User`s Guide (91k PDF) - The SWTPC Computer Documentation
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1. LN 65 JU N THE PARAMETERS WERE JUST SWITCHED BACK SO TH LINE APPEARANCE WILL BE RESTORED THIS IS A SHORT EXAMPLE BUT SHOULD SHOW HOW TH COMMANDS CAN BE INTEGRATED WITH THE TEXT Gl Gl H This example appears in its expanded form on the next page This introduction to text processing is intended to be only that and is not a complete treatment of the subject Many commands and features have been omitted The ones included are the most general and the most used commands which offer the user a great deal of control and flexibility Hopefully some eyes have been opened to the wide variety of applications of the text processor 11 TSC Text Processor User s Manual Version 2 4 EXPANDED EXAMPLE TEST OF SEVERAL PROCESSOR COMMANDS This example shows how commands and text can be intermixed for later processing by a text processor The example started by centering two lines followed by a single indent to signify the start of a paragraph The capitalization mode is on and the upper case shift characters are being used The adjust mode was just changed to centering as well as a line length of 45 The left margin was set to 10 to give a nicely centered narrow line Special effects like these are easily accomplished The parameters were just swit2. on current line accumulation does not cause a break TL is usually used in header and footer macros For example TL will print the page number in the center of the title length TL LEFT CENTER RIGHT Place titles adjusted according to field The strings represented by LEFT CENTER and RIGHT are respectively left adjusted centered and right adjusted within the current title length Any of the fields may be empty and any nonnumeric printing character may be used in place of the field delimiter The character will be replaced by the current page number in Arabic or Roman representation LT N Set title length The lengths of titles and lines are separate parameters Indents do not apply to titles but left margin adjustment does IX CONDITIONAL INPUT COMMANDS Input command and macro calls may be performed on a conditional basis Chained conditionals are permitted as in IF A IF B XX IF C COMMAND See next IF C COMMAND 1 IF N COMMAND IF N COMMAND IF is the conditional command COMMAND can be any system command or macro name C is a built in condition code and can be either 0 or E to represent Odd or Even page numbers respectively N is any number and can be a number a number register or any combination of these in the form of an expression using addition and subtraction If the condition is true the built in condition is satisfied
3. I HEADERS AND FOOTERS These macros are used to define top and bottom margins and also specify the contents of these margins such as page numbers titles etc Almost all processing jobs will require some sort of header and footer Usually the macro definitions are placed at the beginning of the fil they need to appear before they ar called for execution The AT command is used to set the trap location the line at which the macro should automatically execute of each of the macros Headers are set to line 1 and footers to a specific distance from the bottom of the page Onc these macros have been defined and their trap locations set they can be forgotten about since the processor will do all the rest of the work The first macro is a simple header macro which provides two blank lines a centered title and two more blank lines at the top of each page DM HD SP 2 TL CENTERED TITLE SP 2 NS OS AT 1 HD All of the header macros will contain a NS and OS command NS will suppress any unnecessary spacing which may occur due to the unpredicted appearance of a SP command For example if the start of a new paragraph just happens to start at the top of a new page there is no reason for the paragraph macro to space down two lines since we are at the top of the page NS will keep this from happening The OS command instructs the processor to output any saved space from the p
4. TSC Text Processor User s Manual Version 2 4 margin N 0 and no break occurs Left margins should not exceed 100 NL N Need N lines on the page If the distance to the next trap position or the bottom of the page is less than N the paper is advanced to the next trap position blank lines output Otherwise no action takes place No break occurs and the default argument is N 1 II TEXT FILLING ADJUSTING AND CENTERING The following commands affect the appearance of individual lines of text Two important parameters are referenced Fill and Justify The default fill mode is to fill output lines with as many words as possible without exceeding the line length value Any extra words are saved for output on the next line A word is defined to be any string of characters separated by a space or spaces If two words are to be separated by a space but are not to be split across line boundaries or separated by the justification routines the unpaddable space character backslash space may be used The default justification mode is left and right giving straight margins on both sides Filled lines which contain too few character positions to completely fill out the specified line length are padded with spaces until the correct length is achieved The space filling or padding is done from alternate sides of the page as each line is justified to eliminate white rivers which may otherwise occur in the text No hyphenation i
5. Multiple spacing Single space lines Space N lines Save N lines Output saved lines No space mode on Restore spacing Line length Indent Single indent Put string in indent Defin Append Remove or redefin a macro to a macro macro or diversion TRE XXT Divert out to macro Divert and append to Set trap at line N Change trap location End macro specification instead of TSC Text Processor User s Manual Command Initial Default Cause Form Value Argument Break VI NUMBER REGISTERS NR X N no AU N 0 prev no AR arabic no CR arabic E no SR arabic no VII TABS AND TAB CHARACTERS TA N none none no STE o un sp un sp no Shes JC none none no VIII THREE PART TITLES I left center right no LT N 65 prev no IX CONDITIONAL INPUT COMMANDS LE C COMMAND no IF IC COMMAND 3 no IF N COMMAND no IF N COMMAND no X ENVIRONMENT SWITCHING EV N N 0 N 0 no XI SPECIAL CONTROL COMMANDS JQP no caps no NC no caps no ST yes EX yes PS no pass no SRP yes DH yes DW ia yes DB yes Un sp unpaddable space character Version 2 4 Explanation Number register Set auto increment Arabic numbers Capital Roman numbers Small Roman numbers Set tab columns Set tab fill character Set tab character Define title Length of title If true do command
6. name exactly as macro calls are performed As an advanced exercise and demonstration of the diversion process as well as many other processor commands a complete set of macros for handling footnotes will be described The reader should note that the following example is very complex and several readings will probably be required in order to fully understand its operation Us W N mo W o J TL FOOTNOTE TESTNI E U Hj ole m AHBZAPrNHNUEA nmMDawaat FO v 0 X FT FO B T H W ES U aH ZU Q DM NM TL g DM BF DA TX IF X 1 SA Oe zZ Ei ry TSC Text Processor User s Manual Version 2 4 lt fo W V FO W N P W CH FO N 1 HQ240 Am WH v z SA wW ve ic TR Hy E a ar 8 H ey Hj w a j a DM FT RM TX AT 1 HD AT B FO AT 4 NM CH FO 70 AT B FN CH FO B EV 1 AU 1 EN 59 5 EV 0 This example is quite similar to the one given in the NROFF Users Manual written by Tye Ossanna of Bell Laboratories To use these macros merely insert their definitions at the beginning of the text file and immediately after a footnote reference has been made call macro BF Following the call simply type the footnote text and end it with a call to EF A description of the macros follows The first line defines number register B and sets it equal to 7
7. Change environments Capitals mode on No caps mode Stop processing Exit processor Pass text without proc ntire fil height line width line height and width Repeat Double Double Double These commands require the output device to support double dimens ion character printing 14 Command Form Initial Default Value Argument XII EXTERNAL COMMUNICATION IM ST 7 GI ST XIII MISCELLAN J XIV UNDERLINE EOUS UL XV DISK ORIENT IC C i OF NAME CE RI S NI N NB N SP ECIAL CHARACT ED COMMANDS gt n ER D EFINITIONS Character Meaning TSC Text Processor User s Manual Cause Break no no no no no no no no no no Standard escape character Force capital letter Set capital letter mode Number register specifier Basic control character No break control character 15 Version 2 4 Explanation Send string to terminal Get line from terminal Comment field Underline next input line Set item character Open data file Close data file Read item from file Move to next item Move to next block NUMB TSC Text Processor User s Manual Version 2 4 ER R EGIST ERS Register A B Cc D ra x l G OR E ARO T S E A x oe eaning User defina
