NI PXI/PCI-1422 User Manual
Contents
1. 1999 2007 National Instruments Corporation All rights reserved Important Information Warranty The NI PXI PCI 1411 is warranted against defects in materials and workmanship for a period of one year from the date of shipment as evidenced by receipts or other documentation National Instruments will at its option repair or replace equipment that proves to be defective during the warranty period This warranty includes parts and labor The media on which you receive National Instruments software are warranted not to fail to execute programming instructions due to defects in materials and workmanship for a period of 90 days from date of shipment as evidenced by receipts or other documentation National Instruments will at its option repair or replace software media that do not execute programming instructions if National Instruments receives notice of such defects during the warranty period National Instruments does not warrant that the operation of the software shall be uninterrupted or error free A Return Material Authorization RMA number must be obtained from the factory and clearly marked on the outside of the package before any equipment will be accepted for warranty work National Instruments will pay the shipping costs of returning to the owner parts which are covered by warranty National Instruments believes that the information in this document is accurate The document has been carefully reviewed for technical accuracy In2. cece eeaeee eiei ri 2 4 Video ACqUISION si s2 bs nei alana inti bisa yt iets 2 5 Start Conditions S225 4 oc is tecbe eens Gentes wh eh Ave ete eat Bet 2 5 Acquisition Window Control 0 cece eeeecesscecceseceeeeseseeeesecseeeseeseeeaseneenaeeaes 2 5 Chapter 3 Signal Connections T O COMME CON cesses Seecaig las hock E E sain eveetaacantaeeee 3 1 Signal Descriptions eini a en eea eokb cde cdvesovsauacescelpl E E edaas EE 3 3 National Instruments Corporation vij NI PXI PCI 1422 User Manual Contents Appendix A Technical Support and Professional Services Glossary Index NI PXI PCI 1422 User Manual viii ni com Introduction This chapter describes the NI PXI PCI 1422 NI 1422 image acquisition device and your software programming choices About the NI 1422 The NI 1422 is an image acquisition device for PXI PCI and CompactPCI chassis that supports a diverse range of digital cameras from several different camera companies The NI 1422 acquires digital images in real time and can store the images in onboard frame memory or transfer them directly to system memory The device can capture up to 16 bits of data at a time at clock speeds up to 40 MHz The NI 1422 is simple to configure and is factory calibrated so that you can easily install the device and begin acquiring images The NI 1422 ships with NI Vision Acquisition Software which includes NI IMAQ the National Instruments driver software you can use t
3. the board acquires only a selected subset of the acquisition window 2 5 NI PXI PCI 1422 User Manual Chapter 2 Hardware Overview NI PXI PCI 1422 User Manual Scaling down The scaling down circuitry also controls the active acquisition region The NI 1422 can scale down a frame by reducing the number of pixels per line the number of lines per frame or both For active pixel selection the NI 1422 can select every pixel every other pixel every fourth pixel or every eighth pixel For active line selection the NI 1422 can select every line every other line every fourth line or every eighth line You can use the scaling down circuitry in conjunction with the region of interest circuitry Interlaced video The NI 1422 supports both interlaced and noninterlaced digital video signals In interlaced mode the NI 1422 combines the odd and even fields into one contiguous frame for analysis In noninterlaced mode each field is treated as an independent frame 2 6 ni com Signal Connections This chapter describes signal connections for the NI 1422 1 0 Connector The NI 1422 100 pin SCSI type connector connects to all digital video data inputs digital enable inputs camera control outputs RS 232 serial interface and the external trigger signals To access these connections you can build your own custom cable or use one of the optional cables from National Instruments 3 Note Refer to the National Instruments Web site
4. A 1 PXI using with compactPCI 1 2 R RS 232 serial interface 2 3 S scatter gather DMA controllers 2 4 SCSI pin assignments 3 2 SDRAM 2 3 signal connections T O connector 3 1 software NI resources A 1 software programming choices NI Vision 1 4 NI IMAQ driver software 1 3 Vision Builder AI 1 4 NI PXI PCI 1422 User Manual T technical support A 1 training and certification NI resources A 1 troubleshooting NI resources A 1 V video acquisition 2 5 Vision Builder AI migrating to LabVIEW 1 4 W Web resources A 1 ni com
5. Used Not Used Not Used Not Used Not Used Not Used Not Used Not Used Not Used Not Used Not Used Not Used Not Used Not Used Not Used Not Used Not Used Not Used Not Used Not Used Not Used Not Used Not Used Not Used RI RS 232 DTR RS 232 DSR RS 232 RTS RS 232 CTS RS 232 DCD RS 232 Master Clock1 Master Clock1 Master Clock0 Master ClockO SOUT RS 232 SIN RS 232 External TriggerO External Trigger1 External Trigger2 External Trigger3 GND GND Figure 3 1 NI 1422 Pin Assignments ni com Chapter 3 Signal Connections Signal Descriptions Signal Name Table 3 1 describes each signal connection on the 100 pin SCSI type connector Table 3 1 1 0 Connector Signals Description Control lt 0 3 gt You can use the control lines on the NI 1422 to control digital camera features and timing information Either static or dynamic TTL or differential signals can be generated on these lines to perform such functions as generating integration or shutter pulses to the digital cameras CTS Clear to Send is used for RS 232 connections Data lt 0 15 gt Data lt 0 15 gt allows you to connect data up to 16 bits wide in differential format to the NI 1422 DCD Data Carrier Detect is used for RS 232 connections DSR Data Set Ready is used for RS 232 connections DTR Data Terminal Ready is used for RS 232 connections Enable lt A D
