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R&S®FS-K10x(PC) LTE Measurement Software (Uplink) User Manual

1. 155 UNT STIR outer nete re Re RE aee RR eee IR a DR Me MEER EMEN RS UE 155 UNIT CARES T 155 SENSe LTEPANT enna SE oCh ooo a acia oia 155 SENSE LTEFSLOT SELEC EE 156 SENSe EETETFPREamble SELgel retentu da 156 SENSE LTE SUBFAM SELEG iai eter etre eet Re data 156 Remote Commands to Configure General Settings UNIT EVM lt Unit gt This command selects the EVM unit Parameters lt Unit gt DB EVM results returned in dB PCT EVM results returned in RST PCT Example UNIT EVM PCT EVM results to be returned in mmm mm UNIT BSTR Unit This command selects the way the bit stream is displayed Parameters Unit SYMbols Displays the bit stream using symbols BITs Displays the bit stream using bits RST SYMbols Example UNIT BSTR BIT Bit stream gets displayed using Bits UNIT CAXes Unit This command selects the scale of the x axis for result displays that show subcarrier results Parameters Unit CARR Shows the number of the subcarriers on the x axis HZ Shows the frequency of the subcarriers on the x axis Example UNIT CAX HZ Selects frequency scale for the x axis SENSe L TE ANTenna SELect Antenna This command selects the antenna for which the results are shown Remote Commands to Configure General Settings Parameters lt Antenna gt Number of the antenna 1 2 3 4 Number o
2. Result display Parameter ACLR SPEC ACP Allocation Summary STAT ASUM Bitstream STAT BSTR Capture Buffer PVT CBUF CCDF STAT CCDF Constellation Diagram CONS CONS CSI RS Weights Magnitude BEAM IRWM CSI RS Weights Phase BEAM IRWP DFT Precoded Constellation CONS DFTC EVM vs Carrier EVM EVCA EVM vs Subframe EVM EVSU EVM vs Symbol EVM EVSY EVM vs Symbol x Carrier EVM EVSC Group Delay SPEC GDEL Inband Emission SPEC IE Power Spectrum SPEC PSPE Power vs Symbol x Carrier SPEC PVSC Spectrum Flatness SPEC SFL Spectrum Flatness Difference SPEC SFD Spectrum Flatness SRS SPEC SFSR 9 4 Remote Commands to Perform Measurements Result display Parameter Spectrum Emission Mask SPEC SEM Time Alignment Error PVT TAER DISPlay WINDow lt n gt TABLe lt State gt This command turns the result summary on and off Parameters lt State gt ON Turns the result summary on and removes all graphical results from the screen OFF Turns the result summary off and restores the graphical results that were previously set Example DISP TABL OFF Turns the result summary off Remote Commands to Perform Measurements l lg icu coii a a easteede aes 122 IS ete EE 122 SERGE usd ii 123 INITiate IMMediate This command initiates a new measurement sequence With a frame count gt 0 this means a restart of the corresponding number of measure men
3. eee 35 Measuring the Spectrum niece aii 38 Frequency Sweep Measurements enne ener nnne 38 et Measurements viii A nie 41 Measuring the Symbol Constellation eese nnn 46 Measuring Statistics ic ii 48 3GPP Test Scenari os eecseieeieieeisiiecenense ie 50 General SOtinOS Me eiaa 52 4 1 4 1 1 4 1 2 4 1 3 4 1 4 4 1 5 4 1 6 4 2 4 3 4 4 4 4 1 4 4 2 4 5 4 5 1 4 5 2 4 5 3 4 5 4 4 5 5 5 1 5 1 1 5 1 2 5 2 5 2 1 5 2 2 5 2 3 5 3 5 3 1 5 3 2 5 3 3 5 3 4 5 3 5 5 3 6 Configuring the Measurement eese nennen nnne nnne nennen 52 Defining General Signal Characteristics cccccccccceeeeeeeeeeeeeeneeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeseeeeseeeess 52 Configuring the Input 53 Configuring the Input Level 54 Configuring the ER TEE 56 Configuring Measurement Results sse 58 Configuring Time Alignment Measurements eme 61 Configuring MIMO Measurement Setups eeeeeenneeeneenn enn 61 Triggering Measurements eese rn cnn rra narran 63 Spectrum Settings wee omic ii ER EENES 64 Configuring SEM and ACLR Measurements eene 64 Configuring Spectrum Flatness Measurement ono em 66 Advanced Settidgs ooiomicicnicinsccccnninnnnnano carrasco 66 Controlling UO Data 67 Configuring the Baseband Input 67 Using Advanced Input Geitngs enne 68 Configuring the
4. Assumed Adjacent Channel Carrier Selects the assumed adjacent channel carrier for the ACLR measurement The supported types are EUTRA of same bandwidth 1 28 Mcps UTRA 3 84 Mcps UTRA and 7 68 Mcps UTRA Note that not all combinations of LTE Channel Bandwidth settings and Assumed Adj Channel Carrier settings are defined in the 3GPP standard Remote command SENSe POWer ACHannel AACHannel on page 163 Noise Correction Turns noise correction on and off Note that the input attenuator makes a clicking noise after each sweep if you are using the noise correction in combination with the auto leveling process Remote command SENSe POWer NCORrection on page 163 Auto Gating Turns gating for SEM and ACLR measurements on and off If on the software evaluates the on periods of an LTE TDD signal only The software determines the location and length of the on period from the TDD UL DL Allocations and the Configuration of the Special Subframe Note that the automatic cyclic prefix mode detection is not supported if you have turned on Auto Gating In that case you have to select the cyclic prefix mode manually Auto gating is available for TDD measurements in combination with an external or IF power trigger Advanced Settings If you are using an external trigger the DUT has to send an LTE frame trigger Remote command SENSe SWEep EGATe AUTO on page 163 4 4 2 Configuring Spectrum Flatness Mea
5. eeceseeseeeeeeeeeeeeeaeeeeeeaeene 33 result SUMMA rios 30 spectrum 0098 spectrum flatness 243 spectrum flatness difference 2 44 spectrum flatness SRS e 44 spectrum mask 3 39 jeje qm M 48 Multicarrier Tilt iere geed eege e 74 N Number of RB rre eere irte deere eres 75 Numetical results co recte ine tees 30 P Phase mire ERE Power spectrum s i Power vs symbol x carrier c oooooccnccocccicccnonnnanncnonccancnnnnccnno 34 PUCCH Structure Delta Sif uet rcc rara 90 ORM AG S 91 N PUCGH catolica 91 N 1 cs n OA N 2 RB itte 91 Number of RBs for PUCCH PUSCH Structure Frequency Hopping Mode A 89 Info in else e 89 Number of Subbands ctrca 89 PUSCH Hopping Offset accionista ica dd 89 R Reference Level vivir Resource Blocks Result Display Constellation Selection 2 ren 47 Result sumimaty err rh rra entr rra rrr 30 S Scrambling Of coded bits erre 72 Screen Layos xin aere eere ita ed 23 SEM requirement entrer rr tirer 65 Settings AU Lon t erroe etate o Poet cn La a Eod sea 78 Auto Demodulation e 73 Balanced 68 Capture Times unta ari 56 Gel ID EE 78 Gell Identity Group 2 ete eror erect 78 Channel Bandwidth rms 75 Channel Estimation Range eesssss 72 Com
6. CONFigure LTE UL CC lt cci gt DRS SEQHopping lt State gt This command turns sequence hopping for uplink signals on and off Parameters lt State gt ON OFF RST OFF Example CONF UL DRS SEQH ON Activates sequence hopping 9 8 3 2 Configuring the Sounding Reference Signal CONFigure LTE UL SRSIANST ou coord 181 CONFigure TELUL SRS BHOP coincidir ec aa aii 181 EE Le DE E RTE EE 181 GONFigure TEEULISRSIOSRS notre rp add 181 CON Figure LTE UL SRS CVG dee eee edt e oe a AREA 182 CONFigure LL TEL ZS estate iie ee ipe eret e a ended aevo sedo eg eye der 182 CONFOWwel ENEE OU RE 182 CONFigtire LTEPULISRSINRRG iii A iaa 182 GONFigure E TESCH dada 182 CONElqurel TE LU SRS STAT cr Exo o seu XR E ee Cun eut a exe ores e re xe x Eee xus 183 CONFigure E TEEUL SRS SUCGOnfilg 2 uaa tenenda ria 183 CONFigure ETE UL SAS DIRCONID S amete cis A tee en eret dns 183 Remote Commands to Configure the Demodulation CONFigure LTE UL SRS ANST lt State gt This command turns simultaneous transmission of the Sounding Reference Signal SRS and ACK NACK messages via PUCCH on and off Simultaneous transmission works only if the PUCCH format ist either 1 1a 1b or 3 Parameters lt State gt ON Allows simultaneous transmission of SRS and PUCCH OFF SRS not transmitted in the subframe for which you have config ured simultaneous transmission of PUCCH and SRS Example CONF UL SRS ANST ON Turns simul
7. sss 146 CALOCulate n LIMit k SUMMary EVM UPRA AVERage RESUIt esses 146 CALOCulate n LIMit k SUMMary EVM USQP AVERage RESUIt eesuseeesesssss 146 CAL Culate nzLlMitcks SGUMMarv EVMUSGPTIAVERaoelREGut nnn eneeeeeeeeeene 147 CAL Culate nzLlMitcks SGUMMarv EVMUSGTTAVERaoelREGut ennnen e eeeeeeene 147 CALOCulate n LIMit k SUMMary FERRor MAXimum RESUIt cesses 148 CALOulate n LIMit k SUMMary FERRor AVERage RESUIt sees 148 CALOCulate n LIMit k SUMMary GIMBalance MAXimum RESUIt eeeeeeeesesssss 148 CALOCulate n LIMit k SUMMary GIMBalance AVERage RESUIt suus 148 CAL Culate nzLlMitcks SUMMarv IOOFtserMANimum RE Gu 148 CALCulate lt n gt LIMit lt k gt SUMMary IQOFfset AVERage RESuIt cccceecseeeseeeeeeeeeeneees 148 CAL Culate nzLlMitcks SUMMarv OUADerrorMAXimum RE Su 149 CALOCulate n LIMit k SUMMary QUADerror AVERage RESUIt ees 149 CALCulate lt n gt LIMit lt k gt SUMMary SERRor MAXimum RES Ult ooccicccciccccncnccccccconininnnnnnnns 149 CAL Culate nzLlMitcks SGUMMarv SGERbRort AVERaoelRE Gun 149 CAL Culate lt n gt LIMit lt k gt SUMMary EVM ALL MAXimum RESult CAL Culate lt n gt LIMit lt k gt SUMMary EVM ALL AVERage RESult This command queries the results of the EVM limit check of all resource elements
8. Introduction Commands are program messages that a controller e g a PC sends to the instru ment or software They operate its functions setting commands and request informa tion query commands Some commands only work either way setting only query only others work both ways setting and query The syntax of a SCPI command consists of a so called header and in most cases one or more parameters A query command must append a question mark after the last header element even if it contains a parameter A header contains one or more keywords separated by a colon Header and parame ters are separated by a white space ASCII code 0 to 9 11 to 32 decimal e g blank If there is more than one parameter for a command these are separated by a comma from one another This chapter summarizes the most important characteristics that you need to know when working with SCPI commands For a more complete description refer to the manual of one of the R amp S analyzers d 9 2 1 Remote command examples Note that some remote command examples mentioned in this introductory chapter may not be supported by this application Long and Short Form The keywords have a long and a short form You can use either the long or the short form but no other abbreviations of the keywords The short form is emphasized in upper case letter Note however that this emphasis only serves the purpose to distinguish the short from the
9. Minimum Output Power chapter 6 3 2 Power gt Result Summary Transmit Off Power chapter 6 3 3 n a On Off Time Mask chapter 6 3 4 n a Power Control chapter 6 3 5 n a Frequency Error chapter 6 5 1 Frequency Error gt Result Sum mary Transmit Modulation chapter 6 5 2 1 chapter 6 5 2 2 chapter 6 5 2 3 chapter 6 5 2 4 EVM results UO Offset gt Result Summary Inband Emission Spectrum Flatness Occupied Bandwidth chapter 6 6 1 Occupied Bandwidth Out of Band Emission Spurious Emissions chapter 6 6 2 1 chapter 6 6 2 2 chapter 6 6 2 3 chapter 6 6 3 1 Spectrum Emission Mask Spectrum Emission Mask ACLR Spurious Emissions chapter 6 6 3 2 Spurious Emissions chapter 6 6 3 3 Spurious Emissions Transmit Intermodulation chapter 6 7 ACLR Time Alignment chapter 6 8 Time Alignment these measurements are available in the Spectrum application of the Rohde amp Schwarz signal and spec trum analyzers for example the R amp S FSW 4 4 1 4 1 1 Configuring the Measurement General Settings The following chapter contains all settings that are available in the General Settings dialog box e Configuring the Measurement eene eerte nnne 52 e Configuring MIMO Measurement Getups nanan nee 61 e Triggering Measurement nennen neni nnn nn nennen 63 Spectrum Settings EE 64 e Advanced e EE 66 Configuring the Measurement The general settings c
10. SCPI command RST Elements and layout of the user interface The user interface of the LTE measurement application is made up of several ele ments Capture Tim Power vs Symbol X Carrier User Manual 1308 9135 42 15 24 R amp S FS K101 103 105PC Welcome 1 Header table The header table shows basic information like measurement frequency or sync state 2 Diagram area The diagram area contains the measurement results You can display it in full screen or split screen mode The result display is separated in a header that shows the title etc and the diagram area that show the actual results 3 Status bar The status bar contains information about the current status of the measurement and the software 4 Hotkeys Hotkeys contain functionality to control the measurement process 5 Softkeys Softkeys contain functionality to configure and select measurement functions 6 Hardkeys Hardkeys open new softkey menus The status bar The status bar is located at the bottom of the display It shows the current measure ment status and its progress in a running measurement The status bar also shows warning and error messages Error messages are generally highlighted Display of measurement settings The header table above the result displays shows information on hardware and mea surement settings Sync State Capture Time Frame The header table includes the following information e Freq The analyzer RF
11. 1 1 64 2 00 0 2 00 00 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 P P PU P P PU P P P P 1 1 The table contains the following information e Subframe Number of the subframe the bits belong to e Allocation ID Channel the bits belong to e Codeword Code word of the allocation e Modulation Modulation type of the channels e Symbol Index or Bit Index Shows the position of the table row s first bit or symbol within the complete stream e Bit Stream The actual bit stream Remote command Selecting the result display CALCulate lt n gt FEED STAT BSTR Querying results TRACe DATA 3 7 3GPP Test Scenarios 3GPP defines several test scenarios for measuring user equipment These test scenar ios are described in detail in 3GPP TS 36 521 1 The following table provides an overview which measurements available in the LTE software are suited to use for the test scenarios in the 3GPP documents Table 3 1 Test scenarios for E TMs as defined by 3GPP 3GPP TS 36 521 1 Test scenario Test described in Measurement UE Maximum Output Power chapter 6 2 2 Power gt Result Summary Maximum Power Reduction chapter 6 2 3 Power gt Result Summary Additional Maximum Power chapter 6 2 4 Power gt Result Summary Reduction User Manual 1308 9135 42 15 50 Test scenario Test described in 3GPP Test Scenarios Measurement Configured UE transmitted Output Power chapter 6 2 5 Power gt Result Summary
12. Example TRIG MODE EXT Selects an external trigger source TRIGger SEQuence HOLDoff lt instrument gt lt Offset gt This command defines the trigger offset Parameters lt Offset gt lt numeric value gt RST 0s Default unit s Example TRIG HOLD 5MS Sets the trigger offset to 5 ms TRIGger SEQuence LEVel lt instrument gt EXTernal Level This command defines the level for an external trigger Parameters Level Range 0 5 V to 3 5 V RST 1 4 V Default unit V Remote Commands to Configure General Settings Example TRIG LEV 2V Defines a trigger level of 2 V TRIGger SEQuence LEVel lt instrument gt POWer lt Level gt This command defines the trigger level for an IF power trigger Parameters lt Level gt Default unit DBM Example TRIG LEV POW 10 Defines a trigger level of 10 dBm TRIGger SEQuence PORT lt instrument gt lt Port gt This command selects the trigger port for measurements with devices that have sev eral trigger ports The R amp S FSW for example has several trigger ports Parameters lt Port gt PORT1 PORT2 PORT3 Example TRIG PORT PORT1 Selects trigger port 1 TRIGger SEQuence SLOPe lt Slope gt This command selects the trigger slope Parameters lt Slope gt POSitive Triggers a measurement when the signal rises to the trigger level NEG
13. Remote Commands to Configure the Demodulation Configuring component carriers If you want to configure the second component carrier CC2 make sure to include the CC2 part of the syntax Example CONF UL CC2 BW 10 e Remote Commands for UL Demodulation Gettngs enserre 167 e Remote Commands for UL Signal Charactertsttce neern eerren eee 171 e Remote Commands for UL Advanced Signal Characteristics 178 Remote Commands for UL Demodulation Settings This chapter contains remote commands necessary to define PDSCH demodulation For more information see chapter 5 1 Configuring Uplink Signal Demodulation on page 71 e Configuring BREET EE 167 e Compensating Measurement Erors nennen 170 Configuring the Data Analysis SENSE a KT e ER EE 168 SENSej L TE UL DEMod MODE nono cananea 168 SENSAJELTEFUE DENOd CESTIMAON isidro cete 168 SENSE JFETEUE DEMod EEPSNOd cocina 168 SENSe PETELULDEMed CO C Offsel caseo ina il ba riga 169 SENSe EETERULE DEMed CBSOramblihg 2 redit aid 169 SENSGILTEIUL DEMod AGO 169 Remote Commands to Configure the Demodulation SENSGILTEIULFORMatrSCH coronan coronar caca 169 SBNSeIEETEEUEDEMOS SIS YO eo dieere tet o tee neut aset at Center ree qo RE e e Re eds 170 SENSej L TE UL DEMod MCFilter incerta 170 SENSe LTE UL DEMod ATTSlots State This command includes or excludes the transient slots present after a
14. Return values lt LimitCheck gt The type of limit average or maximum that is queried depends on the last syntax element FAILED Limit check has failed PASSED Limit check has passed NOTEVALUATED Limits have not been evaluated Example CALC LIM SUMM EVM RES Queries the limit check Usage Query only CALCulate lt n gt LIMit lt k gt SUMMary EVM PCHannel MAXimum RESult CALCulate lt n gt LIMit lt k gt SUMMary EVM PCHannel AVERage RESult This command queries the results of the EVM limit check of all physical channel resource elements Remote Commands to Read Trace Data Return values lt LimitCheck gt The type of limit average or maximum that is queried depends on the last syntax element FAILED Limit check has failed PASSED Limit check has passed NOTEVALUATED Limits have not been evaluated Example CALC LIM SUMM EVM PCH RES Queries the limit check Usage Query only CALCulate lt n gt LIMit lt k gt SUMMary EVM PSIGnal MAXimum RESult CALCulate lt n gt LIMit lt k gt SUMMary EVM PSIGnal AVERage RESult This command queries the results of the EVM limit check of all physical signal resource elements Return values lt LimitCheck gt The type of limit average or maximum that is queried depends on the last syntax element FAILED Limit check has failed PASSED Limit check has passed NOTEVALUATED Limits have not bee
15. UL TRACking TIME on page 170 Defining Uplink Signal Characteristics The uplink signal characteristics contain settings to describe the physical attributes and structure of an uplink LTE signal You can find the signal characteristics in the Demod Settings dialog box e Defining the Physical Signal Charachersitce AA 75 e Configuring the Physical Layer Cell Identttv esses 17 e Configuring UDIFAMES cocco a a dd n ad tend 78 Defining the Physical Signal Characteristics The physical signal characteristics contain settings to describe the physical attributes of an uplink LTE signal The physical settings are part of the Uplink Signal Characteristics tab of the Demod ulation Settings dialog box Uplink Demodulation Settings Uplink Signal Characteristics Uplink Advanced Signal Characteristics Physical Settings Channel Bandwidth 3 MHz 15 RB y Sampling Rate 3 84 MHz Occupied BW 2 715 MHz Cyclic Prefix Auto v FFT Size 256 Occupied Carriers 181 TDD UL DL Allocations Conf 0 v TDD Allocations DL SU UL UL DL S UL UL UL Conf of Special Subframe Conf 0 y Channel Bandwidth Number of Resource Blocks Specifies the channel bandwidth and number of resource blocks RB The channel bandwidth and number of resource blocks RB are interdependent Cur rently the LTE standard recommends six bandwidths see table below The software also calculates the FFT size sampling rate occupied bandwidth
16. e Allocation ID Shows the type ID of the allocation e Number of RB Shows the number of resource blocks assigned to the current PDSCH allocation e Offset RB Shows the resource block offset of the allocation e Modulation Shows the modulation type e Power Shows the power of the allocation in dBm e EVM Shows the EVM of the allocation The unit depends on your selection Remote command Selecting the result display CALCulate lt n gt FEED STAT ASUM Querying results TRACe DATA Bit Stream Starts the Bit Stream result display This result display shows the demodulated data stream for each data allocation Depending on the Bit Stream Format the numbers represent either bits bit order or symbols symbol order Selecting symbol format shows the bit stream as symbols In that case the bits belong ing to one symbol are shown as hexadecimal numbers with two digits In the case of bit format each number represents one raw bit Symbols or bits that are not transmitted are represented by a If a symbol could not be decoded because the number of layers exceeds the number of receive antennas the application shows a sign User Manual 1308 9135 42 15 49 R amp S FS K101 103 105PC Measurements and Result Displays Bit Stream Sub Allocation Code Modulation Symbol Bit Stream frame word Index D 171 D TE 2 03 00 oO 01 02 02 01 02 0 oo 1 1 6 O 11 OO 03 01 03 03 Di 1 1 03 00 03 2 00 01 00 O 1 1 02 3 00 00
17. Analysis The contents of this chapter are structered like the DSP The LTE Uplink Analysis Measurement Application The block diagram in figure 8 1 shows the general structure of the LTE uplink mea surement application from the capture buffer containing the UO data up to the actual analysis block After synchronization a fully compensated signal is produced in the reference path purple which is subsequently passed to the equalizer An IDFT of the equalized sym bols yields observations for the QAM transmit symbols a from which the data esti mates are obtained via hard decision Likewise a user defined compensation as well as equalization is carried out in the measurement path cyan and after an IDFT the observations of the QAM transmit symbols are provided Accordingly the measure ment path might still contain impairments which are compensated in the reference path The symbols of both signal processing paths form the basis for the analysis 8 3 1 The LTE Uplink Analysis Measurement Application Prefeoarse kJ oarse channel estimation Fine timing Integer CFO estimation Bis ne Coarse CFO H gei Nea Lu Detection oarse timing o c Err FO estimation hoarse Full Hu bcarrier a K Tracking omes estimation fosse SFO CFO CPE H demapping Channe feti data symbols 1 estimation amp interpolation R H a J CPE fine Fine channel estimatio
18. RST ON Example IQ LPAS ON Activate the input lowpass SENSe IQ DITHer STATe State This command adds or removes a noise signal into the signal path dithering Parameters State ON OFF RST OFF Example IQ DITH ON Activate input dithering Using Advanced Input Settings ISENGel POWer ALUTTO nestrumentz TIME 166 SENSe POWer AUTO lt instrument gt TIME lt Time gt This command defines the track time for the auto level process Parameters lt Time gt lt numeric value gt RST 100 ms Default unit s Example POW AUTO TIME 200ms An auto level track time of 200 ms gets set Configuring the Digital UO Input The digital UO input is available with option R amp S FSQ B17 or R amp S FSV B17 INPuten DIOs RANGE AUP PEI sien Bee pet nee Re ena enano ose EES REES 166 lt creed cro m 167 INPut lt n gt DIQ RANGe UPPer lt ScaleLevel gt This command defines the full scale level for a digital UO signal source Parameters ScaleLevel RST 1V Default unit V 9 8 9 8 1 9 8 1 1 Remote Commands to Configure the Demodulation Example INP DIQ RANG 0 7 Sets the full scale level to 0 7 V INPut lt n gt DIQ SRATe lt SampleRate gt This command defines the sampling rate for a digital I Q signal source Parameters lt SampleRate gt RST 10 MHz Default unit Hz Example INP DIQ SRAT 10MHZ Defines a sampling rate of 10 MHz
19. RessourceBlocks 50 CP auto PhysLayCellIDGrp Group 0 PhysLayID ID 0 N_RNTI 0 N_f 0 NOfSubbands 4 N_RB_HO 4 NOfRB_PUCCH 4 DeltaShift 2 N1_cs 6 N2_RB 1 NPUCCH 0 DeltaOffset 0 PUCCHStructureFormat F1 normal N c fastforward 1600 HoppingBitInformation 0 FrequencyHopping None DemRefSeg 3GPP DemPilBoostdBPUSCH 0 DemPilBoostdBPUCCH 0 GroupHop 0 SequenceHop 0 EnableN PRS 1 Delta_ss 0 N_DMRS1 0 N_DMRS2 0 SoundRefSeg 3GPP SoundRefBoostdB 0 SoundRefPresent 0 SoundRefSym0ffs 13 SoundRefCAZAC u 2 SoundRefCAZAC q 0 SoundRefCAZAC alpha 0 SoundRefCAZAC mode 2 SoundRefB 0 SoundRefC 0 SRSSubframeConfiguration 0 SoundRefN_CS 0 SoundRefK TC 0 SoundRefN RRC 0 SoundRefb hop 0 SoundRefI_SRS 0 SoundRefk0 24 SoundRefNumSubcarrier 132 gt lt Frame gt lt Subframe gt lt PRBs gt lt PRB Start 2 Length 10 Modulation QPSK PUCCHOn 0 BoostingdB 0 gt lt PRB gt lt PRBs gt lt Subframe gt lt Frame gt lt stControl PhaseTracking 1 TimingTracking 0 CompensateDCOffset 1 UseBitStreamScrambling 1 ChannelEstimationRange 2 AutoDemodulation 1 gt lt stControl gt lt FrameDefinition gt 7 3 Customizing Reference Symbols The software supports the use of customized iq sequences for the reference signal The sequence of symbols for the reference signal is a string of UO data Customizing iq sequences For more information on customizing UO symbol seque
20. 0 SRS MaxUpPts D Defining Advanced Signal Characteristics PPR ees EA ee 86 e ET Tu TEE 86 SRS BW Cont C SR aos 86 SRS MaXUDPIS A ds 86 Cont MOS EE 86 SRO BandWidth E ina 87 Transm ue K TO dd prieta 87 SRS RON OWEN ni o A AAA Re 87 E ER e 87 Freq Domain Pos MARC ona iii 88 e Keel ugi Mie 88 AN SRO SIMUEANCI0S TA TER 88 Present Includes or excludes the sounding reference signal SRS from the test setup Remote command CONFigure LTE UL SRS STAT on page 183 SRS Subframe Conf Defines the subframe configuration of the SRS The subframe configuration of the SRS is specific to a cell The UE sends a shortened PUCCH PUSCH in these subframes regardless of whether the UE is configured to send an SRS in the corresponding subframe or not Remote command CONFigure LTE UL SRS SUConfig on page 183 SRS BW Conf C_SRS Defines the bandwidth configuration of the SRS The bandwidth configuration is a cell specific parameter that in combination with the SRS bandwidth and the channel bandwidth defines the length of the souunding refer ence signal sequence For more information on the calculation refer to 3GPP TS 36 211 chapter 5 5 3 Sounding Reference Signal Remote command CONFigure LTE UL SRS CSRS on page 181 SRS MaxUpPts Turns the parameter srs_MaxUpPts on and off srs_MaxUpPts controls the SRS transmission in the UpPTS field in TDD systems If on the SRS is transmitted in a fre
21. 02 00 O1 00 9 6 1 4 Capture Buffer For the Capture Buffer result display the command returns one value for each UO sample in the capture buffer lt absolute power gt The unit is always dBm The following parameters are supported e TRACE1 9 6 1 5 CCDF For the CCDF result display the type of return values depends on the parameter e TRACE1 Returns the probability values y axis lt of values gt lt probability gt The unit is always The first value that is returned is the number of the following values e TRACE2 Returns the corresponding power levels x axis lt of values gt lt relative power gt The unit is always dB The first value that is returned is the number of the following values M User Manual 1308 9135 42 15 133 9 6 1 6 9 6 1 7 9 6 1 8 Remote Commands to Read Trace Data Channel and Spectrum Flatness For the Channel Flatness result display the command returns one value for each trace point lt relative power gt The unit is always dB The following parameters are supported e TRACE1 Returns the average power over all subframes e TRACE2 Returns the minimum power found over all subframes If you are analyzing a partic ular subframe it returns nothing e TRACE3 Returns the maximum power found over all subframes If you are analyzing a par ticular subframe it returns nothing Channel and Spectrum Flatness Difference For the Channel Flatness Dif
22. 2 antennas Example CONF UL MIMO PUCC CONF TX1 The PUCCH is transmitted on one antenna CONFigure LTE UL MIMO PUSCh CONFig lt NofAntennas gt This command selects the number of antennas for the PUSCH in a MIMO setup Parameters lt NofAntennas gt TX1 Use 1 antenna TX2 Use 2 antennas TX4 Use 4 antennas Example CONF UL MIMO PUSC CONF TX1 The PUSCH is transmitted on one antenna CONFigure LTE UL MIMO SRS CONFig lt NofAntennas gt This command selects the number of antennas for the sounding reference signal in a MIMO setup Parameters lt NofAntennas gt TX1 Use 1 antenna TX2 Use 2 antennas TX4 Use 4 antennas 9 7 3 Remote Commands to Configure General Settings Example CONF UL MIMO SRS CONF TX1 The sounding reference signal is transmitted on one antenna Using a Trigger TRIGgE SEQuehce MODE ita Ia 160 TRIGger SEQuence HOL Doff lt instrument gt conocio nono rennen 160 TRIGger SEQuenceJ LEVel instrument EXTernal csse 160 TRIGger SEQuence LEVel instrument POWer esses 161 TRIGger SEQuence PORT instrument eese nennen nennen 161 TRIGG RE e 161 TRIGger SEQuence MODE lt Source gt This command selects the trigger source Parameters lt Source gt EXTernal Selects external trigger source IMMediate Selects free run trigger source POWer Selects IF power trigger source RST IMMediate
23. 7 Contents INTOdUC gp ci 7 Requirements for UMTS Long Term Evolution eee 7 Long Term Evolution Uplink Transmission Scheme eene 9 SOE DMA aa ad 9 SC FDMA Parametertzaton non n cnn nn anno nennen errem 10 Uplink Data Transmission nro nnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnn 10 Uplink Reference Signal Gtruchure nn corn ncnnnn nn nan nn narra nnnnnnnns 11 Uplink Physical Layer Procedures enne eene nnns 11 Referentes 13 i p01 1 LM T 14 Licensing the Software cerent rtu einen 14 Installing the Software rrr nta 17 Connecting the Computer to an Analyzer esee 17 Instrument ConfigutratiOn ertet rie et A 17 Figuring Out IP Addresses ternera ramen pa ns RR E dark ER 20 Application OVerVigw eere rrr etre palanca EEGENEN 23 Configuring the Software esseseeeeeseseseeee crecer 25 Contiguring the Display eerie tees Sto endo rc io cene ta nti abre dece NER 26 Configuring tlie SOTIWAre iiie iniecta dcr E ren eu aa 27 Measurements and Result Displays eene 29 Numerical Results iiie nnns a sik k aan R Ra ccesested PPAR RASSE RR RARE RR ieee 30 Measuring the Power Over Time eese nnne nnn nnnm 33 Measuring the Error Vector Magnitude EVM
24. CONF UL PUCC N2RB 2 Sets N2 RB to 2 CONFigure LTE UL PUCCh FORMat Format This command selects the PUCCH format Note that formats 2a and 2b are available for normal cyclic prefix length only Parameters Format F1 F1 F1A F1a F1B F1b F2 F2 F2A F2a F2B F2b F3 F3 SUBF Allows you to define the PUCCH format for each subframe sepa rately with RST F1 Example CONF UL PUCC FORM F1B Sets the PUCCH format to F1B CONFigure LTE UL PUCCh NPAR Format This command defines the N PUCCH parameter in the PUCCH structure settings Parameters Format numeric value numeric value AUTO Determines the N PUCCH based on the measurement SUBF Selects the definition of N PUCCH on subframe level RST 0 Example CONF UL PUCC NPAR 2 Sets N PUCCH to 2 Remote Commands to Configure the Demodulation 9 8 3 5 Defining the PRACH Structure GCONFigureE TE UL e EEN 187 CONFiguire E TERUL PRACHICONF csi pia 187 RE Le DER NET ce E EE 187 CONFigure ETE FULiPRACHFOFESOL 000 EES 187 CONFiqurel TE UL PRACONESO edita ete ra 188 CONFigure LTE UL PRACHh RSE O oiir npea aipania eenid apaan adada paaa 188 Sie Leite DE LTELUL PRACRSINDER EE 188 GONFigure E TEEFUIPRAGPIERINGeNX tite ra 188 CONFigure L TE UL PRACh HFINdicator eese eene nnne nnne 188 CONFigure LTE UL PRACh APM State This command turns automatic preamble
25. EVM PCHannel MINIMUM 20 0 0 2s200sceeeeseeeeesenteenaecenteenecacanaceeesnenees 125 FE TCh SUMMarv EVM PCHannell AVEhRaoel ene eene 125 FETCh SUMMaty EVMIPSIORALE MAXIMUM ci de dee eene cra eet 125 FETCh SUMMary EVM PSIGnalMINimutri unu cot rnit dana cda cn 125 FE TCh SUMMarv EVM P lGnall AVERagel nere 125 FETCh SUMMary EVM SDOP EAVERaAagelt conil a da 125 FETCh SUMMary EVWESDSF AVER2gE ccoo 125 FETCGH SUMMary EVMESDST LAVERagEl oo iia 126 FETCh SUMMary EVM UCCD AVERage nono narnia 126 FETCH SUMMarnEVMUCCA AVERQDO EE 126 e He Eiere ET EE 127 FE TCh SUMMarv EVM USOPIAVERagel eene nnn nnns ne 127 FEICh SUMMary EVMIUSSFLAVERaAge 22 rdi ee ttr pae eager ttr t 127 FETCh SUMMary EVM USST AVERage 2 2 ettet oer iii 127 FETCh SUMMary FERRor MAXI BIN ete eei eaten ou ese eere a dias 128 FETCh SUMMary FERRor MINimum essesssssssssess eene iiaae nnne hne nennen 128 FETCh SUMMary FERRor AVERage toon te ravi ia 128 FE TCh SUMMarv GlM alance MAXIMUM esee nennen eene nennen tr nan 128 FE TCh SUMMarv GlM alance MiNimum enne enne nnne nnne nnns 128 Remote Commands to Read Numeric Results FE TCh SUMMarv GlM alancel AVERagel eene nnne nnn nnns 128 FETCH SUMMapydOOFISeEMAXIRURIQ ti ee 128 FETCh SUMMaryIQOFfset MINIMUM Z cocoa aan 128 FETCH SUMMarysIOOFISeIPAVERAGE cion 128 FETCH SUMManPOWerMAX Mini ati a A A 129 FETCh SUMMary POWer MINIMUM ec
26. FETCh SUMMary SERRor AVERage on page 129 Shows the power at spectral line 0 normalized to the total transmitted power FETCh SUMMary IQOFfset AVERage on page 128 R amp S FS K101 103 105PC Measurements and Result Displays Eh 3 2 Capture Buffer UO Gain Imbalance Shows the logarithm of the gain ratio of the Q channel to the I channel FETCh SUMMary GIMBalance AVERage on page 128 UO Quadrature Error Shows the measure of the phase angle between Q channel and I channel deviating from the ideal 90 degrees FETCh SUMMary QUADerror AVERage on page 129 Power Shows the average time domain power of the allocated resource blocks of the analyzed signal FETCh SUMMary POWer AVERage on page 129 Crest Factor Shows the peak to average power ratio of captured signal FETCh SUMMary CRESt AVERage on page 124 Measuring the Power Over Time This chapter contains information on all measurements that show the power of a signal over time ecUgm T S 33 el E CAME titi 34 Time Aligiment EMO e aa 34 Capture Buffer The Capture Buffer result display shows the complete range of captured data for the last data capture The x axis represents time The maximum value of the x axis is equal to the Capture Time The y axis represents the amplitude of the captured UO data in dBm for RF input Subframe Start Offset Os 10 Time ms The green bar at the bottom of the diagram r
27. GENSeIUTEIERAMe GOUNG AUTO 154 SENSe SWEep TIME lt CaptLength gt This command sets the capture time Parameters lt CaptLength gt Numeric value in seconds Default unit s Example SWE TIME 40ms Defines a capture time of 40 milliseconds SENSe LTE FRAMe COUNt STATe State This command turns manual selection of the number of frames you want to analyze on and off 9 7 1 5 Remote Commands to Configure General Settings Parameters lt State gt ON You can set the number of frames to analyze OFF The analyzer analyzes a single sweep RST ON Example FRAM COUN STAT ON Turns manual setting of number of frames to analyze on SENSe LTE FRAMe COUNt lt Subframes gt This command sets the number of frames you want to analyze Parameters lt Subframes gt lt numeric value gt RST 1 Example FRAM COUN STAT ON FRAM COUN AUTO OFF Activates manual input of frames to be analyzed FRAM COUN 20 Analyzes 20 frames SENSe LTE FRAMe COUNt AUTO State This command turns automatic selection of the number of frames to analyze on and off Parameters State ON Selects the number of frames to analyze according to the LTE standard OFF Turns manual selection of the frame number on Example FRAM COUN AUTO ON Turns automatic selection of the analyzed frames on Configuring Measurement Results UNIT EVM
28. I e the channel transfer function H e the number of Nyquist samples Ns within the total duration Ts e the duration of the useful part of the SC FDMA symbol T Ts T e the independent and Gaussian distributed noise sample N Within one SC FDMA symbol both the CPE and the residual CFO cause the same phase rotation for each subcarrier while the rotation due to the SFO depends linearly on the subcarrier index A linear phase increase in symbol direction can be observed for the residual CFO as well as for the SFO The results of the tracking estimation block are used to compensate the samples H completely in the reference path and according to the user settings in the measure ment path Thus the signal impairments that are of interest to the user are left uncom pensated in the measurement path After having decoded the data symbols in the reference path an additional data aided phase tracking can be utilized to refine the common phase error estimation 8 3 2 Analysis The analysis block of the EUTRA LTE uplink measurement application allows to com pute a variety of measurement variables EVM The most important variable is the error vector magnitude which is defined as Pri 0n 2 Ellas EVM 8 2 for QAM symbol n before precoding and SC FDMA symbol I Since the normalized average power of all possible constellations is 1 the equation can be simplified to EVM nic nl 8 3 The averag