8. Subsequent SV commands will overwrite any previously remembered N No space mode has no effect The command does not cause a break and the default value for N is T3 Output saved space This command is used to output any previously saved space from the SV request The remembered count is cleared after calling OS and no space mode has no effect A break does not occur No space mode is turned on The no space mode inhibits SP requests and PG requests without a next page number This mode is automatically turned off after the output of a line of text No break is caused Restore space mode If the no space mode is on it is turned off with this command without causing a break 1 9 TSC Text Processor User s Manual Version 2 4 IV LINE 4 ENGTH AND INDENTING Using the following set of commands the user has complete control over the line length and various forms of indenting The line length includes all indent spaces but does not include left margin spacing As long as the fill mode is turned on the resultant output line will be less than or equal to the current line length minus the indent Line lengths of less than 6 columns are not permitted LN N Set line length The initial value is 65 columns and the command does not cause a line break Line lengths must be between 6 and 255 columns inclusive IN N Set the line indent according to N With a line length of L and a
9. but may create diversions AM XX Append to the macro named XX This command acts exactly like DM except the following input lines are appended to an existing macro rather than creating a new named space RM XX Remove macro or diversion The macro named XX is removed from the name list and subsequent calls to this name will have no effect DI XX Divert output into the macro space named XX The macro named XX is defined or redefined at this point All normal text processing occurs during diversions except left margin page offsetting is not done The diversion process is ended when another DI or DA is encountered Diversions can not be nested The count of the number of lines last diverted is kept in number register V for possible later referenc DA XX Divert append version of DI The same rules apply for both commands AT N XX At line N invoke macro XX Any macro previously planted at line N is replaced by XX N is measured from the top of the page 0 or 1 may be used to represent th top and N is measured from the bottom of the page e g if the page length is 66 line 1 represents line 66 If no macro name is given with the command the trap located at line N if any is removed CH N M Change trap See next 21 TSC Text Processor User s Manual Version 2 4 CH XX M Change the trap planted at line N to occur instead at line M Alternately change the location of the trap for macr
10. necessary to redefine them in each processor text file prepared A few examples will clarify the calling of PR PR CHAPTER1 PR 0 CHPTR1 1 CHPTR2 0 CHPTR3 The first example will process the file named CHAPTERI TXT The file MACRO TXT will also be processed if it exists The second example will first try to process the file MACRO TXT then process the files CHPTR1 TXT on drive 0 and CHPTR2 TXT on drive 1 The processor will then halt and output the CHANGE DISK message to the terminal because of the used as a file spec After changing disks in drive 0 and typing a key the processor will process the file named CHPTR3 TXT on drive 0 2 9 TSC Text Processor User s Manual Version 2 4 When the procesor is called the following message will be output to the terminal PAGE LIMITS and is used to specify a particular block of pages to be processed Typing a carriage return will cause all pages to be processed and output Typing two numbers separated by a space or a comma will cause only th pages between those numbers inclusive to be output For example typing 10 16 will result in only pages numbered 10 through 16 to be output If just one number is entered the processor will start outputing at that page number and continue to the end of the file It should be noted that the processor always starts numbering the first page as number one unless instructed otherwise As the
11. or the number is greater than zero the command or macro named is executed otherwise the command is ignored If C or N are preceded by a not the command is executed if the condition is false or the number is less than or equal to zero 24 TSC Text Processor User s Manual Version 2 4 X ENVIRONMENT SWITCHING There are a number of parameters which control the text processing and are grouped together and called the environment These environment parameters may be changed all at once using the switch command There are two environments 0 and 1 They both have identical initial values for all parameters Parameters within these environments are those associated with line length vertical line spacing indenting centering count adjusting auto increment filling partially collected words title length partially collected lines All other parameters are global or in other words they are not switched with the environment but remain unchanged Examples of global values include left margin page number current line number number registers trap tables and macro definitions Since partially collected words and lines are kept with the environment switching environments will not cause a break and will also preserve any left over words ea V N Change to environment N where N can be 0 or 1 If N is left null environment 0 is assumed XI SPECIAL CONTROL COMMANDS The following commands c
12. processor is working it may be stopped at any time by typing a control cC on the terminal This feature is only supported on computers using a serial interface as the terminal interface port The processor will respond with BREAK output to the terminal At this time processing may be continued by typing any character except an S which will cause the processor to be exited II GENERAL USE There are several things to keep in mind while preparing text for the text processor Remember that all commands must begin in column one It is usually most convenient to begin each sentenc on anew line for easy future editing Macros should be used as often as possible The reason for this is to keep global changes as simple as possible e g change only one line in a macro as opposed to changing single commands scattered throughout the file It is not necessary to understand how the macros provided in this manual work in order to use them All that is necessary is to know how to use them which is thoroughly explained As experience is gained with the processor you will be able to create your own special purpose macros for easy formatting 30 TSC Text Processor User s Manual Version 2 4 III DISK ORIENTED COMMANDS Several additional commands exist in the disk version of the text processor All of these commands deal with the use of a data file The data file is a set of blocks with each bl
13. seen in the above sample data file or multiples per lin Ohio 44225 gt 1975 gt gt Crescent Street Apartment 12 gt New York 10011 gt Automobile gt E5 4936 263 gt March 14 is your second and final notice gt gt Hiram Johnson gt 1975 gt Virginia 32004 gt 1975 gt gt items may be placed one per line as desired The following is the output obtained from the first block of the data file John Doe 1313 Riverside Ave Akron Ohio 44225 Dear John Doe We are writing to you to inform you that your Fire Insurance policy is about to expire Your policy number is F3 4322 946 and expires on March 15 1975 If you desire renewal please send payment by the end of this month If payment is not received your policy will be terminated Thank you for your attention to this matter Thank you Agent 40 TSC Text Processor User s Manual Version 2 4 System Adaptations There are really only two features which can be user adjusted One of these is macro storage space the other being the double height and width character feature These are treated separately below I MACRO STORAGE SPACE The macro storage space is presently set to approximately 3 5K and resides at the top of the first 12K block of memory In 99 of all applications this space will be much more than sufficient If more memory is available and you need more macro space the size of this space can b xpanded Th n
14. stream Any string can be used for a prompt An xample where this command is quite useful is in the preparation of form letters The processor may prompt the operator for names and addresses which are then typed in at the terminal and automatically inserted into the text toatu tH One final command will be described in this introduction the divert text command Sometimes it is desirable to save text currently encountered for later use An example of this is when trying to do footnotes It would be nice if immediately after the 7 TSC Text Processor User s Manual Version 2 4 footnote reference was made the actual footnote text could be typed but saved for later insertion at the bottom of the page The mechanism which allows this sort of operation is called a diversion and is only available on the more complex text processors such as TSC s Two forms of the diversion usually exist DI XX DA XX where DI instructs the processor to divert the following text into a diversion space named XX and DA says to divert and append to the diversion space named XX During diversion all normal text processing still takes place but rather than sending the text to the printer the text is written to a special place internal to the processor The diversion process continues until the command for a divert is found without a name specifier To recall th diverted text it is only necessary to call it by
