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1. Im EN E Tx Tx Rx an Y Rx COMPUTER i THE TRANSMITTED SIGNAL AT THIS END P MODEL 6010 P BECOMES THE RECEIVED SIGNAL AT THIS END REAR PANEL Tx Tx Tx an Y Rx Rx COMPUTER MODEM MODEM Figure 4 2 Serial Port Connection Schemes Generally most communications problems are caused by incorrect wiring or failure to match the characteristics baud rate parity etc Consult the documentation for the computer or PLC to determine the signal assignments for its communication connector Again the hardware handshake lines RTS and CTS are not supported and should be ignored REMOTE COMMAND STANDARDS Prior to 1987 most instruments that featured RS 232 communi cations interfaces had their own unique commands for exchanging information Eventually some manufacturers began 4 3 REMOTE OPERATION offering models that recognized other manufacturer s commands so that customers could easily switch over without making extensive changes to their programs The IEEE 488 1987 2 standard also called IEEE 488 2 was one step toward creating a universal way to communicate with any instrument regardless of the manufacturer or the type of instrument used This was later enhanced by the SCPI 1991 standard Software Co
2. W a I V DIVISION OF BELL TECHNOLOGIES INC Model 6010 GAUSS TESLA METER Instruction Manual Manual UN 01 247 Item 359933 July 1999 Rev C Bell Technologies Inc All rights reserved IN This symbol appears on the instrument and probe It refers the operator to additional information contained in this instruction manual also identified by the same symbol NOTICE See Pages 3 1 and 3 2 for SAFETY instructions prior to first use Table of Contents SECTION 1 INTRODUCTION Understanding Flux Density sees ees ee ee ee ee ee ee 1 1 Measurement of Flux Density iese ee ee ee 1 2 Product DESC POI iO occa e A eu rd esteem ED tend 1 5 ADDIIGATIONS 2 sesta ebd epu boe ME RS ois 1 7 SECTION 2 SPECIFICATIONS Instr migritus ceca etd ca e qi de d rar or SEA EB Aw a en Us 2 1 Zero Flux OBatbel soto etm doen Rd eS 2 5 SECTION 3 OPERATING INSTRUCTIONS Safety InsirucliOtls eei ete e RE Gt ati en Eben 3 1 General Description e wa au e me pe ete wae VERE 3 3 Instrument Preparation eee enr s EE s 3 5 Power Upa stc nette edet meti edat ee ee catre 3 5 Power Up Sellllgs etate tete oL ona ee Ee ES DE 3 7 Low Battery Condition sseseeeenee 3 7 Overrange COMCMIOM ay coste cies treed etes 3 8
3. Questionable Summary Bit MSB Measurement Summary Bit EAV Error Available RSQ Request For Service 4 8 If any of the bits in the OPERATION EVENT register set and their respective enable bits are set the Operation Summary Bit OSB will set If any of the bits in the STANDARD EVENT register set and their respective enable bits are set the Event Summary Bit ESB will set If any of the bits in the QUESTIONABLE EVENT register set and their respective enable bits are set the Questionable Summary Bit QSB will set If any of the bits in the MEASUREMENT EVENT register set and their respective enable bits are set the Measurement Summary Bit MSB will set This bit sets any time there is an error message available in the error buffer If any of the other bits in the STATUS BYTE are set and their respective enable bits are set in the STATUS ENABLE register the Request For Service RQS will set REMOTE OPERATION STANDARD EVENT REGISTER If any of these bits set and their respective enable bits are set the Event Summary Bit ESB will set in the STATUS BYTE 7 6 5 4 E 2 1 O PON CME EXE DDE OPC Figure 4 5 Standard Event register PON Indicates that the meter was turned off Power On and on since the last communication CME Indicates that there was a syntax or Command Error spelling error in the command or the c
4. F W BELL s obligation under this warranty is limited to servicing or adjusting any instrument returned to the factory for that purpose and to replace any defective parts thereof This warranty covers instruments which within one year after delivery to the original purchaser shall be returned with transportation charges prepaid by the original purchaser and which upon examination shall disclose to F W BELL s satisfaction to be defective If it is determined that the defect has been caused by misuse or abnormal conditions of operation repairs will be billed at cost after submitting an estimate to the purchaser F W BELL reserves the right to make changes in design at any time without incurring any obligation to install same on units previously purchased THE ABOVE WARRANTY IS EXPRESSLY IN LIEU OF ALL OTHER WARRANTIES EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED AND ALL OTHER OBLIGATIONS AND LIABILITIES ON THE PART OF F W BELL AND NO PERSON INCLUDING ANY DISTRIBUTOR AGENT OR REPRESENTATIVE OF F W BELL IS AUTHORIZED TO ASSUME FOR F W BELL ANY LIABILITY ON ITS BEHALF OR ITS NAME EXCEPT TO REFER THE PURCHASER TO THIS WARRANTY THE ABOVE EXPRESS WARRANTY IS THE ONLY WARRANTY MADE BY F W BELL F W BELL DOES NOT MAKE AND EXPRESSLY DISCLAIMS ANY OTHER WARRANTIES EITHER EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED INCLUDING WITHOUT LIMITING THE FOREGOING WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE OR ARISING BY STATUE OR OTHERWISE IN LAW OR FROM A COURSE OF DEA
5. 4 36 REMOTE OPERATION PRINT Press any key to continue DO LOOP UNTIL INKEY lt gt CLS The user is now instructed to insert the probe into the zero flux chamber or any dc field lower than 30 mT 300G The meter will be instructed to perform an automatic zeroing which will take several seconds to complete If the meter reports an error the error message will be displayed PRINT The automatic zeroing function will now be demonstrated PRINT PRINT Insert the probe into the zero flux chamber or in any magnetic PRINT field less than 30 mT 300 G PRINT PRINT Press any key when reagy PRINT DO LOOP UNTIL INKEY lt gt PRINT AUTO ZERO is in process please wait METER CMD SYSTEM AZERO CALL METER I O 1 15 METER CMD SYSTEM ERR CALL METER I O 1 1 POS1 INSTR METER RESP IF VAL LEFT METER RESP POS1 1 lt gt 0 THEN CLS BEEP PRINT The meter has reported an error of METER RESP PRINT PRINT Press any key to continue DO LOOP UNTIL INKEY lt gt CLS END IF 4 37 REMOTE OPERATION The meter is now set to the dc tesla mode with a fixed range of 300 mT CLS PRINT Programming meter for DC TESLA mode 300 mT range METER CMDS SYSTEM CLEAR CALL METER I O 1 1 METER CMD UNIT FLUX DC TESLA SENSE FLUX RANGE 1 CALL METER I O 1 2 Flux density readings are acquired and displayed on a continuous basis The user can move
6. AC and Static DC magnetic fields Units Selects between Gauss G Tesla T Ampere per meter A m If a temperature compensated probe is attached it also allows the selection between degrees Fahrenheit F and degrees Celsius C 3 3 OPERATING INSTRUCTIONS C 00O DS Zero Used to null low level magnetic field and electrical offsets Relative Used to offset an existing magnetic field Once the relative mode is activated all measurements are made relative to this field Manual Offset Allows for a manual fine adjustment of zero point Hold Selects between Peak Hold Max Hold and Min Hold and Fast Peak Hold Reset Clears the held reading during HOLD operation N To prevent electrical shock do not remove cover before disconnecting from power A All input output voltages on the front and rear panel except line lt 20V WARNING For continued safety replace fuse and battery with same type Refer servicing to qualified service personnel MODEL 6010 sea 9823001 MEE MADE IN USA EW BEL Analog Output RS232 ce ind 3 2 Figure 3 3 Rear Panel 50 60 Hz 100 240 VAC FUSE 250V 250mAT Power Entry Accepts 100 Vac to 240 Vac and contains line fuse RS 232 Port Shielded 9 pin D connector supporting RS 232 C serial communication Analog Output
7. SENSe HOLD STATe SENSe HOLD RESet 4 28 Selects the HOLD function where n is a single ASCII digit as follows 0 All HOLD modes turned off 1 MIN HOLD on 2 MAX HOLD on 3 PEAK HOLD on 4 FAST PEAK HOLD on Returns an ASCII digit representing the present HOLD mode setting as follows 0 All HOLD modes turned off 1 MIN HOLD on 2 MAX HOLD on 3 PEAK HOLD on 4 FAST PEAK HOLD on This command resets the presently held reading REMOTE OPERATION ZERO COMMAND This command initiates an automatic ZERO operation See Section 3 for more information SYSTem AZERo Automatic zeroing is initiated upon receipt of this command Note If the meter has been configured to measure only temperature via the DISPlay FORMat and a zero command is used a 201 hardware error message will be generated RELATIVE COMMANDS These commands control the RELATIVE function See Section 3 for more information SYSTem ARELative STATe n The relative function is turned off when n is 0 When n is 1 the relative function is turned on using the previously generated relative value if any When n is 2 the relative function is turned on and an automatic relative operation is initiated SYSTem ARELative STATe Returns a single ASCII digit indicating the on off state of the relative function AO indicates the relative function is turned off A 1 indicates the relative function is turne
8. an overrange condition may appear on the display This situation can also lead to erratic behavior if the automatic ranging feature is being used The presence of an ac signal can be verified by observing the analog output signal or by using the ac mode to determine the magnitude of the ac component TEMPERATURE EFFECTS The probe s dc offset and sensitivity are affected by temperature Using temperature compensated probes will minimize these effects There can be substantial errors in uncompensated probes A typical probe s dc offset can change by 40 1 G C Itis best to allow the probe s temperature to stabilize before performing a ZERO operation The probe s sensitivity will drop as temperature increases Probes are calibrated at ambient temperature 23 C A typical probe may change by 0 0596 C For instance a reading of 200 mT at 23 C may drop to 197 mT at 50 C 3 32 Section 4 Remote Operation RS 232 INTERFACE PARAMETERS Prior to using the RS 232 serial port several parameters such as baud rate and character length must be set on the computer or PLC to match that of the meter The meter s parameters cannot be changed These are BAUD RATE 2400 CHARACTER LENGTH 8 PARITY NONE STOP BITS 1 RS 232 INTERFACE CONNECTION EMC APPLICATION NOTE Use only high quality double shielded cables for RS 232 connection Keep the length of the cables less than 3 meters Long cables gt 3m with insufficient EMI shield
