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1. dolnBackground String ArrayList lt String gt initNotification void doPost HttpServletRequest HttpServletResponse void successfully uploaded submission showNotification Boolean void Figure 4 40 Sequence diagram explaining the survey submission process T Mobile T Mobile USB connected USB connected Select to copy files to from your computer Select to copy files to from your computer USB debugging connected USB debugging connected Select to disable USB debugging Select to disable USB debugging fe hear Notifications AI E masFmD EEN i Figure 4 41 Survey uploading notification on mobile device 56 57 c2DMReceiver deviceRegistrar unregisterServiet C2DMReceiver DeviceRegistrar UnregisterServiet system android c2dm system android c2dm system appengine serviets setConnectedScreenContent void H H H H i i i H H H H i H i i H H i unregister Context void startService Intent ComponentName onUnregistered Context void unregisterWithServer Context String void makeRequest Context String String HttpResponse doPost HttpServietRequest HttpServietResponse void deleteDeviceinfo HttpServietResponse String void Resp StatusCode 200 deleteDeviceRegistrationID Context intent void del
2. 54 lt lt Java Class gt gt G AsyncTask lt Params Progress Result gt android os lt lt Java Class gt gt DownloadFormTask SOF DL_FORMMEDIA String Sof DL_FORM String SF DL_MEDIA_ERROR_ MSG String SO DL_FORMS String SF DL_FORMMEDIAS String SF DL_ERROR_MSG String k al SF CONNECTION_TIMEOUT int E DownloadFormTask DownloadFormMediaTask dolnBackground HashMap lt String String gt HashMap lt String String gt dolnBackground HashMap lt String String gt HashMap lt String String gt m downloadFile String String File downloadMedia String String String String void onPostExecute HashMap lt String String gt void onPostExecute HashMap lt String String gt void onProgressUpdate String void onProgressUpdate String void setDownloaderListener FormDownloaderListener void setDownloaderListener FormMediaDownloaderListener void mStateListener 0 1 mStateListener 0 1 lt lt Java Interface gt gt FormDownloaderListener lt lt Java Interface gt gt FormMediaDownloaderListener org odk collect android listeners formMediaDownloadingComplete HashMap lt String String gt void formDownloadingComplete HashMap lt String String gt void progressMediaUpdate String int int void progressUpdate String int int void Figure 4 39 Class diagram for download tasks Once the user has reached the end of the survey he needs
3. Cisco mobile data traffic forecast per month by 2015 8 Figure 3 1 3 tier architecture of momentary assessment system ooococcccnocccononccinoncninnncnnnnncn ns 10 Figure 3 2 C2DM framework explained sites nement ne ire 18 Figure 3 3 Data exchange Tomate Re 18 Figure 4 1 User registration activity diagram 2 82 A A naar te 21 Figure 4 2 Sequence diagram explaining user registration process 22 Figure 4 3 Activity diagram for form builder module 23 Figure 4 4 Sequence diagram showing the process of saving a form 24 Figure 4 5 Sample Porn definito tetas aiii 25 Figure 4 6 String question Pepin 26 Figyre4 7 S1ngl select question PE 27 Figure 4 8 Multi select type questa 28 Figure 19 Integer type questi ss ds 28 Figure 4 10 G olocation type QuestiOns s csescssssasversaesstecaveessceassecvandeaounaesaeeshevacseseensesdenaszeea 29 Figure 4 11 Image type Question sis s 05 c5sceds soriano sdedaonsdenenahes catasaetad ee dnde date onceadteated cctaseseaden 30 Figure 4 12 Audio type GUESS A nu 30 Berens 3 Va Osby Se SU OM LRU e oa gcse dace acu coda RES 31 Figure 4 14 Image tagged to question cecilia ei esl Ate lee nds 32 Figure 4 15 Video tagged to QUESO miii Nu dde etant 32 Figure 4 16 Database mapping for location and form module 33 Figure 4 17 Activity diagram for submission viewer module 34 Figure 4 18 Sequence diagram for submission viewer Process 35 Figure 4 1
4. Figure 4 36 Sequence diagram explaining the location alert process 50 Figure 4 37 Activity diagram for survey retrieval module 0 eee eee ceeeceeeeeeeeeceeeenseeneees 32 Figure 4 38 Sequence diagram explaining the survey retrieval process 53 Figure 4 39 Class diagram for download tasks nono ncroncnnnno 54 Figure 4 40 Sequence diagram explaining the survey submission process 55 Figure 4 41 Survey uploading notification on mobile device 56 Figure 4 42 Sequence diagram explaining the user UnRegistration process 57 Figure 5 1 Application Survey form to analyze employee effectiveness eee 59 Figure 5 2 Application Survey form to create Yelp like review system 61 Figure 5 3 Application Survey form to gather data on demand 62 Figure 6 1 Android C2DM signup application information 000 0 eee eeseeeeeceeeeeeneecneeeneeeeees 64 Figure 6 2 Android C2DM signup contact information 65 Figure 6 3 Google app engine new application welcome screen 65 Figure 6 4 Google app engine create an application 66 Figure 65 Export flex application ii M Re elie Atel Ayer eed 66 Figure 6 6 How to deploy to Google app engine ss 68 Figure 6 7 App engine deploy Sigma lines as 68 Figure 6 8 App engine project settings as nn de en Sel 69 Figure 6 9 Export signed Android application package 70 Figure 7 1 Provide admin access 10 Us Olite 71 Figure 7 2 Admin panel to p
5. i i H i i i i i i i H i H H H f i i i i i i H i H i startService intent ComponentName setintroScreenContent void getGoogleAccounts register Context String voi onRegistrered Context String void registerWithServer Context String void makeRequest Context String String HttpResponse doPost HttpServietRequest HitpServietResponse void saveDeviceinfo HitpServietResponse Deviceinfo boolean Resp StatusCode 200 saveDeviceRegistrationiD Context String intent void 7 i H H H i H H i i i H H H H i H i i i i H H H H H i i i i i H H H i H i i i i H H H H i H i i i i H H H H i H i i i i H H H H H H H H i i i H H H H H i i i i i H H H i H i i i i H H save registration D H on mobile client i J update Ul intent called i fetchAllLocations void i setSetupCompleteScreenContent void i Figure 4 2 Sequence diagram explaining user registration process 23 The Figure 4 3 shows the activity diagram for the form building process employed by this module A form is a survey tool which consists of a set of questions Each of these forms then can be associated to any location also defined by the users available in the system submit form _ 3 check invalid form a Adobe Flex f Alert user showing incomplete form Form validator valid form l
6. lt value gt choice2 lt value gt lt item gt lt select gt Figure 4 7 Single select question type 4 3 2 3 MULTI SELECT TYPE This question type can be used when the user needs to make a choice choices from the already defined answers The mobile user is asked to select one or more from the available choices It contains a list of options which can be selected using checkboxes The Figure 4 8 shows the layout of the multi select question type If there are more choices than the screen can show at any time then the view will be made scrollable which enables the user to scroll through all the available choices 4 3 2 4 INTEGER TYPE The mobile user is asked to type in an integer or number as an answer Since this is declared as number only field the user will be allowed to key in only numbers which is accomplished by using the build Android API as shown in Figure 4 9 4 3 2 5 GEOLOCATION TYPE This type of question is used to fetch location information from the mobile user 1 e geo co ordinates To the mobile end user a button is provided which helps in fetching the most accurately available location fix as shown in Figure 4 10 Prompt user to select one or more choices Choice 1 Choice 2 28 lt itext gt lt translation lang English gt lt text id multiSelectInputType gt lt value form long gt Prompt user to select one or more choices lt value gt lt text gt lt translation gt lt ite
7. 3 Click on the Send Form to connected devices button to go to the Device Monitoring Panel as shown in the Figure 7 7 Device Monitoring Panel x User Account Device Brand Android Build Device Model Network Carrier Registration On D gmail com generic FRF91 google_sdk Android Tue Mar 15 20 11 43 UTC 2011 D gmail com generic FRF91 google_sdk Android Fri Apr 22 00 05 26 UTC 2011 Send To all Devices Figure 7 7 Device monitoring panel 4 To send form to a particular device click on it When the message is successfully sent an appropriate popup is shown To send form to all the devices click on the Send to all Devices button Installing an Android Application on the device This section assumes that the Android application is not published on the Android Market This type of installation is referred to installing from Unknown Source To do so first we have to setup the device to accept installation of non market applications as described in the steps below La 2 3 4 5 Go to the Home screen of the device Press the hardware MENU KEY to bring up the menu Click on Settings Click on Applications Check the Unknown sources options as shown in the Figure 7 8 Now your device is configured to install applications of Unknown source Open the browser and type in the url provided to download the apk file on to your device Then follow the on screen instructions to complete the installation proces
8. EMA 3G VNI LBS RTLS SDK JDO JPA API JVM JSP WAR JNI OHA GNU VM RIA ODK TCP C2DM GAE 84 ABBREVIATIONS Personal Digital Assistant Global Positioning System Paper and pencil self Monitoring Ecological Momentary Assessment 3rd Generation Visual Networking Index Location Based Services Real Time Location Systems Software Development Kit Java Data Object Java Persistence API Application Programming Interface Java Virtual Machine Java Server Pages Web application Archive Java Native Interface Open Handset Alliance GNU s Not Unix Virtual Machine Rich Internet Application Open Data Kit Transmission Control Protocol milliAmps Cloud to Device Messaging Google App Engine APPENDIX B USEFUL LINKS 85 USEFUL LINKS Open Data Kit Group gt http www opendatakit org Open Data Kit s open source project home gt http code google com p opendatakit My personal website gt http www supreeth net thesis html Master s Thesis Project gt http momentaryassessment appspot com Momentary Assessment System for Mobile Devices Welcome Screen Download Android Client Scan the QR Code below from your Android phone to get the link to download the app If you already do not have a barcode reader then open Android Market app and search for barcode scanner Form Creation Panel Form Dashboard Location Dashboard Credits Apache License 2 0 You can also download the apk fi
9. Engine Account For more information on this refer How to create anew Google App Engine Application section 2 Download the Google App Engine SDK for Java 3 Download and install the Google plugin for Eclipse 4 Download the application source code Import the App Engine project into Eclipse as Existing project Getting Started with Adobe Flex project 1 Download and install Adobe Flash Builder There is a free trial available on the website http www adobe com products flex 2 Import the Flex project into the Flex builder as Existing project Getting Started with Android project 1 Download and install the Android SDK 2 Download and install the Android Development Tools ADT plugin for Eclipse 3 Import the Android source project into Eclipse as Existing project 64 After following all the above steps correctly you have now successfully setup the development environment for starting further development on this thesis project You can now start making changes to the source code and start testing them on your local machine 6 2 DEPLOYING THE APPLICATION This section explains in detail step by step procedure on how to deploy the application onto a live audience This section assumes that you have successfully set up all the development environment as explained in section Please be advised to follow these steps in the exact same order to ensure that you do not run into any roadblocks 6 2 1 Web Ap
10. Figure 4 11 Image type question lt itext gt ESENTATI lt translation lang English gt Pp ee i r Prompt user to record audio lt text id audioInputType gt lt value form long gt Prompt user to record audio lt value gt Record Sound lt text gt lt translation gt lt itext gt lt bind nodeset model audioInputType type binary gt lt upload ref audioInputType mediatype audio gt lt label ref jr itext audioInputType gt lt upload gt Figure 4 12 Audio type question 31 lt itext gt lt translation lang English gt Prompt user to capture a lt text id videoInputType gt video lt value form long gt Prompt user to capture a video lt value gt lt text gt Record Video lt translation gt lt itext gt lt bind nodeset model videolnputType type binary gt lt upload ref videoInputType mediatype video gt lt label ref jr itext videolnputType gt lt upload gt Figure 4 13 Video type question 4 3 2 9 IMAGE TAGGED TO QUESTIONS The form builder also supports images to be tagged to each of the above type of questions Each of these images is stored as blob data type on the Google App Engine datastore The Figure 4 14 shows the user interface on the mobile application If the user clicks or touches the image the image is opened using the default image viewer specified for that device which could help the user to inspect the image
11. Would you tell your friends about this place 1 location s tagged Tag form to locations Add New Question Save Form Delete Form Figure 5 1 Application Survey form to analyze employee effectiveness 5 2 SCENARIO TWO This system can be used to gather reviews of a place amp build a web 2 0 site just like Yelp but with a few changes or advantages In the contemporary world which is driven by web predominantly one of the well known ways for businesses to advertise their service has been through social networking This allows the users themselves to act as a medium to promote amp propagate the business by means of recommendations reviews and rating Yelp is one of the top providers of such service which help people to connect with great local businesses These businesses can be restaurants and shops service businesses such as doctors hotels and cultural venues and non business locations such as schools museums parks and churches etc It allows users or Yelpers as they are referred to as to write local reviews rate business upload images This acts as a reference medium for other customers to check the credentials or the reputation of the place where they might be interested in going to 60 The above said data does prove to be helpful but one cannot stop but wonder how accurate fair and up to date it is The drawbacks of this system are as follows e Lack of accuracy Users can compose the reviews long after t
12. anyone to run a background service to establish and maintain a connection As of Android 2 2 platform this push based system is made available to developers as Android Cloud to Device Messaging C2DM 3 2 6 Android Cloud to Device Messaging Framework C2DM Android Cloud to Device Messaging C2DM is a service that helps developers send data from servers to their applications on connected Android devices The service provides a 17 simple lightweight mechanism that servers can use to instruct the relevant mobile applications to contact the server directly to fetch updated application or any required user data The C2DM service handles all aspects of queuing of messages and delivery to the target application running on the target device This framework allows third party application servers to send lightweight messages to their Android applications The messaging service is not designed to send a lot of data via the messages Rather it should be used to wake the mobile application and let them know that there is new data available on the server so that the application can query the server and fetch the relevant data An application on an Android device doesn t need to be running to receive messages The system will wake up the application via Intent broadcast when the message arrives as long as the application is set up with the proper broadcast receiver and permissions It requires devices running Android 2 2 or higher that also have
