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User`s manual FLIR Txxx series

1. Skin human 32 T 0 98 Slag boiler 0 100 T 0 97 0 93 Slag boiler 200 500 T 0 89 0 78 Slag boiler 600 1200 T 0 76 0 70 Slag boiler 1400 1800 T 0 69 0 67 Snow See Water Soil dry 20 T 0 92 Soil saturated with wa 20 T 0 95 ter Stainless steel alloy 8 Ni 18 500 JT 0 35 Cr Stainless stee rolled 700 T 0 45 Stainless stee sandblasted 700 T 0 70 Stainless steel sheet polished 70 LW 0 14 Stainless steel sheet polished 70 SW 0 18 Stainless stee sheet untreated 70 LW 0 28 somewhat scratched Stainless stee sheet untreated 70 SW 0 30 somewhat scratched Stainless steel type 18 8 buffed 20 T 0 16 Stainless steel type 18 8 oxi 60 T 0 85 dized at 800 C Stucco rough lime 10 90 T 0 91 Styrofoam insulation 37 SW 0 60 Tar T 0 79 0 84 Tar paper 20 T 0 91 0 93 Tile glazed 17 SW 0 94 Tin burnished 20 50 T 0 04 0 06 Tin tin plated sheet 100 T 0 07 iron Publ No T559772 Rev a593 ENGLISH EN March 16 2012 actoolsupply com 139 actoolsupply com 32 Emissivity tables Titanium oxidized at 540 C 200 T 0 40 1 Titanium oxidized at 540 C 500 T 0 50 1 Titanium oxidized at 540 C 1000 T 0 60 1 Titanium polished 200 T 0 15 1 Titanium polished 500 T 0 20 1 Titanium polished 1000 T 0 36 1 Tungsten 200 T 0 05 1 Tungsten 600 1000 T 0 1 0 16 1 Tungsten 1500 2200 T 0 24 0 31 1 Tungsten f
2. sse 120 32 Emissivity tables Cet C ene nee ere ee eed edi ce ha eed d ee a 126 32 1 2Hel erences arrie esee tea e est n Y eie ente ee dece dd rte deed 126 32 2 Important note about the emissivity tables 126 32 3 Table Suninen Deeter 127 Publ No T559772 Rev a593 ENGLISH EN March 16 2012 ix actoolsupply com actoolsupply com Publ No T559772 Rev a593 ENGLISH EN March 16 2012 actoolsupply com actoolsupply com WARNING Warnings amp Cautions Applies only to Class A digital devices This equipment generates uses and can radiate radio frequency energy and if not installed and used in accordance with the instruction manual may cause interference to radio communications It has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class A computing device pursuant to Subpart J of Part 15 of FCC Rules which are designed to provide reasonable protection against such interference when operated in a commercial environment Operation of this equipment in a residential area is likely to cause interference in which case the user at his own expense will be required to take whatever measures may be required to correct the interference Applies only to Class B digital devices This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class B digital device pursuant to Part 15 of the FCC Rules These limits are designed to provide reasonable protection against harmf
3. 82 Publ No T559772 Rev a593 ENGLISH EN March 16 2012 actoolsupply com actoolsupply com 23 Technical data For technical data refer to the product catalog on the user documentation CD ROM that comes with the camera Publ No 559772 Rev a593 ENGLISH EN March 16 2012 83 actoolsupply com actoolsupply com 24 Pin configurations Pin configuration 0920542 for USB Mini B connector Configuration 5 V out USB USB N C Ground 84 Publ No T559772 Rev a593 ENGLISH EN March 16 2012 actoolsupply com actoolsupply com 24 Pin configurations Pin configuration 10763503 a1 for video connector 123 4 Configuration Audio right Ground Video out Audio left Publ No T559772 Rev a593 ENGLISH EN March 16 2012 85 actoolsupply com 24 Pin configurations actoolsupply com Pin configuration for USB A connector 10763303 a2 Configuration 86 Publ No T559772 Rev a593 ENGLISH EN March 16 2012 actoolsupply com actoolsupply com 24 Pin configurations Pin configuration 10763403 a1 for power connector Publ No T559772 Rev a593 ENGLISH EN March 16 2012 87 actoolsupply com actoolsupply com 25 25 1
4. External optics transmission i e the optical transmission of any protective win dows etc that are set up between the camera and the object of interest Recommended If you are unsure about the values the following are recommended values Atmospheric temperature 20 C 69 F Emissivity 0 95 Object distance 1 0 m 3 3 ft Reflected apparent temperature 20 C 69 F Relative humidity 50 66 Publ No T559772 Rev a593 ENGLISH EN March 16 2012 actoolsupply com actoolsupply com 19 Working with measurement tools and isotherms Procedure Follow this procedure to change the object parameters globally Push the Menu Back button Onthe main menu go to the Parameters button and push the joystick On the Parameters menu select the parameter that you want to change and push the joystick Move the joystick up down to change the value Push the joystick to confirm NOTE Of the five parameters above emissivity and reflected apparent temperature are the two most important to set correctly in the camera SEE ALSO For more information about parameters and how to correctly set emissivity and re flected apparent temperature see section 28 Thermographic measurement tech niques on page 101 Publ No T559772 Rev a593 ENGLISH EN March 16 2012 67 actoolsupply com actoolsupply com 20 General Annotating images This section describes how to save additional inf
5. Magnesium 538 T 0 18 4 Magnesium polished 20 T 0 07 2 Magnesium pow T 0 86 1 der Molybdenum 600 1000 T 0 08 0 13 1 Molybdenum 1500 2200 T 0 19 0 26 1 Molybdenum filament 700 2500 T 0 1 0 3 1 Mortar 17 SW 0 87 5 Mortar dry 36 SW 0 94 7 Nextel Velvet 811 Flat black 60 150 LW gt 0 97 10 and 21 Black 11 Nichrome rolled 700 T 0 25 1 Nichrome sandblasted 700 T 0 70 1 Nichrome wire clean 50 T 0 65 1 Nichrome wire clean 500 1000 T 0 71 0 79 1 Nichrome wire oxidized 50 500 T 0 95 0 98 1 Nickel bright matte 122 T 0 041 4 Nickel commercially 100 T 0 045 1 pure polished Nickel commercially 200 400 T 0 07 0 09 1 pure polished Nickel electrolytic 22 T 0 04 4 Nickel electrolytic 38 T 0 06 4 Nickel electrolytic 260 T 0 07 4 Nickel electrolytic 538 T 0 10 4 Nickel electroplated pol 20 T 0 05 2 ished Nickel electroplated on 22 iE 0 045 4 iron polished Nickel electroplated on 20 T 0 11 0 40 1 iron unpolished Publ No T559772 Rev a593 ENGLISH EN March 16 2012 actoolsupply com 135 32 Emissivity tables actoolsupply com C TOOL PLY COM 207 1244 anikencolon com Nickel electroplated on 22 T 0 11 iron unpolished Nickel oxidized 200 T 0 37 Nickel oxidized 227 T 0 37 Nickel oxidized 1227 T 0 85 Nickel oxidized at 600 C 200 600 T 0 37 0 48 Nickel polished 122 T 0 045 Nickel wire 200 1000 T 0 1 0 2 Nickel oxide 500 650 T 0
6. General NOTE Figure Application examples Moisture amp water damage It is often possible to detect moisture and water damage in a house by using an in frared camera This is partly because the damaged area has a different heat conduc tion property and partly because it has a different thermal capacity to store heat than the surrounding material Many factors can come into play as to how moisture or water damage will appear in an infrared image For example heating and cooling of these parts takes place at different rates depend ing on the material and the time of day For this reason it is important that other methods are used as well to check for moisture or water damage The image below shows extensive water damage on an external wall where the water has penetrated the outer facing because of an incorrectly installed window ledge 10739503 a1 88 Publ No T559772 Rev a593 ENGLISH EN March 16 2012 actoolsupply com actoolsupply com 25 Application examples 25 2 Faulty contact in socket General Depending on the type of connection a socket has an improperly connected wire can result in local temperature increase This temperature increase is caused by the reduced contact area between the connection point of the incoming wire and the Socket and can result in an electrical fire NOTE A socket s construction may differ dramatically from one manufacturer to another For this
7. Aluminum as received plate 100 T 0 09 4 Aluminum as received sheet 100 T 0 09 2 Aluminum cast blast cleaned 70 LW 0 46 9 Aluminum cast blast cleaned 70 SW 0 47 9 Aluminum dipped in HNO3 100 T 0 05 4 plate Aluminum foil 27 3 um 0 09 3 Aluminum foil 27 10 um 0 04 3 Aluminum oxidized strongly 50 500 T 0 2 0 3 1 Aluminum polished 50 100 T 0 04 0 06 1 Aluminum polished sheet 100 T 0 05 2 Aluminum polished plate 100 T 0 05 4 Publ No T559772 Rev a593 ENGLISH EN March 16 2012 127 actoolsupply com 32 Emissivity tables actoolsupply com Aluminum roughened 27 3 um 0 28 Aluminum roughened 27 10 um 0 18 Aluminum rough surface 20 50 T 0 06 0 07 Aluminum sheet 4 samples 70 LW 0 03 0 06 differently scratched Aluminum sheet 4 samples 70 SW 0 05 0 08 differently scratched Aluminum vacuum deposited 20 T 0 04 Aluminum weathered heavily 17 SW 0 83 0 94 Aluminum bronze 20 T 0 60 Aluminum hydrox powder T 0 28 ide Aluminum oxide activated powder T 0 46 Aluminum oxide pure powder alu T 0 16 mina Asbestos board 20 T 0 96 Asbestos fabric T 0 78 Asbestos floor tile 35 SW 0 94 Asbestos paper 40 400 T 0 93 0 95 Asbestos powder T 0 40 0 60 Asbestos slate 20 T 0 96 Asphalt paving 4 LLW 0 967 Brass dull tarnished 20 350 T 0 22 Brass oxidized 70 SW 0 04 0 09 Brass oxidized 70 LW 0 03 0 07 Brass oxidized 100 T 0 61 Brass oxidized at 600
8. actoolsupply com actoolsupply com 9 Camera parts 9 4 Battery condition indicator General The battery has a battery condition indicator Figure 10715703 a3 Explanation This table explains the battery condition indicator Type of signal Explanation The green light flashes The power supply or the stand alone battery charger is charging the battery The green light is continuous The battery is fully charged The green light is off The camerais using the battery instead of the power supply 20 Publ No T559772 Rev a593 ENGLISH EN March 16 2012 actoolsupply com actoolsupply com 9 Camera parts 9 5 General Figure WARNING CAUTION NOTE Laser warning label Laser rules and regulations Laser pointer The camera has a laser pointer When the laser pointer is on you can see a laser dot approximately 40 mm 1 57 in above the target This figure shows the difference in position between the laser pointer and the optical center of the infrared lens 10759203 a2 40 mm 1 57 Do not look directly into the laser beam The laser beam can cause eye irritation Protect the laser pointer with the protective cap when you are not using the laser pointer a A laser warning symbol is displayed on the screen when the laser pointer is on The laser pointer may not be enabled in all markets A laser warning label with the following info
9. C 200 600 T 0 59 0 61 Brass polished 200 T 0 03 Brass polished highly 100 T 0 03 128 Publ No T559772 Rev a593 ENGLISH EN March 16 2012 actoolsupply com actoolsupply com 32 Emissivity tables Brass rubbed with 80 20 T 0 20 grit emery Brass sheet rolled 20 T 0 06 Brass sheet worked with 20 T 0 2 emery Brick alumina 17 SW 0 68 Brick common 17 SW 0 86 0 81 Brick Dinas silica 1100 T 0 85 glazed rough Brick Dinas silica refrac 1000 T 0 66 tory Brick Dinas silica 1000 T 0 80 unglazed rough Brick firebrick 17 SW 0 68 Brick fireclay 20 T 0 85 Brick fireclay 1000 T 0 75 Brick fireclay 1200 T 0 59 Brick masonry 35 SW 0 94 Brick masonry plas 20 T 0 94 tered Brick red common 20 T 0 93 Brick red rough 20 T 0 88 0 93 Brick refractory corun 1000 T 0 46 dum Brick refractory magne 1000 1300 T 0 38 site Brick refractory strongly 500 1000 T 0 8 0 9 radiating Brick refractory weakly 500 1000 T 0 65 0 75 radiating Brick silica 95 SiO 1230 T 0 66 Brick sillimanite 33 1500 i 0 29 SiO 64 Al2O3 Publ No T559772 Rev a593 ENGLISH EN March 16 2012 actoolsupply com 129 actoolsupply com 32 Emissivity tables Brick waterproof 17 SW 0 87 5 Bronze phosphor bronze 70 LW 0 06 9 Bronze phosphor bronze 70 SW 0 08 9 Bronze polished 50 T
10. Consider now a non metallic semi transparent body let us say in the form of a thick flat plate of plastic material When the plate is heated radiation generated within its volume must work its way toward the surfaces through the material in which it is partially absorbed Moreover when it arrives at the surface some of it is reflected back into the interior The back reflected radiation is again partially absorbed but 118 Publ No T559772 Rev a593 ENGLISH EN March 16 2012 actoolsupply com C TOOL PLY COM 207 1244 Qualisecolon nma actoolsupply com 30 Theory of thermography some of it arrives at the other surface through which most of it escapes part of it is reflected back again Although the progressive reflections become weaker and weaker they must all be added up when the total emittance of the plate is sought When the resulting geometrical series is summed the effective emissivity of a semi transparent plate is obtained as 1 5 1 7 L PT oy A When the plate becomes opaque this formula is reduced to the single formula amp l p This last relation is a particularly convenient one because it is often easier to measure reflectance than to measure emissivity directly Publ No T559772 Rev a593 ENGLISH EN March 16 2012 119 actoolsupply com actoolsupply com 31 The measurement formula As already mentioned when viewing an object the camera receives radiati
11. Determining reflected apparent temperature Use one of the following two methods to determine reflected apparent temperature 28 2 1 1 1 Method 1 Direct method 1 Look for possible reflection sources considering that the incident angle reflection angle a b 10588903 a1 Figure 28 1 1 Reflection source 2 If the reflection source is a spot source modify the source by obstructing it using a piece if cardboard 10589103 a2 Figure 28 2 1 Reflection source 102 Publ No T559772 Rev a593 ENGLISH EN March 16 2012 actoolsupply com actoolsupply com 28 Thermographic measurement techniques 3 Measure the radiation intensity apparent temperature from the reflecting source using the following settings 1 Emissivity 1 0 LI Donj O You can measure the radiation intensity using one of the following two methods 10589003 a2 Figure 28 3 1 Reflection source Note Using a thermocouple to measure reflected apparent temperature is not recom mended for two important reasons A thermocouple does not measure radiation intensity A thermocouple requires a very good thermal contact to the surface usually by gluing and covering the sensor by a thermal isolator 28 2 1 1 2 Method 2 Reflector method 1 Crumble up a large piece of aluminum foil 2 Uncrumble the aluminum foil and attach it to a piece of cardboard of the same size 3 Put th
12. F Tatm 20 C 68 F Publ No T559772 Rev a593 ENGLISH EN March 16 2012 125 actoolsupply com actoolsupply com 32 Emissivity tables This section presents a compilation of emissivity data from the infrared literature and measurements made by FLIR Systems 32 1 References Mika l A Bramson Infrared Radiation A Handbook for Applications Plenum press N Y William L Wolfe George J Zissis The Infrared Handbook Office of Naval Research Department of Navy Washington D C Madding R P Thermographic Instruments and systems Madison Wisconsin Univer sity of Wisconsin Extension Department of Engineering and Applied Science William L Wolfe Handbook of Military Infrared Technology Office of Naval Research Department of Navy Washington D C Jones Smith Probert External thermography of buildings Proc of the Society of Photo Optical Instrumentation Engineers vol 110 Industrial and Civil Applications of Infrared Technology June 1977 London Paljak Pettersson Thermography of Buildings Swedish Building Research Institute Stockholm 1972 Vicek J Determination of emissivity with imaging radiometers and some emissivities at A 5 um Photogrammetric Engineering and Remote Sensing Kern Evaluation of infrared emission of clouds and ground as measured by weather satellites Defence Documentation Center AD 617 417 hman Claes Emittansm tningar med AGEMA E
13. a Do not get water or salt water on the battery or permit the battery to get wet a Do not make holes in the battery with objects Do not hit the battery with a hammer Do not step on the battery or apply strong impacts or shocks to it Donotputthe batteries in or near a fire or into direct sunlight When the battery becomes hot the built in safety equipment becomes energized and can stop the battery charging process If the battery becomes hot damage can occur to the safety equipment and this can cause more heat damage or ignition of the battery Do not put the battery on a fire or increase the temperature of the battery with heat Do not put the battery on or near fires stoves or other high temperature loca tions a Do not solder directly onto the battery Do not use the battery if when you use charge or store the battery there is an unusual smell from the battery the battery feels hot changes color changes shape or is in an unusual condition Contact your sales office if one or more of these problems occurs Only use a specified battery charger when you charge the battery Publ No T559772 Rev a593 ENGLISH EN March 16 2012 actoolsupply com actoolsupply com 1 Warnings amp Cautions The temperature range through which you can charge the battery is 0 C to 45 C 32 F to 113 F unless specified otherwise in the user documenta tion If you charge the battery at temperatures out of
14. 0 1 1 Bronze porous rough 50 150 T 0 55 1 Bronze powder T 0 76 0 80 1 Carbon candle soot 20 T 0 95 2 Carbon charcoal powder 1 0 96 1 Carbon graphite filed sur 20 T 0 98 2 face Carbon graphite powder T 0 97 1 Carbon lampblack 20 400 T 0 95 0 97 1 Chipboard untreated 20 SW 0 90 6 Chromium polished 50 T 0 10 1 Chromium polished 500 1000 jT 0 28 0 38 1 Clay fired 70 F 0 91 1 Cloth black 20 if 0 98 1 Concrete 20 T 0 92 2 Concrete dry 36 SW 0 95 T Concrete rough 17 SW 0 97 5 Concrete walkway 5 LLW 0 974 8 Copper commercial bur 20 T 0 07 1 nished Copper electrolytic careful 80 T 0 018 1 ly polished Copper electrolytic pol 34 T 0 006 4 ished Copper molten 1100 1300 T 0 13 0 15 1 Copper oxidized 50 T 0 6 0 7 1 Copper oxidized black 27 T 0 78 4 130 Publ No T559772 Rev a593 ENGLISH EN March 16 2012 actoolsupply com actoolsupply com 32 Emissivity tables Copper oxidized heavily 20 T 0 78 2 Copper oxidized to black T 0 88 1 ness Copper polished 50 100 T 0 02 1 Copper polished 100 T 0 03 2 Copper polished commer 27 T 0 03 4 cial Copper polished mechan 22 T 0 015 4 ical Copper pure carefully 22 T 0 008 4 prepared surface Copper scraped 27 T 0 07 4 Copper dioxide powder T 0 84 1 Copper oxide red powder T 0 70 1 Ebonite T 0 89 1 Emery coarse 80 T 0 85 1 Enamel 20 T 0 9 1 Enamel lacquer 20 T 0 85 0 95 1 Fiber board hard
15. 4 Periodically saving an image sssssseeneennene enne nnne 16 5 Opening an image 16 6 Adjusting an image manually 16 7 Hiding overlay graphics zm 16 8 jDeletitigiltradges mre Rr ree ennt iere erect neret etel iere tete vetet ica 16 9 Creating an Adobe PDF report sssssssssssssseseeneeneennenennentnne retenti tn inantea 17 Worklng with fuslon rere tenere tnt eei tire ne ica spike 54 18 Recording video clips ssssssssssssseeeneeneeeennennennnnnnn nnne 57 19 Working with measurement tools and isotherms sssse e 58 19 1 Setting up measurement tools 58 19 2 Setting up a difference calculation 59 19 3 Setting up isotherms 60 19 4 Removing measurement tools sssssssssseeeeeeeeneneennennenn nnne nennen 63 19 5 Moving measurement tools creen etie ra roca eene a sb rm te cerise sedes 64 19 6 RESIZING MCAS eL 65 19 7 Changing objectparamelers cur trie rera neret e unser ed eer nene 66 20 Annotatlng Images eene trie ssevegascatedeassavaceasspacvsieserecgescgarasts 68 20 1 Adding a digital photo automatically sssssseeeeneeenn nnne 69 20 2 Adding a digital photo manually 70 20 3 Adding a voice annotation 71 20 4 Adding a table ai 72 20 5 Adding an text ien traen rien itte eta va ph rast
