path c 2100uap data Upgrading the UAP 12 Make the inactive segments active For example to make segments 2 and 4 active type fb 2 4 A P appears when the action is complete 13 Type x to exit the service menu 14 Restore the original baud rate using the SR command if needed 15 To reboot the UAP type b and press Enter After you complete the upgrade you must reconfigure the UAP for your installation Save the configuration and then reboot the UAP to make the configuration active Performing a TFTP Transfer If you have a TFTP server you can upgrade a UAP over the network from the server You can perform the upgrade by executing the compiled script file upgrade dnl that is included with the firmware release When you execute the script file a TFTP transfer is performed that copies all the startup and data files to the UAP See the procedures in this section and the release notes that accompany the firmware upgrade for more information about using
194. s located on each network or subnetwork INCA IP No changes are required to existing IP software stacks in end devices Requires that IP device addresses belong to the INCA IP home subnet Guest addresses are not used Data link security Data link indications facilitate fast roaming with no added broadcast traffic Currently roaming is limited to a single INCA network that may include multiple IP subnets Configurable using INCA IP filters No practical limitations using IGMP Standard INCA network feature No additional network software is required B 11 21XX Universal Access Point Technical Reference Manual Configuring an INCA IP Tunnel B 12 Choose the home subnet Ideally you should choose the subnet that contains gateways or servers for end devices however these servers may be on other subnets if necessary Note that you can create a home subnet for end devices Fixed or variable length subnet masks can be used subnet addressing is not required IP addresses for end devices must belong to the home subnet Select primary and fallback root UAPs on the home subnet The root UAP should be a UAP that does not otherwise handle a large volume of traffic Configure all UAPs on the root IP subnet and remote INCA IP subnets with the same INCA LAN ID If INCA IP is not used to attach a remote IP subnet then UAPs on that subnet should be configured with a different LAN ID From the Quick Start menu choose INCA I
195. s as the designated bridge for the INCA IP secondary LAN You may need to enable bridging on an INCA IP remote subnet if an Intermec NNL gateway is attached to the subnet Non routable network protocols that an IP router is configured to bridge should not be forwarded through an INCA IP tunnel if bridging is enabled on the respective INCA IP secondary LAN Many routers may be configured to bridge specific non routable frame types These routers are often referred to as B routers Bridging must not be enabled on remote INCA IP subnets if INCA IP is used to provide mobility for routable protocols other than IP such as IPX Bridging can be enabled on remote INCA IP subnets if INCA IP is used to provide mobility for IP and other non routable protocols because INCA IP has built in safeguards and filters for the IP protocol You may need to enable bridging if your end devices use both IP and NNL and NNL gateways are connected to remote INCA IP subnets INCA IP Safeguards The purpose of a router is to segment traffic on a local network and selectively forward frames destined to network addresses on other networks Routers avoid problems such as broadcast storms that are often associated with bridges INCA IP is designed to safely and transparently coexist with routed IP installations while supporting mobility for end devices This section details the safeguards built into INCA IP Wireless Hop Restriction To use INCA IP you must configure UAPs t
196. s is a duplicate and declines the offer An address offer from a BOOTP server is treated as if it were an infinite lease from a DHCP server For more information see Leases in Chapter 2 Auto ARP Minutes The WAP periodically sends an ARP request so that routers can update their routing tables The request enables a network management platform to learn about the WAP on the network by querying routers Auto ARP minutes controls the time interval between ARP broadcasts The range is from 1 to 120 minutes The default is 5 minutes A setting of 0 disables auto ARP minutes If the address of the default router 15 0 0 0 0 the WAP sends an unsolicited ARP request to its own IP address otherwise it sends an ARP request to the default router Without this option a WAP might not use its IP address for extended periods of time and the IP address expires from the router ARP table If the IP address expires the network management program needs to ping all potential addresses on a subnet to locate active IP addresses or require the user to enter a list You should not allow the IP address for the WAP to expire Installing and Configuring a Wireless Access Point 3 Configuring the 900 MHz Falcon Radio You configure the 900 MHz Falcon radio in your WAP by selecting the 900 MHz Falcon command from the Quick Start menu The 900 MHz Falcon menu appears Quick Start 900 MHz MAC Address 00 00 00 00 00 00 Port Control lt Enabled gt Hello Pe
197. s not on I cannot configure the UAP locally using the serial port I cannot ping or Telnet to my new UAP The end device cannot connect to the network The end device cannot synch to the UAP Possible Solution Answer The Power LED remains steady green and the Wired LAN LED flashes when the UAP is fully booted You may have a hardware problem with your UAP 1 Unplug the UAP and then plug it back in to cycle the power Verify that the Power LED remains on Call Intermec Technical Support Verify that you are using a null modem cable to connect the UAP to your terminal or PC Verify that the terminal or PC is set to 9600 N 8 1 no flow control Your system may be in autobaud mode Reboot and press a key once per second until the signon screen appears The UAP does not come with a default IP address Before you can remotely connect to it you must set an IP address and subnet mask using the serial port Choose Analysis Tools from the Maintenance menu and then choose UAP Connections Verify that the MAC address of your end device displays on the screen Ifthe MAC address of your device does not appear your device is not communicating with the UAP Check your radio configuration settings Verify the UAP is not filtering out the type of traffic you are trying to pass through it If you are using 900 MHz Falcon radios Verify that the end device and UAP have the same LAN ID and mode channel If you are usin
