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User Manual - EndRun Technologies

1. gsysosctype gsyspasswd gsystimemode gsysversion qvid A qu edu de UII ME EE TEE TCR HS NOE TT M DARREN Tycho GPS User oscirltat pluginopts pluginoptsconfig setant limask setgpscaldelay setgpsdynmode setgpsrefpos setsig limask settfom ltlyl sigfltmask Homflilvl updaterootflag upgradegps upgradekernel RS 232 Serial 1 0 Port Signal Definitions Chapter Four Optional Rear Panel Outputs CPU Module O
2. 67 Recover Command a as seara ec eO e RD heh a serie et Nac ee MA Mead tah T ue e AUR erg eub e gis 67 Appendix C Simple Network Management Protocol SNMP 69 SNMP SEQUI cuu due Qe M e M Eu ee Oo sb 69 Enterprise Management Information Base MIB 69 Invocation of the SNMP daemon 70 Quick Start Configuration 1 2 70 Change Default Community Strings Passwords Configuring SNMPvl Trap Generation 7i Configuring SNMPv2c Notifications and Informs 7i Configuration of SNMPv3 72 Disabling The SNMP 73 Appendix D 75 Linux Operating System 75 Using Edit ere ee Area we 76 Mies 76 Disabling 0 7 Disable Telnet TIME and DAYTIME 7 SNMPand HTTP 5 aso Lira ve ddd s Ede oe bat ls Saa
3. Using netconfig to Set Up Your IP Verify Network Configuration Check Network Operation O Connecting Instruments to the Tycho 16 apter Three Control and Status Commands 17 17 Available User Commands 18 General Linux Shell Operation Detailed Command Descriptions 19 AAA L 20 20 EI A quopts cpuoptsconfig 0 Ti nn HR ee dido TL a YN
4. trap2community trap2port informsink xxx xxx xxx xxx informcommunity informport where trap2community and informcommunity should be replaced by your communities and xxx XXX XXX XXX is the IP address or hostname of the destination host for receiving the notifica tions or informs generated by the Tycho By default the v2c trap or inform will be sent to port 162 You may optionally add another parameter trap2port or informport to the ends of the above lines to override the default port setting Otherwise leave it blank Note Though the agent will recognize multiple trap2sink or informsink lines within etc snmpd conf and send the generic SNMP coldStart or authenticationFailure notifications and informs to each destination the enterprise notification inform generation mechanism of the Tycho will only send a notification to the last declared trap2sink and an inform to the last declared informsink in the file 71 Tycho GPS User Manual Configuration of SNMPv3 APPENDIX C IMPORTANT After editing etc snmpd conf you must copy it to the boot etc directory and reboot the system It is very important to retain the access mode for the file readable only by root so be sure to use cp p when performing the copy During the boot process the files contained in the boot ete directory are cop ied to the working ete directory on the system RAM disk In this way the factory defaults are overwritten If you are planning to use SNMPv
5. T 2 2 2 22 M M M M M 25 29 25 IH set Min PREMIERE gpscaldelay gpsdynmode gpsrefpos gpsstat gpstrkstat gpsversion gsyshwaddr
6. 1 trien A A atu ug 1 MINER GN WAY SR Siandard Featuresi a Secure Network Interface Free FLASH Upgrades 4 ek ree RE ee SSA a Ua RR RES 2 GPS Timing How It Works 2 Where bell obe ce ve o A cae dos 2 Chapter Two Basic Installation 0 3 Checking and Identifying the Hardware 3 Tycho Physical Description 4 Performing an Initial Site Survey 5 stalling ihe DIG E 6 Mount the Tycho sc tre AN Si ee Pee etes AS Ore e 6 Connecting the DC Power Option 7 Connecting and Configuring 7 Configuring Ethernet with the Serial Port 7 Couned the RS 232 Serial I O Port 7 Test the Serial iste trece Scare Rady ace e ad RR E p eese 8 Tycho GPS User 11 13 14 Bind rn oie
7. Be SUBMI 8 Please wait after pressing Submit This may take about 60 seconds Q Tycho GPS User Manual Upgrade Via The Network Serial Port UPGRADING THE FIRMWARE In order to upgrade via the network or serial ports you will need to first download the appropri ate FLASH binary image file from the EndRun website After you have done this you are ready to upgrade your Tycho The firmware consists of two FLASH binary image files One of these is the firmware for the Tycho Linux Subsystem This firmware executes on the IBM compatible CPU and contains the embedded Linux operating system and application software The other file is the firmware for the GPS Subsystem Each of these files may be upgraded independently although some upgrades require both images to be modified together You will need to use tp or scp to transfer the binary image file s to the Tycho This means that you must place the previously downloaded file s in a place on your network which is accessible to the Tycho Performing the Linux Subsystem Upgrade There are two FLASH disk partitions which hold the compressed Linux root file system images These partitions are raw FLASH blocks have no file system and may not be mounted They are ac cessed through low level devices To protect the factory root file system from accidental erasure or over writing the device node has been deleted The upgrade FLASH disk partition 1s accessed via dev rootfs 1 When perfo
8. These requirements apply to the modified work as a whole If identifiable sections of that work are not derived from the Program and can be reasonably considered independent and separate works in themselves then this License and its terms do not apply to those sections when you distribute them as separate works But when you distribute the same sections as part of a whole which is a work based on the Program the distribution of the whole must be on the terms of this License whose permissions for other licensees extend to the entire whole and thus to each and every part regardless of who wrote it Thus it is not the intent of this section to claim rights or contest your rights to work written entirely by you rather the intent is to exercise the right to control the distribution of derivative or collective works based on the Program In addition mere aggregation of another work not based on the Program with the Program or with a work based on the Program on a volume of a storage or distribution medium does not bring the other work under the scope of this License 3 You may copy and distribute the Program or a work based on it under Section 2 in object code or executable form under the terms of Sections 1 and 2 above provided that you also do one of the following Accompany it with the complete corresponding machine readable source code which must be distributed under the terms of Sections 1 and 2 above on a medium customarily
9. 5 time error is 10 us 6 time error is 100 us 7 time error is lt 1 ms 8 time error 15 10 ms 9 time error is gt 10 ms unsynchronized state if never locked to GPS YEAR 15 the year of the UTC timestamp of the most recent information received from the GPS Subsystem DOY 15 the day of year of the UTC timestamp of the most recent information received from the GPS Subsystem HH MM SS sssssssss is the hour minute second subsecond UTC timestamp of the most recent information received from the GPS Subsystem ES 1s the current number of leap seconds difference between the UTC and GPS timescales 13 at the time of this writing LF 1s the future at the next UTC midnight number of leap seconds difference between the UTC and GPS timescales 13 at the time of this writing S is the Signal Processor State one of 0 Acquiring 1 GPS Locking 2 GPS Locked N 15 the number of GPS satellites being tracked 0 to 8 VCDAC isthe 20 bit oscillator Voltage Control DAC word 0 to 1048575 with larger numbers implying higher oscillator frequency Typical range is 320000 to 640000 C No is the Carrier Signal to Noise Ratio 0 00 to 99 9 measured in dB in the GPS data rate bandwidth Typical range is 30 to 45 FLTS is the fault status which displays the current summary status of the GPS Subsystem The summary status is contained in sixteen bits which are displayed in four hexadecimal characters Assertion of any of these bits w
10. Local offet binary SSS m LreWenener Per Time quatybinay2 _ Pers Time quality binary _ Pera Time quality binary SSCS S Refer to Appendix A Time Figure of Merit for detailed information Briefly 82 3 So tA time error is lt 100 ns time error is lt 1 us time error is lt 10 us time error is lt 100 us time error is lt 1 ms time error is lt 10 ms time error is gt 10 ms unsynchronized state if never locked to GPS Tycho GPS User Enabling New lPv6 Capabilities EndRun ANE TECHNOLOGIES Appendix IP v6 Information EndRun Technologies understands that IPv6 is still in the experimental stage with essentially no mainstream deployment Customers who are not interested in IPv6 need not burden your system with it You have a choice of an IPv4 only kernel recommended or the IPv4 IPv6 kernel You may freely change this at any time with an easy software download from our website To determine which kernel resides in your Tycho GPS check the firmware version using console port command cat proc version An IPv4 only kernel will have a part number and version similar to 6010 0041 000 ver 2 4 31 IPv4 An IPv4 IPv6 kernel will have a part number and version similar to 6010 0041 100 ver 2 4 31 IPv6 If you want to change your kernel please refer to Appendix B Upgrading The Firmware for instruc
11. Secure user authentication and session privacy while performing routine monitoring and mainte nance tasks are provided by the OpenSSH implementations of the secure shell daemon sshd and its companion secure copy utility sep Secure monitoring via web browser is provided by the Apache implementation of the Hyper Text Transport Protocol HTTP with Secure Sockets Layer SSL daemon httpd The NET SNMP implementation of the Simple Network Management Proto col SNMP daemon snmpd conforms to the latest Internet standard known as SNMPv3 which also supports secure user authentication and session privacy IMPORTANT SSH Telnet SNMP and HTTP are all enabled with default passwords To ensure security change the pass words or disable the protocols To change the passwords for SSH Telnet and HTTP use the gsyspasswd command To change the passwords community strings for SNMP see Appendix SNMP By default all users are allowed access via SSH Telnet and SNMP To restrict access via these protocols use the accessconfig command or edit etc hosts allow and etc hosts deny All users are allowed access via HTTP as well To restrict access via HTTP edit etc apache httpd conf to set up access by specific hosts To completely disable any or all of these protocols see Disabling Protocols below The embedded Linux operating system running in the Tycho is based on kernel version 2 4 31 and version 10 of the Slackware Linux distribution
12. tion If the Program does not specify a version number of this License you may choose any version ever published by the Free Software Foundation 10 If you wish to incorporate parts of the Program into other free programs whose distribution condi tions are different write to the author to ask for permission For software which is copyrighted by the Free Software Foundation write to the Free Software Foundation we sometimes make exceptions for this Our decision will be guided by the two goals of preserving the free status of all derivatives of our free software and of promoting the sharing and reuse of software generally NO WARRANTY 11 BECAUSE THE PROGRAM IS LICENSED FREE OF CHARGE THERE IS NO WARRANTY FOR THE PROGRAM TO THE EXTENT PERMITTED BY APPLICABLE LAW EXCEPT WHEN OTHERWISE STATED IN WRITING THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND OR OTHER PARTIES PROVIDE THE PROGRAM AS IS WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND EITHER EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE IMPLIED WARRAN TIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE THE ENTIRE RISK AS TO THE QUALITY AND PERFORMANCE OF THE PROGRAM IS WITH YOU SHOULD THE PROGRAM PROVE DEFECTIVE YOU ASSUME THE COST OF ALL NECES SARY SERVICING REPAIR OR CORRECTION 12 IN NO EVENT UNLESS REQUIRED BY APPLICABLE LAW OR AGREED TO IN WRITING WILL ANY COPYRIGHT HOLDER OR ANY OTHER PARTY WHO MAY MODIFY AND OR REDISTRIBUTE THE PROGRAM AS PERMITTED ABOVE BE LIABLE TO YOU FOR DAM AGE
13. MIB AppendixC Simple Network Management Protocol SNMP Your Tycho includes the NET SNMP version 5 3 1 implementation of an SNMP agent snmpd and a SNMP notification trap generation utility snmptrap It supports all versions of the protocol in use today SNMPvl the original Internet standard SNMPv2c never reached standard status often called community SNMP and SNMPv3 the latest Internet standard The NET SNMP project has its roots in the Carnegie Mellon University SNMP implementation For more detailed information about the NET SNMP project and to obtain management software and detailed configuration information you can visit this website http www net snmp org An excellent book which describes operation and configuration of various SNMP managers and agents including the NET SNMP implementations is available from O Reilley amp Associates Essential SNMP Mauro amp Schmidt amp Associates 2001 If you are planning to operate with SNMPv3 it is highly recommended that you make use of both of these resources to familiarize yourself with the agent configuration concepts Prior to SNMPv3 SNMP had definite security inadequacies due to using two community names in a manner analogous to passwords that were transmitted over the network as clear text In addition since no mechanism existed for authenticating or encrypting session data any number of man in the middle data corruption replacement explo
14. The rear panel outputs are identified as PROG TTL A through D as shown below CJ a _ PROG TTL C PROG TTL D DIGITAL BUFFER PROG TTLA PROG TTL B ZA Digital Timecode Formats If you have selected timecode as the output on the Digital Buffer Module then its format will be the same format as that on the standard CPU Module AM Code connector This format can be changed via console command cpuoptsconfig see Chapter 3 Direct Digital Synthesizer DDS An additional upgrade to the Programmable Digital Buffer Module provides access to the DDS that is resident on the Tycho CPU module Programmable synthesized pulse rates from 1 PPS to 10 MPPS in 1 PPS steps are available including 1 544 MPPS or 2 048 MPPS The pulse rate is phase locked to the system oscillator However the DDS output is not aligned with system time 41 Tycho GPS User Manual CHAPTER FOUR If your Tycho has this option available then it will show up as SYNTH in the list of available selec tions for the Programmable Digital Buffer outputs The actual synthesizer frequency that is resident on the Tycho CPU module is set via console command cpuoptscon ig see Chapter 3 Digital Buffer Module The Digital Buffer Module adds four buffered outputs to your Tycho Signal levels are either TTL BNC connectors or RS 232 DB9M connector The type of output is set up at the factory based on customer requirement
15. This optional 3 position terminal block provides connection to the DC power source and replaces the AC power input jack See details in Appendix I Specifications 9 Using the status LED indicators it s easy to find if your Tycho will work in your desired location 1 Mount the antenna on the roof using the supplied mounting hardware Make sure that it 1s not blocked by large metallic objects closer than one meter For more information on GPS antenna mounting see Appendix H Installing the GPS Antenna 2 Screw the TNC plug on the end of the antenna cable onto the TNC antenna input jack on the chas sis rear panel of the Tycho 3 Plug one end of the supplied AC power cord into an 85 270 VAC outlet Tycho GPS User Installing the Tycho CHAPTER TWO 4 Plug the other end into the AC input connector on the chassis rear panel of the Tycho Initially upon power up 1 The unit will light the red Alarm Status LED for about ten seconds 2 Then it will continuously light the green Sync Status LED 3 When the unit locks onto a GPS signal and begins to decode the timing data and adjust the local oscillator the green Sync Status LED will flash very rapidly about a 6 Hz rate until the data is fully decoded and the local oscillator is fully locked to the GPS frequency Note If your unit has an oscil lator upgrade MS OCXO or Rb then it will need 5 10 minutes of warmup before trying to acqu
16. Tycho response 9 updaterootflag This command allows the user to update the configuration of the Linux bootloader after a new root file system image has been uploaded to the UPGRADE root file system partition dev rootfs 1 ofthe Tycho FLASH disk It may also be used to reset the default back to the FACTORY root file system partition Refer to Appendix B Upgrading the Firmware for detailed instructions for performing the upgrade procedure One argument 15 accepted whose value is either 0 or 1 causing a flag to be set that will indicate to the bootloader which root file system image should be loaded by default If an argument value of 2 15 given then the currently configured default root file system 1s shown Set updaterootflag 1 Tycho response UPGRADE is the default root file system Query updaterootflag 2 Tycho response UPGRADE is the default root file system 29 Tycho GPS User Manual CHAPTER THREE upgradegps This script allows the user to upgrade the GPS Subsystem firmware It requires one argument the path to the binary file to be uploaded to the GPS engine It issues the commands over the serial port to the GPS Subsystem that are needed to start the X modem file transfer and then displays the responses from the GPS Subsystem to the console When the X modem C character appears indicating that the GPS Subsystem is ready to receive the file you must hit the ENTER key and the transfer will begin After about one minute
17. boot etc apache Do not attempt to change the directives unless you have a real need to do so An excellent book which describes operation and configuration of the various HTTP directives and SSL configuration is Professional Apache Wainwright Wrox Press 1999 To disable HTTP see Disable SNMP and HTTP above 79 Tycho GPS User Manual APPENDIX D 80 Tycho GPS User Manval EndRun ANE TECHNOLOGIES Appendix Timecode Formats A standard feature of your Tycho Frequency Reference is a single timecode output available at the rear panel BNC connector identified as AM CODE A DC shift timecode output is available via the optional Programmable TTL Output on the CPU Module The output code format is selectable via a console command See CpuOptsConfig in Chapter 3 Control and Status Commands Each format is described below Time codes are commonly used to provide time information to external devices such as displays magnetic tape devices strip chart recorders and several types of embedded computer peripheral cards IRIG B122 002 This is the most widely used format and is normally the factory default for the AM Code output The IRIG B122 format is a 100 pps code and is used to amplitude modulate a 1000 kHz sine wave carrier The information contained in the timecode is seconds through day of year coded in Binary Coded Decimal BCD Reference IRIG Document 104 60 IRIG B123 003 In addition to the time information
18. kkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkk Ae ke ke dee e e eee Tycho GPS Network Configuration dd d ddd ddd dd dd ddd kkk AAA KKK EEEE E ehe e ehe e dee i I OL O e dee e dee e dee e dee e dee e dee e dee e dede e dee e dee e dee e dee e dee e de e e This script will configure the TCP IP network parameters for your Tycho GPS You will be able to reconfigure your system at any time by typing netconfig The settings you make now will not take effect until you restart your Tycho GPS User Manual CHAPTER TWO Tycho GPS so if you make a mistake just re run this script before re booting You will be prompted to enter your network parameters now kkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkk kkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkk DHCP Settings Use a DHCP server to configure the ethernet interface yles n o n HOST name setting Set the hostname of your Tycho GPS Only the base hostname is needed not the domain Enter hostname gsys DOMAIN name setting Set the domain name Do not supply a leading Enter domain name for gsys your domain STATIC IP ADDRESS setting Set the IP address for the Tycho GPS Example 111 112 113 114 Enter IP address for gsys aaa bbb ccc ddd 192 168 1 245 DEFAULT GATEWAY ADDRESS setting Set the
19. limit while locked to the GPS signal Unless the unit is being subjected to out of specification environmental conditions this would indicate that the oscillator frequency has drifted near to the end of life region This should normally only occur after about ten years of opera tion The unit will continue to function until the oscillator frequency finally reaches one of the actual DAC endpoints The unit should be returned to the factory for oscillator replacement at the your convenience Antenna This fault indicates that the GPS antenna or downlead cable has a fault It indicates either an over or under current condition Usually it means that the antenna downlead cable is not plugged into the connector on the rear of the Meridian If the condition persists after checking the antenna downlead for obvious faults this 15 a fatal fault and the unit should be returned to the factory for repair Polling Events This fault indicates that the GPS Subsystem 15 not receiving polling request from the Linux Subsys tem This could be due to a hardware or software failure If the condition persists after cycling the power to the unit this is a fatal fault and the unit should be returned to the factory for repair Time Reference This fault indicates that the microprocessor received an erroneous time input from the GPS engine If the condition persists please report it to the factory 1 877 749 3878 Network Page This page shows the IPv4 network configu
20. tions The following text refers to products with the IPvA IPv6 kernel The presence of an IPv6 capable kernel will automatically enable most of the new IPv6 capabilities By default autoconfiguration of the ethernet interface via IPv6 Router Advertisements 15 enabled To disable acceptance of Router Advertisements or to configure a static IPv6 address and default IPv6 gateway you must run the interactive netconfig script This will allow you to configure your ethernet interface for both IPv4 and IPv6 operation Using the netcon ig script has the advantage that you can also configure the hostname and domainname for the unit and any nameservers you may want it to have access to OpenSSH By default sshd 15 factory configured to listen on both IPv4 and IPv6 addresses It may be forced to listen on either IPv4 only or IPv6 only by editing the etc rc d rc inet2 startup script where sshd is started and then copying it to boot etc rc d Net SNMP By default snmpd is factory configured to listen on both IPv4 and IPv6 addresses This may be changed by editing etc rc d rc local and modifying the agent address argument passed to snmpd at start up and then copying it to boot etc rc d 83 Tycho GPS User Manual APPENDIX F IPv6 Capable syslog ng To enable remote syslogging to an IPv6 host you will need to edit the new etc syslog ng conf file and copy it to boot etc At boot time the presence of both the syslog ng daemon and the boot
21. 1 Vrms into 500 User Selectable Formats IRIG B120 IEEE 1344 IRIG B122 IRIG B123 NASA36 or 2137 Connector Rear panel BNC jack Note See Chapter 4 Optional Rear Panel Outputs Analog Timecode Buffer Module for more information Optional Sine Wave Module Outputs Quantity 4 uses one slot or 8 12 16 or 20 requires additional slots Output Frequency 1 MHz 5 MHz or 10 MHz Output Level 13 dBm 2 dBm at 500 Connector Rear panel BNC jack Note See Chapter 4 Optional Rear Panel Outputs Sine Wave Output Module for more informa tion Optional Low Phase Noise Outputs Quantity 4 or 8 Output Frequency 5 MHz or 10 MHz Output Level 13 dBm 2 dBm at 500 Harmonics lt 45 dBc at 500 Stability See Stability Allan Deviation Table below Channel to Channel Isolation gt 75 dB Connector Rear panel BNC jack Note See Chapter 4 Optional Rear Panel Outputs Oscillator Low Phase Noise Module for more 105 Tycho GPS User Manual APPENDIX I information Phase Noise dBc Hz 10 MHz Hz TCXO Spurs 1 70 100 10 100 100 100 125 100 lk 135 100 10k 140 100 100 k 145 120 Hz MS OCXO HS OCXO US OCXO Spurs 1 95 105 110 10 120 130 135 120 100 135 140 145 115 lk 145 150 150 125 10k 145 150 150 125 100 k 145 150 150 110 Stability Allan Deviation Table Does NOT pertain to the Synthesized Rates Optional DDS Outputs Tau in Seconds TCXO MS OCXO HS OCX
22. 100Base T ethernet System Status Indicator Sync LED Green LED pulses to indicate GPS lock status Network LED Amber LED indicates network activity Alarm LED Red LED indicates a serious fault condition 101 Tycho GPS User Manual APPENDIX I 1 PPS Output Signal Positive TTL pulse into 500 User Selectable Width 20 us 1 ms 100 ms 500 ms User Calibration 500 us 1 ns resolution Accuracy 20 nanoseconds RMS to GPS when locked 10 nanoseconds RMS to GPS when locked with 10 Nanosecond Calibration Option Alignment Within 10 ns of the other TTL outputs in this unit except the optional DDS Stability TDEV 10 ns x 10 seconds oy 1 lt 1x10 v 10 secs Rise Time lt 2 ns Connector Rear panel BNC labeled 1PPS 100 nanoseconds to UTC Constraints in the official GPS specification prohibit claiming an accuracy to UTC better than 100 nanoseconds Note To change the pulse width refer to the cpuopts and cpuoptsconfig commands in Chapter 3 Control and Status Commands Time Code Output Signal Amplitude modulated AM 3 1 ratio 1 KHz carrier Drive 1 Vrms into 500 User Selectable Formats IRIG B120 IEEE 1344 IRIG B122 IRIG B123 NASA36 or 2137 Connector Rear panel BNC labeled CODE Note To change the time code format refer to the cpuopts and cpuoptsconfig commands in Chapter 3 Control and Status Commands Also see Appendix E Timecode Formats Maintenance Conso
23. Calibration Op tion Stability TDEV lt 10 ns lt 10 seconds lt 1 107 3 1 10 secs Connector Rear panel DB 9M jack labeled IPPS RS 422 Pinout Pin 3 is signal Pin 6 15 signal Pin 5 is GND Note To change the pulse width refer to the cpuopts and cpuoptscon ig commands in Chapter 3 Control and Status Commands Also refer to Chapter 4 Optional Rear Panel Outputs 1 PPS RS 422 Output Optional Programmable TTL Pulse Rate Output on CPU Module User Selectable Output Types On time pulse rate a digital time code or synthesized rate Signal Positive TTL pulse 500 Rate User selectable to 1 10 100 IK 10K 100K 1M 5M 10M PPS 1PPM or 1PP2S Duty Cycle 50 except IPPS which mimics the standard 1PPS Output Accuracy lt 10713 to UTC for 24 hour averaging times when locked Alignment Within 10 ns of the other TTL outputs in this unit except the optional DDS Stability See Stability Allan Deviation Table below Synthesized Rate option 1 PPS to 10 MPPS in 1 PPS steps with optional DDS Upgrade Connector Rear panel BNC jack labeled PROG TTL Note See Chapter 4 Optional Rear Panel Outputs Programmable TTL Output for more informa tion Optional Fixed TTL Pulse Rate Output on CPU Module Signal Positive TTL pulse 500 Rate Preset at factory and cannot be changed Accuracy lt 10713 to UTC for 24 hour averaging times when locked Stability See Stability Allan Deviat
