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Last Update: Aug 23, 1997

1. MS5 Russian QPSK 12 11 200Hztone1l 11 200 100 1 pilot tone 3300Hz Vocoder tone 1 700Hz rare 3600Hz CLOVER PSK 4 3 125Hz 125 31 25 Supp BPSM 125bps QPSM 250bps I 8PSM 375bps 16PSM 500bps I 8P2A 500bps 16P4A 750bps I DUI I I Total bandwidth 500Hz CLOVER 2000 PSK 8 7 250Hz 250 62 50 Supp BPSM 500bps QPSM 1000bps LUI I I I 8PSM 1500bps 8P2A 2000bps I I I I I 16P4A 3000bps I I I I Total bandwidth 2kHz HF Datalink 8PSK 1 0 1440Hz 0 Adaptive rates of 150 300 600 1200 1800 supported 4 4 MFSK 8 3 300Hz tonel 4 1 channel is 150bps BPSK I 1 450Hz Gap I I I 3 300Hz tone5 8 39 tone PSK 39 38 56 25Hz 156 25 2400 tones 675Hz to 2812 5Hz modem 1 doppler tone 393 75Hz CODAN modem QPSK 16 15 112 5Hz 1112 5 2400 tones 656 25Hz to 2343 75Hz TWINPLEX Parameters Table 5 F o CCIR476 alphabet 1 ch
2. ARQ6 98 7 CCIR476 6 98 490 42 7 49 200 6ch 35ms 210ms 280ms ps 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 SWED ARQ 7 CCIR476 3 45 450 21 7 17 100 3ch 7bit 210ms 210ms ps ARO SWED I 9 90 900 63 7 20 100 9ch 7bit 630ms 270ms ps 22 180 1540 154 7 19 100 22ch 7bit 1540ms 260ms TWINPLEX 7 CCIR476 2 3 45 450 21 7 17 100 See Table 4 F SITOR A 7 CCIR476 3 45 450 21 7 17 100 3ch 70ms 210ms 240ms ps 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 SI ARQ 7 ITA3 3 42 437 5 21 7 14 96 every odd cycle has ARQ S 4 56 583 3 28 7 21 96 all bits inverted ARQ1000S 5 70 729 2 35 7 28 96 IRC of 5 and 6 are 6 84 875 0 42 7 35 96 most commonly found 7 98 1020 8 49 7 42 96 DUP ARQ 5 ITA2 7p 5 88 704 32 32 12 125 7p added to ea blk of ARTRAC 5 char each xm burst is 32bits 5ch 5bits 7p 256ms xm 96ms ps DUP ARQ 2 5 I
3. COQUELET 13 MFSK 13 8 30Hz tonel 8 30 13 3 1 char 2 consecutive tones 4 30Hz tone9 12 lea 75ms 1 char is 150ms CROWD36 MFSK 36 35 40Hz tonel 36 40 40 3 groups of 10 11 11 tones I I 10 tones 1 12 24 36 rarely used 1 of 32 tones 1 of 32 ITA2 chars I I I I DUI I 1 tone 100ms 10bps I DUI 1 tone 25ms 40bps MIL188 MFSK 8 7 250Hz 250 1 sym 8ms TT2300b MFSK 8 7 200Hz 200 100 100bd gives 300bps throughput TPLEX 200 200bd gives 600bps throughput LUI I I 1 tone is 5ms 100bd 10ms 200bd LINK 11 QPSK 15 14 110Hz 110 1 doppler tone 605Hz offset tone 1 935Hz 1 sync tone 2915Hz offset LESW LINK11 8PSK 1 0 1800Hz O data rates up to 4800bps Single Tone 1 packet 192bits 64bits sync Waveform 256bits 80ms 26 67ms MERLIN MFSK 8 7 240Hz tonel 8 240 240 240sym s or 720b s ALIS 2 bs ale i
4. 33ms 40ms 100ms 100ms 40ms 40ms Tone Duration EEA Electronic Engineering Association UK CCIR Comite Consultatif International de Radio ZVEI Zentralverband der Electrotechnischen Industrie West Germany DZVEI Depressed ZVEI DDZVEI Double Depressed ZVEI NATEL Scandinavian National Telephone Euro 6 tone Hi power AM paging in ECPT countries EIA Electronics Industries Association US Motorola Metropage MODAT Motorola 7 tone ANI Status System REACH 2 to 5 tone selective call ANI Section 6 What decoders are available This section will list most known units with information collected from a variety of open sources They range from the professional high end units through the hobbiest units down to the public domain units This grouping is purely the opinion of the compiler and is not meant to disparage any manufacturer A professional unit is a unit that covers many modes includes sophisticated analysis tools and probably costs a lot of money These units represent the cutting edge in decoder technology At this time we group Hoka Wavecom and Universal as professional units The hobbiest units are those units that include the most common modes some tools for analysis and are a little more affordable Public domain units are self explanatory but non the less valuable as a stepping stone to a more sophisticated unit if you find the area of signals analysis intriguing An a
5. n 7 B B B B Y d 6 B B Y Y B DI 5 B Y B Y B VI4321 Fi ar Ei DE in in aan earn inni O BB BB NUL DLE SPC 0 1 BBByY SOH DC1 1 A 2 BBYB STX DC2 2 B 3 BBY Y ETX DC3 3 c 4 BY BB EOT D4 4 OD 5 BY B Y EN NAK b 5 E 6 BY YB ACK SYN amp 6 F 7 BYYyY BEL ETB 7 G B YBBB BS CAN 8 H 9 YBB Y HT EM 9 I A YB Y B LF SUB J BIYBYY VITES K CIYYBB FF FS lt L DIYYBY CR GS M E YYYB SO RS gt N FIYYYY SI US 0 ACK acknowledge FF BEL bell FS BS backspace GS CAN cancel HT CR carriage return LF DC1 device control 1 NAK DC2 device control 2 NUL DC3 device control 3 RS DC4 device control 4 SI DEL delete SO DLE data link escape SOH ENQ enquiry or WRU SPC EM end of medium STX EOT end of transmission SUB ESC escape SYN ETB end of block US ETX end of text VT References Wavecom Elektronik AG Wavecom Elektronik AG HOKA Electronics Code HOKA Electronics Code vertical tab Wavcom W4100 product literature W41PC User Manual and correspondance 3 v5 00 decoder manual and correspondance 30 v2 00 decoder manual and correspondance Klingenfuss Radioteletype Code Manual 13th Edition r w _ _ wv wv PRELIM PRELIM PRELIM PRELIM PRELIM PRELIM PRELIM PRELIM Crowd 36 Tones and Alphabet Table 5 H tone Freq Hz Ch Fg tone Freq Hz C
6. ARQ E 7 ITA2P 4 8 every 4th 8th char inverted which marks it ARQ1000D Jas the 1st char of that block of 4 of 8 chars 4 4 ARQ E3 7 ITA3 4 8 see ARQ E ARQ M2 242 7 ITA3 342 7 ITA3 e e ARQ M4 242 7 ITA3 342 7 ITA3 4 5 8 a ch erect b ch invert char interleaved 4 8 a ch erect b ch invert char interleaved s e e e 4 4 5 8 a c ch char interleaved a b c d bit interleave la ch erect b c d invert 4 8 a ch erect b ch invert a b chars interleaved c ch invert d ch erect a b c d bit interleave s e e e 4 I I I I I I I I I I I Sere ee a ae a oy eae er ee I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I AUTOSPEC 10 ITA2 Bpl 1 char 10 bits 5bits of ITA2 5 parity bits 4 4 SPREAD 10 ITA2 Spl 1 char 10 bits w ea char interleaved over LUI 111 21 or 51 bits 4 4 81 81 12 CYR M2 1 frame 12 bits 2 ch bauds 73 81 LUI 1 frame 6 bits 1 ch bauds 36 5 40 5 4 4
7. FEC 100 170 170 170 MS MS MS DI DI DI DI 1000 2000 3000 595 1785 2635 1 2 3 MOI VFT The German Ministry of Information MOI and police use a multi channel VFT comprising 72 or 96bd 80Hz shift ARQ E on their intercity links Commonly heard below 5MHz in Europe The channels for the Bonn Stuttgart and Bonn Hamburg links is shown below channel ARQ E 72bd l l l ARQ E 96bd shift 80 80 80 80 80 MS MS MS MS MS Il Il Il Il Il 0 1000 2000 3000 I I offset 720 1500 1800 2510 2900 1 2 3 4 5 3 ch 150 FSK The German Navy primarily Wilhelmshaven DHJ59 and warships has been noted using a configuration of 3 channels running a 150bd 170Hz shift FSK system with each channel spaced about 680 Hz to 700Hz The 150bd FSK signals are Unid k Unid FSK 150bd I I I shift 170 170 170 M S M S M S lo lo I I I 1 I I I I I I 0 1000 2000 3000 I I I offset 1190 1870 2550 channel 1 2 3 ch Piccolo British Military 6 tone Piccolo system w
8. CIS 11 5 CYR M2 1 frame llbits 5 M2 char 2state 4p M2 char in reverse order 2state bits define system state and alphabet 4 4 CIS 14 5 CYR M2 1 frame 14bits 2 ch bit interleave frame alBla2B2a3B3a4B4a5B5a6B6p1lp2 2 6bits 2p LUI la ch a2 6 b ch B2 6 alBl state IDLE TFC plp2 error correction 1 frame 28bits CIS 14 variant 4 4 DUP FEC 2 5 ITA2 or 1 frame 32bits 5bit CRC used DUP FEC ITAS I I 4 4 FEC A 7 ITA2P data bitstp bits interleaved Parity created FEC100A by shift register 2 known lengths 71 and 127 4 4 HNG FEC 15 15 bit l1st 5bits ITA 2 with bits 1 and 5 inverted 10bits error correction interleave of 64bits Il leach new char starts 15bits after preceding char 4 4 POL ARQ 7 CCIR476 4 5 6 Similar to ARQ N but using CCCIR476 alphabet 4 4 ROU FEC 16 16 bit interleave of 128bits new char starts l6bits RUM FEC from preceding char Bit masking used
9. 4 A unique program that takes SYNOP A program that would codes and translates them into capture SYNOP text several languages including English onto a text file is Dutch German or French required 4 4 This program decodes Feldhell a CW Baudot RTTY relatively new ham mode It can ASCII BPSK31 FEC laccept input from either a soundcard ARQ FELDHELL Jor a XR2206 processor A RTTY decoding program although Baudot RTTY also it s limited to one mode it can has DSP and notch lbe used as a plug in to several functions lother packages This package includes several tuning Baudot RTTY ASCII laids keyboard shortcuts It s PSK31 SITOR B NAVTEX soundcard compatible and can integ MULTIFSK16 PACKET rate with other DXSoft products DTMF SELFEC A package oriented toward mariners Baudot RTTY HF FAX with FAX and NAVTEX capabilities NAVTEX l I I I This package decodes several newer BPSK31 QPSK31 PSK63 ham modes as well as having some PSKAM PSK63F DSP filtering options as well as PSKFEC31 CW CCW macro controls Unique among these Throb4 ThrobX Baudot packages is auto detection o
10. 4 4 4 4 Martin M1 256x320 G B R 114 top 16 lines are grey scale M2 256x320 G B R 58 top 16 lines are grey scale M3 128x128 G B R 57 top 8 lines are grey scale M4 128x128 G B R 29 top 8 lines are grey scale HQ1 HQ2 Robot 12 120x128 Y C 12 Color is sent as Luminance and 24 256x256 Y C 24 Chrominance 36 256x256 Y C 36 72 256x256 Y C 72 8 120x128 B W 8 Not a true B W mode Green element 12 120x320 B W 12 sent as B W image 24 240x320 B W 24 36 240x320 B W 36 SC 1 and SC 2 were developed by Volker Wraase in Kiel Germany Martin was developed by Martin H Emmerson G30QD England Scottie was developed by E T J Murpy GM3SBC Scotland Robot was developed by Robot Research SSTV VIS code With the introduction of Robot 1200C Robot Research introduced the VIS code which is used to indicate the speed and mode at the beginning of the transmission The VIS code when decoded by the receiving station will let the receiver automatically set the necessary parameters for proper reception The VIS code is sent as part of the vertical sync pulse and is 10 bits long lasting 10 30ms The start and stop bits are represented as a 1200Hz tone with the r
11. a ae a ae ee E S Copyright 1995 1996 1997 by Stan Scalsky Digital Signals FAQ Version 5 3 Copyright 1995 1996 1997 by Mike Ch Last Update Aug 23 1997 nas ain cc Updated 2001 2004 by Worldwide Copyright 1995 2006 by Utility News Worldwide Utility News Changes made for Version 5 3 New version of chapter 6 Decoders Added new info to chapter 7 Changes made for Version 5 0 Added LESW new 39 tone modem HELLSCHREIBER Mazielka DGPS CODAN Enhanced VFT section fixed CLOVER 2000 tbl errors updated MS5 MIL188 COQ 82 Twinplex RAC ARQ CROWD36 IRA ARQ PSK New Decoder info on Code 3 Gold Wavecom W4100DSP and W4lpc Shareware New Section ACF Summary New Appendix section Changes made for Version 4 0 New modes info 36 50 4 4 1200 FSK NATO VFT PSK and mystery modes New Reordered VHF info added new FLEX POCSAG ERMES NEC D3 info New info added for Amateur modes Expanded Alphabet Tables SELCAL info added w New Table References section updated This Signals FAQ is a collaborative effort maintained by Stan Scalsky and Mike Chace Any questions comments or corrections will gladly be accepted The authors imply no guarantee on this information and do not claim to be experts or professionals in the field of signal monitoring All information has been gathered from public domain sources manufacturers documents decoder documentation real time analysis and any radio relate
12. ufactured equipment that uses the RAC ARQ mode This FEC system is documented to run at 150 and 267bd using a wide shift FSK This system documented heavily in the Radioteletype Code Manual 13th Edition from Klingenfuss with signal samples available on the Klingenfuss Modulation cassettes on track 38 Also if you read the Wavecom W4100 glossy from the company they list RAC ARQ as an option but later glossies for the W4100DSP and W41PC no longer list RAC ARQ Also known as RACAL ARQ ROU FEC SITOR B SI FEC FEC S TORG 10 11 NATO 75 NATO 100 A FEC system used by Rumanian Diplo services typically 164 48 or 218 3 bd Signals can be encrypted in the clear or bit masked have been known to use 10 15 24 or 31 This system has a bit spread of 128 bits with each new character starting every 16 bits This system had been referred to as SAU FEC in the past and renamed to RUM FEC by Klingenfuss Publications Wavecom still refers to the system as RUM FEC in their documents A FEC system used by Marine Information services and the Amateur Radio community typically 100 bd but an odd baud rate of 109 4 has also been monitored origin ating from Cuba Also known as FEC or AMTOR A Siemens FEC system used by Austrian and Indonesian Diplo services typically 96 192 or 200 bd using the ITA 3 alphabet Also known as FEC S FEC1000 Simplex or FEC 1000S During idle mode this system is the same as CCIR 242 ARQ M2 A Soviet 2 frequency
13. 3 5 MB space runs on Win9x ME MT4 2000 XP Winradio Universal FSK Decoder http www winradio com home fskdecoder htm Sophisticated digital software While this software doesn t decode all of the modes that the Hoka series does it does introduce modes not commonly found on Windows based software In addition the page mentions that other modes can be added by modifying various decoding parameters suggesting that the architecture of this software can be configured by the user which is highly unusual in any software sold today ARQ1000D ARQ E ARQ N ARQ 6 ARQ6 70 ARQ6 90 ARQ6 98 ARQ E3 Baudot Analysis Tools Extras Required Supplier ASCII Packet POL ARQ SITOR A SITOR B NAVTEX Raw Bits SI ARQ SWED ARQ Spectrum Analyzer Eye Pattern Scope Bit and baud estimations done in the Time Estimations module via histogram Character Translation tables with independent histogram IBM PC compatible computer 200 MHz or higher or MMX CPU any speed Windows 95 98 2000 or NT4 32 MB of RAM 3 MB of free disk space SoundBlaster compatible sound card or a DSP based WiNRADiO receiver WiNRADiO receiver WiNRADiO Communications 222 St Kilda Road St Kilda 3182 Australia Tel 61 3 9525 5300 Fax 61 3 9525 3560 Info info winradio com Sales sales winradio com Support support winradio com A list of dealers for various parts of the world can be found at the following URL http www winradio com home c
14. ARQ N I I I I ARS GUARD 48 96 ASCII 7 8 async system AUTOSPEC I I 40 I BAUDOT 7 8 15 1 async system5 w half stop bit CIS 11 TORG 11 I I I CIS 14 I I I I DGPS MSK I 10 I I DUP ARQ I 88 I I DUP ARQ 2 I I I I DUP FEC FEC A 56 FEC S SI FEC I I I I G TOR I I I I HNG FEC 90 90 IRA ARQ 11 55 PACTOR I I 0 I I POL ARO I I I 7 I ROU FEC 16 16 RS ARQ ALIS 110 59 228 7bd RS ARQ ALIS2 59 240bd multitone signal RS ARQ packet 0 225 2bd tfc 0 due to encoding SI ARQ ARQ S I I I 70 I SITOR A 45 very common SITOR B 35 very common SPREAD I I I I SUI FEC 10 0 SWED ARQ I I 45 I TT2300b 8 TWINPLEX I I I I data from snapshots in the Klingenfuss Radioteletype Code Manual 13th Ed The data listed below is ACF sorted numerically ACF in is an unknown system that had a distinctive ACF This data was taken from the Unid Signals listed in section 1 K 2 BEE 36 50 idle 7 BAUDOT x stop POL ARQ 7 126 250 8 BAUDOT x stop TT2300b 10 RS ARQ 225 2b DGPS MSK IRA ARQ 10 362 4 500 11 IRA ARQ 15 BAUDOT 1 5 stop 15 250 170 West African ARQ 16 ROU FEC 17 300 200 28 ARQ E ARQ E3 28 150 100 MOSSAD FEC system 32 ARTRAC II 35 SITOR B 40 AUTOSPEC 45 SITOR A SWED ARQ 48 ARS GUARD idle 55 IRA ARQ 56 ARQ E ARQ E3 FEC A ARQ M2 ARO M4 59 RS ARQ ALIS2 240b RS ARQ ALIS 228 7
15. Originally developed in 1957 in Great Britain at the Diplomatic Wireless Service or as it is known today the Communication Engineering Department of the British Foreign and Commonwealth Office FCO The original system was a 32 tone system and the development team was lead by J D Ralphs COQUELET There is a 6 tone system MK6 using ITA2 and a 12 tone system also MK6 using ASCII ITA5 but the 6 tone system is the more common The 6 tone system is used mainly by the British Gov Australian Gov stations and Chilean Military The 12 tone system is used mainly by the British Gov Both of the above systems normally run at 20bd but a 40bd double speed variant known as PICCOLO MK10 has been reported in use by British Gov PICCOLO MK10 uses 6 tones a special alphabet and different standby tones Both 20bd systems can still be found on the air and the modern MK6 unit is manufactured by RACAL The 40bd system is rarely found at this time Reference the Klingenfuss RadioTeletype Code Manual 13th Edition for the tone pairs and PICCOLO MK6 alphabet For tuning purposes on a 6 tone PICCOLO MK6 signal zero between tones 3 and 4 on a 12 tone PICCOLO signal zero between tones 6 and 7 A PICCOLO signal only has a 20Hz shift between tones so precise tuning is important and the ability to magnify a signal is a great feature Inexact tuning will induce translation errors COQUELET Mk I is an asynchronous 13 tone ITA2 system used by French possibl
16. or 300 3 bd This system uses an 11 bit character and the signal has some very wide ACF values ACF 352 or 448 have been recorded A tip for monitors is to remain on frequency with the decoder set to ASCII ITA 5 at the same speed that the ARQ is sending Once the transfer is complete operator chat often takes place in standard ASCII or BAUDOT A system designed with a combination of packet and sitor techniques used by amateurs MARS stations and many quasi governmental organizations Mutually incom patible variations are becoming common with changes made to the packet structure to support privacy re quirements of the various quasi governmental users Commonly referred to as UN pactor ICRC pactor or Swiss pactor The developers of Pactor Special Communication Systems SCS have licensed their hardware and software to Schuemperlin Engineering AG which has actively pursued commercial acceptance of this protocol and as many as 7 different variants have been noted so far Code 30 defines the following variations Common User Label Pactor 1 Amateur PACTOR Non Governmental Orgs Pactor 2 ICRC PACTOR I Pactor 3 UNHCR PACTOR U Pactor 4 IFRC Pactor 5 UNO MSF Pactor 6 included in Code 30 Pactor 7 included in Code 30 Don t know if Pactor 5 is the same thing to Wavecom and Hoka and who the users of Pactor 5 6 and 7 is unknown ICRC Int l Committee of the Red Cross UNHCR UN High Commissioner for Refugees IFRC Int l Federation
17. timewave com dsprttyds htm TNCs Timewave DSP 599zx DSP 59Y Baudot Rtty only Software DSRTTY Win URL http www halcomm com DSRTTY Win htm TNCs HAL modems such as ST 8000 or ST 8000A Software Easyterm URL http www mvhenley com eztpage html TNCs AEA HAL Kantronics TNCs SCS PTC II Software KAGold series URL http www interflex com private frame htm TNCs KaGOLD for the Kantronics KAM KPC 1 KPC 2 KPC 3 and KPC 4 KaGOLD PT w PACTOR and GTOR support for ALL Kantronics TNCs Software M7KTerm URL http www trifid nebula de m7000 m7000 htm TNCs Universal M 7000 Software Multicomm Host URL http www cssincorp com multicommhost TNCs MFJ 1276 with 1 2 9x firmware MFJ 1278 with 1 1 X firmware with BLP TAPR TNC 2 TNCS packet only Software NCW95PK URL http web inter nl net hcc PAONC TNCs AEA Timewave PK 232 PK 900 Software NCWinPTC URL http web inter nl net hcc PAONC TNCs Software URL TNCs Software URL TNCs Software URL TNCs Software URL TNCs Software URL TNCs SCS PTC series Pakterm for Windows http www cssincorp com pacterm KAM 98 KAM XL Several Kantronics Packet only modems DSP 1232 Satellite Telemetry only DSP 2232 Satellite Telemetry only PKGold series http www interflex com private frame htm PkGOLD for AEA PK 88 PK 232 PkGOLD PT as above but with PACTOR support PkGOLD 900 for the PK 900 Dual Port with Pact
18. 10 15 31 4 4 SI FEC 7 ITA3 I leach char inverted and repeated 15 chars later FEC S Il I lor 1050ms similar to ARQ M2 242 FEC1000S I 4 SITOR B 7 CCIR476 char interleaved each char simply repeated NAVTEX DUI I latter 350ms 5 chars 35 bits later 4 TORG 10 11 11 ITA2 1 frame 11 bits 5 data 2sync 4p See CIS 11 Multi tone MFSK PSK Systems Table 5 E Posse SaaS sa ae es ee modulation I a a aaa aga inizi cinzia i of tones K to tone shift arrangement tone shift spacing Hz I I I I bps FSK symbol sec PSK v v v v v comments PICCOLO MFSK 6 5 20Hz tone3 8 20 20 1 char gt 2 tones ea 50ms MK6 so 1 char 100ms 7 5 unit ITA2 gives 75 baud throughput 12 11 20Hz tone0 11 20 20 ITAS version PICCOLO MFSK 6 5 40Hz 40 40 special alphabet in use MK10 1 char gt 2 tones ea 25ms COQUELET 8 MFSK 8 7 26 7Hz tonel 8 26 7 26 7 1 char 2 consecutive tones lea 37 5ms 1 char is 75ms
19. 1640 1640 1830 1670 1830 1209 554 8 1747 1747 1747 2000 1830 2000 1336 510 7 9 1860 1860 1860 2200 2000 2200 1477 470 8 10 A 1055 2400 2400 2799 9 2599 9 885 1633 433 9 11 B 930 930 930 810 2799 9 600 400 12 C 2246 9 2246 9 2246 9 970 810 1995 368 7 13 D 991 991 991 886 886 2205 1153 1 14 E 2110 2110 2110 2599 9 2400 970 1805 1062 9 15 F 2400 0 0 0 0 0 0 40ms 100ms 70ms 70ms 70ms 70ms 70ms 100ms Tone Duration Reach 11th root of 2 tone EIA MODAT CCITT VDEW Hi Freq Lo Freq O 600 637 5 400 2280 2400 1200 1 741 787 5 697 370 2253 1127 2 882 937 5 770 450 2116 1058 3 1023 1087 5 852 550 1987 993 4 1164 1237 5 941 675 1865 933 5 1305 1387 5 1209 825 1751 876 6 1446 1537 5 1335 1010 1644 822 7 1587 1687 5 1477 1240 1544 722 8 1728 1837 5 1633 1520 1450 725 I 9 1869 1987 5 1800 1860 1361 681 10 A 2151 1900 2000 I 11 B 2432 9 2000 2100 12 C 2010 1 2100 2200 13 D 2292 2200 2300 14 E 459 487 5 2300 2400 I 15 F 0 0 0 I
20. ARQ 625 FEC 625 BEE36 50 CIS11 FEC 100 Dirty Interleave Raw modes TRQ ARQ Mil188 110 39 tone Serial Pactor 2 R37 RS ARQ1 2 5 7 8 bit STANAG 4285 4529 8129 405 391 DSP driven internal to the PC AD FFT AD Oscilloscope Auto Classifications Bitstream output EYE Pattern Hard Disk Recording Graphical Squelch Oscilloscope digital Oscilloscope AFP Extras Required Supplier Oscilloscope XY Phase Plane Phase Scope Phase Spectrum Shift Speed Measurement Waterfall Waterfall sonogram PC running Win 98 2000 NT4 or XP NL Hoka Electronics Flessingsterrein 13 NL 9665 BZ Oude Pekela Netherlands Tel 31 5978 12327 email info hoka com 6 A 2 Wavecom Decoders Decoder URL Level Synopsis Modes Decoded Analysis Tools Extras Required Supplier Decoder WaveCom W4010 NOTE No longer in production http www wavecom ch Comprehensive intermediate level decoder The first comprehensive decoder for the amateur as well as professional user Now being phased out in favour of the more up to date W4050 but still widely available on the second hand market Again a self contained unit requiring a composite monitor for the control and incoming text displays Like its W4100 bigger brother this decoder again sports just about every mode that is in regular use on HF plus a good array of analysis tools Software and modes decoded are held in a number of EPROMs con
21. DGPS like 57bit preamble various orgs sending DGPS info in MSK 3s bursts packet like fast ARQ system ARQ w ITA2 orig Western Africa probably not DUP ARQ 2 Possible ARTRAC II DUP ARQ 2 signal FSK data bursts w orig Korean Diplo Packet like new R amp S ALIS mode 4sec idle sequence Logged in the 250 350kHz range ARQ simplex 250bit frame polarity switch each frame pos neg sounds like VFT 6 peaks sounds like ARQ6 90 98 sounds like ARQ E E3 FSK Probable Russian Air Force system FEC bit stream very rare similiar to 80 5 but w l16bit frame unusual 12bit frame RTTY w ITA2 bit interleave Most likely East European POL source see 121 330 FEC also as 75 100 from MOSSAD Tel Aviv unusually wide shift VFT w 3ch 150 170 3 ch 150 FSK big ACF value VFT w 3ch 144 200 RUS 144 unusual 12bit frame RTTY w ITA2 bit interleave Most likely East European POL source see 161 330 23 bit frame scrambled ASCII common in the US maybe NATO Decoded by Sitor b Logs from the US Logs from UK FEC 8bit char most likely US Intel source or US Mil Air Force Most likely an encrypted CIS system VFT w 2ch 100 3 150 200 1kHz ch shift ALE Spanish Navy 600 200 200 600 4 tone clover 7ch ea tone 100 200bps 4DPSK modulated POR VFT possible 12char per burst also 81 5 122 2 161 0 163 0 12bit frame hdr 64 or 65 NATO System VMGTCNREX crypto sequence recorded with ITA2 6 bit interleaved Maybe CIS M
22. Keying systems 1 K Mystery systems Section 2 Modes on VHF 2 A VHF Data Signals B Special Amateur Digital Video Modes C VHF SELCAL and Analog Paging Systems D VHF Digital Paging Signals E VHF Two Way Paging Signals Section 3 Baud Rate Summary Table Section 4 ACF Summary Table Section 5 System Parameters Summary Tables Table 5 A Synchronous Data Block Systems Table 5 B Asynchronous Data Block Systems Table 5 C Asynchronous Bit Stream Systems Table 5 D Synchronous Bit Stream Systems Table 5 E Multi tone MFSK PSK Systems Table 5 F Twinplex Parameters Table 5 G Alphabets Table 5 H Crowd 36 Tones and Alphabet Table 5 I 5 6 Tone Paging Parameter Tables Section 6 Decoders Introduction What Decoders are available ca Professional Semi Pro Units 1 Hoka Decoders Wavecom Decoders SCS Decoders Universal Decoders Timewave Units Decoder Receiver Control Software A Skysweeper Amateur Radio Hobby Units gt b pbp pp 2 3 4 5 6 7 DH dR Gn I 6 B 1 Out of Production Discontinued Models 6 B 2 Current Models 6 B 3 Self Contained Units 6 C Public Domain Shareware Software 6 D Selected Soundcard Interfaces 6 E Terminal Node Controller Demodulator Support programs 6 E 1 DOS Programs 6 E 2 Windows Programs 6 E 3 Linux Programs 6 F DSP Audio Programs Section 7 Reference Materials 7 A Selected Vendors and Sites 7 B Magazines and Books 7 C Frequency Databases 7 D Tape
