Home

Fleet Broadband Best Practices Manual

1. Customer FleetBroadband SAS Dedicated Circuit Guaranteed QoS last mile delivery Figure 11 Dedicated Circuit Guaranteed QoS Last Mile Implementation The following dedicated connection types would be suitable for use with a Streaming IP channel e Basic and Primary Rate ISDN e Leased line e Internet based MPLS e Diffserv 4 4 Distribution Partner DP Infrastructure Considerations Have you selected your Inmarsat Distribution Partner yet Whether you have or you haven t you need to ensure that your DP has the infrastructure to support the applications and configurations that you wish to implement in your network such as Page 16 ee e Yes for all E O endalamaia Public Private Dynamic amp Radius server tor Own IP allocation amp Static Authent boat kon ves Flexibility of Own APN amp User ID amp Logon facility as ait Wes Real time access to User Accounts SIM into Yes Customers to have the Ability to do IF Streaming End to end Liser customised Last mille conmections amp Erd to end QOS Streaming gt Bonded ISON gt Lemed nections MPLS Diffserv based IP QOS connections P Worldwide Regional meetme Points of preseance POP Customised IP Addressing FleetBroadband Best Practices Manual Mo 7 Yes Some of the features you may need from your Distribution Partner are 4 5 l 2 ee World wide network of local
2. cccccceseeeceeeeee sees 28 5 9 5 External INOUE ir AE iaeetcriecien tian ety AE 29 5 9 6 DIPPING oe icencucnac seed a T a T 29 Op misine IP Se i GS asec ct cskessstvcccestecsceist esvetacecolesateacuseseecsssbss ecuscacbeslesaticresesnes 29 6 1 Satellite Latency and MS uenea a a 29 602 PCP WandOw Seena a a thai aed tain 30 6 3 INT IVA SS RWIN serene A note Reais lobniunuaeencaeatan ees 31 6 3 1 MTU Maximum Transmission UN It cccccccccccccsccccsecccsecccesecceseceaneceaes 31 6 3 2 MSS Maximum Segment S1Z cccccccccccccccccnssscccccccessseeceecsaesseceessaaessees 3 6 3 3 RWIN vaccn ces bets acumen cient a Pidkinsertetessabertestetes E a 31 6 4 Quecs cE MOUE sists teciiaaieeecitectelen E ton ami lulecica aie oad aeons e 32 6 5 TCEPAP SIOW SUAUL tasiusetsnearatiacanderedaandestsansaneeeswanalhdassheanundentdasiaonnlanaaalblaasbors 32 il FleetBroadband Best Practices Manual 6 5 1 ECP SIOW SIGTEOVETVICW origines eth cessto vain escalate eas 32 6 5 2 PIES ON S E T PEN T EEAO 33 6 5 3 HTTP Web Browsing Slow Start cccccccccccccsessecccescaesseceeecaaeeeseeeeeaaaes 33 6 6 FCP ANCCelerator TCP PEP heorien A 34 6 6 1 Abom AI CP ACCE OT resi a e E ENTER an 34 6 6 2 ECP ACCOLCIOLOF SOLITONS EEEE EE EAT A 34 Connecting Peripheral Devices to the FleetBroadband Terminal 35 7 1 DHCP Addressalocatl OMen a ceuinbenaerale See a neeaintcueeedens 35 T2 Network Address Translation NAT Mode cecccecceeccescensee
3. cccccccsssessseeeeeeeeeeeeeeseeeeeeeeeeaaas 10 3 Pre Installation Planning Vessel ssseecccocccssssccceocoossssccceccosssssseceossosssseceeooso 11 Jl Different Terminal Features and Configurations eeessssoeeesssssssseeersssss 11 22 Teta kastala O E E S 12 S21 QV CVI CW oonan a hte ten ouch ete eNO Ra ae 12 5 2 EOUME LOCATION satis cece Getcha Gus tae muti Sicchalanbvetvanaiinh Maxieuediaacenelats 12 3 2 3 TOD OV IS EE E N N 13 3 2 4 Anena C ODIO ee dines teins Mile const 13 JZ IP Network Cabling WiFi and Voice Fax Data Port Locations 14 3 2 6 TOW Case ssh eas cea tea saaeatncatisa tea ia sata oe eeuattcetinal tiaian ee cee ee 14 327 Fast Installation without downtime o ae 14 4 Pre Installation Planning HQ esecssssseeecccccssssccccoccssssscececcosssssscceossosssscceeosoo 14 FleetBroadband Best Practices Manual 4 1 Connecting to your Distribution Partner the Last Mile 14 4 2 Internet based Last Mile solutions for use with a Standard IP connection 15 4 3 Guaranteed Last Mile solutions for use with a Streaming IP connection 16 4 4 Distribution Partner DP Infrastructure Considerations cccccceeeee ees 16 4 5 VPN Implementation crcs E 17 4 6 Corporate Intranet Design Considerations ccccccccccccesseeeseeeeeeeeeeaeeeeees 18 4 7 Implementation Notes for Corporate Enterprise Systems cc eee 18 Vessel Network Considerations scccccssssssss
4. A least cost routing analysis can be carried out and implemented manually or preferably automatically with the use of least cost routing applications such as those from e Becker Marine UMC e Dualog e Livewire Selector Switch e Virtek e SeaWave Integrator 3 0 9 3 Traffic Monitoring Tools Automated traffic monitoring tools will be a key component of your communications cost management strategy Such tools may be provided by your Inmarsat DP or are available as third party solutions and will typically provide functions like Page 43 FleetBroadband Best Practices Manual e access to traffic usage information in as near to real time as possible e setting traffic warning thresholds e traffic profiling 9 3 1 DP Solutions Check with your DP for the availability of proprietary on line traffic monitoring tools such as Stratos Dashboard or Vizada Online DP provided tools often incorporate additional management tools such as e control over SIM cards and call time credit for each mobile terminal e uploading additional credit e creating groups of end users e assigning credit allowances in dollars either to SIM cards or groups of SIM cards e receive automatic warnings by email e ability to activate deactivate suspend un suspend and make any changes to SIM cards For the full range of DP value added services please contact your Distribution Partner 9 3 2 Third party Solutions Several third party solutions
5. Total Graph i aei 40200 a Bits Received bits I i ail uy 4 68 102 136 Figure 21 Web browsing Traffic Flow Profile Bits Transmitted E 170 204 eae tme secs 240 The traffic flow profile example given in Figure 20 above shows an efficient use of the channel and suggests that a Streaming IP channel where costs are determined by time would be the most cost effective data connection for this type of traffic On the other hand the traffic flow profile example given in Figure 21 above shows an inefficient use of the channel with many periods when no data is being sent or received Such a profile suggests that a Standard IP channel where a costs are determined by volume and not time online would be the most cost effective data connection It is only by analysing your traffic flow that you will be able to make an informed decision as to the most suitable and cost effective data connection for each of the applications you wish to use on your network 9 2 Least cost Routing Manual and Automatic Having created a traffic profile for each of your applications you are now in a position to decide which communications routing is the most cost effective for that application Such a decision will take into account not only the traffic profile but also the quality of service required the urgency of the traffic the charging basis whether charged by time or volume and the actual tariff charged
6. 103 2 SnMucUTed BVOWS NOS ae Ee En E ETEO 32 10 33 Web Browser Optimisations anisan 22 11 Operating System Optimisation sssseececcossssscececcosssssscceoccsssssccceeccsssssseceesssssss 53 11 1 Windows OS Optimisations eseesseeeeeessesssseeeerrsssssssseeersssssseererssssssseeeeees 53 PEs Luxos OptimiSations isneus a a aa 54 ILS MacOS OPUMISIUONS seresree a E A TET 55 12 How can you benefit from FleetBroadband eessssececccsseccccccsecceccssecceccsscceeeo 56 t21 Man me nd suy Trondsen EN 56 12 2 Ship Management Functions amp Responsibilities ceeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeees 56 12 3 Cost Effective Ship Operations sinees a a 57 t24 Crew Welfare and RetentOnc 2 t5sx icetecseiierssasdedadecnsediaxaioerteabtdinnaanitededeasedts 58 LAL EW CGS raa E E Maane note anos 58 12 4 2 Crew Email and Internet ACCeSS oessnnnnnnnenessssnneereesssssrseereesssssssseeeee 59 123 Reduced TUG COS ES sonra A T NA 59 L234 Weather ROUN isuciicocsiieie ii ie E 60 12 5 2 Engine Maintenance Preventative and Predictive cccccseececeeeee 60 12 6 Imaging and Video Applications eesssesssseeersssssssseceressssssssceeessssssseseeeos 60 12 6 1 Maritime Imaging and Video Applications ccccccccceeeeeecceeceseeeeneeees 60 12602 DGG PUOIOS sss casutearctvid Ena EE EE A 60 POS Vdeo CHGS ait sees nesDeiiriigeshdiee Peaster testi ae E Reese 60 204 Sore Ce Forward VideO cxsiteiccretesdeteiets s e ies isists cst cdetehds ere 61
7. 2 1 Overview FleetBroadband is a robust communications system that will provide reliable communications across the globe in all weather conditions However in order to get the best performance out of your system it is essential that the equipment both above decks and below decks is correctly installed A well thought out and designed installation will ensure consistently high data throughputs and minimise or even eliminate outages due to shadowing This section provides guidance on all aspects of the installation of the terminal on the vessel together with some best practice recommendations 3 2 2 Equipment location Ideally the antenna should be installed on the highest point of the vessel with a clear view of the sky in all directions and all possible steps should be taken to achieve this objective If it is not possible to mount the antenna with an unrestricted view of the sky then the antenna should be positioned so as to ensure minimum shadowing from the vessel superstructure such as funnels radar etc Such positioning should take into account the typical shipping routes used by the vessel and the azimuth and elevation required for communication under way with the appropriate satellite In circumstances when shadowing might occur it is useful and good practice to create a shadow area chart for use on the bridge showing at which azimuth shadowing may occur for each of the Inmarsat satellites to be used An example of a shadow
8. 7 1 DHCP Address allocation Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol DHCP automates the assignment of IP addresses subnet masks default gateway and other IP parameters When a DHCP configured client be it a computer or any other network aware device connects to a network the DHCP client sends a broadcast query requesting necessary information from a DHCP server The DHCP server manages a pool of IP addresses and information about client configuration parameters such as the default gateway the domain name the DNS servers other servers such as time servers and so forth Upon receipt of a valid request the server will assign the computer an IP address a lease the length of time for which the allocation is valid and other IP configuration parameters such as the subnet mask and the default gateway The query is typically initiated immediately after booting and must be completed before the client can initiate IP based communication with other hosts DHCP provides three modes for allocating IP addresses The best known mode is dynamic in which the client is provided a lease on an IP address for a period of time Depending on the stability of the network this could range from hours a wireless network at an airport to months for desktops in a wired lab At any time before the lease expires the DHCP client can request renewal of the lease on the current IP address A properly functioning client will use the renewal mechanism to maintain t
9. Manual connection but they do not retransmit packets The achieved data rate is therefore much closer to the desired connection rate 5 77 LaunchPad Web Interface and AT commands 5 7 1 LaunchPad LaunchPad shown below in Figure 14 is the interface and control application developed by Inmarsat for use with its range of broadband terminals including FleetBroadband LaunchPad provides the following features e Familiar and simple access for the full range of FleetBroadband terminals e Easy to use train and support same interface is used for all manufacturers and model types e Provides standardised diagnostic and status display for all manufacturers and model types e Provides SMS for multiple users e Clear status display e Incorporates TCP PEP Contacts Call Li Registered with network Ready for phone and text Select data to enable IP Data Figure 1 14 FleetBroadband LaunchPad Home Seren 5 7 2 Web Interface Some manufacturers provide a web based interface for the configuration and control of the FleetBroadband terminal such as that shown in Figure 15 below entitled Thrane amp Thrane FleetBroadband 500 Web based Interface Page 26 FleetBroadband Best Practices Manual Thrane amp hrane abimi LL ma AAAS PROPERTIES DAS TOTAL Pree Gita See preiei Farg Theda epo mi HIE AN Sr PRES TPL poder wtp iy ie Cee ae eee eee OE jE CLS Sia ETEN i urip pais ee BR ERIL SS Tae Vee ce Loe
10. PoP s Infrastructure QoS considerations such as e bandwidth Traceroute points or TTL values e latency and jitter Flexibility Choice of VAS Services e firewall and or security solutions e proprietary or optimised data communications solutions e billing systems access Integration Optimisation Middleware Gateway Support Speed and personalisation of support Consultancy and support SatCom IT and IP Integration and custom infrastructure access e IP Addressing e SMTP e web storage facilities portal access e market specific custom applications e unified messaging features Acceleration middleware Deployment and training VPN Implementation Virtual Private Networks VPN s are an integral component of most corporate networks and it would be only natural that one would wish to extend the reach of the corporate VPN offshore using the data networking capabilities of FleetBroadband Such an approach would be quite workable and most commercially available VPN implementations will operate seamlessly over FleetBroadband A large data overhead 20 40 is inherent in the implementation of a VPN but for a conventional terrestrial broadband network connection such overhead has little or no Page 17 FleetBroadband Best Practices Manual impact on either cost or performance However when using a mobile satellite based network connection this overhead can have an adverse effect on both cost and performance resulting in higher costs and reduced band
11. Project management Video Conferencing Figure 22 FleetBroadband Communications Hub All of these management functions will generate or require data without which they cannot function With the growing deployment of sophisticated IT networks and systems both onshore as well as onboard vessels the power and flexibility of the FleetBroadband services will be invaluable 12 3 common front end amp user interface for all terminals simultaneous voice background data and dedicated streaming data SMS choice of data services and choice of charging options high data rates on both Standard IP and Streaming IP simple installation reduced size weight downtime cost wide range of applications can be deployed No need for proprietary solutions although some may be desirable control and management benefits possible e g training maintenance Cost Effective Ship Operations The maximum benefit is achieved from FleetBroadband when it is used to implement solutions that actually optimise and reduce the overall cost of ship operations such as those shown in Figure 23 below entitled Typical Ship Operating Costs Page 57 FleetBroadband Best Practices Manual comm costs including satellite are less than 1 of total Optimisation Low overheads J ust in time Accuracy Quality Audit P amp l Engine Life Timely Repairs Scheduling Retention per Category Port Clearance Weather Routing Cargo mgmt Eng
12. Services 2 5 1 Direct Dial Voice Service FleetBroadband offers a direct dial voice telephony service using compression technology the AMBE 2 codec delivering voice encoded at 4kbps note that the 4kbps refers to the voice coding rate used by the AMBE 2 codec and should not be confused with VoIP This makes efficient use of satellite capacity whilst delivering good speech quality It is possible to make a circuit switched voice call whilst simultaneously using Standard and Streaming IP data services Features of the direct dial voice service are e Available on all FleetBroadband terminals e Landline quality speech voice encoded at 4kbps e To and from Terrestrial networks Mobile networks FleetBroadband terminal to FleetBroadband terminal e Can be used simultaneously with data e Supports supplementary value added services which are typically found on terrestrial networks such as Voicemail Caller ID Call Hold Call Waiting Call Forwarding Call Barring Short code Dialling Generic short codes supported on the FleetBroadband system are shown in Table 2 below Shortcode Access to a DP s directory enquiry system Access to a DP s ISP service Access to a DP s automatic loop back test system Table 2 FleetBroadband Generic Short codes 2 5 2 Voicemail Service FleetBroadband provides a voicemail facility which is comparable with that offered by most terrestrial mobile networks A subscriber s se
13. also exist for monitoring the volume and throughput of data transmitted to and from a PC Some examples that have been tested by Inmarsat are e DU Meter http www dumeter com e NetMeter http www hootech com NetMeter e IP Consultant http flyawaycase com news Packet data htm Please visit the relevant web sites for further information on the functionality available 9 4 Automatic Updates Although it is important to keep your computer up to date with Microsoft updates and virus definitions they are not always crucial or critical when you are out in the field However some of these updates run in the background without you knowing and reduce the bandwidth available for more important applications In addition as FleetBroadband network use is charged by volume over standard IP there are cost implications in how these updates are managed All vessel IT equipment will typically have been integrated configured updated with the latest software revisions and tested ashore prior to installation onboard Following installation onboard the vessel network should be configured so that only one computer downloads the updates which are then locally distributed to all other computers on the network Such a strategy will be most effectively implemented if all computers onboard use the same applications anti virus and anti spyware solutions Page 44 FleetBroadband Best Practices Manual To turn off Windows automatic updates e Right