13. by sole individuals The notion of open invitation format and large network of potential laborers act as the only prerequisite 3 During the past decade crowdsourcing has grown from a number of initiatives like Wikipedia and Mechanical Turk 4 to a technique that today attracts and engages millions of people worldwide Crowdsourcing has taken new forms as the computing systems are becoming an intimate part of physical and social contexts Increasingly crowds are engaged through their mobile devices to capture share and validate huge amounts of data e g reporting security threats or capturing social events 4 An example of how crowdsourcing has been put to use in real world applications can be seen in Google Maps for mobile devices When the user requests driving directions their complex algorithm formulates the best fastest route from the source destination to the target destination This is accomplished when the phone which is equipped with GPS sends anonymous bits of data back to Google describing how fast the user is moving in the traffic 5 When these large sets of data are combined with the speed of other devices on the road across thousands of phones moving around a city at any given time they can formulate a good picture of live traffic conditions They continuously combine this data and sent it back to the users for free in Google Maps traffic layer The best part of this approach is that it almost requires zero effort from the us
14. in more detail 4 3 2 10 VIDEO TAGGED TO QUESTIONS The form builder also supports videos to be tagged to each of the above type of questions These tagged videos are stored as blob data type on the Google App Engine datastore The Figure 4 15 shows the user interface on the mobile application If the user clicks or touches the play icon it is opened using the default video player specified for that device We have just seen how multimedia can be tagged to each of the question types Also it is to be noted that both multimedia types i e image and video can be tagged to each of the above question types making the question more fun to answer by giving visual clues to the user After all the questions have been created by the administrator of the system or a user 32 itext m translation lang English Prompt user to answer by text id imageTagType 7 tagging an Image value form long gt Prompt user to answer by tagging an image lt value gt value form image gt jr images questionl jpeg lt value value form big image gt jr images questionl jpeg lt value gt text gt translation gt itext input ref imageTagType label ref jr itext imageTagType gt hint gt Any Type of question can have image tagged to it lt hint input gt Figure 4 14 Image tagged to question itext es translation lang English Prompt user to answer text id videoTagType by tagging a Video value form long gt Prompt user to answer
15. populate them with questions Name Post earthquake assmnt Below is a list of all the questions in this form Did the earthquake have any disastrous effects in your neighborhood Can you share a picture to show it Can you please share your approximate current location How much on the Richter s scale do you think this earthquake measured Do you have a story to tell If so please do 1 location s tagged Tag form to locations Add New Question Save Form Delete Form Figure 5 3 Application Survey form to gather data on demand 63 CHAPTER 6 DEPLOYMENT GUIDE This chapter is dedicated to educating developers on how to get started with development and installation of the application both on the mobile client and also the server side 6 1 SETTING UP DEVELOPMENT ENVIRONMENT Pre requisites for starting further development e Knowledge of programming languages Java ActionScript e Familiarity with Google Android framework for developing the mobile client application For more development resources please refer http developer android com index html e Prior knowledge of C2DM framework For more information please refer to http code google com android c2dm index html e Prior knowledge of building apps on Google App Engine For more help please refer to http code google com appengine e Experience developing using Eclipse IDE Getting Started with Google App Engine project 1 Sign up for a Google App
16. the Market application installed However you are not limited to deploying your applications through Market It uses an existing connection for Google services This requires users to set up their Google account on their mobile devices Figure 3 2 14 shows an Android device already established a connection with Google s connection servers An application server will send a simple HTTP post to Google s cloud to device messaging front ends It receives the request and stores the message Then it routes the request to the appropriate connection server that s housing a connection from the target device which will in turn go ahead and send the message to the device On the device side two things happen in parallel 1 The message is converted into an intent which is broadcast to wake up the registered application 2 The device will acknowledge the receipt of that message so that it can be cleared from the queue on the Google s datastore which houses all the C2DM messages 3 2 7 Data Exchange Format All the data exchange between the server and web client server and connected devices is implemented using XML The backend server consists of servlets waiting for 18 requests which could either be fetch update or delete These servlets respond back using standard XML notation Connection Server ee C2DM Msg Frontend CHR Application Server Figure 3 2 C2DM framework explained Example When the mobile devic
17. 4 10 Geolocation type question 4 3 2 6 IMAGE TYPE This type prompts the user to capture an image from the device s built in camera There is ability to retake delete images taken in the scenario where in the user is not satisfied with the picture taken Figure 4 11 shows the user interface for this of question on the mobile application 4 3 2 7 AUDIO TYPE This type of question asks the user to record an audio clip using the default microphone recorder application on the device As with the image capture the user has options to retake delete and review the audio recording Figure 4 12 shows the user interface for Audio type question on the mobile application 4 3 2 8 VIDEO TYPE This type of question prompts the user to capture a video using the built in camera There is ability to retake delete video already taken in the scenario where in the user is not satisfied or changes his mind Figure 4 13 shows the user interface for Video type question on the mobile application 30 lt itext gt lt translation lang English gt i J ae Prompt user to capture an lt text id imagelnputType gt image lt value form long gt Prompt user to capture an image lt value gt Take Picture lt text gt lt translation gt lt itext gt lt bind nodeset model imageInputT ype type binary gt lt upload ref imagelnputType mediatype image gt lt label ref jr itext imageInputType gt lt upload gt
18. 7 Figure 4 21 Graphical representation for submission 4 5 3 Map Representation This form of representation uses Google Maps to show all the submission entries Each entry is drawn as a marker on the map using the geo co ordinates i e latitude and longitude It supports all the available features of Google maps namely e Options to change the map type i e Map Satellite Hybrid Terrain e Zoom in Zoom out e Map panning Geolocation type of question uses this representation as shown in Figure 4 22 38 Question 5 Prompt user to collect geo co ordinates Marker iS gt ae NG N QE Vo Marker 6 Marker 7 allu 5 NE y o gos ma We mg tre 1 ai Los Lunas l ET durs Sea aoe New River Phoenix HE ax os Apache eae tan sige Colorado Gr Buckeye Gibert MnO Figure 4 22 Map representation for submission 4 5 4 Image Viewer Representation This provides a visual representation of the images uploaded by the mobile users as part of the survey All the images are rendered on a carousel interface ordered chronologically on submission date as shown in Figure 4 23 Question 6 Prompt user to capture an image Figure 4 23 Image viewer representation for submission This type of representation is used only by the Image Type of questions 4 5 5 Media Player Representation This provides an interface to evaluate media file types uploaded by the mobile users as part of the survey All the associated me
19. 9 Class diagram for SubmissionXMLTable ooooonnccnnncnocccinnnnonncconononnnonn cono ncnonccnnnos 36 Figure 4 20 String representation for SUBMISSION ooococccnonoconcoonanonnnonanono nono nonnnnnnnn cono ncnoncnnnno 36 Figure 4 21 Graphical representation for submission oconoccnnoccnonononnnonanononcno conan nonn nono ncnoncnnnno 37 Figure 4 22 Map representation for submission ocooonocccnonononnnnonanonnnonnnono nono no nnnnnnnn cr nn ncnoncnnnno 38 Figure 4 23 Image viewer representation for SUBMISSION 38 Figure 4 24 Media player representation for subm1ssion 39 Figure 4 25 Data change notification activity diagram ncnoncnnnno 40 Figure 4 26 Sequence diagram for data change notification 41 Figure 4 27 Structure of queue al toos 41 Figure 4 28 Structure of sample C2DM message 42 Figure 4 29 Activity diagram for survey export module 43 Figure 4 30 Sequence diagram for exporting submission data 44 Figure 4 31 Sample Google app engine user Service code coooococcoccccoonccononcnononcnnnoncnnnnnccnnnnccnns 44 Figure 4 32 Class diagram for Location Services ii ds 46 Figure 4 33 Class diagram for C2DM message scsi ceive en tii nl Gate Ne 47 Figure 4 34 Sequence diagram explaing the location service module 48 Figure 4 35 State diagram for location alert module 48
20. Assessment System for very purpose of demonstrating how this system can provide a better solution to the issue at hand The customer of the restaurant who has already installed the mobile client application and has registered to the service finds himself taking part in the survey as he is waiting for the order to be processed He answers all the questions and uploads the data to the server The owner of the restaurant during the next weekly analysis logs on to the system and starts to analyze all the uploaded data Using this data he can determine exactly the time of the day when his customers were pleased or unhappy with the service This would help him in finding out exactly who the employee was at that time and can take corrective measures The above explicated scenario is just one of the paradigms of how to make use of the Momentary Assessment System The question which arises is what would make the user want to invest his her time in taking the survey The system can be tailored to include a discount coupon or other incentives upon successful completion of the survey as a means to motivate the user 59 Form creation editing panel Enter the details of the form and populate them with questions Name Check Employee Efficiency Below is a list of all the questions in this form What were the items ordered Rate how well the person behind the counter helped make your experience good How pleased are you with the service
21. Figure 4 2 shows the sequence diagram of the same process and shows all the classes involved When the user installs the mobile client application and runs it for the very first time he is requested to register with the server to establish connection The pre requisite for registering is that the user should have at least one Gmail account on his device and has Android Market application installed on the device Once the user selects the desired gmail account the device is registered on the Google s C2DM server and the deviceRegistrationID is forwarded to the system s app server residing on the Google App Engine Once the device has been registered the user information along with the deviceRegistrationID is stored on the app server s datastore Also after the device is registered the mobile device requests information about all the locations that it might be interested in Using this registration information the system can send relevant messages to the mobile device Messages are sent to the connected devices by the system when 1 New location is added to the system This message contains information regarding the newly added location so that the client device can add this location to its local database 21 Gmail account absent Add new Gmail account on device Send registration request to server Request PE Application installed a Registration Gmail Account present Service started with C2DM
22. Gaetano Borriello in April of 2008 at Google s Seattle offices It is funded by a Google Focused Research Award and supported by a growing community of developers implementers and users ODK are members of the OpenRosa Consortium and active participants in the JavaRosa project Before the establishment of OpenROSA consortium there were a number of free and open source tools available for gathering information collection of data on mobile devices This eventually led to a lot of implementations with each having a different approach but it lacked standards and openness This became the source for the birth of OpenROSA consortium whose goal is to foster open source standards based tools for mobile data collection aggregation analysis and reporting This solution conforms to standards based on XForms specification which is the official W3C standard for next generation data collection and interchange The openness of this solution and the above said conformance ensured that different projects could easily share code data ideas and the infrastructure JavaROSA is one of the successful projects that had its source in OpenROSA JavaROSA is an open source J2ME codebase that conforms to OpenROSA standards It is being developed for a wide range of application including disease surveillance household surveys and collection of longitudinal data for electronic medical records guiding health workers through medical protocols at the point of care and suppo
23. HITECTURE DESIGN se e e a aa ital a a 10 A E Ge ha GG 10 3 1 1 Presentation Tief cuclillas ln tan 10 3 1 2 A aS nn ce Mey cue ial nn 11 SoD Data TIRE A PS Me eee de ate ie 11 IL DESEA Considerations Ssnan NT en Aa 11 3 2 1 Google App Engine TV AI 11 3 2 2 Google Android sister einen needs A an aa Enae 12 32 3 Adobe PICK ttle A EE E te A den 13 3 2 4 Open Data Wit ODK Saone e e a a ie 13 3 2 5 Push vs Poll Methodologies ooooococnoncccnoncccnoncnononccononononnncconnnccnnnaccnnnos 15 AZ APOE Etat nn en AR en ae 15 3292 A nn a OE 16 3 2 6 Android Cloud to Device Messaging Framework C2DM 16 52 7 Wala Exchange Formato 17 4 IMPLEMENTATION iii ita 20 A OVERVIEW Se ts oa nds delo rotten lotes dulce el Laos o Mae as 20 4 2 Registration MoOduihe yiiicsssge nds ad csaannaegeedssussaaencseduataudabea teandedede nogeadecavedaataseseaaes 20 4 3 Form Bilder Modules ss diese dd 21 4 3 1 Question Attributes suisses 25 SLI HOM TYPES RS an E E E 26 42 2 ls ne nn ne he ne 26 4 3 2 2 Single Select PE ii sin tea irene 26 ES 2 MU Sec Pi 27 432A IE Type e eee 27 4 3 2 5 G olocation Type siii ini iiie a ra ai i eTii 27 43 20 Image TP 29 43 2 T A dio Typera a 29 4320 A 29 4 3 2 9 Image Tagged to Questions 4 31 4 3 2 10 Video Tagged to Questions 31 44 Location Builder Mod le sn nais res A 32 4 5 Form Submission Viewer Module nono nconncnnnnss 33 4 5 1 String Represent
24. Instead of the event place posting to its profile which make the feeds what if the users who visit that event place posted to the feeds Then there would be a whole stream of user submitted information be it text or audio or video or image available to everyone Using the proposed Momentary Assessment System one can explicitly ask the connected users to take part in answering the survey and this could be posted live onto a web stream This ability to connect to all the devices is achieved by sending C2DM messages to all the connected devices or a subset of devices based on the nature of the request 62 The Proposed Solution For example consider the recent scenario of earthquakes occurring in San Diego frequently One can gather real time information from the mobile users in San Diego to assess the severity or even the knowledge of its occurrence All that needs to be done is create a survey form then filter all the devices by San Diego region and then send a C2DM message waking the mobile clients to fetch the form and get the users involved When the mobile users upload these data on to the server the results can be used either as an analytical tool or as the above described live stream feeds The Figure 5 3 shows a survey form created using the Momentary Assessment System which could help prove to be a very useful tool in the context of the previously explained scenario Form creation editing panel Enter the details of the form and
25. MOMENTARY ASSESSMENT SYSTEM FOR MOBILE DEVICES A Thesis Presented to the Faculty of San Diego State University In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Master of Science in Computer Science by Supreeth Shanthakumar Fall 2011 SAN DIEGO STATE UNIVERSITY The Undersigned Faculty Committee Approves the Thesis of Supreeth Shanthakumar Momentary Assessment System for Mobile Devices f Ozturk Chair O af and Computer Engineering ly Department of Roger Whitney Department of Computer Science 8 14 7201 Approval Date Copyright 2011 by Supreeth Shanthakumar All Rights Reserved 111 DEDICATION In the loving memory of both my mom and dad iv ABSTRACT OF THE THESIS Momentary Assessment System for Mobile Devices by Supreeth Shanthakumar Master of Science in Computer Science San Diego State University 2011 The presence of the internet and World Wide Web in the contemporary world is undeniable This nature of the technology has helped in the growth of E Commerce which has penetrated into most or all types of businesses The World Wide Web also acts as a huge platform for marketing these businesses and wide range of services The advent of mobile devices has only helped in the evolution of E Commerce helping to reach out to a wider audience At the heart of the success of any product lies its ability to listen closely to their customer s needs and