198. s used in Spain France or Japan you should configure all UAPs to a common frequency For all other countries you can either configure all UAPs to a common frequency or you can select up to three frequencies that are three channels or 25 MHz apart For instance you could select 2412 MHz 2437 MHz and 2462 MHz You may want to use a single frequency to isolate the installation to part of the band For example use a single frequency if other DS systems are in use in the area or if numerous microwave ovens are used in the area Available Frequencies for the IEEE 802 11 DS Radio Channel FCC ETSI France Japan 1 2412 2412 2 2417 2417 3 2422 default 2422 4 2427 2427 5 2432 2432 6 2437 2437 7 2442 2442 8 2447 2447 9 2452 2452 10 2457 2457 2457 11 2462 2462 2462 default 12 2467 2467 13 2472 2472 14 2484 WEP Encryption If your IEEE 802 11 DS radio supports Wired Equivalent Privacy WEP data encryption for wireless communications this option appears on the menu You can enable or disable WEP encryption The default is disabled WEP Configuration This command only appears on the menu if your radio supports WEP encryption and you configure the WEP Enable parameter to enabled When you select this command the WEP Configuration menu appears For more information see Setting WEP Configuration Parameters in the next section Version Information You can use this command to display the firmware versions programmed
199. s used in the IP protocol to separate the subnet address from the local IP address The IP protocol performs a bit wise AND on the IP address and the subnet mask For example if the IP address is 192 168 150 184 and the subnet mask 15 255 255 255 0 the subnet address is 192 168 150 The default IP subnet mask is 255 255 255 0 If this UAP is installed on an existing Ethernet segment the subnet mask should match the other computers on the segment If you are using DHCP to obtain an IP address then the subnet mask that is obtained from DHCP will supersede this one If you are using the suggested 192 168 h h IP address you should use the subnet mask of 255 255 0 0 This mask provides network 192 168 with space for thousands of devices 2 15 21 Universal Access Point Technical Reference Manual IP Router This parameter identifies the address of the default router that the UAP uses to route packets to other subnets or networks The range is 4 numbers from 0 to 255 The first number cannot be zero unless all remaining numbers are zero The first node also cannot be 127 or greater than 223 The default is 0 0 0 0 which disables the ability of this subnet to exchange TCP IP traffic with another subnet or network If you are using DHCP to obtain an IP address and a DHCP server specifies a default IP router then the DHCP specification will supersede the value you set in this field IP routers are typically configured so that the UAP only needs
200. sal Access Point Technical Reference Manual 6 6 1 2 Establishing a Web Browser Session Identify the IP address of the Start the Web browser application Access the UAP using one of these methods e Inthe Address field enter the IP address of the UAP Press Enter e Choose File and then choose Open In the Open field enter the IP address of the UAP Press Enter The Enter Network Password dialog box appears Enter Network Password 2 Please enter your authentication information Cancel Resource 58774 User name Password Save this password in your password list In the User name field enter the random number that appears on the screen This number is 1 to 5 digits long and changes every time you establish a new session e If you are using Microsoft Internet Explorer 4 X this is the number that appears in the Resource field e you are using Microsoft Internet Explorer 5 X this is the number that appears in the Realm field e If you are using Netscape this is the number that appears at the top of the screen In the Password field enter the password The default password is Intermec Managing the UAP Remotely 6 Press Enter The Universal Access Point Configuration Web page appears A o by Be EM ew Heb E H 4 28uwr iu d Asch Ach Hamm From Hakan Hal Peral ER Intermec else fre Universal Acce
201. se the sdvars set scriptfilename command to set the internal variable scriptfilename to a specified string The specified string should be the filename of the script to be retrieved from the TFTP server The format is sdvars set scriptfilename foreign filename where foreign filename 1s a script filename on the TFTP server For example to set the scriptfilename to SCRIPT DAT enter sdvars set scriptfilename script dat sdvars set starttime You use the sdvars set starttime command to set the internal variable starttime Starttime is a countdown time such that when zero is reached the software download process begins You set this variable to reflect how long into the future the UAP is to begin downloading and executing the script file from the TFTP server When the timer reaches 0 the UAP uses the values in serveripaddress and scriptfilename to get the script file that is to be executed If either serveripaddress or scriptfilename contains no value an error is noted in the status variable and the software download process is terminated The format is sdvars set starttime dd hh mm ss where dd hh mm ss is how far in the future the download is to begin For example to begin the script file download in 5 minutes enter sdvars set starttime 00 00 05 00 Note If you need to stop the download you can do so by setting starttime to 0 if it has not already been reached by the countdown Resetting starttime to O stops the timer and the downloa