14. and therefore not usually mobile friendly If such a system is to be used in conjunction with the FleetBroadband network it must be optimised usually by the supplier of the product to operate effectively in wireless mobile conditions in order to reduce overheads support high latency and implement effective crash recovery Other enterprise solutions optimised for the maritime environment are also available from specialist maritime providers such as e SpecTec www spectec net e Danaos www danaos com e Horizon Mobile Communications www horizon mobile com 5 Vessel Network Considerations 5 1 Typical Vessel Communications Network FleetBroadband is a flexible and versatile communications system capable of Page 18 FleetBroadband Best Practices Manual providing a cost effective communications platform for the wide range of devices and applications that are to be found on a modern ship today A typical vessel configuration might well look like the system shown below in Figure 12 Antenna CON Printer Below deck unit E_______ a a a Router Analog IP Handset FleetBroadband control handset PC Video Conferencing Digital Fax Figure 12 Typical Vessel Communications Network 5 2 Integration with existing communications infrastructure Consider what existing communications equipment and peripherals you wish to retain on board and why Some examples of applications
15. between vessel and shore office systems e Boom in Oil amp Gas e Trade with China SE Asia e Increased Regulations GMDSS Ship Security Alert LRIT e Piracy Terrorism Security e Shipyard boom So how can FleetBroadband help you to address these challenges 12 2 Ship Management Functions amp Responsibilities FleetBroadband is the communications hub for your onboard management systems as shown below in Figure 22 Page 56 FleetBroadband Best Practices Manual Crew Management Internet Caf News amp Entertainment Services VOIP GSM Pico Cell Medical Assistance Telemedicine Electronic Magazines Onboard Training Television IT Management Voyage Management Ship Performance Analysis Web Access for Voyage Management Safety amp Security Applications Electronic Charts Maritime Regulations Port Regulations Fish Catch Applications Technical Management Planned Maintenance Maintenance results Reporting Fleet Test Applications ome Remote Monitoring amp Maintenance Improved efficiency of Applications Web Access for Technical Management B road ba nd Centralized Database Remote IT Monitoring amp Maintenance Conform complement Shore I F Office Management Email WebMail FTP VPN Access Remote Video Surveillance Cargo Management Integration with logic systems of Charter Cargo customers Cargo Tracking Cargo Status and Condition Just in Time Database Syncronisation Collaboration
16. connections by default It should be noted that some web servers are configured to prevent browsers using more than two TCP connections and so it may not always be possible to take advantage of Opera s four TCP connections Firefox does not use pipelining by default but can be configured to do so using the instructions outlined below Inmarsat tests found that pipelining improved the performance of Firefox but did not make it as fast as Opera Internet Explorer does not use pipelining Enabling Mozilla Firefox Pipelining To enable Mozilla Firefox pipelining e Start up Firefox e Type about config into the address bar and press enter You will see a page of configuration settings e Change the following Set network http pipelining to true Set network http proxy pipelining to true Set network http pipelining maxrequests to 8 Optimising Internet Explorer for MAC To optimize Internet Explorer for MAC select Preferences gt Advanced and change the following e Check the Support Multiple Connections check box e Check the Show Server Messages check box e Set Max Connections to 4 11 Operating System Optimisation 11 1 Windows OS Optimisations The following applications are generally configured to connect to the Internet e Windows Updates e Messengers MSN messenger Yahoo Skype Googletalk etc e Media Players e Virus checker and others e g spyware guards firewalls etc To minimise the network usage
17. from the server Send plain text messages only If you use bold underline and non standard fonts more data is used than plain text Do not include signatures Signatures impose an extra overhead Send messages together This allows email to queue which reduces the number of SMTP connections needed to send messages Check for mail manually or set the automatic check function to check every few hours Checking for email only when necessary can reduce costs Do not enable read receipts Read receipts are designed to allow the sender of the message to be notified when the recipient has opened the message This generates extra traffic Read receipts are disabled in Eudora by default Page 49 FleetBroadband Best Practices Manual 10 4 5 Optimising Mozilla Thunderbird The Thunderbird client is an open source equivalent to Outlook Express Exactly the same modifications can be carried out to ensure that this client works optimally over FleetBroadband e Switch off Check for mail every x minutes or set the value to several hours Checking for mail when there isn t any generates around 6KBytes of traffic By checking for email only when necessary you can reduce costs e Switch off Send and Receive messages at start up This allows queuing or sending of batches of mail e Send plain text messages only If you use bold underline and non standard fonts more data is used than plain text e Unless you want your messages available offline dis
18. include those from e Stratos Amos Connect www stratosglobal com e SkyFile Vizada www vizada com e Fly Carrier Victoria MVS www mvsusa com e Becker Marine UMC www umcglobal net e Virtek www virtek no e Satmail www kddi com 12 5 Reduced fuel costs Optimal routing and effective engine maintenance can help reduce fuel costs significantly through the implementation of state of the art solutions Page 59 FleetBroadband Best Practices Manual 12 5 1 Weather Routing Weather information and chart plotting systems will benefit from the large bandwidth and lower costs per megabyte provided by FleetBroadband This will enable vessels to receive data that 1s e Higher resolution e Greater coverage area e Longer forecasts e More frequent Examples of such systems include those from e ABS Nautical Systems www abs ns com e Jeppesen C MAP www c map no e Transas Marine www transas com e Chartco www chartco com e Meteo Consult www meteoconsult fr 12 5 2 Engine Maintenance Preventative and Predictive Engine maintenance solutions that will benefit from FleetBroadband include those from e Front line Communicator Audisoft www audisoft net e Sperry Marine www sperrymarine northropgrumman com e Wartsila www wartsila com e MAN www manbw com 12 6 Imaging and Video Applications 12 6 1 Maritime Imaging and Video Applications The bandwidth provided by FleetBroadband means that many imaging and video based applications can no
19. of these carry out the following steps Disable Messengers For example using MSN messenger you should e Open MSN Messenger and select Options from the Tools menu e On the General tab uncheck Automatically run and uncheck Allow automatic sign on There will be something similar with all the other messenger clients look for preferences options or settings Page 53 FleetBroadband Best Practices Manual Disable Media Player update checking For example using Windows Media player you should e Open Windows Media Player and select Tools gt Options gt Player from the main menu e Disable Download codecs automatically and select the option to check for updates once a month NOTE Windows Media Player only checks for updates if it is running and it does not run by default Optimize your virus checker Most computers come pre configured with a virus checker which updates on a regular basis It is important to keep your virus checker updated but sometimes a good idea to control exactly when this happens Inmarsat recommends the following Start your virus checker configuration application and find the preferences section that allows you to control when regular updates happen Modify as required Should a number of users be connected to a single FleetBroadband terminal configure one PC to collect virus updates Configure other PCs to use that PC for their updates rather than connecting to the remote update server themselves O
20. of these connections is affected by the TCP slow start algorithm In addition if a web page is downloaded and reading it takes more than a couple of minutes the terminal will switch into quiescent mode and so the request for the next page will be affected by the resource management algorithm Most browsers and servers now support HTTP 1 1 which allows for multiple requests to be sent as part of the same connection However some browsers do not make best use of this feature More can be found on configuring browsers later in this document Page 33 FleetBroadband Best Practices Manual 6 6 TCP Accelerator TCP PEP 6 6 1 About TCP Accelerator TCP Accelerator also known as TCP PEP is a free software which has been tested and proven to improve the performance of TCP applications over the FleetBroadband network TCP Accelerator boosts the upload speed of all TCP traffic by up to 300 depending on file size with an average increase across all applications of 40 80 TCP Accelerator is of particular benefit to activities which send short bursts of data over the network such as Internet browsing and email The adjustments made by TCP Accelerator include e Modifying TCP window settings by changing the window size to allow a larger amount of data to be carried at any point in time over the network e Optimising the MTU size for the FleetBroadband network e Negating TCP slow start behaviour further deteriorated by the round trip
21. one PC to collect virus updates Configure other PCs to use that PC for their updates rather than connecting to the remote update server themselves Other optimisations Go through your start up menu and prevent any applications that are not required from starting automatically Items on this menu will start when you start your Operating system Removing the application from this menu does not delete the application you can start it manually when required Go through the icons in your system tray and configure applications that are not required to not start on start up and not automatically check for updates Linux tends to clear out its temporary folders on restart and doesn t have a registry in the same way as windows so there is little need for cleaner programs like ccleaner www ccleaner com 11 3 Mac OS Optimisations Mac OSX is UNIX based so knowledge of UNIX or Linux systems can help when optimising MAC for use over FleetBroadband The default TCP parameters for Mac OSX operate successfully over the FleetBroadband network You can make modifications to these settings by adding values to the file etc sysctl conf and the performing a reboot kern ipc maxsockbuf lt num bytes gt The maximum TCP buffer size net inet tcp sendspace lt num bytes gt The send buffer Page 55 FleetBroadband Best Practices Manual net inet tcp recvspace lt num bytes gt The receive buffer Application Optimisation Ensure that only the require
22. or peripherals that you may wish or need to connect to your FleetBroadband terminal are e Handsets Analogue Cordless DECT ISDN e Wireless WiFi network e VoIP Peripherals USB WiFi Phones e Audio Conference systems e LAN WAN Devices Routers Hubs Switches Wireless Access Points e JP Network Cameras Remote Surveillance e Off the Shelf Video Scotty motion Media Polycomm Sony IP e Legacy ISDN devices How do you propose to integrate existing communications equipment with your FleetBroadband and how will you determine which communications system to use and in what circumstances Consider an optimal cost routing system or automatic or manual switch Some third party routing solutions are available from your DP or SP or from specialist providers such as e Becker Marine UMC e Dualog e Livewire Selector Switch e Virtek 5 3 Integration of other subsystems on board Nowadays many onboard systems are data network enabled and can be connected to the onboard LAN Such connectivity when used in conjunction with FleetBroadband will permit remote monitoring of onboard systems such as Page 19 FleetBroadband Best Practices Manual e Water Filtration Systems e Refrigeration Systems e Engine Telemetry Sensors e Condition based Sensors systems e Preventative Predictive Maintenance Systems e Weather Sensors Receive Sending e Container Loading Unloading Monitoring Sensors e Container Cargo Monitoring or Track
23. provides an on demand range of services to suit all on board applications The system uses proven technology and the terminal is quick and easy to install and operate And unlike previous generations of Inmarsat terminals services can be accessed and used simultaneously 4kbps circuit switched service Voicemail Enhanced services call waiting forwarding barring holding Broadcast quality voice High Speed Standard IP NOT MPDS Data Variable bit rate service Shared amp Best Standard IP eet Up to 482 432 kbps send receive e On demand guaranteed bit rate service Data e 32 64 128 256 kbps send amp receive Streaming IP ISDN legacy compatibility Send and receive text messages via your Global Text laptop Figure 3 Inmarsat FleetBroadband Services 2 4 One Device Two Domains Three Data Networks FleetBroadband supports two modes of data connection circuit switched and packet switched IP data And within the packet switched IP domain two service levels exist Standard IP contended best efforts and Streaming IP guaranteed QoS So FleetBroadband provides a total of three types of data connections as illustrated in Figure 4 below which means that you can select the data connection that is most suited to your needs and carries your traffic in the most cost effective manner Page 3 FleetBroadband Best Practices Manual iil UNM UN J W y Figure
24. system 8 6 Operational procedures Explicit operational procedures must be documented in line with corporate IT network usage policies The correct operation of equipment PCs and applications is particularly important in the maritime environment when one considers the frequent changeovers of captains and crew and the varying levels of IT skills and training onboard see also Section 8 1 above entitled Training and Handover 8 7 Access control 8 7 1 User levels Implement appropriate levels of security on PCs and networks differentiating between user and administrative rights 8 7 2 Web access rules Control of basic web browsing with multi user access on board is the single biggest challenge for network administrators We suggest that random browsing access cyber cafe style is never allowed without the implementation of the web browsing optimisations discussed in Section 10 5 below 8 7 3 Pre emption in case of emergencies Consideration should be given to the implementation of pre emptive procedures and over rides for instances when the Captain or watch keeping officer requires urgent access to communications in case of an emergency Such pre emption could be implemented procedurally or by means of an electrical over ride installed on the bridge 8 7 4 BIOS and Desktop Locks Individual computers can be protected from unauthorised access and use by the use of BIOS and desk top locks BIOS passwords can add an extra layer o
25. the following command to see which applications are starting automatically chkconfig list Page 54 FleetBroadband Best Practices Manual Pay particular attention to any auto update routines as these may download significant amounts of data These include applications such as RNH RedHat Network and up2date The following applications are generally configured to connect to the Internet e Messengers MSN messenger Yahoo Skype Googletalk etc e Media Players e Virus checker and others e g spyware guards firewalls etc To minimise the network usage of these carry out the following steps Disable Messengers For example using MSN messenger you should e Open MSN Messenger and select Options from the Tools menu e On the General tab uncheck Automatically run and uncheck Allow automatic sign on There will be something similar with all the other messenger clients look for preferences options or settings Optimise your virus checker Most computers come pre configured with a virus checker which updates on a regular basis It is important to keep your virus checker updated but sometimes a good idea to control exactly when this happens Inmarsat recommends the following e Start your virus checker configuration application and find the preferences section that allows you to control when regular updates happen Modify as required e Should a number of users be connected to a single FleetBroadband terminal configure
26. the terminal or a router if multiple users are to be connected to the terminal s LAN interface If the terminal is connected to a router the router can then allocate private IP addresses to connected devices from its own pool of IP addresses The following diagram illustrates how multiple private IP addresses allocated by the router correspond to one public IP address If multiple users are connected to the Ethernet interface over a router only one user can request a Standard IP connection Inmarstat 4 satellite jm Private IP address from Router ee Public IP address Public IP address T Router Multi user UMTS BGAN network Private IP address from Router Private IP address from Router Page 36 FleetBroadband Best Practices Manual 7 44 Port Forwarding Port forwarding is carried out so that an external user can connect to a server that is located on your network behind your router or firewall Examples of servers requiring port forwarding are web servers FTP servers SMTP servers computers running telnet etc Every device on a network has an IP address and every IP address has several ports so that a single IP address can be used by multiple applications to send and receive data at the same time When a network device sends data to another network device it sends it from a port on one IP address to a port on another IP address A port can only be used by one application at a time When an external network u