24. FOUR EndRunX Extended Format The EndRunX format is identical to the EndRun format with the addition of two fields the cur rent leap second settings and the future leap second settings The following string is sent once each second T YYYY DDD 55 zZZ m CC FF lt CR gt lt LF gt T 15 the Time Figure of Merit TFOM character described in Appendix A TFOM This is the on time character transmitted during the first millisecond of each second YYYY 15 the year DDD 15 the day of year 15 the colon character 0x3A HH 15 the hour of the day MM 15 the minute of the hour SS 15 the second of the minute 7 Is the sign of the offset to UTC implies time 15 ahead of UTC ZZ is the magnitude of the offset to UTC in units of half hours Non zero only when the Timemode is Local m is the Timemode character and is one of G GPS L Local U UTC CC is the current leap seconds value FF is the future leap seconds which will show a leap second pending 24 hours in advance lt CR gt is the ASCII carriage return character 0x0D lt LF gt is the ASCII line feed character 0x0A NENA Format NENA is the National Emergency Number Association This organization has adopted several ASCII time code formats for use in PSAPs Public Safety Answering Points and they are specified in the NENA PSAP Master Clock Standard Issue 4 These ASCII time code formats are NENA Format 0 NENAO NENA Format 1 NENA1 and NENA Format 8 NENAS NE
25. Output Rate Factory preset to 1 10 100 1K 10K 100K 1M 5M or 10M PPS 1PPM 1PP2S Stability See Stability Allan Deviation Table below Alignment TTL Within 10 ns of the other TTL outputs in this unit except the optional DDS Alignment RS 232 The actual realized alignment 15 a function of the zero crossing delay as specified above primarily due to the RS232 slew rate limit and the actual receiver detection threshold The alignment of synthesized rate pulses remains fixed following each system initialization but its relationship to other pulse outputs 15 non deterministic If configured for the 1 PPS output it can be factory preset to rising edge or falling edge on time Digital Timecode Drive TTL into 50Q DC level shift or RS 232 levels Format User selectable IRIG B 002 003 IEEE 1344 compliant NASA 36 or 2137 Alignment TTL Within 10 ns of the other TTL outputs in this unit except the optional DDS Alignment RS 232 See Alignment above Synthesized Rate User selectable 1 PPS to 10 MPPS in 1 PPS steps Connector TTL Rear panel BNC jack Connector RS 232 Rear panel DB9M Pinout RS 232 Pin 1 1s Output A Pin 2 155 Output B Pin 3 is Output C Pin 4 is Output D Note See Chapter 4 Optional Rear Panel Outputs Digital Buffer Module for more information Optional Analog Time Code Buffer Module Outputs Quantity Four outputs Signal Amplitude modulated AM 3 1 ratio 1 KHz carrier Drive
26. Receiver Pages ses ees eee ash ras YR YA E AE 54 Receiver Oscillator Page 55 lodd Page Yy EP E och Sr Cte RE a 56 CENE TNR PENE TEE E AAE ao 56 1 0 Page Plug In Options 56 seo eser m RP a A 56 a RR ERRORES 57 Network IPV6 bester I Rete etre ENS Ee en EIGENS 57 Network DNS 58 Firmware em EE UAN 58 Disabling The HTTP Protocol 58 Appendix A Time Figure of Merit TFOM 59 Appendix B Upgrading the Firmware 61 Upgrade Via The HTTP Interface 61 Upgrade Via The Network Serial Port 63 Performing the Linux Subsystem Upgrade 63 Recovering from a Failed Upgrade 64 Performing the Linux Kernel Upgrade 65 Tycho GPS User Manual Performing the GPS Subsystem Upgrade 1 ee ec ccc RII 65 Problems with the GPS Subsystem Upgrade
27. The GPS system designers defined system time to be GPS time GPS time is maintained by an ensemble of high performance cesium beam atomic frequency standards located on the earth s surface GPS time is measured relative to UTC as maintained by the United States Naval Observa tory USNO and maintained synchronous with UTC USNO except that it does not suffer from the periodic insertion of leap seconds Such discontinuities would unnecessarily complicate the system s navigation mission Contained in the data transmitted from each satellite is the current offset between GPS time and UTC USNO This offset is composed of the current integer number of leap seconds difference and a small residual error that 15 typically less than 10 nanoseconds Each satellite in the constellation contains redundant cesium beam or rubidium vapor atomic frequen cy standards These provide the timebase for all transmissions from each satellite These transmis sions are monitored from ground stations located around the world and carefully measured relative to GPS time The results of these measurements for each satellite are then uploaded to that satellite so that they may be incorporated into the data contained in its transmissions The receiver can use this data to relate the time of arrival of the received transmissions from that satellite to GPS time All of this means that during normal operation the source of the timing information being transmit ted from each of th
28. The factory default setting 1s 9 Clock Calibration This field shows the clock calibration delay which is used to advance or retard the clock in order to compensate for antenna cable length or other external hardware Use the setGPScaldelay com mand to change this setting Receiver Oscillator Page This page shows receiver oscillator control information such as Oscillator Type This field shows the oscillator type that is installed in the Tycho It will be either TCXO or a MS OCXO The standard oscillator is the TCXO If you purchase an oscillator upgrade this field will show MS OCXO HS OCXO or US OCXO DAC Is the upper 16 bits of the oscillator voltage control DAC word 0 to 65535 with larger numbers implying higher oscillator frequency Typical range is 20000 to 38000 Measured Time Error The measured time error is the last measured time offset while locked Time Deviation This field shows the time deviation TDEV of measurements Oscillator Ageing Rate This field shows the regression computed oscillator ageing rate per day There is a several hour delay before the first measurement 1s shown Control Loop TAU This 15 the oscillator control loop averaging time constant Coast Duration The coast duration is the number of seconds in coast mode unlocked Estimated Time Error This field shows the estimated time error when in coast mode 8 Tycho GPS User Manual CHAPTER FIVE Internal Chassis Temperature This f
29. assignments are BNC Pinouts BNC CONNECTOR SIGNAL CENTER PIN XMIT TIP SIG BARREL XMIT RING GND RJ48C Pinouts RJ48C CONNECTOR SIGNAL PIN 1 NO CONNECTION PIN2 NO CONNECTION PIN 3 NO CONNECTION PIN 4 XMIT RING SIG PIN 5 XMIT TIP SIG PIN 6 NO CONNECTION PIN 7 NO CONNECTION PIN 8 NO CONNECTION The RJ48C connector is physically identical to an RJ45 connector The RJ48C designation refers to the interconnection and pairing within the applicable cable which is different than that of Ethernet cables The RJ48C wiring pattern is shown below RJ48C RJ48C Crossover Cable Connections Connector Pin out RJ48C SIGNAL PIN CABLE WIRE PIN RJ48C SIGNAL dm RCV RING SIG 1 PAIR 1 RING 4 XMIT RING SIG RCV TIP 51 2 PAIR 1 TIP 5 XMIT TIP SIG NO CONNECTION 3 NONE 3 NOCONNECTION XMIT RING SIG 4 PAIR 2 RING 1 RCV RING SIG XMIT TIP SIG 5 PAIR 2 TIP 2 RCV TIP SIG NO CONNECTION 6 NONE 3 NO CONNECTION SHIELD GROUND 7 DRAIN WIRE 7 SHIELD GROUND SHIELD GROUND 8 DRAIN WIRE 8 SHIELD GROUND om Connection to RJ48C BITS Clock Input A crossover cable as shown above would be used to connect the EndRun Technologies clock buf fer output on RJ48C pins 4 and 5 to equipment with the BITS clock input on RJ48C pins 1 and 2 Equipment with the BITS clock input on pins 4 an
30. dddmm mmm Field 6 W Direction of longitude W west E east Field 7 0 08 Speed over ground knots Field 8 158 14 Course made good degrees True Field 9 200508 Date of fix ddmmyy Field 10 empty field Magnetic variation Field 11 empty field Direction of magnetic variation Field 12 A A autonomous mode N data not valid Checksum 0D Msg End lt CR gt lt LF gt VTG Course Over Ground and Ground Speed The VTG sentence identifies the actual course and speed relative to the ground Course over ground degrees Magnetic is not available Examples are below GPVIG T N K N 61 lt CR gt lt LF gt GPVTG 158 14 T 0 08 N 0 14 K A 74 lt CR gt lt LF gt MsgID GPVTG Field 1 158 14 Course over ground Field 2 T Fixed text T shows degree True Field 3 empty field Course over ground not available Field 4 empty field Degrees Magnetic not available Field 5 0 08 Speed over ground knots Field 6 N Fixed text N shows speed over ground is in knots Field 7 0 14 Speed over ground km hr Field 8 K Fixed text shows speed over ground is in km hr Field 9 A A autonomous mode N data not valid Checksum 74 Msg End lt CR gt lt LF gt ZDA Time and Date The ZDA sentence identifies the time associated with the current 1PPS pulse Each sentence is transmitted within 500 milliseconds after the 1PPS pulse is output and tells the time of the pulse that just occurred If the Tycho 15 unsynchronized then this sentence will be co
31. default gateway address such as 111 112 113 1 If you don t have a gateway just hit ENTER to continue Enter default gateway address aaa bbb ccc ddd 192 168 1 241 NETMASK setting Set the netmask This will look something like this 255 255 255 0 Enter netmask aaa bbb ccc ddd 255 255 255 248 Calculating the BROADCAST and NETWORK addresses Broadcast 192 168 1 247 Network 192 168 1 240 Your Tycho GPS s current IP address full hostname and base hostname 192 168 1 245 gsys your domain gsys DOMAIN NAMESERVER S address setting Will your Tycho GPS be accessing a nameserver yles n o y Set the IP address of the primary name server to use for domain your domain Enter primary name server IP address aaa bbb ccc ddd 192 168 1 1 Will your Tycho GPS be accessing a secondary nameserver yles n o y Set the IP address of the secondary name server to use for domain your domain Enter secondary name server IP address aaa bbb ccc ddd 192 168 1 2 Setting up TCP IP Creating etc HOSTNAME Creating etc rc d rc inetl Creating etc networks Creating etc hosts Creating etc resolv conf 12 Tycho GPS User Manual BASIC INSTALLATION kkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkk kkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkk The Tycho GPS network configuration has been updated Please re boot now for the
32. designated place then offering equivalent access to copy the source code from the same place counts as distribu tion of the source code even though third parties are not compelled to copy the source along with the object code 4 You may not copy modify sublicense or distribute the Program except as expressly provided un der this License Any attempt otherwise to copy modify sublicense or distribute the Program 15 void and will automatically terminate your rights under this License However parties who have received copies or rights from you under this License will not have their licenses terminated so long as such parties remain in full compliance 5 You are not required to accept this License since you have not signed it However nothing else grants you permission to modify or distribute the Program or its derivative works These actions are prohibited by law if you do not accept this License Therefore by modifying or distributing the Pro gram or any work based on the Program you indicate your acceptance of this License to do so and all its terms and conditions for copying distributing or modifying the Program or works based on it 6 Each time you redistribute the Program or any work based on the Program the recipient automat ically receives a license from the original licensor to copy distribute or modify the Program subject to these terms and conditions You may not impose any further restrictions on the recipients exe
33. different formats for this string The format baud rate and parity can all be changed via console command cpusertimeconfig Baud rate selections are 57600 19200 9600 and 4800 Parity selections are odd even and none Format selections are Sysplex Truetime End Run EndRunX NENA and NMEA Sysplex Format Sysplex means SYStem comPLEX and is a term used to describe computing on clusters of comput ers The Sysplex option is designed to provide time synchronization for an IBM Sysplex Timer It can also be used for precise time synchronization by any computer that has an available serial port 34 Tycho GPS User Manual REAR PANEL OUTPUT OPTIONS connection The time contained in this string format is always UTC time The following string 15 sent once each second lt SOH gt DDD HH MM SSQ lt CR gt lt LF gt lt SOH gt is the ASCII Start of Header character 0x01 DDD is the day of year 15 the colon character 0x3A HH is the hour of the day MM 15 the minute of the hour SS 15 the second of the minute Q 15 the time quality indicator and may be either space ASCII space character 0x20 which indicates locked ASCII question mark 0x3F which indicates the unsynchronized condition CR 15 the ASCII carriage return character 0x0D and 15 the on time character transmitted during the first millisecond of each second lt LF gt is the ASCII line feed character 0x0A Trvetime Format The format of the Truetime strin
34. for the CPU Module outputs listed above cpusertimeconfig An interactive script that allows the user to modify the settings LIEN vr EM eraserootfs 1 Command to erase the UPGRADE root file system FLASH partition This must be executed prior to loading the new file system image during the Linux upgrade process Prints the GPS satellite tracking status to the console gpsversion Prints the GPS firmware and FPGA version information to the gsyshwaddr Prints the ethernet hardware address 1f the ethernet has been configured gsysosctype Prints the installed oscillator type gsyspasswd Allows the root user to change the password for the two con figured users on the Tycho gsysuser and root This script calls the standard Linux passwd binary and then saves the resulting etc shadow file to the non volatile FLASH disk gsysrootfs Prints the current root file system image either TychoGPS_0 factory default or TychoGPS 1 field upgrade which is run ning in the Tycho to the console gsystimemode Prints the time mode settings in effect for the timecode or Se rial Time output gsystimemodeconfig Interactive shell script that guides the user in configuring the time mode settings for the timecode or Serial Time output Al lows setting to the LOCAL GPS or UTC timescale and if LO CAL the setting of the offset to UTC and the Daylight Savings Time DST start and stop date time parameters Prints the Linux Subsystem software version information
35. in modifying it for your specific requirements To disable SNMP you need to edit a system start up script called etc rc d rc local This script starts several daemons You can either remove the line that lists SNMP or you can place a character at the beginning of the line so that it will not be executed A very compact editor is available on the Unison system called edit If you start edit without giving it a file name to open it will display its help screen showing all supported editing keystrokes IMPORTANT After editing etc rc d rc local you must copy it to the boot etc rc d directory and reboot the system It important to retain the access mode for the file so be sure to use cp p when performing the copy During the boot process the files contained in the Boot etc rc d directory are copied to the work ing etc rc d directory on the system RAM disk In this way the factory defaults are overwritten 73 Tycho GPS User Manval APPENDIX C 7A Tycho GPS User Manual Linux Operating System EndRun ANE TECHNOLOGIES AppendixD Security Your Tycho incorporates several important security features to prevent unauthorized tampering with its operation Many of these are standard multiple user access control features of the underlying Linux operating system which controls the Tycho Others are provided by the additional protocol servers selected for inclusion in your Tycho and the way that they are configured
36. it should complete at which point you should see the GPS Subsystem boot messages appear on the console From these you will be able to verify that the firmware was successfully upgraded In the example console output below lines which begin with are generated by the upgradegps script All other lines are from the GPS Subsystem with the exception of the shell message indicat ing that the process cat dev arm user has been terminated which is normal In this example the character was received three times before the user hit the ENTER key to begin the transfer The last three lines are the boot messages that are sent by the GPS Subsystem as it comes up The firmware version should match that of the binary file that was uploaded See Performing the GPS Upgrade in Appendix B Upgrading the Firmware for more information Set upgradegps tmp 6010 0020 000 bin Tycho response When you see the C character hit enter to begin the upload Waiting for download using XMODEM 128 or XMODEM 1K both with CRC Control X will abort download ccc Starting file upload should take about 90 seconds sbin upgradegps line 26 27618 Terminated cat dev arm user You should see the GPS subsystem startup message now not you may need to check your binary file and re perform the procedure Tempus Bootloader 6010 0050 000 v 1 00 May 28 2004 17 31 05 FW 6010 0020 000 v 1 00 Aug 18 2004 10 47 41 FPG
37. or 3D fix Field 2 3 Fix type 1 fix not available 2 2D fix 3 3D fix Field 3 18 PRN of SV used for fix on channel 1 empty if no SV Field 4 3 PRN of SV used for fix on channel 2 empty if no SV Field 5 22 PRN of SV used for fix on channel 3 empty if no SV Field 6 6 PRN of SV used for fix on channel 4 empty if no SV Field 7 9 PRN of SV used for fix on channel 5 empty if no SV Field 8 14 PRN of SV used for fix on channel 6 empty if no SV Field 9 19 PRN of SV used for fix on channel 7 empty if no SV Field 10 32 PRN of SV used for fix on channel 8 empty if no SV Field 11 empty field PRN Field 12 empty field PRN Field 13 empty field PRN Field 14 empty field PRN Field 15 2 0 PDOP position dilution of precision Field 16 1 1 HDOP horizontal dilution of precision Field 17 1 6 VDOP vertical dilution of precision Checksum 10 Msg End lt CR gt lt LF gt RMC Recommended Minimum Specific GPS Data The RMC sentence identifies the UTC time of fix status latitude longitude and date Examples are below GPRMC V N 53 CR LF GPRMC 173831 00 A 3827 030 N 12244 020 W 0 08 158 14 200508 A 0D lt CR gt lt LF gt 39 Tycho GPS User Manval CHAPTER FOUR MsgID GPRMC Field 1 173831 00 UTC time of fix hhmmss ss Field 2 A GPS receiver warning A data valid V data not valid Field 3 3827 030 Latitude in ddmm mmm Field 4 N Direction of latitude N north S south Field 5 12244 020 Longitude in
38. snmpd conf Otherwise the secret key creation may not complete properly Issue the command ps e to have the operating system dis play the list of running processes Look for the PID of the snmpd process and issue the kill command to stop it For example if the PID listed for the snmpd process is 53 then you would issue this command kill 53 You can verify that the process was terminated by re issuing the ps e command After rebooting the agent will read the boot net snmp snmpd conf configuration file and compute secret key s for each of the users and delete the createUser lines from the file It will then write the secret key s to the file These lines begin with the string usmuser In this way un encrypted passwords are not stored on the system IMPORTANT To generate new keys stop the snmpa process delete the existing usmUser key lines from the file boot net snmp snmpd conf and then add new createuser lines Then reboot the system This example gives the simplest configuration to begin using SNMPv3 but doesn t make use of the full capabilities of the VACM in defining groups and views for fine grained access control The fac tory default etc snmpd conf file contains commented blocks of lines that can be uncommented to give you a basic configuration that uses the User based Security Model USM described in RFC 2274 and the View based Access Control Model VACM described in RFC 2275 The comments included in the file should help you
39. standard Tycho shell prompt The Tycho uses the bash shell which is the Linux standard full featured shell After configuring the unit you should change the passwords using the gsyspasswd command issued from the shell prompt To gain root access you must now issue the super user command at the shell prompt Tycho GPS root gsys gt su root You will then be prompted for the password which is endrun 1 and be granted root access to the system To leave super user mode issue the shell command exit Issuing exit again will close the telnet session Using SSH When establishing a ssh connection with your Tycho logging in directly as root is permitted When you log in as root via a ssh session with the Tycho this banner will be displayed kkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkk Welcome to Tycho GPS SSH console on gsys your domain kkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkk root gsys your domain s password Here you may log in as root with password endrun_1 After correctly entering the password the sign on message is shown It identifies the host system as Tycho and shows the software part number version and build date Tycho GPS 6010 0042 000 v 1 00 Fri Aug 20 14 17 44 UTC 2004 Tycho GPS rootGgsys gt This last line is the standard Tycho shell prompt The Tycho uses the bash shell which is the Linux standard full featur
40. the inetd server daemon running in the Tycho Three protocol serv ers may be configured TIME DAYTIME and TELNET By default the unit is configured to start all of these protocol servers If you need to disable start up of some or all of these e g for security reasons you must run this script as root from either the RS 232 serial I O port or from a telnet or ssh session This script modifies the etc inetd conf file which is non volatilely stored in the FLASH disk boot etc directory You must reboot the Tycho after running this script for the changes to take effect Set inetdconfig Tycho response Interactive shell script is started netconfig This command starts an interactive shell script that will allow the user to configure the IP network subsystem of the Tycho By default the unit is configured to configure itself using the Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol DHCP If you need to set up static IP configuration you must run this script as root from the RS 232 serial I O port during the installation process Refer to Chapter 2 Using netconfig to Set Up Your IP for details on the use of the command This script creates or modifies these files etc HOSTNAME etc hosts etc networks etc resolv conf and etc rc d rc inet1 All of these are non volatilely stored in the FLASH disk boot etc directory You must reboot the Tycho after running this script for the changes to take effect Set netconfig Tycho response Interactive
41. to the console 18 Tycho GPS User Manual Detailed Command Descriptions CONTROL AND STATUS COMMANDS help Prints help for Tycho commands not Linux inetdconfig Interactive shell script that allows the user to configure the list of protocol servers which are started by the inetd server daemon running in the Tycho netconfig Interactive shell script that allows the user to configure the IP network subsystem of the Tycho oscctrlstat Prints the oscillator disciplining parameters pluginopts Returns the board type and settings for any optional buffer boards In Tycho products these options are not plug in but must be installed at the factory pluginoptsconfig An interactive script that allows the user to change the settings on any configurable option board setantfltmask Command to enable or mask the Antenna Fault setgpscaldelay An interactive script that allows the user to change the clock calibration delay setgpsdynmode Allows the user to set the dynamic mode of operation of the GPS Subsystem It may be ON or OFF setgpsrefpos Interactive shell script that prompts the user for an accurate reference position performs syntax and argument validity checking then passes the position to the GPS Subsystem updaterootflag Command to update the flag stored in FLASH that is read by the Linux bootloader at boot time to select operation with either the FACTORY or UPGRADE root file system upgradegps Shell script that
42. will have no effect In addition to setting a new accurate reference position the user can also invalidate an existing one This will force the Tycho to re establish a new reference position using the GPS satellite constella tion Set setgpsrefpos Tycho response Interactive shell script is started 28 Tycho GPS User Manual CONTROL AND STATUS COMMANDS setsigfltmask This command allows the user to enable or mask the Signal Loss Fault Parameter for this command is either MASKED or ENABLED Setting this command to MASKED will prevent a signal loss fault from creating an alarm condition The factory default setting is ENABLED Set sigfltmask MASKED Tycho response Signal Loss Fault Mask set to MASKED settfomfltlvl This command allows the user to change the TFOM Fault Level This is the threshold at which a signal loss fault will be asserted See Appendix A Time Figure of Merit for more information By changing the TFOM Fault Level you control the point at which the time error will produce a signal loss fault which then creates an alarm condition The factory default setting is 9 which is the maxi mum TFOM value Set settfomfltlvl 6 Tycho response TFOM Fault Level set to 6 sigfltmask This command displays the current setting for the Signal Loss Fault Mask Query sigfltmask Tycho response Signal Loss Fault is ENABLED tfomfltlvl This command displays the current setting for the TFOM Fault Level Ouery tfomfltlvl
43. 0 0020 000 3 01 bin root gsys your domain tmp Now issue the following command to the Tycho console to initiate the upload upgradegps tmp 6010 0020 000 3 01 bin This command is a script that performs the file transfer to the GPS engine It first tells the GPS en gine to enter the waiting for download mode and then prompts you with this line When you see the C character hit enter to begin the upload Then it echos the serial port characters sent by the GPS engine to the console You should next see this message from the GPS engine Waiting for download using XMODEM 128 or XMODEM 1K both with CRC Control X will abort download After about 3 seconds you should see a capital C character appear When you do hit the lt enter gt key Now the script will initiate the XMODEM file transfer and display this message to the console Starting file upload should take about 90 seconds After about one minute you should see this message from the script sbin upgradegps line 26 27618 Terminated cat dev arm user You should see the GPS sub system startup message now not you may need to check your binary file and re perform the procedure The first message should be ignored It is only reporting that one of the intermediate processes of the script execution has been terminated The next message informs you that the GPS engine file transfer has completed and that its start up messages should appear First
