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1. P P JL I Now place the IC socket The socket protects the microcontroller chip and allows it to be roi fete Twy replaced if necessary RRR R R E R R eR eR 0 LE NM EOM FF Fe Se ee r K e BN a ad N The socket has a U shaped notch in one end E KS Make sure that this notch matches the U LA E M E EE OE S E Ms shaped notch in the silkscreen see the image oe ee ee ee ew we eeeeseeseel 4 to the left if you re not sure If you end up TUE I meg putting the socket in backwards don t fret It s Er not essential that it is in right but it will help you CEN ir you have to replace the chip ARW IR LIITILIDIITIIITIITHIIIT Adafruit https learn adafruit com monochron Page 41 of 137 Industries You can keep the socket in place with tape or if you have long fingernails by bending over two of the little legs to hold it in place First solder in 2 opposite corners Then solder eee the rest of the pins RNN jrs Hen Cees Mean emme Gan a o i essen Se 222 eee oe ee ee e a Bee ee es ee LES m 82 amp Gee sees They do not need to be clipped as they are already quite short E SAREL bee eaee ge a fo fe a Die dn Ge L M Nu 0 gt gt I Nr Adafrui ADI https learn adafruit com monochron Page 42 of 137 Industries tdi US Te Te Tee eT C Me 7 re th TL at ca i y i
2. Cut off the end of the power supply Of course it shouldn t be plugged in at this time Adafruit https learn adafruit com monochron Page 99 of 137 Industries Pull the two wires apart sometimes cutting with nippers helps you get started Page 100 of 137 https learn adafruit com monochron Adafruit Industries Strip off the ends maybe a 1 2 inch or so Page 101 of 137 https learn adafruit com monochron Adafruit Industries Tin the wires with solder then trim them to 1 4 Page 102 of 137 https learn adafruit com monochron Adafruit Industries 6690090909 0990090090099 lt 990000000000 ur 6000000990 06 6000000909990721 600000 00909 M B EEEEEERE E A oooooo00009 oooooo000000 990000000008 990000000 T T 5 bs s Aaa a L af a a a F Use a multimeter to verify which wire is ground and which is 9V Page 103 of 137 https learn adafruit com monochron Adafruit Industries Thread the wire through the back of the case Page 104 of 137 https learn adafruit com monochron Adafruit Industries Solder the wires directly to the DC jack Adafruit https learn adafruit com monochron Page 105 of 137 Industries Now remove the bottom of the case with the printing and start sliding the back on adjusting the cable as necessary Adafruit l https learn adafruit com monochron Page
3. I L L L dk L dk b an L b n 9 J L b T k E i 2 15 R RRR eee RA ae ee T E T S p p o RENE C1 ES pas T is T a 4 gn m ui Mr ke https learn adafruit com monochron wlelelelelelelelelelelelele f R1 Ll gd pem amp j RR RE a E nde R N eee P mmm oe a p rn m ep ee ee 6 Next is D1 the 1N4001 protection diode Diodes are semiconductors in particular a diode will only pass current in one direction This protects the power supply and micro from if Someone plugs in a power supply that is AC or negative polarity Instead of going poof the g diode will block the negative voltage Because diodes only conduct in one direction it s important to put it in right Look for a white m stripe at one end this is the cathode now g look on the PCB there is a silkscreened diode b and one side also has a white stripe make sure to match those up After the diode is the 7805 voltage regulator IC2 The 7805 regulators up to 17VDC down to a nice steady 5V Because we are using a good i quality LCD with an LED backlight we don t need a big honking power supply chip The TO 92 package 7805 can supply about 100mA However if you end up doing mods or want to use an LCD with an EL backlight you may end up using IC2 which is the TO 220 package version and can provide 1 0 Amp of curren
4. E Adafruit https learn adafruit com monochron Page 34 of 137 Industries EHA E Now we are ready to build the power supply ESI The power supply is what takes 9V from the 4 outside world from power plug and regulates Qe EI it down to 5V that is safe for the microcontroller venus to run at The first part is the 2 1mm DC jack This is the BM mechanical connection It fits in the lower left hand side of the PCB and you can snap it into B place may need a bit of a squeeze make sure it sits flat against the circuit board Fr P 1 i 4 toe ee RRR N R 8 R K ee Adafruit l https learn adafruit com monochron Page 35 of 137 Industries If it doesn t snap in place you can keep it from falling out by tack soldering it a little from the top on one of the pins Now flip over the PCB and solder the three big pins Make sure to heat up the pads and pins for a few seconds before shoving tons of solder in there This is a mechanical solder ma connection so you really want to get the big round pads filled up NE EM NEM RR ii 6 o 8 e amp 4 4 KERNEN NN ee tt et tte ee M k E de i L mt L MN 9 a a a F TEETE T H H Adafruit l https learn adafruit com monochron Page 36 of 137 Industries u md ae cs wat sa Le E LI et mr S41 L 6 Ee ee H4 ESTER 1 n E 7 Adafruit Industries Im Ld Z dk
5. Retro arcade style table tennis for two the clock These was a mixup in GitHub for now please download the latest firmware HEX via this forum link http adafru it c4L XDaliChron Dali Clock is a digital clock When a digit changes it melts into its new shape The date is displayed when the button is pressed Code at GitHub http adafru it CAM Click Download Source to get it all SevenChron A simple 7 segment display clock Adafruit https learn adafruit com monochron Page 113 of 137 Industries Code at GitHub http adafru it CAN Click Download Source to get it all IntruderChron nr Adafruit Industries https learn adafruit com monochron Page 114 of 137 Enemy Alien Intruders attack by Dataman http adafru it dNV Code available at GitHub http adafru it CAO Click Download Source to get it all MONOCHRON is a registered trademark of Adafruit Industries Adafruit https learn adafruit com monochron Page 115 of 137 Industries Updating Updating your clock The MONOCHRON was explicitly designed to allow users to create their own firmware for the clock using our code base Once you have built and tested your clock you can choose one of our existing designs or of course write your own AVR Programmer or FTDI cable There are two ways to update the clock One is to reprogram the entire chip using an AVR programmer The other is to use a bootloader that is pre
6. https learn adafruit com monochron Page 17 of 137 Industries Multimeter You will need a good quality basic multimeter that can measure voltage and continuity T Click here to buy a basic multimeter http adafru it 71 Click here to buy a top of the line multimeter http adafru it 308 Click here to buy a pocket multimeter http adafru it 850 Adafruit https learn adafruit com monochron Page 18 of 137 Industries Flush Diagonal Cutters You will need flush diagonal cutters to trim the wires and leads off of components once you have soldered them in place Click here to buy our favorite cutters http adafru it 152 Solder Sucker Strangely enough that s the technical term for this desoldering vacuum tool Useful in cleaning up mistakes every electrical engineer has one of these on their desk Click here to buy a one http adafru it 148 Helping Third Hand With Magnifier Not absolutely necessary but will make things go much much faster and it will make soldering much easier Pick one up here http adafru it 291 Adafruit https learn adafruit com monochron Page 19 of 137 Industries MONOCHRON is a registered trademark of Adafruit Industries Adafruit https learn adafruit com monochron Page 20 of 137 Industries Parts list Parts list Bill of Materials Check to make sure your kit comes with the following parts Sometimes we make mistakes so
7. 4 1 1 T J n di i i al M E Hac li J L1 Kra d ka mm JL H IUT lan uns Press to cycle through the brightness from 00 to 16 You may have to adjust the contrast at the same time to get the ideal display Adafruit https learn adafruit com monochron Page 95 of 137 Industries MONOCHRON is a registered trademark of Adafruit Industries Adafruit https learn adafruit com monochron Page 96 of 137 Industries Mods Modificating your kit for fun What are the mods Mods are tweaks you can do the the clock after it s built to give you a cooler look new display etc e Neater power cable http adafru it c4G make the cable come out the back of the kit instead of the side e Some other nifty clocks http adafru it c4H you may want to use e How to update the clock http adafru it c4w with other firmware to make a new display MONOCHRON is a registered trademark of Adafruit Industries Adafruit https learn adafruit com monochron Page 97 of 137 Industries Power cable Neater power cord The mod This will make your clock look a little nicer You ll need to cut and solder the cable direct but it s an easy mod Lets go First take off the back of the clock by gently prying the top and pulling it off Get your power Supply too Make sure it s not plugged in Adafrui Adairuit https learn adafruit com monochron Page 98 of 137 Industries