9. is turned on TEMP M pe Figure 3 8 The legends associated with the UNIT function OPERATING INSTRUCTIONS RANGE SELECTION The meter is capable of providing flux density measurements on one of three fixed ranges or it can be programmed to automatically select the best range for the present flux density In MANUAL range mode the available ranges are listed in the SPECIFICATIONS section of this manual The ranges advance in decade steps The lowest range offers the best resolution while the highest range allows higher flux levels to be measured In the AUTO range mode the range is advanced if the reading reaches the full scale of the present range This is 2999 if in the gauss or tesla mode such as 299 9 G or 299 9 mT or 2387 if in the ampere meter mode such as 23 87 kA m The range is lowered if the present reading falls below 10 of full scale for the present range The speed at which the readings are updated decreases slightly when AUTO ranging is used NOTE When the MANUAL RANGE indicator does not appear the instrument is in AUTOmatic ranging mode Also the AUTO range selection will be canceled if the RELATIVE mode or HOLD mode is turned on Press the RANGE pushbutton for the desired range This setting is saved and will be restored the next time the meter is turned on NOTE The RANGE pushbutton has no effect when measuring temperature on the main upper readout 3 12 OPERATING INSTRUCTIONS HOLD M
10. 1 1 INTRODUCTION commonly used term is the tes a T which is 10 000 lines per CM Thus 1 tesla 10 000 gauss 1 gauss 0 0001 tesla Magnetic field strength is a measure of force produced by an electric current or a permanent magnet It is the ability to induce a magnetic field B It is commonly assigned the symbol H in scientific documents The unit of H in the cgs system is an oersted Oe but the ampere meter A m is more commonly used The relationship is 1 oersted 79 6 ampere meter 1 ampere meter 0 01256 oersted It is important to know that magnetic field strength and magnetic flux density are not the same The only time the two are considered equal is in free space Only in free space is the following relationship true 1G 1Oe 0 0001 T 79 6 Am MEASUREMENT OF FLUX DENSITY A device commonly used to measure flux density is the Hall generator A Hall generator is a thin slice of a semiconductor material to which four leads are attached at the midpoint of each edge as shown in Figure 1 2 1 2 INTRODUCTION UJ NN Ls A pr Generator m n Figure 1 2 Hall Generator A constant current Ic is forced through the material In a zero magnetic field there is no voltage difference between the other two edges When flux lines pass through the material the path of the current bends closer to one edge creating a voltage difference known as the Hall voltage Vh In an ideal H
11. 13 REMOTE OPERATION CLS CLEAR STATUS ESE lt NRf gt PROGRAM STANDARD EVENT ENABLE REGISTER ESE STANDARD EVENT ENABLE REGISTER QUERY ESR STANDARD EVENT REGISTER QUERY IDN IDENTIFICATION QUERY OPC SET OPERATION COMPLETE 4 14 Clears the MEASUREMENT EVENT OPERATION EVENT STANDARD EVENT and QUESTIONABLE EVENT registers but not their enable registers lt also clears the error buffer A set bit in the STANDARD EVENT ENABLE register allows its corresponding event to set the ESB event summary bit in the STATUS BYTE register lt NRf gt is an ASCII string representing an integer mask For instance a value of 45 decimal is the same as binary 00101101 thus setting bits 5 3 2 and 0 in the enable register Returns the contents of the STANDARD EVENT ENABLE register Returns the contents of the STANDARD EVENT register NOTE The STANDARD EVENT register is cleared after an ESR command Returns the following string GAUSS TESLA Meter Rx x The Rx x string is the firmware revision level where x x is a decimal number such as 1 1 Causes the OPC operation complete bit to set in the STANDARD EVENT register when all commands have been executed OPC OPERATION COMPLETE QUERY OPT OPTION IDENTIFICATION QUERY SRE lt NRf gt PROGRAM STATUS ENABLE REGISTER SRE STATUS ENABLE REGISTER QUERY REMOTE OPERATION Causes the OPC operation complete
12. 50 60 Hz 2 2 INTERNAL BATTERY Lead Acid BATTERY LIFE Time between charges METER DIMENSIONS Length Width Height WEIGHT Instrument Shipping REGULATORY INFORMATION SPECIFICATIONS Rechargeable Sealed 8 hours typical 31 75cm 12 5 in 25 4 cm 10 in 11 43 cm 4 5 in 4 0 kg 8 8 lbs 6 2 kg 13 7 Ibs Compliance was demonstrated to the following specifications as listed in the official Journal of the European Communities EN 50082 1 1992 IEC 801 2 1991 Second Edition IEC 1000 4 2 1995 ENV 50140 1993 IEC 1000 4 3 1995 EN 50081 1 1992 EN 55011 1991 EN61010 1 1993 Generic Immunity Electrostatic Discharge Immunity Radiated Electromagnetic Field Immunity Generic Emissions Radiated and Conducted Emissions Safety 2 3 SPECIFICATIONS COMMUNICATIONS PORT Format Lines supported Connector type Cable length Receive input resistance Receive voltage limit Transmit output voltage Baud rate Stop bits Character length Parity Standards supported RS 232C Transmit receive common 9 pin D female 3 m 9 8 ft maximum 3 kohm minimum 30 V maximum 5 V min 8 V typical 2400 1 8 None IEEE 1987 2 SCPI 1991 EMC APPLICATION NOTE Use only high quality double shielded cables for RS 232 connection Keep the length of the cables less than 3 meters 9 8 ft Long cables 3m with insufficient EMI shielding can cause e
13. Connector A voltage signal representative of the magnetic flux density being measured is available at this BNC connector Calibration is set to 3 0 V full scale dc or 3 0 Vrms ac depending upon the mode of operation Minimum load is 10 kohm OPERATING INSTRUCTIONS INSTRUMENT PREPARATION Install the probe or probe extension cable by matching the key way in the connector to that in the mating socket in the meter The connector will lock in place To disconnect pull on the body of the plug not the cable POWER UP Depress the POWER switch There will be a momentary audible beeps and each display function will appear sequentially on the display MANUAL RANGE MkA m OOOO ac LI LI LI LI reve 7B B B B ec PEAK HOLD ZERO PROBE lt gt MAX HOLD RELATIVE LO HI MIN HOLD Figure 3 4 Power Up Display 3 5 OPERATING INSTRUCTIONS The instrument will conduct a self test before measurements begin If a problem is detected the phrase Err will appear on the display along with a 3 digit code The circuitry that failed will be retested and the error code will appear after each failure This process will continue indefinitely or until the circuitry passes the test A condition in which a circuit fails and then passes should not be ignored because it indicates an intermittent problem that should be corrected If the self test is successful the meter will perform a self calibration indicated by the phrase C
14. If no response is received the command will be issued again If still no response the global variable lt METER ERROR gt will be set to 1 and a normal return will be made RETRY 2 METER ERROR 0 Clear error flag DO UNTIL EOF 1 1 METER RESP INPUT LOC 1 1 Remove any residual bytes LOOP from the input buffer SEND COMMAND METER RESP Null response buffer PRINT 1 METER CMD CHR 10 Send command string followed by a line feed IF expect response 0 THEN EXIT SUB Return if no response expected 4 39 REMOTE OPERATION RESET TIMER START TIME TIMER Store as many characters as are in the input buffer If one of them is the line feed character return to caller with the response in the METER RESP buffer If no response is received within lt timeout gt seconds try again If still no response set lt METER ERROR gt to non zero and return LOOK FOR INPUT IF EOF 1 1 THEN IF TIMER START TIME gt timeout THEN RETRY RETRY 1 IF RETRY lt gt 0 THEN Send command one more time GOTO SEND COMMAND ELSE METER ERROR 1 Report an error if no response EXIT SUB END IF ELSE GOTO LOOK FOR INPUT END IF ELSE METER RESP METER RESP INPUT LOC 1 1 IF INSTR METER RESP CHR 10 0 THEN GOTO RESET TIMER EXIT SUB END IF END SUB 4 40 WARRANTY This instrument is warranted to be free of defects in material and workmanship
15. binary 1100 decimal 12 If you were to send the four ASCII characters 1100 it would be interpreted as decimal 1100 eleven hundred 5 A number returned from the instrument is an ASCII representation of a number For instance if the instrument returns the ASCII string 345 the number is decimal 345 three hundred forty five which translates to 159 hex 6 Multiple commands can be sent in one string The commands must be separated by semicolons For instance CLS IDN first clears the event registers and then requests model and manufacturer information If more than one of the commands in the string requests information from the instrument the instrument s response will also have semicolons separating the responses such as 345 0 10 REMOTE OPERATION COMMON COMMANDS ACRONYM NAME BRIEF DESCRIPTION __ CLS Clear status Clear all event registers EE enable enable register enable register register and clear it IDN Identification query Return manufacturer model number software version number OPC Set operation Set the Operation complete Complete bit in the standard event register after all commands have been executed OPC Operation complete Returns an ASCII 1 after executed identification query the attached Hall probe enable register SRE Status enable Read STATUS enable quer register Status byte quer Read status byte register Table 4 1 Common command summary 4
16. bit to set in the STANDARD EVENT register and returns an ASCII 1 when all commands have been executed Returns a string that identifies the model number and serial number of the Hall probe The model number will always be 12 characters in length including trailing spaces such as HTD61 0608 Following the model number will be a comma Next will be the serial number which will always be ten characters in length including trailing spaces such as 9623004 If no probe is attached or can t be identified the string will default to UNDEFINED 0 A set bit in the STATUS ENABLE register allows its corresponding event to set the RQS request for service in the STATUS BYTE register lt NRf gt is an ASCII string representing an integer mask For instance a value of 45 decimal is the same as binary 00101101 thus setting bits 5 3 2 and 0 in the enable register Returns the contents of the STATUS ENABLE register 4 15 REMOTE OPERATION STB Returns the contents of the STATUS STATUS BYTE BYTE register QUERY NOTE The STATUS BYTE register is not cleared after an STB command Other registers and buffers must be cleared for the bits in the STATUS BYTE register to be cleared SCPI COMMAND SYNTAX The SCPI commands go one step farther than IEEE 488 2 and provide a language protocol and defines a standard set of commands to program every aspect of the instrument These are the syntax rules 1 The first charac
17. is set to the 300 mT range and the probe is in a 350 mT field Under normal conditions this would have resulted in an overrange condition a flashing reading of 299 9 mT Now the RELATIVE mode is turned on with an initial relative value of 0 In this mode the meter is able to measure flux density up to 409 5 mT A non flashing reading of 350 0 mT will now appear on the display There may be situations when the user may prefer to shield the probe from all external magnetic fields prior to performing a RELATIVE operation Provided with the meter is a ZERO FLUX CHAMBER which is capable of shielding against fields as high as 30 mT 300 G or 23 88 kA m The probe is simply inserted into the chamber before the RELATIVE operation begins NOTE The RELATIVE mode is canceled if the probe and instrument are zeroed if the probe is disconnected if the instrument s range is changed or if the instrument is turned off and back on again NOTE If the analog output is being used the output signal will continue to represent the flux density as seen by the probe It is not affected by the RELATIVE operation AUTOMATIC RELATIVE MODE In the automatic mode the present flux density as seen by the probe is used as the relative value Prepare the probe and select an appropriate range and mode ac or dc as needed automatic ranging is deactivated when RELATIVE mode is used Press the RELATIVE pushbutton to perform all automatic relative operation
