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Submersible Ultraviolet Nitrate Analyzer (SUNA) - Sea

1. 45 000 40 000 Light Data Range cL Dark Data Range gt 2 1 Puta check in the box next to either or both the Wavelength Axis or the Range Axis to enable the Zoom In or Zoom Out options The user can change the values for the axis with a check in the box 2 Push Select Sensors either in the Time Series graph or in the Real Time Display tab to select the parameters to see on the graph 3 Push Configure to put a limit on or to remove the limit to the Time Axis Range 2 5 2 Monitor data in time series graph The Time Series graph shows the nitrate concentration and any selected optional values Use this graph to replay data that is stored in the sensor 14 Operation Spectra SUNAO166 x Time Series SUNAO166 x Total Absorbance SUNAO166 x gt f ol G Zoom In C Zoom Out Auto Range v Time Axis J Range Axis Select Sensors Configure Time Series SA p uu e ELE 0 025 0 020 0 015 3 0010 0 005 0 000 0 06 0 05 0 04 a w 0 03 0 02 0 01 0 00 22 18 45 22 18 50 22 18 55 22 19 00 22 19 05 22 19 10 22 19 15 22 19 20 22 19 25 22 19 30 22 19 35 22 19 40 22 19 45 Time UTC Nitrate ABS 254 ABS 350 1 Puta check in the box next to either or both the Time Axis or the Range Axis to enable the Zoom In or Zoom Out options 2 Push Select Sensors either in the Spectra graph or in the Real Time Display tab to select the parame
2. Electrical equipment that is marked with this symbol may not be disposed of in European public disposal systems In conformity with EU Directive 2002 96 EC European electrical equipment users must return old or end of life equipment to the manufacturer for disposal at no charge to the user To recycle please contact the manufacturer for instructions on how to return end of life equipment manufacturer supplied electrical accessories and auxiliary items for proper disposal 53 General information 54 Sea Bird Coastal 13431 NE 20th Street Bellevue WA 98005 U S A sales 425 401 7653 support 425 401 7654 support sea birdcoastal com www sea birdcoastal com O Satlantic Inc 2012 All rights reserved Printed in USA
3. There should be a small quantity of lubricant pushed to the sides of the connectors 8 Clean the unwanted lubricant from the sides of the connectors The connectors are now lubricated and the connection is waterproof 3 3 Update reference spectrum The user needs to update the reference spectrum of the SUNA at regular intervals so that the data that the sensor collects is accurate It may also be necessary to update the firmware although that is not required very frequently A calibration file contains the data required to convert a spectral measurement into a nitrate concentration The calibration data are the wavelengths of the spectrum the extinction coefficients of chemical species and a reference spectrum relative to which the measurement is interpreted The sensor can store many calibration files but only the active file has a green background Push Transfer Files gt File Manager then select the Calibration Files tab to see the list of calibration files stored in the sensor Make sure to clean the sensor and the sensor windows at regular intervals and before and after every deployment Monitor the spectral intensity of the lamp Although the intensity will decrease over time make sure there are no sudden changes 18 Maintenance Necessary supplies Power supply PC with software Connector cable for sensor PC power supply Clean de ionized DI water Lint free tissues Cotton swabs Isopropyl alcohol IPA Parafilm
4. By File Size e By File Size The software makes a new file when the data file in use gets to the user selected maximum size The file name starts with C Continuous file e By Sample Event The software makes a new file when data collection starts for the first time after the power has been turned off then on The manufacturer recommends that the user select this for testing only Use of this setting can result in so many stored files that the sensor operates slowly or incorrectly The file name starts with A Acquisition file Daily All data that is collected during a calendar day is put into a single file This file name is a seven digit number that is the year and the day of the year for example D2015142 csv The file name starts with D Date stamped file The default Maximum File Size is 2 MB when the Mode of Operation is set to Continuous It is user selected from 1 65 MB The Daily and Sample Event files contain all of the data that is collected during the day or during one cycle of operation 4 1 1 1 File types The sensor uses three types of files e Data either ASCII csv or binary bin e Calibration reference spectrum updates from the manufacturer cal e Log information about the sensor log Table3 Information in data files Data type Full ASCII Full Binary Header and serial number N A S 24 Reference Table 3 Information in data files continued 5
