MIC-3753 User`s Manual
Contents
1. Bit map of port configuration register Note A control word has no effect if a jumper sets the corresponding port as an output port Warning Before setting any port as an output port via software make sure that a safe output value has also been set An output voltage will appear at the pins immediately following the control word taking effect If no output value was specified the value will be Indeterminate either 0 or 1 which may cause a dangerous condition Initial Configuration The initial configuration of each port depends on the input output switches setting of each port on the setting of the jumper JP1 and on whether the power was actually disconnected or whether the system was hot reset If jumper JP1 is not enabled all ports configured by software are automatically set as input ports during system start up or reset with a default signal level of logic 1 high All ports set via switches as output ports are set as output ports during system start up or reset signal level logic 0 0 V If the jumper JP1 is enabled and the initial configuration is caused by a reset all ports will return to the states they had just prior to the reset The reset must be a hot reset power not disconnected for enabled JP1 to return ports to their prior values Otherwise the card behaves as though JP1 were not enabled Please refer to Jumper amp Switches settings in Chapter 2 for more information Chapter 3 Operations 23 Dry Contac2. MIC 3753 User Manual Interrupt Source Control The mode bits in the interrupt control registers determine the allowable sources of signals generating an interrupt For the MIC 3753 bit 4 and bit 5 of Base 16 determine the interrupt source of port CO bit 4 and bit 5 of Base 17 determine the interrupt source for port C1 and so forth Please refer the table in Appendix A to find the corresponding address for the interrupt source control of each port C The following table shows the relationship between an interrupt source and the values in the mode bits Base 16 Port0 Mul M00 Description 0 0 Disable interrupt 0 1 Source PC00 1 0 Source PC00 and PC04 1 1 Disable interrupt Base 17 Portl MII M10 Description 0 0 Disable interrupt 0 1 Source PC00 1 0 Source PC00 and PC04 1 1 Disable interrupt Base 18 Port2 MII M10 Description 0 0 Disable interrupt 0 1 Source PCOO 1 0 Source PCOO and PC04 1 1 Disable interrupt Table 3 3 Interrupt mode bit values Interrupt Triggering Edge Control The interrupt can be triggered by a rising edge or a falling edge of the interrupt signal selectable by the value written in the triggering edge control bit in the interrupt control register as shown in following table En n 0 2 Triggering edge of interrupt signal 1 Rising edge trigger 0 Falling edge trigger Table 3 4 Triggering edge c
3. MIC 3753 has been designed with ease of use in mind It is a plug and play card i e the system BIOS assigns the system resources such as base address and interrupt automatically There are only two functions with one jumper and three switches on the MIC 3753 The following section describes how to configure the card You may want to refer to the figure below for help in identifying card components PC19030 MIC3753 REV A1 01 1 Figure 2 2 Location of connectors and jumpers 16 MIC 3753 User Manual Switch SW2 SW3 SW4 Settings to Set Ports as Input or Output by Software When the switch of JPAO JPB0 JPCOL JPCOH JPA1 JPB1 JPCIL JPC1H JPA2 JPB2 JPC2L or JPC2H are all OFF i e by setting the switch the corresponding ports are set to be configurable as input or output ports by software PAO means switch pin for port AO PBO means switch pin for port BO etc See Figure 2 3 amp Table 2 1 NEK ON ank Figure 2 3 Switches SW2 SW3 SWA4 to Set Ports as Output Ports By Setting the switches of PAO PBO PCOL PCOH DAT PB1 PCIL PCIH PA2 PB2 PC2L or PC2H ON a user sets the corresponding ports to be output ports PAO means switch pin for port AO PBO means switch pin for port BO etc The initial state of each of these ports after system power on or reset will