18. probe that does not support temperature compensation 4 22 REMOTE OPERATION STATUS COMMANDS The STATUS commands control and query the MEASUREMENT EVENT OPERATION EVENT and QUESTIONABLE EVENT registers STATus MEASurement EVENt Returns the contents STATus OPERation EVENt of the specified STATus QUEStionable EVENt EVENT register then clears the register contents STATus MEASurement ENABle lt NRf gt Programs the STATus OPERation ENABle lt NRf gt specified EVENT STATus QUEStionable ENABle lt NRf gt ENABLE register with the value lt NRf gt lt NRf gt is an ASCII string representing an integer mask For instance a value of 45 decimal is the same as binary 00101101 thus setting bits 5 3 2 and 0 in the enable register STATus MEASurement ENABle Returns the contents STATus OPERation ENABle of the specified STATus QUEStionable ENABle EVENT ENABLE register 4 23 REMOTE OPERATION STATus MEASurement CONDition STATus OPERation CONDition STATus QUEStionable CONDition STATus PRESet 4 24 Returns the contents of the specified EVENT CONDITION register The EVENT CONDITION register is a real time register reflecting the state of the meter at the time of the read Some conditions could happen very quickly and could be missed by this query It is often better to rely on the contents of the EVENT register since it latches the event until cleared by a specific command Cle
19. the probe in and out of a magnetic field in order to observe the changes in the flux density readings LOCATE 10 1 PRINT Move the probe near a dc magnetic field and observe the PRINT change in the present flux density reading PRINT PRINT Press any key when finished DO METER CMD MEAS FLUX CALL METER I O 1 2 POS1 INSTR METER RESP LOCATE 15 15 PRINT Present flux density LEFT METER RESP POS1 1 METER CMDS SYSTEM ERR CALL METER I O 1 1 POS1 INSTR METER RESPS IF VAL LEFT METER RESP POS1 1 lt gt 0 THEN CLS BEEP POS1 INSTR METER RESPA PRINT The meter has reported an error of PRINT LEFT METER RESP POS1 1 PRINT PRINT Press any key to continue 4 38 REMOTE OPERATION DO LOOP UNTIL INKEY lt gt EXIT DO END IF LOOP UNTIL INKEY lt gt END TRY AGAIN RESUME NEXT Comm error trap This subroutine handles the communications between the meter and the computer The header contains specific information SUB METER LO expect response timeout This subroutine transmits the contents of the global buffer METER CMD to the meter followed by the line feed terminator If the variable lt expect response gt is non zero the subroutine will wait for a response from the meter and store it in the global buffer lt METER RESP gt The program will wait for lt timeout gt seconds for a response
20. this reason the following example program was written in Microsoft MS DOS Q BASIC for 80x86 style personal computers The following program is provided as a guide for programmers who wish to develop their own programs It was written for clarity and is not necessarily the most efficient in terms of speed or size Not all of the commands are demonstrated but enough are used to serve as a general guide for using the other commands DECLARE SUB METER I O expect response timeout DIM SHARED METER CMD METER RESP METER ERROR CLS PRINT WHR KK KKK KKK RK KKK KKK RRR IK RRR RRR REK ER RR RR RR RR RR RR RR RR ERK RAKE KEKE k k k k k k EN PRINT RS 232 DEMONSTRATION PROGRAM PRINT M kc ke KKK KKK KKK KKK KKK KKK KKK KK e e e he he se ce KK KKK RRR he he ce KERR ce e hehe e ke ce RR RR RR RR RR RR RM PRINT This program demonstrates the use of the RS 232 serial port PRINT This Q BASIC program was intended for using the COMe serial port PRINT To use another comm port change the OPEN statement near the start PRINT of the program PRINT PRINT This program can be used to verify the connection between the meter PRINT and computer as well as provide a template for system programmers PRINT who wish to create their own programs You can use a straight thru PRINT cable from the meter to the PC See the user s manual for more PRINT information PRINT PRINT Turn the meter on wait for measurement to begin PRINT p
21. AC or DC Measurement SelectiON ee ee ee ee 3 9 UNITS of Measurement Selection 3 10 RANGE SSlecllOfic e at eec ee oO ava OM 3 12 HOLD Mode Selection 2 rro ber pepe 3 13 MIN MAX PEAK HOLD Usage sesse ees ee ee ees ee ee ee ee 3 15 EAST PEAK HOLD Usage itn eerte teer ge ees Pe 3 16 ZERO EUREUOR SS Ge ee wh Anna Hanae 3 17 Automatic ZERO FUNGUS ss ses se se se DE lence 3 19 Manual ZERO FUuN tion c cccceeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeees 3 21 RELATIVE ModE iese ber ss echt eee ee Se aie 3 21 Automatic RELATIVE Mode sees ees esse see ee ee ee ee ee ee 3 23 Manual RELATIVE Mode ee ee ee ee ee ee se ee 3 24 ANALOG OUTPUT Ee ESE hia ci tte ees Rer or ertet beers 3 24 Analog Output Usage ss seed EE rem eee ote 3 25 Sources of Measurement Errors enne 3 26 More details on AC Mode Operation 3 29 More details on DC Mode Operation 3 31 Temperature effects isi see ee ee Re AR de ke ee ee ee 3 31 SECTION 4 REMOTE OPERATION RS 232 Interface Parameters sssssesssssesseesseeeees 4 1 RS 232 Interface ConnectiON ss 4 1 Remote Command Standards ee ee ee 4 3 Goihrmatid Formal se a ee Du ESE Dee 4 4 Message TerminatOrS iss ese ee ee RR ee ee ee ee 4 4 Error Buff fece sr es eie ee ee AE OE E EEEE 4 5 Status Registers rece ten
22. AL on the display During this phase the meter will display the software revision number such as r 1 1 Calibration will halt if there is no Hall probe connected Until the probe is connected the phrase Err will appear accompanied by a flashing PROBE annunciator as shown in Figure 3 5 N gt 4 LII wx E PROBE Fi N Figure 3 5 Missing Probe Indication 3 6 OPERATING INSTRUCTIONS POWER UP SETTINGS The meter permanently saves certain aspects of the instrument s setup and restores them the next time the meter is turned on The conditions that are saved are RANGE setting including AUTO range MODE ac or dc UNITS of measure gauss tesla or ampere meter F or C HOLD mode Min Max or Peak or fast Peak Other aspects are not saved and default to these conditions RELATIVE mode turned OFF RELATIVE value set to 0 ZERO mode inactive LOW BATTERY CONDITION The instrument is equipped with internal rechargeable battery When the battery is fully charged it can supply power to the unit for a period of 8 hours When the battery voltage becomes too low the battery symbol on the display will flash as shown in figure 3 6 As long as the instrument is connected to line power the internal battery is being charged whether or not the unit is turned on Instrument specifications are not guaranteed when a low battery condition exists 3 7 OPERATING INSTRUCTIO
23. BATTERY symbol appears 3 27 OPERATING INSTRUCTIONS Instrument specifications are not guaranteed when a low battery condition exists 2 Failure to ZERO the error signals from the meter probe and nearby sources of magnetic interference 3 Subjecting the probe to physical abuse 4 One of the most common sources of error is the angular position of the probe with respect to the field being measured As mentioned in Section 1 a Hall generator is not only sensitive to the number of flux lines passing through it but also the angle at which they pass through it The Hall generator produces the greatest signal when the flux lines are perpendicular to the sensor as shown in Figure 3 13 HI 4 MAXIMUM LESS ZERO OUTPUT ol TPUT OUTPUT Figure 3 13 Probe Output versus Flux Angle The probe is calibrated and specified with flux lines passing perpendicularly through the Hall generator 5 As shown in Figure 3 14 as the distance between the magnetic source and the Hall probe increases fewer flux lines will pass through the probe causing the probe s output to decrease 3 28 OPERATING INSTRUCTIONS HIGHER DENSITY LOWER DENSITY Figure 3 14 Probe Output versus Distance 6 Flux density can vary considerably across the pole face of a permanent magnet This can be caused by internal physical flaws such as hairline cracks or bubbles or an inconsistent mix of m
24. BUFFER Errors are generated by a variety of sources such as hardware errors or errors in the command syntax If an error occurs a message is stored in an ERROR BUFFER The message can be retrieved by a specific command discussed later in this section STATUS REGISTERS There are four register sets that indicate the status of the instrument such as errors or the present state of the meter These are 8 bit registers but in many cases not all of the bits are used The four register sets are called MEASUREMENT EVENT OPERATION EVENT STANDARD EVENT QUESTIONABLE EVENT There is also an 8 bit register that provides a 1 bit summary for each of the four register sets This is called the STATUS BYTE Each register set consists of three individual registers as depicted in Figure 4 3 1 The CONDITION register is a real time read only register that is constantly updated to reflect current operating conditions 4 5 REMOTE OPERATION 2 The EVENT register is fed by the CONDITION register but operates as a latch Whenever any bit in the CONDITION register goes to 1 a corresponding 1 is latched into the EVENT register and remains that way until cleared by a specific command 3 The ENABLE register is a mask register that is used to generate the single status bit for the STATUS BYTE Setting any bit in the ENABLE register to 1 will allow a corresponding 1 in the EVENT register to set the summary bit in the STATU
25. LING OR USAGE OR TRADE THE EXPRESS WARRANTY STATED ABOVE IS MADE IN LIEU OF ALL LIABILITIES FOR DAMAGES INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES LOST PROFITS OR THE LIKE ARISING OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SALE DELIVERY USE OR PERFORMANCE OF THE GOODS IN NO EVENT WILL F W BELL BE LIABLE FOR SPECIAL INDIRECT OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES EVEN IF F W BELL HAS BEEN ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES This warranty gives you specific legal rights and you may also have other rights that vary from state to state 5 1
