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MikroTik™ V2.0 Router Software Technical Reference Manual

1. 18 4 NETWORK INTERFACE 21 INTRODUCTION ipee te Dre aq Cree EO E repo Qaqaqa CUADRAS ERA 21 4 1 1 MANAGING NETWORK INTERFACES FROM JAVA 2 0000 00 0 21 41 2 MANAGING NETWORK INTERFACES FROM CONSOLE ceres 21 4 1 3 BASIC INTERFACE PARAMETER DESCRIPTION ccescescescesceseeseeseeseesseseeseeseeeees 22 4 2 ETHERNET INTERFACES ERR SSS GSS 22 4 2 1 MANAGING ETHERNET INTERFACES FROM JAVA eene 22 4 2 2 MANAGING ETHERNET INTERFACES FROM CONSOLE eene 22 43 ARLAN IC2200 INTERFACES 23 4 3 1 MANAGING ARLAN IC2200 INTERFACES FROM JAVA 23 4 3 2 MANAGING ARLAN IC2200 INTERFACES FROM CONSOLE cce 23 4 3 3 ARLAN IC2200 PARAMETER 23 Z4 DMCSYNCINPEREAGCES 24 4 4 1 MANAGING LMC SYNC INTERFACES FROM 02 4042 0000 24 4 4 2 MANAGING LMC SYNC INTERFACES FROM CONSOLE eee 24 4 4 3 LMC SYNC INTERFACE PARAMETER DESCRIPTION eere 24 4 5 CPPP INTERFACES 25 Page 3 of 72 4 5 1 MANAGING PPP INTERFACE
2. 7 DOCUMENT CONVENTIONS 7 1 8 1 1 BEFORE YOU PARS 8 1 2 HARDWARE REQUIREMENTS AND BIOS 5 2 22 0 8 1 3 INSTALLING THE SOFTWARE 00 0 0 0 9 1 4 CONFIGURING THE 10 2 USER INTERCONNECTION DESCRIPTION e eee eee enne nnne tetto 12 21 JAVA INTERCONNECTION DESCRIPTION 12 2 1 1 GENERAL INFORMATIDON testes testes testes testes tete 12 2 1 2 Je LORE KO EE NEE EE aasawa sub Sp sas s se ps sas s SEO as 12 22 CONSOLE INTERCONNECTION DESCRIPTION 14 2 2 1 HOW o 0 15 2 2 2 IMPORT AND EXPORTZ 16 3 DEVICE DRIVER MANAGEMEN T ccccccssssccccccssscrscsccccccccceccscsssscsccccsecesssssooees 17 3 1 MANAGING DEVICE DRIVERS FROM JAVA cccccescessescescescescesecesescescsscsscssceseesessens 17 3 2 MANAGING DEVICE DRIVERS FROM 2 40000000 0000 17 3 3 DEVICE DRIVER 04 000 0 0 00000 17 3 4 SUPPORTED
3. Name in console Name in Java Description type Infrastructure Mode Operation mode of card ad hoc or infrastructure Default value is infrastructure rtsthres RTS threshold HTS Threshold fragthres Fragmentation Fragmentation threshold threshold power Transmit Power Transmit power rxdiv Receive Antenna Receive diversity txdiv Transmit Antenna Transmit diversity longretr Long Retries Long retry limit shortretr Short Retries Short retry limit channel Channel Channel frequency rate Data Rate Data rate apl Access Point 1 Access Point 1 MAC Address ap2 Access Point 1 Access Point 2 MAC Address ap3 Access Point 1 Access Point 3 MAC Address ap4 Access Point 1 Access Point 4 MAC Address ssidl SSID1 Service Set Identifier 1 ssid2 SSID2 Service Set Identifier 2 ssid3 SSID3 Service Set Identifier 3 modulation Modulation Modulation mode clientname Client name Client name bperiod Beacon period Beacon period Read the User Guide for details how to connect to the Access Point 4 10 WaveLAN Interfaces Base Configuration WaveLAN interfaces support 802 11 standard i e it works with Aironet access points and works at 11Mbps rate Tx power 35 mW This interfaces needs the same license as for Aironet 4800 interfaces The driver is loaded automatically when you boot up the router with the PCMCIA WaveLAN Network Adapter Page 32 of 72 4 10 1 Managing WaveLAN Interfaces from Cons
4. 53 9 2 2 MANAGING OSPF FROM 53 9 2 3 GENERAL OSPF 55 10 SYSTEM 5 57 10 1 TERMINAL SETUP AND BASIC SYSTEM SETUP 57 10 1 1 BASICSYSTEM Stes bees Sees Eee pode eoe nie 57 10 1 2 BASIC ROUTER SETUP eek Mee A OA PEE iste 57 10 1 3 SET TERMINAL 58 102 58 10 2 1 VIEWING PACKAGES FROM 2 0 0044404404000 58 10 2 2 VIEWING PACKAGES FROM 8 59 10 2 3 PACKAGES PARAMETERS ccccccccceseesseeesssssessesseseseseseeeeeeeeseeeeeseeeeeeeseeeeeeeeeeees 59 10 3 SYSTEM HISTORY eisesiisicecicecccncsestieseicccesacscscsctecceesetes E 60 10 3 1 VIEWING SYSTEM HISTORY FROM 0000 60 10 3 2 VIEWING SYSTEM HISTORY FROM CONSOLE 60 10 3 3 SYSTEM HISTORY 60 104 USER MANAGEMENT e W S 60 10 4 1 USER MANAGEMENT FROM 2 60
5. 40 00 00 37 6 3 ARP EE EE 37 6 3 1 MANAGING ARP 00 0 0 0 a u asua nan 37 6 3 2 MANAGING ARP FROM 8 2 040000000000 37 6 3 3 GENERAL ARP PARAMETERS een 38 6 4 e 38 6 4 1 MANAGING FROM JAYA rr 38 6 4 2 MANAGING PPP FROM 5 38 6 4 3 GENERAL PPP 5 4 444004 39 6 5 DHCP aine deer eie pee eere Ere Eve pre Qaqa aq 39 6 5 1 MANAGING DHCP FROM 0 00404000000 000 40 6 5 2 MANAGING DHCP FROM 5 0000000000000 nene nnne e essen nin 40 6 5 3 GENERAL DHCP 5 404 00 40 6 6 IRE WALD eo cccccccccccccccceccecc ccececescceccceccscccccsececccecccecccesccccececececccccececccccecececesececececcceses 41 6 6 1 MANAGING FIREWALL FUNCTIONS FROM 42 6 6 2 MANAGING FIREWALL FUNCTIONS FROM CONSOLE 42 Page 4 of 72 6 6 3 GENERAL FIREWALL PARAMETFERS 43 ME P Vire 44 6 7 1 MANAGINGANAT FROM os Uis obo 44 6 7 2 MANAGING NAT FROM CONSOLE usss
6. Command syntax Description add interface lt name gt Add static ARP entry ip lt address gt mac lt address gt set lt number gt Change ARP entry Page 37 of 72 interface lt name gt ip lt address gt mac lt address gt remove lt number gt Remove ARP entry print Show entries export Export ARP entries 6 3 3 General ARP Parameters Name in console Name in Java Descripton ip IP Address IP address mac Hardware Address MAC address interface Interface Interface name 6 4 PPP Here you can setup PPP IP related settings addresses RADIUS and DNS which will be imparted to PPP clients 6 4 1 Managing PPP from Java Select the IP Addresses menu The PPP IP Settings list allows configuration of local address and remote address To edit DNS and RADIUS server settings select the details box located next to the refresh icon 6 4 2 Managing PPP from Console Management of PPP is done in the ip executed there ppp The following commands can be Command syntax Description print Show interfaces dns PPP DNS settings menu radius PPP RADIUS settings menu set lt interface gt local lt address gt remote lt address gt Change IP address settings export Export IP address settings Page 38 of 72 ppp dns menu commands Command syntax D
7. prefsrc lt address gt set lt number gt dst lt address gt Change route properties mask lt mask gt lt address gt prefsrc lt address gt interface lt name gt Remove lt number gt Remove route print Show routes export Export routes 6 2 3 General Routes Parameters Name in console Java Description dst Dst Address Destination IP address of a host or network mask Netmask Network Mask of the destination gw Gateway Next gateway to the destination interface Interface Interface to be used prefsrc Pref Source optional Source Address of packets leaving the router via this route 6 3 ARP ARP Address Resolution Protocol displays IP addresses and respective MAC addresses of interfaces which are physically connected to local interface The ARP table entries appear automatically as it sends broadcast messages to all interfaces physically connected to the local interfaces It is possible to manually assign static ARP entries 6 3 1 Managing ARP from Java Select the ARP menu under the IP menu The ARP List displays IP addresses MAC addresses and interface names and allows to edit add and remove ARP entries Inactive entries are shown in gray color and italic font Permanent entries are marked with red icon 6 3 2 Managing ARP from Console Select the located in address menu that is in the ip menu
8. 3 ASupported interfaces PCI Cards Driver name ne2k pci Interfaces RealTek RTL 8029 Winbond 89C940 Compex RL2000 KTI ET32P2 NetVin NV5000SC Via 86C926 SureCom NE34 Winbond Holtek HT80232 Holtek HT80229 Driver name 3c95x 3Com 3c590 3c900 series Vortex Boomerang driver This device driver is designed for the 3Com FastEtherLink and FastEtherL ink XL 3Com s PCI to 10 100baseT adapters It also works with the 10Mbs versions of the FastEtherLink cards The supported product IDs are shown in the following table Interfaces 3 590 3c592 3c595 3c597 3c900 3c905 3c590 Vortex 10Mbps 3c595 Vortex 100baseTx 3c595 Vortex 100baseT4 3c595 Vortex 100base MII 3Com Vortex 3c900 Boomerang 10baseT 3c900 Boomerang 10Mbps Combo 3c900 Cyclone 10Mbps Combo 3c900B FL Cyclone 10base FL 3c905 Boomerang 100baseTx 3c905 Boomerang 100baseT4 Page 18 of 72 3c905B Cyclone 100baseTx 3c905B Cyclone 10 100 BNC 3c905B FX Cyclone 100baseFx 3c905C Tornado 3c980 Cyclone 3cSOHO100 TX Hurricane 3c555 Laptop Hurricane 3c575 Boomerang CardBus 3CCFE575 Cyclone CardBus 3CCFE656 Cyclone CardBus 3c575 series CardBus unknown version 3Com Boomerang unknown version Driver name Imc Interfaces LanMedia LMC5200 LanMedia LMC5245 LanMedia LMC1000 Driver name eepro100 Intel 182557 182558 PCI EtherExpressPro driver This device driver is designed for the Intel i82557 Speedo3 chip Intel s single chip fast Ether
9. Tab Complete the command word If the input is ambiguous a second Tab gives possible options Move up to the base level command Execute the base level command m Move up one level uf Enter an empty string wordl word2 Enter space between words You can abbreviate names of levels commands and arguments Page 15 of 72 2 2 2 Import and Export There is a possibility to export import router configuration to from the files i e to create a new file or to add chosen configuration to an existing file either to import configuration from a file to the router These files are stored in the ftp access area of the router That is where you can get by connecting to the router via ftp using login and password of the user root Command export has the following parameters Parameter Name Description lt filename gt Export configuration to the file with this name append Append configuration to a specified file Command import has only one parameter Parameter Name Description lt filename gt Import router configuration from a specified file File is taken from router ftp access area Command export can be found in every level of the command tree By executing it you can export the configuration of a specified level For example if you execute this command in ip address level you will get the information about IP addresses settings But if you execute it in level you
10. 45 6 7 3 GENERAL NAT PARAMETERS s ssscsssssossonsovscssovsonsovsonsonsonsonacnsonsonsonsonsonsoneons 45 68 DIAN 46 6 8 1 MANAGING DNSEROMAAVA Fai ii ap 46 6 8 2 MANAGING DNS FROM CONSOLE 46 6 8 3 GENERAL DNS PARAMETERS jd Vi VM VEA VELA MEINE UR ERA 47 7 SNMP SERVICE CONFIGURATION 52 55 48 7 1 CONFIGURING SNMP FROM 48 7 2 CONFIGURING SNMP FROM CONSOLE 48 7 3 SNMP CONFIGURATION PARAMETFERS 48 8 QUEUES MANAGEMENI A sssssssssassssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssss 49 8 1 MANAGING QUEUING FROM JAVA ccccccccccesesssscceccecccsesseesesaseeecesesssssseeeeeeceeseeeeeeas 49 8 2 MANAGING QUEUING FROM 5 0 00 0011000001 49 8 3 GENERAL QUEUING 5 00 49 9 ADVANCED ROUTING MANAGEMENT cccccccosssssccccccccescssssssscccccecsssscssscceees 52 9 1 ROUTING INFORMATION PROTOCOLL 52 9 1 1 MANAGING RIP 88 52 9 1 2 MANAGING RIP FROM 5 52 9 1 3 GENERAL RIP PARAMETERS 5 53 9 2 OPEN SHORTEST PATH FIRST 53 9 2 1 MANAGING OSPF FROM
11. setup Basic system setup Load driver Load network device driver You can choose one of the following arlan moxa ne2k isa pc isa radiolan driver io Set input output port range base address Can be omitted if device does not use IO ports driver irq Set Interrupt Request Number Can be omitted if device does not use IRQ For IRQ probing enter 0 IP Address Set router s IP address Netmask Set network mask Gateway Set a default gateway of the router Use ping command as described above to check your settings 10 1 3Set Terminal Type Command syntax Description set ansi linux rxvt Set terminal type vt100 vt220 xterm dumb rxvt sun vt102 vt52 print Show current terminal type reset Reset previous terminal type 10 2 Packages Packages are used to upgrade the router or add features Packages should be obtained from the Mikrotik website Packages can be FTPed to the router only by user root After rebooting the router the packages will be installed 10 2 1 Viewing Packages from Java Select the System menu and then the Packages menu Name version and build numbers of the installed packages are shown under the Installed tab Name version and upload time are shown of the uploaded packages under the Uploaded tab Page 58 of 72 10 2 2 Viewing Packages from Console In the console install