202. sing any key when asked The UAP prompt uap gt appears To enter service mode type srvc and press Enter Enter the service password The default password is EV98203S case sensitive The service prompt service gt appears Type d and press Enter The file directory appears Scroll up until you see a section similar to the following Startup Segment This startup 1 Next startup 1 Data Segment This startup 3 Next startup 3 Identify the startup and data segments for this startup these are the current active segments In the above example the active startup segment is segment 1 and the active data segment is segment 3 You load the new firmware into the inactive segments and then make the segments active If the active segments are 1 and 3 then the inactive segments are 2 and 4 Erase the inactive startup segment For example if the inactive startup segment is segment 2 type fe 2 and press Enter P appears when the action is complete Erase the inactive data segment For example if the inactive data segment is segment 4 type fe 4 and press Enter P appears when the action is complete You must perform these file transfers in order to copy files to the inactive startup segment Use the fx command to start the transfer and then use the Ymodem send command on the PC to transfer the files Enter these commands Type fx s where s is the inactive startup segment Copy this file to the sta
203. ss Point Configuration Logout a Reboot Security nc pon have entered tie user amie ad qardurord into Tour browser TOU are an to the ror gersticn E Efeen 15 mercies slapper unthact zcnhgrzration acinety pou will become agan Gulp one compare at a bare com arces the configarabor you rapera a request for uper mare and la Dora ES Loca nba 7 Choose one of the following commands e Choose Configuration Menu to configure the UAP For more information see the next section Configuring the UAP e Choose Review write Changes to view a list of parameters that were changed from the default values You can also restore default values For more information see Restoring the Factory Default Settings later in this chapter e Choose Upgrade Root UAP to perform a TFTP firmware upgrade to the root UAP For more information see Appendix D Upgrading the UAP e Choose Upgrade Other UAPs to distribute the firmware installed on the root UAP to the other UAPs in the network For more information see Upgrading Other UAPs in Appendix D e Choose Logout to end the Web browser session e Choose Reboot to boot the 21XX Universal Access Point Technical Reference Manual Configuring the UAP You can configure the UAP remotely using your Web browser The configuration commands you execute through the Web browser are similar to the co
204. t or SAP to be specified for each of the listed frame types The filter is applied if either the source or destination field in the frame matches the specified DIX type port socket or SAP A value of 00 00 denotes the subtype as unlisted Configuring the Bridging Parameters b A portion of the Customizable Subtype Filter Table menu is shown here Bridge Configuration Filters Ethernet Customizable Subtype Filter Tbl Value 00 00 00 00 Action SubType Pass DIX IP TCP Port Pass DIX IP TCP Port Pass DIX IP TCP Port 00 00 When you select a filter the following menu appears Bridge Configuration Filters Ethernet Predefined Subtype Filter Tbl 1 Action Pass lt DIX IP TCP Port gt 00 00 SubType Value Action You can set the action to either pass or drop all frames of that type Subtype When you select subtype the SubType dialog box appears You can select the frame subtype you wish to filter Value Refer to the next table for the value for a specific subtype The value must be 2 hex pairs To enter a port value you must enter it as a decimal For example enter 23 for port 23 The UAP displays the hexadecimal equivalent in the values field on the menu When a match is found between frame subtype and value the specified action is taken The following table describes frame subtypes and their values Subtype DIX IP TCP Port DIX IP UDP Port DIX IP Protocol
205. t UAP is a UAP that coordinates the network and distributes common system parameters to other UAPs and end devices The root is elected from a group of UAPs that are designated as root candidates at the time of installation The election process also occurs in the event of a root failure You can configure your network with overlapping coverage so that the network automatically recovers from any single point of failure For more information about the root see Chapter 5 Configuring the Bridging Parameters End devices can optionally participate in the INCA spanning tree protocol by explicitly attaching to the network As a result operational parameters are easily distributed unicast flooding is reduced or eliminated and roaming hand off logic is more robust Forwarding The UAP maintains a forwarding database of all physical station addresses and it knows the correct port for each address The UAP updates this database by monitoring source addresses on each port backward learning by receiving explicit INCA attachment messages and by examining messages exchanged between UAPs when end devices roam The database also includes the power management status of each end device which allows the UAP to support the pending message feature of the network The forwarding database allows the bridging software to make efficient forwarding decisions Switch Support Ethernet switches that do not comply with the 802 1d standard have difficulty handling end d
206. t positioning antennas for the UAP Appendix D Upgrading the UAP provides procedures for upgrading the access point firmware You should be aware of how these terms are being used in this manual Term UAP or 21XX Universal Access Point WAP end device Description These terms are used to describe any of the 21XX Universal Access Point devices including the 2100 Universal Access Point and the 2101 Universal Office Access Point unless specifically stated otherwise This term refers specifically to a 21XX Universal Access Point that is configured as a wireless repeater Any wireless device used to collect and transmit data to a 21XX Universal Access Point 21XX Universal Access Point Technical Reference Manual xvi Format Conventions for Input From a Keyboard or Keypad This table describes the formatting conventions for input from host PC keyboards Convention How to Interpret the Convention Special text Shows the command as you should enter it into the device Italic text Indicates a variable that you must replace with a value Bold text Indicates the keys you must press on a PC keyboard For example press Enter means you press the key labeled Enter on the PC keyboard where This word introduces a list of parameters and explains the values you can specify for them Patent Information Product is covered by one or more of the following patents 4 910 794 5 070 536 5 295 154 5 349 67