16. 52 0 59 Nickel oxide 1000 1250 T 0 75 0 86 Oil lubricating 0 025 mm film 20 T 0 27 Oil lubricating 0 050 mm film 20 T 0 46 Oil lubricating 0 125 mm film 20 T 0 72 Oil lubricating film on Ni base Ni 20 T 0 05 base only Oil lubricating thick coating 20 T 0 82 Paint 8 different colors 70 LW 0 92 0 94 and qualities Paint 8 different colors 70 SW 0 88 0 96 and qualities Paint Aluminum various 50 100 T 0 27 0 67 ages Paint cadmium yellow T 0 28 0 33 Paint chrome green T 0 65 0 70 Paint cobalt blue T 0 7 0 8 Paint oi 17 SW 0 87 Paint oil black flat 20 SW 0 94 Paint oil black gloss 20 SW 0 92 Paint oil gray flat 20 SW 0 97 Paint oil gray gloss 20 SW 0 96 Paint oil various colors 100 T 0 92 0 96 136 Publ No T559772 Rev a593 ENGLISH EN March 16 2012 actoolsupply com actoolsupply com 32 Emissivity tables Paint oil based average 100 T 0 94 of 16 colors Paint plastic black 20 SW 0 95 Paint plastic white 20 SW 0 84 Paper 4 different colors 70 LW 0 92 0 94 Paper 4 different colors 70 SW 0 68 0 74 Paper black T 0 90 Paper black dull T 0 94 Paper black dull 70 LW 0 89 Paper black dull 70 SW 0 86 Paper blue dark T 0 84 Paper coated with black T 0 93 lacquer Paper green T 0 85 Paper red T 0 76 Paper white 20 T 0 7 0 9 Paper white 3 different 70 LW 0 88 0 90 glosses Paper white 3 different 70 SW 0 76 0 78 glosses Paper white bond 20 T 0 93 Paper yellow T 0 72 Pla
17. Box Teknisk rapport AGEMA 1999 Emittance measurements using AGEMA E Box Technical report AGEMA 1999 Mattei S Tang Kwor E Emissivity measurements for Nextel Velvet coating 811 21 between 36 C AND 82 C Lohrengel amp Todtenhaupt 1996 ITC Technical publication 32 ITC Technical publication 29 32 2 Important note about the emissivity tables The type of camera that has been used when compiling the emissivity data is specified in column 4 The values should be regarded as recommendations only and used with caution 126 Publ No T559772 Rev a593 ENGLISH EN March 16 2012 actoolsupply com actoolsupply com 32 Emissivity tables 32 3 Tables Figure 32 1 1 Material 2 Specification 3 Temperature in C 4 Spectrum T Total spectrum SW 2 5 um LW 8 14 um LLW 6 5 20 um 5 Emissivity 6 Reference to literature source above 3M type 35 Vinyl electrical 80 LW Ca 0 96 13 tape several col ors 3M type 88 Black vinyl electri lt 105 LW Ca 0 96 13 cal tape 3M type 88 Black vinyl electri lt 105 MW lt 0 96 13 cal tape 3M type Super Black vinyl electri lt 80 LW Ca 0 96 13 33 cal tape Aluminum anodized black 70 LW 0 95 9 dull Aluminum anodized black 70 SW 0 67 9 dull Aluminum anodized light 70 LW 0 97 9 gray dull Aluminum anodized light 70 SW 0 61 9 gray dull Aluminum anodized sheet 100 T 0 55 2
18. EEEE KaSS NE 74 20 6 Adding a Sketch ccce tradit erre Serin er dee Pera ibas veis vdd 75 21 Changing ELIGE 76 eid Changing camera selttinigs i enne rend ee ee viieni Ern Fe Rb 76 21 2 Ghangingiprefererices uem reir eem ree reet dea eae seamen 77 21 3 CGhanging ConhecliVIl zu eene errem rere en roe roi eee cen epe erie 78 21 4 Changing regional Settings cerneret ren e diini 79 22 Cleaning the camera ooo ehlee ione b Hacer 80 22 1 Camera housing cables and other items ssessssseeeeeeeneneeneenene 80 22 2 Infrared Bnet ee ie tcd IG tC ELLE Lev at 81 22 3 Infrared detecto eene ten teet hte c eed 82 23 Technical data oie oe tereti eren b irte d se e IS BERI RE REER NR da 83 24 Pin configurations sssssssseeenneeeennennnne nennen ennt nnne tnnt nnne enn 84 25 Application examples seen nennen ennt rennen nenne rennen 88 25 1 Moisture amp water damage enti rnt dere rera cet ene oire dde ce ER x 88 25 2 Faulty contact In SOCKel ieeer eene tec e rete nene cet encre cerita 89 25 3 Oxidiz d SOCKOL reete dit eterne cei d Tee 90 25 4 Insulation defiCiereles esed toco eee tec rtr eerte ce exercit reed 91 25 5 Draht ec 92 26 About FUR Systems eterne e ni etai Re ehe sth raa ta EA ENE TAANA NANESE 26 1 More than just an infrared camera s 26 2 Sharing d r Knowledge rte eerie e na debe Pd der TAAKAN viii
19. PATENT SPECIFICATION United States Patent Office 3 5108 atented May 31 1966 DRAWINGS ATTAC Inventors PER JOHAN LINDBERG and HANS GUNNER MALMBERG 1 057 624 Date of Application ond fling Complete Specification Nov 15 1963 No 45167 83 Complete Specifcation Published Feb 1 1967 Crown Copyright 1967 1057 624 rt Tot CL H 04 n 3 06 COMPLETE SPECIFICATION Scanning Mechanism We AGA Axmusoo formerly Senda aliy on diat Gamccumdny al Lih yee E i Cam arie dra be Figure 26 1 Patent documents from the early 1960s The company has sold more than 200 000 infrared cameras worldwide for applications such as predictive maintenance R amp D non destructive testing process control and automation and machine vision among many others FLIR Systems has three manufacturing plants in the United States Portland OR Boston MA Santa Barbara CA and one in Sweden Stockholm Since 2007 there is also a manufacturing plant in Tallinn Estonia Direct sales offices in Belgium Brazil Publ No 559772 Rev a593 ENGLISH EN March 16 2012 93 actoolsupply com C TOOL actoolsupply com PLY COM 207 1244 aa nikencolon com China France Germany Great Britain Hong Kong Italy Japan Korea Sweden and the USA together with a worldwide network of agents and distributors support our international customer base 26 About FLIR Systems FLIR Systems is at the forefront o
20. Tools T198206 FLIR ResearchlR 3 1 T198206L10 FLIR ResearchiR 3 1 10 user licenses T198206L5 FLIR ResearchlR 3 1 5 user licenses T198209 FLIR ResearchlR Max 3 1 T198209L10 FLIR ResearchlR Max 3 1 10 user licenses T198209L5 FLIR ResearchlR Max 3 1 5 user licenses T198290 Upgrade FLIR ResearchiR 3 x to FLIR ResearchlR Max 3 1 T198291 Upgrade previous version to FLIR ResearchlR Max 3 1 T198292 Upgrade previous version to FLIR ResearchlR 3 1 T199802 General Maintenance T2xx 4xx series T199815 One year extended warranty for T2xx 4xx series 12 Publ No T559772 Rev a593 ENGLISH EN March 16 2012 actoolsupply com actoolsupply com 7 Parts lists T910737 Memory card micro SD with adapters T910750 Power supply incl multi plugs T910972 EX845 Clamp meter IR therm TRMS 1000A AC DC T910973 MO297 Moisture meter pinless with memory NOTE FLIR Systems reserves the right to discontinue models parts or accessories and other items or to change specifications at any time without prior notice Publ No T559772 Rev a593 ENGLISH EN March 16 2012 13 actoolsupply com C TOOL PLY COM 207 1244 laZanikencolon coma 8 actoolsupply com A note about ergonomics General To prevent strain injuries it is important that you hold the camera ergonomically correct This section gives advice and examples on how to hold the camera NOTE Please note the following a Always ad
21. be put between the camera and the object being measured filter A material transparent only to some of the infrared wavelengths FOV Field of view The horizontal angle that can be viewed through an IR lens FPA Focal plane array A type of IR detector graybody An object that emits a fixed fraction of the amount of energy of a blackbody for each wavelength IFOV Instantaneous field of view A measure of the geometrical reso image correction internal or external infrared IR isotherm isothermal cavity Laser LocatlR lution of an IR camera A way of compensating for sensitivity differences in various parts of live images and also of stabilizing the camera Non visible radiation having a wavelength from about 2 13 um infrared A function highlighting those parts of an image that fall above below or between one or more temperature intervals A bottle shaped radiator with a uniform temperature viewed through the bottleneck An electrically powered light source on the camera that emits laser radiation in a thin concentrated beam to point at certain parts of the object in front of the camera laser pointer level manual adjust An electrically powered light source on the camera that emits laser radiation in a thin concentrated beam to point at certain parts of the object in front of the camera The center value of the temperature scale usually expressed as a signal value Away to adjust the image
22. color that is displayed when a temperature is between two values Anisotherm color that is displayed when the camera detects an area where there may be a risk of humidity in a building structure a An isotherm color that is displayed when the camera detects what may be an in sulation deficiency in a wall Setting up a high Follow this procedure to set up an isotherm color that is displayed when a temperature temperature rises above a preset value isotherm Push the Menu Back button DE On the main menu go to the Tools button k and push the joystick ahia On the Tools menu select Add isotherm and push the joystick Select Above Move the joystick up down to set the temperature at which you want the isotherm color to be displayed The screen will now display the isotherm color when the temperature exceeds the set temperature level Setting up a Follow this procedure to set up an isotherm color that is displayed when a temperature low temperature falls below a preset value isotherm Push the Menu Back button ES On the main menu go to the Tools button and push the joystick alia On the Tools menu select Add isotherm and push the joystick Select Below Move the joystick up down to set the temperature at which you want the isotherm color to be displayed The screen will now display the isotherm color when the temperature falls below the set temperature level Setting up an Fo
23. galvanized heavily oxidized 70 SW 0 64 Iron galvanized sheet 92 T 0 07 Iron galvanized sheet burnished 30 1i 0 23 Iron galvanized sheet oxidized 20 T 0 28 Publ No T559772 Rev a593 ENGLISH EN March 16 2012 actoolsupply com 133 32 Emissivity tables actoolsupply com Iron tinned sheet 24 T 0 064 4 Krylon Ultra flat Flat black Roomtemperature LW Ca 0 96 12 black 1602 up to 175 Krylon Ultra flat Flat black Roomtemperature MW Ca 0 97 12 black 1602 up to 175 Lacquer 3 colors sprayed 70 LW 0 92 0 94 9 on Aluminum Lacquer 3 colors sprayed 70 SW 0 50 0 53 9 on Aluminum Lacquer Aluminum on 20 T 0 4 1 rough surface Lacquer bakelite 80 T 0 83 1 Lacquer black dull 40 100 T 0 96 0 98 1 Lacquer black matte 100 T 0 97 2 Lacquer black shiny 20 T 0 87 1 sprayed on iron Lacquer heat resistant 100 T 0 92 1 Lacquer white 40 100 T 0 8 0 95 1 Lacquer white 100 T 0 92 2 Lead oxidized gray 20 jJ 0 28 1 Lead oxidized gray 22 T 0 28 4 Lead oxidized at 200 C 200 T 0 63 1 Lead shiny 250 T 0 08 1 Lead unoxidized pol 100 T 0 05 4 ished Lead red 100 T 0 93 4 Lead red powder 100 T 0 93 1 Leather tanned T 0 75 0 80 1 Lime T 0 3 0 4 1 Magnesium 22 jT 0 07 4 Magnesium 260 T 0 13 4 134 Publ No T559772 Rev a593 ENGLISH EN March 16 2012 actoolsupply com actoolsupply com 32 Emissivity tables
24. image which will simplify post processing and reporting in for example FLIR Reporter NOTE This section assumes that the camera is configured to always preview an image before saving it to the memory card To configure the camera to always preview follow this procedure Push the Menu Back button On the main menu go to the Mode button ESI and push the joystick On the Mode menu select Settings and push the joystick On the Preferences tab go to Save button and select Always preview Procedure Follow this procedure Push the Preview Save button fully down On the toolbar at the bottom of the screen select E On the menu that is displayed select Digital camera photo and push the joystick Push the Preview Save button to save the digital photo 70 Publ No T559772 Rev a593 ENGLISH EN March 16 2012 actoolsupply com actoolsupply com sie ROOL actoolsupply com 20 Annotating images 20 3 Adding a voice annotation General A voice annotation is an audio recording that is saved in an infrared image The voice annotation is recorded using a Bluetooth microphone headset The recording can be played back in the camera and in image analysis and reporting software from FLIR Systems NOTE This section assumes that the camera is configured to always preview an image before saving it to the memory card To configure the camera to always preview follow this procedure Push the Menu Back button yl On the main
25. in this mode To view another video clip go to the archive mode a You can play back the video clips in for example Windows Media Player However to do so you must also buy download and install the 3ivx D4 Decoder which is an MPEG 4 toolkit that supports MPEG 4 Video MPEG 4 Audio and the MP4 file format You can download the 3ivx D4 Decoder from http www 3ivx com Other video players may also work for example ffdshow from http source forge net projects ffdshow Codecs may also be available from http www free codecs com FLIR Systems does not take any responsibility for the functionality of third party video players and codecs Publ No T559772 Rev a593 ENGLISH EN March 16 2012 57 actoolsupply com C TOOL PLY COM 207 1244 c sieococn am 19 19 1 General Procedure NOTE actoolsupply com Working with measurement tools and isotherms Setting up measurement tools To measure the temperature you use one or more measurement tools This section gives you examples how you set up a spotmeter or an area Follow this procedure to set up a spotmeter or an area Push the Menu Back button On the main menu go to the Tools button and push the joystick On the Tools menu select one of the following v Add spot E a Add box E a Add circle igi The area inside the center of the spotmeter must be covered by the object of interest to display a correct t
26. joystick to enable Bluetooth connectivity On the same tab go to Add Bluetooth device and push the joystick to begin scanning for devices Atthis stage you need to refer to the user documentation for your Bluetooth device 26 Publ No T559772 Rev a593 ENGLISH EN March 16 2012 actoolsupply com actoolsupply com 14 General Figure Supported Extech meters Technical support for Extech meters Fetching data from external Extech meters You can fetch data from an external Extech meter and merge this data into the result table in the infrared image T638370 a1 INT REL MOIST og q TCONDT A o masa omamis ereou STORE ALARM L secu l Meter Link Moss M0297 a Extech Moisture Meter MO297 Extech Clamp Meter EX845 This support is for Extech meters only For technical support for infrared cameras NOTE This procedure assumes that you have paired the Bluetooth devices and set the functionality of the Save button to Preview Save Procedure Follow this procedure 1 Turn on the camera 2 Turn on the Extech meter Publ No 559772 Rev a593 ENGLISH EN March 16 2012 27 actoolsupply com actoolsupply com 14 Fetching data from external Extech meters On the meter enable Bluetooth mode Refer to the user documentation for the meter for information on how to do this On the meter choose
27. mechanism engages 10759803 a1 34 Publ No T559772 Rev a593 ENGLISH EN March 16 2012 actoolsupply com actoolsupply com 15 Handling the camera 4 Close the cover to the battery compartment 10759903 a1 Publ No T559772 Rev a593 ENGLISH EN March 16 2012 35 actoolsupply com actoolsupply com 15 Handling the camera 15 3 Removing the battery Procedure Follow this procedure to remove the battery 1 Push the release button on the battery compartment cover to unlock it 10759603 a1 2 Open the cover to the battery compartment 10763903 a1 3 Push the red release button in the direction of the arrow to unlock the bat tery 10760003 a2 36 Publ No T559772 Rev a593 ENGLISH EN March 16 2012 actoolsupply com actoolsupply com 15 Handling the camera 4 Pull outthe battery from the battery compartment 10760103 a1 Publ No 1559772 Rev a593 ENGLISH EN March 16 2012 37 actoolsupply com C TOOL actoolsupply com she LY COM 207 1244 15 Handling the camera gt sikencoloncom 15 4 Turning on and turning off the camera To turn on the camera push and release the On Off button To turn off the camera push and release the On Off button 38 Publ No T559772 Rev a593 ENGLISH EN March 16 2012 actoolsupply com actoolsupply com 15 Handling the camera 1
28. menu go to the Mode button and push the joystick On the Mode menu select Settings and push the joystick On the Preferences tab go to Save button and select Always preview Procedure Follow this procedure Make sure that the Bluetooth headset is turned on and paired with the camera Push the Preview Save button fully down e On the toolbar at the bottom of the screen select lil On the menu that is displayed select Voice and push the joystick This will display a voice annotation toolbar Use the joystick to record stop play back the voice annotation Publ No T559772 Rev a593 ENGLISH EN March 16 2012 71 actoolsupply com actoolsupply com 20 Annotating images 20 4 Adding a table General A table with textual information can be saved in an infrared image This feature is a very efficient way of recording information when you are inspecting alarge number of similar objects The idea behind using a table with textual informa tion is to avoid filling out forms or inspection protocols manually Definition of label The concept of table in this particular context is based on two important definitions and value label and value The following examples explains the difference between the two definitions Label examples Value examples Company Company A Company B Company C Building Workshop 1 Workshop 2 Workshop 3 Section Room 1 Room 2 Room 3 Equip
29. only to digital devices subject to 2 1091 2 1093 OET Bulletin 65 Radiofre quency radiation exposure Information The radiated output power of the device is far below the FCC radio frequency exposure limits Nevertheless the device shall be used in such a manner that the potential for human contact during normal operation is minimized Applies only to cameras with laser pointer Do not look directly into the laser beam The laser beam can cause eye irritation Applies only to cameras with battery Do not disassemble or do a modification to the battery The battery contains safety and protection devices which if they become damaged can cause the battery to become hot or cause an explosion or an ignition Publ No 1559772 Rev a593 ENGLISH EN March 16 2012 1 actoolsupply com 1 Warnings amp Cautions actoolsupply com C MOL 207 1244 zaunikencolon com CAUTION lfthere is a leak from the battery and the fluid gets into your eyes do not rub your eyes Flush well with water and immediately get medical care The battery fluid can cause injury to your eyes if you do not do this a Do not continue to charge the battery if it does not become charged in the specified charging time If you continue to charge the battery it can become hot and cause an explosion or ignition Only use the correct equipment to discharge the battery If you do not use the correct equipment you can decrease the performance or th
30. received radiation power W from a blackbody source of temperature Tsource ON short distance generates a camera output signal Uso c that is proportional to the power input power linear camera We can then write Equation 1 120 Publ No T559772 Rev a593 ENGLISH EN March 16 2012 actoolsupply com actoolsupply com 31 The measurement formula U source CW Tuna or with simplified notation U source CW ource where C is a constant Should the source be a graybody with emittance the received radiation would consequently be W ource We are now ready to write the three collected radiation power terms 1 Emission from the object TWop where is the emittance of the object and T is the transmittance of the atmosphere The object temperature is Topj 2 Reflected emission from ambient sources 1 TW ef where 1 is the re flectance of the object The ambient sources have the temperature T e It has here been assumed that the temperature Tam is the same for all emitting surfaces within the halfsphere seen from a point on the object surface This is of course sometimes a simplification ofthe true situation It is however a necessary simplification in order to derive a workable formula and T can at least theoretically be given a value that represents an efficient temperature of a complex surrounding Note also that we have assumed that the emittance for the surroun
31. set the following parameters Rel humidity limit The critical limit of relative humidity that you want to detect in a building structure For example mold will grow in areas where the relative humidity is less than 10096 and you may want to find such areas Rel hum The current relative humidity at the inspection site Atm temp The current atmospheric temperature at the inspection site Setting up an Follow this procedure to set up an isotherm color that is displayed when the camera insulation detects what may be an insulation deficiency in a wall isotherm Push the Menu Back button t On the main menu go to the Tools button and push the joystick ae On the Tools menu select Add isotherm and push the joystick Select Insulation Use the joystick to set the following parameters Inside temp The temperature inside the building you are inspecting Outside temp The temperature outside the building you are inspecting Thermal index The accepted energy loss through the wall Different building codes recommend different values but typical values are 60 80 for new buildings Refer to your national building code for recommenda tions 62 Publ No 1559772 Rev a593 ENGLISH EN March 16 2012 actoolsupply com actoolsupply com 19 Working with measurement tools and isotherms 19 4 Removing measurement tools Procedure Follow this procedure to remove a spotmeter or an area P
