RNEQ User Guide 3
Contents
1. 4dB gt 60kHz 3dB THD Noise source 200R load Ok measured 20dBu OdB gain 20Hz 0 0196 20kHz 0 0196 66dB gain 20Hz 0 03 20kHz 0 06 Noise source 200R 22Hz to 22kHz RMS EIN 66dB gain 28dBu Output Noise OdB gain O5dBu 22 Equaliser Line Amplifier Frequency Response source 200R load Ok gains Unity All EQ bands and 20Hz to 20kHz filters bypassed 0 2dB All EQ bands only in 20Hz to 20kHz 0 15dB to 0 6dB All EQ bands and 20Hz to 20kHz 3dB to 0 6dB filters in 20Hz filter THD Noise source 200R load 10k measured 20dBu All EQ bands and 20Hz 0 0196 filters bypassed 20kHz 0 0196 All EQ bands and 20Hz 0 0196 filters in 20kHz 0 0196 Output Noise source 200R 22Hz to 22kHz RMS All bypassed O4dBu All in 90dBu 24 Crosstalk Mic amplifier to Equaliser Input signal to mic amp 20dB gain set to OdB Line input selected with source termination 200R Measured at EQ output All EQ bands and filters 20Hz 22dB bypassed gain unity kHz 89dB 20kHz 65dB Equaliser to Mic Amp Input signal to Line amp 20dB gain set to OdB Mic input source termination 200R Line input selected Measured at Mic Amp output All EQ bands and filters 20Hz 19dB bypassed gain unity kHz 10648 20kHz 82dB Audio Connectors Inputs 3 pin Female XLR Pin Screen Pin 2 Hot Pin 3 Cold Outputs 3 pin Mal2. Q JeulJojsueJ peieq pip 2g ve ve rr ve IL iT IL lr 981 441 SdL 8dL 7 y AW JWH 11 O3 SPIN ul JH 8 31 T yx 159 uh EH Il Il tdl Ed J9 9 pue aseyg rr JE EF TT 293114 293114 9SJ9A9M joquiks ve ssed sse4 MOT at i7 eseug TdL E m uy s493J4 indy yt 991 Block Diagram eur gp 9 T1 D DIN 8P9 Lr 1r E 3nd3no 3nduJ 8P99 0 UID 2IN Te EE Operational Guide Mic Input The high quality Mic amplifier uses the TLA transformer like amplifier concept and is capable of output levels greater than 25dBu The gain range is from OdB to 66dB in 6dB steps using a rotary switch This wide dynamic range allows the Mic amp to easily accept low levels from sensitive microphones and high levels from close miking techniques without the use of passive pad networks System 9098 EQ by Rupert Neve the designer Phantom Power A phantom power 48V DC switch is provided for use with condenser Fine Trim type microphones When selected phantom power appears only on the Mic input XLR connector The fine trim control provides a continuously variable 6dB adjustment around the current setting effectively extending the overall range to a possible 72dB o In puts Line Input When switched to Line operation the ste
3. carried out by AMEK or it s authorised agents AMEK cannot accept any liability whatsoever for any loss or damage caused by service maintenance or repair by unauthorised personnel Part No MANRNEQ Issue 3 Harman International Industries Ltd Langley House Third Avenue Trafford Park Manchester MI7 IFG United Kingdom AN Tel 4 44 0 161 868 2400 AM EK Fax 44 0 161 873 8010 E mail amek amek com Web www amek com Contents Unpacking 4 Safety Safety symbols 5 Earthing 6 15V 230V operation Changing the fuse Ventilation Maintenance Mains Cable Installation Location 11 Rack mounting Power up and clicks Cleaning Audio Connections 12 Overview by Rupert Neve 13 Block Diagram 16 Operational Guide Inputs 17 Phase switch Filters 18 All EQ in Low frequency 19 Low mid frequency 20 High mid frequency 21 Mids in High frequency 22 HF amp LF in Overload Specifications 23 Warranty 26 Unpacking Check List The following items are included with the product It is recommended that packaging materials are retained until all expected items are accounted for and found to be operating correctly Carton Packet containing 4 off M6 mounting screws 4 off plastic washers off fuse for 15 operation Quality bal Equaliser Moulded Certificate IEC mains lead User Protective foam Guide materials Safety Caution For your own safety and to avoid i
4. 4 0 161 8 technical earth point Overview The SYSTEM 9098 EQ uses the same basic circuit configurations that have been successful over many years New amplifying devices and better quality components result in lower noise lower distortion and the ability to handle higher frequencies Al my original equalisers were based on Class A circuits which used the linear portion of the amplifier characteristic resulting in small amounts of second and third harmonic distortion which do not cause harsh sounds Unfortunately Class amplifiers are inefficient run at high current and produce heat Class B or Class AB circuits consist of symmetrical amplifier pairs so arranged as to cancel out much of the inherent non linearity producing higher output with less heat Their efficiency makes them very desirable for use where many amplifiers must be housed within a small volume Most of the well known Integrated circuits fall into one of these categories The two amplifier curves of the symmetrical Class B amplifier do not fit exactly together resulting in a kink or discontinuity This produces a spike and high order distortion of an audio signal i e harmonics above the second and third Negative feedback is often not very effective in reducing this type of distortion which is particularly unpleasant to the ear The reason for this lies in the fact that many of the harmonics introduced by the crossover spike or switching click are not
