User`s Manual - Downloads
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1. wos nus diy ot 30 uonozuoujno sno poen oq oque pA meno bidon uoo X Buuu E 40u zanu jueuunoop ei 9 JO DESIGN STAGE CHANCE NO DATE NUMBER PLACE DESIGN CHANGE LASER EMISSION INDICATOR LASER MEASUREMENTS SLS 6000 VL N LASER SHUTTER 27 0 0 5 RECEIVER OPENING 947 0 mm 32 0 0 3 145 0 0 3 MOUNTING STAND OFF STAND OFF IP65 NEMA4 PROTECTED CLEARANCE DISTANCE WEIGHT 4 4 kg MEASURING RANGE DISTANCE C C TRANSMITTER C C RECEIVER cope ust smeo smer ____ PAGE 1 2 000224 aeto 2 000224 Selcom WITH AIR PURGE SYSTEM LASER MEASUREMENTS Dimensional Dwg 810526 220 221 SLS2008 2010 73 375mm 2010 5 1683mm 2087 5 5152008 1800 71 375mm 180025mm 1450 mm 1877 5mm 5152008 1600 699 375mm 1600 5 1262 mm 1677 5mm Andring och eller medd nr Z AXIS LIGHT BEAM AXIS MSO MOUNTING STAND OFF SO STAND OFF CD CLEARANCE DISTANCE MR MEASURING RANGE TETE R me pm w fm wes se sr IMI Selcom Dimensional drawing 814514 P 5 0 1600 1800 2010 814514 P12. 8 i LOW Invalid HIGH Valid a O 13 14 15 500 0 10 V p 24 VDC Remote control T 24 VDC Key switch Figure 18 Analog output with filtering Selcom synchronous serial interface SLS User end connector 3 4 Clock inverse 5 Connect to SSP connector J1 or 2 ref to SSP manual 6 Data inverse Connect to OIM II board connector P2 ref to OIM manual If an OIM I board is used the Key switch must be provided GND 11 2 iret fig 4 4 1 14 Laser ON 15 _ Power 24 VDC 03 09 05 27 Selcom synchronous serial interfaceRS422 interface SLS User end connector Tx 4 Rx Tx 5 Rx oS or Tx Rx 11 OND ________ GND 14 l Laser ON l 15 _1 Power 24 VDC F 24 VDC Remote control 24 VDC Key switch Figure 19 Selcom synchronous serial interfaceRS422 interface RS232 interface SLS User end connector 1 Receive data Transmit data 9 eee data 11 Se GND 14 Laser ON 15 Power 24 n 24 VDC Remote control CL 24 VDC Key switch 03 09 05 28 Mechanical installation The SLS sensor must be mounted rigidly in such a way that neither thermal expansion of the fixture nor external forces may influence its position Otherwise the accuracy of the system will be affected and frequent re calibrations of the system may be necessary Calibrate th
3. Off Command L1 gt laser on 1 0 gt laser off Reply L1 L0 Set Averaging Factor Filter Cutoff Frequency Command Annnn gt Reply Annnn gt nnnn same as in command The current SLS sensor software employs an averaging filter In this case the parameter nnnn determines how many samples should be included in every average Any number between 1 and 1024 may be given Set Output Rate For Batch Data Command Bnnn gt Reply Bnnn gt nnn same as in command This command makes it possible to control the rate at which output is produced by the SLS sensor in response to a batch command The parameter nnn is a divisor which is applied to the basic 100 Hz frequency used by the RS 232 communication routines In ASCII reply mode the highest possible output rate 15 50 Hz so nnn may not be lower than 2 The limitation to three characters means 44 03 09 05 that the highest legal value is 999 giving output rate of about 0 1 Hz or one value every 10 seconds Synchronize reset filter Command S gt Reply S This command causes the SLS sensor to restart its filtering cycle from scratch It may be used to ensure that several probes are in sync with each other Set Nominal Value for calibration Command Nnnnn gt measurement unit LSBs Nrrr rrr gt measurement unit millimeters Nrr rrrrr gt measurement unit inches Reply Nnnnn gt nnnn same as in command Nrrr rrr gt rrr rrr same as in comm
4. See chapter 2 figure 1 Indicates that the laser is energized Required for 3R only if nonvisible laser See chapter 2 figure 1 Provided by LMI Technologies and permanently mounted on the side of the sensor One of the LEDs is always lit e The yellow LED is lit when the sensor signals Invalid e g no object inside the measurement range too little light scattered back to the detector to much light scattered back to the detector e The green LED is lit when the measurement is Valid Follow precautions on warning signs Terminate beam at the end of its useful length Prevent unintentional reflections Required if engineering and administrative procedures not practicable and MPE exceeded Not required Required for all operator and maintenance personnel LMI Technology s sensors can be equipped with two different types of emission delay One called Laser ON delay will always cause a short delay every time the laser control signal is turned on before the laser actually starts emitting laser light The other type called Power ON delay will only cause a delay when the sensor is first powered up All subsequent cycling of the laser control signal will control the laser without any delays See quality record 03 09 05 Safety of Laser products Maximum Permissible Exposures MPEs IEC 60825 1 Safety of laser products relies on the concept of the MPEs The MPEs are derived primarily from animal and human data but tak
5. modified without permission warranty is voided Caution Use of controls or adjustments or performance of procedures other than those specified herein may result in hazardous radiation exposure For your own safety follow the instructions in this manual If you get problems when using the SLS sensor contact your local LMI Technologies office or your local distributor The delivery of a SLS 5000 contains SLS 5000 sensor e Isolation washers 8 pcs e Users manual pcs The delivery of a SLS 6000 contains SLS 6000 sensor e Isolation washers 4 pcs e Users manual pcs The delivery of a SLS 2401 contains SLS 2401 sensor head and SLS Controller e Isolation washers 4 pcs e Users manual pcs The delivery of a SLS 2008 contains SLS 2008 sensor head and SLS Controller e Isolation washers e Users manual pcs 2 TECHNICAL DESCRIPTION Identification of parts SLS5000 Emission indicator device 1 Illuminated when power is ON 2 Green when target is within the measurment range 3 Yellow when no target is present within the measurment range Manufacturers serial number label Laser shutter SELCOM Laser emitting lable L Receiver aperture aser aperture pront glass Mounting holes Side view Front view Figure 1 Identification of parts SLS 5000 SLS 6000 Laser emitting Air purge inlet Mounting Holes label M8 4X top mount Zo Selcom DANG
6. 1 1 4 Transparent materials Transparent materials cannot be measured since no light is scattered on the surface e g glass Transparent materials like coolant oil or water on a surface will add roughly half the thickness of the oil or water layer given by the refraction index to the thickness or position data Advise The compensation for the layer thickness is roughly 50 of the actual transparent layer thickness For oil and water layers S 1 1 5 Semitransparent materials The semitransparent material will scatter enough light to produce a stable measurement but there will also be a penetration of light into the material and a contribution from internal reflections as well as background reflections The result is a position reading that is below the actual surface The offset value depends on the degree of transparency In many situations the offset is small and constant and can be calibrated for A method to measure this offset 1s to stick a thin strip of adhesive paper to the surface and scan the material the thickness of a paper is approximately 0 1 mm Transparent Reflective Semi transparent Figure 27 Light behaviour on transmission material 03 09 05 34 Unstable thickness reading Inthe case of a dual sensor system the sensors will receive not only reflected light but also the transmitted light from the opposite SLS sensor Since they are working at nearly the same frequency they will interfere with each other
7. 2 should be loosely mounted not fixed The sensor should be turned off with the mechanical flap open Turn sensor 1 on Cover the receiver aperture of sensor 1 to make the sensor output maximum laser intensity Open the mechanical flap Adjust sensor 2 The light spot from sensor 1 must fall on the laser aperture of sensor 2 as concentricity as possible Turn sensor 1 off and leave the mechanical flap open Secure the position of sensor 2 not finally Cover the receiver aperture of sensor 2 to make the sensor output maximum laser intensity Turn sensor 2 on Adjust sensor 2 by tilting it only The light spot from sensor 2 must fall on the laser aperture of sensor 1 as concentricity as possible Sensor 2 can be tilted by carefully loosening some bolts and placing thin shims between the SLS sensor and the mounting surface Turn sensor 2 off Fix its position finally 10 Remove the covers for the receiver apertures The sensors should now be correctly mounted The following control procedure can be used to verify that an installation is correctly made or to check for mechanical changes in the mounting structure l 2 3 Cover the receiver apertures of sensor 1 and 2 to make the sensor output maximum laser intensity Turn sensor 1 and 2 on Put the piece of cardboard paper in the measurement range Make sure by moving the paper along the laser beams that they coincide everywhere between the sensors If an infrared 820 nm laser
8. 6 0 010 90 50 510 600 0 7 0 008 127 50 180 738 0 7 0 007 45 00 225 750 0 7 0 007 56 25 375 750 0 7 0 007 93 75 525 750 0 8 0 007 131 25 375 1000 1 0 0 005 93 75 575 1000 1 0 0 005 143 75 725 1000 1 0 0 005 181 25 300 1250 1 2 0 004 75 00 550 1250 1 2 0 004 137 50 850 1250 1 2 0 004 212 50 1000 1250 1 2 0 004 250 00 03 09 05 11 5152401 5152008 MR mm SO mm Spot size at Beam Resolution SO mm divergence rad 1 LSB um 0 06 0 060 5 00 0 09 0 038 12 50 MR mm SO mm Spot size at Beam Resolution SO mm divergence 1 LSB rad Analog Output 03 09 05 Output signal interface Analog current source external impedance max 500 Q max cable length 100 selectable at delivery 0 20 mA see manufacturers serial number label Far end value 0 mA Close end value 20 mA Resolution 4 88 microA LSB or 4 20 mA Far end value 4 mA Close end value 20 mA Resolution 3 90 microA LSB DENEN Step function Analog output time ms Figure 8 The step response delay time Tc time constant Time Error of step Tc 36 2 13 96 3Tc 5 96 4 Tc 2 External impedance 500 OTd 200 us Tc 80 us at 2 kHz bandwidth External impedance 500 filter according to appendix C Td 300 us Tc 100 us at 1 6 kHz bandwidth Digital Outputs RS232 C No hardware handshaking Protocol SLS ASYNCH 1 Ref Appendix Optional digital Selc