32. store liquefied gases for entire days The common thermos bottle used for storing hot and cold drinks is based upon his invention Between the years 1900 and 1920 the inventors of the world discovered the infrared Many patents were issued for devices to detect personnel artillery aircraft ships and even icebergs The first operating systems in the modern sense began to be developed during the 1914 18 war when both sides had research programs devoted to the military exploitation of the infrared These programs included experimental systems for enemy intrusion detection remote temperature sensing secure commu nications and flying torpedo guidance An infrared search system tested during this period was able to detect an approaching airplane at a distance of 1 5 km 0 94 miles or a person more than 300 meters 984 ft away The most sensitive systems up to this time were all based upon variations of the bolometer idea but the period between the two wars saw the development of two revolutionary new infrared detectors the image converter and the photon detector At first the image converter received the greatest attention by the military because it enabled an observer for the first time in history to literally see in the dark However the sensitivity of the image converter was limited to the near infrared wavelengths and the most interesting military targets i e enemy soldiers had to be illuminated by infrared sear
33. temperature of 26 0 C 14 8 F In the right image the maximum and minimum temperature levels have been changed to temperature levels near the isolator This makes it easier to analyze the temperature variations in the isolator 10742503 a3 8 639 C 66 2 C 60 60 40 20 40 o 30 20 20 260 193 C A automatic M manual Publ No T559772 Rev a593 ENGLISH EN March 16 2012 49 actoolsupply com C TOOL actoolsupply com id PLY COM 16 Working with images and folders 207 1244 uaikencolon comy Changing the Follow this procedure to change the temperature scale level temperature scale level Push the A M button repeatedly to select one of the following manual modes Manual EY Manual max ET Manual min EE To change the temperature scale level s move the joystick up down Changing the Follow this procedure to change the temperature scale span temperature scale p m Push the A M button repeatedly to select Manual To change the temperature span move the joystick left right 50 Publ No T559772 Rev a593 ENGLISH EN March 16 2012 actoolsupply com actoolsupply com 16 Working with images and folders 16 7 Hiding overlay graphics General Overlay graphics provide information about an image You can choose to hide some or all overlay graphics Procedure Follow this procedure Push the Menu Back button S On the mai
34. the battery condition indicator see section 9 4 Battery con dition indicator on page 20 32 Publ No T559772 Rev a593 ENGLISH EN March 16 2012 actoolsupply com actoolsupply com 15 Handling the camera 15 1 3 Using the stand alone battery charger to charge the battery Procedure Follow this procedure to use the stand alone battery charger to charge the battery Put the battery in the stand alone battery charger Connect the power supply cable plug to the connector on the stand alone battery charger Connect the power supply mains electricity plug to a mains socket Disconnect the power supply cable plug when the green light of the battery condition indicator is continuous SEE ALSO For information about the battery condition indicator see section 9 4 Battery con dition indicator on page 20 Publ No 559772 Rev a593 ENGLISH EN March 16 2012 33 actoolsupply com actoolsupply com C TOOL PLY COM 15 Handling the camera 207 1244 Mimnikencolon comay 15 2 Inserting the battery NOTE Use a clean dry cloth to remove any water or moisture on the battery before you insert it Procedure Follow this procedure to insert the battery 1 Push the release button on the battery compartment cover to unlock it 10759603 a1 2 Open the cover to the battery compartment 10759703 a1 3 Push the battery into the battery compartment until the battery locking
35. this range it can cause the battery to become hot or to break It can also decrease the performance or the life cycle of the battery The temperature range through which you can discharge the battery is 15 C to 50 C 5 F to 122 F unless specified otherwise in the user documen tation Use of the battery out of this temperature range can decrease the per formance or the life cycle of the battery When the battery is worn apply insulation to the terminals with adhesive tape or similar materials before you discard it Remove any water or moisture on the battery before you install it a Do not apply solvents or similar liquids to the camera the cables or other items This can cause damage Becareful when you clean the infrared lens The lens has a delicate anti reflective coating Do not clean the infrared lens too vigorously This can damage the anti reflective coating In furnace and other high temperature applications you must mount a heatshield on the camera Using the camera in furnace and other high temperature applica tions without a heatshield can cause damage to the camera Applies only to cameras with an automatic shutter that can be disabled Do not disable the automatic shutter in the camera for a prolonged time period typically max 30 minutes Disabling the shutter for a longer time period may harm or ir reparably damage the detector The encapsulation rating is valid only when all opening
36. type of draft is often possible to see with an infrared camera as a cooler airstream cools down the surrounding surface When you are investigating draft in a house there should be sub atmospheric pressure in the house Close all doors windows and ventilation ducts and allow the kitchen fan to run for a while before you take the infrared images An infrared image of draft often shows a typical stream pattern You can see this stream pattern clearly in the picture below Also keep in mind that drafts can be concealed by heat from floor heating circuits The image below shows a ceiling hatch where faulty installation has resulted in a strong draft 10739903 a1 92 Publ No T559772 Rev a593 ENGLISH EN March 16 2012 actoolsupply com actoolsupply com 26 About FLIR Systems FLIR Systems was established in 1978 to pioneer the development of high performance infrared imaging systems and is the world leader in the design manufacture and marketing of thermal imaging systems for a wide variety of commercial industrial and government applications Today FLIR Systems embraces five major companies with outstanding achievements in infrared technology since 1958 the Swedish AGEMA Infrared Systems formerly AGA Infrared Systems the three United States companies Indigo Systems FSI and Inframetrics and the French company Cedip In November 2007 Extech Instruments was acquired by FLIR Systems T638608 a1
37. w3 org XML A note on the typeface used in this publication This publication was typeset using Swiss 721 which is Bitstream s pan European version of the Helvetica typeface Helvetica was designed by Max Miedinger 1910 1980 List of effective files 20235103 xm 20235203 xml 20235303 xm 20236703 xm 20237103 xml 20238503 xm 20238703 xml 20250403 xm 20254903 xml 20257003 xml 20257103 xm 20257303 xml 20279803 xm 20281003 xml 20283703 xm 20283803 xm 20283903 xml 20284003 xm 20284103 xml 20284203 xm 20284303 xml 20284403 xml 20284503 xm 20284703 xml 20284803 xm 20284903 xml 20285103 xm 20285203 xm 20287303 xml 20288603 xm 20288703 xml 20292403 xm 20294903 xm 20295003 xml 20295303 xm R110 rcp a9 config xml a5 a24 a21 alg a57 a10 a9 b8 a21 a75a3 a40 a17 a35 a8 al all a5 a5 a12 a13 all a8 a10 a9 a8 a5 a20 a6 a4 a9 a4 a5 a5 a5 al4 a2 142 Publ No T559772 Rev a593 ENGLISH EN March 16 2012 actoolsupply com actoolsupply com actoolsupply com actoolsupply com
38. wait 5 minutes after you have started the camera before measuring a temperature For cameras where the detector is cooled by a mechanical cooler this time period excludes the time it takes to cool down the detector 10742803 a1 As with most electronic products this equipment must be disposed of in an environ mentally friendly way and in accordance with existing regulations for electronic waste Please contact your FLIR Systems representative for more details Publ No 1559772 Rev a593 ENGLISH EN March 16 2012 Cc actoolsupply com actoolsupply com MiaBikencolon coma General For customer help visit http support flir com Submitting a To submit a question to the customer help team you must be a registered user It question only takes a few minutes to register online If you only want to search the knowledge base for existing questions and answers you do not need to be a registered user When you want to submit a question make sure that you have the following informa tion to hand The camera model The camera serial number The communication protocol or method between the camera and your PC for example HDMI Ethernet USB or FireWire Operating system on your PC Microsoft Office version a Full name publication number and revision number of the manual Downloads On the customer help site you can also download the following Firmware updates for your infrared came
39. world class infrared Publ No T559772 Rev a593 ENGLISH EN March 16 2012 3 actoolsupply com actoolsupply com 1 Warnings amp Cautions training for thermography professionals including GF309 operators For more in formation about obtaining the training and certification you require contact your FLIR sales representative or itc at www infraredtraining com 4 Publ No T559772 Rev a593 ENGLISH EN March 16 2012 actoolsupply com actoolsupply com 2 Typographical conventions User to user forums Calibration Accuracy Disposal of electronic waste Notice to user This manual uses the following typographical conventions Semibold is used for menu names menu commands and labels and buttons in dialog boxes Italic is used for important information Monospace is used for code samples UPPER CASE is used for names on keys and buttons Exchange ideas problems and infrared solutions with fellow thermographers around the world in our user to user forums To go to the forums visit http www infraredtraining com community boards This notice only applies to cameras with measurement capabilities We recommend that you send in the camera for calibration once a year Contact your local sales office for instructions on where to send the camera This notice only applies to cameras with measurement capabilities For very accurate results we recommend that you
40. 0 C 68 F 122 Publ No 1559772 Rev a593 ENGLISH EN March 16 2012 actoolsupply com actoolsupply com 31 The measurement formula It is obvious that measurement of low object temperatures are more critical than measuring high temperatures since the disturbing radiation sources are relatively much stronger in the first case Should also the object emittance be low the situation would be still more difficult We have finally to answer a question about the importance of being allowed to use the calibration curve above the highest calibration point what we call extrapolation Imagine that we in a certain case measure U 4 5 volts The highest calibration point for the camera was in the order of 4 1 volts a value unknown to the operator Thus even if the object happened to be a blackbody i e Uap Ui we are actually performing extrapolation of the calibration curve when converting 4 5 volts into tem perature Let us now assume that the object is not black it has an emittance of 0 75 and the transmittance is 0 92 We also assume that the two second terms of Equation 4 amount to 0 5 volts together Computation of Uopj by means of Equation 4 then results in Uopj 4 5 0 75 0 92 0 5 6 0 This is a rather extreme extrapolation particularly when considering that the video amplifier might limit the output to 5 volts Note though that the application of the calibration curve is a theoretical procedure where no e
41. 0130 Repeat Certification EN473 IT Category 1 ITC PRA 201 1 ITC Practical Course Solar panel inspection attendance 1 pers 2 days ITC PRA 2019 ITC Practical Course Solar panel inspection group up to 10 pers 2 days ITC SOW 0001 ITC Software course attendance 1 pers per day ITC SOW 0009 ITC Software course group up to 10 pers per day ITC SOW 1001 ITC Training FLIR Software attendance 1 pers 1 day ITC SOW 2001 ITC Training FLIR Software attendance 1 pers 2 days ITC TFT 0100 ITC travel time for instructor ITC TOL 1001 Travel and lodging expenses instructor Europe Balcans Turkey Cyprus ITC TOL 1002 Travel and lodging expenses instructor Russia GUS Middle East North Africa ITC TOL 1003 Travel and lodging expenses instructor Center and South Africa ITC TOL 1004 Travel and lodging expenses instructor various ITC TOL 1005 Travel and lodging expenses instructor other T127451 FLIR Reporter Professional license only T197000 High temp option 1200 C 2192 F for FLIR T B2xx to T B4xx and A SC3xx Series T197214 Close up 2x 50 um incl case T197215 Close up 4x 100 um incl case T197408 IR lens 76 mm 6 with case and mounting support for T B 200 400 T197412 IR lens 4 mm 90 with case and mounting support for T B2xx 4xx T197650 2 bay battery charger incl power supply with multi plugs T197667 Battery package T197717 FLIR Reporter Professional DVD T197771 Bluetooth Headset T197965 FLIR
42. 1 pers ITC CER 5209 ITC Level 2 Thermography Course group of 10 pers ITC CER 6101 EN473 IT Certification course Category 1 excl Certification 1 pers ITC CER 6109 EN473 IT Certification course Category 1 excl Certification group up to 10 pers ITC CON 1001 ITC conference fee ITC EXP 0511 ITC Getting Started with Thermography attendance 1 pers ITC EXP 0521 ITC Getting Started with Thermography evening or weekend at tendance 1 pers ITC EXP 1001 ITC Training 1 day attendance 1 pers ITC EXP 1009 ITC Training 1 day group up to 10 pers ITC EXP 1011 ITC Short course Introduction to thermography attendance 1 pers 1 day ITC EXP 1019 ITC Short course Introduction to thermography inclusive 10 pers 1 day ITC EXP 1021 ITC In house training additional attendance 1 pers per day ITC EXP 1029 ITC In house training group up to 10 pers per day ITC EXP 2001 ITC Training 2 days attendance 1 pers ITC EXP 2009 ITC Training 2 days group up to 10 pers ITC EXP 2041 ITC Short course electrical thermography attendance 1 pers 2 days ITC EXP 2049 ITC Short course electrical thermography inclusive 10 pers 2 days ITC EXP 3001 ITC Training 3 days attendance 1 pers Publ No T559772 Rev a593 ENGLISH EN March 16 2012 11 actoolsupply com 7 actoolsupply com Parts lists ITC EXP 3009 ITC Training 3 days group up to 10 pers ITC FEE 0120 Certification EN473 IT Category 1 ITC FEE
43. 5 5 Adjusting the angle of lens General To make your working position as comfortable as possible you can adjust the angle of the lens Figure 10760203 a2 Procedure To adjust the angle tilt the lens up or down Publ No T559772 Rev a593 ENGLISH EN March 16 2012 39 actoolsupply com actoolsupply com 15 Handling the camera 15 6 Attaching the sunshield General You can attach a sunshield to the camera to make the LCD screen easier to see in sunlight Procedure Follow this procedure to attach the sunshield to the camera 1 Align the two front tabs of the sunshield with the corresponding two notches at the top of the screen 10765203 a2 2 Push the front part of the sunshield into position Make sure that the two tabs mate with the corresponding notches 10765303 a2 3 Carefully hold together the two rear wings of the sunshield 10765403 a2 40 Publ No T559772 Rev a593 ENGLISH EN March 16 2012 actoolsupply com actoolsupply com 15 Handling the camera 4 Push the rear part of the sunshield toward the screen and then release your grip Make sure that the two tabs mate with the corresponding notches 10765503 a2 Publ No T559772 Rev a593 ENGLISH EN March 16 2012 41 actoolsupply com actoolsupply com she AOL 207 1244 a mualkencolon com 15 Handling the camera 15 7 Using the laser pointer Figur
44. 72 Rev a593 ENGLISH EN March 16 2012 111 actoolsupply com actoolsupply com 30 Theory of thermography If the temperature of blackbody radiation increases to more than 525 C 977 F the source begins to be visible so that it appears to the eye no longer black This is the incipient red heat temperature of the radiator which then becomes orange or yellow as the temperature increases further In fact the definition of the so called color temperature of an object is the temperature to which a blackbody would have to be heated to have the same appearance Now consider three expressions that describe the radiation emitted from a blackbody 30 3 1 Planck s law 10399203 a1 Figure 30 3 Max Planck 1858 1947 Max Planck 1858 1947 was able to describe the spectral distribution of the radiation from a blackbody by means of the following formula W x 10 Watt m um Blackbody spectral radiant emittance at wavelength A Velocity of light 2 3 x 108 m s Planck s constant 6 6 x 1034 Joule sec Boltzmann s constant 1 4 x 10 23 Joule K Absolute temperature K of a blackbody Wavelength um 112 Publ No T559772 Rev a593 ENGLISH EN March 16 2012 actoolsupply com actoolsupply com 30 Theory of thermography The factor 10 is used since spectral emittance in the curves is expressed in Watt m um Planck s formula when plotted graphically for various temper
45. NOTE The behavior of the Preview Save button can be changed on the Preferences tab Mode gt Settings gt Preferences Publ No T559772 Rev a593 ENGLISH EN March 16 2012 45 actoolsupply com C TOOL actoolsupply com PLY COM 16 Working with images and folders 207 1244 16 4 General Procedure gt aikencolon com Periodically saving an image You can periodically save images to the SD Memory card Follow this procedure to periodically save an image Push the Menu Back button DA On the main menu go to the Mode button and push the joystick On the Mode menu select Program and push the joystick Use the joystick to set the desired parameters These include the following a Duration between images Stop conditions a Manually Number of images Total time duration Push the Menu Back button To start the periodic saving push the Preview Save button fully down To stop the periodic saving push the Preview Save button fully down 46 Publ No T559772 Rev a593 ENGLISH EN March 16 2012 actoolsupply com actoolsupply com 16 Working with images and folders 16 5 Opening an image General When you save an image it is stored on the SD Memory Card To display the image again you can recall it from the SD Memory Card Procedure Follow this procedure Push the Archive button to display a thumbnail view of recently saved im a
46. PT AS PROHIBITED BY LAW MS SHALL HAVE NO LIABILITY FOR ANY INDIRECT SPECIAL CONSEQUENTIAL OR INCIDENTAL DAMAGES ARISING FROM OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR PERFOR MANCE OF THE SOFTWARE THIS LIMITATION SHALL APPLY EVEN IF ANY REMEDY FAILS OF ITS ESSENTIAL PURPOSE IN NO EVENT SHALL MS BE LIABLE FOR ANY AMOUNT IN EXCESS OF U S TWO HUNDRED FIFTY DOLLARS U S 250 00 m Limitations on Reverse Engineering Decompilation and Disassembly You may not reverse engineer decompile or disassemble the SOFTWARE except and only to the extent that such activity is expressly permitted by applicable law notwithstanding this limitation m SOFTWARE TRANSFER ALLOWED BUT WITH RESTRICTIONS You may permanently transfer rights under this EULA only as part of a permanent sale or transfer of the Device and only if the recipient agrees to this EULA If the SOFTWARE is an upgrade any transfer must also include all prior versions of the SOFTWARE EXPORT RESTRICTIONS You acknowledge that SOFTWARE is subject to U S export jurisdiction You agree to comply with all applicable international and national laws that apply to the SOFTWARE including the U S Export Administration Regulations as well as end user end use and destination restrictions issued by U S and other governments For additional information see http www microsoft com exporting Publ No 1559772 Rev a593 ENGLISH EN March 16 2012 actoolsupply com actoolsupply com vi Pu
