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Users Manual for A/D board

1. wo ye oO 18 In the Digital Input Panel under Input bits observe the bit pattern Figure 6 30 shows the proper response e If the observed input bit patterns are not the same as shown in Figure 6 30 the digital I O is not functioning properly Stop here and return to the problem isolation step in Problem isolation Scheme F the board that asked you to perform the General purpose digital I O hardware test e If the input bit patterns are the same as shown in Figure 6 30 continue with step 19 KPCI 3108 Series User s Manual Troubleshooting 6 43 19 In the Digital Output Panel under Channels click on channel 1 as shown as shown in Figure 6 31 Figure 6 31 Configuring channel 1 for output bit pattern B KEITHLEY Digital Output Panel Channels 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 C HEHEHEHE H Output Bits 8 9 10 1i 12 13 14 15 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 Beeeeeee A B COCeBOBOG 20 In the Digital Output Panel under Output Bits set the bits of channel 1 for bit pattern B as shown in Figure 6 31 21 In the Digital Input Panel under Channels click on channel 4 as shown in Figure 6 32 Figure 6 32 Proper response of channel 4 bits when channel 1 output bits are set to bit pattern B KEITHLEY tC tS S CSNCN N C C NWTWTC C U igitail Input Panel_ Channels 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 luoUD D
2. Bit Output assign mode ment Description 0 OPO General purpose output bit target mode OPI General purpose output bit target mode OP2 General purpose output bit target mode OP3 General purpose output bit target mode OP4 General purpose output bit target mode OP5 Configurable as one of the following e TGOUT trigger out output e Pacer clock output e Counter timer C TO CT1 or CT2 output 1 OPO Frame sync OP1 Counter timer C TO output OP2 Counter timer C T1 output OP3 Counter timer C T2 output OP4 Pacer clock output OP5 Configurable as one of the following e TGOUT trigger out output e Pacer clock output e Counter timer C TO CT1 or CT2 output 2 OPO External address bit 0 for multiplexing of expansion accessory channels OP1 External address bit 1 for multiplexing of expansion accessory channels OP2 External address bit 2 for multiplexing of expansion accessory channels OP3 External address bit 3 for multiplexing of expansion accessory channels OP4 External gain bit for some expansion accessories e g EXP 1800 OP5 Configurable as one of the following e TGOUT trigger out output e Pacer clock output e Counter timer C TO CT1 or CT2 output Connector pin assignments for the multi function digital I O bits are summarized in Figure 3 2 Wiring to the multi function digital I O is discussed in Section 3 under Wiring digi
3. From Scheme A or new install 1 Try starting Analog I O Panel 2 Can you start panel then display KPCI 3108 driver number OK device number Scope Meter SST Level Control and DIO tabs 3 Did you arrive at this point after reconfiguring or reinstalling the DriverLINX board combination 3 Get Keithley help 4 Do configuration checks 5 Board fully installed and configured under DriverLINX Parts of DriverLINX may not be Y installed correctly 5 Board is listed in Device Manager under DriverLINX but is not fully configured 14 Doing Scheme B as installation check 14 Did you arrive at this point after reconfiguring or reinstalling the DriverLINX board Y combination Y DriverLINX and or DriverLINX and or Installation board installation or board installation or is OK configuration errors were not the problem so there may be configuration errors were likely the problem which apparently is application software fixed issues Go to Go to Return to Scheme C Scheme G install 6 10 Troubleshooting KPCI 3108 Series User s Manual Follow these amplified instructions as you perform Scheme B 1 Try starting the DriverLINX Analog I O Panel Proceed as follows a In the Start menu click Programs b Find the DriverLINX Test Panels folder under which you should find the AI
4. Setup Scope Meter SST Level Contol Dio uzh corresponding buttons to enable channel output Figure 4 5 The Analog I O Panel digital I O utility lt DriverLINX Analog 170 Panel ex File Help Digital lapst ETT Digital Output Panel Channel Configuration 1 z 5 Input Output KPCI 3108 Series User s Manual DriverLINX Test Panels 4 5 Starting the Analog I O Panel Start the DriverLINX Analog I O Panel as follows 1 In the Start menu click Programs 2 Find the DriverLINX Test Panels folder under which you should find the AIO Panel entry 3 Click on the AIO Panel entry The Analog I O Panel setup screen appears e If a KPCI 3108 board is the only board in your computer installed under DriverLINX only one item appears under Driver Selection The setup screen looks similar to Figure 4 6 e If more than one type of board is installed in your computer under DriverLINX the Ana log I O Panel may appear similar to Figure 4 6 but with multiple drivers listed under Driver Selection and multiple devices listed under Device Selection for example Device0 Device1 etc Your board type and device number may not be displayed ini tially and fewer tabs may be displayed at the top of the screen than in Figure 4 6 If so click the scroll buttons next to the Driver Selection and Device Selection text boxes until your KPCI 3108 board type and device number are displayed All six tabs
5. 3108 board via an STA 3108 A2 accessory Connecting an MB 02 signal conditioning channel expansion accessory to the KPCI 3108 board via an STA 3108 A3 accessory Table 3 13 summarizes general STP 36 STP 36 C or STA 3108 A Series screw terminals used to wire the multi function digital I O of the KPC 3108 board The assignments are ordered numerically according to the identically numbered pins of a KPCI 3108 upper Analog I O connector Table 3 13 Assignments and descriptions for multi function digital I O accessories Screw terminal Assignment Description 1 IP5 Multi function digital input bits user configurable for 2 IP3 e Counter timer timebase or gate inputs 3 IP1 e External pacer input for A D or D A conversion e External digital trigger e Target mode digital input 4 OPS Multi function digital output bits user configurable for 5 OP3 e Counter timer outputs 6 OP e Trigger output e Control and or addressing for EXP 1800 expansion accessories or MB 02 signal conditioning accessories e Pacer clock output e Target mode digital output 7 DGND Digital ground 19 IP4 Multi function digital input bits user configurable for 20 IP2 e Counter timer timebase or gate inputs 21 IPO e External pacer for A D or D A conversion e External digital trigger e Target mode digital input KPCI 3108 Series User s Manual Installation 3 39 Table 3 13 Assignments and descriptions
6. Common mode ground return connection required for differential inputs is not shown for simplicity 2 6 Functional Description KPCI 3108 Series User s Manual In Figure 2 2b the board connects differential channel 01 to the amplifier and A D converter as follows e The multiplexer at left and a solid state switch connect the high level voltage of the Channel 01 signal to the input high terminal of the instrumentation amplifier e Wiring connects the low level voltage of the Channel 01 signal to the analog ground terminal AGND e A solid state switch connects the analog ground terminal to the input low terminal of the instrumentation amplifier In Figure 2 2c the board connects differential channel 09 to the amplifier and A D converter as follows e The multiplexer at right and a solid state switch connect the high level voltage of the Channel 09 signal to the input high terminal of the instrumentation amplifier e Wiring connects the low level voltage of the Channel 09 signal to the analog ground terminal AGND e A solid state switch connects the analog ground terminal to the input low terminal of the instrumentation amplifier In a mode not shown in Figure 2 2 solid state switches short both amplifier inputs to ground NOTE The connection sequence shown in Figure 2 2 was selected for illustra tion purposes only Any channel can be connected at any point in the channel scan sequence For more information about channel sequ
7. Limitation of Liability KEITHLEY INSTRUMENTS SHALL IN NO EVENT REGARDLESS OF CAUSE ASSUME RESPONSIBILITY FOR OR BE LIABLE FOR 1 ECONOMICAL INCIDENTAL CONSEQUENTIAL INDIRECT SPECIAL PUNITIVE OR EXEMPLARY DAMAGES WHETHER CLAIMED UNDER CONTRACT TORT OR ANY OTHER LEGAL THEORY 2 LOSS OF OR DAMAGE TO THE CUSTOMER S DATA OR PROGRAM MING OR 3 PENALTIES OR PENALTY CLAUSES OF ANY DESCRIPTION OR INDEMNIFICATION OF THE CUSTOMER OR OTHERS FOR COSTS DAMAGES OR EXPENSES RELATED TO THE GOODS OR SERVICES PROVIDED UNDER THIS WARRANTY KEITHLEY Keithley Instruments Inc 28775 Aurora Road Cleveland OH 44139 440 248 0400 Fax 440 248 6168 http www keithley com BELGIUM Keithley Instruments B V Bergensesteenweg 709 e B 1600 Sint Pieters Leeuw 02 363 00 40 Fax 02 363 00 64 CHINA Keithley Instruments China Yuan Chen Xin Building Room 705 12 Yumin Road Dewai Madian Beijing 100029 8610 62022886 Fax 8610 62022892 FRANCE Keithley Instruments Sarl B P 60 3 all e des Garays 91122 Palaiseau C dex 01 64 53 20 20 Fax 01 60 11 77 26 GERMANY Keithley Instruments GmbH Landsberger Strasse 65 D 82110 Germering 089 84 93 07 40 Fax 089 84 93 07 34 GREAT BRITAIN Keithley Instruments Ltd The Minster 58 Portman Road Reading Berkshire RG30 1EA e 0118 9 57 56 66 Fax 0118 9 59 64 69 INDIA Keithley Instruments GmbH Flat 2B WILOCRISSA 14 Rest House Crescent Bangalore 560 001 91 80 509 1320 21
8. connector pins Using one of these accessories to interface a KPCI 3108 board to other accessories requires suitable cables Select the required cables using one of the following figure table combinations in Section 3 Figure 3 7 and Table 3 4 Figure 3 8 or Figure 3 9 and Table 3 6 Figure 3 10 and Table 3 8 or Figure 3 11 and Table 3 9 KPCI 3108 Series User s Manual Table 1 4 Overview 1 9 Cables used to interconnect the accessories Accessory CAB 1284CC Description IEEE 1284 Type C C shielded mini Centronics cable with 18 twisted pairs Connects a screw terminal accessory or an adapter screw terminal accessory to either the Analog or Digital KPCI 3108 I O connector as appropriate Also used to connect two STA 3108 A3 accessories together as part of a daisy chain CAB 50 1 C 16MB1 Ribbon cable 18 inches long with 50 pin headers on each end Connects an EXP 1800 accessory to an STA 3108 A1 accessory Also used to connect two EXP 1800 accessories together as part of a daisy chain Cable with a 37 pin female D type connector on one end and a 26 pin header connector on the other end Connects an MB 01 or MB 05 accessory to an STA 3108 A2 accessory C 1800 C 2600 Cable with a 37 pin female D type connector on each end Connects an STA MB accessory to an STA 3108 A2 accessory Ribbon cable 18 inch with a 26 pin header connector at each end and one in the middle not us
9. 10v to 10v range gain adjustment Ovto 5v range offset adjustment Ovto 5v range gain adjustment 5v to 5v range offset adjustment 5v to 5v range gain adjustment Ovto 10v range offset adjustment Troubleshooting 6 2 Troubleshooting KPCI 3108 Series User s Manual This chapter provides the following two approaches to troubleshooting e A list of general symptoms and possible solutions under Identifying symptoms and possible causes e A series of detailed systematic troubleshooting schemes and associated procedures under Systematic problem isolation If your KPCI 3108 board is not operating properly use the information in this chapter to isolate the problem before calling Keithley Applications Engineering If after completing the trouble shooting procedures you still need to contact an applications engineer refer to the Technical support section Identifying symptoms and possible causes You may be able to isolate the problem using Table 6 1 which lists general symptoms and pos sible solutions for KPCI 3108 board problems Table 6 1 Basic troubleshooting information Symptom Possible cause Possible cause validation solution Computer does not boot when board is installed Resource conflict KPCI 3108 board is conflicting with other boards in the system 1 Validate the cause of the conflict Temporarily unplug boards especially ISA board
10. Fax 91 80 509 1322 ITALY Keithley Instruments s r l Viale S Gimignano 38 20146 Milano 02 48 30 30 08 Fax 02 48 30 22 74 NETHERLANDS Keithley Instruments B V Postbus 559 4200 AN Gorinchem 0183 635333 Fax 0183 630821 SWITZERLAND Keithley Instruments SA Kriesbachstrasse 4 8600 D bendorf 01 821 94 44 Fax 01 820 30 81 6 99 TAIWAN Keithley Instruments Taiwan 1 FI 85 Po Ai Street Hsinchu Taiwan R O C 886 3572 9077 Fax 886 3572 9031 KPCI 3108 Series PCI Bus Data Acquisition Boards User s Manual Windows and WindowsNT are registered trademarks of Microsoft Corporation DriverLINxX is a registered trademark of Scientific Software Tools Inc 1999 Keithley Instruments Inc All rights reserved Cleveland Ohio U S A Second Printing August 1999 Document Number 98080 Rev B Manual Print History The print history shown below lists the printing dates of all Revisions and Addenda created for this manual The Revision Level letter increases alphabetically as the manual undergoes subsequent updates Addenda which are released between Revi sions contain important change information that the user should incorporate immediately into the manual Addenda are num bered sequentially When a new Revision is created all Addenda associated with the previous Revision of the manual are incorporated into the new Revision of the manual Each new Revision includes a revised copy of this print history page Revis
11. For clarity the systematic problem isolation procedure is divided into seven schemes each of which checks for eliminates and or resolves problem causes Each scheme consists of a flow chart and in most cases an amplified written procedure The numbers of flowchart blocks are keyed to the numbers of written steps For simplicity your problem is assumed to have only one cause One particular scheme may not alone isolate this cause Rather performance of several schemes in series may be required to analyze your problem One scheme may eliminate potential causes from further consideration then direct you to another scheme s that ultimately isolates the problem You need perform only those schemes to which you are directed If the cause of your problem appears to be outside the scope of the systematic isolation proce dure the procedure directs you to call Keithley for help 6 4 Troubleshooting KPCI 3108 Series User s Manual The seven problem isolation schemes are as follows e Scheme A checks for three basic system problems e Scheme B checks DriverLINX installation and board recognition by DriverLINX e Scheme C addresses application software issues e Scheme D addresses apparent expansion slot malfunctions and attempted remedies e Scheme E addresses potential external connection problems e Scheme F addresses apparently malfunctioning board s e Scheme G verifies that earlier schemes have found and addressed the p
12. KPCI 3108 Series User s Manual Glossary B 11 QRAM Queue RAM Onboard memory on a data acquisition board that holds information about the channel number and gain and sometimes other settings for each position in the channel gain queue See also Channel gain queue Range A continuous band of signal values that can be measured or sourced In bipolar instruments range includes positive and negative values Rated accuracy The limit that errors will not exceed when an instrument is used under specified operating conditions It is expressed as a percentage of input or output plus a number of counts See also Absolute accuracy Register A set of bits of high speed memory within a microprocessor or other electronic device used to hold data for a particular purpose Resolution The smallest increment of a signal that can be measured sourced or displayed Also called sen sitivity or minimum resolvable quantity For a digitized signal resolution is typically expressed in bits or digits By contrast sensitivity is expressed in engineering units Ringing in digital to analog converter A transient oscillation in the output of a Digital to Analog Converter DAC that follows an abrupt change in input analogous to the decaying vibrations of a clapped bell Susceptibility to ringing in a DAC is caused by excessive capacitance in the driven load rms or RMS See Root mean square rms Root mean square rms The rms value of an al
13. Level Contral BIO KEITHLEY Digital Input Panel Channels Cu RUNES s 4 5 e g F Input Bits S s B M das KEITHLEY Digital Output Panel Channels Output Bits EE 6 40 Troubleshooting NOTE Table 6 6 KPCI 3108 Series User s Manual The on screen digital I O controller works as follows Channel 0 refers to the twelve multi function digital I O bits These bits may be manipulated with the digital I O controller only when the multi function bits are configured as general purpose bits Channels 1 to 4 refer to the four 8 bit general purpose registers in the KPCI 3108 Bits displayed on the Digital Input Panel and the Digital Output Panel are numbered 0 7 for every channel instead of 0 7 for channel 0 8 15 for channel 1 16 23 for channel 2 and 24 31 for channel 3 as for the KPCI 3108 Digital I O connector Refer to Table 6 6 Bit numbering on Digital I O Panel vs Digital 1 O connector Channel 1 bit numbers Channel 2 bit numbers Channel 3 bit numbers Channel 4 bit numbers On I O At Digital At Digital On I O At Digital On I O At Digital panels connector connector panels connector panels connector 0 0 8 0 16 0 24 1 25 2 26 3 27 4 28 5 29 6 30 7 31 Invalid channels and settings appear as dark gray squares For example Non existent channels always appear as dark gray squares Inthe Digital I O Configuration P
14. See Figure 3 18 I O connector pin assignments and descriptions for AGND and DGND are provided in Figure 3 2 Figure 3 3 Table 3 1 and Table 3 2 3 36 Installation KPCI 3108 Series User s Manual Figure 3 18 Analog and digital ground path KPCI 3108 Board 1 O Connector Host Computer PCI Connector A KPCI 3108 board has two types of digital I O The lower Digital I O connector provides 32 high current general purpose bits The upper Analog I O connector provides twelve multi function TTL bits Following General wiring considerations for digital I O these two types of digital I O are discussed separately below General wiring considerations for digital 1 0 For all digital I O logic 1 on an I O line indicates that the input output is high greater than 2 0V logic 0 on an I O line indicates that the input output is low less than 0 8V The digital inputs are compatible with TTL level signals These inputs are provided with 10kQ pull up resistors connected to 5V therefore the inputs appear high logic 1 if no signal is connected External circuits must properly match the input requirements of the board Even though the dig ital inputs of your KPCI 3108 board are already equipped with 10kQ pull up resistors some applications may also require you to eliminate contact bounce at the input The effects of contact bounce may be eliminated by programming in your application software However
15. Test connections and readings for mid range analog output connected to Upper Analog W O COMMECION sesscsisseiceutd stossciatecucyscbene cusbivinvecsueessavasausdhocbat dupes AE EE EERTE Bit numbering on Digital I O Panel vs Digital I O connector Wiring for analog input software test ce seecsecseesseeecsecsseecsseceeeeceecsaesessecnecseeseesecaecaeessaecaseessesnaeeneats Connection terminals for analog output software test 0 0 cece cseeceeceseeeesecseceeeeeseceecaeeseeaesaeeesseenaeeeats Test connections and readings for zero voltage analog output 0 eee eee eteceeeeeeseceeteeeseaeeeeeeesaeseeeeeees Test connections and readings for mid range analog output 0 0 ee ce eeeeeeeeceeceeeeeseceeceeesesaeeeeeeeaenateeees 1 Overview 1 2 Overview Preface KPCI 3108 Series User s Manual This manual is provided for persons needing to understand the installation interface require ments functions and operation of the KPCI 3108 Series boards The KPCI 3108 provides two 16 bit analog outputs the KPCI 3107 does not provide analog outputs NOTE Unless noted otherwise in situations discussing analog outputs this manual refers to both models collectively as KPCI 3108 This manual focuses primarily on describing the KPCI 3 108 Series boards and their capabilities setting up the boards and their associated software making typical hookups and troubleshoot ing There are also sections that discuss calibration and sum
16. and floating signal sources and ground loops avoiding 3 31 and ground referenced signal sources 3 31 and high gains avoiding problems at and source impedance dependence 3 31 wiring signals to single ended inputs 3 29 Analog output hardware test 6 32 Analog output software test 6 46 Analog outputs calibration description feature noted hardware test initial value at power up reset software test 6 46 wiring Analog trigger definition descriptio Analog to digital converter calibrating 5 5 definition _B 2 multiplexing to _2 4 AND gate in de bounce circuit 3 36 Aperture delay definition B 2 Aperture jitter definition _B 2 Aperture time definition See Acquisition time defini tion Aperture uncertainty definition See Aperture jitter def inition definitio DriverLINX Application program LabVIEW description 3 3 TestPoint description 3 3 Application programming interface definitio DriverLINX 3 3 API Bandwidth analog input signals 2 9 and noise amplificatio Base address definition B 3 Bias current and differential input wiring 3 30 definition B 7 Bipolar input signal description 2 6 signal range definition B 3 Block diagram KPCI 3108 board 2 2 Board connecting interface accessories 3 12 grounding during handling to protect 3 6 handling 3 6 installing 3 5 returning to Keithley 6 55 systematic problem iso
17. it is often desirable to eliminate contact bounce from the signal using a de bounce circuit between the contacts and the KPCI 3108 input Figure 3 19 shows a typical de bounce circuit that can be used with Form C contacts Figure 3 19 Contact de bounce circuit 5V To Digital Input of a KPCI 3108 Board Digital Common TTL GND Compatible AND Gate KPCI 3108 Series User s Manual Installation 3 37 Wiring general purpose digital 1 O signals The lower Digital I O connector provides 32 bits of high current I O 15 mA max source 64 mA max sink output current These general purpose bits are software configurable as either inputs or outputs in groups of eight each group of eight bits being handled by one of four eight bit registers These bits may be used for a variety of purposes as for the bits of common digital I O boards such as the Keithley PIO 24 and KPCI PIO24 boards The output current capabilities of these bits are much higher than available from the industry standard type 8255 digital I O chip on many commercial digital I O boards Wire a general purpose digital I O signal between the appropriate digital I O pin and a digital ground pin on your KPCI 3108 board Make all connections to the lower Digital I O connec tor of the board through one of the following e Connect all I O through the screw terminals of an STP 36 or STP 36 C screw terminal accessory Refer to Connecting an STP 36 or STP 36 C screw t
18. maximum and an additional 0 5A at 12V maximum If necessary free resources by uninstalling other boards Unwrapping and inspecting the KPCI 3108 board NOTE Install the DriverLINX software before installing the KPCI 3108 board Otherwise the device drivers will be more difficult to install After you remove the wrapped board from its outer shipping carton unwrap and inspect it as follows 1 Your board is packaged at the factory in an anti static wrapper Do not remove the anti static wrapper until you have discharged any static electricity voltage differences between the wrapped board and the environment Wear a grounded wrist strap A grounded wrist strap discharges static electricity from the wrapped board as soon as you hold it Keep the wrist strap on until you have finished installing the board 2 Remove the KPCI 3108 board from its anti static wrapping material You may wish to store the wrapping material for future use 3 Inspect the board for damage If damage is apparent arrange to return the board to the fac tory Refer to Section 6 Technical support 4 Check the remaining contents of your package against the packing list and report any miss ing items immediately 5 If the inspection is satisfactory continue with Installing the KPCI 3108 board Installing the KPCI 3108 board WARNING Be sure to reinstall the cover of your computer after installing the board Install a KPCI 3108 board in a PCI
19. 16 input terminals for single ended S E channels 8 S E channels x 1 input required S E channel 8 input terminals Signals from all 16 input terminals are amplified by one instrumentation amplifier a type of high performance differential amplifier and are digitized by one 16 bit analog to digital con verter A D converter or ADC This is made possible by multiplexing a time sharing arrange ment Inputs are scanned and connected intermittently to the instrumentation amplifier and A D converter according to a user defined sequence The inputs are connected through a pair of 8 channel multiplexers each of which is effectively a solid state 8 pole single throw switch Additional solid state switches connect one or both multiplexers to the instrumentation amplifier to determine whether inputs are configured for differential or single ended termination mode Figure 2 2 shows how a mixture of single ended and differential channels are connected one at a time to the instrumentation amplifier and A D converter All channels of the KPCI 3108 board are connected similarly NOTE The input terminal numbering in Figure 2 2 results from the need to con figure all input terminals in pairs Each pair of input terminals may be configured either for one differential channel for example 00 HI and 00 LO or for two single ended channels 01 HI and 09 LO For additional information about channel and terminal numbering refer to Figure 3 2 Ta
20. 3 9 provide the information you need to connect these accessories to your board Table 3 10 shows the pin to pin correspondence between the pins of the KPCI 3108 Digital I O connector and the pins of the STA 3108 D1 50 pin header KPCI 3108 Series User s Manual Installation 3 25 Figure 3 11 Connecting digital I O accessories and an STA 3108 D1 accessory Analog STA 3108 D1 KPCI 3108 CAB 1284CC Digital 50 pin Header PIO SSR compatible CAB SSR CACC 2000 or ADP 5037 cable See Table 3 10 for a correct match PB 24 PB 24SM ERB 24 SSIO 24 SRA 01 or ERA 01 3 26 Table 3 9 Digital I O accessories and required connection accessories Installation KPCI 3108 Series User s Manual Digital I O accessories and required Required cables in addition to Additional adapter screw terminal accessory CAB 1284CC Series required Accessory Description Cable Description accessories PB 24 Industry standard baseboard that accom CAB SSR Ribbon cable 3 ft that STA 3108 D1 modates 24 standard size solid state relay connects PB 24 or accessory modules PB 24SM to a 50 pin PB 24SM Industry standard baseboard that accom header modates 24 miniature SM Series solid state relay modules SSIO 24 Module interface board that accommodates CACC 2000 Ribbon cable 24 in STA 3108 D1 o up to 24 miniature optically isolated solid with 50 pin female accessory x state d
21. C T1 is bit IP3 pin 2 e The external gate input for counter timer C TO is bit IP4 pin 19 e The external gate input for counter timer C T1 is bit IP5 pin 1 You can attach a 0 MHz to100 kHz external clock source to the clock inputs Pull up resistors of 10 kQ are provided at the gate input pins therefore the gates appear enabled if no signal is attached to the gate inputs The following three multi function digital output bits are configured as counter timer outputs together as a group under output option 0 e The output bit for counter timer C TO is OP 1 pin 6 at the upper Analog I O connector e The output bit for counter timer C T1 is OP2 pin 23 at the upper Analog I O connector e The output bit for counter timer C T2 is OP3 pin 5 at the upper Analog I O connector Additionally multi function digital output bit OP5 is independently configurable as C TO C T1 or C T2 at pin 4 at the upper Analog I O connector For more information about multi function digital output options refer to the section above Multi function digital inputs and outputs Refer also to Wiring counter timer signals in Section 3 2 30 Functional Description KPCI 3108 Series User s Manual Counter timer operational modes The 82C54 counter timer circuit provides software configurable operational modes to perform various functions The following modes are available from the 82C54 counter timer All may n
22. DriverLINX documentation for information about programming and configur ing analog triggers Figure 2 5 Examples of analog trigger conditions Trigger a Negative Slope Triggering b Positive Slope Triggering Threshold level i thiar wniepenlave Negative slope trigger Positive slope trigger event occurs event occurs Level FIM eS eee ae OV Threshold level less than trigger level 2 16 Functional Description KPCI 3108 Series User s Manual Trigger operation and clock source effects The actual point at which conversions begin depends on whether the clock source is internal or external as follows e Internal trigger operation with internal clock source If conversions are triggered with an internal trigger and timed via an internal pacer clock source then conversions begin virtually immediately after the trigger as follows 1 The 82C54 counter timer is idle until the internal trigger occurs after the trigger occurs the first conversion begins virtually immediately 2 Subsequent conversions are synchronized to the internal clock See Figure 2 6 e Internal trigger operation with external clock source If conversions are triggered with an internal trigger and timed via an external clock source then analog input operations are triggered as follows 1 Conversions are armed when the trigger occurs 2 Conversions begin with the next active edge of the external clock source 3 Conversions continue with subse
23. Figure 6 32 Figure 6 33 Figure 6 34 Figure 6 35 Figure 6 36 Figure 6 37 Figure 6 38 Figure 6 39 Figure 6 40 Figure 6 41 Figure 6 42 Figure 6 43 Figure 6 44 Proper response of channel 3 input bits when channel 2 output bits are set to bit pattern A Configuring channel 1 for output bit pattern Boi ee eee eseeeesecseceeeeceaeceeeeeeeenaeeees Proper response of channel 4 bits when channel 1 output bits are set to bit pattern B Configuring channel 2 for output bit pattern Boi eee eseeeseceeceeeeceaeceeeeeeeeeeeees Proper response of channel 3 bits when channel 2 output bits are set to bit pattern B Channel and bit numbers for STP 36 and STP 36 C screw terminal accessories Loop back wiring for general purpose digital I O hardware and software test Configuring channel 1 for output bit pattern Av eee eee eseeeeeeeceeceeeeeeaeceeeeeeeneeeees Proper response of channel 4 bits when channel 1 output bits are set to bit pattern A Configuring channel 2 for output bit pattern Au eee esecseeeeeeceeceeeeceaeeeeeeeeeeneesees Proper response of channel 3 bits when channel 2 output bits are set to bit pattern A Configuring channel 1 for output bit pattern Bui eee eseeeeseceeceeeeceseceseeceeeneesees Proper response of channel 4 bits when channel 1 output bits are set to bit pattern B Configuring channel 2 for output bit pattern Boi eee eseeeseceeeeeeeceaeceeeeceeeneeeees Proper response of channel 3 bits when channel 2 output bit
24. KPCI 3108 calibration utility pe KPCI 3108 Calibration Utility KEITHLEY tose her KPCI 3108 Series User s Manual Calibration 5 5 Calibrating the analog inputs In this part of the procedure offset and gain adjustments for the analog input and A D Converter ADC circuits are made Do the following 1 In the KPCI 3108 Calibration Utility dialog box click the A D Calibration tab The A D Calibration dialog box appears See Figure 5 3 2 To calibrate the analog inputs follow the on screen instructions in the A D Calibration dia log box 3 When finished with the analog input calibration continue with the next section Calibrating the analog outputs Figure 5 3 A D calibration dialog box J KPCI 3108 Calibration Utility Salbrate vit MeSiore ae Di Saline alina 5 6 Calibration KPCI 3108 Series User s Manual Calibrating the analog outputs The KPCI 3108 boards each have two independent analog outputs provided by two digital to analog converters DACs or D A converters In this part of the procedure offset and gain adjustments for the DACs are made Do the following 1 In the KPCI 3108 Calibration Utility dialog box click the D A Calibration tab The D A Calibration dialog box appears See Figure 5 4 2 To calibrate each DAC follow the on screen instructions in the D A Calibration dialog box Figure 5 4 D A Calibration dialog box 10v to 10v range offset adjustment
25. Making connections while the computer and external circuits are powered can damage the com puter the board and the external circuit Ensure that no analog input signal exceeds 15V which is the maxi mum allowable rating for the board Exceeding 15V will damage the board NOTE KPCI 3108 boards contain separate ground connections for analog and digital signals Use the analog ground AGND for analog signals and analog power use the digital ground DGND for digital signals and other power supply returns Do this to avoid interference from digital switching noise currents on sensitive analog signals However be aware that both analog and digital grounds are tied together at the board PCI connector and are ultimately connected to the building system ground via the mains See Figure 3 12 I O connector pin assignments and descriptions for AGND and DGND are provided in Figure 3 2 Figure 3 3 Table 3 1 and Table 3 2 Figure 3 12 Analog and digital ground path KPCI 3108 Board 1 O Connector AGND Host Computer PCI Connector DGND To Mains KPCI 3108 Series User s Manual Installation 3 29 NOTE Though the circuit diagrams show direct connections to channel input pins of the main I O connector you must make actual connections through the corresponding screw terminals of an STP 36 Series acces sory or through EXP 1800 or MB Series expansion signal conditioning accessories and unshared terminals of the required STA 31
26. Scan data acquisition To sample a group of input channels once at a specified acquisition rate either in numerical sequence or in the sequence specified in a channel gain queue See also Channel gain queue Scan rate The rate at which a group of channels is sampled measured from the start of one scan to the start of the next scan Scatter gather A very high speed direct memory access data transfer method under PCI bus mastering Data written to memory may be scattered into noncontiguous memory blocks When reading data the memory block locations are first supplied to the bus master and then data is rapidly gathered from the noncontiguous memory blocks Settling time data acquisition The time needed for the output of a digital to analog converter or a combined input amplifier analog to digital converter to stabilize within a specified error following an abrupt change in input SH See Sample and Hold Shielding A metal enclosure for a circuit being measured or a metal sleeve surrounding wire conductors to lessen interference interaction or current leakage The shield is usually grounded Simultaneous Sample and Hold SSH An operation or electronic circuit in which multiple analog input signals are simultaneously sampled and stored typically as voltages on capacitors until sequentially read by a scanning analog to digital converter system See also Analog to digital converter Typically used when multiple par
27. Scheme B installation In Scheme B you check whether DriverLINX and your board are installed correctly and work together properly A proper start of the DriverLINX Analog I O Panel utility means that the combined DriverLINX board installation is okay If the installation is not okay you try to diagnose and fix the problem ultimately reinstalling DriverLINX and the board if necessary Refer to Figure 6 2 and the written amplification following it NOTE This is not a stand alone procedure Use it only when it is called for by another procedure KPCI 3108 Series User s Manual Figure 6 2 Problem isolation Scheme B installation 13 Reinstall the KPCI 3108 Series board 12 Reinstall KPCI 3108 Series DriverLINX 11 Uninstall DriverLINX KPCI 3108 Series DriverLINX only 10 Remove the KPCI 3108 Series board from the list of devices 9 Remove the KPCI 3108 Series board physically N l 8 Is the KPCI 3108 Series board now configured 5 Board listed in Device Manager under Other Devices 6 Doing Scheme B as installation check Y l Apparently there are problems beyond normal Board found as PCI device in Scheme A installation issues yet don t see requiring full systematic it in Device problem isolation routine Manager Get Keithley help Go to Scheme A 7 Try to configure your board using the DriverLINX Configuration Panel Troubleshooting 6 9
28. This balances the ground return paths Use the following resistance value Bias return resistance Ry 10 000 Source resistance Rg LOOM max if Rg gt 100Q However be aware that the bias return resistor connected to the input high terminal loads the signal causing a proportional error Using no bias return resistors with a bridge circuit bottom circuit of Figure 3 14 In the lower circuit of Figure 3 14 added bias return resistors are not needed The bridge resistors at the signal source inherently provide the bias current return path The common mode voltage at the input terminals is the voltage drop across Rg of the bridge Wiring a ground referenced signal source to a differential analog input NOTE If you are unclear about whether to use differential or single ended input mode refer to Section 2 Choosing between the differential and single ended termination modes A ground referenced signal source is a signal source that is connected directly or indirectly to the building system ground The analog signal ground of the KPCI 3108 is ultimately connected to the building system ground via the power mains as shown in Figure 3 12 Therefore the ground referenced signal source is also indirectly connected to the analog ground 3 32 Installation KPCI 3108 Series User s Manual However the quality of the ground connection between the signal source and analog ground of the KPCI 3108 may be poor The signal source g
29. Use one or two bias return resistors as discussed below and illustrated in Figure 3 14 Figure 3 14 Wiring a floating signal source to differential inputs three common examples Where R gt 100Q Rb 10 000 Rs but lt 1OOMQ Where R lt 100Q Rp OQ to 10 000 R Channel n High KPCI 3108 Board Channel n Low KPCI 3108 Board Channel n High Channel n Low KPCI 3108 Board Where Ry is a variable resistor for balancing the bridge KPCI 3108 Series User s Manual Installation 3 31 The minimum bias return resistance and the number of bias resistors one or two are deter mined by noise considerations The maximum bias return resistance Ry is limited by the maxi mum acceptable common mode voltage that occurs due to the bias current as follows Common mode voltage due to bias current Bias current Bias return resistance Rj The remaining discussions of this section guide you in selecting bias return resistors Using a single bias return resistor middle circuit of Figure 3 14 If the signal source resis tance RS is low one bias return resistor connected between the input low terminal and the ana log ground is adequate The minimum bias return resistance is determined by the signal source resistance and the sus ceptibility and exposure of your circuit to noise pickup from the environment If the source resis tance Rg is low the bias resistance can generally b
30. V 400mA typ 500mA max 5V 3e1 0A max May also be limited by computer or bus capability 0 C to 50 C 20 C to 70 C 0 to 90 Relative non condensing operating or nonoperating 8 in 230mm L x 4 25 in 108mm H x 0 75 in 20mm D Standard Size PCI Short Card A 8 Specifications Accessories Termination Signal Conditioning Expansion Cables KPCI 3108 Series User s Manual STP 36 Terminates CAB 1284 into 36 Screw Terminals STA 3108 A1 Provides 50 pin header for interfacing with EXP 1800 STA 3108 A2 Provides 37 pin analog output connector compatible with DAS 16 pinout STA 3108 A3 Provides four connector for interfacing with MB 02 CONN 3108 D1 Provides 50 pin digital connector compatible with KPCI PIO 96 pinout EXP 1800 Through STA 3108 A1 MB Series Through CONN 3108 A2 and STA 3108 A3 PB 24 Through STA 3108 D1 CAB 1284CC IEEE 1284C standard shielded cable with 18 twisted pairs used for analog and digital connections to 3108 B Glossary B 2 Glossary KPCI 3108 Series User s Manual 2 s complement A number in the base 2 binary system that is the true complement of another number A 2 s complement is usually derived by reversing the digits in a binary number changing 1s to Os and Os to 1s and adding 1 to the result When 2 s complements are used to represent negative num bers the most significant leftmost digit is always 1 About trigger acquisition mo
31. a P Bit Bit26 amp OJ amp Bit11 Bit27 Q Channel 2 ETE Channel 4 Bit 28 L Z Bit12 O Bit13 Bit 29 O Bit 14 Bit 30 Bit 15 Bit 31 Digital Ground 5 V Digital Ground 36 35 34 33 32 31 18 17 16 15 5 V Connecting EXP 1800 channel expansion accessories to the KPCI 3108 board via an STA 3108 A1 accessory Using one or more EXP 1800 channel expansion accessories in conjunction with an STA 3108 A1 adapter screw terminal accessory allows you to connect groups of 16 analog inputs to each single ended input of your KPCI 3108 board Figure 3 7 and Table 3 4 provide the information you need to interconnect these accessories Table 3 5 shows the pin to pin corre spondence between the pins of the KPCI 3108 Analog I O connector and the pins of the STA 3108 A1 50 pin header KPCI 3108 Series User s Manual Table 3 4 Figure 3 7 Installation 3 17 Connecting an EXP 1800 channel expansion accessory and an STA 3108 A1 accessory KPCI 3108 Digital CAB 1284CC CAB 50 1 CAB 50 1 CAB 50 1 EXP 1800 EXP 1800 i STA 3108 A1 Connections of EXP 1800 channel expansion accessory and other accessories needed to a KPCI 3108 board Channel expansion accessory and required adapter screw terminal accessory Required cables in addition to CAB 1284CC Series Additional required to an EXP 1800 channel expansion accessory as well as to screw terminals that are nu
32. a higher rate determined by the burst clock This mode minimizes the skew between channels See also Burst clock Pacer clock Bus mastering On a microcomputer bus such as the PCI bus the ability of an expansion board to take control of the bus and transfer data to memory at high speed independently of the CPU Replaces direct memory access DMA Bus An interconnection system that allows each part of a computer to communicate with the other parts Byte A group of eight bits Channel On a data acquisition board one of several input or output paths on the board Multiple analog input channels are commonly connected to one analog to digital converter one at a time using a multiplexer See also Multiplexer and Analog to digital converter B 4 Glossary KPCI 3108 Series User s Manual Channel gain queue A user defined scan sequence in a data acquisition device It specifies both the position in the sequence and the gain at which an analog input channel is scanned or in some cases the out put range at which an analog output channel is updated It can also specify whether the input or output mode is bipolar or unipolar and whether the input mode is single ended or differential See also Channel and Scan data acquisition CMRR See Common Mode Rejection Ratio CMRR Cold junction The junction in a thermocouple circuit that is held at a stable known temperature Also known as a reference junction Cold junction co
33. accessory is attached to the upper Analog I O connector of the KPCI 3108 I O board remove it No circuits should be connected to the Analog I O connector during these tests 3 Wire an STP 36 or STP 36 C screw terminal accessory as described in Figure 6 36 4 Attach the wired screw terminal accessory to the lower Digital I O connector of the KPCI 3108 board Refer to Connecting interface accessories to a KPCI 3108 board in Section 3 of this manual Turn ON the host computer and boot Windows 95 98 or NT Start DriverLINX and your application software Set up your application software to configure and monitor general purpose digital I O bits Opt Using your application software do the following a Configure general purpose bits 0 to 7 channel 1 as outputs b Configure general purpose bits 8 to 15 channel 2 as outputs c Configure general purpose bits 16 to 23 channel 3 as inputs d Configure general purpose bits 24 to 31 channel 4 as inputs 6 52 Troubleshooting KPCI 3108 Series User s Manual 9 Using your application software configure bits 0 to 7 channel 1 for bit pattern A as shown in Figure 6 37 Figure 6 37 Configuring channel 1 for output bit pattern A Channel 1 Output Bits E E E 10 Using your application software observe the channel 4 input bits Figure 6 38 shows the proper response Figure 6 38 Proper response of chan
34. analog outputs the KPCI 3108 The analog output test checks whether the two digital to analog converters DACs of the board are working correctly Zero voltages are set at the two analog outputs using the on screen level control utility that is supplied with DriverLINX The two output voltages are then measured with a digital voltmeter to verify reasonable DAC offsets Similarly a mid range voltage is set for each of the two analog outputs and the procedure is repeated to verify proper digital to analog conversion NOTE During this test ensure that no user circuits are connected to the KPCI 3108 board via the required screw terminal accessory except for analog output connections specified for the test The analog output test is primarily a functional test not a calibration check although measured outputs from a properly calibrated board should correspond to DAC settings within the accuracy specifications of the board If you wish to check and adjust the accuracy refer to Section 5 Calibration Equipment for the analog output hardware test The following equipment is required to perform the analog output test A Digital Voltmeter DVM or a Digital Multimeter DMM set to the 10V range An STP 36 or STP 36 C screw terminal accessory to which you connect the DVM DMM as indicated in Table 6 3 These are the same connections as made for the analog output software test If possible use a screw terminal accessory that is res
