NS2 & Networking Using Desktop Virtualization: An
Contents
1. folder click on the add folder button the top button containing an icon of a folder with a green plus sign and select a folder on the host system to be shared with the selected guest To browse for a specific folder click the down arrow in the Folder Path text box and select Other from the drop down menu Once a suitable folder has been selected enter a name for the share in the Folder Name field If the guest operating system is to be denied write access to the folder ensure that the Read only check box 1s selected If the share is to be transient in other words it will not be restored when the virtual machine is restarted leave the Permanent check box unselected before clicking the OK 54 button to create the share After the creation of the folder on host operating system next task is to configure guest operating system to access the content from host operating system Following steps summarizes the configurations for accessing folder from host operating system 1 open a console window on fedora ii change user to root by typing command su and specify password 111 type yum install system config display iv type sudo system config display v this will open a window in your GUI KDE Gnome XFCE ICE whatever choose the options for your display 1f using Yakuake you need to hit F12 to make the console window go away so you can see this new window vi type yum install kernel headers vil restart2. guest and the rest of your network To enable peer to peer communication bridge networking requires on VirtualBox Following are the steps for network configuration on Fedora guest operation 1 Click on network configuration option Figure 6 and popup menu will appear and select edit connection International Association of Computer Science and Information Technology WWW IACSIT ORG International Journal of Computer Theory and Engineering Vol 3 No 1 February 2011 1793 8201 ARE Running Sun irtualBox Machine Devices Help i m Fri Apr30 18 18 Live System User Enable Networking Connection Information Edit Connections About Figure 6 Opening Network Connection Wizard 2 The network connection wizard will be opened Select auto eth0 and click on edit ff Fedora Running Sun VirtualBox Machine Devices Help Fri Apr 30 18 18 Live System User Computer Network Connections Wireless Mobile Broadband VPN DSL Last Used Add Authenticate to edit the selected connection a Network Connections OSs 908 800 Hro Figure 7 Opening Default Ethernet setting for Editing 3 From editing auto eth0 wizard select Ipv4 settings tab From this tab select manual method 56 Fri Apr 30 18 19 Live System User Shared to other computers DNS servers Search domains DHCP client ID Rou
3. the VM to boot with the newest kernel vill goto the Devices menu and select install Guest additions ix back to the console and type media x type media VBoxLinuxAdditions x86 run xi special note if you have already run the VBox Additions from the cd skip steps 7 10 and just type this sudo etc init d vboxadd setup xii Now I do not remember if I had to create the share for My Documents in VirtualBox or if it was there by default but I have one called documents and that is the one I am using in this example so type the following sudo mkdir mnt shared docs xiii type mount t vboxsf documents mnt shared docs xiv You can now access your Windows XP My Documents folder from your Fedora 12 install in the mnt shared docs folder gcc kernel kernel devel 66 mount cdrom IV NS 2 INSTALLATION NS2 is basically a tool to simulate the network applications However configuring NS2 on Linux in Virtual Box environment is not as easy as in normal Linux environment STEP 1 From terminal login as super user and do the following internet must also be connected in order to install the package dependencies yum install autoconf yum install automake yum install gcc c yum install libX11 devel yum install xorg x11 proto devel yum install libXt devel And for nam installation optional yum install libXmu devel STEP 2 From terminal go to the folder where the ns allinone patch is pl
4. International Journal of Computer Theory and Engineering Vol 3 No 1 February 2011 1793 8201 NS2 amp Networking Using Desktop Virtualization An Application of Virtual Box Parth Shah Vishwas Raval Amit Nayak Amit Ganatra Yogesh Kosta Abstract Information Technology has dominated almost all the areas of human life now Education is not exception in this How to utilize the technology for imparting the education effectively and efficiently is more important rather than just using the technology Often users must access applications in operating system OS environments other than the native OS on their personal laptop or desktop system In this paper we discuss how to share folder between host OS and guest OS installation steps required to use ns2 simulator and setting networking properties for peer to peer communication and data transfer between host OS and guest OS Index Terms tLinux Operating System Virtual Box IP Address NS 2 Fedora shared drives I INTRODUCTION TO VIRTUAL BOX Utilizing the technology in effective and efficient way is more important than using the technology for the sake of being an end user Normally when one needs to use more than one operating systems all of those must be installed separately keeping the system multi boot This consumes more resources of system Especially for academicians this problem is faced when operating systems concepts are to be taught either the any flav