15. J a DM FT RM TX AT 1 HD AT B FO AT 4 NM CH FO 70 AT B FN CH FO B EV 1 AU 1 EN 55 EV 0 Please remember that it is not necessary to fully understand how these macros work as long as you know how to use them IV TWO COLUMN OUTPUT The TSC processor does not support backward line feeds so it is necessary to use some operator intervention in order to produce two column output The following set of macros will produce two column output each column being 31 characters wide When the text of the first column reaches the bottom of the page the string REPOSITION PAPER will be output to the terminal and a STOP command is executed At this time the operator should reposition the paper to the top of the page and then restart the processor by typing any key but S Z 31 A 0 HD A PA 2 1 A 1 TL title A 1 SP 2 A 1 LM 34 D Fe g wW HNnNHHPHH UAH Ao ea a er ee ty ga zZ FO 37 SP LM IF s DE PG DM TM ISI EN AT AT BR It should be special set of header and footer macros which may be modified as desired TSC Text Processor User s Manual Version 2 4 2 0 A 1 TL A 1 NR A 0 PA REPOSITION PAP ii W ae 1 1 HD 5 FO noted that these macros 38 also contain their own TSC Text Processor User s Manual Version 2 4 V FORM LETTERS The last set of macros and ex
16. Number register B is used to specify the size in lines of the bottom margin A header macro definition follows HD and provides several functions After spacing down two lines the title is output unless it is page number one the IF command Two more lines are produced and the auto increment value is set to one Number 9 TSC Text Processor User s Manual Version 2 4 register X is cleared and it is later used to keep track of the number of footnotes on the current page Next W is set to the location of the bottom margin trap and will later be adjusted as necessary if footnotes are added The IF V command checks to see if there is any remaining footnote text from the previous page and if so they are reprocessed number register V contains the line count of the last diversion Finally the no space mode is turned on to suppress any spaces which might otherwise get printed needlessly at the top of the page The footer macro FO clears the diversion count V and checks the value of X If X is not zero meaning there were footnotes on the page macro FT is invoked The footer is then restored to its original location by using the Change command as defined by B The last command does a page eject Macro NM is used to print a centered page number at the bottom of each page The begin footnote macro BF starts with a divert append into the diversion space called TX The environment is switched and if it is th
17. Text Processing System COPYRIGHT 1980 by Technical Systems Consultants Inc P O Box 2570 West Lafayette Indiana 47906 All Rights Reserved COPYRIGHT INFORMATION This entire manual is provided for the personal use and enjoyment of the purchaser Its contents are copyrighted by Technical Systems Consultants Inc and reproduction In whole or in part by any means is prohibited Use of this program or any part thereof for any purpose other than single end use by the purchaser is prohibited DISCLAIMER The supplied software is intended for use only as described in this manual Use of undocumented features or parameters may cause unpredictable results for which Technical Systems Consultants Inc cannot assume responsibility Although every effort has been made to make the supplied software and its documentation as accurate and functional as possible Technical Systems Consultants Inc will not assume responsibility for any damages incurred or generated by such material Technical Systems Consultants Inc reserves the right to make changes in such material at any time without notice Contents PREFACE I INTRODUCTION TO TEXT PROCESSING II COMMAND SUMMARY III REFERENCE MANUAL IV USING TH Gl DISK VERSION V MACRO LIBRARY VI SYSTEM ADAPTATIONS iii Preface The TSC Text Processing System is an extremely complex program With this in mind the following
18. age title There are many different ways of providing titles but the TSC processor uses a title command which has the form TL fieldl field2 field3 where fieldl is left adjusted field2 is centered and field3 is right adjusted Any one or all of the fields may be present Another feature supported in the TSC processor is the ability to print the current page number in the text Any place a percent sign appears it will be replaced by the page number A few examples will clarify the use of the title command TSC Text Processor User s Manual Version 2 4 TL Main Title TL Centered Title Date To Tagen The first line will left adjust Main Title on the page The second example causes Centered Title to be centered and Date to right adjusted The final example will cause the current page number to be printed between two dashes Now it would be nice if there was some way of getting the title and maybe a few other commands to automatically execute at the top and or bottom of each page of output The TSC processor offers two advanced features to perform this task macros and traps A macro is a set of commands grouped together and given a name When this name is later referenced th ntir g roup of commands will be executed Essentially what results is he ability to write special programs using the command set of the processor to do specific tasks such as headers paragraphs special ti
19. amples deal with form letters These macros are shown with some sample text and mak xtensive use of disk data files This example should be thoroughly studied before trying to make use of disk data file commands The RP repeat command is used so that the file is repeated over and over until the end of file has been reached in the data file number register E is non zero The macro creates a name and address header at the top of each page Following is Dear persons name and the text of the letter The sample program is shown below followed by the sample data file and then a sample of the output produced by the processor OF q Gq Z NM Jv Uz H H rj ao Eea a a BS 0 Hi o ee ee Eo se fe Ge NS SD Bb Ow Se oe Od ZO HOH Es K w SP lt SI 5 We are writing to you to inform you that your RI Insurance policy is about to expire Your policy number is RI and expires on RIS Ne If you desire renewal please send payment by the end of this month If payment is not received your policy will be terminated RI Thank you for your attention to this matter SP 2 3 9 TSC Text Processor User s Manual Version 2 4 The sample data file is as follows John Doe gt 1313 Riverside Ave gt Akron Fire gt F3 4322 946 gt March 15 Bill Jones gt 1111 Kingston This RR 3 gt Lotson Life gt B1 2234 123 gt March 12 As can be
20. and RI commands cause the sequential reading of items and will never move into the next block It is necessary to use the NB command to advance to the next block If N is specified a number or number register N 1 blocks will be skipped example If NB 2 were specified the next block would be skipped over and the next data read would be from the block following If N is not specified it defaults to 1 If there are no more blocks left in the data file and the NB command is used number register E will be set to one to designate an End of file condition IV ADDITIONAL COMMANDS AND FEATURES The disk version of the processor contains one additional command This command permits underlining of words but may only be used with printer devices which support single character backspace capability Unpredictable results will occur when trying to use this command on printers not supporting backspace UL Underline the next input line The following line of text single or multiple words will result in the output being underlined Only alphanumeric characters are underlined 32 TSC Text Processor User s Manual Version 2 4 Macro Library The following macro descriptions range from simple header and footer macros to a very complex footnote macro It is not necessary to understand how the macros work just how to use them Each macro includes a description of what it does and how it can be used
21. ble Current column count Day of the month End of data file flag User definable GI amp RI character count User def Current indent User def Current line length onth Line count on page Current left margin Current page length User def Last diversion line count User def Year 2 digits User def Page number 1 6 TSC Text Processor User s Manual Version 2 4 Reference Manual INTRODUCT ION All input lines to the processor which are to be interpreted as commands should be started with the control character a or in column one followed immediately by the two letter command If the characters are not system command names or user defined macros the line will be ignored The nobreak control character may be used with any command to suppress normal line breakage during processing Only a single command reference is permitted on any one line The following detailed command descriptions reference numerical arguments either as N N or N N means any argument is taken as absolute and any previous value is simply replaced by the new value N is used when the argument may take any form of a number either positive negative or absolute Valid arguments of this form are 4 10 and 3 where the old value would be incremented by 4 decremented by 10 and replaced by 3 respectively Arguments of the form N may use absolute values or negative values which are subtracted from the