35. board and software installa tion installing accessories and connecting signals e Section 4 summarizes the test panels that are available in the DriverLINX software e Section 5 discusses how to calibrate your board using the DriverLINX calibration utility e Section 6 contains detailed procedures for isolating problems with your data acquisition sys tem This section also contains instructions for obtaining technical support e Appendix A contains specifications for the KPCI 3108 boards e Appendix B is a glossary that includes key terms used in this manual e A detailed index completes this manual KPCI 3108 Series User s Manual Overview 1 3 How to distinguish special text items Italic bold and upper case letters the Courier font and quotation marks distinguish certain text items from the general text The following text conventions are used exclusive of headings 10 point Times Bold distinguishes the following All Windows 96 98 NT user interaction items commands screen messages menu names menu options and dialog box items including captions user selections and typed user inputs but not including dialog box names which are in regular text CAUTION statements 10 point Times Italic distinguishes the following Emphasis in general Cross references to other documents such as other manuals or books NOTE statements 10 POINT TIMES UPPER CASE distinguishes the following Switches such
36. board is installed a default device number of 0 in the text box is correct Click OK e If other KPCI 3108 boards are installed and configured and have been assigned device numbers then type in a device number for the board you are configuring the next unassigned number in the numbering sequence Then click OK The Configure DriverLINX Device dialog box appears Figure 6 10 as well as the Device Manager Figure 6 10 Configure DriverLINX Device dialog box example Configure DriverLINX Device x Digital Input Digital Output Counter Timer Device Analog Input Analog Output Vendor Keithley Instruments Inc Device jo Model Keci 3108 Board Id 7654321 V Dete pec A ecial M Calibrate Has g _Special _ cot e KPCI 3108 Series User s Manual Troubleshooting 6 17 d No changes in the Device dialog box are normally required Click OK e Ifa Device Change message appears as in Figure 6 11 then click OK Figure 6 11 Device Change message Device Change The device settings have changed You will need to re insert the Plug and Play device or reboot the machine before the new settings take effect If more than one unconfigured board was found in the DriverLINX Configuration Man ager in step 4 configure the additional boards now Repeat substeps 7a through 7e for each remaining unconfigured board Close out all programs and reboot your computer to complete the confi
37. board should be returned to the factory for proper cleaning servicing Rev 2 99 Table of Contents Overview PPT LACS oe ace oho cares Beate a E How the mantial 18 organized onies eniros sre erae ea a E ease bacoeaghhscbapeanedeadosecarsesucveastsebbcoetsaaess How to distinguish special text items oo ee eee ceeeseececeseeceeceaecseceaesecsseeseceeeseestseseeesaeseaecaeesaecaeeaeeates How to move around the electronic version of the manual Hardware Clara tert Stes ic vvacvsecssweetb cates cde paces EESE EE aE E EA EASE ETSE ENE SPOCUICALLONS sssri rcertori ioir ieren En PEER r E EE RE E OE Er r E PER AET E ER EERE OEE OREP RE ARE rE E EEPE EEE ERR REN EE S System tegue Menis vseen eeure oenar eer EEEN EE EEEE E EIEE OEE E E EEE EEE EEEE EEEE SOLVA LE ea E E E E E E PECESS OLIGS A e N r S a e E E E E Functional Description An log input Teatures lt 6 siesie siestess cascadassteacabecesscedacaecssansaces aE a AE E E EE E E Ea E TERES Understanding and choosing analog input modes eessssesesesreseseesrsrrsrrerssreresreresreresresrrrrereeresrereseeersrreere Throughput e EEE EE a E O REE E R NR Data conversion Modes uz secs ees sesctcesesvasecesprasgesscpsccagensuesnotashesceusyeintendsstovds euoebensaguescescstystiusensquingiveuretanessessss Analog output features enrenou E E ELEA soneeveceesdewens obatdexcassecudivensedeuseteste Digital input and output features iissa i e sere Eaa EE ees rao EE E E E E EE General purpose
38. cases the software interfaces with your system via the DriverLINX software provided with your board e The user can run a fully integrated data acquisition software package such as TestPoint or LabVIEW e The user can write and run a custom program in Visual C C Visual Basic or Delphi using the programming support provided in the DriverLINX software A summary of the pros and cons of using integrated packages or writing custom programs is provided in the Keithley Full Line Catalog The KPCI 3108 has fully functional driver support for use under Windows 95 98 NT DriverLINX driver software for Windows 95 98 NT DriverLINX software supplied by Keithley with the KPCI 3108 board provides convenient interfaces to configure analog and digital I O modes without register level programming Most importantly however DriverLINX supports those programmers who wish to create cus tom applications using Visual C C Visual Basic or Delphi DriverLINX accomplishes fore ground and background tasks to perform data acquisition The software includes memory and data buffer management event triggering extensive error checking and context sensitive on line help KPCI 3108 Series User s Manual Installation 3 3 DriverLINX provides application developers a standardized interface to over 100 services for creating foreground and background tasks for the following e Analog input and output e Digital input and output e Time and frequency me
39. circuit _3 31 B 32 avoiding ground loops floating signal source 3 29 ground referenced signal source 3 31 source impedance dependence 3 31 precautions 3 28 single ended inputs 3 29 analog output signals _3 34 counter timer signals See Connecting digital sig nals multi function digital I O digital signals control signals 3 42 general purpose digital I O 3 37 multi function digital I O precautions 3 35 i 3 i 4 interface accessories digital I O accessorieg 3 24 EXP 1800 3 16 STA 3108 A1 STA 3108 A2 STA 3108 A3 STA 3108 D1 STA MB 3 19 STP 36 and STP 36 C 3 14 power 5V from board to external circuitd_3 43 Connector expansion slot systematic problem isolatio pin assignments KPCI 3108 Analog connectoy 3 8 KPCI 3108 Digital connecto STA 3108 A1 50 pin header 3 18 STA 3108 A2 37 pin connector 3 21 STA 3108 D1 50 pin header 3 27 STP 36 or STP 36 C terminals corresponding to KPCI 3108 I O connector pins to KPCI 3108 Analog connector pins 3 15 to KPCI 3108 Digital connector pins 316 definition elimination circuit Contact bounce Control panels See Test panels Analog I O Panel AIO Panel Conventions font typeface _1 3 Conversion clock sources burst clock and pacer clock rate 2 14 and simultaneous sample and hold SSH 2 14 description 2 14 rate programmable range hardware clo
40. digital outputs 0 0 eee eeeeeeeeneeeeeeee 2 24 Installation Signal descriptions for Analog I O connector pins and screw termimals 20 00 00 ceeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeaees 3 9 Signal descriptions for Digital I O connector pins and screw terminals 0 0 0 0 ee eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee 3 11 CAB 1284CC Series Cables sci sccisias cies ccsses ai e EE EEEE EREA EEEE N E less A EEEE EEES 3 15 Connections of EXP 1800 channel expansion accessory and other accessories needed to a KPCI 3108 board cccsssseccsesssesesesesesesesesescecscseseseseecscaesesescseseaeaeseseseseataeees Pin to pin correspondence between upper Analog connector and 50 pin accessory seeseeeeeeeeeee 3 18 Connections of accessories to a KPCI 3108 board eececsssssssseeesessseseseeeecesesceceeseeessececeeeeseaeeceeeneeeneeees Pin to pin correspondence between upper Analog connector and 37 pin connector 1 00 cece 3 21 Connections of the MB 02 signal conditioning channel expansion accessory and other accessories needed to a KPCI 3108 board oo eee ceeeeseeseceseeeeceeceeceeeeeeeeeeeeeteneeaeeegs 3 23 Digital I O accessories and required CONNECTION ACCESSOTIES 00 ee eeceeeeeceeeeeeecaeecaeceeeaeceaeeeeeeeeseeeees 3 26 Pin to pin correspondence between lower Digital I O connector ANd DO PIN ACCESSOLY se a ces cide a vesebvendesinches te tren e nesa SEEKER ENOTE stoes bode EE chats GEEAE ESL EE EEEE ESR EEE 3 27 Screw terminals used to w
41. expressed in decibels at a specified load and up to a specific frequency D A converter See Digital to analog converter DAC See Digital to analog converter Darlington A high gain current amplifier composed of two bipolar transistors typically integrated in a single package KPCI 3108 Series User s Manual Glossary B 5 Differential amplifier An amplifier that measures the difference between the voltages at two input terminals input high and input low each of which is referenced to a common ground A differential amplifier rejects the common mode voltage the common voltage relative to ground as measured at the input low terminal to an extent limited by the common mode rejection ratio of the amplifier Differential input An analog input circuit that measures the difference between the voltages at two input terminals input high and input low each of which is referenced to a common ground A differential input rejects the common mode voltage the common voltage relative to ground as measured at the input low terminal to an extent limited by the common mode rejection ratio of the circuit See also Common mode voltage Common mode rejection ratio CMRR and Single ended input Differential linearity See Differential Nonlinearity DNL Differential Nonlinearity DNL The maximum deviation of a real digitized step width or height from the ideal digitized step width or height The input range of a data acquisition board
42. find it At the bottom of the list of devices click Remove On the Confirm Device Removal dialog box that appears click OK The board is removed from the list of devices If more than one KPCI 3108 board was listed in the Device Manager or if the same board was listed in more than one place then repeat substeps d e and f of step 10 until no KPCI 3108 boards are listed anywhere in the Device Manager Uninstall only the KPCI 3108 version of DriverLINX from your system using the Windows 95 98 NT Add Remove Programs feature Proceed as follows In the Start menu of Windows 95 98 NT click Settings Control Panel In the Control Panel that appears click Add Remove Programs In the Add Remove Programs Properties dialog box that appears select DriverLINX for Keithley 3108 Uninstall only DriverLINX for Keithley 3108 If additional Driver LINX versions are installed leave them installed At the bottom of the Add Remove Programs Properties dialog box click Add Remove and then follow the remainder of the Windows uninstall prompts CAUTION During the course of an uninstall procedure you will typically be asked if you wish to uninstall certain files that may be shared by other programs In such cases always click No Mistakenly uninstalling files needed by other programs causes serious problems Mistakenly keeping files causes no harm and some uninstalled files may be overwritten anyway when you subsequently reinstall Driver
43. for multi function digital I O accessories cont Screw terminal Assignment Description 22 OP4 Multi function digital output bits user configurable for 23 OP2 e Counter timer outputs 24 OPO e Trigger output e Control and or addressing for EXP 1800 expansion accessories or MB 02 signal conditioning accessories e Pacer clock output e Target mode digital output 25 5 V 5 VDC from computer bus Refer to Wiring 5V power to external circuits Table 3 14 summarizes specific pin terminal assignments and descriptions for the multi functional digital inputs at screw terminals of STP 36 STP 36 C and STA 3108 A Series accessories The assignments are ordered numerically according to the assigned bits Table 3 14 Bit assignments and descriptions for multi function digital inputs Bit assignment Screw terminal Description IPO 21 Configurable as one of the following e XPCLK external pacer clock input e General purpose input bit target mode IP1 3 Configurable as one of the following e TGIN external trigger or gate input e General purpose input bit target mode IP2 20 Configurable as one of the following e Counter timer C TO external clock input e General purpose input bit target mode IP3 2 Configurable as one of the following e Counter timer C T1 external clock input e General purpose input bit target mode IP4 19 Configurable as one of the following e Counter timer C
44. for one or both of the analog output channels is specified in a two position maximum channel gain queue Both paced and burst conversion modes are available as follows e In paced mode one of the analog outputs specified in the channel gain queue is updated every time a pacer clock signal occurs The pacer clock signal can be any of the following An internal hardware clock signal an output pulse from an 82C54 counter timer the clock input of which is connected to a crystal controlled time base An external hardware clock signal the negative falling or positive rising edge of an external clock pulse A software update command a write of an individual voltage value to a DAC by soft ware This method is sometimes referred to as level control e In burst mode both of the analog outputs specified in the channel gain queue are sequen tially updated every time that a hardware only pacer clock signal occurs A burst clock determines the rate at which the updates occur A typical user configures the burst clock rate to be much higher than the pacer clock rate However the burst clock rate must always be at least as large as the pacer clock rate times the number of positions entries in the channel gain queue The maximum burst clock rate for digital to analog conversions is 500 kHz Refer also to the A D paced and burst mode conversion discussions under Data conversion modes and Clock sources earlie
45. is discussed briefly in Section 2 under The pacer clock output function Information about the use of address and or synchronization bits for expansion signal condi tioning accessories e g for EXP 1800 MB 02 is provided in the instructions that accom pany those accessories The nature and use of counter timer inputs and outputs is discussed in Section 2 under Counter timer features and The counter timer digital output functions The nature and use of the multi function digital I O for target mode data transfer is discussed in your DriverLINX documentation Wiring counter timer signals The multi function digital I O bits after appropriate configuration are used for all counter timer inputs and outputs For information about wiring to these bits refer to the subsection preceed ing Wiring multi function digital I O signals 3 42 Installation KPCI 3108 Series User s Manual Synchronizing multiple boards You can synchronize up to three KPCI 3108 boards using trigger and gate signals from the main TO connectors A D analog to digital conversions at synchronized boards can be started simul taneously by a single event regardless of whether the boards have been programmed for the same conversion rate or for different conversion rates The onboard pacer clock of each board is designed to be tightly coupled with trigger or gate events Within a short defined time lag each synchronized board begins the first an
46. listed under Keithley KPCI 3108 Series instead of a specific board part number The lamp icon next to the device number is colored green j Leave the DriverLINX Configuration Panel open for now and continue with step 5 5 Based on the results of step 4 do one of the following e If your board is properly installed and configured your inability to run the Analog I O Panel may be due to an improperly installed component of DriverLINX Skip to step 9 and begin uninstalling then reinstalling DriverLINX and the board e If one of your KPCI 3108 boards is apparently recognized by DriverLINX but is listed in the Device Manager under DriverLINX with a large exclamation point then try configur ing it with the DriverLINX Configuration Panel Skip to step 7 e If one of your KPCI 3108 boards is listed under Other Devices or is listed in the Device Manager at multiple places then the installation is faulty Skip to step 9 and begin uninstalling then reinstalling DriverLINX and the board e If your board is not listed at all in the Device Manager there are apparently issues other than the combined DriverLINX board installation Continue with step 6 6 Select the next step in Scheme B based on the criteria given in the following alternatives e If you are performing Scheme B independently as an installation check then non installation issues must apparently be resolved before you can successfully run your board Starting at Problem is
47. more details e Optional A Digital Voltmeter DVM or a Digital Multimeter DMM to accurately deter mine the voltage of the voltage source e An STP 36 or STP 36 C screw terminal accessory wired as shown in Table 6 7 This is the same wiring scheme as used in the analog input hardware tests If possible use a screw terminal accessory that is reserved for I O tests Avoid using a screw terminal accessory that is normally connected to your external circuits You thereby avoid the extra labor and potential wiring errors involved in disconnecting and later reconnecting your external circuits Table 6 7 Wiring for analog input software test and an between this analog analog input ground Connect this test voltage terminal terminal OV via a short between the analog input terminal and ground 33 17 or 18 Channel 00 HI lt 5V from one of the following 32 17 or 18 e A battery Channel 01 HI e An isolated power supply e A voltage divider e g 10kQ or 20kQ between the 5V board power output terminal 25 and analog ground terminal 17 or 18 For example composed of two 5kQ or 10k resistors Observe the CAUTION below CAUTION If you use the 5V board power to energize a voltage divider ensure that the 5V board power terminal cannot accidentally short to ground A short to ground can damage one or more of the following the screw terminal accessory the board the computer 6
48. out of sequence e To acquire low level signals at high speeds preamplify the signal to the maximum input range of the board using external signal External amplification increases total system throughput and reduces noise e If low level inputs are relatively slow and high level inputs are relatively fast maintain two channel lists one for slow inputs and the other for fast inputs e If some channels are not used you can provide extra settling time for a channel that is used as follows Assign two or more consecutive identical channel gain entries to this channel Ignore the measurement results from the first channel gain entry This approach allows the input signal measured through the first entry to largely wash out residuals before the same input signal is measured through the second entry You must take special care when directly measuring low level signals When using ranges of 100mV 0 to 100mYV or smaller the measurement throughput drops for two reasons e The amplifier settles more slowly e Noise in the measurements is higher and therefore requires post acquisition filtering averag ing to achieve accurate results Because the KPCI 3108 has a very high bandwidth about 1MHz for low level signals any noise is amplified and digitized Therefore you must measure low level signals carefully to min imize noise effects Low level transducers are best used with signal conditioning Always use the differential
49. output 25 5 V 5 VDC from computer bus Refer to Wiring 5V power to external circuits 26 CH07 HI Channel 07 high level input 27 CH06 HI Channel 06 high level input 28 CH05 HI Channel 05 high level input 33 CH00 HI Channel 00 high level input 34 10 V Reference Precision 10 VDC reference voltage source which is designed to be connected to a high impedance reference input only supplied through a 1 KQ series resistor 35 DAC Output Analog output from digital to analog converter number 1 36 DACO Output Analog output from digital to analog converter number 0 This feature is not included with the KPCI 3107 3 10 Installation KPCI 3108 Series User s Manual e Likewise Figure 3 3 and Table 3 2 show and describe pin assignments and signal descrip tions for the lower Digital I O connector through which 32 bits of general purpose high current digital I O are connected Identically numbered assignments and descriptions apply to the terminals on either of the following described in the next section if it is connected to the Digital I O connector An STP 36 Series screw terminal accessory STP 36 or STP 36 C An STA 3108 D1 Series adapter screw terminal accessory Figure 3 3 Pin assignments for KPCI 3108 lower Digital I O connector pins Bit O Bit 16 Bit 1 Bit 17 Bit 2 Bit 18 Bit 3 Bit 19 Bit 4 Bit 20 Bit 5 Bit 21 Bit 6 Bit 22 Bit 7 Bit 23 Bit 8 Bit 24 Bit 9 Bit 25 Bi
50. output of the counter timer is initially high A rising edge of the gate input acts as a trigger The counter is loaded with the initial count value on the next clock pulse after the trigger but the counter does not start count ing At the next clock pulse the counter starts counting down When the counter reaches zero the output goes low for one clock pulse and then goes high again Note that the output does not go low until n 1 clock pulses after the trigger event occurs where n indicates the loaded count After the trigger event occurs the gate input has no effect on the output Writing a new value during counting does not affect the counting sequence Figure 2 18 illustrates hardware triggered strobe mode Figure 2 18 Hardware triggered strobe counter timer mode clockPulse F Lif LE LE LILI LI LILI 1 gt lt Counter is loaded with Rising edge of gate initial count value of 3 input acts as trigger Output A KPCI 3108 board requires 5V at 0 8A from the host computer power bus and 12V at 0 5A from this power bus to operate onboard circuits Additionally 5V power for light duty external circuits at a maximum total current draw of 1A may be drawn indirectly from the host computer power bus via the board I O connectors The 5V is available at pin 25 of the upper Analog I O connector and pins 35 and 36 of the lower Digital I O connector CAUTION Do not connect the 5V outputs to external power supp
51. over it as shown in Figure 6 5 If you find a KPCI 3108 board listed with an excla mation point over it keep the Device Manager open and go directly to step 5 Skip substeps 4g through 4j Figure 6 5 Listing of improperly configured installed KPCI 3108 board System Properties 21x Hardware Profiles Performance General View devices by type C View devices by connection is CDROM Disk drives m Display adapters EJ DriverLINX drivers 7 Keithley KPCI 3108 A D Board amp Floppy disk controllers 5 Hard disk controllers wz Keyboard m Monitor T Mouse Other devices Ports COM amp LPT m System devices T ARA Properties Refresh Remove Print KPCI 3108 Series User s Manual Troubleshooting 6 13 e If aboard is recognized as a device under DriverLINX and is configured to work with DriverLINX then the board is listed without the large exclamation point over it as shown in Figure 6 6 However though a listing as in Figure 6 6 is a necessary indica tion of a complete KPCI 3108 board configuration it is not by itself a sufficient indi cation in at least one situation Therefore if you find that all of your KPCI 3108 boards are listed in the Device Manager without exclamation points do as follows 1 Leave the Device Manager open for now 2 Continue with substeps 4g through 4j in which you open and c
52. processing Major features of KPCI 3108 boards include the following The following analog input characteristics Software configurable for 16 single ended analog input channels eight differential ana log input channels or an intermediate number of mixed single ended and differential analog input channels Software configurable individual gains for each analog input channel as follows 1 2 4 8 10 20 40 80 100 200 400 and 800 Analog data conversion speeds up to 100 ksamples s with 16 bit resolution A 256 location scan queue that supports high speed sampling of analog input channels in any desired combination and sequence The following properties may be specified for each channel in the queue any of the available gains either input polarity bipolar or uni polar and either single ended or differential input A 2048 sample FIFO First In First Out data buffer for the A D converter that ensures data integrity at high sampling rates The capability to start and stop analog to digital data conversions with digital hardware triggers and gates An analog about trigger acquisition mode the capability to stop analog to digital con versions after a fixed number of scans following an analog trigger Software selectable edge polarity detection for hardware trigger and gate signals Two analog outputs from two independent 16 bit DACs Digital to Analog Converters A total of 32 bits of ge
53. rms definition Root mean square rms definition B 11 S unit abbreviation for Sample See Sample data acqui sition definition Safety Precautions 5 Sample data acquisition definition Sample and hold definition Sample rate definition B 11 in burst conversion mode in paced conversion mode 2 12 relationship to throughput Sampling analog to digital converter definition B 11 Saturation amplifier definition B 11 Scan definition B 11 Scan queue See channel gain queue Scan rate definition B 11 Screw terminal accessories connecting to board 3 12 Settling time and throughput with low level signals 2 8 definition B 12 SH See Sample and hold Shielded cables importance at high gains 3 33 to minimize noise and other stray signals 3 33 Shielding definition B 12 Signal conditioning external and throughput maximization 2 9 Signal variations random and thermal emfs 3 33 Signals analog input bipolar 2 6 floating wiring differential inputs to grounded wiring differential inputs to 3 31 low level using differential inputs for 2 6 using signal conditioning unipolar 2 6 Signals at I O connectors KPCI 3108 Analog connector 3 8 KPCI 3108 Digital connector STA 3108 A1 50 pin header 3 18 STA 3108 A2 37 pin connector 3 21 STP 36 and STP 36 C terminals corresponding when connected to KPCI 3108 Analog connector 3 15 when c
54. specifications Keithley will at its option provide either the programming services necessary to correct such nonconformity or develop a program change to bypass such nonconformity in the Keithley Software Failure to notify Keithley of a nonconformity during the warranty shall relieve Keithley of its obligations and liabilities under this warranty Other Software OEM software that is not produced by Keithley Other Software shall not be covered by this warranty and Keithley shall have no duty or obligation to enforce any OEM s warranties on behalf of the customer Other Items Keithley warrants the following items for 90 days from the date of shipment probes cables rechargeable batteries diskettes and documentation Items not Covered under Warranty This warranty does not apply to fuses non rechargeable batteries damage from battery leakage or problems arising from normal wear or failure to follow instructions Limitation of Warranty This warranty does not apply to defects resulting from product modification made by Purchaser without Keithley s express written consent or by misuse of any product or part Disclaimer of Warranties EXCEPT FOR THE EXPRESS WARRANTIES ABOVE KEITHLEY DISCLAIMS ALL OTHER WARRANTIES EXPRESS OR IMPLIED INCLUD ING WITHOUT LIMITATION ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE KEI THLEY DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES WITH RESPECT TO THE OTHER HARDWARE AND OTHER SOFTWARE
55. starts after an internal or exter nal trigger event and continues until a specified number of samples has been acquired or until the operation is stopped by software See also Trigger data acquisition and Trigger modes Pre trigger acquisition mode A data acquisition triggering mode in which the data acquisition is started before an internal or external trigger occurs See also Trigger data acquisition Trigger modes Programmable Gain Instrumentation Amplifier PGIA See Instrumentation amplifier Pseudo Simultaneous Sample and Hold Emulating Simultaneous Sample and Hold SSH by scanning a group of data acquisition chan nels at the highest practical rate while repeating scans at a much slower rate This is commonly done in the burst data conversion mode by running the burst clock at a rate close to maximum throughput while running the pacer clock at a much slower rate Typically used when multiple parameters must be compared at essentially the same instant in time but slight timing variations are acceptable See also Burst clock Burst conversion mode Pacer clock Simultaneous Sample and Hold SSH Scan data acquisition Throughput Pseudo SSH See Pseudo Simultaneous Sample and Hold Pulse duration See Pulse width Pulse width The time interval between the rising and falling edges of a pulse specified at a certain percent age of the peak amplitude commonly 50 for a rectangular pulse Also referred to as pulse duration
56. termi nation mode when making measurements with the 12 5 mV 0 to 12 5 mV 25 mV 0 to 25 mV 100 mV and 0 to 100 mV ranges 2 10 Functional Description KPCI 3108 Series User s Manual Subsequent sections show throughput for various configurations Note that these throughputs are based on driving an input with an ideal voltage source The output impedance and drive capabil ities of the source are far more critical when making large gain changes between two channels especially when the gains are at opposite extremes of the input range Consider the following e Consider the measurement of a signal near 25 mV just after measurement of a signal near 5 V You get better performance when driving adjacent channels at the same gain e The source must be able to drive the input capacitance of the multiplexer and board The input effective capacitance of a single channel of a KPCI 3108 board is 200pF in series with approximately 1kQ NOTE The effective input capacitance which must be charged by your signal sources is 200pF The series impedance between the input terminal and this capacitance is about 1kQ This series RC combination along with amplifier slew rate is a primary throughput limiting factor Therefore advertised throughputs for the KPCI 3108 board are calculated assuming that the user s source impedance is substantially less than 1kQ Consequently if any of your signal sources have high impedance test the throughput f
57. the information you need for connecting an STA MB signal conditioning accessory and an STA 3108 A2 accessory Table 3 7 shows the pin to pin correspondence between the pins of the KPCI 3108 Analog I O connector and the pins of the STA 3108 A2 37 pin connector Figure 3 8 Connecting an MB 01 or MB 05 signal conditioning accessory and an STA 3108 A2 accessory CAB 1284CC KPCI 3108 Digital 37 pin D type DAS 1600 compatible C 16MB1 MB 01 or MB 05 Figure 3 9 Connecting an STA MB signal conditioning accessory and an STA 3108 A2 accessory CAB 1284CC Analog KPCI 3108 Digital 37 pin D type DAS 1600 compatible 3 20 Table 3 6 Installation Connections of accessories to a KPCI 3108 board KPCI 3108 Series User s Manual Signal conditioning accessories and required Required cables in addition to CAB adapter screw terminal accessory 1284CC Series Other required Accessory Description Cable Description accessories MB 01 Signal conditioning module C 16MB1 Cable with a 37 pin STA 3108 A2 rack Accommodates up to female D type accessory sixteen MB Series modules connector on one end Each module is connected to one and a 26 pin header External 5V power single ended analog input connector on the supply channel of a KPCI 3108 board other end 29 MB 05 Signal conditioning module C 16MB1 E rack Accommodates up to eight A MB Series modules Each 5 5
58. the voltage being measured The instrument and accessories must be used in accordance with its specifications and operating instructions or the safety of the equip ment may be impaired Do not exceed the maximum signal levels of the instruments and ac cessories as defined in the specifications and operating informa tion and as shown on the instrument or test fixture panels or switching card When fuses are used in a product replace with same type and rating for continued protection against fire hazard Chassis connections must only be used as shield connections for measuring circuits NOT as safety earth ground connections If you are using a test fixture keep the lid closed while power is ap plied to the device under test Safe operation requires the use of a lid interlock Ifa screw is present connect it to safety earth ground using the wire recommended in the user documentation The AN symbol on an instrument indicates that the user should re fer to the operating instructions located in the manual The J symbol on an instrument shows that it can source or mea sure 1000 volts or more including the combined effect of normal and common mode voltages Use standard safety precautions to avoid personal contact with these voltages The WARNING heading in a manual explains dangers that might result in personal injury or death Always read the associated infor mation very carefully before performing the indicated proced
59. trigger input for A D conversion synopsis N O Multi function digital outputs as counter timer outputs as expansion channel outputs 2 24 2 27 3 40 as general purpose outputs 2 24 3 40 as pacer clock output 2 24 as trigger output TGOUT synopsis Multiplexer definition B 9 Multiplexing definition B 9 in the KPCI 3108 board 2 4 MUX definition See Multiplexer definition Negative edge triggering and analog input signa and external digital trigge definition _B 9 Noise amplification definition B 9 minimizing 331 P3333 OCX definition B 9 Offset analog to digital converter offset ed 55 digital to analog converter offset een erg Operating system OS required 1 6 Output impedance signal source and large channel to channel gain changes 2 10 Outputs analog calibration description 2 21 initial value at power up reset 2 21 wiring Outputs digital electrical characteristics general purpose outputs multi function outputs See Multi function digital outputs Outputs power 5V to external circuit Paced conversion mode definition B 9 descriptio sample rat 2 12 Pacer clock and paced conversion mode 2 12 definition B 9 rate and burst mode 2 12 and paced conversion modd 2 12 definition _B 9 use in burst conversion mode 2 12 Pacer clock sources hardware clock internal description 2 13 timer counter applic
60. which you connect the DVM DMM as indicated in Table 6 8 These are the same connections as made for the analog output hard ware test If possible use a screw terminal accessory that is reserved for I O tests Avoid using a screw terminal accessory that is normally connected to your external circuits You thereby avoid the extra labor and potential wiring errors involved in disconnecting and later reconnecting your external circuits Table 6 8 Connection terminals for analog output software test To check this analog the DVM or DMM will be connected to these terminals output Analog output screw terminal Analog ground screw terminal Analog output 0 36 17 or 18 Analog output 1 35 17 or 18 CAUTION The following test procedure involves changing DVM DMM connec tions while the computer and KPCI 3108 board are powered Be careful not to short analog outputs to the adjacent 10V reference terminal or nearby ground terminals Shorting the analog outputs can damage the Digital to Analog Converters DACs As a precau tion do the following e Before powering the computer connect the DVM DMM negative lead to a ground screw terminal e After powering the computer connect the DVM DMM positive lead to each specified analog output screw terminal by touching the tip of the lead to the screw head of the screw terminal for example via a probe Procedure for the analog output software test N e TAE sa Tu
61. 08 A Series accessory The circuit diagrams in this section represent wiring of a single signal source to a single channel typically designated as channel n Differential analog circuits can be used with any differen tial input Single ended analog circuits can be used with any single ended input Wiring a signal to a single ended analog input NOTE Before wiring your signals to single ended inputs ensure that you understand the limitations of single ended inputs Refer to Section 2 Choosing between the differential and single ended termination modes Figure 3 13 shows the connections between a signal source and one channel of a KPCI 3108 board configured for single ended input mode Figure 3 13 Wiring a signal source to a board configured for single ended inputs Signal KPCI 3108 Board Source Wiring a floating signal source to a differential analog input NOTE If you are unclear about whether to use differential or single ended input mode refer to Section 2 Choosing between the differential and single ended termination modes Figure 3 14 shows three connection schemes for wiring a signal source to a KPCI 3108 channel when the board is configured for differential input and the input signal source is floating Floating signal sources are ideally either totally ungrounded a battery for example or are oth erwise not connected either directly or indirectly to the building ground or analog signal ground R
62. 08 Series User s Manual Plug and Play A set of specifications developed by Intel that allows a PC to configure itself automatically to work with peripherals such as monitors modems and printers A user can plug in a peripheral and play it without manually configuring the system A Plug and Play PC requires both a BIOS that supports Plug and Play and a Plug and Play expansion card PnP See Plug and Play Port See input output port Polarity mode The mode that specifies whether a data acquisition channel inputs or outputs both positive and negative signals bipolar mode or only positive signals unipolar mode relative to analog ground See also Bipolar and Unipolar Port group For digital I O emulating the I O of an 8255 programmable peripheral interface chip a group of three 8 bit ports commonly labeled PA PB and PC Digital I O that emulates multiple 8255 chips is typically divided into multiple port groups Port I O call A software program statement that assigns bit values to an I O port or retrieves bit values from an I O port Examples include a C C statement containing an inp or outp function or a Basic statement containing a peek or poke function Positive edge triggering A digital trigger mode in which the triggering action starts on the rising edge of the signal See also Trigger polarity Digital trigger Post trigger acquisition mode A data acquisition triggering mode in which the data acquisition
63. 2 13 14 15 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 8 9 HHH H eH AA se e o o o o o o 26 In the Digital Input Panel under Input bits observe the bit pattern Figure 6 34 shows the proper response e If the observed input bit patterns are not the same as shown in Figure 6 34 the digital I O is not functioning properly e If the input bit patterns are the same as shown in Figure 6 34 the digital I O is functioning properly 27 Stop here and return to the problem isolation step in Problem isolation Scheme F the board that asked you to perform the General purpose digital I O hardware test NOTE When the multi function bits are configured as general purpose bits a similar test of the twelve multi function digital I O bits can be performed with the on screen digital I O controller Wire loop back connections at an STP 36 accessory between same numbered input and output bits If you ensure that outputs are always wired only to inputs no protective series resistors are required If two output bits are wired together and both are turned ON without adequate current limiting damage will result Turn input bits 0 2 and 4 ON and look for an identical output bit pattern Repeat turning input bits 1 3 and 5 ON Specified software I O tests The tests in this section check whether your application software correctly performs analog and digital I O tasks The I O are tested using a KPCI 3108 board known to wo
64. 46 Troubleshooting KPCI 3108 Series User s Manual Procedure for the analog input software test Perform the analog input test as follows 1 Turn OFF the host computer Wire a screw terminal accessory as described under Equipment for the analog input soft ware test Connect the screw terminal accessory as wired in step 2 to the KPCI 3108 board upper Analog I O connector 4 Turn ON the host computer and boot Windows 95 98 or NT Start DriverLINX and your application software 6 Set your application software to measure and display report voltages from analog input channels 00 and 01 at a rate suitable for monitoring DC signals Configure your system as follows e The 5V input range e Single ended input Based on the displayed reported voltages in step 6 act as follows e If the measured channel 00 voltage is not OV and or if the measured channel 01 voltage does not agree with the applied voltage then there could be a problem with the way your application software program interfaces with DriverLINX or the way it deals with analog input data from the board Stop here and return to the systematic problem isolation Scheme C step 1 where you were directed to do analog input software tests e If the measured channel 00 voltage is OV and the measured channel 01 voltage agrees with the applied voltage then your software is treating DC analog input data correctly Stop here and return to the syst
65. 5A at 12VDC Any CD ROM drive that came installed with the required computer should be satisfactory However if you have post installed an older CD ROM drive or arrived at your present system by updating the microprocessor or replacing the motherboard some early CD ROM drives may not support the long file names often used in 32 bit Windows files The user can select a fully integrated data acquisition software package such as TestPoint or LabVIEW or write a custom program supported by DriverLINX DriverLINX is the basic Application Programming Interface API for the KPCI 3108 boards e It supports programmers who wish to create custom applications using Visual C C Visual Basic or Delphi e Jt accomplishes foreground and background tasks to perform data acquisition e Itis the needed interface between TestPoint and LabVIEW and a KPCI 3108 board DriverLINX software and user s documentation on a CD ROM are included with your board TestPoint is an optional fully featured integrated application package with a graphical drag and drop interface which can be used to create data acquisition applications without programming LabVIEW is an optional fully featured graphical programming language used to create virtual instrumentation Refer to Section 3 Installation for more information about DriverLINX TestPoint and LabView KPCI 3108 Series User s Manual Accessories Overview 1 7 Accessories availa
66. 7 PBO 10 Bit 9 45 PB1 11 Bit 10 43 PB2 12 Bit 11 41 PB3 13 Bit 12 39 PB4 14 Bit 13 37 PB5 15 Bit 14 35 PB6 16 Bit 15 33 PB7 17 DGND All even numbered Digital common 18 DGND pins Digital common 19 Bit 16 31 PCO 20 Bit 17 29 PC1 21 Bit 18 21 PC2 22 Bit 19 25 PC3 23 Bit 20 24 Bit 21 25 Bit 22 26 Bit 23 27 Bit 24 28 Bit 25 29 Bit 26 30 Bit 27 31 Bit 28 23 PC4 32 Bit 29 21 PC5 33 Bit 30 19 PC6 34 Bit 31 17 PC7 35 5V 49 5V 36 5V 3 28 Installation KPCI 3108 Series User s Manual Wiring analog input signals This section provides general guidance on wiring your circuits to single ended and differential inputs as well as special precautions to avoid problems when wiring signals to a KPCI 3108 set for high gains WARNING Do NOT connect data acquisition inputs to the AC line Keep data acquisition cables and connections away from any AC line connec tions Interconnections or shorting between data and power lines can result in personal injury or death or extensive damage to your com puter To prevent this problem do the following e Avoid direct connections to the AC line by using safety approved isolation transformers isolation amplifiers or both e Ensure that all connections are tight and sound so that signal wires are unlikely to come loose and short to hazardous voltages CAUTION _ Ensure that both the computer and the external circuits are turned OFF before making any connections
67. 8 Ify The board functions properly as a PCI device The contacts of the expansion slot in which the OK board is installed are in good condition The OK board is seated properly in the expansion slot the following as you did in step 5 Insert an unbootable diskette Turn ON the computer and allow the boot cycle to stall at the Non system disk or disk error message Again note the displayed list of PCI devices A new device should be listed likely as an unidentified peripheral If your resource listing includes PCI slot numbers the slot num ber for the new device should match the number of the slot in which your board is installed Remove the diskette and allow the boot cycle to finish ou removed KPCI 3108 boards from other PCI slots in step 1 then repeat steps 6 and 7 with the good board in each of these other slots 9 Bas a ed on the results of steps 5 through 8 do one of the following If the good board is recognized as a PCI component in all slots tested then the PCI slots are apparently satisfactory DriverLINX may not be installed correctly and or the board may not be properly configured Continue with Problem isolation Scheme B installation If the good board is not recognized as a PCI component in a slot s then the PCI slot connector s is suspect Continue with Problem isolation Scheme D expansion slot connectors 6 8 Troubleshooting KPCI 3108 Series User s Manual Problem isolation
68. 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 7 6 5 4 3 2 0 HZ H Hai 55 e o o o o o 6 42 Troubleshooting KPCI 3108 Series User s Manual 14 In the Digital Input Panel under Input bits observe the bit pattern Figure 6 28 shows the proper response e If the observed input bit patterns are not the same as shown in Figure 6 28 the digital I O is not functioning properly Stop here and return to the problem isolation step in Problem isolation Scheme F the board that asked you to perform the General purpose digital I O hardware test e If the input bit patterns are the same as shown in Figure 6 28 continue with step 15 15 In the Digital Output Panel under Channels click on channel 2 as shown as shown in Figure 6 29 Figure 6 29 Configuring channel 2 for output bit pattern A KEITHLEY Digital Output Panel Channels 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 T4 lIeBBE HHH E Output bits 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 55 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 HHREEEE SE amp OEO E OUE E 16 In the Digital Output Panel under Output Bits configure channel 2 for bit pattern A as shown in Figure 6 29 17 In the Digital Input Panel under Channels click on channel 3 as shown in Figure 6 30 Figure 6 30 Proper response of channel 3 input bits when channel 2 output bits are set to bit pattern A KEITHLEY Digital Input Panel Channels 0 1 2 4 3 6 7 E E H Input bits 10 1i 12 13 14 15 7 6 5 4 8 9 HHH H E 55 e o o o o o o
