User Manual Scavenger Transceiver Module STM 400J
Contents
1. 2 3 Physical dimensions PCB dimensions 22x19x 3 1mm Weight 1 9g Unless otherwise specified dimensions are in mm Tolerances PCB outline dimensions 0 2 mm All other tolerances 0 1 mm STM 400 pads on bottom side of PCB 2 4 Environmental conditions Operating temperature 25 C 85 C Storage temperature 40 C 85 C Storage temperature in tape amp reel package 20 C 50 C Humidity 0 93 r h non condensing 2 5 Ordering Information Type Ordering Code Frequency STM 400J S3061 D400 928 35 MHz Suited solar cells for technical details please refer to the ECS3x0 data sheet Type Ordering Code Size ECS 300 S3005 D305 35 0 x 12 8 x 1 1 mm ECS 310 S3005 D310 50 0 x 20 0 x 1 1mm 2014 EnOcean www enocean com STM 400J User Manual V1 2 Page 6 37 USER MANUAL Green Smart Wireless enocean 3 FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION 3 1 Simplified firmware flow chart and block diagram Start Significant Teach In change Retransmission No No No 2014 EnOcean www enocean com STM 400J User Manual V1 2 Page 7 37 USER MANUAL Green Smart Wireless enocean STM 400 RF_50 RF_WHIP LED DI_O DI_1 DI_2 DI_3 AD_O AD_1 AD_2 Mixed I O uController Interface oz oOo zo2. USER MANUAL Green Smart Wireless enocean STM 400 3 8 Configuration 3 8 1 Configuration via pins The encoding input pins have to be left open or connected to GND in correspondence with the following connection schemes These settings are checked at every wake up Wake up cycle time Ccw_o cw_1 Wake up cycle time NC NC 1s 20 GND NC 10 s 20 NC GND 100 s 20 GND GND No cyclic wake up Redundant retransmission Via CP_O and CP_1 an internal counter is set which is decreased at every wake up signal Once the counter reaches zero the redundant retransmission signal is sent Number of wake ups that trigger a redundant retransmission NC NC Every timer wake up signal GND NC Every 7 14 timer wake up signal affected at random NC GND Every 70 140 timer wake up signal affected at random GND GND No redundant retransmission A radio telegram is always transmitted after wake up via WAKE pins After transmission the counter is reset to a random value within the specified in terval 2014 EnOcean www enocean com STM 400J User Manual V1 2 Page 15 37 USER MANUAL Green Smart Wireless enocean STM 400 3 8 2 Configuration via programming interface Via the programming interface the configuration area can be modified This provides a lot more configuration options Values set via programming interface override hardware set tings These se
3. sasaka nnd 25 4 5 1 OVERVIEW a a E Wa aba ak a a E a a Dee 25 4 5 2 Whip ahteha sas aana warsi ion na nn 25 4 5 3 Helical antenna sasae eea aane eaaa an naen anna ena EEE Eta 25 4 5 4 Top loaded PCB spiral antenna sasae eea aaa tnt 26 4 6 Positioning of the Whip antenna eee eee eee eee eee teed 27 4 7 Recommendations for laying a WHIP antenna cece cece eee eee eee nun nun une n eaten ees 29 4 8 Layout recommendations for foot pattern ss 30 4 9 Soldering information ae rau 34 4 10 Tape amp Reel specification sis nun nun nun nun nennen nenne 35 4 11 Transmission range ae een re 36 5 AGENCY CERTIFICATIONS ee armen 37 5 1 Japanese Type Approval snennennennennennennennnnnnnennennenn nun nun nun IEEE 37 2014 EnOcean www enocean com STM 400J User Manual V1 2 Page 3 37 USER MANUAL Green Smart Wireless enocean 1 MODULE VARIANTS AND RELATED DOCUMENTS This document describes the operation of STM 400J modules based on the Dolphin V4 core with their built in firmware If you want to write own firmware or need more detailed information please also refer to Dolphin V4 Core Description Dolphin API Documentation In addition we recommend following our application notes in particular AN102 Antenna Basics Basic Antenna Design Considerations for EnOcean based Products AN207 ECS 300 310 Solar Panel Design Considerations AN208 Energy Sto
4. DATA_BYTEO 3 see below Function Type Manufacturer ID Defined by manufacturer LRN Type 1 REO 2 set to 0 LRN 0 DIO DI2 current status of digital inputs Data_Byte3 Data_Byte2 Data_Bytel Data_ByteO a Function Type Manufacturer LRN Type RE2 RE1 REO LRN DI2 DI1 DIO 6 Bit 7 Bit ID 11 Bit 1Bit 1Bit 1Bit 1Bit 1Bit 1Bit 1Bit 1Bit 3 10 Transmit timing The setup of the transmission timing allows avoiding possible collisions with data packages of other EnOcean transmitters as well as disturbances from the environment With each transmission cycle 3 identical subtelegrams are transmitted within 40 ms Transmission of a subtelegram lasts approximately 1 2 ms The delay time between the three transmission bursts is affected at random If a new wake up occurs before all sub telegrams have been sent the series of transmissions is stopped and a new series of telegrams with new valid measure ment values is transmitted 2014 EnOcean www enocean com STM 400J User Manual V1 2 Page 18 37 USER MANUAL STM 400 3 11 Energy consumption Green Smart Wireless enocean Typical Current Consumption of STM 400 during TX Charge needed for one measurement and transmit cycle 130 uC Charge needed for one measurement cycle without transmit 30 uC current for external sensor circuits not included Calculatio
5. As long as the button is pressed a small current is flowing from UVDD to GND WAKEDO is connected to a toggle switch There is no continuous flow of current in either po sition of the switch If more digital inputs with WAKE functionality are needed in an application WAKEO can be combined with some of the digital inputs as shown below BUTTON1 m GND GND GND 2014 EnOcean www enocean com STM 400J User Manual V1 2 Page 23 37 USER MANUAL Green Smart Wireless enocean 4 4 Using RVDD If RVDD is used in an application circuit a serial ferrite bead shall be used and wire length should be as short as possible lt 3 cm The following ferrite beads have been tested 74279266 0603 74279205 0805 from W rth Elektronik During radio transmission and reception only small currents may be drawn I lt 100 WA Pulsed current drawn from RVDD has to be avoided If pulsed currents are necessary suffi cient blocking has to be provided 2014 EnOcean www enocean com STM 400J User Manual V1 2 Page 24 37 USER MANUAL 4 5 Antenna options for STM 400 4 5 1 Overview Green Smart Wireless enocean Several antenna types have been investigated by EnOcean Please refer to our application notes AN102 and AN105 which give an overview on our recommendations 4 5 2 Whip antenna 928 35 MHz Antenna 64 mm wire connect to RF_WHIP Minimum GND plane 50 mm x 50 mm Minimum distance space 10 mm