26. NS Kec ur et DC du mm N Li Figure 3 6 Low Battery Indication OVERRANGE CONDITION If the magnitude of the magnetic flux density exceeds the limit of the selected range the meter will display a flashing value of 2999 gauss or tesla mode or 2387 ampere meter mode The next highest range should be selected If already on the highest range then the flux density is too great to be measured with this instrument When a temperature compensated probe is used and temperature is being measured an overrange condition occurs below 40 C 40 F and above 100 C 212 F 3 8 OPERATING INSTRUCTIONS T i 3000 LL dd id AN NEL AY RD REY Figure 3 7 Overrange Indication AC OR DC MEASUREMENT SELECTION The meter is capable of measuring either static dc or alternating ac magnetic fields To choose the desired mode press the AC DC pushbutton to select AC or DC on the display The dc and ac modes are discussed in more detail later in this section This setting is saved and will be restored the next time the meter is turned on 3 9 OPERATING INSTRUCTIONS UNITS OF MEASUREMENT SELECTION The instrument is capable of providing flux density measurements in terms of gauss G tesla T or ampere per meter A m If a temperature compensated probe is connected to the instrument itcan also measure temperature in degrees Fahrenheit F or in degr
27. ODE SELECTION In some applications it may be desirable to hold a reading that is either greater than or less than all previous readings or which has the greatest peak value whether positive or negative The MAX HOLD function holds the reading that is arithmetically greater than all previous readings For instance a reading of 125 0 is greater than 99 0 or 150 0 The MIN HOLD function holds the reading that is arithmetically less than all previous readings For instance a reading of 125 0 is less than 99 0 or 150 0 The PEAK HOLD function captures and holds the peak value of the flux density waveform within the response time capabilities of the meter See the SPECIFICATIONS section of this manual for more information The peak can be either positive or negative whichever has the greatest magnitude For instance a peak value of 100 0 is greater than a peak value of 90 0 PEAK HOLD can operate in two different speeds normal and FAST The response for each mode is given in the SPECIFICATIONS The FAST PEAK HOLD mode is used to track rapid events such as magnetizing pulses When PEAK HOLD MAX HOLD or MIN HOLD is activated the main upper readout displays the held value and the lower readout displays the actual or tracking value The only exception is when FAST PEAK HOLD mode is selected In this case the tracking value is not displayed The word FAST will appear on the lower readout Press the HOLD pushbutton to select any of t
28. PROBE Figure 1 3 Hall Probe Configurations In transverse probes the Hall generator is mounted in a thin flat stem whereas in axial probes the Hall generator is mounted in a cylindrical stem The axis of sensitivity is the primary difference as shown by B in Figure 1 3 Generally transverse probes are used to make measurements between two magnetic poles such as those in audio speakers electric motors and imaging machines Axial probes are often used to measure the magnetic field along the axis of a coil or solenoid Either probe can be used where there are few physical space limitations such as in geomagnetic or electromagnetic interference surveys Handle the Hall probe with care Do not bend the stem or apply pressure to the probe tip as damage may result INTRODUCTION PRODUCT DESCRIPTION The MODEL 6010 GAUSS TESLAMETER is a portable instrument that accepts detachable Hall probes to measure magnetic flux density in terms of gauss tesla or ampere per meter The measurement range is from 0 1 uT 1 mG or 0 1 A m to 29 99T 299 9 kG or 23 87 MA m depending upon the type of probe that is used The instrument is capable of measuring static dc magnetic fields and alternating ac fields NOTE Although ampere per meter is a measure of magnetic field strength in free space there is a direct relationship between flux density and field strength When using a Hall probe there will always be an air gap between the probe an
29. S BYTE CONDITION REGISTER zi 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 EVENT REGISTER 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 OR gt STATUS BYTE ENABLE REGISTER 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Figure 4 3 Condition Event and Enable registers STATUS BYTE AND REQUEST FOR SERVICE ROS A bit in the STATUS BYTE called RQS request for service sets whenever an event occurs that requires the attention of the computer The RQS bit can set if any of the summary bits from 4 6 REMOTE OPERATION the MEASUREMENT EVENT OPERATION EVENT STANDARD EVENT or QUESTIONABLE EVENT registers are set or if an error message exists The STATUS ENABLE register is a mask register that is used to allow any of these conditions to set the RQS bit Setting any bit in the STATUS ENABLE register to 1 will allow a corresponding 1 in the STATUS BYTE register to set the RQS bit These registers are depicted in Figure 4 4 STATUS SUMMARY BITS STATUS BYTE REGISTER 7 OSB ROS ESB QSB EAV MSB 0 STATUS ENABLE REGISTER 7 OSB ESB SSB EAV MSB 0 Figure 4 4 Status Byte and Enable registers 4 7 REMOTE OPERATION OSB Operation Summary Bit ESB Event Summary Bit QSB
30. TIONS A WARNING The Hall probe is a non contact measuring device The probe is not to contact a surface which exceeds a voltage of 30Vrms 42 4V peak or 60V d c Figure 3 1 Probe Electrical Warning ZN CAUTION This instrument may contain ferrous components which will exhibit attraction to a magnetic field Care should be utilized when operating the instrument near large magnetic fields as pull in may occur Extension cables are available to increase the probe cable length so that the instrument can remain in a safe position with respect to the field being measured with the probe A WARNING Replace battery only with Powersonic PS1220 or F W Bell Item Number 335635 3 2 OPERATING INSTRUCTIONS GENERAL DESCRIPTION m MANUAL RANGE MkA m BBBB TEMP B888 F C PEAK HOLD ZERO PROBE 4 gt MAX HOLD _ RELATIVE LOHI MIN HOLD e e 9 OO B Ue RARO Figure 3 2 Front Panel Power Switch Push on push off type switch to apply power to the instrument Display Liquid crystal display LCD Probe Connector The Hall probe or adapter cable plugs into this connector and locks in place To disconnect pull on the body of the plug not the cable Range Selects between automatic ranging and each of the Manual ranges AC DC Selects between Periodic
31. The RELATIVE legend will flash for a moment and a 3 23 OPERATING INSTRUCTIONS reading will be acquired This now becomes the new relative value The instrument will sound a single beep and the RELATIVE legend will remain on to remind the user that the RELATIVE mode is active and that the displayed value is a relative value not an absolute value The reading should now be zero From this point the relative value will be subtracted from all future readings MANUAL RELATIVE MODE The second method by which to set a relative value is a manual adjustment In some cases the user will wish to set an absolute relative value To do this insert the probe in the ZERO FLUX CHAMBER provided with the meter Perform an automatic relative operation see previous discussion Upon completion turning the MANUAL OFFSET control in either direction will alter the reading Turning the control clockwise adds to the reading turning it counterclockwise subtracts from the reading Once the desired relative value has been reached the probe can be removed from the ZERO FLUX CHAMBER and measurements can begin The final relative value will be subtracted from all future readings ANALOG OUTPUT The meter is capable of providing an analog voltage signal proportional to the present flux density level Calibration is set to 3 0 V full scale dc or 3 0 Vrms ac depending upon the mode of operation When measuring temperature and the temperature is dis
32. all generator there is a linear relationship between the number of flux lines passing through the material flux density and the Hall voltage The Hall voltage is also a function of the direction in which the flux lines pass through the material producing a positive voltage in one direction and a negative voltage in the other If the same number of flux lines pass through the material in either direction the net result is zero volts This sensitivity to flux direction makes it possible to measure both static dc and alternating ac magnetic fields The Hall voltage is also a function of the angle at which the flux lines pass through the material The greatest Hall voltage occurs when the flux lines pass perpendicularly through the material Otherwise the output is related to the cosine of the difference between 90 and the actual angle 1 3 INTRODUCTION The sensitive area of the Hall generator is generally defined as the largest circular area within the actual slice of the material This active area can range in size from 0 2 mm 0 008 to 19 mm 0 75 in diameter Often the Hall generator assembly is too fragile to use by itself so it is often mounted in a protective tube and terminated with a flexible cable and a connector This assembly known as a Hall probe is generally provided in two configurations UJ 5 il WARMING FALE e J TRANSVERSE PROBE WARNING FRAGILE AXIAL
33. ars all EVENT ENABLE registers UNITS COMMANDS REMOTE OPERATION These commands select flux density readings in either gauss tesla or ampere per meter for either static fields dc or alternating fields ac If a temperature compensated probe is attached additional commands select temperature readings in degrees Celcius C or degrees Fahrenheit F See Section 3 for more information UNIT FLUX AC GAUSs UNIT FLUX AC TESLa UNIT FLUX AC AM UNIT FLUX DC GAUSSs UNIT FLUX DC TESLa UNIT FLUX DC AM UNIT FLUX Specifies ac flux density readings in gauss Specifies ac flux density readings in tesla Specifies ac flux density readings in ampere meter Specifies dc flux density readings in gauss Specifies dc flux density readings in tesla Specifies dc flux density readings in ampere meter Returns an ASCII string representing the present mode setting for the meter The ASCII string can be DC GAUSS AC GAUSS DC TESLA AC TESLA AC AM or DC AM 4 25 REMOTE OPERATION UNIT TEMP C Specifies temperature readings in degrees Celcius C UNIT TEMP F Specifies temperature readings in degrees Fahrenheit F UNIT TEMP Returns an ASCII F or C indicating that temperature readings are in degrees Fahrenheit F or Celcius C Note The following conditions will generate a 201 hardware error message 1 If a UNIT TEMP command is issued but the attached probe does n
34. aterials Generally the sensitive area of a Hall generator is much smaller than the surface area of the magnet so the flux density variations are very apparent Figure 3 15 illustrates this situation HALL ENERATOR Q pae MAGNE Figure 3 15 Flux Density Variations in a Magnet 3 29 OPERATING INSTRUCTIONS 8 The accuracy of the instrument and probe are affected by temperature variations Refer to the SPECIFICATIONS section for specific information Temperature variations are greatest during the initial warm up phase after power up 15 minutes Allow the instrument and probe to stabilize for best accuracy MORE DETAILS ON AC MODE OPERATION It is possible for the flux density signal to contain both a dc component and an ac component In the ac mode the value displayed is the true rms value of the waveform with its dc component removed However if the dc component is too high it may force the peak value of the waveform to exceed the electrical limits of the meter causing the waveform to clip and introducing errors in the final reading This can also lead to an overrange condition on the display and can lead to erratic behavior if the automatic ranging feature is being used The presence of a clipped ac signal can be verified by observing the analog output signal The accuracy of the true rms reading is only guaranteed for