9. 8 Invalid out when analog interface is used 12 Invalid out when analog interface is used 13 Analog out 11 Ground 14 Laser ON 24 VDC 15 Power 24 VDC Figure 12 15 pin DSUB miniature pin connector 3 rows and 16 pin CONTACT series R2 5 pin connector front views Note The DSUBmin connector meets IP50 NEMA 1 The connector may require extra protection if mounted in a humid environment although dust alone will not require any added precautions The CONTACT connector meets IP65 NEMA 4 when connected with mating connector The SLS data can only be accessed through the interface that was specified at the time of ordering see serial number label Output Cable requirements Cable length Interface Pin number Max cable length RS 232 1 9 11 15m RS 422 or Selcom serial 3 4 5 6 100 Analog 11 13 100 m lt 7 5 Q signal lead Invalid 8 12 100m 03 09 05 21 Signal leads with demand for twisted pairs Interface Pin number RxD GND RS232 1 11 TxD GND RS232 9 11 CLOCK CLOCK inverse 3 4 DATA DATA inverse 5 6 Rx Rx RS422 3 4 Tx RS422 5 6 Signal leads without demand for twisted pairs Signal lead Pin number Analog out Current source 13 Laser ON 24VDC 5 32 14 VDC Invalid out optocoupled 12 Invalid out optocoupled 8 Power supply leads Main power The power supply leads should be dimensioned so that the voltage between pin 15 24VDC and pin 1
10. OR of 0xE1 Distance and OxE2 Validity and allows the master to check that the command was properly understood 0x0100 is the data count being the binary word equivalent to 256 After these items there will come 256 groups consisting of one 2 byte distance value 0xXXXX and one 1 validity value 0xYY Command 0x2710 Reply OxF1 0xXXXX repeated 10000 times OxYY This command requests a batch of 10000 0x2710 distance values followed by one laser intensity and one temperature value Single Commands Laser On Off Command 0x71 laser on 0x70 laser off Reply 0x71 laser on 0x70 laser off Averaging Factor Filter Cutoff Frequency Command 0xA0 OxXXXX Reply 0xA0 OxXXXX Set Output Rate For Batch Data Command OxXXXX Reply OxXXXX The first binary word after the command identifier 0xB0 is a divisor which is applied to the 16 kHz sampling frequency It may take on any value between 0x0010 16 and OxFFFF 65535 inclusive This gives output rates from 1000 Hz to 0 244 Hz one value every 4 seconds Synchronize reset filter Command 0x90 Reply 0x90 Illegal Commands Command 0x33 as an example of an illegal command Reply OxFF 50 Appendix D SLS power unit 24 The SLS Power unit 24 can supply one or two SLS sensor sensors The customer must provide a power cable of suitable length fitting the power receptacle Demands on additional cables to the sensor s or to regis
11. OxYY repeated nnnnn times The first binary word after the identifier OxE2 is the parameter nnnnn in binary form Laser Intensity percent of maximum Command Innnnn gt Reply OxE4 OxXXXX OxYY OxYY repeated nnnnn times The first binary word after the identifier OxE4 is the parameter nnnnn in binary form Sensor Temperature C Command Tnnnnn gt Reply OxE8 OxXXXX OxYY OxYY repeated nnnnn times The first binary word after the identifier OxE8 is the parameter nnnnn in binary form Examples Command 01100 gt Reply OxES 0x0064 OxXXXX OxYY OxXXXX OxYY repeated 100 times This command requests 100 groups consisting of a distance and an intensity value The identifier 0 5 is the inclusive OR of 0xE1 Distance and 0xE4 Intensity and allows the master to check that the command was properly understood 0x0064 is the data count being the binary word equivalent to 100 After these items there will come 100 groups consisting of one 2 byte distance value OxX XXX one 1 byte intensity value OxYY Command DVITI gt Reply OxEF 0x0001 OxXXXX OxYY OxZZ OxTT This command requests one group of data containing all four possible items The 47 03 09 05 identifier 0 15 the inclusive OR of 0 1 Distance 0 2 Validity 0 4 Intensity and 0 8 Temperature 0x0001 is of course the data count 1 OxXXXX is the distance value OxYY is the validity 0xZZ the intensity and OxTT the tempe
12. The output from the system will contain a low frequency component 1 Hz even if the set up is in steady state This is an important phenomenon that has to be considered in all dual applications Note that special designed SLS sensors can be ordered to avoid this phenomenon Advise 2 Single sensor thickness measurement using a mechanical reference Offset compensation for penetration can be useful if the material is homogeneous 3 Dual sensor thickness measurement on semitransparent materials Use SLS sensors designed for semitransparent materials Surface texture Static texture error 03 09 05 A basic statement to take care of is that the light spot produced on the target covers a certain area and the SLS sensor will respond to the center of gravity of the image of that spot on the detector If the spot covers an area that gives an irregular amount of scattered light in the direction of the receiving optics the SLS sensor reads a position of the surface below or above the true surface Receiving lense Laser Laser beam beam Black surface White surface Rolled steel Figure 28 Reflection depending on target material The change in the position output depends on the orientation of the sensor The magnitude and the duration in length depend on the size of the laser spot Asa general rule the spot must be as small as possible An example of output from the SLS sensor is shown in the figure below Note that if the SL
13. of the sensor Refer to this serial number when contacting LMI Technologies 5 Available outputs one analog and one digital The outputs are selected when ordering the sensor Possible combinations are 0 20 mA Selcom or 4 20 mA Selcom 0 20 mA RS422 or 4 20 mA RS422 RS232 is always available ref to appendix for details 6 Month of manufacture Year of manufacturer 8 CE mark Indicates that the product fulfills the emc directive according to EN 89 336 EEC Measurement principle and definitions 03 09 05 The SLS sensors consist of a light source and a detector integrated with optics and electronics The light source is a semi conductor laser diode operating in a pulsed mode with 50 duty cycle The pulse rate or frequency is 16 000 times per second This laser diode illuminates a spot on the surface of the object to be measured log car body gypsum board etc The spot is not only detectable to the human eye but also clearly visible to the detector of the SLS The detector is situated at the back of the receiver part similar to the retina of the human eye PSD Position Sensitive photo Detector Semiconductor laser and optics Receiver optics Stand Off Distance SO Close End CE Measurement Range MR Era Far End FE Figure 4 Measurement principle and definitions Depending of the distance between the SLS sensor and the light spot the Stand Off distance the image of the light
14. the parameter will revert to the latest value that was saved from the interactive setup menu 2 When a parameter is changed by a serial command the new value will apply immediately 3 Parameters that are changed by means of the interactive setup menu will be remembered permanently 4 Values that are changed in the setup menu will apply as soon as the user has pressed one of the function keys that cause parameter values to be saved Distance Value Command Dnnnnn gt msm unit LSBs Reply Dnnnn gt Drrr rrr gt msm unit millimeters Drr rrrrr gt msm unit inches This command causes the SLS sensor to transmit a number of distance values The number of values is determined by the parameter nnnnn The maximum value that can be used is 65535 A parameter value of 0 causes the SLS sensor to transmit distance values continuously until it receives another batch command The reply to this command differs with the measurement unit that is used The actual number of fractional digits in the case of millimeters or inches depends on the probe s scale factor The numbers shown here represent the maximum NOTE If the measurement is invalid the sensor will normally report a distance value of 0 0 0 if the measurement unit is mm or inches But if a calibration has been made using the C gt serial command the output associated with invalid measurements will be nonzero the actual value will depend on what the sensor was reading at the ti
15. your local distributor It is recommended that the following be performed on a regular basis depending on environmental conditions Keeping the front glass clean 1 Turn the power OFF e If LMI Technologies provides the power supply remove the key e Other wise make sure that the power cannot be unintentionally turned on 2 Wipe the front glass clean using a soft lint free cloth if necessary moisten with mild cleaning fluid e g cleaning alcohol 3 Check the front glass for adherent particles or damage If damaged contact your LMI Technologies representative 4 Turn the power ON Visual check for damage 03 09 05 1 Turn the power OFF If the power supply is provided by LMI Technologies remove the key Other wise make sure that the power cannot be unintentionally turned on Check the sensor for mechanical damage Check the cable for damage Check that mounting screws bolts are tightened Check that any extra accessories are working Check filters and hoses for air purge Check calibration block Turn the power ON gt 38 LED indicators Yellow and Green 03 09 05 1 Both LED OFF Main power to the SLS is OFF Check the 24 VDC supply 2 Both LED ON Power up and initialization sequence approximately 10 sec e The sensor set up menu is active SLS5000 and SLS6000 only see Appendix E Parameter Setup 3 Green LED ON Laser is ON Object in measurement range or in a false measurement ra
