Reverse Osmosis
Contents
1. Symptoms y Possible Pee Corrective Salt Passage Permeate Flow Pressure Drop Location Causes Verification Action The motor may not be drawing the correct current Use a clamp on amp meter to check the current draw 9 Leaks Check the system for leaks as this can result in low pressure Abnormal Permeate Flow Permeate flow should be within 15 of the rated production after correcting the feed water temperatures above or below 77 F Check your permeate flow meter to determine the permeate flow rate If the system does not have a permeate flow meter measure the time it takes to fill a 1 gallon container then calculate the permeate flow rate at gallons per minute or gallons per day NOTE To determine the temperature correction factor locate the Temperature Correction Table in this User s Manual and follow the directions 1 Causes of Low Permeate Flow Cold Feed Water Low Operating Pressure Defective Membrane Brine Seal Fouled or Scaled Membrane 2 Causes of High Permeate Flow Defective Product Tube O Rings Defective or Oxidized Membrane 3 Causes of Poor Permeate Quality Low Operating Pressure Defective Product Tube O Rings Defective or Oxidized Membrane 18 High Against Design Guidelines Improve Analysis of pretreatment to Normal to D cr as d Normal to Predominately Metal Oxide Metal lons in remove metals Increased Increased F2. Design Vertical Vertical Vertical Gallons Per Day 4000 5000 7000 Dimensions approx 30 x 38 x 47 30 x 38 x 47 30 x 38 x 47 Weight approx 235 Ibs 250 Ibs 265 Ibs Recycle Line Optional Optional Optional Auto Flush Optional Optional Optional Element Size in 4040 TFC HF 3 4040 TFC HF 3 4040 TFC HF 3 Elements qty 2 3 4 Motor HP 1 15 1 5 Voltage 110 220 110 220 110 220 Hertz 50 60 50 60 50 60 Feed Connection Y Ya Y Product Connection dl 1 A Waste Connection 1 1 1 Feed Water amp Operation Specifications Nothing has a greater effect on a reverse osmosis system than the feed water quality For lasting performance it is important to supply the system with the feed water quality shown below It is also important to feed the system the required amount of feed water NOTE It is very important to meet the feed water requirements Failure to do so will cause the membranes to foul and void the warranty Feed Waiter Specifications Hardness lt 1 grain Hydrogen Sulfide 0 ppm Free Chlorine 0 ppm Manganese lt 0 05 ppm Total Dissolved Solids lt 2000 ppm Organics lt 1 ppm Turbidity SDI lt 5 Temperature 40 F 80 F pH 3 11 8 C 27 C Iron lt 0 01 ppm Pressure 20 60 psi Silica lt 1 ppm Flow Rate 3 gpm The manufacurer has provided you with operation speicifications These specifications should be met in order to have the reverse osmosis system perform optimally All operation specific
3. flow direction during cleaning must be the same as during normal operation to prevent element telescoping because the housing thrust ring is installed only on the reject end of the housing This is also recommended for smaller elements Cleaning Procedures There are seven steps in cleaning membrane elements with organics 1 Make up the cleaning solution listed from Table 1 Table 1 Organic Cleaning Solution Preferred 0 1 wt Soda Ash PH 12 30 C maximum Preferred 0 1 wt NaOH 0 025 wt PH 12 30 C maximum Notes 1 wt Denotes weight percent of active ingredient 2 Cleaning chemical symbols in order used NaOH is sodium hydroxide Cleaning the Organics from Membrane Elements 2 Low flow pumping Pump mixed preheated cleaning solution to the vessel at conditions of low flow rate about half of that shown in Table 2 and low pressure to displace the process water Use only enough pressure to compensate for the pressure drop from feed to concentrate The pressure should be low enough that essentially no permeate is produced A low pressure minimizes re deposition of dirt on the membrane Dump the concentrate as necessary to prevent dilution of the cleaning solution Table 2 Recommended Feed Flow Rate Per Housing During High Flow Rate Re Circulation Dependent on number of elements in pressure vessel 4 Inch full fit elements should be cleaned at 12 14 gpm 2 7 3 2 m3 hr 3 Re circulate After the process
4. minutes close the concentrate valve to its previous position raising the operating pressure to 150 psi Ensure the proper concentrate flow rate is going to the drain 5 The system is now ready to operate Draining the System for Shipment Prior to shipping or storing your system the system should be cleaned with an appropriate cleaner flushed with water and protected from biological attack with an appropriate solution for membrane elements The membrane housing s and plumbing lines of the system must be completely drained Any water remaining in the plumbing of a system may freeze causing serious damage The party shipping or storing the system is responsible for any damage resulting from freezing To drain the system 1 Disconnect the inlet concentrate pre filter and permeate plumbing 2 Drain all water from the pre filter cartridge housings by unscrewing the housings removing the pre filter cartridges and drain the water from the housings 3 Disconnect the tubing from the connector on the permeate and concentrate inlets and outlets 4 Fully open the concentrate valve 5 Drain the flow meters by disconnecting the tubing from the bottom fitting of each meter 6 Allow the system to drain for a minimum of eight hours or until the opened ports quit dripping 7 After draining is complete reconnect all of the plumbing Troubleshooting If the system production declines or the system stops working check the mechanical compon
5. sections follow accepted safety practices Consult the chemical manufacturer for detailed information about safety handling and disposal 2 When preparing cleaning solutions ensure that all chemicals are dissolved and well mixed before circulating the solutions through the membrane elements 3 It is recommended the membrane elements be flushed with good quality chlorine free water after cleaning Permeate water is recommended but a de chlorinated potable supply or pre filtered feed water may be used provided that there are no corrosion problems in the piping system Operate initially at reduced flow and pressure to flush the bulk of the cleaning solution from the elements before resuming normal operating pressures and flows Despite this precaution cleaning chemicals will be present on the permeate side following cleaning Therefore permeate must be diverted to drain for at least 10 minutes or until the water is clear when starting up after cleaning 4 During recirculation of cleaning solutions the temperatures must not exceed 50 C at pH 2 10 35 C at pH 1 11 and 30 C at pH 1 12 5 For membrane elements greater than six inches in diameter the flow direction during cleaning must be the same as during normal operation to prevent element telescoping because the housing thrust ring is installed only on the reject end of the housing This is also recommended for smaller elements Cleaning Procedures There are seven steps in cleani