35. ative value In the automatic mode the meter uses the present flux density reading from the probe as the relative value In the manual mode the user can specify a value using the MANUAL OFFSET control Each mode will be discussed in more detail There are three restrictions when using the RELATIVE mode 1 The RELATIVE mode can only be used on a fixed range If the automatic ranging feature is in and then the RELATIVE mode is turned on the automatic ranging feature is canceled Conversely if the RELATIVE mode is turned on and then the automatic ranging feature is turned on the RELATIVE mode is canceled 2 If the RELATIVE mode has been turned ON and the probe is zeroed via the ZERO function the RELATIVE mode is canceled 3 The point at which the meter declares an OVERRANGE condition changes when using the RELATIVE mode Normally an overrange occurs when the reading reaches the full scale limit of 2999 in the gauss or tesla mode such as 299 9 G 29 99 mT etc or 2387 if in the ampere meter mode such as 23 87 kA m At that point the digits will remain at 2999 or 2387 and will flash to indicate an overrange condition If temperature is being displayed an overrange occurs for values below 40 C 40 F or above 100 C 212 F In the RELATIVE mode the flux density can be exceeded by about 35 to a maximum value of 4095 as seen by the probe 3 22 OPERATING INSTRUCTIONS To clarify this suppose the meter
36. ble 4 2 cont SCPI Command summary STATus OPERation CONDition Query Operation Condition reg 4 19 REMOTE OPERATION UNIT FLUX Query flux units setting UNIT TEMP C Program degrees C units UNIT TEMP F Program degrees F UNIT TEMP Query temperature units setting HOLD COMMANDS DESCRIPTION SENSe HOLD STATe n Program hold mode setting value ZERO RELATIVE COMMANDS DESCRIPTION SYSTem AZEROo Initiates an automatic zero operation SYSTem ARELative STATe n Program relative mode SYSTem ARELative STATe Query relative mode setting MEASUREMENT COMMANDS DESCRIPTION MEASure FLUX Obtain flux density reading 4 20 REMOTE OPERATION MEASure TEMP Obtain temperature reading DISPLAY FORMAT COMMANDS DESCRIPTION DISPlay FORMat lt n gt Formats upper and lower readouts DISPlay FORMat Ouery display format setting Table 4 2 cont SCPI Command summary ERROR MESSAGES AND COMMANDS If an error occurs a message is placed in the error buffer The message will contain a number a comma and a brief description of the error Negative numbers are used for SCPI defined messages while positive numbers relate specifically to the meter Each time the buffer is read the error message is removed from the buffer If no error exists the message 0 No error will be returned However if the buffer contains any other message and a new error occurs before th
37. d on 4 29 REMOTE OPERATION 4 30 REMOTE OPERATION MEASUREMENT COMMAND This command acquires a new flux density reading MEASure FLUX MEASure TEMP This command returns the latest flux density reading The returned string will contain a signed real number and a unit indicator G T or A m If in the ac mode the reading will not contain a polarity character or The ranges of possible readings for the various units of measure are 0 0G to 29990G 0 00000T to 2 999T OA m to 2 388 000A m This command returns the largest temperature reading A temperature compensated probe must be attached for this command to be accepted The returned string will contain a signed real number and a unit indicator C or F The ranges of possible readings for the various units of measurements are 40 0 C to 100 0 C 40 0 F to 212 0 F Note The meter must be configured to measure flux density and or temperature prior to requesting a measurement otherwise a 201 hardware error message will occur See the DISPlay FORMat command for details Note If a MEASure TEMP command is issued but the attached probe does not support temperature measurement a 4 81 REMOTE OPERATION 201 hardware error message will be generated DISPLAY FORMAT COMMANDS This command contains the type of information displayed on the upper and lower readouts DISPlay FORMat lt n gt Configures the display format whe
38. d the magnetic source Refer to the relationship given on page 1 2 When an appropriate probe is used the instrument can compensate for errors due to probe temperature variations The instrument features a large display that is visible at considerable distances A dual readout allows you to measure flux density and monitor an auxiliary function such as temperature or the present flux density during the Peak Max or Min hold measurements The meter can be operated from standard line voltages and contains a rechargeable battery for hours of portable operation Three measurement ranges can be selected or the instrument can automatically select the best range based on the present flux density being measured A zero function allows the user to remove undesirable readings from nearby magnetic fields including earth s or false readings caused by initial electrical offsets in the probe and meter Included is a zero flux chamber which shields the probe from external magnetic fields during this operation Another feature called relative mode allows large flux readings to be suppressed so that small variations within the 1 5 INTRODUCTION larger field can be observed directly Both the zero and relative adjustments can be made manually or automatically Other features include four hold modes allowing either the arithmetic maximum minimum peak or true peak values to be held indefinitely until reset by the user An anal
39. e 3 3 Figure 3 4 Figure 3 5 Figure 3 6 Figure 3 7 Figure 3 8 Figure 3 9 Figure 3 10 Figure 3 11 Figure 3 12 Figure 3 13 Figure 3 14 Figure 3 15 Figure 3 16 List of Tables Common Command Summary SCPI Command Summary List of Illustrations Flux Lines of a Permanent Magnet 1 1 Hall Generator iese ee ee ee ee 1 3 Hall Probe Configurations 1 4 Zero Flux Chamber 2 5 Probe Electrical Warning 3 2 Front Panel ou esce Sp e n 3 3 Rear Panel SEER Ee EE ER ES RE ESE Ee N 3 4 Power Up Display ee 3 5 Missing Probe Indication 3 6 Low Battery Indication 3 8 Overrange Indication 3 9 The legends for UNIT Function 3 11 HOLD Functlon esse es se ER ee re is 3 14 EAST PEAK HOLD estetiese tese 3 15 Probe zeroing error code 3 20 Adjusting the DC Offset of the Analog OUP tae d ede t eie ted ale en 3 26 Probe Output versus Flux Angle 3 27 Probe Output versus Distance 3 28 Flux Density Variations in a Magnet 3 28 Low AC Signal Indication 3 30 iii Figure 4 1 Figure 4 2 Figure 4 3 Figure 4 4 Figure 4 5 Figure 4 6 Figure 4 7 Figure 4 8 9 Pin Interface Conn
40. e Event register CAL Indicates that an invalid calibration Calibration summary constant was detected during power up or when the probe was installed The instrument will instead use a default parameter This bit will clear once the meter and probe have been successfully calibrated NOTE Meter specifications are not guaranteed when the CAL bit is set COMMON COMMAND SYNTAX The common commands are recognized and acted upon in a similar manner by all instruments that follow the IEEE 488 2 standard whether a DVM scope frequency meter gaussmeter etc These are the syntax rules 1 A common command always begins with an asterisk character followed by a three or four character acronym and possibly one other parameter For instance the command to clear the event registers is CLS REMOTE OPERATION 2 The commands are not case sensitive For instance the CLS cls and cLS commands are identical 3 If there is a fourth character in the acronym it will always be a question mark and indicates that information is being requested from the instrument For instance a command to read the model number and manufacturer of the instrument is IDN 4 If a parameter follows a command it must be separated from the acronym by one space The parameter is the ASCII representation of an integer For instance if the parameter to be sent is binary 1100 the actual parameter sent would be the two ASCII characters 12 since
41. e old one is read or cleared the new message will be lost There are certain error status bits that will set in the STANDARD EVENT register These bits provide general error indications The error message will provide more detailed information about the errors The error buffer can be read and cleared with the following commands SYSTem ERRor Returns the error message and clears the 4 21 REMOTE OPERATION error buffer SYSTem CLEar Clears the error buffer If the meter detects an error in the command string a spelling error a command that is not supported or a numerical value that is incorrect the meter will not execute the command If the error is detected in the middle of a multiple command string the command that contains the error and all commands that follow will not be executed The user s program should always check the STATUS BYTE to determine if an error has occured The possible error messages are 0 NO ERROR 201 HARDWARE ERROR 120 NUMERIC DATA ERROR 224 ILLEGAL PARAMETER ERROR 363 INPUT BUFFER OVERRUN 103 INVALID SEPARATOR 102 SYNTAX ERROR 100 COMMAND ERROR Most of these errors are associated with incorrect command settings wrong characters illegal numeric values etc The hardware error is not an indication of a circuit failure Rather a command is requesting an operation that is not supported by the existing equipment For example requesting a temperature reading from a
42. ected and the zeroing process is repeated for that range The zeroing process continues for all remaining ranges During the zeroing process the ZERO legend flashes When finished the instrument will sound an audible beep and will resume normal flux density measurements The zero function has no effect on temperature measurement 3 19 OPERATING INSTRUCTIONS The final zero values will remain in effect until the instrument and probe are zeroed again if the probe is disconnected or if the meter is turned off and back on again NOTE If the existing field is too large or unstable the meter will sound a double beep and the phrase ERR will appear momentarily on the display along with the error code E050 as shown in figure 3 11 At this point the automatic process is terminated NOTE Zeroing the probe cancels the RELATIVE mode if it was turned on m L rr EOSD Figure 3 11 Probe zeroing Error code 3 20 OPERATING INSTRUCTIONS MANUAL OFFSET FUNCTION This feature also allows the user to manually set the zero point to a value other than zero or to make a fine adjustment to the zero point after an automatic zeroing Position the probe for zeroing then rotate the MANUAL OFFSET knob to the desired setting This value will be added to or subtracted from all future readings Recall that the maximum flux density level that can be zeroed is 30 mT 300 G or 23 88 kA m If the existing field is too large c