23. Kingdom Tel 44 181 566 1120 AOR TDF 370 http www universal radio com catalog decoders 2711 html Casual use with PSK31 interface makes it useful for hams as well as those wanting an introduction to some common modes A brand new DSP driven unit can be used in a standalone configuration or fed thru a computer RTTY only Uses 4 different filters for voice and 3 for CW modes PSK31 CW RTTY 45 50 and 75 baud 170 425 850 hz shift SSTV Robot 36 Robot 72 Scottie 1 2 AVT90 94 None SSTV requires a separate terminal program to display output None US Universal Radio 6830 Americana Parkway Reynoldsburg Ohio OH 43068 USA Tel 614 866 4267 MFJ 462B MultiReader http www mfjenterprises com products php prodid MFJ 462B Entry level decoder for Beginners Read data from 2 line LCD readout with contrast adjustment 8k memory buffer standard RTTY CW FEC AMTOR FEC also known as Sitor B ASCII Analysis Tools Extras Required Supplier Decoder URL Level Synopsis Modes Decoded Analysis Tools Extras Required Options Supplier Tuning Indicator CW Speed Tracking Epson compatible printer required for printing 12 VDC or use 110 VAC with MFJ 1312B AC adapter MFJ Box 494 Miss State MS 39762 Tel orders 800 647 1800 tech line 800 647 TECH 8324 Email mfjcustserv mfjenterprises com Products http www mfjenterprises com index php http www universal radio com c
24. PSK based systems 2 4MHz region Navigational aids sending Differential Global Positioning System DGPS information using 250bps 4 phase or Quaternary PSK QPSK Try 2834 0 2805 0 3226 0kHz 3 13MHz region Soviet Mil MOD FAPSI PTT system sending 1280bps data using a 4 phase Offset QPSK scheme These stations are recognizable in that they are all placed on 081 offsets from a kilohertz or half kilohertz point At least 20 channels are known to be in almost constant use Try 9058 081 7663 581 5752 081 and 13369 081kHz amongst others Note Recently many of these frequencies have been sprouting lower sideband twins For example 11422 081 is paired with 11417 93 1 K Mystery systems new 9209 081 is paired with 9204 93 Presumably this means the system is operational and adding more capacity 5 20MHz region Unknown user and system sending 600bps data using 2 phase or Binary PSK Try 10662 8kHz 1200bps and 2400bps signals of a similiar nature have been found in this region also 2400 PSK 1800 PSK 1600 PSK KRE PSK Believed to be a NATO and UK Royal Navy system now occupying many channels and particularly active since the deployment of IFOR in former Yugoslavia Also many 75bd RATT channels used by the Royal Navy now have the 2400 PSK system present instead Sample of frequencies 2535 3370 4578 6410 8158 10480 16164kHz A number of signals have been noted sending 1800bps QPSK data User is unknown but s
25. also incorporates a data inter leaving system that assists in minimizing the effects of atmospheric noise and has the ability to fix garbled data G tor tries to perform all transmissions at 300bd but drops to 200bd if difficulties are encountered and finally to 100 bd All acknowledgments ACK s and NAK s are sent at 100 bd Swedish Adaptive simplex ARQ used by Swedish Diplo services typically 100 bd Comes in the 3 packet lengths 3 9 and 22 Universal literature refers to this as short medium and long The system is able to change packet length in mid transmission depending on conditions giving SWED ARQ its adaptive capability Also known as ARQ SWE 4 frequency diplex system used by organizations such as Interpol and United Nations and the government Diplo services of countries such as Australia Denmark Holland Norway Pakistan and Spain Typically runs at 100 and rarely at 200 or 300 bd This 2 channel system supports several different shift parameters and word SITOR A SI ARQ MERLIN ALIS RS ARQ DUP ARQ DUP ARQ 2 bit character or not interleaved of the channel characters but is easy to identify because of its 4 peak signal Reference Table 4 F for all the parameters This system was developed by Thrane and Thrane of Denmark Also known as F7B4 or TWINPLEX SITOR Also see Section 1 H BAUDOT F7BBN for another form of TWINPLEX The most common ARQ signal used by Amateur Marine and some Gov Diplo service
26. ameritel net Stan Scalsky Digitalradio http groups yahoo com group digitalradio This is a meeting place to discuss amateur radio digital applications such as RTTY CW PSK31 PSK63F PSK10 MFSK16 THROB ALE PACTOR HELL SSTV and more There are several reflectors dedicated to these separate modes but this egroup focuses on all digital modes DXSoft http groups yahoo com group dxsoft For discussing DXsoft products such as TrueTTY and SeaTTY JVComm http www jvcomm de forum index html For discussing the JVComm32 software Mixw http groups yahoo com group mixw MMTTY http groups yahoo com group MMTTY AEA Timewave PK232 http groups yahoo com group PK232 Rigblaster http groups yahoo com group rigblaster RXPlus http groups yahoo com group RxPlus Skysweeper http groups yahoo com group skysweeper Worldwide Utility News http www wunclub com A worldwide electronic club dealing exclusively with Utility Signals on HF Newsletter is sent on a monthly basis electronically Topics covered include International Civil Aero Logs Digital Signals Nautical Military Numbers and Longwave Section 8 Appendix 8 A Appendix A Abbreviations The use of abbreviations is becoming quite common and sometimes confusing in todays radio related literature There has been an explosion of new DSP related technology in recent years being applied to all aspects of telecommunications Below is a modest attempt to d
27. and 2 FAX 60 90 120 240 LPM 288 352 576 IOC B W amp 16 shade FEC A with Error correction enabled FEC 100 FEC 101 Option Specials GMDSS DSC Option Specials HC ARQ Option Specials HELLSCHREIBER HNG FEC Option Specials AX 25 Packet 300 Baud PACTOR including ICRC and UNHCR variants PICCOLO Mark VI Option Specials POL ARQ ROU FEC RUM FEC Option Specials SI FEC FEC S SITOR A SITOR B SPREAD 11 21 51 built into AUTOSPEC module SWED ARQ ARQ SWED SYNOP AAXX and BBXX decoding Option SYNOP TORG 10 amp 11 Option Specials TWINPLEX Frequency Spectrum Frequency Scope Auto Classification IBM Compatible PC 80286 or better Mono or Colour Monitor 1 free serial port for LF3 Interface connection US Computer Aided Technologies PO Box 18292 Shreveport LA 71138 USA Tel 318 636 1234 email scancat scancat com http www scancat com NL Hoka Electronics Flessingsterrein 13 NL 9665 BZ Oude Pekela Netherlands Tel 31 5978 12327 email info hoka com Code 3 Gold NOTE Supported but no longer in development per their web page http www hoka net old_product code3gold code3golduk htm Intermediate The Code 3 Gold is the latest incarnation of the capable Code 3 decoder software Arriving in a newly repackaged interface now fitting into a dongle stlye standard RF shielded serial connector This interface needs no external power supply with all power coming dire
28. as the Harris 39 tone modem in postings or HARCO 39 in Klingenfuss frequency lists Check out 6712 0 Croughton or 11223 0 11183 0 or 5720kHz A 39 tone modem sounds like noise so as you tune across this signal an S meter will rise and fall It sounds very much like tuning a noisy frequency A commercial unit from Codan Pty of Australia currently used in Australia and Africa by the United Nations aid agencies and various public authorities The modem uses 16 tones and are QPSK modulated The tones range from 656 25Hz to 2343 75Hz with a tone shift of 112 5Hz and runs at 2400bps The modem is fully automatic and supports compression and selective calling No ALE is used for link setup but a simple beacon call and audio analysis on the return signal is all thats needed This modem is mainly used in mobile networks The modem has a few distinctive sounds to it A 2 sec squawk is used to realign channels If you hear short bursts then the modem is idling These signals are used for transmitting pictures mostly marine weather maps over the airwaves and make a distinctive scratch like sound Press FAX can still be found but with less frequency as Press services continue to move to satellite HELLSCHREIBER FAX like mode in that it was used to send pictures but works more like common RTTY The Siemans systems listed below used start stop signalling FSK and the Field HELL unit was semi synchronous The system was used by the Chines
29. asynchronous system uses a packet like protocol with no defined timing and supports packet block sizes of 38 68 and 188 ITA2 characters but always runs at 240 bd A mode used to allow data communications between PCs and dumb terminals This system is typically used by radio amateurs and to a lesser degree United Nations organizations Incompatible versions also exist and are in use by quasi governmental organizations such as ICRC UNHCR or IFRB Typically the AX 25 protocol in corporates a modified CRC On HF there are a few items to note Typically 300 bd on SW Data is arranged in packets of up to 256 bytes of 8 bit ASCII data Each packet con tains a 1 byte start flag 3 byte address field 1 byte control field 0 256 bytes of data 2 byte CRC and finally a 1 byte end flag Packets are transmitted with no fixed timing See the latest specification published by the American Radio Relay League ARRL for complete details on this system There is also some 1200 baud PSK work done in the 10 meter ham band Automatic Packet Reporting System or APRS is an appli cation that runs on top of AX 25 It was invented by Bob Bruninga WA4APR that utilizes GPS data to plot a packet station s location on a map of a given region city state or even country Due to the graphics involved units like the M8000 will not read this data however units like the PK232 can read it with the use of special software Signals utilizing this mode are found
30. c Possible Russian TDM system ee E O RL e s k I I I I I I I I I v v v v 398 27 703 2 a 362 4 500 10 12 7 360 5 780 12 91 301 5 hdr 8 1 al 300 6 190 12 91 300 12 850 448 12 91 300 800 0 Ipstl 300 200 10 300 200 17 2 a 250 170 22 13 3 250 150 75 150 13 2 250 170 15 75 12 6 l I I I 250 850 32 176 2 7 250 170 19 38 57 76 2 5 225 170 hdr 8 12 81 216 07 114 84 2 b 203 56 400 13 1 200 3 85 12 31 200 170 250 Ipstl I I I I 200 64 12 61 200 400 12 7 200 450 200 1000 0 12 91 200 1044 646 13 3 186 6 178 240 Ipstl 161 330 12 91 I I I I I I I I 150 100 28 224 12 6 150 1700 12 7 150 170 150 853 1399 13 3 144 200 144 170 0 12 7 126 250 7 2 a 120 96 330 12 91 I I I I I I I I 115 74 380 110 170 0 109 81 170 hdr 64 tfc 0 109 3 340 12 11 108 9 170 0 32 64 96 200 2 4 idl 32 tfc 0 107 53 500 100 3 200 38 76 12 31 I I I I 100 13 400 190 12 7 100bps 6 200 12 7 I I I I 100 500 162 3 b 80 5 300 Ipstl 75 850 hdr 65 tfc 0 2 8 75 250 I I I I 75 200 300 3 b 75 170 12 8 75 70 0 12 81 Baud or bps when labelled Shift Hz ACF or signal period First identified WUN issue Comments in is FAQ name acks 301 780 packet like Packet like w orig MFA Helsinki 10bit char 1200bits burst
31. capability of supporting the development of unique decode modes The W41PC source code available to official organizations or other authorized users allows complete control over all parameters All modes that the W4050 except Packet 600 Spread 31 Coquelet 16 30 Additional Modes Packet 9600 Pactor II HFDL HF Acars Same character set as W41PC FFT real time spectrum waterfall sonagram Real Time oscilliscope FSK Shift and baudrate measurement PSK Symbol rate and phase plane MFSK analysis HF code analysis High precision baudrate Autocorrelation Bit length analysis Bit correlation Pentium 200 Mhz Windows machine min 800x600 resolution Requires a 16 bit ISA slot WaveCom Nachrichtentechnik AG Hammerstrasse 8 CH 8180 Buelach Switzerland Tel 41 1 872 70 60 Klingenfuss Publication Hagenloher Str 14 D 72070 Tuebingen Germany Tel 49 7071 62830 info http www klingenfuss org email klingenfuss compuserve com SCS PTC IIex SCS PTC IIPro http www scs ptc com news html Professional DSP modem for PACTOR II and other modes The de facto standard for Airmail and other Pactor based mailboxes Modems will support packet radio up to 19200 baud with no additional hardware Optional PACTOR III support The Pro version adds a GPS interface for NMEA data integrated RS232 TTL interface and a TCXO for added stability at higher baud rates Synopsis Modes Decoded Analysis Tools Extras Requi
32. discontinued discontinued but upgrade program mentioned on Timewave web site out of business out of production superceded by KAM98 superceded by KAM XL out of production out of business out of production new new new new new new new new new new new new new new new new new new new new new new The following units were at one time all sold by Universal Radio Please see this URL for further information http www universal radio com catalog decoders rttymods pdf M 200F M400 M600 M600A M900 M1000 M1200 M6000 These are units currently in production Unit BMK MULTY v3 43 P38 internal DSP DXP38 external DSP DSP4100 internal PCI4100 external KAM XL MFJ1213 MFJ1214PC MFJ1224 MFJ1225 MFJ1276 MFJ1278B data controller PC HF Facsimile V 8 0 Tigertronics BP 2M Timewave PK232DSP PSK31 M8000 Self Contained Units M450 AOR TDF 370 MFJ 462B MultiReader AOR ARD 2 Public Domain Shareware Hamcomm RadioRaft XPERTA JVComm32 Terman 93 Meteoware Intercom MMTTY TrueTTY SeaTTY MultiPSK Skysweeper Multimode Selected Soundcard Interfaces Rigblaster Nomic Tigertronics Signalink Windows SSTV VOX Controller Rascal Rascal Isolated MFJ 1275 1275M MFJ 1279 1279M 1279T Donner s Digital Interfaces Manufacturer Distributor Kantronics MFJ MFJ MFJ MFJ MFJ MFJ Software Systems Consulting Tigertronics Timewave Universal Manufacturer Distributor Univers
33. duplex ARQ system used to transmit Meteo data using 10 11 bit blocks of ITA2 coded data plus error correction Typically running 100 bd 500Hz shift TORG 11 is also known as CIS 11 and has not been used by the Russians for years Various NATO members have equipment which generates 75bd or more rarely 100bd RTTY with a variety of shifts from 85Hz to 850Hz Within the service these systems are usually known as RATT or CRATT Crypto RAdio TeleType We also have indications of the system being known as Beaver US or Link 4 although this is unconfirmed at present Traffic can often be recognized by twice repeated header block of 256 bits which shows an ACF of 64 and by a period of sustained reversals between messages The remainder of traffic is pseudo random Such a system can be found permanently on 4711 6702 and 11264kHz We believe that this system is closely related to the Royal Navy s common Fleet Broadcast 75bd or 100bd system which has a message preamble of 16 RYs and VMGTCNJBH in Baudot before switching to encryption A similar system has been reported in use by the French with a synchronization string of VYMGTCN Reference Digital Review column in WUN V1 1 2 95 and WUN V1 11 11 95 1 H ASYNCHRONOUS BIT STREAM signals These signals sound like the continuous bit stream signals but with a subtle cadence difference to them They are most often encountered sending traffic BAUDOT ASCII A common signal used by
34. has been noted but is rarely found ACF is typically 55 during idle with a rhythmic cadence to the signal sound When sending traffic the ACF disappears and the sound intensifies to a steady buzz A tip for monitors is to remain on frequency with the decoder set to ASCII ITA 5 at the same speed that the ARQ is sending Once the transfer is complete operator chat often takes place in standard ASCII or BAUDOT A note of caution when measuring this system with its high baud rate Some decoders are unable to measure high baud rates accurately or because of some in built maximum baud ceiling don t show the true baud rate Hoka Code 3 has a maximum measurable baud rate of 480bd and will display a baud rate of 272 73 for a 600bd IRA ARQ signal and 363 63 for an 800bd IRA ARQ signal The Hoka Code 30 also has the 480bd maximum but word has it that this will be removed in a later version I have no comparison to offer concerning the Wavecom unit s ability to measure high baud rate systems at this time A single channel duplex ARQ system used by Polish and Italian Diplo services typically at 100 bd but also found less frequently at 200bd This system uses the CCIR 476 4 alphabet with same polarity retained Can be easily confused with Sitor B Previously believed by the community at large to be a fabrication it has been revealed that the system actually exists MEROD Message Entry and Read Out Device is the commercial name for the Racal man
35. is encrypted Ideally encrypted signals contain no regular patterns Below is a table of known signals and their ACF values In the table Preamble is defined as the non random portion preceeding an encrypted signal Many believe that this is used to sync the transmitter and receiver of the Signal being transmitted For signals that are mostly off line encrypted figure letter group encryption or sent clear text data is defined as the time which the signal is actually transmitting data or not idling Many signals don t have a distinct idle sequence but instead transmit data then terminate Idle is defined as the time the signal is sending an idle sequence Many signals have distinct idle modes and spend many hours idling Many times you will see a different pattern displayed by the auto correlation BIT module of a signal sending data and idling but they will have the same ACF PSSss SSS STS SSS TSS SoS sessanta System name k a a Preamble ACF Data Traffic ACF I I I Idle ACF v v v v Comment BEE 36 50 70 0 2 tfc is encrypted 81 81 0 tfc is encrypted ARQ6 70 70 rare ARQ6 90 90 ARQ6 98 98 ARQ E 28 56 28 56 very common mostly idle ARQ E3 28 56 28 56 very common mostly idle ARQ M2 56 56 French Forces 4 CRC ARQ M2 112 112 8 CRC not common ARQ M4 56 56 rare
36. new new new new new new new new new new new new Professional Semi Pro Units Code 3 Code 3 Gold Hoka Code 3 Gold Professional Hoka Code 30A Code 300A Hoka Code 300 32 Hoka w4010 Wavecom W4050DSP Wavecom W4100DSP Wavecom W51PC W51LAN Wavecom W41PC Mark II W41USB Wavecom W40PC Wavecom SCS PTC Ilex SCS PTC IIpro M8000v7 5 Timewave DSP 599zx Decoder Receiver Control Software Hamscope MixW Radiocom 5 1 Winradio Universal FSK Decoder Winradio Digital Suite Mscan Meteo Pro Manufacturer Distributor SCS Special Communications Systems SCS Special Communications Systems Universal Timewave Manufacturer Computer International Inc Winradio Winradio Combi Tech International The following listing shows the units for which no current information has been found and references are included where available Amateur Radio Hobby Units Unit Software AEA PK232 series AEA DSP232 AEA DSP2232 AEA PK900 ERA Microreader Franklin Converter Kantronics KAM KAM98 Mode Master MCL 1100 Personal Code Explorer Company Advanced Electronics Advanced Electronics Advanced Electronics Advanced Electronics ERA Logic Limited Kantronics Kantronics Lowe Applications Applications Applications Applications Momentum Communications Microcraft Corporation They may show up on the used market Company folded in 1996 now sold under the Timewave label discontinued
37. of manufacturers in Section 5 for details I also like a responsive manufacturer who regularly updates their decoder in line with developments on the air Variations on existing systems and completely new systems are still appearing today See the table in section 1 K for some examples Section 1 Modes on Shortwave What modes are currently on shortwave This section attempts to present a little information about each kind of signal that can be heard within the shortwave spectrum Signals are grouped together by the way they sound This is an attempt to narrow the field of possible signals when trying to identify an unknown The typical baud rate s of the signal is mentioned if known and any other synonyms or possible names are given But don t make the assumption that these are ALL the modes you will ever hear There are many signals that remain unidentified See section 1 K for an extensive list of unknowns For specific details concerning modulation framing and alphabets used by any of the following signals see Section 4 0 on System Parameters 1 A SINGLE TONE systems Single tone systems are becoming common these days with the classic Morse still in use and found in most utility bands Newer single tone systems using Phase Shift modulation are starting to appear and are supposed to perform well in poor conditions CW Morse code still used by the Amateur community and Marine operations Speed varies depending on whether han
38. of which can build onto one another Modes Decoded Lite CW RTTY PSK31 PSK63 PSK125 MFSK16 2MFSK16 4MFSK16 Skyboost Recorder Timer SSTV HELLSCHREIBER Standard Plus Same as above plus QPSK31 SSTV Hellschreiber transmit Additional Receive Modes AX25 Packet 3 02 version DGPS GMDSS DSC HF and VHF HFDL HF FAX ALE PACTOR 1 SELCAL SITOR A B SHIP SYNOP Satellite FAX PSK105 Hell PSK245 Hell Feld Hell MFSK36 CROWD36 DTMF PICCOLO 6 12 COQUELET8 13 Stanag 4285 Stanag 5066 SSTV Modes Martin 1 2 Scottie 1 2 Scottie DX Professional All of the above plus configurable generic decoders FSK MFSK MPSK MSK PAM PSK QPSK Stanag 4285 Stanag 5066 DSP and Analysis Tools Lite Standard Plus FIR NOISEMIN NOTCH MIXER SHIFT PITCH Signal Recorder Hum removal Autocorrelation High Resolution FFT 3FFT Spectrum and Waterfall Professional Modulation speed Signal phase and bit domain analysis Online Offline Bit Analyzer PSK Speed Analyzer Recommended System requirements Win9x Win2000 WinME Win NT and WinXP 600 Mhz recommended 1 Ghz processor 64 MB RAM recommended 128 MB 30MB disk space duplex sound card Contact Information Registrations info2 skysweep com FAX 358 9 8514639 Customer Service info2 skysweep com Technical Support tech skysweep com Feedback feedback skysweep com Dealers UK Pervisell 8 Temple End High Wycombe Bucks HP13 5DR Tel 44 1494 443033 Fax 44 1494 448236 Email sales pervis
39. support GTOR Dual port HF amp VHF PACKET l operation supported Programmable NAVTEX WEFAX Mark Space supported support available eee ee ee wee ew e e ew ew we ew e ee e ee e e we ee ee ee ee ee ee ee ee ee ee yy Updated version of the KAM Cont Same as KAM except linues support for GTOR and adds WEFAX now standard EMWIN and GPS support Now has 2 ladds EMWIN GPS and A D ports and 2 Control line remote control inputs telemetry and HF I email eee ee ee we ee e ee ew ww ew ew we ew ew ew ew ew we ee ee ee eee ee ee ee ee ee eee Baudot RTTY CW from the makers of the popular HF SITOR A SITOR B series receivers The system de FAX codes the basic HF systems and also provides a map facility for driving the system IBM PC needed eee ee ee we e ew e e e ew we ew ew we ew ew ew we wee ew ee e yy eee ee ee ew ew ee ee ee e Baudot RTTY 45 45 composite monitor for display On 50 75 100 110 200 screen tuning graph is displayed w 300bd ASCII 45 45 status line Auto or manual tuning 50 75 100 110 200 lot signal supported Optional serial 300bd SITOR A B port supported 12V DC power supply CW Personal Code Explorer 4 93 MT 6 B 2 CURRENT MODELS BMK MULTY v3 43 HAL DSP4100 PCI4100 KAM XL Multimode Controller MFJ1213 PC interface MFJ1214PC MFJ1224 1225 I 4 B Hardware card supports the commo
40. the Amateur community many military and government services typically 50 75 or 100 bd Inversion is possible but not frequently encountered on the data bits giving 2 5 32 possible arrangements Watch for stations sending BAUDOT but using different character sets such as Arabic ATU 70 4th Shift Arabic ATU 80 or Cyrillic they might look like scrambled transmissions at first glance Reference the Klingenfuss RadioTeletype Code Manual 13th Edition for some good examples and partial dictionaries Also known as RTTY or ITA2 A rarely found signal used by the amateur community typically 110 or 300 bd but has been tested in recent times by VOA Amateur station WIAW still transmits ASCII bulletins Many times Bulgarian IRA ARQ operator traffic can be decoded using ASCII Also known as ITA5 or IRA BAUDOT F7BBN This is a 2 channel simplex asynchronous BAUDOT signal also referenced as TWINPLEX Its form according to CCIR Recommendation 346 1 is 4 Frequency diplex systems Dusseldorf 1990 Hoka Code 3 and Code 30 have a module for this labeled as Baudot F7BBN 2ch ITA 2 RTTY This is a 2 channel 4 tone diplex asynchronous signal usually consisting of 2 channels of ITA 2 baudot running at the same speed or according to Rec 346 1 1 channel baudot 1 channel morse code According to the recommendation both channels are often scrambled and no loggings of this form have been found to date 1 I MULTI CHANNEL BUZZSAW like signals Th