5. Go to the seabird coastal com web site to get the current firmware for the sensor Save the firmware to the PC The firmware is an sfw file 2 Make sure that the sensor is connected to the PC and a power supply pa Start a terminal program such as Putty HyperTerminal or Tera Term The steps below use Tera Term as an example Adjust the baud rate to 57600 Turn the power supply on Type the command to see the SUNA gt prompt u 0 d Type the upgrade command then push Enter to see the SATBLDR gt prompt rs COM3 57600baud Tera Term VT File Edit Setup Control Window Help 2615 02 09 19 57 37 vMainNitratels 2615 02 89 19 57 39 vMainNitratel 2815 02 09 19 57 41 vMainMitrateT Satlantic Serial Hoot loader Uersion 3 2 8 Type w then push Enter 9 Goto the File menu then select Transfer gt XMODEM Send Duplicate session Alt D Cygwin connection Alt G Log Comment to Log View Log Snow Log dialog Send file SSH SCP Receive Change dire EE pe A YMODEM gt Replay Log ZMODEM gt RE B Plus gt TTY Record Quick VAN gt TTY Replay 10 Select the downloaded firmware in the new window and push Open The firmware is sent to the sensor 41 Reference pal Tera Term XMODEM Send Look in Desktop Q Jl rmi Name M Size M Item type aj L Ba New WETLabs MRP 2 KB Shortcut Sy OS C 1KB Shortcut A Pro
6. Time Series Pe SEL CUN _ 4 0 Lue LA 0 00 r r u i 22 18 45 22 18 50 22 18 55 22 19 00 22 19 05 22 19 10 22 19 15 22 19 20 22 19 25 22 19 30 22 19 35 22 19 40 22 19 46 Time UTC Nitrate ABS 254 ABS_350 Put a check in the box next to Time Axis to push Zoom In and Zoom Out to change the scale of time Put a check in the box next to Range Axis to push Zoom In and Zoom Out to change the scale of the data 13 Operation e To move the data in any direction push the Ctrl key on the PC keyboard and the left button of the mouse pointer at the same time e To select a specific part of the data to zoom in on pull the mouse pointer diagonally refer to the arrow in the graph below Time Series 2 5 20 er 2 5 5 0 0 015 0010 m 0 005 0 000 Lc ccc MEE EE E ee 0 04 0 03 a nn 2 5 1 Monitor data in spectra graph The Spectra graph shows both the dark and light data in raw counts The dark counts are from thermal noise The light counts are the measured output minus the dark counts The measured spectrum is always flat below 200 nm and then has four or five peaks The peaks are approximately 25 nm apart in the lower wavelength range and up to 50 nm apart in the upper range Spectra SUNAD166 x Time Series SUNA0166 x Total Absorbance SUNAO166 x vnl Zoom In Q Zoom Out Auto Range Iv Wavelength Axis T Range Axis Configure Spectra
7. because it is much faster 3 Push the lt arrow to start the move The status shows at the bottom of the File Manager window 4 Open the file on the PC to make sure it has all of the collected data 16 Section 3 Maintenance 3 1 Sensor maintenance Although the sensor is built for deployment in severe conditions it is important to clean the sensor before each deployment and weekly if deployed frequently or monthly to prevent fouling After every deployment Attach a clean and lubricated dummy plug and a lock collar to the sensor Rinse the sensor with fresh clean water Flush the optical area with fresh clean water AUU MPS Dry the sensor Use a soft towel or blow with air 5 Put the sensor in the manufacturer supplied case for transport or storage 3 2 Maintenance for bulkhead connectors and cables If the user thinks that a sensor has water in the pressure housing Put on safety glasses and make sure that the sensor is pointed away from the body Use the purge port if the sensor is so equipped or very SLOWLY loosen a bulkhead connector to allow the pressure to escape OM Wf OF Connectors that have corrosion can cause a loss of data and increase the costs for service Connectors that have corrosion can cause irreparable damage to the sensor Do not use cleaners that contain petroleum or ketones Do not use the cable to lift the sensor The cable cable splices and bulkhead connectors can be damaged