47. Publ No T559772 Rev a593 ENGLISH EN March 16 2012 actoolsupply com actoolsupply com 27 28 29 30 26 3 Supporting OUr CUSTOMOIS s tere rrt rete nde TEATR EAT 95 26 4 A few images from our facilities ssesseeeeeeeeeetnenetne trennen tntnnnnt retenta 95 CD CR 97 Thermographic measurement techniques sss een 101 284 Introduction nettement eei eres 101 28 2 Emissivity 28 2 4 Finding the emissivity of a sample sse 102 28 2 1 1 Step 1 Determining reflected apparent temperature 102 28 2 1 2 Step 2 Determining the emissivity 104 28 8 Reflected apparent temperature ss 105 28 4 DIStanCe is 2 Sis nikki Ve AA eta eai 105 28 5 Relative humidity 5 teet eet decet ins 105 28 6 Other paramelers 5 2 oon aeneis 105 History of infrared technology sssssssseeeeeeeennenennen enema 106 Theory of thermography 110 30 1 Introduction 110 30 2 The electromagnetic spectrum sssssssssseeeeneeene e enne nnne 110 30 3 Blackbody radiations sienen roses orc ter ee dena ei aria de a aiad 111 30 3 1 Planck S laws ree ne ee en eee tan 112 30 3 2 Wien s displacement law 113 30 3 3 Stefan Boltzmann s law 30 3 4 Non blackbody emitters 115 116 30 4 Infrared semi transparent materials 118 31 The measurement formula
48. TO sin 7 OL LY COM 1244 wzuaaikencolon com User s manual Publ No T559772 Language English EN Issue date March 16 2012 actoolsupply com FLIR Txxx series actoolsupply com actoolsupply com Flir T420 NIST Thermal Imaging Infrared Camera Thermography Flir T440 NIST Thermal Imaging Infrared Camera Thermography Flir T420 KIT 15 Infrared Camera With 15 Degree Lens Flir T420 KIT 45 Infrared Camera With 45 Degree Lens Flir T440 KIT 15 Infrared Camera With 15 Degree Lens Flir T440 KIT 45 Infrared Camera With 45 Degree Lens Flir T420bx NIST Thermal Imaging Infrared Camera Thermography Flir T440bx NIST Thermal Imaging Infrared Camera Thermography Flir T420bx KIT 15 Infrared Camera With 15 Degree Lens Flir T420bx KIT 45 Infrared Camera With 45 Degree Lens Flir T440bx KIT 15 Infrared Camera With 15 Degree Lens Flir T440bx KIT 45 Infrared Camera With 45 Degree Lens FLIR T620 Kit 15 Infrared camera With 15 Degree Lens FLIR T620 KIT 45 Infrared Camer With 45 Degree Lens ELIR T620 Thermal Imager With 45 Degree lens FLIR T620 NIST Thermal Imager With 25 Degree Lens Flir T640 Infrared Camera With 15 Degree Lens Flir T640 Infrared Camera With 45 Degree Lens Flir T640 Infrared Camera With NIST Calibration And 25 Degree Lens Flir T640 Infrared Camera With NIST Calibration And 15 Degree Lens Flir T640 Infrared Camera With NIST Calibration And 45 Degree Lens actoolsu
49. a NOTE For brevity the combined power supply and battery charger is called the power supply below Procedure Follow this procedure to use the power supply to charge the battery when it is inside the camera Open the battery compartment lid Connect the power supply cable plug to the connector on the battery Connect the power supply mains electricity plug to a mains socket Disconnect the power supply cable plug when the green light of the battery condition indicator is continuous SEE ALSO For information about the battery condition indicator see section 9 4 Battery con dition indicator on page 20 Publ No T559772 Rev a593 ENGLISH EN March 16 2012 31 actoolsupply com actoolsupply com 15 Handling the camera 15 1 2 Using the combined power supply and battery charger to charge the battery when it is outside the camera NOTE For brevity the combined power supply and battery charger is called the power supply below Procedure Follow this procedure to use the power supply to charge the battery when it is outside the camera Put the battery on a flat surface Connect the power supply cable plug to the connector on the battery Connect the power supply mains electricity plug to a mains socket Disconnect the power supply cable plug when the green light of the battery condition indicator is continuous SEE ALSO For information about
50. atures produces a family of curves Following any particular Planck curve the spectral emittance is zero at A 0 then increases rapidly to a maximum at a wavelength max and after passing it approaches zero again at very long wavelengths The higher the temperature the shorter the wavelength at which maximum occurs 10327103 a4 Figure 30 4 Blackbody spectral radiant emittance according to Planck s law plotted for various absolute temperatures 1 Spectral radiant emittance W cm x 1093 um 2 Wavelength um 30 3 2 Wien s displacement law By differentiating Planck s formula with respect to A and finding the maximum we have 2898 Aix a um This is Wien s formula after Wilhelm Wien 1864 1928 which expresses mathemati cally the common observation that colors vary from red to orange or yellow as the temperature of a thermal radiator increases The wavelength of the color is the same as the wavelength calculated for Ajax A good approximation of the value of An for a given blackbody temperature is obtained by applying the rule of thumb 3 000 T Publ No T559772 Rev a593 ENGLISH EN March 16 2012 113 actoolsupply com C TOOL PLY COM 207 1244 uaalkencolon com um Thus a very hot star such as Sirius 11 000 K emitting bluish white light radiates with the peak of spectral radiant emittance occurring within the invisible ultraviolet spectrum at wavelength 0 27 um actools
51. bl No T559772 Rev a593 ENGLISH EN March 16 2012 actoolsupply com actoolsupply com Table of contents 1 Warnings amp Cautlons eee dee ep e tei cp dede ve Da Ve D ERA ARA 1 2 Notice to USEN o niin onmino emi eee id ree etr ier en en 5 3 Customer help e tena rca EA da ned D Te verb DATE ae OP dae 6 4 Documentation updates ssssssssseeeeeneeeneneeeneenennenne nnne enn tnnt ens 7 5 Important note about this manual sssssssee eee eene 8 6 Quick Start Gulde tee ee etn e eni e eed pes 9 7 Parts lists enne 10 7 1 Contents of the transport case 10 7 2 BC moet cs 10 8 A note about ergonomics sssssseeeneneennee eene nnne nnne nnne ens 14 9 Camera p ris accensi eee ote nee ie e ene e iet da e deis e be eects HT He XT S 15 9 1 Rear view 15 9 2 Front view as 17 9 8 Bottom view 19 9 4 Battery conditor Indicator cient triti nt nter th retener ines 20 9 5 Laser pointer us uc ie ene ite ete re rte eene E eet eI EA Ure ee mU 21 10 Screen elements e ee ad tea id d dee s TUR Tu RD FR secede 23 11 Navigating the menu system ssssssssssenene enema 24 12 External devices and storage media sss enne 25 13 Pairing Bluetooth devices ssssssssssseeeeeeeeenenennennen nennen nnne nnne 26 14 Fetching data from external Extech meters ss
52. bove 1 Laser pointer button Push to activate the laser pointer 2 This button has two main functions 1 Preview Save Push the button fully down to save an infrared image and a digital photo simultaneously Note The behavior of this button can be changed under Settings to one of the following Preview Save Save directly default a Always preview 2 Autofocus Push the button halfway down to autofocus the camera 3 Focus button Move left right to manually focus the camera 4 Attachment point for the neck strap 5 Video lamp 6 Digital camera lens 7 Release button for additional infrared lenses 8 Laser pointer Publ No T559772 Rev a593 ENGLISH EN March 16 2012 17 actoolsupply com 9 Camera parts actoolsupply com C TOOL PLY COM 207 1244 NOTE alkencolon com 9 Infrared lens The laser pointer may not be enabled in all markets 18 Publ No T559772 Rev a593 ENGLISH EN March 16 2012 actoolsupply com actoolsupply com 9 Camera parts 9 3 Bottom view Figure 10759103 a2 Explanation This table explains the figure above Tripod mount 1 4 20 Release button for the cover to the connector bay Cover for the connector bay Release button for the battery compartment cover Cover for the battery compartment Publ No T559772 Rev a593 ENGLISH EN March 16 2012 19
53. by manually changing certain param eters NETD Noise equivalent temperature difference A measure of the image noise level of an IR camera noise Undesired small disturbance in the infrared image object parameters A set of values describing the circumstances under which the measurement of an object was made and the object itself such as emissivity reflected apparent temperature distance etc object signal A non calibrated value related to the amount of radiation re ceived by the camera from the object 98 Publ No T559772 Rev a593 ENGLISH EN March 16 2012 actoolsupply com actoolsupply com 27 Glossary Term or expression Explanation palette The set of colors used to display an IR image pixel Stands for picture element One single spot in an image radiance Amount of energy emitted from an object per unit of time area and angle W m sr radiant power Amount of energy emitted from an object per unit of time W radiation The process by which electromagnetic energy is emitted by an object or a gas radiator A piece of IR radiating equipment range The current overall temperature measurement limitation of an IR camera Cameras can have several ranges Expressed as two blackbody temperatures that limit the current calibration reference temperature reflection relative humidity A temperature which the ordinary measured values can be compared with Th
54. ccessories and other items or to change specifications at any time without prior notice 7 2 List of accessories This section contains a list of accessories that you can purchase for your camera 1123970 Sun shield 1124544 Neck strap 1124545 Pouch 1196398 Battery 1196818 Lens cap camera 1196895 Hard transport case for FLIR T B2 o 4xx 1196960 IR lens f 2 10 mm 45 incl case 1196961 IR lens f 30 mm 15 incl case 10 Publ No T559772 Rev a593 ENGLISH EN March 16 2012 actoolsupply com actoolsupply com 7 Parts lists 1910423 USB cable Std A lt gt Mini B 1910475 Adapter SD memory card to USB 1910490 Cigarette lighter adapter kit 12 VDC 1 2 m 3 9 ft 1910582 Video cable 19250 100 IR Window 2 in 19251 100 IR Window 3 in 19252 100 IR Window 4 in APP 10000 FLIR Viewer iPad iPhone Application APP 10001 FLIR Remote iPad iPhone Application DSW 10000 FLIR IR Camera Player ITC ADV 3021 ITC Advanced General Thermography Course attendance 1 pers ITC ADV 3029 ITC Advanced General Thermography Course group of 10 pers ITC CER 5101 ITC Level 1 Thermography Course attendance 1 pers ITC CER 5105 ITC Level 1 Thermography Course additional student to on site class 1 pers ITC CER 5109 ITC Level 1 Thermography Course group of 10 pers ITC CER 5201 ITC Level 2 Thermography Course attendance 1 pers ITC CER 5205 ITC Level 2 Thermography Course additional student to on site class
55. ch beams Since this involved the risk of giving away the observer s position to a similarly equipped enemy observer it is understandable that military interest in the image converter eventually faded The tactical military disadvantages of so called active i e search beam equipped thermal imaging systems provided impetus following the 1939 45 war for extensive secret military infrared research programs into the possibilities of developing passive no search beam systems around the extremely sensitive photon detector During this period military secrecy regulations completely prevented disclosure of the status of infrared imaging technology This secrecy only began to be lifted in the middle of the 1950 s and from that time adequate thermal imaging devices finally began to be available to civilian science and industry Publ No T559772 Rev a593 ENGLISH EN March 16 2012 109 actoolsupply com C TOOL actoolsupply com 30 Theory of thermography 30 1 Introduction The subjects of infrared radiation and the related technique of thermography are still new to many who will use an infrared camera In this section the theory behind ther mography will be given 30 2 The electromagnetic spectrum The electromagnetic spectrum is divided arbitrarily into a number of wavelength re gions called bands distinguished by the methods used to produce and detect the radiation There is no fundamental difference between radiation
56. d in infrared Picture in Picture An infrared image frame is displayed on top of the digital photo 54 Publ No T559772 Rev a593 ENGLISH EN March 16 2012 actoolsupply com actoolsupply com 17 Working with fusion Image examples This table explains the four different types of fusion Fusion type Interval Picture in Picture Publ No 559772 Rev a593 ENGLISH EN March 16 2012 55 actoolsupply com actoolsupply com 17 Working with fusion Procedure Follow this procedure to set up a fusion type Push the Mode button to select one of the following Thermal fusion a Picture in Picture Push the A M button to select one of the following a Below ET Interval This step applies to Thermal fusion Do one or more of the following If you chose Above or Below move the joystick up or down to adjust the temperature level The temperature level that you set will be the level beyond which the infrared image will be displayed as a visual photo If you chose Interval do one or more of the following Push the joystick up down to move the interval up down Push the joystick left right to increase decrease the interval The temperature levels that you set will be the level beyond which the infrared image will be displayed as a visual photo This step applies to Picture in Picture Do one or more of the following f you c
57. d time Date format Time format Temperature unit Distance unit Procedure Follow this procedure to change one or more of the aforementioned settings Push the Menu Back button FS On the main menu go to the Mode button and push the joystick On the Mode menu select Settings and push the joystick On the Regional tab go to the setting that you want to change Push the joystick Move the joystick up down to select a new value Push the joystick to confirm Publ No T559772 Rev a593 ENGLISH EN March 16 2012 79 actoolsupply com actoolsupply com 22 Cleaning the camera 22 1 Camera housing cables and other items Liquids Use one of these liquids a Warm water a A weak detergent solution Equipment A soft cloth Procedure Follow this procedure Soak the cloth in the liquid Twist the cloth to remove excess liquid Clean the part with the cloth CAUTION Do not apply solvents or similar liquids to the camera the cables or other items This can cause damage 80 Publ No T559772 Rev a593 ENGLISH EN March 16 2012 actoolsupply com actoolsupply com 22 Cleaning the camera 22 2 Infrared lens Liquids Use one of these liquids 96 isopropyl alcohol a A commercial lens cleaning liquid with more than 30 isopropyl alcohol Equipment Cotton wool Procedure Follow this procedure Soak the cotton wool in the liquid T
58. de button a and push the joystick On the Mode menu select Settings and push the joystick On the Preferences tab go to Save button and select Always preview Procedure Follow this procedure Push the Preview Save button fully down On the toolbar at the bottom of the screen select On the menu that is displayed select Text and push the joystick This will display a keyboard on the screen Type the text that you want to add then click OK or push the joystick 74 Publ No T559772 Rev a593 ENGLISH EN March 16 2012 actoolsupply com actoolsupply com 20 Annotating images 20 6 Adding a sketch General A sketch is freehand drawing that you create on a drawing board separate from the infrared image using your index finger or a stylus pen You can use the sketch feature to create a simple drawing write down comments dimensions etc NOTE This section assumes that the camera is configured to always preview an image before saving it to the memory card To configure the camera to always preview follow this procedure Push the Menu Back button sya On the main menu go to the Mode button and push the joystick On the Mode menu select Settings and push the joystick On the Preferences tab go to Save button and select Always preview Procedure Follow this procedure Push the Preview Save button fully down SJ On the toolbar at the bottom of the screen select inal On the menu that i
59. dings 1 This is correct in accordance with Kirchhoff s law All radiation impinging on the surrounding surfaces will eventually be absorbed by the same surfaces Thus the emittance 1 Note though that the latest discussion requires the complete sphere around the object to be considered 3 Emission from the atmosphere 1 T TWatm where 1 T is the emittance of the atmosphere The temperature of the atmosphere is Tq The total received radiation power can now be written Equation 2 Wir ETW wj d TW en T i T W atm We multiply each term by the constant C of Equation 1 and replace the CW products by the corresponding U according to the same equation and get Equation 3 U eTU 1 mi TU son sr 1 v T U iri tot obj Solve Equation 3 for Up Equation 4 Publ No T559772 Rev a593 ENGLISH EN March 16 2012 121 actoolsupply com C TOOL actoolsupply com PLY COM 31 The measurement formula 207 1244 aikencolon com 1 l e amp l T Uo j U sot U in U otm This is the general measurement formula used in all the FLIR Systems thermographic equipment The voltages of the formula are Figure 31 2 Voltages Calculated camera output voltage for a blackbody of temperature Tj i e a voltage that can be directly converted into true requested object temperature Measured camera output voltage for the actual case Theoretical camera output voltage for a blackbody
60. e 10760303 a2 Procedure Follow this procedure to use the laser pointer To turn on the laser pointer push and hold the laser pointer button To turn off the laser pointer release the laser pointer button NOTE The laser pointer may not be enabled in all markets 42 Publ No T559772 Rev a593 ENGLISH EN March 16 2012 actoolsupply com actoolsupply com 16 Working with images and folders 16 1 Adjusting the infrared camera focus Procedure To adjust the infrared camera focus do one of the following Push the focus button left for far focus Pushthe focus button right for near focus Push the Preview Save button halfway down to autofocus the camera NOTE It is important that you hold the camera steady while autofocusing Publ No T559772 Rev a593 ENGLISH EN March 16 2012 438 actoolsupply com actoolsupply com 16 Working with images and folders 16 2 General Procedure Previewing an image In preview mode you can add various types of annotations to the image before you save it such as a text a table with textual information a voice comment a sketch etc You do this by selecting the type of annotation on the toolbar that is automatically displayed when you preview an image In preview mode you can also check that the image contains the required information before you save it to the SD Memory Card Follow this procedure When the camera l
61. e amount of radiation reflected by an object relative to the received radiation A number between 0 and 1 Relative humidity represents the ratio between the current water vapour mass in the air and the maximum it may contain in satu ration conditions saturation color span spectral radiant emittance temperature difference or difference of temperature temperature range The areas that contain temperatures outside the present lev el span settings are colored with the saturation colors The sat uration colors contain an overflow color and an underflow color There is also a third red saturation color that marks every thing saturated by the detector indicating that the range should probably be changed The interval of the temperature scale usually expressed as a signal value Amount of energy emitted from an object per unit of time area and wavelength W m um A value which is the result of a subtraction between two temper ature values The current overall temperature measurement limitation of an IR camera Cameras can have several ranges Expressed as two blackbody temperatures that limit the current calibration temperature scale thermogram The way in which an IR image currently is displayed Expressed as two temperature values limiting the colors infrared image Publ No T559772 Rev a593 ENGLISH EN March 16 2012 99 actoolsupply com actoolsupply com 27 Glossar