27. time between the terminal satellite and ground segment 6 6 2 TCP Accelerator Solutions There are three types of TCP Accelerator solutions available from Inmarsat for use over the FleetBroadband network These are TCP Accelerator Client A client application which is installed in the terminal or the attached server The client application optimises the flow of data in the reverse direction from the FleetBroadband terminal to the satellite through to the ground station TCP Accelerator Network A server based application for non VPN users This is installed in the FleetBroadband network and together with TCP Accelerator client enhances performance in the receive download direction TCP Accelerator VPN Enterprise A server based application for VPN users This is installed within the Enterprise site and together with TCP Accelerator Client enhances performance in the receive download direction J is 3 SS ig oY a 1A 3 Chem Lagehops running TEF alaini Network TCP Publle Website Company HQ etc Anoman Accelerator arn TCP Accelerator Data Directii ri Figure 18 TCP Accelerator for FleetBroadband Page 34 FleetBroadband Best Practices Manual The client application can be downloaded and installed on Windows and MAC operating systems from http www inmarsat com support click on FleetBroadband then click on TCP Accelerator 7 Connecting Peripheral Devices to the FleetBroadband Terminal
28. to maximise performance 5 6 1 About TCP IP TCP Transmission Control Protocol is used for normal Internet traffic and applications such as web browsers FTP and so on where data delivery must be guaranteed TCP IP requires packet re transmission that is the re sending of dropped or lost packets to ensure that all data is transmitted Packet re transmission is a standard feature on all networks running applications over TCP IP One result of this is the reduction in perceived IP throughput rates as the protocol waits for the re transmission of dropped or lost packets In addition TCP IP applications throttle their rate of packet transmission based on the capacity of the link For these reasons TCP is best suited to an IP connection optimised for packet re transmission and ideally with as large a capacity possible Recommendation Inmarsat recommends the use of a Standard IP connection with data rates of up to 432kbps for TCP based applications such as email and FTP The characteristics of TCP IP traffic are not as well suited to the Streaming IP connections available on the FleetBroadband Network Each Streaming IP connection is a dedicated connection designed for a single IP packet stream at a fixed rate of throughput up to 256kbps A Streaming IP connection is better suited to time critical applications where rapid transmission of data is more important than dropped or lost packets Such applications are also better suited to the
29. to reduce Page 47 FleetBroadband Best Practices Manual traffic e Ensure that messages are sent as text rather than as HTML to reduce message size An HTML message can be up to twice the size of a text message e Disable signatures to reduce message size e Disable read receipts to reduce traffic e Compress attachments to reduce message size Also consider converting attachments to text files to reduce message size e Enable connection selection on start up e Enable offline use so that message delivery is a controlled activity rather than taking place as a background activity 10 4 2 Optimising email clients Some Distribution Partners provide dedicated email facilities which are configured to work more effectively over a satellite link and therefore improve on those provided by a conventional terrestrial ISP In addition as the DP hosts the mail service traffic can bypass the Internet thus providing extra resilience and performance improvements General principles Inmarsat recommends that you use a Standard IP data connection for email The Standard IP data connection opens by default when you register with the network and is sufficient for most email requirements Compression The most cost effective way to send large attachments over a packet network that is billed by volume or time is to compress the file with a standard utility such as e WINZIPTM available from http www winzip com or e WinRAR available f
30. where the captain can use it to navigate to the closest and potentially most plentiful fishing areas 12 8 2 Catsat www catsat com Catsat uses ocean observing satellites and marine meteorology to help fishermen to Page 61 FleetBroadband Best Practices Manual e locate favourable fishing grounds e reduce operating costs e improve safety during fishing operations e meet their quotas more efficiently 12 8 3 PEFA www pefa com Pefa is Europe s largest marketplace for fresh fish Using an Internet based sales system buyers can purchase fish directly from 12 member auctions in Sweden Denmark the Netherlands Belgium and Italy Fishermen can profit from an online multi lingual database of market information and statistics on price and demand for different types of fish across Europe 12 8 4 Maxsea Www maxsea com MaxSea provides a package of AIS and ARPA target tracking routing and performance modules 2D 3D displays and bathymetrics for use by commercial fishermen 12 8 5 Traceall www traceall co uk Traceall provides tracking and monitoring solutions for high value products including fish which to enable a supplier to remotely monitor and protect the integrity of their supply chain by delivering continual real time visibility of the environment 12 8 6 Tracefish www tracefish org TraceFish was the short title for the Traceability of Fish Products concerted action project which ran from 2000 2002 co ordinated by the Norw
31. with small files Further information on the use of TCP Accelerator is given below in Section 6 6 entitled TCP Accelerator TCP PEP Page 32 FleetBroadband Best Practices Manual Throughput v s Filesize Kbps File Size Figure 17 TCP Slow Start 6 5 2 FTP Slow Start FTP is generally used for transferring large amounts of data When an FIP file transfer is initiated the first action is to connect to the FTP server A TCP handshake then takes place after which a number of FTP commands are sent back and forth followed finally by the data The FTP data stream will progressively ramp up until the full bandwidth of the connection is used This will continue until the data transfer is completed or packet loss occurs 6 5 3 HTTP Web Browsing Slow Start Web browsing can be affected by a combination of slow start and the FleetBroadband resource management When downloading a web page a web browser will typically make a number of connections to the server each connection downloading a part of the page each image or frame could be downloaded in a separate connection for instance Multiple small connections have an overhead in that the connection has to be set up before data can be sent and received and then the connection dropped To download a 2KB image which would require 2 data packets requires an additional 5 packets in overhead for setting up and dropping the connection Each
32. 03 15 12 04 UTC The handshake is complete INFO O8 12 03 15 12 04 UTC LanSocket sendData aTEO INFO O8 12 03 15 12 05 UTC ResponseProcessor updateResponse reqisteredCommand ATEO INFO O8 12 03 15 12 05 UTC ResponseProcessor updateResponse Responsedrrived aTEo OE INFO O8 12 03 15 12 05 UTC LanSocket sendDatal AT CGMI ERROR 06 12 03 15 12 05 UTC ResponseProcessor updateResponse unsolic outer loopThrane amp Thrane INFO O8 12 03 15 12 05 UTC ResponseProcessor updateResponse registeredCommand CGHI Figure 19 FleetBroadband Log Display 4 Useful IP tools Ensure that you are familiar with the various tools and optimisations recommended for use with IP networks in particular those recommended by Inmarsat for use with satellite communications such as e NetMeter DU Meter e TCP PEP e Dr TCP e PConfig 8 5 Standby PC and Ghost Images Section 8 2 above discussed the steps you should take to provide effective IT support to remote users However from time to time there will be IT failures often but not always hardware related that just cannot be resolved remotely In case of such failures it is good practice to have on board one or both of a hot swappable PC configured for use with the onboard system and a back up removable disk containing Page 40 FleetBroadband Best Practices Manual an exact image of the system set up using software such as Symantec Ghost that can be used to re install the
33. 120 7 Video Seanin area tisiehen a ena tases 61 12 0 0 MVid O CONJCLENCING sedecshavistascieni Scinswisus Seiad excbardesenageocd sea tiesseaseitanedenatens 61 12 7 Ship Management Applications xccncncren ci ewieesedsed eativeceaen eu haniaaenien 61 12S Fishing Applications secsec 6l I2 ed GOCE a A E TES 61 IS CaA eysa E acess De rectacae ised osesatdec sissies igentsets 61 1V 12 8 3 12 8 4 12 8 5 12 8 6 FleetBroadband Best Practices Manual P asaya E E he aces ots A EA 62 MA Coa a esata ea eee 62 DTCC EEEIEI E EEI TAE E NEIT E E S A NET 62 TACS S EEEE EET ee 62 FleetBroadband Best Practices Manual 1 Introduction 1 1 Purpose of document This document has been written for owners managers and crews of vessels equipped with or about to be equipped with the Inmarsat FleetBroadband system It is intended to provide guidance and best practice recommendations on key elements of the deployment integration and use of the FleetBroadband system to ensure that the maximum benefits are realised from the system in the most cost effective manner Many of the recommendations contained herein are based on actual experience and lessons learned from the FleetBroadband Maritime Field Evaluation trials recently carried out by Inmarsat on ten FleetBroadband equipped vessels worldwide 1 2 Audience Marine superintendents IT deployment managers and Distribution Partner and Service Provider channel sales executives 2 FleetBroadband Ov
34. 25 100 metres depending on the antenna cable used Some typical cable runs are shown below in Table 4 L max 25 m 50 m 100 m RG 50 100 m Table 4 Typical Antenna BDE Cable Runs This table is provided for guidance only you should consult the manufacturers installation manual for specific guidance on the actual cable type and length for use with your particular terminal Page 13 FleetBroadband Best Practices Manual 3 2 5 IP Network Cabling WiFi and Voice Fax Data Port Locations You should consider where the FleetBroadband Below Decks Equipment BDE is going to be installed and the location of the devices telephone handsets fax machine routers PCs etc that are going to be connected to it You should also note that if you are installing a wireless LAN to work with your FleetBroadband system the signal from a wireless LAN will not penetrate the steel bulkheads on a modern ship If wireless connectivity is desired provision needs to be made for the installation of a wireless repeater in each cabin or accommodation area Additionally if required the use of high quality Cat 5 or Cat 6 cabling is recommended ensuring that the cable has appropriate flexibility and shielding 3 2 6 Power FleetBroadband has no special power requirements beyond what is normally available on a ship Power is delivered in a single cable together with the RF from the BDE to the antenna Typical BDE power requirements are 12 32 v
35. 256kbps streaming Streaming IP is optimised for use with UDP applications such as video and audio The Streaming IP Quality of Service QoS is consistent and guaranteed However the observed throughput may be slower than the rate selected because of application overheads such as the packet header size etc In addition any interconnect with terrestrial networks may impact the throughput Refer to your FleetBroadband Service Provider for details on how you are charged for a Streaming IP connection 5 5 3 Dedicated Streaming IP A dedicated Streaming IP connection enables the creation of multiple connections each of which can be dedicated to selected individual applications that need to run simultaneously By using port forwarding see Section 7 4 below it is possible to route these dedicated connections to multiple devices on the network as well as multiple physical locations In the example shown in the diagram below a Standard IP connection is open and is being shared by terminal users for IP data applications such as Internet and e mail services In addition two dedicated Streaming IP sessions are open the first at 32kbps is being used exclusively for an audio streaming application and the second at 128kbps is being used exclusively for a video streaming application You must assign a dedicated Streaming IP connection to a specific application such as Windows Media real time video un optimised enterprise solutio
36. 4 One Device Two Domains Three Data Networks 2 4 1 Standard IP Data The Standard IP data service provides up to 432kbps maximum data rate will vary depending upon the type of terminal used on a contended best efforts basis There are no guarantees associated with this service If the link is busy with many active users then the observed bit rate will be lower than if the link is quiet with little traffic see Section 2 7 below entitled FleetBroadband Dynamic Network Management for further details Standard IP is best suited to most typical office applications such as Internet browsing e mail FTP and also numerous maritime applications such as electronic charts weather updates engine monitoring and many more This is the type of connection that will be used most of the time and for most applications 2 4 2 Streaming IP Data In addition to Standard IP for customers who require a guaranteed bandwidth and hence un contended connection one or more dedicated Streaming IP connections can be also be supported Streaming IP provides an on demand guaranteed Quality of Service connection at any one of 32 64 128 or 256 kbps The capacity is not offered to other users and effectively delivers reserved capacity for a specific IP connection see Section 7 5 1 below entitled About PDP contexts for more information Streaming IP is available on demand and on a first come first served basis If the channel requested is u
37. Dt Enp meds eed i aR TEAT asd pra mamis CL Siendard data FL i m HP Leet a Deter rere LES hud 5 inp gemarg 1 tbe os DD a bt ENT AAF Liia jP iiai LARET EE Cinika bi ibia tek ref raara BL bt aS Bat T brams LEF bbg RAE HEZ ptdeaae e r Ensari She kigu HETEL riara AE Thehr EGOI DATA m sijia DLDR CALLE Chin lee Diii sea Cie pes aij Pigs iii gm LA LEa i ji arising sl bira oe Les EJE NE We AP Bre Tal eee ee N a Figure 15 Thrane amp Thrane FleetBroadband 500 Web based Interface 5 7 3 AT Commands FleetBroadband terminals can also be configured and controlled using AT commands via Telnet AT commands are executed from a DOS command prompt and sessions are initiated using the telnet command to connect to the terminal DHPC settings for each of the currently available terminals are shown below in Table 6 5454 Table 6 AT Command Interface ATEI Switch on Local Echo of text AT CGMR Check terminal for firmware version AT_IGPS Determine if GPS has been set AT CGDCONT Check the IP connection parameters and Public IP address returned Some typical FleetBroadband AT commands are shown in Table 7 below Sie AT CGDCONT 11 IP Set the IP connection parameters FleetBroadband inmarsat com AT CGACT 1 11 Start the IP connection setup above AT CGPADDR 11 Check what your Public IP Address is AT CGEQREQ 1 1 256 256 256 25 Set the QoS parameters for a Streaming IP 6 1500 E30 E40 connection T
38. E z miga Class 9 Low Gain Class 9 Low Gain Gain Radome View as per F55 mini M Antenna G T at 7 dB K 15 dB K 15 dB K elevation Antenna EIRP 22 dBW 15 1 dBW 15 1 dBW Directional 3 axis Directional 3 axis stabilised stabilised Antenna target weight 15 20 kg 3 5kg Voice Simultaneous sith dati Akbps Akbps n Contended Standard IP Tx Rx kbps shared best Up to 432 432 kbps Up to 239 284 kbps Up to 150 kbps efforts I P Streaming Mode Guaranteed 32 64 128 amp 256 32 64 128 None Throughput kbps 5 JRC confirmed F77 JRC confirmed F33 RJ11 Ethernet RJ11 Ethernet RJ45 ISDN L RJ45 ISDN L RJ11 Ethernet band RF band RF Table 3 Summary of FleetBroadband Terminal Features Antenna type Physical Interfaces Ports gt Please confirm availability with manufacturer Page 8 FleetBroadband Best Practices Manual 2 7 FleetBroadband Dynamic Network Management FleetBroadband Standard IP data is a variable bit rate service provided on a shared or contended channel and operating up to 432kbps FleetBroadband 500 in each direction on a best efforts basis Inmarsat manages this service by dynamically allocating satellite resources to the Standard IP data service to ensure that users experience the best possible performance Factors taken into account in managing this service include e Total volume of traffic and not just the activity in the channel e Number of users in the spot b