26. Message serviceMessage locationService C2DMReceiver C2DMMessage ServiceMessage Location Service system android c2dm system android widgets system android widgets system android service data on the H H serveris j changed onMessage Context intent void H notifies all A H devices H execute void H execute void onStart intent int void H H processServerDataChange intent void A H manageAlerts boolean LocationObject void Iflocation has no form do nothing x LocationAlert Active State if edit location then add new proxirnity alert Initial State force registration Registration State fetch all locations proximity alerts setto all locations If location has form tagged remove all proximity alerts LocationAlert Deactivate State remove proximity alert sed to UnRegig ter Module rah UnRegister State remove Proximity Alerts Survey Trigger State fetch survey form 2d to Survey Retrieval Module control pa control p edit delete proximity alert Registered State ter Location Edit State editLocation on device in coming C2DM me Figure 4 35 State diagram for location alert module 49 The Figure 4 36 shows the sequence diagram explaining how the location alerts are set from the time the user registers to the system and the role of ProximityIntentReceiver Setting location alerts on the mobile
27. Questions 8 Total submissions 1 Sample S y Form Delete Form Show Submissions Export Submissions Questions in this form Prompt user to enter a string type Prompt user to enter an integer type Prompt user to select one or more choices Prompt user to select only one of choices Prompt user to collect geo co ordinates Prompt user to capture an image Prompt user to record audio Prompt user to capture a video Send Form to connected devices Figure 7 5 Form dashboard showing form details 3 75 Now the right side of the panel shows the details of the form selected Click on the Show Submissions button Note This button is disabled if there are no submissions yet for the survey form This brings up the submission viewer panel as shown in the Figure 7 6 It has a question carousel at the top to navigate through the questions available in the survey form Form Dashboard Lx Back to form details mil Lis E Show Next Question Figure 7 6 Submission viewer showing question carousel You can cycle through the questions be clicking on the two buttons on either end of the carousel You can also jump to particular question by clicking on the desired question number Also at the bottom end of this panel there is also details about the current opened survey form not shown in the Figure 7 6 To the left side it shows the name of the form and on the right side it shows the total submissions available
28. Registration Intent 55 Save Device registration A info on the app server amp on mobile client device _ Register device on Google C2DM Server User Registered y Device Registration zi failed Failure User not registered Figure 4 1 User registration activity diagram 1 Existing location is edited or deleted This message contains the locationID of the updated location which indicates that the client device needs to update or delete the already existing location with newer information 2 The system explicitly asks all the devices connected to take part in a survey For example in the event of an emergency or upon the occurrence of an event for which the administrator feels the need to gather information from the user For more information and format of these messages please refer Section 4 6 Data Change Notification Module 4 3 FORM BUILDER MODULE As mentioned before the ODK makes use of XForms to define and render a form The form builder module helps the users to generate a form using an intuitive user interface which is built on top of ODK s aggregate module He can then publish these survey forms to the users who are connected to the server 22 c2DMReceiver deviceRegistrar registerServiet C2DMReceiver DeviceRegistrar Register Servlet system android c2dm system android c2dm system appengine servlets H i i i i i i i i i i H i H i i i i i
29. Response TCP IP Database lo Google App Engine Server Server Container DATA TIER l BUSINESS TIER Figure 3 1 3 tier architecture of momentary assessment system 3 1 1 Presentation Tier The presentation layer is the one with which the end users interact with It consists of Adobe Flex application hosted on the web browser and also the Android application for mobile users 11 3 1 2 Business Tier The middle tier consists of the server side logic which interacts directly with the underlying database It has the implementation of servlets which are hosted on Google App Engine Java This layer is responsible for managing the communication between the web browser Android application and the database present in the Data layer It also comprises of the C2DM framework which is responsible for keeping the mobile devices updated with the latest data 3 1 3 Data Tier This layer manages the storage of the actual data Since the application is hosted using Google App Engine it comprises of the App Engine Datastore which is a schemaless object datastore with a query engine and atomic transactions The Java SDK includes implementations of Java Data Object JDO and Java Persistence API JPA interfaces as well as the low level datastore API 3 2 DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS This section discusses all the standards technologies and open source projects that were considered to build the momentary assessment system 3 2 1 Go
30. a question of consist these reviews are within the context space What is context Context is any information that can be used to characterize the situation of an entity where an entity can be a person place physical or computational object 8 There are different types of context as defined by G ker and Myrhaug 9 e Spatio temporal context What is the physical location of the user What is the time of the day Location has been frequently been used in context aware applications as it is one of the most useful context information e Social context The user s friends and relatives the user s social position e Environment context This relates to the information having to do with user surroundings and environment in a very general sense e Personal context What the user is interested in is the user suffering from any ailment does the user have allergies e Task context What is the user currently doing or will be doing in the future A service that uses context information as an input and adjusts its behavior accordingly is a context aware service We can give examples of such services e If we use a device to detect presence in a room to automatically regulate the temperature saving energy for heating and cooling if the room is unoccupied e The network connection on a mobile device automatically changes according to the user s preferences and location for example when a user is at work he can switch to wireles
31. ame Now your device is now connected to the service and ready to receive survey forms User Un Register Disconnect This section assumes that the mobile user has already registered the device on the server For more information refer How to Register section 1 Open the Android apps drawer from the home screen and the click on the application name In this case it s called MASFMD 2 Now the connected screen is show Click on the Disconnect button to unregister as shown in Figure 7 10 Once this button is clicked an appropriate progress bar is shown to indicate that the process has begun 3 Once the device has been un registered from the server the welcome screen is shown to the user Disconnect phone Figure 7 10 Android application how to disconnect unregister 79 CHAPTER 8 FUTURE ENCHANCEMENTS The Momentary assessment system described above has the basic functionality to prove the concept Taking into consideration all the technologies used there is lots of scope for improvement Currently the survey submissions are uploaded anonymously to the server The application can be further developed to include mobile user profiles to save a copy of that on the cloud keep track of the places he has been or those he might be interested in It could also help build a social network around the profile like adding avatars and linking to user s facebook profile The idea of momentary assessment system involves a
32. ams of the tasks involved in the survey form retrieval process DownloadFormTask This is an AsyncTask responsible for fetching the form using the formID provided by the location alert module and saves the local copy of the form xml Then the module contacts the server to check if there are any media files i e image audio video 52 gt Fetch form from server o i DownloadFormFetchTask executed f Initiate form fetch task t E user agrees to take partins urey OS Failed fetching the form exit lt gt Parse amp check if form Control is passed No media absent onto the ODK s e E FormEntryActivity has tagged media Form saved as xml file on the sdcard Yes media present DownloadFormmediaTask executed Controlis passed Errar E 0 onto the ODK s y J Download associated media files to device FormEntryActivity Error Failure Control is passed onto the ODK s FormeEntryActivity but questions with media will not show associated media Figure 4 37 Activity diagram for survey retrieval module files are present If there are any media files to be downloaded then another task is executed to do the needful DownloadFormMediaTask This is an AsyncTask responsible for fetching the all the media associated with the form Once the download process is completed and the form is fetched control is then passed on to the ODK s FormEntryActivity Th
33. ation jsicissesicastaessiccassncaacsdesoantaevescecvansddevesceeaasedesdacvastecans 35 4 5 2 Graphical Representation se anna meet nent ete 35 ADD Map Repr sentations RS is Re AE se 37 4 5 4 Image Viewer Representa OM A 38 4 5 5 Media Player Representa Ons ds diia 38 4 6 Data Change Notification Module 39 4 6 1 What is a Task Queue APT 39 4 6 2 Structure OF C2DNI Message ii 40 4 7 Submission Data Export Module 43 4B Amin Module imei ten 43 4 9 Location Service Module sti tii 45 4 10 Location Alert MOQUE nee MUR nn RS 45 4 11 Survey Retrieval Module nie a ineti tune 51 4 12 Survey Submission Module csccisc ssccssetsacesdecsensasvstaccvansdects sotseate dessaceantacanes 52 4 13 Unregister Modules a E E E EEE 54 3 USABLE APPLICATION Sa a eA iia 58 SA Scenario One zag unten nent Nine ne Mini 58 52 Scenaro TO a e nn ed ne 59 5 3 Scenaro A A A LE ES 60 6 DEPEOSMENT GUIDE a en Re 63 6 1 Setting Up Development Environment 63 6 2 Deploying the Application criminalidad edson reaens 64 6 21 VED ATCA ON ao ade 64 6 2 2 Mobile ElientApplicatO Lie 69 T USER MANUAL src o eases 71 8 FUTUREENCHANCEMEN Tui id 79 CONCLUSIONS SSSR a e 80 REFERENCES Sn nn RS en Sn nn ne AT eos 81 APPENDIX A ABBREVIATIONS sienne anni nent 83 Be USEFUL EINK S SSSR ne net a nds Rs 85 1X LIST OF FIGURES PAGE Figure 1 1 Momentary assessment system use case diagram 5 Figure 2 1
34. bile usage and data traffic Cisco Visual Networking Index VNI Forecast is an ongoing initiative to track and forecast the impact of visual networking applications on global networks One of their papers presented the growth trends and global mobile data traffic projections These studies revealed that global mobile data traffic grew 2 6 fold in the year 2010 which nearly tripled for 3 years in a row 12 The average mobile network downstream speed in 2009 was 101 kilobits per second kbps and in 2010 it was 215 kbps 12 The average mobile network connection speed for smartphones came up from 625 kbps in 2009 to 1040 kbps in 2010 The same study reported that average smartphone usage doubled in 2010 12 According to their research and study overall data traffic is expected to grow to 6 3 exabytes per month by 2015 which is a 26 fold increase over the year 2010 12 as shown in Figure 2 1 The following are a few factors in the growth of mobile data on average usage 12 e Mobile network connection speeds are going to increase in turn the average bit rate of content accessed through the mobile network will also increase This will lead to the increase in the proportion of streamed content as compared to side loaded content e The increase in battery life of mobile devices will increase mobile minutes usage W Mobile Data lt 6 o pa 4 2 o 2 S W 2 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 Figure 2 1 Cisco mobile data tra
35. by tagging a A Je of question can have video video lt value t value form video gt jr video questionl 3gp lt value gt text gt translation gt itext input ref videoTagType label ref jr itext videoTagType hint gt Any Type of question can have video tagged to it lt hint gt input Figure 4 15 Video tagged to question who has access to the system he then has to associate or tag it to a location When the user clicks on the Tag Locations button he is shown a list of all the locations that are currently available on the system so he can choose the appropriate one 4 4 LOCATION BUILDER MODULE This module provides an interface for the user to create and or edit locations on the system It supports all the available features of Google maps namely 33 e Options to change the map type i e Map Satellite Hybrid Terrain e Zoom in Zoom out e Map panning Each location in the system has the following attributes 1 Name This is the user viewable name of the location 2 Geo Co ordinates This includes the latitude and the longitude of the location 3 Radius Each location has an alert radius This radius is used to determine if the mobile user is within its purview and hence if the user should be alerted to take part in the survey 4 FormID A location can have zero or at most one form tagged to it Figure 4 16 shows the mapping of location objects with that of the form It also shows the schema
36. cation periodically checks to see if any data has changed on the server It might be a simple approach but a lot of times the data on the server isn t changing as frequently as the application might poll So it is obvious that this approach could take a toll on the battery life of the device This is because when we are polling or trying to access data or use data network we are powering up the radio Using the radio translates to the device consuming battery power And even after the data retrieval process is finished the radio stays on for a couple more seconds The impact of polling on battery can be explained based on one of the routine measurements taken by the Android team at Google 14 When the device is idle it might even have an open TCP connection with the server but there s no data being transmitted or received The baseline power drawn is about 5 8 milliamps mA But when we start reading data that same power usage can jump up to 115mA When we write start transmitting data the power usage jumps up to 180 200mA or even more which is costlier 16 than reading So for a short poll we might have consumed as much as 2 5 milliamp hours and this could add up If the application is set to poll every 5 minutes then that adds up to 144 milliamp hours which is quite a bit of battery usage A typical battery gives you about 1200 to 1400 milliamp hours so that s over 10 of the battery from one application polling every 5 minutes W
37. complaints In other words collection and analysis of valuable data from users or customers is the key This need also poses a problem of how to accomplish the data collection task without having to lose the essence of the users feedback or to gather the most accurate data possible This thesis project designs a new system which helps gather and aggregate sensitive data from users to help users have a better understanding of the data It takes advantage of the ubiquitous nature location awareness of mobile devices and prevalent web technologies to collect and analyze contextual data from the user The system allows the creation of survey forms which can be tagged to desired locations in the geographic space The information gathering process is triggered when a mobile user who has registered to the system enters any of these defined locations The process involves having these mobile users take part in real time surveys tagged to locations that the user enters This crowd sourced data can later be used to analyze assess an event or gather feedback about the place or location in question vi TABLE OF CONTENTS PAGE ABSTRACT A O v LIST OO PIG WIRES a E RINA ix ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS siii idad e xii CHAPTER T INTRODUCTI N sei 1 2 REQUIREMENTS FOR MOBILE ASSESSMENT SYSTEM seene 6 2 1 Momentary ASES MEL a isa 6 22 R le OF Mobile Technol de 6 2 3 Growth of Mobile Data austin litis 7 2 4 Location Based Services sn anatomie aiiis 8 3 ARC