62. e battery for four hours Insert the battery into the camera Insert an SD Memory Card into the card slot at the bottom of the camera Push the On Off button to turn on the camera Allow 45 seconds for the startup sequence Aim the camera toward your target of interest Push the Preview Save button halfway down to autofocus the camera Push the Preview Save button fully down to save an image Do one of the following Removethe SD Memory Card and insert it into a card reader connected to a computer Connect a computer to the camera using a USB Mini B cable Move the image from the card or camera using a drag and drop operation Publ No T559772 Rev a593 ENGLISH EN March 16 2012 9 actoolsupply com sib TEOL actoolsupply com 207 1244 gt aikencolon com 7 Parts lists 7 1 Contents of the transport case Battery 2 ea Battery charger Bluetooth headset Calibration certificate Camera lens cap Downloads brochure FLIR ResearchlR software FLIR Tools software Hard transport case Infrared camera with lens Memory card Neckstrap Power supply incl multi plugs Printed Getting Started Guide Printed Important Information Guide Service amp training brochure Sunshield USB cable User documentation CD ROM Video cable Warranty extension card The inclusion of this item is dependent on model NOTE FLIR Systems reserves the right to discontinue models parts or a
63. e life cycle of the battery If you do not use the correct equipment an incorrect flow of current to the battery can occur This can cause the battery to become hot or cause an explosion and injury to persons Make sure that you read all applicable MSDS Material Safety Data Sheets and warning labels on containers before you use a liquid the liquids can be dangerous If mounting the A3xx pt A3xx f series camera on a pole tower or any elevated lo cation use industry standard safe practices to avoid injuries Do not point the infrared camera with or without the lens cover at intensive energy Sources for example devices that emit laser radiation or the sun This can have an unwanted effect on the accuracy of the camera It can also cause damage to the detector in the camera Do not use the camera in a temperature higher than 50 C 122 F unless specified otherwise in the user documentation High temperatures can cause damage to the camera Applies only to cameras with laser pointer Protect the laser pointer with the protective cap when you do not operate the laser pointer Applies only to cameras with battery Do not attach the batteries directly to a car s cigarette lighter socket unless a specific adapter for connecting the batteries to a cigarette lighter socket is provided by FLIR Systems Do not connect the positive terminal and the negative terminal of the battery to each other with a metal object such as wire
64. e piece of cardboard in front of the object you want to measure Make sure that the side with aluminum foil points to the camera 4 Set the emissivity to 1 0 Publ No T559772 Rev a593 ENGLISH EN March 16 2012 103 actoolsupply com actoolsupply com 28 Thermographic measurement techniques Measure the apparent temperature of the aluminum foil and write it down 10727003 a2 Figure 28 4 Measuring the apparent temperature of the aluminum foil 2 Step 2 Determining the emissivity Select a place to put the sample Determine and set reflected apparent temperature according to the previous procedure Put a piece of electrical tape with known high emissivity on the sample Heat the sample at least 20 K above room temperature Heating must be reasonably even Focus and auto adjust the camera and freeze the image Adjust Level and Span for best image brightness and contrast Set emissivity to that of the tape usually 0 97 Measure the temperature of the tape using one of the following measurement functions Isotherm helps you to determine both the temperature and how evenly you have heated the sample Spot simpler Box Avg good for surfaces with varying emissivity Write down the temperature Move your measurement function to the sample surface Change the emissivity setting until you read the same temperature as your previous measure ment N
65. eaves the factory it is configured to save an image di rectly without previewing To enable previewing do the following 1 Push the Menu Back button 7 D 2 On the main menu go to the Mode button and push the joystick 3 On the Mode menu select Settings and push the joystick 4 On the Preferences tab go to Save button and select Always preview To preview an image push the Preview Save button fully down 44 Publ No T559772 Rev a593 ENGLISH EN March 16 2012 actoolsupply com actoolsupply com 16 Working with images and folders 16 3 General Formatting memory cards Image capacity Saving an image You can save one or more images to the SD Memory Card For best performance memory cards should be formatted to the FAT FAT16 file system Using FAT32 formatted memory cards may result in inferior performance To format a memory card to FAT FAT16 follow this procedure Insert the memory card into a card reader that is connected to your com puter In Windows Explorer select My Computer and right click the memory card Select Format Under File system select FAT Click Start This table gives information on the approximate number of images that can be saved on SD Memory Cards Card size No voice annotation Incl 30 seconds voice annotation Procedure To save an image without previewing push the Preview Save button fully down
66. ed and a fraction T may be transmitted Since all of these factors are more or less wavelength dependent the subscript A is used to imply the spectral depen dence of their definitions Thus The spectral absorptance a the ratio of the spectral radiant power absorbed by an object to that incident upon it The spectral reflectance p the ratio of the spectral radiant power reflected by an object to that incident upon it The spectral transmittance T the ratio of the spectral radiant power transmitted through an object to that incident upon it The sum of these three factors must always add up to the whole at any wavelength so we have the relation 0 py tT 1 116 Publ No T559772 Rev a593 ENGLISH EN March 16 2012 actoolsupply com actoolsupply com 30 Theory of thermography For opaque materials T 0 and the relation simplifies to o t p l Another factor called the emissivity is required to describe the fraction e of the radiant emittance of a blackbody produced by an object at a specific temperature Thus we have the definition The spectral emissivity the ratio of the spectral radiant power from an object to that from a blackbody at the same temperature and wavelength Expressed mathematically this can be written as the ratio of the spectral emittance of the object to that of a blackbody as follows y Wy Generally speaking there are three types of radiation source dis
67. emperature For accurate measurements you must set the object parameters See section 19 7 Changing object parameters on page 66 58 Publ No T559772 Rev a593 ENGLISH EN March 16 2012 actoolsupply com actoolsupply com 19 Working with measurement tools and isotherms 19 2 Setting up a difference calculation General You can let the camera calculate the temperature difference between for example a spotmeter and an area This assumes that you have previously set up at least two measurement tools Procedure Follow this procedure to set up a difference calculation Push the Menu Back button t On the main menu go to the Tools button and push the joystick Ay On the Tools menu select Add difference m This will display a dialog box where you can select the two measurement tools from which you want to calculate the difference Push the joystick to confirm the choice Publ No T559772 Rev a593 ENGLISH EN March 16 2012 59 actoolsupply com actoolsupply com 19 Working with measurement tools and isotherms 19 3 Setting up isotherms General You can make the camera display an isotherm color when certain measurement conditions are met The following isotherms can be set up An isotherm color that is displayed when a temperature rises above a preset value Anisotherm color that is displayed when a temperature falls below a preset value Anisotherm
68. f innovation in the infrared camera industry We an ticipate market demand by constantly improving our existing cameras and developing new ones The company has set milestones in product design and development such as the introduction of the first battery operated portable camera for industrial inspec tions and the first uncooled infrared camera to mention just two innovations 10722703 a2 Figure 26 2 LEFT Thermovision amp Model 661 from 1969 The camera weighed approximately 25 kg 55 Ib the oscilloscope 20 kg 44 Ib and the tripod 15 kg 33 Ib The operator also needed a 220 VAC generator set and a 10 L 2 6 US gallon jar with liquid nitrogen To the left of the oscilloscope the Polaroid attachment 6 kg 13 Ib can be seen RIGHT FLIR i7 from 2009 Weight 0 34 kg 0 75 Ib including the battery FLIR Systems manufactures all vital mechanical and electronic components of the camera systems itself From detector design and manufacturing to lenses and system electronics to final testing and calibration all production steps are carried out and supervised by our own engineers The in depth expertise of these infrared specialists ensures the accuracy and reliability of all vital components that are assembled into your infrared camera 26 1 More than just an infrared camera At FLIR Systems we recognize that our job is to go beyond just producing the best infrared camera systems We are committed to enabling all users of our i
69. fuse s ceramic material 10739703 a1 90 Publ No T559772 Rev a593 ENGLISH EN March 16 2012 actoolsupply com actoolsupply com 25 Application examples 25 4 Insulation deficiencies General Insulation deficiencies may result from insulation losing volume over the course of time and thereby not entirely filling the cavity in a frame wall An infrared camera allows you to see these insulation deficiencies because they either have a different heat conduction property than sections with correctly installed insu lation and or show the area where air is penetrating the frame of the building NOTE When you are inspecting a building the temperature difference between the inside and outside should be at least 10 C 18 F Studs water pipes concrete columns and similar components may resemble an insulation deficiency in an infrared image Minor differences may also occur naturally Figure In the image below insulation in the roof framing is lacking Due to the absence of insulation air has forced its way into the roof structure which thus takes on a different characteristic appearance in the infrared image 10739803 a1 Publ No 1559772 Rev a593 ENGLISH EN March 16 2012 91 actoolsupply com actoolsupply com 25 Application examples 25 5 General NOTE Figure Draft Draft can be found under baseboards around door and window casings and above ceiling trim This
70. g solar obser vations While testing different samples of colored glass which gave similar reductions in brightness he was intrigued to find that some of the samples passed very little of the sun s heat while others passed so much heat that he risked eye damage after only a few seconds observation Herschel was soon convinced of the necessity of setting up a systematic experiment with the objective of finding a single material that would give the desired reduction in brightness as well as the maximum reduction in heat He began the experiment by actually repeating Newton s prism experiment but looking for the heating effect rather than the visual distribution of intensity in the spectrum He first blackened the bulb of a sensitive mercury in glass thermometer with ink and with this as his radiation de tector he proceeded to test the heating effect of the various colors of the spectrum formed on the top of a table by passing sunlight through a glass prism Other ther mometers placed outside the sun s rays served as controls As the blackened thermometer was moved slowly along the colors of the spectrum the temperature readings showed a steady increase from the violet end to the red end This was not entirely unexpected since the Italian researcher Landriani in a similar experiment in 1777 had observed much the same effect It was Herschel 106 Publ No T559772 Rev a593 ENGLISH EN March 16 2012 actoolsupply com actoolsuppl
71. ges Move the joystick left right or up down to select a specific image Push the joystick to display the image NOTE To leave archive mode push the Archive button Publ No T559772 Rev a593 ENGLISH EN March 16 2012 47 actoolsupply com actoolsupply com 16 Working with images and folders 16 6 Adjusting an image manually General An image can be adjusted automatically or manually You use the A M button to switch between these two modes Example 1 This figure shows two infrared images of cable connection points In the left image a correct analysis of the circled cable is difficult if you only auto adjust the image You can analyze this cable in more detail if you a change the temperature scale level change the temperature scale span In the left image the image is auto adjusted In the right image the maximum and minimum temperature levels have been changed to temperature levels near the object On the temperature scale to the right of each image you can see how the temperature levels were changed 10577503 a2 60 6 C 60 55 50 45 40 1 C A automatic M manual 48 Publ No T559772 Rev a593 ENGLISH EN March 16 2012 actoolsupply com actoolsupply com 16 Working with images and folders Example 2 This figure shows two infrared images of an isolator in a power line In the left image the cold sky and the power line structure are recorded at a minimum
72. he interval A 0 to Amax is only 25 ofthe total which represents about the amount of the sun s radiation which lies inside the visible light spectrum Publ No 1559772 Rev a593 ENGLISH EN March 16 2012 115 actoolsupply com actoolsupply com 30 Theory of thermography 10399303 a1 Figure 30 7 Josef Stefan 1835 1893 and Ludwig Boltzmann 1844 1906 Using the Stefan Boltzmann formula to calculate the power radiated by the human body at a temperature of 300 K and an external surface area of approx 2 m we obtain 1 kW This power loss could not be sustained if it were not for the compensating absorption of radiation from surrounding surfaces at room temperatures which do not vary too drastically from the temperature of the body or of course the addition of clothing 30 3 4 Non blackbody emitters So far only blackbody radiators and blackbody radiation have been discussed However real objects almost never comply with these laws over an extended wave length region although they may approach the blackbody behavior in certain spectral intervals For example a certain type of white paint may appear perfectly white in the visible light spectrum but becomes distinctly gray at about 2 um and beyond 3 um it is almost black There are three processes which can occur that prevent a real object from acting like a blackbody a fraction of the incident radiation a may be absorbed a fraction p may be reflect
73. heat picture became possible in 1840 the result of work by Sir John Herschel son of the discoverer of the infrared and a famous astronomer in his own right Based upon the differential evaporation of a thin film of oil when exposed to a heat pattern focused upon it the thermal image could be seen by reflected light where the interference effects of the oil film made the image visible to the eye Sir John also managed to obtain a primitive record of the thermal image on paper which he called a thermograph 10399003 a2 Figure 29 4 Samuel P Langley 1834 1906 108 Publ No T559772 Rev a593 ENGLISH EN March 16 2012 actoolsupply com actoolsupply com 29 History of infrared technology The improvement of infrared detector sensitivity progressed slowly Another major breakthrough made by Langley in 1880 was the invention of the bolometer This consisted of a thin blackened strip of platinum connected in one arm of a Wheatstone bridge circuit upon which the infrared radiation was focused and to which a sensitive galvanometer responded This instrument is said to have been able to detect the heat from a cow at a distance of 400 meters An English scientist Sir James Dewar first introduced the use of liquefied gases as cooling agents such as liquid nitrogen with a temperature of 196 C 320 8 F in low temperature research In 1892 he invented a unique vacuum insulating container in which it is possible to
74. hose Above or Below move the joystick up or down to adjust the temperature level in the infrared portion of the image If you chose Interval do one or more of the following a Push the joystick up down to move the temperature interval up down in the infrared portion of the image Push the joystick left right to increase decrease the temperature inter val in the infrared portion of the image To deactivate Fusion push the Mode button to select Thermal camera 56 Publ No 1559772 Rev a593 ENGLISH EN March 16 2012 actoolsupply com actoolsupply com 18 Recording video clips General You can record non radiometric infrared or visual video clips In this mode the camera can be regarded as an ordinary digital video camera The video clips can be played back in Windows Media Player but it will not be pos sible to retrieve radiometric information from the video clips Procedure Follow this procedure to record a video clip Push the Menu Back button ES On the main menu go to the Mode button and push the joystick On the Mode menu select Video and push the joystick This will display a notification indicating that the recording has started To stop the video recording push the joystick again When you stop the video recording you can play back the recording in the camera using the tools on the video recording toolbar NOTE a You can only view the most recently recorded video clips
75. iddle part is displayed as an infrared image and the outer frame as a visual image MSX Multi Spectral Dynamic Imaging Using this mode the camera captures infrared images where the edges of the objects are enhanced A M button This button has two main functions 1 Push to switch between automatic and manual adjustment modes The manual adjustment modes that can be selected are the following a Manual Using this mode the top and bottom temperature levels in the scale can be changed simultaneously by pushing the joystick up down The temperature span can be changed by pushing the joy stick left right a Manual min Using this mode the bottom temperature level in the scale can be changed by pushing the joystick up down while the top temperature level remains fixed Manual max Using this mode the top temperature level in the scale can be changed by pushing the joystick up down while the bottom temperature level remains fixed 2 Push and hold the button until you hear a clicking sound to autoadjust the image 10 Archive button Push to open close the image gallery On Off button Push to turn on turn off the camera Allow 45 seconds for the startup sequence 11 Hand strap 16 Publ No T559772 Rev a593 ENGLISH EN March 16 2012 actoolsupply com actoolsupply com 9 Camera parts 9 2 Front view Figure 10759003 a2 Explanation This table explains the figure a