41. this will most likely change It is safe to say that the more efficient a modulation coding method is the more noise like it must become I have heard it said in some digital groups that Any sufficiently advanced communication is indistinguishable from noise And now a word about decoders There are many kinds of data decoders available ranging from public domain packages to professional dedicated units Prices vary from free up to very expensive and price is dependent on how much you want to be able to decode and what tools are available for signal analysis and identification Public domain packages while good can not compete with the capability provided by the more expensive dedicated data decoder unit It is safe to say that price goes up with increased capability in this market be prepared to spend some big money if you want to cover a lot of modes A good rule of thumb is that a top spec decoder will cost as much as a top spec radio i e upwards of 2 000 dollars You ll also need to decide upon whether to buy a stand alone decoder or one that requires a computer to run The latter option will of course increase the cost if you don t already possess a machine but does add flexibility to a decoder See the Decoders reference in Section 5 for unit specifics on capability and pricing What should you look for in a decoder Some useful features include Signal Identification Accurate baud rate measurement Correlation Bit Ana
42. transmitter side to stop using the interfered with channel This accounts for those less then 7 channel VFT s sometimes found Also known as BARRIE 6028 or USA 7 channel modem Note channel numbering was selected arbitrarily 1234567 some documents show channel numbering as 3614752 which are the channels in time order Baudot 45 100bd I I I I I I I 7 ch diversity shift 170 170 170 170 170 170 170 oo ttt KEL MS MS MS MSMS MS MS I I oI I tod I I I Il I DI II I 1 Il I I I 0 1000 2000 3000 I I I I I I I I offset 560 850 1190 1530 1870 2210 2550 2890 channel P 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Note the Pilot tone at 560kHz is an unmodulated tone Belgian Diplo MFA Brussels Embassy Beirut circuits to South Africa South America and southern Europe have been noted using what seems to be a modified BR6028 system Configuration shows pilot tone ch 1 NO ch 2 Ch 3 7 Channel 2 never seems to be present All channels carry 100bd 170 Baudot delayed in time by 0 5 secs This VFT form has been noted on the following frequencies 11107 14476 and 14904 most early mornings 06 08UTC a SS5 Ss5554 gt 5 benna K alar k nina Kia Baudot 100bd I I w ch diversity shift 170 170 170 170 170 170 Heth tebe KELL 4 M S M S M S M S M S M S
43. upper case letters This alphabet uses up to 7 bits and sometimes includes a 8th bit for parity ITA2P is also referenced as ARQla by some manufacturers ITA2P is 5 bit ITA2 converted to 7 A character is composed of 1 sync bit 5 bit ITA2 char parity Sync bit is always 1 except for idle and RQ parity is odd BAUER is a 10 bit alphabet used by AUTOSPEC and SPREAD and is composed of a 5 bit ITA2 char 5 bits parity The parity arrangement is selectable and is often encountered with 5 bit ITA2 5 bit ITA2 repeated In the even parity scenario the second 5 bits are inverted 16 bit alphabet 0 is a 16 bit alphabet used only by ROU FEC 16 bit alphabet 1 is a 16 bit alphabet mod 10 used only by ROU FEC THESE ALPHABETS ARE LISTED IN Wavecom 4100 literature no further details The ROU FEC alphabet is arranged with a single character length of 16 bits and each 32 bit pattern equals one ITA2 character Note that the actual ITA2 character bit pattern does not appear in the ROU FEC character bit pattern This is because the alphabet is designed to obtain a maximum Hamming distance FEC A uses convolutional error correction with shift register lengths of 72 or 128 bits Every 2nd bit is used for convolutional error correction making each codeword 14 bits With the introduction of the W4100DSP and W4lpc Wavecom has introduced some new alphabets TASS Cyrillic Bulgarian ASCII Alphabet no 403 used by Coquelet 8 Alphabets no 401 and 40
44. used by the brotherhood stations to wake up the receiving station operator outside normally scheduled transmissions Reported to be part of the CROWD36 system outlined above It is composed of 6 MIL188 TT2300b TPLEX MERLIN ALIS 2 RS ARQ LINK 11 tones out of a tone library of 13 See WUN Special Edition V1 3 Apr 95 for a good explanation of the system and its uses An 8 tone MFSK system running at 125 bps with users all over the world including Europe Africa Asia Middle East and China The only good way to distinguish users is by monitoring the follow on voice cw or other modems Tones are spaced 250Hz with tone frequencies of 750hz 1000hz 1250hz 1500hz 1750hz 2000hz 2250hz and 2500hz Symbol duration is 8ms This system looks and sounds very much like TT2300b TPLEX and is easy to confuse but especially look for it preceding the 2400 bps NATO PSK traffic Also known as MFSK188 NATO MIL188 or MIL 188 141 ALE An 8 tone adaptive synchronous system manufactured by Thrane amp Thrane of Denmark The system runs at 100bd or 200bd using 8 bit ASCII with data throughput of 300 or 600bps Primarily designed to be connected directly to a serial port of a computer the system features auto dial subscriber addressing electronic mail and can be connected to a Fax machine The full duplex error correcting 24 unit CRC link protocol is completely transparent to any type of data coding Used by French Diplo UK Civil
45. with 1 stop bit and common shifts of 85Hz 125Hz 250Hz and sometimes 500Hz having been recorded In between or at the end of messages FSK CW has been heard using the callsign RDL The CIS name for this system is T600 81 81 81 29 A Russian URS Military system with some speculation that a number of ex Eastern Bloc countries might also make use of this system This signal is mainly 81 bd pseudo random one or two characters 12 bits usually encrypted Operator chatter can sometimes be found in the clear using Baudot w Cyrillic M2 alphabet It is mainly a 2 ch system but there is a 40 5 bd signal that is a 1 ch variant Most commonly found baud rates are 36 5 40 5 for the 1 ch version and 73 and 81 for the 2 ch version Code30 US Ver 2 5 includes an 81 81 module but no traffic has been recorded yet Speculation is that this older 81 81 system as defined above is no longer in use and that the newer 81 81 system heard NOW is more likely to be derived from the CIS 14 or CIS 27 system 81 29 Reports from the Logs indicate a few different users of this system The shift pattern seems to hold for the other baud rates used by this system Shift Common User 125 Navy 500 Railway Authority 200 250 500 Military 1000 1500 ARS GUARD A Saudi National Guard synchronous FEC system running at 125 bd and 170Hz shift ACF 48 or 96 Check out the following frequencies 7672 5 7869 5 12257 5 12357 5 12362 6 or 12457 5 Maybe known as SAU
46. 1278 Extras RS 232 converter required for M 7000 and M 8000 sold as CAT 7000 and CAT 8000 respectivly Mouse supported Software NCPlus URL http web inter nl net hcc PAONC TNCs SCS PTC plus Software NCPtc2 URL http web inter nl net hcc PAONC TNCs SCS PTCII Software NCTerm URL http web inter nl net hcc PAONC TNCs AEA Timewave PK 232 PK 900 Software XPCom URL http www glaswerks com xpware dos_programs htm TNCs AEA Timewave PK 232 MFJ 1278 AEA Timewave PK 88 Software XPDual URL http www glaswerks com xpware dos_ programs htm TNCs AEA Timewave PK 900 DSP 2232 Software XPKam URL http www glaswerks com xpware dos_programs htm TNCs KPC 9612 and several Kantronics packet modems Software XPPci URL http www glaswerks com xpware dos_programs htm TNCs HAL P38 PCI 4000M DSP 4000 Software XPptc URL http www glaswerks com xpware dos_programs htm TNCs Paccomm PTC SCS PTC SCS PTC Plus 6 E 2 Windows Programs These programs assume Win 9x as a minimum OS many will support 2000 XP ME ect Please see the supplied URL for information Software Airmail 2000 Pactor over HF email URL http www airmail2000 com TNCs SCS PTC II and IIe KAM KAM98 AEA Timewave PK 232 PK 900 DSP 1232 DSP 2232 MFJ 1276 1278B Hal DXP 38 Software Alpha URL http www dh7rg de Sites Alpha goEng htm TNCs SCS PTC PTC II PTC IIE and PTC IIPro Software DSP RTTY URL http www
47. 144bd 200Hz FEC system with each channel spaced by 950Hz The FEC system appears to be a synchronous system with no apparent ACF and is used by Russian PTTs It has been noted on the following frequencies 8077kHz nighttime and 14814kHz daytime It has also be noted in the past on 8063 14327 shift offset channel FEC 101 shift offset channel shift offset chan Unid FEC 144bd 200 200 200 MS MS MS DI DI DI Il DI 1000 12000 I 3000 950 1900 2850 1 2 3 formerly labelled 3 ch FEC 100 3 channels of FEC 100 are known to be in use by Israeli Military German Indian MFA and Serbian Diplomatic services Usual channel speeds are 3 channels of 144 96 or 192bd with shifts between 80Hz and 170Hz The 3ch 192bd 170 Hz arrangement with a channel spacing of 680Hz is German Air Force shown below Also Indian MFA Dehli has been using a 3ch VFT with 96 170 and shifted 650Hz This system a 3ch FDM and TDM system with each channel delayed in relation to the others and spaced apart to reduce any intermodulation ee E S riad alice Ta E FEC 100 96 144 or 192bd 170 170 170 MS MS MS DI 1 DI DI 1000 12000 3000 680 1280 1900 1 2 3
48. 1979 that supports tone only numeric and voice paging It is based on the 5 6 tone system but uses a total of 16 tones 0 9 A F Repeat Selected combinations of tones can be used to activate special features built into the pager HSC and 5 6 tone systems can work together on the same frequency European 5 6 tone Systems This analog paging format uses tone sets defined by various European and United States standards organizations This analog system uses 10 tones plus one extra tone in most cases as a Repeat tone The Repeat tone is used when two tones representing the same number follow in sequence For example 99222 would use the tone sequence 9R2R2 Pagers using this format support up to 1 million pagers and support tone only and voice paging Tones supported are listed in the following as digit frequency in Hz Also see Table 4 H CCIR1 CCIR2 CCITT EIA NATEL ZVEI1 2 VDEW and EURO5 are 5 tone EURO is 6 tone EEA SELCAL system conforming to Electronic Engineering Association United Kingdom recommendations Tones supported 0 1981 1 1124 2 1197 3 1275 4 1358 5 1446 6 1540 7 1640 8 1747 9 1860 A 1055 B 930 C 2246 9 D 991 E 2110 F O with a tone duration of 40ms CCIR 1 CCIR 1 recommendations from Comite Consultatif International De Radio Tones supported 0 1981 1 1124 2 1197 3 1275 4 1358 5 1446 6 1540 7 1640 8 1747 9 1860 A 2400 B 930 C 2246 9 D 991 E 2110 F 0 with a tone duration of 100ms CCIR 7 SELCAL system co
49. 2 used by Coquelet 13 Alphabets 80S and 82S used by Coquelet 82 These alphabets are based on ITA2 a 5 bit alphabet Cyrillic M2 Cyrillic M19 Hebrew Arabic ATU 70 Baghdad 70 4th shift Arabic ATU 80 Baghdad 80 3rd shift Greek 3rd shift Korean 3rd shift Amharic 3rd shift Thai transparent o 3rd shift Japanese is a 6 element code with start and stop signals used in Japan for their national TELEX network Code Tables B defined as 0 spc start Y defined as 1 mrk stop ITA2 Telex Mil ITA2P SITOR No Letter Figure Fig Fig ITA2 ARQ1A ITA3 CCIR476 1 A YYBBB BYYBBBY BBYYBYB BBBYYYB 2 B YBBYY BYBBYYB BBYYBBY YBYYBBB 3 Cc BYYYB BBYYYBB YBBYYBB BYBBBYY 4 D 1 wru YBBYB BYBBYBY BBYYYBB BBYYBYB 5 E 3 3 3 YBBBB BYBBBBB BYYYBBB YBBYBYB 6 F 2 YBYYB BYBYYBB BBYBBYY 1 BBYBBYY 7 G amp 2 amp amp BYBYY BBYBYYB YYBBBBY BYBYBBY 8 H 2 stop BBYBY BBBYBYY YBYBBYB BYYBYBB 9 I 8 8 8 BYYBB BBYYBBY YYYBBBB BYBBYYB 10 J 3 bell YYBYB BYYBYBB BYBBBYY BBBYBYY 11 K YYYYB BYYYYBY BBBYBYY YBBBBYY 12 L BYBBY BBYBBYY YYBBBYB BYBYYBB 13 M BBYYY BBBYYYB YBYBBBY BYYBBBY 14 N BBYYB BBBYYBY YBYBYBB BYYBBYB 15 Oo 9 9 9 BBBYY BBBBYYY YBBBYYB BYYYBBB 16 P 0 0 0 BYYBY BBYYBYB YBBYBYB BYBBYBY 17 Q 1 1 1 YYYBY BYYYBYY BBBYYBY YBBBYBY 18 R 4 4 4 BYBYB BBYBYBY YYBBYBB BYBYBYB 19 s 3 j bell YBYBB BYBYBBY BYBYBYB BBYBYYB 20 T 5 5 5 BBBBY BBBBBYB YBBBYBY YYBYBBB 21 U 7 7 7 YYYBB BYYYBBB BYYBB
50. 2225 3378 7 C Frequency Databases Klingenfuss 1997 Super Frequency List 3rd edition DEM 60 Klingenfuss Publications Hagenloher Str 14 D 72070 Tuebingen Germany Frequency Manager for Shortwave Listener Ingenieurburo fur Satellitentechnik 23000 up to date frequencies and 10000 callsigns for aero coast fixed embassy fax volmet and military More than 150 pages descriptions tables all HF systems as a technical handbook integrated in a special help system Tables on NATO routing indicators routing indicators for AFTN callsigns arabic translations HF systems table of system parameters with users recognizing PSK and formats of common telegramms PC Frequenz US 60 Broadcast module optional US 20 Quarterly update US 20 NSK Ingenieurburo fur Satellitentechnik Muhlenweg 11 24217 Stakendorf Germany Tel 01149 4344 6758 Fax 01149 4344 5154 SHOC RadioData SHOC has a Utility database that covers many services such as DIPLO stations Air Maritime Military Police Government Disaster relief United Nations Defense ICRC Read Cross Press Agencies Telecom FAX Meteo and Time Signals The database is maintained by professionals in the monitoring business and is continuously updated The database includes info such as frequency station callsign mode baudrate shift latitude and longitude of the transmitter See their homepage for a complete list of supported database fields and information on the other data
51. 2300Hz SSTV modes PI CSSS SSS Se TSS SSS res sSaS See SS aH Se Hr Sas sSe5 Mode Le a 555555555555 E E LinexPixel Resolution Color RBG seq or B W t Time sec Y v v v Comments AVT 24 128x128 Color 24 There is a 5s digital header and 90 240x320 Color 90 there is no horizontal sync 94 200x320 Color 94 125 400 B W 125 188 320x400 Color 188 Wraase SC 1 24 128x128 Color 24 top 8 lines are grey scale SC 1 48 256x128 Color 48 top 16 lines are grey scale sc 1 96 256x256 Color 96 top 16 lines are grey scale sc 2 30 128 R B G 30 sc 2 60 256 R B G 60 SC 2 120 256 R B G 120 SC 2 180 256 R B G 180 Scottie S1 256x320 G B R 110 top 16 lines are grey scale S2 256x320 G B R 71 top 16 lines are grey scale s3 120 G B R 55 top 8 lines are grey scale s4 120 G B R 36 top 8 lines are grey scale DX 240 G B R 269 top 16 lines are grey scale 4 4 4 4 ScanMatel 512x310 Color 391 ScanMate2 512x310 Color 261 ScanMate DX 256x256 Color 269
52. 70 ARQ S 75 250 170 West African ARQ 84 216 07 114 88 DUP ARQ 90 ARQ6 90 96 ARQ GUARD 98 ARQ6 98 110 RS ARQ ALIS 112 ARQ M2 162 100 500 176 ARTRAC II 224 150 1000 MOSSAD FEC system 448 300 12 850 1399 150 853 Section 5 System Parameters This section lists the unique characteristics of each named mode specifying character length and known alphabet for all modes For synchronous data block systems block length cycle specifics and baud rate is listed For sychronous bit stream systems cycle information and character specifics such as sync bits parity bits and interleaving details are listed Finally for the MFSK systems tones tone layout and tone spacing are listed Synchronous Data Block Systems Table 5 A Se sccmnencosscco nane character size bits I tessera rara EEE alphabet in use I I sc s onsrnercenccesnz cane block size chars e R ea repetition cycle bits I E total rep cycle Lime mS pe ss cycle breakdown as I I I I I ISS IRS rest most commonly found baud v v v v v v v comments ARQ6 70 7 ITA3 6 70 350 42 7 21 200 6ch 35ms 210ms 140ms ps l I I I I I I rare ARQ6 90 7 CCIR476 6 90 450 42 7 41 200 6ch 35ms 210ms 240ms ps
53. 98 or NT 4 0 5MB free hard disk space and 8 MB RAM 16MB recommended and a Timewave DSP 599zx or DSP 59Y Signal Processor 6 A 6 Decoder Receiver Control Software In this section software that combines control over 1 or more receiver models and digital decoding capabilities will be discussed URL Level Synopsis Modes Decoded Analysis Tools Extras Required Supplier URL Level Synopsis Modes Decoded http www computer int com rc htm Mid Level Software This package is unique in that it includes control modules for some 80 receivers and transceivers It includes some sophisticated tools for analysis as well as DSP capability RTTY SITOR including NAVTEX support Synop CW PSK31 FAX AM FM for satellite FAX supported SSTV 5 2 all modes 4 0 Color Scottie 1 Martin 1 SC2 180 Robot 72 DCF77 4 0 Audio Analyzer Dual Scopes Frequency Analyzer Time and Spectrum Scopes Audio recorder Programmable Filters and Equalizers including FFT functions Pentium Celeron at 200 MHz or better 64 MB Ram Duplex sound card with line in Com port for receiver transceiver ctl Windows 95 98 NT4 0 SP3 ME XP Graphics card at 1024x768 16 bit minimum Computer International 207 South US Rte 27 St Johns Michigan 48879 1903 Tel FAX 517 224 1791 1 877 977 6918 Email computer int mintcity com Hamscope http www qsl1 net hamscope Mid Level Software Decoding softw
54. Aviation Authority National Air Traffic System NATS datalink Prestwick Reykjavik and Algerian oil companies This may be logged in some commercial frequency lists as TT2300 ARQ or TRA 2300 The manu facturer s name for the protocol coding is TPLEX 2 distinct modes have been monitored tfc mode and an idling sequence Frequencies to try 5028 7 5109 7 7716 7 7719 7 8 tones 200Hz spacing ACF 8 This is the 240 bd 8 tone burst ARQ mode used in the Rohde amp Schwarz MERLIN modem When the system is found in the 7 tone mode it is in ISS mode the IRS mode uses an 8 tone signal Both will be measured as 240 bd 720 bits sec with tones shifted by 240Hz Character set can be ITA2 or ASCII with 8 bit ASCII being the most common The label ALIS 2 first appeared in the Klingenfuss 14th Ed Utility Guide Reference the MERLIN ALIS note above on naming Turkish German and Italian Diplo stations are the most commonly found users The Italian Diplo stations seem to favor the 5 bit ITA2 mode Turkish Diplo stations have been found using the 8 bit mode for all traffic Monitoring tip Its been discovered that all 8 tone channels have ALIS 228 7bd 2kHz below So if you hear an ALIS procedure in progress on a frequency it s worth waiting to see if 8 tone traffic appears 2kHz higher soon after See section 1 B for ALIS and section 1 K for a packet like MERLIN system A US Military NATO 40 DPSK synchronous system using 16 tones 1
55. CARS MS5 Fire Crowd36 RAC ARQ MEROD MIL 188 141A ALE 8181 AMOR96 FEC100A 101 GTOR Num13 PSK31 RS ARQ 228 240 SKYFAX SYNOP SSTV Martin 1 OOK BFSK MFSK 2DPSK FEK 4 6 8 13 Tones 4DPSK Signal Spectrum Analyser with high precision Baud Rate and Shift measurement Audio Oscilloscope with zoom function Waterfall Auto Correlation Bit Mod functions Speed Bit Phase display Alphabets ITA2 variants Extras Required Supplier URL Level Synopsis Standard International US Military M19 Cyrillic Optional M19 Latinized Optional M2 3rd Shift Cyrillic Optional M2 3rd Shift Latinized Optional Hebrew Optional Arabic ATU 70 Optional Arabic ATU 70 Latinized Optional Arabic ATU 80 4th shift Optional Arabic ATU 80 4th shift Latinized Optional Farsi Optional IBM Compatible PC 486 clone running 25 mhz or better AT style half size slot Mono or Colour Monitor NL Hoka Electronics Flessingsterrein 13 NL 9665 BZ Oude Pekela Netherlands Tel 31 5978 12327 email info hoka com Code 300A NOTE Supported but no longer in development per their web page http www hoka net old_product code300 code300uk htm Comprehensive VERY sophisticated decoder for Experts This module is unique in that it is fully remote controllable allowing for up to 16 seperate monitoring stations at the same time The software can be configured easily as a master slave or standa
56. D NAT ARQ E A very common single channel duplex ARQ system made by Siemens used by French Military Forces Italian Diplo stations and the German Gov typically 48 64 72 86 ARQ E3 ARQ M2 ARQ M4 ARO N AUTOSPEC SPREAD 96 144 192 or 288bd but the system can be adjusted with different gear variants to support user require ments ARQ E can also appear in VFT Some of those baud rates and users are listed below Baud Common Suspected User 46 1 Egypt Jordan Air coordination VET 85 7 encrypt tfc most likely Mossad or BNDVB 184 6 FF circuit used by RFFXQA Sarajevo BIH Also known as ARQ 1000D Another very common single channel duplex ARQ system used by French Military Forces typically 48 64 72 86 96 100 144 or 192 bd A commonly found full duplex synchronous time division multiplex ARQ system w 2 data channels typically using 87 96 or 200 bd French Military Forces are the most commonly found user and this system can idle for long periods of time with no traffic An odd baud rate of 128 5 has been found on a number of circuits between Papeete Tahiti and Mururoa This system comes in 2 flavors one is defined by the old CCIR 242 Recom mendation and the other is defined by the newer CCIR 342 Recommendation Both forms can still be found Also known as TDM ARQ 28 TDM 2 TDM 242 TDM 342 or 96 TDM See Section 4 for Recommendation differences A rarely found full duplex synchronous time division
57. EC ROU FEC TDM ARQ 342 1 2 4 ch TDM ARQ 242 1 2 4 ch DCF 77 Dirty Sitor A FEC 100 RAW FEC 100 Interleave WX decoder meteo SYNOP AAXX and BBXX from Baudot ARQ E3 TORG 10 11 CIS11 Analysis Tools Shift Speed Measurement Power Spectrum 0 a 4 kHz with ZOOM 1 1000 Hze ZOOM 2 500 Hz Waterfall Display 0 4 kHz with ZOOM AD Spectrum with ZOOM 1 and ZOOM 2 Oscilloscope Oscilloscope XY AD Scope Oscilloscope AFP Amplitude Frequency Phase Phase Plane Correlation MOD Correlatin Bit Speed Measurement Mark Space Speed Measurement Preset Speed Bit Analysis Bit Analysis Characters Analysis Duplex Characters Analysis Simplex Auto Classification Demodulator Bit Buffer DOS only Alphabets International ITA 2 US MIL National Scandinavian GREEK 3 Shift Hebrew M19 Cyrillic M19 Latin M2 3 Shift Cyrillic Extras Required Supplier Decoder URL Level Synopsis Modes Decoded M2 3 Shift Latin Arabic 70 Arabic 70 Latin Arabic 80 Arabic 80 Latin Amateur Upper Lower PC 486 or better HIGHLY recommended VGA supported SVGA supported with Tseng ET4000 Runs in a DOS box under Win9x Pentium 100 or better US Computer Aided Technologies PO Box 18292 Shreveport LA 71138 USA Tel 318 636 1234 email scancat scancat com http www scancat com NL Hoka Electronics Flessingsterrein 13 NL 9665 BZ Oude Pekela Netherlands Tel 31 5978 12327 email info hoka com Code 30A http w
58. I I I lI tod I I l 1 0 1000 2000 3000 I I offset 560 850 channel P 1 MULCAST A system used by the US Military composed of 16 channels each WTK170 with an 85 Hz shift spaced 170Hz This system was used by the US Navy and has since disappeared from HF Broadcasts have been monitored with 2 clear channels Ch 14 ran 75bd weather from KAWN and Ch 16 ran 50bd APN UPI news This arrangement is defined by CCITT R 39 1 and is Mode B in the Universal M7000 decoder This system is also referred to as Weston Telegraph Keying 170 WTK170 or Marconi H5000 shift 85 85 85 85 85 85 85 85 85 85 85 85 85 85 85 85 t tt tt tt tt tt tt tt tt tt t MS MS MS MS MS MS MS MS MS MS MS MS MS MS MS MS II II II LA o o 1 tl I ot I 12000 I ot ot 1 1 offset 382 722 1062 1402 1742 2082 2422 2 552 892 1232 1572 1912 2252 2592 2932 23 4 5 6 7 8 9 1011 12 13 14 15 16 Note The above illustrated channels are spaced 170Hz this does not convey well in an ascii representation Note There is also an 8 channel system called Weston Telegraph Keying 340 WTK340 8 channels shifted 340Hz with 170Hz shift on each channel The following VFT signals are commonly found in use by the named users so the authors have assigned names for use as a starting point in future discussions RUS 144 3 channels of
59. IL Russian or UKR 10bit async not ASCII not ITA2 VFT w 2ch 75 70 FSK from GYA RN UK 70 1 unid FSK signal 68 5 85 hdr 10 tfc 0 Not AUTOSPEC SUI FEC 46 1 240 3 3 Idle on reversals 54 13 500 2 b CIS Synchronous data stream 50 500 136 parallel found on other freqs Shifts 250 amp 500 50 250 136 or 272 2 9 Russian 46 1 240 3 3 Idle on reversals 48 12 61 49 tone modem w 620Hz pilot on 15919 0 var 2 8 7 chars of ITA2 P betat7 zeros ARQ E like o WUN issues are numbered 1 9abc for short where c is 12 or the Dec issue o pst posted to the group list Section 2 Modes on VHF There are data signals on VHF currently dominated by pager systems This area will continue to grow over time as more capability is added to existing systems They are included here for reference purposes Many of the high end professional analysis units include a few of the pager modes But keep this in mind according to the ECPA monitoring of all types of paging signals is illegal and the transmissions are considered private The ECPA of course only applies to the US and there may be different laws covering paging signals in effect in other countries But not all modes found on VHF are dedicated to paging there are also systems used by the Aviation industry Public Data Networks the amateur radio community and some European Security forces Police 2 A VHF Data Signals ACARS Aircraf