6. product could be subject to restrictions in the FCC rules In Canada the Department of Communications DOC of Industry Canada regulates wireless interference in much the same way Digital electronics emit weak signals during normal operation that can affect radio television or other wireless products All Class A products display a simple warning statement of one paragraph in length regarding interference and undesired operation The FCC rules have restrictions regarding the locations where FCC Class A products can be operated Consult the FCC Web site at www fcc gov for more information FCC DOC Warnings This equipment generates and uses radio frequency energy and if not installed and used in strict accordance with the instructions in this manual and the CE marking Declaration of Conformity may cause interference to radio and television reception Classification requirements are the same for the Federal Communications Commission FCC and the Canadian Department of Communications DOC Changes or modifications not expressly approved by NI could void the user s authority to operate the equipment under the FCC Rules Class A Federal Communications Commission This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class A digital device pursuant to part 15 of the FCC Rules These limits are designed to provide reasonable protection against harmful interference when the equipment is operated in a commercial envi
7. the event that technical or typographical errors exist National Instruments reserves the right to make changes to subsequent editions of this document without prior notice to holders of this edition The reader should consult National Instruments if errors are suspected In no event shall National Instruments be liable for any damages arising out of or related to this document or the information contained in it EXCEPT AS SPECIFIED HEREIN NATIONAL INSTRUMENTS MAKES NO WARRANTIES EXPRESS OR IMPLIED AND SPECIFICALLY DISCLAIMS ANY WARRANTY OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE CUSTOMER S RIGHT TO RECOVER DAMAGES CAUSED BY FAULT OR NEGLIGENCE ON THE PART OF NATIONAL INSTRUMENTS SHALL BE LIMITED TO THE AMOUNT THERETOFORE PAID BY THE CUSTOMER NATIONAL INSTRUMENTS WILL NOT BE LIABLE FOR DAMAGES RESULTING FROM LOSS OF DATA PROFITS USE OF PRODUCTS OR INCIDENTAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY THEREOF This limitation of the liability of National Instruments will apply regardless of the form of action whether in contract or tort including negligence Any action against National Instruments must be brought within one year after the cause of action accrues National Instruments shall not be liable for any delay in performance due to causes beyond its reasonable control The warranty provided herein does not cover damages defects malfunctions or service failures caused by owner s failure to follow the National I
8. E RISK OF BODILY INJURY AND DEATH SHOULD NOT BE RELIANT SOLELY UPON ONE FORM OF ELECTRONIC SYSTEM DUE TO THE RISK OF SYSTEM FAILURE TO AVOID DAMAGE INJURY OR DEATH THE USER OR APPLICATION DESIGNER MUST TAKE REASONABLY PRUDENT STEPS TO PROTECT AGAINST SYSTEM FAILURES INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO BACK UP OR SHUT DOWN MECHANISMS BECAUSE EACH END USER SYSTEM IS CUSTOMIZED AND DIFFERS FROM NATIONAL INSTRUMENTS TESTING PLATFORMS AND BECAUSE A USER OR APPLICATION DESIGNER MAY USE NATIONAL INSTRUMENTS PRODUCTS IN COMBINATION WITH OTHER PRODUCTS IN A MANNER NOT EVALUATED OR CONTEMPLATED BY NATIONAL INSTRUMENTS THE USER OR APPLICATION DESIGNER IS ULTIMATELY RESPONSIBLE FOR VERIFYING AND VALIDATING THE SUITABILITY OF NATIONAL INSTRUMENTS PRODUCTS WHENEVER NATIONAL INSTRUMENTS PRODUCTS ARE INCORPORATED IN A SYSTEM OR APPLICATION INCLUDING WITHOUT LIMITATION THE APPROPRIATE DESIGN PROCESS AND SAFETY LEVEL OF SUCH SYSTEM OR APPLICATION Compliance Compliance with FCC Canada Radio Frequency Interference Regulations Determining FCC Class The Federal Communications Commission FCC has rules to protect wireless communications from interference The FCC places digital electronics into two classes These classes are known as Class A for use in industrial commercial locations only or Class B for use in residential or commercial locations All National Instruments NI products are FCC Class A products Depending on where it is operated this Class A
9. I bus Each of these controllers supports scatter gather DMA which allows the DMA controller to reconfigure on the fly Thus the NI 1422 can perform continuous image transfers directly to either contiguous or fragmented memory buffers Bus Master PCI Interface The NI 1422 implements the PCI interface with a National Instruments custom application specific integrated circuit ASIC the PCI MITE The PCI interface can transfer data at a maximum rate of 132 Mbytes s in bus master mode The NI 1422 can generate 8 16 and 32 bit memory read and write cycles both single and multiple In slave mode the NI 1422 is amedium speed decoder that accepts both memory and configuration cycles The interface logic ensures that the NI 1422 can meet PCI loading driving and timing requirements Board Configuration NVRAM The NI 1422 contains onboard nonvolatile RAM NVRAM that configures all registers on power up NI PXI PCI 1422 User Manual 2 4 ni com Video Acquisition Chapter 2 Hardware Overview The NI 1422 can acquire digital video in a variety of modes and store the images in the onboard SDRAM memory or transfer the images directly to PCI system memory Start Conditions The NI 1422 can start acquisitions in a variety of conditions Software control The NI 1422 supports software control of acquisition start You can configure the NI 1422 to capture a fixed number of fields or frames This configuration is useful for capturing a sin
10. NI Vision NI PXI PCI 1422 User Manual High Quality Image Acquisition Device February 2007 lt 7 NATIONAL 372158D 01 INSTRUMENTS Worldwide Technical Support and Product Information ni com National Instruments Corporate Headquarters 11500 North Mopac Expressway Austin Texas 78759 3504 USA Tel 512 683 0100 Worldwide Offices Australia 1800 300 800 Austria 43 662 457990 0 Belgium 32 0 2 757 0020 Brazil 55 11 3262 3599 Canada 800 433 3488 China 86 21 6555 7838 Czech Republic 420 224 235 774 Denmark 45 45 76 26 00 Finland 385 0 9 725 72511 France 33 0 1 48 14 24 24 Germany 49 89 7413130 India 91 80 41190000 Israel 972 3 6393737 Italy 39 02 413091 Japan 81 3 5472 2970 Korea 82 02 3451 3400 Lebanon 961 0 1 33 28 28 Malaysia 1800 887710 Mexico 01 800 010 0793 Netherlands 31 0 348 433 466 New Zealand 0800 553 322 Norway 47 0 66 90 76 60 Poland 48 22 3390150 Portugal 351 210 311 210 Russia 7 495 783 6851 Singapore 1800 226 5886 Slovenia 386 3 425 42 00 South Africa 27 0 11 805 8197 Spain 34 91 640 0085 Sweden 46 0 8 587 895 00 Switzerland 41 56 2005151 Taiwan 886 02 2377 2222 Thailand 662 278 6777 Turkey 90 212 279 3031 United Kingdom 44 0 1635 523545 For further support information refer to the Technical Support and Professional Services appendix To comment on National Instruments documentation refer to the National Instruments Web site at ni com info and enter the info code feedback