8. Tzal Lj b S PELLI E E 3 H a t iTi pum em hp mm uus ul dis n EB Tu NI L EN manana Vos EL ous UD MD th m3 Tp Tour ODE TH pt pt Fa or fh L iD D U ER a T NIS Per a x9 6 E BR i LI L In TR s m U rm m m m mE MINI f T BE Em 2 p hs UT Press to increment the year Press SET to save the date Adafruit https learn adafruit com monochron Page 89 of 137 Industries L ant Laur at LC F p CU 1 pee i SEs ved ID KA Kk pe MI ed ed L B 2 MONOCHRON is a registered trademark of Adafruit Industries Adafruit https learn adafruit com monochron Page 90 of 137 Industries Region Set region Regioning You can easily change the kit display so no matter where you live the numbers look the way you want To set the region press the MENU button to enter the configuration menu Then press MENU three times to get to Set region Press SET to change the region You can select US 12hr mm dd yy date and 12 AM PM time Press to change it Adafrui ES en https learn adafruit com monochron Page 91 of 137 Industries J T 1 1 char C C RE Tn ae Z Get ee mmv a p L 7 E t ia 1 s e ERE D 0 Kad bed a S D D DD T L DUE TN pt pt Dt L un RI You can select EU 12hr dd mm yy date and 12 AM PM time Pres
9. e Region set http adafru it c4F e Backlight adjust http adafru it c4D MONOCHRON is a registered trademark of Adafruit Industries Adafruit Industries https learn adafruit com monochron Page 81 of 137 Alarm Alarm set Turning the Alarm on off Flip the switch on the right side of the clock When the LED is on the alarm is active when the LED is off the alarm is off easy to remember Alarm amp snoozing If the alarm is going off the piezo will beep loudly and the display will flash You can turn off the alarm by flipping the alarm switch on the side If you press a button that will put the clock into snooze mode which will stop the beeping but keep flashing After 10 minutes the snooze will end and the alarm will continue to beep Setting the alarm time Press MENU to get into the config menu Adafruit https learn adafruit com monochron Page 82 of 137 Industries Ci kannn n a P E H s iTi n p s re ES P uu e ILLE ew T Lil T menin mum De mor ees ts Q TTS setie he Set et Set et Set eee TI m m Press SET to begin setting the time a E ma P aon 10 NEN m i anime 4 HEIINIT Hi SE aad H rw DINI y t L T T E WT m m Ti TRT H 1 EEn Press to increment the alarm hour if you have it set to 12hr mode you will be able to see AM PM Adafruit https learn ad
10. AT um Els E i m a E E HEN NAAR u aai uf ae lt L EEEN k z 6 C Emm C L L L t niu iii T it IT AE H e Adafruit https learn adafruit com monochron Page 86 of 137 Industries Press to increment the minutes When you re done press SET to advance ation D 1 E eenden v i E E EE wt Es Ga 1 108 HEINE T Lk L TERI crm el TT d 00 Ted H Es i E n L L L L D c L TNNT i3uration et Bi arm ELLE CH EN Lr dun B s G E 1 IN EN E a Tipe Te TUBE oi Bees es L i ES L TURO MONOCHRON is a registered trademark of Adafruit Industries Adafrui iuc https learn adafruit com monochron Page 87 of 137 Industries Date Setting the date Save the date We ll now set the date you can change the US EU mode now In this example we ll have US mode but of course EU is the same except that the day and month are swapped Press MENU to enter the configuration menu Press MENU again twice to advance to Set Date Ea ET It Ex lt nzza el aha ad L LET an jan 111 aial i mI i ok a mm rn Keane JUNI C Press SET to begin setting the time Press to increment the month in US mode or day in EU mode Press SET to advance Adafruit https learn adafruit com monochron Page 88 of 137 Industries E EF
11. Is the chip in right If you are struggling post in the forums for help Once you are satisfied unplug the kit and continue Adafruit https learn adafruit com monochron Page 44 of 137 Industries Now it s time to place the small indicator LED LED1 LED s are not symmetric and must be placed correctly in order to work You ll notice I one leg of the LED is longer than the other This is the positive leg The positive leg goes into the hole with a next to it In the picture shown it s the left hole Insert the LED into the correct location and bend the body out so it will stick out of the enclosure a bit Bend the leads out to keep it from falling out when you turn the PCB over ll Now you can also place SW1 which is the alarm switch Make sure the switchy part faces out it should snap in place UN i y ess ses eee sees ee gs e 9 9 9 9 9 9 C NN M EMEMESEM ss rees a L L amp L You may want to tack solder the switch from above to keep it in place Make sure the switch is sitting flat against the PCB o EM H H H H eee NE M ON EM MOS OL ee e Adafruit https learn adafruit com monochron Page 45 of 137 Industries Solder in the LED and switch watch out because the switch has some smaller pins in the middle Don t use tons of solder Clip the leads of the LED The switch doesn t need to be clipped E RR EN E y 99959559592
12. U options are allowed each request is performed in the order specified Do not write anything to the device m Do not verify Disable safemode default when running from a scrip m silent safemode operation will not ask you if fuses should be changed back t Enter terminal mode E lt exitspec lt exitspec List programmer exit specifications m Count erase cycles in EEPROM Y lt number gt Initialize erase cycle in EEPROM u Uerhoze output u u for more Quell progress output q q For less Display this usage lavrdude project lt URLihttp savannah nongnu org projects ay rdude gt CNP Now you can continue Installing the FTDI driver Since it s going to be more common we ll be covering how to use the FTDI adapter first Nearly all of this tutorial is just getting everything set up and installed it only has to happen once Step 1 is to plug in your FT Dl adatper If you have an FTDI cable proper there is already a USB A connector on the end Adafruit https learn adafruit com monochron Page 117 of 137 Industries p If you have an FTDI adapter you ll need a standard mini B cable pretty much everything uses these so steal your camera s or cell phone s data cable Adafruit https learn adafruit com monochron Page 118 of 137 Industries If you are using windows you may need to download the FTDI driver http adafru it aJv if you haven t already installed i
13. Welcome to Darwin adafruit ada ls dev cu dev cu Babbitz Phane SerialPa 1 deve cu modem fdev cu Bluetooth Modem dev cu usbserial Ad4BEBi devzcu Bluetoaath PDA Svnc adafruit adaf Cm adafruit adat B ak LY E The name we are looking for is dev cu usbserial XXXX where the X s are going to be unique for each cable Copy and paste the name into a text file so you ll remember it for later For Linux Unix type Is dev ttyUSB into a terminal window you should see a device file called something like tty USBO ladyadamcladyada aptop File Edit View Terminal Tabs Help Ladyada lLadyada lLaptop ls dev ttyUSB Ladyada LlLadyada lLaptop If you are using Windows go to the Device Manager From the Start Menu select Settings gt Control Panel Double click on System and select the Hardware tab Then click onthe Device Manager button Adafruit https learn adafruit com monochron Page 125 of 137 Industries i Device Manager File Action view Help a my 5 EB ENTHEOGEM ay cam cam serial port emulators 3 Computer See Disk drives H z Display adapters 4 DYD CD ROM drives tg Human Interface Devices T L IDE ATAJATAPI controllers FH IEEE 1394 Bus host controllers H Keyboards F Mice and other pointing devices 9 Monitors L BB Network adapters N VIDIA Network Bus Enumerator Other devices ic Ports COM amp LPT od m Communicati
14. learn adafruit com monochron Page 60 of 137 Industries Now perhaps with help from a friend if this is difficult slide the front down onto the sides Adafruit https learn adafruit com monochron Page 61 of 137 Industries Once the front is in place grab a spacer with pliers and hold it between the case front and PCB while you feed in a machine screw to keep it in place Adafruit https learn adafruit com monochron Page 62 of 137 Industries Thread it in a little so it grabs the display PCB Adafruit https learn adafruit com monochron Page 63 of 137 Industries Annoyingly the display has holes that are just a tiny bit too small for 4 40s so you may find theres some resistance to screwing the front on Just don t keep pushing hard after the screw gets to be flush with the front If the back screws are in the way undo them a little at a time If the standoff starts to come away hold it with your thumb and rotate it so it sits flush Adafruit https learn adafruit com monochron Page 64 of 137 Industries Once the screw is sitting flush stop Dont force it or the acrylic could crack Adafruit https learn adafruit com monochron Page 65 of 137 Industries Repeat x 4 Undo the back screws after you re done Adafruit https learn adafruit com monochron Page 66 of 137 Industries Bottom Now carefully turn the kit so that the battery is facing up If you hav