6. the system and place it in a one gallon bucket Measure the time it takes to fill the bucket to determine the feed flow Feed flow is measured in gallons per minute so divide 1 gallon by the time in minutes to obtain the flow rate Refer to the System Specifications for the required feed flow Inlet Solenoid Valve Feed water enters the system through an automatic solenoid shut off valve which is normally closed Ensure that the solenoid opens when the reverse osmosis pump starts The system can be operated without the solenoid for troubleshooting Remove the solenoid to see if it is contributing to the problem Normally cleaning the solenoid diaphragm will correct any malfunction of the solenoid Electric Check to ensure that there are no electrical fuses blown and that all electrical connections are secure Use a voltmeter to verify that the motor is getting sufficient power Pressure Gauge Check for foreign matter on the gauge fitting Remove any visible matter and replace the fitting Verify that the tube is not pushed too far inside the fitting This could restrict flow and cause an inaccurate display If the fitting and tube are fine and the pressure gauge is still malfunctioning the gauge should be replaced Concentrate Control Valve The concentrate control valve may have a tear in the diaphragm Remove the valve inspect the diaphragm and replace if necessary Motor 17 Reverse Osmosis System Troubleshooting
7. times If the feed water contains a slightly soluble material such as calcium sulfate silica or colloidal clay an anti scalant should be used CAUTION Any restrictions or blockage in the drain can cause backpressure which will increase the system s operating pressure This can result in damage to the system s components Electrical The motors used on Spot Zero 4000 5000 amp 7000 systems are pump and motor combinations They are available in single phase 110 volt or 220 volt at 60 hertz or 220 volt at 50 hertz at an additional charge Please ensure that the electrical circuit supplying the system is compatible with the requirments of the specific Spot Zero model NOTE We recommend that a licensed electrician install your system in accordance with local and national electrical codes WARNING To reduce the risk of electrical shock the incoming power supply must include a protective earth ground Each Spot Zero system is equipped with an 5 foot electrical cord All 110 volt system s are provied with a 3 prong plug for use in a standard North American household outlet receptacle All 220 volt 50 hertz models may require the replacement of the standard plug to fit certain receptacles Pre Filtration Spot Zero systems are supplied with a polypropylene pre filter that filters out most particles over 5 microns a carbon block that removes chlorine and a polypropylene pre filter that filters out most particles ov
8. water is displaced cleaning solution will be present in the concentrate stream that can be recycled to the cleaning solution tank Recycle the cleaning solution for 15 minutes or until there is no visible color change If a color change occurs dispose of the cleaning solution and prepare a new solution as described in step 2 4 Soak Turn the pump off and allow the elements to soak Soak the elements for 1 15 hours soaking overnight will give best results To maintain temperature during an extended soak period use a slow recirculation rate about 10 percent of that shown in Table 2 Soak time will 12 vary depending on the severity of the fouling For lightly fouled systems a soak time of 1 2 hours is sufficient 5 High flow pumping Feed the cleaning solution at the rates shown in Table 2 for 45 minutes The high flow rate flushes out the foulants removed from the membrane surface by the cleaning If the elements are heavily fouled using a flow rate that is 50 percent higher than shown in Table 2 may aid cleaning At higher flow rates excessive pressure drop may be a problem The maximum recommended pressure drops are 15 psi per element or 50 psi per multi element vessel whichever value is more limiting 6 Flush out Prefiltered raw water can be used for flushing out the cleaning solution unless there will be corrosion problems e g stagnant seawater will corrode stainless steel piping To prevent precipitation the minimum flus
9. 150 psi unless otherwise stated The recovery set for your system is between 33 50 If your system is altered at the site of operation or if the feed water conditions change please contact your local dealer or distributor to determine the proper recovery for your application NOTE In order to maintain warranty an operating log must be maintained Copies must be sent to your local dealer or distributor for review NOTE Prior to operating or servicing the Spot Zero commercial reverse osmosis system this User s Manual must be read and fully understood Keep it and other associated information for future reference and for new operators or qualified personnel near the system Safety The Safety section of this User s Manual outlines the various safety headings used throughout this manual s text and are enhanced and defined below NOTE Indicates statements that provide further information and clarification CAUTION Indicates statements that are used to identify conditions or practices that could result in equipment or other property damage WARNING Indicates statements that are used to identify conditions or practices that could result in injury or loss of life FAILURE TO FOLLOW WARNINGS COULD RESULT IN SERIOUS INJURY OR EVEN DEATH Labeling Do not under any circumstance remove any Caution Warning or other descriptive label from the system System Specifications Model Spot Zero 4000 Spot Zero 5000 Spot Zero 7000