22. by most of the large scale system formatters including NROFF the system after which the TSC Text Processor is modeled Before any specific examples ar shown a description of the environment will be given Th nvironment refers to the basic page and formatting features which will be in effect unless otherwise specified The initial or default environment is very important The TSC processor without any command information will perform left and right justification with a line length of 65 characters the standard 8 1 2 page line width Page length is initially defined to be 66 lines which is the standard for 11 paper and 6 lines inch spacing Other initial environment features provide for the passing of blank lines to output and NROFF is a text formatting program written at Bell Laboratories It runs on many large operating systems including the UNIX Time Sharing System l TSC Text Processor User s Manual Version 2 4 for any line starting with a space or spaces to create a new lin with the spaces now treated as unpaddable space characters With the environment initialized as above it is possible to take any text file not having special command information embedded in it and still receive a sensibly formatted output This is an important feature which is often overlooked by many processor designers The environment may of course be changed or modified at any time by the use of special comman
23. case until another is encountered It is often desirable for readability to use multiple spacing between lines The TSC processor will allow this using the command MS N where N is the space count desired and defaults to double spacing N 2 if no value for N is given The single space mode can be restored by either using MS 1 or SS for single space Another group of commands deal with left margins and indentation The left margin is normally set to 0 since the output device usually provides its own left margin determined by paper positioning Some applications require a wider margin at which time LM N may be used to redefine it to be N spaces wide Indent is similar to the left margin control with one difference LM N preserves the line length and simply moves the line to the right N spaces IN N on the other hand effectively reduces th line length by N columns in order to preserve the right hand margin Setting the indent back to 0 will restore the full line length Another form of indenting can be done by the use of the single indent command SI N Single indent is identical to indent except it is automatically restored to 0 after th lin is output It should be noted that the commands for left margin indent and single indent are additive in that if the following string of commands is issued LM 10 IN 8 52 5 the resultant output line would be preceded by 23 spaces succeeding li
24. character acts Similar to the shift and lock key on a typewriter As an example this is a test would cause this is a test to be output in all upper case characters The capitals mode must be on CP Number register specifier When an alphabetic character is immediately preceded by a it will be interpreted as a number register Example A refers to number register A The period is the basic command control character If in column one it specifies a two character command or macro name follows The colon is the no break control character TE functions exactly like the period but will suppress breaks caused by various commands Page number symbol Any place the percent sign appears it will automatically be replaced by the current page number Special notes A The processor automatically makes sure there are two spaces after I or This does not apply to punctuation immediately followed by another character 27 TSC Text Processor User s Manual Version 2 4 Blank Page 28 TSC Text Processor User s Manual Version 2 4 FLEX Version Features I BRINGING UP THE SYSTEM The disk processor command file name is PR CMD The general syntax for the PR command is PR lt file spec gt lt list of file specs gt The lt file spec gt designates which text file is to be processed and defaults to a TXT extension If the text to be proc
25. ched back so the line appearance will be restored This is a short example but should show how the commands can be integrated with the text NOTE This entire user s manual was prepared using the TSC Text Editing System and the TSC Text Processing System 12 TSC Text Command Summary Command Initial Default Cause Form Value Argument Break I PAGE CONTROL PL N 66 lines 66 lines no PG N N 1 yes PN N N 1 ignored no LM N N 0 previous no NL N N 1 no II TEXT FILLING ADJUSTING AND CENTERING BR yes FI fill yes NF fadi 5 yes aJU gt C jst norm ast No NJ just no CE N OTT N 1 yes III VERTICAL SPACING MS N prev N 2 no ESS single no SP N 1 yes SV N 5 1 no OS no NS space no RS no IV LINE LENGTH AND INDENTING LN N 65 prev no IN N N 0 prev yes SL N N 1 yes SPE ST yes V MACROS DIVERSIONS AND LINE TRAPS DM XxX ignored no AM XX ignored no RM XX ignored no DI XX end no DA XX end no ZAT N XX no CH N M no CH XX M no 5 no The use of suppress the break function as the control character 13 Processor User s Manual Version 2 4 Explanation Page length Eject to next page Page number Left margin Need N lines Break buffer Fill output lines No fill or justification Justify on No justification Center N input lines
26. current page length to reference N number of lines from the bottom of the page When expressions are involved using the N argument the entire N is evaluated before the increment or decrement is applied e g 6 3 will decrement the value by 3 Certain commands requiring arguments will keep the last argument assigned if the argument field is left empty when the command is called I PAGE CONTROL The page control commands are used to set the physical page parameters such as length width margins numbering etc Top and bottom margins are not automatically provided and should be defined by the user with macros as described in a later section PL N Set page length to N lines Initial value is 66 lines and is reset to 66 if no argument is given Does not cause a break The maximum N is 255 PG N Eject to next page If N is given the new page number will be adjusted accordingly The page number is automatically incremented if no argument is given and the command does cause a break Max N is 255 PN N Set the page number to N If PN occurs before the first break or first text it will be set for the first page The value is initially 1 and the command does not cause a break The maximum page number is 255 LM N Set the left margin according to N Th ntire output line will be offset to the right by the number of spaces the current LM is defined Initially there is no 17
27. d of the space is referenced at location 02AA in the 6800 version and at 02A3 in the 6809 version this value may be changed as needed II DOUBLE CHARACTERS T E Three commands exist in the processor which require special printer hardware Thes ar double height DH double width DW and double both DB Some commercially available printers will print single lines of double size characters if a special control character is received prior to th line Th double height control character 12 is referenced at location 0C79 in the 6800 version and at 0BFC in the 6809 version The double width control character SOE is referenced at locations 0C84 and 0C8D in the 6800 version and at 0C06 and SOCOF in the 6809 version These may be changed as required 41
28. ds to allow for more personalized and detailed formatting jobs Let s take a look at some specific commands of the TSC processor One of the simplest commands is the center lines command CE N where N is the number of lines to be centered within the current line width To use this command as with any of the commands it is only necessary to place the command right before the lines it is to affect For example CE 2 The Design of Text Processors An Introduction will cause the two lines listed to be neatly centered on the page It can be seen that this is much easier than trying to manually calculate the correct spacing The initial environment was previously described All of the parameters may be easily changed by the commands which directly affect them One of the commands is LN N and is used to set the current line length To set the line length to 50 all that is necessary is a command line which reads as follows LN 50 The length is now 50 columns Another parameter easily set is the page length using the command PL N where N is the number of lines per page desired Some other commands which change environment parameters include FI and NF which turn fill mode on and off no fill respectively Fill means that as many words as will fit within the current line length are placed on each output line This gives a straight left text edge and a slightly ragged right one No fill simply copies