44. 00 00 235 2 524332 999 999 pluginopts This command displays the current settings for any installed option boards In the Tycho product five slots are listed but only two can have option boards installed Query pluginopts Tycho response Digital Buffer 2001 0004 012 NC is installed Port A Current Setting 10M PPS Port B Current Setting 5M PPS Port C Current Setting 10 PPS Port D Current Setting 10 PPS pluginoptsconfig This command starts an interactive shell script that will allow the root user to change the settings of any installed user selectable option board outputs In the Tycho product five slots are listed but only two can can have option boards installed The user selectable outputs are all board specific For more information see Chapter 4 Optional Rear Panel Outputs Set pluginoptsconfig Tycho response Interactive shell script is started 27 Tycho GPS User Manual CHAPTER THREE setantfltmask This command allows the user to enable or mask the GPS antenna fault Parameter for this command is either MASKED or ENABLED Setting this command to MASKED will prevent the antenna fault from creating an alarm condition Some installations may need to mask this fault due to special antenna situations like splitters or DC blocks that confuse the antenna detection circuit The factory default setting is ENABLED Set antfltmask MASKED Tycho response Antenna Fault Mask set to MASKED setgpscaldelay This comm
45. 0000000000100000 0000000002000000 usable 32MB LOWMEM available On node 0 totalpages 8192 8 Tycho GPS User Manual BASIC INSTALLATION zone 0 4096 pages zone 1 4096 pages zone 2 0 pages DMI not present Kernel command line config 11000001 initjffs 0 console ttyS0 19200 root dev mtdblock4 load ramdisk 1 rw Initializing CPUHO Calibrating delay loop 66 96 BogoMIPS Memory 30784k 32768k available 812k kernel code 1596k reserved 162k data 68k init Ok highmem Checking if this processor honours the WP bit even in supervisor mode Ok Dentry cache hash table entries 4096 order 3 32768 bytes Inode cache hash table entries 2048 order 2 16384 bytes Mount cache hash table entries 512 order 0 4096 bytes Buffer cache hash table entries 1024 order 0 4096 bytes Page cache hash table entries 8192 order 3 32768 bytes CPU AMD 486 DX 4 WB stepping 04 Checking hlt instruction OK POSIX conformance testing by UNIFIX PCI Using configuration type 1 PCI Probing PCI hardware PCI Probing PCI hardware bus 00 Linux NET4 0 for Linux 2 4 Based upon Swansea University Computer Society NET3 039 Initializing RT netlink socket Starting kswapd JFFS2 version 2 1 C 2001 Red Hat Inc designed by Axis Communications AB Serial driver version 5 05c 2001 07 08 with MANY PORTS SHARE IRQ SERIAL PCI enabled ttyS00 at 0x03f8 irq 4 is a 16550A ttyS01 at 0x02f8 irq 3 is a 16550A
46. 2 168 1 3 snmpd 192 168 1 2 192 168 1 3 76 Tycho GPS User Manual Disabling Protocols SECURITY This simple shell script handles the needs of most users however the syntax of these two files sup ports elaborate configuration possibilities which are beyond the capabilites of this simple shell script Advanced users who need these capabilities will need to edit these two files directly and then copy them to the boot etc directory See Using Edit above Be careful to maintain the proper ownership and access permissions by using p when copying the files To control access via HTTP the user must edit the etc apache httpd conf file and add the equivalent deny followed by allow directives For example the default file contains these lines Controls who can get stuff from this server Order allow deny Allow from all lt Directory gt To restrict access to a specific host with IP address xxx xxx xxx xxx you would modify the directives as 50 Controls who can get stuff from this server Order allow deny Deny from all Allow from xxx XXX XXX XXX lt Directory gt You may completely disable any of the following protocols Telnet TIME DAYTIME SSH SNMP and HTTP Disable Telnet TIME and DAYTIME To disable Telnet TIME and DAYTIME use the inetdconfig command inetdconfig modi fies the etc inetd conf file which is read by inetd to start up various protocol server daemons when requests from remote hosts are
47. 3 you should definitely make use of the two resources mentioned previously NET SNMP website and Essential SNMP and study them carefully There are rather elaborate configuration options available when you are using v3 The instruction presented here will give you the flavor of the configuration but definitely not the full scope of possibilities To access your Tycho via v3 of SNMP you will have to configure two files etc snmpd conf boot net snmp snmpd conf The first file contains static configuration parameters that the agent uses to control access and to de termine where to send notifications traps Other aspects of the agent s operation are also configurable in this file but you should not need to modify those To use the SNMPv3 capabilities of the Tycho you must first set up user information and access limits for those users in etc snmpd conf Uncom ment and edit these two lines to define your v3 users and their access parameters rwuser root priv 1 rouser tychouser auth 1 3 6 1 4 1 13827 The first line defines a SNMPv3 read write user root whose minimum security level will be authenti cated and encrypted for privacy choices are noauth auth and priv and who will have read write ac cess to the entire iso 1 branch of the SMI object tree The second line defines a SNMPv3 read only user tychouser whose minimum security level will be authenticated but not encrypted and who will have read only access to the entire iso 7 org 3 d
48. A 6020 0005 000 v 0202 upgradekernel This script allows the user to change the Linux kernel firmware It requires one argument the path to the file to be uploaded to the Tycho Changing the Linux kernel firmware will enable IPv6 opera tion and should only be done if you have a requirement for IPv6 See Appendix F IPv6 Informa tion and Performing the Linux Kernel Upgrade in Appendix B Upgrading the Firmware for more information Set upgradekernel tmp newkernelimage Tycho response Interactive shell script is started 30 Tycho GPS User CONTROL AND STATUS COMMANDS RS 232 Serial 1 0 Port Signal Definitions The RS 232 DB9M connector on the rear panel of the Tycho 1s wired as shown below In order to connect the Tycho to another computer a null modem adapter must be used The serial cable pro vided with the shipment is wired as a null modem adapter and can be used to connect the Tycho to your computer 31 Tycho GPS User Manval CHAPTER THREE 32 Tycho GPS User Manval EndRun TECHNOLOGIES CPU Module Options Chapter our Optional Rear Panel Outputs Your Tycho Frequency Reference supports several output options via the CPU module and up to two additional option cards Status and user settings for the various output signals can be easily viewed and modified via the standard network port or the RS 232 serial port This chapter describes the various options available in the Tycho prod
49. A lightning arrestor helps protect your GPS installation from damage due to lightning strikes It is designed to pass the DC voltage that is needed to power the antenna and or preamps without degrad ing the GPS signal It is installed between the antenna and the receiver where the cable enters the building near an earth ground You need to bond the lightning arrestor to the earth ground Splitters Splitters are used when two time servers are sharing one antenna installation The smart GPS Splitter supplied by EndRun 15 a one input two output device In the normal configuration one of the split ter RF outputs J1 passes DC from the connected GPS receiver through the splitter to the antenna allowing the GPS receiver to power both the antenna and the splitter amplifier The other RF output J2 is DC loaded with a 200 ohm resistor to simulate the antenna current draw When installing a splitter keep these points in mind 1 The splitter must be DC blocked on one leg The GPS receivers in the two time servers output 5 VDC up the coax to power the GPS antenna s build in preamp You do not want these power sources tied together 2 The DC block leg should have DC load to mimic a GPS antenna load This way you will not get a false alarm from the receiver s antenna load sensor You can prevent this false alarm from causing a system fault in the time server by using the setant 1tmask and ant 1tmask commands See information in Chapter 3 Control a
50. ALARM NONE CRITICAL All O s AMI w 8kHz BPV NONE AMI All 1 s w 8kHz Bi Polar Violation 400Hz non Violation 400Hz non BPV MAJOR BLUE AMI All 1 s ALARM AIS CRITICAL All O s Alarms Minor Major and Critical Alarms are defined below For further information on each fault refer to the gpsstat command FLTS field in Chapter 3 Control and Status Commands In addition to the fault types listed below there will be a Critical Alarm 1f a serious hardware problem 15 detected on the Telecom Module or the CPU Module DAC Conti OverRange Eno SignalTimeOu FPGA ConfiguraionFaut X GPS Comm Fault Antenna Fault Power A Fault option Power B Fault option MTIE Exceeds 1 Microsecond FLASH Write Fat x GPS Comm Fault X Time input Fault Events amenna ta E E The first 10 faults listed above are standard system faults When the telecom board is installed an additional fault detection algorithm is active that compares the worst case holdover accuracy to the telecom industry standard jitter wander performance masks This is the last fault listed in the table above MTIE Exceeds 1 Microsecond The following chart shows the G 823 and T1 101 jitter wander MTIE mask levels that are pertinent to the telecom option module In addition it shows the specified worst case accumulated time error while in holdover for the various oscillator options that
51. As such it supports a complete set of security provi sions e System passwords are kept in an encrypted file etc shadow which is not accessible by users other than root e Direct root logins are only permitted on the local RS 232 console or via SSH e The secure copy utility sep eliminates the need to use the insecure tp protocol for transferring program updates to the Tycho 75 Tycho GPS User Manval Limiting Access APPENDIX D e HTTP may be completely disabled by configuration of etc rc d rc local Access via SNMP is configurable to provide the security of the latest version 3 Internet standard which supports both view based access control and user based security using modern encryption techniques Previous versions v1 and v2c supported access control essentially via passwords trans mitted over the network in plain text Refer to Appendix Simple Network Management Protocol which is dedicated to configuration of SNMP for details e Individual host access to protocol server daemons such as in telnetd snmpd or sshd may be controlled by the amp daemon and directives contained in the files etc hosts allow and etc hosts deny e Risky protocols like TIME DAYTIME and TELNET may be completely disabled by configura tion of the inetd super server daemon The last two topics are supported on the Tycho by a pair of shell scripts which ease configuration for the inexperienced user of Unix like operating systems
52. DB9M Single ended via 2xBNC Frequency 2 048 Mbps Synchronization Phase locked to the Tycho 10 MHz Data Format All ones User selectable for Unframed Double frame or CRC4 Multi frame Line Z 120Q nominal complementary pair or 75Q nominal single ended Pulse Shape Conforms to ITU T G 703 Pulse Amplitude 3 0V pk into 120Q 2 2V pk into 75Q MTIE Jitter Wander Conforms to ITU T G 823 Line Code Bipolar Return To Zero Alternate Mark Inversion AMI Identical to HDB3 for all ones data Alarm Code User selectable for Alarm Indication Signal AIS or Status Sync Messaging SSM on Sa4 through Sa8 or none at Major Blue Alarm All zeros LoS at Critical Red Alarm Connector RJ 45 style modular jack RJ48C compatible 1 per output or BNC single ended RJ48C Pinout Pin 4 is Clock Out Ring Pin 5 is Clock Out Tip T1 CLOCK OUTPUT Quantity 0 1 or 2 Type Transformer coupled complementary pair Frequency 1 544 Mbps Synchronization Phase locked to the Tycho 10 MHz Data Format All ones User selectable for Unframed D4 SuperFrame SF or CRC6 Extended SuperFrame ESF Line Z 100Q nominal Pulse Shape Conforms to ITU T G 703 Pulse Amplitude 3 0V pk MTIE Jitter Wander Conforms to ANSI T1 101 and ITU T G 824 Line Build Out User selectable for short haul DSX 1 0 655 ft Line Code Bipolar Return To Zero Alternate Mark Inversion AMI Identical to B8ZS or PDE with all ones data Alarm Code
53. Ende cm A TECHNOLOGIES Tycho GPS Frequency Reference User Manual Tycho GPS Frequency Reference User Manual Preface Thank you for purchasing the Tycho Frequency Reference Our goal in developing this product is to bring you a precise time and frequency reference that will quickly easily and reliably meet or exceed your system requirements Your new Tycho is fabricated using the highest quality materials and manufacturing processes available today and will give you years of troublefree service About EndRun Technologies EndRun Technologies is dedicated to the development and refinement of the technologies required to fulfill the demanding needs of the time and frequency community The instruments produced by EndRun Technologies have been selected as the timing reference for a variety of industries and applications computer networks satellite earth stations power utilities test ranges broadcast and telecommunications systems and more EndRun Technologies is committed to fulfilling your precision timing needs by providing the most advanced reliable and cost effective time and frequency equipment available in the market today Trademark Acknowledgements IBM PC Linux NotePad Timeserv UNIX Windows NT WordStar are registered trademarks of the respective holders Part No USM3021 0000 000 Revision 15 February 2012 Copyright EndRun Technologies 2005 2012 Tycho GPS User Man
54. F The accuracy and stability specifications in Appendix I Specifications assume a stationary plat form and an antenna with a full view of the sky Accuracy and stability performance will degrade in dynamic mode gpsrefpos This command displays the current GPS Subsystem reference position The source of the position which is one of UNK unknown DYN dynamic USR user entered or AVG 24 hour average of GPS fixes is displayed first The WGS 84 latitude and longitude in degrees minutes seconds format and the height above the WGS 84 reference ellipsoid in meters follow Query gpsrefpos Tycho response CURRENT REFERENCE POSITION AVG N38d26m36 11s W122d42m56 50s 00032 5 meters 21 Tycho GPS User Manual CHAPTER THREE gpsstat This command allows the user to query the status of the GPS Subsystem During normal operation a Linux daemon SYSTIMED polls the GPS Subsystem every eight seconds The results of this poll are used to steer the system clock and are saved to a log file This command parses and formats the information contained therein and prints this fixed length string having these fields LKSTAT TFOM YEAR DOY HH MM SS sssssssss LS LF S N VCDAC C No FLTS Where LKSTAT 15 the tracking status of the GPS Subsystem either LOCKED or NOTLKD TFOM A detailed explanation of TFOM is in Appendix A Time Figure of Merit Briefly TFOM indicates clock accuracy where 3 time error is 100 ns 4 time error is lt 1 us
55. NAO lt CR gt lt LF gt O DDD HH MM SS dTZ XX lt CR gt lt LF gt Q is the time quality indicator and may be either lt space gt ASCII space character 0x20 which indicates locked ASCII question mark 0x3F which indicates the unsynchronized condition This is the on time character 15 the space character 0x20 DDD 15 the day of year 001 366 is the colon character 0x3A HH is the hour of the day 00 23 MM is the minute of the hour 00 59 SS is the second of the minute 00 60 d is the DST indicator S I D O TZ XX 15 time zone where XX is 00 through 23 BR Tycho GPS User Manual REAR PANEL OUTPUT OPTIONS CR lt LF gt NENA1 is the ASCII carriage return character 0x0D The first lt CR gt is the on time character is the ASCII line feed character 0x0A lt CR gt lt LF gt O WWW DDMMMYY HH MM SS lt CR gt lt LF gt Q WWW DD MMM YY HH MM SS CR lt LF gt NENAS 15 the time quality indicator and may be either lt space gt ASCII space character 0x20 which indicates locked ASCII question mark 0x3F which indicates the unsynchronized condition This is the on time character 15 the space character 0x20 15 the day of week MON TUE WED THU FRI SAT 15 the day of month 1 31 is the month JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUN JUL AUG SEP OCT NOV DEC Is the two digit year is the colon character 0x3A 15 the hour of the day 00 23 15 the m
56. NONE All 1 s N A N A ALARM N A MAJOR BLUE All 1 s N A N A CRITICAL All O s N A N A FAS DF NONE FAS DF N A N A ALARM NONE MAJOR BLUE FAS DF N A N A CRITICAL All O s N A N A FAS DF NONE FAS DF N A N A ALARM AIS MAJOR BLUE AIS All 1 5 N A N A CRITICAL All O s N A N A CRC4 MF NONE CRC4 MF G 811 Synchronization 0010 ALARM NONE MAJOR BLUE CRC4 MF G 811 Synchronization 0010 CRITICAL All O s N A N A CRC4 MF NONE CRC4 MF G 811 Synchronization 0010 ALARM AIS MAJOR BLUE AIS All 1 5 N A N A CRITICAL All O s N A N A CRC4 MF NONE CRC4 MF G 811 Synchronization 0010 ALARM SSM MAJOR BLUE CRC4 MF Do Not Use For Synchronization 1111 CRITICAL All O s N A N A 45 Tycho GPS User Manual CHAPTER FOUR 64kCC USER SETTINGS VS CLOCK STATUS amp ASSOCIATED SIGNAL CONDITIONS USER SETTINGS CLOCK STATUS OUTPUT SIGNAL LINE CODE ALARM ALARM STATE CODE AMI NONE AMI All 1 s ALARM N A MAJOR BLUE AMI All 1 s CRITICAL All O s AMI w 8kHz BPV NONE AMI All 1 s w 8kHz Bi Polar Violation ALARM NONE MAJOR BLUE AMI All 1 s w 8kHz Bi Polar Violation CRITICAL All O s AMI w 8kHz BPV NONE AMI All 1 s w 8kHz Bi Polar Violation ALARM AIS MAJOR BLUE AMI All 1 s CRITICAL All O s AMI w 8kHz BPV NONE AMI All 1 s w 8kHz Bi Polar Violation 400Hz non Violation 400Hz non BPV MAJOR BLUE AMI All 1 s w 8kHz Bi Polar Violation 400Hz non Violation
57. O US OCXO 1 1x10 3x10 1x10 2 6x10 10 4x10 309x102 13x10 9 8 10 3 100 5x101 s1x102 17x10 72 1 5x1012 1000 6 5x1012 5x19 22x10 22x10 10000 1x10 1x10 2 1x101 100000 1x103 1x10 1x10713 1x10713 Optional Telecom Clock Module Outputs See Chapter 4 Optional Rear Panel Outputs for more information COMPOSITE CLOCK Quantity O 1 or 2 Type Transformer coupled complementary pair via 2xRJ48C Single ended via 2xBNC Freguency 64 kbps Synchronization Phase locked to the Tycho 10 MHz Data Format All ones User selectable bipolar violation BPV Line Z 110Q nominal complementary pair or 75Q nominal single ended Pulse Shape Conforms to ITU T G 703 Pulse Amplitude 3 4V pk into 1330 3 0V pk into 1100 2 4V pk into 750 MTIE Jitter Wander Conforms to ITU T G 823 Line Code Bipolar Return To Zero Alternate Mark Inversion AMI 5 8 Duty Cycle User selectable for 64kcc AMI with no BPV 64kcc AMI with 8 kHz BPV or 64kcc with 8 KHz BPV and missing BPV at 400 Hz Alarm Code User selectable for BPV off AIS at Major Blue Alarm or BPV always on All zeros LoS at Critical Red Alarm Connector RJ 45 style modular jack RJ48C compatible 1 per output or BNC single ended RJ48C Pinout Pin 4 is Clock Out Ring Pin 5 is Clock Out Tip 106 Tycho GPS User Manual SPECIFICATIONS El CLOCK OUTPUT Quantity 0 1 or 2 Type Transformer coupled complementary pair via 2xRJ48c or Ix
58. R ANTENNA LOCATION blocked view of the sky but itis on the side of the building facing the equator ALS M Equator E BEST ANTENNA LOCATION full view of the sky 93 Tycho GPS User Manval APPENDIX H GPS Antenna Kit The Tycho ships with a free GPS Antenna Kit which includes 50 feet 15 meters of antenna cable This amount of cable is sufficient for the majority of GPS antenna installations Longer cable runs can also be accommodated Below is a list of the items in a typical GPS Antenna Kit part number 0610 0009 001 GPS Antenna part 0502 0013 000 PVC Mounting Pipe part 0100 0009 018 Hose Clamps part 0100 0008 000 50 feet of RG 59U Belden 9104 Cable TNC Male part 0600 0013 050 Following 15 the Installation Guide for a rooftop mount that is included with the antenna 94 Tycho GPS User INSTALLING THE GPS ANTENNA INSTALLATION GUIDE GPS Antenna Rooftop Mounting Guidelines Locating Mounting Site Most ideal mounting location is one with unobstructed clear view of the sky If mounted on building side locate on side closest to earth equator South if in Northern Hemisphere Mount as close to vertical as possible Mount away from other radiating antennas if possible Antenna Installation Using Supplied Mounting Kit Separate mounting adaptor from antenna by unscrewing 4 captured screws as shown below Run cable up through the mounting pipe and through the mounting adaptor Th
59. RAM disk In this way the fac tory defaults are overwritten The secure shell protocol server running in the Tycho is based on the portable OpenSSH for Linux As such it supports both SSH1 and SSH2 protocol versions By default only SSH2 is enabled due to security issues with SSH1 For more information about this protocol and to obtain client software refer to the OpenSSH website http www openssh com An excellent book which describes operation and configuration of the various SSH implementations including OpenSSH is available from O Reilley amp Associates SSH The Secure Shell Barrett amp Silverman O Reilley amp Associates 2001 In the interest of conserving scarce system memory resources only the secure shell server daemon sshd and the secure copy utility sep are implemented in the Tycho This means that users on remote hosts may log in to the Tycho via an ssh client but users logged in on the Tycho are unable to log in to a remote host via ssh Since sep runs in concert with an ssh client the same limitations exist for its use i e users on remote hosts may transfer files to and from the Tycho via sep over ssh but users logged in on the Tycho are unable to transfer files to and from a remote host via sep over ssh The factory configuration contains a complete set of security keys for both SSH1 and SSH2 versions of the protocol RSA keys are supported by both versions and DSA keys are supported when using the SSH2 vers
60. RM Care should be taken not to directly connect this open collector output to a voltage source A series current limiting resistor of at least 1K ohms in value should be used The pull up voltage must not exceed 40V If your primary application for the Tycho is as a frequency standard and you have not purchased one of the optional higher stability oscillators you should consider operating with the console port available to enter the gpsstat command See Chapter 3 Control and Status Commands While using this command you will always know whether the Tycho is currently locked to a GPS signal while you are performing measurements based on its frequency outputs The holdover frequency accuracy of the standard TCXO will degrade to the 5x10 level fairly quickly following GPS signal loss depending upon the ambient temperature 16 Tycho GPS User Manval EndRun A VAN TECHNOLOGIES General Linux Shell Operation Chapter Three Control and Status Commands This chapter describes the Tycho control and status commands The Tycho supports several applica tion specific commands for performing initialization setup and for monitoring the performance and status of the unit You do not need knowledge of Linux commands in order to operate the Tycho However the Tycho does support a subset of the standard Linux shell commands and utilities A wealth of information is available from a variety of sources on Linux Only the Tycho specific com man
61. S INCLUDING ANY GENERAL SPECIAL INCIDENTAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAM AGES ARISING OUT OF THE USE OR INABILITY TO USE THE PROGRAM INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO LOSS OF DATA OR DATA BEING RENDERED INACCURATE OR LOSSES SUSTAINED BY YOU OR THIRD PARTIES OR A FAILURE OF THE PROGRAM TO OPERATE WITH ANY OTHER PROGRAMS EVEN IF SUCH HOLDER OR OTHER PARTY HAS BEEN ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES END OF TERMS AND CONDITIONS 89 Tycho GPS User Manual Apache Software License APPENDIX G The Apache server as implemented in the Tycho is cover by copyrights See the license at http www apache org licenses LICENSE 1 1 Information about Apache can be found at http httpd apache org The distribution and usage of Apache is allowed as long as the following copyright notice is included in our documentation This notice applies as if the text was explicitly included each file The Apache Software License Version 1 1 Copyright c 2000 The Apache Software Foundation All rights reserved Redistribution and use in source and binary forms with or without modification are permitted provided that the following conditions are met 1 Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice this list of conditions and the following disclaimer 2 Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright notice this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the doc
62. SNMPv1 Trap Generation Configuring SNMPv2c Notifications and Informs SIMPLE NETWORK MANAGEMENT PROTOCOL SNMP Change Default Community Strings Passwords To ensure security you should change the default community names by editing etc snmpd conf and modifying these two lines rwcommunity endrun_1 rocommunity TychoGPS To have your Tycho send SNMPvI traps RFC 1215 you must configure the community and destina tion for SNMPv1 traps by uncommenting and editing this line in etc snmpd conf trapsink trapcommunity trapport where trapcommunity should be replaced by your community and XXX XXX xx xxx is the IP address or hostname of the destination host for receiving the traps generated by the Tycho By de fault the trap will be sent to port 162 You may optionally add another parameter trapport to the end of the above line to override the default port setting Otherwise leave it blank Note Though the agent will recognize multiple trapsink lines within etc snmpd conf and send the generic SNMP coldStart or authenticationFailure traps to each destination the enterprise trap genera tion mechanism of the Tycho will only send a trap to the last declared trapsink in the file To have your Tycho send SNMPv2c notifications SMIv2 RFC 2578 or informs you must configure the communities and destinations by uncommenting and editing one or both of these lines in etc snmpd conf trap2sink
63. TERMS AND CONDITIONS FOR COPYING DISTRIBUTION AND MODIFICATION 0 This License applies to any program or other work which contains a notice placed by the copyright holder saying it may be distributed under the terms of this General Public License The Program below refers to any such program or work and a work based on the Program means either the Program or any derivative work under copyright law that is to say a work containing the Program or a portion of it either verbatim or with modifications and or translated into another language Herein after translation is included without limitation in the term modification Each licensee is addressed as you Activities other than copying distribution and modification are not covered by this License they are outside its scope The act of running the Program is not restricted and the output from the Program Is covered only if its contents constitute a work based on the Program independent of having been made by running the Program Whether that is true depends on what the Program does 1 You may copy and distribute verbatim copies of the Program s source code as you receive it in any medium provided that you conspicuously and appropriately publish on each copy an appropriate copyright notice and disclaimer of warranty keep intact all the notices that refer to this License and to the absence of any warranty and give any other recipients of the Program a copy of this License
