Breadboard Laboratory Interface Processor User Manual
Contents
1. Figure 24 Bottom of the attached USB receptacle Note that the large prongs are not soldered 20 Attach the two 10 uF electrolytic capacitors Figure 25 Make sure that the longer lead of the capacitors go into the holes marked with a symbol Figure 25 Attach the 10 F capacitors to the PCB Make sure you have their orientation correct Attach the two pushbuttons Figure 26 Be sure that the flat of the button is lined up with the flat part of the button representation on the PCB Losses i UIA IE ITIJN ME gt ge Cal Ae PICi Let et ststetstststsletets Figure 26 Attach the two pushbuttons to the PCB Make sure to have their orientation correct 21 Plug the headers into the header pins as shown in Figure 27 000 00000000 06000000 100000 00000 100000 Al ll oO o O O Figure 27 Plug the headers into the header pins Make sure they are oriented the same as in the picture At this point the construction of the board is complete The final step is to insert the ICs into their sockets The ICs pins will not fit perfectly into the sockets without some bending A reliable way to do this is to first rest one row of pins into their position in the socket without pushing them in Then push the chip towards those pins until the other row of pins will fit into their positions on the socket Make sure to note the orientation of the chips The notch on the chip should line up with the2. and back copper layers connect the various pins of the components together There are also two layers inside the PCB that act as power and ground connections Specific holes are connected to these planes to provide a ground connection or 45V connection at those sites The last printed layer is the white silkscreen layer that has various annotations to label and outline where the various components go and their orientation Over top of the front and back copper layers is a coating with a material called solder mask This insulates the traces and protects them from accidental contact with other conductors The solder pads around the holes are not coated with this material Solder mask is usually green as 1s the case with the BLIP but blue red and yellow are also sometimes used on PCBs 11 000000000 0000 ooooooooo TC7662 000000000 000000000 Q e 0000 3 000000000 oQ 000000000 oa 00000000 000000000 JC amp TU 00000 5000 0000 o it O OOOOO OO domm PIC16C765 Oo o 0000000000000000Q0000 o 0 0 0 0 Janry o oO LG 40 0 90 RESET POWER BLIP vl x rev Figure 8 Front side of the BLIP PCB 2 2 3 Constructing the BLIP In the case of the BLIP all component bodies will sit on the front side of the PCB and all soldering will be on the back So that all parts can be easily soldered into place with the body of the component resting flush against the surface of the PCB it 1s recommended that al
3. notch in the socket which should also line up with the notch in the graphical socket representation on the PCB See Figure 28 for the completed BLIP ei oum 2000 oo ej oj one oo e ej ef oo e eT oo BEE oo gt ej Ste ebe i Sale 0000n An E 29 9 9 BI E EE a i c ES tz K i RK ie amp POWER RESET Figure 28 Completed BLIP with all components 22 References PICI6C745 765 8 Bit CMOS Microcontrollers with USB Microchip Technology Inc 2000 AD557 Low Cost Complete uP Compatible 8 Bit DAC Analog Devices Inc 2001 23
4. speed square wave provides a larger frequency range with a much higher maximum frequency In this setting adjusting the potentiometer varies the frequency between approximately 2 kHz and 80 kHz Unlike in the other waveform settings BLIP is unable to report the frequency of the signal when in the high speed square wave setting 1 6 Frequency Counter Mode Frequency Counter mode 1s selected by setting pin 38 and clearing pins 37 39 and 40 While in frequency counter mode BLIP counts the number of rising edges seen on pin 8 of the receptacle that occur in one second In order for BLIP to see the signal on pin 8 the signal must be a square wave oscillating between ground and 5V Pressing the report button on pin 6 causes BLIP to report the number of rising edges seen in the last second in a special decimal format representing two bytes in a 16 bit binary number The high byte HB is reported followed by a tab and then the low byte LB is reported followed by a carriage return The frequency between 0 and 65535 1s then given by a simple algebraic equation Equation 1 w 256 HB LB 1 The number rolls over at the decimal number 65536 and therefore frequencies being measured should be kept under 65 kHz to ensure accurate measurements 1 7 Period Duration Timer Mode Period Duration Counter mode 1s selected by setting pins 37 38 and clearing pins 39 40 The duration timer can be used to measure the time between digital impulses