11. Percent Positive of or plus Per Q Ohm Plus or minus Negative of or minus A Amperes AC Alternating current acquisition window The image size specific to a video standard or camera resolution National Instruments Corporation G 1 NI PXI PCI 1422 User Manual Glossary active line region active pixel region address ANSI API area array ASIC buffer bus cache CMOS NI PXI PCI 1422 User Manual The region of lines actively being stored Defined by a line start relative to the vertical synchronization signal and a line count The region of pixels actively being stored Defined by a pixel start relative to the horizontal synchronization signal and a pixel count Value that identifies a specific location or series of locations in memory American National Standards Institute Application programming interface A rectangular portion of an acquisition window or frame that is controlled and defined by software Ordered indexed set of data elements of the same type Application Specific Integrated Circuit A proprietary semiconductor component designed and manufactured to perform a set of specific functions for specific customer needs Bit One binary digit either 0 or 1 Byte Eight related bits of data an eight bit binary number also used to denote the amount of memory required to store one byte of data Temporary storage for acquired data A group of conductors that in
12. SIN Serial Data In is used for RS 232 connections SOUT Serial Data Out is used for RS 232 connections NI PXI PCI 1422 User Manual 3 4 ni com Technical Support and Professional Services Visit the following sections of the National Instruments Web site at ni com for technical support and professional services National Instruments Corporation Support Online technical support resources at ni com support include the following Self Help Resources For answers and solutions visit the award winning National Instruments Web site for software drivers and updates a searchable KnowledgeBase product manuals step by step troubleshooting wizards thousands of example programs tutorials application notes instrument drivers and so on Free Technical Support Al registered users receive free Basic Service which includes access to hundreds of Application Engineers worldwide in the NI Discussion Forums at ni com forums National Instruments Application Engineers make sure every question receives an answer For information about other technical support options in your area visit ni com services or contact your local office at ni com contact Training and Certification Visit ni com training for self paced training eLearning virtual classrooms interactive CDs and Certification program information You also can register for instructor led hands on courses at locations around the world Sy
13. e no agency partnership or joint venture relationship with National Instruments Patents For patents covering National Instruments products refer to the appropriate location Help Patents in your software the patents txt file on your CD or ni com patents WARNING REGARDING USE OF NATIONAL INSTRUMENTS PRODUCTS 1 NATIONAL INSTRUMENTS PRODUCTS ARE NOT DESIGNED WITH COMPONENTS AND TESTING FOR A LEVEL OF RELIABILITY SUITABLE FOR USE IN OR IN CONNECTION WITH SURGICAL IMPLANTS OR AS CRITICAL COMPONENTS IN ANY LIFE SUPPORT SYSTEMS WHOSE FAILURE TO PERFORM CAN REASONABLY BE EXPECTED TO CAUSE SIGNIFICANT INJURY TO A HUMAN 2 IN ANY APPLICATION INCLUDING THE ABOVE RELIABILITY OF OPERATION OF THE SOFTWARE PRODUCTS CAN BE IMPAIRED BY ADVERSE FACTORS INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO FLUCTUATIONS IN ELECTRICAL POWER SUPPLY COMPUTER HARDWARE MALFUNCTIONS COMPUTER OPERATING SYSTEM SOFTWARE FITNESS FITNESS OF COMPILERS AND DEVELOPMENT SOFTWARE USED TO DEVELOP AN APPLICATION INSTALLATION ERRORS SOFTWARE AND HARDWARE COMPATIBILITY PROBLEMS MALFUNCTIONS OR FAILURES OF ELECTRONIC MONITORING OR CONTROL DEVICES TRANSIENT FAILURES OF ELECTRONIC SYSTEMS HARDWARE AND OR SOFTWARE UNANTICIPATED USES OR MISUSES OR ERRORS ON THE PART OF THE USER OR APPLICATIONS DESIGNER ADVERSE FACTORS SUCH AS THESE ARE HEREAFTER COLLECTIVELY TERMED SYSTEM FAILURES ANY APPLICATION WHERE A SYSTEM FAILURE WOULD CREATE A RISK OF HARM TO PROPERTY OR PERSONS INCLUDING TH
14. enhancement data inversion gamma manipulation or other nonlinear transfer functions NI PXI PCI 1422 User Manual 2 2 ni com Chapter 2 Hardware Overview Multiple Tap Data Formatter Many digital cameras transfer multiple channels or taps of data simultaneously to increase the frame rate of the camera However the data in each tap may not be transferred in the traditional top left to bottom right direction Also the taps may not transfer data in similar directions The multiple tap data formatting circuitry on the NI 1422 can reorder the data from up to two 8 bit taps The data from each tap can be independently scanned either from left to right or right to left and top to bottom or bottom to top SDRAM The NI 1422 comes with 32 MB of onboard high speed synchronous dynamic RAM SDRAM Advanced Clock Generation The advanced clock generation circuitry on the NI 1422 generates frequencies from 500 kHz to 40 MHz for digital cameras that require an external clock RS 232 Serial Interface UART You can use the RS 232 serial interface on the 100 pin SCSI type connector to control digital cameras that also have a serial interface for camera control and configuration 3 Note The RS 232 serial interface is accessible only via the NI IMAQ driver software Trigger Control and Mapping Circuitry The trigger control and mapping circuitry routes monitors and drives the external and RTSI bus trigger lines You can configure each o