76. ilament 3300 T 0 39 1 Varnish flat 20 SW 0 93 6 Varnish on oak parquet 70 LW 0 90 0 93 9 floor Varnish on oak parquet 70 SW 0 90 9 floor Wallpaper slight pattern light 20 SW 0 85 6 gray Wallpaper slight pattern red 20 SW 0 90 6 Water distilled 20 T 0 96 2 Water frost crystals 10 T 0 98 2 Water ice covered with 0 T 0 98 1 heavy frost Water ice smooth 10 T 0 96 2 Water ice smooth 0 T 0 97 1 Water layer gt 0 1 mm 0 100 T 0 95 0 98 1 thick Water Snow T 0 8 1 Water Snow 10 T 0 85 2 Wood 17 SW 0 98 5 Wood 19 LLW 0 962 8 Wood ground T 0 5 0 7 1 140 Publ No T559772 Rev a593 ENGLISH EN March 16 2012 actoolsupply com actoolsupply com 32 Emissivity tables pine 4 different 0 81 0 89 samples pine 4 different 70 0 67 0 75 samples planed 20 0 8 0 9 planed oak 20 0 90 planed oak 70 0 88 planed oak 70 plywood smooth 36 0 82 dry plywood untreat 20 0 83 ed white damp 20 0 7 0 8 oxidized at 400 C 400 0 11 oxidized surface 1000 1200 0 50 0 60 polished 200 300 0 04 0 05 sheet 50 0 20 Publ No T559772 Rev a593 ENGLISH EN March 16 2012 141 actoolsupply com actoolsupply com A note on the technical production of this publication This publication was produced using XML the eXtensible Markup Language For more information about XML please visit http www
77. in the different bands of the electromagnetic spectrum They are all governed by the same laws and the only differences are those due to differences in wavelength 10067803 a1 100m 1km 10nm 10mm 100mm 1m 10m 2um 13 um Figure 30 1 The electromagnetic spectrum 1 X ray 2 UV 3 Visible 4 IR 5 Microwaves 6 Radiowaves Thermography makes use of the infrared spectral band At the short wavelength end the boundary lies at the limit of visual perception in the deep red At the long wave length end it merges with the microwave radio wavelengths in the millimeter range The infrared band is often further subdivided into four smaller bands the boundaries of which are also arbitrarily chosen They include the near infrared 0 75 3 um the middle infrared 3 6 um the far infrared 6 15 um and the extreme infrared 15 100 110 Publ No T559772 Rev a593 ENGLISH EN March 16 2012 actoolsupply com actoolsupply com 30 Theory of thermography um Although the wavelengths are given in um micrometers other units are often still used to measure wavelength in this spectral region e g nanometer nm and ngstr m A The relationships between the different wavelength measurements is 10000 A 1 000 nm 1 p 1 pm 30 3 Blackbody radiation A blackbody is defined as an object which absorbs all radiation that impinges on it at any wavelength The apparent misnomer black relating to an ob
78. ject emitting radia tion is explained by Kirchhoff s Law after Gustav Robert Kirchhoff 1824 1887 which states that a body capable of absorbing all radiation at any wavelength is equally capable in the emission of radiation 10398803 a1 Figure 30 2 Gustav Robert Kirchhoff 1824 1887 The construction of a blackbody source is in principle very simple The radiation characteristics of an aperture in an isotherm cavity made of an opaque absorbing material represents almost exactly the properties of a blackbody A practical application ofthe principle to the construction of a perfect absorber of radiation consists of a box that is light tight except for an aperture in one of the sides Any radiation which then enters the hole is scattered and absorbed by repeated reflections so only an infinites imal fraction can possibly escape The blackness which is obtained at the aperture is nearly equal to a blackbody and almost perfect for all wavelengths By providing such an isothermal cavity with a suitable heater it becomes what is termed a cavity radiator An isothermal cavity heated to a uniform temperature gener ates blackbody radiation the characteristics of which are determined solely by the temperature of the cavity Such cavity radiators are commonly used as sources of radiation in temperature reference standards in the laboratory for calibrating thermo graphic instruments such as a FLIR Systems camera for example Publ No T5597
79. just the angle of the lens to suit your work position a When you hold the camera make sure that you support the camera housing with your left hand too This decreases the strain on your right hand Fi g ure 10758503 a2 10758603 a2 10758803 a2 10758703 a2 14 Publ No T559772 Rev a593 ENGLISH EN March 16 2012 actoolsupply com actoolsupply com 9 Camera parts 9 1 Rear view Figure 10758903 a2 Explanation This table explains the figure above 1 Touch screen LCD 2 Antenna for wireless communication 3 Digital zoom button 4 Programmable button 5 Joystick Move up down or left right to navigate on menus in dialog boxes and in the image archive Push to confirm choices 6 Menu Back button Push to display the menu on the screen and to go back in dialog boxes Publ No 559772 Rev a593 ENGLISH EN March 16 2012 15 actoolsupply com 9 Camera parts actoolsupply com Mode button Push to display the mode selector and select a camera mode The modes that can be selected are Thermal camera Using this mode the camera captures infrared images Digital camera Using this mode the camera captures visual images Thermal fusion Using this mode the camera captures an image where some parts are displayed as an infrared image and some parts as a vi sual image depending on the temperature Picture in Picture Using this mode the camera captures an image where the m
80. lec tronic or other limitations exist We trust that if there had been no signal limitations in the camera and if it had been calibrated far beyond 5 volts the resulting curve would have been very much the same as our real curve extrapolated beyond 4 1 volts pro vided the calibration algorithm is based on radiation physics like the FLIR Systems algorithm Of course there must be a limit to such extrapolations Publ No T559772 Rev a593 ENGLISH EN March 16 2012 123 actoolsupply com actoolsupply com 31 The measurement formula Ge 10400603 a2 1 0 C 32 F 20 C 68 F 50 C 122 F At 0 6 Atm ad A Figure 31 3 Relative magnitudes of radiation sources under varying measurement conditions SW camera 1 Object temperature 2 Emittance Obj Object radiation Refl Reflected radiation Atm atmosphere radiation Fixed parameters T 0 88 T ef 20 C 68 F Tatm 20 C 68 F 124 Publ No T559772 Rev a593 ENGLISH EN March 16 2012 actoolsupply com actoolsupply com 31 The measurement formula 10400703 a2 1 0 C 32 F 20 C 68 F 50 C 122 F d DD 22d D Figure 31 4 Relative magnitudes of radiation sources under varying measurement conditions LW camera 1 Object temperature 2 Emittance Obj Object radiation Refl Reflected radiation Atm atmosphere radiation Fixed parameters T 0 88 T ef 20 C 68
81. llow this procedure to set up an isotherm color that is displayed when a temperature interval isotherm is between two preset values 1 Push the Menu Back button i On the main menu go to the Tools button and push the joystick 60 Publ No T559772 Rev a593 ENGLISH EN March 16 2012 actoolsupply com actoolsupply com 19 Working with measurement tools and isotherms ane On the Tools menu select Add isotherm and push the joystick 4 Select Interval 5 Do one of the following a Move the joystick up down to set the temperature levels between which you want the isotherm color to be displayed Move the joystick left right to set the temperature span within which you want the isotherm color to be displayed The screen will now display the isotherm color when the temperature is between the set temperature levels Publ No 1559772 Rev a593 ENGLISH EN March 16 2012 61 actoolsupply com C TOOL actoolsupply com sie LY COM 19 Working with measurement tools and isotherms Setting up a Follow this procedure to set up an isotherm color that is displayed when the camera humidity isotherm detects an area where there may be a risk of humidity in a building structure Push the Menu Back button S On the main menu go to the Tools button and push the joystick m On the Tools menu select Add isotherm and push the joystick Select Humidity Use the joystick to
82. ment Tool 1 Tool 1 Tool 3 Recommendation Recommendation 1 Recommendation 2 Recommendation 3 Procedure Follow this procedure 1 Push the Preview Save button fully down On the toolbar at the bottom of the screen select 72 Publ No 1559772 Rev a593 ENGLISH EN March 16 2012 actoolsupply com actoolsupply com 20 Annotating images On the menu that is displayed select Table and push the joystick This will display a tabular form T639496 a1 ObjectID Deviation Remedy Use the joystick to select one of the labels e g Site Location Object then push the joystick This will display a dialog box where you can create new or edit existing values T639497 a1 Enter new value for Site fe New E edt up Delete 4 Carry out the changes that you want to do then click OK or push the joy stick 73 Publ No 1559772 Rev a593 ENGLISH EN March 16 2012 actoolsupply com C TOOL actoolsupply com PLYCOM 20 Annotating images 201 1244 uitanikencolon com 20 5 Adding an text General You can add a free text description that is saved in the infrared image NOTE This section assumes that the camera is configured to always preview an image before saving it to the memory card To configure the camera to always preview follow this procedure Push the Menu Back button yai On the main menu go to the Mo
83. meone who does not speak your language 26 4 A few images from our facilities 10401303 a1 Figure 26 3 LEFT Development of system electronics RIGHT Testing of an FPA detector Publ No 1559772 Rev a593 ENGLISH EN March 16 2012 95 actoolsupply com actoolsupply com 26 About FLIR Systems 10401403 a1 Figure 26 4 LEFT Diamond turning machine RIGHT Lens polishing 10401503 a1 Figure 26 5 LEFT Testing of infrared cameras in the climatic chamber RIGHT Robot used for camera testing and calibration 96 Publ No T559772 Rev a593 ENGLISH EN March 16 2012 actoolsupply com actoolsupply com 27 Term or expression Glossary Explanation absorption absorption factor The amount of radiation absorbed by an object relative to the received radiation A number between 0 and 1 atmosphere The gases between the object being measured and the camera normally air autoadjust A function making a camera perform an internal image correc tion autopalette The IR image is shown with an uneven spread of colors display ing cold objects as well as hot ones at the same time blackbody Totally non reflective object All its radiation is due to its own temperature blackbody radiator calculated atmospheric transmission cavity radiator color temperature An IR radiating equipment with blackbody properties used to calibrate IR cameras Atransmission value c
84. midity can nor mally be left at a default value of 5096 28 6 Other parameters In addition some cameras and analysis programs from FLIR Systems allow you to compensate for the following parameters Atmospheric temperature i e the temperature of the atmosphere between the camera and the target External optics temperature i e the temperature of any external lenses or windows used in front of the camera External optics transmittance i e the transmission of any external lenses or win dows used in front of the camera Publ No T559772 Rev a593 ENGLISH EN March 16 2012 105 actoolsupply com C TOOL Ma sikencolon com PLYCOM actoolsupply com 207 1244 29 History of infrared technology Before the year 1800 the existence of the infrared portion of the electromagnetic spectrum wasn t even suspected The original significance of the infrared spectrum or simply the infrared as it is often called as a form of heat radiation is perhaps less obvious today than it was at the time of its discovery by Herschel in 1800 10398703 a1 Figure 29 1 Sir William Herschel 1738 1822 The discovery was made accidentally during the search for a new optical material Sir William Herschel Royal Astronomer to King George III of England and already famous for his discovery of the planet Uranus was searching for an optical filter material to reduce the brightness of the sun s image in telescopes durin
85. n menu go to the Mode button zs and push the joystick On the Mode menu select Settings and push the joystick On the Preferences tab go to View and disable the overlay graphics that you do not want to display Publ No T559772 Rev a593 ENGLISH EN March 16 2012 51 actoolsupply com actoolsupply com 16 Working with images and folders 16 8 Deleting images General You can delete one or more images from the SD Memory Card Procedure Follow this procedure to delete an image Push the Archive button Select the image you want to delete by using the joystick Push the joystick to open the image Push the joystick to display a menu On the menu select one of the following a Delete a Delete all Push the joystick to confirm 52 Publ No T559772 Rev a593 ENGLISH EN March 16 2012 actoolsupply com actoolsupply com 16 Working with images and folders 16 9 Creating an Adobe PDF report General You can create an Adobe PDF report about any image on the SD Memory Card The report may include the following The infrared image including any associated visual image Alist of text annotations Alist of measurement results Alist of object parameters a A sketch An image description Procedure Follow this procedure Insert a USB memory stick into the USB connector Push the Archive button Select the image for which you wa
86. n sources This is done on line automatically by the camera The following object parameters must however be supplied for the camera The emissivity of the object The reflected apparent temperature The distance between the object and the camera The relative humidity Temperature of the atmosphere 28 2 Emissivity The most important object parameter to set correctly is the emissivity which in short is a measure of how much radiation is emitted from the object compared to that from a perfect blackbody of the same temperature Normally object materials and surface treatments exhibit emissivity ranging from approximately 0 1 to 0 95 A highly polished mirror surface falls below 0 1 while an oxidized or painted surface has a higher emissivity Oil based paint regardless of color in the visible spectrum has an emissivity over 0 9 in the infrared Human skin exhibits an emissivity 0 97 to 0 98 Non oxidized metals represent an extreme case of perfect opacity and high reflexivity which does not vary greatly with wavelength Consequently the emissivity of metals is low only increasing with temperature For non metals emissivity tends to be high and decreases with temperature Publ No T559772 Rev a593 ENGLISH EN March 16 2012 101 actoolsupply com C TOOL actoolsupply com PLY COM 28 Thermographic measurement techniques 20i 1244 zaaikencolon coma 28 2 1 Finding the emissivity of a sample 28 2 1 1 Step 1
87. n with this warranty shall be finally settled by arbitration in accordance with the Rules of the Arbitration Institute of the Stockholm Chamber of Commerce The place of arbitration shall be Stockholm The language to be used in the arbitral proceedings shall be English Copyright 2012 FLIR Systems All rights reserved worldwide No parts of the software including source code may be reproduced transmitted transcribed or translated into any language or computer language in any form or by any means electronic magnetic optical manual or otherwise without the prior written permission of FLIR Systems This documentation must not in whole or part be copied photocopied reproduced translated or transmitted to any electronic medium or machine readable form without prior consent in writing from FLIR Systems Names and marks appearing on the products herein are either registered trademarks or trademarks of FLIR Systems and or its subsidiaries All other trademarks trade names or company names referenced herein are used for identification only and are the property of their respective owners Quality assurance The Quality Management System under which these products are developed and manufactured has been certified in accordance with the ISO 9001 standard FLIR Systems is committed to a policy of continuous development therefore we reserve the right to make changes and improvements on any of the products described in this manual without p
88. ncluded in systems delivered by FLIR Systems to the original purchaser carry the warranty if any of the particular supplier only FLIR Systems has no responsibility whatsoever for such products The warranty extends only to the original purchaser and is not transferable It is not applicable to any product which has been subjected to misuse neglect accident or abnormal conditions of operation Expendable parts are excluded from the warranty In the case of a defect in a product covered by this warranty the product must not be further used in order to prevent additional damage The purchaser shall promptly report any defect to FLIR Systems or this warranty will not apply FLIR Systems will at its option repair or replace any such defective product free of charge if upon inspection it proves to be defective in material or workmanship and provided that it is returned to FLIR Systems within the said one year period FLIR Systems has no other obligation or liability for defects than those set forth above No other warranty is expressed or implied FLIR Systems specifically disclaims the implied warranties of merchantability and fitness for a particular purpose FLIR Systems shall not be liable for any direct indirect special incidental or consequential loss or damage whether based on contract tort or any other legal theory This warranty shall be governed by Swedish law Any dispute controversy or claim arising out of or in connectio
89. nfrared camera systems to work more productively by providing them with the most powerful 94 Publ No T559772 Rev a593 ENGLISH EN March 16 2012 actoolsupply com actoolsupply com 26 About FLIR Systems camera software combination Especially tailored software for predictive maintenance R amp D and process monitoring is developed in house Most software is available in a wide variety of languages We support all our infrared cameras with a wide variety of accessories to adapt your equipment to the most demanding infrared applications 26 2 Sharing our knowledge Although our cameras are designed to be very user friendly there is a lot more to thermography than just knowing how to handle a camera Therefore FLIR Systems has founded the Infrared Training Center ITC a separate business unit that provides certified training courses Attending one of the ITC courses will give you a truly hands on learning experience The staff of the ITC are also there to provide you with any application support you may need in putting infrared theory into practice 26 3 Supporting our customers FLIR Systems operates a worldwide service network to keep your camera running at all times If you discover a problem with your camera local service centers have all the equipment and expertise to solve it within the shortest possible time Therefore there is no need to send your camera to the other side of the world or to talk to so
90. nt to create a report Push the joystick to open the image Push the joystick to display a menu On the menu select Create report page by using the joystick At this stage you can also add information to the report header and footer NOTE To view the report on the PC you need Adobe Reader This software can be down loaded for free from http get adobe com reader Publ No T559772 Rev a593 ENGLISH EN March 16 2012 53 actoolsupply com actoolsupply com What is fusion Fusion types Working with fusion Fusion is a function that lets you display part of a digital photo as an infrared image For example you can set the camera to display all areas of an image that have a certain temperature in infrared with all other areas displayed as a digital photo You can also set the camera to display an infrared image frame on top of a digital photo You can then move around the infrared image frame or change the size of the image frame Depending on camera model up to four different types of fusion are available These are Above All areas in the digital photo with a temperature above the specified tem perature level are displayed in infrared Below All areas in the digital photo with a temperature below the specified tem perature level are displayed in infrared Interval All areas in the digital photo with a temperature between two specified temperature levels are displaye