64. TTL pulse rate output and is usually not installed If installed see description in Chapter 4 Optional Rear Panel Outputs and signal definition in Appendix I Specifications This BNC connector provides an optional customer specified rate output and is usually not installed If installed it will be labeled for the appropriate rate such as 10 MPPS or 100 PPS etc This output is set at the factory and cannot be changed See details in Chapter 4 Optional Rear Panel Outputs and signal definition in Appendix I Specifications for the Fixed Rate Output This optional DB 9M connector provides the 1PPS output at RS 422 levels and is usually not installed The pulse width is normally 1 millisecond wide when shipped from the factory but can be changed via command cpuoptsconfig See pinout details in Appendix I Specifications for the 1PPS RS 422 Output This optional DB 9M connector provides the serial I O interface with a once per second ASCII time string output and 1s usually not installed For further information refer see description in Chapter 4 Optional Rear Panel Outputs and Appendix I Specifications Your Tycho has two option slots that can be configured with a variety of output buffer modules In Tycho products these output modules are not field installable but must be installed at the factory See Chapter 4 Optional Rear Panel Outputs for more information This IEC 320 standard three prong connector provides AC power
65. TY OR TORT INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE This software consists of voluntary contributions made by many individuals on behalf of the Apache Software Foundation For more information on the Apache Software Foundation please see lt http www apache org gt Portions of this software are based upon public domain software originally written at the National Center for Supercomputing Applications University of Illinois Urbana Champaign 91 Tycho GPS User Manual APPENDIX G 92 Tycho GPS User Manual EndRun ANNE OW TECHNOLOGIES Appendix Installing the GPS Antenna This appendix contains guidelines for installing the GPS antenna Antenna Location The location of the antenna must be chosen based on having as clear a view of the sky as possible Any obstructions such as buildings large metal objects or other antennas and even trees will limit the performance of the GPS antenna The antenna should also be located away from overhead power lines or circuits for safety reasons The illustration below shows some examples of good and bad antenna mounting locations pon Equator kd POOR ANTENNA LOCATION blocked view of the sky plus itis on the side of the building facing away from the equator Sul 4 Ak Equator BETTE
66. These are accessconfig and inetdcon fig Using Edit A very compact editor with WordStar command keystrokes is available on the system for editing files edit Ifyou start edit without giving it a file name to open it will display its help screen showing all supported keystrokes By default the unit is configured to allow access by all users via Telnet SSH and SNMP To ensure security you should restrict access by using the accessconfig command accessconfig modifies two files which are used by tepd and the standalone daemons snmpd and sshd to determine whether or not to grant access to a requesting host etc hosts allow and etc hosts deny These two files may contain configuration information for a number of protocol servers but in the Tycho only access control to the protocol server daemons in telnetd sshd and snmpd 15 configured As shipped from the factory these two files are empty When the user runs accessconfig these lines are added to the etc hosts deny file in telnetd ALL sshd ALL snmpd ALL This tells tepd to deny access to in telnetd and sshd to all hosts not listed in the etc hosts allow file The snmpd and sshd daemons also parse this file prior to granting access to a requesting host Then the user is prompted to enter a list of hosts that will be granted access to in telnetd sshd and snmpd These appear in the etc hosts allow as lines like this in telnetd 192 168 1 2 192 168 1 3 sshd 192 168 1 2 19
67. User selectable for Alarm Indication Signal AIS or Status Sync Messaging SSM or none at Major Blue Alarm All zeros LoS at Critical Red Alarm Connector RJ 45 style modular jack RJ48C compatible 1 per output Pinout Pin 4 is Clock Out Ring Pin 5 is Clock Out Tip 1 z X 107 Tycho GPS User Manual APPENDIX I ALARM RELAY OUTPUTS Quantity 0 or 3 Type Form C Rating 750 mA 42VAC 60VDC NC Contact Closed for alarm active condition NO Contact Closed for alarm inactive condition Minor Alarm Active at minor clock faults Major Alarm Active at major clock fault Blue Alarm Critical Alarm Active at clock operational fault Red Alarm Connector DB9 Female Pinout 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Minor NC Minor NO Major COM Critical NC Critical NO Minor COM Major NC Major NO Critical COM CE FCC Compliance RTTE Directive 99 5 EC Low Voltage Directive 73 23 EC EMC Directive 89 336 EC With Amendment 93 68 EC Supplementary Compliance Data Safety EMC 108 EN 60950 1992 A1 A2 1993 A3 1995 A4 1997 A11 1998 EN 55024 1998 w A1 2000 and A2 2003 EN61000 3 2 2000 EN61000 3 3 1995 w A1 2001 EN55022 1998 Class A VCCI April 2004 Class A FCC Part 15 Subpart B Class A ICES 003 Class A Tycho GPS User SPECIFICATIONS DECLARATION OF CONFORMITY According to ISO TEC GUIDE 22 and EN 45014 Manufacturer s Name EndRun Te
68. a good cable for initial testing and typical T1 E1 or 64kCC installations For other lengths or connector configura tions use equivalent T1 or E1 cable qualified to match clock type T1 cable is compatible with E1 signals for short runs Over 10 ft use cable specified to match the application Either cable type can be used for 64kCC signals 49 Tycho GPS User CHAPTER FOUR 50 Tycho GPS User EndRun A VAN TECHNOLOGIES Chapter Five HTTP Interface This chapter briefly describes the HTTP interface that resides on the Tycho GPS Frequency Refer ence The HTTP interface to the Tycho is a fast and easy to use graphical interface that is compliant with your standard web browser Simply point your browser to the IP address of the Tycho and login securely with HTTP Security conscious customers may disable the HTTP interface see the end of this appendix for instructions Note The HTTP interface is not IPv6 compliant The HTTP interface is not available in older Tycho models The older models have a Linux Subsys tem root file system RFS number of 6010 0042 000 see the number enter the gsysversion command via the network serial port The newer Tycho models have or can have the HTTP inter face capability These models have a Linux Subsystem RFS number of 6010 0044 000 The HTTP implementation in the Tycho uses HTTPS HTTP over SSL Secure Socket Layer SSL Is a sublayer under regular HTTP HTTPS e
69. along with the Program You may charge a fee for the physical act of transferring a copy and you may at your option offer warranty protection in exchange for a fee 2 You may modify your copy or copies of the Program or any portion of it thus forming a work based on the Program and copy and distribute such modifications or work under the terms of Section 1 above provided that you also meet all of these conditions You must cause the modified files to carry prominent notices stating that you changed the files and the date of any change 86 Tycho GPS User Manval THIRD PARTY SOFTWARE b You must cause any work that you distribute or publish that in whole or in part contains or 15 de rived from the Program or any part thereof to be licensed as a whole at no charge to all third parties under the terms of this License If the modified program normally reads commands interactively when run you must cause it when started running for such interactive use in the most ordinary way to print or display an announce ment including an appropriate copyright notice and a notice that there 15 no warranty or else saying that you provide a warranty and that users may redistribute the program under these conditions and telling the user how to view a copy of this License Exception if the Program itself is interactive but does not normally print such an announcement your work based on the Program 15 not required to print an announcement
70. and starts an interactive shell script that allows the user to change the clock calibration delay This setting is used to advance or retard the clock in order to compensate for antenna cable length or other external hardware Allowable range is 500000 to 500000 nanoseconds Set setgpscaldelay Tycho response Interactive shell script is started setgpsdynmode This command accepts a single argument ON or OFF to allow the user to set the dynamic mode of operation of the GPS Subsystem By default the unit is configured for static operation so this setting is OFF If the Tycho will be mounted on a moving platform like a ship then this setting must be changed to ON The change takes place immediately and is stored non volatilely Set setgpsdynmode ON Tycho response GPS Dynamic Mode is ON setgpsrefpos This command starts an interactive shell script that will allow the user to set the accurate reference position of the Tycho By default the unit is configured to locate itself using the GPS satellites In some situations visibility of the sky is limited and the unit will not be able to determine its position In this case the user must determine an accurate WGS 84 position by other means and input it using this command If you need to set the accurate reference position you must run this script as root The changes take place immediately Jf the GPS dynamic mode setting is ON see gpsdynmode setgpsdynmode commands then running this script
71. anged but can be viewed via the front panel display by navigating to Main Menu gt Option I O gt OptCardx where x 1 or 2 You can also view the Tele com Clock Output configuration via the network or serial ports by using console command plugi nopts A 00000 EN A ooooo A PL 1 I L J 2 ALARM CONTACTS 60V 42V MAX SPARE DB9 TELECOM CLOCK BUFFER TELECOM CLOCK BUFFER T1 Clock OutA 64kCC Clock Out B E1 Clock Out A E1 Clock Out B User Settings There are user settings associated with the T1 J1 El and Composite Clock outputs There are no user settings for the optional Alarm Output User settings are TI J1 Framing Mode Alarm Mode Line Build Out El Framing Mode Alarm Mode Composite Clock Line Code Alarm Mode You can view or change the user settings for each output by using the console commands plugi nopts and pluginoptsconfig see Chapter 3 Control and Status Commands Available selec tions for each user setting are T1 Framing Mode Unframed SF D4 and ESF CRC6 1 Alarm Mode N A None AIS SSM T1 Line Build Out 1 133 feet 133 266 feet 266 399 feet 399 533 feet 533 655 feet Framing Mode SF D4 ESF CRC6 J1 Alarm Mode None AIS 44 Tycho GPS User REAR PANEL OUTPUT OPTIONS J1 Line Build Out E1 Framing Mode 1 Alarm Mode Comp Clock Li
72. can be installed with the telecom option Since the one microsecond level is a good approximate level to the various masks it is also the threshold level that will induce an immediate fault on the telecom option alarm relays and SSM bits This level is factory configured and not user settable 46 Tycho GPS User Manval REAR PANEL OUTPUT OPTIONS If the Tycho loses GPS signal lock then it will drift at a rate dependent upon the installed oscillator When it has drifted more than 1 microsecond the MTIE fault will be set and a Major Alarm will oc cur The list below summarizes the chart data It shows how long in holdover each oscillator will be until it exceeds the one microsecond threshold Medium Stability 1 hour High Stability OCXO 3 hours Ultra Stable OCXO 6 hours EndRun Disciplined Oscillator Holdover Performance vs G 823 and T1 101 Jitter Wander Masks 5 C Max Delta in Holdover 7 5 C hr Max Slewrate MS 000 HS 000 US 000 Rb HS Rb 76 823 PRC 76 823 SSU 71 101 051 711 101 OC N MTIE and Accumulated Time Error in Holdover seconds 10 100 1 000 10 000 100 000 1 000 000 Observation Interval seconds 47 Tycho GPS User Manual CHAPTER FOUR Connectors and Cables The Telecom Clock Output Module is available with two types of output connectors BNC and RJ48C The BNC connector is compatible with 75 ohm coaxial cable The RJ48C connector is com patible with 100 133 ohm twisted pair Pin
73. changes to take effect kkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkk kkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkk Verify Network Configuration If you have made changes to your network configuration using netconfig you should shutdown the Tycho and reboot it There are two ways to do this 1 Cycle power to the Tycho 2 Issue the shutdown with reboot command at the shell prompt Tycho GPS root gsys gt shutdown r now If you are using the RS 232 serial I O port to communicate with the Tycho you will be able to see the kernel generated boot messages when the unit reboots You should note the line Configuring eth0 as 192 168 1 245 if you have set up a static IP address or this line Attempting to configure eth0 by contacting a DHCP server if you are using DHCP It appears near the end of the kernel generated boot messages If you are using DHCP and are not using the RS 232 serial port you will have to check the DHCP configuration information maintained by your DHCP server to determine the expected IP ad dress and log in to the Tycho using telnet or ssh to verify successful DHCP configuration Refer to the subsequent topics in this section Using Telnet and Using SSH for details on logging in to the Tycho that way Once you have logged in you may perform the following checks If you are not using DHCP the IP address shown should match the stat
74. chnologies EndRun TECHNOLOGIES Manufacturer s Address 1360 North Dutton Avenue Suite 200 Santa Rosa CA 95401 U S A DECLARES THAT THE PRODUCT Product Name 1 Network Time Servers and 2 Time amp Frequency Standards Model Number 1 Tempus LX GPS Tempus LX CDMA Unison GPS Unison CDMA and 2 Tycho GPS Tycho CDMA CONFORMS TO THE FOLLOWING EUROPEAN DIRECTIVES RTTE Directive 99 5 EC Low Voltage Directive 73 23 EMC Directive 89 336 EC With Amendment 93 68 EC Supplementary Information Safety EN 60950 1992 A1 A2 1993 A3 1995 A4 1997 A11 1998 EMC EN 55024 1998 A1 2000 and A2 2003 EN61000 3 2 2000 EN61000 3 3 1995 wi A1 2001 EN55022 1998 Class A VCCI April 2004 Class A FCC Part 15 Subpart B Class A ICES 003 Class A Year Mark First Applied 2004 I the undersigned hereby declare that the equipment spceificd above conforms to the above Directives and Standards Li Place Santa Rosa California USA Signature LOY i Date December 22 2004 Full Name David J Lobsinger Position Hardware Engineerin 109 Tycho GPS User Manual APPENDIX I 110 Tycho GPS User Manual EndRun mw TECHNOLOGIES Special Modifications Changes for Customer Requirements From time to time EndRun Technologies will customize the standard Tycho GPS Frequency Reference for special customer requirements If your unit has been modified then this section will describe wha
75. commended Cables 2 is a c Res x rr RR ER RU E eds 96 Using GPS Preamplifiers e roce m ee tone er ipee OR RUNE 96 A Bola ous beer Ra EE CURED OW Eder indi eet 99 Lightning Arrestor sw entr mr FRS FA GNAU ER nee 99 Splitlers ilis c RR REGERE ERUNT AER EE A ER Tere 99 ege e ege SUN Tycho GPS User EndRun A ANN TECHNOLOGIES Main Features ChapterOne Introduction The Tycho GPS Frequency Reference is a high performance cost effective system that provides highly precise time and frequency outputs The Tycho includes 1 PPS and IRIG B as standard out puts plus an RS 232 serial port In addiition a network port which includes many protocols includ ing TELNET FTP DHCP SNMP and SSH is a standard Tycho feature The Tycho utilizes the GPS transmissions to precisely synchronize itself to Universal Coordinated Time UTC to the 100 nanoseconds level of accuracy The frequency of the internal oscillator is disciplined to match the frequency of the UTC timescale to the low parts in 1 0 level of accuracy over 24 hour observation intervals The time and frequency outputs are coherent after initial GPS synchronization and synchronization is maintained via 20 bit DAC frequency control rather than phase stepping to provide excellent short term stability For more detailed information that is not included in this manual and links to other sites please visit our website http www e
76. d 5 would require a straight through cable The shield ground is connected on pins 7 and 8 Connection to Wire Wrap Terminal BITS Clock Input Use a RJ48C cable with 22 AWG solid wire for connection to wire wrap terminals Either connector can be cut off to expose the individual twisted pairs for this application Determine the color coding of the twisted pair connected to pins 4 and 5 of the remaining RJ48C connector The wire con nected to pin 4 connects to the BITS clock Ring input wire wrap terminal and the wire connected to 48 Tycho GPS User Manual REAR PANEL OUTPUT OPTIONS pin 5 connects to the BITS clock Tip input wire wrap terminal The drain wire associated with that shielded twisted pair connects to the GROUND terminal Shield Ground Connection The shield ground should be connected to minimize cross talk Connection to BITS clock inputs con forming to the pin out described in Table 1 or connection as described for wire wrap inputs will result in a grounded shield However some BITS clock inputs are wired with the shield connections on pins 3 and 6 This situation can be accommodated by modification or replacement the EndRun supplied cable This is compatible with the EndRun Technologies RJ48C clock output connector in which pins 4 and 5 provide the BITS clock signal while pins 1 2 3 6 7 and 8 are not connected Cable 655 ft maximum A 10 ft T1 crossover cable manufactured by Stonewall Cable P N SC 9598 X 15
77. d access permissions by using p when copying the file At boot time it will be copied to the etc directory of the system ramdisk thereby replacing the factory default configuration file To disable the SSH protocol see Disable SSH above The HTTP server in the Tycho is built from the standard Apache 1 3 33 distribution from http httpd apache org It uses HTTPS HTTP over SSL with mod ssl the Apache interface to OpenSSL For more infor mation about this protocol refer to http www modssl org HTTP and SSL use two files for the default configuration located in etc apache These are httpd conf and ss conf Advanced users who need to modify the default configuration will need to edit these two files and copy them to the boot etc apache directory See Using Edit above For SSL it is recommended that new certificates are generated and installed on the Apache web server with mod ssl The current certificates included are located in etc apache ssl ctr etc apache ssl csr and etc apache ssl key New certificates CSRs and private keys will need to be saved in boot etc apache ssl crt boot etc apache ssl csr and boot etc apache ssl key directories By default the Apache server configuration file httpd conf for httpd is factory configured It contains the configuration directives that give the server its instructions Although not required the directives may be changed by editing etc apache httpd conf and then copying it to
78. d oscillator 15 the TCXO Query gsysosctype Tycho response Installed Oscillator is TCXO gsyspasswd This command allows the root user to change the passwords of the two configured users on the sys tem root and gsysuser Arguments passed to gsyspasswd on the command line are passed verba tim to the real passwd binary program When passwd returns the resulting modified etc shadow file is copied to the non volatile boot etc directory 24 Tycho GPS User Manual CONTROL AND STATUS COMMANDS To change root password Set gsyspasswd Tycho response The passwd interactive utility starts To change gsysuser password Set gsyspasswd gsysuser Tycho response The passwd interactive utility starts gsysrootfs This command displays the currently booted root file system image It can be either TychoGPS 0 factory image or TychoGPS 1 field upgrade image Refer to Appendix B Upgrading the Firm ware for detailed instructions on performing the upgrade procedure Query gsysrootfs Tycho response BOOT IMAGE TychoGPS 1 gsystimemode This command displays the current time mode settings for any optional timecode or Serial Time Out put The time mode setting can be UTC GPS or Local The Local Time Offset from UTC and the DST Start Stop parameters are only valid when the Time Mode is LOCAL A positive Local Time Offset implies a longitude east of the Greenwich time zone and that local time is ahead of UTC Query gsystimemode Tycho respo
79. diating antennas if possible Antenna Cable and Mast Installation Locate end of antenna cable with TNC connector Run this end through the antenna mast and connect to the in line amplifier end marked output Connect short cable 12 inches long between in line amplifier end marked input to the base of the antenna as shown Thread the antenna mast into the base of the antenna Excessive force is not necessary and may damage threads Do not use thread locking compound Secure the antenna mast to available pipe or roof structure using hose clamps as shown Run the antenna cable into your building and connect to the rear of the instrument TNC connector identified as GPS Antenna IMPORTANT Observe polarity when connecting the GLna in line amplifier Connect as illustrated below IN from antenna P OUT to receiver Connect end marked OUT to down cable to instrument Connect end marked IN to antenna 5050 0004 000 1 of 1 05FEB2010 97 Tycho GPS User Manual APPENDIX H INSTALLATION GUIDE GPS Antenna Rooftop Mounting Guidelines with In Line Amplifier MEE Antenna ME cable GPS In line e omnee snd marked IN to antenna _ e omnee snd marked IN to antenna _ end marked IN to antenna Threaded End Of Pipe Antenna Mast Hose Clamp Roof Vent Pipe 5050 0004 000 2 of 2 05FEB2010 98 Tycho GPS User Manual Other Accessories INSTALLING THE GPS ANTENNA Lightning Arrestor
80. ds will be described in this chapter The serial I O port physical and electrical characteristics are defined as well You do not need to know Linux in order to operate the Tycho However for those interested the command shell used by the Tycho is the Linux standard bash All commands and file names are case sensitive which is standard for Unix like operating systems If you are unfamiliar with Unix like operating systems and you would like to be able to more closely monitor or optimize the perfor mance of your Tycho you should consult good Linux reference books like Linux in a Nutshell Seiver O Reilly amp Associates 1999 Running Linux Welsh Dalheimer amp Kaufman O Reilly amp Associates 1999 Or the web at http www tldp org 17 Tycho GPS User Manual CHAPTER THREE Available User Commands COMMAND FUNCTION accessconfig Interactive shell script that guides the user in configuring telnet ssh and snmpd access to the Tycho that is limited to specific hosts The resulting etc hosts allow and etc hosts deny files are saved to the non volatile FLASH disk Factory default configuration allows access by all hosts Prints the current setting for the Antenna Fault Mask cpuopts Returns the current settings for any installed user selectable outputs from the CPU Module These are IPPS AM Code and the optional Programmable TTL Output cpuoptsconfig An interactive script that allows the user to modify the settings
81. e Appendix I Specifications AM CODEC AM CODED ANALOG TIMECODE BUFFER DEB AM CODE A AM CO 42 Tycho GPS User Manual REAR PANEL OUTPUT OPTIONS Sine Wave Module The Sine Wave Module is an option that adds four frequency outputs to your Tycho This module is intended for those wanting sine wave outputs without the need for the high performance low phase noise One or two of these modules can be installed Available frequencies are 1 MHz 5 MHz and 10 MHz The rear panel outputs are labeled with their configured frequency These frequencies are not changeable but can be viewed via the network or serial ports by using console command plugi nopts see Chapter 4 For signal definition see Appendix I Specifications 10MHz SINE 10MHz SINE OSC SINE BUFFER 10MHz SINE 10MHz SINE Low Phase Noise Module The Tycho can be configured with several high performance disciplined 10 MHz oscillators The low phase noise LPN outputs work in conjunction with these oscillators to provide up to eight individually buffered spectrally pure sinewave outputs The levels of the contributors to spectral im purity have been carefully controlled by the selection of the optional oscillators that are offered and by the design of the option module and its integration into the Tycho chassis In addition very g
82. e Page This page contains general status information Data fields are UTC Time Shows the current hours minutes and seconds in UTC Date Shows the current UTC date 3B Tycho GPS User Manual CHAPTER FIVE Receiver Shows whether the GPS receiver is locked or not TFOM Shows the current TFOM value See Appendix A Time Figure of Merit for more information System Status Shows if any system fault is present If a system fault exists go to the Faults Page to see which fault it is Receiver Page This page contains information related to the GPS Receiver Data fields are State Shows whether the GPS receiver is locked or not TFOM Shows the current TFOM value See Appendix A Time Figure of Merit for more information Satellite ID This field lists the satellites that are currently being tracked Up to 8 may be tracked at a time Average C No The carrier to noise ratio 15 an indicator of the GPS signal quality This number typically ranges from 30 to 45 dB when the Meridian is locked GPS Dynamic Mode This field shows whether the dynamic mode is set or not Dynamic mode should be OFF when the Meridian is in a static not moving position To change the dynamic mode setting use the gpsdyn mode command Reference Position Source The source of the reference position can be Unknown Dynamic User Entered or Average 24 hour average of GPS fixes To change the reference position source use the gpsrefpos command Referenc
83. e Position Latitute Longitude and WGS 84 Height The WGS 84 latitude and longitude in degrees minutes seconds format and the height above the WGS 84 reference ellipsoid in meters is shown Last Position Fix Latitute Longitude and WGS 84 Height This field shows information for the most recent position fix The WGS 84 latitude and longitude in degrees minutes seconds format and the height above the WGS 84 reference ellipsoid in meters is shown Antenna Fault Mask This field shows the current setting for the Antenna Fault Mask When the antenna fault is masked this will prevent the antenna fault from creating an alarm condition Some installations may need to mask this fault due to special antenna situations like splitters To change the Antenna Fault Mask use the setant 1tmask command 54 Tycho GPS User Manual HTTP INTERFACE Signal Fault Mask This field shows the current setting for the Signal Alarm Mask When the signal alarm is masked it will prevent a signal loss fault from creating an alarm condition To change the signal alarm mask use the setsigfltmask command TFOM Fault Level This field shows the threshold at which a signal loss fault will be asserted See Appendix A Time Figure of Merit for more information You can change the TFOM Fault Level by using command settfomfltlvl By changing the TFOM Fault Level you control the point at which the time error will produce a signal loss fault which then creates an alarm condition