15. evice is still compatible as long as those pins on the sub bus are disabled by default and are never enabled Damage may result if these lines are driven by the sub bus Table 1 1 Pins Used by the NI PXI 1422 Device PXI 1422 Signal PXI Pin Name PXI J2 Pin Number RTSI Trigger lt 0 6 gt PXI Trigger lt 0 6 gt B16 A16 A17 A18 B18 C18 E18 1 2 ni com Chapter 1 Introduction Software Overview Programming the NI 1422 requires the NI IMAQ driver software for controlling the hardware National Instruments also offers the following application software packages for analyzing and processing your acquired images e Vision Builder for Automated Inspection AI Allows you to configure solutions to common inspection tasks e National Instruments Vision Development Module Provides customized control over hardware and algorithms The following sections provide an overview of the driver software and the application software For detailed information about individual software packages refer to the documentation specific to each package NI IMAQ Driver Software The NI 1422 ships with NI Vision Acquisition Software which includes the NI IMAQ driver software NI IMAQ has an extensive library of functions such as routines for video configuration continuous and single shot image acquisition memory buffer allocation trigger control and device configuration you can call from the application developmen
16. f these lines to start an acquisition on a rising or falling edge In addition you can drive each line asserted or unasserted similar to a digital I O line You can also map pulses from the high speed timing circuitry or many of the NI 1422 status signals to these trigger lines There are four external and four RTSI bus triggers You can program each of these triggers in polarity and direction National Instruments Corporation 2 3 NI PXI PCI 1422 User Manual Chapter 2 Hardware Overview High Speed Timing The high speed timing circuitry on the NI 1422 built from high speed counters allows you to specify or generate precise real time control signals You can map the output of this circuitry to a trigger line to provide accurate pulses and pulse trains Acquisition Scaling ROI The acquisition scaling and region of interest ROI circuitry monitors the incoming video signals and routes the active pixels to the multiple tap data formatter and SDRAM memory The NI 1422 can perform ROI and scaling on all video lines and frames Pixel and line scaling transfers certain multiples two four or eight of pixels and lines to onboard memory In an ROI acquisition you select an area within the acquisition window to transfer to the PCI bus Scatter Gather DMA Controllers The NI 1422 uses three independent onboard direct memory access DMA controllers The DMA controllers transfer data between the onboard SDRAM memory buffers and the PC
17. ge In interlaced formats a frame is composed of two fields Feet Hour Represents the dominant color of a pixel The hue function is a continuous function that covers all the possible colors generated using the R G and B primaries See also RGB Hertz Frequency in units of 1 second Input output The transfer of data to from a computer system involving communications channels operator interface devices and or data acquisition and control interfaces Integrated circuit G 4 ni com IEEE in instrument driver interlaced interrupt interrupt level IRQ K kbytes s Kword L line count LSB LUT National Instruments Corporation G 5 Glossary Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inches A set of high level software functions such as NI IMAQ that control specific plug in computer boards Instrument drivers are available in several forms ranging from a function callable from a programming language to a virtual instrument VI in LabVIEW A video frame composed of two interleaved fields The number of lines in a field are half the number of lines in an interlaced frame A computer signal indicating that the CPU should suspend its current task to service a designated activity The relative priority at which a device can interrupt Interrupt request See also interrupt Kilo The standard metric prefix for 1 000 or 103 used with units of measure such as volts hertz and
18. gle frame or a sequence of frames Trigger control You can start an acquisition by enabling external or RTSI bus trigger lines Each of these 11 inputs can start a video acquisition on a rising or falling edge You can use all four external triggers and up to four RTSI bus triggers simultaneously Delayed acquisition You can use either software or triggers to start acquisitions instantaneously or after skipping a specific number of images Frame field selection With an interlaced camera and the NI 1422 in frame mode you can program the NI 1422 to start an acquisition on any odd or even field Acquisition Window Control You can configure numerous parameters on the NI 1422 to control the video acquisition window A brief description of each parameter follows National Instruments Corporation Acquisition window The NI 1422 allows the user to specify a particular region of active pixels and active lines within the incoming video data The active pixel region selects the starting pixel and number of pixels to be acquired relative to the assertion edge of the horizontal or line enable signal from the camera The active line region selects the starting line and number of lines to be acquired relative to the assertion edge of the vertical or frame enable signal Region of interest The NI 1422 uses a second level of active pixel and active line regions for selecting a region of interest Using the region of interest circuitry
19. gt The NI 1422 can receive any combination of up to four enable signals These signals can be either TTL or differential Examples of camera signals which might be connected to these pins are frame enable line enable even enable and odd enable If your camera has a separate field signal that line should be connected to Enable C External Trigger lt 0 3 gt External Trigger lt 0 3 gt are TTL I O lines used to start an acquisition or output to control external events You can program the triggers to be rising edge or falling edge sensitive You can also program the triggers to be programmatically asserted or unasserted similar to the function of a digital I O line or to contain internal status signals by using the onboard events or specific pulse widths GND GND is a direct connection to digital ground on the NI 1422 Master Clock lt 0 1 gt You can use these two sets of pins to generate a master clock signal for your digital camera Possible clock frequencies range from 500 kHz to 40 MHz Pixel Clock RI The NI 1422 uses the Pixel Clock input as a reference clock to latch the incoming video data Ring Indicator is used for RS 232 connections National Instruments Corporation 3 3 NI PXI PCI 1422 User Manual Chapter 3 Signal Connections Table 3 1 1 0 Connector Signals Continued Signal Name Description RTS Request to Send is used for RS 232 connections