39. FleetBroadband terminal is treated as if it were a router on that LAN Computers may also be connected to a local LAN with its own router that is in turn connected to the terminal Devices on a LAN generate traffic which can inadvertently and unnecessarily be sent through the router terminal This traffic consists mainly of broadcast messages and multicast frames which are searching for resources such as printers or shared drives Microsoft Windows networks typically generate traffic of this type Unwanted traffic can be defined as any traffic other than that which is important Typical examples of traffic that fits this category are e Network broadcasts from applications looking for network devices such as printers e Status updates from applications e Windows Server Message Block SMB traffic By default Windows generates a lot of SMB traffic which can result in poor file server performance However some of this traffic is superfluous and can be reduced 9 7 2 Polling update checks In most cases Inmarsat recommends that you configure the router to disable this traffic Sometimes the traffic is required because the remote LAN is part of a larger LAN using the satellite link as a bridge In this case some routers can be configured to allow this sort of traffic but not allow the traffic to initiate the link that is the traffic is allowed only when the link has been established Alternatively spoofing techniques can be implemente
40. P inmarsat FleetBroadband Best Practices Manual Version 1 0 January 2009 inmarsat com Ttleetoroadband Whilst the information has been prepared by Inmarsat in good faith and all reasonable efforts have been made to ensure its accuracy Inmarsat makes no warranty or representation as to the accuracy completeness or fitness for purpose or use of the information Inmarsat shall not be liable for any loss or damage of any kind including indirect or consequential loss arising from use of the information and all warranties and conditions whether express or implied by statute common law or otherwise are hereby excluded to the extent permitted by English law INMARSAT is a trademark of the International Mobile Satellite Organisation Inmarsat LOGO is a trademark of Inmarsat IP Company Limited Both trademarks are licensed to Inmarsat Global Limited Inmarsat Global Limited 2008 All rights reserved The mobile satellite company FleetBroadband Best Practices Manual Contents We DMPO CU CEIOM senin EEES 1 1 1 PUPPOSE OF docume eissien a a l 1 2 AJI CHCE eeens a l 2 FEleetBroadband Overview s cecsccscccccccscececccsceccoccsceceososceccocccccececsceccososceseessesceee 1 PAN FleetBroadband In orbit Infrastructure 0 00 00 cccesecccccsseecccceeeecceeaeeeceeeaees 2 2 FleetBroadband Terrestrial Infrastructure 000enesseenesseenesseeessseerssseersssee 2 PAA Satellite Access Stations CSAS scsvissserssysncisasaavessus
41. P data connection dedicated to a particular application the FleetBroadband terminal opens a secondary PDP context specifically for this connection as shown below Two Dedicated Streaming IP data connections Primary PDP Context PC FleetBroadband Standard IP or UMTS BGAN Terminal streaming IP connection network A secondary context is always associated with the primary PDP context open on the interface and shares the APN and IP address with the primary context However the secondary PDP context can have a different QoS from that of the primary PDP context Each terminal has a different method of managing PDP contexts and supports different combinations of primary and secondary PDP contexts 7 5 3 About FleetBroadband Network IP addressing When your FleetBroadband terminal connects to the FleetBroadband network it is assigned a IP address by your FleetBroadband Service Provider This is the public facing IP address This IP address can be public or private and static or dynamic Dynamic configuration is carried out automatically You need a public static IP address over FleetBroadband in the following situations Page 38 FleetBroadband Best Practices Manual e when running web servers mail servers or FIP servers behind the FleetBroadband terminal in a remote office or small office home office SOHO deployment e when operating certain sophisticated SCADA unattended devices e when operating certain VPNs that require a
42. SDN and Standard IP sessions but not simultaneous ISDN and Streaming IP sessions As with Inmarsat Fleet ISDN two terminals may be bonded together to deliver 128kbps 3 1kHz Audio In order to support legacy modem and facsimile users FleetBroadband provides PCM coded 3 1kHz audio via a 64kbps transparent bearer This service can be used to make and receive legacy modem facsimile and speech calls requiring PCM coding to and from the terrestrial PSTN or ISDN and also supports encrypted voice such as STU II The 3 1kHz audio service is provided at the terminal typically via either an RJ 11 analogue telephone connector or RJ 45 ISDN connector where supported The propagation delay associated with satellite communications has been known to impair the performance of older fax machines but modern Group 4 machines tend to perform very well on a satellite circuit Not all circuit switched data services are supported by all FleetBroadband terminal types Table 1 below entitled FleetBroadband Circuit Switched Data Services by Terminal Type summarises the different circuit switched data services available on the different FleetBroadband types Tem Da ooo amio FleetBroadband 500 x C a a S D Table 1 FleetBroadband Circuit Switched Data Services by Terminal Type Class 8 only Service not supported below 20 degrees elevation on Class 9 FB 150 and FB250 Page 5 FleetBroadband Best Practices Manual 2 5 Voice and Messaging
43. UDP protocol Should you decide to use TCP IP applications over an IP Streaming data connection you may experience the following e In the from vessel direction a typical 10 15 reduction in throughput due to network signalling and application overheads plus a further 10 15 reduction based on TCP packet retransmission The achieved IP throughput could therefore be up to 30 less than the desired streaming rate e In the to vessel direction the affect on performance could be the same as the from vessel direction In addition there is the risk of further dropped packets should data burst at a rate higher than the capacity of the connection In this scenario packets are repeatedly lost and _ re transmitted until the FleetBroadband link has the capacity to forward them to their destination This may cause a further 10 reduction in throughput 5 6 2 About UDP IP UDP User Datagram Protocol is used for applications such as video streaming or audio streaming where lost packets don t need to be retransmitted and speed takes precedence Unlike TCP IP any dropped or lost packets are ignored and compensated for or replaced by the application This application intelligence optimises transmission speed and is particularly effective on non contended connections such as Streaming IP connections on the FleetBroadband network UDP applications throttle their transmission rate according to the capacity of the Page 25 FleetBroadband Best Practices
44. able 7 Typical FleetBroadband AT Commands Page 27 FleetBroadband Best Practices Manual 5 8 Traffic Flow Template TFT Traffic Flow Templates are used whenever multiple dedicated Streaming IP connections are required A Traffic Flow Template TFT is a series of up to eight filters that allows traffic that matches the filters to be routed on a particular PDP context and given a different QoS to traffic on other PDP contexts When incoming data arrives at the terminal a packet classifier makes a PDP context selection based on the TFT and maps the incoming data packets to the correct PDP context with specified QoS attributes In this way multiple PDP contexts called secondary PDP contexts can be associated with the same PDP address as defined by the primary PDP context A number of TFT s are supplied with FleetBroadband LaunchPad Users can modify these for their own applications for example videoconferencing or VoIP Please refer to the Using TFT s on FleetBroadband guide available from the Inmarsat support website 5 9 Security Settings and Related Value Added Services 5 9 1 Firewall It is strongly advised that a firewall is installed between the FleetBroadband terminal and the vessel network to prevent unauthorised access to the vessel network Some Distribution Partners provide firewall solutions that are optimised for use with FleetBroadband such as Trench from Stratos 5 9 2 Proxy Server A proxy server is a networ
45. able offline downloads Uncheck the Make the messages and When I create new check boxes e Disable some of the advanced options for extra bandwidth savings Uncheck Block loading of remote images and disable the return receipts option 10 4 6 Using specialised email solutions There are several companies that provide email services or middleware specifically for wireless networks Middleware is a term used for software that provides a link or bridge between two applications or environments Rather than develop complete messaging hub solutions for satellite systems some specialist companies have developed components that integrate with the popular corporate systems These solutions allow closer integration with existing corporate messaging systems whilst still providing features that benefit the remote user On a per email basis it is actually far more cost effective to check your email through the many optimised solutions on offer from Distribution Partners or middleware providers such as e Stratos Amos Connect www stratosglobal com e SkyFile Vizada www vizada com e Fly Carrier Victoria MVS www mvsusa com e Becker Marine UMC www umcglobal net e Virtek www virtek no e Satmail www kddi com It is also possible to purchase hubs that can be sited at corporate headquarters in order to provide access for remote users directly into corporate systems rather than routing through a third party These solutions variously offer so
46. address assignment must be overridden and a local static IP address manually assigned Page 35 FleetBroadband Best Practices Manual 7 2 Network Address Translation NAT Mode In NAT mode the DHPC server in the terminal dynamically allocates IP addresses to the connected devices Alternatively you can manually configure the IP addresses using your operating system s administrative tools When using NAT mode in order for shore to ship initiated connections to successfully work port forwarding must be enabled and configured on the FleetBroadband terminal see Section 7 4 below entitled Port Forwarding If multiple users are connected to the Ethernet interface the terminal allocates a private IP address to each device connected to it from its pool of private IP addresses The following diagram illustrates how multiple private IP addresses allocated by the terminal correspond to one public IP address on the network In this mode each user shares the same Standard or Streaming IP connection Inmarstat 4 satellite g 172 168 0 x l 192 168 0 1 Public IP address TI 192 168 0 y Hub 192 168 0 2 Plulti user UMTS BGAN network 7 3 Modem Mode In Modem mode the terminal does not allocate IP addresses to the connected devices A single public IP address is allocated by your FleetBroadband Service Provider to the device connected to the FleetBroadband terminal which may be a computer if a single user is connected to
47. area chart is given below in Figure 9 which shows that for this particular installation shadowing will occur at azimuths of 120 122 and 187 196 If shadowing is a major problem then consideration should be given to the installation of two antennas one either side of the superstructure and the provision of a selector switch manual or automatic to select the antenna with the clearest view of the satellite Page 12 FleetBroadband Best Practices Manual Figure 9 Example Shadow Area Chart 3 2 3 Hotworks Hotworks can usually be carried out by the crew in advance of the installation of the antenna itself Such works will include fabrication and mounting of the antenna pedestal taking into account the shadowing factors described above in Section 3 2 1 and possibly through deck penetrations for the antenna cabling The completion of this preparatory work by the crew will ensure that the work is carried out in accordance with the shipping company practices and that the subsequent equipment installation is carried out in the shortest possible time 3 2 4 Antenna Cabling The FleetBroadband antenna uses a single cable which carries both the power for the antenna stabilisation system and the RF signal Maximum distance between the antenna unit and the Below Decks Equipment BDE is determined by the type of cable used and will be specified in the manufacturers installation instructions Cable runs can be of the order of
48. ce rather than initiating a new connection for each message Do not include the original message in your reply This reduces the amount of data sent Do not include read receipts Read receipts are designed to allow the sender of the message to be notified when the recipient has opened the message As this generates extra traffic Inmarsat recommends that you switch them off 10 4 4 Optimising Eudora 5 1 Eudora 5 1 supports both POP3 and IMAP4 protocols Neither of these protocols provides any compression of data over the communications link You can optimise the performance of these protocols as follows Download part of a message over POP3 This has the benefit of appearing to download only the header if set correctly and of giving you the option of deleting a message that may contain a virus without downloading it You are prompted to skip messages over a certain size Inmarsat recommends that you skip messages over 3KBytes Note Although this setting suggests that you are skipping messages over a specified size in fact the programme skips the remainder of the message after the first 3K Bytes has been downloaded Leave email on the server This has the advantage of enabling you to retrieve the message later or downloading a duplicate copy if you lose the original The disadvantage is that you could download a duplicate copy of an existing message Inmarsat recommends that you download what is required and delete what is not
49. click on My computer and select Properties from the sub menu e Click on the Automatic updates tab e Select Turn off Automatic Updates e Click on Apply then click on OK You can re enable the updates from the same interface 9 5 Domain Name Server DNS Traffic A Domain Name Server DNS is used by most TCP IP applications to translate Internet names for example www inmarsat com into Internet Protocol IP addresses So to use Inmarsat as an example instead of having to type in http 161 30 215 56 every time we want to look at the Inmarsat web site we can simply type WWww inmarsat com into our web browser and the Domain Name Server translates the domain name into the IP address of the server which hosts the web site The web browser then uses the IP address to connect directly to the server If we didn t use a DNS or for any reason the DNS was not working then we would always have to type the full IP addresses of the web site that we wished to browse instead of using the much more user friendly domain name However each DNS lookup can generate between 1 and 2 kbytes of traffic The most effective way to reduce this traffic is to run a DNS caching server on the remote vessel side of the satellite link This may only be practical if using a LAN configuration The caching server accepts local look up requests from other devices on the network and only looks up across the satellite link if it is unable to satisfy the look up from its
50. ction for your application s 4 2 Internet based Last Mile solutions for use with a Standard IP connection Most typical office applications such as email Internet browsing and FTP and numerous maritime applications such as electronic charts and weather updates are best suited to Standard IP combined with an Internet based last mile implementation as shown below in Figure 10 Internet based delivery has no guaranteed QoS 9 N i G Internet i fi Customer FleetBroadband SAS Figure 10 Internet based Last Mile Implementation However if Internet connectivity is highly contended and the overall connection quality is impaired it may be worth considering the use of a dedicated circuit for last mile connectivity as described below in Section 4 3 for use with your Standard IP connection From the shore side access to the Internet by the corporate office network could be by any one of several means such as e Dial up e ADSL DSL e wireless e cable e VSAT shared or dedicated Page 15 FleetBroadband Best Practices Manual 4 3 Guaranteed Last Mile solutions for use with a Streaming IP connection A Streaming IP channel is similar to a circuit switched channel in that both are charged by time and both guarantee a certain QoS to the terminal Streaming IP is optimised for use with audio and video applications such as Windows Media and QuickTime and synchronisation of enterprise solutions such as Oracle and SAP
51. d and type approved for the FleetBroadband service They are referred to as Class 8 High Gain Antenna FB500 and Class 9 Low Gain Antenna FB250 and FB 150 terminals The key difference between Class 8 and Class 9 is the antenna For each type of FleetBroadband terminal Inmarsat defines Subject to roaming agreements please check with Inmarsat Customer Care for the most up to date list of cellular roaming partners Page 7 FleetBroadband Best Practices Manual 1 the air interface at the output of the terminal s antenna 2 the mandatory features and service types for each class of user terminal and 3 the performance requirements of the user terminal Manufacturers must meet all of these requirements in order to obtain Type Approval The definition of other equipment features such as physical connections user interfaces firewalling routing control etc is determined by each manufacturer according to specific market driven needs Because of the possibility of different physical interfaces on terminals from different manufacturers users should pay particular attention to the installation guidelines given in Section 3 1 of this manual entitled Different Terminal Features and Configurations A summary of the features of each of the FleetBroadband terminals is shown below in Table 3 entitled Summary of FleetBroadband Terminal Features ai aaa FleetBroadband FleetBroadband Hardware Definition 250 150 CORS