6. Green Smart Wireless enocean 06 May 2014 Observe precautions Electrostatic sensitive devices Patent protected WO98 36395 DE 100 25 561 DE 101 50 128 WO 2004 051591 DE 103 01 678 A1 DE 10309334 WO 04 109236 WO 05 096482 WO 02 095707 US 6 747 573 US 7 019 241 EnOcean GmbH Phone 49 89 67 34 689 0 Subject to modifications Kolpingring 18a Fax 49 89 67 34 689 50 STM 400J User Manual 82041 Oberhaching info enocean com May 6 2014 Germany www enocean com Page 1 37 USER MANUAL Green Smart Wireless enocean STM 400 REVISION HISTORY The following major modifications and improvements have been made to the first version of this document No Major Changes 1 0 Initial Release for STM 400 1 1 Added certification information and PCB Antenna description 1 2 Small editorial review Published by EnOcean GmbH Kolpingring 18a 82041 Oberhaching Germany www enocean com info enocean com phone 49 89 6734 6890 EnOcean GmbH All Rights Reserved Important This information describes the type of component and shall not be considered as assured characteris tics No responsibility is assumed for possible omissions or inaccuracies Circuitry and specifications are subject to change without notice For the latest product specifications refer to the EnOcean web site http www enocean com As far as patents or other rights of third parties are concerned liability is only
7. aan 7 3 1 Simplified firmware flow chart and block diagram 8 7 3 2 Hardware pin Out a nen 8 3 3 Pin description and operational characteristics 9 3 3 1 GPIO supply Voltage anne ne 11 3 3 2 Analog and digital inputs sisi 12 3 4 Absolute maximum ratings non operating 13 3 5 Maximum ratings operating sis nun nun nun n nennen nennen nenn 13 3 6 Power management and voltage regulators us srernn nenne nennen nenn nenn nennen 13 3 7 Charge control output CCO nennen EERE EEE n nennen nennen 14 3 8 Configuratio Niesie anie en an nn nee 15 3 8 1 Configuration Via PINS ee a ea nn hen 15 3 8 2 Configuration via programming interface cceceee cece eee nennen nenn nennen 16 3 9 Radio telegram structure ee ne ie 17 3 9 1 Link Layer Data DATA DL sine nun nun nun nun nenne nenn 17 3 9 1 1 Link Layer Data DATA_DL for Normal Operation zsrssssnnnnnnn nun nennen 17 3 9 1 2 Link Layer Data DATA_DL for Teach in Telegrams 18 3 10 Transmit timun gansa aaa ade en nn nn nn nn cute KR ie 18 3 11 Energy consumption ass rindi nari 19 4 APPLICATIONS INFORMATION zesssssennennennennennennnnnnnnnennenn nenn nun nnnnnnnnnn nennen 20 4 1 How to connect an energy harvester and energy storage 20 4 2 Using the SCO Piiira nasak anana ae aaa Jag a a ende 22 4 3 Using the WAKE Pins lenken 22 4 4 USING RAD suarga aaa Sa Kaga aa GENE KN E BNN een 24 4 5 Antenna options for STM 400J
8. L1 12nH L2 12nH 0603 components where used for the antenna matching For the capacitor general purpose COG capacitors with 5 tolerance are sufficient The inductors should be wire wound induc tors from the Wurth WE KI series or the Murata LQW series 4 6 Positioning of the whip antenna Positioning and choice of receiver and transmitter antennas are the most important factors in determining system transmission range For good receiver performance great care must be taken about the space immediately around the antenna since this has a strong influence on screening and detuning the an tenna The antenna should be drawn out as far as possible and must never be cut Off Mainly the far end of the wire should be mounted as far away as possible at least 15 mm from all metal parts ground planes PCB strip lines and fast logic components e g micro processors 2014 EnOcean www enocean com STM 400J User Manual V1 2 Page 27 37 gt USER MANUAL Green Smart Wireless enocean Do not roll up or twist the whip antennal Radio frequency hash from the motherboard desensitizes the receiver Therefore PCB strip lines on the user board should be designed as short as possible A PCB ground plane layer with sufficient ground vias is strongly recommended 2014 EnOcean www enocean com STM 400J User Manual V1 2 Page 28 37 USER MANUAL Green Smart Wireless enocean 4 7 Recommendations for layin
9. STM400 Sensor circuit DVDD GND GND The figure above shows how the SCO pin with default polarity can be used to control an external sensor circuit Do not supply sensors directly from SCO as this output can only provide maximum 15 pA 4 3 Using the WAKE pins The logic input circuits of the WAKEO and WAKE1 pins are supplied by UVDD and therefore also usable in Deep Sleep Mode or Flywheel Sleep Mode via API only Due to current minimization there is no internal pull up or pull down at the WAKE pins When STM 400 is in Deep Sleep Mode or Flywheel Sleep Mode via API only and the logic levels of WAKEO and or WAKE1 is changed STM 400 starts up As the there is no internal pull up or pull down at the WAKE pins it has to be en sured by external circuitry that the WAKE pins are at a defined logic level at any A A When using the UVDD regulator output as source for the logic HIGH of the WAKE pins it is strongly recommended to protect the ultra low power UVDD voltage regulator against accidental excessive loading by connection of an external 1 8 MQ series resistor 2014 EnOcean www enocean com STM 400J User Manual V1 2 Page 22 37 USER MANUAL Green Smart Wireless enocean GND GNOGND GND GND GND The figure above shows two examples how the WAKE inputs may be used When the LRN button is pressed WAKE1 is pulled to GND and a teach in telegram is transmitted
