UBD User Manual
Contents
1. On the left side of 154 there is a red handle on a pipe that is labeled AIR This is the air pressure On Figure 4 8 the valve is closed To fully open the valve rotate the handle counter clockwise until the handle points directly downwards FCV091 Controls the flow of hot or cold water to the model Figure 4 9 shows the system around FCVO091 AN i Wv C z MM la e Y Figure 4 9 FCV 091 14 H gskolen i Telemark Open the handles labeled varmt vann and kaldt vann by turning them counter clockwise as done earlier Translation Varmt vann Hot water Kaldt vann Cold Water The FCV091 is adjusted by pressing the rubber button on the back and adjust the wheel on the front to the desired value Here the values symbolize the mix of hot cold water Where 0 Cold water and 4 Hot water 4 4 2 FCV124 FCV114 and FCV104 These three valves controls how much water flows from the cold hot water into the main pipe They are adjusted the same way as earlier where 0 closed and 4 is open FCV 124 is shown in Figure 4 10 These three flow control valves are located over the main pipe at certain intervals from left to right N Figure 4 10 FCV124 152. On the left side of the 1420 Wireless gateway page are a folder named setup Press the sign in front to open more options The next step is to open the HART folder Press devices here you can change the transmit rate as shown in Figure 4 7 There are three that need to be changed namely PT123B TT139B and TT145B Choosing next in the HART device setup screen can access TT145B 12 H gskolen i Telemark 7 10 4 0 7 HART Device Setup Windows Internet Explorer Dl x GJ v https 10 4 0 7 servlet hartdevice X Certificate Error A X Bing p File Edit View Favorites Tools Help p Favorites 53 i Suggested Sites g Web Slice Gallery gt R gt gt 10 4 0 7 HART Device Setup E omm Safety Tools 1420 i nat Wireless Gateway vo A g 10 4 0 7 Diagnostics amp Monitor Device Descriptor Transmit Decommission p S Explorer ID Rate fg Setup co 09 me UBDMODELL UBDMODELL fDesc 00 30 03 00 30 03 t g Network Internet protocol LJ Security Time e Res T System Backup HL Page Options AAA dnb ii lt lt First lt lt Previous I Search Page 2 of 2 Next gt gt Last gt gt fpGateway su 55 Submit B M Modbus SPC opc like Trends Emerson 2006 1420 HG 3 0 10 Internet Protected Mode Off Fa 10095 Figure 4 7 Wirele
3. B 294b SKAP4100 DeltaV Pro Plus Cable nee cease E Wireless signal Network cable Figure 3 1 UBD process overview 3 1 Transmitters The transmitters used in the process 22 Temperature transmitters TT where 2 are wireless 5 Flow transmitters FT 3 Acoustic sensors AT 6 Pressure transmitters PT where 2 are wireless 3 2 Controllers The controllers used in the process 5 Flow control valves FCV 8 Hand valves HV 3 3 DeltaV DeltaV is the automation system used to control and monitor the UBD model Because this is an advanced tutorial the basic works of DeltaV will not be explained any further For basic tutorials please refer to the DeltaV training station H gskolen i Telemark 3 4 Wireless HART Wireless HART is Emerson Process Management s hereafter Emerson own wireless system This system needs a wireless gateway to be able to communicate with the automation blocks that in turn communicate with the automation HMI In cases where the gateway transmitters and controllers are compatible by version this is all you need for communication with the automation blocks Wireless HART implements a masking system for communication between the individual transmitters controllers and the gateway With this system in place there is no need for every transmitter to be in direct contact with the gateway It is sufficient that the transmitters have a connection between them as long as o
4. gt ST VA H gskolen i Telemark Fakultet for teknologiske fag Bachelor 1 ingeni rfag UBD Model Fakultet for teknologiske fag Adresse Kj lnes ring 56 3918 Porsgrunn telefon 35 02 62 00 www hit no Bachelorutdanning Masterutdanning Ph D utdanning H gskolen i Telemark TABLE OF CONTENTS TABLE OFCONTENTS NN 2 1 INTRODUCTION LAND 3 2 PRINCIPLES se 4 2o SOVEBBADANCED DRILLING OBB LNG 4 2 2 UNDERBALANCED DRILEING UBD hv 4 2 3 RELATION BETWEEN UBD MODEL AND AN OIL WELL aunanannnrnnnnennnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnsnnnnnnnennannnnnnnennennnnennennennnnennene 5 3 COMMUNICATION a QANA 7 NER NNN 7 NNN 7 gt DEN NNN 7 MER NNN 8 zo PN NNN 8 3 6 IDELTAV CABINET SKAPA LOO ene 9 4 CONTROLLING THE PROCESS Le 10 dl STARTING THE PROGRAM series eer Dept uat s tnc 10 22 JTHEPROGRANLINTERPACE PN 11 4 3 CHANGING UPDATE TIMES FOR WIRELESS TRANSMITTERS sccecescsccucceccsseseuccecseeneeuceeeeeeeeeuseeseeeeeeeceeeeeeess 11 4 4 OPENING MANUAL WATER AND AIR VALVES sara 13 AT FCV 154 ONG OL el 13 4 4 2 FCV124 FCV114 and ECV 1024 ennen ennen ennen obo oo vam 15 H gskolen i Telemark 1 INTRODUCTION In this user manual you will learn the basic principles behind the UBD model and how to operate it from the Human Machine Interface HMI The model simulates underbalanced drilling UBD which is a method for drilling oil by using a lower pressure tha