52. d applications are enabled by default Use the Systems Preferences application to find out which applications are run at start up on the Login Items page Stop any unnecessary applications from starting Other Unix layer applications may start at boot up You can check these by looking in the folders System Library StartupItems reserved for those provided by Apple Library StartupItems To minimise network usage turn off Mac automatic updates as described below e To prevent iTunes from updating within iTunes choose Preferences and disable Check for 1Tunes updates automatically e To prevent iPhoto from updating within iPhoto choose Preferences and disable Check for iPhoto updates automatically e To prevent QuickTime from updating run the System Preferences application select Internet and Network gt QuickTime then disable updates e To prevent Safari from updating choose Preferences gt RSS Set Check for updates to Never 12 How can you benefit from FleetBroadband 12 1 Maritime Industry Trends Changes in industry trends affecting all of shipping are driving many of the developments and integration challenges e Retention of skilled crew seafarers increasingly a limited resource e Significant growth in fuel costs as a proportion of total ship operations e Increased computerisation onboard onshore suppliers ports etc e Remote support and maintenance e Need for control management tighter integration
53. d at each end of the link These techniques cut down on unnecessary network traffic by the use of intelligent caching Stand alone machines connected directly to a FleetBroadband terminal do not usually suffer from these problems However Windows systems using the default Page 46 FleetBroadband Best Practices Manual configuration can experience problems because Windows installs most common protocols as well as TCP IP by default and as a result unexpected traffic may be generated 10 Applications Optimisation 10 1 Voice VoIP All of the FleetBroadband terminals support circuit switched voice at 4kbps Analysis shows that Skype the most popular voice over IP technology requires 60 65kbps and Net to Phone requires 20 24kbps In addition in certain circumstances the use of Skype can render a network vulnerable to certain security breaches for more information see www securecomputing com index cfm skey 1602 Inmarsat therefore recommends that for voice calls the FleetBroadband direct dial voice service is used in preference to IP based telephony solutions 10 2 Fax Group 3 and Group 4 fax calls can be transmitted and received on terminals supporting 3 1kHz audio FB250 and FB500 and ISDN FB500 only respectively However Inmarsat has found that fax over IP applications provide a more cost effective solution to the transmission and reception of faxes using FleetBroadband than using circuit switched solutions such as Group 3 and G
54. dc 150 watts For specific power requirements please consult the manufacturers installation manual for your particular terminal Depending on how clean the power supply on the vessel is consideration could be given to the use of power conditioning units for use with the FleetBroadband BDE and associated network equipment and peripherals devices 3 2 7 Fast Installation without downtime The FleetBroadband antenna is significantly lighter than previous Inmarsat antenna units and can be lifted and installed by at most two persons unlike previous Inmarsat systems that required the use of the crane alongside As such if all of the preparatory work as described in this Section 3 2 has been effectively carried out the physical installation of the system should only take a few hours and not require any time beyond that normally spent in port 4 Pre Installation Planning HQ 4 1 Connecting to your Distribution Partner the Last Mile Inmarsat manages the Quality of Service QoS within the FleetBroadband network QoS being defined by various parameters including bit rate latency jitter and packet loss When a FleetBroadband data connection is opened the QoS for the connection is negotiated between the FleetBroadband terminal and the FleetBroadband Core Network and is determined by the type of data connection requested Standard IP or Streaming IP To ensure that a consistent QoS exists for the full end to end connectio
55. e Videoconferencing Teleconferencing Live Broadcast Secure communications Remote data delivery Voice 3 1KHz ISDN Standard IP 64 128 256 kbps Streaming IP Standard IP offers no guarantee of quality 256 kbps Streaming IP 32 kbps Streaming IP or lower Standard IP offers no guarantee of quality Depends on application Standard IP Fax can be sent received using either the FleetBroadband 3 1kHz voice service Group 3 fax ISDN Group 4 Fax or fax over IP Most videoconference equipment that can use IP data is suitable for use over FleetBroadband FleetBroadband 256 kbps service allows the delivery of cutting edge live video from almost anywhere in the world This solution allows passengers to use their own devices to make phone calls FleetBroadband can be used to deliver secure communications including STU II STE messaging voice fax video and data FleetBroadband can be deployed as an unmanned communication point to deliver results from monitoring sensors to video surveillance suites Table 5 Which IP Connection Should I Use Page 24 FleetBroadband Best Practices Manual 5 6 TCP IP and UDP IP This section gives recommendations for the use of applications using TCP IP or UDP IP over the FleetBroadband network It provides information on the performance of each protocol on a Streaming IP data connection and recommends how to configure your data connections and applications
56. eam e The level of activity in other spot beams e Spare channels available e Forecast use based on historical data e Overall number of users e Average bandwidth currently experienced e How long has this pattern of heavy use been prevalent Thus Inmarsat is able to dynamically and transparently provide additional satellite resources to vessels demanding more capacity and restore and re allocate those resources when that demand has been satisfied 2 8 FleetBroadband Performance Factors 2 8 1 Key Elements of the FleetBroadband System The FleetBroadband system is made up of several elements as illustrated below in Figure 6 entitled FleetBroadband End to End System Diagram all of which need to be optimised to enhance your experience as a user User Interconnect Custome Vessel Equipment FleetBroadband SAS Figure 6 FleetBroadband End to End System Diagram All of these components and parameters are discussed in this manual together with optimisations recommended by Inmarsat to ensure that you obtain the best possible performance from your FleetBroadband system The four key elements shown above in Figure 6 are discussed in the following Page 9 FleetBroadband Best Practices Manual paragraphs 2 8 2 Vessel Equipment The equipment and configuration installed on the vessel is the responsibility of the Customer but it 1s expected that guidance will be provided by the Inmarsat Distribution Partner or Service Provide
57. ect connectivity to the PSTN ISDN and Internet 2 2 2 Regional Hubs or Points of Presence PoPs The Regional Hubs or PoPs are the gateway to the Inmarsat FleetBroadband global packet data network The physical connection point within the hubs is referred to as a Meet Me Point and while access is provided principally for Inmarsat Distribution Partners access to the Meet Me Points can also be provided for end users by arrangement with your Distribution Partner The regional hubs are owned and operated by third parties on behalf of Inmarsat and are currently operated by Telx in New York Telecity in Amsterdam and HKCOLO in Hong Kong 2 2 3 Network Operations Centre NOC The NOC is located at Inmarsat HQ in London and provides resource and network management for the whole of the Inmarsat FleetBroadband network worldwide 2 2 4 Satellite Control Centre SCC The SCC is also located at Inmarsat HQ in London and is responsible for the monitoring the health of the Inmarsat satellites satellite attitude and orbital control Page 2 FleetBroadband Best Practices Manual and undertaking any maintenance work that may be needed on any of the satellites 2 2 5 Business Support Services BSS Business operations are also located at Inmarsat HQ in London providing all of the Business Support Systems required by the FleetBroadband system including billing data fault management and customer care 2 3 FleetBroadband Services FleetBroadband
58. eeees 36 7 3 Modeni INNO Cn eden accretion a ata Reet ocean edioaecaaaaiieades 36 TA Port FOrwarding srssesdolendic tastiwcataa a onasesd akeadiaa tassswcaeada Ohana ead atasiiwcs 37 te IPSC Onn eC toms Expla Mediesenter 37 Lol ADOUL FE DP CONICS cc EEE aces side uero TETO O EEEN 37 LL FleetBroadband and PDP CONEXIS oiriin inea E EATE 38 7 5 4 How static IP addressing is provisioned ccccccceceneeecceceeeaeeeeeeeeenaeees 39 Maintenance Support and Security Procedures ccccccccsssssssssssccccsceeeees 39 8 1 Training and Handover sorserien a a a 39 S2 REMO SUPPO eee a tS eee a a 39 8 3 Ertor Logt 1h Gaeta viscid olen dc atsauhancatenc ia tagusdabendaattaahaanateac N 40 St Uml IPT E en a a teen aes 40 8 5 Standby PC and Ghost IMA 6S srisrenisisei iien a a 40 8 6 Operational Procedures arain a a a iatieaabad oe aGie 41 8 7 ACCESS CONTO oieri E a aatandieataties 4 8 7 1 OT gt Dee CE eee eRe EEC eee rea ee ohne ere eer eee creer ate 4 8 7 2 WED ACCESS TULES oiire EENE E T EAEE 4 8 7 3 Preemption IN CASE Of emer genties iresi e E EE EA 4 8 7 4 BIOS and Desktop LOCKS sicretu ena n a E 4 8 8 Fe eects Sse tee aie A tee ieb esate 42 8 9 Ship to shore Liaison and Escalation procedures ccccccssseeeeeeeeeeeeeeees 42 Communication Cost Manageme nl cccccccccsssssssssssccccssssssssssssccsccsssesssscsees 42 9 1 DEvelopra trao promle si ntsc satiate cidinetiat wale N 42 9 2 Least cost Routing Manual and Automat
59. efficiencies to your day to day vessel operations However the extent to which these benefits and efficiencies can be realised will be determined by the skill and knowledge of the crews that will using these systems It is therefore imperative that the implementation of the Inmarsat FleetBroadband enabled communications networks is accompanied by appropriate training for the users of the systems both on the vessel and at HQ Consideration needs to be given not only to the crew on board the vessel at the time of installation but also to subsequent crews who upon hand over will require the same level of training 8 2 Remote Support The ability to provide shore based support for vessel based networks and computers is one of the most important drivers for the implementation of FleetBroadband on ships This benefit is further enhanced by the ability to run concurrent voice and data sessions on FleetBroadband so that voice communication can be maintained while carrying out remote maintenance using the data connection Accordingly all servers computers and satellite equipment should be made accessible to technical staff residing shore side for maintenance and troubleshooting This can be implemented in the following manner Page 39 FleetBroadband Best Practices Manual e Subscribe to a public or private if using VPN static IP address e Enable port forwarding and appropriate security rights on the network as well as the computer opera
60. egian Institute of Fisheries and Aquaculture Fiskeriforskning The main outcome of TraceFish was three consensus based standards for recording and exchange of traceability information in the seafood chains These standards now form the basis for numerous traceability implementations in the industry both privately funded projects and pilot R amp D projects with public funding Page 62
61. enhanced by a wide range of sophisticated Value Added Services and solutions available from the Inmarsat Distribution Partners such as those listed in Section 4 4 below 3 Pre Installation Planning Vessel 3 1 Different Terminal Features and Configurations All of the FleetBroadband terminals provide all of the services described above in Section 2 3 for the particular class or type of terminal that you have purchased or plan to purchase However equipment from different manufacturers may differ slightly in respect of features configurations and physical interfaces Before you take delivery of your FleetBroadband terminal make sure that it has the features that you require to support the peripheral devices such as for example routers hubs handsets PABX s and applications that you wish to connect to your terminal Some examples of popular FleetBroadband terminal physical interface options are shown below in Figure 7 and Figure 8 Further information on connecting peripheral devices to your FleetBroadband system is given in Section 5 below entitled Vessel Network Considerations Figure 7 Thrane amp Thrane Physical Interfaces Page 11 FleetBroadband Best Practices Manual DC Power Input RJ 45 ISDN 3 1K Audio RJ 45 Ethernet USB Dedicated Handset RJ 11 2 wire Voice RJ 11 2 wire Fax rer TE Ta AAE T g fteg CE E E Figure 8 JRC FleetBroadband 250 Physical Interfaces 3 2 Terminal Installation 3
62. erview 2 1 FleetBroadband In orbit Infrastructure FleetBroadband operates using the spot beam capabilities of the latest generation Inmarsat 4 satellites Three satellites are deployed to provide global coverage located at 25 East 143 5 East and 98 West as shown below in Figure 1 Figure 1 Inmarsat 4 Global Coverage as at 18th Feb 2009 The use of spot beams enables Inmarsat to re use spectrum across the coverage area which combined with the Dynamic Network Management described below in Section 2 7 enables Inmarsat to optimise the use of satellite resources for all users connected to the network Page 1 FleetBroadband Best Practices Manual 2 2 FleetBroadband Terrestrial Infrastructure The in orbit infrastructure is complemented by the FleetBroadband terrestrial infrastructure which comprises five principle elements as shown below in Figure 2 and as described in the following sections PSTN ISDN PSTN ISDN Interconnect Interconnect PSTN ISDN Interconnect x x sp ae Region Hub any Region Hub NY iran York AMS Amsterdam HK iran Kong Figure 2 FleetBroadband Terrestrial Infrastructure 2 2 1 Satellite Access Stations SAS The three Satellite Access Stations provide the communications link interface between each of the Inmarsat 4 satellites and terrestrial communications networks Each SAS is owned and operated by Inmarsat has an antenna for communication with the Inmarsat 4 satellites and dir
63. f security for desktop and laptop computers and are used to either prevent a user from changing the BIOS settings or to prevent the PC from booting without a password If special settings have been configured on a PC by the corporate IT department they will be protected by a BIOS lock A desk top lock is a computer security and access control application that can be installed and used on a computer to prevent unauthorised persons from accessing files using programmes and accessing the Internet on that computer If you choose to lock your desktop layout every time you reboot your PC a desk top lock will restore your desktop icons and bring them back to their original positions as well as return your old wallpaper and screen saver to the background You can create an unlimited number of desktop layouts for different purposes such as gaming working surfing the Internet as well as provide different users with their own desktops It is recommended that consideration be given to installing appropriate security and access controls such as BIOS and desk top locks on all computers that have access to the vessel s communication systems Inmarsat recommends the use of Easy Desktop Keeper http www softheap com desksaver html Page 41 FleetBroadband Best Practices Manual 8 8 Scheduling Consideration should be given to crew rosters for shared access to FleetBroadband services and access to the FleetBroadband system for personal use where al
64. generate significant amounts of data traffic for every page that is accessed or refreshed simply accessing a home log on page generates substantial data even before emails are sent or received 10 5 Web browsing 10 5 1 Middleware Third party middleware solutions provide a cost effective means of controlling and optimising access to web based service in the Internet Such control and optimisation is achieved by the use of several techniques including Caching Caching is a useful tool for the reduction of external traffic A web caching server will only retrieve a web page if it does not have the page in its cache For sites with the same graphics for example a company logo on many pages the graphic will only be retrieved once rather than for every page Image compression Images contained in web pages can be substantially compressed for initial viewing and the full image downloaded only if required Operation of white lists and black lists List of sites that cannot be accessed black list or list of the only sites that can be accessed white list Content filtering Up to 90 of unnecessary web page content such as pop ups adware etc can be filtered out prior to download and consideration should be given to the blocking of all streaming media Page 51 FleetBroadband Best Practices Manual Traffic Monitoring Maximum traffic volumes or costs can be pre determined and appropriate alarms set when these levels are