29. OFF RST ON Example UL DEM CBSC OFF Deactivates the scrambling SENSe LTE UL DEMod ACON lt Type gt This command selects the method of automatic demodulation for uplink signals Parameters lt Type gt ALL Automatically detects and demodulates the PUSCH and SRS OFF Automatic demodulation is off SCON Automatically detects and demodulates the values available in the subframe configuration table Example UL DEM ACON OFF Turns automatic demodulation off SENSe LTE UL FORMat SCD lt State gt This command turns detection of the subframe configuration on and off The command is available if Auto Demodulation is turned off Parameters lt State gt ON OFF RST OFF 9 8 1 2 Remote Commands to Configure the Demodulation Example UL FORM SCD ON Turns detection of the subframe configuration on SENSe LTE UL DEMod SISYnc lt State gt This command turns suppressed interference synchronization on and off Parameters lt State gt ON OFF RST OFF Example UL DEM SISY ON Turns suppressed interference synchronization on SENSe LTE UL DEMod MCFilter lt State gt This command turns suppression of interfering neighboring carriers on and off e g LTE WCDMA GSM etc Parameters lt State gt ON OFF RST OFF Example UL DEM MCF ON Turns suppression on of neighboring carriers on Compensating Measurement Errors SENSe PLETE
30. Pent cox Spear ii 125 FETCh SUMMary EVM SDST AVERage ensi erre rrr ere eire e cree nena 126 FETCRh SUMMary EVM UGGDY AVERB08 nitent tr trn aaa 126 FETGCh SUMMary EVM IUGCH AVERAage6 aca riti tI net optat re ee ore tint tas X HER dick DENS a 126 FETCh SUMMary EVM UPRA AVERage ttr ern nr tener rrt rrt rere ria epa 127 FETCRh SUMMary EVM USQPE AVERage trn treni ret nnne rh nte rte 127 FEICh SUMMary EVM USSF AVERage titt tret berti er Pent cxt ee beue neo reuse Ede ec EXER 127 FETCh SUMMary EVM USSTEAVERAGE onion a 127 FETCHh SUMMary EVM EALEEMAXMUN acoso e ettet nire t nen ah n eb RR ren 124 FETCh SUMMary EVM ALL MINimum 124 FETCh SUMMary EVMEALLE AVERage eorr t rtt rrt nt hne rne eene 124 FETCRh SUMMarty FERRorEMAXimUilrn ncsrtte rettet a RE Fk ren e deed a 128 FETCR SUMMary FERROEMINImU urnas ect isa 128 FETCh SUMMary FERRor AVERage t ener eer erp crie re eel rrr a i enr rina 128 FETCRh SUMMary GIMBalance MAXImUuln notorie pr a e erre rent ha eter Er ean dE 128 FETICh SUMMary GIMBalance MINIFQU in ei repeto Fer ci contu cen tone EENS E 128 FETCh SUMMary GIMBalance AVERage FETCRh SUMMaty IQOFfset MAXIIUITI cien tht rper err tart er Ebenen e tp vr ena dan 128 FETGh SUMMary IOQOFfSet MINIMU ioeina tte itte otis a 128 FETCh SUMMary IQOFfset AVERage rrr rrr e 128 FETCRh SUMMaty POWerMAXImum tnit repe aaa 129 FEICh SUMMary P
31. RESUIt essent 149 CAL Culate lt n gt LIMit lt k gt SUMMary QUADerror AVERage RESult B CALCulate n LIMit k SUMMary SERRor MAXimum RESUlIt esses 149 CALCulate n LIMit k SUMMary SERRor AVERage RESUIt esee 149 CALCulate n MARKer m FUNCtion POWer RESult CURRent sese 141 GONFigure AGONfFigsinstr ment ADDRSSS 2 ctore trn aida 157 CONFigure ACONfig sinstrument ICS6equehdce ccce tnr a 158 CONFigure ACONfig instrument NCHannels 4 eee eeee eee een ettet nnne tnnt a tatnen shot 158 CONFigure NOCC GONFigure POWer EXPected IO instrumbernte ucionc retro ern ai 152 GONFig ure POWer EXPected RF sinstr tmente ciini reati tiit it ais e ede 152 UE ee UI EE gi ee UC RRE UE GE lr e E CONFigure FEMME LU EI dE CONFigurelLTEFUECAB E CONFigure LTE UL CSUBframes GONFigurer E TEPULMIMO ASEL6CHOH uie tono ep Eeer trot ore D oed oce EEA 158 GONFigureELTEEUL MIMO PUGCGh GONF IQ c ront t ri tar rtp et rore nr tuto ci tete 159 GONFigureELTEEUL MIMO PUSGCh GONE ig tren rn peer tr cen 159 GONFig rerETEEFULEEMIMO SRS CONE Ig rti ita rna eite tk e iii 159 CONFigureLTEFUEPRACKAP Mi oir ada Eg tt Haee re eres RE e DEED e EM HAYE aed 187 CONFigureEETEEULEPRAGEIGQOONEF tractor Etre nnnc etiarn gv pet ert i rd tee 187 CONRkFigure ETEJUL PRACHFOFESOL iir ete E Rei een ideis ba Deidda 187 CONFigur
32. Remote command CONFigure LTE UL CC lt cci gt SUBFrame lt subframe gt ALLoc CLUSter lt cluster gt RBOFfset on page 175 Defining Uplink Signal Characteristics 5 2 3 2 Enhanced Settings The Enhanced Settings contain functionality to define enhanced characteristics for selected channels Enhanced PUSCH Configuration sess 81 Enhanced Demodulation Reference Signal Copfiouratton 81 Enhanced PUCCH COnflguatlOh 21er too id ii 82 Enhanced PUSCH Configuration Configures the PUSCH in individual subframes PUSCH Resource Allocation Type 1 D M Codeword to Layer Mapping Layers Codewords Wal el eae c 226 32C Spatial Multiplexing Settings Codebook Index uio qe 2 Je fie au fie j je e we ue i Ela Ela ue IB so 45 1895119519 72019 191 62 522 019152315 Note that you have to select more than one antenna for the PUSCH transmission to access these parameters For more information see MIMO Configuration on page 62 Resource Allocation Type 1 Turns a clustered PUSCH allocation an and off If on a second row is added to the corresponding allocation This second row represents the second cluster You can define the number of resource block and the offset resource block for each cluster All other parameters power modulation etc are the same for both clusters Precoding Settings If you are using a clustered PUSCH you can also define the numb
33. Signal sse 180 e Defining the PUSCH IEN ur Ere rrr pre righe EEGEN 183 e Defining the PUCCH Structure EEN 185 e Denning the PRACH SUUCIUNO ovario dE ced ce ette ct 187 e Defining Global Signal Characteristics senec tic 189 Configuring the Demodulation Reference Signal GONFigure E TEEUL CGecol DRS AO Coon ae 178 GONFigurerETEFULEGCSOGPTDRSDSSHUIL iioii tette rhet ban 179 CONFigure L TE UL CC cci DRS GRPHopping eese 179 CONFElqurel L TENUL CC lt cc gt DRS dei cositas io te eoe rettet 179 CONFigure LTE UL CC lt cci gt DRS PUCCh POWEr coronan coronarias 179 CONFigure L TE UL CC cci DRS PUSCh POWer essen 180 CONFigure LE TEEFUL CCO osP T DRSISEQUEFIGG acoso raa etc tt teatro aa 180 CONFigure L TEEUL GC ccI EDRS SEQHoppihg eire oco sssini 180 CONFigure LTE UL CC lt cci gt DRS AOCC State This command turns the configuration of the demodulation reference signal on a sub frame basis via the Cyclic Field Shift on and off Remote Commands to Configure the Demodulation Parameters lt State gt ON OFF Example CONF UL DRS AOCC ON Turns Activate DMRS with OCC on CONFigure LTE UL CC lt cci gt DRS DSSHift Shift This command selects the delta sequence shift of the uplink signal Parameters lt Shift gt lt numeric value gt RST 0 Example CONF UL DRS D
34. ZOOM STATe ON enables the zoom in window 4 Vertical Stroke A vertical stroke indicates alternatives for a specific keyword You can use both key words to the same effect Example SENSe BANDwidth BWIDth RESolution In the short form without optional keywords BAND 1MHZ would have the same effect as BWID 1MHZ Introduction 9 2 5 SCPI Parameters 9 2 5 1 Many commands feature one or more parameters If a command supports more than one parameter these are separated by a comma Example LAYout ADD WINDow Spectrum LEFT MTABle Parameters may have different forms of values e Numero Vall s coat anales 119 e BOSA ii 120 MEI EE 120 ee CN 120 a EE 120 Numeric Values Numeric values can be entered in any form e with sign decimal point or exponent In case of physical quantities you can also add the unit If the unit is missing the com mand uses the basic unit Example with unit SENSe FREQuency CENTer 1GHZ without unit SENSe FREQuency CENTer 1E9 would also set a frequency of 1 GHz Values exceeding the resolution of the instrument are rounded up or down If the number you have entered is not supported e g in case of discrete steps the command returns an error Querying numeric values When you query numeric values the system returns a number In case of physical quantities it applies the basic unit e g Hz in case of frequencie
35. a transmission on more than one antenna for one of the channels the corresponding number of antennas becomes available for testing Antenna 1 Tests antenna 1 only Antenna 2 Tests antenna 2 only Antenna 3 Tests antenna 3 only Antenna 4 Tests antenna 4 only All Tests all antennas in the test setup in consecutive order 1 2 3 4 A corresponding number of analyzers is required Remote command CONFigure LTE UL MIMO SRS CONFig on page 159 CONFigure LTE UL MIMO PUCCh CONFig on page 159 CONFigure LTE UL MIMO PUSCh CONFig on page 159 CONFigure LTE UL MIMO ASELection on page 158 MIMO Analyzer Configuration For a comprehensive description see chapter 2 3 Connecting the Computer to an Analyzer on page 17 Triggering Measurements 4 3 Triggering Measurements The trigger settings contain settings that control triggered measurements You can select a trigger for any of the four possible analyzers in the measurement setup separately by selecting one of the analyzers from the dropdown menu next to the Trigger Settings label The trigger settings are part of the General Settings tab of the General Settings dia log box General Analyzer Config MIMO Setup Trigger Spectrum Advanced Trigger Settings Input Channel 1 y Trigger Mode extemal y Trigger Offset es Trigger Slope Rising y Ext Trigger Level IER Trigger Port Pi y Configuring the Trigger A trigger al
36. and for speed optimization the automatic level adjustment can be disabled in the General tab of the General Settings dialog box 8 5 Performing Time Alignment Measurements Performing Time Alignment Measurements The measurement software allows you to perform Time Alignment measurements between different antennas You can perform this measurement in 2 Tx antenna MIMO setups The result of the measurement is the Time Alignment Error The Time Alignment Error is the time offset between a reference antenna for example antenna 1 and another antenna The Time Alignment Error results are summarized in the corresponding result display A schematic description of the results is provided in figure 8 7 Tx Antenna 1 Reference Time Tx Antenna 2 LTE Frame Start Indicator i Time Alignment Error 42 7 Time Fig 8 7 Time Alignment Error 2 Tx antennas Test setup Successful Time Alignment measurements require a correct test setup A typical test setup is shown in figure 8 8 Fig 8 8 Hardware setup For best measurement result accuracy it is recommended to use cables of the same length and identical combiners as adders In the software make sure to correctly apply the following settings e select a reference antenna in the MIMO Configuration dialog box not All e select more than one antenna in the MIMO Configuration dialog box e select Codeword to Layer mapping 2 1 or 2 2 e Select an Au
37. and occupied carriers from the channel bandwidth Those are read only Defining Uplink Signal Characteristics Number of Resource Blocks pe we a Sample Rate MHZ 1598 sore 3072 FFT Size 1024 2048 2048 The software shows the currently selected LTE mode including the bandwidth in the header table EET Remote command CONFigure LTE UL CC cci BW on page 171 Cyclic Prefix The cyclic prefix serves as a guard interval between OFDM symbols to avoid interfer ences The standard specifies two cyclic prefix modes with a different length each The cyclic prefix mode defines the number of OFDM symbols in a slot e Normal A slot contains 7 OFDM symbols e Extended A slot contains 6 OFDM symbols The extended cyclic prefix is able to cover larger cell sizes with higher delay spread of the radio channel e Auto The application automatically detects the cyclic prefix mode in use The software shows the currently selected cyclic prefix in the header table BE Remote command CONFigure LTE UL CC lt cci gt CYCPrefix on page 171 Configuring TDD Frames TDD frames contain both uplink and downlink information separated in time with every subframe being responsible for either uplink or downlink transmission The standard specifies several subframe configurations or resource allocations for TDD systems TDD UL DL Allocations Selects the configuration of the subframes in a radio frame in TDD systems Th
38. as a 3GPP Release 5 fea ture HSUPA is an important feature of 3GPP Release 6 The combination of HSDPA and HSUPA is often referred to as HSPA However even with the introduction of HSPA the evolution of UMTS has not reached its end HSPA will bring significant enhancements in 3GPP Release 7 The objective is to enhance the performance of HSPA based radio networks in terms of spectrum efficiency peak data rate and latency and to exploit the full potential of WCDMAbased 5 MHz operation Important features of HSPA are downlink multiple input multiple out put MIMO higher order modulation for uplink and downlink improvements of layer 2 protocols and continuous packet connectivity In order to ensure the competitiveness of UMTS for the next 10 years and beyond concepts for UMTS long term evolution LTE have been investigated The objective is a high data rate low latency and packet optimized radio access technology There fore a study item was launched in 3GPP Release 7 on evolved UMTS terrestrial radio access EUTRA and evolved UMTS terrestrial radio access network EUTRAN LTE EUTRA will then form part of 3GPP Release 8 core specifications This introduction focuses on LTE EUTRA technology In the following the terms LTE or EUTRA are used interchangeably In the context of the LTE study item 3GPP work first focused on the definition of requirements e g targets for data rate capacity spectrum efficiency and latency Also co
39. codeword gt lt modulation gt lt of symbols bits gt lt hexadecimal binary numbers gt All values have no unit The format of the bitstream depends on Bit Stream Format The allocation ID gt lt codeword gt and modulation are encoded For the code assignment see chapter 9 6 1 20 Return Value Codes on page 139 For symbols or bits that are not transmitted the command returns e FFF if the bit stream format is Symbols User Manual 1308 9135 42 15 132 R amp S FS K101 103 105PC Remote Commands gt S gt gt lt _ _ _ z e 9 if the bit stream format is Bits For symbols or bits that could not be decoded because the number of layer exceeds the number of receive antennas the command returns e FFE if the bit stream format is Symbols e 8 if the bit stream format is Bits Note that the data format of the return values is always ASCII Example Bit Stream Sub Allocation Code Modulation Symbol ID word Index Bit Stream 1 1 0 3 2 03 00 00 00 01 02 1 1 6 01 00 O3 01 1 1 32 3 03 00 OO O3 O1 O2 OO O1 OO 02 TRAC DATA TRACE1 would return 0 40 0 2 0 03 01 02 03 03 00 00 00 O1 02 02 lt continues like this until the next data block starts or the end of data is reached 0 40 0 2 32 03 03 00 00 03 O1
40. command queries the time alignment error Return values lt Time Alignment Minimum maximum or average time alignment error depending Error gt on the last command syntax element Default unit s Example FETC TAER ANT2 Returns the average time alignment error between the reference antenna and antenna 2 ins Usage Query only 9 6 Remote Commands to Read Trace Data e Using the TRACe DATA Command esses 130 Reading Out Limit Check EI 140 9 6 1 Using the TRACe DATA Command This chapter contains information on the TRACe DATA command and a detailed description of the characteristics of that command The TRACe DATA command queries the trace data or results of the currently active measurement or result display The type number and structure of the return values are specific for each result display In case of results that have any kind of unit the com mand returns the results in the unit you have currently set for that result display Remote Commands to Read Trace Data Note also that return values for results that are available for both downlink and uplink may be different For several result displays the command also supports various SCPI parameters in combination with the query If available each SCPI parameter returns a different aspect of the results If SCPI parameters are supported you have to quote one in the query Example TRAC2 DATA TRACE1 The format of the return v
41. dB depending on your selection Example FETC SUMM EVM Returns the mean value Usage Query only Remote Commands to Read Numeric Results FETCh SUMMary EVM PCHannel MAXimum FETCh SUMMary EVM PCHannel MINimum FETCh SUMMary EVM PCHannel AVERage This command queries the EVM of all physical channel resource elements Return values lt EVM gt lt numeric value gt Minimum maximum or average EVM depending on the last command syntax element The unit is or dB depending on your selection Example FETC SUMM EVM PCH Returns the mean value Usage Query only FETCh SUMMary EVM PSIGnal MAXimum FETCh SUMMary EVM PSIGnal MINimum FETCh SUMMary EVM PSIGnal AVERage This command queries the EVM of all physical signal resource elements Return values lt EVM gt lt numeric value gt Minimum maximum or average EVM depending on the last command syntax element The unit is or dB depending on your selection Example FETC SUMM EVM PSIG Returns the mean value Usage Query only FETCh SUMMary EVM SDQP AVERage This command queries the EVM of all DMRS resource elements with QPSK modula tion of the PUSCH Return values lt EVM gt lt numeric value gt EVM in or dB depending on the unit you have set Example FETC SUMM EVM SDQP Returns the EVM of all DMRS resource elements with QPSK modulation Usage Query only FETCh SUMMary EVM SDSF AVERage This c
42. has been found over the analyzed slots e Maximum EVM This trace shows the highest average subcarrier EVM that has been found over the analyzed slots R amp S FS K101 103 105PC Measurements and Result Displays If you select and analyze one slot only the result display contains one trace that shows the subcarrier EVM for that slot only Average minimum and maximum values in that case are the same For more information see Subframe Selection on page 59 The x axis represents the center frequencies of the subcarriers On the y axis the EVM is plotted either in or in dB depending on the EVM Unit EVM ys Carrier Maximum 9 116 Minimum 7 40 Ji T K dw 1 D 1 Frequency MHz Remote command Selecting the result display CALCulate lt n gt FEED EVM EVCA Querying results TRACe DATA EVM vs Symbol Starts the EVM vs Symbol result display This result display shows the Error Vector Magnitude EVM of the OFDM symbols You can use it as a debugging technique to identify any symbols whose EVM is too high The results are based on an average EVM that is calculated over all subcarriers that are part of a particular OFDM symbol This average OFDM symbol EVM is determined for all OFDM symbols in each analyzed slot If you analyze all subframes the result display contains three traces e Average EVM This trace shows the OFDM symbol EVM averaged over all slots e Minimum EVM This trace shows the lowest average OFDM
43. iiie rrr eret haee erre verre reinen GONFigureELTEFUL CCseci DRS GRP Hoppitig rtt rote trn het nns CONFigure ETEEULT CC occi DRS NDMRS seine hn at iia GONFigureELTEEULECGC Gci DRS PUGCRH POWEGTE cna oit rto er rt nena enne ia GONFigureEL TEFUL CCseci DRS SEQhblopping ntt rrr t rre GONFigure ETELUL E CC coz DRS SEQUENCE sisisi inn aaa roter ebur it a este tack CONFigure LTE UL CC lt cci gt DRS PUSCh POWer CONFigur LTEFUL CE lt CCA PLC CID EE GONFigure E TELUL CC cetz PEOCIDGEFOUD E GoNFigureEETEEFULEGGsGcI PEC PLD seca teer an oe rece per rn ere eter coe CONFigureEETEFUL CGseci PUSCh FHMOGG ucsictte trt rp etr vereri e rre epo v te endo CONFigure E TEFUL CC cci PUSCh FHOPF fset eec itin ntt yeah rh etn obe rk eR eroe GoNFigureELTEEFUL EGGsGcci PUSCh FHOB IEBB icrie erronee ttr trece eno eer CONFigure LTE UL CC lt cci gt PUSCh NOSM CONFigure L TE UL CC cci SUBFrame ssubframe ALLOC CONT esee CONFigure LTE UL CC cci SUBFrame ssubframe ALLoc MODoUulation sess CONFigure LTET UL CC cci SUBFrame ssubframe ALLoc PRECoding CBINdex sss CONFigure LTE UL CC cci SUBFrame ssubframe ALLoc PRECoding CL Mapping CONFigure LTET UL CC cci SUBFrame ssubframe AL LocbUCChFORMat CONFigure LTE UL CC lt cci gt SUBFrame lt su
44. lt Unit linear 1 0 dB 0 1 20 dB gt lt PhysicalSignal gt lt Unit linear 1 0 dB 0 1 20 dB gt lt A11 gt lt Unit linear 1 0 dB 0 1 20 dB gt lt DemodulationReference gt lt Unit linear 1 0 dB 0 1 20 dB gt lt SoundingReference gt lt Unit linear 1 0 dB 0 1 20 dB gt lt EVM gt lt FrequencyError gt lt Unit Hz gt lt SamplingClockError gt lt Unit ppm gt IQOffset Unit linear 1 0 dB 0 1 20 dB gt lt IQGainImbalance gt lt Unit linear 1 0 dB 0 1 20 dB gt lt IQQuadraturError gt lt Unit lt PowerTotalPhysChan gt lt Unit W gt lt PowerTotalDemodRef gt lt Unit W gt lt PowerTotalSoundingRef gt lt Unit W gt lt PowerTotal gt lt Unit W gt lt CrestFactor gt lt Unit linear 1 0 dB 10 10 dB gt lt UL gt lt Limits gt Symbols and Variables 8 Measurement Basics This chapter provides background information on the measurements and result dis plays available with the LTE Analysis Software e Symbols and Varlables ooomocionnnnnicin ici dd 102 A 103 e The LTE Uplink Analysis Measurement Applicatton 103 e MIMO Measurement Guide 107 e Performing Time Alignment Measurements essei nentes niin 113 e SRS EVM eler re DEE 114 8 1 Symbols and Variables The following chapters use various symbols and variables i
45. lt allocation ID gt Represents the allocation ID The value is a number in the range 1 70 e 1 Reference symbol e 0 Data symbol e 1 Invalid e 40 PUSCH e 41 DMRS PUSCH e 42 SRS PUSCH e 50 PUCCH e 51 DMRS PUCCH e 70 PRACH lt codeword gt Represents the codeword of an allocation The range is 0 6 e 0 1 1 e 1 1 2 e 2 2 2 e 3 1 4 e 4 2 4 e 5 3 4 e 6 4 4 modulation Represents the modulation scheme The range is 0 14 e 0 unrecognized e 1 RBPSK e 2 QPSK e 3 16QAM e 4 64QAM e 5 8PSK e 6 PSK e 7 mixed modulation e 8 BPSK number of symbols or bits In hexadecimal mode this represents the number of symbols to be transmitted In binary mode it represents the number of bits to be transmitted 9 6 2 9 6 2 1 Remote Commands to Read Trace Data TRACe DATA lt Result gt This command returns the trace data for the current measurement or result display For more information see chapter 9 6 1 Using the TRACe DATA Command on page 130 Query parameters TRACE1 TRACE2 TRACE3 LIST Usage Query only Reading Out Limit Check Results e Checking Limits for Graphical Result Displavs reren nee 140 e Checking Limits for Numerical Result Display 142 Checking Limits for Graphical Result Displays CAL Culate nz LUlMitcks ACBowerACHannelbREGur 140 CAL Culate lt n gt LIMit lt k gt ACPower Al TemateREGult eene 141 CA
46. lt k gt SUMMary EVM UCCD AVERage RESult This command queries the results of the EVM limit check of all PUCCH DMRS resource elements Return values lt LimitCheck gt FAILED Limit check has failed PASSED Limit check has passed NOTEVALUATED Limits have not been evaluated Remote Commands to Read Trace Data Example CALC LIM SUMM EVM UCCD RES Queries the limit check Usage Query only CALCulate lt n gt LIMit lt k gt SUMMary EVM UCCH AVERage RESult This command queries the results of the EVM limit check of all PUCCH resource ele ments Return values lt LimitCheck gt FAILED Limit check has failed PASSED Limit check has passed NOTEVALUATED Limits have not been evaluated Example CALC LIM SUMM EVM UCCH RES Queries the limit check Usage Query only CALCulate lt n gt LIMit lt k gt SUMMary EVM UPRA AVERage RESult This command queries the results of the EVM limit check of all PRACH resource ele ments Return values lt LimitCheck gt FAILED Limit check has failed PASSED Limit check has passed NOTEVALUATED Limits have not been evaluated Example CALC LIM SUMM EVM UPRA RES Queries the limit check Usage Query only CALCulate lt n gt LIMit lt k gt SUMMary EVM USQP AVERage RESult This command queries the results of the EVM limit check of all PUSCH resource ele ments with a QPSK modulation Remote Commands to Read Trace Data Retu
47. mapping for the PRACH on and off Parameters State ON OFF Example CONF UL PRAC APM ON Turns automatic preamble mapping on CONFigure LTE UL PRACh CONF lt Configuration gt This command selects the PRACH preamble format Parameters lt Configuration gt lt numeric value gt Example CONF UL PRAC CONF 2 Selects PRACH configuration 2 CONFigure LTE UL PRACh RSET lt State gt This command turns the restricted preamble set for PRACH on and off Parameters lt State gt ON OFF RST OFF Example CONF UL PRAC RSET ON Turns the restricted set on 3 CONFigure LTE UL PRACh FOFFset Offset This command defines the PRACH frequency offset The command is available for preamble formats 0 to 3 Parameters lt Offset gt Resource block offset Remote Commands to Configure the Demodulation Example CONF UL PRAC FOFF 5 Defines a frequency offset of 5 resource blocks CONFigure LTE UL PRACh NCSC lt Configuration gt This command defines the Ncs configuration for the PRACH Parameters lt Configuration gt lt numeric value gt Example CONF UL PRAC NCSC 1 Selects Ncs configuration 1 CONFigure LTE UL PRACh RSEQ lt RootSegldx gt This command defines the PRACH logical root sequence index Parameters lt RootSeqldx gt lt numeric value gt Example CONF UL PRAC RSEQ 2 Selects logical root
48. minimum group delay found over all subframes If you are analyzing a particular subframe it returns nothing e TRACE3 Returns the maximum group delay found over all subframes If you are analyzing a particular subframe it returns nothing 9 6 1 10 Constellation Diagram For the Constellation Diagram the command returns two values for each constellation point lt I SFO Sym0 Carrier1 gt lt Q SFO Sym0 Carrier1 gt lt I SFO Sym0 Carrier n gt Q SFO SymO Car rier n gt lt I SFO Sym1 Carrier1 gt lt Q SFO Sym1 Carrier1 gt lt I SFO Sym1 Carrier n gt Q SFO Sym1 Car rier n gt I SFO Sym n Carrier1 lt Q SFO Sym n Carrier1 gt lt I SFO Sym n Carrier n gt Q SFO Sym n Carrier n gt I SF1 SymO Carrier1 lt Q SF1 Sym0 Carrier1 gt lt I SF1 Sym0 Carrier n gt Q SF 1 SymO Car rier n gt lt I SF1 Sym1 Carrier1 gt lt Q SF1 Sym1 Carrier1 gt lt I SF1 Sym1 Carrier n gt lt Q SF1 Sym1 Car rier n gt lt I SF n Sym n Carrier1 gt Q SF n Sym n Carrier1 lt I SF n Sym n Carrier n gt lt Q SF n Sym n Carrier n gt With SF subframe and Sym symbol of that subframe The and Q values have no unit The number of return values depends on the constellation selection By default it returns all resource elements including the DC carrier 9 6 1 11 9 6 1 12 9
49. of the subframe and is calculated as follows Pomrs Pue Prusch Pomrs_oftset The relative power of the DMRS is applied to all subframes The power of the PUSCH Ppyscy may be different in each subframe Remote command CONFigure LTE UL CC cci DRS PUSCh POWer on page 180 Activate DMRS With OCC Turns the configuration of the demodulation reference signal on a subframe basis via the Cyclic Shift Field on and off If on the Cyclic Shift Field becomes available Otherwise the demodulation refer ence signal is configured by the n 2 DMRS parameter Note that this parameter is automatically turned on if at least one of the physical chan nels uses more than one antenna For more information see Enhanced Settings and MIMO Configuration Remote command CONFigure LTE UL CC lt cci gt DRS AOCC on page 178 5 3 2 Defining Advanced Signal Characteristics n 1 _DMRS Defines the part of the demodulation reference signal index that is broadcasted It is valid for the whole cell The index applies when multiple shifts within a cell are used It is used for the calcula tion of the DMRS sequence The n_DMRS parameter can be found in 3GPP TS36 211 V8 5 0 5 5 2 1 1 Reference signal sequence Remote command CONFigure LTE UL CC lt cci gt DRS NDMRs on page 179 Delta Sequence Shift Defines the delta sequence shift Agg The standard defines a sequence shift pattern f for the PUCCH The correspon
50. smart card reader you can use it together with the software lt gt When you insert the USB Smartcard reader into the PC the drivers will be loaded If your PC does not already have drivers installed for this reader the hardware will not be detected and the software will not work In this case install the required driver manually On the CD it is in the folder Install USB SmartCard Reader Driver Files named according to the pro Licensing the Software cessor architecture OMNIKEY3x21_x86 or OMNIKEY3x21_x64 Detailed informa tion on the file content and the download location for updated drivers can be found in the ReadMe txt file in the same folder Windows tries to get log in information from the card immediately after you have locked o You may have problems locking a computer while the card is inserted because MS the computer Solve this issue by changing a registry entry Either execute the registry file DisableCAD reg in the same folder the USM Smartcard reader installation files are located Or manually change the entry e Open the Windows Start Menu and select the Run item e Enter regedit in the dialog to open the system reigistry e Navigate to HKEY LOCAL MACHINE SOFTWARE Microsoft Windows CurrentVersion policies Nsystem e Set the value of DisableCAD to 0 Note that security policies may prevent you from editing the value Contact your IT administrator if you have problems w
51. switch from downlink to uplink in the analysis Parameters State ON OFF Example UL DEM ATTS ON Includes the transient slots in the analysis SENSe LTE UL DEMod MODE lt Reference gt This command selects the uplink analysis mode Parameters lt Reference gt PUSCh Analyzes the PUSCH and PUCCH PRACh Analyzes the PRACH RST PUSCh Example UL DEM MODE PRAC Selects PRACH analysis mode SENSe LTE UL DEMod CESTimation lt Type gt This command selects the channel estimation type for uplink signals Parameters lt Type gt PIL PILPAY PIL Pilot only PILP Pilot and payload RST PILP Example UL DEM CEST PIL Uses only the pilot signal for channel estimation SENSe LTE UL DEMod EEPeriod lt State gt This command includes or excludes the exclusion period from EVM results Parameters lt State gt ON OFF Remote Commands to Configure the Demodulation Example UL DEM EEP ON Turns the exclusion periods for EVM calculation on SENSe LTE UL DEMod CDCoffset lt State gt This command turns DC offset compensation for uplink signals on and off Parameters lt State gt ON OFF RST ON Example UL DEM CDC OFF Deactivates DC offset compensation SENSe LTE UL DEMod CBSCrambling lt State gt This command turns scrambling of coded bits for uplink signals on and off Parameters lt State gt ON
52. synchronization The structure is shown in figure 1 3 AC B Vl oe DATA TRA A Ba O Scheduled Data B Non Synchronized Random Access Channel T Rag Er Fig 1 3 Random Access Structure principle Long Term Evolution Uplink Transmission Scheme Multiple random access channels may be defined in the frequency domain within one access period Tra in order to provide a sufficient number of random access opportuni ties For random access a preamble is defined as shown in figure 1 4 The preamble sequence occupies Tpge 0 8 ms and the cyclic prefix occupies Tcp 0 1 ms within one subframe of 1 ms During the guard time Tar nothing is transmitted The preamble bandwidth is 1 08 MHz 72 sub carriers Higher layer signalling controls in which sub frames the preamble transmission is allowed and the location in the frequency domain Per cell there are 64 random access preambles They are generated from Zadoff Chu sequences Top Fig 1 4 Random Access Preamble The random access procedure uses open loop power control with power ramping simi lar to WCDMA After sending the preamble on a selected random access channel the UE waits for the random access response message If no response is detected then another random access channel is selected and a preamble is sent again Uplink scheduling Scheduling of uplink resources is done by eNodeB The eNodeB assigns certain time frequency resources to the UEs and informs UEs a
53. the upper adjacent channel in dB lt 1stLowerAltChannelPower gt is the relative power of the first lower alternate channel in dB lt 1stUpperAltChannelPower gt is the relative power of the first lower alternate channel in dB ses lt nthLowerAltChannelPower gt is the relative power of a subse quent lower alternate channel in dB lt nthUpperAltChannelPower gt is the relative power of a subse quent lower alternate channel in dB Example CALC1 MARK FUNC POW RES Returns the current ACLR measurement results Usage Query only Checking Limits for Numerical Result Display CALCulate lt n gt LIMit lt k gt SUMMary EVM ALL MAXimum RE Gu 143 CAL Culate nzLlMitcks SGUMMarv EVMEALLILAVERaoelRE Gu 143 CAL Culate nzLlMitcks SGUMMarv EVM PCHannel MANimum RE Gu 143 CALOulate n LIMit k SUMMary EVM PCHannel AVERage RESUIt 143 CAL Culate nz 1 lMitcks SGUMMarv EVM PGlGnal MA Ximum REGu seeen 144 CAL Culate nzLlMitcks SUMMarv EVM PGlGnaltAVERagel RE Gut 144 CAL Culate nzLlMitcks SUMMarv EVM SDOPDIAVERaoelRE Gu 144 CAL Culate nzLlMitcks SGUMMarv EVM SDSPTIAVERaoelREGut esses 145 CAL Culate nzLlMitcks SGUMMarv EVM SDSTIAVERaoelREGut nenen en ee eeeeeeerene 145 Remote Commands to Read Trace Data CALOulate n LIMit k SUMMary EVM UCCD AVERage RESuIt sss 145 CALOCulate n LIMit k SUMMary EVM UCCH AVERage RESuIt
54. to the clipboard board System Info Opens a dialog box that contains information about the system like driver versions or the utility software You can use this information in case an analyzer does not work properly 3 Measurements and Result Displays The LTE measurement analyzer features several measurements to examine and ana lyze different aspects of an LTE signal The source of the data that is processed is either a live signal or a previously recorded signal whose characteristics have been saved to a file For more information see Selecting the Input Source on page 54 In both cases you can perform a continuous or a single measurement Continuous measurements capture and analyze the signal continuously and stop only after you turn it off manually gt Press the Run Cont softkey to start and stop continuous measurements Single measurements capture and analyze the signal over a particular time span or number of frames The measurement stops after the time has passed or the frames have been captured P Press the Run Sg softkey to start a single measurement You can also repeat a measurement based on the data that has already been cap tured e g if you want to apply different demodulation settings to the same signal P Press the Refresh softkey to measure the signal again This chapter provides information on all types of measurements that the LTE measure ment analyzer supports Note that all measureme
55. type 2 PUSCH frequency hopping The software shows the currently selected cell ID in the header table St Remote command Cell ID CONFigure LTE UL CC lt cci gt PLC CID on page 173 Cell Identity Group CONFigure LTE UL CC lt cci gt PLC CIDGroup on page 173 Identity CONFigure LTE UL CC lt cci gt PLC PLID on page 174 5 2 3 Configuring Subframes An LTE frame consists of 10 subframes Each individual subframe may have a differ ent resource block configuration This configuration is shown in the Subframe Configu ration Table The application supports two ways to determine the characteristics of each subframe e Automatic demodulation of the channel configuration and detection of the subframe characteristics In case of automatic demodulation the contents of the table are determined according to the signal currently evaluated For more information see Auto Demodulation on page 73 e Custom configuration of the configuration of each subframe In case of manual configuration you can customize the table according to the sig nal that you expect The signal is demodulated even if the signal does not fit the User Manual 1308 9135 42 15 78 5 2 3 1 Defining Uplink Signal Characteristics decription in the table or in case of Physical Detection only if the frame fits the description in the table Remote command Conf subframes CONFigure LTE UL CSUBframes on page 175 Frame number
56. when the results are refreshed gt Open the context menu and select the Default Zoom on Update menu item Panning the trace If you d like to see parts of the measurement results that are outside the diagram area you can move the contents of the diagram area To move the contents of the diagram area click anywhere in the diagram area and drag the contents of the diagram area until the parts you d like to see are visible If there are parts of the trace data that are outside the visible display area the software shows arrows to the right of the diagram area The arrows point in the direction where the invisible trace data is If parts of the trace data is outside the visible area the arrows are yellow If all data in a particular direction is outside the visible area the arrows turn red To make sure that the whole trace is always visible you can use the automatic zoom Auto XY available in the Zoom menu gt Open the context menu and select the Pan menu item The software opens a submenu with several panning options ai x Fig 6 3 Panning options e Panning vertically and horizontally XY Panning is possible in all directions e Panning horizontally X Panning is possible to the left and right e Panning vertically Y Panning is possible upwards and downwards Copying an image to the clipboard If you want to document measurement results you can move a copy of them to the clipboard of the operating s