29. e command also causes a break If N is not specified the processor will output 1 blank line It may be required that the blank lines all be on the same page maybe for later insertion of a photograph or illustration The TSC Text Processor allows this by using the save space command SV N where N is the number of lines required If there are not N lines remaining on the current page no line is output but instead printing continues and the count N is saved for later use When the next page is reached the output saved space command may be u 1 sed OS which will then produce the remembered number of blank ines A convenient method for using OS will be given later Another similar command is the need lines command NL N where N is a line count This command says that there must be N lines remaining on the current page and if there are not eject to the next page This is convenient for keeping special blocks of text together keep them from being split by page boundaries or for not starting a new paragraph at the bottom of a page if only 1 or 2 lines will fit The commands which have been described so far will allow very nice page formatting If these were all that were available in a text processor much time and effort would be saved The TSC Text Processing System however offers many more commands and much more versatility One feature often needed in documents or manuals is the p
30. e first footnote on the page macro SA is invoked which outputs a set of dashes as a simple footnote separator line Diversion of the footnote text continues until macro EF is called At this time a break is executed and the original environment is restored The diversion is stopped with the DI command Number register W is updated by the number of diverted lines and the footer trap line is changed to compensate for the added footnote lines Finally if the number of diverted lines was great enough to move the footer trap up past the current line position the trap is reset to the next line TR is responsible for rediverting any lines of footnote text which will not fit on the page It is very unusual for this to happen but this may occur if a footnote is very long and is referenced near the bottom of the page Macro FT is used for reading back the diverted text It switches environments sets the no fill mode and calls TX the actual footnote text TX is then removed from the macro list the fill mode is restored and the environment switched The last group of lines is used to define the trap locations of the various macros The header is set to line one and NM is set to execute four lines from the bottom of the page The trap for the footer is planted at B then moved past the bottom of the page while FN is also placed at B FO is then moved back as originally placed so in effect both FO and FN are placed at the same line bu
31. ed to set the trap locations AT 1 HD causes the header macro to be executed at line 1 of every new page while AT 7 FT causes the footer macro FT to be executed at the 7th line from the bottom of each page The ability to specify trap locations and define macros makes titles and footers extremely simple and efficient One of the important aspects of using a text processor is the ability to make a few minor command changes and greatly change the final copy As an example suppose at the last minute it was decided that it would look better if there were four blank lines at the top of each page rather than three If the document were being prepared by hand it would be necessary to retype the entire work to obtain the extra space Using a text processor it would only be necessary to go back and change the line count before each title The TSC Text Processor and its ability to define macros means only one line in the entire text file needs to be changed The second line of the header macro which is currently SP 3 would be changed to read SP 4 One simple change and the desired result is obtained It should be kept in mind that when preparing documents with a processor supporting macro capability all of the often used command strings should be defined in a macro so simple global changes may be easily performed if so desired There are more advanced features supported in the TSC Text Processing System One of these is the ab
32. edge No break is caused and the justify type remains unchanged Center the next N input lines A break occurs before the command and then automatically after each line is output If the resultant line is longer than the current line length the output line will be left hand adjusted The maximum count is 255 ERTICAL SPACING All line spacing defaults to standard single spacing It may be set at any time by using the MS command If the line spacing is N N 1 blank lines ar inserted after each output line The occurrence of a trap will terminate any remaining spacing count Contiguous space should be saved by using the SV and OS commands MS N SS SP N SV N OS NS RS Set multiple line spacing to N N 1 blank lines are inserted after each output line No break is caused and if N is not specified the value of 2 will be used double spacing Max value is 255 Set single space mode No blank lines are output after text lines and no break occurs Space N lines The number of output lines is limited to the distance to the nearest trap or bottom of thepage If no space mode is on no spaces are output If no value for N is given it defaults to 1 SP causes a break Save N lines of space If the distance to the next trap or the bottom of the page is greater than N N lines are output otherwise no lines are immediately output but the count N is saved for later output see OS
33. essed is divided among several files each file spec may be listed separately on the calling line separated by commas A special feature supported by PR is the ability to process files from any number of disks on systems containing a limited number of drives Substituting a for the lt file spec gt anywhere on the calling line where a lt file spec gt is expected will cause the processor to halt and output to the terminal CHANGE DISKS AND TYPE A KEY At this time insert the disk containing the continuation file s and type any key to restart processing It should be noted that the ability to process multiple files with one calling line should only be used when the files are actual continuations of the same text The processor treats them as if they were all part of the same file continuing page numbers indenting page width etc just as if the first file had never ended One other feature supported by the processor is the ability to automatically process a macro definition file prior to processing any of th files specified Upon the execution of PR the working drive disk is searched for a file named MACRO TXT If none is found the processor starts processing the first file specified If a MACRO file is present it is read in and processed just as if it had been the first file specified in the calling line This is useful for defining frequently used macros in this file so it is not
34. ility to do conditional command execution There are four forms of this command IF O XX SLE Be XX IF N XX IF N XX where 0 and E stand for Odd and Even page number respectively and N can be a number a number register to be explained shortly or an expression containing numbers and number registers The exclamation point is the NOT operator and XX is any command or macro name The command works as follows IF the condition is true page is odd or even or the number or expression is greater than zero the command XX is executed otherwise it is not Preceding the expression by will cause the command or macro to be executed only if the condition is not true less than or equal to zero The following special header macro definitions will illustrate the use of this command DM HD SOP lt 3 IF O TL Title SIE BT Pat bet i HOP 2 TSC Text Processor User s Manual Version 2 4 DM HD 3SP 3 JER So Tie Tete SPr 2 The first header defined causes the title to be right adjusted on odd numbered pages and left adjusted on even pages The second definition will print a centered title on each page except page number one since the value of the expression will be zero when the page number is one remember that the represents the current page number Another feature contained in the TSC processor is the ability to use number registers Two types exist one
35. ingle macro call This is quite useful if these operations are going to be repeated many times throughout a document III FOOTNOT Gl S The following set of macros is all that is required to do very efficient and easy footnote handling A description of how they actually work is contained in the introduction of this manual To use these macros it is only necessary to include their descriptions at the beginning of your file As soon after a footnote is referenced in the text call the macro BF begin 35 footno te to begin the footnote TSC Text Processor User s Manual Version 2 4 Immediately following this call type the contents of the footnote followed by a call to the macro EF end footnote Text her BF Footnote contents typed here and may SEE be several lines long referencing a footnote The following serves as an example It should be noted that the footnote macros contain their own header and footer macros which may be modified as desired Thes macros should be the first lines of a file z R U tg tj ZAHZAPrNHNY nmMDDWa T H WE UY aH ZU Q Wis lt fo HOAZAvVAWHU Am WH B 7 HD 1 TL FOOTNOTE TEST H FO VO X FT FO B X 1 SA tf ry W V FO W N P W CH FO N 1 SA TR 3 6 TSC Text Processor User s Manual Version 2 4 w f