4. be logic 0 voltage low unless jumper JP1 determines otherwise See Jumper JP1 below KEK ON AAAS Figure 2 4 Chapter 2 Hardware Installation 17 Set port as Set port I O by Switch Output software PCOL ON OFF PBO ON OFF SW2 PCOH ON OFF PAO ON OFF PC1L ON OFF PB1 ON OFF SW3 PC1H ON OFF PA1 ON OFF PC2L ON OFF PB2 ON OFF SW4 PC2H ON OFF PA2 ON OFF Table 2 1 Switches Setting Jumper JP1 Restores Ports to Their Condition Prior to Reset Jumper JP1 gives the MIC 3753 a new and valuable capability With JP1 enabled i e by shorting the lower two pins of JPL the MIC 1753 memorizes all port I O settings and output values and in the event of a hot reset the settings and output values present at the port just prior to reset are restored to each port following reset This feature applies to both ports set by software and to ports configured as output ports via a jumper Depending on the application this capability may allow a card to be reset without requiring a complete shutdown of processes controlled by the card since port values are left unchanged and are interrupted only momentarily 18 MIC 3753 User Manual Complete loss of power to the chip clears chip memory Thus even if JP1 is enabled if the power to the card is disconnected the card s initial power on state will be the state of an input port with voltage high input for software set port
5. external circuitry when no voltage is present in the external circuit Reset Protection Fulfills the True Requirement of Industrial Applications When the system is hot reset the power is not turned off the MIC 3753 can either retain the last I O port settings and outputs value or return to its default configuration depending on the jumper setting This function protects the system from wrong operations during unexpected system resets 2 MIC 3753 User Manual Interrupt Functions Ensure Faster System Response Two lines of each port C i e ports CO C1 and C2 are connected to an interrupt circuit The Interrupt Control Register of the MIC 3753 controls how these signals generate an interrupt More than one interrupt request signals can be generated at the same time and then the software can process these request signals by ISR The multiple interrupt sources provide the card with more capability and flexibility The MIC 3753 also provides a Pattern Match interrupt function for port AO The card monitors the states of port AO and compares them with a pre set pattern When the received state matches the pre set pattern the MIC 3753 generates an interrupt signal to the system The Change of State interrupt function is provided at port BO When any signal line of port BO changes its state the card generates an interrupt to the system to handle this event These interrupt functions release the CPU from the burden of pollin
6. iaa 6 L BLOCK DORENNER aan H Chapter 2 HARDWARE INSTALLATION 2 0s 00s 000000000000000000000 9 2 1 UNPACKING u aa wdowa wa a a aan 10 2 2 HARDWARE INSIALLATION i 12 2 3 BOARD LAYOUT DIMENSIONS i 15 Chapter 3 OPERATION eorscerrerrrerrresreeer ie sese sese seco esce neenecenicerionecenecene 21 SR AE 22 3 2 DIGITAL VO PORTS cuac titles 22 3 3 INTERRUPT FUNCTIONS iii 25 APPENDIX A REGISTER FORMAT 22222222 2020000000000000000000000000 31 A l REGISTER FORMAT 32 1 1 Introduction The MIC 3753 is a 72 bit digital I O card for the CompactPCI bus The card emulates mode 0 of the 8255 PPI chip but the buffered circuits offer a higher driving capability than the 8255 The 72 1 O lines are divided into nine 8 bit I O ports A0 BO CO Al BI CI A2 B2 C2 You can configure each port as input or output via software Easy to Install Plug and Play The MIC 3753 uses a PCI controller to interface the card to the CompactPCI bus The controller fully implements the PCI bus specification Rev 2 1 All bus relative configurations such as base address and interrupt assignment are automatically controlled by software Dry Contact Support for Digital Input Each digital input channel at the MIC 3753 accepts either 0 5 Voc wet contact or dry contact inputs This dry contact capability allows the channel to respond to changes in external circuitry e g the closing of a switch in the
7. Introduction 5 1 5 Pin Assignment GND 20 GD pc27 2 39 _ pc26 PC25 8 o 2 cas PC23 38 _ pc22 pc21 oO rc o PB27 16 oO pR26 PB25 OE pza PB23 7 36 _ mc mo O mon PA27 35 pave PA25 o 5 PA24 pa23 34 pape par amp Oo pazo cp 3 _ GND PC17 13 pc 6 PCI5 o Pea pcia 12 pc 2 PCII A pc o PB17 LL me mis 30 mu PB13 age B12 PBLI 23 _ PBLO PA17 O pais PA15 37 o 2_ PAL4 PALS O PAI PALI O HF mo GND gt GND PCOT 006 pcos D PC04 PCO3 25 _ ron bn aa C00 PBO7 24 pos PROS zy PB04 PB03 O _ mo PBOL peoo PAO OO Pao6 PAOS paos PA03 O 221_ po PAOI L paco PA00 PA07 PA10 PA17 PA20 PA27 PB00 PB07 PB10 PB17 PB20 PB27 PC00 PC07 PC10 PC17 PC20 PC27 VO p ins of Port AO I O p ins of Port Al VO p ins of Port A2 I O p ins of Port BO I O p ins of Port Bl I O p ins of Port B2 VO pins of Port CO VO pins of Port C1 VO pins of Port C2 GND G round Figure 1 1 MIC 3753 DB 78 Female Connector Pin Assignment 6 MIC 3753 User Manual 1 6 Block Diagram ADDRESS BUS Address Decoder 8255 0 MODE Port A0 Port BO PLX EP DB 78 pin PCI9030 E Connector PAVO 8255 0 MODE Le mmm Port Al eE Port BI Interrup PEDO Port CI t Control Logia PCOO B 8255 0 MODE PCIO Port A2 PCIA Port B2 PC2