10. After the process water is displaced cleaning solution will be present in the concentrate stream that can be recycled to the cleaning solution tank Recycle the cleaning solution for 10 minutes or until there is no visible color change If at anytime during the circulation process there is a change in pH or a color change dispose of the solution and prepare a new solution as described in step 2 A pH of 2 must be maintained for the cleaning to be effective 4 Soak Turn the pump off and allow the elements to soak Soak the elements for 1 15 hours soaking overnight will give best results To maintain temperature during an extended soak period use a slow recirculation rate about 10 percent of that shown in Table 2 Soak time will vary depending on the severity of the scaling For lightly scaled systems a soak time of 1 2 hours is sufficient 5 High flow pumping Feed the cleaning solution at the rates shown in Table 2 for 10 minutes The high flow rate flushes out the foulants removed from the membrane surface by the cleaning If the elements are heavily fouled using a flow rate that is 50 percent higher than shown in Table 2 may aid cleaning At higher flow rates excessive pressure drop may be a problem The maximum recommended pressure drops are 15 psi per element or 50 psi per multi element vessel whichever value is more limiting 6 Flush out Prefiltered raw water can be used for flushing out the cleaning solution unless there will be c
11. E GIVEN ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE EXPRESSLY EXCLUDED Additional Information Never recirculate the cleaning solution for longer than 20 minutes With longer recirculation the carbonate scale can reprecipitate and end up back on the membrane surface making it more difficult to clean Carbonate scale reacts with HCI releasing carbon dioxide gas Depending on the severity of the 15 fouling it may take repeated cleanings to remove all the scale Cleaning severe scale may not be economical and element replacement may be the best choice Citric acid was originally used as a cleaner for cellulose acetate membranes and is not as effective with thin film composite chemistry Further it has a disadvantage of being a nutrient source for systems which have biological fouling lt is however easier to handle than HCI and is included as an the primary cleaner for that reason Flushing the System The system should be flushed weekly to remove sediment from the surface of the membranes To manually flush the system following the preceding steps 1 The system must be running during the flushing procedure 2 Open the concentrate valve until the pressure gauge reads approximately 50 psi 3 5 bar NOTE If pressure will not drop to approximately 50 psi 3 5 bar pressure during flushing the concentrate valve must be cleaned 3 Allow the system to run for 10 to 20 minutes 4 After 10 to 20
12. Off Control Box ccccccssecececeeeeseeeeeeceeeseceeesaeeeeaaessaacecaaeseeaaesdaaeeeaeeeeaaesseaaneeaaees 9 AMO RUS Athan aa ti anion Aa hed ti tag 9 PUMP Bypass Valve oreren thre tia 10 Membrane Removal amp Replacement ec cccceeeeeeeeeeeeneeeeeeeeeaeeeeeeaaeeeeeeaaeeeeeeaaeeeeeeeaaeeeeeeaaeeeeeeaeeeeneas 10 Membrane Cleanings iia aint i ea aha erin ah th Geese edie 11 Flushing the System toi id dare 16 Draining the System for SHIPMent ce ceceeceececeeceeeeeeeeeee cae eeeaaeeeaeeeaeeeceaeseeaaesseneeseaeeetsaesteaaeesenees 16 Troubleshooting seat Ad atte 16 Low System Pressure a 17 Abnormal Permeate Flow aeien a a tan ee i eae adie dais 18 Reverse Osmosis System Troubleshooting ooooicccnnininnnconncccnnnccnnnccnn nan rara cr 18 Operation Lo ici aa ala 19 TEMPerature Quid ia 20 SEIVICOASSISTNCO cuido 21 Warranty 8 Guarantee onccocnnccinncononccccnocnnnncncnann cnn nc n anna 21 A T hated debt E Meda deat EA T E A E eaiieen E E TE T 23 Introduction Your Spot Zero commercial reverse osmosis system is a durable piece of equipment which with proper care will last for many years This User s Manual outlines installation operating maintenance and troubleshooting details vital to the sustained performance of your system The test results which are included with this User s Manual indicate your system s permeate product and rejection test results Your system is designed to operate at a pressure of
13. Reverse Osmosis User s Manual Models Spot Zero 4000 5000 amp 7000 Table of Contents Npa SIE e112 a EVEA ia ad 3 Sale e o o reer reece Reece rere Eee rey 3 Labeling i s ssiit dd tea Saabs this rl 3 System Specificato NS niiina enia eaa aa aaa a a aoa AE aaan 3 Feed Water amp Operation Specifications ooonnnniccicnininnnnnnnnconnnccnnerccnncrn nr rn 4 Rejection Recovery Flow Rates cccceceececeeeeeeeeeneaeeeeeeee eee eaaaaeceeeeeeeseceaeaeeeeeeeeeeseceaaeaeeeeteesenniaees 4 System Requirements 8 Operation Guidelines oooccccnnnnconncccnncconocccnnnornnnncccnncc narran carr annnrnnncn 5 PIUMBING vc Ai tad Wage la de ee ee 5 ElectriCal eonna tin Ate had te ee ed eee ed 5 Pre Filttatlon ss acest AG eee aed eee eee Rs ee es Le ees 6 PU iii A Suen Setar a a aces ee cee GA ee A RO ees 6 MOUNTING 223s sath viii Al arte eld dee a aed Hee en eee 6 Membrane Elements inson aa i al aide ed Aas dead aed evi e Ea a eee 6 Start Up ais ela ate die lee Al ad eI Hee aaa 6 Installation ata She Ge A ee ee ne ei 7 Start UPS need RA A 7 Operation amp Maintenance cccesceesceceeeceeeaeeeenee cence ceaeeeeaaesaaeecsaeeeceaeseaaeesaeeesaaeeseaaesseeeeseaeessaeeseeneessaes 8 EEC 8 Product Permeate Flow Meter amp Waste Concentrate Flow Meter cccccseseeeeseeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeees 8 Waste Recycle ValVO iii da Ei oie Wl Ae a di 8 Low Pressure Switchi siz ciuni a ae Aten he Te Ha ate a Sets 9 Low Pressure Shut
14. a major change in feed water temperature and or TDS GPM GPD 1440 WARNING Never exceed the maximum pressure rating of your membrane or pressure vessel NOTE The Spot Zero 4000 5000 amp 7000 reverse osmosis systems are equipped with a pump discharge throttle valve This valve is used to adjust the system to the desired recovery Feed water enters the system through an automatic shut off valve Ensure that the valve opens when the system turns on allowing water to flow through the system and close when the system turns off stopping the water from flowing through the system This will save water and prevent premature fouling of the reverse osmosis membrane Operation amp Maintenance The reverse osmosis process causes the concentration of impuritites in the concentrate stream to increase The impurities may precipitate come out of the solution when their concentration reaches saturation levels NOTE Precipitation can scale or foul membranes and must be prevented Check your feed water chemistry Pre treat the water and or reduce the system recovery as required If necessary consult with your local dealer or distributor Pre Filter Pressure Gauges These gauges measure the feed water pressure when it enters and exits the pre filter housing A pressure differential of 15 or more on the two pressure readings indicates that the pre filter needs to be replaced For example if the inlet pressure is 40 psi the filter should be chan