91. o the newly discovered thermal radiation and he was forced to conclude that optics for the infrared would probably be doomed to the use of reflective elements exclusively i e plane and curved mirrors Fortunately this proved to be true only until 1830 when the Italian investigator Melloni made his great discovery that naturally occurring rock salt NaCl which was available in large enough natural crystals to be made into lenses and prisms is remarkably transparent to the infrared The result was that rock salt became the principal infrared optical material and remained so for the next hundred years until the art of synthetic crystal growing was mastered in the 1930 s Publ No T559772 Rev a593 ENGLISH EN March 16 2012 107 actoolsupply com actoolsupply com 29 History of infrared technology 10399103 a1 Figure 29 3 Macedonio Melloni 1798 1854 Thermometers as radiation detectors remained unchallenged until 1829 the year Nobili invented the thermocouple Herschel s own thermometer could be read to 0 2 C 0 036 F and later models were able to be read to 0 05 C 0 09 F Then a breakthrough occurred Melloni connected a number of thermocouples in series to form the first thermopile The new device was at least 40 times as sensitive as the best thermometer of the day for detecting heat radiation capable of detecting the heat from a person standing three meters away The first so called
92. of temperature Tef according to the calibration Theoretical camera output voltage for a blackbody of temperature Tatm according to the calibration The operator has to supply a number of parameter values for the calculation the object emittance the relative humidity Tatm object distance Dopj the effective temperature of the object surroundings or the reflected ambient temperature T of and the temperature of the atmosphere Tatm This task could sometimes be a heavy burden for the operator since there are normally no easy ways to find accurate values of emittance and atmospheric transmittance for the actual case The two temperatures are normally less of a problem provided the surroundings do not contain large and intense radiation sources A natural question in this connection is How important is it to know the right values of these parameters It could though be of interest to get a feeling for this problem already here by looking into some different measurement cases and compare the relative magnitudes of the three radiation terms This will give indications about when it is important to use correct values of which parameters The figures below illustrates the relative magnitudes of the three radiation contributions for three different object temperatures two emittances and two spectral ranges SW and LW Remaining parameters have the following fixed values T 0 88 Tres 20 C 68 F Tatm 2
93. omputed from the temperature the relative humidity of air and the distance to the object A bottle shaped radiator with an absorbing inside viewed through the bottleneck The temperature for which the color of a blackbody matches a specific color conduction continuous adjust The process that makes heat diffuse into a material A function that adjusts the image The function works all the time continuously adjusting brightness and contrast according to the image content convection dual isotherm emissivity emissivity factor emittance environment estimated atmospheric transmission Convection is a heat transfer mode where a fluid is brought into motion either by gravity or another force thereby transferring heat from one place to another An isotherm with two color bands instead of one The amount of radiation coming from an object compared to that of a blackbody A number between 0 and 1 Amount of energy emitted from an object per unit of time and area W m Objects and gases that emit radiation towards the object being measured A transmission value supplied by a user replacing a calculated one Publ No T559772 Rev a593 ENGLISH EN March 16 2012 97 actoolsupply com 27 Glossary C TOOL PLY COM 207 1244 a zaazikencolon com actoolsupply com Term or expression Explanation external optics Extra lenses filters heat shields etc that can
94. on not only from the object itself It also collects radiation from the surroundings reflected via the object surface Both these radiation contributions become attenuated to some extent by the atmosphere in the measurement path To this comes a third radiation contribution from the atmosphere itself This description of the measurement situation as illustrated in the figure below is so far a fairly true description of the real conditions What has been neglected could for instance be sun light scattering in the atmosphere or stray radiation from intense ra diation sources outside the field of view Such disturbances are difficult to quantify however in most cases they are fortunately small enough to be neglected In case they are not negligible the measurement configuration is likely to be such that the risk for disturbance is obvious at least to a trained operator It is then his responsibil ity to modify the measurement situation to avoid the disturbance e g by changing the viewing direction shielding off intense radiation sources etc Accepting the description above we can use the figure below to derive a formula for the calculation of the object temperature from the calibrated camera output 10400503 a1 1 2 T Wien 1 1 Watm T Tam Tren Erefl 1 Figure 31 1 A schematic representation of the general thermographic measurement situation 1 Surround ings 2 Object 3 Atmosphere 4 Camera Assume thatthe
95. ormation to an infrared image by using annotations The reason for using annotations is to make reporting and post processing more efficient by providing essential information about the image such as conditions photos sketches where it was taken and so on 68 Publ No T559772 Rev a593 ENGLISH EN March 16 2012 actoolsupply com actoolsupply com 20 Annotating images 20 1 Adding a digital photo automatically General When you save an infrared image you can automatically add a digital photo of the object of interest This digital photo will be associated with the infrared image which will simplify post processing and reporting in for example FLIR Reporter Procedure Follow this procedure Make sure that the camera is configured to save a digital photo simultane ously 1 Push the Menu Back button ms 2 On the main menu go to the Mode button and push the joystick 3 On the Mode menu select Settings and push the joystick 4 On the Preferences tab enable Simultaneously save photo To automatically add a digital photo push the Preview Save button fully down Publ No 559772 Rev a593 ENGLISH EN March 16 2012 69 actoolsupply com 20 Annotating images 20 2 Adding a digital photo manually General When you save an infrared image you can manually add a digital photo of the object of interest This digital photo will be associated with the infrared
96. ote Write down the emissivity 104 Publ No T559772 Rev a593 ENGLISH EN March 16 2012 actoolsupply com actoolsupply com 28 Thermographic measurement techniques Avoid forced convection Look for a thermally stable surrounding that will not generate spot reflections Use high quality tape that you know is not transparent and has a high emissivity you are certain of This method assumes that the temperature of your tape and the sample surface are the same If they are not your emissivity measurement will be wrong 28 3 Reflected apparent temperature This parameter is used to compensate for the radiation reflected in the object If the emissivity is low and the object temperature relatively far from that of the reflected it will be important to set and compensate for the reflected apparent temperature cor rectly 28 4 Distance The distance is the distance between the object and the front lens of the camera This parameter is used to compensate for the following two facts That radiation from the target is absorbed by the athmosphere between the object and the camera That radiation from the atmosphere itself is detected by the camera 28 5 Relative humidity The camera can also compensate for the fact that the transmittance is also dependent on the relative humidity of the atmosphere To do this set the relative humidity to the correct value For short distances and normal humidity the relative hu
97. ove This will display a submenu Onthe submenu select Resize and push the joystick This will create resiz ing handles for the area You can now resize the area using the joystick Publ No T559772 Rev a593 ENGLISH EN March 16 2012 65 actoolsupply com C TOO actoolsupply com sie LY COM 19 Working with measurement tools and isotherms 19 7 Changing object parameters General For accurate measurements you must set the object parameters This procedure describes how to change the parameters Types of The camera can use these object parameters parameters a Emissivity which determines how much of the radiation originates from the object as opposed to being reflected by it Reflected apparent temperature which is used when compensating for the radi ation from the surroundings reflected by the object into the camera This property ofthe object is called reflectivity Object distance i e the distance between the camera and the object of interest Atmospheric temperature i e the temperature ofthe air between the camera and the object of interest Relative humidity i e the relative humidity of the air between the camera and the object of interest External optics temperature i e the temperature of any protective windows etc that are set up between the camera and the object of interest If no protective window or protective shield is used this value is irrelevant
98. pen to navigate the menu system left a Using the joystick to navigate the menu system right You can also use a combination of the two In this manual it is assumed that the joystick is used but most tasks can also be carried out using the index finger or a stylus pen 24 Publ No T559772 Rev a593 ENGLISH EN March 16 2012 actoolsupply com actoolsupply com 12 External devices and storage media Figure 10759303 a4 Explanation This table explains the figure above To connect an external USB device to the camera use a USB A cable and this socket To connect a computer to the camera to move images and files to and from the camera use a USB Mini B cable and this socket To insert an SD memory card use this card slot To connect a video monitor to the camera use a CVBS composite video cable and this socket Publ No T559772 Rev a593 ENGLISH EN March 16 2012 25 actoolsupply com C TOOL PLYCOM actoolsupply com 207 1244 zaunlkensolon com 13 Pairing Bluetooth devices General Before you can use a Bluetooth device with the camera you need to pair the devices Procedure Follow this procedure Turn on the camera Push the Menu Back button yA On the main menu go to the Mode button and push the joystick On the Mode menu select Settings and push the joystick On the Connectivity tab go to Bluetooth and push the
99. pply com actoolsupply com actoolsupply com actoolsupply com User s manual STERT d S a Publ No 1559772 Rev a593 ENGLISH EN March 16 2012 actoolsupply com C TOOL PLY COM 207 1244 Legal disclaimer aikencolon com _ All products manufactured by FLIR Systems are warranted against defective materials and workmanship for a period of one 1 year from the delivery date of the original purchase provided such products have been under normal storage use and service and in accordance with FLIR Systems instruction actoolsupply com Uncooled handheld infrared cameras manufactured by FLIR Systems are warranted against defective materials and workmanship for a period of two 2 years from the delivery date of the original purchase provided such products have been under normal storage use and service and in accordance with FLIR Systems instruction and provided that the camera has been registered within 60 days of original purchase Detectors for uncooled handheld infrared cameras manufactured by FLIR Systems are warranted against defective materials and workmanship for a period of ten 10 years from the delivery date of the original purchase provided such products have been under normal storage use and service and in accordance with FLIR Systems instruction and provided that the camera has been registered within 60 days of original purchase Products which are not manufactured by FLIR Systems but i
100. ra Program updates for your PC software User documentation Application stories Technical publications 6 Publ No T559772 Rev a593 ENGLISH EN March 16 2012 actoolsupply com actoolsupply com 4 Documentation updates General Our manuals are updated several times per year and we also issue product critical notifications of changes on a regular basis To access the latest manuals and notifications go to the Download tab at http support flir com It only takes a few minutes to register online In the download area you will also find the latest releases of manuals for our other products as well as manuals for our historical and obsolete products Publ No 1559772 Rev a593 ENGLISH EN March 16 2012 7 actoolsupply com actoolsupply com 5 General NOTE Important note about this manual FLIR Systems issues generic manuals that cover several cameras within a model line This means that this manual may contain descriptions and explanations that do not apply to your particular camera model FLIR Systems reserves the right to discontinue models software parts or accessories and other items or to change specifications and or functionality at any time without prior notice Publ No T559772 Rev a593 ENGLISH EN March 16 2012 actoolsupply com actoolsupply com 6 Quick Start Guide Procedure Follow this procedure to get started right away Charge th
101. rammable button Visibility of overlay graphics Procedure Follow this procedure to change one or more of the aforementioned settings Push the Menu Back button SZ On the main menu go to the Mode button and push the joystick On the Mode menu select Settings and push the joystick On the Preferences tab go to the setting that you want to change Push the joystick Move the joystick up down to select a new value Push the joystick to confirm Publ No T559772 Rev a593 ENGLISH EN March 16 2012 77 actoolsupply com actoolsupply com C TOOL PLY COM 21 Changing settings 207 1244 wanikencolon com 21 3 Changing connectivity General On this tab you can change the following a Wi Fi Bluetooth Procedure Follow this procedure to change one or more of the aforementioned settings Push the Menu Back button wy On the main menu go to the Mode button 3l and push the joystick On the Mode menu select Settings and push the joystick On the Connectivity tab go to the setting that you want to change Push the joystick Move the joystick up down to select a new value Push the joystick to confirm 78 Publ No T559772 Rev a593 ENGLISH EN March 16 2012 actoolsupply com actoolsupply com 21 Changing settings 21 4 Changing regional settings General On this tab you can change the following Language Time zone Set date an
102. reason different faults in a socket can lead to the same typical appearance in an infrared image Local temperature increase can also result from improper contact between wire and Socket or from difference in load Figure The image below shows a connection of a cable to a socket where improper contact in the connection has resulted in local temperature increase 10739603 a1 Publ No 1559772 Rev a593 ENGLISH EN March 16 2012 8 actoolsupply com actoolsupply com CQ O 25 Application examples 207 1244 zanlkeneolon com 25 3 Oxidized socket General Depending on the type of socket and the environment in which the socket is installed oxides may occur on the socket s contact surfaces These oxides can lead to locally increased resistance when the socket is loaded which can be seen in an infrared image as local temperature increase NOTE A socket s construction may differ dramatically from one manufacturer to another For this reason different faults in a socket can lead to the same typical appearance in an infrared image Local temperature increase can also result from improper contact between a wire and socket or from difference in load Figure The image below shows a series of fuses where one fuse has a raised temperature on the contact surfaces against the fuse holder Because of the fuse holder s blank metal the temperature increase is not visible there while it is visible on the
103. rior notice Patents One or several of the following patents or design patents apply to the products and or features described in this manual 0002258 2 000279476 0001 000439161 000499579 0001 000653423 000726344 000859020 000889290 001106306 0001 001707738 001707746 001707787 001776519 0101577 5 0102150 0 0200629 4 0300911 5 0302837 0 1144833 1182246 1182620 1188086 1285345 1287138 1299699 1325808 1336775 1365299 1402918 1404291 1678485 1732314 200530018812 0 200830143636 7 2106017 235308 3006596 3006597 466540 483782 484155 518836 60004227 8 60122153 2 602004011681 5 08 6707044 68657 7034300 7110035 7154093 7157705 7237946 7312822 7332716 7336823 7544944 75530 7667198 7809258 7826736 D540838 D549758 D579475 D584755 D599 392 DI6702302 9 DI6703574 4 DI6803572 1 DI6803853 4 DI6903617 9 DM 057692 DM 061609 Registration Number ZL00809178 1 ZLO1823221 3 ZL01823226 4 ZL02331553 9 ZL02331554 7 ZL200480034894 0 ZL200530120994 2 ZL2006301301 14 4 ZL200730151141 4 ZL200730339504 7 ZL200830128581 2 ZL200930190061 9 EULA Terms m You have acquired a device INFRARED CAMERA that includes software licensed by FLIR Systems AB from Microsoft Licensing GP or its affiliates MS Those installed software products of MS origin as well as associated media printed materials and online or electronic documentation SOFTWARE are protected by international intellectual p
104. rmation is attached to the camera 10743603 a2 WAVELENGTH 635 nm MAX OUTPUT POWER 1 mW THIS PRODUCT COMPLIES WITH 21 CFR 1040 10 AND 1040 11 EXCEPT FOR DEVIATIONS PURSUANT TO LASER NOTICE NO 50 DATED JUNE 24 2007 Wavelength 635 nm Max output power 1 mW Publ No 1559772 Rev a593 ENGLISH EN March 16 2012 21 actoolsupply com actoolsupply com 9 Camera parts This product complies with 21 CFR 1040 10 and 1040 11 except for deviations pur suant to Laser Notice No 50 dated June 24 2007 22 Publ No T559772 Rev a593 ENGLISH EN March 16 2012 actoolsupply com actoolsupply com 10 Screen elements Figure 10760703 a2 Explanation This table explains the figure above Back toolbar button Mode toolbar button Presets toolbar button Tools toolbar button Palette toolbar button Parameters toolbar button Result table Measurement box Measurement spotmeter Various status and mode icons e g Bluetooth battery USB and compass Measurement circle Temperature scale Measurement line Publ No 1559772 Rev a593 ENGLISH EN March 16 2012 23 actoolsupply com actoolsupply com 11 Navigating the menu system Fi g ure 10763703 a2 10763603 a2 Explanation The figure above shows the two ways to navigate the menu system in the camera Using the index finger or a stylus
105. roperty laws and treaties The SOFTWARE is licensed not sold All rights reserved iv Publ No T559772 Rev a593 ENGLISH EN March 16 2012 actoolsupply com actoolsupply com m IF YOU DO NOT AGREE TO THIS END USER LICENSE AGREEMENT EULA DO NOT USE THE DEVICE OR COPY THE SOFTWARE INSTEAD PROMPTLY CONTACT FLIR Systems AB FOR INSTRUCTIONS ON RETURN OF THE UNUSED DEVICE S FOR A REFUND ANY USE OF THE SOFTWARE INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO USE ON THE DEVICE WILL CONSTITUTE YOUR AGREEMENT TO THIS EULA OR RATIFICATION OF ANY PREVIOUS CONSENT GRANT OF SOFTWARE LICENSE This EULA grants you the following license m You may use the SOFTWARE only on the DEVICE m NOT FAULT TOLERANT THE SOFTWARE IS NOT FAULT TOLERANT FLIR Systems AB HAS INDEPENDENTLY DETERMINED HOW TO USE THE SOFTWARE IN THE DEVICE AND MS HAS RELIED UPON FLIR Systems AB TO CONDUCT SUFFICIENT TESTING TO DETERMINE THAT THE SOFTWARE IS SUITABLE FOR SUCH USE NO WARRANTIES FOR THE SOFTWARE THE SOFTWARE is provided AS IS and with all faults THE ENTIRE RISK AS TO SAT ISFACTORY QUALITY PERFORMANCE ACCURACY AND EFFORT INCLUDING LACK OF NEGLIGENCE IS WITH YOU ALSO THERE IS NO WARRANTY AGAINST INTERFERENCE WITH YOUR ENJOYMENT OF THE SOFTWARE OR AGAINST INFRINGEMENT IF YOU HAVE RECEIVED ANY WARRANTIES REGARDING THE DEVICE OR THE SOFTWARE THOSE WARRANTIES DO NOT ORIGINATE FROM AND ARE NOT BINDING ON MS No Liability for Certain Damages EXCE
