Automated Control System for Alcohol and Pollution
Contents
1. Fig 6 Dump process finished If dumping process of the hex file is completed then the controller will work as per our requirement IV RESULTS The proposed system using ARM7 controller was designed and checked successfully the results are shown below Figs 7 to 10 Fig 7 Proposed system Fig 8 Indicating Sensors values Fig 9 Identification when pollution detected Fig 10 Indication when alcohol detected V CONCLUSION The implementation of is Automated Control System for Air Pollution Detection and driver behavior detection in Vehicles and done successfully The communication is properly done without any interference between different modules in the design Design is done to meet all the specifications and requirements Software tools like Keil Uvision Simulator Preload to dump the source code into the microcontroller Or cad Lite for the schematic diagram have been used to develop the software code before realizing the hardware Circuit is implemented in OrCAD and implemented on the microcontroller board The performance has been verified both in software simulator and hardware design The total circuit is completely verified functionally and is following the application software It can be concluded that the design implemented in the present work provide portability flexibility and the data transmission is also done with low power consumption VI REFERENCES 1 Soundarraj V Rajasekar L Design of C2. drive circuit stable and long life If driver has drunk then alcohol sensor sends signal to microcontroller The output of alcohol sensor is given to one of LPC2148 pin and message is displayed on LCD D ARM7 Processor The conventional 8 and 16bit Microcontrollers has its deficiencies when compared with 32bit microcontroller This proposed system design uses the ARM _ processor ARM architecture is based on Reduced Instruction Set Computer RISC principles and the instruction set and related decode mechanism are much simpler than those of micro programmed Complex Instruction Set Computers This simplicity results in a high instruction throughput and impressive real time interrupt response from a small and cost effective processor core The Philips LPC2148 which is International Journal of Scientific Engineering and Technology Research Volume 03 IssueNo 36 November 2014 Pages 7172 7175 Automated Control System for Alcohol and Pollution Detection in Vehicles based on 32 bitARM7 TDMI core supporting real time simulation When ARM processor combined with RTOS with timing constraint can be realized for the data acquisition and transmission of data with high precision HI FIRMWARE IMPLEMENTATION A Firmware Implementation Firmware implementation deals in programming the microcontroller so that it can control the operation of the IC s used in the implementation In the present work we have used the Orcad design software for PCB ci
3. drop voltage regulator transmit receive and power indication LEDs Schmitt trigger based buffer for 5V to 3 3V logic level conversion This GPS receiver gives data output in standard National marine electronics association NMEA format 5 The GPS receiver gives 157dBm tracking sensitivity The module is configured at 9600 baud rate Module requires a 5V supply and can be interfaced with the 5V TTL CMOS logic The detail NMEA protocol GPGGA Global Positioning System Fix Data GPGSA GPS DOP and active satellites GPGSV GPS Satellites in view GPRMC Recommended minimum specific GPS Transit data Speed GPVTG Track Made Good and Ground758 Fig 2 shows interfacing of GPS module with ARM Processor on UARTIwhere TxD pin of ARM processor is connected to RxD pin of GPS module and vice versa The data from GPS receiver in NMEA format is received on ARM processor using UARTI1 protocol which contains information about Vehicle position longitude latitude and speed B CO Sensor In this paper gas sensor is used for CO detection It is high sensitive to carbon monoxide simple drive circuit stable and long life If the level CO from smoke emitted from car is more than the desired level gas sensor sends signal to microcontroller The output of CO is given to one of LPC2148 pin and message is displayed on LCD C Alcohol Sensor In this paper gas sensor is used for alcohol detection It is high sensitive to alcohol simple