5. this manual for a reference of the connections to the nine pin receptacle Bits are set to 1 45V by removing the jumper and cleared to 0 OV by inserting the jumper on indicates setting Table 1 Jumper settings for mode selection can be either 0 or 1 signal Generator Mode Frequency Counter Mode Event Logger Mode Period Duration Timer 1 4 Data Acquisition Mode Data acquisition mode is selected by setting pin 40 This mode allows recording of analog voltage data and can be run at two different settings low speed and high speed High speed is selected by clearing pin 39 While in high speed data acquisition mode BLIP will continually sample and record the voltage on pin 6 of the receptacle When the button on pin 6 1s pressed BLIP offloads the result of the last 64 samples to the attached computer through the USB The results sent to the computer are the digital conversions of the sampled voltage ranging from 0 00V to 5 00V typed as decimal characters from 0 255 separated by carriage returns To allow the 64 samples to represent a broad range of time intervals the sampling frequency Is controllable through a potentiometer presenting a variable voltage at pin 3 of the microprocessor Adjusting the potentiometer will vary the sampling frequency from approximately 7 50 kHz BLIP must be reset for adjustments to the sampling frequency to take effect Low speed 1s selected by setting pin 39 While in low speed data a
6. 00000 00000 5606 TAG O O mo PICI maser D DETEDLTETEEKO OO OO UO HUOT D TOM S POWER BLIP vi x reve Figure 18 Attach the other two DIP sockets in the same manner as the 40 Pin DIP socket Attach the PC Board receptacles to their respective positions Figure 19 17 Figure 19 Attach the 3 and 9 pin PC board receptacles Note their orientation Attach the ceramic resonator and then the LED in that order Figure 20 While the ceramic resonator is symmetrical and it doesn t matter which way you connect it the LED 1s not symmetrical The flat side of the LED must line up with the flat side of the LED representation on the PCB BLIP Vi x rev Figure 20 Attach the ceramic resonator and then the LED to the PCB Be ware of the orientation of the LED Attach the three 0 1 uF ceramic capacitors as shown in Figure 21 18 akk AA Y SS JW Figure 21 Attach the three 0 1 uF ceramic disk capacitors in the positions shown Attach the header pins as shown in Figure 22 Figure 22 Attach the header pins to the PCB Attach the USB receptacle to the PCB Figure 23 Only solder the four grouped leads Do not attempt to solder the prongs that are part of the receptacle chassis Figure 24 ki Figure 23 Attach the USB receptacle as shown Make sure that it is flat against the PCB and the large prongs on the side are secure in their holes before soldering 8 d ad FA DO EE 8
7. Breadboard Laboratory Interface Processor v 1 2 1 User Manual Draft 1 16 2007 Contents 1 Specifications and Operation 1 1 Introduction 1 2 Processor 1 3 Functions 1 4 Data Acquisition Mode 1 5 Signal Generator Mode 1 6 Frequency Counter Mode 1 7 Period Duration Timer Mode 1 8 Event Logger Mode 2 Construction 2 1 Pin outs and Schematics 2 2 BLIP PCB Construction 2 2 1 Parts 2 2 2 Printed Circuit Board 2 2 3 Constructing the BLIP 3 References 10 10 11 11 22 1 Specifications and Operation 1 1 Introduction The Breadboard Lab Interface Processor BLIP is a simple and inexpensive 20 system which provides basic laboratory functionality including a signal generator event logger frequency counter duration timer and data acquisition interface to any standard computer Constructed by a typical student outside the class laboratory 1n one week it occupies less than a standard breadboard and can be carried outside the teaching laboratory for homework involving hands on experimentation interfacing to the student s own computer Macintosh Linux or Windows 1 2 Processor The central component of the BLIP device is a PICI6C765 manufactured by Microchip Technology Inc 1 The processor features a built in Universal Serial Bus USB 1 1 along with the standard simple behavior of the PIC Microchip microcontroller series Through the USB BLIP can be interfaced with almost any modern computer B
8. LIP takes advantage of the Human Interface Device HID class definitions for USB which allow it to be plugged into any USB port and work without any need for previously installed drivers on Mac OS X or later and Windows 98 SE or later The attached computer sees BLIP as a standard USB keyboard This allows data from BLIP to be acquired in any word processing or spread sheet software application just as 1f someone were typing the data on a standard USB keyboard 1 3 Functions BLIP v 1 1 has five primary functions signal generator frequency counter period duration timer data acquisition and event logger The desired function is selected by configuring four bits with the inputs on pins 37 40 see Table 1 The bits can be changed at anytime However the new settings will not take effect until BLIP is reset either cycling the power off and then on or by pressing the reset button connected to pin 1 BLIP must be plugged into a USB port in order for any of the functions to work Some of the modes have various functions within them that rely on the jumper settings after the jumper that determines the mode such as the signal generator These are explained in sections describing the individual modes Note that all pin number connections indicated in this user manual except for those referring to the jumper settings on pins 37 40 and when a specific chip 1s specified will refer to the nine pin receptacle on the BLIP PCB See Table 4 in Section 2 1 of