12. MikroTik V2 0 Router Software Technical Reference Manual Manual s Revision 2000 05 05 Mikrotikls SIA 1999 Mikrotikls SIA No part of this document may be reproduced or transmitted in any means electronic or mechanical for any purpose without the written permission of Mikrotikls Information in this document is subject to change without notice Mikrotikls makes no representation or warranties with respect to the contents of this manual and specifically disclaims any express or implied warranties of merchantability or fitness for any particular purpose 1999 Mikrotikls SIA All rights reserved Printed in Latvia MikroTik and Mikrotikls are trademarks of Mikrotikls SIA Riga Latvia Other trademarks used are properties of their respective owners Portions of this software may fall under the following copyrights Copyright 1991 D L S Associates GateDaemon Copyright 1995 1996 1997 1998 The Regents of the University of Michigan All rights reserved GateDaemon was originated and developed through release 3 0 by Cornell University and its collaborators Id so Copyright 1988 Regents of the University of California All rights reserved Id so software was developed by the University of California Berkeley cmu snmp Copyright 1988 1989 by Carnegie Mellon University All rights reserved Permission to use copy modify and distribute this software and its documentation for any perpose and without fee is
13. View and change the system date and time settings 10 9 1 Setting Date and Time from Java Select the System menu and the Date amp Time menu Changes will be discarded when the router is restarted 10 9 2Setting Date and Time from Console In the system console date and time settings can be change in two different menus These commands can be executed from the sys date menu Command syntax Description set time HH MM SS Set system time set date Set system date Page 65 of 72 month DD YYYY print Shows current date and time Date and time settings become permanent and effect BIOS settings 10 9 3 Date and Time Parameters Date parameters Parameter name Description month Month should be entered using three first letters of its name day Day of a month year Year should be entered using all four digits Time parameters Parameter name Description hours Hours minutes Minutes seconds Seconds 10 10 System Logs Management Various system events and status information can be logged Logs can be saved in a file on the router or sent to a remote server running a syslog daemon Mikrotik provides a shareware Windows syslog daemon at www mikrotik com 10 10 1 Managing System Logs from Java Click on the System menu If you want to view all system logs then go to the Logs menu For configuring logs s
14. tab the system s IO memory ranges used by various devices are shown 10 6 2 Viewing System Resources from Console In the console system resources be viewed in the sys resource menu There are three submenu there Command syntax Description info General system information io port range information irq Interrupt request information Submenu commands Submenu Command Description info print Show system information io print Show 1 port information irq print Show IRQ information 10 6 3 System Resources Parameters General parameters Name in console Name in Java Description uptime Uptime Time passed from the last restart total memory Total Memory RAM the router is using Page 63 of 72 cpu type CPU Central Processing Unit type cpu freq CPU Frequency Central Processing Unit frequency hdd size Hard Disk Drive capacity hdd free Hard Disk Drive free IRQ parameters in console Name in Java Description IRQ Number IRQ Line Number from 0 to 15 State Used Used yes or no Owner Name Owning device name parameters Name in console Name in Java Description range Used IO Memory Ranges Memory addresses that a device can use to send or receive data Owner Name Owning device name 10 7 System Shutdown System shutdow
15. 10 4 2 USER MANAGEMENT FROM CONSOLE 61 10 4 3 USER PARAMETERS ccccccccccsccssssesssssssssessessesssessssesesesessesssessessssseeeseeeseeeseeess 61 10 5 CHANGE PASSWORD seo ee rc Fe q Does Pe EE Ese beoe wau 62 Page 5 of 72 10 5 1 How TO CHANGE PASSWORD USING JAVA u ccccccssessecccccscceeesssescccssseeeeuesseeeess 62 10 5 2 How TO CHANGE PASSWORD USING CONSOLE 62 10 6 SYSTEM RESOURCES 63 10 6 1 VIEWING SYSTEM RESOURCES FROM JAVA 2 2 00 4000000 enne 63 10 6 2 VIEWING SYSTEM RESOURCES FROM 5 00040400000 63 10 6 3 SYSTEM RESOURCES 5 63 10 7 5 64 10 7 1 SYSTEM SHUTDOWN FROM 64 10 7 2 SYSTEM SHUTDOWN FROM 5 004440000000 64 10 8 SYSTEM IDENTITY l ai n 65 10 8 1 SETTING SYSTEM IDENTITY FROM 65 10 8 2 SETTING SYSTEM IDENTITY FROM 65 10 8 3 SYSTEM IDENTITY 65 10 9 25255 65 10 9 1 SETTING DATE AND TIME FROM 65 10 9 2 SETTING D
16. Command syntax Description interface OSPF interfaces menu area OSPF areas menu shost OSPF stub hosts menu vlink OSPF virtual links menu set routerid address Change router ID if this value is not set than the router will choose any of assigned IP addresses print Show router ID export Export OSPF settings Page 53 of 72 OSPF interfaces menu commands Command syntax Description print detail Show OSPF interfaces you can use detailed form export lt filename gt append Export OSPF interface settings You can export in a file or append to an existing file set lt interface gt up down area lt name gt cost lt value gt prio lt value gt passwd lt password gt retr lt value gt delay lt value gt hello value dead value Change OSPF interface settings OSPF areas menu commands Command syntax Description print Show OSPF areas export filename append Export OSPF areas set area name lt name gt Change OSPF areas cost value auth none simple stub on off add name lt name gt id lt address gt cost lt value gt auth none simple gt stub on off Add new OSPF area remove lt area name or number gt Remove area OSPF stub hosts menu commands Command syntax Description print Show OSPF hosts export lt filename gt append E
17. changes click on the appeared Star Sign in the right column and choose Accept If you want to discard the changes that has been made choose Cancel Refresh Click on the Refresh icon in the corresponding window Undo Click on the Undo icon above the main menu Redo Click on the Redo icon above the main menu Logout Click on the Logout icon above the main menu Main Menu Logout and login as root ANNA JBox another user B Undo last Routing action Queues Bridge E Drivers System Traffic ___ 1 O indicator Iw aming Applet Window Status Bar Page 13 of 72 Editing an Entry If you have edited entry parameters directly in the list box then you have to accept or discard your changes by clicking on the appeared star sign root ANNA JBox doddi Interfaces Interfaces Routing Queues t Bridge amp 3 Drivers C PPP 6 SNMP LCI PPF System Star sign that appears after Help any changes oo are made a arming Applet Window 2 2 Console Interconnection Description PI E3 cancel Accept or discard changes When you log in the router via console or telnet you get in the base level As it is in Java almost every command has the corresponding chapter in the Manual In the table below base level commands are described Co
18. granted provided that the above copyright notice appear in all copies and that copyright notice and this permission notice appear in the supporting documentation PPP Copyright 1993 The Australian National University netkit telnet Copyright 1983 1991 The Regents of the University of California This product includes software developed by the University of California Berkeley and its contributors This software is provided by the regents and contributors as is and any express or implied warranties including but not limited to the implied warranties of merchantability and fitness for a particular purpose are disclaimed bash boa dialog e2fsprogs fileutils getty_ps gzip modutils mount net tools procps shellutils sysklogd sysvinit tar textutils updated util linux For the above GPL licensed programs in accordance with the GPL license Mikrotikls offers to organize a copy of the source code or it can be found on most standard Linux distributions Write support mikrotik com for more information glibc libstdc ncurses termcap For the above LGPL licensed programs in accordance with the LGPL license Mikrotikls offers to organize a copy of the source code or it can be found on most standard Linux distributions Write support mikrotik com for more information Page 2 of 72 TABLE OF CONTENTS PREFACE oa 7 DOCUMENT ORGANIZATION
19. psize Packet Size optional Size of each ICMP packet in bytes interval Interval optional Delay between messages in seconds Default is 1 second Page 69 of 72 11 2 Traceroute Traceroute is a TCP IP protocol based utility which allows the user to determine how packets are being routed to a particular host Traceroute works by increasing the time to live value of packets and seeing how far they get until they reach the given destination thus a lengthening trail of hosts passed through is built up 11 2 1 Launching Traceroute Utility from Java Select the Traceroute window in the Tools menu When the trace is complete the output indicates total number of hops to the host and corresponding TTL values per hop 11 2 2 Launching Traceroute Utility from Console Execute the command traceroute from the base level Command syntax Description traceroute lt address gt timeout lt timeout gt Trace route to a host psize lt psize gt Traceroute shows the number of hops to the given host address of every passed gateway Traceroute utility sends packets three times to each passed gateway so it shows three timeout values for each gateway in ms 11 2 3 General Traceroute Utility Parameters Name in console Java Description lt address gt Trace To IP address of the host you are tracing route to timeout Timeout optional Response waiting timeout 10 1500 de
20. will get the information about all IP settings NAT Firewall DHCP etc To view the configuration as it will look like in the export file simply enter the command export without any parameter For example you want to make a file that consists of Firewall settings and NAT settings The file name is test Then you have to execute the following commands MikroTik gt ip firewall export MikroTik gt ip nat export tes test append The file can be accessed now by ftp only user root can do that Also these configurations are ready to be imported any time MikroTik import test Page 16 of 72 3 Device Driver Management Device drivers represent the software interface part of installed network devices For example the MikroTik system includes device drivers for NE2000 compatible Ethernet cards and other network devices If you need device driver for a device which is not on the list please suggest it at our suggestion page on our website Most device drivers are loaded automatically For instructions on specific device drivers see the chart below Unloading of device driver is useful when changing network devices this can be useful in avoiding loading drivers for devices which have been removed from the system This may be done automatically by removing the card and rebooting before inserting the new network device The device drivers can be removed only if the appropriate interface has been disabl
21. 5 1 Managing DHCP from Java Select the DHCP menu under the IP menu 6 5 2 Managing DHCP from Console DHCP management can is controlled from the dhcp menu under the ip menu The dhcp menu lease option shows all current DHCP leases ip dhcp menu commands Command syntax Description lease DHCP leases menu print Show DHCP interfaces export Export DHCP settings set lt interface gt from lt address gt dhcp on off to lt address gt lease lt hh mm ss gt srcaddr lt address gt mask lt mask gt gateway lt gateway gt domain lt name gt dns lt address gt Set DHCP interface properties ip dhcp lease menu commands Command syntax Description print Show current DHCP leases 6 5 3 General DHCP Parameters Name in console Name in Java Description interface Interface Interface name dhcp Enabled Enable disable DHCP from Address The range of IP addresses that can be to From given to the clients To lease Lease Time Time in hh mm ss the lease will be given out srcaddr Src Address Source address of the routers DHCP interface to be used by the client when contacting the router mask Netmask Network mask to be used with the IP address gateway Gateway Default gateway to be used by the client domain Domain Name Domain name assigned to the client Page