60. IRA ARQ 172 ARQ M4 242 342 184 6 ARQ E 192 ARQ N ARQ E ARQ E3 ARQ M2 FEC A SI FEC 200 ARQ E3 ARQ M2 ARQ M4 SI FEC IRA ARQ CIS 11 CIS 14 POL ARQ ARS GUARD HNG FEC 218 3 ROU FEC SPREAD 11 21 51 240 IRA ARQ 250 DUP ARQ II DUP FEC II 267 RAC ARQ 288 FEC A CIS 14 ARQ E 300 IRA ARQ CIS 11 384 FEC A 600 IRA ARQ Asynchronous Bit Stream Systems 50 BAUDOT 75 BAUDOT 100 BAUDOT 110 ASCII 300 ASCII Section 4 ACF Summary Table Definition ACF AutoCorrelation Frequency a number that is derived from the Auto Correlation BIT module in the Hoka Code 3 or Code 30 The technique and theory of Autocorrelation is not limited to Hoka equipment as Wavecoms W41PC and W4100DSP also include this analysis tool Result ACF can tell you 1 Character size or Needed if you wish to apply an Frame size alphabet against an unknown signal w Simplex or Duplex Character Repetition Analysis modules Cycle CRC 2 Signal is encrypted ACF 0 or no pattern Theory Autocorrelation is simply the correlation of a signal with itself or a comparison of a signal with itself as a function of time shift By determining the first highest peak in the graphical display of the Auto Correlation BIT module it is possible to discover the periodicity of a signal This allow you to determine the number of bits in a character of a particular signal or the frame size of a signal It also will reveal the randomness of a signal which instantly tells you if a signal
61. MARK frequency chl 425 765 ch5 1785 2125 ch2 595 935 ch 1955 2295 ch3 1105 1445 ch7 2465 2805 ch4 1275 1615 ch8 2635 2975 POR VFT A 7 ch system has been found in use by the Portuguese Army Each channel is shifted by about 200Hz and is based on ITA2 and runs at 200bd per channel Analysis suggests a synchronous baudot with forward error correction The system can be decoded using the Hoka Character Analysis Duplex module with settings on ITA2 5 bit and no interleave The system is used by the Portuguese SFOR units based in Bosnia Try 11198kHz or 11202 1kHz for a sample Listen for the LSB operator chatter between system activity No channel layout yet 1 J Phase Shift Keying systems Nearly all of the systems that we have outlined above use Frequency Shift Keying FSK of one two or more tones However there are many signals to be heard on HF which are Phase modulated Phase Shift Keying or PSK in nature At present only the Hoka Code30 is capable of demodulating such signals and as such this area of listening remains a somewhat uncharted area and none of the systems known about so far have names like the ones we use above However Hoka s Code 30 provides a tool set that allows the user to determine the characteristics of a PSK system with little more effort than an FSK based one This at least allows us ordinary mortals to fingerprint certain types of system In a nutshell here are the commonly encountered
62. MC Piccolo MK1 330 MF Rus Piccolo 1 025 040 034 MG Rus Piccolo 025 010 034 2 MH Rus Piccolo 3 100 040 034 4 MI Rus Piccolo ML Coquelet MK1 MM Coquelet MK1 MP TT2300b Unmodulated carrier 100 010 034 CW telegraphy standard Morse alphabet no sub carrier CW telegraphy standard Morse alphabet with sub carrier DSB used by broadcasting stations VFT on LSB VFT on USB ISB often used by broadcasting stations feeders voice on LSB VFT on USB Telegraphy Cyrillic Morse alphabet RTTY FAX FM FAX AM SSB telephony suppressed carrier FAX 500HJ2DEN F1BCN FA F1BBN CB F7BDX HB 175 200 175 EX ts fx ey fF The END _7 ral va 1
63. MK 6 PICCOLO MK 12 POL ARQ PRESS FAX PSK31 RUM FEC SI ARQ SI AUTO SI FEC SITOR ARQ SITOR AUTO SITOR FEC SPREAD 11 21 31 SSTV MODES Martin 1 4 Scottie 1 4 sc 1 16 32 Robot 8 12 24 36 Wraase SC1 24 48 96 Wraase SC2 30 60 120 180 SWED ARQ TWINPLEX WEATHER FAX ITA 1 Latin 5 bit Analysis Tools Hardware Firmware Di with the W4100DSP Extras Required Supplier Decoder URL Level Synopsis Modes Decoded Alphabets ITA 2 Latin 5 bit ITA 2 Latin 5 bit transparent ITA 2 Cyrillic ITA 2 Danish Norwegian ITA 2 Swedish Baghdad70 Arabic Baghdad80 Arabic Cyrillic Third Shift and TASS Greek Third Shift US ASCII German ASCII Danish Norwegian ASCII Swedish ASCII Bulgarian ASCII SITOR 7 bit ARQIA Bauer HNG FEC RUM FEC Latin and Cyrillic Morse Real Time FFT with adjustable cursors FFT bandwidths of 24khz 4khz 1khz 500 hz FFT averaging 1 64 4 FFT windows available Real Time Waterfall Sonogram and Oscilloscope The following analysis are available with full graphical display and cursors HF VHF UHF baudrate HF VHF UHF shift DPSK BPSK QPSK bitrate measurement DPSK BPSK QPSK phase plane display Baudrate and shift resolution Autocorrelation bit length and x y zoom Bit Analysis Raw FSK analysis HF MSK analysis VHF UHF selcall analysis F7B analysis fferences uses a 13 5 vDC 1 3 amp supply has no DSP receiver interface 21 4 MHz IF input an opti
64. Monitoring Times e mail mteditor grove net http www monitoringtimes com HFFAX e mail hffax compuserve com Marius Rensen http www hffax de 7 B Magazines and Books International Telecommunication Union The ITU publishes lots of information all avaiable at cost on all aspects of radio and its management One of the best and most applicable documents the ITU makes available is Spectrum Monitoring Handbook 1995 ISBN 92 61 05761 6 International Telecommunication Union Sales and Marketing Service Place des Nations CH 1211 Geneva 20 Switzerland Internet sales itu ch Monitoring Times An all round covers all aspects of the shortwave hobby type of magazine No regular RTTY column since Jack Albert stopped writing but covers some digital issues in their Federal File Utility World or Digital Digest columns This magazine is published by Grove Enterprises Monitoring Times P O Box 98 300 S Highway 64 West Brasstown NC 28902 0098 704 837 9200 All rates quoted in US Dollars as of 2002 05 issue Electronic subscription 19 95 for 1 year 38 90 for 2 years 57 85 for 3 years 6 months 1 year 2 years 3 years US Rate 14 00 25 95 49 95 73 95 US lst class 29 50 56 95 111 95 166 95 Canada Surface 21 00 38 50 73 95 109 95 Foreign 30 00 57 50 112 95 168 50 RTTY Listener This newsletter was available free of charge to owners of Universal decoder boxes M1000 M1200 M7000 and M8000 Bound reprints are avail
65. OR NAVTEX mode Changes are user installable Mailbox ops by changing EEPROMS and some simple ARQ M2 TDM soldering The PSK31 version PSK31 PK232 PSK31 lincludes a soundcard interface for version only this popular mode 1 1 DI DI MFJ1276 191 1 1 1 MFJ1278B 19 DI DI DI 1 1 DI DI DI 1 1 1 PC HF Facsimile IA v8 0 DI DI 1 1 1 1 Tigertronics BP 2M C DI DI 1 1 DI Timewave PK232DSP D PSK31 LI 1 1 1 DI 1 DI DI Suppliers 1 AEA went out of business in 1996 some of its older digital products are supported by Timewave item D 2 3 4 5 6 written by G4BMK distributed by BARTG software sales ERA 26 Clarendon Court Winwick Quay Warrington WA2 8QP United Kingdom Tel 44 1925 573118 NOTE Thought to Logic Limited 113 Tel orders 800 NOTE Thought to HAL Communications Urbana IL 61801 0 be out of business Cascade St Morganton NC 28655 439 8898 tech line 704 437 1833 be out of business Corp P O Box 365 365 Tel 217 367 7373 email halcomm halcomm com http www halcomm Kantronics com 7 8 9 A B C D 1202 East 23rd Street Lawrence KS 66046 Phone 785 842 7745 FAX 785 842 2031 email sales kantronics com http www k
66. RQ 171 42 IRA ARQ 192 SI ARQ 200 ARQ6 70 ARQ6 90 98 TWINPLEX ARTOR SI ARQ PACTOR G TOR 200 20 IRA ARQ 228 5 MERLIN ALIS RS ARQ 250 DUP ARQ 2 300 TWINPLEX G TOR 300 30 IRA ARQ 457 MERLIN ALIS RS ARQ Packet like Systems 125 CLOVER 225 MERLIN ALIS 240 HC ARQ 250 CLOVER 300 PACKET 375 CLOVER 500 CLOVER 1200 ACARS HFDL Multi tone MFSK Systems 12 5 COQUELET 13 13 33 COQUELET 8 20 COQUELET 13 PICCOLO Mk6 26 67 COQUELET 8 40 COQUELET 13 CROWD36 PICCOLO Mk10 100 MIL188 TT2300b 240 MERLIN ALIS 2 7 tone burst ARQ ALIS mode 1364 b s LINK 11 2250 b s LINK 11 Synchronous Bit Stream Systems 36 BEE 36 50 36 5 81 81 40 5 81 81 42 1 CIS 14 46 1 ARQ E 47 5 CIS 14 48 ARQ E ARQ E3 ARQ N CIS 14 50 CIS 11 CIS 14 ARQ E BEE 36 50 62 3 AUTOSPEC SPREAD 11 21 51 64 ARQ E ARQ E3 ARQ N 68 5 AUTOSPEC SPREAD 11 21 51 SUI FEC 70 5 CIS 14 72 ARQ N ARQ E ARQ E3 CIS 14 73 81 81 75 IRA ARQ 81 81 81 83 3 CIS 14 84 21 CIS 14 85 7 ARQ E ARQ M2 242 342 ARQ N 86 ARQ E ARQ E3 87 ARQ M2 ARQ M4 94 11 CIS 14 96 ARQ N ARQ E ARQ E3 ARQ M2 ARQ M4 FEC A SI FEC CIS 14 100 POL ARQ SITOR B TORG 10 IRA ARQ CIS 11 CIS 14 ARQ E3 BEE 36 50 ARS GUARD SI FEC 100 05 HNG FEC 102 7 AUTOSPEC SPREAD 11 21 51 109 3 SITOR B 110 IRA ARQ 125 ARS GUARD DUP FEC 2 128 5 ARQ M2 342 137 SPREAD 11 21 51 144 ARQ N ARQ E ARQ E3 FEC A CIS 14 150 IRA ARQ CIS 11 CIS 14 RAC ARQ 162 81 81 164 48 ROU FEC 171 ARQ E 171 42
67. Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies UNO MSF Medicins sans Frontiers Pactor I is the original implementation and is also known as FSK Pactor Pactor II is DSP based and is as much as 8 times faster then Pactor I A Pactor Level II signal features 2 tones w 200Hz shift using baud rates of 100 or 200 fitting into a 500Hz channel Pactor II is a half duplex synchronous ARQ system and designed to be backward compatible with the older Pactor Level I protocol The system can handle raw 8 bit data and ASCII compression Depending on band conditions the data throughput can be increased by changing the modulation form used Maximum throughput is 800 bps Pactor Level II is operational in Europe and is in the manufacturing stage in the US format baud rate DBPSK Differential Binary PSK 200 bps DOPSK Differential Quad PSK 400 bps 8 DPSK 8 phase Differential PSK 600 bps 16 DPSK 16 phase Differential PSK 800 bps 1 C PACKET like signals or ASYNCHRONOUS DATA BLOCK signals While packet signals are a non continuous signal much like SITOR A their sound is totally different from the regular chirp chirp sound of SITOR A These signals do not have the regular cadence of SITOR A but have more of a long duration burst sound HC ARQ PACKET AX 25 CLOVER Haegelin Cryptos simplex ARQ a mode used by UN and Red Cross services but these organizations have been making a switch to PACTOR in recent years with very few loggings in 95 96 This
68. TA5 or 1176 704 250 1frame 2blks DUP ARQ ARTRAC 2 ITA2 I 2blks of 32bits lblk is 5bit cksum I I I I I I I 3x8bit chars 00 MERLIN 5 ITA2 48 111 485 4 228 7 1 blk 2id 30data ALIS RSARQ I 16crc lack blk 16bits PACTOR 8 ITA5 96 125 1250 96 12 17 100 IRS is 12bits and 1192 250 1250 192 24 32 200 ALWAYS sent 100bd G TOR 8 ITA5 21 240 192 16 32 100 45 240 200 69 240 300 Asynchronous Data Block System Table 5 B PACKET Overhead is fixed at 8 fet eee ee eo nin character size bits p tbaSssa Sens SSeS aa sete sees Seas eo tee alphabet in use I K a a a a block size chars I I s33 35 s e astosasesta block size bits I I I A A block tx time mS block breakdown chars most commonly found baud v v v v v v v comments HC ARQ 5 ITA2 38 174 725 4 char sync 240 All packets sent with no DI 5 30 chars timing restraints Data 4 char CRC packet can be sent at 5 ITA2 68 324 1350 4 cha
69. VAC A Windows XP or similar PC is required or third party software such as Shoc RSM c WaveCom Nachrichtentechnik AG Hammerstrasse 8 CH 8180 Buelach Switzerland Tel 41 1 872 70 60 Klingenfuss Publication Hagenloher Str 14 D 72070 Tuebingen Germany Tel 49 7071 62830 info http www klingenfuss org email klingenfuss compuserve com WaveCom W4lpc Mark II W41USB http www wavecom ch w4lpc htm http www wavecom ch HTML w4lusb htm Comprehensive VERY sophisticated decoder for Experts The W4lpc is a DSP based plug in card for the IBM PC and uses the windows front end to drive the board under Win95 or NT 95 Simultaneous operation of up to 8 cards is supported allowing for the monitoring of up to 8 different transmissions on the same PC Decoding of over 50 modes spanning the HF VHF UHF and SHF is supported Remote control is supported thru a combination of software from SHOC Radio Manager and Klingenfuss frequency database The W41PC has the added capability of supporting the development of unique decode modes The W41PC source code available to official organizations or other authorized users allows complete control over all parameters NOTE Various Windows and PC printer drivers are available W41USB is for notebooks with USB port All modes available in the W4050 except Coquelet 16 30 Packet 600 Spread 31 Additional Modes Mil 188 141A Coquelet 13 80 Pactor II Spread 51 All character sets in
70. YB YBBBYYB 22 v BYYYY BBYYYYY YBBYBBY YYBBBBY 23 W 2 2 2 YYBBY BYYBBYB BYBBYBY BBBYYBY 24 X YBYYY BYBYYYY BBYBYYB YBYBBBY 25 Y 6 6 6 YBYBY BYBYBYB BBYBYBY BBYBYBY 26 Z 4 N H YBBBY BYBBBYY BYYBBBY BBYYYBB 27 cr cr cr cr BBBYB BBBBYBB YBBBBYY YYYBBBB 28 lf 1 1f 1f BYBBB BBYBBBB YBYYBBB YYBBYBB 29 Ils ls ls ls YYYYY BYYYYYB BBBYYYB YBYBBYB 30 fs fs fs fs YYBYY BYYBYYY BYBBYYB YBBYBBY 31 sp Sp sp sp BBYBB BBBYBBB YYBYBBB YYBBBYB 32 idle 5 BBBBB BBBBBBY BBBBYYY YBYBYBB RQ YYYBBBB BYYBYBB YBBYYBB idle beta YBBYBBY BYBYBBY BBYYBBY idle alpha YBBBYYB BYBYYBB BBBBYYY cs1 BYBYYBB cs2 YBYBYBB cs3 BYYBBYB cs4 BYBYBBY cs5 BYYBYBB 1 Who are you or British Pound symbol 2 each country can assign 3 can be switched 4 sometimes instead of 5 idle or 3rd shift ITA 5 ASCII IRA 5 6 7 Y Y Y B defined as 0 mrk stop B Y Y Y defined as 1 mrk stop Y B Y bit ordering 7654321 P P Special Notes Q a q YYBBBBB 60 back tic R b r BYBBYYY 27 single quote S G s BYBYYBB 2C comma T d t BYBYYBY 2D minus dash U e u YBYYYYY 5F underline Ge Vv v YYYYYYB 7E tilde W g w X h x Y i y Z j z I k ILI m a n age o DEL form feed file separator group separator horizontal tab line feed negative acknowledge null record separator shift in shift out start of header space start of text substitute synchronous idle unit separator hex digit lst gt 0 1 2 3 4 2
71. able from Universal Last issue was published Dec 94 with a followup issue published in Apr 97 The reprints are good references if you own any of the Universal line of decoders Universal Radio 6830 Americana Pkwy Reynoldsburg OH 43068 614 866 4267 Klingenfuss Well known publisher of frequency reference guides Their publications can be found at many radio Ham equipment suppliers The references tend to be Eurocentric but are non the less valuable and extensive The Radio Data Code Manual combined Radioteletype Code Manual and Air and Meteo Code Manual is especially valuable for those that want some of the bit level information about the various protocols found on the shortwave spectrum A unique reference book for the digital monitor Klingenfuss Publications Hagenloher Str 14 D 72070 Tuebingen Germany From the Jan 97 catalog 1997 Guide to Utility Stations 15th edition DEM 80 1996 1997 Guide to Worldwide WeatherFax Services DEM 60 Radio Data Code Manual 15th edition DEM 70 Siebel Verlag A good solid reference published every 2 years with good coverage of digital modes While the text is written in German the frequency log are all easy to read Check out WUN V2 3 March 96 for a complete review Spezial Frequenzliste 9kHz 30MHz Ausgabe 1996 1997 By Rainer Brannolte Wolf Siebel ISBN 3 922221 80 7 Price 34 80 DM Siebel Verlag Auf dem Steinbuechel 6 D 53340 Meckenheim Tel 49 2225 3032 Fax 49
72. ader Mk2 3 E A self contained decoder w 16 char version 4 2 all basic HF modes and includes a Morse tutor lto PC 12V DC power supply needed LED tuning bar graph supported Franklin Converter 10 95mt PC based software and external converter can receive store and modes Audio spectrum analyzer and tuning scope supported Pactor Packet HFFAX Amtor Sitor Navtex ARQ M2 TDM we ee ee ee ee n r v e ee ee ee ee r n Baudot RTTY 45 45 LCD display of incoming text decodes 50 75 100bd SITOR A B CW Serial port allows text we ee ee ee n e e e _ _ _ n e n e _ e e e _ r n e m e ee ee ee n m SSTV 15 modes RTTY CW ASCII process FAX Supports common amateur NAVTEX AMTOR KAM Multi Mode Controller KAM98 Multimode Controller Lowe Mode Master Momentum Communi cations MCL 1100 Easy Reader 7 E Easy to use software based decoder 8 E A self contained decoder requires a DI DI DI 1 1 DI 1 DI 1 DI 131 DI DI DI DI DI 14 DI DI 1 DI 1 161 DI DI 1 161 1 DI DI DI DI 171 DI 1 1 1 1 181 DI DI DI DI DI eee ee ee we ee e ee ew ww ew ew ee e e ew ew ww ewe ee ee eee ee ee ee ee ee ee e Stand alone unit supports all AMTOR RTTY ASCII l amateur modes and is the ONLY unit GTOR PACTOR CW that
73. al Universal MFJ Universal recently marked as discontinued Terminal Node Controller Demodulator Support Programs Copycat Pro 2 1 NCPlus NCPtc2 NCTerm XPCom XPDual XPKam XPPci XPPtc Windows Programs Airmail 2000 Alpha DSP Rtty DSRTTY Win Easyterm KAGold M7KTerm Multicomm NCW95pk NCWinptc Pakterm PKGold PKTerm RCKrtty Winptc2 XPWare Linux Programs Analyzer 2000 Audacity Chromasound Diamond Cut Five Live DSPFilter Echofilter GNASP1 Hamalyzer Spectra Plus Spectran Spectrogram SR5 Other programs can be found here www csun edu vfeen0br johnpage rttysoft html audio into a soundcard requires purchase of disks http http www2 ari net ajr rtty http home wanadoo nl n19222 software htm http www tigertronics com bay soft htm http www tigertronics com sl_soft htm Many new decoding packages have become available that accept Unfortunatly due to the many and sometimes conflicting standards for Soundblaster compatible cards some software will work while others will not Still the list of soundcard compatible software continues to grow A very good listing of these packages can be found here http www muenster de welp sb htm Section 6 D includes information on some of the more popular soundcard interfaces Persons interested in whether the interface will work with the software they select should check these websites or write to the individual involved to see if i
74. amp T Wireless Services PCSI developed open standard designed to support two way paging and messaging services The protocol uses an 8kbps link based on re use of cellular channels POCSAG and GOLAY can also be found on U S domestic C Ku band Satellite SCPC carriers Section 3 Baud Rate Summary Table Below is a table of expected baud rates you can most likely encounter for the latest listing of modes available An accurate baud rate is a valuable tool to identifying a particular mode and there are many modes that have unique baud rates As of this writing the Hoka and Wavecom units seem to have the most accurate capability of all existing decoders currently on the market All rates are in units baud A few baud oddities of note 128 5bd ARQ M2 French Forces circuit s between Papeete Tahiti and Mururoa 184 6bd ARQ E French Forces circuit s used by RFFXQA Sarajevo BIH also it seems many former 72bd ARQ E circuits are changing to 184 6bd ARQ E 384bd FEC A used by MFA Paris F and French Emb ROU 109 3bd SITOR B used by an unidentified user 46 1bd ARQ E used by Egyptian Tunisian Air Force Air Defense sending in Arabic 85 7bd ARQ E used by an unidentified user sending encrypted traffic NOTE For baud rates of unidentified systems reference the table in section 1 K Synchronous Data Block Systems 50 ARTOR 96 SI ARQ 100 SWED ARQ TWINPLEX ARTOR SITOR A PACTOR G TOR ARQ6 98 125 DUP ARQ 144 SI A
75. and CD Reference Materials 7 E Mailing Lists Reflectors Section 8 Appendix 8 A Abbreviations 8 B Emission Classification Section 0 Introduction This Signals FAQ is designed to give utility listeners a sampling of the kinds of signals and sounds available on shortwave vhf radio today along with information on the available equipment needed to understand analyse or identify these signals Our primary focus is to present the parameters that define the most commonly heard systems as an aid for utility monitors and not an exhaustive discussion of HF digital signalling theory It is also our intention to give monitors a best guess clue as to who the user of an unconfirmed signal may be With conditions being dismal over the last few years coverage of Utility Listening especially Digital Utilities has been dropped from most of the main stream shortwave magazines But in and of itself Digital Utility listening is inherently more difficult than regular shortwave listening The possibility of decoding the Signal received adds another level of complexity This FAQ is an attempt to let those beginners who are thinking of or wondering what digital signals can be received and decoded and maybe provide the more advanced listener with a little more information to identify those unknowns Here in lies the basic problem with digital utility listening lack of information Many systems are used by Military or Diplomatic Services and information on th
76. antronics com uhfvhfhf htm Lowe Electronics Chesterfield Road Matlock Derbyshire DE4 5LE United Kingdom Tel 44 1629 580800 Inquiries info lowe co uk http www lowe electronics com Momentum Communications 6 7 Clarkson Place Dudley Road Lye West Midlands DY9 8EL United Kingdom Tel 44 1384 896879 NOTE Thought to be out of business MFJ Box 494 Miss State MS 39762 Tel orders 800 647 1800 tech line 800 647 TECH 8324 Email mfjcustserv mfjenterprises com Products http www mfjenterprises com index php Software Systems Consulting 615 S El Camino Real San Clemente CA 92672 Tel 714 498 5784 Email dpekin ssccorp com http www ssccorp com Microcraft Corporation Box 513M Thiensville WI 53092 Tel 414 241 8144 NOTE Thought to be out of business Tigertronics 400 Daily Lane Grants Pass Oregon 97527 phone 541 474 6700 http www tigertronics com home htm Timewave Technology Inc 58 Plato Blvd E St Paul MN 55107 U S A Voice 651 222 4858 Fax 651 222 4861 E mail sales timewave com Technical techsupport timewave com http www timewave com amprods html The PK900 is listed in Timewave s web site as being discontinued However there was an update program in place for the 900 232 and 2232 units The status of this update program is not known 6 B 3 Self Contained Units In this section those units that have LCD or similar readouts built into the unit themselv
77. ar 7bits o 2 channels of 3 characters 1 block 6 chars o Characters may be erect or inversed or erect and inversed o 1 cycle 450ms 210ms tx 240ms rx o Interleave is station selectable o Channel decode is station selectable o Frequency shift is station selectable a a a a To E e ay a ie i i ee a Interleave lower case chl UPPER CASE ch2 Channel Decode Method ara aaa 4 WORD abc ABC def DEF ghi GHI jkl I BIT al Al b2 B2 c3 C3 d4 D4 e5 E5 6 F6 CHAR aAbBcCdDeEfF NONE abc def ghi jkl normal SITOR sends interleave NONE Frequency Offset Shift User 1 2 3 4 I I 400 200 200 400 200 400 200 B defined as 0 spc start 200 255 150 300 200 85 85 200 115 170 115 Spain Pakistan 85 85 255 170 170 170 Dutch 50 50 150 100 100 100 100 100 300 200 200 200 85 85 600 115 170 515 Pakistan 65 170 65 Usual defaults 100bd 115 170 115 Erect ch A Invert ch B word interleave Notes on Alphabets Table 5 G ITA2 is also referenced as Murray code ITA3 is also called Moore code and each character is defined by the 35 possible combinations of 3 ones and 4 zeros 3 4 32 are the commonly defined character set and the remaining 3 are for error control and idle ITA5 can be referred to as IRA ITA5 is the ASCII alphabet and consists of 128 characters controls specials numbers lower case letters and
78. are which uses numerous external engines for interfaces It also has receiver controls for Icom TenTec Kenwood and Yaesu transceivers Can interface with several popular logging programs A DDE server comes standard for building other connections to the program PSK31 RTTY ASCII Packet MFSK16 CW Analysis Tools Extras Required Decoder URL Level Synopsis Modes Decoded Analysis Tools Extras Required URL Level Synopsis Modes Decoded Spectrum Display Requires the MMTTY and AGWPE engines for Rtty and Packet operations respectivly Runs on Pentium 133 Mhz or better 16 bit SVGA card required for spectrum display Operating systems include Win9x NT 2000 XP and ME http mixw net Mid Level Software A powerful decoding package with multiple tuning options macro control of numerous transceivers receivers macro language and a flexible logging option The waterfall and other display options can also be used on SSB Baudot RTTY Ascii BPSK31 QPSK31 PSK63 via a macro command Throb Hellschreiber Pactor I receive only Packet see note below FAX SSTV Martin 1 2 Scottie 1 2 DX Robot 36 72 MP115 TTT BW 8 12 24 36 43 MT 63 FSK31 AMTOR A B MFSK Waterfall oscilliscope audio spectrum analysis Due to licensing requirements use of Q15X25 requires a seperate dll which can be downloaded from the MixW web site Minimum system 486 100 Pentium 166 recommended 16 MB RAM
79. atalog decoders 3763 html Beginner A small handheld unit that allows the user to view ACARS or NAVTEX data on a small LCD screen It s unique in that it supports NAVTEX data in both English and Japanese It can send data to a PC via a DB9 Port ACARS NAVTEX None 12 VDC or 4 AA batteries DB9 RS232 cable required for data transfer to PC none Universal Radio 6830 Americana Parkway Reynoldsburg Oh 43068 Sales 800 431 3939 Info 614 866 4627 FAX 614 866 2339 Email dx universal radio com NOTE Recently marked as discontinued on Universal s website 6 C PUBLIC DOMAIN SHAREWARE SOFTWARE UNIT NAME M L SYNOPSIS MODES Hamcomm Version 3 RadioRaft 3 21 1 I This PC based decoder is trialware Baudot RTTY 45 The interface which connects to the 200bd CW 5 40wpm PC serial port can be built at SITOR A B ASCII little cost Despite being low cost PACTOR registered the decoder is a fine piece of soft only Signal ware w features found in decoders Osciloscope Spectrum costing over 100 PC monitor and Analyser Bit Len 1 serial port needed lAnalyser Tuning Aid Meteo SYNOP SHIP 30 days free registration US 30 land WX decoder eee ee ee we ee e e e ew ew ew ewe ee e ee e we ee ee ee eee ee ee ee ee ee eee I A DOS based program that supp