9. ad connection which causes the first bit in Event Logger mode to interrupt the program E ata pO RESET POWER BLIP vi x reve Figure 6 Silkscreen layer of PCB version 1 x rev2 2 2 BLIP PCB Construction Putting together a device on a printed circuit board PCB should be put together in a careful methodical method in order to ensure that all of the components are cleanly connected with minimal headache While not the only reasonable order m which to connect components to the PCB for building the BLIP the instructions that follow provide step by step instructions for constructing the BLIP with as little pain as is possible 2 2 1 Parts The following is a parts list needed for constructing the BLIP The ICs are not needed for soldering together the board Part Name Qty Resistor 1 kQ Resistor 1 5 kQ 10 Single Turn Potentiometer 100 kQ 1 Ceramic Resonator 6 00 MHz i Ceramic Disc Capacitor 0 1 uF 3 Electrolytic Capacitor 10 uF 2 LED Red l PC Board Receptacle 3 Position l PC Board Receptacle 9 Position l IC Socket 40 Pin DIP l IC Socket 16 Pin DIP l IC Socket 8 Pin DIP l l 4 2 l Header Pins 2 x 4 Header Pushbutton Switch NO USB Receptical B type Figure 7 These are the parts listed above required to solder together the BLIP PCB and ICs not shown 2 2 2 Printed Circuit Board The PCB for the BLIP has a total of five printed layers The front
10. cquisition mode BLIP continually sends samples from pin 6 to the attached computer at regular intervals The period between each sample is made variable by adjusting the potentiometer at pin 3 of the miccroprocessor The maximum period is approximately 3 seconds and is capable of transmitting at a rate of 6 Hz No reset is required for adjustments to the sampling frequency in this mode to take effect 1 5 Signal Generator Mode Signal generator mode is selected by setting pin 39 and clearing pin 40 Pins 37 and 38 are used to set the type of waveform generated Table 2 When in signal generator mode BLIP sends a series of bytes to an external AD557 Analog Devices D A converter 2 where the digital code is converted into an analog voltage ranging from OV to approximately AN the maximum voltage at the output can be changed by changing the value of the resistor between pin 15 and 16 of the AD557 chip Table 2 Signal Generator waveform setting logic table Signal Type High Speed Square Wave 0 1 The standard square wave sine wave and triangle wave have a variable frequency between approximately 460 Hz and 6 8 kHz Adjusting the potentiometer varies that frequency While in one of these three modes pressing the button connected to pin 6 sends the approximate frequency in Hz of the signal being generated to the computer through the USB as four decimal characters followed by a carriage return A fourth waveform setting high
11. l parts be soldered into place in order of lowest profile to highest profile This will allow you to solder all parts into place without worrying about any of them falling away from the PCB while you are trying to solder it For the BLIP the lowest profile components are the resistors Start with the 1 5 kQ resistor and bend the leads down at a 90 angle as close to the body of the resistor as possible Figure 9 Figure 9 1 5 kQ resistor with leads bent down Insert the leads of the 1 5 kQ resistor into the holes of the PCB in the position shown in Figure 10 12 0000 HE ETT o 0 E ECKE en 00 PIC16C765 0000000000000000 kd eee L BLIP v1 x reve Figure 10 1 5 kQ resistor inserted into PCB Turn the board over and resting it on the table solder the two leads onto the solder pads Figure 11 Figure 11 Solder the two leads of the 1 5 kQ resistor onto the solder pads After you have two good solder joints clip the excess of the leads off to leave behind 1 16 to 1 8 inch above the PCB Figure 12 13 Figure 12 Clip off the excess wire from the leads Similarly attach the remaining four 1 KQ resistors to the PCB as shown in Figure 13 e00000000 000000000 000000000 000000000 000000000 000000000 000000000 0009 O00 emo ette PIC16C765 0 ang am CIID O 9 ZEN 33 40k o rr RESET S POWER BLIP vi x reve 9 Figure 13 Attach the 1 kQ resistors in the po