15. ater can flow freely and that there is no backpressure Backpressure can cause damage to the membrane CAUTION The plumbing in the permeate line can contaminate the high quality water produced by the system ensure that the components are compatible with the application The pH of the reverse osmosis permeate will normally be 1 2 points lower than the feed water pH A pH of 6 5 or lower can be very aggressive to some plumbing materials such as copper piping Locate the concentrate waste outlet The concentrate outlet is located behind the control panel Locate the concentrate outlet on the drain side of the concentrate control valve Attach the drain line to the concentrate outlet Run the concentrate line to the drain Water must be allowed to run freely without any restrictions or blockage in the drain line Make sure that no backpressure exists on the concentrate line Ensure that the electrical power requirements of the Spot Zero system match your electrical power supply Spot Zero systems are typically controlled with a liquid level switch in a storage tank The liquid level switch turns the system on when the water level in the tank drops and off when the tank is full If your reverse osmosis system is equipped with an electrical control box the level control is connected to the level control connections in the control box Do not exceed the level control s power rating Liquid level switches can be obtained by your local
16. ating parameters i e flow operating pressures pH etc v Detailed description of problem Warranty amp Guarantee The manufacturer of your Spot Zero reverse osmosis system guarantees that the proposed product is to be free from defects in material or workmanship when operated in accordance with written instructions for a period of one year from start up or fifteen months from receipt whichever is shorter Parts that are not manufactured directly by the manufacturer of your reverse osmosis system will be covered by their manufacturer s warranties which are normally for one year The manufacturers membrane elements are guaranteed to operate within specifications when used for general water treatment for a period of 3 months from receipt providing the membrane elements have not been abused by operating at high temperatures high or low pH s on un disinfected water or on solutions which tend to precipitate For applications or water conditions other than those specified in the original purchase order for the reverse osmosis system the User should consult with their local dealer or distributor to access the suitability of the solution to be run in the membrane elements Limitations on pH and temperature can vary with membrane element type and the application of the equipment For special applications or for pH or temperature ranges outside the stated limits the manufacturer may reduce the warranty period at their discretion A membran
17. ations are based on the test conditions listed below Operation Specifications Min Working Pressure 35 psi Max Pressure 200 psi Min NaCl Rejection 96 Max NaCl Rejection 98 Min Feed GPM 1 5 Max Feed GPM 3 Max Hardness 15 Grains Gallon pH Range 3 11 Max TDS 2000 ppm Max Temperature 105 F Test Conditions Permeate flow and salt rejection based on 2000 ppm NaCl 150 psi 77 F 25 C pH 7 and recovery as indicated NOTE Higher TDS and or lower temperatures will reduce the system s production Rejection Recovery amp Flow Rates Spot Zero reverse osmosis systems are designed to produce purified water at the capacities indicated by the suffix in the system s name under the conditions listed above For example the Spot Zero 7000 produces 7000 gallons per day of purified water The amount of total dissolved solids TDS rejected by the membrane is expressed as a percentage For example a 99 rejection rate means that 99 of total dissolved solids do not pass through the membrane To calculate the rejection use the following formula Rejection Feed TDS Product TDS Feed TDS x 100 NOTE All TDS figures must be expressed in the same units usually parts per million ppm or milligrams per liter mg l Spot Zero commercial reverse osmosis systems are designed to reject up to 98 NaCl unless computer projections have been run and provide a different rejection percentage The amount of pu
18. dealer or distributor If a liquid level switch is to be used install it at this time and turn the power to the Spot Zero system on Otherwise turn the system on by plugging in the power cord Allow the system to run for about three to five minutes with the concentrate control valve fully open to purge air from the system The Spot Zero system s permeate or product water should be discarded for the first hour of operation This will flush out any impurities which are in the system Turn the concentrate control valve until the concentrate pressure gauge indicates a pressure of 50 psi Flush the system at 50 psi for 1 hour to remove the impurities from the system Check for leaks All Titan reverse osmosis systems are fully tested prior to shipment but leaks may occur due to shipping 11 Connect the permeate line to the storage tank or point of use application Make sure that no backpressure exists on the permeate line 12 Locate the concentrate control valve and the concentrate pressure gauge 13 Turn the concentrate control valve until the designated permeate flow is acquired For example a Spot Zero 5000 should be adjusted until it produces about 5000 GPD or 3 47 GPM of permeate or product water The concentrate pressure will increase as the concentrate control valve is closed The exact operating pressure may vary depending on the temperature and TDS of your feed water It may be necessary to re adjust the system if there is