207. t sizes can improve throughput on a reliable connection Smaller packet sizes can improve throughput on a poor connection When you select this option the following screen appears Bridge Configuration Global RF Parameters 400 MHz UHF Frag Size Set Globally Disabled Value 250 You can enable or disable the Set Globally parameter The default is disabled Intermec recommends that you do not change this parameter You can set the value to a range from 50 to 250 octets Value represents the largest number of octets that a transmitter can send without fragmentation by the transmitter and reassembly by the receiver The default is 250 If the Set Globally parameter is set to disabled the default value is used 900 MHz Frag Size You can use 900 MHz fragmentation size to determine the largest 900 MHz packet that you can transmit without fragmentation Larger packet sizes can improve throughput on a reliable connection Smaller packet sizes can improve throughput on a poor connection When you select this option the following screen appears Bridge Configuration Global RF Parameters 900 MHz Frag Size Set Globally Disabled Value 250 You can enable or disable the Set Globally parameter The default is disabled Intermec recommends that you do not change this parameter You can set the value to a range from 50 to 250 octets The value represents the largest number of octets that a transmitter can send without fragmentation by
208. t to a value from 1 to 15 The default subchannel for a master is 1 The default subchannel for a station is 9 Wireless Hops This parameter only appears if node type is set to master You can enable a wireless hop between this WAP and another WAP by setting wireless hops to enabled If you set wireless hops to enabled this WAP honors a connection from a 2 4 GHz OpenAir WAP configured as a station The station WAP must have the same LAN ID security ID channel and subchannel settings as the master The default value is disabled MAC Configuration You may be able to enhance the performance of your OpenAir radio by adjusting the MAC Configuration parameter MAC configuration settings are Default Uses the factory settings for the radio protocol You should use this default setting for normal operation Interference Optimizes the settings for the radio protocol for better performance in environments with high interference or multipath Throughput Optimizes the settings for the radio protocol for better performance of file transfer operations in open or uncongested environments such as office areas Manual Allows you to adjust OpenAir MAC parameters individually using the MAC Configuration option Installing and Configuring a Wireless Access Point 3 Note An inefficient MAC configuration setting can adversely affect the performance of your wireless LAN You should change the MAC configuration setting only under the direction of Inter
209. ta rate A 5 frequency band A 5 power output A 5 radio type A 5 range A 5 management access A 6 Media Access protocol A 6 serial port max data rate A 6 size A 3 SNMP agent A 6 software upgrades A 6 temperature range A 3 UHF radio A 5 channels A 5 coverage A 5 data rate A 5 frequency band A 5 power output A 5 radio type A 5 range A 5 receiver sensitivity A 5 weight A 3 SRVC See service mode station 2 4 GHz OpenAir node type 3 16 4 7 subchannel 2 4 GHz OpenAir radios 3 16 4 8 Summary screen 1 18 switch support 1 6 system defaults A 6 to A 12 system requirements installing a UAP 2 3 installing a WAP 3 3 T technical support contacting Intermec Technologies Corporation 7 9 Web site xvi telephones and interference 1 12 Telnet creating session 6 3 restoring factory default values 6 4 upgrading firmware D 5 temperature range A 3 terminal communications settings UAP 2 8 using HyperTerminal 2 8 3 7 WAP 3 7 terminal type setting 2 8 3 7 test commands 8 8 mode 8 8 prompt 8 8 TFTP 1 5 commands 8 15 upgrade firmware using D 5 upgrade via Telnet D 5 upgrade via Web browser D 6 transmission range 3 transmit mode manual MAC parm 3 18 4 11 Transmit Rate Configuration menu 4 19 transmit rate fallback IEEE 802 11 DS parameter 4 19 transmit rate IEEE 802 11 DS parameter 4 19 Trivial File Transfer Protocol See TFTP troubleshooting radios 7 7 tips 7 8 tunne
210. ters Master Station 1 to 15 1 to 15 Disabled Enabled Default Site Setting Enabled 2 no password Master 1 1 Disabled A 7 21XX Universal Access Point Technical Reference Manual 2 4 GHz OpenAir Port Configuration Menu Defaults continued Parameter Name 2 4 GHz OpenAir B Node Type Channel Subchannel Wireless Hops MAC Configuration Manual MAC Parms Hop Period Beacon Frequency Deferral Slot Fairness Slot Fragment Size Transmit Mode Norm Ack Retry Frag Ack Retry Norm QFSK Retry Frag QFSK Retry Range Master Station 1 to 15 1 to 15 does not apply Default Manual Interference Throughput 100 200 400 ms 1to7 Default 1 3 7 Default 1 3 7 1 to 1540 AUTO BFSK QFSK 1 to 255 1 to 255 1 to 255 1 to 255 Default Site Setting Station 9 9 does not apply Default 200 ms 2 Default Default 310 AUTO 255 255 255 255 900 MHz Falcon Port Configuration Menu Defaults Parameter Name Port Control Hello Period File Name Range Enabled Disabled 1 2 or 3 seconds falcon_d bin Default Site Setting Enabled 1 falcon_d bin Specifications A IEEE 802 11 DS Port Configuration Menu Defaults Parameter Name Port Control Hello Period Network Name Frequency WEP Encryption WEP Configuration WEP Method for Authentication WEP Receive Data WEP Transmit Key WEP Default Key Configuration WEP Entry Mode Advanced Configuration Medium Reservation
211. the script file A sample script file 1s included in Chapter 8 Advanced Features You can execute the script file from a serial console or Telnet session Additionally if you have UAP code version 2 73 firmware or greater on your UAP you can execute the script file from a Web browser session You can determine your current UAP code version by choosing the Maintenance command and then the About Intermec UAP command from the UAP Configuration menu This section includes instructions that describe how to perform a TFTP transfer e viaa Telnet session e viaa Web browser session Performing a TFTP Transfer Via a Telnet Session 1 Start the TFTP server 2 Establish a Telnet session with the UAP For detailed instructions see Chapter 6 Managing the UAP Remotely 3 Choose the Maintenance command and then choose Command Console 21XX Universal Access Point Technical Reference Manual 4 Use the sdvars set serveripaddress command to specify the IP address of the TFTP server For more information about using sdvars commands see Chapter 8 Advanced Features For example if the server IP address is 151 60 110 241 type sdvars set serveripaddress 151 60 110 241 5 Use the sdvars set scriptfilename command to identify the script file Type sdvars set scriptfilename c 2100uap upgrade dnl 6 Use the sdvars set starttime command to set the start time for the upgrade in dd hh mm ss format Start time is a countdown timer