20. ignal name for example AO lt 3 0 gt The symbol leads you through nested menu items and dialog box options to a final action The sequence File Page Setup Options directs you to pull down the File menu select the Page Setup item and select Options from the last dialog box This icon denotes a note which alerts you to important information This icon denotes a caution which advises you of precautions to take to avoid injury data loss or a system crash When symbol is marked on a product it denotes a warning advising you to take precautions to avoid electrical shock Italic text denotes variables emphasis a cross reference or an introduction to a key concept Italic text also denotes text that is a placeholder for a word or value that you must supply Text in this font denotes text or characters that you should enter from the keyboard sections of code programming examples and syntax examples This font is also used for the proper names of disk drives paths directories programs subprograms subroutines device names functions operations variables filenames and extensions Contents Chapter 1 Introduction About the NETAZ acces oe sed a a eira tar aa E aae ra EET 1 1 Using PXI with CompactPCI senina e a e E N aa a a 1 2 SoftWare OVE eW tiae a R E A E E E EE i a S 1 3 NI IMAQ Driver Software cccccccsccccssseceesneeeesneeenseeessseeessseeesseeeessneeensaeees 1 3 National Instruments Applicatio
21. ing tool for machine vision and scientific imaging developers With Vision Assistant you can prototype vision applications quickly and test how various vision image processing functions work 1 4 ni com Chapter 1 Introduction Vision Assistant generates a Builder file which is a text description containing a recipe of the machine vision and image processing functions This Builder file provides a guide you can use for developing applications in any ADE such as LabWindows CVI or Visual Basic using the Vision Assistant machine vision and image processing libraries Using the LabVIEW VI creation wizard Vision Assistant can create LabVIEW VI block diagrams that perform the prototype you created in Vision Assistant You then can use LabVIEW to add functionality to the generated VI Integration with DAQ and Motion Control Platforms that support NI IMAQ also support NI DAQ and a variety of National Instruments DAQ devices This allows integration between image acquisition devices and National Instruments DAQ products Use National Instruments high performance stepper and servo motion control products with pattern matching software in inspection and guidance applications such as locating alignment markers on semiconductor wafers guiding robotic arms inspecting the quality of manufactured parts and locating cells National Instruments Corporation 1 5 NI PXI PCI 1422 User Manual Hardware Overview This chapter presents an overview
22. meters Kilo The prefix for 1 024 or 2 used with B in quantifying data or computer memory A unit for data transfer that means 1 000 or 10 bytes s 1 024 words of memory The total number of horizontal lines in the picture Least significant bit Lookup table Table containing values used to transform the gray level values of an image For each gray level value in the image the corresponding new value is obtained from the lookup table NI PXI PCI 1422 User Manual Glossary MB Mbytes s memory buffer memory window MSB MTBF mux N NLIMAQ noninterlaced NTSC NVRAM 0 operating system NI PXI PCI 1422 User Manual Meters 1 Mega the standard metric prefix for 1 million or 10 when used with units of measure such as volts and hertz 2 mega the prefix for 1 048 576 or 220 when used with B to quantify data or computer memory Megabyte of memory A unit for data transfer that means 1 million or 10 bytes s See buffer Continuous blocks of memory that can be accessed quickly by changing addresses on the local processor Most significant bit Mean time between failure Multiplexer A switching device with multiple inputs that selectively connects one of its inputs to its output Driver software for National Instruments image acquisition hardware A video frame where all the lines are scanned sequentially instead of divided into two frames as in an interlaced video frame Nati
23. n Software s essseesseessereresrsrrsresrsresrsresresree 1 4 Vision Builder for Automated Inspection ssessessesseeseeseeseesereeeeee 1 4 Vision Development Module esceeecsescceseeeseeeeseeenceeseeceneeeneeeeaee 1 4 Integration with DAQ and Motion Control ssssessessseeseressrsrrsssrsresrsresresrss 1 5 Chapter 2 Hardware Overview Functional Overview i esis rera rer n a a e a e ad ea r 2 1 Differential TTL Level Converters ccccsccecsseceesseceseneceseneeeesneeessseeeeseeens 2 2 E DA EEE tats Gets Mite age A ener 2 2 Multiple Tap Data Formatter oie cece ceeceeeeseesseeseceeeeaeenseesesneeeaeenaes 2 3 SDRAM i 2sasch2h Letets cat Rishe thea cei etiitadana cantik ati dis tails 2 3 Advanced Clock Generation ccccccceccsscessseeseseeeesseeessseeesseeeseseeessneeesseeees 2 3 RS 232 Serial Interface UART ec eccsscccssceeesseeeessneeeeseeeesseeessseeeessneeess 2 3 Trigger Control and Mapping Circuitry eee eee eeceeceeeereeseeeeeeseenseeaeeaes 2 3 High Speed Timing acs sc cc cessacassecustet ann sorsra seo era Ee aa Ea aa EEEa a ERSS 2 4 Acquisition Scaling ROL sssesssesssesssesrssesreersrestssrsrsstsresreresteresresreresreneneesrs 2 4 Scatter Gather DMA Controllers cccccccsscesssceeeseeeseneecssneeeesseeeeseeeseneeenses 2 4 Bus Master PCI Interface ccccccccccessccesseeeeeseeeeesneeessseecsseeeessseeesseeessneeens 2 4 Board Configuration NVRAM uu
24. n hardware captures For detailed specifications of the NI 1422 refer to the Specifications section of Getting Started with the NI PXI PCI 1422 Using PXI with CompactPCI NI PXI PCI 1422 User Manual Using PXI compatible products with standard CompactPCI products is an important feature provided by the PXI Specification Revision 1 0 If you use a PXI compatible plug in device in a standard CompactPCI chassis you will be unable to use PXI specific functions but you can still use the basic plug in device functions For example the RTSI bus on the NI PXI 1422 device is available in a PXI chassis but not in a CompactPCI chassis The CompactPCI specification permits vendors to develop sub buses that coexist with the basic PCI interface on the CompactPCI bus Compatible operation is not guaranteed between CompactPCI devices with different sub buses or between CompactPCI devices with sub buses and PXI The standard implementation for CompactPCI does not include these sub buses The NI PXI 1422 device works in any standard CompactPCI chassis adhering to the PICMG 2 0 R2 1 CompactPCI core specification using the 64 bit definition for J2 PXI specific features are implemented on the J2 connector of the CompactPCI bus Table 1 1 lists the J2 pins the NI PXI 1422 device uses The PXI device is compatible with any CompactPCI chassis with a sub bus that does not drive these lines Even if the sub bus is capable of driving these lines the PXI d