57. 135 42 15 42 R amp S FS K101 103 105PC Measurements and Result Displays Rel Inband Emissions Maximum 20 j 00 D Selection Subframe 0 Minimum JeltaRB Limit Check You can also display the inband emissions for the allocated resource block in addition to the unused resource blocks when you select the Inband Emissions All result display Rel Inband Emissions All Maximum d iB Selection Subframe 0 Minimum iB Limit Check Remote command Selecting the result display CALC te lt screenid Selecting the result display e screen Qurying results Spectrum Flatness Starts the Spectrum Flatness result display This result display shows the relative power offset caused by the transmit channel The measurement is evaluated over the currently selected slot in the currently selected subframe The currently selected subframe depends on your se The x axis represents the frequency On the y axis the channel flatness is plotted in dB User Manual 1308 9135 42 15 43 R amp S FS K101 103 105PC Measurements and Result Displays Spectrum Flatness Selection Max Min Note that the limit lines are only displayed if you match the Operating Band to the cen ter frequency Limits are defined for each operating band in the standard The shape of the limit line is different when ne Conditions on page 66 are on Remote command Selecting the result display C Querying results Spectrum Flatness SRS The Spe
58. 41 3 4 2 1 Q Measurements Power Spect E PEE 42 DANG EMISSION EE 42 SPSCUUIMUFIAWISSS wishes O 43 E i User Manual 1308 9135 42 15 41 R amp S FS K101 103 105PC Measurements and Result Displays SE AA SS A A AA gt Spectum GE LN 44 Spectrum Plalness Difference e er t ee ee b ee ed n ed RE d qs 44 Channel Group Delay e anota 45 Power Spectrum Starts the Power Spectrum result display This result display shows the power density of the complete capture buffer in dBm Hz The displayed bandwidth depends on bandwidth or number of resource blocks you have set For more information see Channel Bandwidth Number of Resource Blocks on page 75 The x axis represents the frequency On the y axis the power level is plotted Power Spectrum 1 0 Frequency MHz Remote command Selecting the result display CAL Culate lt screenid gt FEED SPEC PSPE Querying results TRACe DATA Inband Emission Starts the Inband Emission result display This result display shows the relative power of the unused resource blocks yellow trace and the inband emission limit lines red trace specified by the LTE standard document 3GPP TS36 101 The measurement is evaluated over the currently selected slot in the currently selected subframe The currently selected subframe depends on your selection Note that you have to select a specific subframe and slot to get valid measurement results IESSE User Manual 1308 9
59. 5 213 Spreading and modulation FDD 7 Speth M Fechtel S Fock G and Meyr H Optimum Receiver Design for Wire less Broad Band Systems Using OFDM Part IEEE Trans on Commun Vol 47 1999 No 11 pp 1668 1677 8 Speth M Fechtel S Fock G and Meyr H Optimum Receiver Design for OFDM Based Broadband Transmission Part Il A Case Study IEEE Trans on Com mun Vol 49 2001 No 4 pp 571 578 2 1 Licensing the Software Welcome The EUTRA LTE measurement software makes use of the l Q capture functionality of the following spectrum and signal analyzers to enable EUTRA LTE TX measurements conforming to the EUTRA specification e R amp S FSQ e R amp S FSG e R amp S FSV e R amp S FSVR e R amp S FSW e R amp S RTO This manual contains all information necessary to configure perform and analyze such measurements LIESNSING Rue EE 14 Installing the SOMWATE om a 17 e Connecting the Computer to an Analyzer 17 e Application e 23 Configuring the SOTEIWAaFO 2 eerte tente teinte etn ei tie aeta agua EEES 25 Licensing the Software The software provides the following general functionality e To capture and analyze UO data from an R amp S amp FSW R amp SGFSV RESOFSVR R amp SGFSQ R amp SGFSG or R amp S RTO e To read and analyze l Q data from a file License type You can purchase two different license types for the software e R amp SGFS K10xPC This license supports
60. 6 1 13 Remote Commands to Read Trace Data The following parameters are supported e TRACE1 Returns all constellation points included in the selection e TRACE2 Returns the constellation points of the reference symbols included in the selection e TRACE3 Returns the constellation points of the SRS included in the selection EVM vs Carrier For the EVM vs Carrier result display the command returns one value for each subcar rier that has been analyzed lt EVM gt The unit depends on UNIT EVM The following parameters are supported e TRACE1 Returns the average EVM over all subframes e TRACE2 Returns the minimum EVM found over all subframes If you are analyzing a particu lar subframe it returns nothing e TRACE3 Returns the maximum EVM found over all subframes If you are analyzing a partic ular subframe it returns nothing EVM vs Subframe For the EVM vs Subframe result display the command returns one value for each sub frame that has been analyzed lt EVM gt The unit depends on UNIT EVM The following parameters are supported e TRACE1 EVM vs Symbol For the EVM vs Symbol result display the command returns one value for each OFDM symbol that has been analyzed lt EVM gt For measurements on a single subframe the command returns the symbols of that subframe only The unit depends on UNIT EVM Remote Commands to Read Trace Data The following parameters are supp
61. A EE EEE OEE EE A Ee gt The software provides a relative and an absolute ACLR measurement mode that you can select with the ACLR REL ABS softkey e Incase of the relative measurement mode the power for the TX channel is an absolute value in dBm The power of the adjacent channels are values relative to the power of the TX channel e Incase of the absolute measurement mode the power for both TX and adjacent channels are absolute values in dBm In addition the ACLR measurement results are also tested against the limits defined by 3GPP In the diagram the limits are represented by horizontal red lines ACLR table A table above the result display contains information about the measurement in numer ical form e Channel Shows the channel type TX Adjacent or Alternate Channel e Bandwidth Shows the bandwidth of the channel e Spacing Shows the channel spacing e Channel Power Shows the absolute or relative power of the corresponding channel Adj Chan Leakage Power Limit Adjacent 30 dB Ratio List Spacing KHEN 3 Remote command Selecting the result display CALCulate lt n gt FEED SPEC ACP Querying results CALCulate lt n gt MARKer lt m gt FUNCtion POWer RESult CURRent TRACe DATA Querying limit check results CALCulate lt n gt LIMit lt k gt ACPower ACHannel RESult on page 140 CALCulate lt n gt LIMit lt k gt ACPower ALTernate RESult on page 141 CALCulate lt n gt LIMit lt k gt FAIL on page 1
62. CPI command CONFigure ACONfig lt instrument gt ADDRess on page 157 Test Connection Button that tests the connection If the connection has been established successfully the software returns a PASSED message If not it shows a FAILED message Figuring Out IP Addresses Each of the supported instruments logs its network connection information in a different place Find instructions on how to find out the necessary information below Figuring Out the Address of an R amp S FSQ or R amp S FSG Follow these steps to figure out GPIB or IP address of an R amp S FSQ or R amp S FSG Figuring Out the GPIB address 1 Press the SETUP key 2 Press the General Setup softkey 3 Press the GPIB softkey The R amp S FSQ FSG opens a dialog box that shows its current GPIB address Figuring Out the IP address 1 Press the SETUP key Connecting the Computer to an Analyzer 2 Press the General Setup softkey 3 Press the Configure Network softkey 4 Press the Configure Network softkey The MS Windows Network Connections dialog box opens 5 Select the Local Area Connection item The Local Area Connection Status dialog box opens 6 Select the Support tab The Support tab shows the current TCP IP information of the R amp S FSQ 4 Local Area Connection Status 2 3 2 2 Figuring Out the Address of an R amp S FSV or R amp S FSVR Follow these steps to figure out the GPIB or IP address of an R amp S FSV or R amp S FSVR F
63. Channel Group Delay Maximum Minimum Remote command Selecting the result display Querying results User Manual 1308 9135 42 15 45 R amp S FS K101 103 105PC Measurements and Result Displays 3 5 Measuring the Symbol Constellation This chapter contains information on all measurements that show the constellation of a signal Constellation Diagana nnee e NEE EE EEEE E TEE N E 46 DFT Precod Constellation 46 Evaluation Range for the Constellation Diaoram eee 47 Constellation Diagram Starts the Constellation Diagram result display This result display shows the inphase and quadrature phase results and is an indicator of the quality of the modulation of the signal In the default state the result display evaluates the full range of the measured input data You can filter the results in the Constellation Selection dialog box The ideal points for the selected modulation scheme are displayed for reference purpo ses Constellation Diagram Points Meas 16500 The constellation diagram also contains information about the current evaluation range In addition it shows the number of points that are displayed in the diagram Remote command Selecting the result display CALCulate lt n gt FEED CONS CONS Querying results TRACe DATA DFT Precod Constellation Starts the DFT Precod Constellation result display This result display shows the inphase and quadrature phase results It shows the data without the DF
64. Demodulation Settings tab of the Demodulation Settings dialog box Uplink Demodulation Settings Uplink Signal Characteristics Uplink Advanced Signal Characteristics Data Analysis Analysis Mode PUSCH PUECH y Channel Estimation Range Pilot and Payload y EVM with Exclusion Period r Anaylze TDD Transient Slots iv Compensate DC Offset lv Scrambling of Coded Bits lv Auto Demodulation a Subframe Configuration Detection D Suppressed Interf Sync C Multicarrier Filter D Analysis MOTO iia onto 72 Channel Estimation R amp Ange cecccccscssceeeseccteeersceetesensesecnseeeeseceseeeeseneteseteenecsseeeeees 72 EVM withiEXolusior Fenteng crt eter ctt tct tt ttt dd 72 Analyze TDD Transient Soter iid ttr a a 72 Compensate DO OMIE ona 72 scrambling Of Coded BIS aas deer A t Eben Ro a La peu 72 Auto Dermocdulation orte tocco acce eerte eed ded et eer ua pee 73 subframe Configuration DetectlOn 3 nore r 73 Suppressed Interference Gvpnchrontzatton na nccnnrrnnnnnncnnnn 74 DUTTA SUR cid iia 74 Configuring Uplink Signal Demodulation Analysis Mode Selects the channel analysis mode You can select from PUSCH PUCCH mode and PRACH mode PUSCH PUCCH mode analyzes the PUSCH and PUCCH This is the default PRACH mode analyzes the PRACH only In PRACH analysis mode no subframe or slot selection is available Instead you can select a particular preamble that the results are shown for Note that P
65. Digital 1 Q Input 69 Global Settings cvs 69 Demod d lee E 71 Configuring Uplink Signal Demodulation eese 71 Configuring the Data Analyse 71 Compensating Signal Errors sssssessseeenee nennen enne nens 74 Defining Uplink Signal Characteristics eese 75 Defining the Physical Signal Characteristics 75 Configuring the Physical Layer Cell Identity eee cceeeeeeeeceeeeeeeeeneeeeeeentaeeeeeeeaees 77 Contiguring Eet EE 78 Defining Advanced Signal Characteristics ccccseccessessseeeeseeeesseeeeeeeeeesseeeeeeeees 83 Configuring the Demodulation Reference Signal sss 83 Configuring the Sounding Reference Signal sse 85 Defining the PUSCH Gtruchure eene 88 Defining the PUCCH Gtruchure sessi 90 Defining the PRACH Structure eene 92 Defining Global Signal Characertsiice sss 93 R amp S FS K101 103 105PC Contents 7 1 7 2 7 3 7 4 8 1 8 2 8 3 8 3 1 8 3 2 8 4 8 4 1 8 4 2 8 5 8 6 9 1 9 2 9 2 1 9 2 2 9 2 3 9 2 4 9 2 5 9 3 9 4 9 5 9 6 9 6 1 9 6 2 9 7 Analyzing Measurement ResultS ssssssssssssunnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnn 95 Data Mana MEN 98 Importing and Exporting UO Data eeeeeeeeeeennnennnennnnnnnnn n nnn 98 Managing Frame Dataty ss csi 2ccccececetscese cecesetncote conn
66. ERAMe COUNES TA T6 tiii tritt ener etri E In o Rentner hir d ER EXE Re EET 153 SENSe LTE PREamble SELect ef SENSe E TEE SFEatness ECONGILODS rtr rr t e rt n tne erre erento SENSe E TEE SFEathess OBANG intor tern ici ISENS CITE SLOT SELEC SENSeJ ELTEESUBFrame SELEecCt rper terrere rrr re inen eer onere nets SENSe L TEEUL DEMOG AGQON ccena e hot a rae e Ye FERE Enea E SENSe EETETFUE DEMOGQATETSIOLS eerta een eret en eoe us pan ehe ne etica etre d SENSe LTE UL DEMod CBSCrambling SENSe E TEE UE DEMod C DGoffset rore ia SENSe ETETBE DEMOG OES Tilmationi icono oras SENSe E TET UL DEMod EEP rtiOd retten tr tren ern trt err en er eet SENSe LTE UL DEMod MCFilter SENSE CTE UEDEM Ale DEE EI EIER REI Re dE SENSeJ EELTELUL PORMat SCD csm nai at a de N EM Ee gees E EIERE NR ae leet le E SENSe EETETUL TRACKing TIME ctt ette tete tta dene debet ene ny etit et ver bag CAEGulatesns FEED ii uero core et e e ive hence eva ved Fes shin ios CALOCulate n LIMit k ACPower ALTernate RESUIt eese nennen 141 GCALEGulatesr De TEE 141 CALOCulate n LIMit k SUMMary EVM PCHannel MAXimum RESUIt esses 143 CALOCulate n LIMit k SUMMary EVM PCHannel AVERage RESUIt sss 143 CALOCulate n LIMit k SUMMary EVM PSIGnal MAXimum RESUIt eese 144 CALC
67. EXT TRIG IN EXT TRIG IN EXT TRIG IN Fig 8 2 MIMO Hardware Setup You can use several trigger configurations with or without additional hardware Measurements with a delayed trigger signal Simultaneous capture of the UO data requires the trigger inputs of all instruments in the setup to be armed MIMO Measurement Guide Arming a trigger does not happen immediately when you start a measurement but is delayed slightly for a number of reasons for example e Connecting several instruments with a LAN or GPIB connection usually causes a certain network delay e Tasks like the auto leveling function require some time to finish Because of these factors you have to make sure that the trigger event does not occur during this time frame You can do so for example by configuring an appropriate delay time on the DUT The exact delay depends on the GPIB or network condition and the input settings You can estimate the delay by performing a single measurement on one analyzer Measure the time it takes until the DSP indicator starts flashing Note that this estimation also includes the time it takes to transfer the I Q samples from the analyzer to the software A typical delay to arm the trigger is 2 seconds per instrument The minimum delay of the trigger signal must now be greater than the measured time multiplied with the number of measured antennas the number of analyzers because the spectrum analyzers are initiali
68. FAILED Limit check has failed PASSED Limit check has passed NOTEVALUATED Limits have not been evaluated Example CALC LIM SUMM SERR RES Queries the limit check Usage Query only CALCulate lt n gt LIMit lt k gt SUMMary GIMBalance MAXimum RESult CALCulate lt n gt LIMit lt k gt SUMMary GIMBalance AVERage RESult This command queries the result of the gain imbalance limit check Return values lt LimitCheck gt The type of limit average or maximum that is queried depends on the last syntax element FAILED Limit check has failed PASSED Limit check has passed NOTEVALUATED Limits have not been evaluated Example CALC LIM SUMM GIMB RES Queries the limit check Usage Query only CALCulate lt n gt LIMit lt k gt SUMMary QOFfset MAXimum RESult CALCulate lt n gt LIMit lt k gt SUMMary IQOFfset AVERage RESult This command queries the result of the UO offset limit check Remote Commands to Read Trace Data Return values lt LimitCheck gt The type of limit average or maximum that is queried depends on the last syntax element FAILED Limit check has failed PASSED Limit check has passed NOTEVALUATED Limits have not been evaluated Example CALC LIM SUMM IQOF MAX RES Queries the limit check Usage Query only CALCulate lt n gt LIMit lt k gt SUMMary QUADerror MAXimum RESult CAL Culate lt n gt LIMit lt k gt SUMMary QUADerror AVERage RESult This command queri
69. FSVR or R amp S FSW or oscilloscope R amp S RTO family you have to connect it to a computer You can use the IEEE bus GPIB or a local area network LAN Requirements To be able to capture UO data you need one of the signal analyzers or oscilloscopes mentioned above If you are using an R amp S FSQ you must e use firmware 3 65 or higher to be able to establish a connection via TCP IP or e install the RSIB passport driver on the computer The driver is available for download at http www rohde schwarz com appnote 1EF47 To establish a connection you also have to determine the network address of the ana lyzer and set it up in the LTE software Instrument Configuration The functionality necessary to establish the connection to the test equipment is part of the Analyzer Config MIMO Setup tab of the General Settings dialog box The software supports simultaneous connections to several analyzers or oscilloscopes Using a combination of analyzers and oscilloscopes is also possible The software automatically detects if you have connected an analyzer or an oscilloscope On the whole you can perform measurement on up to eight input channels Each input chan nel captures one l Q data stream If you use a spectrum or signal analyzer one input channel corresponds to one instru ment s RF input Thus the required number of analyzers depends on the number of UO 2 3 1 1 Connecting the Computer to an Analyzer data stream
70. General Settings B Bit Stream Su Modulatio jit B eam 001011001111000111110111010000011010110110111011 101011010111110101010 10100101011110010 111010111010100 Fig 4 2 Bit stream display in uplink application if the bit stream format is set to bits Remote command UNIT BSTR on page 155 Carrier Axes Selects the scale of the x axis for result displays that show results of OFDM subcarri ers e X axis shows the frequency of the subcarrier e X axis shows the number of the subcarrier Remote command UNIT CAXes on page 155 Subframe Selection Selects a particular subframe whose results the software displays You can select a particular subframe for the following measurements Result Summary EVM vs Carrier EVM vs Symbol EVM vs Symbol x Carrier Inband Emission Channel Flatness Spectrum Flatness SRS Channel Group Delay Spec trum Flatness Difference Power vs Symbol x Carrier Constellation Diagram DFT Pre coded Constellation Allocation Summary Bit Stream and Time Alignment If All is selected either the results from all subframes are displayed at once or a statistic is cal culated over all analyzed subframes Selecting a subframe is not possible in PRACH analysis mode Selecting All either displays the results over all subframes or calculates a statistic over all subframes that have been analyzed User Manual 1308 9135 42 15 59 R amp S FS K101 103 105PC General Settings Example Su
71. LCulatesas UMIK TEE 141 CAL Culate nzM AbkermFUNGCHon bOWer RE Gud CUpRent nene nneeennneeeeesee 141 CALCulate lt n gt LIMit lt k gt ACPower ACHannel RESult lt Result gt This command queries the limit check results for the adjacent channels during ACLR measurements Query parameters lt Result gt ALL Queries the overall limit check results REL Queries the channel power limit check results ABS Queries the distance to the limit line Return values lt LimitCheck gt Returns two values one for the upper and one for the lower adjacent channel PASSED Limit check has passed FAILED Limit check has failed Example CALC LIM ACP ACH RES ALL Queries the results of the adjacent channel limit check Remote Commands to Read Trace Data Usage Query only CALCulate lt n gt LIMit lt k gt ACPower ALTernate RESult lt Result gt This command queries the limit check results for the alternate channels during ACLR measurements Query parameters lt Result gt ALL Queries the overall limit check results REL Queries the channel power limit check results ABS Queries the distance to the limit line Return values lt LimitCheck gt Returns two values one for the upper and one for the lower alternate channel PASSED Limit check has passed FAILED Limit check has failed Example CALC LIM ACP ALT RES ALL Queries the results of the alternate channel limit check Usage Query only CALCu
72. NFigure LTE UL CC lt cci gt PLC CID lt Cellld gt This command defines the cell ID Parameters lt Cellld gt Example AUTO Automatica lly defines the cell ID lt numeric value gt Number of Range the cell ID O to 503 CONF UL PLC CID AUTO Automatica lly detects the cell ID CONFigure LTE UL CC lt cci gt PLC CIDGroup lt GroupNumber gt This command selects the cell identity group for uplink signals 9 8 2 3 Remote Commands to Configure the Demodulation Parameters lt GroupNumber gt Range 1 to 167 RST 0 Example CONF UL PLCI CIDG 12 Selects cell identity group 12 CONFigure LTE UL CC lt cci gt PLC PLID lt Identity gt This command selects the physical layer identity for uplink signals Parameters lt Identity gt 0 2 Manual selection RST AUTO Example CONF DL PLC PLID 2 Sets the physical layer identity to 2 Configuring Subframes GONFIqUre E SEI a lt a 174 CONFigure LTEJ UL CSUBfraMeS ooooonenonicinonenenininenonconoconanonananananannnnnnnnnnn nana aa aidi 175 CONFigure LTE UL CC lt cci gt SUBFrame lt subframe gt ALLoc CLUSter lt cluster gt RECO lp AA A A a t 175 CONFigure LTE UL CC lt cci gt SUBFrame lt subframe gt ALLoc CLUSter lt cluster gt nie 175 CONFigure L TE ULkGGsGcst lBtrame subtramez ALL ocCCONT 175 CONFigure L TE UL CC cci SUBFrame subframe ALLoc MODulation 176 CONFigu
73. ONFigure POWer EXPected RF lt instrument gt on page 152 Manual BB CONFigure POWer EXPected 10 lt instrument gt on page 152 Automatic SENSe POWer AUTO lt instrument gt STATe on page 152 Auto Level Track Time SENSe POWer AUTO lt instrument gt TIME on page 166 User Manual 1308 9135 42 15 55 Configuring the Measurement Attenuating the Signal Attenuation of the signal may become necessary if you have to reduce the power of the signal that you have applied Power reduction is necessary for example to prevent an overload of the input mixer You can attenuate the signal at the RF input of one of the analyzers in the measure ment setup mechanical or RF attenuation or attenuate the signal externally exter nal attenuation If you attenuate or amplify the signal either way the software adjusts the numeric and graphical results accordingly In case of graphical power result displays it moves the trace s vertically by the specified value Positive values correspond to an attenuation and negative values correspond to an amplification The range of the RF attenuation depends on the hardware you are using in the mea surement setup For details refer to its data sheet If the attenuation you have set is not supported by the hardware the software corrects the attenuation and shows a corre sponding message The software shows the RF and external attenuation level in the header table next
74. OWerMINIFOLITE siis aniano Ei epe ut ro Fre e sor cote end edens bur Eege d 129 FETCh SUMMary POWer AVERage n rnm cem rernm rr rre rre hr erben dene 129 FETCh SUMMary QUADerror MAXimum FETCh SUMMary QUADertor MINI s c iei riori isa 129 FETCh SUMMary QUADerror AVERadge notre tette t rr rene t re nra ertt s 129 FETCHh SUMMary SERROSMAXIMUD ccoo enne trt rtr nee n d de d n E Fd nea 129 FETCEN SUMMary SERRor MINIMUN facie e iia 129 FETCh SUMMary SERRot AVERage iint ttti ett ert nk enne ear ea E cad 129 FETGRh SUMMary TFRAME Pico en rep e t et ten p e E e LEGE ERE ERR E EXE di ERE pa 130 FETCh TAERror CC cci ANTenna antenna MAXimum sss nennen 130 FETCh TAERror CC lt cci gt ANTenna lt antenna gt MINIMUM canon conca nan cc nan ccan caninas 130 FETCh TAERror CC cci ANTenna antenna AVERage essen 130 Le Ce EE E dE its n aeta ee bis dedic ta 172 FETCh CC cci OSUBcarriers FORMat HB TA Dustin INiMiate REFRES cott asi dy MEET EE INPutIQ BALanced S TATe ico erre A AA AAA leie Re E lei Egger REI INPut lt n gt ATTenuation lt instrument gt INPutsens DIQTRANGeL UPPer rentia terree teta P Pee ebd D Fee Ur tae reri Pet re x Se ELA INPut lt n gt DI Rpzi ag M MMEMory EOAD DEModsetlirig rr trt a EE aeger n edi n e opas MMEM ry LOADIQ STA TO cintia ide MMEM
75. PUG CH NORD enge atur Remp Ere core Enna SEENEN ee 185 GONFiIgure ETE EUE PUCGh DESHPIU eripe teuer ae Inter ee t KREE 185 CONFigareDETEEUICPUCCO MIRO diete haare next ner ibi 185 GONFig re E TEEULPUGCGODh N2RB i eege dez baba 185 GONFigureDETEEFUEPUGORFORMal 2 2 0 2 ttn a t erento erben a xeu adero iosuada 186 CONFiourelLTEFUL PUCCHNDAR rene ennt en en en est sn nsns nsns nnns nnn rn 186 CONFigure LTE UL PUCCh NORB lt ResourceBlocks gt This command selects the number of resource blocks for the PUCCH Parameters lt ResourceBlocks gt numeric value Selects the number of RBs AUTO Detects the number of RBs automatically RST 0 Example CONF UL PUCC NORB 6 Sets the number of resource blocks to 6 CONFigure LTE UL PUCCh DESHift lt Shift gt This command defines the delta shift of the PUCCH Parameters lt Shift gt lt numeric value gt Range 1 to 3 RST 2 Example CONF UL PUCC DESH 3 Sets the delta shift of the PUCCH to 3 CONFigure LTE UL PUCCh N1CS lt Nics gt This command defines the N 1 _cs of the PUCCH Parameters lt N1cs gt lt numeric value gt RST 6 Example CONF UL PUCC N1CS 4 Sets N 1 _cs to 4 CONFigure LTE UL PUCCh N2RB lt N2RB gt This command defines the N 2 _RB of the PUCCH Remote Commands to Configure the Demodulation Parameters lt N2RB gt lt numeric value gt RST 1 Example
76. PUSCh CSField lt CyclicShiftField gt This command defines the cyclic shift field of the demodulation reference signal Available if CONFigure LTE UL CC lt cci gt DRS AOCC on page 178 has been turned on Parameters lt CyclicShiftField gt Range 0 to 7 RST 0 Example CONF UL SUBF ALL PUSC CSF 4 Defines cyclic shift field 4 CONFigure LTE UL CC lt cci gt SUBFrame lt subframe gt ALLoc PUSCh NDMRs lt PuschNDMRS gt This command defines the part of the DMRS index that is used for the uplink schedul ing assignment 9 8 3 9 8 3 1 Remote Commands to Configure the Demodulation Parameters lt PuschNDMRS gt lt numeric value gt Range 0 to 11 RST 0 Example CONF UL SUBF ALL PUSC NDMR 2 Defines index 2 CONFigure LTE UL CC lt cci gt SUBFrame lt subframe gt ALLoc RATO lt State gt This command turns the resource allocation type 1 on and off Parameters lt State gt ON OFF RST OFF Example CONF UL SUBF ALL RATO ON Turns resource allocation type 1 on Remote Commands for UL Advanced Signal Characteristics This chapter contains remote commands necessary to define advanced uplink signal characteristics For more information see chapter 5 3 Defining Advanced Signal Characteristics on page 83 e Configuring the Demodulation Reference Signal scs 178 e Configuring the Sounding Reference
77. Power Spectrum you can display the data points the trace is based on with the Show Data Points menu item The data points are displayed in addition to the line trace Some result displays already contain the data points by default for example EVM vs Symbol Note that information might get lost if you turn the data points off in these result displays Zooming into the diagram area If you d like to see parts of the diagram area in more detail you can use the zoom gt Open the context menu and select the Zoom menu item The software opens a submenu with several zooming options Auto XY Default Zoom Fig 6 2 Zooming options e Zooming vertically and horizontally XY Click on any point in the diagram area and draw a rectangle with the mouse The rectangle defines the part of the diagram area you are zooming into e Zooming horizontally X Click on any point in the diagram area and define the horizontal section of the dia gram area you want to zoom into e Zooming vertically Y Click on any point in the diagram area and define the vertical section of the dia gram area you want to zoom into e Zooming automatically Auto XY Automatically scales the diagram area so that the complete trace data is visible Double clicking on the diagram has the same effect e Restoring the default zoom The Default Zoom entry restores the default zoom The software also provides functionality to restore the default zoom each time
78. R amp SSFS K101 103 105PC R amp S9FSV K101 103 105 R amp S9FSQ K101 103 105 EUTRA LTE Uplink PC Software User Manual TENA I 1308 9135 42 15 ROHDE amp SCHWARZ This manual covers the following products e R amp S FSQ K101 1308 9058 02 e R amp S FSQ K103 1309 9097 02 e R amp S9FSQ K105 1309 9516 02 e RESPFSV K101 1310 9100 02 e R amp S FSV K103 1310 9200 02 e R amp S9FSV K105 1309 9780 02 e R amp S9FS K101PC 1309 9922 02 e R amp S9FS K103PC 1309 9945 02 e R amp S FS K105PC 1309 9968 02 The R amp S FS K10xPC versions are available for the following spectrum and signal analyzers e R amp S9 FSG e R amp S FSQ e R amp S FSV e R amp S FSVR e R amp S9 FSW The contents of the manual correspond to version 3 40 or higher 2014 Rohde amp Schwarz GmbH amp Co KG M hldorfstr 15 81671 M nchen Germany Phone 49 89 41 29 0 Fax 49 89 41 29 12 164 E mail info rohde schwarz com Internet www rohde schwarz com Subject to change Data without tolerance limits is not binding R amp S is a registered trademark of Rohde amp Schwarz GmbH amp Co KG Trade names are trademarks of the owners The following abbreviations are used throughout this manual R amp S9FS K101 K103 K105 is abbreviated as R amp S FS K101 K103 K105 1 1 1 2 1 2 1 1 2 2 1 2 3 1 2 4 1 2 5 1 3 2 1 2 2 2 3 2 3 1 2 3 2 2 4 2 5 2 5 1 2 5 2 3 1 3 2 3 3 3 4 3 4 1 3 4 2 3 5 3 6 3
79. RACH analysis mode does not support all result displays Remote command SENSe LTE UL DEMod MODE on page 168 Channel Estimation Range Selects the method for channel estimation You can select if only the pilot symbols are used to perform channel estimation or if both pilot and payload carriers are used Remote command SENSe LTE UL DEMod CESTimation on page 168 EVM with Exclusion Period Turns exclusion periods for EVM measurements as defined in 3GPP TS 36 521 on and off The exclusion period affects the PUSCH data EVM of the first and last symbol The software automatically determines the length of the exclusion period according to 3GPP TS 36 521 1 The exclusion period has no effect on the EVM vs Carrier and EVM vs Symbol x Car rier result displays Remote command SENSe LTE UL DEMod EEPeriod on page 168 Analyze TDD Transient Slots Includes or excludes the transient slots present after a switch from downlink to uplink in the analysis If on the transient slots are not included in the measurement Remote command SENSe LTE UL DEMod ATTS1lots on page 168 Compensate DC Offset Turns DC offset compensation when calculating measurement results on and off According to 3GPP TS 36 101 Annex F 4 the analyzer removes the carrier leakage VQ origin offset from the evaluated signal before it calculates the EVM and in band emissions Remote command SENSe LTE
80. SENSe LTE UL DEMod SISYnc on page 170 Multicarrier Filter Turns the suppression of interference of neighboring carriers on and off Remote command SENSe LTE UL DEMod MCFilter on page 170 Compensating Signal Errors The tracking settings contain settings that compensate for various common signal errors that may occur The tracking settings are part of the Downlink Demodulation Settings tab of the Demodulation Settings dialog box Uplink Demodulation Settings Uplink Signal Characteristics Uplink Advanced Signal Characteristics Tracking Phase Off z Timing E Phase Specifies whether or not the measurement results should be compensated for common phase error When phase compensation is used the measurement results will be com pensated for phase error on a per symbol basis Off Phase tracking is not applied Pilot Only Only the reference signal is used for the estimation of the phase error 5 2 5 2 1 Defining Uplink Signal Characteristics Pilot and Pay Both reference signal and payload resource elements are used for load the estimation of the phase error Remote command SENSe LTE UL TRACking PHASe on page 170 Timing Specifies whether or not the measurement results should be compensated for timing error When timing compensation is used the measurement results will be compensa ted for timing error on a per symbol basis Remote command SENSe LTE
81. SSH 3 Sets the delta sequence shift to 3 CONFigure LTE UL CC lt cci gt DRS GRPHopping lt State gt This command turns group hopping for uplink signals on and off Parameters lt State gt ON OFF RST OFF Example CONF UL DRS GRPHopping ON Activates group hopping CONFigure LTE UL CC lt cci gt DRS NDMRs lt nDMRS gt This command defines the npygs Parameters lt nDMRS gt lt numeric value gt Example CONF UL DRS NDMR 0 Selects npygs 0 CONFigure LTE UL CC lt cci gt DRS PUCCh POWer lt Power gt This command sets the relative power of the PUCCH Parameters lt Power gt RST 0 Default unit DB Example CONF UL DRS PUCC POW 2 Sets the power of the PUCCH to 2 dB Remote Commands to Configure the Demodulation CONFigure LTE UL CC lt cci gt DRS PUSCh POWer lt Power gt This command sets the relative power of the PUSCH Parameters lt Power gt RST 0 Default unit DB Example CONF UL DRS POW 2 Sets the relative power of the PUSCH to 2 dB CONFigure LTE UL CC lt cci gt DRS SEQuence lt Sequence gt This command selects the modulation for the reference signal Parameters lt Sequence gt IQF For use of a customized reference signal The data has to come from a file TGPP For use of a reference signal according to 3GPP Example CONF UL DRS SEQ IQF Activates the IQF type of sequence
82. SUBF ALL PREC CBIN 1 Selects codebook index 1 for the PUSCH allocation CONFigure LTE UL CC lt cci gt SUBFrame lt subframe gt ALLoc PRECoding CLMapping lt Mapping gt This command selects the codeword to layer mapping for a PUSCH allocation Parameters lt Mapping gt LC11 LC21 LC22 Example CONF UL SUBF2 ALL PREC CLM LC11 Assigns codeword to layer mapping 1 1 to subframe 2 CONFigure LTE UL CC lt cci gt SUBFrame lt subframe gt ALLoc PUCCh FORMat lt Format gt This command selects the PUCCH format for a particular subframe The command is available if you have selected PUCCH format selection on subframe basis with CONFigure LTE UL PUCCh FORMat Remote Commands to Configure the Demodulation Parameters lt Format gt F1N F1 normal F1S F1 shortened F1AN F1a normal F1AS F1a shortened F1BN F1b normal F1BS F1b shortened F2 F2 F2A F2a F2B F2b F3 F3 Example CONF UL SUBF4 ALL PUCC FORM F3 Selects format F3 for the PUCCH in subframe 4 CONFigure LTE UL CC lt cci gt SUBFrame lt subframe gt ALLoc PUCCh NPAR lt Parameter gt This command defines N_PUCCH on a subframe basis The command is available if CONFigure LTE UL PUCCh NPAR on page 186 is turned on Parameters lt Parameter gt lt numeric value gt Example CONF UL SUBF ALL PUCC NPAR 2 Sets N_PUCCH to 2 CONFigure LTE UL CC lt cci gt SUBFrame lt subframe gt ALLoc
83. T precoding The result display evaluates the full range of the measured input data You can filter the results in the Constellation Selection dialog box User Manual 1308 9135 42 15 46 R amp S FS K101 103 105PC Measurements and Result Displays EE ESS SSS EOE EOE EEE EEE EEE EEE ES SEE EE See DFT Precoded Constellation Points Meas 16800 E 1 0 Real Part Remote command Selecting the result display CALCulate lt screenid gt FEED CONS DFTC Evaluation Range for the Constellation Diagram The Evaluation Range dialog box defines the type of constellation points that are dis played in the Constellation Diagram By default the software displays all constellation points of the data that have been eval uated However you can filter the results by several aspects Constellation Diagram Modulation ALL mw Allocation ALL Gi Symbol ALL KM Carrier ALL EI Location E e Modulation Filters the results to include only the selected type of modulation e Allocation Filters the results to include only a particular type of allocation e Symbol Filters the results to include only a particular OFDM symbol e Carrier Filters the results to include only a particular subcarrier The result display is updated as soon as you make the changes Note that the constellation selection is applied to all windows in split screen mode if the windows contain constellation diagrams Remote command not supp