43. ector 4 2 Serial Port Connection Schemes 4 3 Condition Event and Enable registers 4 6 Status Byte and Enable registers 4 7 Standard Event register 4 9 Measurement Event register 4 10 Operation Event register 4 10 Questionable Event register 4 11 Section 1 Introduction UNDERSTANDING FLUX DENSITY Magnetic fields surrounding permanent magnets or electrical conductors can be visualized as a collection of magnetic flux lines lines of force existing in the material that is being subjected to a magnetizing influence Unlike light which travels away from its source indefinitely magnetic flux lines must eventually return to the source Thus all magnetic sources are said to have two poles Flux lines are said to emanate from the north pole and return to the south pole as depicted in Figure 1 1 MAGNET Figure 1 1 Flux Lines of a Permanent Magnet One line of flux in the cgs measurement system is called a maxwell Mx but the weber Wb which is 10 lines is more commonly used Flux density also called magnetic induction is the number of flux lines passing through a given area It is commonly assigned the symbol B in scientific documents In the cgs system a gauss G is one line of flux passing through a 1 cm area The more
44. ees Celsius C To choose the desired units 1 Standard probe without temperature compensation is connected to the meter Press the UNIT pushbutton to select between one of the three available units of gauss G tesla T or ampere per meter A m 2 Temperature compensated probe is connected to the meter Press the UNIT pushbutton The symbol G will appear in the right corner of the display If no further key is pressed the instrument will display the flux density in gauss G without monitoring the probe temperature If the UNIT key is pressed again the legend TEMP and C will be displayed next to lower readout This denotes that while the flux density is measured and monitored on the upper readout in gauss G the probe temperature will be displayed on the lower readout in C Pressing the UNIT key one more time changes C to F 3 10 OPERATING INSTRUCTIONS This process can be repeated for selecting tesla T or ampere per meter A m For each unit of flux density the user may choose e Not to display the probe temperature in the lower readout e Display the probe temperature in lower readout in C e Display the probe temperature in lower readout in F By continuing to press the UNIT key the user can choose to display the probe temperature on the main upper readout in F or C In this mode flux density measurements are not available This setting is saved and will be restored the next time the meter
45. entes 4 5 Status Byte and Request For Service RQS 4 6 Standard Event Register sesse ees ee ee ee 4 9 Measurement Event Register see ees ee ss ee ee ee ee 4 10 Operation Event Register esse dee ee ee ee ee ee 4 10 Questionable Event Register sesse ee ese ee ee ee 4 11 Common Command SYyNntaX sesse ese ee ee 4 11 Common COMMANES ase De Ee N ed 4 13 SCPI Command SYNtaX see Re ee ee 4 16 SGPIESMIMAaNAS EN N eN Ee ti ee ER 4 18 Error Messages and Commanqs see ee ee ee 4 21 Status OOmtTial asso cn reed ier Ede leiden tial eu 4 23 UNITS Commands 5 si n Access inn rr ki ie ie oe 4 25 RANGE Commands ase re tein ees ee ed que o Vee dodo 4 27 HOLD CommandS esse sesse esse ee ee ee ee ee ee ee ee neee 4 28 ZERO COIhitiBl TB ces ee ES GEE SE ED oct EG Oe Ee ma brut ais 4 29 RELATIVE CommandS iese sesse esse sees sees ee ees ee ee ee ee ee ede ee ee 4 29 MEASUREMENT CommandS iese sesse sesse ee ee ee ee ee ee ee ee ee 4 30 DISPLAY FORMAT Commands eeeeeeeses 4 31 Intermixing Common and SCPI commands 4 32 Using Query Commanqs sse 4 32 Using the Operation Complete Status 4 33 Example Pragrarm sese o oS eterne recipes 4 34 WARHANTY GE GEE eee eee Table 4 1 Table 4 2 Figure 1 1 Figure 1 2 Figure 1 3 Figure 2 1 Figure 3 1 Figure 3 2 Figur
46. he desired modes MAX HOLD MIN HOLD PEAK HOLD FAST PEAK HOLD or off 3 13 OPERATING INSTRUCTIONS Note The HOLD functions can only be used on a MANUAL RANGE If automatic ranging is used and a HOLD function is turned on the automatic ranging is cancelled and a manual range is selected Note If the instrument has been configured to measure flux density on the main upper readout and temperature on the lower readout the HOLD functions will override the temperature readout If the meter has been configured to display temperature on the upper readout the HOLD functions can be used to hold the PEAK MAX or MIN of the measured temperature FAST PEAK HOLD is not available This setting is saved and will be restored the next time the meter is turned on HOLD value lt LIU am 5 PEAK HOLD Present tracking value Figure 3 9 HOLD Function 3 14 OPERATING INSTRUCTIONS HOLD Value ee RANG Lo AC Lid LJ F AS f r PEAK HOLD Indicates FAST PEAK HOLD mode Figure 3 10 FAST PEAK HOLD MIN MAX PEAK HOLD USAGE See the SPECIFICATIONS section for response time information The MAX HOLD function holds the reading that is arithmetically greater than all previous readings The MIN HOLD function holds the reading that is arithmetically less than all previous readings The PEAK HOLD function holds the largest magnitude regardless of polarity In all three modes the present flux density reading appear
47. ing can cause excessive emissions or may be susceptible to external interference The interface connector is a standard 9 pin D type connector commonly used on personal computers Five signals are supported as shown in Figure 4 1 One of these is the common ground connection Pins 1 4 6 and 9 are not connected 4 1 REMOTE OPERATION RX TO METER COMMON TX FROM METER po ae z RTS FROM METER CTS TO METER Figure 4 1 9 Pin Interface Connector Data is transmitted to the meter on the receive RX line Data is transmitted from the meter on the transmit TX line This is known as a full duplex link In some RS 232 applications two lines called Clear To Send CTS and Request To Send RTS are used to control the flow of data between devices This is often referred to as hardware handshaking However although these signals are connected electrically within the meter the signals are not presently used The user s computer or PLC should be configured to ignore hardware handshaking lines In most cases a straight through cable can be used between the meter and a personal computer In other words Pin 1 on the meter would attach to Pin 1 on the computer Pin 2 to Pin 2 etc Figure 4 2 depicts two possible connection schemes 4 2 REMOTE OPERATION THE TRANSMITTED SIGNAL AT THIS END S MODEL 6010 REAR PAN 2 BECOMES THE RECEIVED SIGNAL AT THIS END H d
48. ions is not met the zeroing process will stop and the meter will report an error code of E050 see Figure 3 11 3 18 OPERATING INSTRUCTIONS AUTOMATIC ZERO FUNCTION The meter provides two methods to zero the probe The first is completely automatic Prepare the probe for zeroing then press the ZERO pushbutton The ZERO legend will flash and actual dc flux density readings will appear on the display The meter will select the lowest range regardless of which range was in use prior to using the ZERO function Recall that the maximum flux density level that can be zeroed is 30 mT 300 G or 23 88 kA m If the existing field is too large consider using the RELATIVE mode discussed later in this section Recall that the zeroing operation affects dc offsets only If you wish to suppress an ac field consider using the RELATIVE mode Press the ZERO pushbutton and the process will begin and the ZERO legend will flash Once automatic zeroing begins it must be allowed to complete During this time all controls are disabled except for the POWER switch The process normally takes from 5 to 15 seconds The instrument selects the lowest range and adjusts the nulling signal until the net result reaches zero No further electronic adjustments are made but at this stage a reading is acquired which will be mathematically subtracted from all future readings on this range If the nulling process is successful the next higher range is sel
49. med for DC GAUSS mode and a measurement is requested Then the meter is programmed for DC TESLA mode and another measurement is requested When the meter has finished executing the entire command string it will transmit a string similar to this 1892G 0 1892T lt LF gt 4 33 REMOTE OPERATION USING THE OPERATION COMPLETE STATUS There are several ways to determine if the meter has executed a command If the command string contains a query command the program can simply wait for the meter to transmit its response But if the query command contains an error the command may never be executed Further some commands do not require a response The best way to handle all situations is to issue the OPC command once prior to sending any other commands This will cause the meter to always transmit an ASCII 1 each time it receives the LF character If the command string contains one or more query commands the 1 will be appended to the end of the response separated by a semicolon For instance the response to the command string OPC UNIT FLUX AC GAUSS lt LF gt would be 1 lt LF gt whereas the response to a command string containing a query OPC MEAS FLUX lt LF gt might be 221 3G 1 lt LF gt 4 34 REMOTE OPERATION EXAMPLE PROGRAM Of the many programming languages available such as C Pascal BASIC Fortran etc BASIC is probably the best known and understood by the most people For
50. mmands for Programmable Instruments which defined specific commands and responses that covered a broad range of applications Though these standards were targeted for use with the IEEE 488 instrumentation bus they are commonly used with serial RS 232 interfaces as well The instrument supports many of the IEEE 488 1987 2 common commands as well as a subset of the SCPI 1991 commands COMMAND FORMAT All commands consist of ASCII character strings Some commands contain numeric parameters that are used to set or reset individual bits within binary registers For instance a value of 45 decimal is the same as binary 101101 thus setting bits 5 3 2 and 0 in the register and resetting all others Sending the value 00101101 would be interpretted as the number 101 101 NOTE No more than 250 characters can be sent in one command string MESSAGE TERMINATORS When transmitting a string to the instrument the message must be terminated properly to notify the instrument that the message is complete This is done by appending an ASCII line feed LF REMOTE OPERATION character as the final character in the string which is a OA hex or 00001010 binary Note that OA hex is equivalent to 10 decimal but sending the two ASCII characters 10 will not work It must be the single byte representation of the LF control character The meter will always send the LF character every time it transmits a message to the host system ERROR