15. programmed onto the chip that allows the chip to re program itself An AVR programmer is more powerful you can really mess with anything on the chip and the entire 32K of memory is available Using the bootloader is safer there s no way to mess with the fuse settings which could brick the chip but you only get 30K of memory since 2K is used by the bootloader Not a big deal but if you are making some massive clock which requires tons of flash space you may need it For a lot more information about AVR programmers and bootloaders strongly recommend reading this short article http adafru it al4 Note that to program an AVR you need an AVR programmer but to upload using the bootloader you need a computer serial connection such as an FTDI cable Unfortunately they are not the same device so unless you have both you should pick one to start with If youre not a microcontroller wiz suggest going with the bootloader FTDI method It s as fast or faster allows you to debug as well and there s virtually no way to damage brick the chip by messing with the fuses If you re familiar with microcontroller programming and you have a programmer then feel free to go that direction Installing programming software The first thing you must do no matter which way you go is to install the software for communicating with the monochron Unless you ve already done some microcontroller hacking you should install the AVR development system on
16. 106 of 137 Industries Adafruit Industries https learn adafruit com monochron Page 107 of 137 if Once you re done you can slip the bottom in by pulling gently onthe acrylic sides to pop it in Adafruit https learn adafruit com monochron Page 108 of 137 Industries Adafruit Industries https learn adafruit com monochron Page 109 of 137 Attach the back screws and you re done Adafruit https learn adafruit com monochron Page 110 of 137 Industries MONOCHRONE is a registered trademark of Adafruit Industries Adafruit https learn adafruit com monochron Page 111 of 137 Industries Clocks Other firmwares The MONOCHRON was explicitly designed to allow users to create their own firmware for the clock using our code design Here are some firmware clocks you can check out right now To update the firmware on your clock you ll need either an AVR programmer such as a USBtinylSP http adafru it dNM or STK500 or AVRISP etc or an FT DI cable http adafru it dNN which allows you to upload via the onboard bootloader To do so first download the firmware click on Download Source in GitHub Then install an AVR toolchain http adafru it C1l Then go to the firmware directory using a terminal such as the DOS command line Terminal for MacOS X or xterm and type in make to build the hex Attach the programmer to tbe back of the kit via the 6 pin cable so that the re
17. a Zal L re i FI HP ais TT eim LIT TEE desse a a L M M M M H M H LIONS LLL OL LOL RR m LII a LIII a E E L R s a Bu MET TA CEE E EE SE S E EE e9242929258292 84 R RRR 9060 6 0 0 E L A LOL LLENO FILI aua FI i P TT Adafruit Industries LION E E DIN vene sesam ec ee eee oe oe oe sss asss one e eee ee 2 ft III E M LIS EN l res i a i 4 either way https learn adafruit com monochron Place the piezo beeper SPK This is the alarm noise maker It is non polarized and can go in Page 43 of 137 Now it is time to insert the processor chip Carefully remove it from the packaging You ll have to bend the pins in a little to make them fit nicely into the socket grab both ends and rock the pins against a tabletop The image shows a smaller chip but the idea is the same Once the legs are parallel locate the U shaped notch in one end Make sure that this end goes into the notched end indicated on the silkscreen and hopefully the socket as well Double check the chip is in right Now making sure that all the legs are lined up and not bent or twisted press the chip into the socket It should seat itself easily without a lot of force Now it s time for another test Clear off your table and plug in the power supply You should hear repeating double beeps If you aren t getting beeps check the power supply are you getting 5V still
18. have to hold the cable so that you end up pressing the header at an angle against the socket this way you will make contact without having to do any soldering Adafruit https learn adafruit com monochron Page 131 of 137 Industries OK with your other hand hit the return key Nothing will happen for a bit and then you should see something like the following I aurdude c arduino F CONSH p m328p b 57688 avrdude AUR device initialized and ready to accept instructions Reading HHBHHTHIEHEHEHEHEBIEHB EUER I TE HEB T BH DBHHEBHHEHHEHBHIDGPHHHHHEHHH i 1887 H B2s aurdude Device signature Hxl1e 75Hf aurdude safemode Fuses OK laurdude done Thank you Cis if you get something like Adafruit https learn adafruit com monochron Page 132 of 137 Industries U CAWINDOWSsystem32 cmd exe C bavrdude c arduino P COMN3 p m328p b 57600 laurdude stkSh _getsynct not in sync resp HxBH aurdude done Thank you Check that you have the cable in properly and you re holding it right Then press the up arrow and return to try again The most important part is that you will see AVR device initialized a bar of s and then text that says Device signature and Fuses OK This means you ve successfully talked to the bootloader Yay Go have a cup of your favorite drink If you re having problems go back to the previous step and try to get the clock to reset If you re having problems still
19. low it could damage your kit you should not continue Once you are done unplug the power supply and put away the meter Now we will solder in the two electrolytic Capacitors C2and C4 C2 is the 47uF 25V electrolytic capacitor This Capacitor smooths out any large ripples in B power coming into the kit Electrolytic capacitors are polarized which means they must be placed correctly or they won t work at E all If you look at the capacitor you ll notice one leg is longer than the other this is the positive 1 lead Make sure this lead goes into the pad silkscreened with a See left for how to place the capacitor t AM Page 39 of 137 Bend C2 down so that it doesn t stick up so much Next is C4 a 100uF 6 3V electrolytic which is the capacitor which helps reduce noise on the regulated 5V supply It is electrolytic so make uis sure it s placed correctly L E ka odt L mn amp b s 9 amp sa a L b d kf L toeooeeeeeeeeaea gal lelelelelelgleleleleleleye m m Emm gt RRR 4 4 49 AAR RR arco 6 o 3 Ta 6406468640 8 HH H H H eS Adafruit l https learn adafruit com monochron Page 40 of 137 Industries Once the electrolytic capacitors are placed correctly bend out the leads and solder them i in place j Use the diagonal cutters to clip the leads short NEL M LAS
20. power is lost for years e European US 12 or 24 hour time display as well as date http adafru it c4q e Completely open source hardware all firmware layout and CAD files are yours to mess with http adafru it c4r e Plenty of space for mods a prototyping area for soldering stuff in Adafruit https learn adafruit com monochron Page 6 of 137 Industries Videos e Amanda w0z Wozniak http adafru it CAs designed the beautiful enclosure e Caitsith2 http adafru it dNU beta tested and submitted some great firmware mods e Buro Vormkijgers http adafru it c4u inspired people to relive the joy of their retro youth we are in no way associated with Buro Vormkijgers at the request of Sander Mulder on 4 10 2010 we ve included a link to his site here http adafru it c4v MONOCHRON is a registered trademark of Adafruit Industries Adafruit https learn adafruit com monochron Page 7 of 137 Industries FAQ Frequently Asked Questions My clock is acting odd It works then it freaks out Make sure you install the CR1220 coin cell battery the RTC chip needs it even if you don t use the battery backup How long will the battery run the clock for As long as the clock is plugged in the backup battery isn t used When unplugged the clock should keep time for many years 20mAh 500nA 4 5 years What is the current draw of the clock How much energy does this clock require to run We use a high effi
21. the Mods page http adafru it c4H MONOCHRON is a registered trademark of Adafruit Industries Adafruit https learn adafruit com monochron Page 135 of 137 Industries Forums Forums http adafru it forums Adafruit l https learn adafruit com monochron Page 136 of 137 Industries Buy Kit Buy Kit http adafru it 204 Adafruit Industries Last Updated 2014 08 06 04 30 28 PM EDT Page 137 of 137