84. TS 36 211 chapter 5 5 3 2 Mapping to Physical Resources for the Sounding Reference Signal Remote command CONFigure LTE UL SRS BSRS on page 181 Transm Comb k TC Defines the transmission comb kc The transmission comb is a UE specific parameter For more information refer to 3GPP TS 36 211 chapter 5 5 3 2 Mapping to Physical Resources for the Sounding Reference Signal Remote command CONFigure LTE UL SRS TRComb on page 183 SRS Rel Power Defines the power of the SRS relative to the power of the corresponding UE Psrs os set The effective power level of the SRS is calculated as follows Psns Pue Psns ottset The relative power of the SRS is applied to all subframes Remote command CONFigure LTE UL SRS POWer on page 182 Hopping BW b_hop Defines the parameter Dn 5 3 3 Defining Advanced Signal Characteristics Dhop is a UE specific parameter that defines the frequency hopping bandwidth SRS fre quency hopping is active if bro lt Bsrs For more information refer to 3GPP TS 36 211 chapter 5 5 3 2 Mapping to Physical Resources for the Sounding Reference Signal Remote command CONFigure LTE UL SRS BHOP on page 181 Freq Domain Pos n_RRC Defines the parameter nanc hnnc is a UE specific parameter and determines the starting physical resource block of the SRS transmission For more information refer to 3GPP TS 36 211 chapter 5 5 3 2 Mapping to Physical Resources fo
85. The DFT processing is therefore the fundamental difference between SC FDMA and OFDMA signal generation This is indicated by the term DFT spread OFDM In an SCFDMA signal each sub carrier used for transmission contains information of all transmitted modulation symbols since the input data stream has been spread by the DFT transform over the available sub carriers In contrast to this each sub carrier of an OFDMA signal only carries information related to specific modulation symbols 1 2 2 SC FDMA Parameterization The EUTRA uplink structure is similar to the downlink An uplink radio frame consists of 20 slots of 0 5 ms each and 1 subframe consists of 2 slots The slot structure is shown in figure 1 2 Each slot carries cs SC FDMA symbols where Mix 7 for the normal cyclic prefix and NS 6 for the extended cyclic prefix SC FDMA symbol number 3 i e the 4th symbol in a slot carries the reference signal for channel demodulation One uplink slot T T MIHI n iiie t iar Ee e bett 4 Modulation symbol a mmmb Also for the uplink a bandwidth agnostic layer 1 specification has been selected The table below shows the configuration parameters in an overview table Fig 1 2 Uplink Slot Structure 1 2 3 Uplink Data Transmission In uplink data is allocated in multiples of one resource block Uplink resource block size in the frequency domain is 12 sub carriers i e the same as in downlink However not all integer mult
86. Time Align ment measurement Parameters lt Carriers gt 1 2 RST 1 Example CONF NOCC 2 Selects 2 carriers Configuring MIMO Measurement Setups CONFloure ACOhNfo Jnstrumentz ADDbess neret nennen nnns 157 CONFloure ACOhNfg Jnstrumentz JC Zeouence 158 CONFloure ACOhNfo JnstrumentzNCHannels nana 158 GONFigure ETEEULMIMO ASELecllon uento rni rennen tan aaa Ea EEA 158 CONFigure LTE UL MIMO PUCCh CONFiQoccoonccccnconcconcconncccnnnonnncnncnnnnnonncnnnncnnnconnnenacinnns 159 CONEIqure LTEFUL MIMOPUSCR CONFIO cocinas 159 CONFigure L TE UL MIMO SRS CONFIG iiss c2cciseesecccevviascccersiess ii auae 159 CONFigure ACONfig lt instrument gt ADDRess lt Address gt This command defines the network address of an analyzer or oscilloscope in the test setup Parameters lt Address gt Example Remote Commands to Configure General Settings String containing the address of the analyzer Connections are possible via TCP IP or GPIB Depending on the type of connection the string has the following syntax GPIB board lt PrimaryAddress gt lt SecondaryAddress gt INSTR TCPIP board lt HostAddress gt lt LANDeviceName gt INSTR Elements in square brackets are optional CONF ACON ADDR TCPIP 192 168 0 1 Defines a TCP IP connection for the first analyzer in the test setup CONF ACON ADDR GPIB 28 Defines a GPIB connection for the first analyzer in the test setup CONFigure ACON
87. UL DEMod CDCoffset on page 169 Scrambling of Coded Bits Turns the scrambling of coded bits for the PUSCH on and off Configuring Uplink Signal Demodulation The scrambling of coded bits affects the bitstream results Source ofbitstream results when Scrambling of coded bits is ON OFF unscrambled bits scrambled bits Scrambling pere mappe Fig 5 1 Source for bitstream results if scrambling for coded bits is on and off Remote command SENSe LTE UL DEMod CBSCrambling on page 169 Auto Demodulation Turns automatic demodulation on and off If active the analyzer automatically detects the characteristics of each subframe in the signal resource allocation of the signal Two methods of detection are supported e Subframe Configuration This method automatically determines the characteristics for each subframe as shown in the Subframe Configuration Table The table is populated accordingly e Subframe Configuration amp DMRS Auto Demodulation DMRS Auto Detection On This method automatically detects the PUSCH and SRS i e no PUCCH can be detected To determine these characteristics the software detects the CAZAC base parame ters Thus the DMRS configuration parameters are not required for the synchroni zation and therefore are not available using this method Note however that it is not possible to derive the DMRS configuration parameters from the CAZAC base parameters so that the disab
88. UL TRACKING PHAS O unicidad 170 SENSe L TE UL TRACking TIME center tenente ttt 170 SENSe L TET UL TRACking PHASe Type This command selects the phase tracking type for uplink signals Parameters Type OFF Deactivate phase tracking PIL Pilot only PILP Pilot and payload RST OFF Example SENS UL TRAC PHAS PILP Use pilots and payload for channel estimation SENSe L TET UL TRACking TIME State This command turns timing tracking for uplink signals on and off Remote Commands to Configure the Demodulation Parameters lt State gt ON OFF RST OFF Example UL TRAC TIME ON Activates timing tracking 9 8 2 Remote Commands for UL Signal Characteristics This chapter contains remote commands necessary to define uplink signal characteris tics For more information see chapter 5 2 Defining Uplink Signal Characteristics on page 75 e Defining the Physical Signal Charachersttce sneen e eereeseeeeeee 171 e Configuring the Physical Layer Cell Identtv nenne ennnen enn 173 e Configuring et 174 9 8 2 1 Defining the Physical Signal Characteristics GONFigurebETEEULEOOSoDEP BW ctr etn c ida 171 CONFigure E TEE UL CO ecl CY CPrefix ieeciesexecceapunuau ucc era tutt hope ld 171 Ee Lee DEE LTELUL ee a VE 172 GONFig re L TE UL CC lt ci gt TDD U DC O iii ad 172 FETCH GO SOG eC ge TE 172 FETCh GG cci OSUBcarriers ceei naani cepe c
89. VM can be measured see figure 8 10 SRS EVM Calculation EUTRA LTE SC FDMA Timeplan SC FDMA Symbols 6 7 8 1 4 ri d1 102 wa 104 165 106 Time ms UE1 SRS UE2 UE3 UE4 irst Subframe 10 No Of Subframes Fig 8 10 The EVM of the complete SRS can be measured The SRS allocation might cover subcarriers which partly fulfill the conditions mentioned above and partly do not In this case the EVM value given in the Allocation Summary will be calculated based only on the subcarriers which fulfill the above requirements see figure 8 11 EUTRA LTE SC FDMA Timeplan l Not included in the SRS EVM calculation Included in the SRS EVM calculation 02 03 4 05 06 08 09 0 07 Time ms SRS UE2 PUCCH Region UE3 SRS UE4 Fig 8 11 The EVM for parts of the SRS can be measured Overview of Remote Command Suffixes 9 Remote Commands When working via remote control note that you have to establish a connection between your remote scripting tool and the software Because the software runs directly on the PC and not an R amp S instrument you have to connect the remote script ing tool to your PC and nat an instrument 9 1 1 2 P Start the software If you want to capture UO data from an analyzer connect the software to that ana lyzer Start the remote scripting tool e g Matlab on the PC Connect the remote scripting tool to the loca
90. ab of the General Settings dialog box General Analyzer Config MIMO Setup Trigger Spectrum Advanced Input Settings Advanced Auto Level Track Time 100 ms For more information see Defining a Reference Level on page 55 4 5 4 4 5 5 Advanced Settings Configuring the Digital UO Input The digital UO settings contain settings that configure the digital UO input The digital UO settings are part of the Advanced tab of the General Settings dialog box General Analyzer Config MIMO Setup Trigger Spectrum Advanced Digital IQ Settings Source Sampling Rate 10 MHz Full Scale Level 1v Sampling Rate Input Data Rate 69 Full Scale Level A M 69 Sampling Rate Input Data Rate Defines the data sample rate at the digital baseband input The sample rate is available for a digital baseband input source Remote command INPut lt n gt DIQ SRATe on page 167 Full Scale Level Defines the voltage corresponding to the maximum input value of the digital baseband input Remote command INPut lt n gt DIQ RANGe UPPer on page 166 Global Settings The global settings contain settings that are independent of other settings The global settings are part of the Advanced tab of the General Settings dialog box General Analyzer Config MIMO Setup Trigger Spectrum Advanced Global Settings Couple Screens iv Stop Run Continuous r on Limit Check Fail COMPLE SChee ins E 69 Stop Run Co
91. ak to average power ratio PAPR properties of an OFDMA signal resulting in worse uplink coverage Thus the LTE uplink transmission scheme for FDD and TDD mode is based on SCFDMA with a cyclic prefix SC FDMA signals have better PAPR properties com pared to an OFDMA signal This was one of the main reasons for selecting SC FDMA as LTE uplink access scheme The PAPR characteristics are important for cost effec tive design of UE power amplifiers Still SC FDMA signal processing has some similar ities with OFDMA signal processing so parameterization of downlink and uplink can be harmonized There are different possibilities how to generate an SC FDMA signal DFT spread OFDM DFT s OFDM has been selected for EUTRA The principle is illustrated in fig ure 1 1 For DFT s OFDM a size M DFT is first applied to a block of M modulation symbols QPSK 16QAM and 64 QAM are used as uplink EUTRA modulation schemes the lat ter being optional for the UE The DFT transforms the modulation symbols into the fre quency domain The result is mapped onto the available sub carriers In EUTRA uplink only localized transmission on consecutive sub carriers is allowed An N point IFFT where N gt M is then performed as in OFDM followed by addition of the cyclic pre fix and parallel to serial conversion Incorring Bit Sream Channa DA Fig 1 1 Block Diagram of DFT s OFDM Localized Transmission Long Term Evolution Uplink Transmission Scheme
92. alue gt Minimum maximum or average frequency error depending on the last command syntax element Default unit Hz Example FETC SUMM FERR Returns the average frequency error in Hz Usage Query only FETCh SUMMary GIMBalance MAXimum FETCh SUMMary GIMBalance MINimum FETCh SUMMary GIMBalance AVERage This command queries the UO gain imbalance Return values lt Gainlmbalance gt lt numeric value gt Minimum maximum or average UO imbalance depending on the last command syntax element Default unit dB Example FETC SUMM GIMB Returns the current gain imbalance in dB Usage Query only FETCh SUMMary IQOFfset MAXimum FETCh SUMMary IQOFfset MINimum FETCh SUMMary IQOFfset AVERage This command queries the UO offset Return values lt IQOffset gt lt numeric value gt Minimum maximum or average UO offset depending on the last command syntax element Default unit dB Example FETC SUMM IQOF Returns the current IQ offset in dB Usage Query only Remote Commands to Read Numeric Results FETCh SUMMary POWer MAXimum FETCh SUMMary POWer MINimum FETCh SUMMary POWer AVERage This command queries the total power Return values lt Power gt lt numeric value gt Minimum maximum or average power depending on the last command syntax element Default unit dBm Example FETC SUMM POW Returns the total power in dBm Usage Query only FETCh SUMMary QUADerror MAXimu
93. alues is either in ASCII or binary characters and depends on the format you have set with FORMat DATA Following this detailed description you will find a short summary of the most important functions of the command TRACe DATA e Adjacent Channel Leakage Ralilo escena nnde de 131 e Allocation SUMMARY iaa eaters HEC CERE Ai 132 ETT LR 132 e Capture UTE douce ee eet 133 MEC EE 133 e Channel and Spectrum Flatness eese 134 e Channel and Spectrum Flatness Difference c cccccccceeeeeeeeeeeeeceeeeeeeeeeeeees 134 Channel Fatness S ISO e ener E xe ER ERR RE RR RENS 134 e Channel Group Delay eciam zoe rci cider e ELE Rea LL Lp Eua 135 e Constellation BEE EE 135 GR LEE 136 EVM VS SUDIaMe cuota 136 e EVM VS Symbol rre ntn Eee I REX secs inate EE eR NRNI EIN 136 e EVM vs Symbol x Carter 137 e bregusncy Enor nee DEE 137 e Inbiand BS Te EE 137 Ee BE 138 e Power vs Symbol x CallB ioiooconcioniccincoinnccanoii aran tran ER and dede daras 138 e Spectrum EMISSION Mask ori oi ia ai 138 e Felim Vas le GE 139 9 6 1 1 Adjacent Channel Leakage Ratio For the ACLR result display the number and type of returns values depend on the parameter e TRACE1 Returns one value for each trace point e LIST Returns the contents of the ACLR table For each channel it returns three values lt bandwidth gt lt spacing offset gt lt power gt The channel order is TX cha
94. amp S FS Z11 is a device that makes sure that the measurement starts on all analyzers master and slaves at the same time Connecting the trigger unit gt Connect the NOISE SOURCE output of the master analyzer to the NOISE SOURCE CONTROL input of the trigger unit gt Connect the EXT TRIG inputs of all analyzers master and slaves to the TRIG OUT 1 to 4 or 1 and 2 in case of measurements on two antennas of the trigger unit The order is irrelevant that means it would be no problem if you connect the master analyzer to the TRIG OUT 2 of the trigger unit With this setup all analyzers including the master analyzer are triggered by the trigger unit The trigger unit also has a TRIG INPUT connector that you can connect an external trigger to If you are using an external trigger the external trigger supplies the trigger event If not the analyzer noise source control supplies the trigger event Note that if you do not use an external trigger the TRIG INPUT must remain open MIMO Measurement Guide To use the R amp S FS Z11 as the trigger source you have to select it as the trigger source in the General Settings dialog box of the LTE measurement application For more information see Configuring the Trigger on page 63 RF OUTPUT 1 RF OUTPUT 2 RF OUTPUT 3 RF OUTPUT 4 TRIGGER OUTPUT FS Z11 Trigger Unit TRIG INPUT TRIG OUT 1 TRIG OUT 2 TRIG OUT 3 NOISE SOURCE TRIG OUT 4 TRIG MANUAL Cable Trigger Cable Trigger Opti
95. anced input on and off If active a ground connection is not necessary If you are using an assymetrical unbalanced setup the ground connection runs through the shield of the coaxial cable that is used to connect the DUT Balancing is available for a baseband input source Remote command INPut IQ BALanced STATe on page 165 Low Pass Turns an anti aliasing low pass filter on and off The filter has a cut off frequency of 36 MHz and prevents frequencies above from being mixed into the usable frequency range Note that if you turn the filter off harmon ics or spurious emissions of the DUT might be in the frequency range above 36 MHz and might be missed You can turn it off for measurement bandwidths greater than 30 MHz The low pass filter is available for a baseband input source Remote command SENSe I1Q LPASs STATe on page 166 Dither Adds a noise signal into the signal path of the baseband input Dithering improves the linearity of the A D converter at low signal levels or low modula tion Improving the linearity also improves the accuracy of the displayed signal levels The signal has a bandwidth of 2 MHz with a center frequency of 38 93 MHz Dithering is available for a baseband input source Remote command SENSe IQ DITHer STATe on page 166 Using Advanced Input Settings The advanced input settings contain settings that configure the RF input The advanced input settings are part of the Advanced t
96. and off If the overall frame count is active you can define a particular number of frames to capture and analyze The measurement runs until all required frames have been ana lyzed even if it takes more than one sweep The results are an average of the cap tured frames If the overall frame count is inactive the analyzer analyzes all complete LTE frames currently in the capture buffer Remote command SENSe LTE FRAMe COUNt STATe on page 153 Number of Frames to Analyze Sets the number of frames that you want to capture and analyze If the number of frames you have set last longer than a single sweep the analyzer con tinues the measurement until all frames have been captured The parameter is read only if e the overall frame count is inactive e the data is captured according to the standard Remote command SENSe LTE FRAMe COUNt on page 154 Auto According to Standard Turns automatic selection of the number of frames to capture and analyze on and off If active the analyzer evaluates the number of frames as defined for EVM tests in the LTE standard If inactive you can set the number of frames you want to analyze This parameter is not available if the overall frame count is inactive Remote command SENSe LTE FRAMe COUNt AUTO on page 154 User Manual 1308 9135 42 15 57 R amp S FS K101 103 105PC General Settings 4 1 5 Configuring Measurement Results The
97. ata The UO settings contain settings that control the UO data flow The I Q settings are part of the Advanced tab of the General Settings dialog box General Analyzer Config MIMO Setup Trigger Spectrum Advanced 1Q Settings Swap IQ RW File Source Offset Ds Swap ME 67 File Source A iaai aiaa aa a a kaai k aiaia aiia 67 Swap UO Swaps the real I branch and the imaginary Q branch parts of the signal Remote command SENSe SWAPi q on page 164 File Source Offset Defines the location in an UO data file where the analysis starts Remote command INPut IQ FSOFfset on page 165 4 5 2 Configuring the Baseband Input The baseband settings contain settings that configure the baseband input The baseband settings are part of the Advanced tab of the General Settings dialog box General Analyzer Config MIMO Setup Trigger Spectrum Advanced Baseband Settings Input High Impedance E Input Balanced O Input Lowpass E Input Dithering L High ue 67 Ile 68 COMPASS ai aa 68 Dri Ek 68 High Impedance Selects the impedance of the baseband input By default high impedance is off the impedance is 50 O If you turn the high impedance on the impedance changes to 1 kO or 1 MO depend ing on the configuration of the analyzer 4 5 3 Advanced Settings High impedance is available for a baseband input source Remote command INPut 10 IMPedance on page 165 Balanced Turns symmetric or bal
98. ating Iw Number RE 64 SEM TEE 65 Assumed Adjacent Channel Carter 65 NOISE CONECO Mnasi nnan ena aiad naoa e aaaea 65 Auto GANG ira A aa A AAA E AA 65 Number of TX Channels The software allows you to perform ACLR and SEM measurements on systems that support carrier aggregation Measurements on one or two TX channels are supported For the second TX channel you can select the bandwidths as defined by 3GPP For more information see Channel Bandwidth Number of Resource Blocks on page 75 Spectrum Settings In case of ACLR measurements with carrier aggregation the measurement frequency is not the frequency of one of the carriers but lies somewhere in between the carrier frequencies depending on the bandwidths you have selected for the two carriers The carriers have to be next to each other for the measurement to work reliably Remote command CONFigure LTE UL CABW on page 162 SEM Requirement Selects the type of spectrum emission mask used for the Out of Band emission mea surement The software supports general and specific additional spectrum emission masks The specific spectrum emission masks contain additional SEM requirements The addi tional requirements masks to use for the measurement depend on the network signal led value NS 03 NS 04 NS 06 or NS 07 If NS O6 or NS 07 is indicated in the cell use SEM requirement NS 06 07 Remote command SENSe POWer SEM UL REQuirement on page 162
99. ation 2 for the first carrier CONFigure LTE UL CC lt cci gt TDD UDConf Configuration This command selects the subframe configuration for TDD signals Parameters lt Configuration gt Example Example Range 0 to 6 RST 0 Single carrier measurements CONF UL TDD UDC 4 Selects allocation configuration number 4 Carrier aggregation measurements CONF UL CC1 TDD UDC 4 Selects allocation configuration number 4 for the first carrier FETCh CC lt cci gt CYCPrefix This command queries the cyclic prefix type that has been detected 9 8 2 2 Return values lt PrefixType gt Example Usage Remote Commands to Configure the Demodulation The command returns 1 if no valid result has been detected yet NORM Normal cyclic prefix length detected EXT Extended cyclic prefix length detected FETC CYCP Returns the current cyclic prefix length type Query only FETCh CC lt cci gt OSUBcarriers This command queries the number of occupied carriers as shown in the Signal Char acteristics dialog box Return values lt Subcarriers gt Example Usage Number of FETC OSU occupied subcarriers B Queries the number of occupied carriers Query only Configuring the Physical Layer Cell Identity CONFigure L TEEUL COscci gt PLC O D omita ara aaa 173 CONFlqure LTE UL ee Gelee 173 CONFigure E TEEUL OCCO PLO PUD cinnin anai poraa apaan 174 CO
100. ative Triggers a measurement when the signal falls to the trigger level Example TRIG SLOP POS Selects a positive trigger slope 9 7 4 Configuring Spectrum Measurements e Configuring SEM and ACLR Measurements essen nnns 162 e Configuring Spectrum Flatness Measurements eese 164 9 7 4 1 Remote Commands to Configure General Settings Configuring SEM and ACLR Measurements CON Figure EN EI 162 ISENZGelPOWer GEM UL REOuirement conocio nn 162 SENSe POWerACHannetAACHannel iio ENEE 163 ER POWer erer DEE 163 SENSE ES WESPEGATSAUTO ui ana 163 CONFigure LTE UL CABW lt Bandwidth gt This command selects the channel bandwidth s of the carriers in MC ACLR measure ments Parameters lt Bandwidth gt B520 First carrier 5 MHz second carrier 20 MHz bandwidth B1020 First carrier 10 MHz second carrier 20 MHz bandwidth B1515 First carrier 15 MHz second carrier 15 MHz bandwidth B1520 First carrier 15 MHz second carrier 20 MHz bandwidth B2020 First carrier 20 MHz second carrier 20 MHz bandwidth USER Custom combination of bandwidths Define the bandwidths of both carriers with CONFigure LTE UL CC lt cci gt BW on page 171 Example CONF UL CABW USER CONF UL CC1 BW BW5 00 CONF UL CC2 BW BW5 00 Custom bandwidth combination first carrier 5 MHz second car rier 5 MHz SENSe POWer SEM UL REQuirement Requirement This command se
101. ats 2 2a 2b transmission in each subframe Since there can be only one resource block per slot that supports a combination of the PUCCH formats 1 1a 1b and 2 2a 2b the number of resource block s per slot availa ble for PUCCH format 1 1a 1b is determined by N 2 _RB For more information refer to 3GPP TS36 211 chapter 5 4 Physical Uplink Control Channel Remote command CONFigure LTE UL PUCCh N2RB on page 185 Format Selects the format of the PUCCH You can define the PUCCH format for all subframes or define the PUCCH format for each subframe individually e F1 F1a F1b F2 F2a F2b F3 Selects the PUCCH format globally for every subframe e Per Subframe You can select the PUCCH format for each subframe separately in the Enhanced Settings of the Subframe Configuration Note that formats F2a and F2b are only supported for normal cyclic prefix length For more information refer to 3GPP TS36 211 table 5 4 1 Supported PUCCH For mats Remote command CONFigure LTE UL PUCCh FORMat on page 186 N_PUCCH Defines the resource index for PUCCH format 1 1a 1b respectively 2 2a 2b You can select the PUCCH format manually or allow the software to determine the PUCCH format automatically based on the measurement 5 3 5 Defining Advanced Signal Characteristics It is also possible to define Npycch on a subframe level by selecting the Per Subframe menu item For more information see chapter 5 2 3 Configuring Sub
102. bframe gt ALLoc PUCCH NPAR ccccceeeseeeeeeteeeteeteeees CONFigure LTE UL CC cci SUBFrame ssubframe AL LocbU GchCSEield ee CONFigure L TEIUUTGGzc zltzUlBtrame subiramez AL LocbUSChNDMn S CONFigure LTET UL CC cci SUBFrame ssubframe ALLoc RATO essen CONFigure LTE UL CC cci SUBFrame ssubframe ALLoc CLUSter cluster RBCount CONFigure LTE UL CC lt cci gt SUBFrame lt subframe gt ALLoc CLUSter lt cluster gt RBOFfset CONFigur LTEFUL CE lt CCS T DD SPSC raneren erra eei A Aee e in e EEE AAEE CONFigure ETEEUL CC occi TDD UDQODF 2 a tr cti oae per Creed e ER a o i a a ENE i RENERT E RE DISPlayEWINDoOw lt SR J TABLO cocina ret ree hne t deer ete it DlSblavf WiN Dow nzTR ACectvlSCALelbRlEvelOktz et nene FETCEh SUMMary CRESEMAXIMUM osito 124 FETCh SUMMary CRESI AVERage aan cacas 124 FETCh SUMMary EVM PCHamnelMAXiMUM coccion cana cacaos 125 FETCH SUMMarg EVM PCHannelMiNimum conan cora 125 FETCh SUMMary EVM PCHannel AVERage ettet 125 FETCh SUMMary EVM PSIGnalMAXiMUM coccion rra cacas 125 FETCIh SUMMary EVM PSIGnalMINimutm icu inan teet drid stent pcia nada e bedenken ia 125 FETCh SUMMary EVM PSIGnal AVERage 125 FETCRh SUMMary EVM SDQOPE EAVERage rtt tre ntt a nre ees 125 FEICh SUMMary EVM SDSF AVERage iiit erp rt biet xi er
103. bframe selection If you select all subframes All the software shows three traces One trace shows the subframe with the minimum level characteristics the second trace shows the sub frame with the maximum level characteristics and the third subframe shows the aver aged level characteristics of all subframes e PK peak value e AV average value e MI minimum value If you select a specific subframe the software shows one trace This trace contains the results for that subframe only Remote command SENSe LTE SUBFrame SELect on page 156 Slot Selection Selects a particular slot whose measurement results you want to see You can select a particular slot for the following measurements Result Summary EVM vs Carrier EVM vs Symbol EVM vs Symbol x Carrier Inband Emission Channel Flatness Spectrum Flatness SRS Channel Group Delay Spec trum Flatness Difference Power vs Symbol x Carrier Constellation Diagram DFT Pre coded Constellation Diagram and Time Alignment In PRACH analysis mode you can not select a particular slot Remote command SENSe LTE SLOT SELect on page 156 Preamble Selection Selects a particular preamble for measurements that analyze individual preambles Selecting preambles is available in PRACH analysis mode Remote command SENSe LTE PREamble SELect on page 156 Antenna Selection Selects the antenna you want to display the resul
104. bout transmission formats to use Scheduling decisions affecting the uplink are communicated to the UEs via the Physi cal Downlink Control Channel PDCCH in the downlink The scheduling decisions may be based on QoS parameters UE buffer status uplink channel quality measurements UE capabilities UE measurement gaps etc Uplink link adaptation As uplink link adaptation methods transmission power control adaptive modulation and channel coding rate as well as adaptive transmission bandwidth can be used Uplink timing control Uplink timing control is needed to time align the transmissions from different UEs with the receiver window of the eNodeB The eNodeB sends the appropriate timing control commands to the UEs in the downlink commanding them to adapt their respective transmit timing Hybrid automatic repeat request ARQ The Uplink Hybrid ARQ protocol is already known from HSUPA The eNodeB has the capability to request retransmissions of incorrectly received data packets References 1 3 References 1 3GPP TS 25 913 Requirements for E UTRA and E UTRAN Release 7 2 3GPP TR 25 892 Feasibility Study for Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing OFDM for UTRAN enhancement Release 6 3 3GPP TS 36 211 v8 3 0 Physical Channels and Modulation Release 8 4 3GPP TS 36 300 E UTRA and E UTRAN Overall Description Stage 2 Release 8 5 3GPP TS 22 978 All IP Network AIPN feasibility study Release 7 6 3GPP TS 2
105. ce elements of the PRACH channel in the ana lyzed frame FETCh SUMMary EVM UPRA AVERage on page 127 By default all EVM results are in To view the EVM results in dB change the EVM Unit The second part of the table shows results that refer to a specifc selection of the frame The statistic is always evaluated over the slots The header row of the table contains information about the selection you have made like the subframe EVM All EVM Phys Channel EVM Phys Signal Frequency Error Sampling Error UO Offset Shows the EVM for all resource elements in the analyzed frame FETCh SUMMary EVM ALL AVERage on page 124 Shows the EVM for all physical channel resource elements in the analyzed frame A physical channel corresponds to a set of resource elements carrying infor mation from higher layers PUSCH PUCCH and PRACH are physical chan nels For more information see 3GPP 36 211 FETCh SUMMary EVM PCHannel AVERage on page 125 Shows the EVM for all physical signal resource elements in the analyzed frame The reference signal is a physical signal For more information see 3GPP 36 211 FETCh SUMMary EVM PSIGnal AVERage on page 125 Shows the difference in the measured center frequency and the reference center frequency FETCh SUMMary FERRor AVERage on page 128 Shows the difference in measured symbol clock and reference symbol clock relative to the system sampling rate
106. ctrum Flatness SRS display shows the amplitude of the channel transfer func tion based on the sounding reference signal The measurement is evaluated over the currently selected slot in the currently selected subframe The slot and subframe selection may be changed in the general settings Spectrum Flatness SRS Selection Max Remote command Selecting the result display C Querying results A Spectrum Flatness Difference Starts the Spectrum Flatness Difference result display This result display shows the level difference in the spectrum flatness result between two adjacent physical subcarriers User Manual 1308 9135 42 15 44 R amp S FS K101 103 105PC Measurements and Result Displays The measurement is evaluated over the currently selected slot in the currently selected subframe The currently selected subframe depends on your The x axis represents the frequency On the y axis the power is plotted in dB Spectrum Flatness Difference Selection Max Min 1 0 Frequency MHz Remote command Selecting the result display Querying results Channel Group Delay Starts the Channel Group Delay result display This result display shows the group delay of each subcarrier The measurement is evaluated over the currently selected slot in the currently selected subframe The currently selected subframe depends on your se The x axis represents the frequency On the y axis the group delay is plotted in ns
107. d Settings dialog box e Configuring the Demodulation Reference Signal sss 83 e Configuring the Sounding Reference Signal 85 e Defining the PUSCH Gtruchure A 88 e efinmngtihe PUCCH SUCI niit ce peret rd etr rtt ect tee 90 Defining the PRACH SIructuUre eire nene rh nde RR ER DO ERR Van ar 92 e Defining Global Signal Charachertsiics eese e erer tennestenstenssenssernsenn 93 Configuring the Demodulation Reference Signal The demodulation reference signal settings contain settings that define the physical attributes and structure of the demodulation reference signal This reference signal helps to demodulate the PUSCH The demodulation reference signal settings are part of the Uplink Advanced Signal Characteristics tab of the Demodulation Settings dialog box Uplink Demodulation Settings Uplink Signal Characteristics Uplink Advanced Signal Characteristics Demodulation Reference Signal Sequence aGPP sl Rel Power PUSCH 0 000 dB Rel Power PUCCH omg Group Hopping L Activate DMRS with OCCT Delta Sequence Shift Io Sequence Hopping M n 1 DMRS 9 RY 6 021 a Beep OQ 83 Group HOPPING EE 84 Sequetice ee mica 84 Relative Power PUSO stas odds 84 Activate DMRS WiI QQOG torret diia 84 AS E 85 Delta S quence SM ri A Ada A 85 Relie Power PUC Aia te ierat Seatac oad aes ates ae 85 Sequence Selects the definition the demodulat
108. d terminal complexity cost and power consump tion shall be ensured All the interfaces specified shall be open for multivendor equipment interoperability e Mobility The system should be optimized for low mobile speed 0 to 15 km h but higher mobile speeds shall be supported as well including high speed train envi ronment as a special case e Spectrum allocation Operation in paired frequency division duplex FDD mode and unpaired spectrum time division duplex TDD mode is possible e Co existence Co existence in the same geographical area and co location with GERAN UTRAN shall be ensured Also co existence between operators in adja cent bands as well as cross border co existence is a requirement e Quality of Service End to end quality of service QoS shall be supported VoIP should be supported with at least as good radio and backhaul efficiency and latency as voice traffic over the UMTS circuit switched networks e Network synchronization Time synchronization of different network sites shall not be mandated User Manual 1308 9135 42 15 8 Long Term Evolution Uplink Transmission Scheme 1 2 Long Term Evolution Uplink Transmission Scheme 1 2 1 SC FDMA During the study item phase of LTE alternatives for the optimum uplink transmission scheme were investigated While OFDMA is seen optimum to fulfil the LTE require ments in downlink OFDMA properties are less favourable for the uplink This is mainly due to weaker pe
109. ding sequence shift pattern for the PUSCH is a function of f PUCCH and the delta sequence shift For more information refer to 3GPP TS 36 211 chapter 5 5 1 3 Group Hopping Remote command CONFigure LTE UL CC lt cci gt DRS DSSHift on page 179 Relative Power PUCCH Defines the power of the DMRS relative to the power level of the PUCCH allocation in the corresponding subframe Ppmrs offset The effective power level of the DMRS depends on the allocation of the subframe and is calculated as follows Pomrs Pue Peuccu Ppwns ortset The relative power of the DMRS is applied to all subframes The power of the PUCCH Ppyccy may be different in each subframe Remote command CONFigure LTE UL CC lt cci gt DRS PUCCh POWer on page 179 Configuring the Sounding Reference Signal The sounding reference signal settings contain settings that define the physical attrib utes and structure of the sounding reference signal The sounding reference signal settings are part of the Uplink Advanced Signal Char acteristics tab of the Demodulation Settings dialog box Uplink Demodulation Settings Uplink Signal Characteristics Uplink Advanced Signal Characteristics Sounding Reference Gm Present Rel Power 0 000 dB SRS Subframe Conf Conf Index Sp 0 Hopping BW b hop Io SRS BW Conf SRS 0 SRSBandwidhB_SRS O FregDomanPosnRRC o A NSSRS simul Tx Transm Comb k_ TC OsRsCeicShiN CS
110. e E TEEUL CC cel PUSCRINOSM iiic iaa ooa accu rca 184 CONFigure LTE UL CC lt cci gt PUSCh FHMode lt HoppingMode gt This command selects the frequency hopping mode in the PUSCH structure Remote Commands to Configure the Demodulation Parameters lt HoppingMode gt NONE No hopping INTer Inter subframe hopping INTRa Intra subframe hopping RST NONE Example CONF UL PUSC FHM NONE Deactivates frequency hopping for the PUSCH CONFigure LTE UL CC lt cci gt PUSCh FHOFfset lt Offset gt This command defines the frequency hopping offset for the PUSCH Parameters lt Offset gt lt numeric value gt RST 4 Example CONF UL PUSC FHOF 5 Sets the hopping offset to 5 CONFigure LTE UL CC lt cci gt PUSCh FHOP IIHB lt HBInfo gt This command defines the information in hopping bits of the PUSCH Parameters lt HBInfo gt lt numeric value gt Range 0 to 3 RST 0 Example CONF UL PUSC FHOP IIHB 1 Defines type 1 as the information in hopping bits CONFigure LTE UL CC lt cci gt PUSCh NOSM lt NofSubbands gt This command defines the number of subbands M of the PUSCH Parameters lt NofSubbands gt lt numeric value gt RST 4 Example CONF UL PUSC NOSM 2 Sets the number of subbands to 2 Remote Commands to Configure the Demodulation 9 8 3 4 Defining the PUCCH Structure GCONEIqurel TE ULs