22. DNS Server Primary DNS server address secondary Secondary DNS Server Secondary DNS server address Page 47 of 72 7 SNMP Service Configuration The MikroTik router currently supports a limited implementation of the SNMP protocol Currently SNMP can only be used to remotely monitor the network and collect statistics The current MikroTik SNMP agent provides information about traffic on network interfaces and system information name location contact routes addresses interfaces ARPs and TCP connections MikroTik router has only one community others are not supported of the type public and it is read only l e the router cannot be configured using SNMP management programs It is possible only to set location and contact information parameters from the Console or the Java Console 7 1Configuring SNMP from Java Select the SNMP menu to enabled or disabled and set SNMP service information 7 2Configuring SNMP from Console SNMP configuration commands are located in routing snmp menu lt contains following commands Command syntax Description print Show SNMP service configuration set status lt on off gt Change SNMP service location router location configuration contact contact information gt 7 3SNMP Configuration Parameters in console Name in Java Description status Enabled Enable disable SNMP service location Location Router location Max
23. Null Modem Enable Disable null modem mode ignore DCD signal 4 9 Aironet 35 45 4800 Interfaces Aironet 35 45 4800 interfaces include Aironet 3500 4500 and 4800 ISA and PCI adapters If you have an ISA adapter than make sure to configure DIP switches correctly Configuring DIP Switches ISA Only The Aironet ISA adapter contains DIP switches for setting Plug and Play Mode PnP Base Address and Interrupt Levels IRQ The switches are set for PnP mode by default Devices cannot share the same Base address or IRQ Check the switch settings on the adapter to ensure the do not conflict with other devices in the computer PnP mode is controlled by the 6 switch DIP Switch Non PnP Off PnP Page 30 of 72 If you set PnP mode on then all other settings are not taken into account If you still want to use PnP mode make sure that the default IRQ and Base Address do not conflict with the other devices The default are Base Address IRQ Level 140 5 If you want to configure other IRQ and Base Address values make sure PnP mode is turned off i e 6 switch is On 4 9 1 Managing Aironet 35 45 4800 Interfaces from Java Aironet 35 45 4800 specific parameters can be controlled from General RF Network and Advanced tabs in interface details window Current status current signal quality channel frequency synchronization and association status name of Access Point
24. Virtual software interfaces can be created manually 4 1 1 Managing Network Interfaces from Java Select the Interfaces menu to open the interface list window The interfaces list displays basic interface parameters Interface type specific parameters can be changed from interface details windows opened by double clicking on icon to the left from interface name The Interface details window has a standard Traffic tab which displays traffic that enters and leaves router through the interface It can also contain other tabs with interface type specific parameters The Interfaces list window also contains a blink button Selecting this button causes traffic to be generated on the highlighted interface and therefore blink the LEDs light emitting diodes on the card so that an administrator can determine which Interface name corresponds to the actual interface when there are multiple interfaces of the same type Note that not all interfaces support this function 4 1 2 Managing Network Interfaces from Console Network interface commands and submenus are located in interface menu It contains several commands that are common to all interfaces Command syntax Description print Show interface summary set lt interface gt up down Change basic interface name lt new name gt mtu lt MTU gt properties traffic lt interface gt Monitor traffic on interface Where lt interface gt is inter
25. algorithm is byte based but not packet based RED Random Early Detection an algorithm for congestion avoidance in packet switched networks Split This type allows the packets to be sorted by flow mark and specify the parameters for each such sub node separately Each sub node can be of type PFIFO or BFIFO It cannot be split further RED queue parameters Name in console Java Description Queue Type Queue type Bandwidth Queue bandwidth in bytes sec Min Threshold Before this value is achieved no packets will be thrown away Max Threshold When this value is achieved the queue will throw away the packets using maximum probability where this probability is a function of the average queue size Queue Size Queue size in bytes Burst Number of packets allowed for an occasional bursts of packets in the queue PFIFO queue parameters Name in console Name in Java Description Queue Type Queue type Bandwidth Queue bandwidth in bytes sec Queue Size Maximum packet number that queue can in packets hold 1 If probability is denoted by p then consider the following min lt p lt max where min is p when average queue size minimum queue size p 0 and min is p when average queue size maximum queue size p 2 Page 50 of 72 BFIFO queue parameters Name in console Name in Java Description Q
26. of 72 1 Startup Guide 1 1 Before You Start To make a PC based router running MikroTik Router Software it is necessary to e Prepare the PC hardware to be dedicated router no other programs can be held on the HDD or run on the PC except the MikroTik Router Software e Prepare to obtain an installation archive from Mikrotikls SIA the file is approximately 5 5MB e Prepare four 3 5 1 44 MB blank formatted floppy disks Make sure that they are not write protected or damaged Disks will be used to make four installation floppy disks from the installation archive for installing the PC router software After the preparations have been done e Download the installation archive from www mikrotik com The standard MikroTik Router Software installation is distributed as self extracting archive e Run the archive file on a Win95 98 NT computer and press the Setup button to automatically launch the MikroTik Disk Maker Follow the screen instructions to create four installation floppy disks Insert the disks in the FDD as prompted Put a label on each disk to avoid later confusion When the MT Disk Maker ends its work you will have a set of MikroTik Router Software installation disks ready e Install the MikroTik Router Software using the four installation floppy disks as described below e Obtain the license for your installation of the MikroTik Router Software 1 2 Hardware Requireme
27. use 20MB SanDisk 3 5 FlashDrive as the target HDD for your router installation use the recommended BIOS settings for it Cylinders 612 Heads 2 Sectors 32 Mode NORMAL 1 3 Installing the software Put Disk 1 in the floppy drive and boot up your router The installation will be looking for hard drives You will see something like this Found harddrive on IDE primary master disk C To install software properly it needs to be reformatted Format it y n Press yes to format you HDD Note that the primary hard disk of your router will be overwritten and any existing data on it will be destroyed You will be asked to insert all next three installation floppies Please insert 2nd installation floppy Press ENTER when ready and so on until the last floppy drive will be inserted and you will be asked to reboot your computer Software installed Press ENTER to reboot Remove the installation disk from the floppy disk drive and press ENTER Page 9 of 72 While booting up the router for the first time you will see your software ID and you will be asked to enter your software key This key is unique depending on several variables including the particular data carrier flash disk or hard drive and information from your MikroTik registered account Please enter the software key obtained from MikroTik www mikrotik com The software installation is complete Log on to your PC router running MikroTik R
28. 40 of 72 dns DNS Server DNS server address to be used by the Address client for address resolution Lease parameters read only Name in console Name in Java Description Interface Interface Interface name IP address IP Address Client IP address MAC address Hw Address Client MAC address Lease time Lease Time Lease time Value should be hh mm ss where hh is hours mm is minutes and ss is seconds 6 6 Firewall Firewall supports filtering and security functions that are used to manage data flows to the router and through it Along with the Network Address Translation they serve as security tools for preventing unauthorized access to networks Filtering rules organized together in chains do packet filtering Each chain can be considered as a set of rules There are three default chains which cannot be deleted More chains can be added for grouping together filtering rules When processing a chain rules are taken from the chain in the order they are listed from the top to the bottom Packets entering the router through one of the interfaces are first matched against the filtering rules of the Input chain If the packet is not dropped or rejected and it is for the router itself the packet is delivered locally If the packet is not dropped or rejected but it has to be delivered outside the router then the packet is processed according to the routing table If the pr
29. 71 11 3 3 BANDWIDTH TEST a 71 4 50 72 11 4 1 LAUNCHING PING FLOOD FROM 72 11 4 2 LAUNCHING PING FLOOD FROM CONSOLE ssssccccccccessseesccccsseeeessesesecesseees 72 11 4 3 PING FLOOD UTILITY PARAMETERS 0000 10 72 Page 6 of 72 Preface Document Organization The document consists of 11 main parts Parts can be divided further into sections Each section or a part if it doesn t consist of sections of this document is divided into three subsections In the first subsection management from the Java Console is described Management from the Console is described in the second subsection The third subsection is devoted to description of the parameters However some sections are not divided if it is not necessary Document Conventions In this publication the following conventions are used All console related settings commands arguments parameters examples and keywords are marked out with the Courier New font The following conventions are used in the command syntax description o 5 In the place where something is written in between of lt and gt you need to enter a value e g lt address gt Optional parameters are enclosed brackets e g interface lt name gt The vertical line I means Page 7
30. ATE AND TIME FROM 5 0 4 4 4 06000 65 10 9 3 DATE AND TIME 85 66 10 10 SYSTEM LOGS MANAGEMESNI 66 10 10 1 MANAGING SYSTEM LOGS FROM JAVA 180 66 10 10 2 MANAGING SYSTEM LOGS FROM CONSOLE cccccccsseecccesssccceusecsceusceseuenecs 66 10 10 3 SYSTEM LOGS PARAMETERS 00 4 4 00000 67 TELS HS Dino io 68 Ll U 69 11 1 PING ASS S S C CE 69 11 1 1 LAUNCHING PING UTILITY FROM JAVA eene raaaaasssss 69 11 1 2 LAUNCHING PING UTILITY FROM 69 11 1 3 PING UTILITY PARAMETER DESCRIPTION cceeeeeeee eene nennen eene 69 11 2 TRACEROUTE cai 22 29 05 445515 a 250235242524 70 11 2 1 LAUNCHING TRACEROUTE UTILITY FROM JAVA a 70 11 2 2 LAUNCHING TRACEROUTE UTILITY FROM CONSOLE 70 11 2 3 GENERAL TRACEROUTE UTILITY 0400 70 11 3 BANDWIDTH TEST n 70 11 3 1 TEST BANDWIDTH FROM 0040000000 71 11 3 2 TEST BANDWIDTH FROM 5