5. als for the wireless transmitters are set to 00 30 03 minutes These need to be changed in order to get faster updated values when running 11 H gskolen i Telemark To access these settings open Internet explorer In the search window type in http 10 4 0 7 this is the IP address for the wireless gateway When prompted select Continue to this website not recommended to continue to the settings as shown in Figure 4 6 Press ok in the following window the user name and password are already inputted Certificate Error Navigation Blocked Windows Internet Explorer GJ WIE http 10 4 0 7 v 9 Xx Bing Pr File Edit View Favorites Tools Help w Favorites 3 i Suggested Sites g Slice Gallery E Certificate Error Navigation Blocked fi me Pager Safety Toolsv r x There is a problem with this website s security certificate The security certificate presented by this website was not issued by a trusted certificate authority The security certificate presented by this website was issued for a different website s address security certificate problems may indicate an attempt to fool you or intercept any data you send to the server We recommend that you close this webpage and do not continue to this website G Click here to close this webpage B Continue to this website not recommended 9 More information Figure 4 6 Wireless Gateway login
6. e oil to flow uncontrollably up from the well H gskolen i Telemark Figure 2 2 Underbalanced drilling 2 3 Relation between the UBD model and an oil well As shown in Figure 2 3 the lower of the two horizontal pipes symbolizes the well main pipe The upper horizontal pipe symbolizes the reservoir where the desired hydrocarbons and gas reside The three vertical pipes leading down into the main pipe simulates the flow of hydrocarbons and gas from the reservoir into the well Oil and gas are simulated using a combination of air pressure and water The water and the pressured air flows into the main pipe causing a change in pressure temperature and flow volume D UBD MODELL Kaldt vann Varmt vann 0 0 Omgivelsestemperatur Akustisk sensor ogee B2 252 0 167739 Figure 2 3 UBD HMI Figure 2 4 shows how the UBD model relates to a real well The flow of water and gas flows from the reservoir into the well In our case the well 1s the main pipe located on the left side H gskolen i Telemark Figure 2 4 Relations between UBD model and a well H gskolen i Telemark 3 COMMUNICATION This chapter explains what types of controllers and transmitters that are used in the automation process for the UBD model There is also a basic explanation of Wireless HART and OPC Mirror which is used to make National Instruments signals compatible with DeltaV The overview of the process is shown in Figure 3 1 Process Hall Room
7. es of the well to become unstable and or crack Differential sticking is when the drilling head sticks to the surrounding rock formations This can cause an uneven drill rotation or in worst case a total halt of the drilling Figure 2 1 Overbalanced drilling 2 2 Underbalanced Drilling UBD Though not as commonly used as overbalanced drilling underbalanced drilling is achieved when the pressure exerted on the well 15 less than or equal to that of the reservoir shown in Figure 2 2 Underbalanced drilling 15 performed with a lightweight drilling head that applies less pressure than the formation pressure underbalanced drilling prevents formation damage that can occur during conventional or overbalanced drilling procedures Although initially more costly underbalanced drilling reduces common conventional drilling problems such as lost circulation differential sticking and formation damage Additionally underbalanced drilling extends the life of the drill because the drilling gases cool the bit by quickly removing cuttings There can also be great economic advantage from the use of underbalanced drilling in addition to the mentioned drilling advantages Underbalanced drilling makes it possible for the well to produce resources while drilling by having a lower pressure in the well One of the risks of using underbalanced drilling is flow back Flow back is when the drilling fluids are not balanced with the reservoir pressure and can caus
8. ick the DeltaV Operate Run icon Shown in Figure 4 3 Operate Run Figure 4 3 DeltaV Operate Run icon If you get a warning message where part of the text is Typically a temporary condition select Skip all 10 H gskolen i Telemark 4 2 The program interface There are two monitors that show the process On the left monitor there is a basic map of how the entire system is put together including other processes this is just an information monitor If only one of the monitors shows a picture check if the screen cables are connected If not plug both of the monitors in the back of the pro plus and restart the computer On the right monitor you will see a representation of the UBD model shown in Figure 4 4 If your window differs from this window press the arrows on the top left of the screen to cycle the different processes until the UBD model window is shown Module ly aaa 100000 0 217252 alos els Figure 4 4 UBD model From the UBD model window you can monitor all the values from the process The values that are changeable are FCV091 HV125 HV115 HV105 FCV124 FCV114 and 104 If one or more values are marked with NaN Not a Number as shown in Figure 4 5 there is a communication or hardware malfunction NaNET3 Figure 4 5 NaN icon 4 3 Changing update times for wireless transmitters To save battery life the update interv