111. e EVM of all data subcarriers is then The LTE Uplink Analysis Measurement Application EVM sata data 8 4 for Nps SC FDMA data symbols and the Nyx allocated subcarriers UO imbalance The UO imbalance contained in the continuous received signal r t can be written as re e 1856 jo 3kp P 8 5 where s t is the transmit signal and and Q are the weighting factors describing the UO imbalance We define that I 1 and Q 1 AQ The I Q imbalance estimation makes it possible to evaluate the modulator gain balance 1 AQ 8 6 and the quadrature mismatch arg 1 AQ 8 7 based on the complex valued estimate 46 Basic in band emissions measurement The in band emissions are a measure of the interference falling into the non allocated resources blocks The relative in band emissions are given by Emissio MS absolute A rp Emissions tative Ars 1 c 12 N pg 1 a EN 27 A Pres S e 8 8 where Ts is a set Ts of SC FDMA symbols with the considered modulation scheme being active within the measurement period Arg is the starting frequency offset between the allocated RB and the measured non allocated RB e g Arg 1 or Agg 1 for the first adjacent RB c is the lower edge of the allocated BW and Y t f is the fre quency domain signal evaluated for in band emissions Ngg is the number of allocated RBs The basic in band emissions measurement interval is defined over one slot in the time doma
112. e UL DL configuration or allocation defines the way each subframe is used for uplink downlink or if it is a special subframe The standard specifies seven different configurations 5 2 2 Defining Uplink Signal Characteristics U uplink D downlink S special subframe Conf of Special Subframe In combination with the cyclic prefix the special subframes serve as guard periods for switches from uplink to downlink They contain three parts or fields e DwPTS The DwPTS is the downlink part of the special subframe It is used to transmit downlink data e GP The guard period makes sure that there are no overlaps of up and downlink sig nals during a switch e UpPTS The UpPTS is the uplink part of the special subframe It is used to transmit uplink data The length of the three fields is variable This results in several possible configurations of the special subframe The LTE standard defines 10 different configurations for the special subframe However configurations 8 and 9 only work for a normal cyclic prefix If you select configurations 8 or 9 using an extended cyclic prefix or automatic detec tion of the cyclic prefix the software will show an error message Remote command Subframe CONFigure LTE UL CC lt cci gt TDD UDConf on page 172 Special subframe CONFigure LTE UL CC lt cci gt TDD SPSC on page 172 Configuring the Physical Layer Cell Identity The physical signal characteristics contain settings t
113. e l ETE ULPRACHFRINOEX ovimoiaaai iaa rra iaa FERRE ER 188 CONFigure LTEJUL PRAGH HEINdicator lt w lt omorciriiiaa ai rete rn neret 188 GONFigure ETETULEPRAGINGSOQ epi ciao cott ter ect oe ra e bed e gk E e rcs rd tu sue ed exea d CONFigure LTE UL PRACh RSEQ CONFigureEETETFULPRAGHhRSET cicer ette a i A Ea GONFigure E TETUL PRAGE SIN DX criaron ice CONFigure LTE UL PUCCh DESHift GONFigureEETEEUL PUGCGh F OORMal rrr A ari 186 GONFigure E TETUEPUGCGCh NTGS topped otn cette totis uen cie me ende ra RE seas Lo RARE acne RP Edad CONFigureE ETETFUE PUGCGHR N2RB iic erras recie manatee e rete erre ctc e e e rM aeta CONFigure LTE UL PUCCh NORB GONFigureE E TETUEPUGCCH NBAR etica aria ie orsus SFN O E Ee TS UR NR EE GONFigu re E TETULE SRS BHOP picto id SEIT UH RE EE CONFigure LTE UL SRS CSRS CONFigure LTE UL SRS CYCS eelere UH NR CONFigure LTEUL SRS MUP Tico io Eed ANERE geed eee ened GONFigureEETEEUL SRS NRRG 2 2 cre rtr EE eer cd aia ica iia CONFigureEETEEULE SRS PONWE rtt id as CONFig re ETEEUL SBRS STAT iniecit daras diosas Na epe ERU pA aca Saa dis asas EI ee UE KR NET er le EE CONFigureEETEEUL SRS Net D CONFig re E TEEUL UEID unici ana dia GoNFigureEETEEULEGGOSCGI BW eri terere sr ce toe t cita CONFig re l LTEFULECC SECR CV C Gu E CONFigure LTE UL CC lt cci gt DRS AOCC PE GoNFigureEETEFUL GGsccI P DRS DSSHIft
114. ected cestnneetecsenseeedeeennnseceeseunetercvsteneed eres 99 Customizing Reference Symbols eese nennen nnn 100 Importing and Exporting Limits eeeeeeeeeeeennneeennn nennen 101 Measurement BASICS ccuocioenania eiii 102 Symbols and Variables eiecti tree tenent ette ONENEAN n DR Xo nenne ias 102 W 103 The LTE Uplink Analysis Measurement Application 103 Ne rell le DEE 104 ANALYSIS ii SS A e A e t ES 105 MIMO Measurement Guide eese nennen nennen nnne nn 107 MIMO Measurements with Signal Anahyzers conocio 107 MIMO Measurements with Osclloscopes m 111 Performing Time Alignment Measurements eeeeeeeeeenen nnn 113 lee E 114 Remote CommaddS iii 116 Overview of Remote Command Suffixes eese 116 INTTOUCtION ie E E 117 Long and Short Fom nono nn cnc canon nennen EPEE nenne nennen nennen 117 WieIreinex i pcm 118 Optional KeyWords nme nene nn nemen enne EEREN nnns 118 Vertical Stroke emm 118 seduce 119 Remote Commands to Select a Result Display eene 121 Remote Commands to Perform Measurements eene 122 Remote Commands to Read Numeric Results seen 123 Remote Commands to Read Trace Data eee 130 Using the TRACe DATA Commande 130 Reading Out Limit C
115. eerta due npe tc c e e cad t gud 165 SENSe SWAPiq State This command turns a swap of the and Q branches on and off Remote Commands to Configure General Settings Parameters lt State gt ON OFF RST OFF Example SWAP ON Turns a swap of the and Q branches on INPut IQ FSOFfset Offset This command defines the location in an UO data file where the analysis starts Parameters lt Offset gt Time offset relative to the start offset of the I Q data Default unit S Example INP IQ FSOF 0 2 Defines an offset of 0 2 seconds 9 7 5 2 Configuring the Baseband Input l ise Te IM Pelada aia 165 INPUtIG BALanced ESTATE oi ai ri iii 165 SENSO PASS ESTA TO iia iaa 166 SENSe IQ DITHer STAT irr A aaa 166 INPut IQ IMPedance Impedance This command selects the input impedance for UO inputs Parameters Impedance LOW HIGH RST LOW Example INP IO IMP LOW Selects low input impedance for UO input INPut IQ BALanced STATe State This command selects if the UO inputs are symmetrical balanced or asymmetrical unbalanced Parameters State ON OFF RST ON Example INP IQ BAL ON Specifies symmetrical balanced IQ inputs 9 7 5 3 9 7 5 4 Remote Commands to Configure General Settings SENSe 1Q LPASs STATe State This command turns a baseband input lowpass filter on and off Parameters lt State gt ON OFF
116. emote command CONFigure NOCC on page 157 SENSe FREQuency CENTer CC cci on page 151 CC2 Demod settings see chapter 9 8 Remote Commands to Configure the Demodu lation on page 167 Configuring MIMO Measurement Setups The MIMO settings contain settings to configure a MIMO test setup and control the instruments in that test setup Configuring MIMO Measurement Setups The MIMO settings are part of the Analyzer Config MIMO Setup tab of the General Settings dialog box General Analyzer Config MIMO Setup Trigger Spectrum Advanced Configuration PUSCH MIMO Configuration 2 Tx Antennas y PUCCH MIMO Configuration 1 Tx Antenna Y SAS MIMO Configuration 1 Tx Antenna Y TX Antenna Selection All Analyzer Configuration Input Number of Analyzer Channel VISA RSC Channels Input Channel 1 Master TCPIP 192 0 2 0 1 gt 1 yl 2 MIMO Meute Te re 62 MIMO Analyzer Configuration cocinan a aka aeos 62 MIMO Configuration Selects the antenna configuration and test conditions for a MIMO system The MIMO configuration selects the number of transmit antennas for selected chan nels in the system MIMO configurations are supported for the PUSCH the PUCCH and the Sounding Reference Signal SRS For each channel you can select from a 1 2 or 4 antenna configuration In setups with multiple antennas the antenna selection defines the antenna you d like to test Note that as soon as you have selected
117. en B or screen C and screen D P Press the Split Screen softkey If you have configured more than two result displays these are still working in the background 2x2 split screen mode In 2x2 split screen mode the application shows the contents of four screens P Press the 2x2 Split Screen softkey Limitations For the Spectrum Emission Mask ACLR and Time Alignment measurements a maxi mum of two screens is possible By default the software shows the results in all four screens The screens are labeled A to D to the right of the measurement diagrams The label of the currently active screen is highlighted green M The currently active screen is the one settings are applied to Switch between the screens with the Screen A Screen B Screen C and Screen D hotkeys The background color of the software by default is black Apply another color via the Color Selection softkey and the corresponding dialog box Configuring the Software For documentation purposes the software provides a hardcopy function that lets you save the current results in one of the following formats e bmp e gif e jpeg e png e tiff Use the Hardcopy to Clipboard function to take a screenshot DISPlay WINDow lt n gt SELect on page 189 2 5 2 Configuring the Software The Setup menu contains various general software functions gt Press the SETUP key to access the Setup menu Configure Analyzer Connection Opens
118. epresents the frame that is currently ana lyzed A blue vertical line at the beginning of the green bar in the Capture Buffer display rep resents the subframe start Additionally the diagram contains the Start Offset value This value is the time difference between the subframe start and capture buffer start IESSE User Manual 1308 9135 42 15 33 R amp S FS K101 103 105PC Measurements and Result Displays When you zoom into the diagram you will see that the bar may be interrupted at cer tain positions Each small bar indicates the useful parts of the OFDM symbol Remote command Selecting the result display CALCulate lt n gt FEED PVT CBUF Querying results TRACe DATA Querying the subframe start offset FETCh SUMMary TFRame on page 130 Power vs Symbol x Carrier The Power vs Symbol x Carrier shows the power for each carrier in each symbol The horizontal axis represents the symbols The vertical axis represents the carriers Different colors in the diagram area represent the power The color map for the power levels is provided above the diagram area Power ys Symbol X Carrier 110 3 Power dBm 34 2 100 110 120 Symbol Number Remote command Selecting the result display CAL Culate lt n gt FEED SPEC PVSC Querying results TRACe DATA Time Alignment Error Starts the Time Alignment Error result display The time alignment is an indicator of how well the transmission antennas in a MIMO system are s
119. er mode 4009 let Ge O siii ita 63 Softkey COnSUSCIGCHOIMN east 47 DOMWANCIICENSE Jtr enira it eee rere Yared 14 Sounding Reference Signal Conf Index SRS rnnt thon teens 86 Freq Domain Pos n RRC 88 Hopping BW b hop 87 ui rrenat eege 86 Rel POWOLE tiesa easel eA 87 SRS Bandwidth B SRS 87 SRS BW Conf C SRS 86 SRS Cyclic Shift N CS 88 SRS Subframe Conf 286 Transm Comb K_TC eld Source INPUT ses uir nter rrr mr rre rtr t 54 Spectrum flatfless scit ceo onte ec deeg ee 43 Spectrum flatness difference 244 Spectrum flatness SRS 2 44 Spectrum mask 99 Standard Selection i252 Status Bal sei ici iu 25 Subframe Configuration Table ssessssssss 78 Suppressed interference synchronization 74 Cem M 67 T TDD UL DL Allocations sssesemn 76 Timing Error Title Bar Trigger level Trigger mode Trigger offset
120. er of layers for any allocation and the codebook index The number of layers of an allocation in combination with the number of code words determines the layer mapping The available number of layers depends on the number of transmission antennas Thus the maximum number of layers you can select is four The codebook index determines the precoding matrix The available number of indices depends on the number of transmission antennas in use The range is from 0 to 23 Remote command CONFigure LTE UL CC lt cci gt SUBFrame lt subframe gt ALLoc RATO on page 178 CONFigure LTE UL CC lt cci gt SUBFrame lt subframe gt ALLoc PRECoding CLMapping on page 176 CONFigure LTE UL CC lt cci gt SUBFrame lt subframe gt ALLoc PRECoding CBINdex on page 176 Enhanced Demodulation Reference Signal Configuration Configures the Demodulation Reference Signal in individual subframes Defining Uplink Signal Characteristics n 2 DMRS 0 Cyclic Shift Field 0 M Demodulation Reference Signal n 2 _DMRS Defines the part of the demodulation reference signal index that is part of the uplink scheduling assignment Thus this part of the index is valid for corresponding UE and subframe only The index applies when multiple shifts within a cell are used It is used for the calcula tion of the DMRS sequence Cyclic Shift Field If Activate DMRS With OCC is on the Cyclic Shift Field beco
121. es the result of the quadrature error limit check Return values lt LimitCheck gt The type of limit average or maximum that is queried depends on the last syntax element FAILED Limit check has failed PASSED Limit check has passed NOTEVALUATED Limits have not been evaluated Example CALC LIM SUMM QUAD RES Queries the limit check Usage Query only CAL Culate lt n gt LIMit lt k gt SUMMary SERRor MAXimum RESult CALCulate lt n gt LIMit lt k gt SUMMary SERRor AVERage RESult This command queries the results of the sampling error limit check Return values lt LimitCheck gt The type of limit average or maximum that is queried depends on the last syntax element FAILED Limit check has failed PASSED Limit check has passed NOTEVALUATED Limits have not been evaluated 9 7 9 7 1 9 7 1 1 Remote Commands to Configure General Settings Example CALC LIM SUMM SERR RES Queries the limit check Usage Query only Remote Commands to Configure General Settings e Remote Commands for General SettingS ccccceecesecceeeeeeencceeeseeeeeteeeneaees 150 e Configuring MIMO Measurement Getups nenn 157 e Using a Thig ii eee at aan 160 e Configuring Spectrum Measurements enne 161 e Remote Commands for Advanced Gettmges AE 164 Remote Commands for General Settings This chapter contains remote control commands necessary to control the general mea surement settings For more i
122. eturns one value for each trace point lt power gt The unit is always dBm Hz The following parameters are supported e TRACE1 9 6 1 18 Power vs Symbol x Carrier For the Power vs Symbol x Carrier the command returns one value for each resource element lt P Symbol 0 Carrier 1 gt lt P Symbol 0 Carrier n gt lt P Symbol 1 Carrier 1 gt lt P Symbol 1 Carrier n gt lt P Symbol pi Carrier 1 gt lt P Symbol n Carrier n gt with P Power of a resource element The unit is always dBm Resource elements that are unused return NAN The following parameters are supported e TRACE1 9 6 1 19 Spectrum Emission Mask For the SEM measurement the number and type of returns values depend on the parameter e TRACE1 Returns one value for each trace point lt absolute power gt The unit is always dBm e LIST Returns the contents of the SEM table For every frequency in the spectrum emis sion mask it returns nine values lt index gt lt start frequency in Hz gt lt stop frequency in Hz gt lt RBW in Hz gt lt limit fail frequency in Hz gt lt absolute power in dBm gt lt relative power in dBc gt lt limit distance in dB gt lt limit check result gt The limit check result is either a 0 for PASS or a 1 for FAIL Remote Commands to Read Trace Data 9 6 1 20 Return Value Codes This chapter contains a list for encoded return values
123. f the antenna ALL Shows the results for all antennas RST 1 Example SENS ANT SEL 2 Selects antenna 2 SENSe LTE SLOT SELect lt Slot gt This command selects the slot to analyze Parameters lt Slot gt So Slot 0 S1 Slot 1 ALL Both slots RST ALL Example SLOT SEL S1 Selects slot 1 for analysis SENSe LTE PREamble SELect lt Subframe gt This command selects a particular preamble for measurements that analyze individual preambles The command is available in PRACH analysis mode Parameters lt Subframe gt ALL Analyzes all preambles lt numeric value gt Selects the premable to analyze RST ALL Example PRE SEL ALL Analyzes all preambles SENSe LTE SUBFrame SELect lt Subframe gt This command selects the subframe to be analyzed 9 7 1 6 9 7 2 Remote Commands to Configure General Settings Parameters lt Subframe gt ALL lt numeric value gt ALL Select all subframes 0 39 Select a single subframe RST ALL Example SUBF SEL ALL Select all subframes for analysis Configuring Time Alignment Measurements Remote commands to configure Time Alignment measurements described elsewhere e SENSe FREQuency CENTer CC lt cci gt on page 151 chapter 9 8 Remote Commands to Configure the Demodulation on page 167 CON Le Ce 157 CONFigure NOCC lt Carriers gt This command selects the number of component carriers evaluated in the
124. f the tolerance limit to the SEM trace for the corre sponding frequency segment Negative distances indicate the trace is below the tolerance limit positive distances indicate the trace is above the tolerance limit Spectrum Emission Mask List Start Freq Rel Stop Freq Rel row Freq at A to Lir 15 50MHz 1 00MHz 0 9831731006 Remote command Selecting the result display C Querying results ACLR Starts the Adjacent Channel Leakage Ratio ACLR measurement The ACLR measurement analyzes the power of the transmission TX channel and the power of the two neighboring channels adjacent channels to the left and right of the TX channel Thus the ACLR measurement provides information about the power in the adjacent channels as well as the leakage into these adjacent channels The x axis represents the frequency with a frequency span that relates to the specified EUTRA LTE channel and adjacent channel bandwidths On the y axis the power is plotted in dBm By default the ACLR settings are based on the selected LTE Channel Bandwidth You can change the assumed adjacent channel carrier type and the Noise Correctio Adjacent Channel Power Assumed Adj Channel Carrier EUTRA same DA RBW 100 kHz Noise Correction FF SWT Category Category otr Y il i i v ni t ye a IA E P 2400 Frequency MHz User Manual 1308 9135 42 15 40 R amp S FS K101 103 105PC Measurements and Result Displays AAA
125. ference result display the command returns one value for each trace point lt relative power gt The unit is always dB The number of values depends on the selected LTE bandwidth The following parameters are supported e TRACE1 Returns the average power over all subframes e TRACE2 Returns the minimum power found over all subframes If you are analyzing a partic ular subframe it returns nothing e TRACE3 Returns the maximum power found over all subframes If you are analyzing a par ticular subframe it returns nothing Channel Flatness SRS For the Channel Flatness SRS result display the command returns one value for each trace point lt relative power gt The unit is always dB The following parameters are supported e TRACE1 Returns the average power over all subframes e TRACE2 Remote Commands to Read Trace Data Returns the minimum power found over all subframes If you are analyzing a partic ular subframe it returns nothing e TRACE3 Returns the maximum power found over all subframes If you are analyzing a par ticular subframe it returns nothing 9 6 1 9 Channel Group Delay For the Channel Group Delay result display the command returns one value for each trace point lt group delay gt The unit is always ns The number of values depends on the selected LTE bandwidth The following parameters are supported e TRACE1 Returns the average group delay over all subframes e TRACE2 Returns the
126. fig lt instrument gt IC Sequence lt ICSequence gt This command defines the sequence in which the oscilloscope channels are accessed Parameters lt ICSequence gt Example String containing a sequence of four numbers between 1 and 4 Each number represents an input channel CONF ACON ICS 1 3 2 4 Defines the sequence for an oscilloscope with four channels The channels are subsequently accessed in the order 1 gt 3 gt 2 4 CONFigure ACONfig lt instrument gt NCHannels lt NCHannels gt This command defines the number of oscilloscope channels you want to use Parameters lt NCHannels gt Example 1 2 3 4 The maximum number you can select depends on the number of channels of the oscilloscope you are using CONF ACON NCH 2 Defines a measurement on 2 channels CONFigure L TE UL MIMO ASELection Antenna This command selects the antenna for measurements with MIMO setups In case of Time Alignment measurements the command selects the reference antenna Remote Commands to Configure General Settings Parameters lt Antenna gt ANT1 ANT2 ANT3 ANT4 Select a single antenna to be analyzed ALL Select all antennas to be analyzed Example CONF UL MIMO ASEL ANT2 Selects antenna 2 to be analyzed CONFigure LTE UL MIMO PUCCh CONFig lt NofAntennas gt This command selects the number of antennas for the PUCCH in a MIMO setup Parameters lt NofAntennas gt TX1 Use 1 antenna TX2 Use
127. frames on page 78 Remote command CONFigure LTE UL PUCCh NPAR on page 186 Defining the PRACH Structure The PRACH structure settings contain settings that describe the physical attributes and structure of the PUCCH The PRACH structure setup is part of the Uplink Advanced Signal Characteristics tab of the Demodulation Settings dialog box Uplink Demodulation Settings Uplink Signal Characteristics Uplink Advanced Signal Characteristics M PRACH Structure PRACH Configuration Kn Nes Conf Een Auto Preamble Mapping D Restricted Set E Logical Root Sequ Ide 0 Freq Res Index E y Frequency Offset E Sequence Index v uto y Half Frame Ind t1 R LW PRACH Confouratton senten ener enne nennen nnn sentent 92 Rasted SOB EE 92 BC Ee da 92 Nes COn as 93 Logical ROGE Seth e ET 93 Sequence INDEX V erc i pei A A e reet us 93 PRACH Preamble Mapping 93 PRACH Configuration Sets the PRACH configuration index as defined in the 3GPP TS 36 211 e defines the subframes in which random access preamble transmission is allowed The preamble format is automatically derived form the PRACH Configuration Remote command CONFigure LTE UL PRACh CONF on page 187 Restricted Set Selects whether a restricted preamble set high speed mode or the unrestricted pre amble set normal mode will be used Remote command CONFigure LTE UL PRACh RSET on page 187 Frequency Offset For
128. frequency e Mode Link direction duplexing cyclic prefix and maximum number of physical resource blocks PRBs signal bandwidth e CP Cell Grp ID Shows the cell identity information e Sync State The following synchronization states may occur OK The synchronization was successful FAIL The synchronization has failed SCPI Command SENSe SYNC STATe on page 123 e Master Ref Level Shows the reference level of the master analyzer e Capture Time Frame Shows the capture length in ms In PRACH analysis mode it also shows the preamble that is currently analyzed 2 5 Configuring the Software This chapter contains information about general software functionality User Manual 1308 9135 42 15 25 Configuring the Software 2 5 1 Configuring the Display The Display menu contains functionality to improve the display and documentation of results gt Press the DISP key The application features four screens or result displays Each of the screens may contain a different result display The number of visible screens depends on the screen layout Full screen mode In full screen mode the application shows the contents a single screen gt Press the Full Screen softkey If you have configured more than one result displays these are still working in the background Split screen mode In split screen mode the application shows the contents of two screens either screen A and scre
129. gt RST 30 dBm Default unit DBM Example CONF POW EXP RF3 20 Sets the radio frequency reference level used by analyzer 3 to 20 dBm CONFigure POWer EXPected IQ instrument lt RefLevel gt This command defines the reference level when the input source is baseband Parameters lt RefLevel gt lt numeric value gt Range 31 6 mV to 5 62 V RST 1V Default unit V Example CONF POW EXP 1Q02 3 61 Sets the baseband reference level used by analyzer 2 to 3 61 V Remote Commands to Configure General Settings INPut lt n gt ATTenuation lt instrument gt lt Attenuation gt This command sets the RF attenuation level Parameters lt Attenuation gt lt numeric value gt RST 5 dB Default unit dB Example INP ATT 10 Defines an RF attenuation of 10 dB DISPlay WINDow lt n gt TRACe lt t gt Y SCALe RLEVel OFFSet lt Attenuation gt This command selects the external attenuation or gain applied to the RF signal Parameters lt Attenuation gt lt numeric value gt RST 0 Default unit dB Example DISP TRAC Y RLEV OFFS 10 Sets an external attenuation of 10 dB 9 7 1 4 Configuring the Data Capture SENSe SWEep TIME cseescseescssesesecseseesesssssssssssetsssstessstssvensevsteevsnsevstsevsnsavansvacsatsen 153 GENSSILUTEIERAMe GOUNG STATe t tetenetettttttttt tst ens 153 ISENSeELTEIERAMeCOUN ttt ttt ttt ttt te attt tta tasa 154
130. has more than one interfaces e g sev eral LAN cards Address Defines the address of the instrument The type of content depends on the interface type e GPIB Address Primary GPIB address of the analyzer Possible values are in the range from 0 to 31 The default GPIB address for an R amp S instruments is 20 Available for IEEE bus systems using the IEEE 488 protocol The interface type is GPIB e P Address or Computer Name Name or host address TCP IP of the computer Available for LAN bus systems using either the VXI 11 protocol or a Rohde amp Schwarz specific protocol RSIB The interface type is either LAN VXI 11 or LAN RSIB 2 3 2 2 3 2 1 Connecting the Computer to an Analyzer Contact your local IT support for information on free IP addresses The RSIB protocol is supported by all firmware version of the R amp S analyzers and oscilloscopes The VXI 11 protocol is supported as of R amp S FSQ firmware version 3 65 and by all firmware version of the R amp S FSV R R amp S FSG and oscilloscopes e Complete VISA Resource String Allows you to enter the complete VISA resource string manually A VISA string is made up out of the elements mentioned above separated by double colons e g GPIB 20 INSTR Available for interface type Free Entry Subsystem Shows the subsystem in use Typically you do not have to change the subsystem VISA RSC Shows or defines the complete VISA resource string S
131. he test is passed The software labels the limit line to indicate whether the limit check has passed or failed The x axis represents the frequency with a frequency span that relates to the specified EUTRA LTE channel bandwidths On the y axis the power is plotted in dBm The result display also contains some numerical results for the SEM measurement for example the total signal power or the limit check result Spectrum Emission Mask Limit Check SWT 439 0ms Detector RMS 2400 Frequency MHz A table above the result display contains the numerical values for the limit check at each check point e Start Stop Freq Rel Shows the start and stop frequency of each section of the Spectrum Mask relative to the center frequency e RBW Shows the resolution bandwidth of each section of the Spectrum Mask e Freq at A to Limit Shows the absolute frequency whose power measurement being closest to the limit line for the corresponding frequency segment e Power Abs Shows the absolute measured power of the frequency whose power is closest to the limit The software evaluates this value for each frequency segment User Manual 1308 9135 42 15 39 R amp S FS K101 103 105PC Measurements and Result Displays e Power Rel Shows the distance from the measured power to the limit line at the frequency whose power is closest to the limit The software evaluates this value for each fre quency segment e Ato Limit Shows the minimal distance o
132. he diagram area gt Open the context menu and select the Marker menu item When the marker is active the software puts a check mark in front of the Marker menu item When you turn it on the software positions the marker on the trace maximum After that you can move it around freely to any point of the trace In result displays that contain more than one trace for example EVM vs Carrier you can select the trace the marker is positioned on Peak Minimum or Average trace with the Set Marker To menu item Note that Set Marker To is only available if a marker is already active Marker positioning If you try to put the marker on a coordinate not occupied by the trace the software puts the marker to the nearest trace maximum if you place it above the trace or the near est trace minimum if you place it below the trace The marker coordinates are displayed in the upper left area of the diagram The first number shows the vertical position the second number the horizontal position of the marker including the units If you want to reposition the marker on the trace maximum after moving it around you have to first deactivate the marker and then reactivate it To deactivate the marker open the context menu and reselect the Marker menu item o Note that the marker is not available for all measurements and result displays Displaying data points In result displays that contain a line trace only for example the
133. heck Results 140 Remote Commands to Configure General SettidQS ooconnnicnnccinnannnnennnacanncnnnnnas 150 User Manual 1308 9135 42 15 5 9 7 1 Remote Commands for General Gettngs nene 150 9 7 2 Configuring MIMO Measurement Setups naar cnica 157 9 7 3 USING Trigger a ais 160 9 7 4 Configuring Spectrum Measurement rn nn anna enne 161 9 7 5 Remote Commands for Advanced Settings ccccccceecceeeseeeceeeeeeseeeeeeeeeessceeeseees 164 9 8 Remote Commands to Configure the Demodulation sss 167 9 8 1 Remote Commands for UL Demodulation Gettngs eere ere reser neee 167 9 8 2 Remote Commands for UL Signal Characherlstlce sss 171 9 8 3 Remote Commands for UL Advanced Signal Charactertsttce eese 178 9 9 Configuring the Software saviccciccc csccrscccecescetecnscecestecesstesdeccsecsensetsccaeceascceessceteccczensss 189 9 10 Managing FileS iicccciissccceccisceccsscesscscececedscceteeescossecetesssocceecsseastereescansccetacasscceteceassnetees 190 EASE OR COMMANO Seite 192 jj oun 197 R amp S FS K101 103 105PC Introduction 1 1 1 Introduction Currently UMTS networks worldwide are being upgraded to high speed downlink packet access HSDPA in order to increase data rate and capacity for downlink packet data In the next step high speed uplink packet access HSUPA will boost uplink per formance in UMTS networks While HSDPA was introduced
134. iagram Constellation Selection D Demodulation Reference Signal Delta Sequ nce Sit uiii ont hr enr rt 85 Group Hopping nmi m Relative Power PUCCH erento 85 Relative Power PUSCH 84 fpe EH 83 Sequence HOPPING BEE 84 DFT precoding constellation oooononnnnnnnnninnnnncnacccnonanno 46 Digital Input Data Rate eter mn toes 69 pj e 68 E EVM ys Cami uci etario 35 EVM vs subframe 38 EVM vs symbol 36 EVM vs symbol x carrier rd External AtGnua tin socio anio dete 56 F Frame Number Offset eem rhe renean 78 ETEQUECY e 53 Full Scale Level EE 69 H Header Table irn ar 25 l Identity Physical Layer 78 Inband MISSION uti ei ce 42 Input Source ote ale E L Be UE 68 M Measurement ACER T M 40 allocation summary 1 48 bit stream 49 capture buffer dd CGDEF ener 48 channel flatness grdel eee 45 constellation uz edet erm tic rt rures ede 46 DFT precod constell 246 EVM error vector magnitude si 39 EVM vs Carriere si 90 EVM vs subframe EOS EVM vs sym x carr eet EVM VS SVMDOI titanio ado 36 INDANGSMISSION sssini datada 42 uan 30 MSGina 48 numerical sis 90 power spectrum wee 42 power vs sym x Carr we 34 PVT power over time
135. ied file Usage Setting only Managing Files MMEMory STORe DEModsetting lt Path gt k Stores the current demodulation settings to a file The resulting file type is alloca tion Existing files will be overwritten Setting parameters lt Path gt String containing the path and name of the file Example MMEM STOR DEM D USER Settingsfile allocation Usage Setting only MMEMory STORe IQ STATe lt Path gt This command saves UO data to a file Setting parameters lt Path gt String containing the path and name of the target file Example MMEM STOR IQ STAT IC R_S Instr user data iq tar Saves UO data to the specified file Usage Setting only List of Commands SENSe FREQuency CEN Teri ESCOCIA iii a 151 SENS NQ el RER MT DEE 166 SENSeJ IQ EPASSESTATE E 166 SENSeJ POWer ACHannelL AACbHAaaririel 2 0 ota eter iii 163 SENSeEPOWer AUTOSinstr metits EE 166 SENSe POWERAUTO lt instiument STAT 8 ccoo errores 152 SENSe POWer NCORTECHON iris as 163 SENSE EPOWerSEM UL REQUIRE E ccr eere tenerae us pa ee E RV EEUU XM PUES DEVE HT EX LAV TREE Sn SYST eeu d 162 SENSO SWAP Quentin eate b rtp er Aaa SENSe SWEep EGATe AUTO SENS SWE p TIME tentar SENSE SYNCESTA CIE 123 SENSe E EL TET ANTerina SELGCGL riior rrr ertt rtr e rene nta encre rn doen aane 155 E KEE NR EE e LE 154 SENSe LTE FRAME COUNEAUT O escoria A as 154 SENSe E TEE
136. iguring Out the GPIB address 1 Press the SETUP key 2 Press the General Setup softkey 3 Press the GPIB softkey 4 Press the GPIB Address softkey The R amp S FSV R opens a dialog box that shows its current GPIB address GPIB Address X Figuring Out the IP address 1 Press the SETUP key 2 Press the General Setup softkey 3 Press the Network Address softkey 4 Press the IP Address softkey Connecting the Computer to an Analyzer The R amp S FSV R opens a dialog box that contains information about the LAN con nection Qs Current Network Parameters DHCP Mode Actual DHCP Network Settings 10 114 11 36 current IP Address assigned by DHCP 255 255 0 0 current Subnet Mask assigned by DHCP Cancel 2 3 2 3 Figuring Out the Address of an R amp S FSW Follow these steps to figure out the GPIB or IP address of an R amp S FSW Figuring Out the GPIB address 1 Press the SETUP key 2 Press the Network Remote softkey The R amp S FSW opens the Network amp Remote dialog box 3 Select the GPIB tab The R amp S FSW shows information about the GPIB connection including the GPIB address Network GPIB Compatibility LXI GPIB Address 20 Figuring Out the IP address 1 Press the SETUP key 2 Press the Network Remote softkey The R amp S FSW opens the Network amp Remote dialog box and shows its current IP address in the corresponding field Application Overview Net
137. ill ask you to select a file that contains the data To save data enter the file manager and save the data with Save IQ Data Binary format iqw format In case of the binary iqw format the data is expected in 32 bit floating point format This format is also known as Little Endian LSB Order or Intel format 7 2 Managing Frame Data Example The hexadecimal value 0x1D86E7BB would be decoded to 7 0655481E 3 For single antenna measurements the order of the UO data is either IQIQIQ or Il IQQ Q For MIMO measurements you also have to consider the antenna in the order of the data with alternating and Q data for every antenna Q antenna index symbol index Example For a two antenna system the string of data would like 10 0 Q0 0 11 0 Q1 0 10 1 Q0 1 11 1 Q1 1 10 2 Q0 2 Binary format iq tar format In case of the iq tar format the I Q data is stored in a compressed format with the file extension iq tar An iq tar file contains UO data in binary format together with meta information that describes the nature and the source of data e g the sample rate The objective of the iq tar file format is to separate I Q data from the meta information while still having both inside one file In addition the file format allows you to preview the l Q data in a web browser and allows you to include customized data An iq tar file must contain the following files e Q parameter XML file C
138. in 8 4 8 4 1 MIMO Measurement Guide Other measurement variables Without going into detail the EUTRA LTE uplink measurement application additionally provides the following results e Total power e Constellation diagram e Group delay e Q offset e Crest factor e Spectral flatness MIMO Measurement Guide Performing MIMO measurements requires additional equipment that allows you to cap ture multiple data streams e Several signal analyzers the number depending on the number of data streams you have to capture Alternatively you can use an oscilloscope with multiple channels the number of channels also depending on the number of data streams you have to capture e Atleast one analyzer equipped with option R amp S FS x K103 PC that unlocks MIMO functionality True MIMO measurements are useful to verifiy MIMO precoding implementations for setups where it is not possible to decode the transmit data using only one antenna e g applying spatial multiplexing MIMO precoding with more than 1 layer and to mea sure the hardware performance of the MIMO transmitter hardware in a true MIMO measurement setup MIMO Measurements with Signal Analyzers MIMO measurements require multiple signal analyzers The number depends on the number of data streams you have to capture For valid measurement results the frequencies of the analyzers in the test setup have to be synchronized It is also necessary to configure the trigger sy