16. 1 GND never falls below 18 VDC For a 24 VDC power source this means that the total resistance in the power and ground leads must not exceed 15 ohms Laser ON control input Pin 14 must be held at 24 VDC 5 32 VDC to enable the laser Cable screening The cable shall include a screen connected to GND at the sensor end of the cable Analog output General considerations The analog current output of the SLS5 6000 sensors is derived from the same high performance and accuracy digital distance data as available over the Selcom Serial RS232 and RS422 interfaces The digital information has passed through a high performance digital to analog current converter supplying an easy to acquire signal form for many industrial users and processes As a complement to the analog output an Invalid out signal is available The sensors are available in two versions factory set not to be changed by the user regarding the state of the analog output when data is considered invalid Hold latest valid i e the analog output current is held at the latest valid D A converted data value Zero out on invalid is only available with 4 20 mA output i e the analog current output is set to 0 mA as long as data is considered invalid Scale factor current output and engineering units IMPORTANT The transformation of the current output to engineering units i e mm inches etc in a control computer PLC etc requires the us
17. Cable crosstalk 03 09 05 Due to cable crosstalk the spectral characteristics of the analog current output as measured over a 100 Ohm resistor may have the following principal appearance SLS5000 signal spectrum HF noise spectrum 1 10 100 kHz Figure 16 Illustration of spectrum The analog output of the SLS sensor mainly finds its use in low bandwidth industrial measurement and control applications The signal conversion equipment in such applications is normally band limited to low frequencies making the system insensitive or high frequency noise For some wide band applications like vibration analysis or when the signal is to be manually studied with an oscilloscope the high frequency noise may be a problem In these cases an anti aliasing filter may be added between the load resistor and the registration equipment A simple but in most cases sufficient filter is shown below The components as chosen will give an upper frequency limitation of 1 6 kHz It is important that the filter and the registration equipment is connected with as short cabling as possible to avoid additional noise pick up SLS5000 connector output pin 13 3 99 10 k ohm Registration 10nF equipment pin 11 26 Electrical installations examples Below are four examples of electrical connections using the available interfaces provided by the SLS sensor Analog output 0 20 mA SLS5000 User end connector 4 7 k ohm
18. ER LASER MEASUREMENTS Laser Class 3B SLS 6000 Emission indicator 1 Illuminated when power is on 2 GREEN when target is within the measurement range 3 YELLOW when no target is present within the measurement range Manufactures serial Laser aperture incl laser shutter Receiver Aperture number label Figure 2 SLS 6000 03 09 05 4 515 2401 Emission indicator 2401 head is RED when laser is ON Function of Emission Indicator on SLS controller see previous page Receiver Aperture Figure 3 SLS 2401 SLS controller top and 2401 head bottom SLS 2008 Emission indicator on SLS2008 sensor head is RED when laser is ON IMI Selcom SLS 5000 Figure 4 SLS controller 03 09 05 5 Emission Indicator Figure 5 SLS2008 sensor head Manufacturers serial number label 1 BOX 250 S 433 25 PARTILLE SWEDEN 2 4 5 6 8 Figure 3 Manufacturers serial number label The serial number label contains the following information 1 The address of the production location 2 The part number of the product Refer to this part number when contacting LMI Technologies 3 Type description of the sensor SLS5070 200 BM means SLS5000 Measurement Range 70 mm Stand Off 200 mm Optimized for Building Material BM applications Other applications are MM Molten metal RO Road RU Rubber SW Saw mill 03 09 05 6 Other letter combinations may occur 4 Serial number
19. IMI Selcom__ 3D MACHINE VISION User s Manual SLS 5000 SLS 6000 SLS 2401 SLS 2008 LMI Technologies PROPRIETARY This document submitted in confidence contains proprietary information which shall not be reproduced or transferred to other documents or disclosed to others or used for manufacturing or any other purpose without prior written permission of LMI Technologies Inc http www sensorsthatsee com Trademarks and Restrictions Selcom is a registered trademark of LMI Technologies Inc This product is designated for use solely as a component and as such it does not comply with the standards relating to laser products specified in U S FDA CFR Title 21 Part 1040 No part of this publication may be copied photocopied reproduced transmitted transcribed or reduced to any electronic medium or machine readable form without prior written consent of LMI Technologies Inc Printed in The Netherlands Information in this document is subject to change without notice Copyright c 2006 LMI Technologies Inc All rights reserved Printed in The Netherlands Table of contents 1 INTRODUCTION 2 TECHNICAL DESCRIPTION Identification of parts SLS5000 SLS 6000 SLS 2401 SLS 2008 Manufacturers serial number label Measurement principle and definitions Sampling frequency and bandwidth The analog position sensitive detector Linearization 3 TECHNICAL DATA Block diagram Dimensions Environmental conditions Po
20. Quality Record information such as laser safety outputs specifications etc are available in the relevant manual sections This appendix is just intended as a quick reference IMISelcom MEASUREMENT amp CONTROL QUALITY RECORD NOTE A general description of the Quality Record as well as explanations for terms and abbreviations can be found in the Optocator SLS5000 User s Manual appendix G Sensor Info Sensor type Part number Serial number SLS5000 70 200 SW 808617 N399 Measurement Range Mounting Stand Off Scale Factor Output s Parameters Special tests 70 0 mm 0 2 4 200 0 mm 4 0 mm 0 017500 mm LSB 1 Selcom 0 20 mA RS 232 Not required _ Required have been carried out Max average power Wavelength Safety distance Emission delay Laser Safety chock 1 white Paper FE 10 Linearity Error LSB 4 mW 675 45 Power ON Visible Red according to EN60825 and IEC825 Check Error MR 71 521 mm 102 256 SF 0 017498 SB 7 Apr 2000 12 03 SLS5000 70 200 SIN N399 Sign Jos Quaedfiieg 1320 000 03 09 05 165 000 200 000 Distance from mounting mm 920 000 54 03 09 05 Top part The top part of the Quality Record page is devoted to text information It is subdivided into sections which group related parameters together The following list explains what each parame
21. S sensor is rotated 90 degrees to the orientation indicated no error spikes occurs 35 03 09 05 5 5 Position A output Figure 29 Example of output from the SLS sensor Surfaces with a regular pattern from machining e g rolling marks or from grinding will cause a uniform scattered reflection This will result as a static error that varies depending on where on the machining marks the center of gravity of the light spot is located Scanning across the marks and averaging the measured data can eliminate this error FIGURE 1A FIGURE 2 FIGURE 1B Figure 30 Fig 1A The regular surface is often produced in a rolling mill and looks like a rib mark structure along the strip Fig 1 B In other words regular thickness variations across the strip Fig 2 The SLS sensor should be mounted parallel to the ribs and with a scanning direction across the direction of travel Advise 1 Ifpossible orient the optical triangle parallel to surface irregularities 2 If possible try to calibrate by letting the laser spot scan over a distance e g 10 mm of the surface to eliminate static texture error 3 Calculate an average over distance when measuring 36 Temperature of the material Due to the given specification of the SLS sensor it has a maximum temperature coefficient of 200 ppm That is for the SLS sensor housing temperature The temperature of the object does not affect the accuracy a
22. afety 55 03 09 05 Max average power The laser in LMI Technology s sensors is a pulsed type i e it emits pulses of brief duration and is shut off in between This number indicates the maximum laser power if the pulses are averaged over time There is an indication in parenthesis which tells whether light at this particular wavelength is visible Nominal Ocular See section Safety of Laser products in the Hazard Distance operator s manual NOHD Laser ON or Power ON delay Bottom Part The bottom part of the Quality Record shows a diagram which is generated during the linearization procedure The target material is white paper which is a neutral material in terms of light reflection and dispersal The diagram shows the result from a check on the same white paper target which 15 made after the translation table has been installed in the sensor The ideal result is a perfectly flat graph on the zero line In practice there are always a few small deviations because of noise from the sensor The important thing is that the general trend of the line is horizontal i e that the scale factor is correct The linearization as well as the linearity check is both made with the Selcom interface The target s distance in millimeters from the sensor s mounting surface is shown in the diagram s horizontal axis On the vertical axis you can see the deviation from linearity in sensor LSBs The size of one LSB least significant b