31. Description print Show RIP settings export Export RIP settings set interface Change RIP settings in none rip1 2 out 1 1 2 auth 5 1 metric lt value gt passwd lt passwd gt Page 52 of 72 9 1 3 General RIP Parameters Name in console Name in Java Description interface Interface Interface name in In Incoming RIP mode out Out Outgoing RIP mode auth Authentication Authentication mode passwd Password Password string metric Metric Metric used both outgoing and incoming routes this metric is added to existing metric of route Positive numbers greater than O 9 2 Open Shortest Path First OSPF is a shortest path first or link state protocol OSPF is an interior gateway protocol that distributes routing information between routers in a single autonomous system OSPF chooses the least cost path as the best path OSPF is better suited than RIP for complex networks with many routers OSPF provides equal cost multipath routing where packets to a single destination can be sent via more than one interface simultaneously 9 2 1 Managing OSPF from Java Select the Routing menu and then the OSPF menu Four tabs can be used for configuration Interfaces Areas Stub Hosts and Virtual Links 9 2 2 Managing OSPF from Console Go to the routing ospf menu
32. FACES FROM CONSOLE 31 4 9 3 AIRONET 35 45 4800 INTERFACE 85 488 1 32 4 10 MWAVELAN INTERFACES BASE CONFIGURATION 32 4 10 1 MANAGING WAVELAN INTERFACES FROM CONSOLE 33 4 10 2 WAVELAN INTERFACE PARAMETERS eere ee emere 33 5 BRIDGE 1 1 rrr 34 5 1 CONFIGURING BRIDGE FROM 34 5 2 CONFIGURING BRIDGE FROM CONSOLE ccccsssecccccccceessssceccssceeeeesseseccssseeeeeeeess 34 5 3 BRIDGE CONFIGURATION 34 6 INTERNET PROTOCOL 4 eere eere nnno 35 6 1 ADDRESSES n m 35 6 1 1 MANAGING ADDRESSES FROM 35 6 1 2 MANAGING ADDRESSES FROM CONSOLE 4 840 0 35 6 1 3 GENERAL ADDRESS PARAMETERS 36 6 2 ROUTES eese P 36 6 2 1 MANAGING ROUTES FROM 0 36 6 2 2 MANAGING ROUTES FROM CONSOLE ccscccccccccccesssssecccsscceeessseecccssseeeueeseeseess 36 6 2 3 GENERAL ROUTES PARAMETERS
33. S FROM 4 080001 25 4 5 2 MANAGING PPP INTERFACES FROM CONSOLE eee heme 25 4 5 3 PPP INTERFACE PARAMETERS 0 0 nnn 26 4 6 IPSEC TUNNEES e rne co P Ced Ce cer tes E 26 4 6 1 MANAGING IPSEC TUNNELS FROM 26 4 6 2 MANAGING IPSEC TUNNELS FROM 6 9 2 27 4 6 3 IPSEC TUNNEL 6 4 04000000 0000 nnne eese ene 27 4 7 RADIOLAN INTERFACES 28 4 7 1 MANAGING RADIOLAN INTERFACES FROM 28 4 7 2 MANAGING RADIOLAN INTERFACES FROM CONSOLE 28 4 7 3 RADIOLAN INTERFACE PARAMETERS 0 enhn eese s nnns 29 4 8 MOXA SYNC INTEREACES 5556 ete e e rese Pep 29 4 8 1 MANAGING MOXA SYNC INTERFACES FROM JAVA eere eene 29 4 8 2 MANAGING MOXA SYNC INTERFACES FROM CONSOLE 29 4 8 3 MOXA SYNC INTERFACE 30 4 9 AIRONET 35 45 4800 INTERFACES 30 4 9 1 MANAGING AIRONET 35 45 4800 INTERFACES FROM 31 4 9 2 MANAGING AIRONET 35 45 4800 INTER
34. SPI Base SPI Base mode Encryption Encryption mode to use to encrypt mode packets ahkey AH Key Authentication Header Key espkey ESP Key ESP Key myside Side Side of tunnel Must be different for each end of tunnel Page 27 of 72 4 7 RadioLAN Interfaces RadioLAN interface supports the RadioLAN ISA CardLINK Model 101 10Mbit radio card 4 7 1 Managing RadioLAN Interfaces from Java RadioLAN specific parameters can be controlled from the Radio tab in interface details window Current status current default destination can be monitored in real time on Status tab in interface details window RadioLAN interfaces have an additional capability of low level radio connection testing Test can be started and results monitored in real time on under the Ping tab 4 7 2 Managing RadioLAN Interfaces from Console RadioLAN interface management is done in submenu interface radiolan Command syntax Description print interface Show interface s information set interface up down Change interface name new name gt mtu lt MTU gt properties distance distance txdiv lt on off gt rxdiv lt on off gt mode lt alone ap cfg firstap firstclient gt maxretr lt maxretries gt sid lt SID gt clientname clientname cfgdst lt destination gt monitor lt interface gt Monitor interface status in rea
35. and MAC address of Access Point can be monitored in real time under the Status tab in interface details window 4 9 2 Managing Aironet 35 45 4800 Interfaces from Console Aironet 35 45 4800 interface management is done in the submenu interface Command syntax Description print interface Show interface s information set interface up down Change interface name new name mtu MTU properties type lt ad hoc infrastructure gt rtsthres RTSthres fragthres lt fragthres gt txpower lt power gt rxdiv default both left right txdiv default both left right longretr lt longretr gt shortretr lt shortretr gt channel lt channel gt rate lt rate gt apl lt AP1 gt ap2 lt AP2 gt ap3 lt AP3 gt apl lt AP4 gt ssidl lt ssidl gt ssid2 lt ssid2 gt ssid3 lt ssid3 gt modulation lt CCK MBOK default gt clientname lt client name gt bperiod lt bperiod gt monitor lt interface gt Monitor interface status in real time Where lt interface gt is interface name or number obtained from print command Page 31 of 72 Interface status includes current signal quality channel frequency synchronization association name of Access Point and MAC address of Access Point 4 9 3 Aironet 35 45 4800 Interface Parameters
36. bmenu interface ether Command syntax Description print lt interface gt Show interface s information set interface up down Change interface properties name new name gt mtu lt MTU gt blink interface Generate traffic to blink LEDs Where interface is interface name or number obtained from print command Page 22 of 72 4 3 Arlan IC2200 Interfaces Arlan IC2200 interfaces include Aironet s 2200 655 2 4GHz 2Mbps ISA Client Cards 4 3 1 Managing Arlan 1 2200 Interfaces from Java Arlan 1C2200 specific parameters can be controlled from the Radio tab in interface details window Current status registration status and registered router and backbone can be monitored in real time on Status tab in interface details window 4 3 2 Managing IC2200 Interfaces from Console Arlan 1C2200 interface management is done in the submenu interface arlan Command syntax Description print lt interface gt Show interface s information set lt interface gt up down Change interface name lt new name gt mtu lt MTU gt properties frequency lt channel frequency gt bitrate lt bitrate gt cardname lt card name gt arlan lt yes no gt sid lt SID gt monitor lt interface gt Monitor interface status in real time blink lt interface gt Generate traffic to blink LEDs Where lt
37. e executed from the base level with the following parameters Command syntax Description floodping lt address gt psize lt size gt timeout lt time gt total lt number gt Launch flood ping 11 4 3 Ping Flood Utility Parameters Name console Name in Java Description lt address gt Ping to IP address of destination host psize Packet Size Size of each ICMP packet in bytes total Number of Number of ICMP packets Packets timeout Timeout Time after which in the packet is considered lost in case of no response in ms Page 72 of 72
38. e router doesn t receive an answer from the neighbor router during that time it will regard it as not functioning Greater than 0 Default value is 40 Page 55 of 72 Areas parameters Name in console Name in Java Description name Area name Area name id Area ID Area ID stub Stub Area Area that has only one link outside cost Cost Cost Positive number greater than 0 auth Authentication Authentication mode Stub hosts parameters Name in console Name in Java Description host Host Host address area Area Area cost Cost Cost Positive number greater than O Virtual links parameters Name in console Name in Java Description neighbor Neighbor ID The other end router ID area Transit Area Transit Area prio Priority Priority Values from O till 255 passwd Password Password retr Retransmit Retransmit Interval Greater than 0 Interval Default value is 5 delay Transit Delay Transit Delay Greater than 0 Default value is 1 hello Hello Interval Hello Interval Greater than 0 Default value is 10 dead Router Dead Router dead interval If the router doesn t Interval receive an answer from the neighbor router during that time it will regard it as not functioning Greater than 0 Default value is 40 Page 56 of 72 10 System Configuration 10 1 Terminal Setup and Basic System Setup 10 1 1Basic System Setu
39. ed and uploaded packages information can be viewed in the sys package menu by executing the following command Command syntax Description installed Installed packages menu uploaded Uploaded packages menu sys package installed menu commands Command syntax Description set number uninstall nol offl yes on Uninstall package print Show installed packages sys package uploaded menu commands Command syntax Description remove number Remove an uploaded package print Show uploaded packages 10 2 3 Packages Parameters Installed packages parameters Name in console Name in Java Description name Name Name of the package version Version Version number of the package build Build Number Build Number uninstall Uninstall Will uninstall after next reboot Uploaded packages parameters Name in console Name in Java Description name Name Name of the package version Version Version number of the package build Build Number Build Number Page 59 of 72 10 3 System History The system keeps a history of the configuration changes since last boot The history is lost when the router is rebooted The history buttons on the Java panel allow the user to undo and redo actions 10 3 1 Viewing System History from Java Select the History menu The s
40. ed first 3 1Managing Device Drivers from Java Select the Drivers menu to display the currently installed drivers New drivers can be installed by selecting the Existing drivers can be removed by selecting the as long as their status is disabled set in the Interface menu PCI drivers cannot be removed 3 2Managing Device Drivers from Console Driver management commands are located in the driver menu Command syntax Description load driver name gt irq lt IRQ gt Load driver io IO range start gt mem shared memory gt unload number Unload driver print Show loaded drivers Where number is number of a loaded driver which can be viewed in the list generated by the print command 3 3Device Driver Parameters Name in console Name in JAVA Description name Driver Name of driver to install irq IRQ Interrupt Request Number Can be omitted if device does not use IRQ For IRQ probing enter 0 in Java Box Page 17 of 72 10 IO Input Output port range base address Can be omitted if device does not use IO ports If you want to enter I O port range base address in hexadecimal form you should put 0x before it e g 0x300 mem MEM Shared Memory base address Can be omitted if device does not use Shared Memory In console use abbreviated form of driver name available from help
41. elect the Log Manager menu Select the Log Default Settings icon to set number of buffer lines default IP address and default port To configure log sources select the icon of the corresponding line 10 10 2 Managing System Logs from Console Local logs can be viewed in the sys logs menu Command syntax Description print Display local log buffer Page 66 of 72 Global logging management is performed in the sys logger menu sys logger menu commands Command syntax Description print Show global logging configuration set address lt address gt port lt number gt lines lt number gt Change global logging configuration sources Log sources configuration menu sources submenu commands Command syntax Description print Show configuration of log sources set lt number gt Change configuration of log type local none remote Sources address lt address gt port lt number gt prefix lt prefix gt interval lt interval gt 10 10 3 System Logs Parameters Log sources configuration parameters Name in console Name in Java Description group Group Read only Name of the log group type Logging Type of logging prefix Prefix Local log prefix is used when local logging is enabled Each line coming from this source is preceded by a prefix addre