69. C54 counter timers as implemented with the KPCI 3108 board Figure 2 11 Counter timer I O available on KPCI 3108 boards LLULL Clock Input C TO Output Gate Input MLL Clock Input C T1 Output Gate Input Ur Clock Input Internal Only C T2 Output Gate Input Internal Only Always Enabled The following summarizes the basic functions of the counter timer inputs and outputs e The Clock input receives the event or time base pulses that are counted e The Gate input receives a signal that enables or disables the counting process e The Output signals that the specified count has been achieved C T2 accepts only internal clock signals and is enabled only internally and continuously How ever C T2 may be used to extend the range of CT 0 or CT 1 by cascading counting output pulses from CT 0 or CT 1 A key application that illustrates use of the counter timers is pacer clock timing When scanning input channels your board can use pacer clock timing signals to regularly space individual ana log to digital and or digital to analog conversions or bursts of conversions Refer to Data con version modes Clock sources and Analog output features earlier in Section 2 Any of the three counter timers may be used for pacer clock timing Note however that 82C54 timer counters are not required for the burst clock which is generated by a different route Production of internally generated pacer clock timing pulses is il
70. CO Output Analog output from digital to analog converter number 0 Wiring digital input and output signals WARNING Do NOT connect data acquisition inputs to the AC line Keep data CAUTION NOTE acquisition cables and connections away from any AC line connec tions Interconnections or shorting between data and power lines can result in personal injury or death or extensive damage to your com puter To prevent this problem do the following e Avoid direct connections to the AC line by using safety approved isolation transformers isolation amplifiers or both e Ensure that all connections are tight and sound so that signal wires are unlikely to come loose and short to hazardous voltages Ensure that both the computer and the external circuit are turned OFF before making any connections Making connections while the computer and external circuits are powered can damage the com puter the board and the external circuit KPCI 3108 boards contain separate ground connections for analog and digital signals Use the analog ground AGND for analog signals and analog power use the digital ground DGND for digital signals and other power supply returns Do this to avoid interference from digital switching noise currents on sensitive analog signals However be aware that both analog and digital grounds are tied together at the board PCI connector and are ultimately connected to the building system ground via the mains
71. E E E Input Bits 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 E HHH EH NE e o o o o eee 22 In the Digital Input Panel under Input bits observe the bit pattern Figure 6 32 shows the proper response e If the observed input bit patterns are not the same as shown in Figure 6 32 the digital T O is not functioning properly Stop here and return to the problem isolation step in Problem isolation Scheme F the board that asked you to perform the General purpose digital I O hardware test e If the input bit patterns are the same as shown in Figure 6 32 continue with step 23 23 In the Digital Output Panel under Channels click on channel 2 as shown in Figure 6 33 Figure 6 33 Configuring channel 2 for output bit pattern B KEITHLEY Digital Output Panel Channels 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 PEHE H Hi Output Bits 10 11 12 13 14 15 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 8 9 AA HHREHEEEEE amp m m LI LI 24 Inthe Digital Output Panel under Output Bits set the bits of channel 2 for bit pattern B as shown in Figure 6 33 6 44 Troubleshooting KPCI 3108 Series User s Manual 25 In the Digital Input Panel under Channels click on channel 3 as shown in Figure 6 34 Figure 6 34 Proper response of channel 3 bits when channel 2 output bits are set to bit pattern B KEITHLEY Digital Input Panel Channels 0 1 2 4 H 3 6 7 Pi E Input Bits 10 11 1
72. EV EERE EET EES Calibrating the analog OUtpUtS ecoin ieotiesrinoressevee soeverein CEE EEES CEEE ESTE PEKES TAE VEEE ESEESE R Troubleshooting Identifying symptoms and possible CaUSeS ccscceseceseeeceseeseceseeseceecseceseeseeeceseeeeeeseeeaecaeecseceaecaeceaeeaeenseeaeens SYSLEMALIC PLO DIEM Isolation scesi erriren ircen eeen aa EE EEE E EEE EERE C E EREE ETE EEEE EES Problem isolation Scheme A basic system oo eee esc ceseceseeseeeseeseeeeeeseeeseeseecaecsaecaecsaesaecsaeeseseeeeeeeeeeeaes 6 4 Problem isolation Scheme B installation ccececccsesesesesssessseseseseeeesessecsesesessecssseseeseacaeeeeseeeeeneeeeeseaees Problem isolation Scheme C application SOftware cecesssssecseessecceseeeeeeceeceaeeeesecsecseeseeseeaecaeeseeaeeaeeeel 6 20 Problem isolation Scheme D expansion slot COnnectors 0 eee eeceeeeceeeeeeceseeeeeeseecaecsaecaecsaeeaeesaeeeeseees 6 23 Problem isolation Scheme E user wiring 00 ccs eeeseesecscecsececesseceseeaececaecseeseeeeeseseeeeseseaeeaeseaecaeeeaeeney 6 24 Problem isolation Scheme F the board eee ee eeeseeeecseecseceeesaecsseaececesececseceseeeeeeeeseseaeeseseaeeaeeeaeeney 6 25 Problem isolation Scheme G verification of problem solution 000 0 eee ce cee ce eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeseeeeeeaeeeaeeaed 6 26 Specitied Nard ware WO test Seice eiiean oir ra aee EEE E EEEE EE EERE E EA EEEE REE eA 6 27 Analog imput hardware testinin e E E EE EE aSa 6 27 Analog Output hardware tests sc scc sese
73. LINX KPCI 3108 Series User s Manual Troubleshooting 6 19 12 Reinstall DriverLINX referring to the brief DriverLINX installation instructions on the Read This First sheet that was shipped with your KPCI 3108 board and is also provided on the CD ROM containing this manual Make sure that DriverLINX installs smoothly and completely 13 Reinstall the board s CAUTION Wear a grounded wrist strap to avoid electrostatic damage to the board Do not touch board components or conductors when han dling the board NOTE If you are performing Scheme B independently as an installation check then reinstall all boards that you removed in step 9 If you are perform ing Scheme B as part of the systematic problem isolation procedure then reinstall only the good board that you began using near the end of Scheme A Proceed as follows a Shut down and turn OFF the computer b Install the board s in its expansion slot s following this brief procedure in Section 3 of the manual Installing the KPCI 3108 board c Turn ON and reboot the computer d Run the procedure in Section 3 Configuring the board to work with DriverLINX e Return to step 1 and run the installation check again 14 You arrived at this step from step 2 after successfully starting the Analog I O Panel Select your next action based on the criteria given in the following alternatives e If you are performing Scheme B independently as an installation check the
74. LO 16 No connection Not mapped 17 AGND 25 GNDA 18 AGND 26 GNDA 19 IP4 Not mapped 20 IP2 Not mapped 21 IPO Not mapped 22 OP4 28 GEXT 23 OP2 46 MUX6 24 OPO 44 MUX4 25 5 V 47 5V 26 CH07 HI 16 CH7 27 CH06 HI 14 CH6 28 CH05 HI 12 CH5 29 CH04 HI 10 CH4 30 CH03 HI 8 CH3 31 CH02 HI 6 CH2 32 CHO1 HI 4 CH1 33 CH00 HI 2 CHO 34 10V Reference Not mapped 35 DAC1 Output 22 ODACI 36 DACO Output 20 ODAC2 1 Refer also to Table 3 1 for I O descriptions 2 Assignments are based on signal names at the EXP 1800 50 pin header 3 The KPCI 3108 board does not output MUX signals from OPO through OP 4 in all software modes When using the EXP 1800 these outputs must be configured for MUX control 4 This feature is not included with the KPCI 3107 board KPCI 3108 Series User s Manual Installation 3 19 Connecting an MB 01 MB 05 or STA MB signal conditioning accessory to the KPCI 3108 board via an STA 3108 A2 accessory Using an MB 01 MB 05 or STA MB signal conditioning accessory in conjunction with an STA 3108 A2 adapter screw terminal accessory you can interface signals to your analog inputs through a variety of signal conditioning modules These modules allow you to connect thermocouples RTDs strain gages voltage to frequency converters etc to your KPCI 3108 board Figure 3 8 and Table 3 6 provide the information you need to interconnect MB 01 MB 05 or STA MB accessories Figure 3 9 provides
75. LO CH09 HI 17 CH9 CH1 LO 15 CHO00 LO CHO08 HI 18 CH8 CHO0 LO 16 No connection Not mapped 17 AGND 19 LL GND 18 AGND 28 29 LL GND 19 IP4 24 IP2 CTRO GATE 20 IP2 21 CTRO CLOCK IN 21 IPO 25 IPO EXT CLK 22 OP4 Not mapped 23 OP2 22 OP2 24 OPO 23 OPO 25 5 V 1 5 PWR 26 CH07 HI 30 CH7 27 CHO06 HI 31 CH6 28 CH05 HI 32 CH5 29 CH04 HI 33 CH4 30 CH03 HI 34 CH3 31 CH02 HI 35 CH2 32 CH01 HI 36 CH1 33 CH00 HI 37 CHO 34 10 V Reference Not mapped 35 DAC1Output 27 DAC1 OUT 36 DACO Output 9 DACO OUT Not mapped 8 VREF 5 gt Not mapped 10 DACO IN Not mapped 20 CTR 2 OUT Not mapped 26 DACI IN Refer also to Table 3 1 for I O descriptions 2 Assignments based on DAS 1600 signal names are not meaningful in some software modes the KPCI 3108 board does not necessarily fully emulate a DAS 1600 3 The 37 pin connector VREF 5 is not connected to 10V ref due to voltage differences 4 This feature is not included with the KPCI 3107 board 5 A KPCI 3108 board does not use multiplying DACs so it does not support DAC IN 3 22 Installation KPCI 3108 Series User s Manual Connecting an MB 02 signal conditioning channel expansion accessory to the KPCI 3108 board via an STA 3108 A3 accessory Using one MB 02 signal conditioning channel expansion accessory in conjunction with an STA 3108 A3 adapter screw terminal accessory you can do the following e Signal condition up to sixteen analog signals throu
76. O Panel entry c Click on the AIO Panel entry 2 Based on the results of Step 1 select one of the following e Case A If both of the following statements are true then skip to step 14 DriverLINX and your board are installed properly and are working together A KPCI 3108 board is the only board in your computer installed under DriverLINX The DriverLINX Analog I O Panel appears similar to Figure 6 3 with KPCI3108 listed under Driver Selection Figure 6 3 Analog I O Panel setup screen example with only KPCI 3108 boards installed DriverLINX Analog I O Panel a ie ES Eile Help a o l Setup Scope Meter SST Level Control DIO Al Chn Mapping KEITH LEY Analog Vio Panel 40 Chn Mapping ERB Driver Selection Device Selection pan Devicel s Ne MM KPCI3108 SN amr 5 oh T co oO Version 10 at 8 D This application Was BALEA Misrosofiyistial Essie FEMEI mealies kart Pan Mes Babies _ n ae ss ee es es np Om Copyright 1999 Scientific Software Tools Inc KPCI 3108 Series User s Manual Troubleshooting 6 11 e Case B If all three of the following statements are true then skip to step 14 Driver LINX and your board are installed properly and are working together More than one type of board is installed in your computer under DriverLINX The DriverLINX Analog I O Panel initially appears similar to Figure 6 3 but pe
77. O and C T1 For more information about the use of the 82C54 counter timers refer to Counter timer fea tures later in Section 2 2 26 Functional Description KPCI 3108 Series User s Manual The trigger out TGOUT digital output function You can configure bit OP5 as a trigger out TGOUT digital output which is synchronized with internal and external trigger and gate signals If you use only the internal pacer clock to trigger analog I O operations you can use the T OUT signal to synchronize analog I O operations at multiple KPCI 3108 boards Alternatively you can use the TGOUT signal to trigger or gate user specific events The TGOUT signal has the fol lowing properties TGOUT signal with an external trigger input signal When you start an analog input operation with an external trigger signal at bit IP1 config ured as the TGIN input there is a delay of about 200ns between the active edge of the TGIN signal and the positive rising edge of the TGOUT signal See Figure 2 10a NOTE TGOUT cannot be used with about trigger acquisitions TGOUT signal with an external gate input signal When you start an analog input operation via an external gate signal at bit IP1 configured as a gate input there is a delay of about 200ns between the active edge at IP1 and the positive rising edge of TGOUT See Figure 2 10b TGOUT signal with an internal trigger or gate signal When you start an analog input operation via an inter
78. P 36 or STP 36 C accessory are identical to the pin numbers and assignments on the KPCI 3108 I O connector to which it is connected Therefore when you connect an STP 36 or STP 36 C to the upper Analog connector of a KPCI 3108 board the screw terminal assignments are as shown in Figure 3 5 When you connect an STP 36 or STP 36 C to the lower Digital connector of a KPCI 3108 board the screw terminal assignments are as shown in Figure 3 6 For descriptions of these pins and assignments refer to Table 3 1 and Table 3 2 under Identifying I O connector pin assignments for KPCI 3108 Figure 3 5 Upper Analog screw terminal assignments IP5 IP4 2 IP3 P2 amp IPI IPO N OP5 OP4 J ty OP3 OP2 3 wo OP1 opo amp DGND 5V 9 CH07 LO CH15 HI CHO7 HI CHO06 LO CH14 HI N CHO06 HI A CH05 LO CH13 HI CH05 HI amp CH04 LO CH12 HI CHO4HI amp A CH03 LO CH11 HI CHO3 Hl CH02 LO CH10 HI CHO2 HI o amp ae CH01 LO CHO9 HI CH01 HI amp CHOO LO CHO08 HI CHOO HI amp No connection 10 V Reference AGND DAC1 Output 19 AGND DACO Output amp Not available when connected to KPCI 3107 3 16 Installation KPCI 3108 Series User s Manual Figure 3 6 Lower Digital screw terminal assignments BitO Bit16 Bit 1 Bit17 S Bit 2 Bit19 9 a Channel 1 Channel 3 oy Bl Bit20 2 me Ne It Bit 21 gt ies Bit22 19 Bit 7 Bit23 D gt Bits N Bit25 amp
79. PCI slot from which KPCI 3108 Series boards were not Y Improper seating wiping of PCI connection was likely the problem which has apparently been fixed removed in Scheme A Service the malfunctioning PCI slot connector clean Go to ir bad sold Determine what PCI devices contacts repair bad solder Scheme G have already been found by joints replace as required computer ref Scheme A Step 5 Determine what PCI Install OK board in a free PCI devices have already been slot from which KPCI 3108 found by computer Series boards were not ref Scheme A Step 5 removed in Scheme A Install OK board in serviced PCI slot connector OK board found as new PCI device ref Scheme A Step 7 OK board found as new PCI device ref Scheme A Step 7 Replace OK board used for tests with the Get Keithley help board removed in Scheme A Get Keithley M aad help alfunctioning PCI connector was likely the problem board is apparently now installed in a good PCI connector Go to Scheme G 6 24 Troubleshooting KPCI 3108 Series User s Manual Problem isolation Scheme E user wiring In Scheme E after having eliminated other problem causes you physically check your external connections to see if they are the problem cause Refer to Figure 6 14 NOTE This is not a stand alone procedure Use it only when it is called for by another procedure Figure 6 14 Problem isolation Scheme E user w
80. STP 36 and STP 36 C screw terminal accessories BitO Bit16 Bit1 Bit17 amp e Bit 2 BITS A Bit3 Bit19 Q Channel 1 Channel 3 tn Bit4 Bit20 2 Bit5 Bit 21 a N Bit6 Bit22 19 Bit 7 Bit23 D gt Bits Bit 24 N Cl 2 sito Bit25 amp O Bit 10 Bit26 amp O 2 Bit 11 Bit27 Q Channel 2 on ips Channel 4 L 2 Bit12 Bit 28 O Bit13 Bit 29 O Bit 14 Bit 31 Digital Ground 5 V Digital Ground 36 35 34 33 32 31 18 17 16 15 5 V KPCI 3108 Series User s Manual Troubleshooting 6 37 Figure 6 23 Loop back wiring for general purpose digital O hardware and software test 26 25 24 28 27 29 30 13 12 31 32 8 1a 9 34 33 35 36 R 6002 to 10009 6 38 Troubleshooting KPCI 3108 Series User s Manual e Using a DriverLINX graphical interface configure the channel 0 and 1 bits as outputs and the channel 2 and 3 bits as inputs e Using the same DriverLINX graphical interface set the channel 0 and 1 outputs in a particular bit pattern and check channels 2 and 3 inputs for the same bit pattern Repeat using a second bit pattern The digital I O of the board is performing satisfactorily if all bits respond appropriately The specified bit patterns check both for direct ON OFF response and for shorts between bits Equipment for the general purpose digital 1 O hardware test All I O is set and read using the DriverLINX Digital Input Output
81. Series User s Manual Troubleshooting 6 51 e Using your application software configure the channel 0 and 1 bits as outputs and the channel 2 and 3 bits as inputs e Using your application software set the channel 0 and 1 outputs in a particular bit pattern and check channels 2 and 3 inputs for the same bit pattern Repeat using a second bit pattern Your application software is performing general purpose digital I O satisfactorily if all bits respond appropriately Equipment for general purpose digital I O software test All I O is set and read using your application software no instruments are required However you must wire an STP 36 or STP 36 C screw terminal accessory in the loop back configuration shown in Figure 6 36 If possible use a screw terminal accessory that is reserved for I O tests Avoid using a screw terminal accessory that is normally connected to your external circuits You thereby avoid the extra labor and potential wiring errors involved in disconnecting and later reconnecting your external circuits Procedure for general purpose digital I O software test NOTE The bit patterns prescribed in this procedure are shown graphically as follows e OFF bits appear as white squares e ON bits appear as green squares when the manual is viewed in color or as light gray squares when the manual is viewed in black and white Perform the I O hardware test as follows 1 Turn OFF the host computer 2 Ifa screw terminal
82. TO external gate input e General purpose input bit target mode IP5 1 Configurable as one of the following e Counter timer C T1 external gate input e General purpose input bit target mode 3 40 Installation KPCI 3108 Series User s Manual At the multi functional digital output terminals three user selectable options provide three dif ferent combinations of available functions Table 3 15 summarizes specific bit assignments and descriptions for multi function digital outputs at screw terminals of STP 36 STP 36 C and STA 3108 A Series accessories Table 3 15 Bit assignments and descriptions for multi function digital outputs Output mode __ Bit assignment Screw terminal Description 0 OPO 24 General purpose output bit target mode OP1 6 General purpose output bit target mode OP2 23 General purpose output bit target mode OP3 5 General purpose output bit target mode OP4 22 General purpose output bit target mode OP5 4 Configurable as one of the following e TGOUT trigger out output e Pacer clock output e Counter timer C TO CT1 or CT2 output 1 OPO 24 Frame sync OP1 6 Counter timer C TO output OP2 23 Counter timer C T1 output OP3 5 Counter timer C T2 output OP4 22 Pacer clock output OP5 4 Configurable as one of the following e TGOUT trigger out output e Pacer clock output e Counter timer C TO CT1 or CT2 output 2 OPO 24 Exter
83. Troubleshooting 6 7 This system characteristics and resources screen is normally displayed only fleetingly during the boot cycle Having an unbootable diskette in your computer automatically stops the boot cycle at this screen allow ing for convenient viewing This is not harmful to your computer The more common approach using the PAUSE key to pause the boot cycle at this screen requires fast reflexes with some systems Note the displayed list of PCI devices under a heading something like PCI device listing If you have a printer print the screen by pressing the PRINT SCREEN key Remove the diskette and allow the boot cycle to finish 6 Install a good board a KPCI 3108 board that you know is fully functional as follows a b NOTE Shut down Windows 95 98 NT and turn OFF power to the host computer Install the good board in the slot from which you removed the potentially faulty board in step 1 Refer to Installing the KPCI 3108 board near the beginning of Section 3 for board installation instructions If you removed more than one board in step 1 install only one good board in only one expansion slot Do not connect any external circuits to the board at this point 7 Again determine the PCI resources detected by your computer after the KPCI 3108 board is installed Windows 95 Plug and Play should find and configure the new board as a PCI resource if all of the following are true Do a b d
84. User s Manual KPCI 3108 Series PCI Bus Data Acquisition Boards KEITHLEY WARRANTY Hardware Keithley Instruments Inc warrants that for a period of three 3 years from the date of shipment the Keithley Hardware product will be free from defects in materials or workmanship This warranty will be honored provided the defect has not been caused by use of the Keithley Hardware not in accordance with the instructions for the product This warranty shall be null and void upon 1 any modification of Keithley Hardware that is made by other than Kei thley and not approved in writing by Keithley or 2 operation of the Keithley Hardware outside of the environmental specifications therefore Upon receiving notification of a defect in the Keithley Hardware during the warranty period Keithley will at its option either repair or replace such Kei thley Hardware During the first ninety days of the warranty period Keithley will at its option supply the necessary on site labor to return the product to the condition prior to the notification of a defect Failure to notify Keithley of a defect during the warranty shall relieve Keithley of its obligations and lia bilities under this warranty Other Hardware The portion of the product that is not manufactured by Keithley Other Hardware shall not be covered by this warranty and Keithley shall have no duty of obligation to enforce any manufacturers warranties on behalf of the customer On those o
85. accessories to the KPCI 3108 board via an STA 3108 A1 accessory Connecting an MB 01 MB 05 or STA MB signal conditioning accessory to the KPCI 3108 board via an STA 3108 A2 accessory Connecting an MB 02 signal conditioning expansion accessory to the KPCI 3108 board via an STA 3108 A3 accessory Connecting digital I O accessories to the KPCI 3108 board via an STA 3108 D1 accessory Installation 3 13 KPCI 3108 Series User s Manual NOTE When using combination adapter screw terminal accessories STA 3108 A1 STA 3108 A2 STA 3108 A3 or STA 3108 D1 as recommended in these subsections wire to the screw terminals with caution Be aware of the following All of the screw terminals are connected to the same numbered pins of a KPCI 3108 Analog or Digital I O connector When a channel expansion signal conditioning or digital I O accessory s is connected to the adapter screw terminal accessory some of KPCI 3108 I O signals at these screw terminals are shared In general do not wire external circuits to screw terminals that are shared However which screw terminals are actually shared depends on the configuration of the channel expansion signal conditioning or digital I O accessory configuration For example Each EXP 1800 expansion accessory or MB 02 expansion signal conditioning accessory is connected to only one single ended analog input channel Therefore if the number of EXP 1800 or MB 02 accessori
86. accuracy definition B 2 rated accuracy definition B 11 Acquisition time definition _B 2 Active edge analog signal definition B 2 illustration 2 15 digital signal and external trigger 2 14 definitio B 2 ADC analog to digital converter definition See Analog to digital converter defini tion multiplexing tq 2 4 Address definition B 2 Analog I O See also Analog inputs and Analog outputs features 2 3 2 21 test panels See also Test panels Analog I O Panel AIO Panel descriptio starting wiring 3 28 3 34 Analog input hardware test 6 27 Analog input software here Analog inputs bipolar and unipolar inputs choosing eRe ory descriptio calibration 5 5 channel gains choosing between 2 7 description 2 7 channel gain queue assignments duplicate to wash out esio aa definition B 4 description 2 7 differential and single ended inputs choosing betwee descriptio features details _2 3 summary hardware test 6 27 high level signals using single ended inputs for 2 6 input modes choosing 2 3 low level signals throughput precautions 2 8 using differential input mode for 2 63 33 number of channels i 1 scan queue definition See Channel gain queue definition description 2 7 software test throughput maximum at variable gain 2 11 wiring precautions general 3 28 wiring signals to differential inputs and bridge circuits_3 31
87. ach mode is controlled by an independent clock the pacer clock for paced mode and the burst clock for burst mode Paced conversion mode The paced mode which is the default data conversion mode is the best mode for continuous constant rate scanning of each channel in a queue of channels In the paced mode one channel in the channel gain queue is sampled and converted each time the pacer clock emits a pulse The entire channel gain queue is scanned at a rate equal to the pacer clock rate divided by the num ber of channels in the queue Therefore the sample rate the rate at which an individual chan nel in the queue is repetitively sampled is also equal to the pacer clock rate divided by the number of channels in the queue See Figure 2 4 The internal pacer clock is programmable via DriverLINX Burst conversion mode The burst conversion mode is the best mode to use if you need to complete scans of the entire channel gain queue quickly close to simultaneously and initiate scans of the entire queue at a significantly lower rate For example you would use the burst mode if you wish to complete scans of the entire queue at 1000 conversions sec but initiate scans of the entire queue only every second In the burst mode each pulse from the pacer clock initiates a burst of pulses from the burst clock which are emitted at the burst clock rate Each pulse from the burst clock causes one channel in the queue to be sampled and convert
88. acitive Load Power Up Data Transfer Modes D A FIFO Buffer Size D A Control Modes Target Mode Paced Mode Burst Mode Worst Case Inter Burst Skew Specifications Two 16 Bits 500kS s 16 Bits DAC part specification do not audit 10V 5V 0 10V 0 5V 0 003 610uV max 25 C 310 uV C typical 60 ppm C typical SV us 5 mA max Short Circuit to ground 100pF for 100kHz operation typically depending on ESR OV 75mV DMA PCI Bus Master Interrupt Target mode transfer Polled Target mode transfer 2048 Samples Update either D A Update D A converters in sequence Update converters in sequence timed by burst counter 2usec typical A 5 A 6 Specifications Clock Timer Digital I O Counter Timers 82C54 Gain Queue Burst Counter Time Divider Timebases Internal Pacer Clock Rate External Pacer Clock Rate External Pacer Clock Pulse Width Burst Clock Rate A D D A Trigger External Digital Internal Software Internal Analog External Trigger Pulse Width Input Bits Input Low Input High Output Bits Output Low Output High Data Transfer Mode Power on State KPCI 3108 Series User s Manual Three 16 bit counters each user configurable and user accessible Terminal counter in FPGA for each A D D A queue Separate counters for A D and D A burst rate Divides internal clock into 5MHz and 1MHz timebases Intern
89. al Identifying 1 O connector pin assignments for KPCI 3108 You connect a KPCI 3108 board to your signals via two IEEE 1284 36 pin mini D connectors located at the rear of the board e Figure 3 2 and Table 3 1 show and describe pin assignments and signal descriptions for the upper Analog I O connector through which analog I O and multi function digital I O signals are connected Identically numbered assignments and descriptions apply to the terminals on either of the following described in the next section if it is connected to the Analog I O connector An STP 36 Series screw terminal accessory STP 36 or STP 36 C AnSTA 3108 A Series adapter screw terminal accessory STA 3108 A1 STA 3108 A2 STA 3108 A3 Figure 3 2 Pin assignments for KPCI 3108 upper Analog I O connector pin IP5 18 IP4 IP3 28 IP2 IP1 38 IPO OP5 48 OP4 OP3 5 E OP2 OP1 68 OPO DGND 7 E 5 V CH07 LO CH15 HI CHO7 HI CH06 LO CH14 HI CHO6 HI CH05 LO CH13 HI a CHO5 HI CH04 LO CH12 HI CH04 HI CHO03 LO CH11 HI E CHO3 HI CH02 LO CH10 HI B CHO2 HI CH01 LO CHO9 HI B CHO1 HI CHO00 LO CHO8 HI E CHOO HI No connection E 10 V Reference AGND a DAC1 Output AGND a DACO Output KPCI 3108 Series User s Manual Installation 3 9 Table 3 1 Signal descriptions for Analog I O connector pins and screw terminals Pin or terminal Assignment Description 1 IPS Multi function digital input bits use
90. al 10 MHz 100 kHz max 0 0012 Hz min 100kHz max 10 ns min 100 kHz max 500 kHz max pre post about modes start stop pre post about modes pre post about in DMA mode 10ns min Six 6 User configurable as input timebase or gate for each of three 82C54 channels external pacer for A D or D A or Exter nal Digital Trigger Can also be read by software in Target Mode Vi 0 8 V max I 0 2mA max Vin 2 0 V min Ijy 204A max Six 6 User configurable as Target mode outputs 82C54 counter out bits or trigger out Four bits are used as EXP address bits when driving EXP 1600 Vor 0 5 V max IoL 8 mA max Vou 2 7 V min Iop 4004A max Target mode Input High Z KPCI 3108 Series User s Manual Auxiliary High Current Digital I O Number of Bits Data Transfer Mode Input Low Input High Output Low Output High Power on State Power Power Input Power Output Environment Temperature Operating Temperature Nonoperating Humidity Dimensions Specifications A 7 32 bits four 74FCT652 bi directional 8 bit registers Each byte register is separately configurable as input or output Target mode Vy_ 0 8 V max Iq 0 2mA max Vin 2 0 V min ly 20UA max Vor 0 55 V max Ip 64mA max Vou 2 4 V min Ioyq 8mA max Vou 2 0 V min Io 15mA max Input High Z 5 V 430mA typ 1 8A max including user draw of 1A 12
91. al conversions digital to analog conversions data sampling interrupt generation digital I O transfers etc External trigger An analog or digital hardware event from an external source that starts an operation See also Internal trigger Floating Refers to a signal source that is either totally ungrounded a battery for example or is not con nected either directly or indirectly to the building ground or analog signal ground Real floating signal devices do have a finite though very small coupling to ground due to finite insulation resistance and other sources of current leakage Foreground task An operation such as a task that occurs in the single or synchronous mode that cannot take place while another program or routine is running KPCI 3108 Series User s Manual Glossary B 7 Field Programmable Gate Array FPGA A gate array in which the logic network can be programmed into the device after its manufac ture An FPGA consists of an array of logic elements either gates or lookup table RAMs flip flops and programmable interconnect wiring Most FPGAs are reprogrammable because their logic functions and interconnects are defined by RAM cells Others can only be programmed once by closing antifuses and retain their programming permanently In one type part of the array can be reprogrammed while other parts are active FPGA designs are prepared using CAD software tools usually provided by the chip vendor to do tech
92. al screw terminal Level control setting DVM or DMM 36 0 0V Analog output 1 17 or 18 35 0 0V KPCI 3108 Series User s Manual Table 6 5 Troubleshooting 6 35 11 Using your mouse slide the CHO and CH1 level control buttons until the tiny displays at the bottoms of the level controls read 5 0 12 Measure and compare the analog output voltages as indicated in Table 6 5 a Measure the voltages at analog outputs 0 and with your DVM DMM b Compare the voltages you measured in step 12a with the voltages you set via the analog output level control Test connections and readings for mid range analog output connected to upper Analog I O connector connect the DVM or DMM to these terminals on an STP 36 or STP 36 C accessory If board works correctly the following voltages should agree To test this analog Analog output Analog ground output screw terminal screw terminal Analog output 0 36 ERP 17 or 18 Analog output 1 35 Voltage reading at DVM or DMM 5 0V Level control setting 5 0V 13 Based on the measured voltages in steps 10 and 12 take action as follows e If the voltages measured with the DVM DMM do not agree with the level control set tings then there is an apparent problem with the analog output part of your board Stop here and return to the problem isolation step in Problem isolation Scheme F the board that asked you to perform t
93. alog conver sion when the board receives a trigger or gate signal Refer to Triggers and Gates in Section 2 Each board then continues analog conversions at the rate previously set for that board via DriverLINX Figure 3 20 shows two connection schemes for synchronizing multiple boards In both schemes the conversion rate for each board is timed by the internal pacer clock for that board When mak ing terminal connections refer to the preceeding subsection Wiring multi function digital I O signals Figure 3 20 Two connection schemes for synchronizing multiple boards Board 0 L Board 0 Eh Trigger or Rate a TGIN Trigger or Rate a TGIN he Gate F Gate TGOUT H optional 1 r h eH Board 1 B Board 1 e Rate b TGIN Rate b TGIN f H Board 2 L Board 2 Eh Rate c TGIN Rate c TGIN i Er f r A EH a Scheme 1 b Scheme 2 Board synchronization scheme 1 In Scheme 1 start conversions at synchronized boards with one external trigger gate signal Connect the trigger gate inputs of the boards together such that each board receives the trigger or gate input simultaneously A D conversions at each board start 400 100ns after the active edge of a trigger or gate input Therefore boards can be synchronized within 100 100ns For example one board could start conver
94. alog input channels description 2 3 queue arrangement and throughput optimization 2 9 analog output channels description 2 21 definition general purpose digital I O channels See Register general purpose digital I O Checks board and DriverLINX installation 3 7 troubleshooting first checks 6 2 systematic problem isolation 6 3 Circuit block diagram KPCI 3108 board 2 2 contact bounce elimination counter timer 82C54 features on board 2 28 Clock inputs counter timer clock inputs as multi function digital inputs 2 25 description 2 28 wiring 3 39 external pacer clock input as multi function digital input 2 25 wiring 3 39 Clock sources conversion burst clock and burst conversion modd 2 12 and pacer clock rate 2 14 and simultaneous sample and hold SSH 2 14 description 2 14 external pacer clocks active edge of signal rate requirements wiring XPCLK input 2 13 internal pacer clock and paced conversion mode 2 12 description 2 13 use in burst conversion mode 2 12 software clock description 2 13 CMRR definition See Common mode rejection ratio CMRR definition Cold junction definition B 4 Cold junction compensation definition B Common mode rejection ratio CMRR definition B 4 Common mode voltage and differential inputs 3 30 definition B 4 Connecting analog input signals avoiding problems at high gaing 3 33 differential inputs and bridge
95. ameters must be compared at exactly the same instant in time Single ended input data acquisition An analog input circuit that measures the voltage at one input terminal relative to a common ground See also Differential input Software trigger A programmed event that starts an operation such as data acquisition SSH See Simultaneous Sample and Hold SSH Strobe A timing signal that initiates and coordinates the passage of data typically through an input or output device interface Target mode A PCI bus mode in which data from a data acquisition board is transferred indirectly to the computer memory in the foreground via the host computer CPU instead of directly via Bus mastering Sometimes referred to as pass through operation See also bus mastering and foreground task Temperature coefficient A change in the value of a measured or sourced signal with a change in temperature The tem perature coefficient is commonly expressed as an absolute or relative change or both per degree C or degree F Termination mode Refers to the mode in which a user connects signals to the multiplexer and internally to the differential amplifier of a data acquisition board The choices are single ended mode or differ ential mode See also Single ended input data acquisition Differential input KPCI 3108 Series User s Manual Glossary B 13 Thermal emfs Temperature dependent voltages that develop across junctions of dissimilar m
96. anel Channel 0 corresponding to the twelve multi function digital I O bits appears as dark gray squares The configuration of the twelve bits is fixed six are always inputs and six are always outputs Valid channels and settings appear as white squares when OFF and green squares when ON When the manual is printed in black and white valid channels and settings appear as white squares when OFF and as light gray squares when ON The two digit numeric displays under Input Bits and Output Bits show the hexadecimal values of the adjacent bit patterns To configure a valid channel either for input or output use the Digi tal Channel Configuration Panel Click on either the Input or Output square below the channel number To turn ON output channel bits use the Digital Output Panel First select the channel number of the bits to be turned on by clicking on the appropriate square under Channels Then turn ON a bit by clicking the appropriate square under Output Bits Turn OFF a bit in the same way KPCI 3108 Series User s Manual Troubleshooting 6 41 To read an input channel bit use the Digital Input Panel First select the channel number to be checked by clicking the appropriate square under Channels Then read the numbered bit under Input Bits OFF input bits appear as black dots and ON input bits appear as green dots When the manual is printed in black and white OF F input bits appear as black dots and ON input bits appear as li
97. ard has analog outputs for example you have a KPCI 3108 board You have done the analog output software test at least once Your software did not pass the analog output software test the last time you tried e If all three of the following apply then assume that you do not need to repeat the analog output software test However by process of elimination you failed the digital I O soft ware test the last time you tried Go to step 5 and repeat the digital I O software test Your board has analog outputs for example you have a KPCI 3108 board You have done the analog output software test at least once Your software passed the analog output software test the last time you tried e If your board does not have analog outputs for example a KPCI 3107 board then by process of elimination you failed the digital I O software test the last time you tried Go to step 5 and repeat the digital I O software test You arrived at this point from step 8 because presumably you have a commercial or other wise unmodifiable applications program that is assumed to be proven Contact the maker of your software to determine whether you have a version designed to work with the KPCI 3108 version of DriverLINX For example not all versions of TestPoint will work with KPCI 3108 DriverLINX Also check whether the program is installed correctly Select your next step in Scheme C based on the criteria given in the following alternatives
98. as ON and OFF Keyboard keys such as ENTER 10 point Courier distinguishes software code statements Double quote marks distinguish the following Cross references to other manual sections chapters such as Troubleshooting Literals such as the Analog and Digital labels on I O connectors How to move around the electronic version of the manual When reading the electronic PDF version of this manual use Acrobat Reader View and Tools menu Selections to move generally through the manual Additionally mouse click on special links in the manual to jump directly to the page of a referenced item as follows Mouse click the top margin of any page to jump to the Table of Contents Mouse click on any Index or Table of Contents TOC page number to jump to the page Mouse click on any of these cross references to jump to the cross referenced figure table section or step cross references are not framed in red in contrast to the Index and Table of Contents page numbers Figure number headings such as Figure 2 3 Table number headings such as Table 1 2 Section chapter headings that are enclosed in quotes such as System requirements Step or substep numbers letters of a specific procedure such as the 6 in step 6 or 66 such as the g in substep g or step 6g NOTE For step numbers click directly on the number or letter For example in across refe
99. asurement e Event counting e Pulse output e Period measurement In addition to basic I O support DriverLINX also provides e Built in capabilities to handle memory and data buffer management e A selection of starting and stopping trigger events including pre triggering mid point trig gering and post triggering protocols e Extensive error checking e Context sensitive on line help system DriverLINX is essentially hardware independent because its portable APIs Application Programming Interfaces work across various operat ing systems This capability eliminates unnecessary programming when changing operating system platforms TestPoint TestPoint is a fully featured integrated application package that incorporates many commonly used math analysis report generation and graphics functions The TestPoint graphical drag and drop interface can be used to create data acquisition applications without programming for IEEE 488 instruments data acquisition boards and RS232 485 instruments and devices TestPoint includes features for controlling external devices responding to events processing data creating report files and exchanging information with other Windows programs It pro vides libraries for controlling most popular GPIB instruments OCX and ActiveX controls plug directly into TestPoint allowing additional features from third party suppliers TestPoint interfaces with your KPCI 3108 board through DriverLINX usin
100. at a fixed gain or in the case of a Programmable Gain Instrumentation Amplifier PGIA at a gain set using a digi tal control signal See also Differential amplifier Differential input Drift Common Mode Rejection Ratio CMRR Internal pacer clock See Pacer clock Integral linearity See Linearity Internal trigger A software generated event that starts an operation See also External trigger Interrupt For a data acquisition board a signal to the CPU indicating that the board detected a condition or event calling for special processing An interrupt causes the CPU to temporarily stop the current processing task complete the special processing task and then return to the original processing task See also Interrupt level Interrupt mode operation Interrupt Service Routine ISR Interrupt level A specific priority that ensures that high priority interrupts are serviced before low priority interrupts Interrupt mode operation Mode in which a data acquisition board acquires or generates samples using an Interrupt Service Routine ISR Interrupt Service Routine ISR A software program that handles interrupts ISA Bus Industry Standard Architecture A 16 bit wide bus architecture used in most MS DOS and Windows computers Sometimes called the AT bus Least Significant Bit LSB The lowest order bit usually the rightmost bit in the binary representation of a digital quantity Measurement precision or accuracy is sometimes
101. ath ecccccccccsccceciecasecstelecancecacevsescacssdectieaseccacenchacedesancastscksdndanecsvaes deevacdscdetaesiecel 3 34 Figure 3 18 Figure 3 19 Figure 3 20 Figure 3 21 4 Figure 4 1 Figure 4 2 Figure 4 3 Figure 4 4 Figure 4 5 Figure 4 6 5 Figure 5 1 Figure 5 2 Figure 5 3 Figure 5 4 6 Figure 6 1 Figure 6 2 Figure 6 3 Figure 6 4 Figure 6 5 Figure 6 6 Figure 6 7 Figure 6 8 Figure 6 9 Figure 6 10 Figure 6 11 Figure 6 12 Figure 6 13 Figure 6 14 Figure 6 15 Figure 6 16 Figure 6 17 Figure 6 18 Figure 6 19 Figure 6 20 Figure 6 21 Figure 6 22 Figure 6 23 Figure 6 24 Figure 6 25 Figure 6 26 Figure 6 27 Figure 6 28 Figure 6 29 Vi Analog and digital ground pathy csser eris aictecubesadccesnevbeucesavevens E EEEIEE NE EEEa OE EEEE Ed 3 36 Contact de bounice Cit ssccc sesssecsaesesasies rases neren re EE E EEEE EEE ER Eo EE EREKE E EAE EE ETETE EEE E REEE d 3 36 Two connection schemes for synchronizing multiple boards sseeseseesesesreseesrererstsrererstnrererserrersenee 3 42 Analog and digital ground patho eee eee esseeeeeeceseeceecoeecaecoeescecsaesaecneessessessseeseesseeseseaeesasesessaecaeeaae aed 3 44 DriverLINX Test Panels Analog I O Panel oscilloscope utility 2 cseseeceecesececeseeeceseeeeceeeeeeseaeeeeecaeeeaecaessaecasaesneseaeeeeaeed Analog I O Panel digital voltmeter Utility eee ceeeeeceeceeeceeceseeseceseeeeeeseseeeeseseaecaeeeaecaassaecaesaeeneeeaeed Analog I O Panel
102. ation example 2 28 hardware clocks external description XPCLK input 2 13 software clock description _2 13 Pass through mode definition See Target mode defiinition synopsis 1 5 PCI definition B 9 Peak definition _B 9 Peak to peak definition _B 9 PGIA definition See Instrumentation amplifier defini tion Pin assignments KPCI 3108 Analog connecto KPCI 3108 Digital Bee car STA 3108 A1 50 pin header 3 18 STA 3108 A2 37 pin connector 3 21 STA 3108 D1 50 pin header 3 27 STP 36 and STP 36 C terminals corresponding when connected to KPCI 3108 Analog connector 3 15 when connected to KPCI 3108 Digital connector 3 16 Plug and Play definition B 9 feature synopsis 1 4 PnP definition See Plug and Play definition Polarity modes definition B 10 See also Bipolar definition See also Unipolar definitition input modes choosing 2 6 definition B 10 Port group definition B 10 Port I O call definition B 10 Positive edge triggering and analog input signa and external digital trigger definition B 10 Post trigger acquisition mode definition description 2 18 Power 5 VDC for external circuits 3 43 requirements for computer Power 5V output to external circuits 2 33 p p definition See Peak to peak definition Preamplification external for throughput maximization 2 9 Port Precautions board power using 2 33