8. it is turned off raw data can be processed even when the checksum values have changed after data is collected e The default Fitting Range is 216 5 240 nm If the wavelength is shorter seawater typically causes extinction and a poor signal to noise ratio If the wavelength is longer non characterized materials can be absorbed which causes a bias in the processed concentrations e The default Max Absorbance Threshold is 1 3 The precision of the measured absorbance starts to decline at this value At 2 5 absorbance units the precision is at the noise floor The precision of the processed data is better when the low quality parts of the fitting range are not processed e The default Seawater Calibration has no check in the box at Deployed in Fresh Water Put a check in this box if the sensor was calibrated for seawater but deployed 33 Reference in fresh water Data that was collected in seawater with a check in the Deployed in Fresh Water box gives incorrect nitrate concentrations Temperature and salinity correction 2 Temperature amp Salinity Correction C CTD Data from SUNA APF Mode Frames Data from External File External File Browse No Data Time Offset sec o0000 e The default Activate Temperature Salinity Correction has no check in the box Put a check in this box to add temperature and salinity correction information e Temperature and Salinity Correction is available if the se
9. program supply power to the sensor and type then Enter three or more times A prompt from the sensor shows Check the cable for continuity Refer to the sensor specifications for connector functions Check the power consumption Use a power supply with an accurate digital current indicator current gt 500 mA at 12V sensor is in data collection mode Put a piece of white paper into the optical area and make sure that there is a blue spot If there is not the sensor may be in an unknown mode or there is a system failure current gt 5 mA sensor is in standby mode and gives a result over the RS232 input current gt 100 uA sensor is not in operation Contact Customer Support 5 2 SUNA operation troubleshooting Possible problem Possible solution Self test fails for internal Monitor the sensor and do a sensor self test at regular intervals Make sure that the humidity sensor is not attached to any frame so tightly that the pressure housing is out of round Self test fails for low spectrum Clean the optical windows with a low lint swab or tissue and isopropyl alcohol average or high dark counts The average value in DI water is within specifications shown below Dark spectrum 500 1000 counts with a standard deviation of no more than 12 counts Maximum light spectrum no more than 55000 with no more than 60 count standard deviation Average light spectrum approximately 10000 15000 counts with ranges to at least 2
10. 583 575 568 561 573 576 577 585 575 573 575 575 580 577 578 577 580 582 581 576 583 573 571 577 573 568 575 574 579 582 573 579 567 582 579 577 581 584 580 574 583 571 579 589 570 579 568 579 575 580 584 574 583 580 570 573 572 580 573 572 578 563 596 582 583 576 571 585 574 578 581 569 582 571 583 575 583 584 579 583 571 585 594 578 583 576 586 576 569 581 572 582 570 577 581 570 588 573 580 570 571 591 567 586 583 574 589 569 580 581 583 583 573 584 567 581 580 564 586 576 581 572 567 589 564 585 562 584 579 573 583 567 567 585 569 589 576 578 575 580 576 578 576 569 586 584 577 581 569 578 577 573 588 569 585 588 567 584 571 587 581 578 587 583 581 568 574 578 567 585 573 579 577 581 567 564 23 2 1 2 1 2 8151 45 5 bua a BR A tes eames eee Obes sees di 213 DE 5 SUNA gt b Go to Setup then Serial Port c If necessary change the baud rate to 57600 Push OK Tera Term Serial port setup E x M CE Baud rate 57600 y Data abit gt Cancel Parity hone y Stop bit y Help Flow control hone Transmit delay lo msecichar lo mseciline 38 Reference 4 Turn on the power supply 5 Sendone or more commands to the sensor to see a prompt at the command line The sensor shows SUNA gt when it is ready to accept commands 6 Type get opermode to see the current mode of operation for the sensor The default value is Fixed Time It shows as fixedtime Refer to Da