80. bases and products they offer RadioData Utility Database 300 00 SFr Mail FAX to R Haenggi Weiherhof 10 CH 8604 Volketswil Switzerland Tel 41 1 997 15 55 FAX 41 1 997 15 56 7 D Tape and CD Reference Materials Klingenfuss A unique way to test your decoder is to use one of the following audio reference materials These sources allow you to hear and decode what the various modes sound like Compact Cassette Recording of Modulation Types 6th edition DEM 60 Compact Disc Recording of Modulation Types lst edition DEM 100 Klingenfuss Publications Hagenloher Str 14 D 72070 Tuebingen Germany Siebel Verlag A demonstration cassette is also available from the makers of the Spezial Frequenzliste The cassette includes a selection of commonly found signals Baudot various bauds and shifts Sitor A B ARQ E ARQ E3 ARQ M2 FEC A POL ARQ ROU FEC ARQ SWE TWINPLEX PICCOLO 6 FAX and CW Available from the address above Price 19 80 DM 7 E Mailing Lists Reflectors code3list a mailing list dedicated to Hoka Code 3 and Code 3 Gold decoder Not manufacturer sponsored Topics include use hints tips problems etc Subscription Policy OPEN contact point sscalsk mail ameritel net Stan Scalsky code30users a mailing list dedicated to the Hoka Code 30 decoder Not manufacturer sponsored Topics included use tips problems and issues related to analysis Subscription Policy CLOSED contact point sscalsk mail
81. bd and most traffic appears to be encrypted but at sign on you might be able to find some operator chatter and test tapes You may find CIS 14 referenced by the name AMOR or AMOR 96 unofficial name used by some NATO members CIS 27 is currently defined as a 50 and 100bd system reported in 3 lines in the Radioteletype Code Manual 13th Edition 1 partial logging found in the WUN logs with no mention of this system made in Wavecom or Hoka documentation Might best be listed in the Mystery section Another type of DGPS is the commonly found 100bd or 300bd MSK signal MSK sounds like SITOR B and is usually transmitted from beacons in the 285 325kHz region with an ACF 10 The information transmitted is real time differential corrections in RTCM SC104 v2 1 format There are commercial companies providing DGPS service and their data will probably be encrypted See Utility Roundup in WUN 2 1 Jan 96 for a good writeup on this signal and its users or section 1 J for the QPSK form of DGPS A new system appearing with the introduction of the Wavecom W41PC DUP FEC 2 and the new Klingenfuss Radio Data Code book DUP FEC No new signals found on the air as of yet The system runs at 125 or 250bd and uses the ITA 2 or ITA 5 character set This system is an enhancement of the DUP ARQ 2 system and has many similarities A system used by Turkish and German Press also German French P6Z etc Serbian DFZG and Turkish TAD Diplo services typ
82. ble for download from http www geocities com meteoware More information http home uwnet nl pa3byz rttymade htm More information http mmhamsoft ham radio ch mmtty index html TrueTTY product page http www dxsoft com en products truetty SeaTTY product page http www dxsoft com en products seatty Registration is sent via EMetrix Regsoft and Regnow NOTE Virtual drivers and hardware emulators can be found at the bottom of the TrueTTY home page These emulators may be required for Win2000 and XP systems Home page http members aol com f6cte multipsk_e htm Home page http www blackcatsystems com software multimode html SELECTED SOUNDCARD INTERFACES Where software available appears the manufacturer either supplies a CD Rom sometimes for an additional fee or has links to compatible software A Rigblaster and Nomic software available West Mountain Radio 18 Sheehan Avenue Norwalk CT 06854 Phone 203 853 8080 Fax 203 299 0232 URL http www westmountainradio com B Tigertronics Signalink SL 1 Sound Card Interface software available P O Box 5210 Grants Pass Oregon 97527 Phone 1 800 8BAYPAC 822 9722 FAX 541 474 6703 URL http www tigertronics com sl main htm C Windows SSTV VOX controller useful for other modes too Peter Lockwood G8SLB 36 Davington Road Dagenham Essex RM8 2LR Email G8SLB QSL net URL http www angelfire com 0k g8s1b g8slbpg2 html vox The Rascal and the Rascal Isolate
83. bps 1200 and 2400 bps are commonly referred to as Super POCSAG Transmits in FM Narrow using frequency bands that are country specific POCSAG is an asynchronous protocol it has a start up preamble signal that alerts the pager to an incoming message wake up Pagers are assigned to 1 of 8 groups based on address Pagers only pay attention to the address group to which they are assigned 2 coding formats are used for message text BCD and 7 bit ASCII Some documents reference POCSAG by the short tag PAGERI European Radio Message System developed in 1990 by the European Telecommunications Standards Institute Strictly a European format with no known US implemen tations It supports alphanumeric numeric and tone paging ERMES operates at a constant speed of 6250 bps and uses 4 level FSK signalling This protocol uses a dedicated frequency spectrum in the 169 MHz range and supports 16 adjacent channels The pagers are designed such that each pager is assigned to a specific time slot and when the pager senses it is not in its home system it begins its roaming routine by scanning all channels Golay Sequential Pager Signalling System is a digital system used to transmit tone only numeric alphanumeric and voice pages This is a Motorola proprietary system but now obsolete according to Motorola It may be that GOLAY is no longer found in those VHF frequency bands that support pagers but is still believed to be on US Satellite Pagers are
84. bps MBS Mobile Search is used in a modified form MMBS in the US by Cue Paging An FM subcarrier system developed by the Swedish Telecommunications Administration The system transmits information to standard FM receivers using the 57kHz subcarrier with a data rate of 1187 5 bps The signal is made up of 16 possible data groups where each has 4 blocks of info and each block is 26 bits long Out of the 26 bits 16 bits are for data and 10 bits are for error correction RBDS data groups currently supported are 0 Basic Tuning Switching 8 Traffic Msg Channel TMC 1 Program Item Number 9 Emergency Warning System 2 Radio Text 10 PTY Names 3 GPS 11 Undefined 4 Clock Time amp Date 12 Undefined 5 Transparent Data Chan 13 Undefined 6 In House Applications 14 Enhanced Other Networks 7 Radio Paging Services 15 Fast Tuning Switching Info Reference the NRSC US RBDS Standard 1 8 93 Specifi cation of the Radio Broadcast Data System and the European Standard CENELEC EN 50 067 4 92 Specifi cation of the Radio Data System Circuit Research Labs SC 100 is an example of an RBDS processor used to inject the proper carrier in an FM signal An FM subcarrier system developed by Seiko Tele communications Systems Inc The systems uses the 64kHz 2 E subcarrier on commercial FM broadcasts and operates with a data rate of 19kbps The system offers a variety of services including paging sports weather reports and stock quotes through
85. cluded in W4050 except ITA 2 Danish Norwegian Swedish Ascii in German Danish Norwegian Swedish Bulgarian Additional character sets ITA3 7 bit ITA5 7 bit Ascii Hebrew 5 bit Transparent 5 bit Greek Morse Arabic Morse Hebrew Morse All of the tools found on W40PC with these additions FFT Sonogram Spectrum combined Selcall Analysis Pentium 200 Mhz Windows machine min 800x600 resolution Requires a 16 bit ISA slot WaveCom Nachrichtentechnik AG Hammerstrasse 8 CH 8180 Buelach Switzerland Tel 41 1 872 70 60 Klingenfuss Publication Hagenloher Str 14 D 72070 Tuebingen Germany Tel 49 7071 62830 Decoder URL Level Synopsis Modes Decoded Alphabets Analysis Tools Extras Required Supplier 6 A 3 SCS Decoders Decoder URL Description info http www klingenfuss org email klingenfuss compuserve com WaveCom W40pc http www wavecom ch w40pce htm Comprehensive VERY sophisticated decoder for Experts The W40pc is a DSP based plug in card for the IBM PC and uses the windows front end to drive the board under Win95 or NT 95 Simultaneous operation of up to 8 cards is supported allowing for the monitoring of up to 8 different transmissions on the same PC Decoding of over 50 modes spanning the HF VHF UHF and SHF is supported Remote control is supported thru a combination of software from SHOC Radio Manager and Klingenfuss frequency database The W41PC has the added
86. ctly from the PC serial port Both 9 pin and 25 pin serial connectors are supported For Windows 3 1 users the software will run in a DOS Window This package is aimed at those who wish to decode the systems found on the HF and VHF airwaves but if you want to get into the underlying details you will find Modes Decoded Analysis Tools Alphabets Extras Required Supplier Decoder URL Level Synopsis Modes Decoded that only the basic analysis tools are included Basic Code3 Gold handles many VHF systems and the more common HF systems This includes Packet 300 1200 Baudot Ascii Hellschreiber Sitor ARQ FEC Pactorl thru 5 Fax FM and AM Meteosat and SSTV Martin 1 only The full version includes Annex10 Hell Morse ARQ S ARQ SWE ARQ E ARQ M2 4 CCIR242 CCIR342 ARQ N ARQ 6 ARQ E3 POL ARQ Twinplex Artrac F7BBN Baudot Twinplex GTOR FEC A FEC S Autospec Spread HC ARQ TORG10 11 ROU FEC HNG FEC Coq8 13 Piccolo Mk6 GMDSS DSC and SYNOP AAXX BBXX with 10 000 stations Audio Spectrum Analyzer Auto Classification Ad Storage Scope ASCII save to disk International US Military Nat Scandinavian Greek3 shift M19 Cyrillic and Latin M2 Cyrillic and Latin Amateur upper lower cases PC 486 or better HIGHLY recommended VGA supported SVGA supported with Tseng ET4000 Runs in a DOS box under Win9x Pentium 100 or better US Computer Aided Technologies PO Box 18292 Shrevep
87. d Supplier URL Level Synopsis Modes Decoded Mscan Meteo Pro http www mscan com Mid level Software A program that is geared toward the maritime and sailing industry It s unique in that in can use either a Soundcard input or a dedicated modem PTC II series supported as input Images stored in rtf format As of May 2002 new version of Mscan includes receiver control for Icom JRC HF 150 Quadrad and Ten Tec RX 320 Baudot RTTY Navtex Weather FAX None Pentium Computer with soundcard CombiTech International P O Box 8041 NL 4330EA Middelburg The Netherlands Tel 31 118 601665 Fax 31 118 601104 E Mail combitech mscan com A list of worldwide distributors can be found at http www mscan com mscan agents html http www cam org noelbou RxPlus Mid level Software This program was originally created to control the RX320 but now is adding Drake and Icom receivers with more to come It also has an DSP audio filter and other features Baudot RTTY FAX SSTV PSK31 Analysis Tools Waterfall display Extras Required none Supplier available through website and RXPlus Yahoo group 6 A 7 Skysweeper URL http www skysweep com Description This package decodes several modes and at the same time in the standard edition has a built in set of DSP tools This package is unique in that you can purchase it in various levels indicated in parenthesis in the Modes section all
88. d interfaces software available BUX CommCo 115 Luenburg Drive Evington VA 24550 FAX 804 525 7818 URL http www buxcomm com MFJ 1273 http www mfjenterprises com products php prodid MFJ 1273B MFJ 1275 http www mfjenterprises com products php prodid MFJ 1275 MFJ 1279 http www mfjenterprises com products php prodid MFJ 1279 MFJ 1275M Modular plug http www mfjenterprises com products php prodid MFJ 1275M MFJ 1279M 8 pin Modular Plug http www mfjenterprises com products php prodid MFJ 1279M MFJ 1279T 4 pin Modular Plug http www mfjenterprises com products php prodid MFJ 1279T NOTE As of October 2002 the website lists the 1279 as also available for 220VAC Both the 1273 and 1279 models include CD ROM of software MFJ Box 494 Miss State MS 39762 Tel orders 800 647 1800 tech line 800 647 TECH 8324 Email mfjcustserv mfjenterprises com Donner s Digital Interfaces P O Box 158 Hamersville Oh 45130 Phone 937 379 2517 FAX 801 340 4805 URL http home att net n8st DOS Programs These programs run in native DOS some will run in Windows in a DOS box Please see the supplied URL for specific information All programs assume at least 640k of memory 1 serial port as as a standard and if any extra accessories are required they will be mentioned Software Copycat Pro 2 1 URL http www scancat com copypro html TNCs Universal M 7000 M 8000 AEA Timewave PK 232 MFJ
89. d generated or machine generated but rates varying from 10 400 can be found Most often found using either the standard or Cyrillic Morse character set LINK 11 LESW There is a new Link Eleven Single tone Waveform LESW specification It features an 8 phase PSK DCPSK Differentially Coherent PSK scrambled 1800Hz tone The system is supposed to be good against poor HF conditions and problems such as multipath and fading Throughput rates up to 4800bps occur with block inter leaving of 0 1 2 or 9 6 sec delay Each packet has 192 bits 80ms 64 bits sync 26 67ms each frame carries 72 bits of user info and the last frame always contains a 72 bit stop sequence See MIL STD 188 110A or NATO STANAG 4285 This waveform is implemented in the HF Datalink General Atronic GA 122 HF modem or the Harris RF 5254B Swedish diplo stations use a derivative of this system from Rockwell Collins Mediaware Single tone modems sound like 3kHz of noise An ACARS like system used between airplanes and ground stations for passing tech info is now operational on HF The system is an adaption of the MIL 188 110A single tone waveform modem and uses 8PSK modulation at a rate of 3600chips s Ground stations broadcast system manage ment uplink packets squitters every 32s on 3 or more active frequencies This assists in finding error free channels Adaptive rates of 150 300 600 1200 and 1800 bps are supported See Monitoring Times 6 95 Plane Talk o
90. d publication that cares to write about digital signals We have tried to research for correctness each mode listed but it must be said that there are a lot of inaccuracies and disinformation present in the mainstream press It is therefore a safe assumption to assume that those inaccuracies could also appear here Many thanks to those of you who post logs information and answer stupid questions in the various forums that cover digital signals you know who you are NOTICE All contributors of information tidbits comments and corrections will be considered confidential when constructing this document A word of Caution the rules about listening to signals not intended for you applies here The contents of many signals might be considered sensitive by the party sending and the reception of such signals may be illegal in your country The authors neither condone or encourage such acts I would like to solicit material to be included later on any other analysis techniques and or DF techniques the utilities community is currently using TABLE OF CONTENTS Section 0 Introduction Section 1 Modes on Shortwave 1 A Single tone systems 1 B Synchronous data block systems 1 C Packet like systems Asynchronous data block systems 1 D Multi tone systems MFSK systems 1 E FAX like systems 1 F SSTV modes 1 G Synchronous bit stream systems 1 H Asynchronous bit stream systems 1 I Multi channel systems 1 J Phase Shift
91. divided into groups and a preamble is sent prior to paging alerts Only pagers within the group number sent in the preamble need to examine the data stream for their address Supports bit rates of 300 or 600 in that a pager address is sent at 300bps and any numeric or alphanumeric information is sent at 600bps Also known as GSC Golay Sequential Coding Advanced Pager Operating Code A new mode developed by Philips Telecom and announced in 1993 that offers higher speed and some new features while retaining backwards compatibility with POCSAG Supports bit rates between 1200 to 6400 or about 1200 to 3200 baud using 2 PAM FM or 4 PAM FM modulation Extended addressing is supported allowing support for more then 2 million pagers As of mid 1996 Philips has dropped APOC and instead settled a cross licensing deal with Motorola for access to FLEX Paging protocol introduced by Motorola late in 1994 and will be the protocol of choice as paging company up grade from POCSAG to FLEX in the US FLEX supports rates of 1600 3200 and 6400bps and can handle up to 5 billion addresses FLEX has a 4 frequency signal arranged as evenly spaced tones with usual shifts in Hz of 4800 1600 1600 4800 This signalling technique is also more susceptible to noise so a robust error correction scheme is incorp NEC D3 Mark IV V VI Swedish MBS RBDS RDS RECEPTOR orated FLEX pagers also appear to have a decreased effective paging radius when com
92. doppler tone 14 data 1 sync tone the 14 data tones are 4 PSK modulated and spaced every 110 Hz 935Hz to 2585Hz w doppler tone at 605Hz The sync tone is 2 PSK modulated Typical rates are 1364b s or 2250b s This is a ground wave only system so a signal ANNEX 10 HARCO 39 Harris 39 tone modem CODAN modem 1 E FAX like signals received via HF will be nearly impossible to decode because the ionosphere messes up the phase Klingenfuss indicates a baud rate 2400 See MIL STD 188 203 1A Also known as TADIL A or alligator Largest man ufacturer of LINK 11 equipment is Rockwell Collins See also LINK 11 LESW in section 1 A This is the Russian Soviet 12 tone Vocoder system with each channel QPSK modulated at 100 symbols sec Each tone has a shift of 200Hz and spans a frequency range of 700Hz to 2900Hz in the Lower Side Band This system has a distinctive pilot tone unmodulated at 3300Hz above a kHz point with unconfirmed reports of a pilot tone at 3600Hz and has a maximum capacity of 4800 bits s Commonly logged in the UK An ARINC HF SELCAL system with 16 tones A 4 phase PSK system implemented per MIL STD 188 110A appendix B The system supports data rates of 75 to 2400bps using 39 tones spread from 675Hz to 2812 5Hz with a spacing of 56 25Hz 1 doppler tone can be found at 393 75Hz Block interleaving with up to 12s delay is supported This modem has been implemented in the Harris RF 3466A and has been referred to
93. e Internal Press up until about 1993 but is now used by European amateurs on 80m and 40m A couple of different machines were available HSs SS Se SSS es SSS e Name SQ S SS SSS serena Paper width chars min I chars sec f 5 baud rate I I I bandwidth v v v v tone freq Siemans GL72 19 5mm 367 8 6 13 300 600Hz 1000Hz Field HELL 15mm 150 2 5 122 5 360Hz 900Hz Siemans HELL 80 15mm 300 5 0 300 900Hz 1260Hz FAX A picture transmission mode used by weather meteo some Press and less often amateurs Pictures are sent line by line and to correctly receive a picture you must at most have the drum speeds RPM in sync Usual RPM values are 60 90 120 240 Less important is the IOC Incidence of Cooperation Usual values for IOC are 288 352 576 For the picture to be received as it was sent both RPM and IOC should match the senders RPM and IOC It is true that FAX use is in decline and will continue to do so in the near future Common forms found Press FAX 60 240RPM IOC 352 576 Weather FAX 60 240RPM IOC 288 576 Encrypted FAX A recent wrinkle now appearing in the declining FAX signal arena is the introduction of encrypted FAX transmissions USAF Puerto Rico and Tokyo Radio JJC have been using this FAX mode At this time there are no decoders that are able to handle this kind of FAX transmission althoug
94. e ee ee ee ee ee Fax SSTV supports 16 grey levels and RTTY PACKET FAX color SSTV supports Robot color PACTOR SITOR A B 136 72 Robot B W 8 12 24 36 Scotty SSTV color ASCII color 1 2 Martin color 1 2 and AVT CW GPS compatible 190 94 VIS tones are supported Signals analysis supported on RTTY ASCII PACKET SITOR A B 20 LED tuning indicator included Options MFJ1278 DSP DSP installed MFJ1278BT 2400bd packet mode built in eee ee ee e e ew e eee ew ew ew ew e ee e ee ee we ee ee ee eee ee ee ee ee ee ee This software combines their older CW HF Fax and PC SWL programs Now Baudot runs under Windows Supports lAscii tuning and digital scopes auto SITOR A B signal ID tunable filters and Navtex WX FAX variable shifts unattended capture land printing I eee ee ee we e e e e ew ew ew ew ew ew wee e ee ew ew ewe ee e ee ee ee ee ee ee ee e A serial converter that can feed Depends on program many different HF VHF decode pgms lused like Hamcomm A DOS program suppl lied is used to set the converter to modes which can process the audio to a serial DB25 input eee ee ee ww ew ew e ee ew we ew ew ee e eww ew ew we ewe ee ee yy eee ee ee ew ewe ee ee e A new version of the AEA PK232 with RITY ASCII CW updated DSP filters and firmware PACTOR 300 1200 baud changes which allow for automatic Packet FAX switching of filters dependent on AMTOR SIT
95. e specifics of a particular mode are impossible to find even from the manufacturer Many are considered proprietary but that doesn t mean that a signal can not be identified With the proper tools a given signal can be identified via the way it sounds aurally or how it looks visually Most decoders that include some kind of signal analysis can ID a signal by bit pattern or baud rate Many signals have a unique baud i e 300 baud packet 240 baud HC ARQ or 164 5 218 3 ROU FEC Once a signal is identified there are many decoders that can print the traffic for you but keep in mind various kinds of encryption are commonly found in use with these signals Encryption types include figure group or letter group messages and even random bit masking or bitstream encryption which looks like a continuous stream of random characters You may often read the term on line and off line used in conjunction with various encryption schemes Generally off line encryption is taken to mean groups of letters or numbers most usually groups of five whereas on line schemes just appear as a continuous stream of random characters Keep in mind that you must be able to find a signal before you can apply the power of the decoder on the signal for identification and possible decoding Most signals found on the airwaves today are obvious with easily distinguishable sounds from chirping to two tone FSK to musical multitone MFSK but as communication technology develops
96. each phase change ASK with 8PSK ASK with 16PSK Abbreviations generally related to Radio and Analysis ACF ARQ DFT DSB FDM FEC FFT ISB LSB SSB TDM USB VET Auto Correlation Function Automatic Request for Repeat Discrete Fourier Transform Double Side Band Frequency Domain Multiplex Forward Error Correction Fast Fourier Transform Independent Side Band Lower Side Band Single Side Band Time Domain Multiplex Upper Side Band Voice Frequency Telegraphy 8 B Appendix B Emmission Classification Quite frequently emmission designators appear in logs from various sources including WUN logs Not everyone especially if you are not into amateur radio is familiar with the meaning of the more commonly used classes such as F1B F7B or BOW Article 4 Section II of the Radio Regulations Geneva 1986 defines the following symbols for the purpose of classifing emissions The classification system is used by official monitoring stations in coordinating monitoring efforts The correct classification of received emissions is also used to resolve and develop interference techniques and for station identification For the complete description of an emission the bandwidth in 4 characters is added in front of the classification See the examples section Sa at EGA type of modulation on the carrier SS sSSS SS Resse SSSS55 nature of signal on main carrier SSSSnSessesssSse sS type of information n E annessa detail of signals e a
97. efine some of the more frequent abbreviations as found in the radio monitoring literature Trying to explain the theory behind many of these abbreviations would fill several sizeable textbooks so I will not attempt in depth explanations A list of abbreviates can be lengthy so I have attempted to limit the list to those directly related to topics of modulation and analysis Additions welcome Abbreviations designating Modulations AFSK APSK ASK BPSK CPFSK DPSK FEK FFSK FSK GFSK MFSK MSK OOK OQPSK PCM PSK QAM QPSK 2DPSK BPSK 4DPSK QPSK BPSM QPSM 8PSM 8P2A 16P4A 8PSK 16PSK 8P2A 16P4A Audio Frequency Shift Keying Amplitude Phase Shift Keying Amplitude Shift Keying Binary Phase Shift Keying Continuous Phase FSK Differential Phase Shift Keying Frequency Exchange Keying Fast Frequency Shift Keying also called MSK Frequency Shift Keying Wavecom term Multi Frequency Shift Keying Minimum Shift Keying On Off Keying Offset Quad Phase Shift Keying Pulse Code Modulation Phase Shift Keying Quad Phase Shift Keying with Amplitude Modulation Quadrature Amplitude Modulation Quad Phase Shift Keying 2 phase Differential Phase Shift Keying 4 phase Differential Phase Shift Keying Binary Phase Shift Modulation Quadrature Phase Shift Modulation 8 level PSM 8PSM 2 level ASM 16PSM 4 level ASM 8 phase states 0 45 90 135 180 225 270 315 each phase change 16 phase states or 22 5 degrees per phase