212. thernet type and subtype menus to create protocol filters for predefined and user defined protocol types You use the Ethernet Advanced Filtering menu to define arbitrary frame filters based on frame content When you select an option on the Filters menu you go to a filter table where you can set specific filtering parameters The filter tables are described in the following sections Bridge Configuration Filters Ethernet Address Table Ethernet Frame Type Filter Table Ethernet Predefined Subtype Filter Table Ethernet Customizable Subtype Filter Table Ethernet Advanced Filtering INCA IP Frame Type Filter Table INCA IP Predefined Subtype Filter Table INCA IP Customizable Subtype Filter Table 21XX Universal Access Point Technical Reference Manual 5 10 Using the Ethernet Address Table Menu You can use the Ethernet Address Table menu to define up to 20 permanent unicast 802 MAC addresses that are connected to this Ethernet port These addresses become permanent entries in the route table of the UAP The entries are useful when configuring designated bridges for secondary LANs because they reduce the need to flood frames to wired devices on the secondary LAN segments A portion of the Ethernet Address Table menu appears below Bridge Configuration Filters Ethernet Address Table 1 00 00 00 00 00 00 2 00 00 00 00 00 00 20 00 00 00 00 00 00 Select an entry in the table and then enter a MAC address The address m
213. time 8 14 Using TFTP Commands 8 15 tftp get 8 15 tftp put 8 16 tftp server log 8 17 tftp server start 8 17 tftp server stop 8 17 Creating Script Files 8 18 Using SNMP 8 19 Specifications Physical Specifications 2100 A 3 Physical Specifications 2101 A 3 Radio Specifications 900 MHz Falcon A 4 ix 21XX Universal Access Point Technical Reference Manual Radio Specifications 2 4 GHz OpenAir 4 Radio Specifications IEEE 802 11 Direct Sequence 5 Radio Specifications UHF A 5 Other Specifications A 6 Default Settings A 7 Quick Start Menu Defaults A 7 Ethernet Port Configuration Menu Defaults 7 2 4 GHz OpenAir Port Configuration Menu Defaults 7 900 MHz Falcon Port Configuration Menu Defaults A 8 IEEE 802 11 DS Port Configuration Menu Defaults A 9 UHF Port Configuration Menu Defaults A 10 INCA IP Port Configuration Menu Defaults A 10 Network Configuration Menu Defaults A 10 Bridge Configuration Menu Defaults A 11 Maintenance Menu Defaults A 12 Understanding INCA IP An Overview of INCA IP B 3 INCA IP Restrictions B 4 Address Restrictions B 4 Installation Restrictions B 4 Bridging Restrictions B 5 INCA IP Safeguards B 5 Wireless Hop Restriction B 5 Tunnels Manually Enabled B 5 INCA IP Virtual Subnet B 6 Permanent and User Defined Filters B 6 ARP Server B 6 Forwarding Restrictions B 6 Permanent Filters B 6 Frame Types That Are Never Forwarded B 6 User Defined Filters B 7 IP ARP Subnet Filtering
214. tination country Physical Specifications 2100 Operating Temperature Standard Unit Heater Module optional Heater Module optional and Insulated Bag optional Storage Temperature Humidity non condensing Electrical Weight Height Length Width Physical Specifications 2101 Operating Temperature Storage Temperature Humidity non condensing Electrical Weight Height Length Width 0 C to 50 32 F to 122 20 to 50 C 4 F to 122 F 30 C to 0 C 22 F to 32 F 40 C to 70 C 40 F to 158 F 10 to 90 100 to 240V 1 0 to 0 5A 50 to 60 Hz 2 63 kg 5 8 1b 95 mm 3 75 in 355 mm 14 00 in 236 mm 9 3 in 0 C to 40 C 32 F to 104 F 20 C to 70 C 4 F to 158 F 10 to 90 100 to 240V 1 0 to 0 5A 50 to 60 Hz 526 g 1 16 Ib 38 mm 1 49 in 250 mm 9 84 in 160 mm 6 27 in A 3 21 Universal Access Point Technical Reference Manual Radio Specifications 900 MHz Falcon Data rate Channels Range Coverage Frequency band Radio type Radio power output 90 225 or 450 Kbps depends on installation 7 90 Kbps 1 225 or 450 Kbps Up to 600 m 2 000 ft line of sight 9 290 to 32 515 sq m 100 000 to 350 000 sq ft 902 to 928 MHZ not available in Europe Direct sequence spread spectrum Minimum 24dBm 250 mW Typical 25 5dBm 350 mW Maximum 27dBm 500 mW Radio Specifications 2 4 GHz OpenAir Data rate Channels
215. ting for transmit mode is AUTO which allows this automatic switching to occur bridge A device that expands a local area network by forwarding frames between data link layers associated with two separate physical media types usually carrying a common protocol A bridge connects wireless devices to a wired network and allows connection of networks or subnetworks with similar architectures broadcast A type of transmission in which a message sent from the host is received by many devices on the system channel The path for transmitting data from a device to the host computer port may contain one or more logical channels In 2 4 GHz RF networks the channel refers to the frequency hopping sequence the radio follows data link tunneling A UAP encapsulates an Ethernet frame in an INCA data frame and forwards the frame to the next UAP on the path to the final destination Data link tunneling is used to make mobility transparent to the underlying network or to isolate the radio traffic from terminals on an Ethernet segment Data link tunneling occurs automatically when Ethernet bridging is disabled on the root UAP Ethernet bridging is automatically disabled on a secondary LAN if there is no designated bridge for the secondary LAN A UAP that has Ethernet bridging disabled forwards a frame inbound on its Ethernet port using data link tunneling The root UAP or a designated bridge for a secondary LAN uses data link tunneling to forward frames