5. Amek or the Dealer within 4 days of the defect appearing and No persons other than the authorised representatives of Amek or the Dealer have effected any replacement of parts maintenance adjustments or repairs to the Equipment and d The End User has used the Equipment only for such purposes as Amek recommends with only such operating supplies as meet Amek s specifications and otherwise in all respects in accordance with Amek s recommendations 5 Defects arising as a result of the following are not covered by this Warranty Faulty or negligent handling chemical or electro chemical or electrical influences accidental damage Acts of God neglect deficiency in electrical power air conditioning or humidity control 6 The benefit of this Warranty may not be assigned by the End User 7 End Users who are consumers should note their rights under this Warranty are in addition to and do not affect any other rights to which they may be entitled against the seller of the Equipment 26 4 Note 2 _ LL 26 UK Head Office Harman International Industries Ltd Langley House Third Avenue Trafford Park Manchester M17 1FG United Kingdom Tel 44 0 161 868 2400 Fax 44 0 161 873 8010 E mail amek amek com Web www amek com USA Los Angeles 2740 W Magnolia Blvd 102 Burbank CA91505 Tel 1 818 973 1618 Fax 1 818 973 1622 USA Head Office 1449 Donelson Pike Airpark Business Cent
6. System 9098 Equaliser by Rupert Neve the designer Friis User Guide System 9098 Equaliser by Rupert Neve the designer User Guide Serial No A IMPORTANT For convenience write your serial number in the box above and keep this guide in a safe place The number can be found on the rear of the product and also on the Authentification Certificate This number MUST be quoted in all communications in order to obtain technical support and spare parts from either the factory or your dealer Harman International Industries Ltd 1997 All rights reserved Parts of the design of this product may be protected by worldwide patents AMEK is a trading division of Harman International Industries Ltd Information contained in this manual is subject to change without notice and does not represent a commitment on the part of the vendor AMEK shall not be liable for any loss or damage whatsoever arising from the use of information or any error contained in this manual or through any mis operation or fault in hardware or software contained in the product No part of this manual may be reproduced stored in a retrieval system transmitted in any form or by any means electronic electrical mechanical optical chemical including photocopying and recording for any purpose whatsoever without the express written permission of AMEK It is recommended that all maintenance and service on the product should be
7. ded for your safety When the provided plug does not fit into your outlet consult an electrician for replacement of the obsolete outlet 115V 230V Operation Before adjusting the operating voltage always switch off the unit and remove the AC power cable To adjust the operating voltage use a flat blade screwdriver to click the voltage selector across to the required position until the legend 15 or 230V appears in the window and fit the appropriate fuse supplied in the fixings pack Changing the Fuse Before changing the fuse always switch off the unit and remove the AC power cable Using a suitable flat blade screwdriver press the fuse cap inwards gently and twist anti clockwise to release the cap Fit the new fuse to the cap and replace it in the fuseholder by reversing the procedure Caution For continued protection against risk of fire replace only with same type fuse 200mA T 230V or 400mA T 1 15V Fuse types are 20mm anti surge Ventilation When mounting the apparatus take care not to obscure the ventilation slots in the upper and lower surfaces of the case Maintenance There are no user serviceable parts inside Refer all servicing to qualified and approved service personnel Servicing is required when the apparatus has been damaged in any way such as power supply cord or plug is damaged liquid has been spilled or objects have fallen into the apparatus the apparatus has been exposed