11. Additional Measurement aM1 Additional Measurement and Request CRC aMC1 Additional Concurrent Measurement aC1 Additional Concurrent Measurement and Request CRC aCC1 Response atttn lt CR gt lt LF gt atttnn lt CR gt lt LF gt Purpose starts a measurement starts a concurrent measurement EMEN ttt measurement time in seconds The sensor typically responds in less than 30 seconds n or nn The number of measurement values the sensor makes and returns after subsequent Send Data commands Value 7 Example 00067 CR LF measurement 000607 lt CR gt lt LF gt concurrent measurement where 00067 is the address 0 the measurement time 006 and the number of measurements 7 Example output from the controller 00067 lt CR gt lt LF gt 0 22 7 22 5 141779 46 8 lt CR gt lt LF gt 0 12 0 5 0 14 0 lt CR gt lt LF gt Example output from the controller for the seven values Example output values in parentheses lamp temperature C 22 7 spectrometer temperature C 22 5 lamp time seconds 141779 relative humidity 46 8 internal voltage V 12 0 regulated voltage V 5 0 supplied voltage V 14 0 Additional Measurements aM2 Additional Measurements and Request CRC aMC2 Additional Concurrent Measurement aC2 Additional Concurrent Measurement and Request CRC aCC2 Response atttn lt CR gt lt LF gt atttnn lt CR gt lt LF gt Purpose starts a measurement starts a concurrent measurement
12. Mee mae je DEN CIN RN ZR e emeren 2 8 AF eme A 25 Reference 4 1 2 Continuous and fixed time operation SUNA Settings E x General Telemetry Advanced Operational Mode id Continuous Operational Mode Settings Frame Based Operation Time Based Operation Frame Cycle 20 light frames 10 dark frames r Sample Averaging Number of Measurements to Average 10 Deployment Characteristics Estimated Frame Rate 0 1653 frames sec Wiper Settings Integrated Wiper Enabled SUNA Messages Logging Level INFO m Maximum Log File Size p MB Upload cancel Default Help SUNA Settings E x General Telemetry Advanced Operational Mode Fixed Time Mode Settings Fixed Acquisition Time 60 sec Frame Based Operation C Time Based Operation Frame Cycle 20 light frames 10 dark frames r Sample Averaging Number of Measurements to Average 10 r Deployment Characteristics Estimated Frame Rate 0 1653 frames sec r Wiper Settings Integrated Wiper Enabled r SUNA Messages Logging Level INFO v Maximum Log File Size la MB Upload cancei_ Default Help The sensor must regularly collect a dark spectrum measurement so that it has a baseline correction for changes in time or drift in the output of the spectrometer The user can set up the sensor to collect a dark spectrum measurement on a ti
13. and cannot be reprocessed 1 2 32 Start the software Go to the Data menu then select SUNA then Reprocess Data Reference Reprocessing Dashboard xel r Nitrate Processing Settings Instrument Package c Users hvanzee AppData Roaming Sea Bird Coastal UCI 1 0 SUNA_0166_001 xml Browse Calibration File Browse Y Processing Settings Nitrate Data Files Browse C SUNA A0000048 CSV Y Temperature amp Salinity Correction Output Data Files Output Directory C SUNA _ Browse Single Output File IV Graph Results a Process Selected File s The Reprocessing Dashboard shows 3 Push Browse to find the package file the reference file and the data file required to reprocess the data 4 Processing Settings are set by the manufacturer and usually do not need to be changed 5 Push Process Selected File s The software starts to reprocess the data 4 1 8 3 1 Nitrate reprocessing details Settings in Processing Settings and the Temperature amp Salinity Correction areas do not show until selected by the user The user can change these settings as necessary to get better quality data Processing settings B Processing Settings IV Enable Raw Data Checksum Validation Fitting Range 216 5 I 240 0 nm Max Absorbance Threshold 1 3 r Seawater Calibration T Deployed in Fresh Water e The default Enable Raw Data Checksum Validation is on with a check in the box If