139. ination with an external or IF power trigger Parameters State ON Evaluates the on period of the LTE signal only OFF Evaluates the complete signal Example SWE EGAT AUTO ON Turns auto gating on Remote Commands to Configure General Settings 9 7 4 2 Configuring Spectrum Flatness Measurements SENSe EETEESFLatrness ECONGIUDRS 2 iret etre SEENEN SES 164 SENSe EL TEL SL atmese OBANd iin eiaa arre nr nnns 164 SENSe LTE SFLatness ECONditions State This command turns extreme conditions for spectrum flatness measurements on and off Parameters State ON OFF RST OFF Example SFL ECON ON Turns extreme conditions on SENSe L TE SFLatness OBANd lt NofSubbands gt This command selects the operating band for spectrum flatness Measurements Parameters NofSubbands numeric value Range 1 to 40 RST 1 Example SFL OBAN 10 Selects operating band 10 9 7 5 Remote Commands for Advanced Settings This chapter contains all remote control commands to control the advanced settings For more information on advanced settings see chapter 4 5 Advanced Settings on page 66 e Controlling WO Data oce encre etc e e ree Re DR REALES 164 e Configuring the Baseband Input 165 e Using Advanced Input Gettngs enne 166 e Configuring the Digital VQ Input tren rd 166 9 7 5 1 Controlling UO Data RANES ci anda lat 164 NPPut ICE ESO faa taies ndg d
140. ion reference signal is based on 3GPP The structure of the DRS is based on the 3GPP standard If you are using a DRS based on 3GPP you have to set all parame ters in the Demodulation Reference Signal settings group They have to be the same as those of the signal generator Defining Advanced Signal Characteristics UO File The structure of the DRS is customized Move the file that contains the signal definition into the default direc tory For more information see chapter 7 3 Customizing Reference Symbols on page 100 Remote command CONFigure LTE UL CC lt cci gt DRS SEQuence on page 180 Group Hopping Turns group hopping for the demodulation reference signal on and off The group hopping pattern is based on 17 hopping patterns and 30 sequence shift pat terns It is generated by a pseudo random sequence generator If on PUSCH and PUCCH use the same group hopping pattern Remote command CONFigure LTE UL CC cci DRS GRPHopping on page 179 Sequence Hopping Turns sequence hopping for the uplink demodulation reference signal on and off Sequence hopping is generated by a pseudo random sequence generator Remote command CONFigure LTE UL CC lt cci gt DRS SEQHopping on page 180 Relative Power PUSCH Defines the power of the DMRS relative to the power level of the PUSCH allocation in the corresponding subframe Ppyns oftset The effective power level of the DMRS depends on the allocation
141. iples are allowed in order to simplify the DFT design in uplink signal processing Only factors 2 3 and 5 are allowed The uplink transmission time interval TTI is 1 ms same as downlink User data is carried on the Physical Uplink Shared Channel PUSCH that is deter mined by the transmission bandwidth NTx and the frequency hopping pattern kO Long Term Evolution Uplink Transmission Scheme The Physical Uplink Control Channel PUCCH carries uplink control information e g COl reports and ACK NACK information related to data packets received in the down link The PUCCH is transmitted on a reserved frequency region in the uplink 1 2 4 Uplink Reference Signal Structure Uplink reference signals are used for two different purposes on the one hand they are used for channel estimation in the eNodeB receiver in order to demodulate control and data channels On the other hand the reference signals provide channel quality infor mation as a basis for scheduling decisions in the base station The latter purpose is also called channel sounding The uplink reference signals are based on CAZAC Constant Amplitude Zero Auto Correlation sequences 1 2 5 Uplink Physical Layer Procedures For EUTRA the following uplink physical layer procedures are especially important Non synchronized random access Random access may be used to request initial access as part of handover when tran siting from idle to connected or to re establish uplink
142. is active Remote command CONFigure LTE UL CC lt cci gt PUSCh FHOFfset on page 184 Number of Subbands Defines the number of subbands reserved for PUSCH For more information refer to 3GPP TS 36 211 chapter 5 5 3 2 Mapping to Physical Resources for the Sounding Reference Signal Remote command CONFigure LTE UL CC lt cci gt PUSCh NOSM on page 184 Defining Advanced Signal Characteristics 5 3 4 Defining the PUCCH Structure The PUCCH structure settings contain settings that describe the physical attributes and structure of the PUCCH The PUSCH structure setup is part of the Uplink Advanced Signal Characteristics tab of the Demodulation Settings dialog box Uplink Demodulation Settings Uplink Signal Characteristics Uplink Advanced Signal Characteristics M PUCCH Structure No of RBs forPUCCH 0 N Les B Format Fl Delta Shift 2 NI2LRB 1 N_PUCCH Io E e E 90 Deka E 90 MUERE 91 A MIL E nner 91 A viene E ss eect E ean EEEN 91 o NER RR D NO NE RPM EE 91 No of RBs for PUCCH Defines the number of resource blocks reserved for PUCCH The resource blocks for PUCCH are always allocated at the edges of the LTE spec trum In case of an even number of PUCCH resource blocks half of the available PUCCH resource blocks is allocated on the lower the other half on the upper edge of the LTE spectrum outermost resource blocks In case of an odd number of PUCCH resource blocks the
143. ith editing the value or installing the drivers Ordering licenses In case of registered licenses the license key code is based on the serial number of the R amp S FSPC smartcard Thus you need to know the serial number when you order a new license 1 Start the software without a connected dongle 2 Press the SETUP key 3 Press the Dongle License Info softkey The software opens the Rohde amp Schwarz License Information dialog box Detected Smartcard s Serial MAC Chip ID 100069 1310 0002K02 100069 Na 2044D50F2D44 Card Option Option T Licenses Validity P 1 FS K130PC 2011 09 22 08 28 Permanent 1 permanent 081136917622005249260395431512 1 FS K96PC 2011 09 22 08 28 Permanent 1 permanent 395057444509254062060722725161 4 Connect the smartcard dongle to the computer 2 2 2 3 2 3 1 Installing the Software 5 Press the Check Licenses button The software shows all current licenses The serial number which is necessary to know if you need a license is shown in the Serial column The Device ID also contains the serial number 6 To enter a new license code press the Enter License Key Code button Installing the Software For information on the installation procedure see the release notes of the software Connecting the Computer to an Analyzer In order to be able to communicate with an analyzer R amp S FSQ R amp S FSG R amp S FSV R amp S
144. l host e g TCPIC LocalHost Overview of Remote Command Suffixes E 116 o Dier E 117 Remote Commands to Select a Result Display 121 Remote Commands to Perform Measurements eese 122 Remote Commands to Read Numeric HResuhts sess 123 Remote Commands to Read Trace Data seen 130 Remote Commands to Configure General Settings ssesssss 150 Remote Commands to Configure the Demodulaton 167 CONNGUMING INE SWIG ocn rrt et ve e rt Ent e RP ed eaa 189 Managing SS T H 190 Overview of Remote Command Suffixes This chapter provides an overview of all suffixes used for remote commands in the LTE application Suffix Range Description allocation 0 to 99 Selects an allocation instrument 1to8 Selects an instrument for MIMO measurements antenna 2to4 Selects an antenna for MIMO measurements lt cci gt 1to2 Selects a component carrier lt cluster gt 1to2 Selects a cluster uplink only lt cwnum gt 1ton Selects a codeword lt k gt Selects a limit line Irrelevant for the LTE soft ware 9 2 Introduction Suffix Range Description lt m gt Selects a marker Irrelevant for the LTE soft ware lt n gt 1to4 Selects a measurement win dow lt subframe gt 0 to 39 Selects a subframe lt t gt Selects a trace Irrelevant for the LTE appli cation
145. late lt n gt LIMit lt k gt FAIL This command queries the limit check results for all measurements that feature a limit check Return values lt LimitCheck gt Returns two values one for the upper and one for the lower adjacent or alternate channel 0 Limit check has passed 1 Limit check has failed Example CALC LIM FAIL Queries the limit check of the active result display Usage Query only CALCulate lt n gt MARKer lt m gt FUNCtion POWer RESult CURRent lt ResultType gt This command queries the current results of the ACLR measurement or the total signal power level of the SEM measurement 9 6 2 2 Remote Commands to Read Trace Data To get a valid result you have to perform a complete measurement with synchroniza tion to the end of the measurement before reading out the result This is only possible for single sweeps Suffix lt m gt 1 Query parameters lt ResultType gt CPOW This parameter queries the signal power of the SEM measure ment Return values lt Result gt SEMResults Power level in dBm ACLRResults Relative power levels of the ACLR channels The number of return values depends on the number of transmission and adja cent channels The order of return values is lt TXChannelPower gt is the power of the transmission channel in dBm e lt LowerAdjChannelPower is the relative power of the lower adjacent channel in dB e lt UpperAdjChannelPower gt is the relative power of
146. lects the requirements for a spectrum emission mask Parameters Requirement GEN NS3 N84 NS67 GEN General spectrum emission mask NS3 N84 NS67 Spectrum emission masks with additional requirements Example POW SEM UL REQ NS3 Selects a spectrum emission mask with requirement for network signalled value NS3 Remote Commands to Configure General Settings SENSe POWer ACHannel AACHannel lt Channel gt This command selects the assumed adjacent channel carrier for ACLR measurements Parameters lt Channel gt EUTRA Selects an EUTRA signal of the same bandwidth like the TX channel as assumed adjacent channel carrier UTRA128 Selects an UTRA signal with a bandwidth of 1 28MHz as assumed adjacent channel carrier UTRA384 Selects an UTRA signal with a bandwidth of 3 84MHz as assumed adjacent channel carrier UTRA768 Selects an UTRA signal with a bandwidth of 7 68MHz as assumed adjacent channel carrier RST EUTRA Example POW ACH AACH UTRA384 Selects an UTRA signal with a bandwidth of 3 84MHz as assumed adjacent channel carrier SENSe POWer NCORrection lt State gt This command turns noise correction for ACLR measurements on and off Parameters lt State gt ON OFF RST OFF Example POW NCOR ON Activates noise correction SENSe SWEep EGATe AUTO State This command turns auto gating for SEM and ACLR measurements on and off This command is available for TDD measurements in comb
147. led DMRS configuration param eters do not reflect the current parameters used for the synchronization Also note that it can happen that the software successfully synchronizes on non 3GPP sig nals without a warning Automatic demodulation is not available if the Suppressed Interference Synchroniza tion is active Remote command SENSe LTE UL DEMod ACON on page 169 Subframe Configuration Detection Turns the detection of the subframe configuration on and off Configuring Uplink Signal Demodulation Upon activation the software compares the current demodulated LTE frame to the subframe configuration you have set Only if the signal is consistent with the configura tion the software will further analyze the LTE frame If inactive the software analyzes the signal even if it is not consistent with the current subframe configuration Subframe configuration detection is available if Auto Demodulation is turned off Remote command SENSe LTE UL FORMat SCD on page 169 Suppressed Interference Synchronization Turns suppressed interference synchronization on and off If active the synchronization on signals containing more than one user equipment UE is more robust Additionally the EVM is lower in case the UEs have different frequency offsets Note that Auto Demodulation is not supported in this synchronization mode and the EVM may be higher in case only one UE is present in the signal Remote command
148. long form in the manual For the instrument the case does not matter 9 2 2 9 2 3 9 2 4 Introduction Example SENSe FREQuency CENTer is the same as SENS FREQ CENT Numeric Suffixes Some keywords have a numeric suffix if the command can be applied to multiple instances of an object In that case the suffix selects a particular instance e g a mea surement window Numeric suffixes are indicated by angular brackets lt n gt next to the keyword If you don t use a suffix for keywords that support one it is treated as a 1 Example DISPlay WINDow lt 1 4 gt ZOOM STATe enables the zoom in a particular mea surement window selected by the suffix at WINDow DISPlay WINDow4 ZOOM STATe ON refers to window 4 Optional Keywords Some keywords are optional and are only part of the syntax because of SCPI compli ance You can include them in the header or not Note that if an optional keyword has a numeric suffix and you need to use the suffix you have to include the optional keyword Otherwise the suffix is recognized as a 1 Optional keywords are emphasized with square brackets Example Without a numeric suffix in the optional keyword SENSe FREQuency CENTer is the same as FREQuency CENTer With a numeric suffix in the optional keyword DISPlay WINDow lt 1 4 gt ZOOM STATe DISPlay ZOOM STATe ON enables the zoom in window 1 no suffix DISPlay WINDow4
149. lows you to capture those parts of the signal that you are really interested In While the software runs freely and analyzes all signal data in its default state no mat ter if the signal contains information or not a trigger initiates a measurement only under certain circumstances the trigger event The software supports several trigger modes or sources e Free Run Starts the measurement immediately and measures continuously e External The trigger event is the level of an external trigger signal The measurement starts when this signal meets or exceeds a specified trigger level at the Ext Trigger Gate input Some measurement devices have several trigger ports When you use one of these you can additionally select the trigger port 1 to 3 you want to use e IF Power The trigger event is the IF power level The measurement starts when the IF power meets or exceeds a specified power trigger level e Trigger Unit FS Z11 The R amp S FS Z11 is a trigger unit designed to control triggers in MIMO measure ment setups Note that the trigger unit is not compatible with oscilloscope measurements For more information see Measurements with the R amp S FS Z11 trigger unit on page 110 and the documentation of the R amp S FS Z11 You can define a power level for an external and an IF power trigger For most trigger sources you can select the trigger slope The trigger slope defines whether triggering occurs when the signal rises to the t
150. lt numeric value gt RST 11 Example CONF UL SUBF8 ALL RBC 8 Subframe 8 consists of 8 resource blocks CONFigure LTE UL CC lt cci gt SUBFrame lt subframe gt ALLoc CLUSter lt cluster gt RBOFfset lt Offset gt This command defines the resource block offset in an uplink subframe Parameters lt RBOffset gt lt numeric value gt RST 2 Example CONF UL SUBF8 ALL RBOF 5 Subframe 8 has a resource block offset of 5 CONFigure LTE UL CC lt cci gt SUBFrame lt subframe gt ALLoc CONT Content This command allocates a PUCCH or PUSCH to an uplink allocation Parameters lt Content gt NONE Turns off the PUSCH and the PUCCH PUCCh Turns on the PUCCH PUSCh Turns on the PUSCH PSCC Turns on the PUCCH as well as the PUSCH RST PUSC Remote Commands to Configure the Demodulation Example CONF UL SUBF8 ALL CONT PUCC Subframe 8 contains a PUCCH CONFigure LTE UL CC lt cci gt SUBFrame lt subframe gt ALLoc MODulation lt Modulation gt This command selects the modulation of an uplink allocation Parameters lt Modulation gt QPSK QAM16 QAM64 RST QPSK Example CONF UL SUBF8 ALL MOD QPSK The modulation of the allocation in subframe 8 is QPSK CONFigure LTE UL CC lt cci gt SUBFrame lt subframe gt ALLoc PRECoding CBINdex lt CBIndex gt This command selects the codebook index for a PUSCH allocation Parameters lt CBIndex gt Range 0 to 5 RST 0 Example CONF UL
151. m FETCh SUMMary QUADerror MINimum FETCh SUMMary QUADerror AVERage This command queries the quadrature error Return values lt QuadError gt lt numeric value gt Minimum maximum or average quadrature error depending on the last command syntax element Default unit deg Example FETC SUMM QUAD Returns the current mean quadrature error in degrees Usage Query only FETCh SUMMary SERRor MAXimum FETCh SUMMary SERRor MINimum FETCh SUMMary SERRor AVERage This command queries the sampling error Return values lt SamplingError gt lt numeric value gt Minimum maximum or average sampling error depending on the last command syntax element Default unit ppm Example FETC SUMM SERR Returns the current mean sampling error in ppm Usage Query only Remote Commands to Read Trace Data FETCh SUMMary TFRame This command queries the sub frame start offset as shown in the Capture Buffer result display Note that you have to select a particular subframe otherwise the command returns an error Return values lt Offset gt Time difference between the sub frame start and capture buffer start Default unit s Example FETC SUMM TFR Returns the sub frame start offset Usage Query only FETCh TAERror CC lt cci gt ANTenna lt antenna gt MAXimum FETCh TAERror CC lt cci gt ANTenna lt antenna gt MINimum FETCh TAERror CC lt cci gt ANTenna lt antenna gt AVERage This
152. measurement result settings contain settings that define certain aspects of the results that are displayed The result settings are part of the General Settings tab of the General Settings dia log box General Analyzer Config MIMO Setup Trigger Spectrum Advanced Result Settings EVM Unit y Bit Stream Format Symbols y Carrier Axes Hertz y Subframe Selection ALL M Slot Selection ALL M Antenna Selection ALL e Elei 58 Bit Stream FOMMAG sure a a a suai eras a aT erasa rre ads 58 CAEL PROS ed deeg EE TE ia IER 59 Subframe SOC ecce iaa io eee cr eer t D tbc eae cec b n HE RR dan 59 Sit Select No pa 60 Preamble Gelechon nennen enne nennen nnn nenne nns nennen nns 60 Antenna Selecton 1 eee terne retra haa a a n naa nkE o a baa pb TE a aae a veau a ata aaa aa dna 60 EVM Unit Selects the unit for graphic and numerical EVM measurement results Possible units are dB and 96 Remote command UNIT EVM on page 155 Bit Stream Format Selects the way the bit stream is displayed The bit stream is either a stream of raw bits or of symbols In case of the symbol for mat the bits that belong to a symbol are shown as hexadecimal numbers with two dig its Examples B Bit Stream Sub Modulation Symbo Bit Stream frame OU uj O iO Fig 4 1 Bit stream display in uplink application if the bit stream format is set to symbols User Manual 1308 9135 42 15 58 R amp S FS K101 103 105PC
153. mes available to define the cyclic shift field The Cyclic Shift Field is signalled by the PDCCH downlink channel in DCI format O and 4 It selects n 2 _DMRS and the orthogonal sequence OCC for signals according to LTE release 10 If the Cyclic Shift Field is off the demodulation reference signal is configured by the n 2 DMRS parameter Remote command CONFigure LTE UL CC lt cci gt SUBFrame lt subframe gt ALLoc PUSCh NDMRs on page 177 CONFigure LTE UL CC lt cci gt SUBFrame lt subframe gt ALLoc PUSCh CSFieldon page 177 Enhanced PUCCH Configuration Configures the PUSCH in individual subframes PUCCH Format Fl m n PUCCH 0 n_PUCCH Defines the n_PUCCH parameter for the selected subframe Available only if you have selected Per Subframe for the N_PUCCH PUCCH Format Selects the PUCCH format for the selected subframe Available only if you have selected Per Subframe for the Format Remote command n PUCCH CONFigure LTE UL CC lt cci gt SUBFrame lt subframe gt ALLoc PUCCh NPAR on page 177 Format CONFigure LTE UL CC cci SUBFrame subframe ALLoc PUCCh FORMat on page 176 Defining Advanced Signal Characteristics 5 3 Defining Advanced Signal Characteristics 5 3 1 The uplink advanced signal characteristics contain settings that describe the detailed structure of an uplink LTE signal You can find the advanced signal characteristics in the Demo
154. mmercial aspects such as costs for installing and operating the network were considered Based on these requirements technical concepts for the air interface transmission schemes and protocols were studied Notably LTE uses new multiple access schemes on the air interface orthogonal frequency division multiple access OFDMA in downlink and single carrier frequency division multiple access SC FDMA in uplink Furthermore MIMO antenna schemes form an essential part of LTE In an attempt to simplify protocol architecture LTE brings some major changes to the exist ing UMTS protocol concepts Impact on the overall network architecture including the core network is being investigated in the context of 3GPP system architecture evolu tion SAE e Requirements for UMTS Long Term Evolutton 7 e Long Term Evolution Uplink Transmission Gcheme AA 9 Iii 15 EE 13 Requirements for UMTS Long Term Evolution LTE is focusing on optimum support of packet switched PS services Main require ments for the design of an LTE system are documented in 3GPP TR 25 913 1 and can be summarized as follows User Manual 1308 9135 42 15 7 R amp S FS K101 103 105PC Introduction e Data Rate Peak data rates target 100 Mbps downlink and 50 Mbps uplink for 20 MHz spectrum allocation assuming two receive antennas and one transmit antenna are at the terminal e Throughput The target for downlink average user throughput per MHz is three to four times bette
155. n estimation mo Agata fine Customzed ustomized compensation compensation gt Equalization em SFO CFO CPE CP Hu Hu Fig 8 1 Block diagram for the LTE UL measurement application e Full compensation o IDFT zu Synchronization In a first step the areas of sufficient power are identified within the captured UO data stream which consists of the receive samples r For each area of sufficient power the analyzer synchronizes on subframes of the uplink generic frame structure 3 After this coarse timing estimation the fractional part as well as the integer part of the carrier fre quency offset CFO are estimated and compensated In order to obtain an OFDM demodulation via FFT of length Nee that is not corrupted by ISI a fine timing is estab lished which refines the coarse timing estimate A phase tracking based on the reference SC FDMA symbols is performed in the fre quency domain The corresponding tracking estimation block provides estimates for e therelative sampling frequency offset C e the residual carrier frequency offset Afres e the common phase error According to references 7 and 8 the uncompensated samples HR in the DFT pre coded domain can be stated as The LTE Uplink Analysis Measurement Application E rh j2z No NGC PaNs N ggp A Tl il el ei s Nprr ell s N rrr Vos 3 Nu a za CPE SFO res CFO 8 1 with e the DFT precoded data symbol A on subcarrier k at SC FDMA symbol
156. n evaluated Example CALC LIM SUMM EVM PSIG RES Queries the limit check Usage Query only CAL Culate lt n gt LIMit lt k gt SUMMary EVM SDQP AVERage RESult This command queries the results of the EVM limit check of all PUSCH DMRS resource elements with a QPSK modulation Return values lt LimitCheck gt FAILED Limit check has failed PASSED Limit check has passed NOTEVALUATED Limits have not been evaluated Example CALC LIM SUMM EVM SDOP RES Queries the limit check Remote Commands to Read Trace Data Usage Query only CALCulate lt n gt LIMit lt k gt SUMMary EVM SDSF AVERage RESult This command queries the results of the EVM limit check of all PUSCH DMRS resource elements with a 64QAM modulation Return values lt LimitCheck gt FAILED Limit check has failed PASSED Limit check has passed NOTEVALUATED Limits have not been evaluated Example CALC LIM SUMM EVM SDSF RES Queries the limit check Usage Query only CALCulate lt n gt LIMit lt k gt SUMMary EVM SDST AVERage RESult This command queries the results of the EVM limit check of all PUSCH DMRS resource elements with a 16QAM modulation Return values lt LimitCheck gt FAILED Limit check has failed PASSED Limit check has passed NOTEVALUATED Limits have not been evaluated Example CALC LIM SUMM EVM SDST RES Queries the limit check Usage Query only CALCulate lt n gt LIMit
157. n the equations that the measurements are based on The table below explains these symbols for a better understanding of the measurement principles ak data symbol actual decided Aik data symbol after DFT precoding Af Af oie carrier frequency offset between transmitter and receiver actual coarse estimate Afros residual carrier frequency offset relative sampling frequency offset His 8 channel transfer function actual estimate i time index Teoarse Mine timing estimate coarse fine k subcarrier index SC FDMA symbol index Nps number of SC FDMA data symbols Nr length of FFT Ny number of samples in cyclic prefix guard interval Ns number of Nyquist samples Nix number of allocated subcarriers Nr noise sample n index of modulated QAM symbol before DFT pre coding common phase error 8 2 8 3 Overview fi received sample in the time domain Ria uncompensated received sample in the frequency domain fai equalized received symbols of measurement path after IDFT T duration of the useful part of an SC FDMA symbol Tg duration of the guard interval Ts total duration of SC FDMA symbol Overview The digital signal processing DSP involves several stages until the software can pres ent results like the EVM Data Capture Synchronization E UTRA LTE uplink Channel estimation equalization measure ment application
158. nces see chapter 7 1 Import ing and Exporting UO Data on page 98 The length of the UO symbol sequence must be a multiple of 2 If not enough UO sym bols are available for mapping the UO symbols are repeated Importing and Exporting Limits Importing iq sequences The I Q symbol definition file must be placed in the same folder as the EUTRA LTE application binary Program folder Rohde Schwarz EUTRA LTE by default The name of the Reference Symbols definition file must be EutraUL_Pilots iqw 7 4 Importing and Exporting Limits In addition to the limits defined by the standard you can create and use customized limits After you have created the file you have to name it Default eutra_limits and copy it into the same folder as the software binary Program folder Rohde Schwarz EUTRA LTE by default The limits are automatically loaded when you start the software The limits you can customize work for the Result Summary Limits are defined in the xml file format Any xml elements you do not want to define can be left out either by making no entry or by deleting the corresponding element lt xml version 1 0 encoding utf 8 gt lt Limits gt lt UL gt lt EVM gt lt PUSCHQPSK Mean 0 175 gt lt Unit linear 1 0 dB 0 1 20 dB gt PUSCH16QAM Mean 0 125 Unit linear 1 0 dB 0 1 20 dB gt lt PUSCH64QAM gt lt Unit linear 1 0 dB 0 1 20 dB gt lt PhysicalChannel gt
159. nd off Parameters lt State gt ON OFF RST OFF CONFigure LTE UL SRS NRRC lt FreqDomPos gt Sets the UE specific parameter Freq Domain Position Ngre Parameters lt FreqDomPos gt lt numeric value gt RST 0 Example CONF UL SRS NRRC 1 Sets Ngre to 1 CONFigure L TE UL SRS POWer Power Defines the relative power of the sounding reference signal Parameters Power numeric value RST 0 Default unit DB Remote Commands to Configure the Demodulation Example CONF UL SRS POW 1 2 Sets the power to 1 2 dB CONFigure LTE UL SRS STAT lt State gt Activates or deactivates the sounding reference signal Parameters lt State gt ON OFF RST OFF Example CONF UL SRS STAT ON Activates the sounding reference signal CONFigure L TE UL SRS SUConfig Configuration This command defines the SRS subframe configuration Parameters Configuration numeric value RST 0 Example CONF UL SRS SUC 4 Sets SRS subframe configuration to 4 CONFigure LTE UL SRS TRComb lt TransComb gt This command defines the transmission comb kc Parameters TransComb numeric value RST 0 Example CONF UL SRS TRC 1 Sets transmission comb to 1 9 8 3 3 Defining the PUSCH Structure CONFigure LTE ULFGGsecttPU cCh FHMode nennen enne nns 183 CONFiouret LTE ULkGGsccttpU chFHOtFtset eene 184 CONFigurel TEE lee EECHER enee e neca eren rer nn enn 184 GONFigur
160. nformation see chapter 4 1 Configuring the Measurement on page 52 e Defining General Signal Characteristics csset 150 e Selecting the Input Gource nennen nnns 151 e Configuring the Input Level 152 e Configuring the Data Caplure ire aia 153 e Configuring Measurement Results 154 e Configuring Time Alignment Measurements 157 Defining General Signal Characteristics GONFPigure E TERDUBESXIgr iiec die 150 EE Lee De Ee Biel EE 151 SENSe FREQuency GENTer GO ocl iioi Lire ic 151 CONFigure LTE DUPLexing lt Duplexing gt This command selects the duplexing mode Parameters lt Duplexing gt TDD Time division duplex FDD Frequency division duplex RST FDD Example CONF DUPL TDD Activates time division duplex 9 7 1 2 Remote Commands to Configure General Settings CONFigure LTE LDIRection Direction This command selects the link direction Parameters lt Direction gt DL Downlink UL Uplink Example CONF LDIR DL EUTRA LTE option is configured to analyze downlink signals m SENSe FREQuency CENTer CC lt cci gt Frequency This command sets the center frequency for RF measurements Parameters Frequency numeric value Range fmin to fmax RST 1 GHz Default unit Hz Example Measurement on one carrier FREQ CENT 1GHZ Defines a center frequency of 1 GHz Example Measurement on aggregated ca
161. ng on the TDD configuration some subframes may not be available for editing The analyzer labels those subframes not used Enable PUCCH Turns the PUCCH in the corresponding subframe on and off Remote command CONFigure LTE UL CC lt cci gt SUBFrame lt subframe gt ALLoc CONT on page 175 Enable PUSCH Turns the PUSCH in the corresponding subframe on and off If you turn on a PUSCH Modulation Number of RBs and Offset RB become avail able Remote command CONFigure LTE UL CC lt cci gt SUBFrame lt subframe gt ALLoc CONT on page 175 Modulation Selects the modulation scheme for the corresponding PUSCH allocation The modulation scheme is either QPSK 16QAM or 64QAM Remote command CONFigure LTE UL CC lt cci gt SUBFrame lt subframe gt ALLoc MODulation on page 176 Enhanced Settings Opens a dialog box to configure enhanced functionality for selected channels in each subframe For more information see Enhanced Settings Number of RB Sets the number of resource blocks the PUSCH allocation covers The number of resource blocks defines the size or bandwidth of the PUSCH allocation Remote command CONFigure LTE UL CC lt cci gt SUBFrame lt subframe gt ALLoc CLUSter lt cluster gt RBCount on page 175 Offset RB Sets the resource block at which the PUSCH allocation begins Make sure not to allocate PUSCH allocations into regions reserved for PUCCH alloca tions
162. nk Signal Characteristics Uplink Advanced Signal Characteristics M PUSCH Structure Freg Hopping Mode None y PUSCH Hopping Offset 4 Number of Subbands 4 Info in Hopping Bits Frequeney Hopping oc TT 89 Ja Reese ek REPETIT OUTLET RR 89 PUSCH Hopping Ke ia dista 89 le ee ali aa 89 Frequency Hopping Mode Selects the frequency hopping mode of the PUSCH Several hopping modes are supported e None No frequency hopping e Inter Subframe Hopping PUSCH changes the frequency from one subframe to another e Intra Subframe Hopping PUSCH also changes the frequency within a subframe Remote command CONFigure LTE UL CC lt cci gt PUSCh FHMode on page 183 Info in Hopping Bits Defines the information available in the hopping bits according to the PDCCH DCI for mat 0 hopping bit definition The information in the hopping bits determines whether type 1 or type 2 hopping is used in the subframe and in case of type 1 additionally determines the exact hopping function to use For more information on PUSCH frequency hopping refer to 3GPP TS36 213 Remote command CONFigure LTE UL CC lt cci gt PUSCh FHOP IIHB on page 184 PUSCH Hopping Offset Defines the PUSCH Hopping Offset Noel The PUSCH Hopping Offset determines the first physical resource block and the maxi mum number of physical resource blocks available for PUSCH transmission if PUSCH frequency hopping
163. nnel gt lower adjacent gt upper adjacent gt lower alternate gt upper alternate R amp S FS K101 103 105PC Remote Commands The unit of the lt bandwidth gt and lt spacing offset gt is Hz The unit of the power is either dBc or dBm depending on the ACLR measurement mode relative or absolute Note that the TX channel does not have a lt spacing offset gt NaN is returned instead 9 6 1 2 Allocation Summary For the Allocation Summary the command returns seven values for each line of the table subframe allocation ID number of RB offset RB modulation absolute power lt EVM gt The unit for absolute power is always dBm The unit for lt EvM gt depends on UNIT EVM All other values have no unit The allocation ID and modulation are encoded For the code assignment see chapter 9 6 1 20 Return Value Codes on page 139 Note that the data format of the return values is always ASCII Example Allocation Summary Sub Humber Offset Power 1 M ji frame of RB RB er 80 940 TRAC DATA TRACE1 would return 0 40 10 2 2 84 7431947342849 2 68723483754626E 06 0 41 0 0 6 84 7431432845264 2 37549449584568E 06 0 42 0 0 6 80 9404231343884 3 97834623871343E 06 9 6 1 3 Bit Stream For the Bit Stream result display the command returns five values and the bitstream for each line of the table lt subframe gt lt allocation ID gt lt
164. nput settings control the basic configuration of the input The input source selection is part of the General Settings tab of the General Set tings dialog box For more information on advanced input configuration see chapter 4 5 Advanced Set tings on page 66 General Analyzer Config MIMO Setup Trigger Spectrum Advanced Input Source File selecting the Input SOUrce iiie rere dnte des 54 User Manual 1308 9135 42 15 53 Configuring the Measurement Selecting the Input Source The input source selects the source of the data you d like to analyze You can either analyze a live signal or a signal that has been recorded previously and whose charac teristics have been saved to a file You can select the input source from the Source dropdown menu e RF Captures and analyzes the data from the RF input of the spectrum analyzer in use e Baseband BB Captures and analyzes the data from the baseband input of the spectrum analyzer in use Note that you have to use an analyzer that supports analog baseband input if you select that input source e Digital UO Captures and analyzes the data from the digital baseband input of the spectrum analyzer in use Note that you have to use an analyzer that supports digital baseband input if you select that input source e File Analyzes data that has been recorded already and has been saved to a file If selected the software asks you to select a file from a dialog b
165. ntinuous On Limit Check Fa 70 Couple Screens Couples and decouples markers that have the same x axis unit in the top and bottom result displays e g both result displays have a frequency axis In case of the constellation diagram the constellation selection is also coupled to the marker Advanced Settings Stop Run Continuous On Limit Check Fail Stops a continuous measurement if the signal fails any limit check in the currently active result display For example the measurement would stop on an EVM PUSCH QPSK limit check fail if the result summary is active Configuring Uplink Signal Demodulation 9 Demod Settings 5 1 5 1 1 The following chapter contains all settings that are available in the Demodulation Set tings dialog box e Configuring Uplink Signal Democdulaton esee nseernenr teene ennesrnernersrenssnns 71 e Defining Uplink Signal Charachertstice AAA 75 e Defining Advanced Signal Charachertsiices norn notn rnern neenn 83 Configuring Uplink Signal Demodulation The uplink demodulation settings contain settings that describe the signal processing and the way the signal is measured You can find the demodulation settings in the Demod Settings dialog box e Configuring the Data Analysis oett served adds 71 e Compensating Signal Ee TE 74 Configuring the Data Analysis The data analysis settings contain setting that control the data analysis The data analysis settings are part of the Downlink