103. ators transformers fluorescent lights CRT displays computers and radio transmitters OCX Abbreviation for OLE Custom Control Also referred to as ActiveX control Offset voltage data acquisition An error voltage that appears in series with an analog input terminal of a data acquisition board and is generated by the input circuits of the board Paced mode A data acquisition analog to digital conversion mode in which one sample is converted follow ing each pulse of a pacer clock That is the conversion rate equals the pacer clock rate See also Pacer clock Conversion rate Sample rate and Analog to digital converter Pacer clock An internal on board or external clock that emits pulses that are used to pace or time events such as analog to digital conversions digital to analog conversions data sampling interrupt generation digital I O transfers etc p P See peak to peak Peak The highest magnitude either positive or negative For a signal that is symmetrical about zero peak 1 2 See also peak to peak Peak to peak The difference between the minimum value and maximum value of an alternating signal Pacer clock rate The rate at which timing pulses are emitted from a pacer clock See also Pacer clock and Paced mode Pass through mode See Target mode PCI Abbreviation for Peripheral Component Interconnect It is a standard for a local bus PGIA See Instrumentation amplifier B 10 Glossary KPCI 31
104. ave presumably found and corrected some program bugs Select the next step in Scheme C based on the criteria given in the following alternatives e If both of the following statements are true then the cause of your problem may be out side the scope of these diagnostics Read the instructions in Technical support and then contact Keithley for help in isolating the cause of your problem You are at this point after having debugged the source code at least once and after having failed the I O software tests at least a second time You have tried to find more code bugs after two or more I O test failures and cannot find any more bugs e If none or only one of the above statements are true then continue with step 11 and selectively redo I O software tests Select your next step in Scheme C based on the criteria given in the following alternatives e If you have done the analog input software test at least once AND your software did not pass the analog input software test the last time then return to step and redo that test e If you have done the analog input software test at least once AND your software passed the analog input software test the last time then assume that you do not need to repeat it Continue with step 12 Select your next step in Scheme C based on the criteria given in the following alternatives e If all three of the following apply then return to step 3 and redo the analog output soft ware test Your bo
105. ber on the outside of the package A Specifications A 2 Specifications Analog inputs Number of Channels A D FIFO Buffer Size Channel Gain Queue Length A D Resolution Input Gain and Range KPCI 3108 Series User s Manual 8 Differential or 16 Single Ended Software Configurable in gain queue Differential and Single ended readings may be mixed 2048 Samples 256 Entries 16 Bits Gain Range Bipolar V Range Unipolar V 1 10 0 to 10 2 5 0 to 5 4 2 5 0 to 2 5 8 1 25 0 to 1 25 10 1 0 to 1 20 0 5 0 to 0 5 40 0 25 0 to 0 25 80 0 125 0 to 0 125 100 0 1 0 to 0 100 200 0 05 0 to 0 050 400 0 025 0 to 0 025 800 0 0125 0 to 0 0125 Input Range Selection Input Overvoltage Input Bias Current Input Impedance Single Channel Throughput Software selectable via channel gain queue entry Unipolar and Bi Polar readings may be mixed Voltage between Input terminal and ground 35V continuous powered 15V continuous unpowered Note Input ground chassis ground and earth ground are internally connected together 1 nA typical per channel 25 C IGQ or greater in parallel with 200pF or less all gains 100kS s KPCI 3108 Series User s Manual Specifications A 3 Scanning Throughput Typical scanning rate at which switching introduces less than 0 015 of difference between adjacent readings and ty
106. ble 3 1 Figure 3 3 and Table 3 2 in Section 3 of this manual In Figure 2 2a the board connects differential channel 00 to the amplifier and A D converter as follows e The multiplexer at left and a solid state switch connect the high level voltage of the channel 00 signal to the input high terminal of the instrumentation amplifier e The multiplexer at right and a solid state switch connect the low level voltage of the channel 00 signal to the input low terminal of the instrumentation amplifier KPCI 3108 Series User s Manual Functional Description 2 5 Figure 2 2 Multiplexing of 16 input terminals in mixed differential and single ended termination modes sce To Analog to a Channel 00 connected to amplifier and A D converter Digital ID Converter Hi Differential Channel 00 Instrumentation Amplifier Lo AGND Analo Ground 07 LO 15 HI Multiplexer Multiplexer b Channel 01 connected to amplifier and A D converter Dal CoD Converter Hi Differential Channel 00 s Instrumentation Amplifier Lo 00 HI Signal 00 LO 08 HI AGND Analo Ground 07 LO 15 HI Multiplexer Multiplexer ce To Analog to c Channel 09 connected to amplifier and A D converter Digital A D Converter Hi Differential Channel 00 A Instrumentation Amplifier Lo 00 HI Signal 00 LO 08 HI AGND Analo Ground 07 LO 15 HI Multiplexer Multiplexer
107. ble to interface your KPCI 3108 board to external circuits are listed in Table 1 2 Table 1 3 and Table 1 4 Table 1 2 Channel expansion signal conditioning and digital I O accessories Accessory EXP 1800 Description Expansion accessory Expands one KPCI 3108 single ended analog input channel into 16 differential analog input channels MB 01 MB 05 Signal conditioning module rack Accommodates up to 16 MB Series modules Each module is connected to one single ended analog input channel of a KPCI 3108 board Signal conditioning module rack Accommodates up to eight MB Series modules Each module is connected to one single ended analog input channel of a KPCI 3108 board STA MB MB 02 Signal conditioning module box screw terminal accessory Accommodates up to four MB Series modules Each module is connected to one single ended analog input channel of a KPCI 3108 board Signal conditioning module channel expansion rack Accommodates up to 16 MB Series modules All 16 modules are multiplexed to one single ended analog input channel of a KPCI 3108 board PB 24 PB 24SM Industry standard relay baseboard Accommodates 24 standard size solid state relay modules Each module is connected to one general purpose digital output bit of a KPCI 3108 board Industry standard relay baseboard Accommodates 24 miniature SM Series solid state relay modules Each module is connected to one general purpose digital outpu
108. boards removed in Scheme A Any of the boards removed in Scheme A fail digital I O hardware test Get Keithley Replace the bad board s removed in help Scheme A with a known good board s One or more boards removed in Scheme A were bad replacement likely solved the problem Go to Scheme G 6 26 Troubleshooting KPCI 3108 Series User s Manual Problem isolation Scheme G verification of problem solution In Scheme G you put your system back together and verify that it works after apparently resolving the problem in prior schemes Refer to Figure 6 16 and the written amplification fol lowing it NOTE This is not a stand alone procedure Use it only when it is called for by another procedure Figure 6 16 Problem isolation Scheme G verification of problem solution From Scheme A B C D E or F 1 If not done already reinstall good board s in good PCI slots 1 Restore external user connections 2 Repeat the task that you were doing when the problem originally occurred 3 Does your system now perform satisfactorily Get Keithley help Follow these amplified instructions as you perform Scheme G 1 Assuming that the problem has been resolved do the following a Turn OFF the computer b Install good KPCI 3108 boards in good slots c Reconnect all external circuits If you left external circuits connected to the screw termi nal accessory connect the accessory to your boa
109. ce However you can simultaneously use a software trigger source to start analog input conversions while simulta neously using either an internal or external pacer clock source for other I O operations Burst clock source In the burst mode the burst clock sets the rate at which burst pulses are emitted and individual channels in the channel gain queue are converted The burst clock works with the pacer clock which sets the rate at which groups of burst pulses are initiated See Figure 2 4 Burst clock and pacer clock frequencies are programmable as follows e The burst clock rate can be set via DriverLINX The maximum acceptable burst mode con version clock rate is gain sensitive as explained in Throughput e The pacer clock rate should be set no higher than the burst clock rate divided by the number of channels in the channel gain queue Triggers are external digital signals or in some cases threshold crossings of analog signals Triggers act at a single instant in time in contrast to gates which start analog input operations when the gate is turned on and stop the input operations when the gate is turned off Refer also to Gates in this section Trigger sources Trigger sources may be internal or external as follows e Internal triggers An internal trigger is a software command that starts or stops data acquisition e External digital triggers An external digital trigger is the rising or falling edge of a TTL
110. ch file directly from the CD ROM by double clicking on Y DrvLINX4 Help kpci3108 bat where Y the drive letter of your CD ROM drive 3 Run the Wizard by following the progressive instructions on the screen 4 Continue with Checking the combined board and DriverLINX installations Checking the combined board and DriverLINX installations Before making any connections to the board check whether DriverLINX and your board are installed correctly and working together properly Do this using the first two steps of Problem isolation Scheme B installation in Section 6 The first two steps evaluate whether the Driver LINX Analog I O Panel utility starts properly If the Panel does not start properly at first remaining steps lead you through diagnostic and remedial efforts If necessary steps lead you to deinstall then reinstall DriverLINX and the board Do the following 1 Turn ON your computer and boot Windows 95 98 or NT 2 Perform the first two steps of Problem isolation Scheme B installation in Section 6 3 If you cannot initially run the Analog I O Panel perform additional steps of Problem isola tion Scheme B installation as directed 4 After DriverLINX and your board are installed properly and working together continue with Identifying I O connector pin assignments for KPCI 3108 and then Connecting interface accessories to a KPCI 3108 board 3 8 Installation KPCI 3108 Series User s Manu
111. circuits are powered can damage the com puter the board and the external circuit Do not connect the 5V output pins to external power supplies Connecting the 5V output pins to external power supplies may damage the external supplies the board and the computer Do not draw more than 1 0A total from all 5V output pins com bined Drawing more than 1 0A total may damage the board Also keep in mind that the 5V output comes from the computer power bus Know the limits of the computer 5V power bus and the current drawn from it by other boards and devices Other demands on the 5V power bus may limit the current drawn from your board to less than 1 0A 3 44 Installation KPCI 3108 Series User s Manual NOTE KPCI 3108 boards contain separate ground connections for analog and digital signals Use the analog ground AGND for analog signals and analog power use the digital ground DGND for digital signals and other power supply returns Do this to avoid interference from digital switching noise currents on sensitive analog signals However be aware that both analog and digital grounds are tied together at the board PCI connector and are ultimately connected to the building system ground via the mains See Figure 3 21 I O connector pin assignments and descriptions for AGND and DGND are provided in Figure 3 2 Figure 3 3 Table 3 1 and Table 3 2 Figure 3 21 Analog and digital ground path KPCI 3108 Board I O Con
112. ck internal description 2 13 hardware clocks external description XPCLK inpu 2 13 software clock description 2 13 Conversion rate definition Conversion time definition Counter timers clock inputs description 2 25 J2 28 count inputs See Counter timers clock inputs de scription enable inputs See Counter timers gate inputs de scription feature noted 1 5 features general discussion 2 28 for internal conversion clock 2 13 gate inputs description 2 28 modes available Hardware triggered strobe mode description 2 33 mode 0 description 2 30 mode 1 description 2 31 mode 2 description 2 mode 3 description 2 32 mode 4 description 2 32 mode 5 description 2 33 programmable one shot mode description 2 31 pulse on terminal count mode description 2 30 rate generator mode description 2 31 software triggered strobe mode description 2 32 square wave generator mode description 2 32 outputs description 2 28 pacer clock example application 2 28 wiring 3 41 CPU required for KPCI 3108 1 6 Cross references using in electronic manual moving from the point of reference to the referenced text returning from the referenced text to the point of reference Crosstalk definition B 4 E j i D A converter definition See Digital to analog convert er definition DACs digital to analog converters calibrating 5 6 definition See Digital to a
113. compatible signal that is con nected to bit IP1 pin 3 of the upper Analog I O connector Bit IP1 is a multi function digital input therefore you must use software to configure it as the trigger in TGIN input Also use software to program whether analog input operations start on either positive or neg ative triggering which are defined as follows Positive edge triggering Triggering occurs on the rising edge of the trigger signal Negative edge triggering Triggering occurs on the falling edge of the trigger signal KPCI 3108 Series User s Manual Functional Description 2 15 Analog triggers An analog trigger is an event that occurs at a rising or falling voltage level on an analog input signal Two software selectable voltages specify where the analog trigger occurs the trigger level and the threshold level As shown in Figure 2 5 if the threshold level is greater than the trigger level triggering occurs on a negative slope If the threshold level is less than the trig ger level triggering occurs on a positive slope In the KPCI 3108 an analog trigger works specifically in the about trigger acquisition mode The acquisition is started by another internal or external trigger and continues after the ana log trigger event until a specified number of samples has been acquired For more informa tion concerning about trigger acquisition refer to Trigger acquisition modes later in Section 2 Refer to your
114. ction The functions of the first five multi function output bits OPO through OP4 are configured in fixed groups rather than individually Refer to Table 2 5 There are three group configuration modes mode 0 mode 1 and mode 2 In any given mode the bit functions of OPO through OP4 are fixed bit functions from the other two modes cannot be interlaced or overlapped e Mode 0 is the general purpose output mode In mode 0 outputs OPO through OP4 can be used as target mode digital outputs The bits are set and cleared via a DriverLINX service request e Mode 1 is the counter timer and acquisition control output mode In mode 1 outputs OPO through OP4 provide access to all three counter timer outputs and to two key acquisition control outputs e Mode 2 is the multiplexer control mode In mode 2 outputs OPO through OP4 control address and gain selection of external multiplexers as used in channel expansion accessories such as the EXP 1800 and MB 02 2 24 Functional Description KPCI 3108 Series User s Manual However the sixth multi function output bit OPS is configured individually independently of mode 0 mode 1 and mode 2 for any of a variety of special functions This bit gives you access to TGOUT an output that tracks the pacer clock or the output of one counter timer even when controlling external multiplexers Refer to Table 2 5 Table 2 5 Specific bit assignments and descriptions for multi function digital outputs
115. d As described in the International Electrotechnical Commission IEC Standard IEC 664 digital multimeter measuring circuits e g Keithley Models 175A 199 2000 2001 2002 and 2010 are Installation Category II All other instruments signal terminals are Installation Category I and must not be connected to mains Do not connect switching cards directly to unlimited power circuits They are intended to be used with impedance limited sources NEVER connect switching cards directly to AC mains When con necting sources to switching cards install protective devices to lim it fault current and voltage to the card Before operating an instrument make sure the line cord is connect ed to a properly grounded power receptacle Inspect the connecting cables test leads and jumpers for possible wear cracks or breaks before each use For maximum safety do not touch the product test cables or any other instruments while power is applied to the circuit under test ALWAYS remove power from the entire test system and discharge any capacitors before connecting or disconnecting cables or jump ers installing or removing switching cards or making internal changes such as installing or removing jumpers Do not touch any object that could provide a current path to the common side of the circuit under test or power line earth ground Always make measurements with dry hands while standing on a dry insulated surface capable of withstanding
116. de A data acquisition triggering mode in which the data acquisition is started by an internal or external trigger then continues after a trigger event until a specified number of samples has been acquired See also Trigger data acquisition and Trigger modes Absolute accuracy A measure of the uncertainty of an instrument reading compared to that of a primary standard having absolute traceability to the National Institute of Standards and Technology Accuracy is often separated into gain and offset terms See also Rated accuracy Active edge The positive rising edge of a trigger signal or the negative falling edge Data acquisition systems typically may be configured to interpret specifically a positive edge or specifically a negative edge as a trigger event See also Trigger data acquisition and Trigger polarity Acquisition time In general the minimum amount of time that an analog signal must be present at the input of an analog to digital A D converter for an A D conversion to take place For a sampling A D con verter which contains a sample and hold SH front end the acquisition time specifies the time that the analog signal must be present at the SH front end before the A D conversion starts Acquisition time is also referred to as Aperture time and Sample window See also Analog to digital converter Sampling analog to digital converter Sample and hold A D converter See Analog to digital converter ADC See Analog to d
117. definition See Simultaneous sample and hold SSH definition STA 3108 A1 interface accessory connecting KPCI 3108 to connector pin assignments STA 3108 A2 interface accessory connecting KPCI 3108 A connector pin assignments STA 3108 A3 interface accessory connecting KPCI 3108 tof 3 22 STA 3108 D1 interface accesso connecting KPCI 3108 ean STA MB interface accessory connecting KPCI 3108 tof 3 19 Strobe definition System requirements System basic systematic problem isolation for 6 4 Systematic problem isolation for application software 6 20 for basic syste specified hardware I O tests specified software I O test verification of problem solution 6 26 Target mode definitio synopsis 1 5 Technical support 6 55 Temperature coefficient definition B 12 Termination modes input choosing definition See also Differential input definition See also Single ended input definition Test panels Analog I O Panel AIO Panel description in general 4 2 digital I O utility description 4 4 using in General purpose digital I O hard ware test 6 38 digital voltmeter utility description 4 3 using in Analog input hardware test 6 28 function generator utility description _4 3 level control utility description 4 4 using in Analog output hardware test 6 33 oscilloscope utilit descaption 21 starting 4 5 using in installation check problem isolation 6 10 cal
118. digital inputs and outputs es sseessssetsesesrssestssesterrsttststeesrtssrtesereesreestentsteseerrnseressere Multi function digital inputs and OUtPUES 0 ee eeeeceeeecsseceseeceecessseeeeceseeesaeceeeecsaeceaeeceecessaeeeneeeaeeeeaeeeneed Countertimer TEALUIES v5 cic siscss oeio a redeo EEES E de ENEE EE EREE EOE E R R EE E Counter timer general discussion Counter timer operational modes POWEL cnan na E E E E aati RE N EE ii Installation Installinig th SoftWare crese e ea A E E EEEa RA EEA EEN E E ES ESS SOLE Ware sO POIs EE A E E Sales oyasdesien sete eieliaaes Installing DriverLINX Installing application software and Crivers cece csseeseceeceseceeeeseeeeceeeeeaeeaeecaecseecaecsaecseceaeeaeserseeseeeeaes 3 4 Installing and wiring to the KPCI 3108 board 00 ceeceseeseceseeseceeeeeceeeeeeeeeeeeeesaesseecaeeseecaecaeaesaeeeaeens 3 5 Installing the Doan iriser coved cheasevasheveiscepabe sons Vansehicsbiaensadbeasacsbincedesdbeahtesnns e EEE E EREE ORED RETES 3 6 Checking the combined board and DriverLINX installations 200 00 eee eeeecceeeeeeeeseeeeecaeeceeceesaeesaeeaeens 3 7 Identifying I O connector pin assignments for KPCI 3108 ee ceeeecsesecseeeeeceseceeeececsaeeeeseseecneeseeaeeneeaees 3 8 Connecting interface accessories to a KPCI 3108 board 00 eee ceseeeeceeceseceeeeseeeeeeeseeetseeeeeeaeeeaeeaey 3 12 Wiring a alog Iput SONAL S sss cssersssscveustssssszsesscancsasesceassteaceecaescnscssava
119. e 6 20 If so click the scroll buttons next to the Driver Selection and Device Selection text boxes until your KPCI 3108 board type and device number are displayed All six tabs will then be displayed 6 34 Troubleshooting KPCI 3108 Series User s Manual Table 6 4 7 Click the Level Control tab The on screen analog output level control appears similar to Figure 6 21 Figure 6 21 On screen analog output level control DriverLINX Analog 170 Panel op x File Help Setup Scope Meter SST Level Control Dio Push corresponding buttons to enable channel output 8 Using your mouse slide the CHO level control button until the tiny display at the bottom of the level control reads 0 0 volts 9 In the same way set the CH1 level control so that its tiny display reads 0 0 volts 10 Measure and compare the analog output voltages as indicated in Table 6 4 a Measure the voltages at analog outputs 0 and 1 with your DVM DMM b Compare the voltages you measured in step 10a with the voltages you set via the analog output level control Test connections and readings for zero voltage analog output connected to upper Analog I O connector To test this analog output Analog output 0 connect the DVM or DMM to these If board works correctly the terminals on an STP 36 or STP 36 C accessory following voltages should agree Analog output Analog ground Voltage reading at screw termin
120. e DACs are listed in Appendix A WARNING Do NOT intersperse data acquisition connections with AC line con nections Keep data acquisition cables and connections away from any AC line connections Interconnections or shorting between data and power lines can result in personal injury or death or extensive damage to your computer To prevent this problem ensure that all connections are tight and sound so that signal wires are unlikely to come loose and short to hazardous voltages CAUTION Ensure that both the computer and the external circuit are turned OFF before making any connections Making connections while the computer and external circuits are powered can damage the com puter the board and the external circuit Ensure that connected loads do not draw more than 5 mA the max imum allowable output current for the board NOTE Avoid large capacitive loads at the analog outputs Capacitive loads higher than 100uF destabilize the analog outputs and make them sus ceptible to ringing transient oscillations KPCI 3108 boards contain separate ground connections for analog and digital signals Use the analog ground AGND for analog signals and analog power use the digital ground DGND for digital signals and other power supply returns Do this to avoid interference from digital switching noise currents on sensitive analog signals However be aware that both analog and digital grounds are tied together at the board PCI connector and ar
121. e If you are certain at this point that your application program is the correct version AND is properly installed then the cause of your problem may be outside the scope of these diagnostics Read the instructions in Technical support and then contact Keithley for help in isolating the cause of your problem Also contact Keithley if you have been unable to find out elsewhere whether you have the correct version of software e If you are uncertain at this point that your application program is properly installed then reinstall it now When you are satisfied that it is properly installed go to step 11 and retry selected I O software tests KPCI 3108 Series User s Manual Troubleshooting 6 23 Problem isolation Scheme D expansion slot connectors In Scheme D you further check and try to remedy apparent expansion slot malfunctions Refer to Figure 6 13 NOTE This is not a stand alone procedure Use it only when it is called for by another procedure Figure 6 13 Problem isolation Scheme D expansion slot connectors From Scheme A Determine the PCI devices already found by the host computer ref Scheme A Step 5 In slot where board was not detected as a new PCI device in Scheme A only one assumed remove and securely reseat the OK board at least two times leave it seated Check for a new PCI device ref Scheme A Step 7 OK board now found as a new PCI device in the slot tested N Is there a free
122. e OK Go to Scheme G Go to Scheme G 4 Get Next tests look for board Keithley help independent problems 5 Determine what PCI devices have already been found by computer 6 7 Install OK board in slot of a board removed in Step 1 and check if PCI resources list now includes a new device 8 Have you checked all boards removed in Step 1 9 Are all slots checked with Y OK board seen as PCI N devices DriverLINX may not be installed correctly and or the Apparent expansion slot board may not be properly problem recognized by DriverLINX Go to Go to Scheme B Scheme D Follow these amplified instructions as you perform Scheme A 1 Remove and inspect the KPCI 3108 board s for damage as follows a Shut down Windows 95 98 NT and turn OFF power to the host computer b Turn OFF power to all external circuits and accessories connected to the KPCI 3108 board s that is installed 6 6 Troubleshooting KPCI 3108 Series User s Manual c Disconnect STP 36 or STP 36 C screw terminal accessories from your KPCI 3108 board s d Remove the KPCI 3108 boards from the computer making note of the socket s in which the board s was installed If more than one KPCI 3108 board is installed remove all boards and note which board was in which socket e Visually inspect all removed KPCI 3108 board s for damage Based on the results of 1 do the following e If th
123. e board s you removed in step is obviously damaged then repair or replace the board Refer to Technical support for information on returning the board for repair or replacement Skip to Problem isolation Scheme G verification of problem solution e If the board s you removed in step 1 is not obviously damaged then continue with step 3 and check for host computer malfunction Check if the computer functions satisfactorily by itself Proceed as follows a Place the board s that you removed from the computer in step 1 in an electrostatically safe location Do not reinstall it b Turn ON power to the host computer c Perform all needed diagnostics to determine whether your computer hardware and oper ating system are functioning properly Based on the results of step 3 do one of the following e If you find no computer or operating system malfunctions in step 3 then the problem likely lies elsewhere take action as follows If you do not have another KPCI 3108 board that you know is good i e works prop erly read the instructions in Technical support Then contact Keithley for help in isolating the cause of your problem If you have another KPCI 3108 board that you know is good i e works properly then continue with step 5 Preferably the good KPCI 3108 board should have the same model number as the board s that was removed Alternatively a different KPCI 3108 board that minimally has all
124. e drop across it is rejected as a common mode voltage In the lower circuit of Figure 3 15 the grounding connection for a bridge circuit powered by a ground referenced power supply is the same as for a floating bridge When the bridge has a ground referenced power supply the common mode voltage is the sum of the voltage drop across the ground line and the voltage drop across Rg of the bridge Figure 3 15 Satisfactory differential input connections that avoid a ground loop with ground referenced signals Channel n High KPCI 3108 Board Signal Source Ground Vg1 Do not join Low to AGND at the computer Channel n High KPCI 3108 Board Internally ground coupled Where Ry is a variable resistor for balancing the bridge KPCI 3108 Series User s Manual Installation 3 33 Figure 3 16 illustrates how NOT to connect a differential input If the analog ground and input low terminal of the KPCI 3108 board are joined near the board a ground loop current flows in the negative signal lead The voltage difference across this signal lead is then a component of the measured signal not a common mode voltage A differential amplifier cannot reject this unwanted signal component Figure 3 16 Improper differential input connection which creates a ground loop error Channel n High Channel n Low Est Vem r Vem AGND V KPCI 3108 Board Signal Source Ground Vet g2 _ Rwire NOTE Vem Vegi Vg2 This d
125. e in the signal measurement IEEE 488 See GPIB Input bias current The current that flows at the input of an analog measurement circuit due to internal circuitry and bias voltage Also at conditions of zero input signal and offset voltage the current that must be supplied to the input high measuring terminal to reduce the output indication to zero The input bias current is drawn through the source resistance of a signal source Therefore in critical and or low level measurements bias current compensation or attention to source resistance may be required to minimize errors Input Output 1 0 The process of transferring data to and from a computer controlled system using its communica tion channels operator interface devices data acquisition devices or control interfaces Also refers to the electrical inputs and outputs for data signals For example one may say that a data acquisition board provides both digital and analog I O meaning digital and analog inputs and outputs B 8 Glossary KPCI 3108 Series User s Manual Input output port A channel through which data is transferred between an input or output device and the processor Instrumentation amplifier A high performance differential amplifier having high input impedance at both the input high and input low terminals and typically characterized by high common mode rejection ratio CMRR and low drift An instrumentation amplifier normally operates either
126. e it as the external pacer clock XPCLK input Also use software to select the active edge of the signal to be recognized as a clock pulse either a positive rising edge or a negative falling edge By using an external pacer clock source you can sample at rates unavailable through the 82C54 counter timer at uneven intervals or in response to external events An external pacer clock source also allows you to synchronize multiple boards via a common timing signal You can use the external pacer clock source in the paced conversion mode to pace individual analog to digital and or digital to analog conversions You can use the external pacer clock source in the burst conversion mode to pace space bursts of conversions Refer to Figure 2 4 NOTE The A D converter converts samples at a maximum of 100 ksamples s one sample every 10 0us and the practical throughput is lower in some applications Refer to the previous section entitled Through put If you use an external clock ensure that it does not initiate con versions more frequently than the maximum throughput for your data acquisition setup 2 14 Functional Description KPCI 3108 Series User s Manual Triggers NOTE Keep in mind that the maximum sample rate for an individual channel equals the maximum throughput divided by the number of channels in the channel gain queue NOTE You cannot simultaneously use an external pacer clock source and the internal pacer clock sour
127. e low In some cases the bias resistance Rj can be zero That is you can connect a lead directly between the analog ground and the negative terminal of the signal source However the following then occurs e Electrostatically coupled noise in the negative signal lead is shunted directly to ground and does not affect the negative signal input e Electrostatically coupled noise in the positive signal lead is not shunted directly to ground and causes a net noise voltage at the positive signal input The net voltage at the positive signal input cannot be rejected by the common mode rejection capabilities of the KPCI 3108 Therefore depending on the source resistance Rg and or the electrostatic noise pickup it is frequently better to use a larger bias resistance R to help balance the ground return paths of the positive and negative signals The higher resistance makes the ground paths and noise cou pling in the positive and negative signals more similar The noise that is common to both positive and negative signals can then be rejected as part of the common mode voltage If the source resistance is less than 100 ohms you may select the bias return resistance as follows Bias return resistance Ry 10 000 Source resistance Rg if Rg lt 100Q Using two bias return resistors top circuit of Figure 3 14 You can slightly improve noise rejection by connecting identical bias return resistors to both the positive and negative signals
128. e operations that you must perform For more information about the DriverLINX Calibration Utility refer to Section 5 Calibration 3 Calibration 5 2 Calibration KPCI 3108 Series User s Manual Introduction Your KPCI 3108 board was initially calibrated at the factory You are advised to check the cali bration of a board every six months and to calibrate again when necessary This chapter provides the information you need to calibrate a KPCI 3108 board Objectives For analog inputs the objective of this procedure is to zero the offsets and adjust the combined gain of the A D converter and instrumentation amplifier For analog outputs the objective is to independently zero the offset and adjust the gain for each of the two digital to analog converters DACs on your KPCI 3108 board Calibration summary Analog inputs and outputs are calibrated using a DC calibrator a DVM DMM and the Driver LINX Calibration Utility The DriverLINX Calibration Utility was installed on your computer when you installed the DriverLINX software No calibration potentiometers must be adjusted Instead on board trimming digital to analog converters trim DACs are adjusted digitally through the Calibration Utility software No test points on the board are used Only connections to the I O connector pins via a screw terminal accessory are needed Each of the twelve unipolar and twelve bipolar analog input ranges is individually calibrated For
129. e the system and verify proper operation Each individual scheme in this procedure except for Scheme A is designed to be used only if called for by other schemes or procedures For example Scheme B is called for by Scheme A Scheme B is also called for as a post installation check in Section 3 of this manual and in the Read This First sheet that shipped with your board If you attempt to use schemes independently you lose the benefits of systematic prob lem isolation Problem isolation Scheme A basic system In Scheme A you start the systematic problem isolation procedure You remove your KPCI 3108 board s and check for apparent damage If the board looks okay you check the independent functionality of your computer If the computer is okay you check the expansion slots that held your KPCI 3108 board s Refer to Figure 6 1 and the written amplification following it KPCI 3108 Series User s Manual Troubleshooting 6 5 Figure 6 1 Problem isolation Scheme A basic system Start systematic problem isolation 1 Turn OFF computer disconnect amp remove all KPCI 3108 Series boards and inspect 2 Is board damage apparent on inspection 3 Check if host computer functions OK by itself 2 Replace the bad board 4 Does computer function OK by itself 4 Fix the computer malfunctions 4 Have another KPCI 3108 Series board preferably same model known to b
130. e ultimately connected to the building system ground via the mains See Figure 3 17 I O connector pin assignments and descriptions for AGND and DGND are provided in Figure 3 2 Figure 3 3 Table 3 1 and Table 3 2 Figure 3 17 Analog and digital ground path KPCI 3108 Board I O Connector Host Computer PCI Connector To Mains KPCI 3108 Series User s Manual Installation 3 35 You must make all analog output connections to the upper Analog I O connector of the board through one of the following e The screw terminals of an STP 36 or STP 36 C screw terminal accessory To connect an STP 36 or STP 36 C accessory to your board refer to Connecting an STP 36 or STP 36 C screw terminal accessory to a KPCI 3108 board earlier in Section 3 e Terminals on an MB 02 signal conditioning channel expansion accessory and unshared ter minals of the required STA 3108 A Series accessory Refer to the manual for your MB 02 Series accessory and to Connecting an MB 02 signal conditioning channel expansion accessory to the KPCI 3108 board via an STA 3108 A3 accessory earlier in Section 3 The appropriate STP 36 STP 36 C or STA 3108 A3 screw terminals are identified in Table 3 11 Table 3 11 Screw terminals used to wire analog outputs of KPC 3108 board Screw terminal Assignment Description 17 18 AGND Analog ground 35 DACI Output Analog output from digital to analog converter number 1 36 DA
131. each range three eight bit trim DAC values are searched for and then adjusted a gain value a coarse offset value and a fine offset value Therefore a complete analog input calibration involves 72 adjustments 2 polarities x 12 gains polarity x 3 adjustments gain For a KPCI 3108 analog output each of the two unipolar and two bipolar output ranges is indi vidually calibrated For each range two eight bit trim DAC values are searched for and then adjusted a gain value and an offset value Therefore a complete calibration of both analog out puts involves 16 adjustments 2 polarities x 2 gains polarity x 2 adjustments gain x 2 analog out puts The trim DAC calibration values are stored in on board nonvolatile RAM NVRAM which retains its contents even when the board is unpowered During bootup only DriverLINX reads these values and stores them in on board CalRAM from which they are fetched as needed in real time Equipment The following equipment is needed to calibrate your KPCI 3108 board e A digital voltmeter DVM or digital multimeter DMM accurate to 6 2 digits such as a Keithley Model 2000 e An STP 36 or STP 36 C screw terminal accessory to make analog connections to the board e A Keithley CAB 1284CC Series cable or a standard IEEE 1284 Type C C mini Centronics cable to connect the screw terminal accessory to the upper Analog I O connector of the KPCI 3108 board e A DC calibrator or precisely adjustable and mete
132. eal floating signal sources do have finite though small coupling to ground due to finite insu lation resistance and other sources of current leakage such as capacitive coupling in a trans former Examples of floating signal sources include devices powered by batteries devices powered through isolation transformers ungrounded thermocouples and outputs of isolation amplifiers Using floating signal source intrinsically avoids ground loops 3 30 Installation KPCI 3108 Series User s Manual However when your KPCI 3108 board is used in the differential input mode a current path must be connected to the analog ground terminal When the signal source floats the lack of a ground reference point allows instrumentation amplifier bias currents to raise the common mode voltage of the signal to high values Excessive common mode voltages result in excessive signal errors or worse amplifier saturation and unusable data NOTE The bias current of the input instrumentation amplifier is a very small but finite current drawn from an input terminal to the amplifier The magnitude of the bias current depends on the amplifier design and may range from a few femtoamperes to a few microamperes The common mode voltage V cm is a voltage that is common to both the input high and input low terminals of a differential input it appears between each terminal and ground If your signal source is floating you must provide the path to the analog ground
133. ed and burst clock pulses continue until the entire queue is scanned In summary scans of the channel gain queue are repetitively initiated at a rate equal to the pacer clock rate and scans of the queue are completed at a rate equal to the burst clock rate Therefore the sample rate the rate at which an individual channel in the queue is repetitively sampled is also equal to the pacer clock rate See Figure 2 4 Figure 2 4 Paced mode and burst mode timing for a queue of channels 4 to 7 Pacer Clock gt Paced Mode Conversions C CHS Burst Mode Conversions CH4 CH5 CH6 CH7 CH4 CH5 CH6 CH7 Burst Clock PLI LI LIL PLILILILS J ee i 4 KPCI 3108 Series User s Manual Functional Description 2 13 Clock sources KPCI 3108 boards provide two conversion clocks a pacer clock and a burst mode clock The use of these clocks in the paced and burst conversion modes is described in Data conversion modes and summarized in Figure 2 4 The clock sources themselves are described in the fol lowing subsections Pacer clock sources The following clock sources may be used for paced mode conversions on KPCI 3108 boards Software clock source KPCI 3108 boards allow you to acquire single samples under program control In other words conversions are controlled through the Windows interface rather than by hardware signals When using a software conversion clock the host computer issues a command to ini tiate a conv
134. ed channel 3 input bit pattern is the same as shown in Figure 6 40 continue with step 13 13 Using your application software configure bits 0 to 7 channel 1 for bit pattern B as shown in Figure 6 41 Figure 6 41 Configuring channel 1 for output bit pattern B 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 Channel 1 Output Bits a E L 14 Using your application software observe the channel 4 input bits Figure 6 42 shows the proper response Figure 6 42 Proper response of channel 4 bits when channel 1 output bits are set to bit pattern B 31 30 29 28 27 26 25 24 Channel 4 Input Bits ij E E e Ifthe observed channel 4 input bit pattern is not the same as shown in Figure 6 42 your application software is not performing general purpose digital I O functions properly Stop here and return to step 5 of Scheme C in the Systematic problem isolation procedure e Ifthe observed channel 4 input bit pattern is the same as shown in Figure 6 42 continue with step 15 6 54 Troubleshooting KPCI 3108 Series User s Manual 15 Using your application software configure channel 2 for bit pattern B as shown in Figure 6 43 Figure 6 43 Configuring channel 2 for output bit pattern B 15 14 13 12 11 10 9 8 Channel 2 Output Bits o m LJ E 16 Using your application software observe the channel 3 input bit
135. ed in KPCI 3108 configurations Connects one MB 02 accessory to an STA 3108 A3 accessory CAB SSR CACC 2000 Ribbon cable 3 feet Connects a PB 24 or PB 24SM accessory to an STA 3108 D1 accessory Ribbon cable 24 inches with 50 pin female connector on each end Connects an ERB 24 or SSIO 24 accessory to an STA 3108 D1 accessory ADP 5037 Conversion cable with a 50 pin connector at one end and a small box terminating in a 37 pin D type connector at the other end Connects an ERA 01 or SRA O1 accessory to an STA 3108 D1 accessory 1 10 Overview KPCI 3108 Series User s Manual 2 Functional Description 2 2 Functional Description KPCI 3108 Series User s Manual This section describes features of the following KPCI 3108 board sections the analog inputs the analog outputs the general purpose digital I O the multi function digital I O and the counter timers These descriptions help familiarize you with operating options and enable you to make the best use of your board NOTE Features described in this section are typically configured using custom or commercial application software which interfaces to your KPCI 3108 board via DriverLINX For information on how to configure and apply these features consult the appropriate manuals Application software developers should consult your DriverLINX manuals located on the DriverLINX CD ROM shipped with your board Application soft ware users should consult the
136. ed wrist strap to avoid electrostatic damage to the board Do not touch board components or conductors when han dling the board 10 Remove all KPCI 3108 boards from the list of devices in your system If your operating sys tem is Windows 95 98 remove the KPCI 3108 boards using the Windows 95 98 Device Manager as follows 11 a b c NOTE d a Shut down and turn OFF the computer Open the Device Manager by right clicking the My Computer icon clicking Properties on the menu that appears then clicking the Device Manager tab A list of installed devices appears See example in Figure 6 5 Select your next step based on the criteria given in the following alternatives e Ifthe Device Manager lists a DriverLINX drivers item click the sign to the left of this item A second level list may appear with the specific model number of your KPCI 3108 board More than one KPCI 3108 board may be listed if you previously installed more than one KPCI 3108 board Alternatively if a previously installed board is not properly recognized by DriverLINX it may not be listed here or may be listed with a large exclamation point over it e If the Device Manager lists an Other Devices item also click the sign to the left of this item You should not but could find a KPCI 3108 board listed under this item if it is not properly recognized by DriverLINX Select any one of the KPCI 3108 boards that you find in the Device Manager wherever you