4. when touched A sensor s sensitivity indicates how much the sensor s output changes when the measured quantity changes Vehicle accidents are most common if the driving is inadequate These happen on most factors if the driver is drowsy or if he is alcoholic Driver drowsiness is recognized as an important factor in the vehicle accidents It was demonstrated that driving performance deteriorates with increased drowsiness with resulting crashes constituting more than 20 of all vehicle accidents But the life lost once cannot be re winded Advanced technology offers some hope avoid these up to some extent The aim of this paper is to Copyright 2014 IJSETR All rights reserved MARANA SATISH KUMAR M KRANTHI KUMAR detect driver behavior using alcohol sensor and pollution gas level using CO sensor In the proposed system alcohol and CO sensors are used for driver behavior and pollution detection of the vehicle respectively Whenever the sensors values cross the predefined values then the buzzer will indicate the danger situation If HARDWARE OF VEHICULAR SYSTEM The block diagram of the design is as shown in Fig 1 It consists of power supply unit microcontroller CO sensor alcohol sensor and LCD The brief description of each unit is explained in below section Block Diagram Of Proposed System Fig 1 Proposed system block diagram A GPS Module Wee ARM Processor TxD UARTI RxD Module gmd GND Ered end Fig
5. 2 Interfacing of GPS module with ARM Processor on UARTI With the evolvement of semi conductor sensors for detecting the various gases this project aims at using those semi conductor sensors at the emission outlets of vehicles which detects the level of pollutants and also indicates this level with a meter When the pollution emission level shoots beyond the already set threshold level there will be a buzz in the vehicle to indicate that the limit has been breached and the vehicle will stop after a certain period of time a cushion time given for the driver to park his her vehicle After this time period the GPS starts locating the place of the vehicle After the timer runs out engine will be off The synchronization and execution of the entire process is monitored and controlled by a micro controller This project when augmented as a real time project will benefit the society and help in reducing the air pollution The coding was written in embedded C language and compile using keil compiler The relevant hex file was dumped into the microcontroller using FLASH MAGIC software Global Position System GPS 1 1s a space based satellite navigation that provides location and time information in all weather conditions anywhere on or near the Earth GPS Receiver MT3318 Module is used that have a active patch antenna from Cirocomm The GPS receiver tracks 5lsatellites simultaneously The module is mounted on the PCB along with the 3 3V low
6. International Journal of Scientific Engineering and Technology Research ISSN 2319 8885 Vol 03 Issue 36 November 2014 Pages 7172 7175 JSETR www ijsetr com Automated Control System for Alcohol and Pollution Detection in Vehicles MARANA SATISH KUMAR M KRANTHI KUMAR PG Scholar Dept of ECE Sri Sai Aditya Institute of Science and Technology Surampalem JNTUK AP India E mail satish marana gmail com Asst Prof Dept of ECE Sri Sai Aditya Institute of Science and Technology Surampalem JNTUK AP India E mail kranthikumar 427 gmail com Abstract Now a day due to status symbol everyone is trying to purchase their own four wheelers All the vehicles run by Petrol Diesel and CNG etc Mostly the people prefer the AC vehicle in these vehicles the rate of fuel consumption is high and also extracting huge amount of heat from the atmosphere It often happens during rainy season in heavy traffic area the pollution level is very high if the engine is ON for long time the vehicles are on standing mode Then due to this reason the toxic gas 1s emitted inside the vehicle that is injurious to the health of human In this paper we are planned to alcohol sensor inside the vehicle and avoid drunken drive Sometimes during the long drive or whole night driving driver may feel sleepy which is also dangerous for passengers through the alcohol sensor system if the count is less then auto alarm which may indicate the toxic gas smoke