25. ni com vision for the latest information on optional cables and the cameras they support National Instruments Corporation 3 1 NI PXI PCI 1422 User Manual Chapter 3 Signal Connections NI PXI PCI 1422 User Manual Figure 3 1 shows the pinout of the 100 pin SCSI type connector Data0 Data0 Data1 Data1 Data2 Data2 Data3 Data3 Data4 Data4 Data5 Data5 Data6 Data6 Data7 Data7 Data8 Data8 Data9 Data9 Data10 Data10 Data11 Data11 Data12 Data12 Data13 Data13 Data14 Data14 Data15 Data15 Control0 Controlo Control1 Control1 Control2 Control2 Control3 Control3 EnableA EnableA EnableB EnableB EnableC EnableC EnableD EnableD Pixel Clock Pixel Clock 1 51 2 52 3 53 4 54 5 55 6 56 7 57 8 58 9 59 10 60 11 61 12 62 13 63 14 64 15 65 16 66 17 67 18 68 19 69 20 70 21171 22 72 23 73 24 74 25 75 26 76 27 77 28 78 29 79 30 80 31 81 32 82 33 83 34 84 35 85 36 86 37 87 38 88 39 89 40 90 4 91 42 92 43 93 44 94 45 95 46 96 47 97 48 98 49 99 50 100 Not Used Not Used Not Used Not Used Not Used Not Used Not Used Not Used Not
26. nstruments installation operation or maintenance instructions owner s modification of the product owner s abuse misuse or negligent acts and power failure or surges fire flood accident actions of third parties or other events outside reasonable control Copyright Under the copyright laws this publication may not be reproduced or transmitted in any form electronic or mechanical including photocopying recording storing in an information retrieval system or translating in whole or in part without the prior written consent of National Instruments Corporation National Instruments respects the intellectual property of others and we ask our users to do the same NI software is protected by copyright and other intellectual property laws Where NI software may be used to reproduce software or other materials belonging to others you may use NI software only to reproduce materials that you may reproduce in accordance with the terms of any applicable license or other legal restriction Trademarks National Instruments NI ni com and LabVIEW are trademarks of National Instruments Corporation Refer to the Terms of Use section on ni com legal for more information about National Instruments trademarks Other product and company names mentioned herein are trademarks or trade names of their respective companies Members of the National Instruments Alliance Partner Program are business entities independent from National Instruments and hav
27. o directly control the NI 1422 and other National Instruments image acquisition devices Using NI IMAQ you can quickly and easily start your applications without having to program the device at the register level Featuring a high speed data flow path the NI 1422 is ideal for both industrial and scientific environments As a stand alone device the NI 1422 supports up to 16 bits of differential video data four general purpose control lines that can be configured to generate precise timing signals to control digital camera acquisition and four external input output I O lines that you can use as triggers or as high speed digital I O lines If you require more advanced triggering or digital I O lines either digital or analog you can use the NI 1422 and NI IMAQ with the National Instruments Data Acquisition DAQ product line A common problem with other image acquisition devices is that you cannot easily synchronize several functions to a common trigger or timing event The NI 1422 uses its Real Time System Integration RTSI bus to solve this problem The RTSI bus consists of the National Instruments RTSI bus interface and ribbon cable to route additional timing and trigger signals between the NI 1422 and up to four National Instruments DAQ or image National Instruments Corporation 1 1 NI PXI PCI 1422 User Manual Chapter 1 Introduction acquisition devices in your computer The RTSI bus can even synchronize multiple image acquisitio
28. of the hardware functions on the NI 1422 and explains the operation of each functional unit making up the NI 1422 Functional Overview The NI 1422 features a flexible high speed data path optimized for the reception and formatting of video data from digital cameras National Instruments Corporation 2 1 NI PXI PCI 1422 User Manual Chapter 2 Hardware Overview The block diagram in Figure 2 1 illustrates the key functional components of the NI 1422 Synchronous Dynamic RAM UART Memory 2 Data LUT LUT IMAQ SDRAM g Memory Data S Interface m O PCI Interface 5 Pixel Clock and Camera Enables and a Qa A Differential Scatter Gather A TTL DMA Controllers n Converter S Lp T Advanced Aeo isiion scali p Triggerin g p Acouisition Scaling B and Timing ROI and Control Camera Control External Triggers Figure 2 1 NI 1422 Block Diagram Differential TTL Level Converters The NI 1422 can drive and receive either TTL or differential level camera control signals These signal levels can be controlled independently for the control and enable lines on the 100 pin SCSI type connector LUTs The NI 1422 uses a 64 KB by 16 bit lookup table LUT that you can use for two 256 B by 8 bit LUT operations or one 64 KB by 16 bit lookup table You can configure this LUT to perform simple imaging operations such as contrast
29. ommunications channel Points PCI eXtensions for Instrumentation An open specification that builds on the CompactPCI specification by adding instrumentation specific features Random access memory A property of an event or system in which data is processed as it is acquired instead of being accumulated and processed at a later time The smallest signal increment that can be detected by a measurement system Resolution can be expressed in bits in proportions or in percent of full scale For example a system has 12 bit resolution one part in 4 096 resolution and 0 0244 percent of full scale National Instruments Corporation G 7 NI PXI PCI 1422 User Manual Glossary RGB ribbon cable ROI ROM RTSI bus S s scaling down circuitry scatter gather DMA SDRAM SO DIMM SRAM system RAM tap transfer rate trigger NI PXI PCI 1422 User Manual Color encoding scheme using red green and blue RGB color information where each pixel in the color image is encoded using 32 bits 8 bits for red 8 bits for green 8 bits for blue and 8 bits for the alpha value unused A flat cable in which the conductors are side by side Region of interest A hardware programmable rectangular portion of the acquisition window Read only memory Real Time System Integration Bus The National Instruments timing bus that connects image acquisition and DAQ boards directly by means of connectors on top of the boards f