65. he best connection to use for a particular application one needs to take into account not only the Quality of Service throughput and performance required but also the nature of the commercial agreement with your SP or DP and cost factors including e data volume e session duration e fixed charge per connection e minimum charge per session e subscription charges Table 5 below entitled Which IP Connection Should I Use shows the most common applications used over FleetBroadband the recommended IP connection type and further details of how to effectively use the connection The table is for general guidance only and a more specific analysis of the most appropriate connection type for a particular application should always be carried out using the guidelines contained in this Section 5 5 entitled Selecting an IP connection type and Section 9 below entitled Communication Cost Management Page 23 FleetBroadband Best Practices Manual Email Internet browsing D Standard IP Standard IP Standard IP is ideal for sending receiving emails Standard IP is best suited for Internet browsing VPN Standard IP Standard IP is suitable for VPN connections FleetBroadband is optimised for sending and receiving files using FTP over Standard IP Voice AMBE 2 4kbps Voice calls can be made over the Standard IP FleetBroadband voice service VoIP 32 kbps Streaming IP Voice AMBE 2 calling should be used whenever possibl
66. he same IP address throughout its connection to a single network otherwise it may risk losing its lease while still connected thus disrupting network connectivity while it renegotiates with the server for its original or a new IP address The two other modes for allocation of IP addresses are automatic in which the address is permanently assigned to a client and manual in which the address is selected by the client manually by the user or any other means and the DHCP protocol messages are used to inform the server that the address has been allocated The automatic and manual methods are generally used when closer control over IP addressing is required typical of tight firewall setups although a firewall can typically be configured to allow access to the full range of IP addresses that can be dynamically allocated by the DHCP server The DHCP server in either the FleetBroadband terminal or router depending upon the operating mode chosen NAT mode or Modem mode dynamically allocates a private IP address to each user connected to the Ethernet or WLAN interface up to the maximum number of users allowed by the terminal specification The DHCP server maps the IP address to a network address for full Network Address Translation NAT and Port Address Translation PAT Each user can therefore open a separate data connection through the FleetBroadband terminal If Port Forwarding is to be implemented see Section 7 4 below then DHCP automatic
67. icked up and read by a determined hacker 5 9 4 DDNS dynamic domain name server updating A Dynamic Domain Name Server is a network service that provides the capability for Page 28 FleetBroadband Best Practices Manual a networked device such as an IP router or computer system to notify a Domain Name Server to change in real time the active DNS configuration of its configured hostnames addresses or other information stored in a DNS 5 9 5 External Router Consider adding an external router s for additional required features that are not integrated in the terminal The following routers have all been used successfully with FleetBroadband e Netgear e D Link e Cisco e US Robotics 5 9 6 DP Filtering As well as changing the settings on your computer you can ask your Service Provider or Distribution Partner to filter some of the traffic before it reaches the FleetBroadband terminal This filtering takes place in the core network Consult your Service Provider or Distribution Partner for further information 6 Optimising IP settings This section explains how to optimise IP to get the best possible performance and cost savings over FleetBroadband Any application using the TCP or UDP protocols invariably uses some standard TCP IP services These services can generate extra traffic over the network and should be configured to ensure that the data overhead and associated cost is kept to a minimum In addition to the standa
68. ils on how you are charged for a Standard IP connection 5 5 2 Streaming IP A Streaming IP channel should be selected when a guaranteed Quality of Service is required for your applications e g real time video un optimised enterprise solutions database synchronisation etc A streaming channel is similar to a circuit switched channel in that both are charged by time and both guarantee a certain throughput or bandwidth to the terminal A streaming channel is set up between the terminal and the streaming end point which may include the connection between your DP and your corporate network the last mile Note that the data must pass through a number of routers and possibly a firewall between the terminal and your corporate servers To ensure guaranteed end to end Quality of Service Inmarsat recommends the use of a managed last mile such as a leased line or ISDN backhaul for availability see Page 21 FleetBroadband Best Practices Manual your Distribution Partner or Service Provider It is possible to configure Streaming IP data connections on the FleetBroadband and open two or more Streaming IP connections in addition to the Standard IP connection see next section for further information on setting up multiple dedicated Streaming IP connections Streaming connections are available at the following data rates depending upon terminal type e 32kbps streaming e 64kbps streaming e 128kbps streaming e
69. ine Performance Figure 23 Typical Ship Operating Costs Satellite communication charges are typically less than one percent of the total operating costs of a ship If significant cost savings can be made in other areas of ship operations by the use of FleetBroadband then there will be a significant overall reduction in ship operating costs even if the cost of the satellite communications actually increases 12 4 Crew Welfare and Retention A number of options are available Our recommendations take into account various factors such as e Cost of implementation e Complexity of deployment and management e Availability of off the shelf solutions e Nature of cost management and whether it will be sponsored by shipping company or paid for by crew themselves e The range of flexibility of access and freedom provided Some of the applications you may wish to consider are e Crew Calling Voice and SMS e Crew Email and Internet These are discussed in the following sections 12 4 1 Crew Calling Crew Pre paid Calling Cards Crew members are able to purchase pre paid calling cards for use with the FleetBroadband terminal for their own personal use Cards can be used for voice or SMS calls and are available from most Distribution Partners including Page 58 FleetBroadband Best Practices Manual e Stratos Stratos ChatCard www stratosglobal com e Vizada Universal Card www vizada com GSM over FleetBroadband GSM over Flee
70. ing Devices 5 4 Ethernet options sub networks Consideration should be given to configuring the onboard Ethernet wiring implementations into sub networks such as for example a bridge network engine network crew network as shown below in Figure 13 in conjunction with a suitable combination of servers and third party solutions such as those mentioned above in Section 5 2 and 5 3 Such an approach will enable the differentiation of the various networks according to importance and hence prioritisation bandwidth allocation network specific optimum least cost routing etc High Priority m ahign n Other ai gt Inm B Comm ervices gt GSM n E s i P S u Engine b i Med Priority E N m m m a n Voice Isdn ae N M ted B width e A muuan SMS JRC t R EEEE a Std IP EFRA ike S Terminal Oo A strip m r e7 E T k Low Priority TaS mn Figure 13 Example of Vessel Sub Network Implementation 5 5 Selecting an IP connection type FleetBroadband supports two types of IP data connection designed to meet the full range of your IP data requirements They are e Standard IP e Streaming IP Two types of Streaming IP connection can be set up basic Streaming IP and dedicated Streaming IP Basic Streaming IP is a single connection through which all traffic is routed from the Page 20 FleetBroadband Best Practices Manual terminal to the destination If multiple connect
71. ing selected will determine the QoS that a user s traffic will experience If a high Quality of Service is required then a dedicated connection should be considered otherwise Internet based routing may be sufficient The routing and hence type of connection implemented will be determined by the nature of the FleetBroadband services to be used and the required Quality of Service This is discussed further in Section 4 1 below entitled Connecting to your Distribution Partner the Last Mile Your DP will advise you on the routing and type of connection most suited to your traffic 2 9 FleetBroadband Benefits Summary In addition to the proven Inmarsat heritage and L band characteristics which include e Unaffected by the weather operates in rain heavy cloud cover and storms e Licensed to work in ANY territorial waters no regulatory constraints Page 10 FleetBroadband Best Practices Manual e Powerful global service e Completely dependable even in the toughest sea conditions e A field proven history of integrated reliable products and service FleetBroadband has the following unique selling features e Higher bandwidth e Crystal clear voice e Simultaneous voice and data e Common user interface for easy set up and use e Compact antennas for easy installation and maintenance e Range of flexible and affordable rate plans e Unprecedented data speeds available globally for maritime users These features are further
72. ions with independent routing are required then dedicated Streaming IP should be selected and set up Refer to the User Guide for your FleetBroadband terminal for information on opening and closing an IP data connection 5 5 1 Standard IP The Standard IP channel utilises the network capacity that is not allocated for streaming channels This capacity is shared between all terminals that are using the network and so the actual performance varies depending upon how many terminals are connected the location of the terminals and the number of channels in your particular spot beam A Standard IP data connection is pre configured on the FleetBroadband terminal and opens automatically when the terminal is connected to the FleetBroadband network It offers data rates of up to 432kbps depending on the terminal shared with other users on a best effort basis Inmarsat monitors the usage in each spot beam and as usage increases extra satellite resources are dynamically assigned to individual spot beams in order to meet demand best effort Standard IP is best suited to most typical office applications such as Internet browsing e mail FTP and also numerous maritime applications such as electronic charts weather updates engine monitoring and many more This is the type of connection that will be used for most of the time and for most applications Up to 432kbps Standard IP Refer to your FleetBroadband Service Provider for deta
73. k device that stores information that is most often requested by network users in a cache on the network Hence if a network user requests information which is already stored in the cache of a proxy server the server can deliver the files immediately thus enhancing the performance of the network and saving unnecessary communications costs An anonymous proxy server is able to mask an IP address from external network resources e g web servers which are accessed on the Internet This prevents those resources from gathering information about your computer and hence significantly reduces the vulnerability of your computer and network to external security threats 5 9 3 MAC address management control MAC is a mechanism to support access control and identification of computers on an IP network MAC assigns a unique number to each network device called the MAC address A MAC address is 48 bits long and is commonly written as a sequence of 12 hexadecimal digits which will be something like 48 3F QA 91 00 BC When using MAC address access control on your wireless network the wireless base station will check the MAC address of the connecting client and check to see if it is on a list of registered clients if itis you get connected if not you don t MAC address access control used to be useful but is really no longer a real option when it comes to wireless security The problem arises as the MAC addresses are sent unencrypted and therefore can be p
74. lowed by crew members should be scheduled so there is no conflict with vessel operational traffic 8 9 Ship to shore Liaison and Escalation procedures Clear lines of communication and escalation procedures should be put into place so that crew members or shore based staff know what steps to take and who to call in the event of a problem with the vessel communications system and or network It is suggested that principal points of contact and contact details are identified on the vessel at HQ and at the Inmarsat Distribution Partner or Service Provider Primary and secondary contacts should be identified in case of non availability of the primary contact and consideration should be given to the implementation of a company escalation procedure to be invoked for outages or problems which are not resolved in a given time frame 9 Communication Cost Management 9 1 Develop a traffic profile It 1s not sufficient to know just what applications you intend to use it is equally important to know the nature of traffic you expect to generate Is the traffic at a constant level like for example FTP as shown below in Figure 20 or is it intermittent like for example web browsing as shown below in Figure 21 Total Graph 100 680 4760 bits 2840 EO Bits Received E Bits Transmitted 1420 14 28 A 56 70 84 98 112 126 140 time secs Figure 20 FTP Traffic Flow Profile Page 42 FleetBroadband Best Practices Manual amp O00
75. luenced by a number of factors e The number of connections opened to the web server e The size of data on the web site e The complexity of the web site e Whether the client and server use pipelining e How the page is rendered by the browser can give an appearance of speed During testing over FleetBroadband it was found that different browsers gave very different results when browsing the same web site Using the Inmarsat home page www inmarsat com as an example it was found that e Mozilla Firefox 1 5 was 20 faster than Internet Explorer 6 0 e Opera 8 5 was 35 faster than Mozilla Firefox and 50 faster than Internet Explorer 6 0 It is believed that the difference in performance was due to the use of pipelining and internal delays between pipeline requests which differed in the three browsers Pipelining is a technique in which multiple HTTP requests are transmitted to a single network socket TCP connection without waiting for the corresponding responses Pipelining is only supported in HTTP 1 1 not in 1 0 The pipelining of requests results in a dramatic improvement in page loading times especially over high latency Page 52 FleetBroadband Best Practices Manual connections such as satellite Internet connections The developers of the Opera browser claim that it is the fastest browser available and this seems to be borne out by the simple tests that were performed by Inmarsat Opera uses pipelining with four simultaneous TCP
76. me or all of the following benefits Extra resilience If a data link is broken during the transmission of messages standard software will re Page 50 FleetBroadband Best Practices Manual start the transmission from the beginning Specialised software is able to continue this transmission from the point it stopped Message filtering Specialised software enables you screen email before it is downloaded You can use this simply to prevent large messages from being downloaded or you may be able to check who is sending messages and only allow messages through from known sources Least cost access It may be possible to save on costs by choosing a different class of connection based on the volume and frequency of email transactions For example a connection charged by time may be cheaper than a connection charged by volume for larger volume email transactions In addition specialised software can provide the ability to automatically select the cheapest network Batching and compression Specialised services can provide automated batching and compression matched to the tariff structure ensuring that messages are transmitted in the most cost effective way 10 4 7 Web mail Web based email solutions such as Hotmail MSN etc are simple to implement and have become extremely popular with users However they are not really suited to the mobile communications environment as most web based email solutions require direct Internet access and
77. n database synchronisation etc Page 22 FleetBroadband Best Practices Manual The maximum number of dedicated Streaming IP connections depends on the terminal s capacity for supporting Streaming IP e g for an FB500 model x 256 2 x 128 4 x 64 or 8 x 32 kbps connections can be simultaneously set up A dedicated Streaming IP connection uses the routing information of the Standard IP connection Therefore a Standard IP connection must be open before a dedicated Streaming IP connection can be set up A Standard IP connection is opened automatically when a FleetBroadband terminal is connected to the network Note Standard IP and that one of the pre configured Streaming IP Dedicated Streaming IP connections can be opened as an alternative to the Standard IP connection In order to enable the FleetBroadband terminal and FleetBroadband network to work together to route these multiple connections successfully a Traffic Flow Template TFT also called an Application Template is used In the FleetBroadband terminal the TFT is associated exclusively with a secondary PDP context 1 e with a dedicated Streaming IP connection See Section 5 8 below for more information on Traffic Flow Templates 5 5 4 Which IP connection should I use You can maximise throughput and performance and minimise your traffic costs by selecting the FleetBroadband IP connection type best suited to the application being used In considering which is t