22. to borrow or purchase them They are very very handy whenever assembling fixing modifying electronic devices provide links to buy them but of course you should get them whereever is most convenient inexpensive Many of these parts are available in a place like Radio Shack or other higher quality DIY electronics stores Soldering iron Any entry level all in one soldering iron that you might find at your local hardware store should work As with most things in life you get what you pay for Upgrading to a higher end soldering iron setup like the Hakko FX 888 that we stock in our store http adafru it dyY will make soldering fun and easy Do not use a ColdHeat soldering iron They are not suitable for delicate electronics work and can damage the kit see here http adafru it aOo Click here to buy our entry level adjustable 30W 110V soldering iron http adafru it 180 Click here to upgrade to a Genuine Hakko FX 888 adjustable temperature soldering iron http adafru it dyY Adafruit https learn adafruit com monochron Page 16 of 137 Industries Solder You will want rosin core 60 40 solder Good solder is a good thing Bad solder leads to bridging and cold solder joints which can be tough to find Click here to buy a spool of leaded solder recommended for beginners http adafru it 145 Click here to buy a spool of lead free solder http adafru it 7 34 Adafruit
23. to figure out whats going on Switches Adafruit https learn adafruit com monochron Page 10 of 137 Industries C SW GT ND There are 2 sets of switches the configuration tactile buttons and the alarm switch The alarm switch is simply to indicate whether the alarm is on or off To Save a pin the indicator LED LED1 is connected directly to the switch paddle through a current limiting resistor R7 Since we don t have a lot of spare pins on the microcontroller we save 2 by having the pushbuttons connected totem pole style to the analog digital converter as each button is pressed the resistor divider made of R3 R6 changes and thus we can tell which switch has been pushed Note that we cant tell if more than one button is pressed in this application we dont need to so thats OK Display Adafruit https learn adafruit com monochron Page 11 of 137 Industries 4 VCC h Ti TOK GNO The main display is a monochrome KSO108 based LCD with 128x64 pixels two 64x64 pixel controllers It is a well known and documented display They are common in electronics shops and run at 5V The unfortunate thing about them is they re quite sluggish and so they need software optimization for any sort of animation This display has a parallel 8 bit interface and so it needs 8 bits for the port DBO 7 and then 2 chip select lines CSO and CS1 as well as an enable pin E read write select pin RW and command data pi
24. your computer For windows suggest WInAVR see here for my tutorial http adafru it al2 For Mac AVRMacPack http adafru it CAP seems to be the best choice see here for my tutorial http adafru it al2 For linux you ll have to do some package installing which depends a bit on your distro suggest googling for the best way for your distro or if you are willing to do it from scratch my tutorial will take you through step by step http adafru it c4Q Either way make sure that when you are done you can open up a command window or terminal and type in avrdude to get the following If you get a respose that avrdude isn t found or isn t recognized go back and make sure you installed the software properly according to the tutorials Adafruit https learn adafruit com monochron Page 116 of 137 Industries EIR TE Tp T Weage avrdude Loptions lt partno gt Required Specify AUR device lt haudrate gt Querride R5 232 baud rate amp hbitclock Specify JIRG STK5BBHBU2 bit clock period us gt G lt config File gt Specify location of configuration file programmer Specify programmer type Disable auto erase For flash memory xde lay ISP Clock Delay in microseconds lt port gt Specify connection port Override invalid signature check Perform a chip erase Perform RC oscillator calibration see AURASS gt Cnentypeririwivr lt c filename gt liformat Memory operation specification Multiple
25. 5 Set backlight brightness 95 Adjust 95 Mods 97 Modificating your kit for fun 97 What are the mods 97 Power cable 98 Neater power cord 98 The mod 98 Lets go 98 Clocks 112 Other firmwares 112 EmuChron 112 MultiChron 112 RATTChron 113 XDaliChron 113 SevenChron 113 IntruderChron 114 Updating 116 Updating your clock 116 AVR Programmer or FTDI cable 116 Installing programming software 116 Installing the FTDI driver 117 FIDI name and Set RTS on Close 124 Test 128 Uploading your favorite clock 133 Download 135 Download 135 Firmware amp PCB 135 Adafruit https learn adafruit com monochron Page 4 of 137 Industries Other firmwares 135 Forums Buy Kit 137 iaai https learn adafruit com monochron Page 5 of 137 Industries Overview Mono chromatic clock Overview The second clock kit from ladyada amp Adafruit Industries we present MONOCHRON We wanted to make a clock that was ultra hackable from adding a separate battery backed RTC to designing the enclosure so you could program the clock once its assembled e 128x64 http adafru it Cxx LCD KSO108 we special ordered the black and white display e ATmega328 processor we even stuck an arduino stk500 bootloader on there too e Laser cut enclosure in black acrylic http adafru it c4o e Beeping blinking alarm with 10 minute snooze http adafru it c4p e Battery backed up real time clock DS1307 http adafru it Con keeps time even when
26. 56 E NN MENMEN 8888800 Peeeeeeeeeesd bheeeee 4 4 6 9 825225 e eeaepaee ene es Adafruit l https learn adafruit com monochron Page 46 of 137 Industries Now you can do a test of the LED and switch if you d like Clear off your desk and power up the clock It will still beep but now you can flip the switch back and forth and see the LED turn on and off Once you are satisfied let s continue Adafruit Industries https learn adafruit com monochron Page 47 of 137 Now we will solder up the real time clock RTC circuit The RTC is what keeps time when the power is out it S a very very very low power microcontroller and crystal that will keep time for years on a tiny coin cell This way you can j mod your clock with ease and not have to reset it after power loss First melt a tiny bit of solder onto the center tab of the battery holder BAT This will make good contact with the battery Now place the 12mm coin battery holder Tack solder one side so it doesn t fall out when you flip over Now place the 8 pin socket watch the U tab EIE EI and 32 768 KHz watch crystal Q1 The socket k is to protect the chip and the crystal is the same as whats in your watch or clocks ot The crystal sits on top of a pad but don t solder IIT it to the pad Just let it chill out there sitting flat against the PCB Adafruit https learn adafruit com monochron Page 4
27. 7 Industries The trim pot on the side is used to adjust the contrast Plug in the kit and turn the pot with a small screwdriver until you see the animated display show up elen Te N 9 d t Nad 2D ah ies E i H E T T el P Ha Adafruit https learn adafruit com monochron Page 56 of 137 Industries Great Now that you have your kit up and running it s time to build the enclosure please go to the next step of the instructions http adafru it c4o 7 N He D t KM d N DT d l Kad la MONOCHRON is a registered trademark of Adafruit Industries Adafruit https learn adafruit com monochron Page 57 of 137 Industries Case It Enclosure assembly Case It In this step we ll take the assembled kit and case it up for display Prep You should have 6 pieces poke out any pieces of plastic so that they re clean For the speaker grille you can use a pen pencil tack paperclip Peel off the backings Adafruit https learn adafruit com monochron Page 58 of 137 Industries Sides and front The first part is a bit tricky but here is a good way to go about it Screw 4 screws from the back into the standoffs Dont go all the way this is just to keep the standoffs in place Adafruit https learn adafruit com monochron Page 59 of 137 Industries 1118189191144914 9 Put the sides on Make sure youve got them so the printing is on the outside Adafruit l https
28. 78 of 137 Industries There are three buttons MENU SET and for configuring the clock snoozing and displaying the date If the alarm is going off pressing a button will enter snooze mode Otherwise pressing SET or will display the date and then year instead of the time Pressing MENU will enter the configuration menu see below for full tutorial on each configuration Alarm The MONOCHRON can actas an alarm clock To turn on the alarm flip the switch on the right side of the clock When the LED is on the alarm is active when the LED is off the alarm is off easy to remember Adafruit https learn adafruit com monochron Page 79 of 137 Industries If the alarm is going off the piezo will beep loudly and the display will flash You can turn off the alarm by flipping the alarm switch on the side If you press a button that will put the clock into Snooze mode which will stop the beeping but keep flashing After 10 minutes the snooze will end and the alarm will continue to beep Contrast adjust There is a slot on the side of the clock to allow adjusting of the display use any screw driver to change the constrast to your liking You can also change the backlight brighness http adafru it c4D Adafruit https learn adafruit com monochron Page 80 of 137 Industries Configuring the clock e Alarm set http adafru it c4p e Time set http adafru it CAE e Date set http adafru it c4q