98. eitsaufgaben loosely translated as Radio Calling Communications System for Authorities and Organizations with Security Concerns Supports a baud rate of 1200 and uses BCD for all digits This system is designed to minimize overall traffic by transmitting a series of codes in 48bits The 48bits are divided into 6 parameters BOS id Country code Trunk code vehicle id status special use INFOCALL A German pager like system used to deliver stock data and news services Supports a baud rate of 1200bps using the ITA 5 character set ATIS A VHF UHF radio signal used on the River Rhine maritime radio This identification signal is automatically generated at the end of speech transmission in 1200 baud FSK mk sp frequencies of 1300 2100Hz The data consists of a country identifier and a call sign This system is used in Germany Luxombourg France Switzer land Holland and Belgium ATIS is also the name of an aircraft communications system running at 2400bps w ITA5 MPT1327 1343 A 1200bps trunking protocol first defined in 1987 by the UK Department of Trade and Industry The system operates in VHF 136MHz to 178MHz and UHF 403MHz to 528MHz MPT1343 is the standard that defines the behavior of radio units on the public network The protocol supports a variety of features such as con ference calling call transfer calling of PABX and PSTN numbers wide area roaming traffic jam pre vention interference prevention and automatic user locatio
99. ell com Internet www pervisell com USA Computer Aided Technologies P O Box 18285 1112 Francais Dr Shreveport LA 71118 USA Phone USA Toll free 888 722 6228 24 hours Phone OUTSIDE USA 318 687 4444 24 hours FAX 318 686 0449 24 hours Questions or Technical Assistance 318 687 2555 9am to 3pm Central Time Email scancat scancat com Internet www scancat com 6 B AMATEUR RADIO HOBBY UNITS 6 B 1 OUT OF PRODUCTION DISCONTINUED MODELS This chart will attempt to summarize those models that have been discontinued are out of production or the original company no longer exists The addresses listed are the last ones known they may or may not be valid any longer M L SYNOPSIS MODES 4 4 4 AEA DSP 232 1 Dedicated TNCs which at one time Baudot Ascii Navtex DSP 2232 could be used for both terrestrial TDM PACTOR AMTOR land satellite work 2 different modes A B Listen modems were available along with TDM HF and VHF Packet decoding a first for an amateur CW TNCs The 232 had 1 port the 12232 had 2 ports which could be used for gateway operations NI e sk AEA PK900 1 A dual port TNC with all the modes Baudot RTTY Ascii CW lused for the original PK232 plus a G3RUH compatible modem on port 2 for satellite packet operation ERA Microre
100. emaining 8 bits including 1 even parity bit left for encoding information This breaks down as 1 30ms start bit at 1200Hz 7 data bits each 30ms sent Lowest Significant Byte LSB first logical l is transmitted as 1100Hz logical 0 is transmitted as 1300Hz 1 30ms even parity bit and 1 30ms stop bit as 1200Hz The table is fairly extensive so for now reference the following www page s http www wincom net raarssen techinfo txt valid as of 1 19 96 http www ultranet com sstv modes html valid as of 1 19 96 1 G SYNCHRONOUS BIT STREAM signals These signals are distinctive in sound in that they are continuous and possess a trilling quality The sound of an idling signal is slightly different from a signal actively sending traffic Many signals idle for long periods of time and send very little traffic i e ARQ E ARQ E3 or ARQ M2 They can be found all over the shortwave spectrum Other signals have a short idling phase and move directly into traffic and then terminate i e POL ARQ SITOR B ROU FEC or FEC A BEE 36 50 A Russian Navy and Polish Mil Intel Svc synchronous bit stream commonly found in Europe but can be heard in the US traffic is most often found running at 50bd but some 100bd signals have been found as well The system has no apparent ACF ACF 0 and then idles with 36 bd ACF 2 As the traffic switches from 36bd to 50bd a preamble can be detected running with ACF 70 The system appears to be synchronous
101. es will be discussed Some may have outputs so they can be read on a larger screen Decoder Universal M450 version 1 5 URL http www universal radio com catalog decoders 0450 htm1 Description Entry level decoder for Beginners Synopsis An easy to use decoder with most of the common modes found on both VHF UHF and HF Self contained unit with a two line LCD display providing for 40 characters of text there is also an 8000 character scrollable buffer which holds incoming text for review later The M450 includes a serial port for connection to PC so a separate interface for text capture is not necessary A control program for the serial interface is included Modes Decoded Analysis Tools Extras Required Supplier Decoder URL Level Synopsis Modes Decoded Analysis Tools Extras Required Options Supplier Decoder URL Description Synopsis Modes Decoded Baudot RTTY 45 50 57 75 100 Baud Baudot RTTY 60 66 75 100 132 WPM SITOR A SITOR B ASCII ITA 5 IRA 75 110 150 Baud FEC A 96 144 Baud FAX 120 LPM 576 IOC SWED ARQ DTMF 16 digits CTCSS PL 41 standard tones DCS DPL 104 standard codes LED Indicators for Mark Space Input and Data Graphics compatible parallel printer for FAX US Universal Radio 6830 Americana Parkway Reynoldsburg Ohio OH 43068 USA Tel 614 866 4267 UK Martin Lynch 140 142 Northfield Avenue Ealing London W13 9SB United
102. ese signals are obnoxious in the way they sound They have a very harsh buzz like quality Tough to decode because many signals can be transmitted together and even interleaved Signal Diversity is often used defined as all channels sending the same traffic but shifted in frequency and shifted in time The receiving equipment combines the channels into a single channel if X channels agree Many times the channels are encrypted A stand alone spectrum analyzer or one incorporated within the decoder can be a great help in identifying the signal arrangement Hoka Code 3 and Code 30 units have a spectrum analyzer feature Code 30 has the added ability to target an in dividual channel for decoding Wavecom 4100 4050 and Universal M8000 units also include a spectrum analyzer or spectrum display feature VFT or Voice Frequency Telegraphy is a general term used to define many kinds of multi channel signals used by British Military Canadian Military US Military and other government institutions Many configurations are possible Also known as FDM or WTK a misnomer see MULCAST below Reference WUN V2 5 May 96 Digital Review for a good article on VFT BR6028 6028 Series Diversity is a commonly found VFT system using 7 channels of 45 bd to 100 bd baudot each with 170 Hz shift used by US and Canadian Military Channels are shifted in time with each channel delayed by 1 second and any channel with heavy inter ference can be locked out causing the
103. f BPSK RTTY AMTOR A B modes NAVTEX FELDHELL I PSK HELL FAX SSTV eee ee ee we ee ew ee ew ew ew ew ew ee ew ee ee we ee ee ee The only multimode system that is CW RTTY SSTV FAX ALE several HF VHF modes PSK31 SITOR A B HELLSCHREIBER DTMF EIA CCIR CTCSS I supported on a MAC Supports NAVTEX ACARS PACKET SELCAL LORAN C 1 W F Schroeder Augsburger Weg 63 D 33102 Paderborn Germany Also on many BBSes and Internet Archives Unofficial page http www pervisell com ham hcl htm 2 Francois Guillett F6FLT http perso wanadoo fr radioraft or http radioraft free fr 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 email F6FLT The0ffice net Fully registered versions can be bought from PERVISELL Ltd 8 Temple End High Wycombe Bucks HP13 5DR GREAT BRITAIN Tel 01494 443033 Fax 01494 448236 http www pervisell com NOTE See this site for other models of comparators http www pervisell com ham index html1 Demodulators Dieter DIPPEL DF4RD Muggenhofer Str 193 D 90429 N rnberg GERMANY Tel fax 0911 3 18 79 48 contact DF4RD gsl net Available from the following site note all in Spanish http anas worldonline es tarabicu xperta htm Eberhart Backeshoff Obschwarzback 40A 40822 Mettman Germany URL http www JVComm de Email E Backeshof f jvcomm de Available for download from http www baycom org tom ham ham html Availa
104. f the above Appendix 6 part A of the Radio Regulation Geneva 1986 allows for two other classifications If neither symbol is available then a should appear in their place A binary elements of differing numbers duration binary elements with same number and duration no error correction binary elements with same number and duration error correction 4 ary each condition equals 1 signal element multi each condition equals 1 signal element multi each condition or combo equals 1 character sound of broadcasting quality monophonic sound of broadcasting quality stero or quadrophonic sound of commercial quality sound of commercial quality w frequency inversion or band splitting sound of commercial quality w separate FM signals to control demod level monochrome color combo of above none of the above w A ct 5 9 O H RaumamiAo A mi RR Z S Z none code division multiplexing frequency division multiplexing time division multiplexing combined frequency division and time division multiplexing X other I I I I I I I I I I I I Zanaz Supplementary information is not required but is usually helpful for a complete identification The following table lists the currently known supplements as defined by the ITU The table uses further qualifiers as listed below In the case of multitone systems further qualification will be found showing duration of each tone tone shift and
105. h Fg tone Freq Hz Ch Fg 1 640 unperf 13 160 G 25 320 D 2 600 Q 14 120 T 26 360 I 3 560 Xx 15 80 F 27 400 H 4 520 W 16 40 fs 28 440 ls 5 480 Vv 17 0 M 29 480 S 6 440 E 18 40 Y 30 520 o 7 400 K 19 80 C 31 560 N 8 360 space 20 120 cr 32 600 9 320 B 21 160 Z 33 640 A 10 280 R 22 200 U 34 680 P 11 240 J 23 240 L 35 720 12 200 ctl 24 280 Arr 36 760 ctl control purposes fs figure shift ls letter shift ref tone on 10bd op chat Notes This is a preliminary table The output of the alphabet in use may vary at customer request Watch for tone 24 to stay up before 10bd operator chatter 5 6 Tone Paging Parameter Tables Table 5 I European 5 6 tone systems frequencies in Hz is Repeat tone SPS pHs ashe SSS Seas Sa Sse SS est Senese is Group tone CCIR 1 2 CCITT EIA NATEL ZVEI1 2 VDEW and EUROS are 5 tone EURO is 6 tone ZVEI DZVEI DDZVEI tone EEA CCIR 1 CCIR 7 ZVEI 1 ZVEI 2 NATEL EURO O 1981 1981 1981 2400 2200 2400 1633 979 8 1 1124 1124 1124 1060 970 1060 631 903 1 2 1197 1197 1197 1160 1060 1160 697 832 5 3 1275 1275 1275 1270 1160 1270 770 767 4 4 1358 1358 1358 1400 1270 1400 852 707 4 5 1446 1446 1446 1530 1400 1530 941 652 6 1540 1540 1540 1670 1530 1670 1040 601 7 1640
106. h JCC will apparently sell you one As for the signal itself the start stop and phasing signals appear to be normal but the picture data seems to use some sort of modified code Current speculation suggests Huffman encoding or a Modified Read Code with FAX lines only including the pixels changed from the previous line Reference Klingenfuss Guide to Facsimile Stations for a discussion of FAX theory and examples 1 F SSTV Slow Scan TV A picture transmission mode developed and used by the Amateur community While these signals are FAX like in function they do not possess the scratching quality of the FAX signal The sound of an SSTV signal is more tonal in its composition I do not believe that each mode can be distinguished by ear Currently the most popular mode found on the airwaves in North America is Scottie S1 followed less frequently by Scottie S2 Robot 36 and 72 and finally some Martin M1 Europe seems to be mostly Martin M1 Frequencies to check 14230 seems to be the most popular Also check 3730 7040 21340 and 28680 There are also a few newer experimental modes available from Pasokon ProSkan WinPixPro and Acorn They are not widely available yet As the table below shows there are lots of modes to choose from with very little in the way of a standard but the basic standard transfers 1 line in 8s and uses a resolution of 120x120 The sync tone used is 1200Hz the Black tone is 1500Hz and the White tone is
107. ically runs with 96 144 192 or 288 bd and uses the ITA2 P alphabet A fast baud rate of 384 192x2 has been found in use by MFA Paris F and French Emb Rou Siemens is the manufacturer and refers to this system as FEC 100 or FEC 100A Digital Selective Calling is a variation of Sitor B 100 baud 170 shift but uses a special set of 127 HNG FEC IRA ARQ POL ARQ RAC ARQ MEROD symbols with a 10 bit error correcting code The system is defined in the ITU recommendation ITU R M493 6 A DSC signal is short about 6 7 seconds on MF HF and contains the following station ID priority station being called frequency to use This system is used to establish the initial contact between ships and shore stations using GMDSS DSC signals can be found the following frequencies 2187 5 4207 5 6312 0 8414 5 12577 0 16804 5 also on VHF on Ch 70 156 525 1200bd See Digital Review column in WUN newsletter Vol 1 No 12 December 1995 for a good writeup on GMDSS DSC A FEC system used by Hungarian Diplo services typically 100 05 bd This system uses a bit spread of 64 bits with each new character starting at intervals of 15 bits See Klingenfuss RadioTeletype Code Manual 13th Edition for teleprinter alphabet used by this system An ARQ system used by the Bulgarian Diplo services typically 75 100 110 150 180 200 240 300 600 or 800bd Max speed seems to be 1200bd This system uses an 11 bit character A 10 bit variant
108. in the 40 and 30 meter bands for example utilizing gateways into 2 meters A system originally developed by Ray Petit W7GMH and now marketed by HAL Communications The original modem was named CLOVER I the latest DSP based modem is named CLOVER II It sounds like a canary when trans mitting A signal consists of a 1s burst a long 20s data transmission Clovers key characteristics are band width efficiency with high error corrected data rates Clover adapts to conditions by constantly monitoring 400Hz CLOVER CLOVER 2000 the received signal Parameters which can affect quality and reliability of the transmission such as block data errors phase dispersion frequency offset and signal to noise ratio are monitored Based on this monitoring Clover determines the best modulation scheme to use Clover supports the following formats format baud rate BPSM 4 pulse binary phase 125 bps QPSM 4 pulse quad phase 250 bps 8PSM 4 pulse 8 phase 375 bps 16PSM 4 pulse 16 phase 500 bps 8P2A 4 pulse 8 phase 2 amplitude 500 bps 16P4A 4 pulse 16 phase 4 amplitude 750 bps Total band width for all modes is a narrow 500 Hz with a symbol rate of 31 25 Also known as 500Hz CLOVER This is regular DSP based CLOVER packed into a narrow 400 Hz bandwidth This form of CLOVER is proprietary to GLOBE WIRELESS and was developed in cooperation with HAL Communications for use in Maritime communications Also known as CLOVER II or KFS CLOVER This form
109. ing on the decoding module baud speed and shift setting The decoder is implemented entirely in software which makes it extremely powerful together with a wealth of analysis tools most of which are also included as standard This is probably the most powerful decoder for its price The user has practically complete control over all important parameters for each mode decoded Exotic data systems are available as optional software modules at extra cost Comprehensive on screen diagnostics and system information are shown for each mode decoded Each module is chosen from a simple menu system with one key commands to set or change system parameters There is even an optional module Auto Classification which will measure the system s baud speed and shift parameters analyse the bit pattern and jump into the correct decoding module for the received data system Full Synoptic decoding of meteo AAXX and BBXX codes is also available as an option Modes Decoded ARQ6 70 ARQ6 90 amp 98 ARQ E ARQ N Analysis Tools Extras Required Supplier URL Level Synopsis ARQ E3 ARQ M2 242 2 ch CCIR242 ARQ M4 242 4 ch CCIR242 Part of ARQ M2 242 module ARQ M2 342 2 ch CCIR342 2 ARQ S SI ARQ ASCII ITA 5 IRA AUTOSPEC Baudot RTTY with Auto speed determination COQUELET Mk I 13 tone Option Specials COQUELET Mk II 8 tone Option Specials CW with Auto speed determination uses Farnsworth method DUP ARQ ARTRAC Mark 1
110. ith 2 3 or 4 channels have been noted The traffic channels are usually found sending bitstream encrypted traffic and the engineers channel idles or sends plain text operator chatter The following channel offsets measured from the 0 carrier point are usually found at 0 51kHz 0 91kHz 1 31kHz and 1 91kHz s s2e s20 S 2e 0004 6 tone Piccolo I I I I shift Il Il Il Il l I 1 I I I I I I I 0 11000 2000 3000 I I I I offset 510 910 1310 1910 channel 1 2 3 4 Note channel 1 is engineers channel UK Military 8 ch VFT A common UK DCN interleaved VFT Most channels carry RYI type traffic but channel 1 carries occasional engineer exchanges See WUN newsletter issue 2 9 for further comments This is also known as British HL13 TAS Baudot 50 340 I I I I I I I I ARQ M2 96 340 shift 340 340 340 340 340 340 340 340 t sale t 21 Rl E I t tease dl I III Ll I LITI II lo I I tol LI 1 l I oll ID 1 I I 0 1000 2000 LUI 3000 I I I 1 I I offset 425 595 1105 1785 2465 1445 1955 2635 chan 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Channel 1 is engineering channel in Baudot 50 340 idles with mark tone active Offset above shows
111. kind of multiplexing I sesss szassa Group of system I f s 3 System in Group I 1 123 required 1234567 45 optional 67 supplement a No modulation gt N unmodulated b Amplitude modulation gt A DSB double sideband c Angle modulation H SSB single sideband full carrier d b c combo or seq R SSB single sideband variable carrier e Pulse J SSB single sideband suppressed carrier None of the above I B ISB independant sideband g Everything else I C vestigial sideband LIII gt F FM frequency modulation K naan Lll G Phase modulation 1st symbol LITI K gt D combo LUI gt P unmodulated sequence of pulses LI K amplitude modulation LI L width or duration is modulated DI M position or phase is modulated LI Q angle modulated during pulse LI V pulse other LI gt W emission other K gt X 0 No modulating signal 1 single channel digital info no modulating sub carrier prhanan 2 single channel digital info modulating sub carrier 2nd symbol 3 single channel analog info t s2 S3S 555 7 2 or more channels digital info 8 2 or more channels analog info 9 composite system X other N No information A Telegraphy aural reception B Telegraphy automatic reception C al C Fax 3rd symbol D Data or telemetry R nan T E Telephone F Television W Combo of above X None o
112. ll have displayed those decimal places that make sense a very nice feature Universal decoders have trouble with accurate baud rate measurement on the faster keying systems for example 192 ARQ E and noisy signals can be particularly confusing resulting in some very odd numbers I don t have any direct experience with the Wavecom line of decoders so I will not offer a comparison here See the Baud Rate Summary Table in Section 3 for further information Autocorrelation Bit is a technique that samples the incoming digitized bit stream and presents the data as a graph of bit occurrences plotted against time This will show when patterns occur within a signal allowing you to determine the number of bits in a character frame this is commonly referred to as the ACF giving you another piece of information when working out an unidentified system This kind of analysis tool reveals cycle period and shows when there are NO patterns in a signal indicating an encrypted or random bit masked signal allowing you to move quickly onto more productive signals Hoka and Wavecom decoders include autocorrelation bit modules See the ACF Summary Table in Section 4 for further information Mode variety is a personal preference I would like to have a module for any mode I can receive in the spectrum While not possible or realistic I will take as many as I can get I find there is nothing more frustrating than being able to receive a clean signal and then not bei
113. lone It is mounted in a special unit which Modes Decoded Demodulators Analysis Tools Alphabets Extras Required Supplier Decoder URL Level Synopsis Modes Decoded Demodulators Analysis Tools can be fitted in a 19 inch rack and runs under a true 32 bit DSP processing system Multitasking under Win9x is available All modes available under Code30A Same as Code 30A Same as Code 30A plus AFP Scope Straddle Eye Diagram LMS Audio Record Same as Code 30A above except that alphabets marked optional are standard here Included are National Scandinavian Greek and Amateur upper lower case Video Monitor Keyboard Power supply Euro standard RS232 for up to 16 stations which can be controlled at once audio patches for each unit NL Hoka Electronics Flessingsterrein 13 NL 9665 BZ Oude Pekela Netherlands Tel 31 5978 12327 email info hoka com Code 300 32 http www hoka net code300 32 code300 32 htm Comprehensive VERY sophisticated decoder for Experts This module runs in a true 32 bit environment with full multitasking Instead of using a dedicated dongle it uses the sound card for input The software is DSP driven Multi channel recording even as a standard wav file is available Up to 256 decoders are supported networked by TCP IP Control via Internet or an Intranet is supported All modes available under Code30A except Amor96 Fecl101 Dup ARQ Additional Modes
114. lysis Variety in modes decoded identified Ability to save captured text disk and printer Tools for analysis You can t beat a good Signal Identification Mode both the Wavecom units and Hoka units include this option Also more recently some Trialware software RadioRAFT is including Signal Identification A good Signal Identification mode simplifies the task of figuring out what mode is currently tuned but keep in mind that even the best Identification mode is not always 100 correct A common problem is that some keying systems share common idle characteristics for example SWED ARQ SITOR A and TWINPLEX or SITOR B and POL ARQ and active traffic is needed to correctly identify the exact mode Also the presence of local interference various propagation effects or a noisy signal can make it difficult to correctly identify Universal decoders do not include an Identification mode Accurate measurement of baud rate is another vital capability Many modes can be accurately identified on baud rate alone because many rates are unique to a keying system It also provides the opportunity to fingerprint a signal system or the user For example the Hoka decoders can measure baudrate accurately to 3 decimal places in the presence of a quality signal but also do well on marginal signals eventually settling down on a reasonable measurement If your signal is full of noise you might not see 3 decimal places but at least on Hoka decoders you wi
115. mmonly used in high speed computer modems 9600 28800 and point to point micro wave communications Not known to be on HF at this time No known loggings to date Real SUI FEC A new UNID FEC system running at 68 5bd 85Hz shift used by the Swiss Army Traffic has an ACF 0 but an ACF 10 at start of messages This table represents most of the unknown signals that have been contributed to the WUN logs column This is the most speculative of all the information presented in this document This table is constructed on the assumption that Similiar baud rates and ACF indicate potentially similiar systems Still despite its speculation it is a good indication of the number of unidentified systems that are being used and a good pointer for further research An unidentified system is defined as a system that could not be named by the contributing monitors decoder All loggings are based on at least 2 or more loggings when possible Any exceptions are noted in the comments area The comment for an individual baud rate is a composite statement drawn from all loggings for a specific rate If a star appears to the right of the baud rate in the chart below it means there is a separate paragraph broken out which goes into more detail then the simple chart provides The following systems have been identified 800bd IRA ARQ 363 78 375 25 CWB Bulgarian Embassy London IRA ARQ idling 300 01 500 55 bit stream 600bd IRA ARQ 272 73 450 2