23. al drawings LMI Technologies AB LMI Technologies USA Inc LMI Technologies BV Ogardesvagen 19 A 21455 Melrose Ave Suite 22 Valkenburgweg 223 Box 250 SOUTHFIELD MI 48075 6419 AT Heerlen 5 43325 Partille USA The Netherlands SWEDEN Tel 1 248 355 5900 Tel 31 45 850 7000 Tel 46 0 31 336 25 10 Fax 1 248 355 3283 Fax 31 45 574 2500 46 0 31 336 25 00 46 0 31 44 61 79 Internet http www lmint com 03 09 05 2 21 21 22 22 25 25 26 27 29 30 30 32 33 35 35 37 37 38 38 38 39 40 40 40 40 51 53 54 57 LMI Technologies Inc 205 7088 Ventura Street Delta BC V4G 1H5 Canada Tel 1 604 940 0141 Fax 1 604 940 0793 Printed in The Netherlands 1 INTRODUCTION 03 09 05 This manual is a description of the Selcom Laser Sensor SLS family The sensors have laser classification 2 3R or 3B Read chapter Laser Safety precautions before connecting the sensor This sensor is intended for use in applications where distance thickness or level is to be measured The ambient temperature surrounding the sensor should be 0 C to 50 C but the temperature of the measured object may vary from deep frozen to 1600 C The sensor is equipped with a temperature guard that shuts the laser off should the surrounding temperature exceed the limits No changes or modifications may be made to the sensor or its cable unless you have a written permission from LMI Technologies If the sensor is opened or
24. al numbers 1 e numbers with an integer part and a fractional part written with ASCII characters The number of r s to the left of the decimal point indicate the maximum permitted number of characters for the integer part and the number of r s to the right of the decimal point indicate the maximum number of characters for the fractional part Fewer characters may be used and the decimal point may be omitted if it is not needed 0 The notation 0xXX indicates a binary byte value The two following characters are in hexadecimal notation NOTE This is not an ASCII representation For example if a byte value is given as 0x41 only one character one byte will be sent in this case the character A and not the four characters 0 x 4 1 Where successive bytes refer to different types of data they are distinguished by the notation 0xXX OxYY etc OxXXXX The notation 0xX XXX indicates a binary word value It is transmitted as two characters bytes with the most significant byte first Where successive words refer to different types of data they are 41 03 09 05 distinguished by using the notation 0xXXXX OxYYYY etc ASCII Commands and Replies RS 232 Command and Reply Structure RS 232 commands and replies are structured as follows Every command sent from the master must be preceded by a dollar character Every command sent from the master must be terminated by a greater than character 7 Th
25. and Nrr rrrrr gt rr rrrrr same as in command This command is used to set a nominal value to be used at a subsequent calibration see section Calibrate Calibrate Command C gt Reply 1 gt calibration was OK calibration failed The SLS sensor can be calibrated against a reference if for example it is desired to measure thickness of an object The reference object should be in place and its thickness should have been given to the probe with the Nominal Value command before the calibration is started Example An SLS sensor is set up to measure the thickness of steel plates in millimeters The plates rest on a flat surface while they are measured A calibration piece with the known thickness of 50 mm is used First the Nominal Value command is given N50 0 gt The SLS sensor replies N50 0 gt Then the calibration piece is put in place and the Calibration command is given C gt The SLS sensor replies C1 gt presuming that the calibration was OK After this the SLS sensor will present the actual thickness in mm of every plate that passes Reset Calibration Command R gt Reply R gt This command resets the offsets calculated by a calibration to zero Parameter Setup Command P gt Reply PWD gt 45 03 09 05 This command is used to enter a setup menu where some of the 51 5 5 internal parameters can be modified This is an interactive menu which demands the use of an ANSI ter
26. and has no counterpart in the RS 232 command set and is included for backward compatibility with a specific software version Command and Reply Structure The RS 422 commands and replies are not structured in any special way It is in the nature of binary communication that any byte value may occur as data and therefore it is not possible to set aside certain values for exclusive use as prompters command indicators etc Instead it is of vital importance that both the master and the SLS sensor keeps a correct byte count in order to interpret commands and replies correctly The SLS sensor will not output anything over the RS 422 lines on power up Batch Commands If more two or more commands are concatenated the identifier bytes are ORed together in the reply to allow the master to check that the SLS sensor understood the command correctly Distance Value Command 0xE1 OxXXXX Reply OxEI OxXXXX OxYYYY OxYYYY repeated times This command will report measurement values in LSBs and without any calibration offset applied The command works even if a measurement unit other than LSBs has been entered in the setup The first binary word after the command identifier 0 1 is the number of data items to be transmitted in the batch The maximum is OxFFFF 65535 values and the minimum is 0x0001 1 value If the parameter is 0x0000 data will be transmitted continuously until the next batch command is received NOTE If the mea
27. arallell to the fibres Figure 25 Fibrous material Advise Mount the sensor with the optical triangle perpendicular to the direction of the fibers 5 1 1 3 Shiny materials Black and shiny materials Stainless steel molten metal and other mirror like surfaces They scatter very little light back to the detector due to the fact that most of the light is reflected according to optical law of reflections The amount of light scattered in the direction of the receiving lens can vary rapidly over time and with a wide range of magnitude Black materials scatter only a small part of the incident light Black materials in combination with a shiny appearance like fresh extruded rubber or wet asphalt require a very powerful light control It is important to use an SLS sensor specially designed for measurement on this type of surface 03 09 05 33 Black material General group Shiny material Figure 26 Illustration of reflection Advise For extremely shiny materials like molten metal magnesium with protection gas or coated zinc plates very close to the bath without any skin or oxide on the surface it may be necessary to tilt the SLS sensor somewhat to get enough light in the direction of the receiving optics consult LMI Technologies Note that some material ages optically e g car paint or uncured rubber Compare an absolutely fresh sample from the extruder measured immediately and after 15 minutes a great difference will be noticeable 5
28. d of target surface Sensor features 1 NAUN High speed of light power control Dynamic range of light power output extremely wide Bandwidth of position data from up to 2 kHz Sampling rate 16 000 times per second Small laser spot Some materials or surfaces requires some considerations and advises to get the best possible performance The target characteristics can be structured into 1 Material 32 2 Surface texture 3 Temperature of the material 4 The geometry of the material Material 5 1 1 1 General group Mat surfaces There is a bulk of different materials that falls into the general group i e easily measured on for the SLS sensor Generally these materials have a mat type of surface Examples from this group are paper hot rolled steel concrete gypsum etc 5 1 1 2 Fibrous material The obvious example in this group is any kind of wood logs sawn boards parquet blocks etc When the laser light meets this type of surface it is spread somewhat along the fibers The center of gravity of the spot can then move out of the expected position and the result will be an error in the output data This will occur if the optical triangle is oriented parallel to the direction of the fibers Top view Side view Side view The light spot along the board across the board is spread along Optical triangle Optical triangle the fibres perpendicular to the fibres p
29. ded with a key control Remove this key to prevent that the laser 15 turned on unintentionally If possible seal off the hazardous area defined in the Safety distance section to prevent unauthorized personnel from getting exposed to laser light It is always recommended to follow as many of the precautions as possible irrespective of laser class Summary of user precautions regarding laser For products with a laser safety class 2 3R or 3B See text of IEC 60825 1 for complete precautions subclause indicated in table Requirements subclause Laser safety Officer 10 1 Remote interlock 10 2 Key control 10 3 Beam attenuator Laser shutter 10 4 Emission indicator device Warning signs 10 5 Beam path 10 6 Specular reflection 10 7 Eye protection 10 8 Protective clothing 10 9 Training 10 10 Emission delay Class 3B 3R 2 X X X X X X X X X X X X X x x For 3R required only if non visible radiation Connect to room or door circuits Pin no 14 LASER ON of the SLS connector can be used for this purpose Remove key when not in use Key control is provided when power supply is delivered by LMI Technologies To conform to safety requirements a key control must be installed Use pin no 15 24 VDC of the SLS connector to connect disconnect the power of the SLS When in use prevents inadvertent exposure Provided by LMI Technologies and permanently mounted on the front of the sensor