29. 8 of 137 Industries KL R o Solder the socket and crystal then clip the LS NON NM OM ME OM MM ere crystal leads se M NE BIO 0 ee ENS OE ex 3 a am lae 66 eed ee irme sssesssesse m e a Jes gs js E had gt toh Adafruit https learn adafruit com monochron Page 49 of 137 Industries 7 Now that the RTC is done we will solder in the 3 Jo MONOCHRON S interface switches S1 S2 and S3 These are what allow you to set the time and alarm and date and all that great stuff They will snap into place try to get them as flat to the PCB as i T possible All the way to the right we will also solder in the 10K trimmer potentiometer TM1 which is used to set the contrast of the LCD It also sits flat against the PCB FS H Se HHR HH z Solder in the three switches checking they are sitting flat Then also solder and clip the trimmer pot d erster ehiaiitntiita NRR RN en Prenen a ae oe oe ENT RNN NRN RENE H tt e de des Ue s del 6 abl e I E EN EM NM EM NM EM EM E EE O ON ON E l l H a k a LJ E gt 6 T a2 O Pi LA M EN E EM EM EM amp M 6 amp LJ Adafruit l https learn adafruit com monochron Page 50 of 137 Industries Insert the DS1307 RTC chip into the socket Adafruit https learn adafruit com monochron Page 51 of 137 Industries Now we re
30. C power jack positive tip JL which feeds into our polarity protection diode D1 After that is two capacitors C1 and C2 to smooth out the input voltage Next are the 7805 http adafru it 1794 s We wanted to have the option of TO 220 1 amp or more if you have an EL backlit display or wanted to run something hefty or TO 92 100mA The kit comes with TO 92 as it only requires 50mA of current well within the limits of the smaller package C3 and C4 are stabilization and smoothing caps for the output of the regulator Real Time Clock Adafruit https learn adafruit com monochron Page 9 of 137 Industries Next we ll discuss the RTC real time clock chip We are using the DS1307 http adafru it CwB which is a 8 DIP clock with battery backup Normally the clock runs off of the 5v supply If the supply dies say because of power loss the chip switches to the CR1220 battery which can run it for many years The RTC requires a 32 768KHz 12 5pF crystal Q1 to keep time To communicate with the main chip i2c is used I2c is a 2 wire protocol that uses open drain transistors to communicate thus we have R8 and R9 which are the two pull up resistors for the open drain inputs SQW is a square wvae output that we do not use Note that the RTC will act erratically if the battery is not placed If you are absolutely sure you don t want battery backup stick some tinfoil in the battery holder Otherwise i2c will hang and it will be a real pain
31. H i TOA H Hzs lau rdude EMITTE TH ER ELMAR E1513 avrdude NOTE FLASH memory has heen specified an erase cycle will be performed To disable this feature specify the D option laurdude erasing chip avrdude reading input file monochron hex laurdude input file monochron hex auto detected as Intel Hex laurdude writing Flash 23956 bytes ODRURRUPDEEE CUPUPDPPEPUPPUEPUPDEPPUEPUDEPUPEPPPPDUPPUPPEPUEPPUEPUEPITTI iBH 12 885 avrdude 23956 bytes of Flash written lavrdude verifying Flash memory against monochron hex gt load data Flash data From input File monoc hron hex es input file monochron hex auto detected as Intel Hex input File monochron hex contains 23956 bytes reading on chip flash data Reading s SEREEN HEEE HHA IT TETTE AEE 180 18H 11s laurdude verifying 23956 bytes of Flash verified safemode Fuses OK lavrdude done Thank you Thats it Now every time you want to reprogram the clock you only have to follow this step MONOCHRON is a registered trademark of Adafruit Industries Adafruit https learn adafruit com monochron Page 134 of 137 Industries Download Download Firmware amp PCB You can grab everything over at GitHub http adafru it CAR including CAD files firmware http adafru it CAS PCB http adafru it CAT files etc The firmware is GPL and the CAD amp PCB files are CC Attrib amp Share Alike Other firmwares More clock firmwares are available at
32. I and ISP hints are showing or not Adafruit https learn adafruit com monochron Page 73 of 137 Industries Finally with a flathead screwdriver or similar gently gently pry the back piece up while pushing it so that it snaps into place Don t pry too hard just enough to get the piece on Adafruit https learn adafruit com monochron Page 74 of 137 Industries Screw on the 4 remaining bolts to keep the kit together Don t overtighten just tighen until the screws wont come loose Adafruit https learn adafruit com monochron Page 75 of 137 Industries MONOCHRONE is a registered trademark of Adafruit Industries Adafruit https learn adafruit com monochron Page 76 of 137 Industries Use it User manual Time display This video is short but sweet showing the display animation and how the time changes Date display Pressing SET or will temporarily display the date Feb 19 looks like this in US mode And like this in EU mode Adafruit https learn adafruit com monochron Page 77 of 137 Industries Next the clock will display the full year Power The clock has a 2 1mm DC positive tip jack for power Inside is a 7805 regulator so you can input 7 18VDC we suggest 9VDC There is a DC blocking diode so you shouldn t be able to damage the kit with a bad power supply unless its 20VDC or something Buttons Adafruit https learn adafruit com monochron Page
33. Yr adafruit learning system Monochron Guide Contents Guide Contents Overview Mono chromatic clock Overview Videos FAQ Frequently Asked Questions My clock is acting odd It works then it freaks out coo oo OO OO N o DO WD N How long will the battery run the clock for What is the current draw of the clock How much energy does this clock require to run How can reprogram the kit 88 What kind of display does it use 8 Can l use a different display 8 Design 9 Design documetns 9 Overview 9 Power supply 9 Real Time Clock 9 Switches 10 Display 11 Microcontroller 13 Firmware 13 Make tt 15 Make tt 15 Make your kit 15 Preparation 16 Prepare to qualify 16 Prep 16 Tools 16 Parts list 21 buic https learn adafruit com monochron Page 2 of 137 Industries Parts list 21 Bill of Materials 21 oolder it 25 Assembly instructions 25 Case it 58 Enclosure assembly 58 Case it 58 Prep 58 Sides and front 99 Bottom 67 Top 70 Back 73 Use it 7 User manual 77 Time display 77 Date display 77 Power 78 Buttons 78 Alarm 79 Contrast adjust 80 Configuring the clock 81 Alarm 82 Alarm set 82 Turning the Alarm on off 82 Alarm amp snoozing 82 Setting the alarm time 82 Time 86 Setting the time 86 Set time 86 Date 88 setting the date 88 Save the date 88 Adafruit https learn adafruit com monochron Page 3 of 137 Industries Region 21 oet region 91 Regioning 91 Backlight 9
34. afruit com monochron Page 83 of 137 Industries l ii AD Dr n m HO behe at en serge i Serent a 21 x g MIN EAS T uu ct U H I L E L a e a L mE ro Ked J TIR F ML pt Press to increment the minutes Adafruit Industries https learn adafruit com monochron d LEV maake EN n oe dl LEE dew T RE m mm AL AN r TL EL LD Page 84 of 137 EEn E LE E mL i m 2 ion Meru Ze l AD IU U eee T an Leal Eg men TIT rs M m an ala a s c T Lu bt A When you re done press SET to save your changes MONOCHRON is a registered trademark of Adafruit Industries Adafruit https learn adafruit com monochron Page 85 of 137 Industries Time Setting the time Set time We ll now set the time you can change the 12 24 hour mode now In this example we ll have 12hr mode but of course 24 hour is the same except that theres no A P notation Press MENU to enter the configuration menu Press MENU again to advance to Set Time enn L h L Ee HN 9 ey amen E d E d ES dT AE L UN EN De Pe kd TIME E Z UU mi fit ae ai rd Kd TU m 2 ad S Se EE KE ie ip in Art iri Tr 05 an L Press SET to start setting the time Press to increment the hours When you re done press SET to advance
35. arn adafruit com monochron Page 27 of 137 Industries ma Using your diagonal cutters cut off the long leads just above the solder joint E You should have nice shiny solder points that are rounded and fill the entire pad en E M M p LE tt IL E NM M JE I 2 NN NE E NNI seas es N if i j eee ae Adafruit https learn adafruit com monochron Page 28 of 137 Industries Now we will continue by placing the remaining 5 1K resistors Place R3 R4 R5 and R6 These resistors E make up a multiplexed button reading circuit fa that allows the chip to listen to 3 buttons using s only one analog pin E pelle ee E Sey i x in el a L ret ie E E f Ti T L ed IU LN LEA de M hr L gt ee E y LA rx L ri as ie 1 Ft I a TENEN EE LLL amp amp eee amp 4 o4 i bse ec cP ec eR aca Place R7 this is the current limiting resistor for LED1 the alarm indicator eet et ee se ee e K e C r ML LL LOI EN 2 E 5 1j LL NL M M M EF TF TS B RE EN Nr 1011 2 LE E NE M M M DL M M M tet 2 2071201 1 RR RAR RER htt E M cl LE EI OE MINI II he ft 2 EM EM M M EM RE E Z1 10g at Ss a Adafruit l https learn adafruit com monochron Page 29 of 137 Industries Flip over and solder the resistors just like M before making sure to heat each joint and fill it with solde