42. er via Java Console All operations are performed via the main menu that is situated on the left of the main window It consists of ten items If menu item has an arrow sign than it contains submenu Each of them is described in the User Manual in the corresponding chapter excluding Help The table below describes the correlation Menu item Chapter Name Interfaces Network Interface Management IP Internet Protocol Management Routing Advanced Routing Management Queues Queues Management Bridge Bridge Configuration Drivers Device Driver Management SNMP SNMP Service Configuration System System Configuration Tools Tools Password System Configuration 2 1 2 How To Here are the most common actions that you perform on the entries Action Description Open To open the required window simply click on the corresponding menu item Add To add a new entry you should click on the icon in the corresponding window Remove To remove an existing entry click on the icon Edit There can edit an existing entry in two ways The first one is to click twice on the icon on the left of each line Then in the appeared window you can edit the required parameters Click Page 12 of 72 OK to accept changes or Cancel to discard them The other way is to edit entry parameters directly in the mail window where all the entries are displayed To accept your
43. escription export Export PPP DNS settings print Show PPP DNS settings set primary lt address gt Set primary and secondary Domain secondary lt address gt Name Servers ppp radius menu commands Command syntax Description export Export RADIUS settings print Show RADIUS settings set radius no off on yes Change RADIUS settings server address secret lt string gt accounting 6 4 3 General PPP Parameters Name console in Java Description interface Interface Interface name local Local Address Local IP address remote Remote Address Remote IP address primary Primary DNS Server Primary DNS server address secondary Secondary DNS Server Secondary DNS server address radius Use RADIUS Enable disable RADIUS server server RADIUS Server RADIUS server address secret Shared Secret Shared secret accounting RADIUS Accounting Enable disable RADIUS accounting 6 5 DHCP DHCP is Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol DHCP s purpose is to enable individual computers on an IP network to extract their configurations from a server the DHCP server or servers in particular servers that have no exact information about the individual computers until they request the information The overall purpose of this is to reduce the work necessary to administer a large IP network Page 39 of 72 6
44. face from the interface submenu as described above Go to the ip address submenu to assign an IP address to the router for example Page 10 of 72 ip address gt add local 192 168 0 2 mask 255 255 255 224 interfac therl If not supplied the network prefix 192 168 0 0 and broadcast address 192 168 0 31 will be calculated automatically in this case Last thing to configure before the router can be accessed remotely is default gateway Go to the Routes menu and enter ip route gt add gateway 192 168 0 1 interfac therl This will add the default route i e to the destination 0 0 0 0 with network mask 0 0 0 0 using host 192 168 0 1 as a gateway which can be reached using interface ether1 Try to ping some host on your network to test the initial configuration for example ip route gt ping 192 168 0 1 If you get responses from the host your network connection works properly and you should be able to access the router remotely via network Please read appropriate sections of this manual for more detailed description of configuration options Page 11 of 72 2 User Interconnection Description 2 1 Java Interconnection Description MikroTik Java Console requires Java 2 browser plug in the Web Browser open the page with the address http lt IPAddressOfTheRouter gt Then start the applet 2 1 1 General Information When you type your login name and password you are logged in the rout
45. face name or number obtained from print command The interface menu also contains device type specific submenus with device type specific commands The following device type submenus can be available depending on what features are licensed for a particular installation Page 21 of 72 Submenu Description ether Ethernet interfaces lmc LMC Sync interfaces ppp Async PPP interfaces ipsec IPSec tunnels radiolan RadioLAN interfaces arlan Arlan 2200 interfaces sync Moxa Sync interfaces pc Aironet 35 45 4800 interfaces wavelan WaveLAN interfaces 4 1 3 Basic Interface Parameter Description Name in console Name in Java_ Description name Name Human friendly name for the interface Maximum 31 character up Enabled yes Enable interface down Enabled no Disable interface mtu MTU Maximum Transfer Unit in bytes Enabled Enable or disable interface 4 2 Ethernet Interfaces Ethernet interfaces include standard 10 100 Mbit Ethernet network interface Ethernet interfaces do not have any device type dependent parameters Each Ethernet interface has its MAC address Media Access Control 4 2 1 Managing Ethernet Interfaces from Java Ethernet interface parameters can be changed from interface list window or from interface details window General tab 4 2 2 Managing Ethernet Interfaces from Console Ethernet interface management is done in su
46. fault 64 i e delay between messages default is 1 psize Packet Size optional Packet size in bytes 1 5 11 3 Bandwidth Test The Bandwidth Tester can be used to monitor the throughput to a remote Mikrotik router either wired or wireless and thereby help to discover network bottlenecks The TCP test uses the standard TCP protocol with acknowledgments and follows the TCP algorithm on how many packets to send according to latency Page 70 of 72 dropped packets and other features in the TCP algorithm Please review the TCP protocol for details on its internal speed settings and how to analyze its behavior Statistic for throughput are calculated using the entire size of the TCP packet As acknowledgments are an internal working of TCP their size and usage of the link are not included in the throughput statistics Therefore this statistic is not as reliable as the UDP statistic when estimating throughput The UDP tester sends 110 or more packets than currently reported as received on the other side of the link To see the maximum throughput of a link the packet size should be set for the maximum MTU allowed by the links usually this is 1500 bytes There is no acknowledgment required by UDP this implementation means that the closest approximation of the throughput can be seen 11 3 1 Test Bandwidth from Java Select the Bandwidth submenu of the Tools menu Designate the IP address of
47. from Synchronous tab in interface details window Current status status of modem control lines time since last keepalive and sequence number difference can be monitored in real time under the Status tab in interface details window 4 8 2 Managing Moxa Sync Interfaces from Console Moxa Sync interface management is done in submenu interface sync Command syntax Description print interface Show interface s information set interface up down Change interface name new name gt mtu lt MTU gt properties keepalive lt keepalive gt speed lt speed gt Page 29 of 72 rxclock lt internal line gt txclock lt internal line rxc gt nullmodem lt on off gt monitor lt interface gt Monitor interface status in real time blink lt interface gt Generate traffic to blink LEDs Where lt interface gt is an interface name or number obtained from print command Interface status includes status of modem control lines DTR RTS CTS DSR DCD time since last keepalive and sequence number difference 4 8 3 Moxa Sync Interface Parameters Name in console Name in Java Description keepalive Keepalive Interval after which keepalive is sent in seconds Speed Speed Speed of internal clock rxclock Rx Clock Receive clock source Source txclock Tx Clock Source Transmit clock source nullmodem
48. g Tree Protocol is used to avoid bridging loops and to communicate information between routers bridges Bridging works only for Ethernet and RadioLan interfaces You can bridge between Ethernet and RadioLan networks only the router should be a default destination on MAC level for others clients of the radio network Also you can bridge Ethernet networks through RadioLan network point to point 5 1Configuring Bridge from Java Select the Bridge menu Various protocols can be enabled or disabled 5 2Configuring Bridge from Console Bridge configuration commands are located in bridge menu Command syntax Description Print Show bridge configuration set bridge lt on off gt lt on off gt Change bridge ipx lt on off gt ipv6 lt on off gt configuration atalk lt on off gt 5 3Bridge Configuration Parameters Name in console Name in Java Description bridge Enabled Enable disable bridge ip IP Enable disable bridging of IP protocol ipx IPX Enable disable bridging of IPX protocol ipv6 IPv6 Enable disable bridging of IPv6 protocol atalk AppleTalk Enable disable bridging of AppleTalk protocol Page 34 of 72 6 Internet Protocol Management The Internet Protocol Management section includes configuration of all IP level settings such as IP addresses DHCP static routes and so on 6 1 Addresses Addresses serve as identification when commun
49. gt translate on off Add NAT rule set number scr lt address gt dst address inl terface lt name gt smask lt mask gt dmask lt mask gt rotocol lt protocol gt spots lt port range gt dports port range gt nat srce address gt nat dst lt address gt nat dmask lt mask gt nat dport lt port gt direction in out nat smask mask nat sport lt potr gt translate on off Change NAT rule 6 7 3 General NAT Parameters Name in console Name in Java Description direction Direction The direction of the packet where in means in out from the interface into the router and out means from the router to the interface src Source Source address mask and port of the smask Addr packet sports Mask default port 0 means all ports 1 65535 Port dst Destination Destination address mask and port of the dmask Addr packet dports Mask default port 0 means all ports 1 65535 Page 45 of 72 Port interface Interface Name of the interface the packet is passing through protocol Protocol Protocol name of the packet all icmp tcp etc translate Translate Designates the action to perform on packet translate or leave unchanged na t sre Source New source address mask and port of the nat smask Addr packet nat sport Mask port 0 and address 0 0 0 0 mean leave Port unc
50. hanged nat dst Destination New destination address mask and port of nat dmask Addr the packet nat dport Mask port 0 and address 0 0 0 0 mean leave Port unchanged 6 8 DNS By using a DNS server router administrators can use hostnames instead of IP addresses when setting up routes filters and other places where a numbered IP address is not required 6 8 1 Managing DNS from Java Select the DNS menu under the IP menu The DNS box can be configured with the primary DNS and secondary DNS by selecting the DNS settings icon 6 8 2 Managing DNS from Console ip dns menu commands Command syntax Description export Export DNS configuration and entries static Static DNS entries management menu set primary lt address gt secondary lt address gt Change DNS settings print Show DNS settings Page 46 of 72 dns static menu commands Command syntax Description print Show static DNS entries export Export static DNS entries add name lt hostname gt address lt address gt Add static DNS entry remove lt entry number gt Remove static DNS entry set lt number gt name lt hostname gt address lt address gt Change static DNS entry 6 8 3 General DNS Parameters Name in console Name in Java Description name Name Host name address IP Address Host IP address primary Primary