137. ee isa 2 26 Counter timer I O available on KPCI 3108 boards 0 0 ceeceeeseesseeeeeeceeeeeneceeeeesaeceaeecsaeesseeeeneeceeeeeeeaeed Using counter timers for internal pacer ClOCK ce eeeececeseceseeseeeeeeeeeeceeaeecaeeseecaecsaecaeceaeeseesaeseeeeeeeeas 2 29 Pulse on terminal count counter timer MOE ee eee eese eee ceseeeeeeeeeeeceeeeeeeceeeeeecaeesaecaaesaecaeenseeeeeeeesees 2 30 Programmable one shot counter timer mode cee ceeeeeeeceseeceeeecsseeeneeceeeeeneceneesueceseeceeeecsaeesaeeeeeeeaeeeaees Rate senerator counter timer Mode s ss5ciies sues cossisasvechevbsuses seevennsrestsenctdsssunissssancecevechsebeesnevosh seastevtansoavaeess 2 31 Square wave generator counter timer mode 0 e eee cess ceeeeee cee eeeeeeoeeeeecaeesaecaeesaecseceaeceeseseeeeeeteesees 2 32 Software triggered strobe counter timer mode 20 eee ee eeeseeesceeee cee ceecaecsaceaeceaeeseeeceseseeeeseseeeeeeseneeaaeaey 2 32 Hardware triggered strobe counter timer mode 0 ee ee eeeeeeeeeeeseceeceaeceecseeseceseeeeeeeeeceeeseaseaeseeesaeeaaeeaey 2 33 Installation Connectors on the KPCI 3108 board 0 eee ee eeeeeeseeseecceeecaeceaeceeceaeseecsaeeseceeeeseseeeseeseaeeeeseneeaaecaesnaeeaees 3 5 Pin assignments for KPCI 3108 upper Analog I O connector pin ceeeeeeseeeeeeeecneeseeseeseeeeeeeeseaeenees 3 8 Pin assignments for KPCI 3108 lower Digital I O connector pins 0 0 0 eeeeeeseeeeceeeneeeeeseceeeeeeeeeeeeeteeed Connectin
138. efinition See Field programmable gate array T O connector pin assignments definition KPCI 3108 Analog connector KPCI 3108 Digital connector STA 3108 A1 50 pin header 3 18 Gain STA 3108 A2 analog inputs 37 pin connector 3 21 available gains STA 3108 D1 calibrating 50 pin header 3 27 analog outputs STP 36 and STP 36 C terminals corresponding available output ranges when connected to KPCI 3108 Analog calibrating 5 6 connector 3 15 definition B 7 when connected to KPCI 3108 Digital connector 3 16 Gate analog signal conversion and multi function bit IP1 IEEE 488 contrasted with trigge definition definition B 7 general description 2 19 synchronizing multiple boards 3 42 Initial value at power up reset analog output DACs digital to analog converters Input bias current and differential input wiring 3 30 definition Input output 1 0 definition Input output port definition Inputs analog bipolar and unipolar inputs choosing OE oi description 2 6 calibration 55 channel gains choosing between 2 7 description differential and single ended inputs choosing betwee description 2 6 features 2 3 low level signals throughput precautions modes choosing 2 3 residual signals throughput effects minimizing 2 9 throughput optimization by channel duplication 2 9 by channel grouping 2 9 by external preamplification _2 9 by signal condit
139. efinition for external digital trigge Digital signals descriptions wiring electrical characteristics in general 3 36 general purpose digital I O multi function digital eT Digital trigger definition description 2 14 Digital to analog converter See also Analog output features calibrating 5 6 definition Direct memory access DMA definition See Direct memory access mode definition DLL See Dynamic link library definition DMA direct memory access channels definition B 6 levels definition See DMA direct memory access channels definition mode definition B 6 DNL definition See Differential nonlinearity defini tion Drift definition B 6 Driver definition B 6 DriverLINX 3 2 DriverLINX description 3 2 installatio installation checks 3 7 test panels See under Test panels Dynamic Link Library DLL definition B 6 Edge active definition digital signal and external trigger input 2 14 Edge negative of analog trigger signall_2 15 of digital trigger signal 2 14 Edge positive of analog trigger signa of digital trigger signal EXP 1800 interface accessory connecting KPCI 3108 to 3 16 Expansion slot definition B 6 requirement 1 6 External clock sources description XPCLK input External preamplification using with external clock source for throughput maximization 2 9 using with internal clock source External signal conditi
140. ematic problem isolation Scheme C step 1 where you were directed to do analog input software tests Analog output software test This test applies only to a board having analog outputs the KPCI 3108 This basic analog input test checks whether your application software correctly sets direct current DC analog output voltages You set zero volts at the two analog outputs using your application software The two output voltages are then measured with a digital voltmeter to verify reasonable DAC offsets Similarly a mid range voltage is set for each of the two analog outputs and the procedure is repeated NOTE During this test ensure that no user circuits are connected to the KPCI 3108 board via the required screw terminal accessory except for analog input connections specified for the test The analog output software test is a software function test not a calibra tion check If you wish to check and adjust the accuracy refer to Section 5 Calibration The analog output software test is only a basic check of your application software You are encouraged to perform additional tests that exercise your software more thoroughly KPCI 3108 Series User s Manual Troubleshooting 6 47 Equipment for the analog output software test The following equipment is required to perform the analog output test A Digital Voltmeter DVM or a Digital Multimeter DMM set to the 10V range An STP 36 or STP 36 C screw terminal accessory to
141. enc ing refer to Specifying channel number channel gain polarity mode and termination mode for each position in the scan sequence later in Section 2 Choosing between the differential and single ended termination modes Generally you should use a differential input for a low level signal having a significant noise component and or for a signal having a non zero common mode voltage You should use a single ended input for a high level signal having a relatively small noise component There is no absolute level at which one of these input configurations becomes more effective than the other However you should generally use a differential input for a voltage range of 100mV or below Choosing between the unipolar and bipolar input modes Using software you can configure any KPCI 3108 input channel to operate in either the unipo lar or bipolar input mode A unipolar signal is always positive 0 to 5V for example A bipolar signal can swing between positive and negative values 45V maximum for example For exam ple an unbiased sinusoidal AC signal is bipolar Use the bipolar mode only if you must measure signals having both positive and negative polar ity A bipolar range provides only half as good resolution as a unipolar range of the same magni tude If your signal will always be positive at or above 0 0V use the unipolar mode for maximum resolution KPCI 3108 Series User s Manual Functional Description 2 7 Resolut
142. er occurs when it is above or below a specified value level For digital triggers trigger sensitivity defines whether the trigger occurs on a transition from one state to another state edge or whether the trigger occurs when it is at a specified value level B 14 Glossary KPCI 3108 Series User s Manual TTL Abbreviation for Transistor Transistor Logic A popular logic circuit family that uses multiple emitter transistors A low signal state is defined as a signal 0 8V and below A high signal state is defined as a signal 2 0V and above Unipolar An analog signal range that is always positive above zero Sources Howe Denis editor The Free On line Dictionary of Computing http wombat doc ic ac uk Keithley Instruments Inc technical staff and Keithley Catalog and Reference Guide full line catalog glossary 1998 Microsoft Press Computer Dictionary Third Edition ISBN 1 57231 446 X by Microsoft Press Reproduced by permission of Microsoft Press All rights reserved Index Numerics 2 s complement definition 5 VDC power for external circuitd 3 43 82C54 counter timer circuit features general discussion 2 28 modes available 2 30 A D converter calibrating 5 5 definition See Analog to digital converter defini tion About trigger acquisition mode definition B 2 description 2 18 Absolute accurac definition B2 Accessories interface See Interface accessories Accuracy absolute
143. eral Purpose 22 K gt digital O am 31 0 a KPCI 3108 Series User s Manual Functional Description 2 3 Analog input features This section discusses the following e Understanding and choosing the software configurable analog input modes e Maximum data throughput specifications and tips on optimizing throughput e Signal conversion modes e Signal conversion clock sources e The use of triggers and gates to start and stop signal conversions Understanding and choosing analog input modes Using software you can select between various analog input options as follows e The differential termination mode or the single ended termination mode e The unipolar input mode or the bipolar input mode e The input channels to be scanned to the instrumentation amplifier in any order or combination e The instrumentation amplifier gain to be used These options may be freely mixed at each of the 256 possible steps in the scan sequence as will be discussed in Specifying channel number channel gain polarity mode and termination mode for each position in the scan sequence The next four subsections as well as the subsequent section entitled Optimizing throughput explain these options and provide guidance for choosing analog input modes Understanding the analog inputs Each KPCI 3108 board provides 16 analog input terminals The termination modes of these terminals single ended or differential are confi
144. erminal accessory to a KPCI 3108 board e Terminals on any of six compatible digital I O accessories and unshared terminals of the required STA 3108 D1 accessory Refer to the manual for your digital I O accessory and to Connecting digital I O accessories to the KPCI 3108 board via an STA 3108 D1 acces sory earlier in Section 3 The appropriate STP 36 STP 36 C or STA 3108 D1 screw terminals are identified in Table 3 12 Table 3 12 Screw terminals used to wire general purpose digital I O Screw terminal Assignment Description 1 Bit 0 General purpose digital I O bits channel 0 As a group these 8 bits 2 Bit 1 are user configurable as either all inputs or all outputs The 8 bits 3 Bit 2 comprise the register of a type 652 chip 8 Bit 7 9 Bit 8 General purpose digital I O bits channel 1 As a group these 8 bits 10 Bit 9 are user configurable as either all inputs or all outputs The 8 bits 11 Bit 10 comprise the register of a type 652 chip 16 Bit 15 17 18 DGND Digital grounds 19 Bit 16 General purpose digital I O bits channel 2 As a group these 8 bits 20 Bit 17 are user configurable as either all inputs or all outputs The 8 bits 21 Bit 18 comprise the register of a type 652 chip 26 Bit 23 27 Bit 24 General purpose digital I O bits channel 3 As a group these 8 bits 28 Bit 25 are user configurable as either all inputs or all outputs The 8 bits 29 Bit 26 comprise the register of a t
145. ersion The host polls the board to determine if the conversion is complete When the conversion is complete the host reads the data from the A D converter and returns the value Software initiated conversions are suitable for measuring DC voltages However in applica tions where you must accurately control the sampling rate as when measuring time varying signals using either an internal or external hardware clock source is recommended as described below Hardware clock source internal Internal pacer clock source The internal onboard pacer clock source creates a pacer clock timing signal using one or more 82C54 counter timers and a crystal controlled time base Refer to Counter timer fea tures near the end of Section 2 for an illustration The time base runs at 1 OMHz and pro vides divided frequencies of 5 MHz 1 MHz and 100 kHz You can program the internal pacer clock rate via DriverLINX You can use the internal pacer clock source to pace events other than analog to digital con versions digital to analog conversions for example However all events timed by the inter nal pacer clock source are paced at the same rate Hardware clock source external External pacer clock source An external pacer clock source is an externally applied TTL compatible signal attached to bit IPO pin 21 of the upper Analog I O connector J1 Bit IPO is a multi function digital input therefore you must use software to configur
146. ersions For more information about the use of an external trigger signal refer to Triggers and Gates earlier in Section 2 The counter timer clock digital input functions Your board includes an 82C54 circuit that provides three counter timers You can configure the following multi function digital I O bits on the upper Analog I O connector as external counter timer clock inputs for two of the three 82C54 counter timers e Bit IP2 is the external clock input for counter timer C TO e Bit IP3 is the external clock input for counter timer C T1 There is no external counter timer clock input for counter timer C T2 You can connect these inputs to external event or time base signals to perform a variety of tasks For more information about the use of the 82C54 counter timers refer to Counter timer fea tures later in Section 2 The counter timer gate digital input functions Your board includes an 82C54 circuit that provides three counter timers You can configure the following multi function digital I O bits on the upper Analog I O connector as external counter timer gate inputs for two of the three 82C54 counter timers e Bit IP4 is the external gate input for counter timer C TO e Bit IP5 is the external gate input for counter timer C T1 There is no external counter timer gate input for counter timer C T2 You can connect the C TO and C T1 gate inputs to external TTL signals to enable or disable C T
147. erved for I O tests Avoid using a screw terminal accessory that is normally connected to your external circuits You thereby avoid the extra labor and potential wiring errors involved in disconnecting and later reconnecting your external circuits Table 6 3 Terminals on accessory for connection during analog output hardware test To check this analog the DVM or DMM will be connected to these terminals output Analog output screw terminal Analog ground screw terminal Analog output 0 36 17 or 18 Analog output 1 35 17 or 18 CAUTION The following test procedure involves changing DVM DMM connec tions while the computer and KPCI 3108 board are powered Take care not to short analog outputs to the adjacent 10 V reference ter minal or nearby ground terminal Shorting the analog outputs can damage the digital to analog converters DACs As a precaution do the following e Before powering the computer connect the DVM DMM negative lead to a ground screw terminal e After powering the computer connect the DVM DMM positive lead to each specified analog output screw terminal by touching the tip of the lead to the screw head of the screw terminal for example via a probe KPCI 3108 Series User s Manual Troubleshooting 6 33 Procedure for the analog output hardware test 1 Turn OFF the host computer 2 Connect the negative lead of the DVM DMM to a ground terminal of the screw terminal accessory as indica
148. es connected to your board is n as many as 16 n single ended channels or 8 n 2 differential channels are not shared Unshared channels may be wired to external circuits at the screw terminals However be aware that at least four multi function digital outputs five for the EXP 1800 are always used for multiplexing and are therefore always shared The MB 01 and MB 05 signal conditioning accessory and the PB 24 PB 24SM SSIO 24 and ERB 24 digital I O accessories each accommodate up to 24 plug in modules If you plug in fewer than 24 modules the analog I O channels or digital I O bits not associated with modules are not shared and may be wired to external circuits at the screw terminals Even if filled with plug in modules an MB 05 signal conditioning acces sory never shares all analog I O channels and none of the digital I O accessories ever shares all digital I O bits The remaining channels bits may be wired to external circuits at the screw terminals Before wiring external circuits first review your configuration and the instructions for your accessories Also review the pin to pin correspon dence between the KPCI 3108 I O connector and the adapter connector of your adapter screw terminal accessory as it applies to your configu ration Pin to pin data is listed in one of the following tables Table 3 5 Table 3 7 or Table 3 10 3 14 Installation KPCI 3 108 Series User s Manual Connecting an STP 36 or STP 36 C sc
149. etals In an ideal measurement circuit all such junctions would be wired to high and low differential inputs as identical pairs at identical temperatures resulting in cancellation of the thermal emfs Practi cally however temperature differences across the circuit and imperfect metal to metal junctions result in net voltage errors which must be minimized when measuring low level signals Throughput The maximum rate at which a data conversion system can perform repetitive conversions within a specified accuracy It is determined by summing the various times required for each part of the conversion system and then calculating the inverse of this time The throughput rate takes into account the total time required to process a signal and store the value in either on board or system memory Trap verb To intercept an action or event before it occurs usually in order to do something else Trapping is commonly used by debuggers to allow interruption of program execution at a given spot Trigger conditions Refers to trigger sensitivity polarity etc Trigger data acquisition An event that starts or stops an operation A trigger can be a specific analog digital or software condition See also analog trigger and digital trigger Trigger hysteresis Applies only to analog triggers A specified voltage change opposite in polarity to the trigger polarity through which an analog trigger signal must move before triggering can occur For posit
150. etup Scope Meter SST Level Control DIO DUE Ui Hanping KEITHLEY Analog I O Panel AD Chn Mapping Driver Selection Device Selection Devicel KPCI3108 8s e 2 8 MAMA BAN na mOoOhON 2 Version 10 D This application Was Built with Milerosefiyistial Eicsie HEME Realm Era PanR Ets Eablet 9 i RARAN Copyright 1999 Scientific Software Tools Inc 6 30 Troubleshooting KPCI 3108 Series User s Manual 8 Click the Meter tab An on screen digital voltmeter appears displaying the voltage con nected to Channel 00 Because Channel 00 is grounded the displayed voltage should be nominally zero as illustrated in Figure 6 18 Figure 6 18 On screen digital voltmeter display example channel 0 connected to ground lt DriverLINX Analog 1 0 Panel Of x File Help Setup Scope Meter SST LevelControl Dio PAINAA Palau Pll KPCI 3108 Series User s Manual Troubleshooting 6 31 9 Using your mouse move the Channel Selection pointer of the on screen digital panel meter to 1 NOTE To move the Channel Selection pointer you must contact the wide part of the pointer with the tip of the cursor The on screen digital voltmeter now displays the voltage connected to channel 01 Figure 6 19 shows the on screen digital voltmeter and the voltage that was displayed when channel 01 was connected to a flashlight battery Figure 6 19 On scree
151. expansion slot on your computer as follows 1 Turn power OFF to the computer and to any external circuits attached to the board KPCI 3108 Series User s Manual Installation 3 7 2 Remove the computer chassis cover 3 Select an unoccupied PCI expansion slot in the rear panel and remove the corresponding dummy mounting plate 4 Insert the PCI connector of the board into the selected PCI slot of the computer Take care not to interfere with neighboring boards Ensure that the board is properly seated in the slot 5 Secure the mounting bracket of the board to the chassis using the retaining screw that you removed when you removed the dummy mounting plate 6 Continue with Configuring the board to work with DriverLINX Configuring the board to work with DriverLINX After physically installing the board do the following 1 Turn on and reboot the computer The DriverLINX Plug and Play Wizard screen appears 2 Run the Wizard immediately by following the progressive instructions on the screen 3 Continue with Checking the combined board and DriverLINX installations If you do not run the Wizard immediately it will not appear the next time you reboot You must then start the Wizard from a batch file as follows 1 Open the Windows Explorer 2 Double click on X DrvLINX4 Help kpci3 108 bat where X the letter of the drive on which you installed DriverLINX The Wizard appears NOTE You can also start this bat
152. external clock rate installation board 3 6 DriverLINX before board throughput optimizing 2 8 wiring analog input signals digital signals 3 35 Pre trigger acquisition mode definition description 2 18 Program application LabVIEW TestPoint 3 3 Programmable gain instrumentation amplifier PGIA definition See Instrumentation amplifier definition Programmable one shot mode counter timer description 2 31 Programming languages DriverLINX driver for compatibility 3 2 Pseudo simultaneous sample and hold definition Pseudo SSH See Pseudo simultaneous sample and hold definition Pulse duration definition See Pulse width definition Pulse width definition B 10 Pulse on terminal count mode counter timer description 2 30 Queue channel gain queue for analog inputs 2 7 for analog outputs 2 21 scan queue See channel gain queue Range definition B 10 Rate burst clock and burst conversion rate 2 12 pacer clock and burst conversion modd 2 12 and paced conversion mode 2 12 Rated accuracy definition B 11 Rate generator mode counter timer descriptior 2 31 Register definition B 11 general purpose digital VO 2 22 Repairs board 6 56 Residuals throughput effects of minimizing using duplicate channel 2 9 Resolution definitio Returning board to Keithley 6 55 Ringing in digital to analog converter avoiding definitio rms or RMS definition See Root mean square
153. ferential inputs reject the common mode voltage the voltage that each sees in common except for a small fraction determined by the common mode rejection ratio refer to the glossary in Appendix B Differential inputs are commonly used to Reject noise and other unwanted voltages in a signal ground Reject acommon power supply voltage such as the excitation voltage of a bridge circuit NOTE Refer to Wiring analog input signals in Section 3 for important infor mation about wiring differential inputs When you configure the input terminals all to be used for differential channels you can con nect 8 external signals maximum because a pair of input terminals is needed for each differ ential input e When you configure the input terminals to be used for a mixture of single ended and differ ential channels the number of available channels is less than 16 but more than 8 For exam ple the following configuration results in 12 available channels maximum 4 differential channels and 8 single ended channels You configure 4 channels as differential Each differential channel uses 2 of the 16 input terminals Therefore you use 8 of the 16 input terminals for differential channels 4 dif ferential channels x 2 inputs required differential channel 8 input terminals You configure 8 channels as single ended Each single ended channel uses one of the 16 input terminals Therefore you use the other 8 of the
154. function generator Utility 2 0 ee eeeceeecseeseesecsececeecsaecesecceecsaeeeesecnecaeeseeaecaecaseeceaeens Analog I O Panel output level control utility The Analog I O Panel digital 1 O utility 00 cseseceeceseceeceeeeeeseeeeseaesseeeseseaecaeeeaecaassaesaeseaeeeeeaeed Analog I O Panel setup screen similar to the screen that appears when only a KPCI 3108 board is installed under Ore VerLINX fsecssecdecetseseesisevossesagesonssvcsecteewevseass sachuaqvanesvassuesssisoesuvbapens ensue tueteasdupeanaginess 4 5 Calibration Th Select DriverLINX Device dialog DOX isoon ir cleo Esad NEE TEESE EEEE Resi 5 3 KPCI 3108 calibration Utility sescca ernroe sbenscunadeevnesoascsevsesvabsveascaanpassdsvaanseancacapssnnsdbeubesediceeders 5 4 A D calibration dialog box D A Calibration dialog box Troubleshooting Problem isolation Scheme A basic SYStOM eeecesseeececeeceesecesecessecesceceseecsaeeeeeeceeecaeceeeeaeceneeseeeesnaeeeeeeed Problem isolation Scheme B installation ccccccecccsesssesesescseseseseseecseseseseseeceusseseseecesnsnseseesenensnseseeeeneeees Analog I O Panel setup screen example with only KPCI 3108 boards installed eee eee eeeeees 6 10 Analog I O Panel example setup screen with multiple board types installed 00 eee eee eseeeeeees 6 11 Listing of improperly configured installed KPCI 3108 board ce eeeeeeeceeceseeeeeeceeceeeeeeeeaeceeeseeaeeeeeeed 6 12 Appearance of device manager listing when KPCI 3108 board
155. g STP 36 and STP 36 C screw terminal accessories Upper Analog screw terminal assignments 0 0 0 0 cece ceseeeeceseesecesceeeceeeeeeeeaeeeeecaeesaecaaesaeceseseeeeensees Lower Digital screw terminal assignments cceccessscesceceseeesseeeeeeceeeeeneceseeesaeceacecueeeseeeeeeeeaeeeeaeeaeed Connecting an EXP 1800 channel expansion accessory and an STA 3108 A1 accessory cee eee Connecting an MB 01 or MB 05 signal conditioning accessory and an STA 3108 A2 accessory 3 19 Connecting an STA MB signal conditioning accessory and an STA 3108 A2 accessory eeeeee 3 19 Connecting MB 02 signal conditioning channel expansion accessories and an STA 3TO8 A3 ACCES SOLY cs cessadicoceeesasens civtsaxcescesnssoss e ieaie iaeo E EEEE O EREN E EA EEEE RE Connecting digital I O accessories and an STA 3108 D1 accessory Analog and digital ground path ee eesssseccsseceeseceseeceseceseeceeeessaeeeeeesaeeeenecaeecsaeceaeeceeesaeceeneeaeeesaeceaeed Wiring a signal source to a board configured for single ended inputs eceeeeeceesneeeceeeceeeeeeeeeeeeereeed 3 29 Wiring a floating signal source to differential inputs three common examples c sceeceeseeeeseees Satisfactory differential input connections that avoid a ground loop with ground referenced signals Improper differential input connection which creates a ground loop error ceeseeeseeseceteeeeeeteeeeeeeeees Analog and digital ground p
156. g a driver that is pro vided by the manufacturer LabVIEW LabVIEW is a fully featured graphical programming language used to create virtual instrumen tation It consists of an interactive user interface complete with knobs slide switches graphs strip charts and other instrument panel controls Its data driven environment uses function blocks that are virtually wired together and pass data to each other The function blocks which are selected from palette menus range from arithmetic functions to advanced acquisition con trol and analysis routines Also included are debugging tools help windows execution high lighting single stepping probes and breakpoints to trace and monitor the data flow execution LabVIEW can be used to create professional applications with minimal programming A Keithley VI palette provides standard virtual instruments VIs for Lab VIEW that interface with your KPCI 3108 board through DriverLINX The needed driver is provided on your Driver LINX CD ROM 3 4 Installation KPCI 3108 Series User s Manual Installing DriverLINX Refer to the instructions on the Read this first sheet and the manuals on the DriverLINX CD ROM both shipped with your board for information on installing and using DriverLINX Installing application software and drivers Installing the TestPoint software and driver The DriverLINX driver for TestPoint is provided as part of the TestPoint software The driver therefore instal
157. gger conditions definition B 13 Trigger hysteresis definition B 13 Trigger input external TGIN Trigger jitter definition B 13 Trigger latency definition B 13 Trigger mode definition B 13 Trigger output TGOUT description with external gate input with external trigger input 2 26 with internal trigger or gate Trigger polarity definition B 13 Trigger sensitivity definition B 13 Trigger sources external trigger analog description 2 15 external triggers digital and multi function bit wif 2 14 descriptior 2 14 using with external clock source 2 17 using with internal clock source U V internal triggers description using with external clock source 2 16 using with internal clock source software triggers See Trigger sources internal trig gers Triggers contrasted with gates 2 14 Troubleshooting first basic checks systematic problem isolation See also Systematic problem isolation schemes 6 3 specified hardware I O tests specified software I O tests 6 44 tests problem isolation scheme specified analog input hardware test analog input software test 6 44 analog output hardware test 6 32 analog output software test 6 46 general purpose digital I O hardware test 6 36 general purpose digital I O software test 6 51 TTL definition B 14 Typeface conventions Unipolar definition B 14 signal description Unwrapping board Verificati
158. gh a variety of signal conditioning modules The modules allow you to connect thermocouples RTDs strain gages voltage to frequency converters etc to your KPCI 3108 board e Expand the input capacity of your board The MB 02 multiplexes the sixteen conditioned signals to one single ended input of your KPCI 3108 board You can connect up to four MB 02 accessories to each STA 3108 A3 accessory Further you can daisy chain up to four STA 3108 A3 accessories together Therefore it is possible to signal condition and connect up to 256 analog signals to one KPCI 3108 board Figure 3 10 and Table 3 8 provide the information you need to interconnect MB 02 accessories Refer to the packing list included with your STA 3108 A3 accessory for pin to pin correspon dence between the pins of the KPCI 3108 Analog I O connector and the pins of the four STA 3108 A3 26 pin headers Figure 3 10 Connecting MB 02 signal conditioning channel expansion accessories and an STA 3108 A3 accessory CAB 1284CC KPCI 3108 ff EE Sores Digital Eo y 1 4 ro L EPEN EEE EE KPCI 3108 Series User s Manual Installation 3 23 Table 3 8 Connections of the MB 02 signal conditioning channel expansion accessory and other accessories needed to a KPCI 3108 board Signal conditioning channel expansion accessory and required Required cables in addition to Additi i itional adapter screw terminal accessory CAB 1284CC Series required Accessory De
159. ght gray dots 10 Under Digital I O Configuration Panel configure channels to 4 as shown in Figure 6 26 Figure 6 26 Configuring the digital I O channels as inputs and outputs KEITHLEY Digital I O Configuration Panel Channel Configuration 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 input E HBERHHEHHHEEHEHE EE opt fi H HBHREHEEHEEHEHEHEEE EH amp In Figure 6 26 and subsequent drawings of digital I O controller panels the squares below invalid channels are colored black instead of dark gray for clarity when the manual is printed in black and white NOTE 11 In the Digital Output Panel under Channels click on channel 1 as shown in Figure 6 27 Figure 6 27 Configuring channel 1 for output bit pattern A KEITHLEY Digital Output Panel Channels 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 EHEHEHE H Output Bits 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 g Z 6 S 2 2 2 1 8 EEHEEHE SE amp L a LI LI 12 In the Digital Output Panel under Output Bits set the bits of channel 1 for bit pattern A as shown in Figure 6 27 13 In the Digital Input Panel under Channels click on channel 4 as shown in Figure 6 28 Figure 6 28 Proper response of channel 4 input bits when channel 1 output bits are set to bit pattern A KEITHLEY Digital Input Panel Channels 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 EH H Input bits 8
160. goes high again The counter is then reloaded with the initial count value and the process repeats A high gate input enables counting a low gate input disables counting If the gate goes low dur ing an output pulse the output is set high immediately this allows you to use the gate input to synchronize the counter Writing a new count to the counter while counting does not affect the current counting sequence In this mode a count of 1 is illegal Figure 2 15 illustrates rate generator mode Figure 2 15 Rate generator counter timer mode clockPulsee LI LE LE LILI LI LILI 1 Trigger loads initial count value of 3 Output 2 32 Functional Description KPCI 3108 Series User s Manual Square wave generator counter timer mode 3 This mode is useful for square wave generation The output is initially high A trigger loads the initial count value into the counter At the next clock pulse after the trigger the counter starts counting down When half the initial count has elapsed the output goes low for the remainder of the count When the total count elapses the counter is reloaded with the initial count value the output goes high again and the process repeats If the initial count is odd the output is high for n 1 2 counts and low for n 1 2 counts where n indicates the loaded count A high gate input enables counting a low gate input disables counting If the gate goes low while the output is low the ou
161. gurable by software as follows e All configured for single ended termination mode providing 16 input channels e All configured for differential termination mode providing 8 input channels e Some configured for single ended termination mode and others configured for differential termination mode providing an intermediate number of input channels NOTE Hereafter in this manual an input channel configured for single ended termination mode is generally referred to as a single ended input or single ended channel an input channel configured for differential termination mode is generally referred to as a differential input or differential channel The characteristics of single ended and differential inputs are as follows e A single ended input measures the voltage at one input terminal relative to a common ground A single ended input does not reject noise and other unwanted voltages in a signal ground and does not reject a common power supply voltage such as the excitation voltage of a bridge circuit When you configure the input terminals all to be used for single ended channels you can connect each of the 16 input terminals to 16 external signals maximum 2 4 Functional Description KPCI 3108 Series User s Manual e A differential input measures the difference between the voltages at two input terminals des ignated input high and input low Signals at both the input high and input low terminals are referenced to a common ground Dif
162. guration process Open and check the Device Manager as you did in step 4 Your KPCI 3108 board s should now be listed under the DriverLINX with no exclamation mark over it as was illustrated in Figure 6 6 Open and check the DriverLINX Configuration panel as you did in step 4 If you success fully configured your board s you should now see the following listed below Keithley KPCI 3108 Series Refer back to step 4i and Figure 6 8 e Instead of a specific board part number s there should now be a device number s for example Device0 e The lamp icon next to the device number s should be colored green 8 Based on the results of step 7 do one of the following If the board was successfully configured return to step 1 and retry starting the Analog TO Panel If the board was not successfully configured continue with step 9 and begin uninstalling then reinstalling DriverLINX and the board 9 Remove all KPCI 3108 boards physically NOTE You should remove all KPCI 3108 boards before reinstalling the KPCI 3108 version of DriverLINX because the installation order is DriverLINX first board second If a KPCI 3108 board is present physi cally or in the computer list of devices driver installation difficulties may occur Proceed as follows a b Turn OFF the computer Remove all KPCI 3108 boards from their computer expansion slots 6 18 Troubleshooting KPCI 3108 Series User s Manual CAUTION Wear a ground
163. he Analog output hardware test e If the voltages measured with the DVM DMM agree with level control settings then the analog outputs are working satisfactorily Stop here and return to the problem isolation step in Problem isolation Scheme F the board that asked you to perform the Analog output hardware test NOTE If the analog outputs appear to work satisfactorily but some measured analog output voltages are outside the accuracy limits specified in Appendix A consider calibrating your board after concluding the Systematic problem isolation procedure For calibration procedures refer to Section 5 Calibration 6 36 Troubleshooting KPCI 3108 Series User s Manual General purpose digital 1 O hardware test This test checks whether the general purpose digital input and output circuits of the board are operating properly Test summary The following summarizes the test procedure e Wire an STP 36 or STP 36 C screw terminal accessory in a loop back configuration Con nect the channel 0 digital I O terminals bit for bit to the channel 3 digital I O terminals Connect the channel 1 terminals bit for bit to the channel 2 terminals See Figure 6 22 for the channel and bit number of each terminal on the screw terminal accessory See Figure 6 23 for the loop back wiring schematic These are the same connections as made for the general purpose digital I O software test Figure 6 22 Channel and bit numbers for
164. heck screw terminal wiring be invalid Transducer is not Check the transducer connections connected to channel being read Signal and or connections Ensure that correct input mode differential inappropriate for the or single ended is being used for your selected input mode signal conditions and that input is wired differential or single ended properly for this mode Refer to Section 3 Wiring analog input signals Intermittent Vibrations or loose Cushion source of vibration and tighten operation connections exist connections The board is overheating Check environmental and ambient temperature Refer to your computer documentation Electrical noise exists Provide better shielding or reroute unshielded wiring System lockup A timing error occurred Restart your computer Then analyze your during operation program by debugging and narrowing the list of possible failure locations Plug and Play cannot tell if an ISA board already uses an address that it assigns to a PCI board Plug and Play may then assign different nonconflicting addresses to the PCI boards If your board is not operating properly after using the information in Table 6 1 continue with the next section to further isolate the problem Systematic problem isolation If you were unable to isolate the problem by using Table 6 1 then try to isolate the problem sys tematically using the schemes detailed in this section
165. heck the Driver LINX Configuration Panel Figure 6 6 Appearance of device manager listing when KPCI 3108 board is properly configured installed System Properties General Device Manager Hardware Profiles Performance View devices by type C View devices by connection m Computer CDROM Disk drives mj Display adapters ED riverLINX drivers E3 Keithley KPCI 3108 A D Board amp Floppy disk controllers amp Hard disk controllers ze Keyboard m Monitor Ty Mouse Other devices Ports COM amp LPT m System devices T A A A A A E Properties Refresh Remove Print e Jf the list of devices in the Device Manager includes an Other Devices item also click the sign to the left of this item see the near the bottom of Figure 6 6 If a KPCI 3108 board is listed under Other Devices then keep the Device Manager open and go directly to step 5 Skip substeps 4g through 4j e If one or more of your KPCI 3108 boards is not listed anywhere in the Device Man ager then keep the Device Manager open and go directly to step 5 Skip substeps 4g through 4j 6 14 Troubleshooting KPCI 3108 Series User s Manual g In the Start menu click Programs h Find the DriverLINX folder and under it click DriverLINX Configuration Panel The DriverLINX Configuration Panel appears See the examples in Figure 6 7 and F
166. heme E work with DriverLINX KPCI 3108 Series User s Manual Troubleshooting 6 21 Follow these amplified instructions as you perform Scheme C 1 Perform the procedure outlined in the Analog input software test found later in Section 6 2 Based on the results of the Analog input software test do one of the following e If your software appears not to be working properly with your analog inputs skip to step 8 e If your software appears to be working properly AND your board does not have analog outputs for example a KPCI 3107 board skip to step 5 e If your software appears to be working properly AND your board has analog outputs for example a KPCI 3108 board continue with step 3 3 Perform the procedure outlined in the Analog output software test found later in Section 6 4 Based on the results of the Analog output software test do one of the following e If your software appears not to be working properly with your analog outputs skip to step 8 e If your software appears to be working properly with your analog outputs continue with step 5 5 Perform the procedure outlined in the General purpose digital I O software test found later in Section 6 6 Based on the results of the General purpose digital I O software test do one of the following e If your software appears not to be working properly with your digital I O skip to step 8 e If your software appears to be working properly with
167. hen the gate signal becomes inactive the 82C54 counter stops and data conver sion stops See Figure 2 9 e Gate operation with external clock source When using the gate input with an external clock signal conversions are synchronized with the external gate signal When the gate signal becomes inactive the signal from the external clock continues uninterrupted See Figure 2 9 Figure 2 9 Enabling conversions with gates Gate Active Gate Active Conversions On Gate Inactive Digital Trigger Conversions Off and Gate Source 1st Conversion 2nd Conversion 3rd Conversion y No Conversion External Clock Source Internal Clock Source S 3rd Conversion 1st Conversion 2nd Conversion 4th Conversion KPCI 3108 Series User s Manual Functional Description 2 21 Analog output features The analog output section of a KPCI 3108 board consists of two 16 bit DACs digital to analog converters Each DAC has four software selectable ranges as listed in Table 2 3 Table 2 3 Analog output ranges and resolutions Range Resolution 10 0V 305 pV 5 0 V 153 uV 0 to 10 0 V 153 uV 0 to 5 0 V 76 uV The two DACs have output current ratings of 5mA maximum and can drive capacitive loads of up to 100mF The DAC output always initiates to OV at power up or reset The digital to analog conversion options resemble the analog to digital conversion options The range and update sequence
168. iagram is included only to illustrate an incorrectly wired input do not use this configuration Avoiding wiring problems at high gains Operating a KPCI 3108 board at a gain of 200 or more can lead to problems if your application is unable to cope with noise If special precautions are not taken the high gain high speed and large bandwidth of this board allow thermal emfs and noise to easily degrade performance The following suggestions are provided to help you to minimize problems at high gain e Connect low level signals to inputs configured as differential inputs Inputting signals at high gains in single ended mode introduces enough ground loop noise to produce large fluctua tions in readings e Minimize noise from crosstalk and induced voltage pickup in cables and screw terminal accessories Use shielded cables for low level signals whenever possible Induced noise from radio frequency RF and magnetic fields can easily exceed tens of microvolts even on one foot or two foot long cables Shielded cable helps to avoid this problem The CAB 1284CC Series cables or standard IEEE 1284 Type C C mini Centronics cables that are used to con nect accessories directly to KPCI 3108 I O connectors are shielded and signals to differen tial inputs are conducted through twisted pairs Nonetheless minimize the length of CAB 1284CC Series cables to minimize interferences Connect cable shields to the analog ground AGND and the inner conductors
169. ibration utility description 4 6 using 5 3 general descriptions chapter about 4 1 TestPoint software description 3 3 installation considerations 3 4 Tests analog input hardware test analog input software test 6 44 analog output hardware test 6 32 analog output software test 6 46 general purpose digital I O hardware test 6 36 general purpose digital I O software test systematic problem isolation schemes See under Systematic problem isolation TGOUT trigger output description 2 26 using to synchronize multiple boards 3 42 with external gate input with external trigger input 2 26 with internal trigger or gate Thermal emfs definitio minimizing 3 33 Throughput definition optimizing 2 8 Timing analog conversions for trigger acquisition modes 2 19 in paced mode and burst mode 2 12 with hardware gates with hardware triggers external trigger with external clock source external trigger with internal clock source with software triggers internal trigger with external clock source 2 16 internal trigger with internal clock source Timing multi function digital control signals trigger output TGOUT relative to trigger input TONE Transducers low level and signal conditioning 2 9 Trap definition Trigger data acquisition EE synchronizing multiple boards 3 42 Trigger acquisition modes about trigger 2 18 post trigge pre trigger Tri
170. igital I O modules connector on each end ERB 24 Relay board with 24 double pole double En A throw dual Form C electromechanical relays SRA 01 Module interface board in box that ADP 5037 Conversion cable with STA 3108 D1 accommodates up to eight industry a 50 pin connector at accessory standard solid state digital I O modules one end and a small ERA 01 Relay board in box with eight single pole box terminating ina double throw Form C electromechanical 37 pin D type relays connector at the other end STA 3108 D1 Adapter screw terminal accessory CAB 1284CC IEEE 1284 type CC None Interfaces the Digital KPCI 3108 Series Series cable 36 pin mini Adapter screw terminal I O connector to a PB 24 PB 24SM ERB 24 SSIO 24 SRA 01 or ERA 01 digital I O accessory as well as to screw terminals that are numbered identically to the Digital connector pins Centronics connectors on each end KPCI 3108 Series User s Manual Table 3 10 Installation Pin to pin correspondence between lower Digital I O connector and 50 pin accessory 3 27 At KPCI 3108 Digital I O connector At STA 3108 D1 50 pin header Assignment Refer also to Table 3 2 for Pin number T O descriptions Pin number Assignment 1 Bit 0 15 PAO 2 Bit 1 13 PAI 3 Bit 2 11 PA2 4 Bit 3 9 PA3 5 Bit 4 7 PA4 6 Bit 5 5 PAS 7 Bit 6 3 PA6 8 Bit 7 1 PA7 9 Bit 8 4