116. multiplex ARQ w 4 data channels typically using 87 96 192 or 200 bd This system had been used by Chinese Vietnamese and Spanish embassies Loggings within the past year indicate use by some French Military Forces stations This system can also idle for long periods of time with no traffic This system also comes in 2 flavors as defined by the same recommendations as ARQ M2 Also known as ARQ 56 TDM 4 TDM 242 TDM 342 or 192 TDM See Section 4 for Recommendation differences A single channel duplex ARQ system used by Italian Diplo services typically using 72 96 144 or 192 bd This system is related to ARQ E but does not inverse any bits A FEC system once used by British coastal stations to communicate with North Sea oil rigs typically ran with baud rates of 62 3 68 5 or 102 7 bd This has probably been replaced with microwave Also known as Autospec bauer or Bauer and has been referred to as Autospec Mk1 No loggings have been recorded in the previous year See SPREAD A FEC system used formerly by Romanian diplo stations using the Bauer code used by Autospec with characters spread over a large time span designed to reduce burst and fading errors SPREAD 51 has been known to be used by Brazilian Navy and shore stations but no loggings have been noted for at least 4 years SPREAD 11 and SPREAD 21 have not been logged recently Typically 68 5 102 7 or 137 bd Also known as SPREAD 11 SPREAD 21 or SPREAD 51 depending on da
117. n CW RTTY FAX modes with good FAX performance SITOR A B PACKET Needs a CPU w greater then 8MHz ASCII Navtex speed 512K memory 1 serial port Includes tuning scope and will store FAX but not RTTY output 4 IMI L SYNOPSIS MODES Versatile unit supports the amateur RTTY CW AMTOR modes Audio signal analyzer opt PACTOR opt FAX land logging are supported Supports and SSTV opt transmit on all modes Supports a variety of interfaces ST5 6 AEA CP1 BARTG MULTYTERM G3LIV PC internal modem G3IQI modem Low cost options 1 20 00 and upgrades 5 10 00 The only game in town for afford CLOVER lable Clover processing This plug in P Mode AMTOR DSP card works on 386 486 based DOS BAUDOT ASCII computers It offers programmable tones for AMTOR PACTOR and RTTY and supports all CLOVER modulation formats Note DXP38 is external DSP unit identical specs 4 4 DSP Driven modems for digital ops CLOVER Provides CLOVER mode along with P Mode AMTOR AMTOR P Mode and Baudot support BAUDOT ASCII DSP4100 I This is an external modem requiring 10 18vdc and is flash upgradable PCI4100 Unit is a plug in PC card Requires Ja full length slot 286 or better Fla
118. n and registration These protocols are currently handled by the Wavecom W4100dsp W4lpc and Hoka Code 30 2 B Special Amateur Digital Video Modes These modes can be found in the 6 meter 50 mhz 2 meter 144 148 mhz 220 mhz 430 450 mhz ranges 70 cm and higher ranges They are primarily used by Amateurs and some of them require special hardware or software to view or use These are capsule descriptions only there are several good books and magazine articles published in QST 73 and CQ magazine which go into much more detail on these modes Please consult them for more information DSC Digital Selective Calling This is a system utilized in the amateur service that allows suitably equipped radios such as those sold by Yaesu and Icom to send an ASCII burst signal that allows hams to page each other by callsign over a repeater It is somewhat similar to POCSAG PACKET This mode is very similar to that found on HF except that a different tone set typically Bell 202 tones are utilized These signals can be found in almost all the ham bands including 900 mhz There are 3 distinct protocols in use here AX 25 Similar to that on HF but speeds here are typically 1200 bd FSK or 9600 bd FSK or PSK in the UHF SHF range Some applications using AX 25 are Packet Cluster This is a real time networked mode that allows connected amateurs to immediatly report on DX stations and broadcast this information to whomever may be c
119. nd voice included Consequently it has many modes See Klingenfuss Radio teletype Code Manual 13th Ed under ALIS for more information Formerly referenced as RS ARQ in the 12th Edition Reference section 1 D for the multi tone ALIS 2 system and section 1 C for a packet like MERLIN system A semi duplex ARQ system used by the Thai and Hungarian Diplomatic service with unconfirmed use by at least one other Far Eastern Diplomatic service so this system is not unique to the Hungarians Baud rate is typically 125 bd using ITA 2 If a DUP ARQ system detects inter ference it will change frequency in 400Hz steps If a 3kHz channel is full of interference the system will select another frequency Also known as ARTRAC or 125 ARTRAC An ARQ system with the same block timing as DUP ARQ but runs at twice the baud rate 250 bd and uses the IRA ARQ PACTOR ITA2 or ITA5 character set Recent DUP ARQ systems now auto switch to DUP ARQ 2 at 250bd so this system is really an enhancement to the original DUP ARQ system Automatic channel selection and channel hopping are still supported Also known as ARTRAC II First listed in Klingenfuss 14th Ed Utility Guide This system has been monitored sending foxes de stc Probable DUP ARQ 2 signals have been noted on 13459 13462 14873 and 16061Hz Look for the characteristic channel hopping Duplex ARQ with IRA ITA 5 used by Czech Slovak Diplo stations MFA Praha CZE typically 171 42 200 2
120. nforming to CCIR 7 recommendations from Comite Consultatif International De Radio Tones supported 0 1981 1 1124 2 1197 3 1275 4 1358 5 1446 6 1540 7 1640 8 1747 9 1860 A 2400 B 930 C 2246 9 D 991 E 2110 F 0 with a tone duration of 70ms ZVEI 1 SELCAL system conforming to ZVEI 1 recommendations from Zentralverband der Electrotechnischen Industrie West Germany Tones supported 0 2400 1 1060 2 1160 3 1270 4 1400 5 1530 6 1670 7 1830 8 2000 9 2200 A 2799 9 B 810 C 970 D 886 E 2599 9 F 0 with a tone duration of 70ms ZVEI 2 SELCAL system conforming to ZVEI 2 recommendations from Zentralverband der Electrotechnischen Industrie West Germany Tones supported 1 2200 2 970 3 1060 4 1270 5 1400 6 1530 7 1670 8 1830 9 2000 A 2599 9 B 2799 9 C 810 D 886 E 2400 F 0 with a tone duration of 70ms Also called DZVEI NATEL SELCAL system conforming to Scandinavian National Telephone NATEL recommendations Tones supported 0 1633 1 631 2 697 3 770 4 852 5 941 6 1040 7 1209 8 1336 9 1477 A 1633 B 600 C 1995 D 2205 E 1805 F 0 with a tone duration of 70ms EURO SELCAL system conforming to EURO recommendations Tones supported 0 979 8 1 903 1 2 832 5 3 767 4 4 707 4 5 652 0 6 601 0 7 554 0 8 510 7 9 470 8 A 433 9 B 400 0 C 368 7 D 1153 1 E 1062 9 F O with a tone duration of 100ms Also referred to as EuroSignal This system uses 6 tones EURO5 SELCAL system as above but uses 5 tones Motorola Systems EIA SELCAL system conforming to Electr
121. ng Each tone has a duration of 37 5 ms or 75 ms giving an effective baud rate of 26 67 or 13 3 Baud rates of 53 3 have also been monitored For tuning purposes on a 13 tone Coquelet signal zero on tone 9 during standby or between tone 8 and 10 On an 8 tone Coquelet signal zero between tones 1 and 8 these tones alternating is the idle condition In general a Coquelet signal only has a 30Hz shift between tones so exact tuning is important and the ability to magnify a signal is a great feature CROWD36 Mazielka Reference Klingenfuss RadioTeletype Code Manual 13th Edition for this systems tone mapping and alphabet A Soviet MFSK system using 36 tones based on British Piccolo MK1 CIS Diplo service is the main user with suspected use by CIS Intel and Military services This system is found at 40 bd with a single tone lasting 25ms Hand keyed traffic is usually 10 bd with a single tone lasting 100ms A spectrum analyzer will show the tones arranged in 3 distinct groups of 10 11 11 tones Tones are spaced 40Hz apart and tones 1 12 24 and 36 are rarely used so you are likely to see an 80Hz gap between groups Each of the 32 tones represents one ITA2 character code Also known as CIS Russian Piccolo URS multitone CIS 10 11 11 MFSK or CIS 36 As of this date there are NO publicly available decoders for this system although they do exist in the professional market Some decoders available NOW possibly Wavecom and definitely Hoka pr
122. ng able to identify or decode it ignoring the problem of encrypted signals for the moment As of this writing it seems that Hoka offers the largest variety of modes followed by Wavecom and finally Universal See the manufacturers listing in Section 5 for the modes decoded by various units The ability to save decoded output to a file and or the printer should be considered a very important feature of any decoder Having some form of hard copy on disk preferably allows for archiving for later reference or later analysis and independent printing and editing Hoka decoders have the ability to save decoded text to disk or output to the printer I believe Wavecom its have a similar ability Universal decoders support direct output to a printer and with some software can capture to disk If you are interested in going beyond the Identification and decoding of signals heard on the air you are going to need tools Tools such as Spectrum Analyzers Character Analysis and Phase modules are some of the necessary tools needed to analyze today s modern systems This is for obvious reasons not for everyone As of this writing Hoka and Wavecom provide extensive tool sets for analyzing Signals Universal decoders provide primitive tools sets but in all fairness Universal decoders are not really meant for analysis but rather are best used for decoding known systems Shareware Trialware software is starting to include more sophisticated tools See the listing
123. number of tones For example TT2300b 010 200 008 10ms tone duration 200Hz shift between tones 8 tones present in the signal For multichannel systems a similiar arrangement is used but will show shift in channel channel spacing number of channels For example BR6028 170 340 007 170Hz channel shift 340Hz channel spacing 7 channels in the signal Supplements 6th symbol Group of system Morse Asynchronous ARQ ARQ burst type TWINPLEX Unknown FEC Multitone Radionavigation and location S Z GW NN OP 7th symbol actual system in group A Morse C Asynchronous CB telex Baudot CC telex Russian CD telex Arabic CK telex ASCII E ARQ pulse train EA ARQ 1000 duplex EB ARQ E3 EC 342 TOR 1 kan ED 342 TOR 2 kan EE 342 TOR 4 kan EF 242 TOR 2 kan EK ARQ N EL POL ARQ EM TORG 10 11 F ARQ burst FA Simplex SITOR FB FC ARQ 1000 Simplex FD SWED ARQ FE ARQ6 70 FF ARQ6 90 FG ARQ6 98 FH UN ARQ FI HC ARQ FK RS ARQ FL ARTRAC FN PACKET FX P 162 F1B F7B F1C F2C F3C J2c J3c J3E R3C CLOVER SITOR A BAUDOT TWINPLEX F7B 2 H TWINPLEX HA SITOR F7B HB F7B 1 HC F7B 2 HD F7B 3 HE F7B 4 HF F7B 5 HG F7B 6 HH with ASCII HK with Baudot HL F7 Baudot Morse HM F7 scr pt Morse J Unknown JA ARTRAC K Forward Error Correction KA FEC 100 KB SITOR B KC FEC1000 Simplex KD Autospec KE ROU FEC KF HNG FEC M Multitone MA Piccolo MK6 w ITA2 MB Piccolo MK6 w ITA5
124. of CLOVER cannot be demodulated with standard CLOVER boards as the DSP programming power requirements and memory capacity of the board was redone to support the new narrow bandwidth A commercial form of CLOVER developed by HAL Communi cations now in beta test Supports 4x the speed of standard CLOVER and uses a bandwidth of 2kHz With the doubling of tones HAL has effectively doubled the rate Symbol rate is now 62 50 The 8 tones that make up this signal are spaced 250Hz and are both phase and amplitude modulated Maximum bit rate is 3000bps BPSM QPSM 8PSM 8P2A and 16P4A with auto throttling are supported Data packets are long about 4s in duration Idle chirps are short about 3s in duration with about 8s between chirps Also known as 8 tone CLOVER Q CLOVER or QUAD CLOVER format rate BPSM 8 pulse binary phase 500 bps QPSM 8 pulse quad phase 1000 bps 8PSM 8 pulse 8 phase 1500 bps 8P2A 8 pulse 8 phase 2 amplitude 2000 bps 16P4A 8 pulse 16 phase 2 amplitude 3000 bps MERLIN RS ARQ A packet like system running at 225bd with a shift of packet 170Hz is believed to be another MERLIN RS ARQ variant its actual designation is unknown at this time 1 D MULTI TONE signals MFSK systems These signals are distinctive in how they sound A rapid succession of tones almost music like in quality is their main feature A sophisticated decoder and a rock steady receiver is needed to process these signals PICCOLO MK6 MK10
125. on Firmware updates available via download VGA or Multisync 640X480 resolution WaveCom Nachrichtentechnik AG Badenerstrasse 122 CH 8434 Kaiserstuhl Switzerland Tel 1858 0200 WaveCom W4100DSP NOTE No longer in production http www wavecom ch Comprehensive VERY sophisticated decoder for Experts VERY similar to the W4050DSP as detailed above with some minor hardware and firmware differences HP and Epson Printer drivers are available All modes detailed for the W4050DSP but includes PCM30 E1 Same as the W4050DSP Analysis Tools Identical to the W4050DSP mentioned above Hardware Firmware Differences with the W4050DSP Extras Required Supplier Decoder URL W5lLan URL Level Synopsis Modes Decoded Alphabets Analysis Tools Extras Required uses a 220 V Euro plug 110 VAC option RACAL SSI DSP receiver interface 21 4 MHz IF input available standard Software updates by floppy VGA or Multisync Monitor 640X480 resolution WaveCom Nachrichtentechnik AG Badenerstrasse 122 CH 8434 Kaiserstuhl Switzerland Tel 1858 0200 WaveCom W5lpc W51Lan http www wavecom ch HTML w51pc htm http www wavecom ch HTML w51LAN htm Comprehensive VERY sophisticated decoder for Experts The W51PC is a next generation board of the W41PC class The board contains more on board memory and requires a 32 bit PCI bus This makes the board faster and more flexible than the W41PC A 21 4 Mh
126. onics Industries Association United States EIA recommendations Tones supported 0 600 1 741 2 882 3 1023 4 1164 5 1305 6 1446 7 1587 8 1728 9 1869 A 2151 B 2432 9 C 2010 1 D 2292 E 459 F 0 with a tone duration of 33ms MODAT Tones supported 0 637 5 1 787 5 2 937 5 3 1087 5 4 1237 5 5 1387 5 6 1537 5 7 1687 5 8 1837 5 9 1987 5 REACH 11th root of 2 High Freq 0 2400 1 2253 2 2116 3 1987 4 1865 5 1751 6 1644 7 1544 8 1450 9 1361 Low Freq 0 1200 1 1127 2 1058 3 993 4 933 5 876 6 822 7 772 8 725 9 681 CCITT SELCAL system conforming to CCITT recommendations Tones supported 0 400 1 697 2 770 3 852 4 941 5 1209 6 1335 7 1477 8 1633 9 1800 A 1900 B 2000 C 2100 D 2200 E 2300 F 0 with a tone duration of 100ms VDEW SELCAL system conforming to VDEW recommendations or German Electricity Works Vereinigung Deutscher Elektrizitaetswerke Tones supported 0 2280 1 370 2 450 3 550 4 675 5 825 6 1010 7 1240 8 1520 9 1860 A 2000 B 2100 C 2200 D 2300 E 2400 F 0 with a tone duration of 100ms Hoka Code 30 can decode but needs the VHF option extra to decode these modes 2 D VHF Digital Paging Signals POCSAG ERMES GOLAY APOC FLEX Post Office Code Standardization Advisory Group Pager system developed in 1981 and is described in CCIR Recommendation 584 Radiopaging Code 1 This system can handle up to 2 million individual addresses per carrier and can support tone only numeric and text pagers Operates at 512 1200 and 2400
127. onnected One of the most common frequencies is 145 55MHz APRS somewhat similar to HF with different baud speeds being used here The national frequency for this mode on 2 meters is 145 57MHz TCP IP Transmission Control Protocol Internet Protocol This mode which uses AX 25 as the Link Layer is used for example in links between Internet and amateur BBSs Due to the nature of the protocol and speeds used 9600 bd or better units like the M8000 will not read this data However units with special software and firmware such as that found on the PK232 can utilize this mode Units operating in this mode are said to be in KISS mode This traffic may be found on 2 meters on 145 59MHz and others ATV Amateur Television This is a FSTV system used by hams in the 430 900 and 1200 Mhz systems Uses include public service and Space Shuttle relays A special de modulator is required to see this system in most in stances however some cable TVs can also see this system on channels 60 62 or XX 2 C VHF SELCAL and Analog Paging Signals There are a lot of commercial systems available that are being used today Till I get a handle on all the different manufacturers and get the information collated check out the following page It covers and presents the tones used by many commercial systems http www geocities com CapeCanaveral Lab 1060 hdwsftw html HSC Hexadecimal Sequential Code format is an analog system introduced in
128. onstructed and may give you clues as to the signal s type This takes some study but many digital DXers find tools such as these to be an invaluable aid Software Analyzer 2000 URL http www brownbear de Software Audacity URL http audacity sourceforge net Software Chromasound URL http www barberdsp com csnd csnd htm Software Diamond Cut Five Live URL http www enhancedaudio com Software DSPfilter URL http mmhamsoft ham radio ch dsp index htm Software Echofilter URL http www computecsa co za echofilter Software GNASP1 URL http www boatanchors de software gnaspl html Software Hamalyzer URL http www hamalyzer com Software Spectra Plus URL http www soundtechnology com Software Spectran URL http www qsl net padan spectran html Software Spectrogram URL http www visualizationsoftware com gram gramdl html Software SR5 URL http www ar5 ndo co uk Section 7 Reference Materials The following are a series of references related specifically to Utility Monitoring They cover logs technical information on signals and signal sources You can never have enough references when it comes to Digital Utilities 7 A Selected Vendors and Sites PC Frequency e mail support frequencymanager de http www frequencymanager de Klingenfuss Publications SHOC e mail klingenfuss compuserve com http www klingenfuss org e mail support shoc ch http www shoc ch
129. ontacts htm Decoder URL Level Synopsis Modes Decoded Analysis Tools Extras Required Winradio Digital Suite http www winradio com home ds htm NOTE also see http www winradio com home ads htm as most of the same functionality appears to exist Mid Level Software This is the first of two software packages developed for use with the Winradio family Its modest requirements plus a built in spectrum analyzer and oscilloscope should make tuning in Packet and other signals a breeze A couple of VHF modes are also supported HF Fax Packet Radio HF and VHF Digital Tone Multi Frequency Signalling DTMF Continuous Tone Coded Squelch System CTCSS Signal Classifier Note identifies voice noise data or silent channel Audio Oscilloscope and Spectrum Analyzer Squelch controlled Audio Recorder and Playback IBM PC compatible 100 MHz Pentium or higher Windows 95 98 2000 or NT4 Supplier 8 MB of RAM 3 MB of free disk space 16 bit Soundblaster compatible soundcard Winradio unit WiNRADiO Communications 222 St Kilda Road St Kilda 3182 Australia Tel 61 3 9525 5300 Fax 61 3 9525 3560 Info info winradio com Sales sales winradio com Support support winradio com A list of dealers for various parts of the world can be found at the following URL http www winradio com home contacts htm Decoder URL Level Synopsis Modes Decoded Analysis Tools Extras Require
130. or support dspGOLD for the DSP 1232 DSP 2232 Dual Port with Pactor support PKTerm for Windows http www cssincorp com pkterm HK 232 firmware after Dec 1993 MBX model PK 232 same as above MBX and DSP models DSP 232 firmware after Dec 1998 PK 290 DSP 1232 DSP 2232 PK 900 Several AEA Timewave packet only TNCs RCKRtty http www rckrtty de html product info english htm RTTY and PSK31 with Soundcard SCS PTC IIpro SCS PTC II SCS PTC IIe SCS PTCplus AEA PK232 AEA PK 232MBX AEA PK900 MFJ1278 MFJ1278B DSPCOM KAM KAMPlus HAL DXP38 HAL DSP4100 XPWare for Windows http www glaswerks com xpware xpware_for windows htm AEA PK232 PK900 DSP232 DSP2232 host mode Other AEA Timewave and Kantronics Packet modems SCS PTC PTC and PTC II Controllers Hal P38 PCI4000M and DSP 4100 6 E 3 Linux Programs Software URL TNCs Software KTPC2 http kptc sourceforge net SCS PTC II PTC IIE IIPro Various utilities see the page as stated http neurosis hungry com ben software index html M 7000 some Hoka units With the development and popularity of soundcard decoding programs another kind of program came into existance those that allow you to view an audio waveform and manipulate its characteristics In some cases one can define filters and analyze the signal utilizing an audio spectrum analyzer This capability can be used to enhance your understanding of how a digital signal is c
131. ort LA 71138 USA Tel 318 636 1234 email scancat scancat com http www scancat com NL Hoka Electronics Flessingsterrein 13 NL 9665 BZ Oude Pekela Netherlands Tel 31 5978 12327 email info hoka com Code 3 Gold Professional NOTE Supported but no longer in development per their web page http www hoka net old_product code3goldpro code3goldprouk htm Intermediate This version is very similar to Code 3 Gold but adds new analysis tools It also includes new auto tune and classify modules ASCII ITA5 45 2400 Baud Baudot ITA2 Morse CW Sitor Auto A B Sitor with auto detect A B Mode ARQ CCIR 625 A FEC CCIR 625 B Pactor 1 7 Packet Radio AX 25 HF 300 1200 Baud Hellscreiber HFDL aka HF ACARS Facsimile AM FM SSTV Martin 1 mode Slow Scan TeleVision PICCOLO MK VI MFSK 6 tones ITA2 PICCOLO MK VI MFSK 12 tones ITA5 COQUELET 8 MFSK 8 tones ITA2 COQUELET 13 MFSK 13 tones ITA5 CROWD 36 CIS 36 MFSK 36 tones PSK 31 Annex 10 Aereo Selcall HF AUTOSPEC FEC 68 5 e 137 Baud Bauer alphabet SPREAD 11 21 51 ARQ 6 70 CCIR 476 alphabet ITA3 ARQ 6 90 98 CCIR 476 Variant CCIR 476 ARQ E ARQ N ARQ E3 CCIR 519 ARQ S ARQ 1000 S ARQ SWE with 3 9 22 cre ARQ POL DUP ARQ HC ARQ RAC ARQ Merod RS ARQ ALIS 228 5 Baud RS ARQ II Merlin ALIS II 240 Baud CIS 14 AMOR 8181 TOR G10 11 CIS 11 GTOR GMDSS DSC Baudot F7B 2ch ITA2 F7b TWINPLEX ARQ F7bl F7b6 EC A FEC 100 FEC S FEC 1000 S HNG F
132. orts BAUDOT ASCII SITOR l automatic decoding speeds from 10 to A B ARQ E ARQ M2 4 6400bps bit display for analysis PACKET ARQ E3 DIGIT This allows setting word ROU FEC FEC A size parity sync async bin hex and SI ARQ SWED ARO character code options Can be fed ARQ6 90 98 CIS 11 by a comparator or dedicated SPREAD11 21 51 CW modem AUTOSPEC SI FEC ARQ N HNG FEC Oscar 11 UOSAT ACARS 1386 486 Pentium VGA com port 650K GMDSS DSC PACTOR I disk 550K mem runs in DOS LITE DUP ARQ POCSAG I I I I I I I I 21 I I I I I I I I I I I version freely available USD28 for DGPS 1382 POL ARQ registered version 4 4 A program that evidently can decode XPH the polytones used by station XPH thought to be Russian in origin JVComm32 MultiPSK Multimode Suppliers Version 1 22 includes new ability Baudot RTTY to decode Synop messages NAVTEX FAX land RTTY as well as Meteo FAX and Navtex many different types of SSTV Can ISSTV luse either Soundcard input or a Synop decode serial interface Registration is 60 Euros 4 4 DOS based program that requires a Baudot RTTY RS232 level comparitor for a signal AMTOR conversion Can run on a 286 but PACTOR ARQ FEC 1386 or better recommended land listen 4
133. ovide tools that can be used to demodulate the tones and from there derive a character set One such method is covered below ITU documents have listed 4 different kinds of CROWD36 that vary with tone duration and baud speed The entries below are commonly heard b E E tone duration ms shift between tones tones present signal v v v Russian Piccolo 1 25 40 34 40bd 2 25 10 34 3 100 40 34 10bd 4 100 10 34 A few distinct patterns can be detected in a CROWD36 signal selcal idling and sending traffic Selcal and idling are a series of 5 tones repeated in the same pattern Traffic mode is most commonly but not always found as 40bd encrypted and many times operator traffic can be found in the clear at 10bd Start up and sign off are usually 10bd and hand keyed Demodulation Decoding Using a Hoka Code30 V2 5 US select the def general multitone from the demodulators menu Settings are 36 tones 40Hz spacing and 40 1bd This will produce output consisting of the raw tone sequences Keep in mind that 10bd operator traffic will appear as a sequence of 4 repeated characters To correctly zero a CROWD36 signal is difficult The signal is asymmetric so don t use the center of the middle tone group Tones are only shifted by 40Hz and tuning errors as small as 5Hz will start to induce errors From the raw tone sequences use the table in Table 5 J to map the tone number to character A SELCAL system
134. pared to POCSAG FLEX is a synchronous time slot protocol The FLEX protocol does not send messages at random but instead sends all paging data destined for a particular pager during a pre defined time slot The pager only wakes up only when a message is expected to arrive in real time thereby saving battery life A digital encoding format developed by NEC America that supports tone only and numeric pages at a rate of 200 bps This format was developed for use in NEC R3 D3 pagers This format uses 2 methods for preserving battery life First a preamble is used to alert ALL pagers that there are incoming messages Pagers remain idle till preamble detection Second pagers are grouped by address into 1 of 4 different groups Each group is transmitted during a fixed time period and pagers only power up to look for its own address during the time its group is transmitted Error correcting codes and even parity bits are used on each address and message A digital format that supports tone numeric and voice paging This system requires 2ms to send a binary 0 and 4ms to send a binary 1 making the data transmission rate between 250 to 500 bps Mark IV could handle tone only and Mark V and Mark VI could handle up to 10 digits An FM subcarier system developed by the Swedish Telecommunications Administration This paging format supports tone only numeric and alphanumeric paging Data is transmitted using the 57kHz subcarrier at a rate of 1187 5