166. nts are based on the I Q data that is captured except the Spectrum Emission Mask and the Adjacent Channel Leakage Ratio Those are based on a frequency sweep the analyzer performs for the measurement SCPI command INITiate IMMediate on page 122 INITiate REFResh on page 122 Numerical ReSulls 5 rtt m ente onere tette tenet ec Hiec ere tg tese tane 30 e Measuring the Power Over TIITIo orici noe 33 e Measuring the Error Vector Magnitude EVM eee 35 e Measuring the Spectrutm acieeessecceceecenene ctun nk kp dd 38 e Measuring the Symbol Constellation 2 eee tinca 46 e Measuring Statislies ea tee secet aca 48 e 3GPP Test oceania 50 R amp S FS K101 103 105PC Measurements and Result Displays 3 1 Numerical Results Result Summary The Result Summary shows all relevant measurement results in numerical form com bined in one table gt Press the Display List Graph softkey so that the List element turns green to view the Result Summary Remote command DISPlay WINDow lt n gt TABLe on page 122 Contents of the result summary The contents of the result summary depend on the analysis mode you have selected The first screenshot shows the results for PUSCH PUCCH analysis mode the second one those for PRACH analysis mode Result Summary Symbols Meas 140 Frame Results 1 1 Mean d imit Max Limit 17 50 Slots ALL NEN EH User Man
167. number of resource blocks on the lower edge is one resource block larger than the number of resource blocks on the upper edge of the LTE spectrum If you select the Auto menu item the software automatically detects the number of RBs Remote command CONFigure LTE UL PUCCh NORB on page 185 Delta Shift Defines the delta shift parameter The delta shift is the difference between two adjacent PUCCH resource indices with the same orthogonal cover sequence OC It determines the number of available sequences in a resource block that can be used for PUCCH formats 1 1a 1b For more information refer to 3GPP TS36 211 chapter 5 4 Physical Uplink Control Channel Remote command CONFigure LTE UL PUCCh DESHift on page 185 Defining Advanced Signal Characteristics N 1 _cs Defines the number of cyclic shifts used for PUCCH format 1 1a 1b in a resource block used for a combination of the formats 1 1a 1b and 2 2a 2b Only one resource block per slot can support a combination of the PUCCH formats 1 1a 1b and 2 2a 2b The number of cyclic shifts available for PUCCH format 2 2a 2b N 2 _cs in a block with combination of PUCCH formats is calculated as follows N 2 _cs 12 N 1 _cs 2 For more information refer to 3GPP TS36 211 chapter 5 4 Physical Uplink Control Channel Remote command CONFigure LTE UL PUCCh N1CS on page 185 N 2 _RB Defines bandwidth in terms of resource blocks that are reserved for PUCCH form
168. o be in straight quotation marks You can use a single quotation mark or a double quotation mark Example INSTRument DELete Spectrum Block Data Block data is a format which is suitable for the transmission of large amounts of data The ASCII character introduces the data block The next number indicates how many of the following digits describe the length of the data block In the example the 4 follow ing digits indicate the length to be 5168 bytes The data bytes follow During the trans mission of these data bytes all end or other control signs are ignored until all bytes are transmitted 0 specifies a data block of indefinite length The use of the indefinite for mat requires a NL END message to terminate the data block This format is useful Remote Commands to Select a Result Display when the length of the transmission is not known or if speed or other considerations prevent segmentation of the data into blocks of definite length 9 3 Remote Commands to Select a Result Display GALC Ult REED E 121 DISPlay WINDowW lt n gt TABLE nn teh sh nene nennen eres nennen 122 CALCulate lt n gt FEED lt DispType gt This command selects the measurement and result display Parameters lt DispType gt String containing the short form of the result display See table below for details Example CALC2 FEED PVT CBUF Select Capture Buffer to be displayed on screen B
169. o describe the physical attributes of an uplink LTE signal The physical settings are part of the Uplink Signal Characteristics tab of the Demod ulation Settings dialog box Uplink Demodulation Settings Uplink Signal Characteristics Uplink Advanced Signal Characteristics Physical Layer Cell Identity Cell ID D Cell Identity Group D Identity 0 R amp S FS K101 103 105PC Demod Settings Configuring the Physical Layer Cell Identity The cell ID cell identity group and physical layer identity are interdependent parame ters In combination they are responsible for synchronization between network and user equipment The physical layer cell ID identifies a particular radio cell in the LTE network The cell identities are divided into 168 unique cell identity groups Each group consists of 3 physical layer identities According to Nip 3 Nd Nip N cell identity group 0 167 NG physical layer identity 0 2 there is a total of 504 different cell IDs If you change one of these three parameters the software automatically updates the other two The Cell ID determines the reference signal grouping hopping pattern the reference signal sequence hopping the PUSCH demodulation reference signal pseudo random sequence the cyclic shifts for PUCCH formats 1 1a 1b and sequences for PUCCH formats 2 2a 2b e the pseudo random sequence used for scrambling e the pseudo random sequence used for
170. offset A frame number offset is also available The frame number offset assigns a number to the demodulated frame in order to identify it in a series of transmitted and captured frames Remote command CONFigure LTE UL SFNO on page 174 Uplink Demodulation Settings Uplink Signal Characteristics Uplink Advanced Signal Characteristics Subframe Configuration Frame Number Offset 0 Configurable Subframes 3 e Individual Subframe Configuration sss 79 Enhanced SOUINOS PT 81 Individual Subframe Configuration The Subframe Configuration Table contains the characteristics for each subframe The software supports a maximum uplink LTE frame size of 10 subframes The sub frame number in the table depends on the number of Configurable Subframes that you have defined or that have been detected in case of automatic demodulation Enable Enable Enhanced Subfame PUCCH PUSCH Modulation Settings Number of RB Offset RB Ea Ea esp eem o Een P jv i E EII js Each row in the table represents one subframe or one allocation if the subframe is a cluster of allocations Subftrame NUMBER isis 79 aa ee 80 Enable PUSCH EE 80 MOI o 80 Enhanced Settings c sscecaia neds 80 NUMERO EE 80 BICI D NETTE NA A 80 Subframe Number Shows the number of a subframe Defining Uplink Signal Characteristics Note that dependi
171. ommand queries the EVM of all DMRS resource elements with 64QAM modula tion of the PUSCH Remote Commands to Read Numeric Results Return values lt EVM gt lt numeric value gt EVM in or dB depending on the unit you have set Example FETC SUMM EVM SDSF Returns the maximum EVM of all DMRS resource elements with 64QAM modulation Usage Query only FETCh SUMMary EVM SDST AVERage This command queries the EVM of all DMRS resource elements with 16QAM modula tion of the PUSCH Return values lt EVM gt lt numeric value gt EVM in or dB depending on the unit you have set Example FETC SUMM EVM SDST Returns the EVM of all DMRS resource elements with 16QAM modulation Usage Query only FETCh SUMMary EVM UCCD AVERage This command queries the EVM of all DMRS resource elements of the PUCCH as shown in the result summary Return values lt EVM gt EVM in or dB depending on the unit you have set Example FETC SUMM EVM UCCD Returns the average EVM of all DMRS resource elements Usage Query only FETCh SUMMary EVM UCCH AVERage This command queries the EVM of all resource elements of the PUCCH as shown in the result summary Return values lt EVM gt EVM in or dB depending on the unit you have set Example FETC SUMM EVM UCCH Returns the average EVM of all resource elements Usage Query only Remote Commands to Read Numeric Results FETCh SUMMa
172. onal DUT with TRIGGER OUTPUT CD Cable RF Master Analyzer RF INPUT NOISE SOURCE TRIGGER INPUT Slave Analyzer 1 RF INPUT TRIGGER INPUT Slave Analyzer 1 RF INPUT TRIGGER INPUT Slave Analyzer 1 RF INPUT TRIGGER INPUT 8 4 2 MIMO Measurements with Oscilloscopes This part presents an approach to measure a MIMO signal transmitted on two or four antennas using the R amp S RTO1044 digital oscilloscope 4 GHz 4 channels and the R amp S FS K102 103PC LTE MIMO downlink uplink PC software This has multiple advantages e Only one measurement instrument is required This not only reduces the number of test instruments but also simplifies the test setup and cabling no reference oscilla tor and trigger cabling no additional hardware for synchronization required like the R amp S9FS Z11 e The measurement time is reduced For measuring LTE signals with the RTO it has to be equipped with the options R amp S9RTO B4 and R amp S9RTO K11 The hardware setup is illustrated in figure 8 5 All transmit antennas TX of the device under test DUT or an SMU are connected to the RF input of the RTO Either two or optionally four antennas are attached The LTE Software runs on a PC and is connec ted to the RTO via a local area network LAN MIMO Measurement Guide Fig 8 5 Test setup for LTE MIMO measurements with an oscilloscope To successfully connect the software to the oscilloscope enter the correct network add
173. onomia ie 129 FETCH SUMMary POWerlAV BRAGG cociendo ias 129 FETCh SUMMary QUADerror MA vimum ec cece eee ee eee ee eee eceteteteeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeseaesesaeanaea 129 FETCH SUMMary QUA Deron MINIMUM coria ia tt tt terat vo het aere eee etes 129 FETCh SUMMary QUADerror AVERage rcnt ia 129 FETCh SUMMary SERRO MAXIMUM Zio 222 trant cate ntt a 129 FETOCh SUMMarny SERROGEMINISIUEIS urinae road eso utt pee ad au v votato rettet 129 FETChSUMMary SERRorEAVERage iei ici deri res SEENEN NEEN 129 FETChISUMMary VE E 130 FETCh TAERror CC cci ANTenna antenna MAXimum essen 130 FETChTAEbRrortGGscclslANTenna antennaz MlNimum 130 FETCh TAERror CC lt cci gt ANTenna lt antenna gt AVERage P oooocococccnncncncncnnnnnnnnnnnnononinnnnnns 130 FETCh SUMMary CRESt MAXimum FETCh SUMMary CRESt MINimum FETCh SUMMary CRESt AVERage This command queries the average crest factor as shown in the result summary Return values lt CrestFactor gt lt numeric value gt Crest Factor in dB Example FETC SUMM CRES Returns the current crest factor in dB Usage Query only FETCh SUMMary EVM ALL MAXimum FETCh SUMMary EVM ALL MINimum FETCh SUMMary EVM ALL AVERage This command queries the EVM of all resource elements Return values lt EVM gt lt numeric value gt Minimum maximum or average EVM depending on the last command syntax element The unit is or
174. ontain various settings that configure the general measurement setup You can find the signal characteristics in the General Settings dialog box e Defining General Signal Characheristtce AAA 52 e LOMNGUTIME MS WUE 3 essa iacet ted Qe de ete deese tre i bise aetate tee bajaste 53 e Contiguring the Input Level sei cci or eer ert etd ry t d ENER 54 e Configuring the Data Capture 56 e Configuring Measurement Results caninas 58 e Configuring Time Alignment Measurements A 61 Defining General Signal Characteristics The general signal characteristics contain settings to describe the general physical attributes of the signal The signal characteristics are part of the General Settings tab of the General Set tings dialog box General Analyzer Config MIMO Setup Trigger Spectrum Advanced Signal Characteristics Standard beem Duplexing TDD Link Direction Upik y Frequency t selecting the ETE Mode ip 52 Defining the Signal Frequeney iia 53 Selecting the LTE Mode The LTE mode is a combination of the Standard always 3GPP LTE the Duplexing mode and the Link Direction The choices you have depend on the set of options you have installed e option FSx K100 PC enables testing of 3GPP LTE FDD signals on the downlink R amp S FS K101 103 105PC General Settings option FSx K101 PC enables testing of 3GPP LTE FDD signals on the uplink option FSx K102 PC enables testing of 3GPP LTE MIMO signal
175. ontains meta information about the l Q data e g sample rate The filename can be defined freely but there must be only one single UO parameter XML file inside an iq tar file e Q data binary file Contains the binary l Q data of all channels There must be only one single UO data binary file inside an iq tar file Optionally an iq tar file can contain the following file e UO preview XSLT file Contains a stylesheet to display the l Q parameter XML file and a preview of the UO data in a web browser Managing Frame Data For fast access to the frame description or structure of a signal you can save it and again use it at a later time To manage frame descriptions enter the file manager and select Save Demod Setup to save the current setup or Load Demod Setup to restore a previously created setup The frame decription contains the complete modulation structure of the signal Customizing Reference Symbols The frame structure is defined in the xml file format The file contains all parameters that are part of the demodulation settings If you want to define more than one alloca tion you can do so by adding additional PRB entries lt PRB gt element Note the following restrictions for the frame description e You have to define at least one PRB e You can allocate a maximum of one frames The example below shows a typical frame description lt FrameDefinition LinkDirection uplink TDDULDLAllocationConfiguration 0
176. orted CCAA aaa User Manual 1308 9135 42 15 47 R amp S FS K101 103 105PC Measurements and Result Displays 3 6 Measuring Statistics This chapter contains information on all measurements that show the statistics of a sig nal CDP m 48 PNG AON Summa at 48 sic M mE 49 CCDF Starts the Complementary Cumulative Distribution Function CCDF result display This result display shows the probability of an amplitude exceeding the mean power For the measurement the complete capture buffer is used The x axis represents the power relative to the measured mean power On the y axis the probability is plotted in 96 Crest Factor 5 13 dB 0 01 0 001 Remote command Selecting the result display CALCulate lt n gt FEED STAT CCDF Querying results TRACe DATA Allocation Summary Starts the Allocation Summary result display This result display shows the results of the measured allocations in tabular form SSE EU UU User Manual 1308 9135 42 15 48 R amp S FS K101 103 105PC Measurements and Result Displays Allocation Summary Power dBm 84 743 Modulation 84 743 0 003 0 001 DMRS PUSCH 84 743 anon U U The rows in the table represent the allocations A set of allocations form a subframe The subframes are separated by a dashed line The columns of the table contain the follwing information e Subframe Shows the subframe number
177. orted e TRACE1 9 6 1 14 EVM vs Symbol x Carrier For the EVM vs Symbol x Carrier the command returns one value for each resource element lt EVM Symbol 0 Carrier 1 gt lt EVM Symbol 0 Carrier n gt lt EVM Symbol 1 Carrier 1 gt lt EVM Symbol 1 Carrier n gt lt EVM Symbol pi Carrier 1 gt lt EVM Symbol n Carrier n gt The unit depends on UNIT EVM Resource elements that are unused return NAN The following parameters are supported e TRACE1 9 6 1 15 Frequency Error vs Symbol For the Frequency Error vs Symbol result display the command returns one value for each OFDM symbol that has been analyzed lt frequency error gt The unit is always Hz The following parameters are supported e TRACE1 9 6 1 16 Inband Emission For the Inband Emission result display the number and type of returns values depend on the parameter e TRACE1 Returns the relative resource block indices x axis values lt RB index gt The resource block index has no unit e TRACE2 Returns one value for each resource block index lt relative power gt The unit of the relative inband emission is dB e TRACE3 Returns the data points of the upper limit line lt limit gt The unit is always dB Remote Commands to Read Trace Data Note that you have to select a particular subframe to get results 9 6 1 17 Power Spectrum For the Power Spectrum result display the command r
178. ory STORe DEModsetting trt reete nere ii ci ias MMEMory STORCIO STA Teoria 191 SENSe INPut TRACOLDA gir 140 TRIGger SEQuence HOLDoffsinstrumoente neret etta enia rese tent dita HE vans ii aida 160 TRIGger SEQuence LEVel instrument POWer esee eene nennen nennen 161 TRIGger SEQuence LEVel instrument EXTernal esee esee 160 TRIGSer ESEQueticel MODE copiar pidio 160 TRIGg er SEQuence PORTINStrume nt cocina cerco rrt cti recepere d e ME Avada 161 TRIGger SEQuence l SL OBS cp aere ARA 161 UNITE BS TR 155 UNIT e 155 CIE GE 155 Index A PGR q S Allocation summary Auto DemiodLilatiott secarse rar erento ems Auto Detection Cell Identity sssese 78 B Balanced Input eed esee e ira 68 sg p 49 C Capture b ffer egene ds 33 Capture Time Carrier aggregation EN dee EENS een 64 CCDF T 48 erp 78 Cell Identity Group tise uicti emet ds 78 Channel Bandwidth 1 erret trees 75 Channel Estimation Range ene 72 Channel flatness group delay sssesssssessss 45 Compensate DG Offset rrt 72 Configurable Subframes ens 78 Configuration Table s Constellation d
179. ox after you have initiated a measurement If the file contents are not valid or the file could not be found the software shows an error message A connection to an analyzer or a dongle is required to successfully load a file For more information see chapter 7 1 Importing and Exporting UO Data on page 98 Remote command Input source selection SENSe INPut on page 151 Loading l Q data from file MMEMory LOAD 10 STATe on page 190 4 1 3 Configuring the Input Level The level settings contain settings that control the input level of any analyzer in the measurement setup You can control the input level for any of the input channels you are using separately from the dropdown menu next to the Level Settings label The level settings are part of the General Settings tab of the General Settings dia log box R amp S FS K101 103 105PC General Settings General Analyzer Config MIMO Setup Trigger Spectrum Advanced Level Settings Input Channel 1 gt Auto Level E Reference Level RF 30 00 d n Attenuation RF 10d Ext Att 0 00d8 Defining a Reference Level eic cicer tte ehe oaa eu e e Rana trece 55 Altenuaung tie SIGN Al eis cid teta a tetra ee eeu 56 Defining a Reference Level The reference level is the power level the analyzer expects at the RF input Keep in mind that the power level at the RF input is the peak envelope power in case of signals with a high crest factor like LTE To ge
180. pensate DC Offset usina iii 72 Conf Index SRS Configurable Subframes sese 78 Delta SEQUENCE Shift 2 mrt 85 Della Shift EE 90 Digital Input Data Rate sssri 5 nes 69 ilg M 68 yl 56 c 91 Frame Number Offset orina 78 Freq Domain Pos in RRC ene 88 Frequency icone 9 Frequency Hopping Mode 89 Full Scale Level rre 69 Group HOPPING v EE 84 Hopping BW b hop 87 tu M 78 Info in Hopping Bits ara 89 LOW MICI M 68 multicarrier filler aria eerte reete ie nevera 74 njipRMS 3icscir tai id 85 N PUCCH orivers 91 N 1 cs 91 N 2 IRB nire eer here ren eoe ee hase E ere 91 Number O RB cnr rete a echoes sez bana 75 Number of RBs for PUCCH 90 Number of Subbands Phase Present aen PUSCH Hopping Offset Fer Level ito Felbowep cotorra eyed Relative Power PUCCH a Relative Power PUSCH sse Scrambling of coded bits 0 0 0 eee reece Sequence ccce Sequence Hopping lee SRS Bandwidth B_SRS SRS BW Conf C_SRS SRS Cyclic Shift N CS rcnt rre SRS Subframe Conf 2 recreate 86 Ac EE suppressed interference synchronization SWAPO narran TOD UL DL Allocati ns reete 76 TIMING diri seio Transm Comb K TC 2687 Trigger level 2 59 Trigg
181. power levels is provided above the diagram area BR EVM ys Symbol X Carrier 00 EVM Remote command Selecting the result display C Querying results User Manual 1308 9135 42 15 37 R amp S FS K101 103 105PC Measurements and Result Displays eS A A SE EEE AAA EVM vs Subframe Starts the EVM vs Subframe result display This result display shows the Error Vector Magnitude EVM for each subframe You can use it as a debugging technique to identify a subframe whose EVM is too high The result is an average over all subcarriers and symbols of a specific subframe The x axis represents the subframes with the number of displayed subframes being 10 On the y axis the EVM is plotted either in or in dB depending on the EVM Unit EVM vs Subframe Maximum 0 3 5 Subframe Minimum 0 ubframe 0 0015 0 0014 0 0013 0 2 3 4 5 Subframe Number Remote command Selecting the result display CALCulate lt n gt FEED EVM EVSU Querying results TRACe DATA 3 4 Measuring the Spectrum This chapter contains information on all measurements that show the power of a signal in the frequency domain In addition to the UO measurements spectrum measurements also include two fre quency sweep measurements the Spectrum Emission Mask and the Adjacent Chan nel Leakage Ratio 3 4 4 Frequency Sweep Measurements The Spectrum Emission Mask SEM and Adjacent Channel Leakage Ratio ACLR measurements are the only freq
182. preamble formats 0 3 sets the PRACH Frequency Offset as defined in the 3GPP TS 36 211 i e determines the first physical resource block available for PRACH expressed as a physical resource block number Remote command CONFigure LTE UL PRACh FOFFset on page 187 Defining Advanced Signal Characteristics Ncs Conf Selects the Ncs configuration e determines the Ncs value set according to TS 36 211 table 5 7 2 2 and 5 7 2 3 Remote command CONFigure LTE UL PRACh NCSC on page 188 Logical Root Sequ Idx Selects the logical root sequence index The logical root sequence index is used to generate preamble sequences It is provi ded by higher layers Remote command CONFigure LTE UL PRACh RSEQ on page 188 Sequence Index v Defines the sequence index v The sequence index controls which of the 64 preambles available in a cell is used If you select the Auto menu item the software automatically selects the required sequence index Remote command CONFigure LTE UL PRACh SINDex on page 188 PRACH Preamble Mapping The frequency resource index fea and the half frame indicator tip are neccessary to clearly specify the physical resource mapping of the PRACH in case a PRACH config uration index has more than one mapping alternative If you turn on the Auto Preamble Mapping the software automatically detects fea and tna The values for both parameters are defined in table 5 7 1 4 Frame str
183. quency range of the UpPTS field that does not over lap with resources reserved for PRACH preamble 4 transmissions To avoid an overlap the number of SRS resource blocks otherwise determined by C_SRS and B_SRS is reconfigured Remote command CONFigure LTE UL SRS MUPT on page 182 Conf Index SRS Defines the configuration index of the SRS Defining Advanced Signal Characteristics The configuration index Le is a cell specific parameter that determines the SRS perio dicity Tspg and the SRS subframe offset Tofset The effects of the configuration index on Tsrs and Tase depends on the duplexing mode For more information refer to 3GPP TS 36 213 Table 8 2 1 FDD and 8 2 2 TDD Remote command CONFigure LTE UL SRS ISRS on page 182 SRS Bandwidth B_SRS Defines the parameter Bsps Bsrs is a UE specific parameter that defines the bandwidth of the SRS The SRS either spans the entire frequency bandwidth or uses frequency hopping when several narrow band SRS cover the same total bandwidth The standard defines up to four bandwidths for the SRS The most narrow SRS band width Bsrs 3 spans four resource blocks and is available for all channel bandwidths The other three values of Bsrs define more wideband SRS bandwidths Their availabil ity depends on the channel bandwidth The availability of SRS bandwidths additionally depends on the bandwidth configura tion of the SRS Csprs For more information refer to 3GPP
184. r than Release 6 The target for uplink average user throughput per MHz is two to three times better than Release 6 e Spectrum efficiency The downlink target is three to four times better than Release 6 The uplink target is two to three times better than Release 6 e Latency The one way transit time between a packet being available at the IP layer in either the UE or radio access network and the availability of this packet at IP layer in the radio access network UE shall be less than 5 ms Also C plane latency shall be reduced e g to allow fast transition times of less than 100 ms from camped state to active state e Bandwidth Scaleable bandwidths of 5 MHz 10 MHz 15 MHz and 20 MHz shall be supported Also bandwidths smaller than 5 MHz shall be supported for more flexibility e Interworking Interworking with existing UTRAN GERAN systems and non 3GPP systems shall be ensured Multimode terminals shall support handover to and from UTRAN and GERAN as well as inter RAT measurements Interruption time for handover between EUTRAN and UTRAN GERAN shall be less than 300 ms for realtime services and less than 500 ms for non realtime services e Multimedia broadcast multicast services MBMS MBMS shall be further enhanced and is then referred to as E MBMS e Costs Reduced CAPEX and OPEX including backhaul shall be achieved Costef fective migration from Release 6 UTRA radio interface and architecture shall be possible Reasonable system an
185. r the Sounding Reference Signal Remote command CONFigure LTE UL SRS NRRC on page 182 SRS Cyclic Shift N_CS Defines the cyclic shift ncs used for the generation of the SRS CAZAC sequence Because the different shifts of the same Zadoff Chu sequence are orthogonal to each other applying different SRS cyclic shifts can be used to schedule different UE to simultaneously transmit their SRS Remote command CONFigure LTE UL SRS CYCS on page 182 A N SRS Simultaneous TX Turns simultaneous transmission of the Sounding Reference Signal SRS and ACK NACK messages via PUCCH on and off By turning the parameter on you allow for simultaneous transmission of PUCCH and SRS in the same subframe If off the SRS not transmitted in the subframe for which you have configured simulta neous transmission of PUCCH and SRS Note that simultaneous transmission of SRS and PUCCH is available only if the PUCCH format is either 1 1a 1b or 3 The other PUCCH formats contain CQI reports which are not transmitted with the SRS Remote command CONFigure LTE UL SRS ANST on page 181 Defining the PUSCH Structure The PUSCH structure settings contain settings that describe the physical attributes and structure of the PUSCH The PUSCH structure setup is part of the Uplink Advanced Signal Characteristics tab of the Demodulation Settings dialog box Defining Advanced Signal Characteristics Uplink Demodulation Settings Upli
186. re LTE UL CC lt cci gt SUBFrame lt subframe gt ALLoc PRECoding CBINdex 176 CONFigure LTE UL CC lt cci gt SUBFrame lt subframe gt ALLoc PRECoding CLMapping 176 CONFigure L TE UL CC cci SUBFrame subframe ALLoc PUCCh FORMat 176 CONFigure LTE UL CC lt cci gt SUBFrame lt subframe gt ALLoc PUCCRh NPAR 177 CONFigure LTE UL CC lt cci gt SUBFrame lt subframe gt ALLoc PUSCh CSField 177 CONFigure L TE UL CC cci SUBFrame subframe ALLoc PUSCh NDMRS 177 CONFiouret LTE ULkGGscctlkS UBtrame subiramez AL LocChRATO 178 CONFigure LTE UL SFNO lt Offset gt This command defines the system frame number offset The application uses the offset to demodulate the frame Parameters lt Offset gt lt numeric value gt RST 0 Example CONF UL SFNO 2 Selects frame number offset 2 Remote Commands to Configure the Demodulation CONFigure LTE UL CSUBframes lt NofSubframes gt This command selects the number of configurable subframes in the uplink signal Parameters lt NofSubframes gt Range 1 to 10 RST 1 Example CONF UL CSUB 5 Sets the number of configurable subframes to 5 CONFigure LTE UL CC lt cci gt SUBFrame lt subframe gt ALLoc CLUSter lt cluster gt RBCount lt ResourceBlocks gt This command selects the number of resource blocks in an uplink subframe Parameters lt NofRBs gt
187. ress in the Analyzer Configuration table and define the hardware properties for example the number of input channels General Analyzer Config MIMO Setup Trigger Spectrum Advanced Configuration DUT MIMO Configuration 2 Tx Antennas D TX Antenna Selection Auto 2 Antennas y Num Input Channels From Antenna Selection y Analyzer Configuration Input Number of An Channel VISA RSC SS alyzer rta Lee E E E Fig 8 6 Configuration of the R amp S RTO connection and input channels For configuring the number of active R amp S RTO inputs the DUT MIMO configuration 2 Tx antennas or 4 Tx antennas and the Tx Antenna Selection must be set The DUT MIMO configuration describes which antennas are available and the Tx antenna selec tion defines how many UO data streams are captured and which antennas are assigned to the streams To measure more than one antenna at once Tx Antenna Selection must be set to All Auto 2 Antennas or Auto 4 Antennas e All all available Tx antennas are measured and the antennas are assigned to the streams in ascending order e Auto the antenna assignment is automatically detected In case of Auto 2 Antennas two streams are captured In case of Auto 4 Antennas four streams are captured The signal level of each R amp S RTO input channel is measured and the reference level and attenuation settings are adjusted automatically If a manual setting is preferred
188. rigger level or falls down to it 4 4 4 4 1 Spectrum Settings The measurement starts as soon as the trigger event happens It may become neces sary to start the measurement some time after the trigger event In that case define a trigger offset or trigger delay The trigger offset is the time that should pass between the trigger event and the start of the measurement The trigger offset may be a negative time The trigger offset is then called a pretrigger The trigger offset is available for all trigger modes except free run Remote command For a comprehensive list of commands to define trigger characteristics see chap ter 9 7 3 Using a Trigger on page 160 Spectrum Settings The spectrum settings contain settings to configure frequency sweep measurements ACLR and SEM You can find the spectrum settings in the General Settings dialog box Configuring SEM and ACLR Measurements The SEM Spectrum Emission Mask and ACLR Adjacent Channel Leakage Ratio settings contain settings that define aspects of those measurements The SEM and ACLR settings are part of the Spectrum tab of the General Settings dialog box General Analyzer Config MIMO Setup Trigger Spectrum Advanced SEM and ACLR Settings Num of Component Carriers 2 y Carrier Aggregation Channel Bandwidth 25RB 100RB 24 95MH2 y SEM Requirement Genera y Assumed Adj Channel Carrier JEUTRA same Bw y ACLA Noise Correction IT Auto G
189. rn values lt LimitCheck gt FAILED Limit check has failed PASSED Limit check has passed NOTEVALUATED Limits have not been evaluated Example CALC LIM SUMM EVM USQP RES Queries the limit check Usage Query only CALCulate lt n gt LIMit lt k gt SUMMary EVM USSF AVERage RESult This command queries the results of the EVM limit check of all PUSCH resource ele ments with a 64QAM modulation Return values lt LimitCheck gt FAILED Limit check has failed PASSED Limit check has passed NOTEVALUATED Limits have not been evaluated Example CALC LIM SUMM EVM USSF RES Queries the limit check Usage Query only CALCulate lt n gt LIMit lt k gt SUMMary EVM USST AVERage RESult This command queries the results of the EVM limit check of all PUSCH resource ele ments with a 16QAM modulation Return values lt LimitCheck gt FAILED Limit check has failed PASSED Limit check has passed NOTEVALUATED Limits have not been evaluated Example CALC LIM SUMM EVM USST RES Queries the limit check Usage Query only Remote Commands to Read Trace Data CALCulate lt n gt LIMit lt k gt SUMMary FERRor MAXimum RESult CALCulate lt n gt LIMit lt k gt SUMMary FERRor AVERage RESult This command queries the result of the frequency error limit check Return values lt LimitCheck gt The type of limit average or maximum that is queried depends on the last syntax element
190. rriers FREQ CENT CC1 850MHZ Defines a center frequency of 850 MHz for the first carrier Selecting the Input Source SENSBINIPUE EE 151 SENSe INPut lt Source gt This command selects the signal source Parameters lt Source gt RF Select radio frequency input as signal source AIQ Select analog UO input baseband as signal source DIQ Select digital UO input as signal source Example INP DIQ Select digital UO as signal source Remote Commands to Configure General Settings 9 7 1 3 Configuring the Input Level ISENZGel POWer AUlTO AnstrumentztSTATel eene enne nennt 152 CONFigure POWer EXPected RF Anstrumentz nono 152 CONFigure POWer ENbeched lO cJnstrumentz cnn 152 INPut n ATTeniation lt instUMENt gt iii ea Die 153 DiSblavlfWiNDow nzTR ACectzvltSCALelbRlEVelOEtzGet nenene nener ereerrerene 153 SENSe POWer AUTO lt instrument gt STATe lt State gt This command initiates a measurement that determines the ideal reference level Parameters lt State gt OFF Performs no automatic reference level detection ON Performs an automatic reference level detection before each measurement ONCE Performs an automatic reference level once RST ON Example POW AUTO2 ON Activate auto level for analyzer number 2 CONFigure POWer EXPected RF lt instrument gt lt RefLevel gt This command defines the reference level when the input source is RF Parameters lt RefLevel
191. ry EVM UPRA AVERage This command queries the EVM of all resource elements of the PRACH as shown in the result summary Return values lt EVM gt EVM in or dB depending on the unit you have set Example FETC SUMM EVM UPRA Returns the average EVM of all resource elements Usage Query only FETCh SUMMary EVM USQP AVERage This query returns the EVM for all QPSK modulated resource elements of the PUSCH Return values lt EVM gt lt numeric value gt EVM in or dB depending on the unit you have set Example FETC SUMM EVM USQP Queries the PUSCH QPSK EVM Usage Query only FETCh SUMMary EVM USSF AVERage This command queries the EVM for all G4QAM modulated resource elements of the PUSCH Return values lt EVM gt lt numeric value gt EVM in or dB depending on the unit you have set Example FETC SUMM EVM USSF Queries the PUSCH 64QAM EVM Usage Query only FETCh SUMMary EVM USST AVERage This query returns the the EVM for all 16QAM modulated resource elements of the PUSCH Return values lt EVM gt EVM in or dB depending on the unit you have set Example FETC SUMM EVM USST Queries the PUSCH 16QAM EVM Usage Query only Remote Commands to Read Numeric Results FETCh SUMMary FERRor MAXimum FETCh SUMMary FERRor MINimum FETCh SUMMary FERRor AVERage This command queries the frequency error Return values lt FreqError gt lt numeric v
192. s The number of dig its after the decimal point depends on the type of numeric value Example Setting SENSe FREQuency CENTer 1GHZ Query SENSe FREQuency CENTer would return 1E9 In some cases numeric values may be returned as text e INF NINF Infinity or negative infinity Represents the numeric values 9 9E37 or 9 9E37 e NAN Not a number Represents the numeric value 9 91E37 NAN is returned in case of errors 9 2 5 2 9 2 5 3 9 2 5 4 9 2 5 5 Introduction Boolean Boolean parameters represent two states The ON state logically true is represen ted by ON or a numeric value 1 The OFF state logically untrue is represented by OFF or the numeric value 0 Querying boolean parameters When you query boolean parameters the system returns either the value 1 ON or the value 0 OFF Example Setting DISPlay WINDow ZOOM STATe ON Query DISPlay WINDow ZOOM STATe would return 1 Text Text parameters follow the syntactic rules of keywords You can enter text using a short or a long form For more information see chapter 9 2 1 Long and Short Form on page 117 Querying text parameters When you query text parameters the system returns its short form Example Setting SENSe BANDwidth RESolution TYPE NORMal Query SENSe BANDwidth RESolution TYPE would return NORM Character Strings Strings are either text or number They have t