19. dness 15 Grains Gallon pH Range 3 11 Max TDS 2000 ppm Max Temperature 105 F Thin Film Composite TFC Membranes Test Conditions Permeate flow and salt rejection based on 2000 ppm NaCl 150 psi 77 F 25 C pH 7 and recovery as indicated NOTE Higher TDS and or lower temperatures will reduce the system s production Start Up Unless otherwise indicated these instructions cover the Spot Zero 4000 5000 7000 reverse osmosis systems Please refer to the flow diagrams and exploded view diagrams found in this User s Manual for additional information Installation The Spot Zero reverse osmosis systems are free standing and require no special installation however if placed on an uneven floor the system may vibrate If this occurs place the system on a rubber mat to reduce the vibrations Carefully inspect your system before start up Check all plumbing and electrical connections Connections may have come loose during shipment A User s Manual Test Results and Filter Housing Wrench will accompany your Titan reverse osmosis system Start Up 1 2 10 Locate the feed water inlet on the pre filter housing Attach a inlet hose to the feed water inlet or permanently plumb the feed water piping or tubing to the inlet Always maintain a smooth and sufficient flow of feed water during operation Locate the permeate outlet Attach the permeate hose to the permeate outlet Make sure that the permeate w
20. e element which fails to perform satisfactorily within the first 90 days after receipt has not been mishandled and is returned to the factory will be replaced free of charge except for freight and local labor If a membrane element fails to perform satisfactorily during the balance of the warranty period and with the return of the membrane element to the factory the manufacturer will replace the membrane element with a new membrane element and will charge the User for the portion of the 12 months that the membrane element was used plus incoming freight and local labor Such pro rated charges will be based on the list price prevailing at the time of warranty consideration A new membrane element supplied under warranty terms will carry the standard 12 month new membrane element warranty If a membrane element is to be returned for warranty inspection the User must obtain a Return Good Authorization RGA number from their dealer or distributor before returning the membrane elements Completely fill out a Return Merchandise Form which will accompany the returned good Membrane elements are to be returned freight prepaid to the manufacturer The manufacturer will return any warranty replacement membrane elements to the customer prepaid Membrane elements must be kept damp at all times and must be clean and bagged in a watertight bag before returning Only the manufactured approved cleaners biocides dispersants or other chemicals may be used with the m
21. embrane elements Use of other chemicals may void the warranty The User is responsible for knowing the membrane element material and for ensuring that chemicals harmful to the membrane element are never in contact with the membrane elements 21 It is the obligation of the User to maintain frequent operating data records The manufacturer may request these records in the warranty evaluation The User must notify their dealer or distributor at the very first sign of changes in operation of the system or membrane elements Such notification should be in writing and should include all data requested on the operating log sheets To obtain a copy of the manufacturer s warranty for their systems and terms and conditions please contact your local dealer and distributor 22 Notes 23
22. ement test Replace O Normal to O Ring Leaks ene Rings Repair Increased Ihcreased Decreased At Random End or Side Colloidal or replace Seal Leaks material test elements Check Flows Reduce the Increased Normal to Low Decreased At Random Recovery Too and Pressure TOCOVOTY yale Calibrate and or add sensors 19 Company Location Week Of System Serial Date of Start Up Date of Last Cleaning Cleaning Formulation BEIG Time Hours of Operation Cartridge Filter Inlet Pressure psi Differential Pressure psi Permeate Pressure psi Feed Pressure psi Concentrate Pressure psi Differential Pressure psi Pump Discharge Pressure psi Permeate Flow GPM Concentrate Flow GPM Feed Flow GPM Recovery Feed Temperature Feed Conductivity mg L Permeate Conductivity mg L Rejection Feed pH Permeate pH Scale Inhibitor Feed ppm Acid Feed ppm Sodium Bisulfite Feed ppm Feed Water Iron mg L Free Chlorine mg L EEE RO 10 0 Turbidity NTU 20 Service Assistance If service assistance is required take the following steps 1 Call your distributor a Prior to making the call have the following information available i Machine installation date ii Serial number found on left hand side of front panel iii Daily Log Sheets iv Current oper
23. ents for any visual problems Listed below are the items to check for any visual problems Listed below are the items 16 to check for two of the most commonly encountered problem conditions Low system pressure and abnormal permeate flow Also refer to the reverse osmosis troubleshooting matrix on the next page Low System Pressure Low system pressure occurs when sufficient feed water pressure and flow are not obtained This causes the high pressure reverse osmosis pump to cavitate Failure to provide the proper feed will result in lower system pressure that may result in low production and poor rejection Check the following components 1 Pump Isolate the pump and determine how much pressure can be achieved This can be determined by checking the pump discharge pressure gauge at this point If the system is not equipped with this gauge disconnect the hose that runs from the pump to the pressure vessel Install a pressure gauge The pressure of the pump must reach at least 190 psi when the flow is restricted Pre Filter Check the differential in the pre filter gauges to determine if the filter needs to be replaced If the system is not equipped with these gauges examine the pre filter cartridge to make sure that it is not clogged and does not restrict feed flow to the pump Replace if necessary Low Feed Water Flow Rate Determine that the system is getting a sufficient volume of feed water Disconnect the feed water hose from