84. e file either from the EndRun Technologies website or when transferring it to the Tycho Recovering from a Failed Upgrade To restore your Tycho to a bootable state using the factory root file system you must use the serial I O port and reboot the Tycho by cycling the power Refer to Chapter 2 Connect the Serial Port and Test the Serial Port for setup details When you have connected your terminal to the serial port apply power to the Tycho Pay close attention to the terminal window while the unit is rebooting After the Linux bootloader displays the message To override and boot the FACTORY partition type FACTORY within 5 seconds you must begin typing factory within five seconds to let the bootloader know that you are going to override the default root file system After you hit lt enter gt the bootloader will boot the factory root file system Watch the rest of the boot process to make sure that you have successfully recovered If 64 Tycho GPS User Manual UPGRADING THE FIRMWARE the system boots normally then you should resolve the problems with the previous upgrade and re perform it Performing the Linux Kernel Upgrade The Tycho is shipped from the factory with a kernel that is IPv4 only capable only If you want to upgrade your kernel to the IPv4 IPv6 capable one then you must first be sure that your root file system 15 version 2 60 or later To see the root file system version type gsysversion at t
85. e rights These restrictions translate to certain responsibilities for you if you distribute copies of the software or 1f you modify it For example if you distribute copies of such a program whether gratis or for a fee you must give the 85 Tycho GPS User Manval APPENDIX G recipients all the rights that you have You must make sure that they too receive or can get the source code And you must show them these terms so they know their rights We protect your rights with two steps 1 copyright the software and 2 offer you this license which gives you legal permission to copy distribute and or modify the software Also for each author s protection and ours we want to make certain that everyone understands that there is no warranty for this free software If the software is modified by someone else and passed on we want its recipients to know that what they have 15 not the original so that any problems intro duced by others will not reflect on the original authors reputations Finally any free program 15 threatened constantly by software patents We wish to avoid the dan ger that redistributors of a free program will individually obtain patent licenses in effect making the program proprietary To prevent this we have made it clear that any patent must be licensed for everyone s free use or not licensed at all The precise terms and conditions for copying distribution and modification follow GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE
86. e satellites is directly traceable to UTC Due to the nature of the GPS spread spectrum Code Division Multiple Access CDMA modulation scheme this timing information may be extracted by a well designed receiver with a precision of a few nanoseconds The GPS time and frequency engine in the Tycho does just that Since signals from the GPS satellites are available at all locations on the globe you may deploy the Tycho virtually anywhere However you must be able to install an antenna with good sky visibility preferably on the rooftop Once synchronized the Tycho can maintain acceptable accuracy for about a day without GPS reception by flywheeling on its standard temperature compensated crystal oscilla tor TCXO For improved holdover for those using the Tycho as a frequency standard an oscillator upgrade is available 2 Tycho GPS User Manual EndRun A TECHNOLOGIES Checking and Identifying the Hardware Chapter Two Basic Installation This chapter will guide you through the most basic checkout and physical installation of your Tycho GPS Frequency Reference Subsequent chapters and appendices will give you the information needed to configure your installation for the maximum performance in your operating environment Though some familiarity with Linux or other Unix like operating systems would be helpful it is not essential When operating your Tycho with its standard network interface basic familiarity with TCP IP net
87. ecific hosts Refer to Appendix C SNMP and Appen dix D Security for further information 1 Tycho GPS User Manual GPS Timing How It Works Where to Use It CHAPTER ONE Free FLASH Upgrades Firmware and configurable hardware parameters are stored in non volatile FLASH memory so the Tycho can be easily upgraded in the field using FTP and TELNET or the local RS 232 serial I O port Secure upgrades are possible via SSH and SCP We make all firmware upgrades to our prod ucts available to our customers free of charge For firmware upgrade procedures refer to Appendix B Upgrading the Firmware The time and frequency engine in the Tycho receives transmissions from satellites that are operating in compliance with the Navstar GPS Interface Control Document ICD known as GPS ICD 200 It specifies the receiver interface needed to receive and demodulate the navigation and time transfer data contained in the GPS satellite transmissions The GPS navigation system requires a means of synchronizing the satellite transmissions throughout the constellation so that accurate receiver to sat ellite range measurements can be performed via time of arrival measurements made at the receiver For the purposes of locating the receiver measurements of the times of arrival of transmissions from at least four satellites are needed For accurate time transfer to a receiver at a known position recep tion of the transmissions from a single satellite is sufficient
88. ed shell After configuring the unit you should change the passwords using the gsyspasswd command issued from the shell prompt Issuing exit will close the ssh session 15 Tycho GPS User Manval Connecting Instruments to the Tycho CHAPTER TWO Using HTTP You may monitor the status of the Tycho via the HTTP interface For security reasons you may not change any settings via the HTTP interface See Chapter 5 HTTP Interface for more information IMPORTANT SSH Telnet SNMP and HTTP are all enabled with default passwords To ensure security change the pass words or disable the protocols To change the passwords for SSH Telnet and HTTP use the gsyspasswa command To change the passwords community strings for SNMP see Appendix SNMP To disable Telnet use the inetaconfig command To disable SSH SNMP and HTTP see Appendix D Security Disabling Protocols Rear panel mounted BNC jacks provide the means of connecting your equipment to the Tycho The standard Tycho provides two precision output signals capable of driving properly terminated coaxial cables IPPS and AM Code These two signals are DC coupled and sourced from Advanced CMOS ACMOS drivers which are able to maintain output TTL levels into a 50 ohm load Care should be taken not to short circuit these outputs or to connect them to other voltage sources If your unit is equipped with the optional Alarm Output it will be available on a rear panel BNC jack labeled ALA
89. erootfs 1 This command erases the UPGRADE root file system FLASH partition in preparation for performing a Linux Subsystem firmware upgrade See Appendix B Upgrading the Firmware for more infor mation Set eraserootfs 1 Tycho response Erase progress as percent is shown gpscaldelay This command displays the current calibration delay setting The allowable calibration delay range 15 500000 to 500000 nanoseconds Query gpscaldelay Tycho response 0 nanoseconds gpsdynmode This command displays the current GPS Subsystem dynamic mode of operation It has two possible settings ON or OFF When it is ON it is assumed that the Tycho is installed on a moving platform When it is OFF it is assumed that the Tycho is installed in a stationary location When the dynamic mode is OFF the Tycho will use its accurate reference position to implement Tim ing Receiver Autonomous Integrity Monitoring TRAIM for the utmost in reliability during any GPS system faults In addition single satellite operation is possible once an initial accurate position has been determined When the dynamic mode is ON only a very minimal TRAIM algorithm is in effect because the ac curate reference position is not static In addition a minimum of four satellites must be visible and only 3 D position fixes are used When the dynamic mode is ON the source reported for the accurate reference position by gpsrefpos is set to DYN Query gpsdynmode Tycho response OF
90. etc syslog ng conf file will cause the new IPv6 capable syslog ng daemon to be started instead of the previous syslogd klogd pair of daemons These two files remain on the system for backward compatibility with customers existing etc syslog conf setups but they are not IPv6 capable If you are not currently directing your system logs to a remote host or you are not using IPv6 then there is little need or benefit to changing to syslog ng IPv4 Only Protocols There are several protocols which are not IPv6 capable telnet client and server http ftp and dhcpcd Due to their intrinsic insecurity te1net and tp are repidly being deprecated and prob ably have little business running over an IPv6 network The address autoconfiguration capabilities of IPv6 make the DHCP protocol less important however it is likely that the new dhepve capability will appear in a future upgrade 84 Tycho GPS User Manual EndRun A VAN TECHNOLOGIES GNU General Public License AppendixG Third Party Software The Tycho is running several different software products created and or maintained by open source projects Open source software comes with its own license These are printed out for your informa tion below The license for the GNU software project requires that we provide you with a copy of all source code covered under the GNU Public License GPL at your request Please contact us with your request and we will mail it to you on a CD We
91. facilitates the GPS Subsystem firmware up grade process upgradekernel Shell script that facilitates the Linux kernel firmware upgrade process Limited applicability Use with caution accessconfig This command starts an interactive shell script that will allow the root user to configure limitation of telnet ssh and snmp access to the Tycho By default the unit 15 configured to allow access by all users If you need to limit te1net ssh or snmp access e g for security reasons you must run this script as root from either the RS 232 serial I O port or from a telnet or ssh session This script modifies these files etc hosts allow and etc hosts deny These are non volatilely stored in the FLASH disk boot etc directory You must reboot the Tycho after running this script for the changes to take effect Set accessconfig Tycho response Interactive shell script is started 19 Tycho GPS User Manual CHAPTER THREE antfltmask This command displays the current setting for the Antenna Fault Mask Ouery antfltmask Tycho response Antenna Fault is ENABLED cpuopts This command displays the current settings for the installed CPU Module outputs Query cpuopts Tycho response CPU Option 1PPS is installed Current setting 20 microseconds CPU Option TIME CODE is installed Current Setting IRIG B122 cpuoptsconfig This command starts an interactive shell script that will allow the root user to change the settings of any i
92. fer to Chapter 3 for details on the cpuopts and cpuoptscon fig commands For signal definition see Appendix I Specifications Direct Digital Synthesizer 005 The Programmable TTL Output Option may be upgraded with the addition of the Direct Digital Syn thesizer selection This option provides user selectable pulse rates from 1 PPS to 10 MPPS program Tycho GPS User Manual CHAPTER FOUR mable in 1 PPS steps including 1 544 MPPS or 2 048 MPPS The selected pulse rate is phase locked to the system oscillator However the DDS output is not aligned with system time If your Tycho has this option available then it will show up as SYNTH in the list of available selec tions for the Programmable TTL Output The actual synthesizer frequency is set via console command cpuoptsconfig see Chapter 3 For signal definition see Appendix I Specifications Fixed Rate TTL Output 10 MPPS etc The Fixed Rate Output Option provides an optional customer specified fixed rate output ranging from PPS to 10 MPPS or a digital timecode The rear panel BNC will be labeled for the appropriate rate such as 10 MPPS or 100 PPS etc This signal is specified by the customer when the order is placed preset at the factory and cannot be changed There 15 no user interface status or control For signal definition see Appendix I Specifications 1 PPS RS 422 Output This option is provided on a second RS 232 serial port which replaces the two uppe
93. g is identical to the Sysplex format The only difference between the two is that the Sysplex format always uses UTC time The time contained in the Truetime format depends on the time mode of the Tycho See gsystimemodeconfig in Chapter 3 Control and Status Commands For example if you want an output with this string format that uses Local Time then select the Truetime format EndRun Format The time contained in this string depends on the time mode of the Tycho For example if you want the time in this string to be UTC then set the time mode of the Tycho to UTC See gsystimemo deconfig in Chapter 3 Control and Status Commands The following string is sent once each second T YYYY DDD 55 zZZ m lt CR gt lt LF gt T 15 the Time Figure of Merit TFOM character described in Appendix A TFOM This is the on time character transmitted during the first millisecond of each second YYYY 15 the year DDD 15 the day of year 15 the colon character 0x3A HH is the hour of the day MM 15 the minute of the hour SS 15 the second of the minute 2 Is the sign of the offset to implies time 15 ahead of UTC ZZ 15 the magnitude of the offset to UTC in units of half hours Non zero only when the Timemode is Local m 15 the Timemode character and is one of G GPS L Local U UTC CR is the ASCII carriage return character 0x0D lt LF gt is the ASCII line feed character 0x0A 35 Tycho GPS User Manual CHAPTER
94. gured to oper ate on your network and you are ready to check operation of the Tycho over the network If not you should re check your configuration and or repeat the netconfig procedure If you have configured a nameserver s for your network you may check that by issuing this shell command Tycho GPS root gsys gt cat etc resolv conf search your domain nameserver 192 168 1 1 nameserver 192 168 1 2 Which displays the contents of the etc resolv conf file containing your domain name and the nam eserver IP address es to use for that domain Check Network Operation With your Tycho network parameters properly configured you are ready to test the setup using ping from a server or workstation that is able to access the network connected to the Tycho Alternatively you could ping one of your servers or workstations from the Tycho shell prompt to test the setup Once you have successfully established network communications with the Tycho you may perform all maintenance and monitoring activities via te1net and tp The Tycho provides both client and server operation using telnet For security reasons as well as to reduce the memory footprint in the Tycho only client operation is supported using tp You may also monitor the Tycho via the HTTP interface see Chapter 5 HTTP Interface Security conscious users will want to use ssh the secure shell replacement for telnet as the login means The companion utility scp provides a secu
95. he network serial port To upgrade your kernel log in as the root user to the Tycho using the local console serial I O port telnet or ssh and perform these operations If you are using tp to perform the upgrade transfer the previously downloaded file using binary transfer mode from the remote host to a temporary location on your Tycho using FTP The IPv6 kernel image will be named with the software part number like 6010 0041 100 bzimage When fol lowing the instructions below substitute the name of the actual kernel image that you are installing for 6010 0041 100 bzimage Issue these commands from the console of your Tycho ftp remote host perform ftp login on remote host bin set transfer mode to binary get 6010 0041 100 bzimage tmp transfer the file quit close the ftp session after transfer If you are using ssh you may open a command window on the remote computer and securely trans fer the root file system image using scp from the remote computer to your Tycho A command like this should be used scp p 6010 0041 100 bzimage root gsys your domain tmp The kernel upgrade utility is executed with a single argument passed on the command line the path to the previously uploaded kernel image file For example upgradekernel tmp 6010 0041 100 bzimage The kernel upgrade utility verifies the integrity of the file reads the kernel version information pres ents it to you and asks you to verify before replacing the old
96. his appendix describes the Time Figure of Merit TFOM number The Tycho displays this number in the time of day fields printed by the Tycho gpsstat command see Chapter 3 The TFOM num ber indicates the level of accuracy that should be included in the interpretation of the time of day and ranges from 3 to 9 time error is lt 100 nanoseconds time error is lt microseconds time error is lt 10 microseconds time error is lt 100 microseconds time error is lt 1 milliseconds time error is lt 10 milliseconds time error is gt 10 milliseconds unsynchronized state if never locked to GPS 30 UH o In all cases the Tycho reports this value as accurately as possible even during periods of GPS signal outage where the Tycho is unable to directly measure the relationship of its timing outputs to UTC During these GPS outage periods assuming that the Tycho had been synchronized prior to the outage the Tycho extrapolates the expected drift of the Tycho timing signals based on its knowledge of the characteristics of the internal Temperature Compensated Crystal Oscillator TCXO Oven Controlled Crystal Oscillator OCXO or Rubidium oscillator The extrapolated TFOM 15 based on a conserva tive estimate of the performance of the oscillator and should be considered worst case for a typical benign ambient temperature environment During periods of signal loss the GPS Subsystem will compute an extrapolated worst case time error a
97. ho can output one two or three of these sentences per second You can select which NMEA sentences to output by using the cpusertime and cpusertimecon fig commands see Chapter 3 Control and Status Commands Not all information defined in the NMEA sentences is available from the GPS receiver resident in the Tycho Following are the definitions for the NMEA sentences as implemented in this product NOTE Up to 3 sentences may be transmitted per second The first character of the first sen tence is the on time character Once the unit is locked to GPS the leading edge of the start bit of the on time character is transmitted within 100 microseconds of the beginning of the second GGA GPS Fix Data The GGA sentence contains the time position and fix related data EndRun does not calculate mean sea level Examples are below GPGGA 0 00 M 2B lt CR gt lt LF gt GPGGA 173423 00 3827 030 N 12244 020 W 1 08 1 2 14 5 M 0000 72 lt CR gt lt LF gt MsgID GPGGA Field 1 173423 00 UTC time of fix hhmmss ss Field 2 3827 030 Latitude in ddmm mmm Field 3 N Direction of latitude N north S south Field 4 12244 020 Longitude in dddmm mmm Field 5 W Direction of longitude W west E east Field 6 1 Fix quality indicator 0 fix not valid 1 GPS fix Field 7 08 Number of SVs in use 00 08 Field 8 1 2 HDOP horizontal dilution of precision Field 9 14 5 Altitude above WGS84 ellipsoid we do not calculate mean
98. ic IP address which you entered during the netconfig procedure If so log in as root at the login prompt and check the other configuration parameters using ifconfig Tycho GPS root gsys gt ifconfig etho Link encap Ethernet HWaddr 00 0E FE 00 00 34 inet addr 192 168 1 245 Bcast 192 168 1 247 Mask 255 255 255 248 UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU 1500 Metric 1 RX packets 3779 errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0 TX packets 727 errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0 txqueuelen 100 Interrupt 5 Base address 0x300 lo Link encap Local Loopback inet addr 127 0 0 1 Mask 255 0 0 0 UP LOOPBACK RUNNING MTU 3924 Metric 1 RX packets 170 errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0 TX packets 170 errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0 txqueuelen 0 13 Tycho GPS User Manval CHAPTER TWO Pay particular attention to the settings shown for etho and in particular the Mask setting which should match that which is appropriate for your network Now check the remaining configuration parameters using route Tycho GPS root gsys gt route Kernel IP routing table Destination Gateway Genmask Flags Metric Ref Use Iface localnet 255 255 255 248 U 0 0 0 eth0 loopback 255 0 0 0 U 0 0 0 lo default 192 168 1 241 0 0 0 0 UG 1 0 0 eth0 Here you are interested in the default gateway address It should match the appropriate one for your network If so then the ethernet interface of your Tycho has been successfully confi
99. identified in B122 above this format also contains Straight Binary Seconds SBS of day SBS is provided at the end of the frame in the 17 bits starting in position 80 IRIG B1 20 000 IEEE 1344 1995 In addition to the time data and the Straight Binary Seconds data this format provides for time sta tus data in the control bit positions of IRIG B The information provided there is defined by IEEE standard 1344 1995 Unit and Tens of Years Leap Second Daylight Savings Local Time Offset Time Quality and Parity The IEEE 1344 table provided below shows each bit position with detailed information NASA 36 NASA 36 bit time code is a 100 bit pulse width modulated format used to amplitude modulate a 1000 kHz sine wave carrier The information contained in the timecode is seconds minutes hours and days The format is used by several military ranges Reference IRIG Document 104 59 2137 The 2137 code is a 25 bit pulse width modulated format used to amplitude modulate a 1000 kHz sine wave carrier The information contained in the timecode is seconds minutes and hours The format 15 used by certain security organizations 81 Tycho GPS User Manual APPENDIX E IEEE 1344 Bit Definition Bit Position Bit Definition Explanation P50 Year BCD 52 P53 P54 P55 P56 P57 P58 P59 P61 P62 P63 P64 P65 Y ATAN Oooo Sd SOS SSS Dance LLedomebmy ee SSCS pot
100. ield shows the internal temperature in C Clock Page This page shows the configuration of the Tycho except for any optional I O which is listed on the I O page Fields are Time Mode This field shows the current time mode setting Possible settings are UTC GPS and Local This set ting affects the Time Code Output or optional Serial Time Output To change the time mode setting use the gsystimemodeconfig command via the network serial port Local Time Offset This field shows the offset from UTC and is only valid when the Time Mode is Local A positive Local Time Offset implies a longitude east of the Greenwich meridian To change the local offset use the gsystimemodeconfig command Daylight Savings Time DST DST Start DST End The DST fields show whether DST is enabled and if so what the DST Start and Stop Times are For example in most of the U S A the DST Start Time is the 2nd Sunday in March at 2 a m The DST End Time is the 1st Sunday in November at 2 a m To change the DST settings use the gsys timemodeconfig command 1 0 Page This page shows any installed CPU Options and their settings These are optional outputs that are generated from the CPU Module in the Tycho A basic Tycho Freguency Reference has two options installed a 1PPS and a Time Code AM Code Other possible CPU Module Options are a Program mable TTL Output and a Serial Time Output Use commands cpuoptsconfig and cpusertime config via the network serial port t
101. ilable in the older Tycho models These models have a Linux Subsys tem root file system RFS number of 6010 0042 000 To see the number enter the gsysversion command via the network serial port If you have one of the older Tycho models please proceed to the next section Upgrade Via The Network Serial Port The newer Tycho models have or can have the HTTP interface capability These models have a Linux Subsystem RFS number of 6010 0044 000 The HTTP interface was introduced at version 5 50 of the Linux Subsystem software If you have one of the newer Tycho models and your current software version is at least 5 50 you may upgrade firmware via the web interface or the network serial port Software upgrades via the HTTP interface are simple with your choice of two methods 1 If your Tycho has access to the internet the HTTP interface can automatically retrieve the ap propriate files from the FTP server at endruntechnologies com to temporary locations on the Tycho You will need to authenticate the root user name and password and follow the prompts from the HTTP interface to complete each upgrade one for the Linux Subsystem and the other for the GPS Subsystem IMPORTANT The domain name server IP address is required by the Apache web server When using net config see Chapter 3 Control and Status Commands to configure the TCP IP parameters be sure to config ure the name server Only one name server is required two gives some redundanc
102. ill also be indicated by 22 Tycho GPS User Manual CONTROL AND STATUS COMMANDS illumination of the red LED Each bit of each character indicates the status of a subsystem component 9 Jeo Char 0 FLASH Write FPGA Config No Signal DAC Control Fault Fault Time Out Over Range No Polling Events Time Input Fault GPS Comm Fault DAC Control Over Range This bit indicates that the electronic frequency control DAC for the oscillator has reached either the high 55000 or low 10000 limit while locked to the GPS sig nal Unless the unit is being subjected to out of specification environmental conditions this would indicate that the oscillator frequency has drifted near to the end of life region This should normally only occur after about ten years of operation The unit will continue to function until the oscillator frequency finally reaches one of the actual DAC endpoints The unit should be returned to the factory for oscillator replacement at the customer s convenience Note The value referred to here is the upper 16 bits of a 20 bit DAC value No Signal Time Out This bit indicates that the unit has not been able to acquire a GPS signal for one hour while the Time Figure of Merit has been equal to the TFOM Fault Level see the sett fomfltlvl command This could be due to a variety of reasons If there are no other faults that could explain the inability to receive a signal then there could be an or antenna fail