8. e XLR Pin Screen Pin 2 Hot Pin 3 Cold General Size I9 lUracuni 482x445mm Depth including connectors 3 Omm Weight 3 9kg Power consumption 5VA typical 25 Warranty Amek is a trading division of Harman International Industries Ltd End User means the person who first puts the equipment into regular operation Dealer means the person other than Amek if any from whom the End User purchased the equipment provided such a person is authorised for this purpose by Amek or it s accredited Distributor Equipment means the equipment supplied with this manual 2 If within the period of twelve months from the date of delivery of the Equipment to the End User it shall prove defective by reason only of faulty materials and or workmanship to such an extent that the effectiveness and or usability thereof is materially affected the Equipment or the defective component should be returned to the Dealer or to Amek and subject to the following conditions the Dealer or Amek will repair or replace the defective components Any components replaced will become the property of Amek 3 Any Equipment or component returned will be at the risk of the End User whilst in transit both to and from the Dealer or Amek and postage shipping must be prepaid 4 This warranty shall only be available if a The Equipment has been properly installed in accordance with instructions contained in Amek s manual and b The End User has notified
9. e controls If the facia becomes dirty use a damp cloth with a little household soap to remove the dirt DO NOT use solvent cleaners under any circumstances or the facia may be permanently damaged and warranty invalidated 17 Audio Connections ce e Inputs NT The Mic and Line inputs are electronically balanced via standard 3 pin XLR female connectors and use Ruperts TLA transformer like amplifier principle which emulates the useful operating characteristics of a transformer For best performance balanced operation is recommended 13 8010 Outputs The Mic amp and EQ outputs are both balanced via standard 3 pin XLR male connectors The Mic amp is electronically balanced whilst the main EQ output uses a transformer Insert Point To create the effect of an insertion point between the Mic amp stage and the main EO select LINE which routes the Line amp directly to the EQ The dedicated Mic amp output can now be used as an insert send with the return signal fed into the Line amp Earth Link The CHASSIS GROUND post is internally connected to both the case and the safety earth If the link is removed for technical reasons such as Ain oer un qu d feu re pasear pare earth loops then the ANALOGUE GROUND l humidit Cet Suet DOIT etre branche a la terre Ne ECL AL post must be wired separately to the installation Trafford Park Manchester M17 1FG UK Tel 4
10. ilter creating a narrow attenuation band with minimal effect on the rest of the sound The level control only operates over the cut part of it s range giving variable depth with an increased range indicated by the secondary blue scale The frequency control defines the centre point with the O control adjusting the notch width To notch out a troublesome frequency set a low Q wide curve with a small amount of level cut and adjust the frequency control until some attenuation is heard Once the notch is tuned to the desired frequency the level and Q controls can be used to shape the notch curve to achieve the required effect 20 _ Operational Guide HR MM a pe High Mid Frequency The HMF band operates over a frequency range of 500Hz to 4 5kHz with a variable cut boost range of 18dB For finer control of complex programme material this range can be reduced to 9dB using the related switch High mid frequency Q Control The Q control operates in an identical manner to the LMF section Mids In Both LMF and sections are switched in and out of circuit together The master EQ In switch Notch must be operated at the same time for anything to happen The Notch mode operates in an identical manner to the LMF section NT 21 Operational Guide ee ee n E High Frequency The HF band operates over a frequency range of 2kHz to 21kHz with a variable cut boost range of 8dB For finer co
11. n be imparted to the kick drum for example and many famous recordings bear testimony to it s effectiveness At the other extreme it is also possible to provide the most subtle warming of the signal without otherwise affecting its naturalness The circuitry has very low basic phase shift imparting a very solid quality to the sound and this make a relatively small amount of equalisation very effective My traditional equaliser curves are steep sided providing very powerful tools GLOW changes the curve shape to provide greater or less warmth altering the overall sound without changing its character The HF SHELF function raises or lowers the whole range of frequencies above the turnover frequency and can subtly alter the tonal balance without altering the relationship of the higher harmonics If the PEAK function is selected the fairly steep slopes of the equalisation curve can alter the nature of an instrument by changing the relationship of harmonics to the fundamental The overlapping mid range sections of the SYSTEM 9098 are very powerful and much more flexible than previously enabling the frequencies specific to a musical instrument to be raised or lowered On the other hand a broad bandwidth may be selected to adjust the tonal balance SHEEN changes the curve shape to provide an alternative balance which can alter the overall sound without changing its nature whilst providing that old fashioned character 15