36. le to then be opened CF Close data file If a data file is opened it will be closed and not allow any more data to be read from it If no file is open the command has no affect RI Read item from input file If a file has been opened the RI command will cause input from the file until an end of item character is read The end of item character will be returned as a space if in the fill mode or a carriage return if in nofill mode If an S a C ppears on the calling command line RI S no haracter will be returned for the end of item character In other words the character will be S uppressed If there are no items remaining in the current block RI will have no affect The RI command will also be ignored if no file has been opened After reading data with the RI command number register G will contain a count of the number of characters just read in 31 TSC Text Processor User s Manual Version 2 4 NI N Move to next item Normally sequential items are read by using the RI command It is often desirable to skip items while processing text from a data file The NI command is used to skip one or more items in a block If N is present on the calling line it should be a number or number register which specifies the number of items to be skipped If N is not present the default is one item to be skipped NI will not move past the end of a block NB N Move to next block The use of NI
37. mber between 2 dashes centered on the page 3 lines from the bottom SP 2 dS oe PG AT 5 FO It is often desirable to have page numbers on every page except page number one The following footer will do exactly that 34 TSC Text Processor User s Manual Version 2 4 DM FO SP 2 bP gol Th Megat PG AT 5 FO There are several other types of header and footer macros which can be created Some of these appear in the macros which follow II PARAGRAPHS There are many forms of paragraphing The TSC Text Processor does not restrict one to using one particular form One type of paragraph is to produce one blank line and start the first line of the paragraph indented five spaces The following macro does just that DM PP 9P od 3S To use the paragraph macro simply call it by name any time a new paragraph is desired e g type PP in column one One little feature which may be added to the macro is a need lines command NL In the following example NL 3 is used to tell the processor that we desire at least thr lines be left on the page before a new paragraph is started This will keep one or two lone lines from being placed at the bottom of the page DM PP SP NL 3 sol 9 Many other types of paragraph macros may be created along the same lines as those presented These macro examples are quite simple but show how even two or three lines of commands may be replaced by a s
38. n indent of N N spaces are output before each line and the remaining text is restricted to a size of L N Initially the indent is 0 and the command causes a break SI N Single indent N spaces Only the next output line will be indented by the amount specified by N Note that Single indenting may be done backwards into an indent field e g if indent is 10 SI 4 would temporarily set the overall indent to 10 4 or 6 IN and SI counts are cumulative and the final value may not be negative This command causes a line break lt P AST Put string in indent field The string represented by ST leading spaces ignored is inserted into the field normally filled with spaces by the indent count If the string is longer than the indent count the string will be truncated so it will not extend past the indent field V MACROS DIVERSIONS AND LINE TRAPS A macro is a set of commands and or text which can be assigned a name and called by name at a later time All macro names are two characters long and must be different from any names already in existence in the system command name table Macros are defined or redefined by using the DM command or by using the output diversion command DI Macros already in existence may be appended to by using the AM or DA commands If a macro is named XX it may be invoked by an input line beginning with Xx A trap may also be placed at a specific vertical page placement to cause automa
39. nal as a prompt message Characters typed from the terminal following the execution of GI are automatically inserted into the input stream for text processing This command can be used to get name and address information for form letter preparation The get input function is terminated by typing a carriage return therefore only one line of text may be entered with each GI command executed After completion of the command the number register G contains the character count of the string typed not including the carriage return 2 6 TSC Text Processor User s Manual Version 2 4 XIII MISCELLANEOUS The following describe some of the smaller features of the text processor ER Comment field This may be used to insert comments into the input text and will be ignored by the processor No output is created with this command the comment is not passed to the output Special Characters Standard escape character This character is used to remove special meaning from a character For example if a percent sign is needed in the output it is necessary to precede it with the otherwise it will be interpreted as the page number e g To print a backslash must be used Force upper case letter if in the capitals mode CP This acts similar to the shift key on a typewriter Example test will be output with an upper case T and lower case est Upper case string delimiter This
40. nes are preceded by 18 spaces assuming another SI command was not used A note of caution is necessary concerning a characteristic of several of the processor s commands Most commands will perform only their specified function but some also cause a line break A break is the forcing of output of the line currently being collected in the line buffer Normally a line is kept in the buffer until the specified line length has been reached at which time justification may or may not occur depending on the mode enabled also assuming that fill is turned on The break will cause the partial line to be output without being filled 3 TSC Text Processor User s Manual Version 2 4 but the appropriate justification will be performed This is useful for starting new paragraphs or new blocks of text Some of the commands which cause a break ar sCEy JE NEY wEN atid lt lt ST Sometimes it is desirable that these commands do not cause a break This can be done by using the no break control character So far all commands have been shown preceded by the normal control character a period To set an indent of 10 and not cause a break the following should be used IN 10 The colon may be used with any command whether the command normally causes a break or not It is often necessary to produce a section of one or more blank lines Th spac command SP N can be used to output N blank lines The spac
41. o XX to line M If there is not a trap set at N the request is ignored Terminate a macro definition VI NUMBER REGISTERS Number registers are a type of variable used during processing There are two classifications user definable and system Number registers have single character names A through Z and Number registers may be used any time a number is expected in a command and also may appear imbedded in text There are two methods of referencing a number register X X where is the register designator character and X is the name of the register When using it should not be preceded by the The in the second exampl specifies that the number register is to be auto incremented prior to its use and it will retain the new incremented value The auto increment amount is set using the AU command When a number register referenc is encountered it is converted to decimal lower case Roman or upper case Roman as determined by the mode set Number registers appearing in macro definitions are not converted until the macro is actually executed Number registers may also be used to construct expressions any time a number is expected in a command expressions may not be imbedded in text The expressions are evaluated left to right and may contain only the operators and NR X N Assign a value to number register X This command should only be used to assign val
42. ock being divided into items An item can be any set of text or processor commands followed by an end of item character The end of item character is initially a gt but may be redefined using the IC command see below The end of a block is specified by a null or empty item two successive end of item characters form a null item e g End of block gt gt There are processor commands which allow inserting items into text see RI skipping items see NI moving to a new block NB and the ability to open and close data files For a specific example of these commands see the Form Letter example in the MACRO LIBRARY section ITC Set the end of item character This character is initially a nS but may be defined to any nonalphanumeric printable character If C is not specified the character defaults back to a gt OF NAME Open a data file This command will prepare the specified file for reading If NAME is specified on the command line it should follow standard file spec rules that file will be opened if found on the disk If NAME is not specified on the command line the processor will prompt the terminal with DATA FILE NAME at which time the desired file name should be ntered The default extension is TXT If a file is already open the OF command will be ignored by the processor It is only possible to have one file open at any one time Closing a file using CF will allow another fi