5. ORA INSTALLATION In order to install Fedor amp Virtual Box one need enough disk space to hold the virtual disk on hard drive Installation of fedoral 1 KDE on virtual box is nicely describe in 1 53 II CONFIGURING DRIVES AND FOLDERS OF LINUX One of the features that make desktop virtualization packages attractive is the ability to move files from the host to the guest virtual machine without the use of a network Sun xVM VirtualBox has this functionality so let s go through it for use on Windows systems Following text explains Step by step instructions for getting shared folders to work in a Fedora 12 VM on VirtualBox after installing Fedora VirtualBox Shared Folders allow files residing on the host system to be accessed by guest operating systems running in virtual machines In addition assuming adequate permissions are granted on the shared folder the guest is also able to transfer files onto the host by copying them into the shared folder VirtualBox folder sharing is currently only supported for Windows and Linux guests Shared folders are not supported on virtual machines running Windows 3 1 Windows 95 Windows Me or Windows 98 guests 2 Shared folders can be configured such that they are persistent in other words the share is still configured even if the guest is restarted or transient such that they a lost after the virtual machine is shutdown or rebooted Shared folders may also be declared as read only to pre
6. aced and type the following to extract tar xzf ns allinone 2 3 tar gz cd ns allinone 2 29 install International Journal of Computer Theory and Engineering Vol 3 No 1 February 2011 1793 8201 STEP 3 Not attached Now go to etc folder and type In this mode VirtualBox reports to the guest that a gedit bashre network card is present but that there is no connection as if Add the following lines to the end of it Remember replace your path by something like home kazim And accordingly also change the version numbers This is for ns 2al LD LIBRARY PATHOTCL LIB your path ns allinone 2 31 otcl 1 13 NS2_LIB your path ns allinone 2 3 1 lib X11 LIB usr X11R6 lib USR LOCAL LIB usr local lib export LD LIBRARY PATH LD LIBRARY PATH OTCL_L IB NS2_LIB X11 LIB USR LOCAL LIB TCL_ LIBRARYTCL_LIB your path ns allinone 2 31 tcl8 4 14 library USR_LIB usr lib export TCL LIBRARY TCL_LIB USR_LIB PATHXGRAPH your path ns allinone 2 3 1 bin your path ns allinone 2 3 1 tcl8 4 14 unix your path ns allinone 2 31 tk8 4 14 unix NS your path ns allinone 2 3 1 ns 2 31 NAM your path ns allinone 2 3 1 nam 1 13 PATH PATH XGRAPH NS NAM Let it take effect immediately source bashre7 Now the installation has been completed If you try ns Then a will appear on the screen type exit to quit the mode and back to V NETWORK SETUP VirtualBox has eight different networking modes Each of t
7. ate a powerful multiplatform desktop where any x86 operating system including OpenSolaris the Solaris OS Linux Windows and Mac OS can coexist without multi boot system Virtual Box occupies only a small portion of computers resources whereas a dual boot setup allows each OS to take advantage of the computers full resources Virtual Box is easy to install and set up It has very good documentation No programming skills needed just a little systems administration knowledge ACKNOWLEDGMENT We are thankful to The Omnipotent GOD for making us able to do something We express our gratitude to the management of CHARUSAT Shri Charotar MotiSattavis Kelavani Mandal for providing us research opportunities and their wholehearted support for such activities Finally our acknowledgement can not end without thanking to the authors whose research papers helped us in making this research REFERENCES 1 http www kombitz com 2009 06 12 how to install fedora 11 kde on virtualbox 2 2 2 http www virtuatopia com index php VirtualBox Shared Folders 3 OPTIMIZING THE DESKTOP USING SUN XVM VIRTUALBOX Ulrich Moller VirtualBox Software Team Sun BluePrints Online 4 Sun xVM VirtualBox User Manual Sun Microsystems Inc 2008 5 Sun xVM VirtualBox Programming Guide and Reference Sun Microsystems Inc 2008 6 Sun xVM VirtualBox software http www sun com virtualbox 7 xVM _ VirtualBox open source software and c
8. ents can now be easily consolidated on a single physical machine Conceptually similar to server virtualization desktop virtualization allows individual users to access strategic applications on multiple operating systems on a laptop or desktop with similar benefits that extend from consolidating many virtual machines on a single virtualized platform The native OS environment on the desktop is called the host environment while operating system instances within virtual machines are called guest operating systems As an example Figure 1 shows a virtualized desktop with application windows that allow a user to run applications on Windows XP Ubuntu Linux and the OpenSolaris Operating System OS in addition to the native host Mac OS Usability Features 3 of virtual box eNear native performance The software ships with optimizations called guest additions for certain guest operating systems Guest additions are installed inside a specific VM to accelerate performance or otherwise enhance the feature set of a particular guest environment eRich host and guest integration When a VM is configured in seamless mode the software maps guest application windows directly on the host desktop allowing guest and host windows to appear side by side This gives the impression that a guest application window is running natively Just as with native OS windows the user can dynamically resize guest application windows as needed or alte