14. for the sensor Refer to Update reference spectrum on page 18 for more information 1 Find the two files to compare Reference File Manager ES Data Files Log Files Calibration Files r Local Filesystem Instrument Filesystem C aSBCUserManuals SUNA Browse 2012 11 07 17 39 22 2012 11 13 16 11 00 2013 01 07 20 31 16 15616 CAL 2013 01 14 18 53 20 15488 CAL 2013 01 18 19 54 02 15360 CAL SNA0166A CAL 2015 03 02 19 58 46 15418 CAL SNA0166P cal E 2015 03 02 19 46 47 15830 2013 01 18 19 56 46 15616 CAL 2013 08 09 11 21 26 15744 CAL 2013 08 20 19 40 28 15744 CAL gt 2014 11 13 16 56 36 15872 CAL 2014 11 13 17 53 36 15872 CAL 2015 01 13 18 51 48 13952 CAL Se 2015 02 23 18 57 30 15616 CAL 2015 02 23 19 08 56 15616 CAL 2015 02 23 19 43 36 15744 CAL 2015 02 23 20 26 52 15744 CAL y 2015 03 02 19 46 58 15872 CAL Select All De Refresh Select All Delete Set Active Push Transfer Files in the SUNA Dashboard area Select the Calibration Files tab Select the first file under Instrument filesystem Select the directory in the Local filesystem to save the file in Push the to move the first file Do steps d and e to move the second file Push Close a b c d e f g Note that the date of the files changes to the current date 2 Select the Data SUNA Compare Calibration menu Push Browse to find to the first reference or calibration file on the PC to
15. gt or aQ lt CRC gt lt CR gt lt LF gt 4 3 Terminal program The user can communicate with the sensor through the manufacturer supplied software or by use of a terminal program through the serial port on a PC Examples of terminal programs include Putty Tera Term and Bray s Terminal When power is supplied to the sensor the sensor goes into a low power standby mode Any activity on the input line puts the sensor to the SUNA gt command interface within three seconds The sensor returns to low power standby after a user selected period of time with no communication 1 Connect the serial cable to the sensor and the PC 2 Connect the serial cable to an 8 15 VDC 1 A minimum power supply 3 Start a terminal program a Setup the communication values if necessary 8 bit no parity 1 stop bit no flow control COM3 57600baud Tera Term VT Fie Edit Setup Control Window Help 3 574 588 567 586 573 579 589 575 585 579 578 582 574 601 564 579 574 573 593 56 5 585 573 571 585 561 589 576 582 572 573 597 578 589 577 571 578 573 583 571 57 6 592 558 582 570 581 587 566 583 571 581 583 569 595 564 583 578 573 591 566 59 4 567 583 585 570 598 561 574 577 569 577 569 585 566 572 597 561 579 569 572 59 583 571 583 566 586 583 578 581 567 586 569 579 577 571 581 571 587 578 585 581 567 581 581 578 590 570 581 577 578 579 573 586 578 581 567 575 580 580 575 578 577 567 567 581 573 574 571 567 577 569 580 573 583 580 569 586 567 573
16. of the sensor is compromised in optically dense conditions which transmit less light than necessary for the regression analysis As the optical density increases the quality of the measurement signal to noise decreases The accuracy and precision of the nitrate concentration measurements decrease as the quality of the data decreases High optical densities are frequently caused by CDOM or turbidity in the water sample 4 5 3 Sample temperature Seawater has a temperature dependent absorption rate Make sure to consider this so that imprecision does not affect the nitrate concentration that is measured To mitigate this effect use the sample temperature and salinity values in the nitrate calculation in the host software for post processing Note that spectra and related temperature and salinity 44 Reference data is necessary The temperature salinity correction comes from MBARI cf Carole M Sakamoto Kenneth S Johnson and Luke Coletti Limnol Oceanogr Methods 7 2009 4 5 4 Identification of interfering species The effect of turbidity and CDOM on the measured nitrate concentration was calculated in the laboratory Turbidity sample NTU per Absorbance at NO change uM in NO change uM in mg L 225 nm 10 mm freshwater per mg L seawater per mg L per mg L Arizona Road Dust ARD 0 0016 0 002 2 8 e 5 0 01 1 4 e 4 Kaolin powder 0 0085 lt 0 001 1 4 e 5 0 02 2 8 e 4 Titanium dioxide TiO 0 0090 lt 0 0
17. the concentration of CDOM alone cannot predict the magnitude of the bias Quantification and Correction of CDOM Impact Under ideal conditions CDOM would be isolated from all other absorbers and its absorbing properties identified in isolation A more realistic approach is to independently find the content nitrate salinity CDOM of a number of water samples if CDOM is stable over time and calculate the CDOM induced bias on the nitrate concentration FDOM Fluorescent Dissolved Organic Matter is a subset of Colored DOM and can be used as a proxy for CDOM if the composition is stable over time Most FDOM sensors use a 370 nm excitation source that targets more humic substances