103. inute of the hour 00 59 Is the second of the minute 00 60 is the ASCII carriage return character 0x0D The first CR is the on time character is the ASCII line feed character 0x0A lt CR gt lt LF gt O YYYY DDD HH MM SS D rZZ lt CR gt lt LF gt Q YYYY DDD HH MM SS 77 CR lt LF gt 37 is the time quality indicator and may be either lt space gt ASCII space character 0x20 which indicates locked ASCII question mark 0x3F which indicates the unsynchronized condition This is the on time character is the space character 0x20 is the four digit year is the day of year 001 366 is the colon character 0x3A is the hour of the day 00 23 is the minute of the hour 00 59 is the second of the minute 00 60 is the DST indicator S I D O or time zone offset relative to UTC 00 12 is the ASCII carriage return character 0x0D The first lt CR gt is the on time character is the ASCII line feed character 0x0A Tycho GPS User Manual CHAPTER FOUR NMEA Format The National Marine Electronics Association NMEA has developed a specification that defines the interface between various pieces of marine electronic equipment This standard defines sentences that contain GPS position navigation time and other information Sentences that have been imple mented in the Tycho conform to NMEA 0183 Specification Version 3 01 and are GGA GLL GSA RMC VTG and ZDA Your Tyc
104. ion In addition the Tycho is factory configured with a set of public keys for passwordless public key authentication of the root user To use this capability the corresponding set of private keys for each of the two SSH versions are provided in the boot root directory of the Tycho Three files contain these keys identity SSH1 id rsa SSH2 and id dsa SSH2 These must be copied to the user s root ssh directory on their remote computer Be careful to maintain the proper ownership and ac cess permissions by using p when copying the files They MUST be readable only by root The corresponding public keys are by factory default resident in the root ssh directory of the Tycho Two files contain these keys authorized keys SSH1 and authorized keys2 SSH2 Since the provided private keys are not passphrase protected the user should create a new set of keys after verifying operation with the factory default key sets After creating the new keys the public keys should be copied to the boot root ssh directory of the Tycho At boot time the Tycho will copy these to the actual root ssh directory of the system ramdisk thereby replacing the factory default set of public keys Advanced users wishing to modify the configuration of the sshd daemon should edit the etc sshd _ config file and then copy it to the boot etc directory of the Tycho Be careful to maintain the proper 78 Tycho GPS User Manual HTTP SECURITY ownership an
105. ion Table below Connector Rear panel BNC jack labeled appropriately i e 10 MPPS Note See Chapter 4 Optional Rear Panel Outputs Fixed Rate TTL Output for more information Optional Programmable Digital Buffer Module Outputs Quantity Four outputs On Time Pulse Rates Drive TTL into 50Q Duty Cycle 50 except 1PPS which mimics the standard 1PPS Output Rate User selectable to 1 10 100 1K 10K 100K 1M 5M 10M PPS 1PPM 1PP2S Alignment Within 10 ns of the other TTL outputs in this unit except the optional DDS Stability See Stability Allan Deviation Table below Digital Timecode Drive TTL into 50Q DC level shift Format User selectable to IRIG B 000 IEEE 1344 002 003 NASA 36 or 2137 Alignment Within 10 ns of the other TTL outputs in this unit except the optional DDS Synthesized Rate 1 PPS to 10 MPPS in PPS steps with optional DDS Upgrade Connector Rear panel BNC jack Note See Chapter 4 Optional Rear Panel Outputs Programmable Digital Buffer Module for more information 104 Tycho GPS User Manual SPECIFICATIONS Optional Digital Buffer Module Outputs Quantity Four outputs Type of output 15 set up at factory based on customer requirements and can not be changed Types are on time pulse rates a digital timecode or synthesizer On Time Pulse Rates Drive TTL into 500 or RS 232 levels 5V into 3kO Slew Rate 30 V us Duty Cycle 50 except 1PPS which mimics the standard 1 PPS
106. ions with the Tycho using its RS 232 serial I O port Connect the RS 232 Serial 1 0 Port You will need to use the RS 232 serial I O port if your network does not support the Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol DHCP In that case you must be able to configure the Tycho network 7 Tycho GPS User Manual CHAPTER TWO parameters manually using the Linux console shell interface which is provided by this serial I O port Under certain conditions you may also need to use the RS 232 serial I O port if you encounter a problem while upgrading the firmware in your Tycho To test serial communications with the Tycho you will need either a VT100 compatible terminal or a terminal emulation program running on your computer We will refer to either of these as terminal for the remainder of this instruction 1 Disconnect power from the Tycho 2 Connect one end of the DB9F to DB9F null modem adapter cable to the serial I O jack on the Tycho 3 Connect the other end of the DB9F to DB9F null modem adapter cable to the terminal If the serial I O port on your terminal does not have a DB9M connector you may need to use an adapter Refer to Chapter 3 RS 232 Serial Port Signal Definitions for details on the signal wiring Jf you are using a computer for your terminal remember which port you are using because you will need to know that in order to set up your terminal software Test the Serial Port You must configure your terminal to use the
107. ire a signal 4 Then the green Sync Status LED will pulse at precisely a 1 Hz rate synchronized to UTC seconds with a short on duration relative to the off duration At this point the GPS time and frequency engine has fully synchronized and you may proceed to permanently mount the chassis and antenna in their desired locations If you are unable to achieve GPS lock after 24 hours call Customer Support 1 877 749 3878 for assistance FCC NOTICE This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class A digital device pursuant to part 15 of the FCC Rules These limits are designed to provide reasonable protection against harmful interference when the equipment is operated in a commercial environment This equipment generates uses and can radiate radio frequency energy and if not installed and used in accordance with the instruc tion manual may cause harmful interference to radio communications Operation of this equipment in a residential area is likely to cause harmful interference in which case the user will be required to correct the interference at his own expense Mount the Tycho Using standard 19 rack mounting hardware mount the unit in the desired location After mounting the unit and connecting the antenna cable verify that it still acquires and tracks a GPS signal Ground the unit properly with the supplied power cord Position the power cord so that you can easily disconnect it from the Tycho Do n
108. irmware Only the Linux Subsystem root file system RFS and GPS Subsystem can be upgraded via the HTTP interface To upgrade the Linux Subsystem kernel see Appendix B Upgrading the Firmware Performing the Linux Kernel Upgrade Reboot This page will allow you to perform a software reboot of both the Linux Subsystem and the GPS Subsystem This is normally used after a firmware upgrade but can be done anytime you wish to reset the Tycho To disable HTTP you need to edit a system start up script called etc rc d rc local This script starts several daemons You can either remove the line that lists HTTP or you can place a character at the beginning of the line so that it will not be executed A very compact editor with WordStar command keystrokes is available on the system for this purpose edit If you start edit without giving it a file name to open it will display its help screen showing the supported keystrokes IMPORTANT After editing etc rc d rc ocal you must copy it to the boot etc rc d directory and reboot the system It is very important to retain the access mode for the file so be sure to use cp p when performing the copy During the boot process the files contained in Poot etc rc d directory are copied to the work ing etc rc d directory on the system RAM disk In this way the factory defaults are overwritten 58 Tycho GPS User Manual EndRun ANE TECHNOLOGIES Appendix Time Figure of Merit TFOM T
109. itation of Liability The remedies provided herein are Buyer s sole and exclusive remedies EndRun Technologies shall not be liable for any direct indirect special incidental or consequential damages whether based on contract tort or any other legal theory EndRun Contact Information Address EndRun Technologies 2270 Northpoint Parkway Santa Rosa California 95407 U S A Phone 707 573 8633 Fax 707 573 8619 Sales 1 877 749 3878 or 707 573 8633 sales endruntechnologies com Support 1 877 749 3878 or 707 573 8633 support endruntechnologies com Tycho GPS User Manual Tycho GPS User Table of Contents Preface Ced M ar Seb gauss i About EndRun Technologies i Trademark Acknowledgements i About This ii TERRE TT ii Limitation of Warranty ii Warranty Repair a ASA ed viaa iii Repair After Warranty Expiration iii Limitation of Liability iii EndRun Contact Information iii Chapter Introduction
110. its were possible in addition to plain old snooping to learn the community names SNMPv3 implements the User based Security Model USM defined in RFC 2274 which employs modern cryptographic technologies to both authenticate multiple users and to encrypt their session data for privacy much in the same way that SSH does for remote login shell users In addition it implements the View based Access Control Model VACM defined in RFC 2275 This RFC defines mechanisms for limiting the access of multiple users having various security levels no authentication authentication or authentication plus privacy to specific views of the Structure of Management Information SMT object tree In addition to providing the SNMP variables contained in MIB II as described in RFC 1213 EndRun Technologies has implemented an enterprise MIB using the syntax of the SMI version 2 SMIv2 as described in RFC 2578 69 Tycho GPS User Manual Invocation of the SNMP daemon Quick Start Configuration SNMPv1 vXc APPENDIX C TYCHO MIB Which is located on your Tycho in this ASCII file usr local share snmp mibs TY CHO MIB txt In addition to a complete set of GPS status objects the MIB defines two SMIv2 notification objects e GPS Fault Status change e GPS Time Figure of Merit change The SNMP daemon snmpd is started from the etc rc d rc local system start up script with this line snmpd m MIBNAME Ls d c etc snmpd conf By default it will li
111. kernel image If you verify it will then erase the old image and write the new one in its place The erase and write operation takes about 10 seconds A power failure during the kernel erase and write operation would render your unit unbootable It is highly advisable to plug your unit into a UPS while performing the kernel upgrade Performing the GPS Subsystem Upgrade To perform this upgrade log in as the root user to the Tycho using either the local console serial I O port telnet or ssh and perform these operations 65 Tycho GPS User Manual APPENDIX B Change the working directory to the tmp directory cd tmp If you are using tp to perform the upgrade transfer the previously downloaded file using binary transfer mode from the remote host to the working directory tmp The GPS Subsystem image will be named with the software part number and version like 6010 0020 000 3 01 bin When following the instructions below substitute the name of the actual GPS Subsystem image that you are installing for 6010 0020 000 3 01 bin ftp remote host perform ftp login on remote host bin set transfer mode to binary get 6010 0020 000 3 01 bin transfer the file quit close the ftp session after the transfer If you are using ssh you may open another command window on the remote computer and securely transfer the GPS Subsystem image to the tmp directory using scp from the remote computer A command like this could be used scp p 601
112. lden 1505A is the cable of choice You will also need preamplifiers if the cable length 15 greater than 250 feet See the chart below for details Using GPS Preamplifiers EndRun produces a GPS Preamplifier which is a very high performance low noise inline amplifier for difficult GPS signal environments and long cable runs greater than 250 feet of factory supplied cable The following table shows the number of preamplifers we recommend for each GPS antenna installation using our GPS receiver and our factory supplied cable Installations using other cable types may have different preamplifer requirements Cable Length Cable Number of Type Preamplifiers Up to 250 feet RG 59 76 meters Belden 9104 251 to 500 feet RG 59 1 77 to 152 meters Belden 9104 501 to 700 feet RG 59 2 o meme 701 to 750 feet RG 59 2 214 to 228 meters Belden 1505A 751 to 1000 feet RG 59 3 229 to 305 meters Belden 1505A The following two pages show the Installation Guide for installing a rooftop mounted antenna with GPS preamplifer 96 Tycho GPS User Manual INSTALLING THE GPS ANTENNA INSTALLATION GUIDE GPS Antenna Rooftop Mounting Guidelines with In Line Amplifier Locating Mounting Site Most ideal mounting location is one with unobstructed clear view of the sky If mounted on building side locate on side closest to earth equator South if in Northern Hemisphere Mount as close to vertical as possible Mount away from other ra
113. le Signal I O port at RS 232 levels for secure local terminal access Parameters 19200 baud 8 data bits no parity 1 stop bit Connector Rear panel DB 9M connector labeled RS 232 Pinout is shown below Note For operational details see Chapter 3 Control and Status Commands Supported IPv4 Network Protocols SSH server with secure copy utility SCP SNMP v1 v2c v3 with Enterprise MIB TIME and DAYTIME server TELNET client server FTP client DHCP client SYSLOG HTTP 102 Tycho GPS User Manual SPECIFICATIONS Supported IPv6 Network Protocols SSH server with secure copy utility SCP SNMP v1 v2c v3 with Enterprise MIB TIME and DAYTIME server SYSLOG Note See Appendix F IPv6 Information for details Power 90 264 VAC 47 63 Hz 0 5 A Max 120 VAC 0 25 A Max 240 VAC 110 370 VDC 0 5A Max 120 VDC 3 Pin IEC 320 on rear panel 2 meter line cord is included Size Chassis 1 75 H x 17 0 W x 10 75 D Antenna 3 5 Dia x 2 5 H Weight lt 5 lb 2 70 kg Environmental Operating Temperature 0 to 50 Operating Humidity 0 to 95 non condensing Storage Temperature 40 to 85 C Antenna Operating Temperature 40 to 85 C Optional DC Power 12 VDC 10 20 VDC 4A maximum 24 VDC 19 36 VDC 2A maximum 48 VDC 38 72 VDC 1 5A maximum 125 VDC 70 160 VDC 0 75A maximum 3 position terminal block on rear panel DC IN SAFETY GROUND DC IN Floating power inp
114. le interface to the Tycho This console allows the user to initialize and maintain the Tycho See Chapter 3 RS 232 Serial I O Port Signal Definitions for detailed information This RJ 45 connector mates with the ethernet twisted pair cable from the network This BNC connector provides the IPPS TTL output The pulse width is normally 1 millisecond wide when shipped from the factory but can be changed via console command cpuoptsconfig Other selections are 20 microseconds 100 milliseconds and 500 milliseconds See signal definition in Appendix I Specifications for the 1PPS Output This BNC connector provides the amplitude modulated timecode output The timecode output is normally IRIG B122 when shipped from the factory but can be changed via the console command cpuoptsconfig Other selections are available See signal definition in Appendix I Specifications for the AM Code Output This BNC connector or terminal strip provides the optional alarm output and is usually not installed If installed see description in Chapter 4 Optional Rear Panel Outputs and signal definition in Appendix I Specifications Tycho GPS User Performing an Initial Site Survey BASIC INSTALLATION Prog TTL Jack Option 10 MPPS or 100 PPS etc Option 1PPS RS 422 Option Serial Time Option Output Boards Options AC Power Input Jack DC Power Input Block This BNC connector provides the optional Programmable
115. mposed of null fields Examples are below GPZDA 48 lt CR gt lt LF gt GPZDA 175658 00 20 05 2008 07 00 69 lt CR gt lt LF gt 40 Tycho GPS User Manual Module Options REAR PANEL OUTPUT OPTIONS MsgID SGPZDA Field 1 175658 00 UTC time at 1PPS hhmmss ss Field 2 20 Day 01 to 31 Field 3 05 Month 01 to 12 Field 4 2008 Year 1980 to 2079 Field 5 07 Local zone hour offset from UTC for east longitude Field 6 00 Local zone minutes offset from UTC Checksum 69 Msg End lt CR gt lt LF gt Your Tycho Frequency Reference has two available option slots that can be configured with a variety of modules In the Tycho these modules are not field installable they must be installed at the factory Refer to pluginopts and pluginoptsconfig in Chapter 3 Control and Status Com mands Option modules are described below Programmable Digital Buffer Module The Programmable Digital Buffer Module adds four independently programmable TTL outputs to your Tycho These buffered outputs can provide on time pulse rates from 1 PPS to 10 MPPS ora digital timecode output Other selections are 1PPM pulse per minute 1PP2S pulse per 2 seconds even second 1PPS OT rising edge on time 1PPS OT falling edge on time and SYNTH see DDS option below Each output can be individually programmed for any of the various selections via console command pluginoptsconfig see Chapter 3 For signal definition see Appendix I Specifications
116. n Technologies EndRun will not be responsible for damage incurred during shipping to us Be sure the RMA number 15 clearly identified on the shipping container Our policy is to repair the unit within 5 business days If it is necessary to order parts or if other circumstances arise that require more than 5 days an EndRun service technician will contact you Loaner units are not included as part of the standard warranty Repair After Warranty Expiration If the warranty period has expired we offer repair services for equipment you have purchased from EndRun Call and ask for a customer service agent It is important to contact us first as many prob lems may be resolved with a phone call Please have the serial number of the unit and the nature of the problem available before you call Ifitis determined that the equipment has failed and you want EndRun to perform the repairs we will issue you an RMA number Ship the unit prepaid in the original container or a container of sufficient strength and protection to EndRun Technologies EndRun will not be responsible for damage incurred during shipping to us Customer is responsible for shipping costs to and from EndRun Technologies Be sure the RMA number is clearly identified on the shipping container After the equipment has been received we will evaluate the nature of the problem and contact you with the cost to repair parts and labor and an estimate of the time neces sary to complete the work Lim
117. nd Status Commands 3 The splitter supplied by EndRun has a built in preamplifier to compensate for signal loss through the splitter If using a splitter other than the one supplied by EndRun you may need to compensate for splitter signal loss by using a separate GPS preamplifier 99 Tycho GPS User APPENDIX H 100 Tycho GPS User Manval EndRun ANNE OW TECHNOLOGIES Appendix Specifications The following accuracy and stability specifications assume a stationary position not dynamic mode and the antenna mounted with a full view of the sky GPS Receiver L1 Band 1575 42 MHz 8 Channels C A Code Antenna TNC jack on rear panel Zin 50 2 Integral 35 dB gain LNA with bandpass filter for out of band interference rejection Rugged all weather housing capable of operation over 40 C to 85 C temperature extremes Mounting via 18 long 74 PVC pipe with stainless steel clamps 50 low loss RG 59 downlead cable standard Extension cables and low noise pre amplifiers are available as options Local Oscillator TCXO is standard 2 5 10 6 over 20 to 70 C Medium Stability OCXO MS OCXO 4x10 over 0 to 70 C is option High Stability OCXO HS OCXO 1x10 over 0 to 70 C is option Ultra Stable OCXO US OCXO 5x10710 over 0 to 70 C Time to Lock 5 minutes typical TCXO 10 minutes typical OCXO Network I O Rear panel RJ 45 jack AMD PC Net Fast III 10
118. ndruntechnologies com There you can also download firmware upgrades the latest manuals and other documentation Overview The Tycho is composed of a Global Positioning System GPS time and frequency engine integrated with an IBM PC compatible fanless convection cooled 133 MHz CPU with integral ethernet inter face an RS 232 serial port and a power supply Non volatile storage of the embedded Linux operat ing system and the Tycho application software is via FLASH memory Standard Features In addition to sourcing a precision 1 PPS timing reference and an IRIG B timecode output your Tycho GPS Frequency Reference includes a network and serial port The Tycho can be managed via the network port or a local console on the RS 232 serial port See Chapter 3 Control and Status Commands for more information Secure Network Interface An ethernet port is provided as a standard feature of the Tycho Frequency Reference with a wide variety of protocols including SNMP with Enterprise MIB SSH HTTP Telnet and FTP Refer to Chapter 2 Basic Installation for information to help you set up your network interface The inclu sion of SNMP v3 and SSH provides a very secure network interface and allows you to safely perform monitoring and maintenance activities over the network Security conscious users can also disable any or all of the risky protocols such as HTTP Telnet Time and Daytime In addition access via SSH SNMP and Telnet can be restricted to sp
119. ne Code Comp Clock Alarm Mode 0 655 feet Unframed FAS Double Frame CRC4 Multi Frame N A None AIS SSM Alarm Mode not applicable when unframed all ones AMI AMI with SkHz BPV AMI with SkHz BPV 400Hz non BPV N A None AIS T1 USER SETTINGS VS CLOCK STATUS amp ASSOCIATED SIGNAL CONDITIONS USER SETTINGS CLOCK STATUS OUTPUT SIGNAL FRAMING ALARM ALARM STATE FRAMING SSM STATE SSM Message UNFRAMED NONE All 1 s N A N A ALARM N A MAJOR BLUE All 1 s N A N A CRITICAL All O s N A N A SF D4 NONE SF D4 N A N A ALARM NONE MAJOR BLUE SF D4 N A N A CRITICAL All O s N A N A SF D4 NONE SF D4 N A N A ALARM AIS MAJOR BLUE AIS All 1 5 N A N A CRITICAL All O s N A N A ESF NONE ESF G 811 Synchronization 11111111 00100000 ALARM NONE MAJOR BLUE ESF G 811 Synchronization 11111111 00100000 CRITICAL All O s N A N A ESF NONE ESF G 811 Synchronization 11111111 00100000 ALARM AIS MAJOR BLUE AIS All 1 5 N A N A CRITICAL All O s N A N A ESF NONE ESF G 811 Synchronization 11111111 00100000 ALARM SSM MAJOR BLUE ESF Do Not Use For Synchronization 11111111 00001100 CRITICAL All O s N A N A E1 USER SETTINGS VS CLOCK STATUS amp ASSOCIATED SIGNAL CONDITIONS USER SETTINGS CLOCK STATUS OUTPUT SIGNAL FRAMING ALARM ALARM STATE FRAMING SSM STATE SSM Message UNFRAMED
120. nhances security because 1t encrypts and decrypts the requested and returned pages from the server The HTTP implementation is built from the standard Apache 1 3 33 distribution from http httpd apache org See Appendix D Security for information on changing the default HTTP configuration and SSL certificates IMPORTANT The domain name server IP address is required by the Apache web server When using net config see Chapter 3 Control and Status Commands to configure the TCP IP parameters be sure to config ure the name server Only one name server is required two gives some redundancy The HTTP Interface will not start if this is configured incorrectly 51 Tycho GPS User Manval HTTP Interface Description CHAPTER FIVE For security reasons the web pages on the Tycho show status information only You cannot reconfig ure the Tycho except for upgrading firmware which is done with several security measures in place To reconfigure the Tycho you will need to use the network or serial port command line interface For proper operation your web browser must be configured to allow pop up windows and have Javascript enabled To get started with the web interface simply point your browser to the IP address of the Tycho and log in securely with HTTP For example http 192 168 1 1 A warning dialog page will be presented for the certificate Acknowledge the dialog page and the server will continue to load protected by SSL The bro
121. ns that the antenna downlead cable is not plugged into the connector on the rear of the Tycho If the condition persists after check 23 Tycho GPS User Manval CHAPTER THREE ing the antenna downlead for obvious faults this 1s a fatal fault and the unit should be returned to the factory for repair The example response indicates that there has been a period without tracking a GPS signal that ex ceeded the time out period that there was a FLASH Write Fault and that there 1s an Antenna Fault Query gpsstat Tycho response LOCKED TFOM 4 2001 092 04 48 56 347916732 13 13 2 7 28605 41 6 008A gpstrkstat This command displays the current GPS Subsystem satellite tracking status A list of eight satellite numbers 15 displayed one for each receiver channel Satellite number 0 15 an invalid number and indicates that no satellite is being tracked on that channel Valid satellite numbers range from 1 to 32 Query gpstrkstat Tycho response CURRENT SVs TRKD 08 11 13 22 31 00 00 00 gpsversion This command displays the firmware and hardware versions of the GPS Subsystem Query gpsversion Tycho response F W 1 00 FPGA 0202 gsyshwaddr This command displays the ethernet hardware address if the IP network is properly configured Oth erwise it returns nothing Query gsyshwaddr Tycho response 00 D0 C9 25 78 59 gsysosctype This command displays the installed oscillator type It is one of TCXO MS OCXO HS OCXO or US OCXO The standar
122. nse Time Mode LOCAL Local Time Offset from UTC 16 half hours 1st Hour 02 Last Hour 02 DST Start Month DST Stop Month Apr Sunday Oct Sunday gsystimemodeconfig This command starts an interactive shell script that will allow the user to configure the time mode of any optional time code or Serial Time outputs Selections are UTC GPS or Local These settings have no effect on the operation of the underlying Linux operating system time It ALWAYS operates in UTC By default the unit is configured to operate in UTC If you need to modify this setting you must run this script as root Settings made using this command are non volatile Set gsystimemodeconfig Tycho response Interactive shell script is started gsysversion This command displays the firmware version and build date of the Linux Subsystem root file sys tem Query gsysversion Tycho response Tycho GPS 6010 0042 000 v 2 00 Wed Jan 16 22 38 21 UTC 2004 25 Tycho GPS User Manval CHAPTER THREE help This command displays a list of the Tycho commands not Linux commands To get help on a par ticular command you would type help followed by the command Query help Tycho response Tycho commands are displayed Query help gpsstat Tycho response Information specific to the gpsstat command is displayed inetdconfig This command starts an interactive shell script that will allow the user to configure the list of protocol servers which are started by