51. now be 0 32 Vdc because of the range change This can lead to problems if the analog signal is being used to make decisions because there is no indication that a range change has occurred In these situations it is best to select a fixed range that covers the expected flux density span The analog output signal contains both the dc and ac components of the flux density signal This means that it will also contain any initial dc offsets in the probe and the meter s circuitry These offsets can be removed by the ZERO function 3 26 OPERATING INSTRUCTIONS The MANUAL OFFSET control can also be used to introduce a dc offset if desired This is useful when observing ac waveforms in which one portion of the waveform is being clipped because it exceeds the 4 25 Vdc limit of the meter Using the MANUAL OFFSET control the center of the waveform can be moved to reduce or eliminate the clipping as depicted in the next figure BEFORE ZERO ADJUSTMENT AFTER ZERO ADJUSTMENT Figure 3 12 Adjusting the DC Offset of the Analog Output When measuring temperature on the upper readout the analog output is calibrated to 10 mV C or 10 mV F Thus for the entire temperature range the analog output will produce 400 mV to 1000 mV for C and 400 mV to 2120 mV for F SOURCES OF MEASUREMENT ERRORS When making flux density measurements there are several conditions that can introduce errors 1 Operating the meter while the LOW
52. og signal is available from a standard BNC connector that is representative of the magnetic flux density signal and is calibrated to 3 volts full scale in dc mode or 3 Vrms in ac mode This output can be connected to a voltmeter oscilloscope recorder or external analog to digital converter An optional adapter allows the 6010 to accept probes designed for F W Bell s model 9200 Gaussmeter The meter can be fully configured and flux density readings acquired from a remote computer or PLC using the RS 232 communications port This is a standard 9 pin D connector commonly used in personal computers The commands follow widely accepted protocols established by the IEEE 488 2 and SCPI 1991 standards The probes and accessories are protected when not in use by a sturdy carrying case 1 6 INTRODUCTION APPLICATIONS Sorting or performing incoming inspection on permanent magnets particularly multi pole magnets Testing audio speaker magnet assemblies electric motor armatures and stators transformer lamination stacks cut toroidal cores coils and solenoids Determining the location of stray fields around medical diagnostic equipment Determining sources of electromagnetic interference Locating flaws in welded joints Inspection of ferrous materials 3 dimensional field mapping Inspection of magnetic recording heads 1 7 Section 2 Specifications INSTRUMENT RANGE RESOLUTION gauss tesla A m gauss tesla A m 3G 300
53. ommand received is not supported EXE Indicates that the meter detected an Execution Error error while attempting to execute a command DDE Indicates that the meter did not operate Device Dependent properly due to some internal error Error OPC Indicates that all requested operations Operation Complete have been completed 4 9 REMOTE OPERATION MEASUREMENT EVENT REGISTER If any of these bits set and their respective enable bits are set the Measurement Summary Bit MSB will set in the STATUS BYTE 2 6 5 4 5 2 1 O RAV ROF Figure 4 6 Measurement Event register ROF Indicates that the present reading Reading Overflow exceeds the present measurement range RAV Indicates a reading was acquired and Reading Available processed OPERATION EVENT REGISTER If any of these bits set and their respective enable bits are set the Operation Summary Bit OSB will set in the STATUS BYTE 7 6 2 4 5 2 1 O MEAS e Figure 4 7 Operation Event register MEAS Indicates the meter is in the process of Measure mode acquiring and processing a reading 4 10 REMOTE OPERATION QUESTIONABLE EVENT REGISTER If any of these bits set and their respective enable bits are set the Questionable Summary Bit QSB will set in the STATUS BYTE 7 6 5 4 E CAL N C5 Oe Figure 4 8 Questionabl
54. onsider using the RELATIVE mode discussed later in this section MANUAL OFFSET operation affects DC offsets only therefore it can only be used when DC mode is selected If you wish to suppress an ac field consider using the RELATIVE mode By turning the MANUAL OFFSET control in either direction the reading will be altered Turning the control clockwise adds to the reading turning it counterclockwise subtracts from the reading NOTE Making a manual ZERO adjustment not only affects the lowest range but also the higher ranges though to a lesser extent For example assume an automatic ZERO has already been performed after which all ranges should read zero Nowa manual adjustment is made that causes the reading on the lowest range to be non zero The reading on the other ranges may also be non zero depending upon the magnitude of the change RELATIVE MODE The RELATIVE mode allows a specific flux density value to be subtracted from all future readings Thus all future readings will be relative to that value For instance if the relative value is 100 0 gauss and the present flux density is 112 0 gauss the actual displayed value will be 12 0 gauss If the flux density 3 21 OPERATING INSTRUCTIONS drops to 77 0 gauss the actual displayed value will be 23 0 Thus the RELATIVE mode allows for the direct readout of variations around a given field whether static dc or alternating ac There are two ways to generate a rel
55. osition Press any key to continue DO LOOP UNTIL INKEY lt gt CLS PRINT Initializing COM2 port OPEN COM2 2400 N 8 1 CS DS CD FOR RANDOM AS 1 4 35 REMOTE OPERATION Now that the COM 2 port has been opened an attempt is made to communicate with the meter The OPC command is sent which should cause the meter to send back a 1 If no response is received an error message is displayed and the program is terminated ON ERROR GOTO TRY AGAIN PRINT Verifying interface METER CMD OPC CALL METER I O 1 1 IF METER ERROR 1 THEN PRINT Meter did not respond as requested Please check your PRINT interface cable Make sure it is connected to the COM2 PRINT port on your computer END END IF Now that the communications link between meter and computer has been established the I D information for the meter and probe is requested and displayed PRINT Retrieving meter D information PRINT METER CMD IDN OPT CALL METER I O 1 1 POS1 INSTR METER RESPS PRINT Device LEFT METER RESP POS1 1 POS2 INSTR POS1 1 METER RESP PRINT Revision PRINT MID METER RESP POS1 1 POS2 POS1 1 POS1 INSTR POS2 1 METER RESP PRINT Probe Model PRINT MID METER RESP POS2 1 POS1 POS2 1 POS2 INSTR POS2 1 METER RESP PRINT Probe Serial PRINT MID METER RESP POS1 1 POS2 POS1 1 PRINT
56. ot support temperature measurement 2 If the meter has been configured to measure only temperature via the DISPlay FORMat command and a UNIT FLUX command is issued 3 If the meter has been configured to measure only flux density via the DISPlay FORMat command and a UNIT TEMP command is issued It is always best to configure the meter with the DISPlay FORMat command and then issued the appropriate UNIT command 4 26 RANGE COMMANDS REMOTE OPERATION These commands select either a fixed range or AUTO range See Section 3 for more information SENSe FLUX RANGe AUTO Selects the AUTO RANGE SENSe FLUX RANGe n SENSe FLUX RANGe function Selects a fixed range n where n 0 for the lowest range 1 for the middle range 2 for the highest range Returns an ASCII digit representing the present range setting for the meter as follows 0 for the lowest range 1 for middle range 2 for highest range Note The actual ranges available depend upon the type of Hall probe being used See the specifications section for information For instance the lowest range for a standard probe is 300G 30 mT full scale whereas the lowest range for a high sensitivity probe is 3 G 300 uT full scale 4 27 REMOTE OPERATION HOLD COMMANDS These commands select one of the HOLD modes or reset the presently held reading See Section 3 for more information SENSe HOLD STATe lt n gt
57. played in the upper readout the analog output signal is calibrated to 10 mV C or 10 mV F This signal available at 3 24 OPERATING INSTRUCTIONS the rear BNC connector can be connected to a voltmeter oscilloscope recorder or external analog to digital converter 3 25 OPERATING INSTRUCTIONS ANALOG OUTPUT USAGE See the SPECIFICATIONS section for frequency range and accuracy of the analog output For flux density measurements the analog output signal is calibrated to 3 Vdc or 3 Vrms depending upon the selected mode For instance on the 30 mT range a reading of 12 3 mT relates to a output voltage of 1 23 Vdc whereas on the 3 T range a reading of 1 23 T produces the same output The analog output can reach a maximum output of about 4 25 Vdc in order to accommodate the peak value of a 3 Vrms ac signal This means that the analog output can be used to measure flux density levels that exceed the normal range of the displayed readings For instance a level of 36 5 mT on the 30 mT range would normally result in a flashing 29 99 mT overrange condition but the output will still be 3 65 Vdc When using AUTO range and the analog output features together the following situation can occur Suppose the present range is 3 kG and the present reading is 2 8 kG The analog output will be 2 8 Vdc The signal then increases to 3 2 kG which would force an automatic change to the 30 kG range setting The analog output will
58. re n is a single ASCII digit as follows 0 Flux density only upper readout 1 Temperature only upper readout 2 Flux density upper readout and temperature lower readout DISPlay FORMat Returns a single ASCII digit indicating the format of the display 0 Flux density only upper readout 1 Temperature only upper readout 2 Flux density upper readout and temperature lower readout 4 32 REMOTE OPERATION INTERMIXING COMMON AND SCPI COMMANDS As mentioned earlier a string sent to the instrument can contain more than one command as long as the commands are separated by semicolons Common and SCPI commands can be intermixed For instance the string CLS UNIT FLUX DC TESLA MEASure FLUX is valid first clearing the instrument s event and error registers then programming it to supply readings in tesla in the dc mode and requesting the latest reading The host system should be prepared to receive the reading immediately after transmitting this command string to the meter USING QUERY COMMANDS When any query command is issued the meter will send its response back immediately However if a query command is part of a multiple command string the meter will transmit the response after all commands within the string have been executed For instance here is such a string UNIT FLUX DC GAUSS MEAS FLUX UNIT FLUX DC TESLA MEAS FLUX lt LF gt In this string the meter is program