12. n cas d orage l ctrique ou si l appareil n est pas utilis pendant une longue periode Avertissement Ne pas essayer de faire fonctionner l appareil si le couvercle t enlev Pr caution Cet appareil fonctionnera de lui m me sans suppl ment de ventilation mais ne doit en aucun cas tre recouvert afin ne pas bloquer les fentes de ventilation inf rieures et sup rieures Terre Cet appareil DOIT tre branch la terre Ne pas d sactiver le syst me de s curit de la prise polaris e ou la prise de terre La prise polaris e 2 contacts dont un plus large que l autre La prise de terre 2 contacts et un troisi me pour la terre Le contact large et le troisi me contact sont fournis pour votre s curit Si la prise fournie ne convient pas votre prise de courant consulter un lectricien afin de changer la prise de courant p rim e 115V 230V Fonctionnement Avant le r glage du voltage toujours teindre et d brancher l appareil Pour le r glage du voltage utiliser un tourne vis t te plate afin de d clancher le voltage sur la position choisie jusqu ce que 15 ou 230V apparaisse dans la fen tre et mettre le fusible appropri qui se trouve dans le kit fourni Changer le Fusible Avant de changer le fusible teindre l appareil et enlever la prise d alimentation Utiliser un tourne vis t te plate appuyer sur le capuchon du fusible doucement vers l interieur et tourner dans le sens con
13. ntrol of complex programme material this range can be reduced to 9dB using the related switch Bell Shelf Bell mode operates in an identical manner to the LF band except that a Q factor of approximately 0 45 is used Shelf mode operates in a similar manner to the LF band with the curve remaining flat after the centre frequency up to the highest frequency limit which in this case is in excess of O0kHz Shelf mode raises or lowers the whole range of frequencies above the turnover point subtly altering the tonal balance without affecting the higher harmonics HF amp LF In Both LF and HF sections are switched in and out of circuit together The master EO In switch must be operated at the same time for anything to happen 22 LA Shen Gents O High frequency Sheen Normally the EQ provides steep sided curves allowing powerful tonal changes The Sheen switch subtly alters the response curve shape to give greater or less warmth altering the overall sound without changing it s character Overload The overload LED is factory preset to illuminate at 24dBu about 2dB before clipping occurs Note that high O settings with a lot of boost can cause overload to occur whilst the final output level is not that high Mic Amplifier Frequency Response source 200R load Ok OdB gain lt 10 2 3 dB 20Hz 0 2dB 20kHz 0 1dB gt 10 2 3dB 66dB gain OHz 3dB 20Hz 2dB 20kHz 0
14. nvalidation of warranty all text gt Pb marked with these Warning Symbols should be read carefully Please keep this information Important information Hazard or unsafe Cautionary Read this before practice which can Advice proceeding result in severe personal injury or death Important Please read this manual carefully before connecting this apparatus to the mains for the first time Obey the following safety instructions Read and understand these instructions before operating the apparatus or doing troubleshooting testing adjustments or repairs Failure to comply with the safety instructions may result in personal injury Warning To avoid the risk of fire do not expose this unit to rain or moisture Unplug this apparatus during storms or when unused for long periods of time Warning Do not attempt to operate this apparatus with the top cover removed Caution The apparatus will operate as a free standing unit without requiring any special cooling arrangement but should not be allowed to be accidentally or deliberately covered in any way Do not obstruct the ventilation slots in the upper and lower surfaces 5 o Safey o Earthing This apparatus MUST be earthed Do not defeat the safety purpose of the polarized or grounding type plug A polarized plug has two blades with one wider than the other A grounding type plug has two blades and a third grounding prong The wide blade or the third prong are provi