36. ciency white LED backlight display so the whole clock only uses about 50mA at 5V Likewise the power supply we provide is a nice switching supply which means it runs at 8096 efficiency or higher So total power usage for the clock is under a half Watt How can reprogram the kit Check out this detailed tutorial http adafru it c4w What kind of display does It use The MONOCHRON is designed to use a KS0108 LCD these are monochrome displays that are very very well documented and understood They re very popular for hobbyist use Can use a different display The clock is designed to control a monochrom KS0108 display Note that these displays come in two flavors of pinouts you ll want one that is equivalent to our stock KS0108 LCD http adafru it 188 So you can plug in any KS0108 display with the same pinout and it will Just Work It s possible to use a different kind of display like a SED1330 but note that it won t just work you ll need to write some code and possibly rewire it MONOCHRON is a registered trademark of Adafruit Industries Adafruit https learn adafruit com monochron Page 8 of 137 Industries Design Design documetns Overview Here is a rough overview of how the kit is designed to work Click here for the full schematic http adafru it cxy http adafru it cxy Power supply Power Supply Juv C2 TOUS T L 7 _ The power supply is very simple We have a D
37. com monochron Page 122 of 137 Industries Browse to the same folder again Found New Hardware Wizard Browse For Folder Please choose your sec Search for the best Use the check boxe paths and removable Lo My Documents E My Computer a My Network Places Search remo O arduino oude thas la COM 2 02 04 WHOL Certified lj amd 4 C i388 7 utils C3 Don t search will c Choose this option to To view any subfolders click a plus sign above the driver vou choos b P d And it should complete successfully Adafruit https learn adafruit com monochron Page 123 of 137 Industries Found Mew Hardware Wizard Completing the Found New Hardware Wizard The wizard has finished installing the software Far gt USB Serial Port The hardware vou installed wall not work until you restart Your computer Click Finish to close the wizard EEKE lt Back if Fish Cancel You may need to reboot the computer J Found New Hardware IX Your new hardware is installed but might nok work properly until vau reboot FTDI name and Set RTS on Close OK now we will verify that the driver installed properly Under Mac in the Terminal window type in Is dev cu which should give the following responses or so Adafruit https learn adafruit com monochron Page 124 of 137 Industries aaa Terminal bash 80x16 Last login Sat Sep 15 18 45 14 on ttvpi
38. d wire is at the top You can use the left over 6 pin connector and just press fit it tilting a little to make good contact If you have a USBtinyISP you can then just type in make program and hit return If you have another AVR programmer edit the makefile to change the programmer and port to whatever you ve got EmuChron If you re interested in developing clocks for monochron here s an emulator that you can use on Debian Linux for fast development https github com tceulema Emuchron http adafru it dO1 There s also a fresh version of the firmware much cleaned up and easier to develop with than my code MultiChron Like all of the clocks shown Try the MULTICHRON Comes with 6 clocks and 3 modes by Dataman http adafru it dNV Version 1 1 Is our current release e RATTChron Retro Acrade Tabel Tennis e IntruderChron Retro Space Intruder Game e SevenChron Seven Segment LCD Display e XDaliChron XWindows DaliClock e TSChron Times Square Chron Like the Big Clock in Times Square e About Screen Retro Star Wars looking credits e GPS Setup MODERN GPS Configuration and Debug dialog Setup Info Here http adafru it c4 e Random Mode Choosed a different clock randomly each time the display is started e Rotate Mode Rotates through a new clock every 15 minutes Adafruit https learn adafruit com monochron Page 112 of 137 Industries Download the source from Github http adafru it c 4k RATTChron
39. double check everything and email support adafruit com if you need replacements Image Name Bt IC2 IC3 LED1 D1 Adafruit Industries Part amp Information Description Qty Microcontroller preprogrammed with firmware when purchased in a kit ATmega328P 20PU 1 7805 TO 220 package or 78L05 TO 92 78L05 1 5V regulator Real time clock DS1307 1 32 768 KHz 12 5 pF Generic 32 768KHz 1 watch crystal crystal Green or red 3mm 3mm indicator LED 1 LED Power diode 1NA4001 1 https learn adafruit com monochron Page 21 of 137 C2 So c4 C1 C3 C5 R2 R1 R3 R4 R5 R6 R7 R8 R9 TM1 11 IC1 Adafruit Electrolytic capacitor 47uF 25V Generic or higher 100uF 6 3V capacitor Generic or higher Bypass capacitor Generic O luF 100 ohm resistor Brown Black Brown Generic Gold 1 AW 596 1 0K resistor Brown Black Red Gold SEHE 1 AW 596 2 2K resistor Red Red Red Gold np LOK trim potentiometer 6mm Side adjust 2 1mm Power Jack CUI PJ 202AH 28 pin socket 28 pin socket https learn adafruit com monochron Industries Page 22 of 137 Adafruit Industries IC1 ICSP LCD 8 pin socket 6 pin header 0 1 x0 1 spacing DO NOT SOLDER THIS IN 20 pin female header Straight male header DO NOT SOLDER LCD amp FTDI SWI THIS INTO THE FTDI PORT Right angle SPDT switch Righ
40. e 12 ae e e ak P a a C 4 Li EE T Mw aed I r z m L F An NEM DENN ml T ata oo R ma er re J I Adafrui Ben https learn adafruit com monochron Page 25 of 137 Industries en i A I eme HL S gg a rl F E x Lg X EE 4 PE 1 i ien eres 1 m s 1 cope pee mw Y T TE 71 OK Lets start First thing we will solder in is the resistor R1 which has a 1Kohm value You can tell which one this is because it has Brown Black Red Gold stripes on it Bend this resistor into a staple as shown Then slip it into the spot in the lower middle right over the matching silkscreen that is labeled R1 Resistors are not polarized so you can place them either way and they work the same The resistor should sit right up against the PCB This resistor is used to allow the microcontroller to be programed with an In System Programmer while the LCD is connected they share a pin https learn adafruit com monochron Page 26 of 137 T E S TTI Bend the leads out of the staple so it holds the part in place and flip over the PCB B ee B Using your soldering iron tip press and heat 3 both the pad the silver ring around the hole and lead wire at the same time for 2 or 3 seconds Then poke the end of the solder in to create a nice solder joint Do this for both leads eee eee eeen L E E IIT tpn ca ca oe NE EN e X cl 1 m E E E S EM E Adafruit https le
41. en t inserted the battery do so now the clock requires the battery to function Gently pull the two sides out so that you can slide in the bottom piece and have it held in place by the notches on the side The bottom piece is symmetric but we would appreciate it if you put the side with the name of the kit on the outside Adafruit https learn adafruit com monochron Page 67 of 137 Industries a ti AARAA DE mw alL ka s pen ER k LLL Lett Page 68 of 137 https learn adafruit com monochron Adafruit Industries Adafruit Industries https learn adafruit com monochron Page 69 of 137 pus 2 844 T f 1 HN NNT nan 7 E KL I i Fi i T k E me m E i a KNN Y zd 4 11 1 E D D D M k Top Now carefully turn the kit over to the top Gently pull the two sides out so that you can slide in the bottom piece and have it held in place by the notches on the side The piece is symmetric but make sure the third tab is sticking out Adafruit https learn adafruit com monochron Page 70 of 137 Industries 6 66888 ST KT LS a ux 600 Adafruit https learn adafruit com monochron Industries Page 71 of 137 Adafruit Industries https learn adafruit com monochron Page 72 of 137 tN TFN N N RY NYI SY Y Y T Back Finally slide the back piece on You can flip it so that the FTD