106. rticular interest is located store the moisture reading in the moisture meter s memory and identify the measurement spot with a handprint or other thermal identifying marker Recall the reading from the meter memory The moisture meter will now continuously transmit this reading to the infrared camera Use the camera to take a thermal image of the area with the identifying marker The stored data from the moisture meter will also be saved on the image Publ No T559772 Rev a593 ENGLISH EN March 16 2012 29 actoolsupply com C TOOL PLY COM 207 1244 censo com 15 15 1 NOTE General actoolsupply com Handling the camera Charging the battery You must charge the battery for four hours before you start using the camera for the first time You must charge the battery when a low battery voltage warning is displayed on the Screen Follow one of these procedures to charge the battery Usethe combined power supply and battery charger to charge the battery when it is inside the camera Use the combined power supply and battery charger to charge the battery when it is outside the camera Use the stand alone battery charger to charge the battery 30 Publ No T559772 Rev a593 ENGLISH EN March 16 2012 actoolsupply com actoolsupply com 15 Handling the camera 15 1 1 Using the combined power supply and battery charger to charge the battery when it is inside the camer
107. s displayed select Sketch and push the joystick This will display drawing board where you can create the sketch Type the text that you want to add then click OK or push the joystick Publ No T559772 Rev a593 ENGLISH EN March 16 2012 75 actoolsupply com actoolsupply com 21 Changing settings 21 1 Changing camera settings General On this tab you can change the following Temperature range i e the temperature range used for measuring objects You must change the temperature range according to the expected temperature of the object you are inspecting Add on lens a Display intensity Auto power off Digital camera lamp Calibrate touchscreen Calibrate compass Procedure Follow this procedure to change one or more of the aforementioned settings Push the Menu Back button DS On the main menu go to the Mode button and push the joystick On the Mode menu select Settings and push the joystick On the Camera tab go to the setting that you want to change Push the joystick Move the joystick up down to select a new value Push the joystick to confirm 76 Publ No T559772 Rev a593 ENGLISH EN March 16 2012 actoolsupply com actoolsupply com 21 Changing settings 21 2 Changing preferences General On this tab you can change the following Save button Simultaneously save photo Same field of view Prog
108. s on the camera are sealed with their designated covers hatches or caps This includes but is not limited to compartments for data storage batteries and connectors Applies only to FLIR A3xx f A3xx pt series cameras Exceptas described in this manual do not open the FLIR A3xx pt A3xx f series camera for any reason Disassembly of the camera including removal of the cover can cause permanent damage and will void the warranty Donotto leave fingerprints on the FLIR A3xx pt A3xx f series camera s infrared optics The FLIR A3xx pt A3xx f series camera requires a power supply of 24 VDC Operating the camera outside of the specified input voltage range or the specified operating temperature range can cause permanent damage When lifting the FLIR A3xx pt series camera use the camera body and base not the tubes Applies only to FLIR GF309 cameras CAUTION The exceptionally wide temper ature range of the FLIR GF309 infrared camera is designed for performing highly accurate electrical and mechanical inspections and can also see through flames for inspecting gas fired furnaces chemical heaters and coal fired boilers IN ORDER TO DERIVE ACCURATE TEMPERATURE MEASUREMENTS IN THESE ENVIRON MENTS THE GF309 OPERATOR MUST HAVE A STRONG UNDERSTANDING OF RADIOMETRIC FUNDAMENTALS AS WELL AS THE PRODUCTS AND CONDI TIONS OF COMBUSTION THAT IMPACT REMOTE TEMPERATURE MEASURE MENT The Infrared Training Center itc offers a wide range of
109. sssssssssse eee 27 14 1 Typical moisture measurement and documentation procedure sseeeee 29 15 Handling the camera ere Ete DAE te neve deceret erae 30 1511 Charging th batery iissa detener ertet rone de entente eda 30 15 1 1 Using the combined power supply and battery charger to charge the battery when it is inside the C mera 5 hnc ai 31 15 1 2 Using the combined power supply and battery charger to charge the battery when it is outside the camera sssssssenne eene 32 15 1 8 Using the stand alone battery charger to charge the battery e 33 15 2 Inserting the Date ciiig teste te tente 94 15 3 REMOVING the battery 5 emitti he eer desee ente dene 36 15 4 Turning on and turning off the camera sesenta ete tnter tnit tna te thats 38 15 5 Adjusting the angle Of lens yisi nidosini 39 15 6 Attaching the sunshield tree ee eee ER AEn ots 40 15 7 Using the laser polnter iacere ice een isles 42 16 Working with images and folders ssssssenn en eene 43 16 1 Adjusting the infrared camera focus sse nennen 43 Publ No 559772 Rev a593 ENGLISH EN March 16 2012 vii actoolsupply com actoolsupply com 16 2 JPreviewing an image oerte re beer estere eee bs tente otal en loca te dials ct 16 3 Saving an image hnc ren nete etn edet eai edere d br neve dle 16
110. ster 17 SW 0 86 Plaster plasterboard un 20 SW 0 90 treated Plaster rough coat 20 UB 0 91 Plastic glass fibre lami 70 LW 0 91 nate printed circ board Plastic glass fibre lami 70 SW 0 94 nate printed circ board Publ No T559772 Rev a593 ENGLISH EN March 16 2012 actoolsupply com 137 actoolsupply com 32 Emissivity tables Plastic polyurethane isola 70 LW 0 55 9 tion board Plastic polyurethane isola 70 SW 0 29 9 tion board Plastic PVC plastic floor 70 LW 0 93 9 dull structured Plastic PVC plastic floor 70 SW 0 94 9 dull structured Platinum 17 T 0 016 4 Platinum 22 T 0 03 4 Platinum 100 T 0 05 4 Platinum 260 T 0 06 4 Platinum 538 T 0 10 4 Platinum 1000 1500 T 0 14 0 18 1 Platinum 1094 T 0 18 4 Platinum pure polished 200 600 T 0 05 0 10 1 Platinum ribbon 900 1100 T 0 12 0 17 1 Platinum wire 50 200 T 0 06 0 07 1 Platinum wire 500 1000 T 0 10 0 16 1 Platinum wire 1400 T 0 18 1 Porcelain glazed 20 ii 0 92 1 Porcelain white shiny T 0 70 0 75 1 Rubber hard 20 T 0 95 1 Rubber soft gray rough 20 T 0 95 1 Sand T 0 60 1 Sand 20 T 0 90 2 Sandstone polished 19 LLW 0 909 8 Sandstone rough 19 LLW 0 935 8 Silver polished 100 T 0 03 2 Silver pure polished 200 600 T 0 02 0 03 1 138 Publ No T559772 Rev a593 ENGLISH EN March 16 2012 actoolsupply com actoolsupply com 32 Emissivity tables
111. the quantity that you want to use voltage current resistance etc Refer to the user documentation for the meter for informa tion on how to do this Results from the meter will now automatically be displayed in the result table in the top left corner of the infrared camera screen Do one of the following To preview an image push the Preview Save button At this stage you can add additional values To do so take a new measurement with the meter and select Add on the infrared camera screen To save an image without previewing push and hold down the Pre view Save button Dependent on camera model To add a value to a recalled image turn on the meter after you have recalled the image then select Add on the infrared camera screen A maximum of eight values can be added but note that some values are broken into two lines 28 Publ No T559772 Rev a593 ENGLISH EN March 16 2012 actoolsupply com actoolsupply com 14 Fetching data from external Extech meters 14 1 Typical moisture measurement and documentation procedure General The following procedure can form the basis for other procedures using Extech meters and infrared cameras Procedure Follow this procedure Use the infrared camera to identify any potential damp areas behind walls and ceilings Use the moisture meter to measure the moisture levels at various suspect locations that may have been found When a spot of pa
112. tinguished by the ways in which the spectral emittance of each varies with wavelength A blackbody for which 1 A graybody for which constant less than 1 A selective radiator for which varies with wavelength According to Kirchhoff s law for any material the spectral emissivity and spectral ab sorptance of a body are equal at any specified temperature and wavelength That is 05 From this we obtain for an opaque material since a p 1 c p 1 For highly polished materials approaches zero so that for a perfectly reflecting material i e a perfect mirror we have p 1 For a graybody radiator the Stefan Boltzmann formula becomes W eoT Watt m This states that the total emissive power of a graybody is the same as a blackbody at the same temperature reduced in proportion to the value of from the graybody Publ No 1559772 Rev a593 ENGLISH EN March 16 2012 117 actoolsupply com actoolsupply com 30 Theory of thermography 10401203 a2 Figure 30 8 Spectral radiant emittance of three types of radiators 1 Spectral radiant emittance 2 Wavelength 3 Blackbody 4 Selective radiator 5 Graybody 10327303 a4 Figure 30 9 Spectral emissivity of three types of radiators 1 Spectral emissivity 2 Wavelength 3 Blackbody 4 Graybody 5 Selective radiator 30 4 Infrared semi transparent materials
113. trolytic 260 T 0 07 4 Iron and steel electrolytic careful 175 225 T 0 05 0 06 1 ly polished Iron and steel freshly worked 20 T 0 24 1 with emery Iron and steel ground sheet 950 1100 T 0 55 0 61 1 Iron and steel heavily rusted 20 T 0 69 2 sheet 132 Publ No T559772 Rev a593 ENGLISH EN March 16 2012 actoolsupply com actoolsupply com 32 Emissivity tables Iron and steel hot rolled 20 T 0 77 Iron and steel hot rolled 130 T 0 60 Iron and steel oxidized 100 T 0 74 Iron and steel oxidized 100 T 0 74 Iron and steel oxidized 125 525 T 0 78 0 82 Iron and steel oxidized 200 T 0 79 Iron and steel oxidized 1227 T 0 89 Iron and steel oxidized 200 600 T 0 80 Iron and steel oxidized strongly 50 T 0 88 Iron and steel oxidized strongly 500 T 0 98 Iron and steel polished 100 T 0 07 Iron and steel polished 400 1000 T 0 14 0 38 Iron and steel polished sheet 750 1050 T 0 52 0 56 Iron and steel rolled freshly 20 T 0 24 Iron and steel rolled sheet 50 T 0 56 Iron and steel rough plane sur 50 T 0 95 0 98 face Iron and steel rusted heavily 17 SW 0 96 Iron and steel rusted red sheet 22 T 0 69 Iron and steel rusty red 20 T 0 69 Iron and steel shiny etched 150 T 0 16 Iron and steel shiny oxide layer 20 T 0 82 sheet Iron and steel wrought carefully 40 250 T 0 28 polished Iron galvanized heavily oxidized 70 LW 0 85 Iron
114. ul interference in a residential installation This equipment generates uses and can radiate radio frequency energy and if not installed and used in accordance with the instructions may cause harmful interference to radio communications However there is no guarantee that interference will not occur in a particular in stallation If this equipment does cause harmful interference to radio or television reception which can be determined by turning the equipment off and on the user is encouraged to try to correct the interference by one or more of the following measures Reorient or relocate the receiving antenna a Increase the separation between the equipment and receiver a Connect the equipment into an outlet on a circuit different from that to which the receiver is connected Consult the dealer or an experienced radio TV technician for help Applies only to digital devices subject to 15 19 RSS 210 NOTICE This device complies with Part 15 of the FCC Rules and with RSS 210 of Industry Canada Operation is subject to the following two conditions 1 this device may not cause harmful interference and 2 this device must accept any interference received including interference that may cause undesired operation Applies only to digital devices subject to 15 21 NOTICE Changes or modifica tions made to this equipment not expressly approved by manufacturer name may void the FCC authorization to operate this equipment Applies
115. untreated 20 SW 0 85 6 Fiber board masonite 70 LW 0 88 9 Fiber board masonite 70 SW 0 75 9 Fiber board particle board 70 LW 0 89 9 Fiber board particle board 70 SW 0 77 9 Fiber board porous untreated 20 SW 0 85 6 Gold polished 130 T 0 018 1 Gold polished carefully 200 600 T 0 02 0 03 1 Gold polished highly 100 T 0 02 2 Granite polished 20 LLW 0 849 8 Granite rough 21 LLW 0 879 8 Granite rough 4 different 70 LW 0 77 0 87 9 samples Publ No T559772 Rev a593 ENGLISH EN March 16 2012 131 actoolsupply com actoolsupply com 32 Emissivity tables Granite rough 4 different 70 SW 0 95 0 97 9 samples Gypsum 20 T 0 8 0 9 1 Ice See Water Iron cast casting 50 T 0 81 1 Iron cast ingots 1000 T 0 95 1 Iron cast liquid 1300 T 0 28 1 Iron cast machined 800 1000 T 0 60 0 70 1 Iron cast oxidized 38 T 0 63 4 Iron cast oxidized 100 T 0 64 2 Iron cast oxidized 260 T 0 66 4 Iron cast oxidized 538 T 0 76 4 Iron cast oxidized at 600 C 200 600 T 0 64 0 78 1 Iron cast polished 38 T 0 21 4 Iron cast polished 40 T 0 21 2 Iron cast polished 200 T 0 21 1 Iron cast unworked 900 1100 T 0 87 0 95 1 Iron and steel cold rolled 70 LW 0 09 9 Iron and steel cold rolled 70 SW 0 20 9 Iron and steel covered with red 20 T 0 61 0 85 1 rust Iron and steel electrolytic 22 T 0 05 4 Iron and steel electrolytic 100 T 0 05 4 Iron and steel elec
116. upply com 30 Theory of thermography 10399403 a1 Figure 30 5 Wilhelm Wien 1864 1928 The sun approx 6 000 K emits yellow light peaking at about 0 5 um in the middle of the visible light spectrum At room temperature 300 K the peak of radiant emittance lies at 9 7 um in the far infrared while at the temperature of liquid nitrogen 77 K the maximum of the almost insignificant amount of radiant emittance occurs at 38 um in the extreme infrared wavelengths 114 Publ No T559772 Rev a593 ENGLISH EN March 16 2012 actoolsupply com actoolsupply com 30 Theory of thermography 10327203 a4 105 Figure 30 6 Planckian curves plotted on semi log scales from 100 K to 1000 K The dotted line represents the locus of maximum radiant emittance at each temperature as described by Wien s displacement law 1 Spectral radiant emittance W cm um 2 Wavelength um 30 3 3 Stefan Boltzmann s law By integrating Planck s formula from A 0 to A we obtain the total radiant emittance Wy of a blackbody W cT Watt m This is the Stefan Boltzmann formula after Josef Stefan 1835 1893 and Ludwig Boltzmann 1844 1906 which states that the total emissive power of a blackbody is proportional to the fourth power of its absolute temperature Graphically W represents the area below the Planck curve for a particular temperature It can be shown that the radiant emittance in t
117. ush the Menu Back button c On the main menu go to the Tools button and push the joystick sm On the Tools menu select Adjust tools and push the joystick Select the measurement tool that you wish to remove This will display a submenu On the submenu select Remove and push the joystick Publ No 559772 Rev a593 ENGLISH EN March 16 2012 63 actoolsupply com actoolsupply com 19 Working with measurement tools and isotherms 19 5 Moving measurement tools Procedure Follow this procedure to move a measurement tool Push the Menu Back button x On the main menu go to the Tools button and push the joystick mj On the Tools menu select Adjust tools and push the joystick Select the measurement tool that you wish to move This will display a submenu On the submenu select Move and push the joystick This will make the center of the measurement tool turn blue You can now move the measure ment tool using the joystick 64 Publ No T559772 Rev a593 ENGLISH EN March 16 2012 actoolsupply com actoolsupply com 19 Working with measurement tools and isotherms 19 6 Resizing areas Procedure Follow this procedure to resize an area Push the Menu Back button c On the main menu go to the Tools button and push the joystick Em On the Tools menu select Adjust tools and push the joystick Select the measurement tool that you wish to m
118. wist the cotton wool to remove excess liquid Clean the lens one time only and discard the cotton wool WARNING Make sure that you read all applicable MSDS Material Safety Data Sheets and warning labels on containers before you use a liquid the liquids can be dangerous CAUTION a Be careful when you clean the infrared lens The lens has a delicate anti reflective coating a Do not clean the infrared lens too vigorously This can damage the anti reflective coating Publ No 1559772 Rev a593 ENGLISH EN March 16 2012 81 actoolsupply com actoolsupply com C TOOL PLY COM 22 Cleaning the camera 207 1244 Mmalkencolon coma 22 3 Infrared detector General Even small amounts of dust on the infrared detector can result in major blemishes in the image To remove any dust from the detector follow the procedure below NOTE This section only applies to cameras where removing the lens exposes the infrared detector In some cases the dust cannot be removed by following this procedure the infrared detector must be cleaned mechanically This mechanical cleaning must be carried out by an authorized service partner CAUTION In Step 2 below do not use pressurized air from pneumatic air circuits in a workshop etc as this air usually contains oil mist to lubricate pneumatic tools Procedure Follow this procedure Remove the lens from the camera Use pressurized air from a compressed air canister to blow off the dust
119. y Term or expression Explanation transmission or transmittance factor Gases and materials can be more or less transparent Transmis sion is the amount of IR radiation passing through them A number between 0 and 1 transparent isotherm An isotherm showing a linear spread of colors instead of cover ing the highlighted parts of the image visual Refers to the video mode of a IR camera as opposed to the normal thermographic mode When a camera is in video mode it captures ordinary video images while thermographic images are captured when the camera is in IR mode 100 Publ No T559772 Rev a593 ENGLISH EN March 16 2012 actoolsupply com actoolsupply com 28 Thermographic measurement techniques 28 1 Introduction An infrared camera measures and images the emitted infrared radiation from an object The fact that radiation is a function of object surface temperature makes it possible for the camera to calculate and display this temperature However the radiation measured by the camera does not only depend on the tem perature of the object but is also a function of the emissivity Radiation also originates from the surroundings and is reflected in the object The radiation from the object and the reflected radiation will also be influenced by the absorption of the atmosphere To measure temperature accurately it is therefore necessary to compensate for the effects of a number of different radiatio
120. y com 29 History of infrared technology however who was the first to recognize that there must be a point where the heating effect reaches a maximum and that measurements confined to the visible portion of the spectrum failed to locate this point 10398903 a1 Figure 29 2 Marsilio Landriani 1746 1815 Moving the thermometer into the dark region beyond the red end of the spectrum Herschel confirmed that the heating continued to increase The maximum point when he found it lay well beyond the red end in what is known today as the infrared wavelengths When Herschel revealed his discovery he referred to this new portion of the electro magnetic spectrum as the thermometrical spectrum The radiation itself he sometimes referred to as dark heat or simply the invisible rays lronically and contrary to popular opinion it wasn t Herschel who originated the term infrared The word only began to appear in print around 75 years later and it is still unclear who should receive credit as the originator Herschel s use of glass in the prism of his original experiment led to some early controversies with his contemporaries about the actual existence of the infrared wavelengths Different investigators in attempting to confirm his work used various types of glass indiscriminately having different transparencies in the infrared Through his later experiments Herschel was aware of the limited transparency of glass t

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