171. igital converter Address A number specifying a location in memory where data is stored Analog to digital converter An electronic device often an integrated circuit that converts an analog voltage to a digital value All digital instruments use analog to digital converters to convert the input signals into digital information Sometimes called an A D converter or an ADC Analog trigger An event that occurs at a user selected point on an analog input signal The polarity sensitivity and hysteresis of the analog trigger can often be programmed See also Trigger data acquisi tion Trigger conditions Trigger hysteresis Trigger mode Trigger polarity Trigger sensitivity Aperture delay The time delay between when an analog to digital converter receives a conversion command and when it starts the conversion process See also Analog to digital converter aperture jitter Aperture time See acquisition time Aperture jitter The short term variation of aperture delay Also called Aperture uncertainty See also Aperture delay Aperture uncertainty See aperture jitter KPCI 3108 Series User s Manual Glossary B 3 API See Application Programming Interface Application programming interface A set of routines used by an application program to direct the performance of a procedure by the computer s operating system Base address An I O address that is the starting address for programmable registers All subsequent registers a
172. igure 6 8 Figure 6 7 Example of a DriverLINX Configuration Panel before a KPCI 3108 board is configured DriverLINX Configuration Panel DriverLINX Keithley KPCI 3108 Series KPCI3108 amp Keithley KPCL 3108 A D Board a Gre Figure 6 8 Example of a DriverLINX Configuration Panel after a KPCI 3108 board is configured DriverLINX Configuration Panel DriverLINX Keithley KPCI 3108 Series KPCI3108 H 8 KPCI 3108 Series User s Manual Troubleshooting 6 15 i Inspect the DriverLINX Configuration Panel e If you see the following on the screen for a KPCI 3108 board illustrated in Figure 6 7 then the board is recognized as a device under DriverLINX but is not properly configured Keithley KPCI 3108 Series is listed under DriverLINX The amplifier icon next to Keithley KPCI 3108 Series is colored yellow The specific board part number s of the unconfigured Keithley KPCI 3108 board s is listed under Keithley KPCI 3108 The lamp icon next to the specific board part number is uncolored e If you see the following on the screen for a KPCI 3108 board illustrated in Figure 6 8 then the board is recognized as a device under DriverLINX and is properly con figured Keithley KPCI 3108 Series is listed under DriverLINX The amplifier icon next to Keithley KPCI 3108 Series is colored pale gray A device number for example Device0 or Device1 Device2 etc is
173. ilable for use by user supplied I O options such as plug in data acquisition cards Also called DMA levels See also DMA mode DMA Direct Memory Access levels See DMA Direct Memory Access channels DMA Direct Memory Access mode A mode in which data transfers directly between an I O device and computer memory bypass ing the CPU In the most general sense PCI bus mastering is a DMA mode More commonly however DMA mode refers to data transfers across the ISA bus using special circuitry on the computer motherboard See also Bus mastering Direct Memory Access DMA See DMA Direct Memory Access mode DNL See Differential Nonlinearity Drift A gradual change of a reading or an amplifier output over time with no changes in the input signal or operating conditions Driver Software that controls a specific hardware device such as a data acquisition board Dynamic Link Library DLL A software module in Microsoft Windows containing executable code and data that can be called or used by Windows applications or other DLLs DLL functions and data are loaded and linked at run time when they are referenced by a Windows application or other DLLs Expansion slot A socket in a computer designed to hold expansion boards and connect them to the system bus data pathway External pacer clock source A source of pulses that is connected externally to a data acquisition board and is used to pace or time events such as analog to digit
174. ion E O l eled Analog E KPCI 3108 Board f general purpose ee LJ digital VO i eled Digital PCl Bus Connector The remainder of this section is ordered according to the following recommended installation sequence 1 Install the board in your computer as described in Installing the board 2 Check the installation as described in Checking the combined board and DriverLINX installations 3 Review the I O connections for each pin on the two 36 pin I O connectors of your board Connector pin assignments for the KPCI 3108 boards are identified and described under Identifying I O connector pin assignments for KPCI 3108 4 Connect the appropriate screw terminal and other interface accessory s to your board using an appropriate cable assembly s One or more accessories are required to wire the board to your circuits These accessories range from basic screw terminal connectors STP 36 or STP 36 C to signal conditioning and expansion accessories Use of interface accessories and cables is described under Connecting interface accessories to a KPCI 3108 board 5 Wire your circuits to the interface accessories that you connected to the board in step 4 Refer to the sections Wiring analog input signals Wiring analog output signals KPCI 3108 board on
175. ion A Document Number 98080 ccccceccsessesssecesceesessesssesecessesesesecsesseesscsesesecsesseesscseeaeasaeseees July 1999 Revision B Document Number 98080 0 cccccscesessessscsesseeeseseescecsesseecseseceesessseeessesseessssssesessesaeavas August 1999 All Keithley product names are trademarks or registered trademarks of Keithley Instruments Inc Other brand and product names are trademarks or registered trademarks of their respective holders Safety Precautions The following safety precautions should be observed before using this product and any associated instrumentation Although some in struments and accessories would normally be used with non haz ardous voltages there are situations where hazardous conditions may be present This product is intended for use by qualified personnel who recog nize shock hazards and are familiar with the safety precautions re quired to avoid possible injury Read the operating information carefully before using the product The types of product users are Responsible body is the individual or group responsible for the use and maintenance of equipment for ensuring that the equipment is operated within its specifications and operating limits and for en suring that operators are adequately trained Operators use the product for its intended function They must be trained in electrical safety procedures and proper use of the instru ment They must be protected from electric shoc
176. ioning 2 9 Inputs digital electrical characteristics in general 3 36 general purpose inputs 2 22 multi function inputs See also Multi function digital inputs counter timer inputs clock input description 2 25 gate input description 2 25 external pacer clock XPCLK description _2 25 external trigger TGIN description 2 25 general purpose bits option 2 23 usage as limits 2 23 wiring wiring Inputs single ended understanding Inspecting board Installation checks systematic problem isolation 6 8 Installing board 3 5 DriverLINX interface accessories STP 36 or STP 36 C terminal accessory 3 14 Integral linearity definition See Linearity definition Interface accessories CAB 1284CC Series cable types available 3 15 connecting to board 3 12 digital I O accessories connecting to KPCI 3108 3 24 EXP 1800 connecting to KPCI 3 108 3 16 MB 01 connecting to KPCI 3 108 3 19 MB 02 connecting to KPCI 3 108 3 22 MB 05 connecting to KPCI 3 108 3 19 STA 3108 A1 connecting to KPCI 3 108 3 16 STA 3108 A2 connecting to KPCI 3 108 3 19 STA 3108 A3 connecting to KPCI 3 108 3 22 STA 3108 D1 connecting to KPCI 3 108 3 24 STA MB connecting to KPCI 3 108 3 19 STP 36 and STP 36 C connecting to KPCI 3108 summary of available types Internal pacer clock source definition See Pacer clock definition description 2 13 Internal triggers definition description Inte
177. ions for unipolar and bipolar inputs are listed in Table 2 1 Table 2 1 Gains ranges and resolutions for a KPCI 3108 board Bipolar Unipolar Gain Range Resolution Range Resolution 1 10 0 V 305 uV 0 to 10 0 V 153 uV 2 5 0 V 153 uV 0 to 5 0 V 76 uV 4 2 5 V 76 uV 0 to 2 5 V 38 uV 8 1 25 V 38 uV 0 to 1 25 V 19 uV 10 1 0 V 31 uV 0 to 1 0 V 15 uV 20 500 mV 15 uV 0 to 500 mV 7 6 uV 40 250 mV 7 6 uV 0 to 250 mV 3 8 uV 80 125 mV 3 8 uV 0 to 125 mV 1 9 uV 100 100 mV 3 1 uV 0 to 100 mV 1 5 uV 200 50 mV 1 5 uV 0 to 50 mV 0 8 uV 400 25 mV 0 8 uV 0 to 25 mV 0 4 uV 800 12 5 mV 0 4 uV 0 to 12 5 mV 0 2 uV NOTE Numbers are rounded for readability CAUTION The board does not provide overrange detection Each range listed in Table 2 1 represents the measured value that will be reported to the computer if your input signal voltage equals or exceeds the range Therefore if the range is set at 2 5V gain 4 and your sig nal voltage is 3 1V the measured value will be reported at 2 5V Specifying channel number channel gain polarity mode and termination mode for each position in the scan sequence Using software you can specify a list of up to 256 channel numbers in any order or combina tion to be measured sequentially each time a scan is initiated For each position in the scan sequence you specify the following e The number of the channel to be measured e The gain to be u
178. ire analog outputs of KPC 3108 board 0 eee eeeeecesceeeeeeeceecneeeeeeecaeeeeeeeeaes Screw terminals used to wire general purpose digital I O oo eee cee ceecseeeeeceseeseceeeeeeeeeeeeeeeneeaeeees Assignments and descriptions for multi function digital I O accessories cece eseeseeeecsseeseceeeeteeeeees Bit assignments and descriptions for multi function digital inputs 0 le eee eceeeeeteeeeceecneeaeeseeeeens 3 39 Bit assignments and descriptions for multi function digital outputs oo eee eeeeseceeeeteceeeeeeeeeees 3 40 Power connections at the upper Analog I O connector 0 cee eeeeceeceeceseeeeceeeeeeeeaeeseeeseecaecsaecaeeaeaeens Power connections at the lower Digital I O Connector eeeeeeeseeeeeeeeeseeeeecaeesaecaeesaeceecnaeeneeeseeenees 3 45 6 Table 6 1 Table 6 2 Table 6 3 Table 6 4 Table 6 5 Table 6 6 Table 6 7 Table 6 8 Table 6 9 Table 6 10 Troubleshooting Basic troubleshooting information ces sseeccescsseeeesecseceescesecsecseeeeesecseceseecsaecesseceessaesetseenesaeeateaeenesates Wiring for analog input hardware test eee eeecesessecsseeeceeceseceeceseeeeeeseeeeeeseeeseeseecaecsaecasesaeeaeenseeeeeens Terminals on accessory for connection during analog output hardware test Test connections and readings for zero voltage analog output connected to upper Analog I O COMMECION su ase ssscsssssi ced caseecunscceshedusvusbebens sea resus deusdsebenes EEE E OPAN EEEE VEETEE 6 34
179. iring 1 Check external user connections for short and open circuits 2 External user connections OK A board removed in Scheme A is 2 Resolve external user connection issues likely bad Resolving external connection issues has likely solved Go to the problem Scheme F Go to Scheme G Follow these amplified instructions as you perform Scheme E 1 Check the I O connections between each external signal source and the screw terminal accessory one at a time for short circuits and open circuits If KPCI 3108 boards were installed in more than one PCI slot check the I O connections for all boards NOTE Do not connect the screw terminal accessory to the board during this scheme 2 Based on the results of step 1 do the following e If any external I O connections are found to be faulty assume that the problem was caused by the faulty connections then proceed as follows a Correct the faulty external connections b Skip to Problem isolation Scheme G verification of problem solution e If all external I O connections are found to be normal then by process of elimination the KPCI 3108 board s originally installed in the computer is likely the cause of the problem Continue with Problem isolation Scheme F the board KPCI 3108 Series User s Manual Troubleshooting 6 25 Problem isolation Scheme F the board In Scheme F after having eliminated other problem causes you assume tha
180. is divided into a series of discrete steps each step ideally having a height of one least significant bit LSB For a 4 bit analog to digital converter the solid curve below illustrates ideal digitized steps over an entire 1 V input range resulting in a differential nonlinearity of 0 LSB The dashed curve illustrates deviations from ideality resulting in a differential nonlinearity of 1 0 LSB See also Least Significant Bit LSB and Analog to digital converter Digitized Values 1000 0111 0110 0101 0100 0011 0010 0001 0000 0 0 125 0 250 0 375 0 500 0 625 0 750 0 875 1 000 Analog input values volts Digital to analog converter A device that translates digital data to an analog signal A digital to analog converter takes a succession of discrete digital values as input and creates an analog signal whose amplitude moment by moment corresponds to each digital value Compare Analog to digital converter Digital trigger An event that occurs at a user selected point on a digital input signal The polarity and sensitivity of the digital trigger can often be programmed See also trigger trigger conditions trigger polar ity and trigger sensitivity DLL See Dynamic Link Library B 6 Glossary KPCI 3108 Series User s Manual DMA Direct Memory Access channels ISA bus PCs offer eight parallel channels for DMA mode data transfers Several of these are reserved for exclusive use by the computer The remainder are ava
181. is performing general purpose digital I O functions properly Test summary The following summarizes the test procedure e Wire an STP 36 or STP 36 C screw terminal accessory in a loop back configuration Con nect the channel 0 general purpose digital I O terminals bit for bit to the channel 3 general purpose digital I O terminals Connect the channel terminals bit for bit to the channel 2 terminals See Figure 6 35 for the channel and bit number of each terminal on the screw ter minal accessory See Figure 6 36 for the loop back wiring schematic These are the same loop back connections as made for the general purpose digital I O hardware test Figure 6 35 Channel and bit numbers for STP 36 and STP 36 C screw terminal accessories BitO Bit 1 Bit 2 Bit 16 19 Bit 17 20 Bit 10 a Bit3 Bit19 Q Channel 1 Gih Bit 20 Q Bit5 Bit 21 F nN Bit6 Bit22 19 Bit 7 Bit23 amp gt Bits Bit 24 N Cl 2 sito Bit25 amp O Bit 10 Bit26 amp O amp Bit 11 Bit27 Q Channel 2 ean Bi Channel 4 i L 2 Bit12 Bit28 amp O Bit 13 Bit29 Q O Bit 14 Bit30 amp Bit15 Bit31 3 gt Digital Ground 5V A 2 Digital Ground 45V S 6 50 Troubleshooting KPCI 3108 Series User s Manual Figure 6 36 Loop back wiring for general purpose digital O hardware and software test 20 19 22 21 26 25 24 23 31 30 29 28 27 8 Mod 9 32 35 34 33 36 R 600Q to 10002 KPCI 3108
182. is properly configured installed 6 13 Example of a DriverLINX Configuration Panel before a KPCI 3108 board is configured 0 44 6 14 Example of a DriverLINX Configuration Panel after a KPCI 3108 board is configured eee 6 14 Selecting the logical device NUMDET eee eeeeceseeeeeeeeeeeecseescecseesaecaecsaecaecsaecuseseeeseeeseeseseseaesaeeeneaed 6 16 Configure DriverLINX Device dialog box example 0 ccecsesecsesssecceseeseeeceecaeeeeecnecseeeeeesaeceteseeaseaeeeed 6 16 Device Chan Be MeSSage oicssssicssccsesassetesssdstacsisdcesssvues cuss susaneecudotescaseaduseetasses seecusceveteseuie puspendegenscebatesctiecs 6 17 Problem isolation Scheme C application software eee eseceseeseceseeecesceseceseeeeeeeeeseaseseseaecaeeeneeaey 6 20 Problem isolation Scheme D expansion slot CONNECCOMS cece eeseeseceseeseceeceeceseeeeeeeeeeeeeseseseneeaeeeaeeaed 6 23 Problem isolation Scheme E user wiring 00 cee eceseesseseecsecseecseceseaecaeaececeseceeeseseeeeeseaseseseaecaeeeaeenay 6 24 Problem isolation Scheme F the board eee ee eceseesecseeeseceeeeaecaceaececesececesecesseeseeeeseseaseseseaecaeeeaeeney 6 25 Problem isolation Scheme G verification of problem solution 0 cee eeeeeceseeseeeeeeceseeeeteeetneeeeeseeaeeeeeeel 6 26 Analog I O Panel setup screen example ooo ee eeeeeseeecseecsecssessecsseeaeceecsaeceecseseeeseseeseseseaseseseaecaeeeaeeney 6 29 On screen digital voltmeter di
183. its OPO through OPS are fixed as outputs Each of the six multi function input bits may be used as a general purpose digital input bit or as a counter timer access or acquisition control bit Refer to Table 2 4 Table 2 4 Specific bit assignments and descriptions for multi function digital inputs Bit assignment Description IPO May be used as the following e XPCLK external pacer clock input e General purpose input bit target mode IP1 May be used as the following e TGIN external trigger or gate input e General purpose input bit target mode IP2 May be used as the following e Counter timer C TO external clock input e General purpose input bit target mode IP3 May be used as the following e Counter timer C T1 external clock input e General purpose input bit target mode IP4 May be used as the following e Counter timer C TO external gate input e General purpose input bit target mode IP5 May be used as the following e Counter timer C T1 external gate input e General purpose input bit target mode When a multi function digital input bit is configured as general purpose input bits data is trans ferred via a DriverLINX target mode read service request However a multi function digital input bit that is being used as a counter timer access bit or acquisition control bit may also be read via a target mode read without interfering with the counter timer access or acquisition control fun
184. ive edge triggering to occur the signal must first fall below the specified trigger voltage by at least the amount of the hysteresis value For negative edge triggering to occur the signal must rise above the specified trigger voltage level by at least the amount of the hysteresis value Trigger hysteresis helps prevent false triggering due to noise See also Analog trigger Trigger polarity Trigger jitter The short term variation in trigger latency See also Trigger latency Trigger latency The fixed time offset between the trigger event and the first sample point Trigger mode Refers to when data acquisition begins and ends in relationship to the trigger Trigger modes include normal trigger pre trigger about trigger post trigger trigger to trigger and trigger to about trigger See also Pre trigger acquisition mode About trigger acquisition mode Post trigger acquisition mode Trigger polarity For edge sensitive triggers trigger polarity defines whether the trigger occurs when the signal is rising positive direction or when the signal is falling negative direction For level sensitive triggers trigger polarity defines whether the trigger occurs when the signal is above a level pos itive or below a level negative Trigger sensitivity Refers to the edge and or level of a trigger For analog triggers trigger sensitivity defines whether the trigger occurs on a transition across a specified value edge or whether the trigg
185. k and contact with hazardous live circuits Maintenance personnel perform routine procedures on the product to keep it operating for example setting the line voltage or replac ing consumable materials Maintenance procedures are described in the manual The procedures explicitly state if the operator may per form them Otherwise they should be performed only by service personnel Service personnel are trained to work on live circuits and perform safe installations and repairs of products Only properly trained ser vice personnel may perform installation and service procedures Exercise extreme caution when a shock hazard is present Lethal voltage may be present on cable connector jacks or test fixtures The American National Standards Institute ANSI states that a shock hazard exists when voltage levels greater than 30V RMS 42 4V peak or 60VDC are present A good safety practice is to expect that hazardous voltage is present in any unknown circuit before measuring Users of this product must be protected from electric shock at all times The responsible body must ensure that users are prevented access and or insulated from every connection point In some cases connections must be exposed to potential human contact Product users in these circumstances must be trained to protect themselves from the risk of electric shock If the circuit is capable of operating at or above 1000 volts no conductive part of the circuit may be expose
186. lation unwrapping and inspecting 3 6 wiring to 5V to external circuits 3 43 analog input signal analog output signals 3 34 counter timer I O signals See Board wiring to digital I O signals digital I O signals 3 35 Boards multiple synchronizing with trigger gate signal 3 42 Burst clock source and burst conversion modd 2 12 and pacer clock rate 2 14 definition descriptio frequency definition See Burst clock source rate definition rate and burst conversion ratd 2 12 definition B 3 programmable range Burst conversion mode definitio descriptio sample rate 2 12 definition B 3 Bus mastering definition B 3 feature synopsis Byte definition B 3 Bus Cables CAB 1284CC Series cables types available 3 15 shielded cables importance at high gaing 3 33 minimizing noise and other stray signals 3 33 to connect STA 3108 A Series or STA 3108 D1 accessories 3 14 to connect STP 36 or STP 36 C accessories 3 14 Calibration analog input calibratio analog output calibration DriverLINX calibration utility description 4 6 starting 5 3 equipment needed 5 2 potentiometers absence of 1 5 5 2 CD ROM drive required ee Channel gain queue definition B 4 for analog inputs descriptior 2 7 throughput maximization duplicating assignments grouping same range inputs together 2 9 segregating lists of slow and fast signals 2 9 for analog outputs Channels an
187. lies Con necting these outputs to external power supplies may damage the external supplies the board and the computer Do not draw more than 1 0A total from all 5V outputs combined Drawing more than 1 0A total may damage the board Also keep in mind that the 5V output comes from the computer power bus Know the limits of the computer 5V power bus and the current drawn from it by other boards and devices Other demands on the 5V power bus may limit the current drawn from your board to less than 1 0A 2 34 Functional Description KPCI 3108 Series User s Manual Installation 3 2 Installation KPCI 3108 Series User s Manual This section describes system installation in the following order e Software options and installation guidelines Note install the software before installing the hardware e Hardware installation including the following Unwrapping and inspecting the board Physically installing the board Checking the combined board and DriverLINX installation Identifying the I O connector pins Wiring your circuits to the I O connector pins via the wiring accessories Synchronizing multiple boards Powering your circuits from the board Installing the software NOTE Install the DriverLINX software before installing the KPCI 3108 board Otherwise the device drivers will be more difficult to install Software options Users of KPCI 3108 boards have the following two software options In both
188. ls automatically when you install TestPoint You can install TestPoint application software made by Capital Equipment Corporation CEC at any time before or after installing DriverLINX and the KPCI 3108 board For TestPoint installation instructions consult the manual provided by CEC NOTE Before using TestPoint with the KPCI 3108 version of DriverLINX check with CEC to ensure that your version of TestPoint is compatible with DriverLINX Installing the LabVIEW software and driver A DriverLINX driver for LabVIEW is provided on your DriverLINX CD ROM The LabVIEW driver does not install automatically when you install DriverLINX and your board You must first install the LabVIEW application program then install the DriverLINX driver Access the Lab VIEW driver installation routine by starting setup exe on the DriverLINX CD ROM then select ing LabVIEW Support from the Install These DriverLINX components screen Consult the manual provided by National Instruments for LabVIEW installation instructions KPCI 3108 Series User s Manual Installation 3 5 Installing and wiring to the KPCI 3108 board The remainder of this section describes physically installing the KPCI 3108 board connecting interfaces to the board and wiring circuits to the interfaces KPCI 3108 board connectors involved in these operations are labeled in Figure 3 1 Figure 3 1 Connectors on the KPCI 3108 board Connector for 2 analog I O and a funct
189. ltages you set via the analog output level control Table 6 10 Test connections and readings for mid range analog output connect the DVM or DMM to these If board works correctly the terminals on an STP 36 or STP 36 C accessory following voltages should agree To test this Analog output Analog ground Voltage reading at analog output screw terminal screw terminal Output voltage setting DVM or DMM Analog output 0 36 5V 5V 17 or 18 Analog output 1 35 5V 5V 10 Based on the measured voltages in steps 7 and 9 take action as follows e If the voltages measured with the DVM DMM do not agree with the application software settings then there could be a problem with the way your application software program interfaces with DriverLINX or the way it prepares the analog data being sent to the board Stop here and return to step 3 of Problem isolation Scheme C application soft ware where you were directed to do analog output software tests e If the voltages measured with the DVM DMM agree with your application software set tings then your software is probably working correctly with the analog outputs Stop here and return to step 3 of Problem isolation Scheme C application software where you were directed to do analog output software tests KPCI 3108 Series User s Manual Troubleshooting 6 49 General purpose digital I O software test This test checks whether your application software
190. lustrated in Figure 2 12 KPCI 3108 Series User s Manual Functional Description 2 29 Figure 2 12 Using counter timers for internal pacer clock a Using one counter timer for pacer clock timing PLL Pulses from internal crystal clock time base C TO CT1 or Pacer Clock Internal Enable CT2 Timing Signal b Using two counter timers cascaded for pacer clock timing PLL Pulses from internal crystal clock time base C TO CT1 or CT2 Pacer Clock Timing Signal C TO CT1 or CT2 Internal Enable Internal Enable In this application each counter acts as a frequency divider For example if in Figure 2 12a the crystal clock time base is configured for 1 MHz 10 5 1 and 0 1 MHz are available and the counter timer is set for 100 counts a pacer clock timing pulse is emitted only once per 100 time base pulses Therefore the time base frequency is divided by 100 and the output frequency is 10 KHz If in Figure 2 12b the crystal clock time base is configured for 1 MHz and both counter timers are set for 100 counts the time base frequency is divided by a factor of 100 x 100 and the output frequency is 100 Hz Four of the multi function digital input bits at the upper Analog I O connector are indepen dently software configurable as counter timer inputs for C TO and C T1 as follows e The external clock input for counter timer C TO is bit IP2 pin 20 e The external clock input for counter timer
191. ly Wiring digital input and output signals and Wiring counter timer signals 6 If you wish to synchronize multiple KPCI 3108 boards interconnect the trigger or gate sig nals as described under Synchronizing multiple boards 7 If you desire to use KPCI 3108 board power for any of your circuits be sure to read Wiring 5V power to external circuits before proceeding 3 6 Installation KPCI 3108 Series User s Manual Installing the board CAUTION Ensure that the computer is turned OFF before installing or remov ing a board Installing or removing a board while power is ON can damage your computer the board or both Handle the board in a static controlled workstation wear a grounded wrist strap Discharge static voltage differences between the wrapped board and the handling environment before removing the board from its protective wrapper Failure to discharge static electricity before and during handling may damage semiconductor circuits on the board Handle the board using the mounting bracket Do not touch the cir cuit traces or connector contacts when handling the board Checking resources for the board Ensure that your computer has sufficient resources particularly power resources to run your KPCI 3108 board Check the capacity of the computer power supply and the power require ments of your computer and presently installed boards Adding a KPCI 3108 board requires an additional 0 8A at 5V
192. manuals provided by the vendor or devel oper of your software The block diagram in Figure 2 1 represents the KPCI 3108 Series boards Figure 2 1 Block diagram of KPCI 3108 board AMCC 5933 PCI Field Programmable Interface Gate Array Analog Inputs hse Control 8 Diff ial Circuitry Instrumentation i renta gt Control K gt Decode C N Qram E CALRAM Amplifier 16 Single Ended Data Pass j Data o zc m Through z Dat gt Analog to adl le Data POIS ana Lr Analog to aa FIFO Digital Calibration 26 ag amp Digital Converter Circuit 2 5 2 TA Control Control lt Control gt Kenar 16 Bits S l a gt Through K Data V eis Control gt 2 DACO DAC Out 0 ae 7 x A ut cael K Control ape 16 Bits ow Q lt Range e m xz Select DAC1 y f LN Digital 1 O 7 16 Bits bg T DAC Ouri t Prescaler Control a Ee Boot Timer ROM 82C54 A Data In Multi Function Buffer DI 5 0 Digital I O o T Including Boot OMHz cous I O ROM Clock P Data Out Expansion Multiplexer Buffer DO 5 01 Control TGIN and TGOUT w 5 ss Gen
193. marize characteristics of Driver LINX test panel software To follow the information and instructions contained in this manual you must be familiar with the operation of Windows 95 98 or NT with basic data acquisition principles and with your application However if you find unfamiliar terms in this manual check the glossary in Appen dix B To locate topics discussed in this manual search the index To use this manual effectively review the remaining brief topics in this preface e The organization of the manual e The special font typeface conventions used in the manual e Moving quickly to cross referenced parts of the manual in the electronic PDF version The remainder of Section 1 summarizes general hardware characteristics of the KPCI 3108 board computer system requirements to run the board and software and accessories that can be used with the board How the manual is organized The KPCI 3108 User s Manual is organized as follows e Section 1 describes general features and system requirements and summarizes supporting software and accessories for the KPCI 3108 boards e Section 2 describes operating features of the boards in more detail This section contains a block diagram and brief descriptions of the features as they relate to setting up and using the board e Section 3 contains software descriptions and installation notes and instructions for the fol lowing inspecting the board installing the board checking the
194. max sink output current at lt 0 55V These general purpose bits the twelve multi function digital I O bits available at the upper Analog I O connector may also be configured as general purpose bits are software configurable as either inputs or outputs in groups of eight each group of eight bits being handled by one of four eight bit registers These bits may be used for a variety of purposes similarly to the bits of common digital I O boards such as the PIO 24 and KPCI PIO24 The output current capabilities of these bits are much higher than available from the industry standard 8255 digital I O chip Connector pin assignments for general purpose digital I O bits are summarized in Figure 3 3 of Section 3 Wiring of the general purpose digital I O is discussed in Section 3 specifically under Wiring digital input and output signals and generally under Installing and wiring to the KPCI 3108 board The electrical characteristics of the general purpose digital I O are listed in Appendix A Programming configuring and using the general purpose digital I O is discussed in your DriverLINX documentation and or your application software documentation KPCI 3108 Series User s Manual Functional Description 2 23 Multi function digital inputs and outputs The upper Analog I O connector provides twelve multi function TTL I O bits Six of the bits IPO through IPS are fixed as inputs CMOS as well as TTL compatible The other six b
195. mbered identically to the Analog connector pins A daisy chain of up to sixteen STA 3108 A1 accessories interfaces the Analog KPCI 3108 T O connector to as many as sixteen EXP 1800 accessories Accessory Description Cable Description accessories EXP 1800 Expansion accessory Expands one KPCI 3108 CAB 50 1 Ribbon cable 18 STA 3108 A1 single ended analog input channel into 16 inches long with accessory differential analog input channels 50 pin headers on each end External 5V power supply for multiple EXP 1800s STA 3108 Al Adapter screw terminal accessory Interfaces CAB 1284CC TEEE 1284 type None the Analog KPCI 3108 Series I O connector Series CC cable 36 pin mini Centronics connectors on each end 3 18 Installation Table 3 5 Pin to pin correspondence between upper Analog connector and 50 pin accessory KPCI 3108 Series User s Manual At Analog I O connector At STA 3108 A1 50 pin header Pin number Assignment Pin number Assignment 1 IP5 Not mapped 2 IP3 Not mapped 3 IP1 Not mapped 4 OP5 Not mapped 5 OP3 45 MUX7 6 OPI 43 MUX5 7 DGND 49 GNDD 8 CH07 LO CH15 HI 17 CH15 CH7 LO 9 CH06 LO CH14 HI 15 CH14 CH6 LO 10 CH05 LO CH13 HI 13 CH13 CH5 LO 11 CH04 LO CH12 HI 11 CH12 CH4 LO 12 CH03 LO CH11HI 9 CH11 CH3 LO 13 CH02 LO CH10 HI 7 CH10 CH2 LO 14 CH01 LO CH09 HI 5 CH9 CH1 LO 15 CH00 LO CH08 HI 3 CH8 CH0
196. mmable gate array FPGA instead of a micropro cessor Refer to the glossary in Appendix B for more information about FPGAs e Software only calibration of analog I O no potentiometers to adjust e Two miniature 36 pin I O connectors that require only one slot on the rear panel of the PC These connect to other equipment via standard readily available interface cables that are shielded and transmit signals through twisted pairs For more detailed information on these features refer to Section 2 Functional Description General specifications are listed in Appendix A I O connections are identified in Section 3 and Appendix B 1 6 Overview KPCI 3108 Series User s Manual System requirements Software The system capabilities required to run the KPCI 3108 board and to use the DriverLINX soft ware supplied with the board are listed in Table 1 1 Table 1 1 System requirements CPU Type Pentium or higher processor on motherboard with PCI bus version 2 1 Operating system Windows 95 or 98 Windows NT version 4 0 or higher Memory 16 MB or greater RAM when running Windows 95 or 98 32 MB or greater RAM when running Windows NT Hard disk space 4 MB for minimum installation 50 MB for maximum installation Other A CD ROM drive A free PCI bus expansion slot capable of bus mastering Enough reserve computer power supply capacity to power the KPCI 3108 Series board which draws 0 8A at 5VDC and 0
197. module is connected to one 2 single ended analog input z channel of a KPCI 3108 board j STA MB Signal conditioning module C 1800 Ribbon cable 18 in STA 3108 A2 box screw terminal accessory long with a 37 pin accessory Accommodates up to four MB female D type Series modules Each module is connector on each connected to one single ended end analog input channel of a KPCI 3108 board STA 3108 A2 Adapter screw terminal CAB 1284CC Series IEEE 1284 type CC None E accessory Interfaces the cable with 36 pin f Analog KPCI 3108 Series I O mini Centronics 3 connector to MB 01 MB 05 connectors on each z and STA MB signal end 3 conditioning accessories as well 5 as to screw terminals that are B numbered identically to the z Analog connector pins Usable with analog input modules only KPCI 3108 Series User s Manual Installation 3 21 Table 3 7 Pin to pin correspondence between upper Analog connector and 37 pin connector At Analog I O connector At 37 pin connector Pin number Assignment Pin number Assignment 1 IP5 Not mapped 2 IP3 5 IP3 3 IP1 6 IP1 XTRIG 4 OPS 2 CTRO OUT 5 OP3 3 OP3 6 OP1 4 OP1 7 DGND 7 POWER GND 8 CHO07 LO CH15 HI 11 CH15 CH7 LO 9 CH06 LO CH14 HI 12 CH14 CH6 LO 10 CH05 LO CH13 HI 13 CH13 CH5 LO 11 CH04 LO CH12 HI 14 CH12 CH4 LO 12 CH03 LO CH11HI 15 CH11 CH3 LO 13 CH02 LO CH10 HI 16 CH10 CH2 LO 14 CH01
198. mpensation CJC A method of compensating for ambient temperature variations in thermocouple circuits Common Mode Rejection Ratio CMRR The ability of a differential input to reject interference from a voltage common to both its input terminals with respect to ground the common mode voltage Numerically CMRR Common mode voltage Common mode error the part of common mode voltage not rejected The CMRR is usually expressed in decibels i e as 20log CMRR at a specified frequency See also Common mode voltage and Differential input Common mode voltage A voltage between input low and chassis ground of an instrument A differential input sees the common mode voltage as a common component of the voltages at both the input high and input low terminals and rejects all but a small fraction See also Common Mode Rejection Ratio CMRR and Differential input Contact bounce The intermittent and undesired opening of relay contacts during closure or the intermittent and undesired closing of relay contacts during opening Conversion rate The rate at which sampled analog data is converted to digital data or at which digital data is con verted to analog data Conversion time The time required to complete an analog to digital conversion or a digital to analog conversion Crosstalk The coupling of a signal from one input to another or from one channel to another channel or to the output by conduction or radiation Crosstalk is
199. n Driver LINX and your KPCI 3108 board are installed correctly Return to Section 3 and finish installing your data acquisition system starting with Identifying I O connector pin assignments for KPCI 3108 e If you performed Scheme B as part of the systematic problem isolation procedure AND arrived at this point after reconfiguring the board or reinstalling DriverLINX and the board then that effort with Problem isolation Scheme G verification of problem solution e If you performed Scheme B as part of the systematic problem isolation procedure AND arrived at this point without performing any remedial efforts then your problem must lie elsewhere Go to Problem isolation Scheme C application software and check for application software issues 6 20 Troubleshooting KPCI 3108 Series User s Manual Problem isolation Scheme C application software In Scheme C you check for bugs in custom application software assuming that you can access the source code Alternatively you check for compatibility and installation issues in commercial application software In Scheme A you temporarily installed a KPCI 3108 board that is known to be good in place of a KPCI 3108 board that you removed from the computer This substitu tion still in place eliminates possible board I O problems during Scheme C You now perform TO tests using your application software You debug custom code if necessary and recheck Refer to Figure 6 12 and the w
200. n Scheme B based on the criteria given in the following alternatives e If you have already reconfigured or reinstalled DriverLINX and the board yet still cannot successfully start the Analog I O Panel then the cause of your problem may be outside the scope of these diagnostics Read the instructions in Technical support and then con tact Keithley for help in isolating the cause of your problem e If you have not yet tried to fix the combined DriverLINX board problem then continue with step 4 4 See if and how your KPCI 3108 board is listed in the Windows Device Manager Proceed as follows 6 12 Troubleshooting KPCI 3108 Series User s Manual a Right click the My Computer icon on your desktop b On the menu that appears click Properties c On the System Properties dialog box that appears click the Device Manager tab The Device Manager appears d In the Device Manager look for a DriverLINX drivers item e If you find a DriverLINX drivers item click the sign to the left of this item A second level list may appear with the specific model number of your KPCI 3108 board More than one KPCI 3108 board may be listed here if you installed more than one KPCI 3108 board f Select your next action based on the criteria given in the following alternatives e Ifa board is recognized as a device under DriverLINX but is not configured to work with DriverLINX then the board is normally listed with a large exclamation point
201. n digital voltmeter display example channel 1 connected to flashlight battery File Help Setup Scope Meter SST LevelContol DIO Pains Flan AA 10 Based on the displayed voltages in steps 8 and 9 act as follows e If the channel 00 voltage displayed in step 8 is not OV and or if the channel 01 voltage displayed in step 9 does not nominally agree with the applied voltage then your board apparently has analog input problems Stop here and return to the problem isolation step in Problem isolation Scheme F the board that asked you to perform the Analog input hardware test e If the channel 00 voltage displayed in step 8 is OV and the channel 01 voltage displayed in step 9 nominally agrees with the applied voltage then the analog inputs are apparently satisfactorily Stop here and the return to the problem isolation step in Problem isola tion Scheme F the board that asked you to perform the Analog input hardware test NOTE If the analog inputs appear to work satisfactorily but the displayed channel 00 and channel 01 voltages appear to be nominally outside specified limits you may wish to calibrate your board after concluding the Systematic problem isolation procedure For board specifications refer to Appendix A For calibration procedures refer to Section 5 Calibration 6 32 Troubleshooting KPCI 3108 Series User s Manual Analog output hardware test This test applies only to a board having
202. nal address bit 0 for multiplexing of expansion accessory channels OP1 6 External address bit 1 for multiplexing of expansion accessory channels OP2 23 External address bit 2 for multiplexing of expansion accessory channels OP3 5 External address bit 3 for multiplexing of expansion accessory channels OP4 22 External gain bit for some expansion accessories e g EXP 1800 OP5 4 Configurable as one of the following e TGOUT trigger out output e Pacer clock output e Counter timer C TO CT1 or CT2 output KPCI 3108 Series User s Manual Installation 3 41 More information about the configurable functions of the multi function digital I O is available as follows The external pacer clock input function XPCLK is described in Section 2 in the following sections Pacer clock sources The external pacer clock XPCLK digital input function and in context Triggers and Gates The external trigger or gate input function is described in Section 2 under Triggers Gates and The trigger in TGIN digital input function Use of a trigger input signal TGIN for multiple board synchronization is described in context in the next section Synchronizing multiple boards The trigger output function TGOUT is described in Section 2 under The trigger out TGOUT digital output function and in context in the next section Synchronizing multi ple boards The pacer clock output
203. nal trigger gate there is a delay of less than lus between the active edge of the internal trigger gate and the positive rising edge of TGOUT See Figure 2 10c You may configure bit OP5 for TGOUT individually independently of the three output options that configure the other five multi function digital output bits OPO through OP4 Refer to Table 2 7 Figure 2 10 Timing for the generation of T GOUT IP1 as Trigger i TGIN y lt 200ns Typical Remains active until TGOUT i conversions are disabled by software a External Trigger IP1 as Gate he o 200ns Typical TGOUT L e E b External Gate Software Enables Software Disables Conversions Conversions Internal i Tri Gat He rigger Gate i lt Ips TGOUT Too D c Internal Trigger Gate KPCI 3108 Series User s Manual Functional Description 2 27 The pacer clock output function The KPCI 3108 boards provides a pacer clock output that is synchronized with the internal or external pacer clock whichever is being used for A D and or D A conversions The external pacer clock output may be used to synchronize A D and or D A conversions with the operation of external devices connected to the board I O connectors Under multi function digital output option 0 configure bit OP4 as a pacer clock output bit You may also individually configure bit OP5 as a pacer clock output bit independently of the three output options that configure the other five multi func
204. nalog converter defini tion descriptio initial value at power up reset 2 21 Darlington definition B 4 Data conversion modes burst conversion mode descriptior 2 12 paced conversion mode description 2 12 Delphi DriverLINX driver fof 3 2 Differential amplifier definition BS Differential inputs definitior B S wiring signals to considering source impedance 3 31 from bridge circuits from floating signal sources from ground referenced signal sources 3 31 so as to avoid ground loops 3 31 Differential linearity definition See Differential nonlin earity definition Differential nonlinearity DNL definition B 5 Digital I O See also Digital inputs and Digital outputs features 2 22 general purpose digital I O description 2 22 hardware test software test synopsis wiring multi function digital I O synopsis wiring test panels See Test panels Analog I O Panel AIO Panel digital I O utility wiring Digital I O interface accessories connecting KPCI 3108 to 3 24 Digital inputs electrical characteristics in general 2 22 3 36 general purpose nea multi function inputs See Multi function digital inputs Digital outputs electrical characteristics in general general purpose outputs 2 22 3 37 multi function outputs 2 23 See Multi function digital outputs Digital signal edge negative edge triggering definition B 9 for external digital trigger 2 14 positive edge triggering d