123. nstalled CPU Module output The user selectable outputs are 1PPS AM Code and the optional Prog TTL and Synthesizer Set cpuoptsconfig Tycho response Interactive shell script is started cpusertime This command displays the current settings for the optional Serial Time Output Settings for the three NMEA Sentences are always shown but are only applicable if you have selected NMEA as the Output Format Setting More information about the various formats is in Chapter 4 Rear Panel Output Options Ouery cpusertime Tycho response Current Serial Time Output Baud Rate Setting 9600 Current Serial Time Output Format Setting Sysplex Current Serial Time Output Parity Setting Odd Current NMEA Sentence 1 Setting ZDA Current NMEA Sentence 2 Setting NONE Current NMEA Sentence 3 Setting NONE cpusertimeconfig This command starts an interactive shell script that will allow the root user to change the settings of the optional Serial Time Output The user selectable outputs are the format Sysplex Truetime End Run EndRunX NENA and NMEA the baud rate 4800 9600 19200 57600 and the parity ODD EVEN or NONE The three NMEA sentences can also be changed but are applicable only if the Output Format is NMEA More information about the various formats is in Chapter 4 Rear Panel Output Options Set cpusertimeconfig Tycho response Interactive shell script is started 20 Tycho GPS User Manual CONTROL AND STATUS COMMANDS eras
124. ny original problem with the binary file First kill the cat command by typing CTRL C You should see a command prompt Now issue this command to re transfer the binary file upgradegps tmp 6010 0020 000 3 01 bin Recover Command Sometimes a user will attempt to download the wrong file to the GPS Subsystem When this happens the recovery method above will not work After issuing the cat command above you will not see a series of characters but instead you will see the bootloader message being output every few seconds In this case you need to use a different recovery procedure First make sure the above cat command is killed by typing CTRL C Then enter a new cat com mand as cat dev arm user amp You should again be seeing the bootloader message every few seconds Tempus Bootloader 6010 0050 000 v 1 00 May 28 2004 17 31 05 Please type the following command but do not press enter echo e recover r gt dev arm user 67 Tycho GPS User Manval APPENDIX B Now wait until you see another bootloader message come out and then press enter You will then see the come out every 3 seconds You then kill the previous cat command by entering kill You should see a command prompt Now issue this command to re transfer the correct binary file upgradegps tmp 6010 0020 000 3 01 bin 68 Tycho GPS User Manval EndRun A VAN TECHNOLOGIES SNMPv3 Security Enterprise Management Information Base
125. o change the settings of the CPU Options 1 0 Page Plug In Options This page shows any installed Plug In Modules and their settings Some plug in modules can be user configured Use command pluginoptsconfig to change the configuration of these modules Faults Page This page lists all possible fault conditions of the GPS Subsystem The various faults are described below FLASH This fault indicates that the microprocessor was unable to verify a write to the FLASH non volatile parameter storage area This should not ever occur under normal operation The unit should be returned to the factory for repair FPGA This fault indicates that the microprocessor was unable to configure the FPGA This would be a fatal fault and the unit should be returned to the factory for repair BI Tycho GPS User Manual HTTP INTERFACE Signal This fault indicates that the unit has not been able to acquire a GPS signal for one hour while the Time Figure of Merit has been 9 the unsynchronized condition This could be due to a variety of reasons Ifthere are no other faults that could explain the inability to receive a signal then there could be an or antenna failure or blockage If the condition persists indefinitely and a problem with the antenna is not evident the unit may need to be returned to the factory for repair DAC This fault indicates that the electronic frequency control DAC for the oscillator has reached either the high 55000 or low 10000
126. od 6 internet 1 private 4 enterprises 1 endRun TechnologiesMIB 13827 branch of the SMI object tree After adding the user lines to etc snmpd conf copy it to the boot etc directory using p The second file is located on the non volatile FLASH disk and is used by the SNMP agent to store persistent data that may be dynamic in nature This may include the values of the MIB II variables sysLocation sysContact and sysName as well as any configured SNMPv3 user crypto keys In order to use SNMPv3 you must configure user keys in this file for each SNMPv3 user that you have set up in etc snmpd conf To do this you must add lines to boot net snmp snmpd conf like these for each user createUser root MD5 endrun 1 DES endrun 1 createUser tychouser SHA TychoGPS The first line will cause the agent snmpd to create a user root who may be authenticated via Mes sage Digest Algorithm 5 MD5 with password endrun 1 and may use the Data Encryption Standard DES to encrypt the session data with passphrase endrun 1 The second line will cause a user tychouser to be created who may be authenticated using the Secure Hash Algorithm SHA with pass 72 Tycho GPS User Manual Disabling The SNMP Protocol SIMPLE NETWORK MANAGEMENT PROTOCOL SNMP word TychoGPS 0 Passwords and passphrases must have a minimum of 8 characters or you will not be able to be authenticated IMPORTANT You must kill the snmpa process prior to editing Poot net snmp
127. ols ICMP UDP TCP IGMP 9 Tycho GPS User Manual CHAPTER TWO IP routing cache hash table of 512 buckets 4Kbytes TCP Hash tables configured established 2048 bind 2048 NET4 Unix domain sockets 1 0 SMP for Linux NET4 0 mtdblock open ok RAMDISK Compressed image found at block 0 mtdblock release ok VFS Mounted root ext2 filesystem Freeing unused kernel memory 68k freed INIT version 2 76 booting etc rc d rc S bin is a directory mtdblock open ok mtdblock open ok Loading GPS Fri Aug 20 00 53 54 2004 0 707128 seconds 2004 Setting system time using hwclock INIT Entering runlevel 3 Entering multiuser Attempting to configure eth0 by contacting a DHCP server At this point if you do not have a DHCP server configured on your network the unit will time out and print these messages Tycho GPS DHCP Client was unable to find the DHCP Server Fix the problem and re boot or set up static IP address by running netconfig dnsdomainname Host name lookup failure none Then these messages are printed in either case Disabling IPv4 packet forwarding Starting daemons syslogd klogd inetd Starting the System Time daemon Starting the SNMP daemon Starting the system logfile manager Starting the system watchdog woof During this process the factory default TychoGPS 0 root file system is loaded from FLASH disk to an 16MB ramdisk and the remainder of the boot process completes At thi
128. ood channel to channel isolation has been achieved This module always resides in Slot 1 next to the Receiver CPU Module An additional LPN module can be installed in Slot 2 for a total of eight LPN outputs The rear panel outputs are labeled with their configured frequency These frequencies are not changeable but can be viewed via console command pluginopts see Chapter 3 For signal definition see Appendix I Specifications 10MHz SINE 10MHz SINE OSC LPN BUFFER 10MHz SINE 10MHz SINE 43 Tycho GPS User Manual CHAPTER FOUR Telecom Clock Module The Telecom Clock Module adds two or three outputs to your Tycho Two outputs are available for any combination of T1 J1 1 and Composite Clock An alarm relay output is also available as an additional option When the Tycho is configured with any of the available oscillator upgrades it can operate as a Primary Reference Clock providing high stability Building Integrated Timing Supply BITS clock signals directly to digital equipment For signal definition see Appendix I Specifica tions SAFETY WARNING This option does not incorporate over voltage protection suitable for connection to the public telecommuni cations network Do not connect to any wiring that leaves the building The rear panel outputs are labeled with their configuration E1 T1 Jl 64kCC Alarm Examples are below This configuration cannot be ch
129. ot install the Tycho where the operating ambient temperature might exceed 122 F 50 Tycho GPS User BASIC INSTALLATION Connecting the DC Power Option Connect the safety ground terminal to earth ground Connect the terminal to the positive output of the DC power source Connect the terminal to the negative output of the DC power source Note that the Tycho has a floating internal power supply therefore either the positive or negative output of the DC power source can be referenced to earth ground This unit will not operate if the connections are reversed however it will not be damaged by a reverse connection SHOCK ENERGY HAZARD Install in Restricted Access Location Use 10 14 AWG copper wire only Terminal block screw torque 9 in Ibs 1 nM Branch circuit must have circuit breaker 15A or less Install terminal block cover after wiring Connecting and Configuring Ethernet Connect one end of the CAT 5 patch cable supplied with your Tycho to the rear panel mounted RJ 45 connector labeled 10 100BASE T Connect the other end of the patch cable to your network through a straight port on your hub Do not connect it to a crossover port on your hub By factory default the Tycho will attempt to configure the ethernet interface automatically via the Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol DHCP The Tycho will attempt to set the netmask its IP ad dress the IP address of the defa
130. our setup An incorrectly wired cable or incorrect port setting in your terminal emulation program are the most common problems Refer to Chapter 3 RS 232 Serial I O Port Signal Definitions for the signal connections for the Tycho You must use a null modem cable or adapter if you are connecting the Tycho to another computer or other equipment configured as Data Terminal Equipment DTE The supplied cable is a null modem cable Once you have successfully established communications with the Tycho you may procede to con figuring the network parameters Then you can communicate with the Tycho over the network using telnet or ssh Using netconfig to Set Up Your IP The script file netconfig will configure the TCP IP network parameters for your Tycho If you want to have the HTTP Interface enabled in your Tycho then be sure to configure the name server IP address during the netconfig process The HTTP Interface will not start if this is configured incor rectly Only one name server is required two gives some redundancy The following is a sample transcript which illustrates the use of netconfig The entries made by the user are underlined and are provided purely for illustrative purposes You must provide equiva lent entries that are specific to your network Those shown here are appropriate for a typical network that does not use DHCP Start the configuration process by typing netcon ig at the shell prompt Tycho GPS root gsys gt netconfig
131. ous contributions to the wide range of software distributed through that system in reliance on consistent application of that system it is up to the author donor to decide if he or she is willing to distribute software through any other system and a licensee cannot impose that choice This section 15 intended to make thoroughly clear what 15 believed to be a consequence of the rest of this License 88 Tycho GPS User Manual THIRD PARTY SOFTWARE 8 If the distribution and or use of the Program is restricted in certain countries either by patents or by copyrighted interfaces the original copyright holder who places the Program under this License may add an explicit geographical distribution limitation excluding those countries so that distribution 1s permitted only in or among countries not thus excluded In such case this License incorporates the limitation as if written in the body of this License 9 The Free Software Foundation may publish revised and or new versions of the General Public License from time to time Such new versions will be similar in spirit to the present version but may differ in detail to address new problems or concerns Each version is given a distinguishing version number If the Program specifies a version number of this License which applies to it and later version you have the option of following the terms and conditions either of that version or of any later version published by the Free Software Founda
132. ptions Programmable TTL Output Direct Digital Synthesizer DDS Fixed Rate TTL Output 10 MPPS etc 1 PPS RS 422 Output Alarm Output Serial Time Output Sysplex Format Truetime Format EndRun Format EndRunX Extended Format NENA Format NMEA Format Module Options Programmable Digital Buffer Module Digital Timecode Formats Direct Digital Synthesizer DDS Tycho GPS User Digital Buffer Module m o Se eR IRAN 47 Analog Timecode Buffer Module 47 Sine Wave Output Module 43 Oscillator Low Phase Noise 43 Telecom Clock Module ect ec e re ecrit 44 User Seis cig Sua mw 44 Alarms son NG Sd aes see Mite RO GON tov V EUN AVE eU 46 Connedors and Cable 14 ere RARE X ERE EU ERE EE KR a RE Fy 40 Chapter Five HTTP 51 HTTP Interface Description S aco aeria os 52 ADIIT A P P 52 Page Descriptions 53 ears AS A y E AI 53
133. ptions are warranted for ninety days or longer as provided by the original equipment manufacturer from date of shipment Limitation of Warranty The foregoing express warranty shall not apply to defects resulting from improper or inadequate maintenance by Buyer or User Buyer supplied software or interfacing unauthorized modification or misuse operation outside of the environmental specifications for the product or improper site prepa ration or maintenance TO THE EXTENT PERMITTED BY LAW THIS WARRANTY AND REMEMDIES SET FORTH ABOVE ARE EXCLUSIVE AND IN LIEU OF ALL OTHER WARRANTIES REMEDIES AND CONDITIONS WHETHER ORAL OR WRITTEN STATUTORY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED AS PERMITTED BY APPLICABLE LAW ENDRUN SPECIFICALLY DISCLAIMS THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE Tycho GPS User Warranty Repair If you believe your equipment 15 in need of repair call EndRun Technologies and ask for a customer service agent It is important to contact us first as many problems may be resolved with a phone call Please have the serial number of the unit and the nature of the problem available before you call If it is determined that your equipment will require service we will issue an RMA number You will be asked for contact information including your name address phone number and e mail address Ship the unit prepaid in the original container or a container of sufficient strength and protection to EndRu
134. r BNCs on the CPU Module The pulse width is normally 1 millisecond wide when shipped from the factory but can be changed via console command cpuoptsconfig See signal definition in Appendix I Specifica tions for the IPPS RS 422 output Alarm Output The Alarm Output Option provides an open collector output that indicates when the GPS receiver has lost lock or when serious hardware faults are detected For a detailed description of the faults see the gpsstat command in Chapter 3 Control and Status Commands There is no user interface control for this option Care should be taken not to directly connect this open collector output to a voltage source A series current limiting resistor of at least 1K ohms in value should be used The pull up voltage must not exceed 40V For signal definition see Appendix I Specifications Serial Time Output This option is provided on a second RS 232 or RS 422 serial port labeled Serial Time It is an output that provides a once per second sequence of ASCII characters indicating the current time The on time character is transmitted at the very beginning of each second with the leading edge of the start bit transmitted during the first 100 microseconds The output starts automatically on power up See Appendix I Specifications for pinout To configure this output refer to Chapter 3 Control and Status Commands for details on the cpuser time and cpusertimeconfig commands There are several
135. ration Fields are DHCP By default the Tycho will configure itself using the Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol DHCP If you need to set up static IP configuration you must use the netcon ig command via the network serial port Thie field will show whether DHCP is enabled or disabled Address Gateway Netmask These fields show the settings for the IP address gateway and netmask To change these settings use the netcon ig command via the network serial port Network IPv6 Page This page shows information related to the IPv6 network parameters If your Tycho does not have IPv6 then there will be no fields on this page For more information on IPv6 see Appendix G IPv6 Information 57 Tycho GPS User Manval Disabling The HTTP Protocol CHAPTER FIVE Network DNS Page This page shows the IP address of the primary and secondary domain name servers Firmware Page The firmware status page shows part numbers and versions of the Linux Subsystem firmware root file system and kernel and the GPS Subsystem firmware Linux Subsystem Upgrade GPS Subsystem Upgrade These pages are used for upgrading the firmware You must be logged in as root in order to have access to these pages The latest released versions of Tycho firmware are freely available on the En dRun website For detailed information on how to perform the upgrade either via the network port the serial port or the HTTP interface see Appendix B Upgrading The F
136. rcise of the rights granted herein You are not responsible for enforcing compliance by third parties to this License 7 If as a consequence of a court judgment or allegation of patent infringement or for any other reason not limited to patent issues conditions are imposed on you whether by court order agree ment or otherwise that contradict the conditions of this License they do not excuse you from the conditions of this License If you cannot distribute so as to satisfy simultaneously your obligations under this License and any other pertinent obligations then as a consequence you may not distribute the Program at all For example if a patent license would not permit royalty free redistribution of the Program by all those who receive copies directly or indirectly through you then the only way you could satisfy both it and this License would be to refrain entirely from distribution of the Program If any portion of this section is held invalid or unenforceable under any particular circumstance the balance of the section 1s intended to apply and the section as a whole is intended to apply in other circumstances It is not the purpose of this section to induce you to infringe any patents or other property right claims or to contest validity of any such claims this section has the sole purpose of protecting the integrity of the free software distribution system which is implemented by public license practices Many peo ple have made gener
137. re replacement for ftp as a means of transferring files to and from the Tycho Both of these protocols are supported in the Tycho via the OpenSSH implementations for Linux Refer to Appendix D Security for more information about the secure shell protocol Using Telnet When establishing a te1net connection with your Tycho logging in directly as root 1s not permit ted This is a security measure that makes it slightly more difficult to gain access by simply trying passwords since it is also necessary to know the name of a user When you initiate a telnet session with the Tycho this banner will be displayed 14 Tycho GPS User Manual BASIC INSTALLATION te de e ese dee ese ee hehehe RRA RE RARE RARE kc he se dece che eee che she che e A Welcome to Tycho GPS telnet console on gsys your domain kkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkk gsys login Here you may log in as gsysuser with password Praecis When logged in as gsysuser you may check status information and view log files but you will not be able to modify any system settings or view secure files After correctly entering the password at this prompt Password the sign on message is shown It identifies the host system as Tycho GPS and shows the software part number version and build date Tycho GPS 6010 0004 000 v 1 00 Wed May 16 14 17 44 UTC 2002 Tycho GPS rootQGgsys This last line is the
138. read the mounting adaptor onto the mounting pipe and connect cable TNC connector to antenna connector Rotate antenna to match alignment pin with alignment hole and install antenna onto the mounting adaptor Tighten the four captured screws evenly Secure mounting pipe to available pipe or roof structure using hose clamps as shown Run the antenna cable into the building and connect to instrument GPS antenna connector INNER O RING D NE ALIGNMENT PIN OUTER O RING GPS ANTENNA PN CONNECTOR TY MOUNTING ADAPTOR 4X CAPTURED SCREWS ANTENNA CABLE MOUNTING PIPE HOSE E Ml HOSE cam A 5050 0017 000 1 of 1 23May2008 95 Tycho GPS User Manual Long Cable Runs APPENDIX H Most GPS Frequency References are installed with only 50 feet 15 meters of antenna cable How ever there are many circumstances where 50 feet is inadequate EndRun can accommodate a cable length of up to 1000 feet using a combination of low loss cable and preamplifiers Recommended Cable The factory supplied GPS cable is RG 59 Belden 9104 or Belden 1505A depending on length If you are responsible for the GPS installation and you are supplying the cable then you need to make sure it is comparable with less than 10 dB of loss at 1 5 GHz Choosing a cable type that is different can cause a myriad of GPS reception problems If the cable length is less than 700 feet then Belden 9104 is appropriate If the cable length is greater than 700 feet then Be
139. received Currently three servers are configurable via inetdcon fig TIME and DAYTIME whose daemons are contained within the inetd daemon itself and in telnetd Any one or all of these may be enabled or disabled for start up Disable SNMP and HTTP To disable SNMP and HTTP edit a system start up script called etc rc d rc local This script starts several of the daemons running on the system You should follow the instructions contained in com ments in the file for disabling the snmpd and httpd daemons Placing a character at the beginning of a line makes it a comment line so that it will not be executed See Using Edit above Disable SSH To disable SSH edit a system start up script called etc rc d rc inet2 This script starts several of the daemons running on the system You should follow the instructions contained in comments in the file for disabling the sshd daemon Placing a character at the beginning of a line makes it a comment line so that it will not be executed See Using Edit above 77 Tycho GPS User Manual OpenSSH APPENDIX D IMPORTANT After editing etc rc d rc local and or ete re d re inet2 you must copy them to the boot etc rc d directory and reboot the system It is very important to retain the access mode for these files so be sure to use cp p when performing the copy During the boot process the files contained in the boot etc re d directory are copied to the working ete re d directory on the system
140. rming an upgrade you will be copying the new image to this device Some browsers will automatically unzip the file when downloading from the website Please make sure that the downloaded file size matches what the website says it should be Upgrading the partition with a too large file size will cause problems To perform the upgrade log in as the root user to the Tycho using the local console serial I O port telnet or ssh and perform these operations First erase the upgrade partition by issuing this command at the shell prompt eraserootfs_1 If you are using tp to perform the upgrade transfer the previously downloaded file using binary transfer mode from the remote host to dev rootfs 1 on your Tycho using FTP The root file system image will be named with the software part number and version like 6010 004x 000 3 00 02 When following the instructions below substitute the name of the actual root file system image that you are installing for 6010 004x 000_3 00 gz Issue these commands from the console of your Tycho ftp remote_host perform ftp login on remote host bin set transfer mode to binary get 6010 004x 000_3 00 gz dev rootfs_1 transfer the file quit close the ftp session after transfer If you are using ssh you may open a command window on the remote computer and securely trans fer the root file system image using scp from the remote computer to your Tycho A command like this should be used 6 Tycho GPS User Man
141. s and cannot be changed Available output types are on time pulse rates from 1 PPS to 10 MPPS 1PPM 1PP2S or a digital timecode all aligned to system time or a non aligned synthesized rate Note that for the RS 232 level outputs rates above 1 MPPS are impractical due to the 30 V us RS 232 slew rate limit If your Digital Buffer Module is set up for timecode or synthesized rates then you can change the timecode or rate via console command cpuoptscon ig The module configuration can be viewed by using console command pluginopts see Chapter 3 For signal definition and DB9M con nector pinout see Appendix I Specifications The example module below shows a Digital Buffer Module with four 10MPPS Outputs 10MPPS TTL C 10MPPS TTLD DIGITAL BUFFER 10MPPS TTL A 10MPPS TTL B Analog Timecode Buffer Module The Analog Timecode Buffer Module can provide synchronization of equipment such as synchro nized generators digital fault recorders SCADA systems and time displays and are suitable for re cording onto magnetic tape or for transmission over another medium such as coaxial cable Available timecode formats are IRIG B120 IEEE 1344 IRIG B122 IRIG B123 NASA 36 or 2137 four output connectors use the same code format The format is identical to that of the CPU Module AM Code output which is set via console command cpuoptscon ig see Chapter 3 For signal definition se
142. s described above If the signal loss condition persists you will see the TFOM character change to indicate a gradually deteriorating accuracy of the timing outputs One hour after the worst case time error has reached the value equivalent to TFOM of TFOM Fault Level the red LED will illuminate The fault status field returned in the gpsstat command will have the appropriate bit set to indicate a loss of signal time out condition You may control the TFOM level at which a loss of signal alarm is generated by changing the TFOM Fault Level This can be done through the console port see the sett om 1tlvl and tfomfltlvl commands in Chapter 3 Control and Status Commands The factory default setting for the TFOM Fault Level is 9 The TFOM Fault Level setting only affects the point at which the loss of signal alarm 15 asserted 59 Tycho GPS User Manval APPENDIX A 60 Tycho GPS User Upgrade Via The HTTP Interface EndRun ANNE OW TECHNOLOGIES Appendix Upgrading the Firmware Periodically EndRun Technologies will make bug fixes and enhancements to our products available for download from our website All such downloads are freely available to our customers without charge You may securely upgrade your Tycho firmware via the HTTP interface the network port or the serial port Software upgrades for the Tycho are available at this link http www endruntechnologies com upgradetyc htm The HTTP interface is not ava