8. MIC 3753 User s Manual Copyright The documentation and the software included with this product are copyrighted 2003 by Advantech Co Ltd All rights are reserved Advantech Co Ltd reserves the right to make improvements in the products described in this manual at any time without notice No part of this manual may be reproduced copied translated or transmitted in any form or by any means without the prior written permission of Advantech Co Ltd Information provided in this manual is intended to be accurate and reliable However Advantech Co Ltd assumes no responsibility for its use nor for any infringements of the rights of third parties which may result from its use CE notification The MIC 3753 developed by ADVANTECH CO LTD has passed the CE test for environmental specifications when shielded cables are used for external wiring We recommend the use of shielded cables This kind of cable is available from Advantech Please contact your local supplier for ordering information On line Technical Support For technical support and service please visit our support website at http www advantech com support Part No 2003375300 1st Edition Printed in Taiwan January 2004 Contents Chapter 1 INTRODUCTION u ssssssesssesssssessonsnssssessonssonssonsnonsonssnnsennnene 1 ER INTRODUCTION a ee Ee 2 1 2 2 FEATURES tai 4 1 35 APPLICATION si ia 4 1 4 SPECIFICATIONS cr nica date t 5 Le PINFASSIGNMENT aiz
9. O PCZA Port 2 Figure 2 1 MIC 3753 Block Diagram Chapter 1 Introduction 7 8 MIC 3753 User Manual 2 1 This chapter gives users a package item checklist proper instructions about unpacking and step by step procedures for card hardware installation Unpacking After receiving your MIC 3753 package please inspect its contents first The package should contain the following items MI MIC 3753 card Kl Companion CD ROM DLL driver included MI User s Manual The MIC 3753 card has electronic components vulnerable to electrostatic discharge ESD ESD could easily damage the integrated circuits and certain components if preventive measures are not carefully paid attention to Before removing the card from the antistatic plastic bag you should take following precautions to ward off possible ESD damage A Touch the metal part of your computer chassis with your hand to discharge static electricity accumulated on your body Or use a grounding strap A Touch the anti static bag to a metal part of your computer chassis before opening the bag A Take hold of the card only by the metal bracket when removing it from the bag 10 MIC 3753 User Manual After taking out the card first you should A Inspect the card for any possible signs of external damage loose or damaged components etc Ifthe card is visibly damaged please notify our service department or the local sales representative immediately Avoid installin
10. RQ level is set automatically by the PCI plug and play BIOS and is saved in the PCI controller There is no need for users to set the IRQ level Only one IRQ level is used by this card although it has six interrupt sources Interrupt Control Registers The Interrupt Control Registers Base 16 17 and18 for the MIC 3753 control the interrupt signal sources edges and flags The following table shows the bit map of each interrupt control register These registers are readable writable When writing to one of them it is used as a control register and when reading from it it is used as a status register Base 16 Port Bit D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 DO Abbreviation FO EO M01 MOO F02 M2 F01 M1 Base 17 Port1 Bit D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 DO Abbreviation F1 E1 M11 M10 Base 18 Port2 Bit D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 DO Abbreviation F2 E2 M21 M20 Table 3 2 Interrupt control register bit map Chapter 3 Operations 25 Mn0 and Mn1 mode bits of port Cn n 0 2 M1 pattern match port enable control bit of port AO M2 change of state port enable control bit of port BO En triggering edge control bit n 0 2 Fn interrupt flag bit of port Cn n 0 2 F01 pattern patch interrupt flag bit of port AO F02 change of state interrupt flag bit of port BO EM AA LL o r LC LO State change PB 0 Figure 3 2 Interrupt sources 26