78. n IP address e the PDP type that is static or dynamic address e the QoS requested for this context standard or streaming at the selected data rate e the Access Point Name APN of the external network to which connectivity is requested e your SIM card s identity number IMSI e any necessary IP configuration parameters for example security settings On receiving the Activate PDP Context message the FleetBroadband core network checks your subscription record to establish whether the request is valid If the request is valid a virtual connection is established between the terminal and the FleetBroadband core network and data transfer can then take place between the terminal and the external data network Page 37 FleetBroadband Best Practices Manual 7 5 2 FleetBroadband and PDP contexts The FleetBroadband terminal creates a PDP context for each IP data connection that you open to send or receive traffic over the FleetBroadband network These contexts can either be primary or secondary If you open a Standard IP data connection or one of the pre configured Streaming IP data connections in FleetBroadband the FleetBroadband terminal opens a primary PDP context as shown below Primary contexts can each connect to a different APN and each get a public IP address Standard IP or Streaming IP connection g Primary PDP Context T PC FleetBroadband UMTS BGAN Terminal network If you open a dedicated Streaming I
79. n the quality and speed of the connection between your Distribution Partner or Service Provider and your corporate network often referred to as the last mile needs to be commensurate with the type of FleetBroadband service and associated application s that you wish to use Last mile connectivity for a Standard IP connection can be simply and effectively implemented using Internet based solutions However if an Internet based solution is used for last mile implementation there is no guaranteed QoS A Streaming IP connection requires a more demanding QoS than a Standard IP Page 14 FleetBroadband Best Practices Manual connection and QoS is particularly important for UDP based applications such as live video and audio streaming In such instances Inmarsat recommends that guaranteed QoS last mile routing arrangements such as a dedicated connection are implemented Section 5 5 below entitled Selecting an IP connection type describes the characteristics of the two FleetBroadband connection types Standard IP and Streaming IP and provides guidance on selecting the most appropriate connection type for different applications Once you have decided on the most appropriate FleetBroadband connection for your applications you should then choose the appropriate last mile interconnect Your FleetBroadband Service Provider can provide details of available interconnect options and assist in the selection of the most suitable last mile conne
80. navailable a user can request another channel with a lower bit rate Streaming is very important for time critical data transmissions such as live video and audio but un optimised resource intensive enterprise applications like Oracle SAP and database synchronisation can also benefit from the improved interactivity provided by Streaming IP Further characteristics can be assigned to a Streaming IP link including error correction and application specific routing instructions FleetBroadband offers streaming class connections at 32 64 128 and 256kbps The actual data rate and maximum number of Streaming IP connections varies and depends upon the type of terminal used link conditions available capacity and Page 4 FleetBroadband Best Practices Manual elevation to the satellite Streaming capacity is delivered in both the forward and return directions and a streaming connection has a per minute tariff structure 2 4 3 Circuit switched Data Services Circuit switched data services are available from the moment the terminal is registered to the network and data connections can be initiated from either the ship or the shore unlike IP data connections which must be initiated from the ship ISDN The FleetBroadband network supports mobile originated and mobile terminated ISDN circuit switched data calls at 64kbps FleetBroadband provides one 64kbps B channel per terminal and both UDI and RDI are supported A user may run simultaneous I
81. ng script into a text editor such as Windows Notepad and save it as a reg file for example Page 30 FleetBroadband Best Practices Manual windowsize reg Once the file is saved double click the file and the changes will be applied You will need to restart the system for the changes to take effect 6 3 MTU MSS and RWIN 6 3 1 MTU Maximum Transmission Unit The Maximum Transmission Unit MTU is the size of the largest packet or frame that can be transmitted for a particular network connection A higher MTU results in higher bandwidth efficiency The actual MTU for a network connection is negotiated by the network and is determined by the device in the network with the smallest MTU The largest MTU value for standard Ethernet is 1500 bytes and the default Windows MTU size is the same 1500 bytes The MTU size can be configured using an application such as DrTCP which is available for download at http www dslreports com drtcp 6 3 2 MSS Maximum Segment Size The Maximum Segment Size MSS is the maximum number of data bytes that can be transmitted in a single packet The MSS size in bytes therefore corresponds to the MTU size minus the IP headers which for TCP and UDP are 40 bytes and 28 bytes respectively 6 3 3 RWIN The TCP Receive Window RWIN size is the amount of received data in bytes that can be buffered at any one time on a connection The sending host can send only that amount of data before waiting f
82. op delays Latency Range ms on GSM GPRS GAN ISDN RBGAN FleetBroadband MPDS Standard IP Streaming IP Service Type Figure 16 Latency in Communications Networks 6 2 TCP Window Size A TCP window sets the amount of data that you can send over a particular connection before an acknowledgment is required to confirm receipt The primary purpose of a TCP window is to control congestion An end to end connection for example host to server may have a bottleneck that reduces the throughput of data If the transmission is too fast data is lost at the bottleneck The TCP window reduces the transmission speed to a level where congestion and data loss do not occur This is particularly important over TCP networks such as FleetBroadband as data loss results in retransmission and additional costs TCP window size is also important for the FleetBroadband network as satellite networks have greater latency than terrestrial networks and waiting for TCP window acknowledgements can reduce the optimal bandwidth significantly A smaller window size is therefore recommended over FleetBroadband TCP window size is set within the Windows registry settings in Hex format OOO 1 fff being 128kBytes However in order to enable TCP window sizes greater than 64kbytes window scaling also needs to be enabled This is done by modifying the TCP 1323Opts registry setting to 1 To make both of these changes simply copy and paste the followi
83. or an acknowledgment and or window update from the receiving host The RWIN is dynamically changed during a connection by the TCP slow start algorithm Itis important that the initial value for RWIN is not set too low Windows XP Yes change to 128KB Windows Yes change to 128KB Windows Yes change to 128KB D aN Yes change to 128KB pre SP4 Yes change to 128KB 64KB Yes change to 128KB 54KB Yes change to 128KB Table 8 RWIN Default Values and Settings Page 31 FleetBroadband Best Practices Manual The TCP Receive Window size can be configured using an application such as DrTCP which is available for download at http www dslreports com drtcp 6 4 Quiescent Mode This section applies to Standard IP only When you use applications that send or receive data in bursts the FleetBroadband resourcing algorithm introduces delays These occur when a_ connected FleetBroadband terminal does not send any data for a period During these times the terminal is described as being in quiescent mode The following is an explanation of one way in which quiescent mode can be activated 1 A terminal connected to the FleetBroadband network maintains a queue of traffic that 1s waiting to be sent over the network 2 If the queue size changes significantly the terminal sends a status message to the network asking for an appropriate amount of resource so that the terminal may clear its queue 3 The network alloca
84. own cache Cached DNS lookups are normally valid for 2 or 3 days this is configurable per domain by the owner of the domain An alternative to DNS caching is to avoid using DNS for frequently used device names You can do this by putting an entry in the HOSTS file on the client machine The HOSTS file which also contains instructions on populating the file can be found at C WINDOWS system32 drivers etc DNS caching and changes to the HOSTS file should be carefully managed as configuration errors will result in users being unable to access web sites using domain names and having to use IP addresses Page 45 FleetBroadband Best Practices Manual 9 6 Using Web caching Web caching is a useful tool for the reduction of external traffic A web caching server will only retrieve a web page if it does not have the page in its cache For sites with the same graphics for example a company logo on many pages the graphic will only be retrieved once rather than for every page Web caching servers are normally installed on LANs However all browsers incorporate a web cache which serves the same purpose for single user set ups Note that cached data sometimes expires which means that it from time to time it may need to be reloaded 9 7 Reducing Unnecessary LAN Traffic 9 7 1 Block unwanted traffic When a client computer is connected to a FleetBroadband terminal with a network cable the computer considers itself part of a LAN The
85. r Primary consideration should be given to e Onboard computers hardware and operating system e g Windows MAC Linux including e User applications protocols FTP IMAP POP SMTP HTTP e Transport protocol TCP IP or UDP e Appropriate optimisation of applications and communications software e Wiring and Ethernet connectivity e Terminal installation and in particular the location of the antenna 2 8 3 Satellite Interconnect The satellite interconnect is generally transparent to a user However in some circumstances troubleshooting optimisation etc it may be necessary to consider the following factors in conjunction with your Distribution Partner e Optimal satellite selection e Dynamic Network Management e Satellite Access Gateway e Latency and jitter round trip time e Network activity network resources 2 8 4 Distribution Partner PoP Interconnect User traffic is routed through the DP PoP for onward transmission and the provision of value added services such as DNS IP addressing billing management security firewalling and provision of a dedicated last mile connection if required by the Customer The DP PoP interconnect is the DP s responsibility 2 8 5 User Interconnect General Internet Access The final routing of a user s traffic from the PoP to its ultimate destination general Internet access or to the customer s own infrastructure is the responsibility of the customer and the rout
86. rd Internet protocols Inmarsat has also successfully operated secure Internet protocols such as IPSEC L2TP SSL and HTTPS across the FleetBroadband network 6 1 Satellite Latency and Jitter Latency in the FleetBroadband network comprises several factors as follows e physical distances involved 500 ms satellite to earth propagation delay e processing delay within the network infrastructure 250 ms e size availability and prioritisation of appropriate time slots 150 to 400ms The total latency of the FleetBroadband network is therefore in the range 900ms to 1150ms compared to the latency of a typical office LAN or ADSL connection which is of the order of 15 100ms The absolute latency of the FleetBroadband network is therefore not only a significant factor to be taken into account in itself but its variability known as jitter also becomes a significant factor that needs to be considered There are significant differences between jitter in a Standard IP connection and jitter in a Streaming IP connection see Figure 16 below Page 29 FleetBroadband Best Practices Manual Latency can have a critical effect on the performance of many applications and on the overall user experience and is particularly critical for video applications End to end latency should therefore always be taken into account and particular attention should be paid to terrestrial networks employing VSAT or other satellite links that will introduce double h
87. reached Many of these functions can be carried out using Distribution Partner value added solutions or third party solutions such as those from e Virtek www virtek no e Becker Marine UMC www umcglobal net Please contact your service provider for details of DP provided solutions 10 5 2 Structured Browsing The ubiquitous browsing that everyone does today can be described as casual random interactive and unstructured It is basically inefficient in terms of the time required and the volume of data downloaded proportionate to the information desired but is suitable for a wide range of requirements in the framework of widely available low cost Internet access However in the absence of low cost Internet access it is necessary to optimise the browsing experience by reducing the time required and reducing the volume of data downloaded it is One powerful optimisation is the use of structured browsing which restricts web access to pre designated sites white lists that are additionally pre downloaded usually at the local intranet of the company and further refined by stripping it of any advertisements risky links and dangerous attachments So structured browsing has the power to deliver a near real time browsing experience but cost effectively Structured browsing solutions are available from several companies including e JORA www iora com e I nfonica www infopark de 10 5 3 Web Browser Optimisations Web browsing performance is inf
88. rom http www rarlab com You can then FTP the file to a designated FTP server and alert the recipient by email to retrieve the file locally Many email clients when sending attachments via SMTP will substantially increase an attachment s size sometimes by as much as 50 Compressing attachments is only of benefit if the content is not already compressed and the if the recipient has a utility to uncompress the attachments Contact your DP for further advice in this regard 10 4 3 Optimising Outlook Express Outlook Express supports both POP3 and IMAP4 protocols Neither of these protocols provides any compression of data over a communications link You can optimise the performance of these protocols as follows e Switch off Check for mail every x minutes option or set the value to several hours Checking for mail when there isn t any generates up to 6KBytes of traffic By checking for email only when necessary you can reduce costs e Switch off Send and Receive messages at start up This allows queuing or sending of batches of mail e Disable Automatic download of messages when in the viewing pane This stops messages being downloaded as you browse the headers e Send plain text messages only If you use bold underline and non standard fonts more data is used than plain text e De select the Send messages immediately option You can queue messages Page 48 FleetBroadband Best Practices Manual enabling them to be sent all at on
89. roup 4 fax technology Fax over IP solutions are provided by several companies including e RTE FaxBox http www rte software com gb rtefax_smtp asp e E fax http home efax com s r uk_home CMP OTC uk e On Go http www on go com insol html 10 3 Chat There are many chat and text based messaging applications available on the Internet If a messaging service is to be used in conjunction with the FleetBroadband service then the choice of messaging platform should take into consideration any control features within the application and the overheads associated not only with the chat but those associated with potentially keeping the chat sessions alive for periods of several days 10 4 Email 10 4 1 Improving email performance In general the SMTP POP and IMAP protocols do not offer compression although IMAP4 allows retrieval of headers only The most effective method of optimising email clients over these protocols is to reduce the amount of data that is sent and received This also applies to proprietary protocols The following hints and tips are generic and apply to all protocols and clients The rest of this section concentrates on optimising some of the most commonly used clients e Use IMAP servers rather than POP3 servers and enable the viewing of message headers rather than downloading all messages e Disable regular automated checks for new mail to reduce traffic e Disable the download of messages whilst they are being previewed