7. ademy comlag classes Fig 5 Dumping of the code into Microcontroller International Journal of Scientific Engineering and Technology Research Volume 03 IssueNo 36 November 2014 Pages 7172 7175 MARANA SATISH KUMAR M KRANTHI KUMAR Flash Magic is a PC tool for programming flash based microcontrollers from NXP using a serial or Ethernet protocol while in the target hardware The figures 8 and 9 below show how the baud rate is selected for the microcontroller how are the registers erased before the device is programmed i Flash Magic NON PRODUCTION USE ONLY Fie ISP Options Tools Help FIETSE LA TARAI ES Step 1 Communications Step 2 Erase COM Port COM 1 Erase block 9 0x01 0000 001 7FFF Erase block 10 0x01 8000 0401 FFFF Baud Rate S600 Erase block 11 0x020000 04027FFF m Erase block 12 04028000 0x02F FFF Device LPD2146 Erase block 13 0x030000 0 037FFF raees None ISF Erase block 14 0 038000 003F FFF Oscillator Freg MHz 12 000000 Erase all Flash Code Ad Prat Iw Erase blocks used by Hex File Hex File DAGANE SHS Project related ew Falder Real Time Automization Browse Modified Friday October 22 2010 12 00 06 4M moore into Step 4 Options jw Verify after programming Set Code Read Prot P Fil unused Flash Gen block checksums Download free 8051 and 24 code examples using 120 CAM Flash etc WWI esercademy com tagi prog Finished 3
8. ar Black Box Based on ARM International Journal of Microsystems Technology and Its Applications IJMTA Vol 1 No 2 January 2013 2 Prof M Nirmala M Dineshkumar Design and Implementation of Automotive Control Features using ARM Volume 2 Issue 5 May 2013 3 Datasheet of LPC2148 Rev 01 7 September 2005 4 P Ajay Kumar Reddy P Dileep Kumar K Bhaskar reddy E Venkataramana M Chandra sekhar Reddy Black Box for Vehicles International Journal of Engineering Inventions Volume 1 Issue 7 October2012 PP 06 12 5 Dheeraj Pawar Pushpak Poddar Car Black Box with Speed Control in Desired Areas for Collision Avoidance Engineering Technology amp Applied Science Research Vol 2 No 5 2012 281 284 6 Kenneth J Ayala 8051 Microcontroller 3rd Edition 7 M A Mazidi J C Mazidi R D Mckinaly the 8051 Microcontroller and Embedded Systems Pearson Education 2006 8 Varsha Goud V Padmaja Vehicle Accident Automatic Detection and Remote Alarm Device International Journal of Reconfigurable and Embedded Systems IJRES Vol 1 No 2 July 2012 pp 49 54 9 USER MANUAL BlueBoard LPC214X of NGX technologies International Journal of Scientific Engineering and Technology Research Volume 03 IssueNo 36 November 2014 Pages 7172 7175
9. level through alarm sound must be made alert for drivers and passengers And if the driver is drinking then through the control unit the vehicle door is not opening and if door is not locked then engine is not ignited The aim of this paper is to detect driver behavior using alcohol sensor and pollution gas level using CO sensor In the proposed system alcohol and CO sensors are used for driver behavior and pollution detection of the vehicle respectively GPS will track the vehicle when vehicle is in danger situation The values of the alcohol and CO sensor are displayed on LCD LCD will show the each and every action of the proposed system Keywords Alcohol Sensor CO Sensor GPS and LCD I INTRODUCTION The vehicle accident is a major public problem in many countries particularly India Despite awareness campaign this problem is still increasing due to rider s poor behaviors such as speed driving drunk driving riding without sufficient sleep etc The numbers of death and disability are very high because of late assistance to people who got the accident These cause huge social and economic burdens to people involved Therefore several research group and major motorcycle manufacturers have developed safety devices to protect riders from accidental injuries However good safety device for vehicles is difficult to implement and very expensive 1 On the roadway driver usually keep a safety distance from one another On the other hand due
10. r also supports C language code The compilation of the C program converts it into machine language file hex This is the only language the microcontroller will understand because it contains the original program code converted into a hexadecimal format During this step there are some warnings about eventual errors in the program If there are no errors and warnings then run the program the system performs all the required tasks and behaves as expected the software developed If not the whole procedure will have to be repeated again Below figs 3 and 4 shows the compilation of the program W Real Ties Agiomination H igriculivnal breirawrari lar Social Madentvaibon ef gfh Be bE pe Bae Ph ibai ap n pihi ENTE gadis el eF a E i SEDES AE m1 7 ik hejt y miiie p daai TI oy riai merrer LLALA M Si err iag My Puasiude TLPCILAI N EJ Tei Tre dajre M Fendi d brima Ti jenii S Fi TTEIHG E gj beet Me Fiscl STEIN A aj Diep Wi ws i Jm EH B a S Ltaeer oc a RE E Fins iumke nE H al T fe vt id Fitna FTO E Hi isc iuda FPG re emai Te TT Piter asp H TE Wimcluds ET aT if iy H fiter i mi lacus 7i i I Feadir TH itu ie Fiatin L OT fdstir r I I OH Pisiin a r r TN Biei 4 a wet nl Gi Fiar r pla T ii Piscinas p ia j fin a Jal ee iei a LEES J STURT ramit rastit mas j abar La mocap Fpa k ETTEE ACETH ji ce Etip Th bead beai Linking Praga Ein