11. Step 1 Remove the cover of an unused slot of your CompactPCI computer slot Step 2 Hold the card vertically Be sure that the card is pointing in the correct direction The components of the card should be pointing to the right hand side and the black handle of the card should be pointing to lower edge of the backplane Step 3 Holding the lower handle pull the handle down to unlock it Step 4 Insert the MIC 3753 card into the CompactPCI chassis carefully by sliding the lower edges of the card into the card guides 12 MIC 3753 User Manual Step 5 Push the card into the slot gently by sliding the card along the card guide until Jl meets the long needle on the backplane and the Blue LED on the front panel of the card lights up Note If your card is correctly positioned and has been slid all the way into the chassis the handle should match the rectangular holes If not remove the card from the card guide and repeat step 3 again Do not try to install a card by forcing it into the chassis Step 6 Now push the card into place rightly and the Blue LED is going to be turned off Step 7 Secure the card by pushing in the handle to lock it into place after the Blue LED has been turned off Step 8 If your CompactPCI computer power is on the system can now configure the card automatically After the system has finished the device configuration you can find the card information in the Device Manager Note If your
12. card is properly installed you should see the device name of your card listed on the Device Manager tab To remove a card Step 1 Push the handle down to unlock the card and the CompactPCI system will uninstall the card configuration automatically Step 2 After the system has finished the device configuration the Blue LED on the card is lit Now you can slide the card out Chapter 2 Hardware Installation 13 Note Because of the card s hot swap capability the steps above are for removing a card when the system is on If system power is off please do step1 and step2 without attending the Blue LED s state 14 MIC 3753 User Manual 2 3 Board Layout Dimensions 00000 000000000 0000 000000 000 0000 000000000000 I ET WU DE ment 1 10 IVAH ESZEIIN e ein m r D mue tia 5 a 1 D Ra D A 1 l 1 l L A TIA TTT ie 000000000000000 0 00000000000 400000000000 00000000000 00000000000 00000000000 tor tor 000000 tor tor 000000 Fig 2 1 MIC 3753 Board Layout Chapter 2 Hardware Installation 15 Connector MIC 3753 has one 78 pin DB female connector For more details about switch and connector please see Chapter 4 Pin Assignment amp Signal 2 4 Jumper amp Switches Settings The
13. g a damaged card into your system Also pay extra caution to the following aspects to ensure proper installation A Avoid physical contact with materials that could hold static electricity such as plastic vinyl and Styrofoam X Whenever you handle the card grasp it only by its edges DO NOT TOUCH the exposed metal pins of the connector or the electronic components Note Keep the anti static bag for future use You might need the original bag to store the card if you have to remove the card from the PC or transport it elsewhere Chapter 2 Hardware Installation 11 2 2 Hardware Installation Note Make sure you have installed the driver before you install the card We strongly recommend that you install the software driver before you install the hardware into your system since this will guarantee a smooth and trouble free installation process For more information about the driver installation configuration and removal procedures for Windows 9X Windows NT Windows 2K and Windows XP please see the corresponding help file link to the help file When you install the MIC 3756 Card Please make sure the installation of the DLL for MIC 3756 is completed You can then go on to install the MIC 3756 card in your CompactPCI system It is suggested that you refer to the user manual or related documentation if you have any doubt Please follow the steps below to install the card on your system To install a card
14. g all I O points enabling a PC to handle more I O points with higher performance Chapter 1 Introduction 3 1 2 Features 72 TTL digital VO lines Emulates mode 0 of 8255 PPI Buffered circuits for higher driving capacity than 8255 Multiple source interrupt handling Interrupt output pin for simultaneously triggering external devices with the interrupt Output status read back Pattern match and Change of state interrupt functions for critical I O monitoring Keeps I O setting and digital output values when hot system reset Supports dry contact and wet contact High density 78 pin D_SUB connector 1 3 Applications Industrial AC DC VO devices monitoring and controlling Relay and switch monitoring and controlling Parallel data transfer TTL DTL and CMOS logic signal sensing Indicator LED driving 4 MIC 3753 User Manual 1 4 Specifications T O Channels 72 digital I O lines Programming Mode 8255 PPI mode 0 e Input Signal Logic level 0 0 8 V max Logic level 1 2 0V min e Output Signal Logic level 0 0 44V max 24 mA sink Logic level 1 3 76V min 24mA source Power Consumption 5 V 350mA typical 5 V 2A max Operating Temperature 0 60 C 32 140 F refer to IEC 68 2 1 2 e Storage Temperature 20 70 C 4 158 F Operating Humidity 5 95 RH non condensing refer to IEC 68 2 3 Connector 78 DB connector Dimensions 160 x 100 mm Chapter 1