30. e into account of human variability and laser parameters Clause 3 55 of IEC 60825 1 defines the maximum permissible exposures as The level of laser radiation to which under normal circumstances persons may be exposed without suffering adverse effects The MPE levels represent the maximum level to which the eye or skin can be exposed without consequential injury immediately after or after a long time and are related to the wavelength of the radiation the pulse duration or exposure time The tissue at risk and for visible and near infrared radiation the size of the retinal image For calculation of MPE see Calculation of MPE and NOHD in this manual Laser product classification The classification of a laser product is based on the radiation emitted during the normal operation and any reasonable foreseeable fault condition for that product 4 1 1 1 Class 2 laser products Class 2 laser products would not cause permanent damage to the eye under reasonable foreseeable conditions of operation provided that any exposure can be terminated by the blink reflex assumed to take 0 25 s Because classification assumes the blink reflex the wavelength must be in the visible range 400 nm to 700 nm The Maximum Permissible Exposure MPE for visible radiation for 0 25 s is 25 W per square meter which is equivalent to 1 mW entering an aperture of 7 mm diameter the assumed size of the pupil 4 1 1 2 Class 3R laser products Class 3R laser p
31. e of a scale factor SF y that defines the relation between current output and engineering unit For a 03 09 05 22 given sensor measurement range the only valid scale factor figure is given in the table Analog current scale factor for SLS Itis NOT CORRECT and will lead to erroneous results if the measurement range is simply divided by the current range If an absolute distance between the target and the sensor or some other ref Point is to be computed it is necessary to be aware of the fact that the fixed calibration point between the sensor and the current output is defined at the Stand Off distance as being 10 mA for a 0 20 mA sensor and 12 mA for a 4 20 mA sensor Referencing of analog current output to sensor target distance 4 20 mA case D mm Far End Stand etr S0 SO is fixed point for the relation between MR and I Close End 4 12 20 I mA Compute distance D sensor target D 12 I SF SO SO Stand Off distance i e distance from sensor front to MR midpoint Analog current output scale factor Expressed as mm mA I Analog current output in mA D Measured distance from sensor front to target in mm Example Sensor is SLS5200 300 gt SF 12 8 mm mA SO 300 mm D 12 5 5 12 8 300 383 2 mm Where SO 300mm 03 09 05 23 0 20 mA case D mm Far End Stand off SO Close End 0 10 20 I mA Compute distance D sensor tar
32. e system as often as possible to avoid influence of mechanical fixture drift due to time and temperature Make sure that the optical path is not obstructed e Itis possible during installation that unintentional exposure to laser light may occur take extra care not to look into the laser aperture of the SLS sensor unless you are certain that the laser beam is turned off Tools that are used during installation may give mirror like reflections e2 If possible wear protective goggles 3 The laser beam of the SLS sensor cannot burn skin Eight plastic mounting washers are enclosed in the delivery These washers may be used to electrically isolate the sensor from its mounting surface see figure below M6 mounting bolts Washers Isolation washers Mounting surface Mounting Surface EN 7 0 mm lt gt Air purge inlet Drill diam 10 5 11 0 mm Isolation washer 4x Washer 4x Mounting plate Bolt M8 Mounting Holes M8 4x Selcom DANGER LASER MEASUREMENTS Laser Class 3B SLS 6000 03 09 05 29 For single SLS sensor system The distance between the SLS sensor and the reference plane must not be changed Target Reference Reference roller roller Figure 20 Measurement against the reference plane 1 Laser beam 2 Ifthe incoming laser beam is not perpendicular to the measured surface compensation for the angle may be necessary 3 Good contact between the refere
33. get D 10 I SF SO Example Sensor is SLS5325 400 gt SF 16 64 mm mA SO 400 mm D 10 13 5 16 64 400 341 76 mm D 1 SO 400mm Analog current scale factors SFr for SLS sensors mm mA mm mA 6 0302 03 0 150 768 96 200 03 09 05 24 725 37 12 850 43 52 1000 Load conditions for analog output The current output load resistance should not exceed 500 ohms A return path to ground should be provided via pin 11 GND The total resistance in the analog out lead and the ground lead must not exceed 15 ohms SLS5000 connector 0 20mA 13 500 0 10 VDC nes Ss max 100 meters max 7 5 ohm signal lead Figure 13 Example of connection Note We recommend the use of temperature stable resistors to reduce the effects of voltage variations due to resistance changes Always turn the power off before connecting or disconnecting the analog output load Alternative connections for valid output The output transistor conducts as long as the measurement is valid 5 5152000 47 k ohm 100 ohm green LOW Valid HIGH Invalid Valid out yellow Figure 14 Example of connection current sink 03 09 05 25 Valid out SLS connector 100 ohm pin 12 max 50 mA LOW Invalid HIGH Valid 4 7 k ohm Figure 15 Example of connection current source
34. is terminating character will be referred to as the prompter in the rest of this document There will be no output from the SLS sensor until the prompter has been received Between the leading dollar character and the prompter comes the actual command It consists of a command character always an uppercase letter and possibly a numerical parameter depending on the command The commands belonging to the batch class described in section Batch Commands may be concatenated in a single command so that there may be up to four command characters at the same time The SLS sensor outputs a prompter as soon as it is ready to process commands after power on No commands may be issued by the master until it has received this initial prompter Replies from the SLS sensor always start with the command character and end with the prompter In between there may be data depending on the command There is no initial dollar character in the reply The master may not output a new command until it has received a prompter back from the SLS sensor in response to the previous command Illegal commands commands whose parameters are outside the legal range and commands which contain more characters than the maximum 12 characters will be rejected by the SLS sensor Batch Commands 99 99 The Distance Value Measurement Validity Laser Intensity and Probe Temperature commands all take a parameter nnnnn which determines how many values the SLS sensor
35. is used the IR viewer is necessary to see the light spots A near infrared 780 nm laser can be seen without the help of an IR viewer especially on a blue color Since the cardboard paper is semi transparent for infrared light the light control circuits of the two SLS sensors will interfere This is noted as a variation in the light intensity of the spot on the paper This phenomenon will 31 not occur when using special designed sensors for semi transparent materials 4 Remove the cover over the receiver opening Put the piece of non transparent material in the measurement range Try to keep it as perpendicular to the laser beams as possible If the sensors are correctly aligned you will note an increase of the thickness when you tilt the plate A decrease of the thickness value is an indication that the sensors are misaligned e e Sensor 2 Sensor 2 e oll Sensor 1 Sensor 1 Increase of Increase of thickness thickness Figure 23 Illustration of item 4 above Avoid set ups where the two sensors can see each other when they are supposed to measure A set up as described in the left figure will produce a variation in the output value at approximately 1 Hz See semitransparent materials WRONG CORRECT Figure 24 Dual sensor thickness measurement Hints for measurements 03 09 05 The SLS sensor is designed to give a true and dependable measurement for a vast range of materials surfaces and spee
36. it in millimeters is given by the sensor s scale factor The scale factor that results from the check measurement is printed out explicitly in the upper part of the diagram In the line above that one you can see the Measurement Range that has been achieved both in millimeters and as a percentage of the nominal Measurement Range The upper right corner of the diagram contains the date and time when the check was performed the sensor type and serial number and the name of the operator 56 Appendix 6 Dimensional drawings lt 2 NIQUA RA 21A 3ER C SP STAC Selcom _ 03 09 05 54 922218 INI 318v23ds d oj TWNOISNIWIG uoojes 1076 YOSNIS oem De nl ee un e m iae sew aoe eect 1 ZL VW3N 08 55 19 NOLLO3LOMd SNIN3dO NOILISOd O d 30 OL LNOY4 MOSN3S 3ONVISII 3ONV3V312 02 330 GNVLS ONILNNON OSW QN3 1 33 3S019 39 39NV3 5 230 15 05 8 _ oz 06 05 02 10 2 LG uw w an os _________ YOLVOIGNI NOISSIW3 33S V 1 xz M3u9SdOLS sopuguo uouuo so e dox pga uojn
37. llustration of linearization 3 Technical data Block diagram Principal diagram Laser Control driver logic Internal data bus Host processor Interface Power regulator Figure 7 Principal diagram 03 09 05 9 Dimensions SLS5000 Length 135 mm 5 3 inches Height 105 mm 4 1 inches Width 5 mm 2 0 inches Weight 1 1 kg 2 2 165 SLS6000 Length 376 mm 14 8 inches Height 169 mm 6 6 inches Width 70 mm 2 7 inches Weight 4 4 kg 9 9 Ibs Environmental conditions Temperature Operating 0 50 C 32 120 F Storage 30 70 C 20 160 F Protection class IP65 NEMA 4 Excluding connector Power requirements Input voltage 24 VDC 18 32 VDC Input current 250 mA at 24 V 350 200 mA for 18 32 V Start up current typical 1 1 A for 8 ms Performance Resolution 0 025 of Measurement Range Inaccuracy 0 2 of Measurement Range Includes non linearity and error Sampling rate 16 kHz Bandwidth Up to 2 kHz depending on configuration settings 03 09 05 10 Sensor configuration Measurement Range MR Stand Off SO Beam divergence angle SLS5000 MR mm SO mm Spot sizeat Beam Resolution SO mm divergence rad 1 LSB um SLS6000 MR mm SO mm Spot sizeat Beam Resolution SO mm divergence rad 1 LSB um 50 400 0 5 0 013 12 50 362 480 0 6 0 010 90 50 100 500 0 6 0 010 25 00 175 500 0 6 0 010 43 75 250 500 0 6 0 010 62 50 362 500 0