216. ting the Radios If the radio is faulty or the configuration matrix string is incorrect the LEDs on the UAP display the following pattern after the UAP boots Power Wireless 1 Wireless 2 Wired LAN Root Error On Off Off On On If you are connected to the UAP through its serial port an error message also appears on your terminal or PC The error messages are described here In the following table radio A refers to the radio in slot 1 and radio B refers to the radio in slot 2 These error messages may appear for either radio A or radio B Error Message Explanation Couldn t read country code The radio may be faulty Contact your Intermec representative from radio A Radio A has unknown The radio may have been configured incorrectly at the factory country code Contact your Intermec representative Invalid country code in The country code in the configuration matrix string does not string for radio A match the country code in the radio in the UAP Contact your Intermec representative Radio string doesn t match When this error message appears additional information appears radios installed on the screen For example Expected 504 000 but found 491 in slot A nothing in slot B may appear You may have a faulty radio contact your Intermec representative 21XX Universal Access Point Technical Reference Manual Commonly Asked Technical Support Questions Problem Symptom Question Is the UAP fully booted The Power LED i
217. tion Firmware Version v4 95 Tertiary Firmware Version 4 43 Setting Advanced Configurations You can set advanced configurations using the Advanced Configuration menu Quick Start IEEE 802 11 DS A Advanced Configuration Medium Reservation Enabled Reservation Threshold 500 AP Density Low DTIM Period 1 Multicast Rate lt 2 Mbits Standard gt Transmit Rate Configuration Medium Reservation This parameter lets you enable or disable the use of a reservation threshold If you enable this parameter you can set a threshold value using the Reservation Threshold parameter If you disable this parameter you cannot set a reservation threshold value In installations that primarily send very small frames or have no hidden stations disabling this parameter may improve network response time The default is disabled Intermec recommends that you use the default Reservation Threshold This parameter only appears on the screen if the Medium Reservation parameter is set to enabled Reservation threshold specifies the maximum frame size that can be transmitted without using the medium reservation mechanism Frames equal to or greater than this threshold value use medium reservation to help prevent collisions with frames from other transmitters The range is O to 2346 The default is 500 AP Density This parameter controls the roaming sensitivity of your IEEE 802 11 DS end devices You can set AP density to low medium or high The
218. to contact a server tftp get The TFTP client in the UAP supports standard get and put commands You can use the TFTP get command to start a client session that gets a file from the server The format 15 tftp get IP address foreign filename local filename where IP address is the IP address of the server You can use an asterisk here 1f you want to use the value in serveripaddress foreign filename is the name of the file on the server The file name can contain directory path information and must be in the format required by the server operating system The file must already have the appropriate file header before the transfer to the UAP local filename 1s the name you wish to call the file on the UAP The name must include a segment number or name followed by a colon An actual file name is optional If only the segment name is supplied the file name is set equal to the file name that is embedded in the file header on the server For example the following command gets file UAP DNL from a directory on a PC server with IP address 1 2 3 4 and stores it in the inactive boot segment on the UAP tftp get 1 2 3 4 c startup uap dnl ib Note You must use the fe command to erase the segment before you execute a TFTP get command If you do not erase the segment you may get a can t write file error 8 15 21XX Universal Access Point Technical Reference Manual 8 16 The following error messages may be gener
219. top command The format is tftp server stop After you issue this command the UAP no longer responds to TFTP client requests however current TFTP sessions with the server are allowed to complete The following table lists error messages that can be issued from the TFTP server These messages are sent to the client and are meant to be read from the client perspective Error Message Explanation TFTP server only supports The client is attempting to transfer a file in ASCII mode The octet mode UAP TFTP server only supports octet mode which includes binary and image Unable to open remote file The TFTP server cannot open the file that is named in the read or write request If you are trying to read a file the file may not exist If you are trying to write a file the file may be too big the file may not have a UAP file header or the file name may be incorrectly formed Can t read remote file The server returns this message if the UAP file system returns an error while the server is attempting to read the file This message is unlikely to occur 8 17 21 Universal Access Point Technical Reference Manual Error Messages Issued by the TFTP Server continued Error Message Explanation Can t write remote file The server returns this message if the UAP file system returns an error while the server is attempting to write the file This message is unlikely to occur TFTP opcode not read or This error should not occur unde
220. ts Pass listed SNAP IP Other Protocol Pass listed SNAP IPX Sockets Pass listed SNAP Other EtherTypes Pass listed 802 3 IPX Sockets Pass listed 802 2 IPX Sockets Pass listed 802 2 Other SAPs Pass listed Action Scope Action You can set the action so the UAP will either pass or drop all frames of a specified type The default is pass Scope Scope can be set to unlisted or all If you select all then all frames of that type are unconditionally passed or dropped depending upon the action specified If you select unlisted frames of that type are passed or dropped only if the frame type is not listed in the predefined or customizable tables The following table provides information about various frame types DIX IP TCP Ports DIX IP UDP Ports SNAP IP TCP Ports SNAP IP UDP Ports DIX IP Other Protocols SNAP IP Other Protocols DIX IPX Sockets SNAP IPX Sockets 802 3 IPX Sockets Primary Internet Protocol Suite IP transport protocols IP protocols other than TCP or User Datagram Protocol UDP Novell NetWare protocol over Ethernet II frames Novell NetWare protocol over 802 2 SNAP frames Novell NetWare protocol over 802 3 RAW frames 5 11 21 Universal Access Point Technical Reference Manual Frame Types continued 5 12 DIX Other Ethernet Types DIX or SNAP registered protocols other than IP or IPX SNAP Other Ethernet Types 802 2 IPX Sockets Novell running over 802 2 Lo