205. nector Host Computer PCI Connector Power at 5V for light external circuits such as pull up resistors may be drawn indirectly from the host computer power bus via the KPCI 3108 I O connectors If you ensure that the following conditions are maintained this power may also be used to energize external accessories e The maximum total current drawn from the 5V pins on both I O connectors combined pin 25 on the upper Analog connector and pins 35 and 36 on the lower Digital I O connector must be less than 1 0A The total current drawn to power the board and all external circuits must not overload the computer power bus e The total current drawn to power the board and all external circuits must not overload the computer power bus Power connections at the upper Analog I O connector and at screw terminals of STP 36 STP 36 C and STA 3108 A Series accessories connected to it are listed in Table 3 16 Power connections at the lower Digital I O connector and at screw terminals of STP 36 STP 36 C and STA 3108 D1 accessories connected to it are listed in Table 3 17 The 5V power is available at screw terminal accessories as listed Table 3 16 Power connections at the upper Analog I O connector Screw terminal or Analog connector pin Assignment Description 7 DGND Digital ground 25 5 V 5 VDC from computer bus KPCI 3108 Series User s Manual Table 3 17 Power c
206. nel 4 bits when channel 1 output bits are set to bit pattern A 31 30 29 28 27 26 25 24 Channel 4 Input Bits O E E E e Ifthe observed channel 4 input bit pattern is not the same as shown in Figure 6 38 your application software is not performing general purpose digital I O functions properly Stop here and return to step 5 of Scheme C in the Systematic problem isolation procedure e Ifthe observed channel 4 input bit pattern is the same as shown in Figure 6 38 continue with step 11 11 Using your application software configure channel 2 for bit pattern A as shown in Figure 6 39 Figure 6 39 Configuring channel 2 for output bit pattern A Channel 2 Output Bits E E KPCI 3108 Series User s Manual Troubleshooting 6 53 12 Using your application software observe the channel 3 input bits Figure 6 40 shows the proper response Figure 6 40 Proper response of channel 3 bits when channel 2 output bits are set to bit pattern A 23 22 21 20 19 18 17 16 Channel 3 Input Bits i E D D e Ifthe observed channel 3 input bit pattern is not the same as shown in Figure 6 40 your application software is not performing general purpose digital I O functions properly Stop here and return to step 5 of Scheme C in the Systematic problem isolation procedure e Ifthe observ
207. neral purpose digital I O having high current output capabilities This digital I O is divided into four registers The 8 bits of each register may be configured as all inputs or all outputs A total of 12 bits of multi function digital I O six input bits and six output bits The six multi function input bits are user configurable for different purposes including the following Counter timer timebase and gate inputs External pacer for A D or D A conversion External digital trigger Target mode digital input KPCI 3108 Series User s Manual Overview 1 5 Specifications e The six multi function output bits are user configurable for different purposes including the following Counter timer outputs Trigger output Pacer clock output Control and or addressing for EXP 1800 expansion accessories or MB 02 signal condi tioning accessories Target mode digital output e Three 16 bit counter timers each of which is user accessible and user configurable e Optional target mode pass through data transfer capability in addition to bus mastering Both target mode data transfer which is sometimes referred to as pass through operation and bus mastering data transfer are software configurable To maximize the speed of analog TO the KPCI 3108 boards normally implement the bus mastering mode The target mode provides a simple access port to the PCI bus for digital I O e Very fast board control via a field progra
208. nology mapping partitioning and placement routing and binary output The resulting binary can be programmed into a ROM connected to the FPGA or downloaded from a computer connected to the FPGA FIFO First In First Out memory buffer The first data into the buffer is the first data out of the buffer On a data acquisition board a FIFO allows data collection to continue while the board waits for data transfer access to the host computer FPGA See Field Programmable Gate Array FPGA Gain The factor by which an incoming signal is multiplied by an amplifier Gate signal A signal that in the active state enables an operation and in the inactive state inhibits the operation Glitch energy A glitch is an unwanted transient superimposed on the output of a digital to analog converter Glitch energy is a measure of this transient A simple figure of merit is an integral of the tran sient voltage with time Also called glitch charge or glitch impulse GPIB Abbreviation for General Purpose Interface Bus also referred to as the IEEE 488 bus It is a standard for parallel interfaces Ground loop A current loop created when a signal source and a signal measurement device are grounded at two separate points on a ground bus through which noise currents and or currents from other devices flow Due to the finite resistance of the bus these currents generate voltage drops between the two ground connection points which can cause errors and nois
209. nsevsses vonsecscsonsessoocssnssouosessagsstesesuuseosasuaessnvussovenguassgeetroensenentessasteseieey 6 32 General purpose digital I O hardware test 00 0 0 cece ceeceseceeceseeseeeseeeeceseeeeceseeeaecaeecaecsaesaecaeeaesneseeeseees 6 36 Specified software T O tests munien hts cased aaea a Sa aE E Eea devi E EAA a a E ES Analog input softWare test sscisscecesvastoedsdeenccabseatecccsuessyansenieepnassanssdbrevvevessatelousvane a deesveasseensveaseesioesveteaannibes Analog outp t softWare test cercen os edonne ee eote Kerent EEE N E EA EEAS EE SESSE SEESE TEESE EE eia General purpose digital I O software test esneseseseeereereseeseseerrstrrstrrstreretrnttrtnrertnsrnrnstentetrneerrnserensente Technical Support s n aeea EAE AEE AE ARETE E R E REA Specifications Analog INpuls nea a A A A O OE Aa A A EEE E EE N aa Anale OUPS eon E E E E E E EER E A R Cloek TIME F epicene nenen a e ar a E aa e aa eE EEE E E tela E E A Aaa aes Mp al N O E E E E Auxiliary High Current Digital T O sninicnesiniie eiieeii aris EEE ae e r iei soassa POWE E a E E E E A E R EE E E EA R Environment areeni neoe ae ea E a EEE a EE aS E EER E ia A E aS e aaa ACCES SONE Sreem e E e eE E a E OE Glossary iii iv 2 Figure 2 1 Figure 2 2 Figure 2 3 Figure 2 4 Figure 2 5 Figure 2 6 Figure 2 7 Figure 2 8 Figure 2 9 Figure 2 10 Figure 2 11 Figure 2 12 Figure 2 13 Figure 2 14 Figure 2 15 Figure 2 16 Figure 2 17 Figure 2 18 3 Figure 3 1 Figu
210. oise and other stray signals Refer to Optimizing throughput for general recom mendations about channel gain selection and sequencing Refer to Avoiding wiring problems at high gains in Section 3 for recommendations to minimize signal errors at high gains Throughput Throughput is the maximum rate at which the data acquisition board can perform repetitive conversions within a specified accuracy Signal throughput depends on the gain settings for individual channels and for adjacent channels in the channel gain queue This section discusses general recommendations to optimize throughput and lists KPCI 3108 throughput for specific conditions Optimizing throughput Though you can change input ranges on a per channel basis throughput is likely to drop if you group channels with varying gains in sequence This throughput drop occurs for two reasons Firstly channels with low level inputs 100mV or less are inherently slower than channels with high level inputs signals left by high level inputs Secondly extra settling time is required for KPCI 3108 Series User s Manual Functional Description 2 9 low level inputs to wash out residual signals The best way to maximize throughput is to use a combination of sensible channel grouping and external signal conditioning When using the channel gain queue consider the following suggestions e Put all channels that use the same range in the same group even if you must arrange the channels
211. olation Scheme A basic system proceed through the systematic problem isolation procedure e If you are performing Scheme B as part of the systematic problem isolation procedure then you should have seen your board listed in the device manager at this point in the procedure The cause of your problem may be outside the scope of these diagnostics Read the instructions in Technical support and then contact Keithley for help in isolat ing the cause of your problem 7 Try to reconfigure your board using the DriverLINX configuration panel which you opened in step 4 and should still be open Proceed as follows a In the DriverLINX Configuration Panel select an unconfigured KPCI 3108 board by clicking on its part number An unconfigured KPCI 3108 board may be identified as follows e The specific board part number of the unconfigured Keithley KPCI 3108 board is listed under Keithley KPCI 3108 Series e The lamp icon next to the specific board part number is uncolored e The amplifier icon next to Keithley KPCI 3108 Series is colored yellow 6 16 Troubleshooting KPCI 3108 Series User s Manual b Click the Configure button The Select Logical Device dialog box appears as in Figure 6 9 Figure 6 9 Selecting the logical device number Select Logical Device Number x Select Logical Device number 0 65535 c Select your next action based on the criteria given in the following alternatives e If only one KPCI 3108
212. on the data to be acquired appears before and after the trigger event About trigger acquisition is started by an internal or external trigger and continues after an external trigger event until a specified number of samples has been acquired See Figure 2 8b For example if you were performing a car crash safety test you might wish to do the following 1 Monitor speed and acceleration up to the point of impact 2 Emit an accelerometer based trigger pulse at impact 3 Monitor crash dummy impact forces and movement for a fixed number of samples after impact Pre trigger acquisition mode In the pre trigger acquisition mode the data to be acquired appears before the trigger event A pre trigger acquisition is started by an internal or external trigger and continues until an external trigger event occurs See Figure 2 8c For example if you were monitoring an experimental process you might wish to trigger process data acquisition to stop automati cally at completion of the process KPCI 3108 Series User s Manual Functional Description 2 19 Gates Figure 2 8 Trigger acquisition modes a Post Trigger Acquisition Conversions Occurring Conversions Stopped Internal or External Trigger N Samples Done OR Software Halt b About Trigger Acquisition Conversions Occurring NS Conversions Stopped k amples JL Internal or External Trigger External Digital Trigger c Pre Trigger Acquisition Conversions Occurring Conve
213. on to conclude systematic problem isolation 6 26 Visual Basic DriverLINX driver for Visual C C DriverLINX driver for 3 2 W X Windows operating system required version 1 6 Wiring systematic problem isolation scheme for 6 24 wiring analog input signals and problems at high gains avoiding 3 33 precautions 3 28 to differential inputs from bridge en from floating signal sources from ground referenced signal sources 3 31 so as to avoid ground loops 3 31 to single ended inputs wiring analog output signals 3 34 wiring counter timer signals wiring digital signals general purpose digital I O 3 37 multi function digital I O precautions 3 35 wiring power board to external circuits 3 43 XPCLK external pacer clock input as multi function digital input description 2 13 i 14 KEITHLEY Keithley Instruments Inc 28775 Aurora Road Cleveland Ohio 44139 Printed in the U S A
214. oning Gates counter timer See Counter timers gate inputs for throughput maximization _2 9 General purpose digital I O See Digital I O External trigger sources general purpose digital I O analog trigger Glitch energy description definition digital trigger GPIB and multi function bit IP1 2 14 definition description 2 14 Ground loop using with internal clock source Grounding External trigger definition B 6 handling to protect board 3 6 KPCI 3108 I O connector pin assignments to minimize noise and other stray signals 3 33 to protect board 3 6 Field programmable gate array FPGA Grouping analog input channels a for throughput maximization _2 9 using with external clock source definition feature noted FIFO H definition Floating Hard disk required free space definition Hardware characteristics 1 4 Flowchart Hardware clock sources external clocks control input XPCLK 2 13 description internal pacer clock description Hardware triggered strobe mode counter timer description _2 33 problem isolation Scheme A problem isolation Scheme B 6 8 problem isolation Scheme C 6 20 problem isolation Scheme D 6 23 problem isolation Scheme E 6 24 problem isolation Scheme F problem isolation Scheme Font conventions 1 3 Foreground task l definition B 6 FPGA T O See Analog inputs Analog outputs Digital inputs feature noted 1 5 Digital outputs Counter timers FPGA d
215. onnected to KPCI 3108 Digital connector 3 16 Signals counter timers general dscussion 2 28 wiring 3 41 Signals digital characteristics general counter timer clock input counter timer gate input 2 23 2 28 counter timer output 2 24 2 28 3 40 expansion channel outputs gate input for A D conversions general purpose digital inputs general purpose digital outputs general purpose option for multi function digital inputs general purpose option for multi function digital outputs pacer clock input external 2 13 2 23 2 25 3 39 pacer clock output trigger input 2 14 trigger output 2 24 2 26 3 40 Signals power outputs to external circuits 2 33 Simultaneous sample and hold SSH and burst clock rate definition B 12 Single ended inputs definitio understanding wiring signals to Software DriverLINX description installation included with board LabVIEW descriptio installatio options synopsis 1 6 systematic problem isolation 6 20 TestPoint descriptio installation 3 4 tests analog input software test 6 44 analog output software test 6 46 general purpose digital I O software tes _6 51 Software clock source description 2 13 Software trigger definition B 12 software triggered strobe mode counter timer description 2 32 Square wave generator mode counter timer description 2 32 SSH
216. onnections at the lower Digital I O connector Installation 3 45 Screw terminal or Digital connector pin Assignment Description 17 18 DGND Digital grounds 35 36 5V 5 VDC from computer bus 3 46 Installation KPCI 3108 Series User s Manual 4 DriverLINX Test Panels 4 2 DriverLINX Test Panels KPCI 3108 Series User s Manual The test panels are small applications programs within DriverLINX that allow you to perform limited data acquisition functions You can use the panels to do tasks such as e Monitor one or two analog input channels on screen e Set the levels of one or two analog output channels e Monitor and set digital input and output bits Test panels are designed primarily for testing the functions of your board However one panel in particular the Analog I O Panel can be useful for limited routine tasks DriverLINX Analog I O Panel The Analog I O Panel allows you to perform any one of the following five functions at any given time e To read voltages from two analog input channels on a digitizing oscilloscope screen See Figure 4 1 e To display a DC voltage from one analog input channel on a digital voltmeter screen See Figure 4 2 e To send a user configurable sine wave square wave or triangular wave signal from one or two analog output channels the signal from two channels being identical See Figure 4 3 e To control the DC output voltages of two analog out
217. or those sources while scanning the inputs If your tests indicate reduced throughput insert extra entries into the channel gain queue for the high impedance signal sources refer to the recommendations earlier in this section Extra scan queue entries allow extra settling time KPCI 3108 Series User s Manual Functional Description 2 11 Throughput for channel to channel sampling at fixed gain If you are sampling at only one channel at any gain the maximum throughput is 100 ksamples s If you are sampling multiple channels at a fixed gain the maximum throughput for channel to channel sampling is as listed in Table 2 2 In both cases a 0 02 maximum error applies assuming an ideal voltage source Table 2 2 Maximum throughput for channel to channel sampling at fixed gain Gain Bipolar throughput Unipolar throughput 1 100 ksamples s 100 ksamples s 2 100 ksamples s 100 ksamples s 4 100 ksamples s 100 ksamples s 8 100 ksamples s 100 ksamples s 10 100 ksamples s 100 ksamples s 20 100 ksamples s 100 ksamples s 40 100 ksamples s 100 ksamples s 80 100 ksamples s 100 ksamples s 100 50 ksamples s 50 ksamples s 200 50 ksamples s 50 ksamples s 400 50 ksamples s 50 ksamples s 800 50 ksamples s 50 ksamples s 2 12 Functional Description KPCI 3108 Series User s Manual Data conversion modes KPCI 3108 boards support two data conversion modes paced mode and burst mode The con version rate for e
218. ot be available for use with the KPCI 3108 board Refer to your DriverLINX documentation to determine which modes are available e Pulse on terminal count Mode 0 e Programmable one shot Mode 1 e Rate generator Mode 2 e Square wave generator Mode 3 e Software triggered strobe Mode 4 e Hardware triggered strobe Mode 5 Each of these modes is explained briefly in the subsections that follow Refer to the DriverLINX Counter Timer Programming Guide for more details Pulse on terminal count counter timer mode 0 The pulse on terminal count mode is useful for event counting or for programming a time delay Software is used to force the output low On the next clock pulse after the software writes the ini tial count value the counter is loaded When the counter reaches zero the output goes high and remains high until the software writes a new count value Note that the output does not go high until n 1 clock pulses after the initial count is written where n indicates the loaded count A high gate input enables counting a low gate input disables counting The gate input has no effect on the output Note that an initial count value written while the gate input is low is still loaded on the next clock pulse Figure 2 13 illustrates pulse on terminal count mode Figure 2 13 Pulse on terminal count counter timer mode clockPulse i Tif LE LE LILI LILI LI 1 Software forces i i lt Software writes initial output low c
219. ount value of 3 Output i KPCI 3108 Series User s Manual Functional Description 2 31 Programmable one shot counter timer mode 1 The programmable one shot mode is useful for providing a hardware triggered delay or one shot pulse The output is initially high A trigger loads the initial count value into the counter At the next clock pulse after the trigger the output goes low and remains low until the counter reaches zero The one shot pulse is n clock cycles in duration where n indicates the loaded count After the counter reaches zero the output goes high and remains high until the clock pulse after the next trigger this makes the one shot pulse retriggerable You do not have to reload the count into the counter The gate input has no effect on the output Writing a new count to the counter during a one shot pulse does not affect the current one shot pulse Figure 2 14 illustrates programmable one shot mode Figure 2 14 Programmable one shot counter timer mode clockPulse F Lif LE LE LILI LILI LI 1 i ___ Trigger loads initial count value of 3 Output Rate generator counter timer mode 2 The rate generator mode is useful for generating a real time clock interrupt The output is ini tially high A trigger loads the initial count value into the counter At the next clock pulse after the trigger the counter starts counting down When the counter reaches one the output goes low for one clock pulse and then
220. pical of difference between channels added at full speed Gain Throughput Error at full speed 1 100kS s 0 01 100kHz 2 100kS s 0 01 100kHz 4 100kS s 0 01 100kHz 8 100kS s 0 01 100kHz 10 100kS s 0 01 100kHz 20 80kS s 0 02 100kHz 40 50kS s 0 03 100kHz 80 35kS s 0 04 100kHz 100 35kS s 0 02 50kHz 200 20kS s 0 1 50kHz 400 20kS s 0 1 50kHz 800 20kS s 0 12 50kHz Linearity Integral 1 5 LSB Max Differential 1 LSB Max Accuracy Bipolar 25 C 1 C 25 C 25 C AZ on 1Yr Noise Quantization uV AZ on 1Yr Range Resolution uV Reading Offset Single Point typ RMS Reading Offset 10V 305 17 0 0125 500uV 1500 350 0 0375 500uV 5V 152 58 0 0125 250uV 750 175 0 0375 250uV 2 5V 76 29 0 0125 120uV 375 90 0 0375 120uV 1 25V 38 15 0 0125 75uV 200 50 0 0375 75uV 1 0V 30 52 0 015 50uV 160 40 0 055 50uV 0 5V 15 26 0 015 30uV 100 25 0 055 30uV 0 25V 7 629 0 015 15uV 75 15 0 055 20uV 0 125V 3 815 0 015 14uV 50 12 0 055 20uV 0 100V 3 052 0 020 13uV 80 25 0 125 20uV 0 050V 1 526 0 020 10uV 48 20 0 125 15uV 0 025V 0 763 0 020 10uV 45 12 0 125 15uV 0 0125V 0 382 0 020 10uV 40 10 0 125 15uV A 4 Specifications KPCI 3108 Series User s Manual Accuracy Unipolar 25 C 41 C 25 C 25 C AZ on 1Yr Noise Quantiza
221. put channels See Figure 4 4 e To set and read all digital input and output bits on your board See Figure 4 5 Figure 4 1 Analog I O Panel oscilloscope utility DriverLINX Analog 170 Panel File Help Setup Scope Meter SST LevelControl DIO Offset fr YoltziDir aa ran 5 Omir 20m dom Offset tl mi 40 5 5 ipus o Ioma sig 20m aus TrigSoarce Trigler lt l TrigSlope Trighode f 5 C ids Ao Auta Paim dis ERA an 7 7 m AE BE God Af BE End KPCI 3108 Series User s Manual DriverLINX Test Panels Figure 4 2 Analog I O Panel digital voltmeter utility DriverLINX Analog 170 Panel M JOR Xx File Help Setup Scope Meter ssT LevelControl DIO Reres aes 5 6 279 40 5 0 10 bi Pee eee ae oe ae Ee a PAIDRA AETI Figure 4 3 Analog I O Panel function generator utility DriverLINX Analog I 0 Panel ie Es File Help Setup Scope Meter Level Control DIO Cha 0 7 100 00 Ruaaiag A Mode Coat Fuaction Sagare Frequcacy Dats Cecle Py el Burst am F Space Fined APs DI2S45 657 a gig 1 10 100 1K Amplitade Riasge liz Sin Square Triangle LES ChB Cheee Chanacl Selection Faactios Dizphy Freq Amptd BE Ofs Duty Phase Burst Bant Bi rsk Tiq 4 3 4 4 DriverLINX Test Panels KPCI 3108 Series User s Manual Figure 4 4 Analog I O Panel output level control utility DriverLINX Analog 170 Panel Of x File Help
222. put test as follows Turn OFF the host computer Wire a screw terminal accessory as described under Equipment for the analog input hard ware test Connect the screw terminal accessory as wired in step 2 to the KPCI 3108 upper Analog VO connector 4 Turn ON the host computer and boot Windows 95 98 or NT In the Start menu click Programs Find the DriverLINX Test Panels folder under which you should find the AIO Panel entry KPCI 3108 Series User s Manual Troubleshooting 6 29 7 Click on the AIO Panel entry The Analog I O Panel setup screen appears e Ifa KPCI 3108 board is the only computer board that is installed in your computer under DriverLINX Figure 6 17 is similar to what you will see e If more than one type of board is installed in your computer under DriverLINX the Analog I O Panel may appear similar to Figure 6 17 but with multiple drivers listed under Driver Selection and or multiple devices listed under Device Selection for example Device0 Device1 etc Your board type and device number may not be displayed initially and fewer tabs may be displayed at the top of the screen than in Figure 6 17 If so click the scroll buttons next to the Driver Selection and Device Selection text boxes until your KPCI 3108 board type and device number are displayed All six tabs will then be displayed Figure 6 17 Analog I O Panel setup screen example DriverLINX Analog I O Panel Eile Help S
223. quent active edges of the external clock source See Figure 2 6 Figure 2 6 Enabling conversions with software triggers Software enables conversion process lt lt Conversions begin with i external source programmed i for negative edge Internal Clock Source External Clock Source i Idle State Conversions begin with internal clock source e External trigger operation with internal clock source If conversions are triggered with an external trigger and timed via an internal pacer clock source then analog input operations are triggered as follows 1 Conversions begin virtually immediately after the internal trigger 2 The 82C54 counter timer is idle until the internal trigger occurs However after the trig ger occurs the first conversion begins within 400ns 3 Subsequent conversions are synchronized to the internal clock See Figure 2 7 KPCI 3108 Series User s Manual Functional Description 2 17 e External trigger operation with external clock source If conversions are triggered with an external trigger and timed via an external clock source then analog input operations are triggered as follows 1 Conversions are armed when the trigger occurs 2 Conversions begin with the next active edge of the external clock source 3 Conversions continue with subsequent active edges of the conversion clock See Figure 2 7 Figure 2 7 Enabling conversions with hardware triggers a Trigger occur
224. r configurable for 2 IP3 e Counter timer timebase and or gate inputs 3 IP1 e External pacer for A D or D A conversion e External digital trigger e Target mode digital input 4 OPS Multi function digital output bits user configurable for 5 OP3 e Counter timer outputs 6 OPI e Trigger output e Control addressing for expansion and signal conditioning accessories e Pacer clock output e Target mode digital output 7 DGND Digital ground Analog inputs which function Analog inputs which function as follows for inputs configured as follows for inputs configured as differential as single ended 8 CH07 LO CH15 HI Channel 07 low level input Channel 15 high level input 9 CH06 LO CH14 HI Channel 06 low level input Channel 14 high level input 10 CHO05 LO CH13 HI e Channel 05 low level input Channel 13 high level input 15 CHO00 LO CH08 HI e Channel 00 low level input Channel 08 high level input 16 No connection 17 18 AGND Analog ground Refer to Wiring analog input signals 19 IP4 Multi function digital input bits user configurable for 20 IP2 e Counter timer timebase or gate inputs 21 IPO e External pacer for A D or D A conversion e External digital trigger e Target mode digital input 22 OP4 Multi function digital output bits user configurable for 23 OP2 e Counter timer outputs 24 OPO e Trigger output e Control addressing for expansion and signal conditioning accessories e Pacer clock output e Target mode digital
225. r in Section 2 For information about wiring the analog outputs refer to Wiring analog output signals KPCI 3108 board only in Section 3 For information about configuring and using the analog outputs refer to your DriverLINX documentation and application software documentation 2 22 Functional Description KPCI 3108 Series User s Manual Digital input and output features This section discusses the following e The 32 general purpose digital inputs and outputs e The six multi function digital inputs and six multi function digital outputs including Bit assignment options Special functions KPCI 3108 boards have 32 general purpose digital inputs and outputs six multi function digital inputs and six multi function digital outputs The general purpose digital I O and multi function digital I O are discussed in separate sections below NOTE For all digital I O logic 1 on an I O line indicates that the input output is high greater than 2 0V logic 0 on an I O line indicates that the input output is low less than 0 8V The digital inputs are compatible with TTL level signals Multi function digital inputs are provided with 10kQ pull up resistors connected to 5V therefore multi function digi tal inputs appear high logic 1 if no signal is connected General purpose digital inputs and outputs The lower Digital I O connector provides 32 bits of high current I O 15 mA max source current at 2 gt 2 0V 64 mA
226. r under DriverLINX Figure 6 24 is similar to what you will see e If more than one type of board is installed in your computer under DriverLINX the Ana log I O Panel may appear similar to Figure 6 24 but with multiple drivers listed under Driver Selection and or multiple devices listed under Device Selection for example Device Devicel etc Your board type and device number may not be displayed ini tially and fewer tabs may be displayed at the top of the screen than in Figure 6 24 If so click the scroll buttons next to the Driver Selection and Device Selection text boxes until your KPCI 3108 board type and device number are displayed All six tabs will then be displayed 9 Click the DIO tab An on screen digital I O controller appears similar to Figure 6 25 KPCI 3108 Series User s Manual Troubleshooting 6 39 Figure 6 24 Analog I O Panel setup screen when only a KPCI 3108 board is installed under DriverLINX DriverLINX Analog I O Panel BEE File Help Setup Scope Meter SST Level Control DIO Al Chn Mapping KEITHLEY Analog 1 0 Panel 40 Chn Mapping ERE Driver Selection Device Selection memes Devicel iei KPCI3108 HUE TEETER MIN Versinn 10 This application Was BALEAR Microsofivistial Elasis FEMEN Realtime Briak FEMENA Rage Copyright 1999 Scientific Software Tools Ine Figure 6 25 The on screen digital I O controller DriverLINX Analog I O Panel File Help Setup Scope Meter SST
227. rd If you disconnected external circuits from the screw terminal accessory reconnect them and the accessory as discussed in Sec tion 3 Installation d Turn ON the computer and start your data acquisition software 2 Repeat the task that you were doing with your data acquisition system when the problem occurred and observe the performance KPCI 3108 Series User s Manual Troubleshooting 6 27 3 Based on the results of step 2 do one of the following e If the system now performs satisfactorily you have successfully isolated and corrected the problem e Ifthe system still does not perform satisfactorily then the cause of your problem may be outside the scope of these diagnostics Read the instructions in Technical support and then contact Keithley for help in isolating the cause of your problem Specified hardware I O tests The tests in this section check whether the analog and digital I O of the board work properly The I O are tested using proven DriverLINX utilities thereby bypassing any unresolved applica tion software issues These tests are intended to be used when specified in the preceding Sys tematic problem isolation procedure However they may also be used at any time for general functional checks of your KPCI 3108 board NOTE During these tests disconnect all user circuits from board except for connections specified in individual test procedures Analog input hardware test The analog inpu
228. re 3 2 Figure 3 3 Figure 3 4 Figure 3 5 Figure 3 6 Figure 3 7 Figure 3 8 Figure 3 9 Figure 3 10 Figure 3 11 Figure 3 12 Figure 3 13 Figure 3 14 Figure 3 15 Figure 3 16 Figure 3 17 List of Illustrations Functional Description Block diagram of KPCI 3108 board sissies cecieeese tes eetcecesocsnesencoeeececessechesiobesusbblontrinssesssesnsonessereseneoios 2 2 Multiplexing of 16 input terminals in mixed differential and single ended termination modes Channel gaim queue xamples riisiin oneee banca stevens seh ree seennzonns dads eso EE EKE REE e 2 8 Paced mode and burst mode timing for a queue of channels 4 tO 7 0 eeeeesceeeseeseeseeeceeeteeeeeeseeeseneeseed Examples of analog trigger CONGItIONS ce eeecseeseeseesececeeeseseeeecsecsseseesecuecseeacesecaecaeeeesaecaeeeseessaeeatensees Enabling conversions with software triggers 00 eee ees eeeeeeeeeeeeeeseeeeeeseecaecaeecaecsacsaessaeeaeceeseseseeeesetenesad 2 16 Enabling conversions with hardware triggers ccceseesccescceceeceseeceecesaeceeeeceaeeeneeeeneecaeeseneceeeeeaeseaeerses Trigger acquisition MMOMES wsessissscsVesessssbassccssesasnestencssdansben Er EEE E REEE REEE EEVEE EEEE EE EE EER E ETE ER EE 2 19 Enabling conversions with gates ccscceseesscesceseceeceseeeeceseeeeceseeeneeaeecsecaeecaeceaeeaecaaeeecaeseaeereeeeeeeeaeenesed Timing for the generation Of TOGOU T cissieosec ecient tps resero iss arrett Erena eE EEE En
229. re accessed by adding to the base address Bias current in differential amplifier A small but finite current drawn through an input terminal of a differential amplifier to the corre sponding input transistor Depending on the design of the amplifier the bias current flows into the base of a bipolar transistor the gate of a junction field effect transistor or the biased protec tive diodes in front of a MOS field effect transistor Ideally the bias current through the input high terminal of the amplifier is identical to the bias current through the input low terminal Because bias currents flow through the resistance of the signal source and through the resistance between the signal source and ground compensation techniques are sometimes employed to minimize input errors caused by the resulting voltage drops Bipolar An analog signal range that includes both positive and negative values Burst clock For a data acquisition board operating in the burst mode a pulse emitting circuit that determines the analog data conversion rate See also Burst conversion mode and Conversion rate Burst clock rate The rate at which timing pulses are emitted from a pacer clock See also Burst clock Burst conversion mode Burst clock frequency See burst clock rate Burst conversion mode A data acquisition mode in which a group of analog input channels are scanned at a rate determined by the pacer clock and each channel within the group is converted at
230. red power supply having up to a 1OVDC range and accurate to 6 digits KPCI 3108 Series User s Manual Calibration 5 3 Calibration procedure preliminary This section describes the steps required to calibrate the analog inputs and outputs of your KPCI 3108 board Preparing for the calibrations Prepare your system for calibration as follows 1 Warm up the calibrator and the DVM DMM 2 Turn OFF the host computer 3 Connect the STP 36 or STP 36 C screw terminal accessory to your KPCI 3108 board using the CAB 1284CC Series or equivalent cable Refer to Section 3 Connecting interface accessories to a KPCI 3108 board for more information about connecting these accessories 4 Turn ON the host computer 5 Start the calibration utility as follows a Click on the Windows Start tab b In the Start menu click Programs c Find the DriverLINX folder and click the Test Panels gt KPCI 3108 Calibration Utility entry The Select DriverLINX Device dialog box appears similar to Figure 5 1 Figure 5 1 The Select DriverLINX Device dialog box Select DriverLINX Device Select a device from the following list KPCI 3108 DeviceD 5 4 Calibration KPCI 3108 Series User s Manual d Inthe Select DriverLINX Device dialog box select your board and click OK The KPCI 3108 Calibration Utility dialog box appears similar to Figure 5 2 e Continue with the next section Calibrating the analog inputs Figure 5 2
231. rence to step 6g click on the g to go directly to substep 6g Click on the 6 to go to the beginning of step 6 for example to see the context of substep g To return from the referenced item to what you were reading before you jumped to the refer enced item the Index TOC top page margin or cross reference do either of the following Hold down the CONTROL key and press the key i e press CONTROL In the Acrobat Reader View menu click Go Back 1 4 Overview KPCI 3108 Series User s Manual Hardware characteristics The KPCI 3108 series boards are high performance PC bus data acquisition boards for PC compatible computers running Windows 95 98 or NT PCI bus data acquisition boards such as the KPCI 3108 have two major advantages over ISA bus data acquisition boards The PCI bus Plug and Play feature allows a user to install the data acquisition board without making manual system configurations Upon system power up or reset the PCI bus Plug and Play feature automatically configures the board for your system eliminating the need to set DIP switches on the board Cleaner faster direct data transfer to and from memory via bus mastering bypassing the CPU Data transfer occurs at speeds up to 132 MB sec rate for the PCI bus versus 8 33 MB sec maximum for the ISA bus due to the 32 bit width and 33 MHz clock speed of the PCI bus Data transfer causes minimal interruptions to normal
232. rew terminal accessory to a KPCI 3108 board The STP 36 and STP 36 C accessories provide basic screw terminal wiring to the I O connector of a KPCI 3108 board All of the screw terminals are connected to the same numbered pins of a KPCI 3108 Analog or Digital I O connector Figure 3 4 shows how the accessory connects to the board Figure 3 4 Connecting STP 36 and STP 36 C screw terminal accessories Analog I O and Multi Function Digital I O KPCI 3108 Board General Purpose Digital I O STP 36 or STP 36 C CAB 1284CC Accessory Series Cable o j ojo o 0o o Oo o 0o o 0O CAB 1284CC Series Cable o O ojo o ojo o ojo o ojo o ojo oo STP 36 or STP 36 C Accessory o o olo o olo o olo o olo o olo o o o o o o o o JO o o JO o o o o o KPCI 3108 Series User s Manual Installation 3 15 As shown in Figure 3 4 use a CAB 1284CC Series cable to connect a STP 36 accessories to a KPCI 3108 Available CAB 1284CC Series cables are listed in Table 3 3 Table 3 3 CAB 1284CC Series cables Cable Description CAB 1284CC 1 TEEE 1284 type C C round cable with shielded twisted pair conductors and molded 36 pin mini Centronics connectors on each end Length islm CAB 1284CC 2 Same as CAB 1284CC 1 except length is 2m The screw terminal numbers and assignments on an ST
233. rhaps more similar to Figure 6 4 with any or all of the following differences 1 tiny buttons located at the right side of the Driver Selection text box and or the Device Selection text box 2 a different board driver under Driver Selection 3 a different device number under Device Selection 4 different tabs at the top of the screen See Figure 6 4 The tabs at the top of the screen look like the tabs in Figure 6 3 after you do the fol lowing using the tiny buttons next to the text boxes 1 select the board driver under Driver Selection to be KPCI3108 and 2 select the correct device number under Device Selection which is 0 if only one KPCI 3108 board is installed Figure 6 4 Analog I O Panel example setup screen with multiple board types installed DriverLINX Analog 170 Panel ie x File Help Setup oo Al Cha Mappiag KEITHLEY Analog I O Panel AcChs Mr Riag BHA PHa Driver Selection Derice Selection D e oo 4 i DeviceD D 8 KMBCTM 2 ON OM amp OM OnrM ea Oo OHARA M OM a ve LETETT This pplication Was BUH FAigtosottyisital Basic PabO Rus ReabTime Shark PabO Bus Gatige ette teee eu te eeete M a a Copyright 199 Scicatific Software Tools ac e Case C If neither of the two scenarios above apply neither Case A nor Case B then continue with step 3 there may be a problem with the DriverLINX installation and or the board configuration 3 Select the next step i
234. ritten amplification following it NOTE This is not a stand alone procedure Use it only when it is called for by another procedure Figure 6 12 Problem isolation Scheme C application software 11 Analog input software test tried AND OK last try 1 Do analog input software test 12 Does this board have analog outputs KPCI 3108 2 Does this board have analog outputs KPCI 3108 2 2 Analog inputs work with software 12 Analog output software test tried AND OK last try 4 Analog outputs work with software 6 Digital 1 0 works with software 13 Check if commercial 8 Custom applications program that applications program is can be checked and modified vs proven correctly installed and the commercial program that can t be correct version to work with DriverLINX 7 Needed to modify or reinstall program to get to this point 9 Check and debug the custom application program 14 Sure that version and installation of commercial 10 Rechecked custom program AND rogram OR Program errors There could retested I O AND sure of no more code were likely the be a problem errors problem and in the have apparently external user F been fixed connections 15 Reinstall the Get Keithley commercial application help program ensuring that it Go to Go to is the correct version to Scheme G Sc
235. rk properly thereby bypassing potential board problems These tests are intended to be used when specified in the preceding Systematic problem isolation procedure NOTE During these tests disconnect all user circuits from the board except for connections specified in individual test procedures Analog input software test This basic analog input test checks whether your application software correctly monitors DC analog inputs You ground analog channel 0 apply a DC voltage to channel 1 and measure the results KPCI 3108 Series User s Manual NOTE NOTE NOTE Troubleshooting 6 45 During this test ensure that no user circuits are connected to the KPCI 3108 board via the required screw terminal accessory except for analog input connections specified for the test The analog input test is a software function test not a calibration check although readings from a properly calibrated board should correspond to a known test voltage within the accuracy specifications of the board If you wish to check and adjust the accuracy refer to Section 5 Calibration The analog input software test is only a basic check of your application software You are encouraged to perform additional tests that exercise your software more thoroughly Equipment for the analog input software test The following equipment is needed for the analog input test e A voltage source supplying a known voltage at lt 5V Refer to Table 6 7 for
236. rn OFF the host computer Connect the negative lead of the DVM DMM to a ground terminal of the screw terminal accessory as indicated in Table 6 8 Connect the STP 36 or STP 36 C screw terminal accessory to the KPCI 3108 I O connector Turn ON the host computer and boot Windows 95 98 or NT Start DriverLINX and your application software Set your application software to output OV at analog outputs 0 and 1 6 48 Troubleshooting KPCI 3108 Series User s Manual 7 Measure and compare the analog output voltages as indicated in Table 6 9 a Measure the voltages at analog outputs 0 and 1 with your DVM DMM b Compare the voltages you measured in step 7a with the voltages you set via the analog output level control Table 6 9 Test connections and readings for zero voltage analog output connect the DVM or DMM to these If board works correctly the terminals on an STP 36 or STP 36 C accessory following voltages should agree To test this Analog output screw Analog ground screw Voltage reading at analog output terminal terminal Level control setting DVM or DMM Analog output 0 36 0 0V 0 0V 17 or 18 Analog output 1 35 0 0V 0 0V 8 Set your application software to output 5V at analog outputs 0 and 1 9 Measure and compare the analog output voltages as indicated in Table 6 10 a Measure the voltages at analog outputs 0 and 1 with your DVM DMM b Compare the voltages you measured in step 9a with the vo
237. roblem Start the systematic isolation procedure at the next section entitled Problem isolation Scheme A basic system unless you have been directed otherwise in this manual The board Driver LINX installation check in Section 3 of this manual sends you directly to Scheme B CAUTION Always turn OFF your computer and any external circuits con NOTE nected to the KPCI 3108 board before removing or replacing the board Removing or replacing a board with the power ON can dam age the board the computer the external circuit or all three Handle the board at the mounting bracket using a grounded wrist strap Do not touch the circuit traces or connector contacts In the following procedure the term board always refers to a KPCI 3108 board The procedure never directs you to install or remove any type of board other than a KPCI 3108 board In the flowcharts of Schemes A through G the number in brackets in each block e g 6 refers to the corresponding step number in the amplified written procedure If multiple blocks in the flowchart have the same number each of those blocks is part of a single verbal step Con versely if there is a range of numbers in the brackets e g 4 5 or 8 10 the block summarizes multiple verbal steps The logic used in the systematic problem isolation schemes assumes that the problem has only one cause Therefore once a cause is found and corrected the reader is instructed to reassembl
238. round and the KPCI 3108 board analog ground are typically not at the same voltage level This voltage difference is due to the wiring between the data acquisition equipment and the building system ground to which power using and noise generating equipment is typically also connected The voltage difference is seen at the KPCI 3108 differential input terminals as a common mode voltage V so called because it is effec tively common to both the input high and input low terminals An ideal properly connected dif ferential input responds only to the difference in the signals at the input high and input low terminals The common mode voltage is rejected leaving only the desired signal Practically the common mode voltage always causes an error typically small that is limited by the common mode rejection ratio CMRR of the differential input Figure 3 15 illustrates how to satisfactorily connect a ground referenced signal source to a dif ferential input In the upper circuit of Figure 3 15 a separate ground return line is connected between the negative terminal ground of the signal source and the analog ground of the KPCI 1800HC Series board Because both the input high and input low terminals of the KPCI 1800HC have high input impedance effectively all ground currents due to ground volt ages flow through the separate ground return line Because the separate ground return line is common to both the input high and input low terminals the voltag
239. rrupt interrupt level definition B 8 interrupt mode operation definition B 8 interrupt service routine definition interrupt definition B 8 ISA bus definition LabVIEW software description 3 3 installation considerations 3 4 M 1 8 Least significant bit LSB definition B 8 Linearity definition LSB See Least significant bit Map definition B 8_ MB Olinterface accessory connecting KPCI 3108 to 3 19 MB 02 interface accessory connecting KPCI 3108 tof 3 22 MB 05 interface accessory connecting KPCI 3108 tol 3 19 Memory required for computer Modes counter timer modes description 2 30 hardware triggered strobe mode description 2 33 programmable one shot mode description 2 31 pulse on terminal count mode description 2 30 rate generator mode description 2 31 Software triggered strobe mode description 2 32 square wave generator mode description _2 32 input modes polarity mode choosing 2 6 termination modes choosing_2 6 definition B 12 Moving around manual electronic cross references using moving from the point of reference to the refer enced text 1 3 returning from the referenced text to the point of reference 1 3 general 1 3 Multi function digital inputs as counter timer clock inputs as external pacer clock input KPCLK 339 as gate input for A D conversions 2 25 as gate inputs for counter timers as general purpose input as