and may not represent absorption in the nitrate range 220 nm Absorption The data output of the SUNA V2 is the absorption at 350 nm and 254 nm A350 and A254 These wavelengths are outside the nitrate absorption range and can be used to make an estimate of the impact of CDOM If absorption is high 21 3 AU the SUNA will not be able to collect adequate light to make a measurement 46 Reference RMSE The root mean square error parameter from the SUNA V2 can be used to make an estimate of how well the nitrate spectral fit is This should usually be less than 1E 3 If it is higher there is spectral shape likely due to CDOM that adversely impacts the nitrate estimate Pathlength SUNA V2 comes in both a 10 mm and a 5 mm pathlength version Because absorba
18. the connected sensor Put a check in the Try All Baud Rates box The software automatically finds the correct baud rate A AA 8 If necessary select the communication port Operation xl x Instrument Type suna x Instrument Type HydrocAT bd Baud Rate 57600 Baud Rate 19200 m Iv Try All Baud Rates Iv Try All Baud Rates a r Port coms 9 Push Connect The Connection Mode shows Transition on a yellow background and then shows Setup on a green background Connection Mode SAA 10 Push SUNA Settings in the SUNA Dashboard area Make sure that the Operational Mode at the top of the new window is Continuous Connection Mode Semp OS Connection Status Connected COM3 Available Lamp Time 998 hours 100 Available Disk Space 3 459 MB 92 SUNA Clock Time 28 Jan 2015 10 53 33 UTC SUNA Serial Number 46 PW Rev 2 3 2 Y Transfer Files SUNA Settings Y Wipe Now Reference Update WM Command Termi Replay Logged Date 11 Push Start in the SUNA Dashboard area The sensor collects data that shows in the Spectra Graph and Time Series Graph tabs 12 For sensors that are not equipped with internal memory Select the View menu then Data Logging Push Start Log to save data to the PC 13 Let the sensor collect data for a minute or two 14 Push Stop 15 Make sure that the collected data is saved e Sensors with internal memory select Transfer Files in the
19. the data collection site If the data from the sensor does not agree with grab samples but shows good performance the site may not be representative of conditions or the water is not well mixed Data collection rate is very slow Check if the internal memory is on Data collection starts after approximately 5 seconds Check if the adaptive integration is on Data collection starts after approximately 500 milliseconds 20 x integration period Nitrate values are not stable e Check that the optical area is not blocked with debris e Check that the wiper functions correctly e Clean and dry the optical area 50 Troubleshooting Possible problem Possible solution Nitrate value are frequently 1 or Check that the lamp intensity is sufficient Measure the spectrum in DI or tap water NAN Maximum output is gt 10000 For best case gt 30000 Check the data if the maximum is lt 1000 and the lamp intensity is sufficient the water sample is optically dense SELFTEST alert for lamp intensity Check the sensor for high internal humidity Do a selftest or high humidity if humidity is gt 50 the sensor may have a leak Contact Customer Support if humdity is gt 30 the sensor is probably ok Contact Customer Support 51 Troubleshooting 52 Section 6 6 1 Warranty General information Revised editions of this user manual are on the manufacturer s website This sensor is warranted against defe
20. 0000 counts An average value of 10000 may mean that the optical windows are dirty or stained or that the lamp is degraded Baseline drift Check if the lamp is degraded Apply drift corrections if the rate is approximately 0 004 mgN L per hour of lamp on time Wiper does not operate correctly Make sure that there is a check in the box for Integrated Wiper Enabled in the General tab of the Settings tab of the software Check the alignment of the wiper brushes and make sure that the wiper is not bent If the wiper is from another manufacturer check that the battery contacts are functional Contact Customer Support for further help 49 Troubleshooting 5 3 SUNA communication troubleshooting Possible problem Possible solution Collected data is different from transmitted data Check the clock settings in the sensor Make sure that there is no extra averaging or data collection in the setup Check the data output settings Problems with sensor to A Make sure that the sensor PC cable is connected correctly software communication Make sure the current software and firmware are installed Self test fails to complete Make sure that the sensor has an external power source external power is necessary to turn on the lamp 5 4 SUNA warnings and error messages Possible problem Possible solution Data warnings and error Contact Customer Support If possible have the information listed below messages e screensh