10. we sug gest separating them by using a ground plane between module and these signal lines The RVDD line should be kept as short as possible Please consider recommenda tions in section 4 4 2014 EnOcean www enocean com STM 400J User Manual V1 2 Page 30 37 USER MANUAL Green Smart Wireless enocean STM 400 Top layer 2014 EnOcean www enocean com STM 400J User Manual V1 2 Page 31 37 gt USER MANUAL Green Smart Wireless enocean Solder resist top layer 95 USER MANUAL Green Smart Wireless enocean Solder paste top layer The data above is also available as EAGLE library In order to ensure good solder quality a solder mask thickness of 150 um is recommended In case a 120 um solder mask is used it is recommended to enlarge the solder print The pads on the solder print should then be 0 1 mm larger than the pad dimensions of the module as specified in chapter 0 not relative to the above drawing Nevertheless an application and production specific test regarding the amount of soldering paste should be performed to find optimum parameters 2014 EnOcean www enocean com STM 400J User Manual V1 2 Page 33 37 USER MANUAL Green Smart Wireless enocean 4 9 Soldering information STM 400 has to be soldered according to IPC JEDEC J STD 020C standard Profile Feature Pb Free Assembly Average Ramp
11. GND I 2014 EnOcean www enocean com STM 400J User Manual V1 2 Page 20 37 USER MANUAL Green Smart Wireless enocean STM 400 Charge switcher The charge switcher connects both short term storage and long term storage parallel to the energy source as soon as the STM 400 supply voltage reaches the typical VON threshold of 2 45 V Supposing VDD then falls below VON the energy source will be switched back to short term storage alone for faster recharging As long as the voltage on long term storage remains below VON the charge switcher will continuously switch the energy source be tween short term and long term storage trying to ensure continuous device operation That is because of the higher resistance and capacitance of long term storage which would lead to much too long charging i e non operative time In addition short term storage cannot be charged over this threshold until the voltage on long term storage exceeds VON Charge switcher is the PMOS transistor Q1 driven from the STM 400J charge control output CCO over T1A To start with as long as the STM 400 VDD voltage is below the VON threshold only the small storage C1 is filled over D3 Once the threshold is reached the CCO control signal goes High T1B and Q2 are turned on and the long term storage C2 will be filled over Q2 Overvoltage protection All of these long term storage solutions have a rated operating voltage that must be not exceeded
12. HoHr ur i OO io II 1 1 ae WY aad m nO o 3 3 50 3 oO a 3 2 Hardware pin out GND vDD DVDD VDDLIM GND Antenna FOVDD balun E031001 RSDADIO3 RF_WHIP WSDADIO2 SHU SCLKDIO1 RF_50 sae STMAOO TOP VIEW seseoroo GND 18 PROG_EN The figure above shows the pin out of the STM 400 hardware The pins are named accord ing to the naming of the Dolphin V4 core to simplify usage of the DOLPHIN API The table in section 3 3 shows the translation of hardware pins to a naming that fits the functionality of the built in firmware When writing own firmware based on the DOLPHIN API please refer to the Dolphin V4 Core Description and use this manual only for informa tion regarding the module hardware such as pin out layout recommendations charging circuitry antenna options and approvals 2014 EnOcean www enocean com STM 400J User Manual V1 2 Page 8 37 USER MANUAL Green Smart Wireless enocean STM 400 3 3 Pin description and operational characteristics STM 400J STM 400J STM 400J Function Characteristics Hardware pin Firmware Symbol G Ground connec Must be connected to GND tion Supply voltage 2 1V 5 0V Start up voltage 2 6 V Maximum ripple see 0 31 V_OUT RF supply volt 1 8 V Output current max 10 mA age regulator See 4 4 output Supply for external circuitry avail able while not in deep sleep mode 25 DVDD Digital supply 1 8 V Output current max 5 mA voltage regulator Supply for external
13. ILIM Shunting current 50 mA Threshold Detector VON Turn on threshold 2 3 2 45 2 6 V Automatic shutdown if 1 85 1 94 2 1 V VOFF Turn off threshold WDD chers selon VO 2014 EnOcean www enocean com STM 400J User Manual V1 2 Page 13 37 USER MANUAL Green Smart Wireless enocean Voltage Limiter STM 400 provides a voltage limiter which limits the supply voltage VDD of STM 400 to a value VDDLIM which is slightly below the maximum VDD ratings by shunting of sufficient current Threshold detector STM 400 provides an ultra low power ON OFF threshold detector If VDD gt VON it turns on the ultra low power regulator UVDD the watchdog timer and the WAKE pins cir cuitry If VDD lt VOFF it initiates the automatic shut down of STM 400 3 7 Charge control output CCO After start up STM 400J provides the output signal of the threshold detector at CCO CCO is supplied by UVDD The output value remains stable also when STM 400 is in deep sleep mode Behaviour of CCO At power up TRISTATE until VDD gt VON then HIGH if VDD gt VON then HIGH if VDD lt VON then LOW if VDD lt VOFF then LOW or TRISTATE VDD VDD cco en VDD gt von 7 Sa VDD lt VON N 27 Pi VON nun GN ee ee en VDD lt VOFF VOFF oy cscs TRISTATE PT U A en or LOW For definition of VON and VOFF please refer to 0 2014 EnOcean www enocean com STM 400J User Manual V1 2 Page 14 37
14. Up Rate TSmax tO Tp 3 C second max Preheat Temperature Min TSmin 150 C Temperature Max TSmax Time tSmin tO tSmax 200 C 60 180 seconds Time maintained above Temperature T 217 C Time t 60 150 seconds Peak Classification Temperature Tp 260 C Time within 5 C of actual Peak Temperature tp Ramp Down Rate 20 40 seconds 6 C second max Time 25 C to Peak Temperature 8 minutes max Note 1 All temperatures refer to topside of the package measured on the package body surface A D To Temperature Preheat 25 t 25 C to Peak Time gt IPC 020c 5 1 STM 400 shall be handled according to Moisture Sensitivity Level MSL4 which means a floor time of 72 h STM 400 may be soldered only once since one time is already con sumed at production of the module itself Once the dry pack bag is opened the desired quantity of units should be removed and the bag resealed within two hours If the bag is left open longer than 30 minutes the desiccant should be replaced with dry desiccant If devices have exceeded the specified floor life time of 72 h they may be baked according IPC JEDEC J STD 033B at max 90 C for less than 60 h Devices packaged in moisture proof packaging should be stored in ambient conditions not exceeding temperatures of 40 C or humidity levels of 90 r h STM 400 modules have to be soldered within 6