38. contact information In contact information section s Role account email is the Google account that will be responsible for sending messages to C2DM Preferably it should be the same account that was used in How to create a new Google App Engine Application section Then click Submit button 4 The signup process may take up to 24hrs for approval You will receive a confirmation email once it has been approved Note You will not be able to send C2DM messages until the confirmation email has been received Creating a new Google App Engine application 1 Login to https appengine google com using your gmail account 2 Inthe next screen as shown in the Figure 6 3 click on the Create Application Google app engine mm gmail com My Account Help Sign out Welcome to Google App Engine Before getting started you want to learn more about developing and deploying applications Learn more about Google App Engine by reading the Getting Started Guide the FAQ or the Developers Guide Create Application 2008 Google Terms of Service Privacy Policy Blog Discussion Forums Figure 6 3 Google app engine new application welcome screen 3 In the Create an Application screen Figure 6 4 enter the Application Identifier and the Application Title Then click on Create Application button to complete the process Note The identifier used will result in the http lt app identi
39. device Proximity alerts are set for all the locations that are found in the database using the Google Android built in proximity alert API provided by the LocationManager class addProximityAlert double latitude double longitude float radius long expiration PendingIntent intent This method sets a proximity alert for the location given by the position latitude longitude and the given radius When the device detects that it has entered or exited the area surrounding the location the given PendingIntent will be used to create an Intent to be fired The fired Intent will have a boolean extra and if the value is true the device is entering the proximity region if false it is exiting Due to the approximate nature of position estimation if the device passes through the given area briefly it is possible that no Intent will be fired Similarly an Intent could be fired if the device passes very close to the given area but does not actually enter it Parameters required by this API e latitude the latitude of the central point of the alert region e longitude the longitude of the central point of the alert region e radius the radius of the central point of the alert region in meters e expiration time for this proximity alert in milliseconds or 1 to indicate no expiration e intent a PendingIntent that will be used to generate an Intent to fire when entry to or exit from the alert region is detected Removing location alerts o
40. dia items are listed and upon clicking each of them the appropriate media player is displayed to view and or hear the media Question types using this representation 1 Audio type 2 Video type 39 Figure 4 24 shows how media type submission is shown to the user It consists of a list of available media on the left hand column and the player on the right hand side Each of these media files can be viewed by clicking on the desired item in the list which triggers the player to stream the chosen media Question 8 Prompt user to capture a video Video File 2 Qu 0 00 0 00 e dal Figure 4 24 Media player representation for submission 4 6 DATA CHANGE NOTIFICATION MODULE One of the key challenges with the project was how to notify the mobile user s device when the data on the server has changed without using the age old polling technique which as explained earlier is not efficient Hence C2DM framework is used to communicate between the server and connected devices GAE s Task Queue API is used to send these messages to all the connected devices 4 6 1 What is a Task Queue API This API allows applications to perform work outside of a user request initiated by a user request Whenever an app needs to execute background tasks GAE allows us to use this API to organize work into small discrete units called Tasks The app adds tasks to task queues to be executed later In the event of any update delete or creation of a
41. e and input It was an honor and a privilege to work with you Last but not least thanks to all of my friends who always gave me a perspective on my project and who made sure that I was always on the right path CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION The presence of the internet and the World Wide Web in the contemporary world is undeniable Today almost everybody interacts with the web in one form or another Social networking being the biggest internet phenomenon has become an integral part of many lives which were targeted especially towards the younger generation The omnipresence nature of the web has expanded the reach of E Commerce which has made its way into all types of businesses Electronic Commerce 1 commonly known as E Commerce consists of buying and selling of products or services over the internet Apart from buying and selling of products it also includes the process of developing marketing servicing for those products This has grown at an exponential rate due to the widespread nature of the internet Supply chain management Internet marketing online transaction processing electronic data interchange inventory management systems and automated data collection systems are all part of the whole E commerce ecosystem The advent of mobile devices like smartphones PDA see Appendix A tablets laptops have only helped in the evolution of E Commerce A smartphone 2 is a high end mobile phone which not only has the basic telephony feature
42. e can scale the polling to every 15 minutes or so which would do a lot better of about 48 milliamp hours This gives rise to the question as to when we want to poll There is a tradeoff between freshness of the data and efficiency If you poll frequently we will have fresh data but the application is not going to be efficient If we poll less frequently the data is not going to be fresh but its better on the battery life However polling is completely appropriate for some types of content If we have content that actually changes constantly like stock quotes news headlines etc and the application is tolerant of showing slightly stale data you can poll very infrequently and then when the user is actually starting to view that data the application can then refresh the data But typically we don t want to poll we want to push to keep the data fresh and to reduce power consumption 3 2 5 2 PUSHING Push based systems provide both freshness and efficiency and they do that by only making use of data when it s useful In a push system an application or service will establish and maintain a persistent connection with a server in the cloud This allows the server to send data to the application only when data has changed On a commercial Android device push functionality is already in use for Google contacts calendar Gmail sync Google voice and also Android Market Implementing push based system on Android is possible since the Android API allows
43. e is first connected to the server i e when the user has registered it will contact the server to fetch all the desired locations which are already present in the system An example request url is given here http momentaryassessment appspot com locationListXML The above request to the server results in a response as shown in Figure 3 3 lt locations gt lt location id 1303178716615 name Sample Location 1 lat 32 77384246291378 Ing 117 07454094050595 radius 50 createdBy test example com gt lt location id 1303426809079 name Sample Location 2 lat 25 776958836969538 Ing 80 1767166868164 radius 250 createdBy test example com gt lt locations gt Figure 3 3 Data exchange format sample On the mobile client side this xml is data is parsed and the location details are gathered and saved locally on the device The above example shows how the exchange of data occurs in the system 19 20 CHAPTER 4 IMPLEMENTATION 4 1 OVERVIEW This chapter explains all the different modules that comprise the momentary assessment system Since the application has both the server side and mobile client side they have been broken up accordingly to give you an in depth view of the internal workings of the system 4 2 REGISTRATION MODULE This module is responsible for successfully registering a mobile device with the server The Figure 4 1 depicts the activity diagram of the user registration process
44. eates entities with data values stored as properties of an entity The app can perform queries over entities All queries are pre indexed for fast results over very large data sets 3 2 2 Google Android Android is an open source operating system for mobile devices Android was initially developed by Android Inc and sold to Google in 2005 On November 2007 the Open Handset Alliance OHA was announced amongst a consortium of several top companies The goal was to develop an open mobile platform every developer to contribute towards improving the performance and features of the product Android is built on top of linux kernel and GNU It is a software stack for mobile devices that includes an operating system middleware and key applications Android includes a set of core libraries that provides most of the functionality available in the core libraries of the Java programming language Developers use the Android SDK to build applications This SDK provides the tools and APIs necessary to begin developing applications on the Android platform using the Java programming language Every Android application runs in its own process with its own instance of the Dalvik virtual machine Dalvik has been written so that a device can run multiple VMs efficiently The Dalvik VM executes files in the Dalvik Executable dex format which is optimized for minimal memory footprint The VM is register based and runs classes compiled by a Java language compiler t
45. echniques for gathering data is paper and pencil self monitoring PM technique 10 which was used to gather information on behaviors related to drinking and other internal states like mood In this method participants would enter information on cards or books whenever the target behavior occurred Even though this method has the limitation of relying on self report it proved as effective or more as other traditional methods of measuring a situation But PM had some limitations that were not easily addressed despite its advantages which included possibility of faked data or deficient data and inability to provide base rate data which is important in establishing associations between potential antecedents like mood and the target behavior Ecological momentary assessment EMA 11 was one of the most sophisticated alternative to PM in which participants interacted with small hand held computers to initiate entries of the occurrence of a target behavior or event driven by location and respond to random prompts that provide base rate EMA techniques had advantages like data are collected in real time it could not be faked since each entry is tagged with a date time and participants could not skip items and must complete a standard interview which provides quality control of data 2 2 ROLE OF MOBILE TECHNOLOGY In today s world mobile devices act as the predominant means of communication The mobile telecommunication system transformed complet
46. ely into 3G or 3rd generation mobile telecommunications during the latter half of the past decade This meant that the mobile users not only could transmit voice over the communication lines but also data eventually giving birth to a whole suite of data rich services These services range from connecting with other users for example via email Instant messaging to a fully implemented mobile web browser enabling users to get access to the internet which was previously only possible through desktop computers 7 Ever since the advent of smartphones the number of mobile users have been growing at a great pace throughout the globe This growth and the personal nature of mobile devices provide businesses organizations a vast opportunity to establish their market into the mobile space There are already many services in practice which take advantage of the mobile nature like e Coupon services which can be shown on the mobile device at a local business to redeem discounts e Check in services which allows a mobile user to check in on a mobile app broadcasting his location to the entire world and also allows him to tag messages tips to the checked in business to help other people choose if the place is right for them e Navigation services which help users navigate around a city using the built in GPS system e Mobile advertisements 2 3 GROWTH OF MOBILE DATA TRAFFIC There are number of studies going on to predict the growth of mo
47. er auth token string 68 3 In the package explorer right click on the project folder and navigate to Google and click on Deploy to App Engine as shown in Figure 6 6 Note If you do not see the Google option then install the Google plugin for Eclipse Validate Team Compare With Restore from Local History DataNucleus Google Android Tools Figure 6 6 How to deploy to Google app engine Profile Using Speed Tracer GWT Compile Deploy to App Engine Web Toolkit Settings App Engine Settings 4 In the deploy popup screen as shown in Figure 6 7 enter the Google account that was used in How to create a new Google App Engine Application section and also the password Deploy Enter your Google account password Project MASFMD appengine Email lt appengine signed account gt gmail com Password App Engine project settings Figure 6 7 App engine deploy signin Browse Deplo Cancel 5 Before you click on Deploy button click the App Engine project settings link to check the application settings As shown in the Figure 6 8 choose the appropriate App Engine SDK In the Application ID text box enter the identifier used in How to create a new Google App Engine Application section Enter the desired version number and click Ok 6 Now click on the Deploy button to start the deployment process Note Look at console window on Eclipse t
48. ers end expect to agree to their terms and conditions which give them the right to send anonymous data back to the server The more people that participate the better and more accurate are the resulting traffic reports The rise of Web 2 0 paradigm has given way to the rise of the global phenomenon called Social Networking A social networking service 6 is a web based service platform that focuses on building social networks or social relations among people who for example share interests and or activities One of the most famous examples of social networking service which has become a household name is Facebook It is a web portal where people create profiles of themselves connect with friends and families share photos thoughts create events and send invites to those who are connected to them etc Due to sheer amount of people who are actively participating in these services on a daily basis businesses find this as the best medium to advertise their services and or products Another example of a social networking service which is focused mainly on acting as a platform for businesses to gather feedback from their customers is Yelp It is an online city guide that helps people find good places to eat shop drink play based on opinions reviews and ratings by an active local community 7 But there are some minor setbacks and or questions to this way of promoting business like how accurate these reviews actually are Also there arises