9. he eight networking adapters can be separately configured to operate in one of the following five modes Vsunirtvaor File Machine Help p aT a dx E General i System Display Storage New 5 Network Adapter 1 Adapter 2 Adapter 3 Adapter 4 IV Enable Network Adapter Attached to fnar Name Advanced Controls how this virtual adapter is attached to the real network of the Host 05 Cancel Help Figure 5 Setting Network Adapter for Guest Operating System 2 Note the step described above is important otherwise you cannot run ns successfully or you can restart your X windows i e logout and then login or reboot your system to make it work 55 no Ethernet cable was plugged into the card This way it is possible to pull the virtual Ethernet cable and disrupt the connection which can be useful to inform a guest operating system that no network connection is available and enforce a reconfiguration Network Address Translation NAT If all you want is to browse the Web download files and view e mail inside the guest then this default mode should be sufficient for you and you can safely skip the rest of this section Please note that the ping utility does not work over NAT and that there are certain limitations when using Windows file sharing Bridged networking This is for more advanced networking needs such as network simulations and ru
10. ith removable media eSupport for Advanced Configuration and Power Interface ACPI reporting This functionality allows an ACPI aware guest OS to obtain host configuration specifics which helps the guest configure virtual hardware capabilities ACPI simplifies the task of cloning PC images from real machines or from third party virtual machines into VirtualBox software An ACPI aware guest can also obtain host power status such as a low battery condition on a laptop eVirtualized display support VirtualBox supports all VESA standard resolutions and color depths VMs can also be configured to support screen resolutions many times that of a typical physical display This allows VMs to be spread over a large number of physical screens on a host system eSecure VM instances Because VirtualBox prevents data leakage VM instances are isolated and cannot impact applications running on the host OS or within other VMs This allows companies to extend access to non native applications while protecting core business functions Grab File Edit Capture Window Help Fa Gd Thu 1530 FatBloke Q Lae JORT 3 wose A Ao ma tet KEA TIN TEE mm as rane ae er gt S y Figure 1 Sun Virtual Box running more than one Operating Systems The installation of Virtual Box is as easy as installation of normal software The following text explains how Linux can be used in Virtual Box environment II THE VIRTUAL BOX AND FED
11. nal Association of Computer Science and Information Technology WWW IACSIT ORG International Journal of Computer Theory and Engineering Vol 3 No 1 February 2011 1793 8201 with the selected guest To browse for a specific folder click the down arrow in the Folder Path text box and select other from the drop down menu Once a suitable folder has been selected enter a name for the share in the Folder Name field If the guest operating system is to be denied write access to the folder ensure that the Read only check box is selected before clicking the OK button to create the share g Add Share Folder Path C TempFiles Folder Name TempFiles E Read only m Cancel Figure 3 Defining Shared Folder Name for Guest Operating System Once the shared folder has been configured start the virtual machine to access the folder The mechanism for accessing the folder from within the guest will depend on the type of guest operating system running in the virtual machine details of which are covered later in this chapter B Creating Shared Folders for a Running Virtual Machine Shared folders may be configured on a running virtual machine by selecting the Devices gt Shared Folders Menu of the virtual machine window Once selected this will display the Shared Folders dialog as illustrated below id Shared Folders Transient Folders mmj Cancel Help Figure 4 Types of Shared Folders To add a new shared
12. nning servers in a guest When enabled VirtualBox sets up an additional software based network interface on the host to which the virtual machine is connected Internal networking This can be used to create a different kind of software based network which is visible to selected virtual machines but not to applications running on the host or to the outside world Host only networking This can be used to create a network containing the host and a set of virtual machines without the need for the host s physical network interface Instead a virtual network interface similar to a loopback interface is created on the host providing connectivity among virtual machines and the host For the laboratory work which requires peer to peer communication in education Bridged Networking mode can be used With bridged networking VirtualBox uses a device driver on your host system that filters data from your physical network adapter This driver is therefore called a net filter driver This allows VirtualBox to intercept data from the physical network and inject data into it effectively creating a new network interface in software When a guest is using such a new software interface it looks to the host system as though the guest were physically connected to the interface using a network cable the host can send data to the guest through that interface and receive data from it This means that you can set up routing or bridging between the
13. ommunity http virtualbox org 57 Q IACSIT International Association of Computer Science and Information Technology WWW IACSIT ORG