240. rsions Stopped JL Internal or External Trigger External Digital Trigger A gate is a digital input that allows conversions to proceed as long as the gate signal is active logic high and causes conversions to be halted as long as the gate signal is inactive logic low In other words conversions can be started and stopped at will by turning the gate input on and off By contrast a trigger acts at a single instant in time Refer also to Triggers in this section The gate input signal is a logic high or logic low TTL compatible signal that is connected to bit IP1 pin 3 of the upper Analog I O connector Bit IP1 is a multi function digital input bit Therefore you must software configure it for gate input This same input bit is used as the exter nal trigger in TGIN bit However it must be configured differently for the board to recognize incoming signals as gate signals instead of as trigger signals 2 20 Functional Description KPCI 3108 Series User s Manual The way conversions are synchronized with a gate signal depends on whether you are using an internal clock or external clock source as follows e Gate operation with internal clock source When using the gate input with an internal clock conversions are synchronized with the internal gate signal When the gate signal becomes active the 82C54 counter is loaded or reloaded with an initial count value and starts counting and data conversion starts or resumes W
241. s one at a time and try boot ing the computer Repeat until a boot is attained 2 Try resolving conflicts by reinstalling one PCI board at a time and rebooting after each reinstallation However you may ultimately need to change ISA board resource allocations such as base address or interrupt assignments Board not seated properly The power supply of the host computer is too small to handle all the system resources Check the installation of the board Check the needs of all system resources and obtain a larger power supply After board and software are installed mouse control is lost or system freezes Board does not respond to the Analog I O Panel that comes with the KPCI 3108 DriverLINX An interrupt conflict occurred DriverLINX is not installed properly Unplug the board to regain mouse control Look closely at the COM ports and at the interrupts of other devices Check the Windows Device Manager and follow the installation troubleshooting instructions in the DriverLINX on line help The board is incorrectly aligned in the expansion slot The board is damaged Check the board for proper seating Contact Keithley Applications Engineering KPCI 3108 Series User s Manual Troubleshooting 6 3 Table 6 1 cont Basic troubleshooting information Symptom Possible cause Possible cause validation solution Data appears to An open connection exists C
242. s Input S E or Diff Mode unipolar or bipolar Manufacturer CPU type Clock speed MHz MB of RAM Video system BIOS type DOS version Windows version Name Serial Version Invoice Order Language Manufacturer Version Type Type Type Type Type Type Type Type 6 56 Troubleshooting KPCI 3108 Series User s Manual If a telephone resolution is not possible the applications engineer will issue you a Return Material Authorization RMA number and ask you to return the equipment Include the RMA number with any documentation regarding the equipment When returning equipment for repair include the following information e Your name address and telephone number e The invoice or order number and date of equipment purchase e A description of the problem or its symptoms e The RMA number on the outside of the package Repackage the equipment using the original anti static wrapping if possible and handle it with ground protection Ship the equipment to ATTN RMA Repair Department Keithley Instruments Inc 28775 Aurora Road Cleveland Ohio 44139 Telephone 1 888 KEITHLEY FAX 440 248 6168 NOTE If you are submitting your equipment for repair under warranty you must include the invoice number and date of purchase To enable Keithley to respond as quickly as possible you must include the RMA num
243. s Figure 6 44 shows the proper response Figure 6 44 Proper response of channel 3 bits when channel 2 output bits are set to bit pattern B 23 22 21 20 19 18 17 16 Channel 3 Input Bits C L E e Ifthe observed channel 3 input bit pattern is not the same as shown in Figure 6 44 your application software is not performing general purpose digital I O functions properly Stop here and return to step 5 of Scheme C in the Systematic problem isolation procedure e If the observed channel 3 input bit pattern is the same as shown in Figure 6 44 your application software is performing general purpose digital I O functions properly Stop here and return to step 5 of Scheme C in the Systematic problem isolation procedure KPCI 3108 Series User s Manual Technical support Troubleshooting 6 55 Before returning any equipment for repair call Keithley for technical support at 1 888 KEITHLEY Monday Friday 8 00 a m 5 00 p m Eastern Time An applications engineer will help you diagnose and resolve your problem over the telephone Please make sure that you have a record of any diagnostic tests that you have performed and the following information available before you call KPCI 3108 Series board configuration Computer Operating system Software package Compiler if applicable Accessories Model Serial Revision code Number of channel
244. s on positive edge TGIN Input TGOUT Output ene i Conversions begin with lt external source programmed i for negative edge External Clock Source Internal Clock Source Idle State Conversions begin with 3 internal clock source Figure 2 7 also shows that a pulse is initiated at the trigger out TGOUT digital output just fol lowing the external trigger pulse at the TGIN trigger input the IP1 multi function input config ured as TGIN For more information about TGOUT refer to the section The trigger out TGOUT digital output function 2 18 Functional Description KPCI 3108 Series User s Manual Trigger acquisition modes Depending on your application you may wish to use a trigger event to do one of the following to start data collection to halt data collection after a specified amount of additional data is col lected or to halt data collection abruptly Three trigger modes are available in the KPCI 3108 to accomplish these objectives Post trigger acquisition mode In post trigger acquisition the data to be acquired appears after the trigger event Post trigger acquisition starts after an internal or external trigger event and continues until a specified number of samples has been acquired or until the operation is stopped by software See Figure 2 8a Post trigger the most common trigger acquisition mode has many obvious applications About trigger acquisition mode In about trigger acquisiti
245. s are set to bit pattern B 6 43 6 52 Vil viii 1 Table 1 1 Table 1 2 Table 1 3 Table 1 4 2 Table 2 1 Table 2 2 Table 2 3 Table 2 4 Table 2 5 3 Table 3 1 Table 3 2 Table 3 3 Table 3 4 Table 3 5 Table 3 6 Table 3 7 Table 3 8 Table 3 9 Table 3 10 Table 3 11 Table 3 12 Table 3 13 Table 3 14 Table 3 15 Table 3 16 Table 3 17 List of Tables Overview System TEQUITEMENUS sresti nereis asen E E EEEE EE S E EEEE ST EE S E EE EE EEEE EERE 1 6 Channel expansion signal conditioning and digital I O accessories sssesesesesesssrseeesrrereereresrsserrnseeeesed l 7 Screw terminal accessories and adapter screw terminal accessories ese seeesssereesereererterrreereseerrreereee 1 8 Cables used to interconnect the accessories essssssseresriesoroeestosestsseitistirevoererresesevieresoereesotteeoso sestas sosse 1 9 Functional Description Gains ranges and resolutions for a KPCI 3108 board essesessessssessssesssresssreersesessersestrsseeessreessesessresee Maximum throughput for channel to channel sampling at fixed gain esssssoessseeesseesesersreerssessrsrsersrees 2 11 Analog output ranges and resolutions eecceeeeceeseceseeceseceseeceececsaeeeeceseeesaecuceceaeceaeeceeeeaeceeneeaeeesaeenaes 2 21 Specific bit assignments and descriptions for multi function digital inputs 0 0 Leese sete eteeneeeeeees 2 23 Specific bit assignments and descriptions for multi function
246. scription Cable Description accessories MB 02 Signal conditioning module channel expansion C 2600 Ribbon cable 18 STA 3108 A3 rack Accommodates up to sixteen MB Series One required for inch with a 26 pin accessory modules All sixteen modules are multiplexed to each MB 02 rack header connector one single ended analog input channel of a at each end and External 5V KPCI 3108 board one in the middle power supply not used in the recommended configuration STA 3108 A3 Adapter screw terminal accessory Interfaces CAB 1284CC TEEE 1284 type None the Analog KPCI 3108 I O connector to as Series CC cable 36 pin many as four MB 02 accessories as well as to screw terminals that are numbered identically to the Analog connector pins A daisy chain of up to four STA 3108 A3 accessories interfaces the Analog KPCI 3108 I O connector to as many as sixteen MB 02 accessories mini Centronics connectors on each end 3 24 Installation KPCI 3108 Series User s Manual Connecting digital I O accessories to the KPCI 3108 board via an STA 3108 D1 accessory Using one of the following digital I O accessories in conjunction with an STA 3108 D1 adapter screw terminal accessory you can input and or output optically isolated AC and DC digital signals or output relay contact closures with your KPCI 3108 board PB 24 PB 24SM SSIO 24 ERB 24 SRA O1 ERA O1 STA 3108 D1 Figure 3 11 and Table
247. sed for that measurement e The polarity mode bipolar or unipolar to be used for that measurement e The termination mode single ended or differential to be used for that measurement The entire list of sequential scan specifications is sometimes referred to as a channel gain queue However it specifies more than just channels and gains for a KPCI 3108 board 2 8 Functional Description KPCI 3108 Series User s Manual Channel numbers may be skipped or be repeated in the queue if desired For example by repeat ing a channel number in the queue you can do the following e Sample some channels more frequently than others e Provide extra settling time to wash out residual signals between gain changes e Provide extra samples for averaging Figure 2 3 illustrates a possible channel gain queue Figure 2 3 Channel gain queue example Position Positi 254th 255th 256th in queue Channel 13 14 02 number Channel gain Polarity Mode Termination Mode Note bipolar and uniploar Note D differential and SE single ended All 256 combinations of channel gain polarity mode and termination mode in the channel gain queue are held in a 256 position RAM You need not specify combinations for all 256 positions however Refer to Table 2 1 for available gains and corresponding input ranges Optimum selection and sequencing of channel gains may be affected by your required through put and by n
248. sions as soon as 300ns after the active edge of the trigger input while another board could start conversions as late as 500ns after the active edge of the trigger input When using scheme 1 you can time subsequent A D conversions using either the onboard pacer clock or an external pacer clock KPCI 3108 Series User s Manual Installation 3 43 Board synchronization scheme 2 In Scheme 2 start conversions in either of two ways by an external trigger gate signal or by software The board connections are in a master slave relationship board 0 is the master and the other boards are the slaves If using a hardware trigger for board 0 of scheme 2 board 0 triggers conversions in all boards immediately Note that TGOUT is an active high going signal Therefore you must program the TGIN input of each slave board to respond to the positive rising edge of the TGOUT signal If you use software to enable board 0 the following sequence occurs 1 The board 0 pacer clock first triggers conversions in the slave boards 2 Then conversions start in board 0 Conversions in board 0 are delayed by a protection feature which is built into the register that creates software triggered conversions This protection feature prevents false conversions Wiring 5V power to external circuits CAUTION Ensure that both the computer and the external circuit are turned OFF before making any connections Making connections while the computer and external
249. sories to your KPCI 3108 board you must configure multi function output bits as addresses to sequence the expanded I O channels You configure bits OPO OP1 OP2 and OP3 as expansion channel addresses when you select output option 1 You simultaneously configure OP4 as an expansion accessory gain bit required by some expansion accessories when you select output option 1 Table 2 5 summarizes the bit assignments under multi function digital output option 1 2 28 Functional Description KPCI 3108 Series User s Manual Counter timer features Each KPCI 3108 board includes an 82C54 circuit that contains three counter timers C TO C T1 and C T2 This section briefly discusses e The purpose and use of the counter timers in general e The counter timer operational modes available with the KPCI 3108 board Counter timer general discussion Each of the three counter timers may be used to count event pulses or timing pulses such as pulses from a precision time base When the number of pulses it counts at its clock input equals a preset number set via software the counter timer emits an output signal that may be used for a variety of purposes For example the output may be used as an event trigger as a divided frequency timing signal or as the clock input for a second cascaded counter timer Counting is either enabled continuously or is enabled or disabled through a gate input Figure 2 11 illustrates the inputs and outputs of the three 82
250. specified in terms of multiple Least Significant Bits LSBs In that case the precision or accuracy is represented by the binary number that results from counting the specified number of least significant bits For example the binary number that results from counting 3 LSBs is 0011 0001 0001 0001 0011 Therefore a 12 bit number precise to within 3 LSBs is precise to within 0011 1111 1111 1111 3 4096 0 07 of full scale Linearity For a curve relating instrument readings to known inputs the maximum deviation of readings from a straight line drawn between readings at zero and full range LSB See Least Significant Bit Map Any representation of the structure of an object For example a memory map describes the lay out of objects in an area of memory and a symbol map lists the association between symbol names and memory addresses in a program KPCI 3108 Series User s Manual Glossary B 9 Multiplexing A technique whereby multiple signals are sent to one input one signal at a time in a specified sequence Multiplexer MUX A circuit that switches multiple signals into one input one signal at a time in a specified sequence MUX See Multiplexer Negative edge triggering Digital trigger mode in which the triggering action starts on the falling edge of the signal See also Trigger polarity and Digital trigger Noise An undesirable electrical signal from an external source such as an AC power line motors gen er
251. splay example channel 0 connected to ground ou eee eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeees 6 30 On screen digital voltmeter display example channel 1 connected to flashlight battery 6 31 Analog I O Panel setup screen example when only a KPCI 3108 board is installed under DriverLINX 0 cc eceesesceecsseseeseceecseeseesecaeceeesceaeceesecsaesaseeesecsaeseeseeaecaeeaeeaeeaeeaseeeeas 6 33 On screen analog output level control oo eee ee eeeseeeseceeceececesaecnaeeaecsecsaeceecsaecseeseseseeseseaseaeeeaesaeeeneeaay 6 34 Channel and bit numbers for STP 36 and STP 36 C screw terminal acCeSSOFI S eeeesereeeeeeeereeee 6 36 Loop back wiring for general purpose digital I O hardware and software test cesses crete 6 37 Analog I O Panel setup screen when only a KPCI 3108 board is installed under DriverLINX 6 39 The on screen digital I O controller cece eeecseseeeseeseecseceeecaecsaesaecsaesaececesecseeeseeeeseseaseaeseaecaeeeaeenay 6 39 Configuring the digital I O channels as inputs and outputs 0 00 cee eceseeeeeceeceeeeeeceecneeseeeecaecateeeaeeaeeeed 6 41 Configuring channel 1 for output bit pattern Aw eee eeeseeeseeseceseeceseeeeeeceecsaeeeeseceecseeseesesaeceeeecaeeaeeeel 6 41 Proper response of channel 4 input bits when channel 1 output bits are set to bit pattern A 6 41 Configuring channel 2 for output bit pattern Aw eee cseeseeseeseceeeeceseeeeeceecseeeeesecsecseeseeeecaeseseesaeeaeeeel 6 42 Figure 6 30 Figure 6 31
252. t 10 Bit 26 Bit 11 Bit 27 Bit 12 Bit 28 Bit 13 Bit 29 Bit 14 Bit 30 Bit 15 Bit 31 DGND 5 V DGND 5 V KPCI 3108 Series User s Manual Installation 3 11 Table 3 2 Signal descriptions for Digital O connector pins and screw terminals Digital connector pin or STP 36 Bit terminal assignment Description 1 Bit 0 General purpose digital I O bits channel 0 As a group these 8 2 Bit 1 bits are user configurable as either all inputs or all outputs The 3 Bit 2 8 bits comprise the register of a type 652 chip 8 Bit 7 9 Bit 8 General purpose digital I O bits channel 1 As a group these 8 10 Bit 9 bits are user configurable as either all inputs or all outputs The 11 Bit 10 8 bits comprise the register of a type 652 chip 16 Bit 15 17 18 DGND Digital grounds Refer to Wiring general purpose digital I O signals 19 Bit 16 General purpose digital I O bits channel 2 As a group these 8 20 Bit 17 bits are user configurable as either all inputs or all outputs The 21 Bit 18 8 bits comprise the register of a type 652 chip 26 Bit 23 27 Bit 24 General purpose digital I O bits channel 3 As a group these 8 28 Bit 25 bits are user configurable as either all inputs or all outputs The 29 Bit 26 8 bits comprise the register of a type 652 chip 34 Bit 31 35 36 5V 5 VDC from computer bus Refer to Wiring 5V power to external circuits 3 12 Installa
253. t KPCI 3108 hard ware malfunctions are at fault If only one KPCI 3108 board was installed you replace or repair it If more than one KPCI 3108 board was installed you use PCI connection tests and if neces sary I O tests to find which board is bad Refer to Figure 6 15 NOTE This is not a stand alone procedure Use it only when it is called for by another procedure Figure 6 15 Problem isolation Scheme F the board Were multiple boards removed in Scheme A Determine what PCI devices have already been found by Y the host computer ref Scheme A Step 5 Find out which board is bad Install in a good PCI connector one board removed in Scheme A Check if the board removed in Scheme A is seen as a new PCI device ref Scheme A Step 7 Have you checked all boards removed in Scheme A for recognition as PCI devices Y Replace the bad board removed in Scheme A with a known good board Do Section 6 Analog input hardware test on boards removed in Scheme A Board removed in Scheme A was apparently bad replacement likely solved the problem Are all boards checked seen as PCI devices N Do any of boards removed in Scheme A Go to have analog outputs KPCI 3108 Scheme G Do Section 6 Analog output hardware test on boards removed in Scheme A having analog outputs N Do Section 6 General purpose digital I O hardware test on
254. t bit of a KPCI 3108 board SSIO 24 ERB 24 Module interface board that holds up to 24 miniature optically isolated solid state digital I O modules Each module is connected to one general purpose digital output bit of a KPCI 3108 board Relay board with 24 double pole double throw dual Form C electromechanical relays Each module is connected to one general purpose digital output bit of a KPCI 3108 board SRA 01 ERA O1 Module interface board in box that holds up to eight industry standard solid state digital I O modules Each module is connected to one general purpose digital output bit of a KPCI 3108 board Relay board in box with eight single pole double throw Form C electromechanical relays Each module is connected to one general purpose digital output bit of a KPCI 3108 board Connecting one of these accessories to a KPCI 3108 board requires an interface accessory and suitable cables Select the required accessories and cables using one of the following figure table combinations in Section 3 Figure 3 7 and Table 3 4 Figure 3 8 or Figure 3 9 and Table 3 6 Figure 3 10 and Table 3 8 or Figure 3 11 and Table 3 10 1 8 Overview KPCI 3108 Series User s Manual Table 1 3 Screw terminal accessories and adapter screw terminal accessories Accessory Description STP 36 Screw terminal accessory Interfaces either the Analog or the Digital KPCI 3108 Series I O connector to screw
255. t test checks whether the analog inputs particularly the instrumentation ampli fier and A D converter are working correctly In this test a voltage applied to KPCI 3108 chan nel 01 is measured using the on screen digital voltmeter utility that is supplied with DriverLINX In the same way channel 00 is grounded and checked for offset voltage One volt age measurement and one grounded input measurement are sufficient because of the following e All analog channels are connected to the same instrumentation amplifier and A D converter via the multiplexer e The multiplexer is unlikely to be a problem source Both the voltage and grounded input measurements are made in the single ended input mode NOTE During this test ensure that no user circuits are connected to the KPCI 3108 board except for analog input connections specified for the test The analog input test is a functional test not a calibration check although readings from a properly calibrated board should correspond to a known test voltage within the accuracy specifications of the board If you wish to check and adjust the accuracy refer to Section 5 Calibration 6 28 Troubleshooting KPCI 3108 Series User s Manual Equipment for the analog input hardware test The following equipment is needed for the analog input test A voltage source supplying a known voltage at lt 5V Refer to Table 6 2 for more details Optional A Digital Voltmeter DVM or a Digi
256. tal Multimeter DMM to accurately deter mine the voltage of the voltage source An STP 36 or STP 36 C screw terminal accessory wired as shown in Table 6 2 These are the same connections as made for the analog input software test If possible use a screw terminal accessory that is reserved for I O tests Avoid using a screw terminal accessory that is normally connected to your external circuits You thereby avoid the extra labor and potential wiring errors involved in disconnecting and later reconnecting your external circuits Table 6 2 Wiring for analog input hardware test and an between this analog analog input ground Connect this test voltage terminal terminal OV via a short between the analog input terminal and ground 33 17 or 18 Channel 00 HI lt 5V from one of the following 32 17 or 18 e A battery Channel 01 HI e An isolated power supply e A voltage divider e g 10kQ or 20kQ between the 5V board power output terminal 25 and analog ground terminal 17 or 18 For example composed of two 5kQ or 10k resistors Observe the CAUTION below CAUTION Ifyou use the 5V board power to energize a voltage divider ensure that the 5V board power terminal cannot accidentally short to ground A short to ground can damage one or more of the following the screw terminal accessory the board the computer Procedure for the analog input hardware test Perform the analog in
257. tal input and output signals Electrical characteristics of the multi function digital I O are listed in Appendix A Configuring programming and using the multi function digital I O is discussed in your DriverLINX documentation and or your application software documentation Software configurable special functions for the multi function digital I O are discussed briefly in the subsections that follow KPCI 3108 Series User s Manual Functional Description 2 25 The external pacer clock XPCLK digital input function You can configure multi function bit IPO as an external pacer clock input XPCLK Then you can connect this input to an external hardware clock source to time analog data conversions You cannot use the external pacer clock source and the internal pacer clock source simulta neously However you can simultaneously use the software clock source to start analog data conversions while simultaneously using either an internal or external hardware clock source For more information about the use of an external pacer clock refer to the following headings earlier in Section 2 Data conversion modes Clock sources and Analog output features The trigger in TGIN digital input function You can configure multi function bit Plas an external digital trigger input TGIN or gate input Then you can connect this input to an external TTL compatible trigger or gate signal for starting and or stopping analog to digital conv
258. ted in Table 6 3 3 Connect the STP 36 or STP 36 C screw terminal accessory to the KPCI 3108 upper Analog I O connector 4 Turn ON the host computer and boot Windows 95 98 or NT 5 In the Start menu click Programs 6 Find the DriverLINX Test Panels folder under which you should find the AIO Panel entry e If a KPCI 3108 board is the only computer board that is installed under DriverLINX Figure 6 20 shows a setup screen similar to what you will see Figure 6 20 Analog I O Panel setup screen example when only a KPCI 3108 board is installed under DriverLINX DriverLINX Analog I O Panel File Help Setup Scope Meter SST Level Control DIO Al Chn Mapping KEITH LEY Analog 1 0 Panel 40 Chn Mapping Driver Selection Device Selection mars Devicel KPCI3108 _ 8 mOOhOAN 2 Version 10 D This application Was BOLCA Migrosofiyistial Fass FEMEN Realtime Briak FREN AALE PATEE STT lll 0 DAMA RWN apan Copyright 1999 Scientific Software Tools Inc e If more than one type of board is installed in your computer under DriverLINX the Ana log I O Panel may appear similar to Figure 6 20 but with multiple drivers listed under Driver Selection and or multiple devices listed under Device Selection for example Device0 Devicel1 etc Your board type and device number may not be displayed ini tially and fewer tabs may be displayed at the top of the screen than in Figur
259. terminals that are numbered identically to the connector pins STP 36 C An STP 36 with an added plastic frame that permits DIN rail mounting STA 3108 A1 Adapter screw terminal accessory Interfaces the Analog KPCI 3108 Series T O connector to an EXP 1800 channel expansion accessory as well as to screw terminals that are numbered identically to the Analog connector pins If needed one STA 3108 accessory can interface the KPCI 3108 to an entire daisy chain of EXP 1800 accessories The daisy chain may contain up to sixteen EXP 1800 accessories STA 3108 A2_ Adapter screw terminal accessory Interfaces the Analog KPCI 3108 Series T O connector to MB 01 MB 05 and STA MB signal conditioning accessories as well as to screw terminals that are numbered identically to the Analog connector pins STA 3108 A3_ Adapter screw terminal accessory Interfaces the Analog KPCI 3108 I O connector to as many as four MB 02 accessories as well as to screw terminals that are numbered identically to the Analog connector pins A daisy chain of up to four STA 3108 A3 accessories interfaces the Analog KPCI 3108 I O connector to as many as 16 MB 02 accessories STA 3108 D1 Adapter screw terminal accessory Interfaces the Digital KPCI 3108 Series T O connector to a PB 24 PB 24SM ERB 24 SSIO 24 SRA 01 or ERA 01 digital I O accessory as well as to screw terminals that are numbered identically to the Digital
260. ternating signal equals the square root of the time average of the square of that signal A sinusoidal alternating current having a particular rms value and a DC current hav ing that same value produce the same joule heating when connected to a given resistor Some times referred to by standard deviation S Abbreviation for the Sample or Samples unit See Sample data acquisition Sample data acquisition A single value that is read from or written to one channel See also Channel Sample and Hold SH An operation or electronic circuit in which an analog input signal is stored briefly as a voltage on a capacitor typically until it can be digitized by an analog to digital converter See also Simultaneous sample and hold and Analog to digital converter Sample rate The rate at which a continuous time signal is sampled The sample rate is frequently expressed in units of samples second S s kilosamples second kS s or megasamples second MS s Sampling analog to digital converter An analog to digital converter containing a sample and hold circuit at the front end which cap tures the incoming analog signal and holds it for the duration of the analog to digital conversion process See also Analog to digital converter Sample and Hold SH Saturation amplifier Amplifier condition in which an increase of the input signal produces no further increase in the output signal B 12 Glossary KPCI 3108 Series User s Manual
261. test panel and no instruments are required However you must wire an STP 36 or STP 36 C screw terminal accessory in the loop back configuration shown in Figure 6 23 If possible use a screw terminal accessory that is reserved for I O tests Avoid using a screw terminal accessory that is normally connected to your external circuits You thereby avoid the extra labor and potential wiring errors involved in dis connecting and later reconnecting your external circuits Procedure for the general purpose digital I O hardware test Perform the I O hardware test as follows 1 Turn OFF the host computer 2 Ifa screw terminal accessory is attached to the upper Analog I O connector of the KPCI 3108 I O board remove it No circuits should be connected to the Analog I O con nector during these tests 3 Wire an STP 36 or STP 36 C screw terminal accessory as described in Figure 6 23 4 Attach the wired screw terminal accessory to the lower Digital I O connector of the KPCI 3108 board Refer to Connecting interface accessories to a KPCI 3108 board in Section 3 of this manual 5 Turn ON the host computer and boot Windows 95 98 or NT 6 In the Start menu click Programs 7 Find the DriverLINX Test Panels folder under which you should find the AIO Panel entry 8 Click on the AIO Panel entry The Analog I O Panel setup screen appears e If aKPCI 3108 board is the only computer board that is installed in your compute
262. the features of the board s that was removed is satisfactory For example a KPCI 3108 board substitutes for a KPCI 3107 board The KPCI 3108 has all the features of the KPCI 3107 plus analog outputs not available in the KPCI 3107 Using the same model or a features plus model of good KPCI 3108 board is not so important in Scheme A However it is important in other schemes that follow Scheme A Those other schemes assume that the correct model of good board was previously installed in Scheme A e If you find computer or operating system malfunctions in step 3 do the following a Determine the cause of the computer hardware or operating system malfunctions b Fix the computer hardware or operating system malfunctions c Assume that fixing the malfunctions has solved your problem and skip to Problem isolation Scheme G verification of problem solution Determine the PCI resources detected by your computer before any KPCI 3108 boards are installed Proceed as follows a Shut down Windows 95 98 NT and turn OFF power to the host computer b Insert a blank diskette or any diskette that you are sure is unbootable into the A drive c Turn ON the computer and allow it to start the boot cycle The boot cycle stalls at a text screen listing system characteristics and resources and say ing at the bottom Non system disk or disk error Replace and press any key when ready KPCI 3108 Series User s Manual NOTE d e
263. ther manufacturers products that Keithley purchases for resale Keithley shall have no duty of obligation to enforce any manufacturers warranties on behalf of the customer Software Keithley warrants that for a period of one 1 year from date of shipment the Keithley produced portion of the software or firmware Keithley Software will conform in all material respects with the published specifications provided such Keithley Software is used on the product for which it is intended and other wise in accordance with the instructions therefore Keithley does not warrant that operation of the Keithley Software will be uninterrupted or error free and or that the Keithley Software will be adequate for the customer s intended application and or use This warranty shall be null and void upon any modification of the Keithley Software that is made by other than Keithley and not approved in writing by Keithley If Keithley receives notification of a Keithley Software nonconformity that is covered by this warranty during the warranty period Keithley will review the conditions described in such notice Such notice must state the published specification s to which the Keithley Software fails to conform and the manner in which the Keithley Software fails to conform to such published specification s with sufficient specificity to permit Keithley to correct such nonconfor mity If Keithley determines that the Keithley Software does not conform with the published
264. tion uV AZ on 1Yr Range Resolution uV Reading Offset Single Point typ RMS Reading Offset 0 to 10V 152 58 0 0125 350uV 750 125 0 0375 350uV 0 to 5V 76 29 0 0125 175uV 375 80 0 0375 175uV 0 to 2 5V 38 15 0 0125 75uV 190 50 0 0375 75uV 0 to 1 25V 19 07 0 0125 50uV 100 30 0 0375 50uV 0 to 1 0V 15 26 0 015 40uV 100 28 0 055 40uV 0 to 0 5V 7 629 0 015 25uV 75 25 0 055 25uV 0 to 0 25V 3 815 0 015 15uV 50 15 0 055 20uV 0 to 0 125V 1 907 0 015 13uV 50 12 0 055 20uV 0 to 0 100V 1 526 0 028 13uV 65 20 0 14 20uV 0 to 0 050V 0 763 0 028 10uV 50 15 0 14 15uV 0 to 0 025V 0 382 0 028 10uV 40 12 0 14 15uV 0 to 0 0125V 0 191 0 028 10uV 35 10 0 14 15uV NOTE Accuracies are based on an average of 10000 samples Add noise to get maximum uncertainty of a single sample Common Mode Rejection Typical analog circuit rejection ratio with 10 V p p sine wave excitation at 60 Hz Gain CMRR dB 1 82 0 2 88 5 4 95 5 8 103 3 10 83 8 20 91 0 40 100 0 80 105 2 100 83 8 200 91 0 400 100 3 800 110 5 Data Transfer Modes DMA PCI Bus Master Interrupt Target mode transfer Polled Target mode transfer KPCI 3108 Series User s Manual Analog outputs Number of Channels Resolution Maximum Update Rate Monotonicity Range Accuracy Temperature Coefficients Offset Gain Slew Rate Output Current Protection Maximum Cap
265. tion KPCI 3108 Series User s Manual Connecting interface accessories to a KPCI 3108 board CAUTION The two I O connectors of KPCI 3108 board labeled Analog and Digital are mechanically identical Ensure that you connect inter face accessories and indirectly external circuits to the correct I O connector Connecting interface accessories or external circuits to the wrong connector may result in damage to the KPCI 3108 board the host computer your external circuits or all three Use combinations of the following interface accessories to wire your circuits to the KPCI 3108 TO connectors e Basic screw terminal accessories e Channel expansion signal conditioning or digital I O accessories combined with adapter screw terminal accessories e Interconnection cables Section 1 summarized the available interface accessories in Table 1 2 Table 1 3 and Table 1 4 This section describes how to interconnect these accessories as follows e The first subsection describes the STP 36 or STC 36 C screw terminal accessory and how to connect it to your board e The second subsection through the fifth subsection describe various channel expansion sig nal conditioning and digital I O accessories and how to connect them to your KPCI 3108 board Each of these accessories interfaces to your board through a specially designed adapter screw terminal accessory The following topics are covered Connecting EXP 1800 channel expansion
266. tion digital output bits OPO through OP4 Refer to Table 2 5 Frame sync digital output signal Frame sync is a digital output signal that goes low logic 0 just after completion of a scan of the channel gain queue This may be useful in the future for track and hold applications The counter timer digital output functions Your board includes an 82C54 circuit that provides three counter timers You can configure the multi function digital output bits on the upper Analog I O connector as external counter timer clock outputs for all three 82C54 counter timers as follows e Bit OPI is the external output for counter timer C TO e Bit OP2 is the external output for counter timer C T1 e Bit OP3 is the external output for counter timer C T2 You can connect these outputs to perform a variety of tasks For more information about the use of the 82C54 counter timers refer to Counter timer fea tures later in Section 2 All three counter timer outputs are simultaneously available when the board is configured for multi function digital output option 0 Additionally you may individually configure bit OPS as the output for any of the counter timers independently of the three output options that configure the other five multi function digital output bits OPO through OP4 Refer to Table 2 5 The expansion channel digital output functions When you connect EXP 1800 expansion accessories or MB 02 signal conditioning expansion acces
267. to the input low LO and input high HI termi nals Channel LO and AGND should have a common DC return or connection at some point this return should be as close to the signal source as possible e Avoid bimetallic junctions in the input circuitry For example the thermal emf of a Kovar to copper junction such as at the Kovar leads of reed relay is typically 40uV C Thermal emfs at bimetallic junctions combined with air currents and other sources of temperature varia tion can introduce strange random signal variations e Consider filtering which can be accomplished with hardware resistors capacitors and so on but is often accomplished more easily with software Instead of reading the channel once read it 10 or more times in quick succession and average the readings If the noise is random and Gaussian it will be reduced by the square root of the number of readings Refer also to Section 2 Optimizing throughput for additional precautions about assigning high gains to channels in the channel gain queue 3 34 Installation KPCI 3108 Series User s Manual Wiring analog output signals KPCI 3108 board only This section provides a few guidelines on wiring the analog outputs from the two 16 bit DACs digital to analog converters that are available on a KPCI 3108 board Each DAC can be soft ware configured to output a range of 10V 5V 0 to 10V or 0 to 5V Performance characteris tics and drive capabilities for thes
268. tput is set high immediately this allows you to use the gate input to synchronize the counter Figure 2 16 illustrates square wave generator mode Figure 2 16 Square wave generator counter timer mode Clock Pulse Li LJ LJ LJ LJ LI LILI Trigger loads initial count value of 4 Output Software triggered strobe counter timer mode 4 When the counter timer is in the software triggered strobe mode the output is initially high Writing the initial count through software loads the initial count value into the counter at the next clock pulse but the counter does not start counting At the next clock pulse the counter starts counting down When the counter reaches zero the output goes low for one clock pulse and then goes high again Note that the output does not go low until n 1 clock pulses after the initial count is written where n indicates the loaded count A high gate input enables counting a low gate input disables counting The gate input has no effect on the output Figure 2 17 illustrates software triggered strobe mode Figure 2 17 Software triggered strobe counter timer mode Clock Puse LEE LE LE LILI LILI LI Software loads counter with initial count Software writes intial count value of 3 Output KPCI 3108 Series User s Manual Functional Description 2 33 Power Hardware triggered strobe counter timer mode 5 When the counter timer is in the software triggered strobe mode the
269. ure The CAUTION heading in a manual explains hazards that could damage the instrument Such damage may invalidate the warranty Instrumentation and accessories shall not be connected to humans Before performing any maintenance disconnect the line cord and all test cables To maintain protection from electric shock and fire replacement components in mains circuits including the power transformer test leads and input jacks must be purchased from Keithley Instru ments Standard fuses with applicable national safety approvals may be used if the rating and type are the same Other components that are not safety related may be purchased from other suppliers as long as they are equivalent to the original component Note that se lected parts should be purchased only through Keithley Instruments to maintain accuracy and functionality of the product If you are unsure about the applicability of a replacement component call a Keithley Instruments office for information To clean an instrument use a damp cloth or mild water based cleaner Clean the exterior of the instrument only Do not apply cleaner directly to the instrument or allow liquids to enter or spill on the instrument Products that consist of a circuit board with no case or chassis e g data acquisition board for installation into a computer should never require cleaning if handled according to instructions If the board becomes contaminated and operation is affected the
270. vdabseevecasabniasscaneotancsodanespesasbepenacessed 3 28 Wiring analog output signals KPCI 3108 board only 0 0 eee ceseeseceeeeseceeceeeeeeeeeeeeeseteeetaeeeeeeaeeeaeeaey 3 34 Wiring digital input and output signals 0 0 eee eee eseececseeceeceessecssesaeceecsaeceecseeseseseeeeseseseeetaeeeeeeaeesaeaey 3 35 Synchronizing Multiple DOA Ss sevses se cues sesceseechgst dacs sewediedeoshavgss nEn ESEE AE E EEEE ENE EEEa E ierden 3 42 Wiring 5V power to external Circuits 0 eee eeeeceeseeeeeceeceecaeesaecsaesaeceecsaecseesseeseseseseeeeaeseaeeaeeeeeeaeeaaeaey 3 43 DriverLINX Test Panels Driver LINX Analos VO Panel ooreis enan a o eean ae eaea E EEEE E E E EEEE Starting the Analog I O Panel Using the Analos VO panel seirinin eoero Re E EAEE AEE E O RE REE DriverLINX Calibration Utuity vcsssccccccscticscsacssacesecscacaocectectecscuvaecssessbeis eti E EE TEESE EE SA Calibration Tite MUC HOM AET T sense tdonss laxecavcabuasscaasdbascbossusenscuuseSodusbuade Moone savseabestaacssabieebidbsased ODO CTV ES inn Sosa sch ves uses sebeadaed OEE ERE soup aoe EERE EEEE E TETEE EE Erri Calibration summary n Eg ipmMment eienen are re aa Se r Ee aE a Ea aE RAEES e Ea Eet Calibration procedure preliminary Preparing for the calibrations o iiissosiesiornesisesorooccrieriroe esre ekeren eera RE EEE AREER EEEE E EE EEEE EER Calibrating the analog Inputs ssccssvssscsssascciessssccoetscivacessassuaescapecuvacsveasvaaues EA EPERE KE EERE CPES EREE STR
271. will then be displayed Figure 4 6 Analog I O Panel setup screen similar to the screen that appears when only a KPCI 3108 board is installed under DriverLINX DriverLINX Analog I O Panel File Help Setup Scope Meter SST Level Control DIO Al Chn Mapping KEITH LEY Analog Vie Panel 40 Chn Mapping PHE Driver Selection Device Selection Devicel gt oh KPCI3108 Version 1 Pe ee ey oO oH ch This application Was BALEAR Microsofivistial Basie PanGets Reallime Skat PanGEis Babee Copyright 1999 Scientific Software Tools Inc 4 6 DriverLINX Test Panels KPCI 3108 Series User s Manual Using the Analog I O panel For more details about the program refer to the Analog I O Panel help menu To review test procedures that use the digital voltmeter and level control utilities of the AIO panel refer to Analog input hardware test and Analog output hardware test in Section 6 For a procedure using the digital I O utility of the AIO panel refer to General purpose digital I O hardware test in Section 6 DriverLINX Calibration Utility The DriverLINX Calibration Utility automates many of the operations required to calibrate the analog I O of your board This is possible because the KPCI 3108 board does not have calibra tion potentiometers Instead it is 100 digitally calibrated using on board trimming digital to analog converters trim DACs On screen instructions lead you through th
272. your digital I O continue with step 7 7 Select the next step in Scheme C based on the criteria given in the following alternatives e If you reached this point without modifying the custom software or reinstalling the com mercial software if you experienced no problems in the tests at any point then the problem you originally experienced must lie elsewhere Go to Problem isolation Scheme E user wiring and check your external connections e If you reached this point by having to modify the custom software or reinstall the com mercial software if you no longer experience problems in the tests then assume that you have solved the original problem Go to Problem isolation Scheme G verification of problem solution and verify that the problem is solved 8 You arrived at this point because one of the I O software tests failed Select the next step in Scheme C based on the criteria given in the following alternatives e If your applications program is a proven program potentially a commercial program that you cannot modify then the software may be installed incorrectly or perhaps is incompatible with DriverLINX Skip to step 13 e If your applications program is a custom program that can be modified the source code is available then continue with step 9 9 Check and debug the source code as necessary 6 22 Troubleshooting 10 11 12 13 14 KPCI 3108 Series User s Manual At this point you h
273. ype 652 chip 34 Bit 31 35 36 5V 5 VDC from computer bus Refer to Wiring 5V power to external circuits 3 38 Installation KPCI 3108 Series User s Manual Wiring multi function digital I O signals KPCI 3108 boards provide six digital inputs and six digital outputs at the upper Analog I O connector These I O bits are software configurable to preform a variety of functions including control of external signal conditioning and expansion accessories You must wire all multi function digital I O connections to the upper Analog I O connector of the board through one of the following e The screw terminals of an STP 36 or STP 36 C screw terminal accessory Wire a multi function I O signal between the appropriate digital I O terminal and a digital ground terminal To connect an STP 36 or STP 36 C accessory to your board refer to Connecting an STP 36 or STP 36 C screw terminal accessory to a KPCI 3108 board earlier in Section 3 e Unshared digital I O screw terminals of the required STA 3108 A Series accessory when using an analog signal conditioning expansion accessory Refer to the manual for your signal conditioning expansion accessory and to one of the following sections earlier in Section 3 Connecting EXP 1800 channel expansion accessories to the KPCI 3108 board via an STA 3108 A1 accessory Connecting an MB 01 MB 05 or STA MB signal conditioning accessory to the KPCI

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