11. rcuit design the Keil uv4 software development tool to write and compile the source code which has been written in the C language The Flash magic programmer has been used to write this compile code into the microcontroller Software Tools Required e Orcad e Keil uVision4 e Flash Magic Orcad is used for drawing the schematic diagram it is mentioned above Keiluv4 Flash magic are the two software tools used to program microcontroller The working of each software tool is explained below in detail Programming Code Description A compiler for a high level language helps to reduce production time To program the LPC2148 microcontroller the Keil uv4 is used The programming is done in the embedded C language or Assembly language Keil uv4 is a suite of executable open source software development tools for the microcontrollers hosted on the Windows platform One of the difficulties of programming microcontrollers is the limited amount of resources the programmer has to deal with In personal computers resources such as RAM and processing speed are basically limitless when compared to microcontrollers In contrast the code on microcontrollers should be as low on resources as possible Keil Compiler Keil compiler is software used where the machine language code is written and compiled After compilation the machine source code is converted into hex code which is to be dumped into the microcontroller for further processing Keil compile
12. s i Felli zati Final dode aT i i i Lid HEM E o 0 gt amuen f T e ras Fig 3 Compilation of source Code Be pA eer Pear Aye bin Pape Ji pO Ws he ddd ia r et 5 ee er wee TEET A FF Prejart rau seit J i i ji joan j E meL i dai TE f Tage i iy eer Gece Jaj Seah tone btm J iag iiiki J beilt EEN jt EP ins Jea i k m an dhee i fad Cup eis Build targ mt l Linkl Program dine D Bi dacwedk Hi iatarii 20 daceesdke FoomElF cresting iba Tii ar Etar lAl HESRET LHI Ca LLS H start EG pine F fie Peel Bj taiea eraa T umbea hes i Fig 4 Run process of compiled Code B Flash Magic fy ak Flash Magic NON PRODUCTION USE ONLY Fie ISP Options Tools Help adlg we gt 9 ee Step 1 Communications Step 2 Erase COM Fort com 7 l Erase block O 00000 00 FFF Erase block 1 01000 01 FFF Baud Aate 5600 l Device e9C51 RASzas Inter ace Hone ISF Erase all Flash Security Clks Oscillator Freq MH z ji 6 000000 Erase blacks used by Hex File Step 3 Hes File Hex File D GANESH SProject related N ew Folder Aeal Time 4ubomization Browse Modified Sunday October 23 20711 5 01 17 PM more info Yeri after programming Set Security Bit 1 Fill unused Flash Set Security Bit 2 Gen block checksums Set Security Bit 3 Execube Prog Clocks Bit On Line training classes for microcontrollers and embedded networking and Internetworking WW esac
13. to the driver s interruption long time driving tiredness or a sudden break applied by another car a serious collision may occur Even though the driver is in a conscious mind he cannot respond immediately to control his her vehicle Sometimes crash may occurs due to bad weather situations as mist vapor fog and so on Therefore with the help of obstacle detection and distance measurement sensor a front end collision warning system is developed to prevent vehicle from the collision is named as VVCAU 2 Many cases remain pending due to unknown reason of an accident A sensor is a converter that measures a physical quantity and converts it into a signal which can be read by an observer or Gserr by an today mostly electronic instrument For example a mercury in glass thermometer converts the measured temperature into expansion and contraction of a liquid which can be read on a calibrated glass tube A thermocouple converts temperature to an output voltage which can be read by a voltmeter For accuracy most sensors are calibrated against known standards Sensors are used in everyday objects such as touch sensitive elevator buttons tactile sensor and lamps which dim or brighten by touching the base There are also innumerable applications for sensors of which most people are never aware Applications include cars machines aerospace medicine manufacturing and robotics A sensor is a device which receives and responds to a signal
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