21. 01 1 4 e 5 lt 0 001 1 4 e 5 CDOM sample QSD per mg L Absorbance at NO change uM in NO change uM in particle 225 nm 10 mm per seawater per mg L seawater per mg L mg L particle particle particle Pony Lake Fulvic Acid N A 0 017 0 4 5 6 e 3 0 6 8 4 e 3 reference 1R109F Suwannee River Fulvic Acid N A 0 027 lt 0 1 1 4 e 3 lt 0 1 1 4 e 3 standard 15101F Pahokee Peat Humic Acid 42 0 003 lt 0 01 1 4 e 4 lt 0 1 1 4 e 3 reference 1R103H 2 An interfering species causes an incorrect nitrate concentration when its spectral characteristics are almost the same as nitrate The RMSE value is the square root of the mean of the sum of the squared differences between the measured and the fitted absorbance The RMSE is a measure of the quality of the fit Independent measurements of turbidity and CDOM and an analysis of the absorption spectrum help the impact analysis 4 5 5 Sensor function The lamp and other optical components in the sensor change with time This causes nitrate measurements to change or drift Do regular updates to the reference or baseline spectrum to minimize this change The output of the lamp is related to it temperature The manufacturer recommends that the user collect the reference baseline spectrum in conditions that are almost the same as a deployment 45 Reference 4 6 CDOM absorption Figure 4 Fulvic acid mg l Note that the CDOM spectral shape overlaps with the nitrat
22. 200 available Communication interface RS232 USB and SDI 12 optional Data storage 2 GB optional 1 3 Optical O Spectral range 190 370 nm Light source UV deuterium lamp 900 hr lifetime 1 4 Analytical 1 4 1 Nitrate measurement accuracy E S D Seawater and fresh wat pathle ERES Concentration Seawater and fresh water calibrations 5 mm range pathlength er calibrations 10 mm ngth 2 uM 0 028 mgN L 2 5 uM 0 035 mgN L 4 uM 0 056 mgN L 4 5 uM 0 063 mgNIL up to 1000 uM 10 20 10 20 14 mgN L up to 2000 uM 15 25 15 25 28 mgN L up to 3000 uM 20 30 15 25 42 mgN L up to 4000 uM 25 0 056 mgN L e The specified accuracy is best accuracy or a percentage whichever is more e Asensor specific calibration uses extinction coefficients from the sensor itself e Aclass based calibration uses extinction coefficients that are the average of many Sensors Specifications 1 4 2 Nitrate measurement precision NN AAN A Processing configuration Seawater or fresh water with T S Seawater 0 40 psu correction Short term precision 3 sigma and limit of detection 0 3 uM 0 004 mgN L 2 4 uM 0 034 mgN L Change drift per hour of lamp time lt 0 3 uM 0 004 mgN L lt 1 0 uM 0 014 mgN L Limit of quantification 1 0 uM 0 014 mgN L 8 0 uM 0 112 mgN L Section 2 2 1 Operation Install software The Universal Coastal Interface
23. 7 05_raw 2015 01 28 19 20 2417 CSV SUNA 0468_2015 01 28_13 32 28_raw 2015 01 28 21 32 33528 CSV SUNA 0468_2015 01 28_13 35 14_raw 2015 01 28 21 35 31193 CSV x E 2014 08 22 16 06 C0000300 CSV 2014 08 22 16 19 32 1046607 CSV C0000301 CSV 2014 08 22 16 32 44 1046576 CSV C0000302 CSV 2014 08 22 16 45 56 1046603 CSV C0000303 CSV 2014 08 22 16 59 08 1046649 CSV C0000304 CSV 2014 08 22 17 12 20 1046634 CSV C0000305 CSV 2014 11 18 12 46 12 1046725 CSV C0000312 CSV 2015 01 26 16 19 26 1047674 CSV C0000313 CSV 2015 01 26 16 33 30 1047264 CSV C0000314 CSV 2015 01 26 16 47 34 1047290 CSV C0000315 CSV 2015 01 26 17 34 30 1047030 CSV C0000316 CSV 2015 01 27 16 53 46 1047602 CSV 2015 01 28 10 52 54 1046896 CSV 2015 01 28 18 35 18 1047290 CSV 2015 02 09 12 20 58 1047018 CSV Ea ST gt 2015 02 10 18 27 38 Select All Delete Refresh Select All Delete SUNA 0468_2015 01 28_13 35 44_raw 2015 01 28 21 36 38331 CSV SUNA 0468_2015 01 28_13 36 14_raw 2015 01 28 21 36 39553 CSV E SUNA 0468_2015 01 28_13 36 44_raw 2015 01 28 21 37 38357 CSV SUNA 0468_2015 01 28_13 37 14_raw 2015 01 28 21 37 38147 CSV SUNA 0468_2015 01 28_13 37 44_raw 2015 01 28 21 38 24025 CSV C0000320 CSV 2015 02 10 21 31 88722 CSV son Co ter 2 Select one or more files to copy to the PC The manufacturer recommends that the user use a USB connection to move the files