49. es using C2DM framework Each message has the following attributes action This specifies the type of action that needs to be performed by the client device actionID Contains the ID of the action that needs to be carried out actionName Human readable name of the item on which the action is being performed requestTimestamp It contains the timestamp created by the server at which this action was requested lt c2dm action formFetch actionID exampleSurveyForm actionName Example Survey Form requestTimestamp 1307261108630 gt Figure 4 28 Structure of sample C2DM message The different types of actions that the system uses to communicate with the connected mobile devices are formFetch Notifiable message Instructs the device that the user is requested to be part of a survey having the formID specified in the message attribute actionID locationUpdate Non Notifiable message Instructs the device to update the existing location having the locationID specified in the message attribute actionID Also the attribute actionName indicates the human readable name of the location locationAdd Non Notifiable message Instructs the device to add a new location having the locationID specified in the message attribute actionID locationDelete Non Notifiable message Instructs the device to delete the location having the locationID specified in the message attribute actionID For mo
50. ess roles or add new users to collaborate with your application as shown in Figure 7 1 There are 3 different roles which are provided by the Google App Engine server namely Owner Developer Viewer For this application all the 3 roles gives admin access to the momentary assessment system Once you enter the desired user email address choose a role and click on the Invite User button This will send a mail to that user asking him to accept this request Once he agrees to the terms then he can login to the momentary assessment system as an admin Data Invite a user to collaborate on this application Datastore Indexes Email Datastore Viewer Enter a complete email address Datastore Statistics Blob Viewer Prospective Search Invite user Role Developer Administration Application Settings Permissions Figure 7 1 Provide admin access to user Provide a user access to the system The owner of the application by default is the administrator All administrators have access to the system by default even if their email address isn t explicitly declared in the system If any general user tries to login to the system he will not have access to any of the modules and will be shown an Access Required message Hence the administrator needs to explicitly provide access to each user 1 Open the url http momentaryassessment appspot com on your browser and login to the system 72 2 Click on the Admin Pa
51. ete registrationID on mobile client update UI intent called 7 i i H H i H H H H H 4 i 4 H H H i i i H i f H i i 4 i H i f H H H i i H 4 4 H f i H i i H H H H 4 i H H 4 H 4 4 i H H 4 H 4 H H i i H H i H 4 4 i H 4 i H H H H f i 4 i 4 H i 4 i H i H f H 4 i i H i H H H H 4 i H H H i H H H f H H i removeAllLocations void setintroScreenContent void 7 H H i H i Figure 4 42 Sequence diagram explaining the user UnRegistration process 58 CHAPTER 5 USABLE APPLICATIONS 5 1 SCENARIO ONE This system can be used as an effective tool for organizations to assess the effectiveness of their customer service employees For the purpose of demonstration let s consider the example of a restaurant chain say Diner X The owner of this newly opened restaurant is very much keen on enhancing the customer service and to make sure that his employees are doing the best even in his absence The Proposed Solution During the weekly analysis he finds that on a particular day his sales declines every time Hence to investigate more into this matter he tailors the Momentary Assessment System for his business and publishes his service to the customer He logs in to the system creates a survey forms and tags it to the newly opened restaurant The Figure 5 1 shows a form created using the Momentary
52. ffic forecast per month by 2015 e As mobile network capacity improves operators are more likely to offer mobile broadband packages comparable in price and speed to those of fixed broadband thereby encouraging mobile broadband substitution e The shift towards unicast from broadcast video will affect mobile networks as much as it will affect fixed networks In unicast there is one data stream per user like Internet radio and Internet video Where as in broadcast there is one data stream which serves many users This shift means that traffic can increase dramatically even while the total amount of time spent watching video remains relatively constant 2 4 LOCATION BASED SERVICES Location sensitive smartphone devices expand the horizon of mobile services and makes way for Location Based Services LBS These are services that take advantage of the mobile users location and exploit any of the several technologies to locate or place the user in a geographic location to help provide relevant services It could either use Global Positioning System GPS or other location tracking and positioning systems Location tracking and positioning systems can be categorized by the techniques used to determine mobile device location Typically real time location systems RTLS can be grouped into four basic categories of systems 13 that determine position on the basis of the following e Cell of origin nearest cell e Distance lateration e Angle an
53. fier gt appspot com url for your application 66 Create an Application You have 8 applications remaining Application Identifier M cappspot com Check Availability All Google account names and certain offensive or trademarked names may not be used as Application Identifiers You can map this application to your own domain later Learn more Application Title Displayed when users access your application Figure 6 4 Google app engine create an application Exporting a Flex project Any changes made to the Flex project needs to be first exported and copied to the App Engine s war folder Before we export we need to make a few changes in the code 1 Signup for Google Maps API here http code google com apis maps signup html and obtain a key Open Constants as file in package system flex thesis utils found in the source code and change the constant GOOGLE_MAPS_KEY to use the obtained key In the same Constants as file change the constant URI_BASE to use the new application url http lt app identifier gt appspot com as explained in section How to create a new Google App Engine Application Note Please look for the already existing string urls and make sure that it adheres to the same format In the package explorer right click on the project folder and select Export Export dialog pops up as shown in the Figure 6 5 Select Build and export an optimized
54. for this form Tip Move mouse cursor over each of the buttons to get the tool tip as shown in the Figure 7 6 If you hover over the question number it previews the actual question title Export Survey submission data 1 2 In the main menu click on the Form Dashboard tab to bring up the dashboard The left side of the panel is a list of the forms available in the system Click on the desired form to bring up the details Now the right side of the panel shows the details of the form selected Click on the Export Submissions button A popup is shown asking the directory where the export data file needs to be saved Please choose the desired location and click ok This will save the exported data in an excel sheet Send forms directly to connected devices The Device Monitoring Panel is used to send forms directly to connected devices It has a list of all the devices connected with information on about those devices too Note The information showed currently in this thesis project is just for demonstration purposes only The system does not save any sensitive information like the phone number nor shares any shown information 1 In the application s main menu click on the Form Dashboard tab to bring up the dashboard 76 2 Click on the desired survey form from the list shown on the left side to view more details about it as shown in step 2 of How to view Survey submissions section
55. gulation e Location patterning pattern recognition With the advancements in technology and growth of mobile market these services become prevalent which were not possible on such a global scale a decade or so ago Location Based Advertising is one of the example which deliver context based advertisements With the emergence of mobile business and localization technologies a new type of marketing communication is possible Mobile advertisement with localization of the users All of these factors points to the need for a mobile assessment system which can communicate with the participant at any given time helping to gather sensitive analytical data instead of relying on the age old pencil and paper technique This thesis project follows the EMA technique and showcases a system to collect survey data from mobile users triggered by locations of interest or on demand by the owner of the application 10 CHAPTER 3 ARCHITECTURE DESIGN 3 1 INTRODUCTION The momentary assessment system described in this thesis project uses the traditional 3 Tier architecture A layered architecture of the system is shown in Figure 3 1 This chapter also briefly presents each system layer and its components Adobe Flex Rich Internet PRESENTATION TIER Application RIA me Ho ea i _ _ gt TCPAP Servlet Components HTTP Servlet Request Cloud to Device Messaging C2DM HTTP Servlet
56. hat have been transformed into the dex format by the included dx tool The Dalvik VM relies on the Linux kernel for underlying functionality such as threading and low level memory management 13 3 2 3 Adobe Flex The web client front end is built using Adobe Flex Flex is a highly productive free open source framework for building intuitive mobile web and desktop applications that make it a lot easier for users to view and interpret the data represented These applications are often called as Rich Internet Applications RIA Flex allows you to build web and mobile applications that share a common code base reducing the time and cost of application creation and longer term maintenance See Appendix B to get the link to the already deployed project as part of the testing process Flex uses ActionScript which is the core language of Flash player based on the ECMAScript standard The Flex SDK comes with a wide set of user interface components including buttons list boxes trees data grids several text controls and various layout containers Charts and graphs are available as an add on Other features like web services drag and drop modal dialogs animation effects application states form validation and other interactions round out the application framework In a multitiered model Flex applications serve as the presentation tier Unlike page based HTML applications Flex applications provide a stateful client where significant change
57. he mobile device he is alerted to act as a participant in the study or survey by answering the questionnaire After the user has completed the survey he saves the information and uploads the data to the server where this data is presented to the owner of the questionnaire to help aid in his study hence acting as an analytical tool As previously mentioned businesses need feedback from their users and this tool can help them in this cause Example a store owner can tailor the system to his business create surveys targeted to gather information regarding the user s level of satisfaction with the service and tag them to each of his store When a customer or a registered mobile user physically enters these stores he can take part in this survey and send his sensitive data anonymously back to the server Using this data the owner can assess how efficiently his staff is serving the needs of the customer This is just one example of how this system can be put to use in real life scenarios few more examples are illustrated in depth in Chapter 5 Usable Applications i General Visitor Registered Member Momentary Assessment System Membership Maintenance 7 Administrator Survey A anage Site Access Post Submission View Analyze Export Submissions Delete Forms Figure 1 1 Momentary assessment system use case diagram CHAPTER 2 REQUIREMENTS FOR MOBILE ASSESSMENT SYSTEM 2 1 MOMENTARY ASSESSMENT One of the common t
58. hey have actually been to a business e Lack of restriction Users can post reviews even if they haven t actually been to the business since there is no restriction or a gatekeeper to validate e Lack of user anonymity Since a user is required to create a profile before he can review or rate he might try to hold back on being completely honest to avoid being exposed On November 3 2009 a Yelp user in San Francisco 15 who had posted a criticizing review on a store had received angry messages and was once confronted by the owner of the store at his home This eventually led to the store owner getting arrested by the police The Proposed Solution The above stated drawbacks can be overcome by the use of a system which addresses all these issues A social networking website can be built using the Momentary Assessment System proposed in this thesis following the Web 2 0 paradigm e The business owners can create a survey form or use one of the generic forms pertaining to the nature of the business and tag them to their store This survey can consist of questions which would help users in judging the quality of the business The Figure 5 2 shows the survey form a fast food restaurant survey could have using the Momentary Assessment System The user enters the business which is detected by the mobile client app and then prompts to take part in the survey or review process The user answers all the questions and uploads the data to the server Th
59. ice class to check if a form is tagged to this location The service then contacts the server to get the form details If a form is tagged then the NotificationMessage class is executed to show a UI notification to the user indicating that he has been requested to take part in a survey In case there is no form tagged to that particular location then the alert is dismissed In the event of a location update C2DM message that is sent from the server to the connected devices then the Location Service module first removes the existing proximity alert for that particular location Then edit the information for that location on the device and then adds a new alert with the changed location values as shown in Figure 4 29 4 11 SURVEY RETRIEVAL MODULE This module is responsible for downloading the form and allowing the user to take the survey The Figure 4 37 shows the activity diagram for this whole process Once the user has been notified to take part in a survey and the user clicks on the notification then the form content has to be fetched from the server A new task is spawned to fetch the form Android AsyncTask is used to implement these tasks The Figure 4 38 shows the sequence diagram for explaining how the forms are downloaded once the user accepts to be part of the survey by clicking on the Continue button After the completion of fetching the form the control is passed on to ODK s FormEntryActivity The Figure 4 39 shows the class diagr
60. ion viewer Depending on the type of the question different representations are rendered user initiates in Flex app servlet request o A ee Gunmiesione FormSubmissionsXMLSermlet creates SubmissionXMLTable passes OdkID ofform Get rows amp headers from _ ResultTable SubmissionXMLTable gets ResultTable and build a ResultTable with odkID the result xml servlets resp is xml data arraycollection of submissions i fi Submission Viewer module 4 xml response typecasted to ArrayCollection in Flex app The appropriate representation is rendered depending on the type of question Figure 4 17 Activity diagram for submission viewer module The Figure 4 18 shows the sequence diagram for the submission viewer process The Figure 4 19 shows the class diagram for SubmissionXMLTable which is responsible for fetching the resultTable of the form The following section describes in detail the different types of representations for viewing the submission data 35 submissionXMLTable SubmissionXMLTable FormDetails formSubmissionsXMLServiet submissionXml Component mxml FormSubmissionsXML Servlet SubmissionXml system flex components system appengine serviets system appengine xmi system appengine table doGet HttpServletRequest HttpServletResponse woid getXML SubmissionList String HttpServletResponse String getResultTable Date boolean ResultTable generateRes
61. is crowd sourced data can be used to build a more complex reputation system whose representation could be a graph or a rating say 5 star system This leads to the possibility of creating a Web 2 0 application which is centered on a place of interest with data populated by relevant users 5 3 SCENARIO THREE This system can be used to trigger gathering of media information on demand during an emergency Twitter is a real time information network which connects users to the latest information about whatever it is that the user is interested in All the user has to do is follow 61 Form creation editing panel Enter the details of the form and populate them with questions Name Yelp like review service Below is a list of all the questions in this form What is your age group What items from the menu you ordered What was the wait time What was the order processing time Rate the customer service How pricey is the place Rate your satisfaction Please upload a picture of the place Would you recommend this place to your friends 1 location s tagged Tag form to locations Add New Question Save Form Delete Form Figure 5 2 Application Survey form to create Yelp like review system public streams of the desired person and read the information they post on their profile These small bursts of information are called Tweets This idea is user centered but what if we could make it event centered