38. me of calibration Measurement Validity Command Vnnnnn gt Reply gt The parameter nnnnn works the same as for the Distance Value command Laser Intensity percent of maximum Command Innnnn gt Reply Innn gt The parameter nnnnn works the same as for the Distance Value command Sensor Temperature C Command Tnnnnn gt 43 03 09 05 Reply T nn T nn The parameter nnnnn works the same as for the Distance Value command Examples Command DITV200 gt Reply DnonnnVnnniInnnT nn gt DnnnnVanninnnTt nn gt 200 repetitions This command causes the SLS sensor to send 200 groups of values where each group contains one distance value one validity value one intensity value and one temperature value The example shows LSBs as measurement unit Note Although the command letters were given in the order D I T V in this example the SLS sensor always replies with the values ordered D V I T Command D0 gt Reply Dr rr gt Dr rr gt Repeated continuously This command causes the SLS sensor to send distance values continuously until a new command is received The example shows millimeters or inches as measurement unit Single commands All commands except the four described in section Batch Commands will only cause a single reply from the SLS sensor They cannot be concatenated but must be given individually Laser Intensity milliwatts Command W gt Reply Wr rr gt Laser On
39. minal or a PC running an ANSI terminal emulation program Before the setup menu is shown the user must enter the password after the PWD gt reply from the probe Command SELCAT gt Parameter Options Keyb Measurement LSBs Millimeters Inches Tab key Units Protocol Type ASCII Binary Tab key Interface Selcom RS 422 Tab key Samples Per 1 1024 Num Keys Enter Average Valid threshold 10 90 Num Keys Enter 20 Analog Output Hold Latest Valid Output Tab key On Invalid Zero F1 Save And Fl Exit F2 Save Do F2 Not Exit F3 Exit Do F3 Not Save Illegal commands Command gt as an example of an illegal command Reply commands which are illegal have parameters with values outside the legal range or contain too many characters more than 12 will be rejected by the SLS sensor and cause the reply shown above Binary replies RS 232 The SLS sensor can be set up to give binary replies over RS 232 The primary reason for using this mode would be to speed up the data transfers and to make the master s job easier in decoding the SLS sensor s output Only a subset of the commands described in section Conventions can be used with binary replies For instance it would be impossible or at least rather complicated to transmit a fractional value in binary mode Note Only the replies are binary The commands sent by the master to the SLS sensors are the same as in ASCII reply mode Reply
40. nce surface and the measured material is important 4 Eccentricity of a reference roll may cause variation in the thickness value Keeping track of the roll while performing multiple calibrations may solve this problem For a dual SLS sensor system 03 09 05 The distance between the two SLS sensors must not be changed between calibration and measurement The accuracy of a dual SLS sensor system for thickness measurement is highly dependent on laser beam adjustment of the two sensors It is necessary to have the two laser beams concentric through the entire measurement range In the left figure below the thickness will decrease when the measured object is tilted as in the figure and increase more than correct when tilted the other way In the right figure the thickness of the measured object will increase for any tilt angle WRONG CORRECT Figure 21 Installation example dual sensor thickness measurement Useful equipment IR viewer Piece of cardboard paper about 0 5 x 100 x 100 mm preferably blue Piece of non transparent material about 5 x 100 x 100 mm with even thickness e Horizontal spirit level 30 03 09 05 Sensor 1 is mounted in its fixed position Use the horizontal sprit level Make sure that the mechanical flap in front of the laser aperture is in the closed position Start by making this plane horizontal Sensor 1 Figure 22 Illustration of how to mount the sensor 2 QN 9 Sensor
41. nge check distance between sensor and object Laser spot invisible to the naked human eye 4 Yellow LED ON e Laser is OFF or e Laser is ON but no object in the measurement range or e Laser is ON with an object in the measurement range Indication that the Laser is faulty contact LMI Technologies 5 Yellow and Green LED is blinking Faulty sensor condition contact LMI Technologies 39 7 Appendixes Appendix A Revision page Revision Date Page Description P9 2 00 05 09 Front page SLS2400 changed to SLS2401 Appendix Non Volatile Memory information added E P9 3 01 01 09 Section 7 Start up current corrected Figure added for Selcom synchronous P9 4 01 01 31 Appendix Changed to meet the visible red laser B P9 5 03 09 05 Section 3 Laser safety updated section updated and Appendix sections Appendix B Accessories LMI Technologies can supply the following accessories e Additional cables Heat protected cables Air purge adapter Power supply Heat shield temperatures lt 750 C Appendix C SLS asynch 1 protocol 03 09 05 General information Baud rate 9600 baud RS 232 38400 baud RS 422 Character 8 LSBs length Parity None Start LSBs 1 LSB Stop LSBs 1 LSB HW handshake None SW handshake XON XOFF RS 232 ASCII reply mode only Max update 50 Hz RS 232 ASCII reply mode 40 03 09 05 100 Hz RS 232 binary reply mode 1000 Hz RS 422 The SLS sensor always operates a
42. om serial synchronous interface 03 09 05 The Selcom output is a proprietary synchronous serial output It uses a clock and a data signal with the clock only running while data is being transmitted Each data item is 16 bits The same physical output can also be configured in for serial as RS422 The Selcom serial is a gated clock inverted clock and data and data inverted according to the figure below MSB 15 the most significant bit and is the Invalid bit MSB LSB 11 7 6 5 4 jJ 5 29 oj twa LLLLILLLLLLLTI CLT mamrna Clock Data Figure Selcom serial synchronous output Clock rate 16 kHz gated clock Logical 1 C gt 0 6 V C inv D gt 0 6 V D inv Logical 0 C inv gt 0 6V D inv gt 0 6 V D Max Load OH Output High OL Output Low Voltage U OH gt 2 0 V U OL lt 0 8 V 13 RS422 Current Or Full duplex Protocol Ref Invalid output 03 09 05 gt 40 mA I OL lt 40 mA SLS ASYNCH 1 Appendix E 100 ohm Inv out Inv out Figure 9 Optocoupled Max ratings VCE 35 V Rise time typical Fall time typical Ic 50mA 60 us 53 us 4 Symbols The following symbol appears in the manual R The symbol identifies conditions or practices that are hazardous Safety precautions 03 09 05 The light source of the SLS is a semiconductor laser emitting visible o
43. on These parameters can be found as follows Parameter Exposure time base Time base for MPE is 10 s for invisible see example A 4 2 in the IEC 60825 1 ed 1 2 and for Visible 0 25 s example A 4 1 Max pulse power wavelength and pulse Explanatory label affixed to the product duration Pulse repetition frequency Same as the term Sampling frequency found in the Q record 16000 Hz for all SLS 4 1 1 5 MPE values for SLS The MPE values as well as the results of the calculation of each of three requirements of 13 3 in IEC 80625 are stated in the table Wavelength 13 3 a 13 3 b 13 3 Most Most Jm J m restrictive restrictive Jim corresponds to Na 655 nm visible 7 52E 03 1 59E 03 9 46E 04 9 46E 04 780 nm NIR 1 09 02 9 I4E 04 5 44E 04 5 44E 04 NOHD See Annex A section A 5 in the IEC standard and TR 60825 10 Parameters 03 09 05 18 necessary to be able to calculate the are MPE max average power beam divergence diameter of emergent laser beam a and Non Gaussian correction factor These parameters can be found as follows Parameter Max average power Q record Beam divergence angle See section Sensor configuration LMI use 2 5 See table above Diameter of emergent laser beam a 5mm The NOHD value for each sensor can be found in the Q record Warning labels 03 09 05 Products complies with IEC 60825 1 and with FDA performance standards for lase
44. pical size of the detector is 1 10 mm Figure 5 The analog position sensitive detector The detector current generated by the light spot is divided into two parts I1 and 12 The distances between the light spot and the electrodes 1 and 2 give the ratio between the currents 2 1 1 1 Advantages Advantages 1 Fast Rise time 10 90 typical 0 2 usec 2 High suppression of ambient light 3 Very high resolution Limited only by the following Analogue to Digital converter The technique also enables fast regulation of the output laser power This fast regulation makes measurement of almost any material or surface possible and allows for fast and big variations of measured surfaces color and reflectiveness 03 09 05 8 Linearization O SELCOM _ 85155000 Detector output Non linearized function Desired function A small portion of the scattered light Scattered light reflection The function between the raw output from the detector and the actual distance between the SLS sensor and the measured object is non linear This non linearity is mainly due to the geometry of this type of measurements and to the analog portion of the data processing Therefore each sensor is factory calibrated to compensate for any non linearity or other built in error Using a moving target and a reference scale a translation table is constructed and stored in non volatile memory inside the sensor Figure 6 I