15. ip Each of these 8255 chip emulators has 24 programmable I O pins that are divided into three 8 bit ports The total 72 digital I O pins on either the MIC 3753 are divided into 9 ports designated PAO PBO PCO PA1 PB1 PCI PA2 PB2 and PC2 Each port can be programmed as an input or an output port The I O pins in port AO are designated PA00 PAOI PA07 the pins in port BO are designated PB00 PBOL PB07 etc These port names are used both in this manual and in the software library Please refer to Section 1 5 Pin Assignments 8255 Mode 0 The basic 8255 mode 0 features included on the MIC 3753 cards are e 8 bit I O ports port A PA and port B PB e Port C is divided into two nibble wide 4 bit I O ports PC upper and PC lower e Any port can be used for either input or output e Output status can be read back 22 MIC 3753 User Manual Input Output Control A control word can be written to a port s configuration register Base 3 7 and 11 respectively for ports 0 1 and 2 on the MIC 3753 to set the port as an input or an output port unless the ports are set as output ports via a switch refer to Section 2 4 Jumper amp Switches Settings Table 3 1 shows the format of a control word D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 DO Not Not Not PortA Port C Not Port B Port C read read read O output upper bits read O output low bits 1 input O output 1 input O output 1 input 1 input Table 3 1
16. monitoring process The user can set the pattern match values for the enabled input channels and these will be compared to the actual channel states of the enabled channels The following is an example a First enable the pattern match interrupt function for channels PAOI PA02 PA06 and PA07 Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 1 Base 24 1 1 0 0 0 1 1 0 28 MIC 3753 User Manual b Write the pre set pattern match state of the enabled channels Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 1 Base 20 1 0 x x x 1 1 x c Finally enable the pattern match function for port AO of the MIC 3753 by writing a 1 in bit 0 of Base 16 M1 Description 1 Enable the pattern match interrupt function for port AO 0 Disable the pattern match interrupt function for port AO d When the input signals at channels PA01 PA02 and PA07 are high and PA06 is low an interrupt signal will be generated This result is not affected by the states of channels PA00 PA03 PA04 and PAOS Change of State Interrupt Function The MIC 3753 also provides the change of state interrupt function for port BO It monitors the status of the enabled channels of port BO which are chosen in Base 28 When one of the enabled channels changes its state the MIC 3753 delivers an interrupt signal to the system to handle this event The following is an example Example 3 2 Assume that the change of state interrupt function f
17. ontrol bit values Chapter 3 Operations 27 Interrupt Flag Bit The interrupt flag bit is a flag indicating the status of an interrupt It is a readable and writable bit Read the bit s value to find the status of the interrupt write 1 to this bit to clear the interrupt This bit must be cleared in the ISR to service the next incoming interrupt F01 F02 and Fn Interrupt Status Read 1 Interrupt exists 0 No interrupt Write 1 Clear interrupt 0 Ignore Table3 5 Interrupt flag bit values F01 pattern patch interrupt flag bit of port AO F02 change of state interrupt flag bit of port BO Fn interrupt flag bit of port Cn n 0 2 Pattern Match Interrupt Function The MIC 3753 provides a pattern match interrupt function for port AO It monitors the status of the enabled input channels which are chosen in Base 24 and compares the received state values with the pre set state values written in Base 20 When the actual state values match the pre set state values the MIC 3753 will deliver an interrupt signal to the system This function releases the CPU from the burden of polling all of the I O points enabling a PC to handle more I O points with higher performance The following is an example Example 3 1 Assume that the pattern match function for the I O channels PA01 PA02 PA06 and PA07 of the MIC 3753 is enabled i e PA00 PA03 PA04 and PAOS on the MIC 3753 are ignored during the pattern match