9. n the more commonly used overbalanced drilling OBD These principles are explained in chapters 2 1 and 2 2 You will also learn what controllers and transmitters that communicate with the computer both wired and wireless The different programs used in the communication process will be explained in basics Figure 1 1 shows the pro plus workstation To operate the UBD model a basic understanding of process automation and DeltaV is preferable If you do not possess this please contact your teacher to get access to the Delta V training station In this guide we will not go into the programming but you will be given information needed to operate the model P DELL pre POPU 13500 O T3500 Westmere Edition i l MA OR Figure 1 1 Pro Plus H gskolen i Telemark 2 PRINCIPLES In this chapter the basics behind two well drilling theories will be explained namely Overbalanced Drilling OBD and Underbalanced Drilling UBD You will also learn how this relates to the UBD model 2 1 Overbalanced Drilling OBD 1s the cheapest and most commonly used drilling method for well drilling since the early 20 century This method maintains a borehole pressure that exceeds the pressure from the exterior reservoir shown in Figure 2 1 The OBD operates at a higher rotating speed and therefore produces higher temperatures and also increases the risk of formation fracture and differential sticking Formation fracture can cause the sid
10. ne is used as redundancy H gskolen i Telemark 4 CONTROLLING THE PROCESS In this chapter we will look at the basic running of the underbalanced process You will get information on how to log in open the program using the graphical user interface GUI 4 1 Starting the program Start by logging in to the DeltaV workstation in the DeltaV lab room B 294b located in the process hall Start the computer labelled pro plus the machine is shown in Figure 1 1 Press Ctrl Alt Delete when prompted to open the login screen enter user name administrator and password deltav shown in Figure 4 1 Delta Logon E X Curent user lt none gt Computer Domain Cancel User name ADMINISTRATOR Logoff Password Change Password Figure 4 1 DeltaV Logon screen To start the DeltaV program directly select DeltaV Operate from the FlexLock window to get directly into run mode If you want to start the program or access Windows desktop press Windows Desktop in the FlexLock window The FlexLock window is shown in Figure 4 2 O x FlexLock BET Delta Desktop Windows Desktop Deltaw Operate Delta Logon Figure 4 2 FlexLock window If you select DeltaV Operate you will be taken to the process control window in run mode If you select Windows Desktop you will be taken to a regular windows desktop To start the process control window from the desktop double cl
11. ne of these transmitters are in contact with the gateway The transmitters and the gateway on the UBD Model are not directly compatible A Modbus card is therefore needed to communicate between the gateway in the process and the DeltaV process control The communication between the gateway and automation blocks 15 established by a network connection Ethernet RJ 45 The gateway is located over the entrance door to room B 294 b and is shown in Figure 3 2 Smart Wireless Gateway Van 1A 1178 Hits Figure 3 2 Wireless Gateway 3 5 OPC Mirror OPC mirror is a software that makes it possible to connect a wide variety of hardware to a specified automation program In this case OPC mirror is used for communication between National Instruments hardware and DeltaV In the case of the UBD model most of the values are from the National Instruments NI cabinet shown in Figure 3 2 To make these NI values DeltaV compatible OPC mirror is used to convert between the two H gskolen i Telemark Figure 3 3 NI cabinet 3 6 DeltaV cabinet SKAP4100 In room 294 b you find cabinet SKAP4100 this is the connection point between all the signals to from the process In the cabinet you will find the automation blocks power supply controller IO cards two hubs and a network connection The IO cards are not in use with the UBD model as mentioned the model communicates through network In SKAP4100 you will find two network hubs where o
12. ss gateway settings Change all of the values to 00 00 03 and then press submit Press Return to form when prompted after pressing submit The transmit rate is now updated to transmit values faster IMPORTANT When finished with the process change the values back to 00 30 03 The batteries are expensive so having slow transmits rates when not in use increase the battery life for the wireless transmitters 4 4 Opening manual water and air valves Before opening the flow of water and air to the model make sure that there is no one working on plumbing Before opening the valves fully open them slightly and check for leakage There is in total five valves that need to be opened To open the FCV valves press the rubber button on the back of the valve Then turn the wheel on the front to the desired position 4 4 1 FCV154 and FCV091 The two main valves FCV 154 and FCV09 These two valves control the air pressure and hot cold water to the model These valves are located in the middle of the model underneath the main pipe 13 H gskolen i Telemark FCV154 Controls the cold water to the process as shown in Figure 4 8 How much water you want to flow into the process is determined on the value on the adjustment wheel 0 Closed 4 Open The red handle with a blank label sends water into FCV 154 this needs to be opened fully by turning the handle counter clockwise as far as it goes Figure 4 8 FCV154
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