24. er 1 micron before the water is pumped through the reverse osmosis membrane Change the cartridge at least every month or whenever there is a pressure difference of 15 or more between the pressure readings before and after the filter NOTE The system must be operated on filtered water only Do not attempt to clean used filter cartridges CAUTION If the pre filter becomes clogged and the water flow to the pump is reduced or interrupted cavitation will occur This will damage the pump Pump The pumps used on Spot Zero 4000 5000 amp 7000 systems are pump and motor combinations They are multi stage centrifugal pumps Follow these guidelines to ensure proper operation of the pump The pump must NEVER be run dry Operating the pump without sufficient feed water will damage the pump ALWAYS feed the pump with filtered water The pump is susceptible to damage from sediment and debris Mounting The free standing system should be bolted down in compliance to local regulation standards It has a lightweight and portable design for a variety of applications Membrane Elements Spot Zero reverse osmosis systems come preloaded with Thin Film Composite High Flow membranes General membrane element performance characteristics are listed below Membrane Element Characteristics Min Working Pressure 100 psi Max Pressure 400 psi Min NaCl Rejection 96 Max NaCl Rejection 98 Min Feed GPM 1 5 Max Feed GPM 3 Max Har
25. ged when the outlet pressure is 34 psi or below Product Permeate Flow Meter amp Waste Concentrate Flow Meter These flow meters indicate the flow rates of permeate and concentrate water The measurements when added together also indicate the feed water flow rate if the system is not equipped with a waste recycle Waste Recycle Valve This valve allows you to recycle some of the concentrate water back to the feed of the pump This will increase the recovery of the Spot Zero system An optional waste recycle flow meter allows you to measure how much concentrate is recycled The amount of waste water recycled is limited by the TDS of the feed water The drawback of using concentrate recirculate is an increase of total dissolved solids in the permeate water CAUTION Excessive recycling may cause premature fouling or scaling of the membrane elements Low Pressure Switch The low pressure switch shuts off the system when the feed water pressure drops too low for the system to function properly This prevents damage to the pump The system restarts automatically when the pressure is restored lf you notice the pressure fluctuating and the system cycling off and on repeatedly turn the system off and ensure that proper feed flow and pressure are available to the system Low Pressure Shut Off Control Box This feature consists of an electrical control box with a low pressure protection circuit level control connections pre treat locko
26. h out temperature is 20 C The system should be flushed for 1 hour 7 The system should be restarted Elements and the system need to stabilize before taking any data The stabilization period will vary depending on the severity of the fouling To regain optimum performance it may take several cleaning and soak cycles NOTE Recommendations made here are specifically designed for the membrane elements inserted in the Titan reverse osmosis and nanofiltration elements These recommendations such as cleaning procedures and chemicals employed may not be compatible with other brands of membrane elements It is your responsibility to ensure the suitability of these recommendations and procedures if they are applied to membrane elements other than those which come with your system NOTE No freedom from any patent owned by Seller or others is to be inferred Because use conditions and applicable laws may differ from one location to another and may change with time Customer is responsible for determining whether products and the information in this document are appropriate for Customer s use and for ensuring that Customer s workplace and disposal practices are in compliance with applicable laws and other governmental enactments Seller assumes no obligation or liability for the information in this document NO WARRANTIES ARE GIVEN ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE EXPRESSLY EXCLUDED Additional Inf
27. ire 190 psi to produce the same amount of permeate The system in Florida would have a higher concentrate flow to the drain because of the lower operating pressure which would result in poor system recovery Rejection Feed TDS Product TDS Feed TDS x 100 Membrane Removal amp Replacement Changing membranes in pressure vessels is an easy process if you have the proper information and tools at hand Please refer to the following instructions when removing and replacing membrane elements 1 Remove the end caps from the top of the membrane housings This is done by removing the white Nylon snap ring of the Champ housing or unscrewing the bolts of the PuroTech housing which holds on the clamp 2 Remove the membrane bag containing the membrane element from the shipping box 3 Cut the bag open as close as possible to the seal at the end of the bag so the bag may be re used if necessary 4 Remove the membrane element from the bag and remove the black core tube protectors from each end of the membrane 5 Remove parts from the parts container if included and inspect Make sure that all parts are clean and free from dirt Examine the brine seal and permeate tube for nicks or cuts Replace the O rings or brine seal if damaged 6 Flow directions should be observed for installation of each element in each housing As time progresses the efficiency of the membrane will be reduced In general the salt rejection does not change
28. irst Stage Fouling Cleaning Clean with Acid Solution Cleaners Optimize pretreatment for 7 SDI colloid removal oe e a Decreased Increased ell nos Measurement Clean with high of Feed Water pH anionic cleaners Analysis of Increase acid metal ions in addition and cleaning antiscalant Scaling solution by dosage for Predominately CaSO4 checking LSI of CaVO3 and Increased Decreased mereaseg First Stage CaSO3 reject Calculate CaCO4 BaSO4 SiO2 max solubility Reduce of CaSO4 recovery Clean BaSO4 SiO2 in with Acid reject Cleaners Shock dosage of Sodium Bi Sulfate Continuous Bacteria count 589 of Sodium in permeate Bi Sulfate at Normal to Normal to Biological and reject reduced pH Moderate Decreased Moderate Any Stage Fouling Slime in pipes Formaldehyde Increase Increase disinfection and pressure Chlorination vessels and de chlorination Replace cartridge filters Activated s Carbon or other Decreased or Destructive Slightly Decreased Normal Any Stage AS Element pretreatment Increased ouling Testing Clean with high pH cleaner Check Chlorine i hoe of feed feed equipment Increased Increased Decreased Most Severe in Chlorine water ang de First Stage Oxidation D Ida chlorination estructive system element test Improve Abrasion of a pretreatment Increased Increased Decreased Most Severe in membrane by of feed Check all filters First Stage Crystalline E for media Material Pestuelve leakage el