43. ontrol certain aspects of the processor The double height and width commands are hardware dependent You should refer to the adaption section of this manual for details CP Turn capital letter mode on When enabled this mode will allow the use of an upper case only terminal to prepare text for later output to a device which supports both upper and lower case Each character is automatically converted to lower case unless it is immediately preceded by a at which time that character remains upper case Strings of characters may be kept in upper case by enclosing them between up arrows The is like a shift key and the acts like a shift and lock key NC Turn off capitals mode Initially this mode is off and the special capitalization characters and are ignored ST Stop causes processing to temporarily halt and the word STOP is output to the terminal At this time typing an S will cause all processing to be stopped and the processor will be exited Typing any other character will cause processing to continue The stop command does cause a line break 25 TSC Text Processor User s Manual Version 2 4 ta x Exit the processor Text processing is stopped just as if all input had been finished This command is useful in conjunction with the IF command BS ass all input to the output This command is primarily ntended as a debugging aid since it allows all input including command line
44. recommendations should be noted by the user Do not expect to master the system with one reading of the manual The entire document should be read lightly the first time through followed by a more rigorous reading Th Referenc Manual section is very concise and contains detailed descriptions of all of the commands of the processor This is the section which should be studied extensively Since the system is so complex many results may occur which are contrary to the user s intentions If strange output is encountered reread the sections of the manual covering the commands being used As mor xperienc is gained the system will become an invaluable tool but as with any complex system it takes time to learn its operation TSC Text Processor User s Manual Version 2 4 I INTRODUCTION TO TEXT PROCESSING This world is producing millions of words of text each day There are words in newspapers magazines books catalogs pamphlets letters documents and manuals and they all need to be organized before publication It would certainly be a never ending task if all text formatting and organization were to be done manually It simply would not get done Thanks to computers and programs called text processors text formatting sometimes called word processing becomes a fairly trivial task The text processor allows for convenient and precise page formatting and organization The final copy becomes extremel
45. revious page The next header is a little fancier It does everything the previous one does except the titling is done a little differently Here if the current page number is even the title is left hand justified If the page is odd the title is right hand adjusted 33 TSC Text Processor User s Manual Version 2 4 DM HD SP 2 IF E TL EVEN TITLE hE On TI ODD RLTLE SP 2 NS OS AT 1 HD Subtitles may be used by simply placing a second TL command which contains the subtitle The last header example is for those using a printer which uses separat sheets of paper as opposed to continuous fed This macro will issue a message to the terminal which instructs the operator to insert a new sheet of paper before each page of text is processed The paper should be set up such that the first line printed will be the top line of the paper The operator will have to type a character on the terminal after each stop to restart the processor Remember that typing an S will halt the processor DM HD TM INSERT NEW SHEET ST SP 2 sf MURET SP 2 NS OS Gl AT 1 HD Footer macros are similar to headers except they are set to execute at the bottom of a page For example specifying AT 6 FO would cause the macro called FO to automatically execute at the 6th line from the bottom of the page The first footer gives a five line bottom margin with the pag nu
46. s to be passed to the output E i No command interpretation or processing is done and o u nce in this mode the remaining text will be passed ntil the end of the input file is reached RP Repeat processing on file This command will cause the file to be rewound and all processing to be repeated T his is useful for some form letter type applications DH Print the next line in double height characters This feature requires special hardware on the output device Consult Adaptions for details DW Print the next line in double width characters Requires special hardware DB Print next line in both double height and double width characters Requires special hardware XII EXTERNAL COMMUNICATION Two commands exist which allow for communication between the processor and the user during actual text processing The IM command is useful for sending special instructions to the terminal such as paper adjustment or character font change information The GI command can be used in form letter preparation or insertion of special text strings while processing is taking place TM ST Send a message to the terminal ST may be any string of characters or words The leading blanks are ignored The message is simply output to the terminal and may be used befor th Stop command to issue special instructions GI ST Get input from the terminal If ST is present any string it is output to the termi
47. s performed It is important to note that fill must be on in order for the justification to be performed but fill may be on by itself If fill mode is off characters are passed exactly as they appear on the input file BR Break the line currently being filled in the buffer The line is output after specified justification is done but no further filling or padding is attempted Input lines beginning with spaces and empty text lines blank lines also cause a break FI Fill mode is turned on and subsequent output lines are filled This command causes a break NF Turn off fill mode nofill Following input lines are neither filled or justified but are copied to the output exactly as they appear on input without regard to the current line length Causes a line break lt JU G Justification is enabled If fill mode is off adjusting will be deferred until it is back on If the justify type character MOT is present the justification type is set as follows N sets for normal default left and right R sets right only justify and C will center lines both margins ragged If the type character is absent justification is turned back on with the type previously used No break is caused 18 NJ CE N TEEN TSC Text Processor User s Manual Version 2 4 Turn justification off If fill is on the resultant output line will have a straight left and a ragged right
48. t trap FN can only occur if the footer trap is moved up by the occurrence of a footnote The last lines switch to environment one and initialize it for a line length of 55 and auto increment of one Environment switching is a feature supported by many of the more powerful text processors which allows all of the major environment parameters to change simultaneously 10 TSC Text Processor User s Manual Version 2 4 As a final example of how a text processor can be used a sample section of text will be given The text is shown first with the commands and then as the text processor would output the final copy CP JSP 2 CE 2 TEST OF SEVERAL PROCESSOR COMMANDS oP SL S THIS EXAMPLE SHOWS HOW COMMANDS AND TEXT CAN BE INTERMIXED FOR LATER PROCESSING BY A TEXT PROCESSOR THE EXAMPLE STARTED BY CENTERING TWO LINES FOLLOWED BY A SINGLE INDENT TO SIGNIFY THE START OF A PARAGRAPH THE CAPITALIZATION MODE IS ON AND THE UPPER CASE SHIFT CHARACTERS ARE BEING USED oP LM 10 LN 45 THE ADJUST MODE WAS JUST CHANGED TO CENTERING ELL AS A LINE LENGTH OF 45 THE LEFT MARGIN WAS SET TO 10 TO GIVE A NICELY CENTERED NARROW LINE SPECIAL EFFECTS LIKE THESE ARE EASILY ACCOMPLISHED D n eal