45. r invisible light The SLS has a 2 3R or 3B classification according to IEC 60825 1 Safety of Laser products and complies also with FDA performance standards for laser products except for deviations pursuant to Laser Notice No 50 dated July 26 2001 The classification for each sensor is stated on the laser warning labels on the sensor Make sure that you take the proper precautions for the laser class of the sensor you are using If you are uncertain of the laser class or if you have questions regarding precautions or laser safety standards please contact your nearest LMI office The following safety precautions must be observed when working with the equipment laser light is reflected by a mirror or any mirror like surface e The emitted light can damage the eye if directly exposed or if the directly into the eye Follow all warnings and instructions in the manual Personnel working with or near the SLS must be informed about safety distance hazardous area and other installation specific hazards procedures other than those specified herein may result in Caution Use of controls or adjustments performance of hazardous radiation exposure Ensure that the voltage from the power supply matches the specifications for the equipment If otherwise is not explicitly stated always disconnect the power supply unit during installation service and maintenance of the SLS The power supply unit delivered from LMI Technologies is provi
46. r products except for deviations pursuant to Laser Notice No 50 dated July 26 2001 The following labels are attached to the languages Selcom MEASUREMENT amp CONTROL BOX 250 S 433 25 PARTILLE SWEDEN PART NO TYPE S N Made in The Netherlands MONTH YEAR OUTPUT MANUFACTURED Figure 11 Manufacturers serial number label Class 2 Laser Aperture Class AVOID EXPOSURE laser radiation emitted 59 from this aperture Class 3B AVOID EXPOSURE Invisible laser radiation emitted from this aperture Example Near Infrared laser Figure 10a Explanatory label example Figure 10 b Aperture label English Laser Safety References 1 International Standard IEC 60825 1 2001 08 Consolidated Edition Safety of laser products Part 1 Equipment classification requirements and user s guide 2 Technical Report IEC TR 60825 10 safety of laser products part10 Application guidelines and explanatory notes to IEC 60825 1 3 Laser Notice No 50 FDA and CDRH http www fda gov cdrh rad health html 03 09 05 20 5 INSTALLATION Pin configuration DSUB 15 pin pin connector CONTACT series R2 5 16 pin pin connector 1 12 11 NEED e TU 16 1 Receive data RS232 C 9 Transmit data RS232 C 3 CLOCK SELCOM interface 25422 Rx 4 CLOCK inv SELCOM interface or 5422 Rx 5 DATA SELCOM interface or RS422 Tx 6 interface or RS422 Tx
47. rature Single Commands Laser On Off Command L1 gt laser on L0 gt laser off Reply 0x71 laser on 0x70 laser off Averaging Factor Filter Cutoff Frequency Command Annnn gt Reply OxAO OxXXXX The first binary word after the identifier 0 0 is the parameter nnnn in binary form Set Output Rate For Batch Data Command Bnnn gt Reply 0xXX The first binary byte after the identifier 0 0 is the parameter nnn in binary form The parameter may be as low as in binary reply mode giving an output rate of 100 Hz Synchronize reset filter Command S gt Reply 0x90 Set Nominal Value for calibration Command Nnnnn gt measurement unit LSBs Reply 0x80 OxXXXX This command can be used only if the measurement unit is LSBs The first binary word after the identifier 0x80 is the parameter nnnn in binary form Calibrate Command C gt Reply 0 1 calibration was OK 0 0 calibration failed Reset Calibration Command SR Reply Illegal commands Command gt as an example of an illegal command Reply OxFF Binary commands and replies RS 422 48 03 09 05 Both commands and replies sent over RS 422 are binary The command set is basically a subset of the RS 232 ASCII command set but there is also a special command for requesting a batch of distance values with single laser intensity and probe temperature values added at the end of the batch This comm
48. roducts emits radiation where direct intrabeam viewing is potentially hazardous but the risk is lower than for Class 3B lasers and fewer manufacturing requirements and control measures for users apply than for Class 3B lasers 4 1 1 3 Class 3B laser products Class 3B laser products are unsafe for eye exposure Usually only ocular protection would be required Diffuse reflections are safe if viewed for less than 10 s 4 1 1 4 Nominal Ocular Hazard Distance NOHD or safety distance 03 09 05 The NOHD is related to the Maximum Permissible Exposure MPE The NOHD is the nominal distance at which the exposure equals the MPE The concept of NOHD is used when laser products such as range finders or display lasers are to be used in the open air Stand O ff Irradiance or Radiant Exposure equals MPE 4 Beam divergence NOHD Exposure does Exposure exceeds MPE Not exceed MPE The NOHD is depending on Stand Off and working power and can be found in the Quality record that comes with each sensor delivered See appendix G Quality Record for the actual NOHDof your sensor and actual parameters for your SLS in order to calculate MPE and NOHD Figure 10 The concept of nominal ocular hazard distance Calculation of MPE and NOHD MPE See section 13 in the IEC80825 1 Parameters necessary to be able to calculate the MPE are exposure time base max pulse power wavelength pulse repetition frequency and pulse durati
49. s a slave i e it never initiates a data transfer itself data transfers must be requested by an external device referred to in the rest of this document as the master The master can communicate with the SLS sensor either via RS 232 or RS 422 The RS 422 command set is a subset of the full RS 232 command set RS 232 commands are always ASCII whereas RS 422 commands are binary The output from the SLS may be either ASCII or binary over RS 232 but is always binary over RS 422 Definitions Distance Value The reply differs with the measurement unit that is used The actual number of fractional digits in the case of millimeters or inches depends on the sensors scale factor Measurement The reply gives the validity of the signal as a percentage of Validity the last 100 samples Laser Intensity The reply gives the laser intensity as a percentage of the maximum The maximum is calibrated when the sensor is manufactured A command for reading the actual laser power in milliwatts exists in RS232 ASCII reply mode see section Laser Intensity Sensor The reply gives the temperature in degrees Celsius It is Temperature measured inside the sensor Conventions The following conventions are used in this document nnnnn Groups of the letter n stand for integer numbers written with ASCII characters The number of n s indicate the maximum permitted number of characters Fewer characters may be used Rrr rrr Groups of the letter r stand for re
50. should transmit The data transmitted as a result of such a command is referred to as a batch in the rest of this document These four commands may also be concatenated into a single command In this case they may appear in any order but they must precede the nnnnn parameter The parameter applies equally to all the data types in the command i e it is not possible to ask for one number of distance values and another number of temperature values Non Volatile Memory software parameters are stored in a Flash memory inside the sensor Parameters can be changed by serial commands RS 232 as well as RS 422 but they cannot be stored in the Flash memory when changed in that way The only way to make new parameter values permanent is to use the sensor s interactive setup menu see section Parameter Setup later in this appendix The reason for this behavior is that it takes a long time several seconds to 42 03 09 05 write data to the Flash memory During that time the sensor is blind and deaf to the outside world and cannot perform its normal measurement duties Because the reason for having parameter changing serial commands is to be able to change the sensor s behaviour on the fly that kind of delay is unacceptable To sum up the following rules apply Parameters that are changed by serial commands will keep their new values for as long as the sensor is powered up If the sensor is shut down and then powered up again
51. spot will be focused on a certain spot on the detector The detector is a high resolution position sensitive detector It converts the light spot to electrical signals from which the electronics can calculate the actual distance to the object Moving objects no problem The measurement is very rapid The SLS sensor repeats the measurement sequence 16000 times per second This makes it possible to measure moving and vibrating objects By using several SLS sensors you can measure thickness profiles diameter etc The accuracy is high the error is normally less than 0 2 of the measurement range Sampling frequency and bandwidth Sampling frequency and bandwidth are related but not identical quantities The sampling frequency tells how often the sensor evaluates the raw analog signal by performing an A D conversion The bandwidth value tells how that analog signal is conditioned before the A D conversion In order to avoid certain signal processing problems the bandwidth has to be lower than the sampling frequency it may not exceed 50 of the sampling frequency and for that reason the signal is put through an analog filter stage before the A D conversion Although it is not a theoretically correct way to express it one might say that the bandwidth determines how fast a measurement signal may change and have the change detected by the sensor The analog position sensitive detector N 11 Incoming light I2 b Light spot Ty