51. icating with other network devices It is possible to add multiple IP addresses to each of the interfaces or to leave interfaces without addresses assigned to them 6 1 1 Managing Addresses from Java Select the IP Addresses menu The Addresses List list shows all IP addresses with basic settings From the Address List window addresses can be edited added and removed Some addresses when using PPP can appear and disappear dynamically Dynamic addresses are marked with blue icon others with yellow Inactive addresses their interfaces are disabled are shown in gray and italic 6 1 2 Managing Addresses from Console Select address in the ip menu Command syntax Description add local lt address gt Add new address prefix lt prefix gt mask lt mask gt broad lt address gt interface lt name gt set lt number gt local lt address gt Change address properties prefix lt prefix gt mask lt mask gt broad lt address gt interface lt name gt remove lt number gt Remove address print Show addresses export Export addresses Page 35 of 72 6 1 3 General Address Parameters Name in Console Java Description interface Interface Name of interface the address will be used with local Local Address Local IP address for the interface mask Network Mask Network Mask to be used with the prefix prefix Prefix optional Netwo
52. imum 255 characters contact Contact Info Administrator contact information Maximum 255 characters Page 48 of 72 8 Queues Management Queuing is a mechanism that controls bandwidth allocation delay variability timely delivery and delivery reliability 8 1Managing Queuing from Java Open the Queues window by clicking on the corresponding menu New queues are automatically added when an interface is inserted and set up When a queue is set to type split new sub node queues can be added Each new queue can be set to queuing type or algorithm 8 2Managing Queuing from Console Not supported Command syntax Description 8 3General Queuing Parameters Queue parameters Name in Console Parameter Description Queue type Available queue types Flow mark Flow mark of the stream sorting parameter See Firewall section Limited at Maximum bandwidth for the stream Priority Flow priority 1 15 Weight Flow weight Allocated The number of bytes allocated for the bandwidth Isolated Other queues wont be able take over this queue bandwidth Bounded The queue can occupy other queues if its necessary Page 49 of 72 Queue type Characteristics PFIFO Packet First In First Out is the simplest queuing algorithm The packets are served in the same order as they are received BFIFO The same as PFIFO except that this
53. interface gt is interface name or number obtained from print command Interface status includes registration status and registered router and backbone 4 3 3 IC2200 Parameter Description Name in console Name in Java Description frequency Frequency Channel frequency in MHz bitrate Bitrate Data Transmission speed in Mbits cardname Card Name Name of the client to be shown in the registration table of the Access Point or Page 23 of 72 Bridge Maximum 15 characters sid SID Value of System Identifier Should be the same for all nodes on the radio network Maximum 31 character arlan TMA mode Enable Disable registration mode when client has to register to an AP2000 Access Point or BR2000 E Bridge 4 4 LMC Sync Interfaces LMC Sync interfaces include LMC5200 HSSI LMC5245 DS3 and LMC 1000 V 53 cards 4 4 1 Managing LMC Sync Interfaces from Java LMC interface specific parameters can be controlled from the Advanced tab in the interface details window Current status status of card LEDs and current clock speed can be monitored in real time on Status tab in interface details window 4 4 2 Managing LMC Sync Interfaces from Console LMC Sync interface management is done in submenu interface Ilmc lt contains commands Command syntax Description print lt interface gt Show interface s information set lt interface gt
54. l time table lt interface gt Show neighbor table test lt interface gt Test link to remote address lt MAC address gt RadioLAN host total lt total gt size lt size gt blink lt interface gt Generate traffic to blink LEDs Where lt interface gt is an interface name or number obtained from print command Interface status includes current default destination Page 28 of 72 4 7 3 RadioLAN Interface Parameters Name in console Name in Java Description distance Distance Distance to remote end of point to point link txdiv Tx Diversity Enable Disable transmit diversity rxdiv Rx Diversity Enable Disable receive diversity mode Default destination Operation mode maxretr Maximum Retries Maximum retries to use when sending sid SID System Identifier 4 chars max clientname Name Client name string 15 characters maximum cfgdst Default destination Configured destination Used only string in operation mode when default destination is configured Test utility parameters Name in console Name in Java Description address Ping To MAC address of host to test link to total Packets Total number of packets to use in test size Packet Size Size of test packets 4 8 Moxa Sync Interfaces Moxa Sync interfaces supports the Moxa C101 Sync adapters 4 8 1 Managing Moxa Sync Interfaces from Java Moxa Sync specific parameters can be controlled
55. lt port 0 means all ports 1 65535 For Port ICMP packets port parameter means ICMP packet code proto Protocol Protocol name of the packet all icmp tcp udp etc interface Interface Interface name or 11 for any interface tcp TCP Options Can be specified only if tcp is selected target Target Chain Can be specified if action is jump flow Flow Mark Mark for the packet to be used in further actions queuing Flow mark is used only inside the router and it is lost when the packet exits the router If there are several rules for marking the packet the packet is marked with the flow mark from the last applied rule Page 43 of 72 Actions to perform on rules Action name in console Action name in Java Description accept Accept Accept everything reject Reject Reject everything and send ICMP reject message deny Deny Silently drop the packet without sending the ICMP reject message masq Masq Use masquerading return Return Return to the chain from which this rule has been invoked jump Jump Jump to another chain Chain parameters Name in console Name in Java Description name Name Chain name policy Policy Chain policy 6 7 NAT NAT Network Address Translation is the translation of an IP address used within one network to a different IP address known within another network One network is designated the inside network and the other is the
56. mmand Name Description Chapter in the Manual ping Send ICMP Echo packets Tools floodping Launch Flood Ping utility Tools import Run exported configuration script telnet Run Telnet quit Quit Console setup Do basic setup of the system Terminal Setup and Basic System Setup password Change user password System Configuration undo Undo previous action redo Redo previously undone action export Export the router configuration traceroute Trace route to host Tools Page 14 of 72 btest Run bandwidth test to remote Tools host interface Interface configuration Network Interface Management driver Driver management Device Driver Management sys System Configuration bridge Bridge Configuration snmp SNMP configuration SMNP Service Configuration terminal Set terminal type Terminal Setup and Basic System Setup ip IPv4 specific settings Internet Protocol Management routing Routing protocol settings Advanced Routing Management The slash in the end of the command means that this command leads to the submenu 2 2 1 How To The table below describes how you can execute commands move through the levels in the console etc Command Action command Enter Execute the command Show the list of all available commands command Display help on the command and the list of arguments command argument Display help on the command s
57. n halt reboot and reset controls For most systems it is necessary to wait approximately 30 seconds for a safe power down 10 7 1 System Shutdown from Java Select the System menu then the Shutdown menu The dialog box will appear asking you whether you want to reboot or shutdown the router Warning after entering shutdown it is necessary to manually restart the router 10 7 2System Shutdown from Console The following commands can be executed in the sys menu Command syntax Description reboot f Reboot confirmation the system Use f argument to suppress reset Reset the system Note This command deletes all router configuration settings New ID PWD are root root pm Halt the system Use argument to suppress confirmation Page 64 of 72 10 8 System Identity Set the identification name of the router 10 8 1 Setting System Identity from Java Select System menu and then Identity and enter the router name 10 8 2Setting System Identity from Console Go to the sys menu Command syntax Description identity set lt name gt Set system identity 10 8 3 System Identity Parameters Name in console Name in Java Description name Router Name System identity string is used as human friendly name for router and also in SNMP queries Maximum is 16 characters 10 9 System Date and Time
58. net controller for PCI as used the IntelEtherExpressPro 100 adapter Driver name tulip This device driver is designed for the DECchip Tulip Digital s single chip ethernet controllers for PCI Supported members of the family are the 21040 21041 21140 21140A 21142 and 21143 Similar work alike chips from Lite On Macronics ASIX Compex and other listed below are also supported Interfaces Digital DC21040 Tulip Digital DC21041 Tulip Digital DS21140 Tulip Digital DS21143 Tulip Lite On 82c168 PNIC Macronix 98713 PMAC Macronix 98715 PMAC Macronix 98725 PMAC ASIX AX88140 Lite On LC82C115 PNIC II ADMtek AN981 Comet Compex RL100 TX Intel 21145 Tulip Xircom Tulip clone Page 19 of 72 Driver name rtl8139 This device driver is designed for the RealTek RTL8129 the RealTek Fast Ethernet controllers for PCI This chip is used on a few clone boards Interfaces RealTek RTL8129 Fast Ethernet RealTek RTL8139 Fast Ethernet SMC1211TX EZCard 10 100 RealTek RTL8139 Accton MPX5030 RealTek RTL8139 Driver name winbond 840 This driver is for the Winbond w89c840 chip Interfaces Winbond W89c840 Compex RL100 ATX ISA Cards Driver name ne2k pci Interface NE2000 Page 20 of 72 4 Network Interface Management 4 1Introduction An Interface is physical or virtual device which provides a connection to an external network Network interfaces are created automatically when the Network Interface Card driver is loaded
59. nts and BIOS Settings The MikroTik Router Software installs on a standard PC system with a hard disk or flash disk Hardware requirements are as follows Processor DX486 or higher CPU with math co proccessor Pentium AMD Cyrix IDT WinChip or Intel 100 or higher suggested RAM atleast 16 MB Video Color or Monochrome VGA video card or on board VGA port HDD controller IDE hard drive controller HDD Hard disk or flash disk 20 MB or more FEDD 1 44 MB Floppy Drive This is not needed after installation and can be safely removed Keyboard may be also removed after the software installation if BIOS allows the PC to boot without a keyboard Page 8 of 72 Monitor may be removed after installation You should keep the keyboard and monitor attached if you want to administer the system locally from the console Network Interface NE2000 or compatible NIC For more supported network cards and devices please see Supported Hardware section Check the BIOS settings of your router Make sure that the boot sequence is A and Floppy drive seek at boot is enabled Check that the BIOS settings for PNP OS are disabled and PCI and ISA allocation of IRQs correspond to your interface installation plans Disable the paralell port to free resources Check the IO and IRQ assignments for Serial Interfaces which should be as follows COMI IO 0x3f8 and IRQ 4 COM2 IO 0x2f8 and IRQ If you