29. ng membrane elements with Inorganics 1 Make up the cleaning solution listed from Table 1 Table 1 Inorganic Cleaning Solution Preferred 2 0 wt Citric Acid PH 2 45 C maximum Alternate Muriatic Acid Notes 1 wt denotes weight percent of active ingredient 2 Cleaning chemical symbols in order used HCI is hydrochloric acid Muriatic Acid Cleaning the Inorganics from Membrane Elements Alternative 1 0 NazS2O4 Alternative 0 5 H3PO4 Form No 609 00301 1202XQRP Notes 1 wt denotes weight percent of active ingredient 2 Cleaning chemical symbols in order used HCI is hydrochloric acid Muriatic Acid 2 Low flow pumping Pump mixed preheated cleaning solution to the vessel at conditions of low flow rate about half of that shown in Table 2 and low pressure to displace the process water Use only enough pressure to compensate for the pressure drop from feed to concentrate The pressure should be low enough that essentially no permeate is produced approx 60 psi A low pressure minimizes redeposition of dirt on the membrane Dump the concentrate as necessary to prevent dilution of the cleaning solution 14 Table 2 Recommended Feed Flow Rate Per Housing During High Flow Rate Re Circulation Element Diameter PSI GPM 2 5 Inches 20 60 3 5 4 Inches 20 60 8 10 Dependent on number of elements in pressure vessel 4 Inch full fit elements should be cleaned at 12 14 gpm 2 7 3 2 m3 hr 3 Re circulate
30. ormation By experience the cleaning solution of Na4EDTA with caustic has been found to be slightly less effective than a standard caustic solution or a solution of caustic and Na DSS For any solution contact time is critical Several overnight soaks may be necessary to restore the system performance After the elements are clean it is very beneficial to clean one additional time in order to clean off the last remaining biofilm layer on the surface of the membrane Any remaining biofilm will tend to attract and trap dirt so an extra cleaning will increase the time between cleanings For industrial systems where the permeate or product water is not used for drinking a non oxidizing biocide can be used prior to step 1 of the cleaning procedure to kill any bacteria or biofilm in the system Please refer to separate instructions on methods for sanitizing membrane systems i e Sanitization with DBNPA Tech Facts If the only choice for a sanitizing agent is an oxidant such as hydrogen peroxide the system must be cleaned before sanitization Inorganic Foulant Cleaning The following cleaning procedures are designed specifically for membranes that have been fouled with organic matter Review the general cleaning instructions for information that is common to all types of cleaning such as suggested equipment pH and temperature limits and recommended flow rates Safety Precautions 13 1 When using any chemical indicated here in subsequent
31. orrosion problems e g stagnant seawater will corrode stainless steel piping To prevent precipitation the minimum flush out temperature is 20 C The system should be flushed for one hour 7 The system should be restarted Elements and the system need to stabilize before taking any data The stabilization period will vary depending on the severity of the fouling To regain optimum performance it may take several cleaning and soak cycles NOTE Recommendations made here are specifically designed for the membrane elements inserted in the Spot Zero reverse osmosis and nanofiltration elements These recommendations such as cleaning procedures and chemicals employed may not be compatible with other brands of membrane elements It is your responsibility to ensure the suitability of these recommendations and procedures if they are applied to membrane elements other than those which come with your system NOTE No freedom from any patent owned by Seller or others is to be inferred Because use conditions and applicable laws may differ from one location to another and may change with time Customer is responsible for determining whether products and the information in this document are appropriate for Customer s use and for ensuring that Customer s workplace and disposal practices are in compliance with applicable laws and other governmental enactments Seller assumes no obligation or liability for the information in this document NO WARRANTIES AR
32. re that you do not pinch or fatigue any O rings while pushing the end plug on Push the end plug on until the outer diameter of the plug is flush with the outer diameter of the membrane housing 7 Insert nylon snap ring until fully seated Snap ring must be able to be spun in place if fully seated If you are using a stainless steel housing Install the clamps halves and tighten bolts until the clamp halves meet 8 Reconnect any fittings that may have been disconnected when the membrane element housings were disassembled 9 To Start Up the system refer to Start Up CAUTION New or factory cleaned membranes are shipped in a preservative solution New or cleaned membranes must be flushed for at least 1 hour to remove the preservative from the membrane Discard all of the permeate and concentrate which is produced during the flush Membrane Cleaning Periodic cleaning of the membrane s can improve system performance In normal operation mineral scale biological matter colloidall particles and organic substances can fould the membranes WARNING Cleaning chemicals are dangerous and can cause injury and damage to the environment Read and comply with all safety and disposal precautions listed on the Materal Safety Data Sheets MSDS s It is the user s responsibility to comply with all applicable federal state and local regulations Organic Foulant Cleaning The following cleaning procedures are designed specifically for membranes that ha
33. rified water recovered for use is expressed as a percentage recovery To calculate recovery use the following formula Recovery Product Water Flow Rate Feed Water Flow Rate x 100 NOTE All Flow Rates must be expressed in the same units usually gallons per minute gpm Spot Zero commercial reverse osmosis systems are designed to have a recovery of 33 75 unless computer projections have been run and provide a different recovery percentage System Requirements amp Operation Guidelines Plumbing The membranes and high pressure pumps used on Titan systems require a continous and non turbulent flow of water to the system with a minimum feed pressure of 35 psi which does not exceed 105 F The tubing or piping used for the inlet of the concentrate is 34 NPT The tubing or piping used for the discharge of the concentrate is 1 NPT and should be run to an open drain in a free and unrestricted manner The tubing or piping used for the permeate is 1 NPT and can be transported to the holding tank or directly to the point of use through a high quality nylon tubing or PVC pipe or other FDA accepted materials Material must not precipitate in the system Be certain that all of the components of the feed water are soluble at the concentrations attained in the system A system operating at 33 recovery concentrates nearly all impuritites 1 5 times A system operating at a 50 recovery concentrates nearly all impurities 2