15. be considered as screening The angle at which the transmitted signal hits the wall is very important The effective wall thickness and with it the signal attenuation varies according to this angle Signals should be transmitted as directly as possible through the wall Wall niches should be avoid ed Other factors restricting transmission range Switch mounted on metal surfaces up to 30 loss of transmission range Hollow lightweight walls filled with insulating wool on metal foil False ceilings with panels of metal or carbon fiber Lead glass or glass with metal coating steel furniture The distance between EnOcean receivers and other transmitting devices such as comput ers audio and video equipment that also emit high frequency signals should be at least 0 5 m A summarized application note to determine the transmission range within buildings is available as download from www enocean com 2014 EnOcean www enocean com STM 400J User Manual V1 2 Page 36 37 USER MANUAL Green Smart Wireless enocean 5 AGENCY CERTIFICATIONS The modules have been tested to fulfil the approval requirements based on the built in firmware When developing customer specific firmware based on the API for this module special care must be taken not to exceed the specified regulatory limits e g the duty cycle limitations 5 1 Japanese Type Approval TCM 410J complies with the Japanese radio law and is certified accordi
16. ended against 10 MQ Input impedance GND 1 kHz x Single ended against 10 pF Input capacitance GND 1 kHz Effective measurement resolution 10 Bit 10 bit measurement Offset error 5 10 LSB Gain error 5 10 LSB INL 2 4 LSB DNL 0 5 1 LSB 8 bit measurement Offset error 1 2 LSB Gain error 1 2 LSB INL 0 5 1 LSB DNL 0 125 0 25 LSB Offset Error Describes the offset between the minimal possible code and code 0x00 Gain Error Describes the offset between maximum possible code and full scale e g Ox3FF for 10 bit measure ments Integral Non Linearity INL Describes the difference between the ideal characteristics and the real character istics Only values between minimum and maximum possible code are considered excluding offset error and gain error Differential Non Linearity DNL Measures the maximum deviation from the ideal step size of 1 LSB least significant bit Effective resolution Results from the signal noise ratio of the ADC and is given in Bit The number describes how many bits can be measured stable The criterion selected here is that the noise of DNL is lt 0 5 LSB Measurement Bandwidth The measurement bandwitdh is internally limited by filters A quasi static signal must be applied as long as the filter needs to settle SettlingTime 1 MeasurementBandwidth In 2 resolution Bit Parameter Conditions Notes Digital Input Mode 2 3 V Input HIGH voltage IOV
17. months after delivery 2014 EnOcean www enocean com STM 400J User Manual V1 2 Page 34 37 USER MANUAL Green Smart Wireless enocean 4 10 Tape amp Reel specification u ce 2 M c v D gt gt 3 U measuring plane for Tape running direction 2014 EnOcean www enocean com STM 400J User Manual V1 2 Page 35 37 USER MANUAL Green Smart Wireless enocean 4 11 Transmission range The main factors that influence the system transmission range are type and location of the antennas of the receiver and the transmitter type of terrain and degree of obstruction of the link path sources of interference affecting the receiver and Dead spots caused by signal reflections from nearby conductive objects Since the expected transmission range strongly depends on this system conditions range tests should categorically be performed before notification of a particular range that will be attainable by a certain application The following figures for expected transmission range may be used as a rough guide only Line of sight connections Typically 30 m range in corridors up to 100 m in halls Plasterboard walls dry wood Typically 30 m range through max 5 walls Line of sight connections Typically 30 m range in corridors up to 100 m in halls Ferroconcrete walls ceilings Typically 10 m range through max 1 ceiling Fire safety walls elevator shafts staircases and supply areas should
18. wake up cy cle Soong Ur Programming I F Encoding input for retransmis sion Green Smart Wireless enocean Input read 2 ms after wake up See also 3 3 2 Input read 2 ms after wake up See also 3 3 2 Max output current 2 mA IOVDD 3 3 V 0 65 mA IOVDD 1 8 V Leave open or connect to GND Leave open or connect to GND Leave open or connect to GND Programming YF S O Encoding input for retransmis sion Leave open or connect to GND Fr IE SES SSS Sees Sensor control Digital output max current 15 JA HIGH x ms before analog inputs are read x 0 508 ms default 2 ms LOW at wake up and after reading of analog inputs Polarity can be inverted delay time can be programmed see 3 8 2 eee control Max output current 15 pA ne 3 7 for description of behaviour WAKEO Wake input T _ Change of logic state leads to wake up and transmission of a telegram See also 4 3 Change of logic state to LOW leads to wake up and transmission of teach in telegram if a manufacturer is programmed See also 0 and RF_WHIP RF output Sea for whip antenna RF_50 RF output 50 Ohm output for external antenna STM 400J User Manual V1 2 Page 10 37 USER MANUAL Green Smart Wireless enocean 3 3 1 GPIO supply voltage For digital communication with other circuitry peripherals the digital 1 0 configured pins of the mixed signal sensor interface ADIOO to ADIO7 and the pins of the progr