52. structure In binary mode the reply to each command has a leading identifier which consists of one byte but there is no trailing prompter In the replies to batch commands only one identifier is output for the whole batch i e no identifying byte is prefixed to each data item This means that the master must keep a correct count of received bytes in order to decode data properly and to know when the next command can be sent This is especially important in the batch commands where 46 03 09 05 large amounts of data with different types of data intermixed may occur Batch Commands The batch commands can be used in binary mode If two or more commands are concatenated the identifier bytes are ORed together in the reply to allow the master to check that the SLS sensor understood the command correctly Distance Value Command Dnnnnn gt Reply 0 1 OxXXXX OxYYYY OxYYYY repeated nnnnn times This command can be used only if the measurement unit is LSBs The first binary word after the identifier 0 1 is the parameter nnnnn in binary form NOTE If the measurement is invalid the sensor will normally report a distance value of 0x0000 But if a calibration has been made using the C gt serial command the output associated with invalid measurements will be nonzero the actual value will depend on what the sensor was reading at the time of calibration Measurement Validity 96 Command Vnnnnn gt Reply OxE2 OxXXXX OxYY
53. surement is invalid the sensor will report a distance value of 0x0000 Measurement Validity Command OxE2 OxXXXX Reply OxE2 OxXXXX OxYY OxYY repeated OXXXXX times The parameter 0xX XXX works the same as for the Distance Value command Laser Intensity percent of maximum Command OxE4 OxXXXX Reply OxE4 OxXXXX OxYY OxYY repeated OXXXXX times The parameter 0xX XXX works the same as for the Distance Value command Sensor Temperature C Command OxE8 OxXXXX Reply OxE8 OxXXXX OxYY OxYY repeated OxXXXX times The parameter 0xX XXX works the same as for the Distance Value command Special Batch Command OxFO OxXXXX Reply OxF1 OxYYYY repeated OXXXXX times 0xZZ This command requests a batch of OxX XXX distance values followed by one laser 49 03 09 05 intensity and one temperature value Note that the reply identifier in this case is not identical to the command identifier This is for backward compatibility reasons A parameter value of 0x0000 cannot be used with this command and would in any case be useless this would in effect be equivalent to the command OxE1 0x0000 Note For compatibility the count parameter is NOT included in the reply of this command Examples Command OxE3 0x0100 Reply OxE3 0x0100 OxXXXX OxYY OxXXXX OxYY repeated 256 times This command requests 256 groups consisting of a distance and a validity value The identifier 0 is the inclusive
54. t all within the given specifications Advise The SLS sensor system will measure the actual thickness of the hot material Be sure to take into account the temperature expansion effect when comparing with other measurements Geometry of the material Secondary reflections 03 09 05 The SLS sensor position data is given by the center of gravity of laser light on the detector The laser light must origin from the laser spot on the surface If laser light scattered from the spot reaches the detector via a secondary reflection that may affect the reading In most cases the phenomena can be avoided by orienting the SLS sensor according to the figure below WRONG CORRECT Scan ie 22 Profiling Figure 31 Sensor orienteering 37 6 SERVICE AND MAINTENANCE It is possible during service and maintenance that unintentional exposure to laser light may occur takes extra care not to look into the laser aperture of the SLS sensor unless you are certain that the laser beam is turned off Tools that are used during installation may give mirror like reflections If possible wear protective goggles The laser beam of the SLS sensor cannot burn skin No changes or modifications may be made to the sensor or its cable unless you have a written permission from LMI Technologies If the sensor is opened or modified without permission warranty is voided For service contact the LMI Technologies office closest to your location or
55. ter means More information is available in the relevant manual sections Section Sensor Info Sensor type The sensor s official type designation LMI Technology s part number The serial number of this particular sensor Operator The name of the person who was responsible for 5 uuu Section Parameters Measurement Range The nominal Measurement Range for the sensor type The actual Measurement Range for each individual sensor may be different from the nominal value by as much as shown by the tolerance indication in parenthesis Mounting Standoff The nominal Mounting Stand Off for the sensor type The actual Mounting Stand Off for each individual sensor may be different from the nominal value by as much as shown by the tolerance indication in parenthesis Scale Factor The nominal Scale Factor for the sensor type The actual Scale Factor for each individual sensor may be different from the nominal value by as much as shown by the tolerance indication in parenthesis Outputs The output interfaces available in this sensor Explanations below for information about these different interfaces see Explanations section below Special tests Some sensor types for specific applications must be put through special tests which are not compulsory for all sensors The operator must check one of these two boxes to indicate whether such tests are required and if so that they have been carried out Section Laser S
56. tration equipment according to chapter Cable requirements Technical specification Dimensions Length 218 6 mm 8 5 inches Height 62 8 mm 2 5 inches Width 143 7 mm 5 6 inches Weight 1 4 kg 3 1 Ibs Environmental conditions Protection class IP50 NEMA 1 Temperature Operating 0 50 32 120 F Storage 30 70 C 20 160 F Power requirements Input voltage 110 230 VAC 10 Line frequency 50 60 Hz Power consumption 40 W 50 W peak at startup Front panel Figure 32 Front panel A Key switch The key is removable when power is off B Power ON LED Illuminated when power is turned on Color Green B Figure 33 Rear panel A Power receptacle B Laser Remote Control LRC connector Screw terminal with a jumper controlling the LASER ON signal to both SLS1 and SLS2 The lasers are on 03 09 05 51 if power is on AND the jumper or a remote switch is closed C Two SLS sensors connectors SLS1 and SLS2 Socket connectors for easy connection of one or two SLS sensors with DSUBmin connectors Front view DSUB 15 pin socket connector SLS Powerbox 24 connectors SLS1 and SLS2 15 4 1 Receive data RS232 C 9 Transmit data RS232 C 3 CLOCK SELCOM interface or RS422 Rx 4 CLOCK inv SELCOM interface or RS422 Rx 5 DATA SELCOM interface or RS422 Tx 6 DATA inv SELCOM interface or RS422 Tx 8 Invalid out when analog interface is used 12 Invalid out when analog interface is
57. used 13 Analog out 11 Ground 14 Laser ON 24 VDC 15 Power 24 VDC Figure 34 SLS1 and SLS2 connector pin configuration D Two output connectors 1 and H2 Pin connectors with capacity to output all signals available from the SLS sensor Front view DSUB 15 pin pin connector SLS Powerbox 24 connectors H1 and H2 1 1 Receive data RS232 C 9 Transmit data RS232 C 3 CLOCK SELCOM interface RS422 Rx 4 CLOCK inv interface or RS422 Rx 5 DATA SELCOM interface or RS422 Tx 6 DATA inv SELCOM interface or RS422 Tx 8 Invalid out when analog interface is used 12 Invalid out when analog interface is used 13 Analog out 11 Ground Figure 35 H1 and H2 connector pin configuration 03 09 05 52 Appendix E Connection table Cable Terminal ends 03 09 05 COLOUR Terminal ends SIGNAL TYPE BROWN 1 YELLOW 9 TxD GREY 3 CLK RX PINK 4 INV CLK RX BLUE 5 DATA TX RED 6 INV DATA TX WHITE YELLOW 12 INV OUT WHITE GREEN 13 ANALOG OUT YELLOW BROWN 14 LASER ON 24 v BROWN GREEN 8 INV OUT RED BLUE N C BLACK N C VIOLET N C GREY PINK 15 24 V POWER SUPPLY WHITE GREEN 2 11 GND CABLES SHIELD CONNECTOR HOUSING 53 Appendix F Quality Record The Quality Record is delivered together with every sensor from LMI Technologies Its purpose 15 to present the most important data about the sensor in a compact way More information about different aspects of the
58. wer requirements Performance Sensor configuration SLS5000 SLS6000 SLS2401 SLS2008 Analog Output Digital Outputs RS232 C Selcom serial synchronous interface RS422 Invalid output 4 SAFETY REQUIREMENT Symbols Safety precautions Summary of user precautions regarding laser Emission delay Safety of Laser products Maximum Permissible Exposures MPEs Laser product classification Calculation of MPE and NOHD MPE NOHD Warning labels Laser Safety References 03 09 05 1 R 10 10 10 10 11 11 11 12 12 12 13 13 13 14 14 15 15 15 16 16 17 17 17 18 18 18 19 20 5 INSTALLATION Cable requirements Analog output Scale factor current output and engineering units Load conditions for analog output Alternative connections for valid output Cable crosstalk Electrical installations examples Mechanical installation For a single SLS sensor system For a dual SLS sensor system Hints for measurements Material Unstable thickness reading Surface texture Static texture error Temperature of the material Geometry of the material Secondary reflections 6 SERVICE AND MAINTENANCE Keeping the front glass clean Visual check for damage LED indicators Yellow and Green 7 APPENDIXES Appendix A Revision page Appendix B Accessories Appendix C SLS asynch 1 protocol Appendix D SLS power unit 24 Appendix E Connection table Appendix F Quality Record Appendix G Dimension
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