14. or of Linux must be installed on all PCs or via TelNet it can be used from remote terminal where the system has already been installed Now Sun Microsystems has developed software called Virtual Box which can be used for the same purpose We will see in details about Virtual Box and its utilization in coming texts The concept of virtualization is familiar to most businesses as a means of consolidating workloads and reducing costs Server virtualization is recognized as a cost effective way to condense enterprise application services on a single server which can help to increase server utilization improve manageability reduce power use and conserve datacenter footprint Since virtualization technology has evolved in recent years to allow workloads to be securely partitioned on I Head CE Faculty parthshah ce ecchanga ac in II Assistant Professor CE IT Faculty of Engineering amp Technology vishwas raval gmail com III Assistant Professor CE IT Faculty of Engineering amp Technology amitnayak it ecchanga ac in IV Associate Professor CE IT Faculty of Engineering amp Technology amitganu yahoo com V Dean Faculty of Engineering amp Technology ypkosta yahoo com IEEE Member SCPM Stanford University Charotar University of Science Technology CHARUSAT Education Campus Changa 388421 Anand Gujarat INDIA of Engineering amp Technology 52 a single server multiple application tiers or many OS environm
15. rnatively run the guest VM in full screen mode eShared folders and shared clipboard Applications running on host and guest operating systems can transparently share files and clipboard data When a folder is configured as a shared folder it becomes available to the guest environment as a network share Optionally the clipboard of a guest OS can be shared with the host OS e Time synchronization Since the native OS manages the host system s clock some virtualized desktops do not adequately address time synchronization between host and guest OS environments With VirtualBox the guest operating environment is synchronized automatically with the native OS allowing the user to see accurate time reporting ePowerful virtualized networking Up to four virtual Gigabit based network interfaces are supported in each VM and are then accessible from other machines on the physical network When a VM is configured the user individually selects what kind of hardware is presented International Journal of Computer Theory and Engineering Vol 3 No 1 February 2011 1793 8201 to the virtual machine Virtual network interfaces also support remote booting via PXE protocol eRobust virtualized hard disk controller support VirtualBox implements virtualized instances of two of the most common hard disk controller types IDE and SATA Up to 32 SATA devices are supported in a guest OS enabling access to a variety of device types including devices w
16. tes W Available to all users Apply GOP PGI OUrara Figure 8 Editing Ethernet Connection as IPv4 Manual Open network adapter submenu from device main menu and click on attached to combo box This will open list of available networking type in virtual box By selecting bridge adapter user can now ping any machine from the current network feist sown ay Machine Devices Help 9 Applications Places System W 0 Thu Jun 24 11 28 AM parth ip Browse and run installed applications ann parth localhost COMpUtE r File Edit View Terminal Help E Network Adapters f par Ader adacer2 adentera adater4 parth s Home fsa M Enable Network Adapter Attached to ridged Adapter 7 h Name ae ibit Network Connection Advanced SMMMARE SE 7 Internal Network Adapter Type Host only Adapter Bridged Adapter s Mac Adeess Oe002710C05 g F Cable connected 3 packets transmitted 3 recelved 0 packet loss time 2072ms rtt min avg max mdev 0 549 1 295 2 777 1 048 ms parth localhost 172 16 0 134 bash 172 16 0 134 No such file or directory parth localhost 1 9080000 Hrwa Figure 9 Changing Network Adapter Setting for Specific Ethernet International Journal of Computer Theory and Engineering Vol 3 No 1 February 2011 1793 8201 VI CONCLUSION Use of VirtualBox offers extensive flexibility to meet various desktop virtualization needs for a spectrum of users It helps to cre
17. vent the guest operating system from writing to the host folder The creation of a shared folder involves selecting the folder on the host system which is be to shared assigning a share name and choosing whether the folder is to be read only and transient or permanent A Creating Shared Folders on a Powered Off Virtual Machine VirtualBox Shared Folders on inactive virtual machines are configured through the Settings dialog This dialog is accessed by selecting the desired virtual machine from the list and clicking the Settings button in the toolbar Once the settings dialog is visible click on the Shared Folders entry in the right hand pane to display the following screen amp Winvistaed Settings x E General B Hard Disks CD DVD ROM Name E Floppy Audio EP Network he Serial Ports M GP USB mi Shared Folders M B Remote Display Shared Folders pem FF Path Machine Folders Lists all shared folders accessible to this machine Use net use x vboxsvr share to access a shared folder named share from a DOS ike OS or mount t vboxsf share mount_point to access it from a Linux OS This feature requires Guest Additions a Ga Gl Figure 2 Setting Dialog Box To add a new shared folder click on the add folder button the top button containing an icon of a folder with a green plus sign and select a folder on the host system to be shared Internatio
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