19. 4 5 3 Helical antenna 928 35 MHz according to drawing below connect to RF_WHIP Minimum GND plane 35 mm x 30 mm Minimum distance space 10 mm 2 14 2 1 Mindungsbereich al 1 coil area 2 Windungsbereich r 2 coil area co coi Doppe correspon concerns Ansicht A view 1 Windungsbereich 0 5 Windungen aeg u 2 aoe 4 mm 0 5 coils pitch 4 2 area 2 Windungsbereich 6 65 Windungen Steigung 3 1 mm area 6 65 coils pitch 3 1 mm gestreckte L nge 141 7 mm developed length 141 7 mm bema un douple dimensioning 1 entspricht ganze Windung 4 2 2 s to whole coil 4 2 2 2 betrifft Schenkelstel lung bezogen auf Windungsanfang eg position referred to the beginning of coil Windungen d rfen sich nicht ber hren coils must not be in contact Gen Pr fmas a ke EEE Oberfl che verzinnt l tf hig nach DIN IEC 60068 Teil 2 20 Cu PHC 0 85 40 02 surface tinned solderable to DIN IEC 60068 part 2 20 1 ss ANT 300 ALS BETRIEBSCEHEINIS ANVERTRAUT ALLE REIHTE VORBEMILTEN POPRLETHRY DATA COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL ALL RIGHTS FESEVED 2014 EnOcean www enocean com 2 m STM 400J User Manual V1 2 Page 25 37 USER MANUAL Green Smart Wireless enocean STM 400 4 5 4 Top loaded PCB spiral antenna The design of the antenna made on a imm thick two layer FR4 PCB The di
20. 410J USB 400J intemal amp extemal photographs Label sample Product Description Scavenger Transceiver Module Transceiver Module USB Gateway cma r manual Software Release No Quality System documentation Manufacturer Katek GmbH ISO 9001 Certificate for manufacturer Bahnhofstra e 108 83224 Grassau Germany Technical characteristics Type of modulation FSK Emission designator F10 When the product is placed on the rote toner a 928 35 Miiz nese market tmustcary ie R 206 000372 mw run Kamine saisons ge 215 dBi Other information The device is certified for operation with the following antenna s The scope of evaluation relates to the submitted documents only ANT 200 helical antenne 2 15 dBi gain at Whip antenna 64mm 3 89 dBi gain This Certificate confirms that the listed product has demonstrated conformity with the relevant diniers Galina tn in Kae toc ne USB 400 top loaded PCB spiral antenna 1 14 dBi gain 2013 08 09 Klaus Kn rig Recognised Foreign Body DR RASEK GMH ingka A RASE Gran gt Samoi Berg TE 0735 abangan Comman Ta 449914 7227001 Fac 49 9194 7227906 E mail eme certiemcc de Web wwa emcc de Tal aanas TZO Fax 14991947227906 Emak emc cert emec de Web wa amende 2014 EnOcean www enocean com STM 400J User Manual V1 2 Page 37 37
21. After reaching this limit the energy source is automatically separated from stor age to avoid any damage Overvoltage protection is implemented by the S 1000C32 M5T1x voltage detector from Seiko SII or the NCP300LSN30T1G series ON Semiconductor which limits the maximum charging voltage to 3 3 V to avoid damaging long term energy storage In case a different voltage limit is required this device has to be replaced by a suitable voltage variant As soon as the voltage on D2 anode or the voltage detector input exceeds the selected threshold the voltage detector delivers a High level on its output con nected to the T1A emitter The T1A base is consequently lower polarized than its emitter and the transistor is turned off That means Q1 is turned off too the energy source is switched off and long term storage is protected The selected voltage detector must have a very low quiescent current in the operating range and an appropriate threshold voltage corresponding to the selected long term ener gy storage voltage e g threshold nominally 3 2 V for a 3 3 V capacitor If the selected threshold is too low e g 3 0 V a relatively high amount of energy corresponding to a use ful voltage difference of 0 3 V would be wasted If the nominal threshold is too high e g exactly 3 3 V not forgetting that this could reach 3 4 V as a result of additional manufac turer tolerances it could be critical for energy storage life expectation The S 1000C32
22. DD 1 3 V Input LOW voltage IOVDD Pull up resistor IOVDD 1 7 1 9 V 90 132 200 kQ IOVDD 3 0 3 6 V 38 54 85 ko 2014 EnOcean www enocean com STM 400J User Manual V1 2 Page 12 37 USER MANUAL Green Smart Wireless enocean STM 400 3 4 Absolute maximum ratings non operating Symbol Parameter Min Max Units VDD 0 5 555 V VDDLIM Supply voltage at VDD and VDDLIM IOVDD GPIO supply voltage 0 5 3 6 V GND Ground connection 0 0 V VINA Voltage at every analog input pin 0 5 2 V VIND1 Voltage at RESET WAKEO 1 and every digital input 0 5 3 6 V pin except WXIDIO WXODIO VIND2 Voltage at WXIDIO WXODIO input pin 0 5 2 V 3 5 Maximum ratings operating Symbol Parameter Min Max Units VDD VOFF 5 0 V VDDLIM Supply voltage at VDD and VDDLIM IOVDD GPIO supply voltage see also 0 1 7 3 6 V GND Ground connection 0 0 V VINA Voltage at every analog input pin 0 2 0 V VIND1 Voltage at RESET WAKEO 1 and every digital input 0 3 6 V pin except WXIDIO WXODIO VIND2 Voltage at WXIDIO WXODIO input pin 0 2 0 V 3 6 Power management and voltage regulators Symbol Parameter Conditions Notes Min Typ Max Units Voltage Regulators Ripple on VDD where 50 mV heel Min VDD gt VON UVDD Ultra Low Power supply 1 8 V RVDD RF supply 1 7 1 8 1 9 V DVDD Digital supply 1 7 1 8 1 9 V Voltage Limiter VLIM Limitation voltage 4 0 4 5 535 V
23. M5T1x voltage detector consequently looks like the best compromise here rated 3 2 V Undervoltage protection PAS capacitors should not be deep discharged to voltages below 1 5 V To avoid long term degradation of their capacity and lifetime an undervoltage protection block is added Undervoltage protection is also implemented through Q2 In normal operation when VDD reaches the VON threshold the STM 400 charge control CCO goes high T1B rapidly dis charges C3 to GND and Q2 turns on long term storage The C3 charge recovers very slowly over R6 so Q2 cannot turn off long term storage immediately Only if VDD falls below VOFF for a longer time does C3 have time to recover and finally to turn off Q2 and thus the long term storage path over D4 from the STM 400J avoiding deep discharge For more details and alternative circuits please refer to application note AN208 2014 EnOcean www enocean com STM 400J User Manual V1 2 Page 21 37 USER MANUAL Green Smart Wireless enocean 4 2 Using the SCO pin STM 400 provides an output signal at SCO which is suited to control the supply of the sen sor circuitry This helps saving energy as the sensor circuitry is only powered as long as necessary In the default configuration SCO provides a HIGH signal 2 ms delay time be fore the analog inputs are read Via the programming interface see 3 8 2 it is possible to adjust the delay time and also the polarity of the signal SCO id