34. significantly until two or three years after installation when operated on properly pretreated feed water The permeate flow rate will begin to decline slightly after one year of operation but can be extended with diligent flushing and cleaning of the system A high pH and or precipitation of hardness can cause premature loss in rejection of membrane elements in the system To replace the membrane elements 1 Remove all of the membrane element s from the membrane element housings from the top of the housing Heavy duty pliers and channel lock pliers may be necessary to pull the old membrane element out of the membrane element housing 10 2 Install the brine seal side of the membrane elements first When the housings have a direction of flow from bottom to top the brine seal should be located on the end of the membrane element at the bottom of the housing 3 Lubricate the brine seal with a food grade lubricant 4 Ata slight angle insert membrane while slightly rotating element being careful not to tear or flip the brine seal Re lube the brine seal if necessary 5 With a smooth and constant motion push the membrane element into the housing so that the brine seal enters the housing without coming out of the brine seal groove A slow twisting motion should be used to insert the membrane element to ensure that the brine seal stays in place 6 Re install the end caps by gently twisting the end cap while pushing it onto the housing Ensu
35. time auto flush should be installed The auto flush will not operate if the electrical power is removed from the system The auto flush feature includes a timer with an adjustable setting that regulates its operation One setting allows you to set the interval between flushing The timer is preset at the factory to initiate a 5 minute flush every 24 hours This is based on the time the system is in operation In the auto flush mode the water will flush across the membrane in the same direction as the water flows in normal operation this is not a backwash flow NOTE Some permeate will be produced during the auto flush therefore an overflow for the permeate storage tank is recommended Pump Bypass Valve This valve is installed as a standard feature on the Titan 4000 5000 amp 7000 reverse osmosis systems It provides an adjustment for pump pressure which will vary as the required system pressure changes Note that with a centrifugal pump the pump flow decreases as the operating pressure increases Pressure 1 HP 1 5 HP 120 psi 10 5 gom 12 gpm 150 psi 8 gpm 10 5 gpm 180 psi 4 gpm 8 gpm As the feed water temperature decreases and or the feed water TDS increases the system will require a higher operating pressure to produce the specified permeate flow A Titan system installed in Florida may provide the specified permeate flow of 3 47 gpm at 150 psi however the same system installed in Maine much colder feed water may requ
36. ut connections and an on off switch The low pressure shut off switch can be ordered with manual or automatic reset Auto Flush The auto flush option bypasses the concentrate control valve reducing the concentrate pressure and increasing the flow of feed water across the membrane The auto flush removes foulants that may have attached to the surface of the membrane By removing these foulants before they crystalize on the surface of the membrane the system can operate longer without cleaning and or replacing the membrane elements The following are instances in which the auto flush should be utilized 1 When injecting antiscalant chemicals These chemicals keep scaling ions in solution up to a higher concentration so the ions don t precipitate and scale the membrane elements If the solubility concentration is exceeded the ions may precipitate and scale the membrane 2 For feed water with a high scaling potential hard water in addition to the auto flush pre treat the water with an antiscalant or a softener Do not use the automatic fast flush instead of pretreatment 3 Where minimal maintenance is important auto flush can increase the time between membrane cleaning 4 For high TDS total dissolved solids applications where the TDS exceeds 500 ppm consider installing auto flush 5 For high recovery applications use of a recycle valve consider using auto flush 6 For system that may remain inoperative for long periods of
37. ve been fouled with organic matter Review the general cleaning instructions for information that is common to all types of cleaning such as suggested equipment pH and temperature limits and recommended flow rates Safety Precautions 1 When using any chemical indicated here in subsequent sections follow accepted safety practices Consult the chemical manufacturer for detailed information about safety handling and disposal 2 When preparing cleaning solutions ensure that all chemicals are dissolved and well mixed before circulating the solutions through the membrane elements 11 3 Itis recommended the membrane elements be flushed with good quality chlorine free water after cleaning Permeate water is recommended but a de chlorinated potable supply or pre filtered feed water may be used provided that there are no corrosion problems in the piping system Operate initially at reduced flow and pressure to flush the bulk of the cleaning solution from the elements before resuming normal operating pressures and flows Despite this precaution cleaning chemicals will be present on the permeate side following cleaning Therefore permeate must be diverted to drain for at least 10 minutes or until the water is clear when starting up after cleaning 4 During recirculation of cleaning solutions the temperatures must not exceed 50 C at pH 2 10 35 at pH 1 11 and 30 C at pH 1 12 5 For membrane elements greater than six inches in diameter the
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