42. ere and the use R2 slot Adafruit l https learn adafruit com monochron Page 32 of 137 Industries Adafruit Industries UR NP f REPE LE M a6 LAE EE S Ld L k k LEE NE OE H MES LM ee a Ld J UE F LES E LIE NJ p P We ri F LIE EE ML M Ph E EM LE EM E EE d er LJ ON 3 E E E E EE JE E IU ON NM EN EN EM E X LIUM M MN E M1 M SS LA NE E M M ON EM MN LI E de d 4m Pit I M M M M LE M M E M M NI JX R AI EM M ON EN X ie P LAS ON MN M E M M M B Don t forget to use R2 not R2 Ww Then clip them short https learn adafruit com monochron E Flip over the PCB and solder in the resistors Page 33 of 137 Sme 17 Emm Now that we are done with the resistors it s itdi Dist ti mi les l ee timc to solder in the ceramic capacitors nen RO R REE ur i RR Capacitors are used to smooth out power Oo w la aA supply ripples and also to block DC voltages ec T ee IA C1 is the input 9V filter capacitor C3 is the C eee ee eee ee H r e ee ale 2 2 output 5V filter capacitor C5 is used to LAN EN OE E E h the DC reset pin and turns it into a Bus s EN Ceramic capacitors like resistors are not polarized so they can go in either way LLLI Flip over the board and solder in the 3 ceramic d Capacitors Then clip the leads not shown
43. ider The configure menu system is all in config c it s basically a state machine you shouldn t have to modify anything there The real drawing and any display logic code happens in anim c step is called every TICK milliseconds and the microcontroller does the work of figuring out where the ball is heading and then whether each stick should attempt to hit it or miss it depending on whether the time changed If you want to design a clock display you would pretty much just want to edit anim c and have the init and step code change MONOCHRON is a registered trademark of Adafruit Industries Adafruit https learn adafruit com monochron Page 14 of 137 Industries Make It Make It Make your kit This is avery easy kit to make just go through each of these steps to build the kit 1 Tools and preparation http adafru it c4A 2 Check the parts list http adafru it c4B 3 Solder it http adafru it CAC 4 Case it http adafru it c40 MONOCHRON is a registered trademark of Adafruit Industries Adafruit https learn adafruit com monochron Page 15 of 137 Industries Preparation Prepare to qualify Prep Learn how to solder with tons of tutorials http adafru it aTk Don t forget to learn how to use your multimeter too http adafru it aZZ Tools There are a few tools that are required for assembly None of these tools are included If you don t have them now would be a good time
44. n RS VO is the contrast pin and must be connected to a 10K pot tied between ground and VEE which is a negative voltage generated by the LCD The backlight of the display is an LED anode is A cathode is K and is connected to ground We use a 100 ohm 5V 3 4Vf 20mA 80 ohms or so resistor R2 to se the brightness If the resistor is placed in slot R2 we save a pin but cannot adjust the brightness if R2 is used the backlight is connected to a PWM output of the micro which allows us to control the brightness in the configuration Adafruit l https learn adafruit com monochron Page 12 of 137 Industries Microcontroller oP 1 aa N SPEAKERIPS 12 GNO a l Pce RESETIPCH 4 PCIBIADCO PCD T Cp 322 neh Es Eh z 1 i S 25 WTE HES Olen orc Cee ET UE AR PCHTIAADC3PC3 S s Vi PENE AVCC PCM 4ADCAISDAPCA ALA WEC PCH 3IADCS SCL PCS ALARM SW PRBEXTALITOSC1 P CIB CD ES pay ATALATOSCUPCIT 2n E PCHGIRXDIPDO AED oe PEIA TTY DPD 3 L E GND PCH SiN TOPO a PCI 9ANT1 0C2B PD3 L En PcI20CKITOPD4 2 Ed YCC PCI21 T1000 O0B PD5 13 mE PCI2Z AINDOCOAPDB TS EG PCI23 AINT PD7 14 IBI e PCID ICPICLKO PBO i r A150 7 PCIE AOC SPD AT MEAT pg 20H PCI2 BS OC1B PB2 PCISIMOSTOCZAIPES T O AAA PCIA MISO PB4 T IK PCIS SCK PB5 S Finally we get to the microcontroller The microcontroller does not have a crystal we ll be running it using the internal 8MHz oscillator which is go
45. od enough this frees up two pins R1 is used because otherwise the LCD output on that pin conflicts with programming MISO and SCK go into an input pin on the LCD Because of the massive of pins the display requires the only free pins are RX TX and PCI PD3 is free if you solder R2 into the hardwired slot see above If you d like to connect something to the i2c bus there are already pull ups on there If you really need an extra pin LCD CS1 is always the invertion of LCD CSO so you can use a transistor and a pullup to create a not gate and the use either PCO or PD2 Firmware The firmware uses Pascal Stang s great AVR libraries The i2c c and i2c h files which are Adafruit https learn adafruit com monochron Page 13 of 137 Industries used to access the RTC and ks01068 files are from that project There were a few bugs and sluggish things about the KS0108 library so we made a few modifications to allow inverted drawing fast rectangle blitting instead of setting one pixel at a time etc The KS0108 library can draw basic shapes and best of all has a 5x7 font so you can easily print text on the screen The clock core code is in ratt c that s where the stuff that deals with setting and updating the time snooze talking to the RTC beeping the piezo and running the main loop that animates the display Button debouncing and interface code is in buttons c The ADC runs constantly to look for changes in the resistor div
46. of 137 Industries that contains the driver you downloaded Select the folder and click OK Found New Hardware Wizard Browse For Folder Please choose your sec Search for the best Use the check boxe paths and removable L4 My Documents E My Computer a My Network Places Search remo 1 arduino oude thas la COM 2 02 04 WHOL Certified lj amd 4 C i388 7 utils C3 Don t search will c Choose this option to To view any subfolders click a plus sign above the driver vou choos b P d It should copy some files and then come up with this window Click Finish Adafruit https learn adafruit com monochron Page 121 of 137 Industries Found Mew Hardware Wizard Completing the Found New Hardware Wizard The wizard has Finished installing the software Far USB Serial Converter The hardware vou installed wall not work until you restart Your computer Click Finish to close the wizard Cancel Almost immediately another window will pop up this time it willsay USB Serial Port As before click Install from a list or specific location Found New Hardware Wizard This wizard helps you install oftware Far USB Serial Port Ce If your hardware came with an installation CD cag or floppy disk insert it now What do you want the wizard to do CO Install the software automatically Recommended Click Hest to continue ETE NITE Adafruit https learn adafruit
47. ons Port COMI ow Sv Printer Port LPT1 USB Serial Pork CO3 Processors Hej SBP IEEE 1394 Devices 4 Sound video and game controllers Storage volumes System devices H z Universal Serial Bus controllers Look for an entry under Ports COM amp LPT that says USB Serial Port COM the COM number may vary but it should be something like CO M3 or COM4 the COM number may be as high as COM99 so just look for the USB serial port The COM stands for communication and each one has a unique number known as the COM Port number In this case the COM Port number is COM3 If you don t see the COM port verify the cable is plugged in and check that you installed the VCP FTDI driver Then right click and select Properties Adafruit https learn adafruit com monochron Page 126 of 137 Industries USB Serial Port COM 51 Properties General Port Settings Driver Bits per second Data bits Parity Stop bits Flow control Restore D efaults Click onthe Port Settings tab and click on Advanced Adafruit https learn adafruit com monochron Page 127 of 137 Industries Advanced Settings for COM 30 COM Port Number COPaO Ww USE Transfer Sizes Select lower settings bo correct performance problems at low baud rates Defaults Select higher settings For Faster performance Receive Bytes 4096 Transmit Bytes 4096 w BM Options Miscellaneous Options Select lower settings to c
48. onto the LCD part Find the 36 pin male header and 20 pin female header Use the 20 pin header to help you cut down the 36 pin down to 20 You can use diagonal cutters or pliers to break apart the header Adafruit https learn adafruit com monochron Page 52 of 137 Industries 8 Place the female header strip with the sockets up in the PCB H L L You may need to tape it so you can turn over the kit and solder it in place Solder a few pins and then see if you need to bend the header SO it s perpendicular eee aa LE E NE E E E E amp Ti is ig t a de da cal eee HHH GO eC OHO eeeeeeeaas b o5 bob ee eee o3 PERRE H AR E E E M M M alae gt ee ee oe NL RE IE IE IE Vi E L R1 ii i Adafruit https learn adafruit com monochron Page 53 of 137 Industries Once the female header is solidly in place slip the male header into the sockets so that the short pins stick up Then place the graphical LCD on top and solder h the pins You may want to stuff something d underneath the LCD so it is parallel to the PCB 20 A AD a A AA A P UA AA 1 Adafruit https learn adafruit com monochron Page 54 of 137 Industries Now insert the coin cell side goes up You must place the coin cell because otherwise the RTC will be erratic and the clock will act oddly Adafruit https learn adafruit com monochron Page 55 of 13