24. amming interface SCSEDIOO SCLKDIO1 WSDADIO2 RSDADIO3 may be operated from supply voltages different from DVDD Therefore an interface supply voltage pin IOVDD is available which can be connected either to DVDD or to an external supply within the tolerated volt age range of IOVDD Please note that the wristwatch XTAL I Os WXIDIO and WXODIO are always supplied from UVDD If DVDD 0 V e g in any sleep mode or if VDD lt VOFF and IOVDD is supplied there may be unpredictable and varying current from IOVDD caused by internal floating nodes It must be taken care that the current into IOVDD does not exceed 10 mA while DVDD 0 V If DVDD 0 V and IOVDD is not supplied do not apply voltage to any above men tioned pin This may lead to unpredictable malfunction of the device For I O pins configured as analog pins the IOVDD voltage level is not relevant However it is important to connect IOVDD to a supply voltage as specified in 0 IOVDD ASEWMWNNSF gt PPTSPYPLPLD gt Y apn Veo eee 5 YA AmOOY000000 Big SNo akh aka O 89 38 2014 EnOcean www enocean com STM 400J User Manual V1 2 Page 11 37 USER MANUAL Green Smart Wireless enocean STM 400 3 3 2 Analog and digital inputs Parameter Conditions Notes Min Typ Max Units Analog Input Mode Single ended 0 RVDD V Measurement range Internal reference RVDD 2 Input coupling DC Measurement bandwidth 62 5 kHz 5 Single
25. assumed for modules not for the described applications processes and circuits EnOcean does not assume responsibility for use of modules described and limits its liability to the replacement of modules determined to be defective due to workmanship Devices or systems contain ing RF components must meet the essential requirements of the local legal authorities The modules must not be used in any relation with equipment that supports directly or indirectly human health or life or with applications that can result in danger for people animals or real value Components of the modules are considered and should be disposed of as hazardous waste Local government regulations are to be observed Packing Please use the recycling operators known to you 2014 EnOcean www enocean com STM 400J User Manual V1 2 Page 2 37 USER MANUAL Green Smart Wireless enocean STM 400 TABLE OF CONTENT 1 MODULE VARIANTS AND RELATED DOCUMENTS zersenseneenennennennnnn nun nun une n nennen nenn 4 2 GENERAL DESCRIPTION 2 nn 4 2 1 Basic functionality ss en en ea evan NA na 4 2 2 Technical data ken 5 2 3 Physical dimensions ussussnnnnnnnnonnnnnonnennennnnnn nn nn nun nun nun nun nun KEN KD DAKA ANNA nennen 6 2 4 Environmental conditions esisin sinai a nennen nn nn nun nun nun nun nun nun nun nun nun nun AB aaa Na Na 6 2 5 Ordering Information cccceee aa AN aa nn nun nennen une nnn en nun eee eee teed 6 3 FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION
26. circuitry avail output able while not in deep sleep mode 32 UVDD Ultra low power Not for supply of external circuitry supply voltage For use with WAKE pins see section regulator output 4 3 Max 1 pA output current limiter input Maximum shunting current 50 mA 23 IOVDD GPIO supply Must be connected to desired inter voltage face supply voltage as specified in 0 e g to DVDD See also 0 Programming I F Connect external 10 kQ pull down PROG_EN 18 PROG_EN Programming I F HIGH programming mode active LOW operating mode Digital input connect external 10 kQ FIR pull down ADIO1 ADIO2 ADIO3 ADIO4 Analog input Input read 2 ms after wake up Resolution 8 bit default or 6 bit See also 3 3 2 A Analog input Input read 2 ms after wake up Resolution 8 bit See also 3 3 2 Input read 2 ms after wake up See also 3 3 2 Input read 2 ms after wake up See also 3 3 2 D D D ND DD AD_O Analog input Input read 2 ms after wake up Resolution 8 bit default or 10 bit See also 3 3 2 2 10 I1 2014 EnOcean www enocean com STM 400J User Manual V1 2 Page 9 37 USER MANUAL STM 400 ADIO5 ADIO6 m RSDADIO3 WXIDIO WXODIO WAKE1 N D gt N m RF_WHIP RF_50 2014 EnOcean www enocean com Digital input Digital input Transmission indicator LED __ Programming I F Encoding AE oo for wake up cy cle Saas Programming I F pi Encoding input for
27. g a whip antenna Antenna too close to GND area Antenna end led back to foot point Antenna too close to GND area 2014 EnOcean www enocean com STM 400J User Manual V1 2 Page 29 37 USER MANUAL 4 8 A A Green Smart Wireless enocean Layout recommendations for foot pattern The length of lines connected to I Os should not exceed 5 cm It is recommended to have a complete GND layer in the application PCB at least in the area below the module and directly connected components e g mid layer of your application PCB Due to unisolated test points there are live signals accessible on the bottom side of the module Please follow the following advices to prevent interference with your application circuit m We suggest avoiding any copper structure in the area directly underneath the module top layer layout of your application PCB If this is not possible in your design please provide coating on top of your PCB to prevent short circuits to the module All bare metal surfaces including vias have to be covered e g adequate layout of solder resist m Itis mandatory that the area marked by the circle in the figure below is kept clear of any conductive structures in the top layer and 0 3 mm below Otherwise RF performance will be degraded Furthermore any distortive signals e g bus signals or power lines should not be routed underneath the module If such signals are present in your design