15. ogramme material this range can be reduced to 9dB using the related switch Low frequency Bell Shelf In Bell mode the LF response curve is symmetrical around the current frequency setting with a Q factor of approximately 0 7 providing the ability to subtly boost or cut the signal around the chosen frequency with attenuation occurring either side of the centre frequency In Shelf mode the response curve remains flat after the centre frequency and continues at this gain setting until the lowest frequency limit is reached Glow Normally the EQ provides steep sided curves allowing powerful tonal changes The Glow switch subtly alters the response curve shape to give greater or less warmth altering the overall sound without changing it s character 19 Ca md m ow lolo p A Goad oo mou emo zoo o NT Low Mid Frequency The LMF band operates over a frequency range of 30Hz to kHz with a variable cut boost range of 18dB For finer control of complex programme material this range can be reduced to 9dB using the related switch Q Control The Q control defines the bandwidth over which the LMF control is active The Q range is 0 65 to 2 providing gentle enhancement using a low setting to a hard resonant sound using a high setting The higher settings generate a narrow and sharper response curve Low mid frequency Notch With Notch selected the LMF section is converted to a band stop f
16. pped gain control is not used Phase Switch and the fine trim variable gain range The Phase switch operates after Mic Line changes to 6dB to 1288 using the selection allowing phase inversion of the secondary blue scale incoming signal from either input to the EQ stage It has no effect on the dedicated Mic amp output 17 Filters In Both filters are switched in simultaneously High Pass The High Pass filter operates over a frequency range of 20Hz to 300Hz with a slope of 8dB octave allowing the removal of unwanted low frequency noise components such as rumble and hum Low Pass The Low Pass filter operates over a frequency range of 4 5kHz to 30kHz with a slope of 8dB octave The extended range allows the filter to remove unwanted harmonic distortion in the conventional audio band caused by audio components in the inaudible upper frequency bands _ Filters ____________ All EQ In The All EQ In switch places the entire EQ into circuit simultaneously and acts as a master EQ enable switch in conjunction with the Mids In and HF LF In switches which must be operated for anything to happen Refer to the block diagram on page 13 to fully understand this relationship 16 ______ Operational Guide 1 LII om oxo od 9 oo ona NT Low Frequency The LF band operates over a frequency range of 30Hz to 300Hz with a variable cut boost range of 18dB For finer control of complex pr
17. re 12 Nashville TN37217 Tel 1 615 360 0488 Fax 1 615 360 0273 Japan Office 3 5 14 Konan Minato ku Tokyo 108 0075 Tel 81 0 3 5707 0575 Fax 81 0 3 5707 0599 Part No MANRNEO A PAK Harman International Company
18. related to the music content of the signal The SYSTEM 9098 EQ makes use where possible of integrated circuits which are so designed as not to produce crossover distortion 13 Where more power is required have used a biasing circuit which provides much of the Class B efficiency with a Quasi Class A performance At a number of points discrete transistors have been used to further extend the IC performance The result is an equaliser which has the solidity and sound of Class A without the cost heat and weight penalties We have also left behind cumbersome and expensive hand cabling noisy connectors heavy separate power supplies and the assembly techniques which contribute nothing but nostalgia and add nothing to the performance Apart from the robustness repeatability and reliability we have now achieved AFFORDABILITY The frequency range has been extended to be effective well above the conventional audio band Professional audio engineers have known for many years that the sonic quality of audio equipment does not appear to relate fully to the technical specifications Human hearing demonstrably cuts off somewhere below 20 2 so for most of us and for a time it seemed to make sense that our equipment should cut off there too More recently research has shown that the experienced listener is right and it has been positively established that equipment which can faithfully handle signals well above 20 2 gives a greater sense of enjo
19. to rain or moisture does not operate normally or has been dropped Mains Cable The supplied IEC mains cable must be terminated correctly to the AC mains supply before use Protect the power cord from being walked on or pinched particularly at plugs convenience receptacles and the point where they exit from the apparatus Use only an approved AC plug or power distribution device The three cores are colour coded as follows Green Yellow Safety Earth The Green Yellow core in the mains Brown Live cable is a safety ground and must be Blue Neutral connected at all times S curit Pr caution Pour votre s curit et afin de ne pas interrompre la garantie il est important Pb e Co de lire attentivement les paragraphes marqu s d un symbole Conserver ce document Importante information Hazadeuse ou dangereuse Note de Priere de lire avant manipulations peuvent pr caution utilisation provoqu es de graves blessures o m me la mort Important Ce manuel est lire attentivement avant de brancher cet appareil pour la premi re fois Suivre les instructions de s curit Lire et comprendre ces intructions avant l utilisation de l appareil ou avant d pannage essai ajustement ou r paration Ne pas se conformer aux instructions de s curit peut provoquer de graves blessures Avertissement Afin d viter un risque de feu ne pas exposer l appareil la pluie ou l humidit D branchez l appareil e