49. the input lines directly to the output It should be noted that fill must be on for any justification to occur The justification feature may be turned off using NJ for no justification or the type of justification may be set using JU X The X is the selection character and may be null which turns justification on in the mode it was previously defined it may be R for right hand C for centered or N for normal left right Left justification is obtained by turning fill on and justification off Unpaddable spaces are characters which appear as spaces on the output but are not recognized as such by the processor This means these spaces will not be spread out by the justification routines 2 TSC Text Processor User s Manual Version 2 4 Another environmental parameter is the capitalization mode This is a special feature found only on the TSC Text Processing System and allows an upper case only terminal to be used for preparation of text which will later be output on a hardcopy device having lower case capabilities The commands CP and NC turn this feature on and off respectively If this mode is on all letters are automatically converted to lower case unless preceded by a The should be thought of as a typewriter shift key in its function Another feature also enabled in this mode is similar to the shift and lock on a typewriter By typing a 4 all characters following will be upper
50. tic macro execution at that point by using the AT command During macro definition number registers are not expanded into numeric values they are at the time the macro is executed No other special character translation is done during macro definitions e g tab expansion etc Keep in mind that macros may be any combination of commands macro calls and text but a macro may not define another macro it may create a diversion 20 TSC Text Processor User s Manual Version 2 4 A diversion is treated as a macro upon execution but is created in a different manner Processed output may be diverted into a macro space for such purposes as footnote processing or vertical pag Siz determination for conditional changing of page parameters number register V contains the last diversion line count All normal processing takes place during a diversion except left margins It is standard practice to read back the diverted text in nofill mode to suppress further line processing If at any time during macro definitions or diversion creation the macro space is overflowed a system error will be generated and processing will be halted None of the macro commands cause breaks in the line filling DM XX Define or redefine a macro with the character name XX The actual macro begins with the next input line The macro definition is copied until the termination string is found starting in column 1 Macros may not contain DM requests
51. tles etc The trap allows the user to specify a certain line on the output page where a specific macro is to be executed To solve the title problem stated above it is convenient to define two macros a header macro and a footer macro The purpose of the header is to perform a sequence of commands to make the top of each new page appear the same Th footer macro works at the bottom of each page Suppose it was required that the top of each pag hav thr blank lines followed by a centered title and the bottom of each is to contain a centered page number between dashes The following macros and trap placement would satisfy this requirement DM HD SP 73 TL Page Title SSP 3 DM FT ISP 3 Pal Ba Ey 1 PG AT 1 HD AT 7 FT The DM command is used to define a macro and the first one listed in th xampl defines th header macro called HD The header macro will space down 3 lines without causing a break since the no break control character was used print a centered title and finally print 3 more blank lines without causing a break The last line of the header macro definition is and is the command for terminating a macro definition The second macro defined is FT and is used for the footer Upon execution it will space down 3 lines without a break print a 5 TSC Text Processor User s Manual Version 2 4 centered page number and eject to the next page The AT commands were us
52. to 20 tab stops may be defined and should be set in ascending order Initially no tab stops are defined and the tab character is null Any non alphanumeric character may be defined as the tab character It should be noted that using tabs with the fill mode turned on can result in nonsensical output tab fields since the user may not know what the current output column is TA N Tab stop settings The default tab stops are all null none and a total of 20 may be defined The stop values may be separated by spaces commas or any other nonnumerics e g TA 10 20 25 40 TE C Set the tab fill character This is normally the unpaddable space character but may be defined to any nonnumeric printable character If C is not specified the fill defaults to the unpaddable space character sTC C Define the tab character Initially the tab character is null none but may be defined to any nonnumeric printable character If C is not specified the tab character again becomes null 23 TSC Text Processor User s Manual Version 2 4 VIII THREE PART TITLES Very convenient titling may be performed by using the TL command Three fields may be used for left centered and right justification of titles All 3 fields may be used or any combination of fields The justification is done with respect to the title length which is independent of the defined line length This length is initially 65 columns The use of TL has no effect
53. ues to user definable number registers AU N Set the auto increment amount to N Any time a register is referenced as X the AU value will be added to it prior to its actual use AR Arabic numbers See below CR Capital upper case Roman numbers See below SR Small lower case Roman numbers Number registers will subsequently be converted into Arabic capital Roman or small Roman respectively This mode is initially Arabic and also applies to the outputting of page numbers using the 22 TSC Text Processor User s Manual Version 2 4 The following is a list of the system and user definable number register names Register eaning A B User definable Cc Current column count D Day of the month E End of data file flag User definable GI amp RI character count User def Current indent User def Current line length onth Line count on page A Current left margin Current page length User def Last diversion line count User def Year 2 digits User def Page number l zG N K lt 0 VC ZEB FP GH BA x ole VII TABS AND TAB CHARACTERS The currently defined horizontal tab character is replaced by the required number of fill characters corresponding to the distance to the next defined tab stop column on the line currently being filled The fill character is normally the unpaddable space character but may be defined by using the TF command Up
54. which allows the user to read and access certain system parameters including the date page number current indent left margin current column position current line on the page and line length The second typ ar user definable and can be used exactly as variables would be used in a program Number registers are the singl letters A Z and the percent sign already introduced Several other number register features are supported by the TSC processor including auto increment assigning values to the registers use in expressions as seen in the IF command and the ability to print any register on the output in either Arabic capital Roman or small Roman numerals Some processors including TSC s allow communication between the processor and the operator during actual text processing Three of these commands take on the following form Sor TM any string GI any string he first command will stop the processing and print STOP on he user s terminal This may be desirable if special paper ositioning is required or other special action is needed When he processor has been stopped it may be restarted by typing any haracter on the terminal except an S which will halt rocessing The second command listed will send any string to he terminal as a special message It may b used befor th STOP command to issue special instructions to the operator The last command will Get Input from the terminal and insert it into the output
55. y readable and neat which are desirable features of any printed matter Just what can be done with text processors The simplest functions perform exact page fitting In other words if the text page should have one inch margins with a page number centered at the bottom of each page and perhaps a special title at the top of each the processor will automatically provide these given the appropriate commands Line justification is another feature provided Several types are available which include left hand justification left edge straight right edge ragged right hand only justification left ragged right straight left and right both edges are straight and center justification both edges ragged but lines centered An xtensiv text processor will provide features which will allow special operations such as footnote processing The TSC Text Processing System supports all of the above features To gain some insight into the use of a text processor several specific examples will be given using the TSC Text Processor s command set The commands used by text processors vary from system to system but many are used in the same fashion The TSC Text Processor uses an intermixed command and text method To issue a particular command to the processor it is necessary to start the command in column number one of a new line and begin the command with the control character a period This is the method used
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