62. is is responsible for parsing the form xml and rendering the user interface to answer the questions 4 12 SURVEY SUBMISSION MODULE After the user has answered all the questions required then he needs to upload that data to the server to complete the survey The Figure 4 40 shows the sequence of data control flow that occurs during the survey submission process 53 notificationMessage initiateSurveyActivity downloadFormTask downloadFormMediaTask formEntryActivity NotificationMessage InitiateSurveyActivity DownloadFormTask DownloadFormMediaTask 3 FormEntryActivity system android widgets system android activities system android tasks system android tasks org odk collect andro d activities user enters alert zone showNotification void user agrees to take part in the survey clicks button fetchForm View void setDownloaderListener FormDownloaderListener void downloadFile String String File progressUpdate String int int void formDownloadingComplete HashMap lt String String gt void checkForMedia void setDownloaderListener FormMediaDownloaderListener void downloadMedia String String String String void 7 formMediaDownloadingComplete HashMap lt String String gt void sendToFormEntry void control is passed to GDK s FormEntryActivity by calling startActivity Intent createView int Formindex View Figure 4 38 Sequence diagram explaining the survey retrieval process
63. l be presented as a question to the mobile end user Hint The system has the ability to declare hint to each question which is meant to help the user better understand the question in focus This field is optional Is Mandatory This field indicates if the question being defined has to be answered mandatorily to complete the survey Image The system supports tagging of an image to each question If an image is tagged then the user will be presented with that image along with the question This is optional Video The system also supports tagging of a video to each question If a video is tagged then the user will be presented with that video along with the question This is optional 26 4 3 2 Question Types This section introduces all the types of questions that the module currently supports It also provides a screenshot of how the question type will be displayed to the mobile user and a snippet of how it is defined in the form 4 3 2 1 STRING TYPE This question type is the most basic of all the types which accepts only String inputs by the mobile user as a reply This is very much similar to an input text field we are all familiar with in HTML forms The Figure 4 6 shows that only string type input can be entered by the mobile user When the user touches the text field the inbuilt keyboard of only String type is shown MASFMO m Example Survey Form lt translation lang English gt lt text id stringinputType gt lt value f
64. lar region and a popup appears with the tab Location Details selected to enter details of the location Enter the name of the location and choose the alert radius This alert radius corresponds to the region within which a form survey request must be triggered to the mobile user As you change the value of the radius on the horizontal scroll bar a visual feedback is provided helping you to easily determine the required radius Note You can pan around the map with the marker in place also If you close the popup for the marker then it can be viewed again by clicking on the marker itself Then click on the Save Location button A progress dialog popup is shown during the saving process and then the saved location is populated in the list on the left side of the panel Note You can also click on the already existing locations present on the left side of the panel to view their details In this mode there is a new tab which is added to the marker popup called Tagged Forms This tab shows the form currently tagged to that location View Survey submissions In the main menu click on the Form Dashboard tab to bring up the dashboard 2 The left side of the panel is a list of the forms available in the system Click on the desired form to bring up the details as shown in Figure 7 5 Form Dashboard Form Name FormName Sample Survey Form Created By Creation Date Mon Jul 11 03 48 47 UTC 2011 Number of
65. le by clicking the link below Download apk here San Diego State University 2011 Click here to login Login Required You currently have not logged in to the system Please click on the button below to login Login About Project MASFMD Momentary Assessment System for Mobile Devices MASFMD is my thesis project at San Diego State University 2011 The projectis built on top of Open Data Kit ODK which is an open source project for collection of data The study prototype aims to visualize a system or platform to gather momentary data from a mobile users context There by acting as a medium to assess events data within in a specific timeframe amp geographic location Powered by OpenDataKit ODK Figure B 1 Homepage of my master s thesis project 86
66. ll the questions are entered click on the Save Form button An appropriate progress dialog popup is shown during the saving process and then the page is redirected to the Form Dashboard panel Creating a new location The Location dashboard panel helps the administrative users to add locations to the system It uses Google Maps to render locations and supports all the standard Google Maps features except Street View 1 In the main menu click on the Location Dashboard tab to bring up the panel as shown in the Figure 7 4 Location Dashboard Enter address Search by address to add anew location or click on the map Click on the marker to add edit location details Click and drag the marker to set the San Diego State University PO Way erro BS Location Details pac desired location Location Name Viejas Arena SD Hardy Field SDS AquaPlex SDSU Parking Structure STA SDSU Peterson GYM ISC SDSU KPBS SDSU Adob LA N Syr Li gt a FOWEREREY Az Aqua IC Manhasset Or pare Radius Name RER 300 meters Figure 7 4 Location dashboard view fal Cleo sy Julie St p data hard St B17 Google Terms of Us 74 Follow the descriptive text on the left side of the panel to choose a location Once the location is chosen a marker is drawn on the map surrounded by a blue colored circu
67. location C2DM enveloped message is broadcast to all the devices registered on the server To broadcast this message the server 40 creates a task to fetch all the connected devices and then sends the message to each one The Figure 4 25 shows the activity diagram of how the data change notification module works after the user has made some changes to the system using the web application Add Edit Delete i Locations Servlets __ Process Add Edit Delete request a amp update datastore C20M broadcast message is created __ Initiate DataChange Notification Task ra Query all connected or registered Devices Background task started x Device receives C2DM message updates local database and edit proximity alerts Figure 4 25 Data change notification activity diagram The Figure 4 26 shows the sequence diagram for the data change notification module It shows how the task is created and how the control flows in the system upon change of data Queue queue QueueFactory getQueue send to all devices queue add TaskOptions Builder url sendToAll param msg msg The above snippet of code shows how to instantiate broadcast task and add it to the Task Queue where msg is the C2DM that needs to be broadcast To see the structure of the C2DM message please refer below send to all devices refers to a particular queue entry in the queue xml that needs
68. locationsList List lt LocationObject o updatedLocationObj LocationObject o isFetchAll Boolean SF PROJECTION_LOCATIONS String locationManager LocationManager e onBind Intent IBinder e onCreate void e onStart Intent int woid e onDestroy void manageAlerts boolean LocationObject void m fetchAllLocations List lt LocationObject gt m fetchLocation String LocationObject m fetchTaggedForm String C2DMMessageObject 46 e onRebind Intent void e onStart Intent int void e onUnbind Intent boolean m getLocation Location m reportLocation Location void lt lt Java Class gt gt ProximitylntentReciever ProximityintentReciever onReceive Context intent void Figure 4 32 Class diagram for LocationService notifying the mobile application that the user has entered into a region of importance and that certain action needs to be performed This module works in conjunction with the Location Service module to maintain the system on the client device making sure that all updates and edits to already existing locations are made to reflect on the device The Figure 4 35 explains how the module works Initially when the user has just registered to the system all the available locations are fetched from the server and a local copy is saved Then a proximity alert is set to each of those locations 47 Figure 4 33 Class diagram for C2DM message 48 c2DMReceiver c2DM
69. lp accessed July 2011 2011 A K DEY G D ABOWD AND D SALBER A conceptual framework and a toolkit for supporting the rapid prototyping of context aware applications Human Computer Interaction 16 2001 pp 97 166 H I MYRHAUG N WHITEHEAD A GOKER T E FAEGRI AND T C LECH eds Proceedings from the Second European Symposium EUSAI 2004 Eindhoven The Netherlands 2004 EUSAI R LORRAINE COLLINS T B KASHDAN AND G GOLLNISCH The feasibility of using cellular phones to collect ecological momentary assessment data Application to alcohol consumption Exp Clin Psychopharmacol 11 2003 pp 73 78 S SHIFFMAN AND A A STONE Introduction to the special section Ecological momentary assessment in health psychology Health Psychol 17 1998 pp 3 5 Cisco Cisco Visual Networking Index Global Mobile Data Traffic Forecast Update 2010 2015 Cisco San Jose California 2011 Cisco Enterprise Mobility 4 1 Design Guide Cisco San Jose California 2009 Ch 13 pp 1 9 D GHOSH Building push applications for Android Live session Google I O 2010 Google http www google com events io 2010 sessions push applications android html accessed July 2011 2010 82 15 WIKIPEDIA Yelp Inc Wikipedia http en wikipedia org wiki Yelp _Inc accessed July 2011 2011 APPENDIX A ABBREVIATIONS 83 OPO En ON A Re a D NO N N N N KN a a HF HF KF 2 m2 nm AAR S D S L o NAAR D S PDA GPS PM
70. n be run on the system curl https www google com accounts ClientLogin d Email lt appengine role account gt gmail com d Passwd lt account password gt d accountType GOOGLE d source https android clients google com c2dm send d service ac2dm Please ensure that this is one command copied exactly as shown and without any line breaks In the Email enter the one specified in Role account email text box as described in How to sign up for C2DM section as the parameter In the Passwrd please enter the password of the same account 2 If the command runs successfully then you will get an output in the terminal which consists of 3 variables namely SID LSID and Auth Please copy the complete alpha numeric string after the Auth and save it This is the user Auth token which will be used Deploying to the Google App Engine 1 Ensure that the two files exported from step 5 of How to export a Flex project is copied to the project name war folder Note If you want to change the welcome file please refer the web xml file in project name war web inf folder We have to include the user auth token obtained after completion of section How to obtain User Auth token in the app engine project Open the C2DMConfigLoader java in com google android c2dm server package of the source code Change the string constant USER_AUTH_TOKEN to the newly obtained us
71. n by typing in the website address does not have access to the system unless he is the administrator Hence that general user only sees the welcome page after he logs in using a Gmail account This module provides the administrator of the momentary assessment system functionality to provide desired specific users access to the application In order for the administrator to provide access to the desired user he has to add that user s emailID into the system using this module and grant him permission to use the system 44 FormDetails csvServlet submissionCswTable resultTable Componentmxml CsvServlet SubmissionCsvTable ResultTable system flex components org odk sggregate servlet org odk aggregate table org odk aggregate table user clicks i Pa apan exportSubmissions_clickHandler event MouseEvent void generateCsv String getRows List lt List lt String gt gt return list of rows Figure 4 30 Sequence diagram for exporting submission data The access to the system is regulated using the Users service provided by the Google App Engine java which lets the application integrate with Google user accounts With the Users service users can use the Google accounts they already have to sign in to the application The Figure 4 31 shows a sample code on how to use this service UserService userService UserServiceFactory getUserService User user userService getCurrentUser if u
72. n the mobile device Similar to adding proximity alerts Google Android built in API is used to remove the proximity alerts removeProximityAlert PendingIntent intent This method removes the proximity alert with the given PendingIntent This PendingIntent has to be the exact same as used when adding the proximity alert 50 locationService proximityintentReciever notificationMessage Location Service ProximityintentReciever NotificationMessage system android service system android service system android wdgets user i l registration successful fetchAllLocations List lt LocationObject gt manageAlerts boolean LocationObject void proximity alerts are set to all locations onReceive Context intent void user enters the alert zone control is passed on to the LocationService class fetchTaggedForm Sitring C2DMMessageObject execute void show Notification void Figure 4 36 Sequence diagram explaining the location alert process 51 Hence locationID is currently used as the unique qualifier to identify these pending intents This PendingIntent will perform a broadcast and receivers which are registered to listen to this broadcast are awakened ProximityIntentReciever is a class which implements BroadcastReceiver which listens to the broadcast messages It checks to see if the user has entered or exited the proximity region If the user has entered then the control is passed to the LocationServ
73. nel link button on the top right hand corner of the page to the left of the logout button The popup panel shown in Figure 7 2 is called the Admin Panel Here it consists of a list of all the already entered email addresses and an option to edit delete or add new users on the right hand side as shown in the Figure 7 2 Admin Panel Email ID This panel is used to give access to the system after they login Click on the list items to edit or delete already assigned permissions If you want to add a new user permission click on the button below _ Add new user permission Provide Access Add Cancel Figure 7 2 Admin panel to provide system access to users 3 Click on the Add new user permission button Enter the desired email address check the Provide Access checkbox and click Add Note If the Provide Access checkbox is not checked then the user email address will be added to the system but he will not have access to the system yet 4 If you want to edit existing permissions click on the respective email address on the list and edit it Creating a new survey 1 Open the url http momentaryassessment appspot com on your browser 2 Click on the Form Builder tab at the top to bring up the Form Survey creation and editing panel as shown in the Figure 7 3 Form creation editing panel Enter the details of the form and populate them with questions Name En