20. traire des aiguilles d une montre pour d gager le capuchon Mettre le nouveau fusible dans le capuchon et remettre en place en faisant la proc dure inverse Pr caution Pour protection soutenue contre risque de feu remplacer seulement avec fusible de meme type 200mA T 230V ou 400mA T 1 15V Les fusibles sont de type IEC 20mm protection surtension pour fusibles 9 S curit 10 Ventilation A l installation de l appareil prendre garde ne pas obstruer les fentes sup rieures et inf rieures de ventilation Entretien ll n y a aucune piece l int rieur de l appareil que l utilisateur doit toucher Reporter toute revision entretien ou r paration au personnel qualifi de AMEK Une revision est faire lorsque l appareil a t endommag ou lorsque la prise o le cable d alimentation ont t endommag lorsqu un liquide a t r pandu o un objet est tomb sur l appareil lorsque l appareil a t expos la pluie ou l humidit ou ne fonctionne pas normalement ou est tomb Cable de Secteur Le cable de secteur IEC fourni doit tre correctement au cable d alimentation avant l utilisation Prot ger le cordon d alimentation afin d viter qu il soit pi tin cras ou pinc en particulier au niveau des prises de courant des fiches femelles et des points de sorties de l appareil Utiliser seulement une prise de courant conforme Les 3 cables l int rieur du cable d alimentation sont de co
21. uleurs suivantes Le cable vert jaune l int rieur du cable d alimentation est la s curit terre et doit tre toujours connect Prise de Terre Phase Neutre Installation Location This product is designed and screened to minimise internal electromagnetic emissions and provide immunity to external electromagnetic fields To reduce the risk of performance degradation due to external interference do not site this unit close to sources of strong magnetic fields such as power supplies power amplifiers loudspeakers etc Rack Mounting This product is designed to be rack mounted using the screws and washers supplied to help preserve the finish of the facia panel The facia graphic layer is under surface printed to provide a robust hard wearing surface designed to last the life of the product in virtually any operating environment Failure to use the supplied fixings may result in damage to the facia surface which can invalidate the warranty It is recommended that additional rack mount side supports are used in conjunction with the facia panel fixings particularly when the unit is mounted in a flite case or vehicle where vibration and transit shocks can be expected Powering up and Clicks Clicks may be heard from in out switches when the product is powered up these will dissipate after approximately 10 minutes This is perfectly normal Cleaning The product should be cleaned with a soft brush around th
22. yment and fullness These are qualities we would have associated with mid and lower frequencies It seems that the presence of these super high frequencies provided that they actually occur in the original acoustic sound can influence the way we hear sound within the traditional hearing band Even if the out of band frequencies are severely attenuated the effect is worthwhile The HIGH FREQUENCY control is therefore designed to peak above 20kHz and can give a scintillating quality to the sound Although extreme HF response is desirable out of band signals must be free of self generated noise and distortion If the input signal contains unwanted noise typically produced by digital processing the LOW PASS filter can be a valuable tool It s turnover frequency range extends as high as 30kHz in order to remove inaudible distortion and processing products which might otherwise affect the way we hear music within the conventional audio band The lowest frequency on the HIGH PASS filter is 20Hz 14 Overview Below this there is virtually nothing musical but the filter does let you remove any very low frequency building rumbles or other unwanted low frequencies The upper end of its range can be helpful in removing a great deal of the spill from adjacent low frequency instruments in multi track work The low frequency section is one of the most important tools in the equalisation toolchest In the more extreme settings dramatic effects ca
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