49. orrect response problems Serial Enumerator Serial Printer Latency Timer imsec Cancel IF Dower Off Timeouts Event On Surprise Removal Minimum Read Timeout imsec Minimum Write Timeout msec Disable Modem Ctrl At Startup Make sure Set RTS On Close is not selected Then click OK Whew OK now you are good to go for the next step Test Plug in your clock and verify it s working Next plug in the FTDI adapter if it s not plugged in yet Open up a command window Windows or terminal Mac Linux Unix and type in the following command dont hit return yet avrdude c arduino p m328p P b 57600 Where is something like COM3 or dev ttyUSBO Remember don t hit return yet Now look again at your FTDI cable or adapter If you have a cable you ll notice that one wire is Black Adafruit https learn adafruit com monochron Page 128 of 137 Industries Likewise on the adapters there will be text that says BLK or GND on one end Adafruit https learn adafruit com monochron Page 129 of 137 Industries Stick a piece of 6 pin header left over from the kit making into the socket so that the shorter pins stick out The latest kits come with an extra long header piece use that Adafruit https learn adafruit com monochron Page 130 of 137 Industries Now plug in the header so that it fits into the back of the clock so that the BLACK wire lines up with the text that says blk You will
50. post up in the forums Uploading your favorite clock Now that you have all that set up stuff ready you can get to the fun part Let s install SevenChron for example on our clock Go to the clock listing page http adafru it c4H and click on the link that says Code at Github then click Download Source and save the zip ortar file onto your computer Then uncompress it and find the file called monochron hex in the firmware subfolder and copy it to your home directory or to C if you re using Windows Back to your command window Go to the directory where the file is at If you re using windows type in and press return cd C For mac or linux cd Now we will issue the reprogramming command Type in the following don t press return For windows avrdude c arduino p m328p P b 57600 U flash Ww C imonochron hex Adafruit https learn adafruit com monochron Page 133 of 137 Industries For Mac Linux avrdude c arduino p m328p P b 57600 U flash w monochron hex Basically you can hit the up arrow twice and then type in U flash w monochron hex at the end This will write the flash with the new firmware file Press the FTDI adapter against the clock as before and hit return keep pressing against the cable for about 30 seconds until the entire process is complete d 9 Dek lavrdude AUR device initialized and ready to accept instructions Heading i HHHHHHHTHHHHHHHHTHHTHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHH
51. r completely a 2 ee E O Fg 4 K c P Adafruit https learn adafruit com monochron Page 30 of 137 Industries LE LE LES 7 L PN 1 2 L F 2 LEO M ea E LI ME rt 1M MM eS me m oa F ND NN NN E NS E I r 3 eg F o rek M NM de Pree 2 NM M EE 7 amp d het bh E NI M ed nh EN X E E NE ee E gg Nr L eik ree de E M 0 0 Bob OR 5 5o 6 4 3 thee SS E L ML NEP ed LIA EE EI OE P LZ NM EE EM EM ANTE Then clip all of the leads een NE EE EE NE k k NE 4t 4 t 4 kee ea NEESEM MEE E HMM Ee de F i i F dr L UE LN LE a i ed de tiitt Adafruit l https learn adafruit com monochron Page 31 of 137 Industries Next we will solder in last 3 resistors R8 and R9 are 2 2K red red red gold resistors that are used as i2c pull ups for the real time clock the datalines require pull up resistors 3e ONOCHRON R2 is a 100 ohm resistor brown black brown gold that sets the brightness for the LCD Please note This resistor can be soldered into R2 fixed brightness or R2 software controllable In these photos we soldered E them into R2 but we suggest you use ETET ETTEN R2 which will allow you to control the brightness easily it turned out the LCD backlights vary quite a bit from one to the other So please ignore the incorrect resistor location h
52. s to change it Adafrui ud https learn adafruit com monochron Page 92 of 137 Industries L E ho I iu mum 3 52 e E B S it ks a m E Beste iTi 9 FD DT m Tm Dak L D 1 C LL ani gr HER Jl jj nu nu T L 3 HEEE EMT E DINI TELL i i R p aaa ala aa EN denn B L 2 EE LA Li oie ET ta oe EE pe siasa B r UJ ls D PE T U 10 0 etn ge L T Che UT E Jule wd LETTERE pj 2 Oe aD DD iD D S Ce rbe Cb be rbe ra e Tm When you re happy press SET to save the changes Adafruit https learn adafruit com monochron Page 93 of 137 Industries EE ALL in ogee a m t Bam NH Lj t t E T R 1 UT Te H MONOCHRON is a registered trademark of Adafruit Industries Adafrui Ada Ga https learn adafruit com monochron Industries Page 94 of 137 Backlight Set backlight brightness Adjust For the kit we use an LED backlit display which means we can easily adjust the backlight brightness with PWM You must have the R2 resistor soldered into R2 slot for this to work so make sure you have that and if you can t seem to dim it double check To set the backlight brigness press the MENU button to enter the configuration menu Then press MENU fourtimes to get to Set Backlight U LD do ic on Me zin T e T NT I pt ahd T m
53. t OK so the regulator has a flat side and a round was s 3 side the three pins go in the pads and the outline on the silkscreen should match the shape of the regulator Page 37 of 137 and regulator Clip the leads not shown eve ee ee eee eR RK RSS LE LE E ze NS LE eb LEN 2 LIE S a d a Aa aad re reren rt ae ee stes A oe do ode ES oe we LJLE E EON ee E JU eee Ce eee ee eee e Adafruit https learn adafruit com monochron Page 38 of 137 Industries LI pus dm dme TI ARN j TTE A 4 E j A ra r v P T a eJ T T Adafruit Industries a D jni GOOGOOOOOOOOQQOQO K SD ss Em un ES oeeeeee ee OO ION tetes 6 6 6 6 6 4 ss L https learn adafruit com monochron Now we are ready to do our first test Clear off your table and make sure there are no wires or bits that could short out the PCB Place the PCB down and insert the power Supply plug into the jack all the way The jack should not move at all if you soldered it z enough Now using your multimeter in voltage dI mode measure between the two points shown a you can zoom by clicking on the picture You should get 4 9 to 5 1VDC J If you don t then stop check your work Make Sure your multimeter has a fresh battery in it and post in the forum if you can t get it to display 5V If the voltage is too high or
54. t angle tactile switch S1 S2 S3 SPK 8 35mm long actuator Piezo Speaker 12mm 3V lithium coin cell https learn adafruit com monochron 8 pin socket l 2X3 pin header 1 Generic 1 0 1 male header strip C amp K 1 OS102011MA1QN1 EVQ PFOO8K 3 PS1240P02AT 1 CR1220 1 Page 23 of 137 BATT LCD PCB STANDOFF SPACER ENCLOSURE 12mm coin cell holder Keystone 3001 KS0108 LCD Black with white backlight preferred amp is included in the kit Circuit board 1 2 4 40 round F F threaded aluminum standoff 3 8 plastic spacer 5 8 4 40 stainless steel machine screw 6 piece laser cut enclosure MONOCHRON is a registered trademark of Adafruit Industries Adafruit https learn adafruit com monochron Industries Page 24 of 137 Solder it Assembly instructions Here are the step by step instructions FT DI header or ISP header just want to remind you not to solder in the 6 pin Get ready by checking all your parts against the Bill of Materials parts list http adafru it c4B 3 Once you are sure you have everything 1 prepare your workspace by heating up the soldering iron wetting the sponge and arranging your tools and parts so they will be convenient L im a ET i i LAT AA deii FeFe i Se p a T E E oa m m 12 ira LI F S LL A L s L T E i i Demel lana H T em LC fN P l Lan Ls f ap TEF P ap X R F Ua 1 e m C
55. t for another project If you are using Mac or Linux the driver is already built in to the operating system handy Next up plug it into your computer If you are using Windows you may hear a sound from the computer and a little popup bubble in the bottom right corner of the screen that says Found New Hardware FT232R USB UART j Found New Hardware zm FTz32R USB UART Li P m PE 7 Of HL a Joss O47 PM After a few seconds the new hardware wizard will start Select No not this time and click Next Adafruit https learn adafruit com monochron Page 119 of 137 Industries Found Mew Hardware Wizard Welcome to the Found New Hardware Wizard Windows will search for current and updated software by looking on your computer on the hardware installation CD ar on the Windows Update Web site with your permission Read our privacy policy Can Windows connect to Windows Update ta search for saftware CO Yes this time only CO Yes now and every time connect a device Click Hest to continue This wizard helps you install software Far FT 2329 USB UART Ca 9 If your hardware came with an installation CD a or floppy disk insert it now What do you want the wizard to do CO Install the software automatically Recommended Click Hest to continue At the next screen make sure Include this location is selected and browse to the folder Adafruit https learn adafruit com monochron Page 120

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