18. or the I O channels PB01 PB02 PB06 and PB07 on the MIC 3753 are enabled i e the signals in PB00 PB03 PB04 and PB05 on the MIC 3753 are ignored during the change of state process When a change of state occurs in either PBO1 or PB02 or PB06 or PBO7 an interrupt signal will be delivered to the system a First enable the change of state interrupt function for PB01 PB02 PB06 and PB07 of the MIC 3753 Bit 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 1 Base 28 1 1 0 0 0 1 1 0 Chapter 3 Operations 29 b Then enable the change of state interrupt function for port BO ofthe MIC 3753 by writing a 1 in bit 2 of Base 28 M2 Description 1 Enable the change of state interrupt function for port AO 0 Disable the change of state interrupt function for port AO c When a change of state occurs in PB01 or PB02 or PB06 or PB07 on the MIC 3753E an interrupt signal is generated 30 MIC 3753 User Manual A 1 Register format Base Address Function Decimal Read Write 0 Port AO Port AO 1 Port BO Port BO 2 Port CO Port CO Port 0 Configuration 3 Register 4 Port A1 Port A1 5 Port B1 Port B1 6 Port C1 Port C1 7 Port 1 Configuration Register 8 Port A2 Port A2 9 Port B2 Port B2 10 Port C2 Port C2 11 Port 2 Configuration Register 12 13 14 15 16 Interrupt Control Interrupt Control Register Regi
19. s or the state of an output port with voltage low output for jumper set ports When jumper JP1 is not enabled i e by shorting the upper two pins of JP1 both power off and reset results in ports returning to the state of an input port with voltage high input for software set ports or returning to the state of output port with voltage low output for jumper set ports Jumper Function description Enables the reset 10 protection function All ports return to the state held just prior to reset JP1 8 Disables the reset 1 protection function All ports return to the default state for software set or to 3 output port output low for jumper set ports default Table 2 2 JP1 Setting Chapter 2 Hardware Installation 19 20 MIC 3753 User Manual 3 1 Overview This chapter describes the operating characteristics of the MIC 3753 The driver software bundled with this card allows a user to access all of the card s functions without register level programming Please see the User s Manual included on the driver CD ROM for more information For users who prefer to implement their own bit level programming to drive the card s functions information useful for making such a program is included in this chapter 3 2 Digital I O Ports Introduction The MIC 3753 each emulates three 8255 programmable peripheral interface PPI chips in mode 0 but with higher driving capability than a standard 8255 ch
20. ster for Port O for Port 0 17 Interrupt Control Interrupt Control Register Register for Port 1 for Port 1 18 Interrupt Control Interrupt Control Register Register for Port 2 for Port 2 19 20 Pattern Match Value Register for Port AO 24 Pattern Match Enable Register for Port AO 28 Change of State Enable Register for Port BO 32 MIC 3753 User Manual
21. t Support for Digital Input Each digital input channel accepts either dry contact or 0 5 Voc wet contact inputs Dry contact capability allows the channel to respond to changes in external circuitry e g the closing of a switch in the external circuitry when no voltage is present in the external circuit Figure 3 1 shows external circuitry with both wet and dry contact components connected as an input source to one ofthe card s digital input channels External Internal PC 5V Dry Contact Open High Rad Close je Low esistor Wat Wet Contact 2 0 5 25 V ps High Parallel Contact 0 0 8 V gt Low Figure 3 1 Wet and dry contact inputs Note For wet contact configurations a malfunction may occur if the internal resistance of the voltage source is significant gt 1 5kW It is advisable to connect a 1 5 kW resistor in parallel with such a voltage source to avoid a voltage rise inside the voltage source 24 MIC 3753 User Manual 3 3 Interrupt Functions Introduction Two lines of each I O port C plus ports AO and BO are connected to the interrupt circuitry The Interrupt Control Register of the MIC 3753 controls how the combination of these signals generates an interrupt Six interrupt request signals can be generated at the same time and then the software can service these six request signals by IRQ The multiple interrupt sources provide the card with more capability and flexibility IRQ Level The I
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