60. ocessing is successful then the packet is matched to the filtering rules of the forward chain After that packet is passed to the output interface and processed according to the rules of output chain Packets originated from the router are processed according to the output chain only The firewall also has a packet mark feature which is used to mark packet flows for the standard queuing process and bandwidth allocation Page 41 of 72 6 6 1 Managing Firewall Functions from Java Select the Firewall menu under the IP menu Select the corresponding tag to enter edit desired information 6 6 2 Managing Firewall Functions from Console Firewall management can be performed from the ip firewall menu Command syntax Description chain Firewall chains menu rule Firewall chain rules menu export Export firewall settings firewall chain menu commands Command syntax Description print Show all chains add name lt name gt policy accept deny masquerade reject Add new chain set lt chain name or number gt name lt name gt policy lt policy gt Change chain remove lt chain name or number gt Remove chain firewall rule menu commands Command syntax Description add lt chain gt Add new rule action accept reject return proto l
61. ode or Out for dial out mode tab Current status current line status error description uptime and name of logged in user can be monitored in real time under the Status tab in interface details window Note The standard serial ports have a default configuration as serial console ports see the Pameters section for details 4 5 2 Managing PPP Interfaces from Console PPP interface management is done in the submenu interface ppp Command syntax Description print interface Show interface s information set interface up down Change interface name new name mtu MTU properties mru lt MRU gt type dial in dial out direct gt auth lt none pap chap gt user lt username gt server servername line lt linespeed gt phone lt phonenumber gt tone lt on off gt rings lt rings gt nullmodem lt on off gt demand lt on off gt idle lt idletime gt init lt string gt defaultroute no off on yes monitor interface Monitor interface status in real time Page 25 of 72 Where lt interface gt is interface name or number obtained from print command Interface status includes current line status error description if any uptime and name of logged in user 4 5 3 PPP Interface Parameters Name in console Name in Java Description mru MRU Maximum Size of received packe
62. ole WaveLAN interface management is done in the submenu interface wavelan Command syntax Description print lt interface gt Show interface s information set interface up down Change interface nick new nickname mtu lt MTU gt properties mode ad hoc infrastructure rts lt RTSthres gt frag lt fragthres gt txpower lt power gt freq lt frequency gt rate lt rate gt essid lt essid gt export blink monitor interface Monitor interface status in real time Where interface is interface name command 4 10 2 WaveLAN Interface Parameters or number obtained from print Name in console Name in Java Description mode Infrastructure Mode Operation mode of card ad hoc or infrastructure Default value is infrastructure rts RTS threshold RTS Threshold Value can be from 0 till 2347 frag Fragmentation Fragmentation threshold Values threshold can be from 256 till 2346 freq Frequency Frequency for a network in Ad Hoc mode rate Data Rate Data rate Can be 1 2 5 5 11 or auto essid SSID Network name You should write in Access Point ssid If not define can connect to any AP nick Nickname Card nickname Page 33 of 72 5 Bridge Configuration Bridging is used to pass MAC layer packets between interfaces without any routing When the routers are used in bridging mode Spannin
63. olled from the IPsec tab in interface details window New IPSec tunnels can be created by selecting the button in interface list window IPSec interfaces can be removed by selecting the Remove button in interface list window 4 6 2 Managing IPSec Tunnels from Console IPSec tunnel management is done in the submenu interface ipsec Command syntax Description print interface Show interface s information add interface up down Add IPSec tunnel name new name gt mtu lt MTU gt remote remote IP spibase spibase mode MD5 3DES MD5 DES ahkey ahkey spkey espkey myside left right set interface up down Change interface name new name gt mtu lt MTU gt properties remote remote IP spibase lt spibase gt mode MD5 3DES MD5 DES ahkey ahkey espkey lt espkey gt myside lt left right gt monitor lt interface gt Monitor interface status in real time remove lt interface gt Remove IPSec tunnel Where lt interface gt is interface name or number obtained from print command Interface status includes registration status and registered router and backbone 4 6 3 IPSec Tunnel Parameters in console Name in Java Description remote Remote IP address of remote endpoint of Address tunnel spibase
64. outer read Read Can only view the configuration but not change it write Write The same as Full but without permission to add delete or change users full Full Full control 10 5 Change Password You can easily change password using this special command 10 5 1 How To Change Password Using Java In the main menu there is an item Password You will be prompted to enter your old password and enter new password twice When you logout and login for the next time you must enter the new password The old password is lost forever 10 5 2How To Change Password Using Console Go to the base level and execute the following command Command syntax Description password Change user password Page 62 of 72 You will be prompted to enter your old password and enter new password twice When you logout and login for the next time you must enter the new password The old password is lost forever 10 6 System Resources System s uptime total memory HDD Flash drive size CPU type and CPU frequency are displayed 10 6 1 Viewing System Resources from Java Select the System menu and the Resources menu Java gives you expanded possibilities in viewing the system resources Under the Monitor tab a window shows the utilization of system s CPU and memory usage in graphical form Under the IRQ tab the system s hardware IRQ s and their usage are shown Under IO
65. outer Software for the first time using login name root and password root Please change the root s password later for security reasons to avoid unauthorized access to your router NOTE There is no way to replace a lost password so be careful 1 4 Configuring the Router A connection via console port is established using an RS 232 null modem cable Standard PCs have a 9 pin male serial port built in Use any VT100 terminal emulation program on your PC or Laptop The required communication settings are 9600 bps 8 bit No parity 1 stop bit For PC with Windows running set the COM port to your corresponding serial port Usually it is COM2 After logging on to your PC router you should go to the interface submenu to see the installed interfaces Use the following command for that interface gt print If the device driver for the installed network interface card is loaded automatically for example most PCI NIC s the interface should already be listed Select the desired interface and type and enable it interface gt set up lt interface name gt If the device driver could not be loaded automatically load the driver for the installed NIC using the driver submenu Use the load command and supply the required parameters For example a NE2000 ISA card configured to use IO 0x300 and IRQ 5 requires following line to be entered driver gt load name ne2k isa io 0x300 Do not forget to enable the inter
66. outside Typically an administrator maps the local inside network addresses to one or more global outside IP addresses and unmaps the global IP addresses on incoming packets back into local IP addresses This helps ensure security since each outgoing or incoming request must go through a translation process that also offers the opportunity to qualify or authenticate the request or match it to a previous request NAT also conserves the number of global IP addresses and it lets the whole network use a single IP address in its communication with the world 6 7 1 Managing NAT from Java Select the NAT menu under the IP The NAT list allows editing adding and removing NAT entries Page 44 of 72 6 7 2 Managing NAT from Console Network Address Translation management is performed in the ip nat menu Command syntax Description print Show NAT rules export Export NAT rules move lt source nun lt destination nun nber nber Move NAT rule from source number to destination number remove rule nun nber Remove NAT rule add interface lt name gt scr lt address gt smask mask dst address dmask lt mask gt rotocol lt protocol gt spots port range gt dports port range gt nat src address nat dst address nat dmask mask nat dport lt port gt direction in out nat smask mask nat sport lt potr
67. p This action can be performed only in the console The described below commands can be executed from the base level or from anywhere else if you type before them 10 1 2Basic Router Setup Basic router setup can be done from the base level using setup command If you have an NE2000 Ethernet card then it was loaded automatically on boot all you have to do is to enable this interface and make all necessary IP settings You can do that using the setup command Command Parameters Description setup Basic system setup Enable interfac Enable an interface IP Address Set router s IP address Netmask Set network mask Gateway Set a default gateway of the router Try to ping some host on your network to test the initial configuration for example MikroTik ping 1 1 1 2 If you get responses from the host your network connection works properly and you should be able to access the router remotely via network If you have some other network card please read the Device Driver Management section in the User Manual for details on a specific driver you are using whether it is loaded automatically or not If it was loaded automatically then the setup command would work as described above If the driver was not loaded automatically then the setup command will ask you to do that Also you will be prompted to enter IP parameters Page 57 of 72 Command Parameters Description
68. rint Show user s export Export PPP users 10 4 3 User Parameters Name in console Name in Java Description name Name Login name this value cannot be changed for existing users Can contain letters digits and 5 group Group Indicates the access group the user belongs to See the table below for available values desc Description Description for the user password Password List box used to change the password for current user It conforms to standard Unix characteristics of passwords Can contain letters digits and _ Confirm For password confirmation PPP Allow to use PPP Enable to allow dial in use or use the user name and password for authentication at the remote host when dialing out server Server Name Authentication Server Name empty field means any server name for the PPP Page 61 of 72 users addr Preferred IP IP address to be assigned to the user s Address dial in client when logged in using PPP If the remote address is specified in PPP interface settings then this address should match the specified address in order to enable client to log in Note user will be used for PPP as any user Groups parameters Group name in console Group name in Java Description ppp PPP Designed for PPP accounts Provides only PPP access to the r
69. rk Prefix to be used with the address It shows what network can be reached through the interface with the given IP address If not specified will be calculated from Local Address and Network Mask broad Broadcast optional Broadcast Address to be used Address with the address If not specified will be calculated from Local Address Network Mask 6 2 Routes Routes are needed for communicating with networks that are not directly attainable via the router s local interfaces Routes to locally connected interfaces and networks are created automatically based on the IP address assigned to local interfaces Static routes including the default route are set in the IP Routes menu Other automatic routes are created by routing daemons such as RIP and OSPF which can be found in the Routing menu from the base level Dynamic routes are shown in IP Routes too 6 2 1 Managing Routes from Java Select the Routes menu under the IP menu The Routes List shows current routes settings which can be edited added and deleted Disabled routes interface they are using is disabled are shown in gray and italic Dynamic routes are marked with blue icon others with red 6 2 2 Managing Routes from Console Select th submenu ip route Command syntax Description add interface lt name gt Add new route gw lt address gt dst lt address gt mask lt mask gt Page 36 of 72