74. o check the progress 69 App Engine y a v Use Google App Engine App Engine SDK O Use default SDK App Engine 1 3 7 Configure SDKs Use specific SDK App Engine 1 3 7 Deployment Application ID C My applications Version 1 Existing versions Figure 6 8 App engine project settings 6 2 2 Mobile Client Application Here you are trained on how to successfully build the Android application sign it after which the resulting apk file can be forwarded to the user or uploaded onto the Android Market Build an Android application 1 Change the url of the application to the already created new App Engine application as described in How to create a new Google App Engine Application section Open the AppEngineClient java in system android thesis c2dm package of the source code Change the string constant BASE_URL to http lt app identifier gt appspot com 2 Change the C2DM messages senderID to the one specified in Role account email text box as described in How to sign up for C2DM section Open the DeviceRegistrar java in system android thesis c2dm package of the source code To do this change the string constant SENDER_ID to lt c2dm role account gt gmail com 3 In the package explorer right click on the project folder and navigate to Android Tools and click on Export Signed Application Package as shown in Figure 6 9 Note If you do not see the And
75. of the form datastore location datastore and how their respective media are tied to them FormLocationMapStore locID FormStore formName odo odkID viewableName creationUser creationDate updateDate originalForm FormMediaBlob FormMediaStore fileName downloadEnabled blobID key blobStoreKey blobStoreKey contentType odkID rc contentType A LocationStore questionName Figure 4 16 Database mapping for location and form module 4 5 FORM SUBMISSION VIEWER MODULE Once the form is created and the mobile users start submitting the survey answers the need for visual representation of this data arises to better help analysis of available data This 34 module provides a user interface to analyze the slew of submissions in an organized graphical manner The Figure 4 17 shows the activity flow when the user requests to view the submission data on the flex web application All the data that is stored on the server is retrieved by requesting it thought servlets and waiting for the response from them When the FormSubmissionsXMLServlet gets to process the request and odkID of the form is passed as a parameter in the request Using this odkID the result table which contains all the submission data is formed and retrieved from the datastore This is later converted into an xml string which is friendly in nature with the build flex application when then uses it to render the submiss
76. ogle App Engine Java The webserver is built using the Google App Engine Java framework with servlets accepting and processing the requests App Engine helps build web applications using standard Java technologies and run them on Google s scalable infrastructure The Java environment provides a Java 6 JVM a Java Servlets interface and support for standard interfaces to the App Engine scalable datastore and services such as JDO JPA JavaMail and JCache App Engine uses the Java Servlet standard for web applications We can provide our app s servlet classes JavaServer Pages JSPs static files and data files along with the deployment descriptor the web xml file and other configuration files in a standard WAR directory structure App Engine serves requests by invoking servlets according to the deployment descriptor 12 The JVM runs in a secured sandbox environment to isolate your application for service and security The sandbox ensures that apps can only perform actions that do not interfere with the performance and scalability of other apps For instance an app cannot spawn threads write data to the local file system or make arbitrary network connections An app also cannot use JNI or other native code The JVM can execute any Java bytecode that operates within the sandbox restrictions The App Engine datastore provides robust scalable storage for your web application with an emphasis on read and query performance An application cr
77. orm long gt Prompt user to enter a string type lt value gt lt text gt lt translation gt lt itext gt Prompt user to entera string type lt bind nodeset model stringinputl ype hpe string gt lt input ref stringinputType gt lt label ref jr itext stringinputType lt input gt Figure 4 6 String question type 4 3 2 2 SINGLE SELECT TYPE This type of question is used when the user is required to choose one and only one of the already defined answers It includes a list of options among which the user can select only one similar to radio buttons in HTML forms The Figure 4 7 shows the layout of single select question type If there are more choices than the screen can show at any time then the view will be made scrollable which enables the user to scroll through all the available choices 27 lt itext gt lt translation lang English gt lt text id singleSelectInputType gt lt value form long gt Prompt user to select only one of Prompt user to select only choices lt value gt one of choices lt text gt lt translation gt Choice 1 lt itext gt Choice 2 lt bind nodeset model singleSelectInputType type selectl gt lt select ref singleSelectInputType gt lt label ref jr itext singleSelectInputType gt lt item gt lt label gt Choice 1 lt label gt lt value gt choice 1 lt value gt lt item gt lt item gt lt label gt Choice 2 lt label gt
78. plication Here you are trained on how to successfully deploy the web application onto a Google App Engine server Pre requisites 1 You must have a working Google Gmail account 2 A new application must be created on the Google App Engine server with the same gmail account used to sign up as described in step 1 of Getting Started with Google App Engine project in Section 6 1 Setting up development Environment Signing up for Android C2DM In order for us to use the Android C2DM framework we need to sign up an account for Android C2DM which is currently in Google Labs developer beta as of July 2011 1 Go to http code google com android c2dm signup html 2 Read and agree with the Android C2DM Terms of Service 3 Inthe Sign up screen there are two sections namely Application Information and Contact Information It is very important that you provide the same package name of the Android mobile client app as shown in Figure 6 1 Then fill in all the rest of the application details as shown in Figure 6 2 Application Information Details we d like to know about your application Name of your Android app The package name of your app Figure 6 1 Android C2DM signup application information 65 Contact information Contact email Email address we should contact when you ve been whitelisted Role account email Google Account ID that will be used for sending messages to C2DM Figure 6 2 Android C2DM signup
79. re information about Notifiable and Non Notifiable message please refer section Location Service Module 43 4 7 SUBMISSION DATA EXPORT MODULE The main purpose of this application is to help the user to analyze data using a rich intuitive driven user interface This system also supports the feature to enable users to export the gathered submission data from the mobile users to an excel sheet The Figure 4 29 shows the activity diagram for the survey exporting feature This feature is already a part of ODK s aggregate tool and it has been used to save the submission data to a csv file This facilitates the user to analyze the data in any other manner he desires without having to be restricted to the ones represented by this system For more information please refer section How to export submission in the User Manual e user initiates export Fetch submissions a to export servlet request CS8VServlet processes Y c this request control is passed to ODK s aggregate export operation ResultTable is fetched for the form _ data written to csv file 3 Submission data OS is the response in the form of comma seperated Figure 4 29 Activity diagram for survey export module The Figure 4 30 shows the sequence diagram for the process of exporting submission data from the system which is then written onto a csv file 4 8 ADMIN MODULE When any user navigates to the applicatio
80. release quality SWF Adobe AIR or Native application installer t j Select an export destination type filter text General 4 Flash Builder GB Flash Builder Project fa Release Build 2 Run Debug 3 Team Figure 6 5 Export flex application 67 6 Select the Release build option and click Next Te The next screen prompts us to select the project and the mxml application that needs to be built The project name included in the source is MASFMD and the application is index mxml The default release build directory is bin release which can be changed as per requirement Then click Finish Now the release files are available in the directory specified in the previous step As per the above steps index html and index swf are the two files that are required for deploying on the App Engine server Obtaining User Auth token Before we actually deploy the Google App engine we need to first fetch the User Auth token which is used by the Android C2DM framework to send messages to devices that are connected This procedure is to be carried out just one time once it s in the system everything else is automated 1 We need to run the following curl script command to fetch the auth token Note If you are running on a Mac no setup 1s required just run the following command in the terminal But if you are running on a Windows PC then please ensure that curl commands ca
81. roid Tools option then install the ADT plugin for Eclipse 4 In the popup screen that appears provide the Keystore lt key name gt keystore gt to sign the application with If you do not have one then there is an option to create a new keystore within Eclipse For more information refer http developer android com guide publishing app signing html 70 5 Successful completion of step 4 will result in creation of an apk file which can be either published to Android market or forwarded to the users directly to install If you E E As Ju New Test Project Validate ld New Resource File Team kii Te Cross NO Export Signed Application Package Restore hora Local History Export Unsigned Application Package DataNucleus Display dex bytecode Google Rename Application Package Android Tools gt Fix Project Properties Figure 6 9 Export signed Android application package choose the latter then please refer the section How to install Android Application on the device 71 CHAPTER 7 USER MANUAL Provide a user Admin access The owner of the application by default is the administrator 1 2 3 Open the url https appengine google com on your browser and login Click on the appropriate application to get more details On the left hand side under the section Administration please click on the Permissions link This will shown a page where you can edit current acc
82. round locations which can take the form of stores restaurants localities or other businesses This could mean the further development of the location module to include store names branches associated with them instead of plain locations as implemented currently Combining this feature and the admin login we can have a user associated with each business which would help maintain the location specific activities On the mobile client side of the application we can add functionality to let the end users choose the category and or particular store restaurants etc that he would be interested in Furthermore the addition of an incentive system to encourage users to get more active on submitting reviews could prove helpful and a means to gather more traffic to the business This incentive system can be either discount coupon or keeping scores which could be later used to gift users 80 CHAPTER 9 CONCLUSION The main purpose of this thesis was to introduce an approach to gather information from the mobile client users driven by an event or location It also provides a user interface to analyze the data submitted by the mobile client users in an organized graphical manner The possible applications for this system have been described in detail with sample survey form templates in Chapter 5 Usable Applications It also shows how to build a system keeping in mind the existing standards so it can be compatible with other systems which follow
83. rovide system access tO Users 72 Figure 7 3 Form creation builder panel A CI GS 12 Figure 7 4 Location dashboard View ices A sei A 73 Figure 7 5 Form dashboard showing form details 74 Figure 7 6 Submission viewer showing question carousel cccesccecssceeeeeeeesteeeesteeeenaeeees 75 Figure 7 71 Device monitoring Pane le sean ne ee nn desde ENS 76 Figure 7 8 Settings to install Android application from unknown sources 77 Figure 7 9 Android application showing the sequence of the registration process 71 Figure 7 10 Android application how to disconnect unregister 78 Figure B 1 Homepage of my master s thesis project nono ncnonccnnno 86 xii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS No thesis project is a venture undertaken by one person It is indeed a collaborative effort requiring the support guidance amp advice of many I would like to thank my family back home who provided me with an opportunity and encouraged me to purse my Master s degree Without your unwavering support and help I could never have made it through this process To my brother who always inspired me to dream and encouraged me to follow through with it every time Special thanks to my thesis advisor and chair Prof Yusuf Ozturk Thank you for believing in me your patience your continual support and encouragement and also for your incredibly thoughtful guidanc
84. rting community health workers The ODK questionnaires are written in xml format and can be created manually or generated automatically using an online interface It provides the following modules as part of their open source set of tools e Build This is a tool to build the form or survey 15 e Collect This uses the Android platform to collect information from the mobile user which supports various methods of input e g video audio photo GPS location e Aggregate This is a ready to deploy server repository to manage the data collected provide interfaces to extract data e g spreadsheets queries etc This is implemented on the Google App Engine which frees the users from setting up their own scalable web service The other tools in the suite Manage Validate and Voice were not used as a part of this thesis project 3 2 5 Push vs Poll Methodologies The emergence of mobile devices as the leading personal communications devices has attracted organizations and marketers as a platform to deliver their services Most of the modern services don t restrict data to reside only on the device but instead in the cloud or server One of the fundamental challenges for these types of mobile applications services is how to keep the data on the device fresh and up to date There are two basic techniques to accomplish it namely polling and pushing 3 2 5 1 POLLING This is a fairly simple technique to implement In polling the appli
85. s Instructions to use the Android application User Registration This section assumes that the mobile user has already installed the application on the device For more information refer How to install Android Application on the device section 1 2 Open the Android apps drawer from the home screen and the click on the application name In this case it s called MASFMD You will be greeted by the welcome screen then click on the Next button 77 Unknown sources Manage applications Running services ne Battery use Development Figure 7 8 Settings to install Android application from unknown sources This brings up the registration screen which contacts the server to establish connection Choose the Google account you want to use to register with and then click next The device This brings up the registration screen which contacts the server to establish connection Choose the Google account you want to use to register with and then click next The device is now connecting to the server and an appropriate Connecting progress bar is displayed The Figure 7 9 shows the stages of this registration process Note Please make sure that data connection is available gmail gmail gmail com gmail com Figure 7 9 Android application showing the sequence of the registration process 78 5 Once the register is completed you are navigated to a new screen which confirms the s
86. s LAN e During a meeting all but emergency incoming calls are redirected to the user s voice mail 4 This study aims at collecting contextually rich momentary data from the user focusing on the user s current physical location which can be later used for analysis What is momentary data It is considered as the data or the information that the subject can provide while they are still actively engaged in a task or at the time when the target behavior has occurred in the moment This data can be more accurate and helpful than the information which can be provided after a certain period of time since the occurrence of the event or target behavior While the user is still engaged he can provide a more detailed description of his mood The Figure 1 1 describes the process employed by the momentary assessment system It consists of a form builder module which helps the users with admin privileges to create survey questionnaires and tag them to particular locations which also can be created using the system The questionnaires can request multiple types of input from the users like a question can request a text number only entry or even ask the user to capture an image video or an audio message When the mobile users register to this service they agree to be part of the survey when they find themselves in those already chosen points of interest When the mobile user enters these zones of interest which is detected by the built in GPS on t