12. nput 34 Event Logger Input Event Logger Input Event Logger Input Operating mode switches Operating mode switches Operating mode switches Operating mode switches Event Logger Input Analog Data Input Event Logger Clock Input BLIP 15 Duration Timer Clock Frequency Counter Input BLIP 17 Duration Timer Input ert 2 A S V 5V d 1 ZANO ew 100K E 3 IK b V pt5V Base 3 i 4 e 5 MSB BIT1 Voyr VR 0 2uF BIT2 2 AK Vusg BIT 3 BIT 4 Vour SENSE A 45V nm LSK Vour SENSE B 1 2 23 WRITE USB 4 GREEN V d V A D Programmed PIC 16C 765 BLIP Q AD557 CSTLSLM G 5327 BO TC7662A Figure 2 Complete schematic of BLIP v 1 1 O 00000000 000 n 00000000 00000000 00000000 Q CH ocoa o 00000000 o o 00000000 o 00000000 00000000 0000 goo x M o o o o JEG o HEEN o o o o o O 0 d o 3 o o Figure 3 Top copper layer of PCB version 1 x rev2 000000000 oooo op 000000000 o 000000000 eg Oo 000000000 O CH 0000 gt o 000000000 oo o 000000000 oo 000000000 00000 0000 o 00000000 oo 3 o o B o o o o 00000000000000000 S o 00 o B ooo o o o 2 o o o Figure 4 Bottom copper layer of PCB version 1 x rev2 O 0000000080 ceo c 52223229 0 o mh 90000000080 e 000000000 o 00000000 000000000 00000 I d agang car Figure 5 Power and ground plane connections with top copper layer shown for PCB version 1 x rev2 note b
13. on pin 9 of the receptacle For the duration timer to function an external clock source must be provided on pin 8 The external clock source will continually increment a 16 bit timer register The current state of the 16 bit timer register 1s sent to the attached computer whenever a digital impulse occurs on pin 9 the state 1s captured on the rising edge and reported on the falling edge The state of the timer 1s reported in the same method as with the frequency counter with a high byte and a low byte If the reported states are converted into decimal numbers the measured duration then becomes duration t x t x t 1 Where x t 1s the acquired sample and x t 1 1s the previous sample Since the 16 bit number will role over to 0 after 65535 it 1s necessary to use a mod function to obtain continuously accurate results It also should be noted that the time between impulses cannot be more than 65535 times the period of the clock input frequency Currently the duration timer has only been tested with a 1 0 kHz clock input 1 8 Event Logger Mode Event Logger mode is selected by setting pin 37 and clearing pins 38 40 The event logger continuously monitors pins 33 36 for any change in digital state A clock 1s needed on pin 4 On each falling edge of pin 7 BLIP will transfer the current state of the monitored pins to the attached computer in the form of 1 s and 0 s BLIP reports the state of each pin starting with pin 2 of the rece
14. ptacle and ending with pin 5 separated by tabs and followed by a carriage return Due to the time lag during which BLIP 1s transferring data to the computer input frequencies must be kept below 3 Hz for accurate monitoring 2 Construction 2 1 Pin outs and Schematics The following figures detail the Pin outs of the actual BLIP processor the schematics of the BLIP system and the printed layers of the PCB on which the BLIP is built Note the following about this particular implementation The single 0 2 uF capacitor at pin 18 of the microprocessor has been replaced by two 0 1 uF capacitors in parallel 13 Crystal oscillator Crystal oscillator Duration Timer Clock Frequency Counter 40 Pin DIP Input Duration T Input VRAD ANO H2 Ge lt lt uraton Limer inpu RAVAN Sek 38 b 2 RBS ES 14 37 D RB4 RAA TOCKI 4 6 35 1 RB2 D A converter RASJAN44 07 1 34D 4 RBI REO RD ANS e 8 e 33 RBO INT RET WR AN6 e 19 P S32D Vob D A converter REZ CS AN7 10 Q 31 fh vss DD 0 11 30 1 RD7 PSP7 D A converter Vss e d12 D 29D RDS PSP6 m E S 3C2 C 0 14 270 as IPS converter RCO T1OSO T1CKI e 15 26 D RC7 RX DT NOM egger ard Een D VusB 18 23 D D RD 1 PSP1 20 21 D RD2 PSP2 Figure 1 Pin Diagram of PIC16C765 40 Pin D A converter DIP 1 5V internally connected Event Logger I
15. sitions shown 14 Attach the 100 kQ potentiometer to the PCB Figure 14 You might want to use something to prop up the other side of the PCB while soldering so that the board lays flat against the bottom of the potentiometer Figure 15 Figure 14 Attach the 100 kQ potentiometer as shown ooo o o o000000 le o00000 oo00099 E 3 T T o e 00090909 M ooo o oo oo A i 4 0000009995 oof o 9000 O 0 6 00000 000 0000 oo O 00 0 OG oce 000 000 0 000 000 Oo o a OD D 0000 0000 0000 0000 00000000 o 00000000 00000 00000 0000 00000000 v Figure 15 Whenever possible make sure that the component is flat against the PCB You may need to prop up one side of the PCB while soldering to allow for this 15 Attach the 40 Pin DIP socket to the PCB Figure 16 You might want to solder two opposite corner pins first to secure it in place while you solder the rest of the pins Figure 17 LES even Pjsrsisieteisis teri trii tria rte rtr POER 72 EIS BLIP vi x reve Figure 16 Attach the 40 Pin DIP socket a 000 0000 d 1 Loa ooo 0000 9 o00090 090 0 00000009 O Figure 17 Soldering two opposite pins first helps hold a large component in place while you solder the rest of the pins 16 Attach the other two DIP sockets Figure 18 0000
Download Pdf Manuals
Related Search