70. set lt key gt Set software key print Show software ID number Page 68 of 72 11 Tools MikroTik tools include standard TCP IP tools such as ping and trace route and also custom made tools MikroTik custom tools are designed to assist you in verifying the quality of links stability and bandwidth If you have any suggestion for improving these tools please suggest it at our suggestion page on our website 11 1 Ping Ping uses Internet Control Message Protocol ICMP Echo messages to determine if a remote host is active or inactive and to determine the round trip delay when communicating with it 11 1 1 Launching Ping Utility from Java Select the Ping submenu in the Tools menu The Ping utility sends four ping messages and displays them in real time in the Ping list box 11 1 2Launching Ping Utility from Console From local console enter the command ping from the base level or us ping from any location in the console Command syntax Description ping address psize packet size Send ICMP Requests interval lt interval gt Ping utility shows Time To Live value of the received packet ttl and Roundtrip time time in ms The console Ping session be stopped when the ctrl Cis pressed 11 1 3Ping Utility Parameter Description Name in console Name in Java Description address Address IP address for the host you want to ping
71. ss Remote Remote log server IP address Used when Address logging type is remote If not set default log server IP address is used port Remote Port Remote log server UDP port Used when logging type is remote If not set default log server UDP port is used interval Interval Traffic logs dump interval Used only for Traffic Account source Tells how often traffic logs should be dumped Page 67 of 72 Types of logging Type Description local When type local is used logs are stored in local log buffer none When type none is used logs from this source are discarded remote When type remote is used logs are sent to remote log server Global logging parameters Name in console Name in Java Description lines Number of Buffer Lines Number of lines kept in local buffer When number of lines in local log buffer is exceeded lines from the beginning of buffer are deleted address Default IP Remote log server IP address Used Address when remote logging is enabled but no IP address of the remote server is specified IP 0 0 0 0 port Default Remote Remote log server UDP port Used when Port remote logging is enabled but no UDP port of the remote server is specified UDP 0 10 11 License You can view and set Software ID Number by executing command 1 in the sys menu in console Command syntax Description
72. t protocol gt target lt chain gt srcaddr address srcmask lt mask gt srcports lt ports gt dstaddr address dstmask lt mask gt dstports lt ports gt interface lt name gt tcp all nosys sys flow lt mark gt log on off set chain rule number Change rule action accept deny jump masq none reject return proto lt protocol gt target lt chain gt Page 42 of 72 srcaddr lt address gt srcmask mask srcports lt ports gt dstaddr lt address gt dstmask lt mask gt log on off dstports lt ports gt interface name all tcp all nosys sys flow lt mark gt remove chain name or number rule number Remove rule move chain source destination Move rule in this chain from source number to destination number print chain name or number Show rules 6 6 3 General Firewall Parameters Rule parameters Name in console Name in Java Description action Action Action to perform log Log Turns on or off logs writing option srcaddr Source Source address mask and port of the srcmask Address packet srcports Mask Default port 0 means all ports 1 65535 For Port ICMP packets port parameter means ICMP packet type dstaddr Destination Destination address mask and port of the dstmask Address packet dstports Mask Defau
73. the host to test and choose the test mode either TCP or UDP For UDP choose the desired Packet Size in the corresponding edit box The test output is represented as two graphs showing current speed and the ten second average 11 3 2 Test Bandwidth from Console Use the btest command from the base level Command syntax Description btest lt address gt type lt type gt Run bandwidth test to a remote psize lt psize gt Mikrotik router Example P46 gt btest 10 0 0 56 type udp psize 50 Bandwidth test to 159 148 172 206 protocol UDP packet size 50 To stop bandwidth test use CTRL C 11 3 3 Bandwidth Test Parameters Name in console Name in Java Description lt address gt Test link to IP address of destination host type TCP UDP Test type can be UDP or TCP psize Packet Size UDP only Packet size 50 to 1500 bytes Page 71 of 72 11 4 Ping Flood Ping flood sends ICMP Internet Control Message Protocol echo requests to a remote host in the same manner as the ping utility but it sends the next request as soon as it receives a reply 11 4 1 Launching Ping Flood from Java Select the Flood Ping submenu in Tools menu Flood ping shows sent packets percentage from the given number received packages percentage minimum average and maximal Roundtrip Time of the packages 11 4 2 Launching Ping Flood from Console Command floodping should b
74. ts type type selection Line operation mode Default value is Dial In auth Authentication Authentication type for this port user User Name User name to use to log into server when dialing out Can contain letters digits and server Server Name Server name of this port for dial in Can contain letters digits and line Line Speed Speed of serial line phone Phone Number Phone number to call when dialing out tone Tone Dial Enable Disable tone dial rings Rings Number of rings to wait before answering phone nullmodem Null Modem Enable Disable null modem mode when enabled no modem initialization strings are sent Default value is on So by default null modem is turned on demand Dial On Enable Disable dial on demand Demand idle Idle Time Idle time after which close connection init Modem Init Modem Initialization String defaultroute Add Default Add PPP remote address as a default Route route Other settings are destination 0 0 0 0 netmask 0 0 0 0 interface ppp preferred source 0 0 0 0 4 6 IPSec Tunnels IPSec tunnels are virtual interfaces that encrypt all traffic that is sent over them and forwards them as IP packets to tunnel endpoint IPSec tunnels can be created and removed manually A router can have total of 16 IPSec tunnels 4 6 1 Managing IPSec Tunnels from Java Page 26 of 72 IPSec specific parameters can be contr
75. ueue Type Queue type Bandwidth Queue bandwidth in bytes sec Queue Size Maximum byte number that queue can in bytes hold Page 51 of 72 9 Advanced Routing Management Standard kernel routes are created when adding an address to the router and static routes are added by the user A third type of route is created by software daemons such GateD routing For exchanging the routing information between the routers MikroTik Router Software supports two interior routing protocols the Routing Information Protocol RIP Version 1 and Version 2 and the Open Shortest Path First OSPF protocol 9 1 Routing Information Protocol RIP selects the route with the lowest metric as the best route The metric is a hop count representing the number of gateways through which data must pass through to reach its destination To enable the exchange of routing information between two routers connected to the same network both routers should have RIP enabled on the interfaces to the network which connects them Only information about kernel routes and routes learned using RIP is exchanged between the routers 9 1 1 Managing RIP from Java Select the Routing menu and the RIP menu Select the icon of the desired interface to change its RIP settings 9 1 2 Managing RIP from Console Go to the routing menu by executing the command with the corresponding name from the base level Then go to the rip menu Command syntax
76. up down Change interface properties name lt new name gt mtu lt MTU gt extclk lt yes no gt scrambler lt yes no gt longcable lt yes no gt monitor lt interface gt Monitor interface status in real time Where lt interface gt is interface name or number obtained from print command Interface status includes status of card LEDs and current clock speed 4 4 3 LMC Sync Interface Parameter Description in console Java Description extclk External Clock Enable Disable use of external clock scrambler DS3 Scrambler Enable Disable DS3 Scrambler Page 24 of 72 longcable Long DS3 Enable Disable long DS3 cable Cable 4 5 PPP Interfaces PPP or Point to Point Protocol provides a method for transmitting datagrams over serial point to point links The com1 and com2 ports from standard PC hardware configurations will appear as serial0 and seriall automatically lt is possible to add thirty two additional serial ports with the Moxa C168 PCI multiport asynchronous card eight ports each to use the router for a modem pool 4 5 1 Managing PPP Interfaces from Java PPP interface specific parameters can be controlled from the PPP tab in the interface details window Depending on line operation mode dial in dial out or direct additional parameters can be controlled from the In for dial in m
77. xport OSPF hosts set lt host gt area lt name gt cost lt value gt host lt address gt Change stub host properties add area lt name gt cost lt value gt host lt address gt Add stub host remove lt host number gt Remove stub host Page 54 of 72 OSPF virtual links menu commands Command syntax Description print detail Show virtual links you can do it in detailed form export lt filename gt append Export OSPF virtual links set Change virtual link properties add area lt name gt neighbor lt address gt prio lt value gt passwd lt password gt retr lt value gt delay lt value gt hello value dead value Add virtual link remove link number Remove virtual link 9 2 3 General OSPF Parameters Interfaces parameters Name in console Name in Java Description interface Interface Interface name area Area Area up Enabled Enable Disable OSPF down cost Cost Cost Positive number greater than 0 prio Priority Priority Number from 0 till 255 passwd Password Password retr Retransmit Interval Retransmit Interval Greater than O Default value is 5 delay Transit Delay Transit Delay Greater than O Default value is 1 hello Hello Interval Hello Interval Greater than O Default value is 10 dead Router Dead Interval Router dead interval If th
78. ystem history be viewed in the appeared History window The information is read only Use the buttons on the main widow to undo and redo actions 10 3 2 Viewing System History from Console The system history can be viewed from the sys history menu Command syntax Description print Show command history 10 3 3 System History Parameters in console Name in Java Description description History System history level Access Level Shows what privileges user privileges are needed to undo the changes 10 4 User Management User management includes adding users removing users setting names groups and passwords 10 4 1 User Management from Java User management can be performed from the Users List windows that appears after you select the Users menu in the Sys menu Page 60 of 72 10 4 2 User Management from Console Go to the sys user menu Command syntax Description add name lt name gt password lt password gt group full ppp read write ppp onloff desc lt description gt server lt name gt addr lt address gt Add new user set lt user number gt name lt name gt desc lt description gt ppp on off gt group full ppp read write gt Change user properties password lt password gt addr lt address gt server lt name gt remove lt user number gt Remove user p

MikroTik™ V2.0 Router Software Technical Reference Manual

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MikroTik&trade; V2.0 Router Software Technical Reference Manual

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MikroTik™ V2.0 Router Software Technical Reference Manual