87. s but also houses rich multimedia capabilities like high resolution touchscreens built in cameras GPS navigation Wi Fi and mobile broadband access With the birth of these devices every business has expanded their services to tailor to this growth by building mobile applications and mobile friendly websites These devices provide a ground for huge market consumption One of the key ingredients for the success of any business or a study is the feedback they get from consumers users or participants There is a demand for analytical tools which help these organizations to make their services more tailored to the audience at hand The more data or information they get back from the users the better it is for them to assess the situation and view from the consumers perspective what they truly feel or what they truly need One successful method to accomplish this task is called crowdsourcing This is a term coined jointly by Jeff Howe in June 2006 issue of Wired magazine article The Rise of Crowdsourcing 3 which describes a new model based on web technologies helping business harnesses the creative solutions of a network of distributed individuals through what amounts to an open call for proposals Howe defines 3 crowdsourcing as the act of a company or institution outsourcing a function to a network of people in the form of an open invitation which was once performed by employees This can not only take the form of peer production but also
88. s to the view do not require loading a new page Similarly Flex and Flash Player provide many useful ways to send and load data to and from server side components without requiring the client to reload the view Though this functionality offered advantages over HTML and JavaScript development in the past the increased support for XMLHttpRequest in major browsers has made asynchronous data loading a common practice in HTML based development as well The Flex 4 development environment is called Adobe Flash Builder formerly known as Adobe Flex Builder which includes the Flex compiler from Adobe The framework has been designed for continuous collaboration between designers and developers 3 2 4 OpenDataKit ODK The entire momentary assessment system is built on top of Open Data Kit It is an open source suite of tools that helps organizations author field and manage mobile data collection solutions Their goals are to make open source and standards based tools which 14 are easy to try easy to use easy to modify and easy to scale See Appendix B for the link to ODK source code ODK s core developers are researchers at the University of Washington s Department of Computer Science and Engineering department and active members of Change a multi disciplinary group at UW exploring how technology can improve the lives of under served populations around the world ODK began as a google org sponsored sabbatical project under the direction of
89. ser null user has logged in else user has not logged in hence send login url resp sendRedirect userService createLoginURL req getRequestURI Figure 4 31 Sample Google app engine user service code 45 4 9 LOCATION SERVICE MODULE This module is responsible for listening to any data change notification that is sent by the server when there is any change in the system as explained in section Data Change notification module When the mobile client receives these messages it wakes up the application s background location service module and indicates that something on the server side has changed This is responsible for registering all the updates that the device receives from the server and takes appropriate action based on the nature of the message sent The Figure 4 32 shows the class diagram for LocationService which is the background service responsible for keeping the location data updated on the mobile client device The operations carried out by this service are determined by the nature of intent with which it was started The operations are defined primarily by the C2DM messages sent from the server to all the connected mobile devices As show in Figure 4 33 C2DM Messages are broadly classified as e Notifiable messages The messages which require UI or foreground notifications come under this category An example of this type can be when the server broadcasts a message to a device explicitly asking the
90. st HttpServietResponse void saveForm String List lt String gt HttpServletRequest HttpServletResponse woid saveFormLocMapping List lt String gt String EntityManager String void saveFormService_resultHandier ResultEvent void check if media is tagged to form initiatelmageUpload void initiate Video Upidad void doPost HttpServietRequest HitpServietResponse void show popup message to the user Figure 4 4 Sequence diagram showing the process of saving a form 25 lt xml version 1 0 gt lt h html xmins http www w3 org 2002 xforms xmins h http www w3 org 1999 xhtml xmins ev http www w3 org 2001 xml events xmlns xsd http www w3 org 2001 XMLSchema xmins jr http openrosa org javarosa gt lt h head gt lt h title gt Example Survey Form lt h title gt lt model gt lt instance gt lt model id exampleSurveyForm gt lt stringInputT ype gt lt model gt lt instance gt lt bind nodeset model stringInputType required true type string gt lt model gt lt h head gt lt h body gt lt input ref stringInputType gt lt label gt Prompt user to enter a string type lt label gt lt input gt lt h body gt lt h html gt Figure 4 5 Sample form definition 4 3 1 Question Attributes Each of the questions in the form requires the following attributes to successfully define themselves 1 Label This attribute represents the actual text that wil
91. t in Encapsulate form details in xml post data to FormSa ODK s Aggregrate FormParser parses the xml string and saves the form to datastore Generate XForm xml data Servlet recieves request parses the xml data and builds FormObject no locations are tagged present Save form location mapping to FormLocationMapStore servlet response Send success response with the formiD Form saved successful msg no media tagge d 0 is shown to the web user heck if media iterns are tagged to quest Flex app gets response saves formlD Form saved successful msg is shown to saves data and sends resp the web user Figure 4 3 Activity diagram for form builder module Figure 4 4 shows the sequence diagram to explain the flow of control when a new survey form is being created by the administrative user who has access to the system Figure 4 5 shows the xml data that is generated by the form builder module for a sample survey form This generated xml follows the XForms standards FormCreation formSaveServiet formMediaUploadServiet Panel mxml FormSaveServiet FormMediaUpload Servlet system_flex components system appengne servlets system appengine serviets user creates form clicks on submit saveForm void doPost HttpServietRequest HttpServietResponse void parseFormDoc Document HttpServietReque
92. ter the form name here Question Enter the question here IsLive O Hint Hints are optional Mandatory Currently there are no questions in this form Type Text X Users will be prompted to type in the answer o ocation s tagged Tag form to locations Attach Image Save Question Cancel Question Figure 7 3 Form creation builder panel 73 3 Enter all the details and start adding questions to the survey form by clicking on the Add New Question button which brings up the question creator panel on the left 4 Enter the question text and hints if required You can also check the Mandatory option if you want the mobile user to mandatorily answer the question The field Type refers to the types of questions currently supported by the system Click on the dropdown box to bring them up and select the desired option Note A brief help text is shown below the field corresponding to the selected question type Image can also be tagged to each of these questions by clicking on the Attach Image button and choosing the desired image file Then click Save Question button to add to the list To tag location to the survey form click on the Tag form to locations button This brings up a pop up with a list of all the available locations in the system Note Refer the section How to create a new location for more information There is form validation included to help you Once a
93. the same norms This project also introduces Google s C2DM framework and how to take advantage of its functionalities The Android application was tested on devices which were equipped with Android 2 2 a k a Froyo and above The screenshots taken to illustrate it were taken on Nexus One device running Android 2 3 a k a Gingerbread The web client was tested on Google Chrome Mozilla Firefox browsers with Adobe Flash Player v10 3 181 26 installed on it 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 81 REFERENCES WIKIPEDIA Electronic commerce Wikipedia http en wikipedia org wiki Electronic_commerce accessed July 2011 2011 WIKIPEDIA Smartphone Wikipedia http en wikipedia org wiki Smartphone accessed July 2011 2011 J HOWE Crowdsourcing A definition Crowdsourcing http crowdsourcing typepad com cs 2006 06 crowdsourcing_a html accessed July 2011 2006 M VUKOVIC S KUMARA AND O GREENSHPAN eds Proceedings from UbiComp 10 Copenhagen Denmark 2010 UbiComp D BARTH The bright side of sitting in traffic Crowdsourcing road congestion data Google Blog http googleblog blogspot com 2009 08 bright side of sitting in traffic html accessed July 2011 2009 WIKIPEDIA Social networking service Wikipedia http en wikipedia org wiki Social_networking_service accessed July 2011 2011 YELP What is Yelp Yelp http www yelp com faq what_is_ye
94. to be created in the war WEB INF folder The structure of the xml file is shown in Figure 4 27 4 6 2 Structure of C2DM Message The C2DM messages are sent from the server to all the connected devices indicating the nature of the data change on the server Depending on the attributes set in this C2DM message the client devices make appropriate changes on the local database 41 FormDashboard LocationDeleteServiet sendToAllDevicesServlet mxml Location Save Servlet SendToAllDevices Servlet system flex components system appengine serviets system appengne servlets i i i doPost HttpServletRequest HttpServletResponse void i H H persistLocation LocationStore EntityManager void i notifyLocationDataChan ge String void send to all devices task started notifyEachDevice HitpServietResponse String Boolean List lt Devicelnto gt woid i i i i H H i i i i i i i i H i i Figure 4 26 Sequence diagram for data change notification lt xml version 1 0 encoding utf 8 gt lt queue entries gt lt queue gt lt name gt c2dm lt name gt lt rate gt 10 s lt rate gt lt queue gt lt queue gt lt name gt send to all devices lt name gt lt rate gt 10 s lt rate gt lt queue gt lt queue entries gt Figure 4 27 Structure of queue xml 42 The Figure 4 28 shows the structure of a sample message which is broadcast to all the devic
95. to submit the data to the server When the user clicks on the submit button an Android service is initiated to begin the submission process UploadInstanceService is the background service responsible for uploading the survey submission data completed by the user It provides a visually rich feedback to let the user know what exactly is happening as shown in the Figure 4 41 4 13 UNREGISTER MODULE The UnRegister Module allows the user to unregister himself from the server As with the Registration module the server again contacts the Google s C2DM server to let it know that there won t be any C2DM messages that will be sent to that device and hence to delete it from their datastore Once this is confirmed the user information is deleted from the server and the user no longer has communication with it The Figure 4 42 shows the sequence diagram for the mobile user unregistration process After the successful completion of this process the Location service module takes control to remove all the location alerts currently active on the client device 55 uploadinstanceService instanceUploaderTask InstanceUploaderTask Submission Servlet Uploadinstance Service system android service user completes survey clicks onf submit button onStart intent int void execute Params AsyncTask lt Params Progress Result gt
96. ulT able Date boolean ResultTable retum ResultTable encapsulate submission data in xml resp getWriter print String i i i i i i i Figure 4 18 Sequence diagram for submission viewer process 4 5 1 String Representation This is the simplest form of representation available on the system It consists of a list of strings ordered chronologically on submission date as shown in Figure 4 20 Question types using this representation 1 String type This form of representation consists of 3 types of graphs charts 1 Pie Chart 2 Bar Chart Column Chart 4 5 2 Graphical Representation Question types using this representation 1 Multi Select type 36 Figure 4 19 Class diagram for SubmissionXMLTable Question 1 Prompt user to enter a string type Showing how string input type Looks on the form submission viewer module Sample text Sampling text again Figure 4 20 String representation for submission 37 2 Single Select type 3 Integer type Figure 4 21 shows how a summary of data is presented to the viewer who has an option to dynamically change the type of graph he wants to view by clicking on the desired Chart button Bar Chart Column Chart Question 3 Prompt user to select one or more choices Choice 2 Total Count 3 21 42 Choice 3 Choice 1 Total Count 2 _ _ Total Count 2 14 28 14 28 Choice 4 Total Count 3 Choice 5 21 42 Total Count 4 28 5
97. user to be a part of a survey upon which the application shows an UI notification using the Android notification manager e Service Non Notifiable messages These messages does not require any user intervention to complete the requested operation successfully An example can be when there is a change in the attributes of a particular location the server broadcasts a message to all the devices and asks them to update the changed attribute The Location Service module also ensures that the mobile client device is in sync with the data present on the server at any given time The Figure 4 34 shows the sequence diagram to explain the process 4 10 LOCATION ALERT MODULE This module is responsible for detecting if the user mobile device is physically present within the desired range of location As defined earlier each location has the geo co ordinates and the alert radius as its attribute A local copy of this information is stored on the mobile device s database When the user is connected to the service it contacts the server to fetch all the locations and sets proximity alerts to those existing locations These alerts are responsible for a locManager LocationManager SF HANDLER_MSG_FETCH_ADDRESS int o isGPSListener Boolean a minAccuracy int a currentAddressFound List lt Address gt e onBind Intent IBinder O onCreate void onDestroy void lt lt Java Class gt gt Location Service Sof TAG String
98. xt gt lt bind nodeset model multiSelectInputType type select gt lt select ref multiSelectInputType gt lt label ref jr itext multiSelectInputType gt lt item gt lt label gt Choice 1 lt label gt lt value gt choice 1 lt value gt lt item gt lt item gt lt label gt Choice 2 lt label gt lt value gt choice2 lt value gt lt item gt lt select gt Figure 4 8 Multi select type question Prompt user to enter an integer type lt itext gt lt translation lang English gt lt text id integerInputType gt lt value form long gt Prompt user to enter an integer type lt value gt lt text gt lt translation gt lt itext gt lt bind nodeset model integerInput Type type int gt lt input ref integerInputType gt lt label ref jr itext integer InputType gt lt input gt Figure 4 9 Integer type question 29 lt itext gt ARE Rel RES lt translation lang English gt J e Prompt user to collect geo lt text id geopointInputType gt co ordinates lt value form long gt Prompt user to collect geo co This ion ordinates lt value gt lt text gt Record Location lt translation gt lt itext gt lt bind nodeset model geopointInputType type geopoint gt lt input ref geopointInputType gt lt label ref jr itext geopointInputType gt lt hint gt This will get gps location lt hint gt lt input gt Figure

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