28. harvester and energy storage STM 400 is designed for use with an external energy harvester and energy storage In order to support a fast start up and long term operation with no energy supply available usually two different storages are used The small storage fills quickly and allows a fast start up The large storage fills slowly but once it is filled up it provides a large buffer for times where no energy is available e g at night in a solar powered sensor STM 400 provides a digital output CCO see also 3 7 which allows controlling the charging of these two storages At the beginning as long as the voltage is below the VON voltage only the small storage is filled Once the threshold is reached the CCO signal changes and the large storage is filled The short term storage capacitor C1 is usually in the range of 470 to 1000 pF For the long term storage we suggest a capacitor C2 with a capacity of 250mfF Below an overview and the schematics of a charging circuitry is shown Charge switcher Overvoltage Ener re 5 ergy source protection e g solar panel STM 400 Undervoltage protection vooum PA 7 t CCO Short term storage Long term storage C2 This circuit is designed for an energy storage capacitor specified for 3 3 V e g PAS614L VL3 Please pay great attention to manufacturers handling and soldering procedures Solar Panel PMEG2010AEB RESET INPUT 2 ici di 100nF
29. inputs Wake up via Wake pins Voltage limiter Threshold detector storages Product variants m STM 400 Features accessible via API Green Smart Wireless enocean Configurable wake up and transmission cycle Application notes for calculation of energy budgets and management of external energy Using the Dolphin API library it is possible to write custom firmware for the module STM 400 is in system programmable The API provides Receiver functionality Up to 16 configurable I Os 10 bit ADC 8 bit DAC 2 2 Technical data Antenna Frequency Data rate Receiver Sensitivity at 25 C only via API Conducted Output Power 50 Ohm Power Supply Current Consumption Input Channels Radio Regulations Integrated 16 384MHz 8051 CPU with 64 kB FLASH and 4 kB SRAM Various power down and sleep modes down to typ 100nA current consumption External whip or 50 Q antenna mountable 928 35 MHz FSK 125 kbps typ 95 dBm typ 0 dBm 2 1 V 5 V 2 6 V needed for start up Deep Sleep mode typ 100 nA Transmit mode typ 22 mA Receive mode via API only typ 27 mA 4x digital input 2x WAKE input 3x analog input Resolution 3x 8 bit or 1x 10 bit 1x 8 bit 1x 6 bit ARIB STD T108 0 1 telegram error rate based on transmitted sub telegrams 2014 EnOcean www enocean com STM 400J User Manual V1 2 Page 5 37 USER MANUAL Green Smart Wireless enocean
30. mensions are given in figure below The hatched areas are double sided in layout The large area to the left is a ground area Components can be placed here as long as the area is not split by this nor has long cuts in it which can act as radiators its self I 485 Dimensions of the PCB antenna Parameter of PCB VALUE PCB material FR4 2 layer Thickness total 1 27mm Shape Rectangular with millings Dimension 19 48 55 mm Layer Thickness in um Exact description Solder Mask Solder resist Top Layer 35 Cu gt 35um after electroplating Core 1200 Bottom Layer 35 Cu gt 35um after electroplating Solder Mask Solder resist Total 1270 The PCB antenna uses three discrete matching components The position of these compo nents can be seen in figure below 2014 EnOcean www enocean com STM 400J User Manual V1 2 Page 26 37 USER MANUAL Green Smart Wireless enocean Position of matching components The antenna was matched to 500 input impedance at the feed point compromise for a good matching when plugged into a laptop and when plugged to the end of a USB cable was chosen Several environments in the proximity of the antenna where also evaluated for this compromise The following table shows the values of the proposed components Component Value C1 3 3pF
31. ng to ARIB STD T108 When the product is placed on the Japanese market it must carry the Specified Radio Equipment marking as shown below R 206 000372 If the certification label cannot be recognized from outside e g installation in a host ap propriate information must be referenced in the user manual Annex to Certificate Registration No JU000372D Notred Directive 99 S EC Noted Bay ENG Dai 200408 Ban en ma RF CAB under the Japan EC MRA Page 1 of 1 EMCC FCB under the Canada EC MRA er TCS under the USA EC MRA DR RASEK BI EHER we Technical Construction File TCF Details Designated by the German Regulator Bundesnetzagentur to act as a Technical Standards and Specifications Recognised Foreign Conformity Assessment Body in accordance with the Japan EC MRA mere Ordinance Regulating Radio Equipment Radio Regulatory commission No 18 1950 CONSTRUCTION TYPE CONFORMITY CERTIFICATE Chapter General Provisions for Chapter II Transmitting Equipment p T A Chapter ili Receiving Equipment Specified Radio Equipment Chapter IV Aride 49 14 Documentation submitted for the Type Certification San suo Test Report No issue Date Issued by Certificate Holder EnOcean GmbH EMCC 1100100C 2013 07 10 EMCCons DR RASEK Kolpingring 18a GmbH amp Co KG 82041 Oberhaching cm Product documentation Antenna specifications Product Category Article 2 Paragraph 1 Item 8 Block diagram 2 Component layout Product Designation STM 400J TCM
32. ns are performed on the basis of electric charges because of the internal linear voltage regulator of the module Energy consumption varies with voltage of the energy storage while consumption of electric charge is constant From these values the following performance parameters have been calculated Wake cycle Transmit s interval Assumptions Operation Time in darkness h when storage Required reload time h at 200 lux within 24 h for continuous operation storage too small storage too small storage too small storage too small 21 16 8 7 8 3 6 3 24 h operation after 6 h illumination at x lux storage too small storage too small storage too small storage too small storage too small storage too small 260 120 100 Current Illumina in HA tion level required in lux for for con continuous tinuous operation o m Storage PAS614L VL3 with 0 25 F Umax 3 2 V Umin 2 2 V T 25 C Consumption Transmit cycle 100 uC measurement cycle 30 uC Indoor solar cell operating values 3 V and 5 pA 200 lux fluorescent light e g ECS 300 solar cell Current proportional to illumination level not true at very low levels These values are calculated values the accuracy is about 20 2014 EnOcean www enocean com peration STM 400J User Manual V1 2 Page 19 37 USER MANUAL Green Smart Wireless enocean 4 APPLICATIONS INFORMATION 4 1 How to connect an energy