30. onal Television Standards Committee The committee that developed the color video standard used primarily in North America which uses 525 lines per frame See also PAL Nonvolatile RAM RAM that is not erased when a device loses power or is turned off Base level software that controls a computer runs programs interacts with users and communicates with installed hardware or peripheral devices G 6 ni com PAL PCI PFI PGIA pixel pixel clock pixel count protocol pts PXI R RAM real time resolution Glossary Phase Alternation Line One of the European video color standards uses 625 lines per frame See also NTSC Peripheral Component Interconnect A high performance expansion bus architecture originally developed by Intel to replace ISA and EISA PCI offers a theoretical maximum transfer rate of 132 Mbytes s Programmable function input Programmable gain instrumentation amplifier Picture element The smallest division that makes up the video scan line for display on a computer monitor a pixel s optimum dimension is square aspect ratio of 1 1 or the width equal to the height Divides the incoming horizontal video line into pixels The total number of pixels between two horizontal synchronization signals The pixel count determines the frequency of the pixel clock The exact sequence of bits characters and control codes used to transfer data between computers and peripherals through a c
31. or precise synchronization of functions Seconds Circuitry that scales down the resolution of a video signal A type of DMA that allows the DMA controller to reconfigure on the fly Synchronous dynamic RAM Small outline dual inline memory module Static RAM RAM installed on a personal computer and used by the operating system as contrasted with onboard RAM A stream of pixels from a camera Some cameras send multiple streams or taps of data over a cable simultaneously to increase transfer rate The rate measured in bytes s at which data is moved from source to destination after software initialization and set up operations The maximum rate at which the hardware can operate Any event that causes or starts some form of data capture G 8 ni com trigger control and mapping circuitry TTL V VI Glossary Circuitry that routes monitors and drives external and RTSI bus trigger lines You can configure each of these lines to start or stop acquisition on a rising or falling edge Transistor transistor logic Virtual Instrument 1 A combination of hardware and or software elements typically used with a PC that has the functionality of a classic stand alone instrument 2 A LabVIEW software module VI which consists of a front panel user interface and a block diagram program National Instruments Corporation G 9 NI PXI PCI 1422 User Manual Index A acquisition acquisition window control 2 5 s
32. ronment This equipment generates uses and can radiate radio frequency energy and if not installed and used in accordance with the instruction manual may cause harmful interference to radio communications Operation of this equipment in a residential area is likely to cause harmful interference in which case the user is required to correct the interference at their own expense Canadian Department of Communications This Class A digital apparatus meets all requirements of the Canadian Interference Causing Equipment Regulations Cet appareil num rique de la classe A respecte toutes les exigences du R glement sur le mat riel brouilleur du Canada Compliance with EU Directives Users in the European Union EU should refer to the Declaration of Conformity DoC for information pertaining to the CE marking Refer to the Declaration of Conformity DoC for this product for any additional regulatory compliance information To obtain the DoC for this product visit ni com certification search by model number or product line and click the appropriate link in the Certification column The CE marking Declaration of Conformity contains important supplementary information and instructions for the user or installer Conventions lt gt 3 A A italic monospace The following conventions are used in this manual Angle brackets that contain numbers separated by an ellipsis represent a range of values associated with a bit or s
33. stem Integration If you have time constraints limited in house technical resources or other project challenges National Instruments Alliance Partner members can help To learn more call your local NI office or visit ni com alliance Declaration of Conformity DoC A DoC is our claim of compliance with the Council of the European Communities using the manufacturer s declaration of conformity This system affords the user protection for electronic compatibility EMC and product safety You can obtain the DoC for your product by visiting ni com certification A 1 NI PXI PCI 1422 User Manual Appendix A Technical Support and Professional Services e Calibration Certificate If your product supports calibration you can obtain the calibration certificate for your product at ni com calibration If you searched ni com and could not find the answers you need contact your local office or NI corporate headquarters Phone numbers for our worldwide offices are listed at the front of this manual You also can visit the Worldwide Offices section of ni com niglobal to access the branch office Web sites which provide up to date contact information support phone numbers email addresses and current events NI PXI PCI 1422 User Manual A 2 ni com Glossary Symbol Prefix Value p pico 10 1 n nano 10 u micro 10 6 m milli 10 3 k kilo 103 M mega 10 G giga 10 T tera 10 Symbols