143. s point the Tycho login prompt is displayed kkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkk Welcome to Tycho GPS console on gsys your domain Tue Feb 20 2001 21 47 03 UTC kkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkk gsys login Here you may log in as gsysuser with password Praecis or you may log in as the root user with password endrun_1 When logged in as gsysuser you may check status information and view log files but you will not be able to modify any system settings or view secure files In order to perform system setup procedures which includes configuring the IP network settings you must log in as the root user After correctly entering the password at this prompt 10 Tycho GPS User Manval BASIC INSTALLATION password the sign on message is shown It identifies the host system as Tycho GPS and shows the software part number version and build date Tycho GPS 6010 0042 000 v 1 00 Wed May 9 14 17 44 UTC 2002 Tycho GPS rootGgsys gt This last line is the standard Tycho shell prompt The Tycho uses the bash shell which is the Linux standard full featured shell After configuring the unit you should change the passwords using the gsyspasswd command issued from the shell prompt If you do not see characters displayed by your terminal program within 30 seconds after the unit is powered up you must troubleshoot y
144. sea level Field 10 M M indicates altitude is in meters Field 11 empty field Height of geoid mean sea level Field 12 empty field Units of geoidal separation Field 13 empty field Time in seconds since last DGPS update Field 14 empty field DGPS station ID number Checksum 72 Msg End lt CR gt lt LF gt GLL Position Data The GLL sentence identifies the position fix time of position fix and status Examples are below GPGLL V N 64 lt CR gt lt LF gt GPGLL 3827 030 N 12244 020 W 173423 00 A A 34 lt CR gt lt LF gt 38 Tycho GPS User Manual REAR PANEL OUTPUT OPTIONS MsgID SGPGLL Field 1 3827 030 Latitude in ddmm mmm Field 2 N Direction of latitude N north S south Field 3 12244 020 Longitude in dddmm mmm Field 4 W Direction of longitude W west E east Field 5 173423 00 UTC time of fix hhmmss ss Field 6 A A data valid V data not valid Field 7 A A autonomous mode N data not valid Checksum 34 Msg End lt CR gt lt LF gt GSA GPS DOP and Active Satellites The GSA sentence identifies the GPS position fix mode the Satellite Vehicles SVs used for navi gation and the Dilution of Precision DOP values DOP is an indication of the effect of satellite geometry on the accuracy of the fix An example is below GPGSA A 1 SERES 1E lt CR gt lt LF gt GPGSA A 3 18 3 22 6 9 14 19 32 2 0 1 2 1 6 10 lt CR gt lt LF gt MsgID GPGSA Field 1 A Fixed text shows auto selection of 2D
145. serial I O port you used in Connect the RS 232 Serial 1 0 Port You must also configure your terminal to use the correct baud rate number of data bits parity type and number of stop bits Be sure to turn off any hardware or software handshaking The settings for the Tycho are 19200 is the Baud Rate 8 is the number of Data Bits None is the Parity 115 the number of Stop Bits After configuring these parameters in your terminal apply power to the Tycho After about 20 sec onds your terminal should display a sequence of boot messages similar to these kkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkk 6010 0040 000 Linux Bootloader v1 00 08 17 2004 ek oe dece eoe RI RI ede eee dede dede dee dee dee dee dee dee dee de ede ede Default root file system FACTORY To override and boot the UPGRADE partition type UPGRADE within 5 seconds These lines are the Linux bootloader boot prompt This prompt will timeout after 5 seconds and the Linux kernel and the factory default Tycho root file system will be loaded When the Linux kernel 15 loaded from FLASH memory into RAM a long list of kernel generated informational messages 15 displayed as the kernel begins execution and the various device drivers are initialized Booting Linux with FACTORY root file system 6010 0041 000 Linux Kernel v2 4 26 1 40 Wed Aug 18 17 28 45 UTC 2004 BIOS provided physical RAM map BIOS 88 0000000000000000 000000000009f000 usable BIOS 88
146. shell script is started oscctrlstat This command displays the current settings for the oscillator control parameters These parameters are used to discipline the oscillator The command formats the data and prints this fixed length string having these fields Oscctrlstat LKSTAT COAST ESTERR MEASERR TIMEDEV AGERATE TAU DAC TEMP 26 Tycho GPS User Manual CONTROL AND STATUS COMMANDS Where LKSTAT is the GPS Subsystem control status either acquiring locking or locked COAST is the number of seconds in coast mode unlocked ESTERR Is the estimated time error when in coast mode in seconds MEASERR Is the last measured time offset while locked in seconds TIMEDEV 15 the time deviation TDEV of measurements in seconds AGERATE 15 the regression computed oscillator ageing rate per day several hour delay before the first measurements are displayed TAU 15 the oscillator control loop averaging time constant in seconds DAC The oscillator control DAC value indicates the frequency control setting The system automatically sets this value to remove frequency errors Values may range from 0 to 1048575 Values close to the maximum minimum will set the DAC fault flag that will appear in the fault status display The Time Status display will also indicate a fault condition TEMP 15 the internal temperature in for OCXO and Rubidium oscillators only Query oscctrlstat Tycho response Oscctrlstat LED 0 2 72e 09 2 72e 09 1 23e 09 0
147. sten on port 161 for SNMP queries from the network management system If you would like to have it listen on another port you could edit the file by adding p port to the end of this line where port is the number of the port you would like for the agent to listen on If you would like to disable starting of the snmpd daemon altogether you can either remove this line or place a character at the beginning of the line so that it will not be executed A very compact editor with WordStar command keystrokes is available on the system for this purpose edit If you start edit without giving it a file name to open it will display its help screen showing the supported keystrokes IMPORTANT After editing etc rc d rc local you must copy it to the boot etc rc d directory and reboot the system It is very important to retain the access mode for the file so be sure to use cp p when performing the copy During the boot process the files contained in Poot etc rc d directory are copied to the work ing etc rc d directory on the system RAM disk In this way the factory defaults are overwritten You should be able to compile the TYCHO MIB file on your SNMP management system and access the variables defined therein The factory default community names are TychoGPS for the read only community and endrun 1 for the read write community This is all that is required for opera tion under v1 and v2c of SNMP 70 Tycho GPS User Manval Configuring
148. t those changes are This section is blank 111 Tycho GPS User Manual SPECIAL MODIFICATIONS 112 Tycho GPS User Manual EndRun TECHNOLOGIES Smarter Timing Solutions 2270 Northpoint Parkway Santa Rosa CA 95407 TEL 1 877 749 3878 FAX 707 573 8619 www endruntechnologies com
149. th kta ad 7 Dahle SS co od ue tr OD Deu ee meds So en ad T DEDE ceo 7 o 78 AHP sacer RR 79 Appendix Timecode Formats 81 81 ert ns p Sul 8 IRIG B120 000 IEEE 1344 1995 81 pee T TE FEN RR DDN EHO 81 mw PPP 81 IEEE 1344 Bit Definition 82 Tycho GPS User Manual e Enabling New IPv6 Capabilities p Stele n io Gre MURIS S NUS Stele le Bibb ear ene CN 83 Open SSH luem meh SN ara 03 Net SNMP O SOS See ES AERE IRR 03 IPv6 Capable syslog ng 2 eee a FF YY 04 IPv4 Only Protocols er a 04 EN A A NUN GNU General Public License 05 Apache Software licensen soot e Eo ve HR Le ad 90 e Scare Ghali dre got e bre ie de AE LOCKHON es us so ecce es odere is Yes E ai ese 93 GPS RTT NIN A PR e IM MEM 94 Long Cable RUNS Y AE CY DE de d a ad RU 96 Re
150. the bootloader message will ap pear Tempus Bootloader 6010 0050 000 v 1 00 May 28 2004 17 31 05 6 th GPS User Manual UPGRADING THE FIRMWARE In about ten seconds the GPS engine application start up messages should appear FW 6010 0020 000 v 1 00 Aug 18 2004 10 47 41 FPGA 6020 0005 000 v 0202 The firmware version should match that of the binary file that you uploaded At this point the upgradegps script terminates its execution and you will again have the standard Tycho console prompt After about one minute you should query the GPS firmware version using the command gpsversion The upgraded version information should be displayed Problems with the GPS Subsystem Upgrade Should you have difficulties with the upgrade due to a corrupt file power failure during upload or other accident do not be alarmed Even though you may have lost the existing application program the GPS engine bootloader program will remain intact On boot up it will check to see if a valid ap plication program is in the FLASH memory If there is not it will immediately go into the waiting for download mode You may verify this by issuing this command cat dev arm user You should now see the character being received every three seconds This is the character that the GPS engine bootloader sends to indicate to the XMODEM utility that it is wating for a download You may now re try the upload procedure assuming that you have corrected a
151. ttyS02 at 0x03e8 irq 0 is a ST16654 ttyS03 at 0x02e8 irq 3 is a ST16654 sc520_wdt CBAR 0x800df 000 Sc520 wdt MMCR Aliasing enabled sc520_wdt WDT driver for SC520 initialised RAMDISK driver initialized 16 RAM disks of 16384K size 1024 blocksize pcnet32 c v1 28 02 20 2004 tsbogend alpha franken de PCI Enabling device 00 0d 0 0000 0003 pcnet32 PCnet FAST III 79C973 at 0x1000 00 Oe fe 00 00 33 tx start pt 0x0c00 220 bytes BCR18 9a61 BurstWrEn BurstRdEn NoUFlow SRAMSIZE 0x1700 SRAM BND 0x0800 assigned IRO 12 eth0 registered as PCnet FAST III 79C973 pcnet32 1 cards found Tempus SC520 flash device 1000000 at 2000000 Amd Fujitsu Extended Query Table v1 3 at 0x0040 number of CFI chips 1 Creating 7 MTD partitions on Tempus SC520 Flash Bank 0x00000000 0x000e0000 Tempus kernel mtd Giving out device 0 to Tempus kernel 0x000e0000 0x00100000 Tempus Lo BootLdr mtd Giving out device 1 to Tempus Lo BootLdr 0x00100000 0x00200000 Tempus boot mtd Giving out device 2 to Tempus boot 0x00200000 0x00300000 Tempus logs mtd Giving out device 3 to Tempus logs 0x00300000 0x00900000 Tempus FACTORY rootfs mtd Giving out device 4 to Tempus FACTORY rootfs 0x00900000 0x00fe0000 Tempus UPGRADE rootfs mtd Giving out device 5 to Tempus UPGRADE rootfs 0x00fe0000 0x01000000 Tempus Hi BootLdr mtd Giving out device 6 to Tempus Hi BootLdr NET4 Linux TCP IP 1 0 for NET4 0 IP Protoc
152. ual APPENDIX B scp p 6010 004x 000 3 00 gz rootGgsys your domain dev rootfs 1 Update the default file system partition by issuing this command on your Tycho updaterootflag 1 You should see this line displayed UPGRADE is the default root file system Now reboot the system by issuing this command at the shell prompt shutdown r now Wait about 90 seconds for the system to shutdown and reboot Then log in to the Tycho using te1 net Or ssh Ifall has gone well you should be able to log in the usual way After you have entered your password the system message will be displayed You should notice that it now indicates the software version and date of the upgrade that you previously downloaded You can also check this at any time by issuing gsysversion which will cause the system message to be re displayed You can also check to see which root file system image the system is currently booted under by issu ing this command at the shell prompt gsysrootfs Which should cause this to be printed to the console BOOT IMAGE TychoGPS 1 If so and your unit seems to be operating normally you have successfully completed the upgrade If your unit does not boot up successfully and you are not able to telnet or ssh into the system after 90 seconds then there has been some kind of problem with the upgrade It is possible that the file downloaded was corrupt or that you forgot to set your FTP download file mode to binary when down loading th
153. ual About This Manual This manual will guide you through simple installation and set up procedures Introduction The Tycho how it works where to use it its main features Basic Installation How to connect configure and test your Tycho Console Port Description of the Linux console commands for use over the network and serial ports If you detect any inaccuracies or omissions please inform us EndRun Technologies cannot be held responsible for any technical or typographical errors and reserves the right to make changes to the product and manuals without prior notice Warranty This product manufactured by EndRun Technologies is warranted against defects in material and workmanship for a period of two years from date of shipment under normal use and service During the warranty period EndRun Technologies will repair or replace products which prove to be defec tive For warranty service or repair this product must be returned to EndRun Technologies Buyer shall prepay shipping charges to send product to EndRun Technologies and EndRun Technologies shall pay shipping charges to return product to Buyer However if returned product proves to be operating normally not defective then Buyer shall pay for all shipping charges If Buyer is located outside the U S A then Buyer shall pay all duties and taxes if any Products not manufactured by EndRun Technologies but included as an integral part of a system e g peripherals o
154. uct line Refer to Appendix I for details on signal specifications connector types pinouts etc Standard rear panel configuration for the CPU module is the Antenna input the AM Code output the 1 PPS output the RS 232 connector and the ethernet connector Information for the standard outputs including getting status and control capability via the user interface is described in the main text of this manual Refer to Chapter 3 Control and Status Commands for details on the cpuopts and cpuoptsconfig commands In addition to the standard connectors the CPU module can be configured with optional outputs These optional outputs include a Programmable TTL Output a Synthesizer Output an Alarm Output and a second RS 232 serial port with a Serial Time Output d J L V uo 10 100baseT 00 0E FE 00 01 FC Programmable TTL Output The Programmable TTL Output Option provides user selectable on time pulse rates from 1 PPS to 10 MPPS or a digital timecode Other selections are 1PPM pulse per minute 1PP2S pulse per 2 seconds even second 1PPS OT rising edge on time IPPS OT falling edge on time and SYNTH see DDS option below The output signal can be programmed for any of the various selections via console command cpuoptsconfig Re
155. ult gateway the domain name and the IP addresses of any nameserv ers if the DHCP server 15 configured to provide them You may optionally configure the Tycho to also set its hostname via DHCP if your DHCP server 15 configured to provide it You can do this by running a simple shell script called netcon ig after your unit is up on the network If your network does use DHCP for host configuration and you are in a hurry to get your Tycho up and running you may procede to Verifying Network Configuration to make sure that the network parameters were set up correctly Otherwise it is recommended that you read the following sections on use of the RS 232 serial I O port now since they will help you in debugging any problems that you may encounter with the automatic configuration via DHCP If your network does not use DHCP you will need to configure your ethernet interface using the RS 232 serial port The following sections contain brief descriptions on how to do that Configuring Ethernet with the Serial Port To configure your ethernet interface with the serial port after logging in as the root user you must run a simple shell script called netcon ig from the bash shell prompt This shell script will prompt you for the needed information and perform some syntax checking on your inputs Then it will create or modify the appropriate files needed to configure the ethernet interface The following sections will guide you in setting up communicat
156. umentation and or other materials provided with the distribution 3 The end user documentation included with the redistribution if any must include the following acknowledgment This product includes software developed by the Apache Software Foundation http www apache org Alternately this acknowledgment may appear in the software itself if and wherever such third party acknowledgments normally appear 4 The names Apache and Apache Software Foundation must not be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software without prior written permission For written permission please contact apache apache org X X X X X X X X X X X 5 Products derived from this software may not be called Apache nor may Apache appear in their name without prior written permission of the Apache Software Foundation THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED AS IS AND ANY EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED IN NO EVENT SHALL THE APACHE SOFTWARE FOUNDATION OR TS CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT INDIRECT INCIDENTAL SPECIAL EXEMPLARY OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES INCLUDING BUT NOT 90 Tycho GPS User Manual THIRD PARTY SOFTWARE USE DATA OR PROFITS OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY WHETHER IN CONTRACT STRICT LIABILI
157. ure or blockage If the condition persists indefinitely and a problem with the antenna is not evident the unit may need to be returned to the factory for repair FPGA Config Fault This bit indicates that the microprocessor was unable to configure the FPGA This would be a fatal fault and the unit should be returned to the factory for repair FLASH Write Fault This bit indicates that the microprocessor was unable to verify a write to the FLASH non volatile parameter storage area This should not ever occur under normal opera tion The unit should be returned to the factory for repair GPS Comm Fault This bit indicates that the microprocessor is unable to establish commu nications with the GPS engine Please report this fault condition to the factory 1 877 749 3878 Time Input Fault This bit indicates that the microprocessor received an erroneous time input from the GPS engine If the condition persists please report it to the factory 1 877 749 3878 No Polling Events This bit indicates that the GPS Subsystem 1s not receiving polling re quest from the Linux Subsystem SYSTIMED daemon This could be due to a hardware or software failure If the condition persists after cycling the power to the unit this is a fatal fault and the unit should be returned to the factory for repair Antenna Fault This bit indicates that the GPS antenna or downlead cable has a fault It indicates either an over or under current condition Usually it mea
158. used for software interchange or b Accompany it with a written offer valid for at least three years to give any third party for a charge no more than your cost of physically performing source distribution a complete machine readable copy of the corresponding source code to be distributed under the terms of Sections 1 and 2 above on a medium customarily used for software interchange or Accompany it with the information you received as to the offer to distribute corresponding source code This alternative is allowed only for noncommercial distribution and only if you received the program in object code or executable form with such an offer in accord with Subsection b above The source code for a work means the preferred form of the work for making modifications to it For an executable work complete source code means all the source code for all modules it contains plus any associated interface definition files plus the scripts used to control compilation and installation of 87 Tycho GPS User Manual APPENDIX G the executable However as a special exception the source code distributed need not include any thing that is normally distributed in either source or binary form with the major components com piler kernel and so on of the operating system on which the executable runs unless that component Itself accompanies the executable If distribution of executable or object code is made by offering access to copy from a
159. ut Either or can be connected to earth ground Optional Alarm Output on CPU Module Alarm MMBT2222A open collector grounded emitter High impedance in alarm state Voltage 40 VDC maximum Saturation Current 100 mA maximum Connector Rear panel BNC jack or terminal strip labeled ALARM Note See Chapter 4 Optional Rear Panel Outputs Alarm Output for more information Optional Serial Time Output on CPU Module Signal Output only port at RS 232 or RS 422 levels Pinout Pin 3 is Transmit Data Pin 5 is GND Baud Rate User selectable to 4800 9600 19200 or 57600 Parity User Selectable to Odd Even or None ASCII Formats User Selectable to Sysplex Truetime EndRun EndRunX NENA or NMEA Connector Rear panel DB 9M connector labeled SERIAL TIME Pinout RS 232 Pin 3 is Transmit Data Pin 5 is GND Pinout RS 422 Pin 3 is signal Pin 6 is signal Pin 5 is GND Note See Serial Time Output in Chapter 4 Optional Rear Panel Outputs for more information Also refer to the sertimeopts and sertimeoptsconfig commands in Chapter 3 Control and Status Commands 103 Tycho GPS User Manual APPENDIX I Optional 1 PPS RS 422 Output on CPU Module Signal RS 422 levels User Selectable Width 20 us 1 ms 100 ms 500 ms User Calibration 500 us 1 ns resolution Accuracy 20 nanoseconds RMS to GPS Time when locked 10 nanoseconds RMS to GPS Time when locked with 10 Nanosecond
160. will charge you a fee for our incurred expenses as allowed for in the license GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE Version 2 June 1991 Copyright C 1989 1991 Free Software Foundation Inc 51 Franklin Street Fifth Floor Boston MA 02110 1301 USA Everyone is permitted to copy and distribute verbatim copies of this license document but changing it is not allowed Preamble The licenses for most software are designed to take away your freedom to share and change it By contrast the GNU General Public License is intended to guarantee your freedom to share and change free software to make sure the software is free for all its users This General Public License applies to most of the Free Software Foundation s software and to any other program whose authors commit to using it Some other Free Software Foundation software is covered by the GNU Lesser General Public License instead You can apply it to your programs too When we speak of free software we are referring to freedom not price Our General Public Licenses are designed to make sure that you have the freedom to distribute copies of free software and charge for this service if you wish that you receive source code or can get it 1f you want it that you can change the software or use pieces of it in new free programs and that you know you can do these things To protect your rights we need to make restrictions that forbid anyone to deny you these rights or to ask you to surrender th
161. working protocols like ping telnet and tp is required Unpack and check all the items using the shipment packing list Contact the factory if anything is missing or damaged The Tycho shipment typically contains Tycho part 3021 0001 000 or 3021 variant Tycho GPS User Manual part USM3021 0000 000 on CD part 5102 0001 000 EC 320 AC Power Cord part 0501 0003 000 This part will not be present if using the DC power option DB9F to DB9F Null Modem Serial I O Cable part 0501 0002 000 RJ 45 to RJ 45 CAT 5 patch cable 2 meters part 0501 0000 000 Antenna cable assembly part 0610 0009 001 or 0610 variant 3 Tycho GPS User Manual Tycho Physical Description CHAPTER TWO TECHNOLOGIES Tycho GPS Frequency Reference Sa e Sync LED This green LED flashes to indicate synchronization status Network LED This amber LED illuminates when the Tycho is connected to the network and flashes when receiving or transmitting packets Alarm LED This red LED illuminates briefly at power up and thereafter whenever a serious fault condition exists ese Ds ves FN 20 QQ Antenna Jack RS 232 Connector 10 100Base T Jack 1PPS Jack AM Code Jack Alarm Jack Option This TNC connector mates with the downlead cable from the external antenna This DB 9M connector provides the RS 232 serial I O conso
162. wser should display the Lock icon indicat ing that the page is protected by SSL To maximize security you should replace the SSL Certificate See Appendix D Security HTTP for details Below is a picture of the login page Smarter Timing Solutions noKun TECHNOLOGIES Receiver Network Firmware Tycho GPS Freguency Reference Login first Navigation The main menu tabs across the top of each webpage allow you to navigate through the status infor mation in the Tycho while links on the lefthand side of each webpage provide subcategory naviga tion BR Tycho GPS User Manual Page Descriptions HTTP INTERFACE For example in the page below the main menu tabs are Home Receiver Clock I O Faults Net work and Firmware The subcategory links on this particular page are IPv4 IPv6 and DNS IPv4 is selected Smarter Timing Solutions nonun TECHNOLOGIES Home Receiver Faults Network Firmware Tycho GPS Frequency Reference IPv4 NETWORK STATUS IPv4 DHCP Disabled static IP address IPv6 Address 192 168 1 135 Gateway 192 168 1 1 Netmask 255 255 255 0 The top hand tabs and left side links are logically arranged for easy navigation The following table defines this relationship Tab Clock ClockStatas _____ EA IPv4 Network Status IPv4 IPv6 DNS Firmware Information Firmware Status Linux Subsystem Upgrade GPS Subsystem Upgrade Reboot Hom
163. y The HTTP Interface will not start if this is configured incorrectly The following picture shows the Linux Subsystem RFS Upgrade page All fields are filled in with default values to download the appropriate software image from the EndRun Technologies website You can use these default values unless you want to point to a different FTP server 61 Tycho GPS User Manval APPENDIX B EndRun Smarter Timing Solutions TECHNOLOGIES Home Receiver Faults Network Firmware Tycho GPS Frequency Reference Upgrade from a FTP server NTP Subsystem Upgrade File Name GPS Subsystem Upgrade Reboot 6010 0044 000 gz FTP Server Name endruntechnologies com FTP Login Name anonymous FTP Login Password VourPassword SUBMIT 2 If your Tycho does not have access to the internet you must first download the appropriate files from the endruntechnologies com website to the computer that you will be using later to access the Tycho via its HTTP interface Use the link shown above to get the files After saving the files use the Tycho HTTP interface to select the previously saved files for upload to the Tycho One for the Linux Subsystem and the other for the GPS Subsystem Then follow the remaining prompts from the HTTP interface to complete the upgrades You will need to authenticate the root user name and password Upgrade from a local file that was previously downloaded from endruntechnologies com

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