90. rseaciee seasteemiasedseceeusee dies Z 222 Regional Hubs or Points of Presence POPS iccccccccsssceecccccsnneeeeseeeeeneees 2 2 23 Network Operations Centre NOC ccccccccssseecccccceenesscceecaasesscceseaanssees Z 2 2 4 Sele COntrol C entre SC CG huni S 2 22 5 Business Support Services BSS sscsersivesdevsesseesraeascarasesnceersdveasevsesaewsaeess 3 2 3 FigetBrodd band Servi CES esa a end E 3 2 4 One Device Two Domains Three Data Networks 0 0 0 0 cece ee eee eeceeceeeee ee 3 2 4 1 SY LCL LOLOL A AF B01 Cee RON eR eee PRR eRe nee ORT ne Cee Re ee nee 4 2 4 2 SIV COMING T PDOA sire iE E E 4 2 4 3 CIV CUM swile hed Pala SCTVICCS ar na E A a led binsects 5 2 5 Voice and Messagino Services scsacscccciuezsntiecebscetininks onlelatnsectewezsnndtedsendadtvsaadace 6 2 5 1 Direct Didi VOICE SAVICE acana a a 6 DSL VO OMOLI SCTVI C Eri T E T a 6 295 CODA Bs CR Rae Oe E EET SER ER EO eT ere eee 7 DG Product Eype Seerne a 7 21 FleetBroadband Dynamic Network Management cccccccccceeesseeeeeeeeees 9 2 8 FleetBroadband Performance Factors sis ssasicstacnestacsceasectasaveseecacavesbiateotarsdiaees 9 2 8 1 Key Elements of the FleetBroadband System aooo00nnnnennnnnnnnnnnnseeennnns 9 2 6 2 Vessel EGU PINENI orase a Reade teu aiasadn tivated 10 20 5 SUELEN CONDE I asiaa E S N NN 10 2 8 4 Distribution Partner PoP Interconnect 10 2 8 5 User Interconnect General Internet ACCESS 10 2 9 FleetBroadband Benefits Summary
91. rvice profile can be provisioned so that call forwarding will divert calls to the voicemail server whenever the gt The AMBE 2 audio codec was developed by DVSI Inc and is a toll quality full duplex real time voice compression software Page 6 FleetBroadband Best Practices Manual subscriber is unable to receive incoming calls Subscribers receive a notification via SMS that they have messages waiting for them In addition to the basic messaging service subscribers can forward messages to another number record a message and distribute it to one or more subscribers and access their voicemail from any telephone fixed or mobile 2 5 3 Global Text The FleetBroadband network incorporates an SMS text messaging application with a full range of messaging features The SMS message format follows the standard 160 character structure FleetBroadband does not support concatenated SMS You can send and receive SMS messages to and from other FleetBroadband terminals and terrestrial cellular networks via your laptop or computer using the FleetBroadband LaunchPad utility as shown below in Figure 5 A rleetBroadband LaunchPad 1 4 0 ui EE Contacts Lisage Tools Sent Draft Compose new message Received a Advanced Close ay g We 250 gt Registered with network Ready A for phone and text Select data GPS Lat 1 51 Long 0 08 to enable IP Data 2 6 Product Types There are two terminal types define
92. s and components are available from suppliers such as Motion Media Livewire Tandberg Polycomm PVX Motion Media Axis Sony PTZ cameras Ulead Picasa 12 7 Ship Management Applications Corporate enterprise solutions such as Oracle SAP CRM and ERP are becoming increasingly widespread If such a system is to be used in conjunction with the FleetBroadband network it must be optimised usually by the supplier of the product to operate effectively in wireless mobile conditions in order to reduce overheads support high latency and implement effective crash recovery Other enterprise solutions optimised for the maritime environment are also available from specialist maritime providers such as e SpecTec www spectec net e Danaos www danaos com e Horizon Mobile Communications www horizon mobile com 12 8 Fishing Applications Numerous services are available to the fishing industry which enhance the efficiency of the fishing process throughout the value chain Such services range from navigation imaging and fish location through to market information and regulatory compliance All of these services can be accessed using the FleetBroadband service 12 8 1 Geoeye www geoeye com GeoEye provide the SeaStarsSM Commercial Fishing Service Using GeoEye s OrbView 2 satellite plankton concentration data is collected combined with oceanographic and meteorological information and processed From there it is sent directly to the fishing vessel
93. ser sends data to the public IP address of a router the router needs to know what to do with the data Port forwarding simply tells the router which device on the local area network to send the data to Once the port forwarding rules are set up the router is able to accept data from a public IP address port number and route that data to an internal IP address port number Fleet Broadband can be configured for port forwarding and in fact must be configured for port forwarding if more than one device is to be attached to the terminal 7 5 IP Connections Explained 7 5 1 About PDP contexts The FleetBroadband Network manages resources using Packet Data Protocol PDP contexts When you open an IP data connection a PDP context is opened automatically This PDP context must be established in the FleetBroadband terminal and FleetBroadband core network for you to be able to transfer data across the network A PDP context defines connection aspects such as routing Quality of Service QoS security and billing between the terminal and network When you first open a PDP context the terminal requests sufficient radio resources that is power and bandwidth to support the context activation procedure Once the resources are allocated the terminal sends the activate PDP context request to the FleetBroadband core network This request includes key information about the FleetBroadband terminal for example e the PDP address which may be for example a
94. sssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssess 18 5 1 Typical Vessel Communications Network cccccccccccesseeeeseeeeeeeeeaeeenees 18 5 2 Integration with existing communications infrastructure ccceeeeeeeeees 19 5 3 Integration of other subsystems on board cc eeececcceccceceeeeeeseeeeeeeeaeeeeeees 19 5 4 Ethernet options sub networKs oe essesssssoeeessssssssseerrsssssssseeressssssseeeeeees 20 5 5 selecting an IP connection LY PC wast scendisdiasctersiocndendeanusdahsserdseasavtarinenianitantis 20 Doel Sona a I gate eet SE Ne eee ee E Eee Mie ere eee 21 I2 SNEIN O EP ge E E E E 21 Soo Dedicated SITCQNUNG TP nanea N Ze 5 5 4 Which IP connection should I USC ccccccccssecccccceneeeeescceeeaaeeeeeeseeaaees 23 20 TCPP an UDP TP e a a E a 25 5 6 1 About I CF iiei a eE AE E OE natin TET 25 5 6 2 ALON ODEI iva lan EEN TN 29 5 7 LaunchPad Web Interface and AT commands 0c ce eeeeceeceeceeceeceecees 26 5 7 1 Lannen Fad aose a AE E O E 26 5 7 2 WeDAN OTOC OSETE EE E A E E E E 26 DA TD O A S EAO E A O S 27 5 8 Tratric Flow Template TET Jesienna e ae 28 59 Security Settings and Related Value Added Services ccccccceeeesseeeees 28 5 9 1 F IFOW OU eretia ENE EEEN T E EATA TR 28 5 9 2 POKES CIV CIs E IEAS eesaet ha EAAS Sera he eae tena eee 28 5 9 3 MAC address MANAZEMENI CONTHTOL ccccccccccseeccccc eee eeeseeeeenaeeeeseseeaaaees 28 5 9 4 DDNS dynamic domain name Server updating
95. static IP addressing scheme e when using IP Telephony and video conferencing 7 5 4 How static IP addressing is provisioned Your Distribution Partner or Service Provider normally provisions your SIM card to use public static IP addressing by assigning a username and password to the SIM card ID Note this is usually provisioned with the default Access Point Name APN for your Service Provider In most cases your SIM card is provisioned to use public static IP addressing automatically In very few cases it may be necessary for you to specify static IP addressing manually at the connection stage You will need a private static IP address usually part of setting up a user requested closed network over FleetBroadband when you wish your vessels to be automatically part of your corporate network by being assigned a specific range of IP addresses that match your internal networks This usually requires your company to set up a dedicated VPN connection between your company and the DP PoP If VPN s form part of your set up then this type of set up can help to remove the unnecessary overheads that VPN s create sometimes up to 50 that increase the costs of communication as well as reduce overall throughput see Section 4 5 above for more information 8 Maintenance Support and Security Procedures 8 1 Training and Handover The integration of FleetBroadband into your vessel communications networks can bring a huge range of benefits and
96. tBroadband enables users to make and receive voice calls send and receive SMS text messages using their own or pre paid SIM cards in their personal mobile phones The mobile phones on board the ship send and receive voice and data messages through the ship s own mobile base transceiver station This base station is connected to the remote gateway which converts the data voice signals received into a narrowband signal for transmission over the FleetBroadband network GSM solutions for use over FleetBroadband can be obtained from several companies including e Blue Ocean Wireless www bluecoceanwireless com e Zynetix www zynetix com e Stratos GSM Oceanwide www stratosglobal com 12 4 2 Crew Email and Internet Access Crew Email and Internet require most planning and should be deployed in a phased manner as suggested below Phase 1 e Start from Email or Webmail ideally using a specialist solution e Implement only Chat Cafe MSN Yahoo Messenger etc e Block everything else Phase 2 e Implement fully controlled PC s supplied by the ship e Must use firewall onboard caching and pre compression e Implement maximum control and restricted Internet access e Preferably access Internet via corporate intranet Phase 3 e Provide Wifi hotspots on vessel for crew PC access e Implement appropriate caching pre compression middleware e White list black list management Solutions that will assist you in implementing a successful crew calling programme
97. tes the resource 4 The terminal sends the data in the queue in the given time slots This process of obtaining the resource causes a delay in the traffic and the terminal returns to quiescent mode after a period of approximately two minutes Applications that are interactive i e requiring constant user interaction will be affected by this behaviour and every effort should be made to minimise its effect by the use of spoofing or TCP PEP 6 5 TCP IP Slow Start 6 5 1 TCP Slow Start Overview TCP provides its reliability partially through the use of the slow start algorithm As its name suggests TCP slow start affects the start of each connection sending data slowly until it detects that the network can receive a greater volume However slow start is re activated on a connection in the event of packet loss This behaviour is determined by the TCP window size which determines how many packets can be in progress across the network without an acknowledgement being received from the other end of the connection Slow start can mean that the full bandwidth available on a connection will not be utilised for 10 15 seconds with the result that the perceived performance for a TCP based transfer is better for large files than for smaller files as shown below in Figure 17 Inmarsat recommends the use of TCP Accelerator also known as TCP Performance Enhancing Protocol or PEP to overcome the adverse impact of the TCP Slow Start algorithm when used
98. ther optimisations Go through your start up menu and prevent any applications that are not required from starting automatically Items on this menu will start when you start your Operating system Removing the application from this menu does not delete the application you can start it manually when required Go through the icons in your system tray and configure applications that are not required to not start on start up and not automatically check for updates Use a tool such as ccleaner www ccleaner com to examine the programs that start when Windows start and remove as required advanced users only 11 2 Linux OS Optimisations There are many Linux distributions in use today all of which may be installed in a number of ways to provide functionality of a desktop a server or a combination of the two The default TCP parameters for Linux operate successfully on the FleetBroadband network You can make modifications to these settings by changing values in the pseudo files found in the following directories proc sys net core proc sys net ipv4 You can make these changes at any time but you must make them each time you power on the computer You can create a suitable script and run it in etc rc local or the equivalent on your distribution Some parameters may also be set in the file etc sysctl conf Application Optimisations Ensure that only the required applications are enabled by default On most Linux distributions you can use
99. tic ccccccccssseseeeeceeeeeeaeeeeees 43 9 3 Tratie Momtonne T OOUSswssicsusntiexes ened a a aa 43 9 3 1 DP SOWA ONS eanan Diese en ER 44 9 3 2 ThirdPpariy SOWMMIONS crpe na ioe vas E E ice ascents eda 44 Fee AWON UDA S patra aces cet ech toda a 44 9 5 Domain Name Server DNS Trai C ccsa cnn a E 45 o6 Usmo W CD CAC iG enen a a et inarieah ele eetaaede 46 9 7 Reducing Unnecessary LAN Traffic srsssiciestiaattstieckiucmnlsbaceeud netted es 46 9 7 1 Blockimwaniecd Wa e a E E 46 OF 2 Polline update CHECKS winewsiatiseseduscnssiadesntets deasuedaraceued E 46 111 FleetBroadband Best Practices Manual 10 Applications Optimisation ccccrcccssscscsssssscccccccccccccsssssssssssssssssssssssssees 47 IO UR et G0 Ll Sceeemrenmrrecne snes renee mn tre enn Sv PEE er rent nN Oso Ue ee NO ee ae ney 47 102 Faken elizdicatnaatanceetiaa E a 47 I0 Chiasa A T nares 47 IOA Emalea a a a 47 10 41 Improving email performanCe sscciieecniinnen inen 47 1042 OPUMISIN eG CMAIL CHONES ooir rrien nerina eea EETA NO EE ces 48 Il043 Optimisme Outlook EXPTE SS orere EEEE TRONE 48 LOA Opim s ME EUJr I S rrr a e Eea TE TT TTN 49 1045 Optimising Mozilla Thunderbird sreriroiirin an ET 50 10 4 6 Using specialised email solutions 1cccccccccccceecccceeeeeceecenaaaaaeeeneeees 50 TORT Wob marien saat nan a pan emaniwcn ond beantcetolga 5I TOD Web sDIOWSIIG oeutisenisienir a a E 51 PODS MAd WAT Cassie since nscee tetacbouasis tua E tathtaabans 5I
100. ting system e Install appropriate remote administrative software on computers and servers such as UltraVNC PC Anywhere Remote Desktop and Remote Assistance the latter two being built in features of Windows XP 8 3 Error Logging The FleetBroadband range of terminals log all key activities This log can be accessed using LaunchPad and should be downloaded and saved and or printed to assist in any troubleshooting activities An example of a log display is shown below in Figure 19 ire Display Dialog x Log File EventLogFile csy OF INFO 06 12 03 09 07 58 UTC LanSocket sendData AaAT CGAacT INFO O8 12 03 14 22 06 UTC Starting the instance of LaunchPad Application INFO O8 12 03 14 22 06 UTC Starting the instance of LaunchPad Application INFO O8 12 03 14 22 17 UTC attempting to connect at IP 192 166 126 100 and port 1829 INFO O8 12 03 15 10 45 UTC Starting the instance of LaunchPad Application INFO O8 12 03 15 10 45 UTC Starting the instance of LaunchPad Application ERROR 087 127 03 15 11 02 UTC Can not open the Multiple instance of LaunchPad application Closing Second ERROR 08712703 15 11 02 UTC Can not open the Multiple instance of LaunchPad application Closing Second INFO O8 12 03 15 11 11 UTC attempting to connect at IP 192 166 126 100 and port 1829 INFO O8 12 03 15 11 59 UTC attempting to connect at IP 192 168 0 1 and port 5454 INFO 08 12 03 15 12 04 UTC LanSocket sendDatal AT INFO O08 12
101. w be made available for use by vessels Some of the key maritime areas that could benefit from such applications include e Safety e Training e Remote Maintenance Support Control e Security e Insurance P amp I e Social Crew Retention e Legal e Corporate With the exception of video conferencing which requires a Streaming IP link all of these video and imaging applications can use the Standard IP data service 12 6 2 Digital Photos Transmission of high resolution photos for remote diagnostics insurance assessment medical assistance 12 6 3 Video Chatting MSN Yahoo Messenger Typified by webcam quality images during text Page 60 FleetBroadband Best Practices Manual conferencing sessions 12 6 4 Store amp Forward Video High quality high resolution video files are captured on board compressed and transferred to shore using FTP Files captured and transmitted in this manner are usually very large but are of broadcast quality eg Clipway Challenges 12 6 5 Video Streaming Typically text audio video transmitted in one direction Systems are available from several suppliers including Frontline Communicator Real Video MS Media Livewire Quicktime Streambox Quicklink Media Clipway 12 6 6 Video conferencing Typified by high quality audio video transmission synchronised in both directions Users expect high quality images and good audio clarity which require the use of a Streaming IP connection with a guaranteed QoS System
102. width Consideration should therefore be given to provision of a leased or dedicated connection see Section 4 3 above between the shore based corporate network and the DP and connecting remote offshore users to the shore based corporate network by assigning a static private IP address to each vessel on the network Such a configuration will remove the requirement for a VPN client on the vessel and hence eliminate the overhead associated with the use of the VPN while maintaining the integrity and security of the entire corporate network VPN clients tested by Inmarsat over the FleetBroadband network include those from e Checkpoint NG e Cisco e Netscreen e Nortel e PPTP Inmarsat has also successfully operated secure Internet protocols such as IPSEC L2TP SSL and HTTPS across the FleetBroadband network 4 6 Corporate Intranet Design Considerations You should consider having a light version of your corporate Intranet for use by remote users such as FleetBroadband users Guidelines for the design of such a web site can be found at http www thedigitalship com webguide technicalinfo html 4 7 Implementation Notes for Corporate Enterprise Systems Corporate enterprise solutions such as Oracle SAP CRM and ERP are becoming increasingly widespread Such systems can be characterised as e heavy data intensive systems e designed for megabit gigabit networks e using very chatty protocols As such they are not very lite

Fleet Broadband Best Practices Manual

Contents

Download Pdf Manuals

Related Search

Related Contents