33. rage Design Considerations AN209 STM 300 THERMO OR BATTERY POWERED Power Supply Alternatives to Solar Panel 2 GENERAL DESCRIPTION 2 1 Basic functionality The extremely power saving RF transmitter module STM 400J of EnOcean enables the reali zation of wireless and maintenance free sensors and actuators such as room operating panels motion sensors or valve actuators for heating control Power supply is provided by an external en ergy harvester e g a small solar cell e g EnOcean ECS 3x0 or a thermal harvester An energy storage device can be connected externally to bridge periods with no supply from the energy harvester A voltage limiter avoids damaging of the module when the supply from the energy harvester gets too high The module provides a user configur able cyclic wake up After wake up a radio telegram input data unique 32 bit sensor ID checksum will be transmitted in case of a change of any digital input value compared to the last sending or in case of a significant change of measured analogue values different input sensitivities can be selected In case of no relevant input change a redundant retransmission signal is sent after a user configur able number of wake ups to announce all current values In addition a wake up can be trig gered externally 2014 EnOcean www enocean com STM 400J User Manual V1 2 Page 4 37 USER MANUAL Features with built in firmware 3 A D converter inputs 4 digital
34. s Value of AD_O analog input DATA_BYTE3 DATA_BYTE2 DATA_BYTE1 AD_2 AD_1 AD_O 716 5 4 3 21110 5 4 3 12 1 0 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 O DATA_BYTEO Digital input Status Bit 7 Bit O Reserved set to O DI_3 DI_2 DI_1 DI_O DI_3 Status of digital input 3 DI_2 Status of digital input 2 DI_1 Status of digital input 1 DI_O Status of digital input 0 The voltages measured at the analog inputs can be calculated from these values as follows U Value of AD_x 2 x1 8 V n resolution of channel in bit 2014 EnOcean www enocean com STM 400J User Manual V1 2 Page 17 37 USER MANUAL Green Smart Wireless enocean STM 400 3 9 1 2 Link Layer Data DATA_DL for Teach in Telegrams In case a manufacturer code is programmed into the module the module transmits in stead of transmitting a normal telegram a dedicated teach in telegram if digital input DI_3 0 at wake up or m wake up via WAKE1 pin LRN input With this special teach in telegram it is possible to identify the manufacturer of a device and the function and type of a device There is a list available from the EnOcean Alliance describing the functionalities of the respective products If no manufacturer code is programmed the module does not react to signal changes on WAKE1 LRN input RORG 0xA5 Telegram type 4BS
35. ttings are read after RESET or power on reset only and not at every wake up of the module Parameter Configuration Configuration via pins via programming interface Wake up cycle See section 3 8 1 Value can be set from 1 s to 65534 s Redundant See section 3 8 1 Min Max values for random interval Retransmission cycle If Min Max gt random switched off Threshold values for No The default values are 5 LSB at AD_1 input 6 analog inputs LSB at AD_O and 14 LSB at AD_2 The threshold value can be set between O and full scale for every input individually Resolution of the analog No Default AD_O 8 bit AD_1 8 bit AD_2 8 bit inputs Option AD_O 10 bit AD_1 6 bit AD_2 8 bit Input mask No A digital input mask for ignoring changes on digital input pins At default all input bits are checked Delay time between SCO on No Value can be set from 0 ms to 508 ms in steps and sampling moment of 2 ms Default delay time is 2 ms Source of AD_2 No Select if AD_2 contains measurement value of external ADIO2 pin or from internal VDD 4 Polarity of SCO signal No Polarity can be inversed Edge of wake pin change No Every change of a wake pin triggers a wake up causing a telegram trans For both wake pins it can be configured indi mission vidually if a telegram shall be sent on rising falling or both edges Manufacturer ID and EEP No Information about manufacturer and type of EnOcean Equipment Profile de
36. vice This feature is needed for automatic interoperability of sensors and actuators or bus systems Information how to set these parame ters requires an agreement with EnOcean Unique manufacturer IDs are distributed by the EnOcean Alliance The interface is shown in the figure below Reset PROG_EN USB lt gt SPI ADIO7 i SCSEDIOO interface ADO WSDADIO2 RSDADIO3 Dolphin V4 Suite or EOPX2 EnOcean provides EOPX EnOcean Programmer a command line program and Dolphin Studio Windows application for chip configuration programming and testing and the USB SPI programmer device as part of the EDK 350 developer s kit 2014 EnOcean www enocean com STM 400 User Manual V1 2 Page 16 37 USER MANUAL Green Smart Wireless enocean STM 400 3 9 Radio telegram structure For exact radio telegram structure please refer to the EnOcean Radio Protocol 2 Specifica tion http www enocean com erp2 3 9 1 Link Layer Data DATA_DL 3 9 1 1 Link Layer Data DATA_DL for Normal Operation Telegram content seen at programming interface of STM 400 or at DOLPHIN API RORG 0xA5 Telegram type 4BS Data_Byte1 3 3x8bit mode DATA_BYTE3 Value of AD_2 analog input DATA_BYTE2 Value of AD_1 analog input DATA_BYTE1 Value of AD_O analog input 1x8bit 1x6it 1x10bit mode DATA_BYTE3 Value of AD_2 DATA_BYTE2 Upper 2 bits of AD_O and value of AD_1 DATA_BYTE1 Lower 8 bit
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