221. ty later in this section ej Note Always set root priority for a WAP to 0 so it cannot become the root Also if the network contains 6710 access points and 21 X X UAPs be sure you configure a UAP as the root 21XX Universal Access Point Technical Reference Manual Ethernet Bridging Ethernet bridging determines how wireless frames are converted to Ethernet frames and vice versa You can enable or disable Ethernet bridging When Ethernet bridging is enabled frames are forwarded directly to the Ethernet network The default is enabled If you set Ethernet bridging to disabled data link tunneling occurs That is the UAP forwards frames on the Ethernet link encapsulated in INCA data frames Data link tunneling can be used to make roaming transparent to LAN protocols that are not designed to accommodate roaming For instance LANE does not accommodate roaming between Ethernet segments that are attached to LANE ATM Ethernet bridges If your network contains LANE ATM Ethernet bridges or switches that do not support backward learning you may need to set Ethernet bridging to enabled on the root UAP and to disabled on all other UAPs Note Ethernet bridging is automatically enabled on the root UAP even if you set the Ethernet Bridging parameter to disabled Secondary LAN Bridge Priority This parameter determines which UAPs on the secondary LAN are candidates for becoming the designated bridge for the segment The designated bridge physically c
222. ulticast frames The multicast flood mode settings are Hierarchical Nodes in the radio network communicate exclusively with nodes on the default primary LAN node in the radio network does not communicate with other nodes in the radio network Universal Any node can communicate with any other node For example a device in the radio network may communicate with another device in the radio network or with a server on a secondary LAN Disabled Multicast frames are not flooded Multicast Outbound to Terminals This network wide parameter controls if outbound multicast frames are flooded to wireless devices This parameter may be set to enabled or disabled The default is enabled 21XX Universal Access Point Technical Reference Manual Multicast Outbound to Secondary LANs This network wide parameter controls if outbound multicast frames are flooded to secondary LAN segments The possible settings are enabled and set locally You can use the enabled setting to globally enable flooding to all secondary LANs The setting of enabled allows the root to override local secondary LAN flooding options for all UAPs serving as designated bridges for secondary LANs The set locally setting allows flooding to be controlled by the designated bridge on that secondary LAN The default is set locally Unicast Flood Mode This network wide parameter determines the flooding structure for unicast frames The unicast flood mode settings are Hierarchical
223. unchanged and make segment 4 the active data segment you could enter fb 4 fd You use the fd command to display the flash file system directory which includes information about the boot file The format is fd You should use the fd command to ensure that the correct version of the file is in the active boot segment Note If the active segment contains no files when you reboot the UAP the unit enters the UAP monitor and you lose the ability to Telnet to it during this session If this Occurs you must access the UAP through its serial port to correct the problem fdel You use the fdel command to delete a particular file name from a segment The format is fdel filename where filename is the name of the file to be deleted For example to delete the file UAP PRG from the inactive boot segment you could enter fdel ib uap prg Advanced Features Note When you use the fdel command the file is marked as invalid and remains in the file system To reclaim the file space you must erase the entire segment Use the fe command to erase a segment fe You use the fe command to erase the files in a particular segment To recover the files after they have been erased you must reload them from another source The format is fe segment where segment is the name or number of the segment to be erased For example to erase the contents of segment 1 you could enter fe 1 You can enter ALL instead of a segment name or num
224. ust be 6 hex pairs separated by spaces colons or hyphens The default is 00 00 00 00 00 00 Using the Ethernet Frame Type Filter Table Menu You can use the Ethernet Frame Type Filter Table menu to establish filters for common networking protocols such as IP Novell IPX and 802 2 LLC You can set filters to pass only those Ethernet frame types found on your network Use the Ethernet Frame Type Filter Table menu to set the default action for general frame types Use the subtype tables to set the action for specific frame types For example you can set the DIX Other EtherTypes frame type parameter to drop and then use the subtype menus to pass only those specific DIX types that are used in your radio network If you want to drop or pass all frames of a general protocol type you can set the scope for that frame type to all in the Ethernet Frame Type Filter Table For example 1f you set the action to drop and the scope to all for DIX IP TCP Ports then all IP packets with the TCP protocol type will be dropped even if specific TCP ports are set to pass in the subtype menus Ethernet Frame Type Filter Table Menu Configuring the Bridging Parameters b Bridge Configuration Filters Ethernet Frame Type Filter Table DIX IP TCP Ports Pass nlisted DIX IP UDP Ports Pass nlisted DIX IP Other Protocols Pass nlisted DIX IPX Sockets Pass nlisted DIX Other EtherTypes Pass listed SNAP IP TCP Ports Pass listed SNAP IP UDP Por