59. readings greater than about 3 396 of the full scale range For example this would be 1mT on the 300 mT range When the reading falls below 3 396 of full scale the LO legend on the display will flash as shown in Figure 3 16 This is intended to remind the user that the reading may not be accurate Select a lower range if possible to regain accuracy 3 30 OPERATING INSTRUCTIONS nr C c LL dd Figure 3 16 Low AC Signal Indication An ac reading being a true rms value has no polarity However when using the RELATIVE function in the ac mode readings can be negative A negative ac reading means that the present reading is less than the RELATIVE value An unsigned value means the present reading is greater than or equal to the RELATIVE value For example if the original RELATIVE value was 100 mT and the present field is 80 mT the result will be 20 mT rms When using the MIN HOLD function without the RELATIVE function turned on the minimum reading will be 0 0 With the RELATIVE function turned on the minimum reading can reach the negative full scale limit of the instrument 3 31 OPERATING INSTRUCTIONS MORE DETAILS ON DC MODE OPERATION It is possible for the flux density signal to contain both a dc component and an ac component In the dc mode this can lead to unstable readings If the peak value of the ac component reaches the electrical limits of the meter even though the average dc level is within the limits
60. s on the lower readout while the held reading appears on the upper readout These modes are useful in determining the maximum or minimum value of magnetic events that occur over a period of time 3 15 OPERATING INSTRUCTIONS If the reading exceeds the range limit the meter will hold a flashing value of 2999 gauss or tesla mode 2387 ampere meter mode or the maximum value allowed in the RELATIVE mode The held value can be reset by pressing the RESET pushbutton The next value displayed after a reset will be the present value of flux density For instance if the held reading is 200 0 G and the present flux density is 100 0 G the meter will display 100 0 G after the reset If the analog output is being used the output signal will continue to represent the real time flux density as seen by the probe It is not affected by the HOLD function FAST PEAK HOLD USAGE See the SPECIFICATIONS section for response time and accuracy information In the FAST PEAK HOLD mode the input signal is sampled many times each second Each sample is compared to all previous samples and that which has the greatest amplitude regardless of polarity is held on the display This mode can be used to capture the peak value of a fast one time magnetic event such as a magnetizing pulse In this mode the present flux density is not displayed The lower readout will display the word FAST In FAST PEAK HOLD operation if the reading exceed
61. s the range limit the meter will hold a flashing value of 2999 gauss or tesla mode 2387 ampere meter mode or the maximum value allowed in the RELATIVE mode Pressing the RESET pushbutton resets the held value 3 16 OPERATING INSTRUCTIONS The main differences between the FAST PEAK HOLD mode and the MIN MAX HOLD modes are The PEAK HOLD mode considers only the magnitude of the reading and not the polarity The response time of the FAST PEAK HOLD mode is much faster but final accuracy is less The analog output will continue to represent the real time flux density as seen by the probe ZERO FUNCTION Zeroing the probe and meter is one of the most important steps to obtaining accurate dc flux density measurements The ideal Hall generator produces zero output in the absence of a magnetic field but actual devices are subject to variations in materials construction and temperature Therefore most Hall generators produce some output even in a zero field This will be interpreted by the meter as a flux density signal Also the circuits within the meter can produce a signal even when there is no signal present at the input This will be interpreted as a flux density signal Lastly magnetic sources close to the actual field being measured such as those from electric motors permanent magnets and the earth roughly 0 5 gauss or 50 uT can introduce errors in the final reading It is vital to remove these
62. sources of error prior to making actual measurements The process of zeroing removes all of these errors in one operation The meter cancels the combined dc error signal by introducing another signal of equal magnitude with opposite polarity After zeroing the only dc signal that remains is 3 17 OPERATING INSTRUCTIONS one that is produced by the probe when exposed to magnetic flux NOTE Zeroing the meter and probe affects only the static dc component of the flux density signal NOTE The process of zeroing also affects the analog signal There may be situations when the user prefers to shield the probe from all external magnetic fields prior to zeroing Provided with the meter is a ZERO FLUX CHAMBER which is capable of shielding against fields as high as 30 mT 300 G or 23 88 kA m The probe is simply inserted into the chamber before the zeroing process begins Handle the Hall probe with care Do not bend the stem or apply pressure to the probe tip as damage may result In other situations the user may want the probe to be exposed to a specific magnetic field during the zeroing process so that all future readings do not include that reading such as the earth s field This is possible with the following restrictions 1 The external field must not exceed 30 mT 300 G or 23 88 kA m 2 The field must be stable during the zeroing process It should not contain alternating ac components If either of these condit
63. t still precede each command lf more than one of the commands in the string requests information from the instrument the instrument s response will also have semicolons separating the responses such as 345 0 10 4 17 REMOTE OPERATION SCPI COMMANDS In the following discussion the commands are written such that the short form of the command is written in UPPER CASE letters and the remainder of the command is written in lower case letters Either form can be used If parameters are required they will appear within lt gt brackets An n parameter is a single ASCII digit lt NRf gt is usually a multiple digit number The meter supports a subset of the available SCPI commands However there are some functions that are not supported with standard SCPI commands In these cases these special commands are patterned after other SCPI commands that are similar in function ERROR MESSAGE COMMANDS DESCRIPTION SYSTem ERRor Retrieve error message SYSTem CLEar STATUS REGISTER COMMANDS DESCRIPTION Event reg reg Event reg STATus MEASurement ENABle lt NRf gt Table 4 2 SCPI Command summary 4 18 REMOTE OPERATION Event Enable reg Event Enable reg Event Enable reg Enable reg STATus QUEStionable ENABle Condition reg Condition reg registers UNITS COMMANDS DESCRIPTION UNIT FLUX AC GAUSs units UNIT FLUX AC TESLa Program ac tesla units per meter units mode UNIT FLUX DC TESLa Ta
64. ter of any command string is a colon 2 The commands are not case sensitive For instance the MEASURE measure and MEASure commands are identical 3 A question mark in a command means that the command is requesting information from the instrument This is called a query command 4 For any command there is a short and long spelling of the command Use the following rules for the short version a If the length of the command is four letters or less there is no short version 4 16 REMOTE OPERATION b If the command has more than four letters and the fourth letter is a vowel drop it and all letters that follow it For instance the command RESET can be shortened to RES C If the command has more than four letters and the fourth letter is a consonant drop all letters that follow it For instance the command MEASURE can be shortened to MEAS d If the command contains a question mark or a non optional parameter it must be included after the short form version For instance a query command of CONDITION can be shortened to COND e The use of anything other than the short or long version of a command is not permitted For instance both the MEASURE and MEAS commands are acceptable but MEASU is not 5 If a parameter follows a command it must be separated from the command by one space 6 Multiple commands can be sent in one string The commands must be separated by semicolons A colon mus
65. uT 238 8 A m 0 001G 0 1 uT 0 1 A m 930G 3mT 2 388kA m 0 01G 0 001mT 0 001kA m 300G 30mT 23 88 kA m 0 1G 0 01mT 0 01 kA m 3kG 300mT 238 8 kA m 1G 0 1 mT 0 1 kA m 30 kG 3T 2 388MA m 0 01 kG 0 001 T 1 kA m 300 kG 30T 23 88MA m 0 1 kG 0 01T 0 01MA m When used with high sensitivity probes When used with high stability probes ACCURACY reading on display and from RS 232 port dc mode 0 25 of reading 3 counts ac mode 20 Hz 1000 Hz 1 96 of reading 3 counts 1 kHz 20kHz t 5 96 of reading 3 counts ACCURACY analog output dc mode 1 96 of reading 5 mV ac mode 20 Hz 1000 Hz t 2 96 of reading 5 mV WARMUP TIME TO RATED ACCURACY 15 minutes 2 1 SPECIFICATIONS MIN MAX HOLD ACQUISITION TIME dc mode 180 ms typical ac mode 300 ms typical PEAK HOLD ACQUISITION TIME dc mode 180 ms typical ac mode 300 ms typical PEAK HOLD FAST ACQUISITION TIME dc mode 1 ms typical ac mode 1 ms typical ANALOG OUTPUT SCALING dc mode 3 Vdc ac mode 3 Vrms ANALOG OUTPUT NOISE 4 mVrms typical ANALOG OUTPUT LOAD 10 kohm min 100 pF max ACCURACY CHANGE WITH TEMPERATURE 0 02 C typical ANALOG OUTPUT CONNECTOR BNC TEMPERATURE MEASUREMENT Range 40 C to 100 C 40 F to 212 F Accuracy 1 C 41 F Analog Output 10 mV C 10mV F OPERATING TEMPERATURE 0 to 50 32 to 122 F STORAGE TEMPERATURE 25 to 70 C 13 to 158 F INPUT VOLTAGE 100 to 240 Vac
66. xcessive emissions or may be susceptible to external interference SPECIFICATIONS ZERO FLUX CHAMBER MODEL NUMBER YA 111 CAVITY DIMENSIONS Length 50 8 mm 2 Diameter 8 7 mm 0 343 ATTENUATION 80 dB to 30 mT 300 G PURPOSE To shield the probe from external magnetic fields during the ZERO or RELATIVE operations 8 7 mm DIAM x 50 8 mm 543 DIAM x 2 000 Figure 2 1 Zero Flux Chamber 2 5 Section 3 Operating Instructions SAFETY INSTRUCTIONS GENERAL For safe and correct use of this meter it is necessary that both operating and servicing personnel follow generally accepted safety procedures plus the safety cautions and warnings specified If it is determined that safety protection has been impaired the meter must be made inoperative and be secured against any unintended operation For example safety may be impaired if the meter fails to perform or shows visible damage ZN CAUTION All input and output voltages except line mains are less than 20V A WARNING The opening of covers or removal of parts might expose live parts and accessible terminals which can be dangerous AA WARNING Any interruption of protective earth conductors or disconnection of the protective earth terminals inside or outside of the meter can create a dangerous condition ZN CAUTION For continued protection replace the fuse with the same type 0 25 ampere IEC 127 type T 3 1 OPERATING INSTRUC

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