193. s on the downlink option FSx K103 PC enables testing of 3GPP MIMO signals on the uplink option FSx K104 PC enables testing of 3GPP LTE TDD signals on the downlink option FSx K105 PC enables testing of 3GPP LTE TDD signals on the uplink FDD and TDD are duplexing methods e FDD mode uses different frequencies for the uplink and the downlink e TDD mode uses the same frequency for the uplink and the downlink Downlink DL and Uplink UL describe the transmission path e Downlink is the transmission path from the base station to the user equipment The physical layer mode for the downlink is always OFDMA e Uplink is the transmission path from the user equipment to the base station The physical layer mode for the uplink is always SC FDMA The software shows the currently selected LTE mode including the bandwidth in the header table Ee Ee Remote command Link direction CONFigure LTE LDIRection on page 151 Duplexing mode CONFigure LTE DUPLexing on page 150 Defining the Signal Frequency For measurements with an RF input source you have to match the center frequency of the analyzer to the frequency of the signal The software shows the current center frequency in the header table The available frequency range depends on the hardware configuration of the analyzer you are using Remote command Center frequency SENSe FREQuency CENTer CC lt cci gt on page 151 Configuring the Input The i
194. s you want to measure The analyzers have to be connected to each other with one analyzer controlling the other instruments by providing the trigger If you use an oscilloscope the number of required instruments depends on the number of channels available on the oscilloscope e Gen ralinstument Configuration ono dada 18 e Instrument Connection Configuration nn 19 General Instrument Configuration The general analyzer or oscilloscope configuration determines the general MIMO setup The purpose of the general MIMO setup is to assign an analyzer or oscilloscope channel to a particular UO data stream For successful measurements you have to configure each instrument individually in the Analyzer Configuration table The number of table rows depends on the number of antennas you have selected Analyzer Configuration Input Number of Analyzer Channel VISA RSC Channels Input Channel 1 Master LOCALHOST Input Channel Shows the number of the analyzer in the test setup or the channel number of an oscil loscope If you are using several instruments the first input channel always represents the con trolling master instrument VISA RSC Opens a dialog box to configure the instrument connection in the network see chap ter 2 3 1 2 Instrument Connection Configuration on page 19 If you perform MIMO measurements with several instruments you have to establish a network connection for each in
195. sequence index 2 CONFigure LTE UL PRACh SINDex lt Index gt This command selects the PRACH sequence index Parameters lt Index gt lt IndexValue gt Number that defines the index manually AUTO Automatcailly determines the index Example CONF UL PRAC SIND 2 Selects sequence index 2 CONFigure LTE UL PRACh FRINdex lt FRINdex gt This command selects the PRACH frequency index Parameters lt FRINdex gt lt numeric value gt Example CONF UL PRAC FRIN 10 Selects the frequency index 10 CONFigure LTE UL PRACh HFINdicator lt HFINdicator gt This command defines the PRACH half frame indicator Parameters lt HFINdicator gt lt numeric value gt Configuring the Software Example CONF UL PRAC HFIN 5 Selects half frame indicator 5 9 8 3 6 Defining Global Signal Characteristics EL re LTE LULA A A aae etn ede 189 CONFigure LTE UL UEID ID Sets the radio network temporary identifier RNTI of the UE Parameters ID numeric value RST 0 Example CONF UL UEID 2 Sets the UE ID to 2 9 9 Configuring the Software CONE PRESE etr ee ee Euren te ax Re AR 189 DISPlay WINDow lt n gt SELe Ct nennen nnnn arret h rnnt enne 189 CONFigure PRESet Initiates a preset to the default state of the software and if connected to an analyzer also presets the analyzer Example CONF PRES Presets the software Usage Event DISPlay WINDow lt n gt SELect This command selects the mea
196. software operation with and without an R amp S instrument ana lyzer or oscilloscope The software works with a connection to an analyzer but also supports the analysis of data stored in a file This license type requires a smartcard reader dongle e R amp SGFSV FSQ K10x This license requires a connection to an R amp S FSV R amp S FSVR R amp SFSQ or R amp S FSG The license must be installed on the analyzer Using the smartcard reader dongle Before you can use the software you have to load the license s on a smartcard if you already have one or order a new smartcard R amp S FSPC New license types are avail able as registered licenses see below Licensing the Software You can use the smart card together with the USB smart card reader for SIM format supplied with the software Alternatively you can insert the smart card full format in a reader that is connected to or built into your PC Note that support for problems with the smart card licensing can only be guaranteed if the supplied USB smart card reader for SIM format is used 1 With the delivery of the R amp S FSPC you got a smart card and a smart card reader 5 LP 2 Remove the smart card 3 3 Insert the smart card into the reader If the OMNIKEY label faces upward the smart card has to be inserted with the chip facedown and the angled corner facing away from the reader Se 4 After pushing the smart card completely inside the USB
197. stem properly to cap ture the data simultaneously Synchronizing the frequency The frequency of the analyzers in the test setup have to be synchronized Thus one of the analyzers master controls the other analyzers slaves in the test setup The mas ter analyzer has to be equipped with the LTE MIMO application and provides the refer ence oscillator source for the slave analyzers gt Connect the REF OUT of the master to the REF IN connector of the slaves Make sure to configure the slaves to use an external reference gt General Setup menu MIMO Measurement Guide If you are using a measurement setup with several R amp S signal generators for example R amp S SMW the situation is similar One of the generators controls the other via the external reference gt Connect the REF OUT of the master to the REF IN of the slaves Make sure to configure the slaves to use an external reference gt Reference Oscillator settings Triggering MIMO measurements For valid MIMO measurements it is crucial to capture all data streams simultaneously To do so you need a trigger signal provided by the DUT or the signal generator The trigger signal has to be connected to all analyzers If you have several signal genera tors in the setup the master generator has to trigger the slave as well The 8 2 shows a MIMO setup with two or optional four analyzers and one or optional two signal generators with two channels Master Analyzer
198. strument Number of Channels Defines the number of channels of an oscilloscope that you want to use The number of instruments to configure is reduced if you use an instrument with more than one channel The software also adjusts the contents of the Analyzer Input Chan nel If you perform the measurement with one or more signal analyzers for example R amp S FSW the number of channels has to be 1 SCPI command 2 3 1 2 Connecting the Computer to an Analyzer CONFigure ACONfig lt instrument gt NCHannels on page 158 Analyzer Input Channel Assigns one of the I Q data streams input channel to a particular oscilloscope chan nel The Analyzer Input Channel has no effect if you use only instruments that have a sin gle input channel SCPI command CONFigure ACONfig lt instrument gt ICSequence on page 158 Instrument Connection Configuration The Instrument Connection Configuration dialog box contains functionality that is necessary to successfully establish a connection in a network of analyzers The dialog box contains several elements Interface Type Number IP Address or Computer Name Subsystem Lan 1 11 y o y LOCALHOST INSTR VISA RSC TCPIP LOCALHOST Test Connection cos 73 Interface Type Selects the type of interface you want to use You have to connect the analyzer or oscilloscope via LAN interface or the IEEE bus GPIB Number Selects the number of the interface if the PC
199. surement window Example DISP WIND2 SEL Selects screen B Usage Event Managing Files 9 10 Managing Files FORMA A e b a ded rec aetna 190 MMEMory EOAD BEModsetling 2 icti crei aro 190 MMEMsryiE OADIIQUSTATO6 iie pene paxuauoc a as se Oba eco ab LER da 190 MMEMon STORE DEMOSSOUIFIG cci aet eoe exer exe ene eerie 191 MMEMOory STORGIO STA T KEE 191 FORMat DATA lt Format gt This command specifies the data format for the data transmission between the LTE measurement application and the remote client Supported formats are ASCII or REAL32 Parameters lt Format gt ASCii REAL RST ASCii Example FORM REAL The software will send binary data in Real32 data format MMEMory LOAD DEModsetting lt Path gt This command restores previously saved demodulation settings We The file must be of type allocation and depends on the link direction that was cur rently selected when the file was saved You can load only files with correct link direc tions Setting parameters lt Path gt String containing the path and name of the file Example MMEM LOAD DEM D USER Settingsfile allocation Usage Setting only MMEMory LOAD IQ STATe lt Path gt This command restores l Q data from a file Setting parameters lt Path gt String containing the path and name of the source file Example MMEM LOAD IQ STAT C R_S Instr user data ig tar Loads UO data from the specif
200. surements The spectrum flatness settings contain settings that define certain aspects of those measurements The Spectrum Flatness measurement settings are part of the General Settings tab of the General Settings dialog box General Analyzer Config MIMO Setup Trigger Spectrum Advanced Spectrum Flatness Settings Operating Band Index 1 Extreme Conditions F Operating Band NdeX DEM 66 Exitemes eeler Sui data si 66 Operating Band Index Selects one of the 40 operating bands for spectrum flatness measurements as defined in TS 36 101 The operating band defines the frequency band and the dedicated duplex mode Remote command SENSe LTE SFLatness OBANd on page 164 Extreme Conditions Turns extreme conditions on and off If you turn the extreme conditions on the software will modify the limit lines for the limit check of the spectral flatness measurement Remote command SENSe LTE SFLatness ECONditions on page 164 4 5 Advanced Settings The advanced settings contain settings to configure the signal input and some global measurement analysis settings You can find the advanced settings in the General Settings dialog box Controlling WO e nna drei a pata 67 e Configuring the Baseband Inpul ceret eee iR nnn RR calada 67 e Using Advanced Input Gettings nnne 68 Configuring the Digital Q INPUt conan aid 69 e Global d Te EE 69 Advanced Settings 4 5 1 Controlling UO D
201. symbol EVM that has been found over the analyzed slots e Maximum EVM This trace shows the highest average OFDM symbol EVM that has been found over the analyzed slots If you select and analyze one slot only the result display contains one trace that shows the OFDM symbol EVM for that slot only Average minimum and maximum values in that case are the same For more information see Subframe Selection on page 59 User Manual 1308 9135 42 15 36 R amp S FS K101 103 105PC Measurements and Result Displays The x axis represents the OFDM symbols with each symbol represented by a dot on the line The number of displayed symbols depends on the Subframe Selection and the length of the cyclic prefix Any missing connections from one dot to another mean that the analyzer could not determine the EVM for that symbol In case of TDD signals the result display does not show OFDM symbols that are not part of the measured link direction On the y axis the EVM is plotted either in or in dB depending on the EVM vs Symbol Maximum 0 00 Minimum 0 0012 0 001 0 0008 70 80 ER 100 110 120 130 140 Symbol Number Remote command Selecting the result display C Querying results EVM vs Sym x Carr The EVM vs Symbol x Carrier shows the EVM for each carrier in each symbol The horizontal axis represents the symbols The vertical axis represents the carriers Different colors in the diagram area represent the EVM The color map for the
202. t display Remote command Selecting the result display CAL Culate lt screenid gt FEED PVT TAER Querying results FETCh TAERror CC lt cci gt ANTenna lt antenna gt AVERage on page 130 Selecting reference antenna CONFigure LTE UL MIMO ASELection on page 158 3 3 Measuring the Error Vector Magnitude EVM This chapter contains information on all measurements that show the error vector mag nitude EVM of a signal The EVM is one of the most important indicators for the quality of a signal For more information on EVM calculation methods refer to chapter 8 Measurement Basics on page 102 EVM WS Cant n H H u 35 EVM VsSymbgl 5 steen ege ao 36 EVM YS SYM COI MC 37 EVM ys SUBANG deeg egen eed tede rete eere Age 38 EVM vs Carrier Starts the EVM vs Carrier result display This result display shows the Error Vector Magnitude EVM of the subcarriers With the help of a marker you can use it as a debugging technique to identify any subcarri ers whose EVM is too high The results are based on an average EVM that is calculated over the resource ele ments for each subcarrier This average subcarrier EVM is determined for each ana lyzed slot in the capture buffer If you analyze all slots the result display contains three traces e Average EVM This trace shows the subcarrier EVM averaged over all slots e Minimum EVM This trace shows the lowest average subcarrier EVM that
203. t eher babe De epe enn bana din 173 CONFigure LTE UL CC lt cci gt BW lt Bandwidth gt This command selects the channel bandwidth Parameters lt Bandwidth gt BW1 40 BW3_00 BW5_00 BW10_00 BW15_00 BW20 00 Example Single carrier measurement CONF UL BW BW1 40 Defines a channel bandwidth of 1 4 MHz Example Aggregated carrier measurement CONF UL CC1 BW BW5 00 Defines a channel bandwidth of 5 MHz for the first carrier CONFigure LTE UL CC lt cci gt CYCPrefix lt PrefixLength gt This command selects the cyclic prefix Parameters lt PrefixLength gt Example Example Remote Commands to Configure the Demodulation NORM Normal cyclic prefix length EXT Extended cyclic prefix length AUTO Automatic cyclic prefix length detection RST AUTO Single carrier measurements CONF UL CYCP EXT Selects an extended cyclic prefix Aggregated carrier measurements CONF UL CC1 CYCP EXT Selects an extended cyclic prefix for the first carrier CONFigure LTE UL CC lt cci gt TDD SPSC lt Configuration gt This command selects the special TDD subframe configuration Parameters lt Configuration gt Example Example lt numeric value gt Single carrier measurements CONF UL TDD SPSC 2 Selects special subframe configuration 2 Carrier aggregation measurements CONF UL CC1 TDD SPSC 2 Selects special subframe configur
204. t the best dynamic range you have to set the reference level as low as possible At the same time make sure that the maximum signal level does not exceed the refer ence level If it does it will overload the A D converter regardless of the signal power Measurement results may deteriorate e g EVM This applies especially for measure ments with more than one active channel near the one you are trying to measure 6 MHz Note that the signal level at the A D converter may be stronger than the level the appli cation displays depending on the current resolution bandwidth This is because the resolution bandwidths are implemented digitally after the A D converter You can either specify the RF Reference Level in dBm or Baseband Reference Level in V depending on the input source You can also use automatic detection of the reference level with the Auto Level function If active the software measures and sets the reference level to its ideal value before each sweep This process slightly increases the measurement time You can define the measurement time of that measurement with the Auto Level Track Time gt Advanced tab Automatic level detection also optimizes RF attenuation Automatic level detection is available for an RF input source The software shows the current reference level of the first input channel including RF and external attenuation in the header table Master Ref Level Remote command Manual RF C
205. taneous transmission of the SRS and PUCCH in one subframe on CONFigure LTE UL SRS BHOP lt Bandwidth gt This command defines the frequency hopping bandwidth yop Parameters lt Bandwidth gt lt numeric value gt RST 0 Example CONF UL SRS BHOP 1 Sets the frequency hopping bandwidth to 1 CONFigure LTE UL SRS BSRS lt Bandwidth gt This command defines the bandwidth of the SRS Bags Parameters lt Bandwidth gt lt numeric value gt RST 0 Example CONF UL SRS BSRS 1 Sets the SRS bandwidth to 1 CONFigure LTE UL SRS CSRS lt Configuration gt This command defines the SRS bandwidth configuration Cgps Parameters lt Configuration gt lt numeric value gt RST 0 Example CONF UL SRS CSRS 2 Sets the SRS bandwidth configuration to 2 Remote Commands to Configure the Demodulation CONFigure LTE UL SRS CYCS lt CyclicShift gt Sets the cyclic shift n_CS used for the generation of the sounding reference signal CAZAC sequence Parameters lt CyclicShift gt lt numeric value gt RST 0 Example CONF UL SRS CYCS 2 Sets the cyclic shift to 2 CONFigure LTE UL SRS ISRS lt Conflndex gt This command defines the SRS configuration index Isrs Parameters lt Conflndex gt lt numeric value gt RST 0 Example CONF UL SRS ISRS 1 Sets the configuration index to 1 CONFigure LTE UL SRS MUPT lt State gt This command turns SRS MaxUpPts on a
206. the General Settings dialog box For more information see MIMO Analyzer Configuration on page 62 Data Source Instr File Selects the general input source an instrument or a file For more information see Selecting the Input Source on page 54 Dongle License Info Opens the Rohde amp Schwarz License Information dialog box The dialog box contains functionality to add new registered licenses For more infor mation see chapter 2 1 Licensing the Software on page 14 Check Licen Looks for all smartcards connected to the computer and returns their ses characteristics like the serial number of the smartcard or its device ID Note that the smartcard has to be connected to figure out its proper ties Enter License Opens an input field to manually enter a new license key code A key Key Code code consists of 30 digits Process Opens a dialog box to select a file xml format that contains a License File license Opening that file automatically adds a new license Show Logging Opens a dialog box that contains a log of all messages that the software has shown in the status bar Use the message log for debugging purposes in case any errors occur You can refresh and clear the contents of the log or copy the contents of the system log to the clipboard Refresh Updates the contents of the log Configuring the Software Clear All Deletes all entries in the log Copy to Clip Copies the contents of the log
207. those results EVM PUSCH QPSK Shows the EVM for all QPSK modulated resource elements of the PUSCH channel in the analyzed frame FETCh SUMMar y EVM USQP AVERage on page 127 EVM PUSCH 16QAM Shows the EVM for all 16QAM modulated resource elements of the PUSCH channel in the analyzed frame FETCh SUMMar y EVM USST AVERage on page 127 EVM PUSCH 64QAM Shows the EVM for all 64QAM modulated resource elements of the PUSCH channel in the analyzed frame FETCh SUMMary EVM USSF AVERage on page 127 EVM DRMS PUSCH QPSK Shows the EVM of all DMRS resource elements with QPSK modulation of the PUSCH in the analyzed frame FETCh SUMMary EVM SDQP AVERage on page 125 User Manual 1308 9135 42 15 31 EVM DRMS PUSCH 16QAM EVM DRMS PUSCH 64QAM EVM PUCCH EVM DMRS PUCCH EVM PRACH Numerical Results Shows the EVM of all DMRS resource elements with 16QAM modulation of the PUSCH in the analyzed frame FETCh SUMMary EVM SDST AVERage on page 126 Shows the EVM of all DMRS resource elements with 64QAM modulation of the PUSCH in the analyzed frame FETCh SUMMary EVM SDSF AVERage on page 125 Shows the EVM of all resource elements of the PUCCH channel in the ana lyzed frame FETCh SUMMary EVM UCCH AVERage on page 126 Shows the EVM of all DMRS resource elements of the PUCCH channel in the analyzed frame FETCh SUMMary EVM UCCD AVERage on page 126 Shows the EVM of all resour
208. to the reference level Master Ref Level Remote command RF attenuation INPut lt n gt ATTenuation lt instrument gt on page 153 External attenuation DISPlay WINDow lt n gt TRACe lt t gt Y SCALe RLEVel OFFSet on page 153 4 1 4 Configuring the Data Capture The data capture settings contain settings that control the amount of data and the way that the software records the LTE signal The data capture settings are part of the General Settings tab of the General Set tings dialog box General Analyzer Config MIMO Setup Trigger Spectrum Advanced Data Capture Settings Capture Time 20 10 ms Overall Frame Count lv Num of Frames to Analyze pem Auto Acc to Standard lv elsi TU PME 56 Overall Frame CODE taa 57 Number of Frames to Analyzer 57 Auto According to SMA as 57 Capture Time Defines the capture time R amp S FS K101 103 105PC General Settings The capture time corresponds to the time of one sweep Hence it defines the amount of data the software captures during one sweep By default the software captures 20 1 ms of data to make sure that at least one com plete LTE frame is captured in one sweep The software shows the current capture time including the frame number in the header table Capture Time Frame Remote command SENSe SWEep TIME on page 153 Overall Frame Count Turns the manual selection of the number of frames to capture and analyze on
209. to Demodulation different to Subframe Configuration amp DMRS e the transmit signals of all available Tx antennas have to added together SRS EVM Calculation 8 6 SRS EVM Calculation In order to calculate an accurate EVM a channel estimation needs to be done prior to the EVM calculation However the channel estimation requires a minimum of two resource elements containing reference symbols on a subcarrier Depending on the current Channel Estimation Range setting this means that either at least two reference symbols Pilot Only or one reference symbol and at least one data symbol Pilot and Payload need to be available on the subcarrier the EVM is to be measured For PUSCH PUCCH and PRACH regions these conditions are normally fulfilled because the DMRS Demodulation Reference Signal is already included However the SRS may also be located on subcarriers which do not occupy any other reference symbols see figure 8 9 EUTRA LTE SC FDMA Timeplan 6 SC FDMA Symbols a 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 10 1 10 2 10 3 10 4 10 5 10 6 10 7 10 8 Time ms i UE1 SRS UE2 PUCCH Region ues EE irst Subframe 10 No Of Subframes Fig 8 9 No EVM can be measured for the SRS In this case it is not reasonable to calculate an EVM and no SRS EVM value will be displayed for the corresponding subframe If the SRS subcarriers contain two DMRS symbols or one DMRS and one PUSCH for Pilot and Payload channel estimation range the SRS E
210. ts In single sweep mode you can synchronize to the end of the measurement with OPC In continuous sweep mode synchronization to the end of the sweep is not possible Example INIT Initiates a new measurement Usage Event INITiate REFResh This command updates the current UO measurement results to reflect the current mea surement settings No new UO data is captured Thus measurement settings apply to the l Q data cur rently in the capture buffer The command applies exclusively to UO measurements It requires I Q data 9 5 Remote Commands to Read Numeric Results Example INIT REFR The application updates the IQ results Usage Event SENSe SYNC STATe This command queries the current synchronization state Return values lt State gt The string contains the following information A zero represents a failure and a one represents a successful synchronization If no compatible frame has been found the command returns 0 0 0 Example SYNC STAT Would return e g 1 for successful synchronization Usage Query only Remote Commands to Read Numeric Results ai leie Eeer E Lt KEE 124 FETCH SUMMary CRE Sr MiNimum nana nn nana na nana nannnnnnnns 124 FETCH SUMMan ORESITAVER RE 124 FETCH SUMMaryEVNICALLEMAX MUA cocos 124 FETCh SUMMary EVM ALL MINimum nn nnne tenentes 124 FETOCRSUMMar EVMFALLI E ertet daria 124 FETCh SUMMary EVM PCHannel MAXimum ronca 125 FETCh SUMMary
211. ts for SSE ae User Manual 1308 9135 42 15 60 4 2 Configuring MIMO Measurement Setups For more information see MIMO Configuration on page 62 Remote command SENSe LTE ANTenna SELect on page 155 Configuring Time Alignment Measurements The Time Alignment measurement settings contain settings that define certain aspects of this measurement The Time Alignment measurement settings are part of the General Settings tab of the General Settings dialog box General Analyzer Config MIMO Setup Trigger Spectrum Advanced Time Alignment Measurement Settings Num of Component Carriers 2 y CC2 Frequency 1 GHz CC2 DEMOD SETTINGS Gamer AGIA e M an aAA Ea A aa aaa a a ai 61 Carrier Aggregation The software supports Time Alignment Error measurements with carrier aggregation Select the number of carriers from the Number of Component Carriers dropdown menu If you select more than one carrier define the frequency of the other carrier in the CC2 Frequency field The CC2 Demod Settings button opens a dialog box to configure the signal charac teristics of the second carrier This dialog contains a selection of the demodulation set tings For more information see chapter 5 Demod Settings on page 71 Note that the software shows measurement results for the second component carrier even if only one antenna of the second component carrier is attached i e no combiner is used R
212. ual 1308 9135 42 15 30 R amp S FS K101 103 105PC Measurements and Result Displays Result Summary 3GPP EVM Results Mean Mean Limit Wax Max Limit EVM PRACH Results for Selection Preamble ALL The table is split in two parts The first part shows results that refer to the complete frame It also indicates limit check results where available The font of Pass results is green and that of Fail results is red By default the software checks the limits defined by the standard You can also import customized limits In that case the software evaluates those limits instead of the prede fined ones For more information see chapter 7 4 Importing and Exporting Limits on page 101 Note The EVM results on a frame level first part of the table are calculated as defined by 3GPP at the edges of the cyclic prefix The other EVM results lower part of the table are calculated at the optimal timing position in the middle of the cyclic prefix Because of inter symbol interference the EVM calculated at the edges of the cyclic prefix is higher than the EVM calculated in the middle of the cyclic prefix Note In some cases it is not possible to calculate the UO Gain Imbalance and the UO Quadrature Error The reason may be that the subframe selection is set to All In that case the software only displays the results if there is a result in all subframes Try and search through individual subframes to find a subframe that provides
213. ucture type 2 random access preamble mapping in time and frequency 3GPP TS 36 211 v10 2 0 The frequency resource index and half frame indicator are available in TDD mode Remote command CONFigure LTE UL PRACh APM on page 187 CONFigure LTE UL PRACh FRINdex on page 188 CONFigure LTE UL PRACh HFINdicator on page 188 5 3 6 Defining Global Signal Characteristics The global settings contain settings that apply to the complete signal The global settings are part of the Uplink Advanced Signal Characteristics tab of the Demodulation Settings dialog box Defining Advanced Signal Characteristics Uplink Demodulation Settings Uplink Signal Characteristics Uplink Advanced Signal Characteristics Global Settings UE ID n RNTI D WE ARAN RR DEET 94 UE ID n_RNTI Sets the radio network temporary identifier RNTI of the UE Remote command CONFigure LTE UL UEID on page 189 6 Analyzing Measurement Results The measurement software provides several tools to get more detailed information on the measurement results The corresponding tools are part of the context menu gt To access the context menu click anywhere in the diagram grid with the right mouse button Marker Set Marker to D Zoom D Pan D Copy Image to Clipboard Show Data Points Default Zoom On Update Fig 6 1 Context menu Using the marker You can use a marker to get the coordinates of a single point in t
214. uency sweep measurements available for the EUTRA LTE measurement software They do not use the I Q data all other measure ments use Instead those measurements sweep the frequency spectrum every time you run a new measurement Therefore it is not possible to to run an UO measurement and then view the results in the frequency sweep measurements and vice versa Also because each of the frequency sweep measurements uses different settings to obtain signal data it is not possible to run a frequency sweep measurement and view the results in another frequency sweep measurement pm PED E EH User Manual 1308 9135 42 15 38 R amp S FS K101 103 105PC Measurements and Result Displays Frequency sweep measurements are available if RF input is selected Note that unwanted emissions measurements for example the ACLR are not suppor ted for measurements with an oscilloscope Spectrum Mask Starts the Spectrum Emission Mask SEM result display The Spectrum Emission Mask measurement shows the quality of the measured signal by comparing the power values in the frequency range near the carrier against a spec tral mask that is defined by the 3GPP specifications In this way you can test the per formance of the DUT and identify the emissions and their distance to the limit In the diagram the SEM is represented by a red line If any measured power levels are above that limit line the test fails If all power levels are inside the specified limits t
215. ulate n LIMit k SUMMary EVM PSIGnal AVERage RESUIt sess 144 CAL Culate nzUMtczk GUMMarv EVM SDOPTAVERaoel RE Gut 144 CAL Culate nzUMt czk GUMMarv EVM GDGPEIAVERaoelRE Gut 145 CAL Culate nzUMt czk GUMMarv EVM GDGSTTIAVERaoelRE Gut 145 CAL Culate nzUMtczk GUMMarv EVM UCCDIAVERaoelRE Gut 145 CAL Culate nzUMtczk GUMMarv EVM UCCHIAVERaoelRE Gut 146 CALCulate lt n gt LIMit lt k gt SUMMary EVM UPRA AVERage RESuIt conc nncnnnnnos 146 CAlCulate nzLUlMitzks GUMMarnv EVM USOPIAVChRaoelHE Gut 146 CAL Culate lt n gt LIMit lt k gt SUMMary EVM USSF AVERage RESult CALCulate n LIMit k SUMMary EVM USST AVERage RESUIt sees 147 CALCulate n LIMit k SUMMary EVM ALL MAXimum RESUuIt essen 143 CALCulate n LIMit k SUMMary EVM ALL AVERage RE Gut 143 CALCulate n LIMit k SUMMary FERRor MAXimum RESUItE essen 148 CALOCulate n LIMit k SUMMary FERRor AVERage RESUIE sse 148 CALCulate n LIMit k SUMMary GIMBalance MAXimum RESUIt eese 148 CALCulate n LIMit k SUMMary GIMBalance AVERage RESUIt seen 148 CALCulate n LIMit k SUMMary IQOFfset MAXimum RESult essen 148 CAL CGulate nzLUlMitcks GUMManv IOOFtzelAVChRaoelHRE Gut 148 CALCulate n LIMit k SUMMary QUADerror MAXimum
216. work GPIB Compatibility LXI oleic eles MU717180 IP Address 10 113 11 154 2 3 2 4 Figuring Out the Address of an R amp S RTO Follow these steps to figure out the network address of an R amp S RTO gt Press the SETUP key The R amp S RTO opens a dialog box that contains general information about the sys tem Screen SW Options HW Options Remote Settings LXI Setup x Instrument firmware versions System configuration Firmware version Computer name Mozos sem Bios version DHCP RTO BIOS WE Network 7 Image version IP Address 2 4 Application Overview Starting the application To start the software use either the shortcut on the computer desktop or the entry in the Microsoft Windows Start menu If you run the software on an analyzer access the software via the Mode menu P Press the MODE key and select EUTRA LTE R amp S FS K101 103 105PC Welcome OEE Presetting the software When you first start the software all settings are in their default state After you have changed any parameter you can restore the default state with the PRESET key Note that using the preset function also presets an analyzer if one is connected and you capture the data from the hardware CONFigure PRESet on page 189 Using the preset if the software has been installed on an R amp S FSQ R amp S FSG R amp S FSV R amp S FSVR or R amp S FSW presets the software and the analyzer and exits the LTE software
217. ynchronized The Time Alignment Error is the time delay between a refer ence antenna for example antenna 1 and another antenna For more information see chapter 8 5 Performing Time Alignment Measurements on page 113 The software shows the results in a table Each row in the table represents one antenna The reference antenna is not shown For each antenna the maximum minimum and average time delay that has been mea sured is shown The minimum and maximum results are calculated only if the mea surement covers more than one subframe If you perform the measurement on a system with carrier aggregation each row repre sents one antenna The number of lines increases because of multiple carriers The reference antenna of the main component carrier CC1 is not shown In case of carrier aggregation the result display also evaluates the frequency error of the component carrier CC2 relative to the main component carrier CC1 User Manual 1308 9135 42 15 34 Measuring the Error Vector Magnitude EVM In any case results are only displayed if the transmission power of both antennas is within 15 dB of each other Likewise if only one antenna transmits a signal results will not be displayed for example if the cabling on one antenna is faulty You can select the reference antenna via Antenna Selection in the MIMO Configura tion When you perform a time alignment measurement the software also displays the Power Spectrum resul
218. ystem gt Open the context menu and select the Copy to Clipboard menu item Importing and Exporting UO Data 7 Data Management 7 1 For easy handling of special measurement configurations the software allows you to import or export various kinds of data Importing and Exporting l Q Data Instead of capturing data directly through hardware components you can also analyze data that has been recorded previously and saved in a file On the same lines it is also possible to save the data that has been captured with an analyzer for further analysis at a later time or for documentation You can store and load UO data in binary or ASCII format For a correct display of the power the I Q data has to be scaled linearily in Volt e g for the Capture Buffer result display Loading UO data Load the contents of an UO data file into the software fast and easy by dragging and dropping the file somwhere into the user interface The software updates the UO data to be measured automatically All functionality to import and export data is in the File menu or file manager that you can access via the FILE key ASCII format dat format In case of the ASCII dat format the data is expected as and Q values in alternating rows value 1 Q value 1 value 2 gt Q value 2 To be able to analyze previously recorded data you have to set the input source to File When you start a measurement the software w
219. zed sequentially The usage of an LTE frame trigger is not possible for this measurement setup Measurements with a frame trigger signal You can use a frame trigger if all transmitted LTE frames use the same frame configu ration and contain the same data In this case the analyzers in the test setup capture data from different LTE frames but with the same content This method to analyze data however raises one issue The phase variations of the reference oscillators of the different signals that are transmitted are not the same because the data is not captured simultaneously The result is a phase error which degrades the EVM see the figures below An application for this measurement method is for example the test of the MIMO pre coding implementation Because of the bad EVM values it is not recommended to use this test setup to measure hardware performance MIMO Measurement Guide AR AAA A TJ 9 P e Kai 7 0 CS IS Le Sa HIE n 4 4 4 4 AA SE H e NE l EO E A ETA TA 14 amp 0 A 4 Eat yi KI A EE HE oe ee aLi X ji le 4 IF oa eee eK gt X 12 4 oa a oa a2 a ae b 08 1 12 Bet Fig 8 3 Constellation diagram b 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 du ettet i L 4 el an 1 4 en ek E E ADT 4 4 m w A 4 0 1 a n An Ki a Bee LJ EJ wm no uw vo wn Fig 8 4 EVM vs OFDM symbol number Measurements with the R amp S FS Z11 trigger unit The trigger unit R

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R&S®FS-K10x(PC) LTE Measurement Software (Uplink) User Manual