135. r sync 240 any time after a rx ed 5 60 chars ACK from other station 4 char CRC Is therefore Asynch 5 ITA2 188 924 3850 4 char sync 240 Packet length usually 5 180 chars data chars 8 chars 4 char CRC overhead 4 header 4CRC 4 I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I 8 ITA5 8 264 64 2112 21 704 1 start flag 1300 AX25 3 address bytes Data block 0 1 control 0 to 256 bytes 1256 data chrs 2 CRC bytes land end flag Asynchronous Bit Stream Systems Table 5 C char using size alphabet characteristics T T BAUDOT 5 bit ITA2 1 start 5 data 1 1 5 or 2 stop exact stop bit length can vary 1 char 7 7 5 8 bits T T ASCII x bit ITA5 lstart 5 6 7 data bits x 1 stop 1p optional 1 char 8 9 or 10bits p bit none even or odd T T BAUDOT 5 bit ITA2 2 ch same speed ea ch 4 frequency async F7BBN Synchronous Bit Stream Systems Table 5 D Taa SoS Sea E SS SS Se a E S char size bit R soe sss se Sss cesses ssescecssseossses using alphabet POSS RRS A E SEA repetition cycle s 5 5 seats characteristics v v v v 4 4 ARQ N 7 ITA2P 4 8 No inverted char every 4 of 8 char 4 4
136. r the Digital Review column in WUN 10 95 V1 10 and WUN 11 95 V1 11 for more info Also known as HFDL or ACARS on HF You may see this referenced as ARINC 753 1 B SYNCHRONOUS DATA BLOCK signals Signals of this type generally sound like SITOR A a distinctive chirping sound is their main characteristic Short SWED ARQ sounds and is exactly like Sitor A Idling TWINPLEX is the same as Sitor A To identify these signals by ear may be impossible depending on which mode they are currently in A decoder that can determine signal type may need active traffic to correctly identify the mode currently tuned ARQ6 70 ARQ6 90 98 G TOR SWED ARQ TWINPLEX A simplex ARQ system with a 70 bit block length using the ITA3 alphabet A regular user is unknown but the French Diplo service has in the past No loggings have been found for quite some time and no loggings have been reported in the previous year via WUN 6 character block simplex ARQ used by French and Italian Diplo services typically 200 bd ARQ 6 90 and ARQ 6 98 differ in their inter datablock timing Golay Transmission over Radio A system developed by engineers at Kantronics Inc Users of this system include Military Irish Air Corp Irish Navy Mexican Army governmental agencies ICRC and the Albanian Christian Network ACN See WUN Utility Round Up 2 97 V3 2 for more information on the ACN G tor s claimed main advantage is speed up to 4x faster than pactor It
137. red Supplier The newest version of the PTC decoder it can handle the newest versions of PACTOR and is backward compatible with older PACTOR versions 1 HF port and 2 VHF UHF packet ports are available Transceiver control for Icom Kenwood SGC R amp S and Yaesu and others are available thru a seperate port This unit utilizes a true 32 bit system using a Motorola RISC unit Firmware updates are available free and can be downloaded from the website See http www scs ptc com software html for information LED Indicators for Idle connection type compression and packet status with PTT shown on front panel along with a series of tuning LEDs Compatible transceiver such as those from Icom Kenwood Yaesu SGC and others See the website for more information SCS Special Communications Systems Roentgenstrasse 36 D 63454 Hanau Germany Phone 49 6181 23368 6 A 4 Universal Decoders Decoder URL Level Synopsis Modes Decoded Analysis Tools Universal M8000 version 7 5 http www universal radio com catalog decoders 0087 html Professional grade sophisticated decoder for Experts Stand alone decoder much used by professional and semi professional monitoring agencies around the world Decodes just about anything that you ll hear on VHF or HF but not quite in the same league as the Hoka PC based systems or the Wavecom family Can be fully controlled by a computer or terminal Ten memories can be used to
138. s typically 100 bd SITOR A is most commonly monitored with a 170Hz shift but stations such as MOI Spain have been monitored using a 400Hz shift Guardia Civil Spain have also used a 400Hz wide shift the Spanish Air Force has been using a 300Hz wide shift and the Norwegian Navy has been found using 300Hz and 850Hz shift Also known as ARQ or TOR Common User Shift Hz Amateur Marine Gov Diplo 170 Spanish Air Force 300 MOI Spain 400 Guardia Civil Spain 400 Norwegian Navy 300 850 Siemens Simplex ARQ used by Austrian and Indonesian Diplo services typically 96 144 192 or 200 bd Also known as ARQ S or ARQ 1000S Rohde amp Schwarz simplex ARQ so far found in use by German Italian MFA and GDF Nairobi and Turkish Diplo services typically 228 7bd but reports of 457 0 have been noted Usually found with an ACF 59 There appears to be no real name for the data system Now referred to in Klingenfuss documents as ALIS but strictly speaking ALIS is only the automatic link processor and frequency management system It is not responsible for generating the traffic ALIS is there fore somewhat of a misnomer The modems generating the traffic are the GM857 and GM2000 Our suggestion is to stick with RS ARQ as the system name Many of the diplo users actually control their networks with MERLIN the name for the R amp S complete data over radio and message handling system that can transparently deal with many types of data fax a
139. s of 4 spaced 300Hz apart with a 450Hz intergroup gap 4 tones w 300Hz spacing 450Hz gap 4 tones w 300Hz spacing Most 4 4 signals seem to be centered on 74 For an example try the signal centered on 8321 74 8320 8321 8321 74 8322 I I I v I I lime zac rali EEEE reread 61 91 21 51 96 26 56 86 Another system with very little factual information This 7 tone MFSK system appears on the Klingenfuss recordings cassette on track 32 Sources indicate that this system is also generally unknown so I will list it here pending confirmation ARTOR Adaptive Robust Transmission Over Radio an adaptive error free mode for HF using QPSK First mention of this system found in the 13th Edition of the Code Manual Typical baud rates are documented to be 50 100 or 200 automatically selected ARQ and FEC modes are supported This system has never been logged and probably has not been commercially released by the developer Ascom Radiocom Ltd Switzerland Ascom did advertise the system as ARTOR our new HF modem in the June 1992 issue of Signal and probably exhibited at CommunicAsia 92 in Singapore and AFCEA 92 in Washington D C QAM A system reportedly used by the Chinese unknown usual bd rates A sample of this signal is available on the Klingenfuss CD CD 2 Trk9 or Cassette Trk37 This is also the name for the modulation technique Quad Phase Shift Keying with Amplitude Modulation or Quadrature Amplitude Modulation QAM co
140. sh upgradable 4 4 This version is believed to replace Packet 300 1200 baud the KAM98 It will include dual GTor mailboxes and is GPS compatible PACTOR 1 Remote control sysop access PSK31 Host and KISS modes supported RTTY Dual ports one may be devoted to NAVTEX AMTEX HF operations are supplied ASCII WXFAX I AMTOR ARQ ICW 4 Computer interface that allows user supports Hamcomm to copy RTTY and FAX Hamcomm and land JVFAX style JVFax supplied Autosave and ATC software 4 Tuning indicator for RTTY CW speed RTTY CW ASCII tracking WeFAX can show 16 grey WeFAX and color levels or full color FAX requires FAX 1512k RAM and can zoom VGA is supported Auto Signal Analyzer 4 A basic interface for Commodore or RTTY ASCII CW IBM compatibles for digital xsmn 8 pole filter for 170hz RTTY and CW Built in tuning indicator Note MFJ1225 is identical in functions but is receive only III e e e e e r r m e 120 LED bargraph for tuning 32K Packet HF VHF email memory is available Note PACTOR MFJ1276T is identical but has an additional 2400 baud modem eee ee ee ee ee e e ew ew ew ew ew ew ee e ee ewe we ee ee ee eee e
141. store favourite operating settings Housed in a standard 19 inch rack mount cabinet Baudot RTTY 20 to 250 Baud auto speed determination CW auto speed determination SITOR A SITOR B ASCII ITA 5 IRA 75 110 150 300 600 1200 Baud VET FDM 8 12 16 or 24 channels Piccolo 6 tone ARQ M2 86 96 100 Baud ARQ M4 172 192 200 Baud ARQ E 48 64 72 86 96 144 192 Baud ARQ E3 48 64 72 86 96 100 192 200 Baud ARQ S 4 5 6 7 character blocks ARQ 6 90 200 Baud SWED ARQ 3 9 22 character blocks FEC A 96 144 192 Baud FEC S 96 100 144 192 200 Baud FAX 60 90 120 240 LPM 288 or 576 IOC AX 25 Packet 300 1200 baud PACTOR 100 200 Baud PACKET w pass all packets POL ARQ GMDSS Third shift Cyrillic alphabet can be printed on screen Literal mode printing of data Extras Required Options Supplier received databit mode auto baudrate tuning and shift determination Start printer when upto 3 matching selcalls are received On screen tuning scope Screen print and screen saver Multi channel ARQ surveillance function Signal spectrum display User settable signal filters Multiple scroll inhibit and Unshift on Space Built in self test functions Display has on screen tuning bars and real time clock VGA colour monitor 640x860 resolution or better Graphics compatible parallel printer for FAX 19 inch rack mounting kit service manual US Universal Radio 6830 Americana Parkway Re
142. t Communication and Reporting System A packet like 2400 bps MSK digital air to ground system for passing plane data and messages Check the following frequencies in AM mode for signals 131 550 US primary 130 025 US secondary 129 125 US tertiary 131 475 Air Canada proprietary channel 131 725 Europe primary 131 525 Europe secondary 131 825 Europe 131 450 Japan primary GMDSS DSC DSC on VHF is the same as DSC on MF HF except that the system uses a 1200 bd and the packet is very short only about 0 5 sec Frequency used is Ch 70 156 525Mhz EMWIN Emergency Managers Weather Information Network is an experimental data service formerly known as WWIN Wireless Weather Information Network run by the National Weather Service that utilizes a 1200 baud ASCII Bell 202 signal to transmit a hypertext system maps and text together that lists weather conditions It is possible to reprogram some of the professional units such as the M7000 to receive the text infor mation but special software is required to fully use both maps and the text Areas currently supported Location Watts Frequency MHz Washington DC 600watts 163 35 Norman OK 50watts 169 025 Tulsa OK 250watts 165 0125 Oklahoma City OK 300watts 150 525 Wichita Falls TX KTEO 90 5 FM 92kHz subcarrier Note the data is also transmitted from GOES 8 GOES 9 G4 Ku tr 4 and T1 Ku tr 5a FMS BOS Funkmeldesystem fur Behorden und Organisationen mit Sicherh
143. t will work before purchasing In recent years 2 modes ALE and HF ACARS also referred to as PC HFDL have become more readily decodable thanks to work by Charles Brain of Great Britian ALE is often used by the military and some diplomatic stations For more information on ALE see http www chbrain dircon co uk pcale html Charles has also written software that will copy a relativly new mode known as HFDL This is actually a series of protocols used by the military and aviation industries Charles version copies the protocol used by the airlines to report aircraft positions statuses and other information to ground stations You can download both the freeware and commercial versions of this software called PC HFDL here http www chbrain dircon co uk pchfdl html 6 A PROFESSIONAL SEMI PRO UNITS 6 A 1 HOKA Decoders Decoder Code 3 NOTE Supported but no longer in development per their web page URL http www hoka net old product code3 code3uk htm Level Comprehensive sophisticated decoder for Experts Synopsis The Hoka Code 3 comes in two parts an interface box which connects to a free serial port of an IBM compatible PC and the software itself on a 1 44Mb 3 5 inch PC diskette The hardware interface box now contains a software controlled filter which improves decoding performance over the previous version v4 Bandpass filter is automatically controlled in center frequency and bandwidth for optimum setting depend
144. ta spread in effect SPREAD is Autospec Mk2 When a station sending SPREAD is idling it cannot be distinguished from AUTOSPEC The 2 systems can only be identified when sending traffic CIS DGPS DUP FEC DUP FEC 2 FEC A FEC 100 GMDSS DSC A general term defining a few systems used by Russian organizations they are distinguished from each other by the bit lengths used 11 14 or 27 bits CIS 11 and CIS 14 are reported to be decodeable using the Wavecom 4100DSP or the W41PC and Hoka Code 30 CIS 11 is a single channel duplex ARQ system used by Russian meteorological stations running at 100 05bd according to Wavecom or 50 100 150 200 and 300 according to Klingenfuss RadioTeletype Code Manual 13th Edition This system uses the Cyrillic M2 alphabet in an 11bit word 5 bits for the M2 word bits reversed 2 bit system state and 4 bits error correction CIS 11 is also known as TORG 11 system has not been used by Russians for years CIS 14 is reported to be used by Russian PTT stations on links to the former republics CIS 14 is a two channel duplex ARQ system running at 96 192bd according to Wavecom but the 13th Edition of the Code Manual lists a whole host of baud rates 42 1 47 5 48 50 70 5 72 83 3 84 21 94 11 96 100 144 200 and 288 bd This system has a 14 bit frame size with a 2 bit channel state 2 M2 characters bit interleaved and 2 bits error detection CIS 14 is most commonly logged running with 96
145. tained in the machine making for simple update Baudot RTTY Auto speed determination CW Auto speed determination SITOR A SITOR B ASCII ITA 5 IRA SI ARQ FEC A SI FEC AUTOSPEC SWED ARQ ARQ E ARQ E3 POL ARQ ARQ M2 ARQ M4 AX 25 Packet 300 and 1200 Baud FAX 60 90 120 240 LPM 288 352 576 IOC Speed Baudrate Determination IAS Baudrate determination Shift Measurement System Alphabet and Bit analysis Unshift On Space UOS Multiple Scroll Inhibit Composite Video Monitor WaveCom Nachrichtentechnik AG Badenerstrasse 122 CH 8434 Kaiserstuhl Switzerland Tel 1858 0200 WaveCom W4050DSP NOTE No longer in production URL Level Synopsis Modes Decoded HF Alphabets http www wavecom ch Comprehensive VERY sophisticated decoder for Experts Full use is be made of Digital Signal Processing technology allowing for the decoding of traditional and more complex systems like DPSK QPSK etc Has a very powerful suite of analysis tools and modes that can be decoded HP and Epson Printer drivers are available Many VHF modes are also supported ALE ARQ E ARQ E3 ARQ M2 242 and 342 ARQ M4 242 and 342 ARQ N ARQ 6 90 ARQ 6 98 ASCII AUTOSPEC Baudot RTTY BULG ASCII CIS 11 CIS 14 CIS 36 COQUELET 8 COQUELET 16 COQUELET 30 CW DGPS DUP ARQ DUP ARQ2 DUP FEC2 FEC A FELDHELL G TOR GMDSS DSC HC ARQ HNG FEC PACKET 300 600 1200 PACTOR 1 6 PICCOLO
146. the Seiko MessageWatch The system is currently in limited use in the US with expansion planned into the top 20 US markets within the next 2 years VHF Two way Paging Signals ReFLEX A Motorola two way paging scheme Currently comes in 2 forms ReFLEX 25 which supports an outbound channel capacity of 12 800bps and inbound capacity up to 9600 bps and ReFLEX 50 which supports an outbound channel capacity of 25 600bs and inbound capacity up to 9600 bps Both forms utilize a 50kHz channel This scheme is designed to give the end user the ability to ack nowledge a message send replies and download data inFLEXon A Motorola two way paging protocol that allows voice and data messaging using a 50kHz Narrow Band PCS channel with a throughput of 112K bps This system is based on the ReFLEX protocol NexNet A proprietary two way system created by Nexus Tele communications Ltd of Israel uses Spread Spectrum transmission from the pager to send responses The current system uses POCSAG to send messages to the pager Data sent outbound from the pager is transparent to the incoming data which means that this two way paging system can coexist on pre existing one way paging channels Testing in Minneapolis Chicago and Orlando by American Paging is expected to be completed by the end of 1996 RAMP Radio Mail Protocol A two way pager protocol built to be backwardly compatible with APOC Currently under development by Philips Telecom pACT An AT
147. ttempt is made to completely list the complete capabilities and features of the professional units based on the latest literature from the manufacturers This is done because they provide the most for the money In the hobby units an attempt is made to provide hilites for each unit Keep in mind that it is impossible to own or test all the units mentioned here nor would you want to Many units provide the same capability and similiar tools and the decision to buy one unit over another will probably come down to cost Another question to consider is whether or not hobbiest units can really be considered serious units for monitoring If you have the desire to ferret out and identify digital signals then these units will have a high frustration factor because they don t include the wide selection of modes currently on the air or the necessary tools to analyse a signal If some military marine or amateur monitoring is what you are looking for then these units can be a cost effective selection FAX and SSTV units are not covered in this document Instead check out one of the best FAX SSTV references on the net http www hffax de This page is maintained by Marius Rensen and covers FAX technology FAX programs transmission schedules and decoders This page also includes SSTV related See the SSTV information in Section 1 F of this document for other net resources Specifically this section covers the following data decoders new new
148. uspect NATO and is much rarer than the 2400 PSK Believed UK US Mil system Sample of frequencies 4757 5237 10386kHz A North Korean BPSK system running at 1200bps The North Korean Diplomatic services are making use of this system along with the usual Baudot This section lists signals that have conflicting information Some may be fabrications some may be just unknown These systems will be listed here rather then mix them among the confirmed and better documented systems 108 8 170 1200 FSK 4 4 AIRCALL An interesting FSK signal commonly logged in the UK running at 108 8bd and a shift of 170Hz Shows an ACF of 32 during idle with a traffic ACF of 0 Very strong AM carriers have been noted nearby with Counting Station traffic after transmission indicating a US Intel source A 1200bps FSK system known to be used by the Italian Military or Diplo service Always has a distinctive 7kHz offset Has been heard on 6811 7 9126 7 10485 7 and 13904 7kHz amongst other channels Italian operator chatter in USB on the carrier point can often be heard prior to messages being sent This is an 8 tone MFSK signal with a unique tone arrangement It is a Chinese Diplo system with most traffic originating from Peking Its real name and base modulation mode FSK PSK are unknown although analysis suggests that each of the 8 channels is 150bd or 75bd synchronous FSK No estimation of total baud rate The tones are grouped in set
149. ww hoka net old_product code30 code30uk htm NOTE Supported but no longer in development per their web page Comprehensive VERY sophisticated decoder for Experts This is the new version of Code 30 with a different PC card It is now DSP driven with matched filters for PCs ARINC ANNEX10 Selcal aircraft selcals ARQ6 70 ARQ6 90 amp 98 ARQ E ARQ N built info ARQ E module ARQ1000D ARQ E3 ARQ M2 242 2 ch CCIR242 ARQ M4 242 4 ch CCIR242 Part of ARQ M2 242 module ARQ M2 342 2 ch CCIR342 2 ARQ M4 342 4 ch CCIR342 2 Part of ARQ M2 242 module ARQ S SI ARQ ASCII ITA 5 IRA AUTOSPEC also all SPREADs Baudot RTTY with Auto speed determination Baudot F7BBN RITY with Auto speed determination COQUELET Mk I 13 tone COQUELET Mk II 8 tone COQUELET 8 FEC CW with Auto speed determination uses Farnsworth method DUP ARQ ARTRAC FAX 60 90 120 240 LPM 288 352 576 IOC B W and 256 shade at 1024x768 Also Meteosat AM demod FEC A with Error correction enabled FEC A RAW no Error correction GMDSS DSC HC ARQ HELLSCHREIBER HNG FEC AX 25 Packet 300 and 1200 Baud PACTOR including ICRC and UNHCR variants PICCOLO Mark VI POL ARQ ROU FEC RUM FEC SI FEC FEC S SITOR A SITOR A RAW Demodulators Analysis Tools SITOR B SPREAD 11 21 51 built into AUTOSPEC module SWED ARQ ARQ SWED TIME DCF77 set PC date time to DCF77 time TORG 10 amp 11 TWINPLEX HFDL otherwise known as HF A
150. y abandoned and Belgian mil police COQUELET Mk II is a synchronous 8 tone ITA2 system used by Algerian Diplo and Customs COQUELET Mk I is also referred to as C0013 COQUELET Mk II is also referred to as COQ8 and can use a fourth shift Arabic Latin keyboard Also note that users of COQ8 seem to be using a hybrid COQ8 C0Q13 system possible COQUELET Mk III It is probable that this is COQ 82 or COQUELET 8 v2 a synchronous scrambled system mentioned as being available on Wavecoms W41PC W4100DSP used on the Algerian Diplo links This system is capable of recog nizing either Latin or Arabic keyboards and can switch accordingly The system has a distinctive 13 3bd pre amble with a row of j s This system is probably being phased out C0013 translates each 5 unit ITA 2 character into a sequence of 2 tones out of total of 12 A 13th tone represents the idle condition The system takes each character and breaks it into a 3 bit piece and a 2 bit piece The first 3 bits of the character are sent as 1 out of 8 possible tones 1 8 and the second 2 bits are sent as 1 out of 4 possible tones 10 13 The idle tone tone 9 is heard only during the idle or standby condition Each tone is 75 ms in length or one character is 150 ms long giving the system a baud rate of 13 5 C008 directly translates each character into a set of 2 tones from a total set of 8 tones The idle condition used by this system is made up of tones 1 and 8 sent alternati
151. ynoldsburg Ohio OH 43068 USA Tel 614 866 4267 UK Martin Lynch 140 142 Northfield Avenue Ealing London W13 9SB United Kingdom Tel 44 181 566 1120 6 A 5 Timewave units Decoder DSP unit URL Description Synopsis features Modes Decoded Extras Required DSP 599zx http www timewave com amprods html A highly flexible DSP noise and data filter with many configuarble features One option is with the use of their DSP RTTY software it can decode several digital modes Hyper speed DSP Processor with 80 KB Ram Field upgradeable design keeps you up to date LCD display for Visible MemoryTM and Calibrated FiltersTM Wideband filter for AM and FM VHF amp UHF Continuous filter tuning up to 5 000 Hz using optical encoders Voice Lowpass Highpass from 200 Hz 5 000 Hz CW and Data filters 10 Hz to 600 Hz wide Audio Test Instrument Generator Millivoltmeter amp Tone Decoder Manual notch Heterodyne Eliminator Provides noise reduction Bandpass filters Bandwidths range from 10 Hz to 600 Hz and center frequencies from 200 Hz to 2150 Hz Can function as a DSP front end to popular TNCs such as KAM PK 232 MFJ 1278 Functions as a dedicated TU for a PC with the appropriate software RTTY Shifts 170 200 425 850 Hz Data Rates 45 50 57 75 Baud Has data filters for AMTOR PACTOR SSTV PSK31 PACKET G TOR CW DSP RTTY software requires 486 PC or better Microsoft Windows 95 Windows
152. z IF output is standard not optional as it is with the other boards in this class The W5lLan can be used in LAN applications mobile or portable It is enclosed ina shielded metallic box and will interface with Windows XP or third party software such as Shoc RSM c It has the same capabilities as W51PC except that it has its own operating system complete with hard drive and running on Windows XP All modes listed for W4050 except Coquelet 16 30 Spread 31 additional modes CCIR 1 7 CIS 36 Coquelet 13 80 FM Hell MFSK 8 16 Mil 188 110A Mil 188 110B Pactor Globe Wireless version Clover Globe Wireless version Pactor 7 8 Pactor II 1 8 Pactor2 Fec 1 8 PSK125F PSK63F Spread 51 SSTV SC 1 8s and Automatic STANAG 4285 4415 4529 4539 5066 All characters sets included in W4050 Additional character sets ITA5 French ITA2 Hebrew 5 bit Greek Morse Arabic Morse Hebrew Morse Wavecom Unicode format Same as those found on W40PC but all FFT functions limited to a max bandwidth of 192 khz In addition a code analysis function is available W51PC Pentium 200 Mhz Windows machine min 800x600 resolution W5lLan System contains Pentium 800 Mhz Windows Supplier URL W41USB URL Level Synopsis Modes Decoded Alphabets Anaylsis Tools Extras Required Supplier XP machine 256 MB RAM 20 GB Drive triple 10 100 Ethernet 1 Serial 2 USB SVGA video adaptor for 9 32 VDC 100 230

Last Update: Aug 23, 1997

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