225. uter and subnet mask to it Security Security for the UAP is provided on both the network connection and the serial connection You must enter a valid password before you can access the Configuration menu You can change the default password from the Maintenance screen See Understanding the Maintenance Menu in Chapter 7 for more information Bridging Features The UAP is a translating bridge forwarding frames that have unique physical and MAC protocol implementations between the Ethernet network and wireless media The UAP implements the basic learning and forwarding functions of a simple wired LAN bridge and includes additional functionality to address unique problems in wireless LANs End devices operate similarly to Ethernet products therefore all of your existing Ethernet applications will work with the wireless network without any special networking software Some of the significant functions supported at the bridging layer are described in this section 1 5 21 Universal Access Point Technical Reference Manual 1 6 Network Organization UAPs automatically configure into a self organized network using a spanning tree topology As devices are added to or removed from the network the UAPs automatically reconfigure to maintain reliable operation The spanning tree provides efficient loop free forwarding of frames through the network and allows rapid roaming of end devices The root UAP initiates the spanning tree The roo
226. ution when using this command If the script file is being downloaded or executed setting this variable interrupts the processing and can leave the UAP in an undetermined state that may require user intervention 8 13 21XX Universal Access Point Technical Reference Manual 8 14 sdvars set setactivepointers You use the sdvars set setactivepointers command to change inactive segments to active segments the next time the UAP is rebooted This command is usually used with the nextpoweruptime command The format is sdvars set setactivepointers none boot data both where none does not change the active segments None is the default Also when the reboot is completed the UAP resets this value to none boot changes the inactive boot segment to the active boot segment data changes the inactive data segment to the active data segment both changes both the boot and data inactive segments to the active segments For example to change the inactive boot and data segments to active at the next reboot enter sdvars set setactivepointers both sdvars set nextpoweruptime You use the sdvars set nextpoweruptime command to set the internal variable nextpoweruptime to a countdown time so that when 0 is reached the UAP will reboot When the nextpoweruptime counter reaches 0 the UAP checks the value of the setactivepointers variable takes the appropriate action and then reboots The format is sdvars set nextpoweruptime dd hh mm ss wh
227. value must be 2 hex pairs To enter a port value you must enter it as a decimal For example enter 23 for port 23 The UAP displays the hexadecimal equivalent in the values field on the menu When a match is found between the frame subtype and the value the specified action is taken 5 21 21XX Universal Access Point Technical Reference Manual Frame Subtypes and Values 5 22 Subtype DIX IP TCP Port DIX IP UDP Port DIX IP Protocol DIX IPX Socket DIX EtherType SNAP IP TCP Port SNAP IP UDP Port SNAP IP Protocol SNAP IPX Socket SNAP EtherType 802 3 IPX Socket 802 2 IPX Socket 802 2 SAP Value Port value in hexadecimal Port value in hexadecimal Protocol number in hexadecimal Socket value in hexadecimal Specify the registered DIX type in hexadecimal Port value in hexadecimal Port value in hexadecimal Port value in hexadecimal Socket value in hexadecimal SAP in hexadecimal To filter on both SAP and OUI use advanced filters Socket value in hexadecimal Socket value in hexadecimal SAP in hexadecimal Filtering Examples The examples in this section illustrate how to set filters to optimize wireless performance The sample network illustrated next includes e wireless stations using IP e a secondary LAN containing IP and IPX hosts linked by UAP 2 and UAP 4 e IPX router connecting to another Novell network DIX and 802 3 SNAP frames Many networks use only one Ethernet frame type D
228. versal Access Point Technical Reference Manual Viewing Port Statistics The Port Statistics screen is a read only screen that displays total transmitted and received frames and bytes for each port since the UAP was last powered up Maintenance Analysis Tools Port Statistics Ethernet OpenAir A INCA IP Received Frames Total Frames Good Frames Unicast Frames Multi Broad cast Frames Relayed Frames Discarded Frames Total Bytes Transmitted Frames Total Frames Good Frames Unicast Frames Multi Broad cast Frames Relayed Frames Discarded Frames Total Bytes Press any key to exit Understanding the LED Lighting Sequence When the UAP is powered on the LEDs flash as the UAP boots and performs internal diagnostics The table below describes the LED activity during the boot process Wireless Wireless Wired Root Power 1 2 LAN Error Description On Off Off Off On Flash checksum being calculated On On Off Off On Flash checksum failure On Off Off On Off RAM test in progress On On Off On Off RAM test failure On Off On Off Off Loading of monitor in progress On Off On Off On Ethernet test in progress On On On Off On Ethernet test failure Maintenance and Troubleshooting After successfully boots the LEDs display the following pattern Power Wireless 1 Wireless 2 Wired LAN Root Error On Flashes Flashes if radio Flashes Flashes if this UAP is installed configured as the root Troubleshoo
229. version 35 74 Total flash memory 2097152 Total RAM 4194304 Available RAM 2171872 System up time 4 hrs 1 min Press any key to exit Using Analysis Tools When you select the Analysis Tools command from the Maintenance menu the following menu appears Maintenance Analysis Tools UAP Connections Port Statistics Maintenance and Troubleshooting Viewing UAP Connections The UAP Connections screen is a read only screen that displays information about the devices that are communicating with the UAP The MAC address and other information is displayed for those devices that are one hop outbound from your UAP You should note that it may take one to two minutes for an end device to appear on the UAP Connections screen Note To view IP addresses on the UAP Connections screen you must setthe ARP Server Mode parameter to normal flooding or no flooding Maintenance Analysis Tools UAP Connections MAC Address Type Status 2 entries 00 20 a6 30 e6 89 Term Port 2 Age 00 IP 150 40 10 19 00 20 a6 31 84 75 Term Port 2 Age 00 IP 150 40 10 20 Press any key to exit These categories of devices display in the type column on the UAP Connections screen Type Explanation Term Terminal or end device WAP A wireless access point AP An access point configured to listen for an INCA IP tunnel AP Tnl An access point configured to originate an INCA IP tunnel root AP Ehost Ethernet host on a secondary LAN 21XX Uni

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