34. t environment ADE NI IMAQ handles many of the complex issues between the computer and the image acquisition device such as programming interrupts and camera control NI IMAQ performs all functions required for acquiring and saving images but does not perform image analysis For image analysis functionality refer to the National Instruments Application Software section of this chapter NI IMAQ also provides the interface path between the NI 1422 and LabVIEW LabWindows CVI or a text based programming environment The NI IMAQ software kit includes a series of libraries for image acquisition for LabVIEW LabWindows CVI and Measurement Studio which contains libraries for Microsoft Visual Basic NI IMAQ features both high level and low level functions Examples of high level functions include the sequences to acquire images in multi buffer single shot or continuous mode An example of a low level function is configuring an image sequence since it requires advanced understanding of the image acquisition device and image acquisition principles National Instruments Corporation 1 3 NI PXI PCI 1422 User Manual Chapter 1 Introduction National Instruments Application Software NI PXI PCI 1422 User Manual This section describes the National Instruments application software packages you can use to analyze and process the images you acquire with the NI 1422 Vision Builder for Automated Inspection NI Vision Builder for A
35. tart conditions 2 5 video acquisition 2 5 acquisition scaling and ROI circuitry 2 4 advanced clock generation 2 3 application software Vision Builder AI 1 4 Vision Development Module 1 4 block diagram of NI 1422 2 2 board configuration NVRAM 2 4 bus master PCI interface 2 4 C calibration certificate NI resources A 2 compactPCI using with PXI 1 2 conventions used in the manual v D Declaration of Conformity NI resources A 1 diagnostic tools NI resources A 1 differential TTL converters 2 2 documentation conventions used in the manual v NI resources A 1 drivers NI resources A 1 E examples NI resources A 1 National Instruments Corporation l 1 H help technical support A 1 high speed timing 2 4 I O connector 3 1 instrument drivers NI resources A 1 integration with DAQ and motion control 1 5 K KnowledgeBase A 1 L LabVIEW migrating inspection from Vision Builder AI 1 4 lookup tables LUTs 2 2 LUTS lookup tables 2 2 motion control integrating with 1 5 multiple tap data formatter 2 3 National Instruments support and services A 1 NI 1422 block diagram 2 2 functional overview 2 1 hardware overview 1 3 T O connector signals 3 3 overview 1 1 SCSI pin assignments 3 2 NI PXI PCI 1422 User Manual Index software programming choices 1 3 NI support and services A 1 NI IMAQ driver software 1 3 P programming examples NI resources
36. ten 0 that means use the current default setting Deutsche Industrie Norme A format for electrical connectors Direct memory access A method by which data can be transferred to and from computer memory from and to a device or memory on the bus while the processor does something else DMA is the fastest method of transferring data to from computer memory Dynamic RAM Software that controls a specific hardware device such as an image acquisition board The ratio of the largest signal level a circuit can handle to the smallest signal level it can handle usually taken to be the noise level normally expressed in decibels NI PXI PCI 1422 User Manual Glossary E EEPROM external trigger field FIFO frame ft T O IC NI PXI PCI 1422 User Manual Electrically erasable programmable read only memory ROM that can be erased with an electrical signal and reprogrammed A voltage pulse from an external source that triggers an event such as A D conversion For an interlaced video signal a field is half the number of horizontal lines needed to represent a frame of video The first field of a frame contains all the odd numbered lines the second field contains all of the even numbered lines First in first out memory buffer The first data stored is the first data sent to the acceptor FIFOs are used on image acquisition devices to temporarily store incoming data until that data can be retrieved A complete ima
37. terconnect individual circuitry in a computer such as the PCI bus typically the expansion vehicle to which I O or other devices are connected Celsius High speed processor memory that buffers commonly used instructions or data to increase processing throughput Complementary metal oxide semiconductor G 2 ni com Compact PCI conversion device CPU DAQ dB DC default setting DIN DMA DRAM drivers dynamic range National Instruments Corporation G 3 Glossary Refers to the core specification defined by the PCI Industrial Computer Manufacturer s Group PICMG Device that transforms a signal from one form to another For example analog to digital converters ADCs for analog input and digital to analog converters DACs for analog output Central processing unit Data acquisition 1 Collecting and measuring electrical signals from sensors transducers and test probes or fixtures and inputting them to a computer for processing 2 Collecting and measuring the same kinds of electrical signals with A D or DIO boards plugged into a computer and possibly generating control signals with D A and or DIO boards in the same computer Decibel The unit for expressing a logarithmic measure of the ratio of two signal levels dB 20log V1 V2 for signals in volts Direct current A default parameter value recorded in the driver in many cases the default input of a control is a certain value of
38. utomated Inspection AI is configurable machine vision software that you can use to prototype benchmark and deploy applications Vision Builder AI does not require programming but is scalable to powerful programming environments Vision Builder AI allows you to easily configure and benchmark a sequence of visual inspection steps as well as deploy the visual inspection system for automated inspection With Vision Builder AI you can perform powerful visual inspection tasks and make decisions based on the results of individual tasks You also can migrate the configured inspection to LabVIEW extending the capabilities of the applications if necessary Vision Development Module The Vision Development Module is an image acquisition processing and analysis library of more than 270 functions for the following common machine vision tasks e Pattern matching e Particle analysis e Gauging e Taking measurements e Grayscale color and binary image display You can use the Vision Development Module functions individually or in combination With the Vision Development Module you can acquire display and store images as well as perform image analysis and processing Using the Vision Development Module imaging novices and experts can program the most basic or complicated image applications without knowledge of particular algorithm implementations As a part of the Vision Development Module NI Vision Assistant is an interactive prototyp
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