24. Attach cleaned and lubricated dummy connectors to the sensor immediately after each deployment to prevent the bulkhead connector from damage Do not connect or disconnect connectors under water Examine clean and lubricate bulkhead connectors each time they are connected Connectors that are not lubricated cause wear and tear on the rubber that seals the connector contacts 1 Clean the connector contacts with isopropyl alcohol Apply as a spray or with a nylon brush or lint free swabs or wipes 2 Flush the contacts with de ionized or distilled water Use a wash bottle with a nozzle to flush inside the sockets 3 Shake the socket ends and wipe the pins of the connectors to remove water 4 Examine the sockets and the rubber on the pins to make sure there are no problems a Use a flashlight and magnifying glass b Look for cracks frayed scores and delamination of the rubber on the pins and inside the sockets 17 Maintenance Table 1 Examples of damaged connectors Corroded connector Damaged contact Damaged socket face 5 Use a finger to place a small quantity approximately 1 5 cm in diameter of Dow Corning 4 Electrical Insulating Compound on the socket end of the connector Table 2 Lubricant on connector sockets Lubricant on socket end of the connector Lubricant pushed into the sockets of the connector 6 Use a finger to push as much of the lubricant as possible into the sockets 7 Connect the connectors
25. C 3 Puta check in the boxes next to the parameters to convert from binary to ASCII 30 Reference Convert Raw Data Files to ASCII D x r Sensors to Output Instrument Package File SUNA0166 El iL SUNAO166 Raw Data Files Browse Converted Data Files Options Output Directory Browse C Users hvanzee Desktop OK Cancel Help 4 Select the data file to process in the Raw Data Files area 5 If necessary change the Output Directory in the Converted Data Files area Push Options to look at the settings to convert files Conversion Options E E x Cunversion Type Culpul Fornal Oulzul Field Deli niler BETTE Flualing Puiril Curve si n Type Decimal y Floatinc Point Precision Eo a l Output Bara leader Information tise satlantic nata Logger Time Stamps Suppress Nurnumetical Oulpul Velues 7 Output Frame Time Stamps Hexcedma Output Valias F Oulpul Frames wilh Sensor Curve sion Er urs Format Frame Time Stamps Single Output File per Frerne Definition i s e eor Errcr Checking Frame Counter if availeble 4 Check Sum 1 available oc Gen o 6 Push OK The converted file shows in a new tab in the software It is also saved on the PC in the directory selected above 4 1 8 2 Replay logged data Use Replay Logged Data to look at graphs of the selected data Data shows in the Time Series the Spectra and the Total Absorbance if selected
26. CI 1 0 0 Setup b Ee E Completing the UCI 1 0 0 Setup Wizard WARNING Ensure SUNA is not connected to a USB port when installing the Satlantic USB Serial Driver The driver will fail to operate if is is installed while SUNA is L IN VE RSAL connected C OA 5 TA L V Install Satlantic USB Serial Driver INTERFACE V Show Readme SEA BIRD COASTAL The software is ready to use 2 2 Verify sensor operation Nitrate sensors use an ultraviolet UV light Do not look directly at a UV light when it is on It can damage the eyes Keep products that have UV light away from children pets and other living organisms Wear polycarbonate UV resistant safety glasses to protect the eyes when a UV light is on Do not supply more than 15 VDC to the sensor More than 15 VDC will damage the wiper Do the steps below to make sure that the sensor operates before further setup and deployment 1 Connect the connectors on the cable to the bulkhead connector on the sensor and to the PC 2 Connect the USB or RS232 cable to the PC For RS232 connect the power connectors on the cable to a 8 15 VDC power supply For USB a DC power supply is only necessary for data collection If the sensor is equipped with internal memory the file system will show as a USB mass storage device on the PC If necessary start the software RS232 turn on the power supply Push Connect in the UCI Dashboard area If necessary change the Sensor Type to
27. L The SUNA V2 does not display milligrams of nitrate per liter mg L or mgNOx L 43 Reference 4 4 3 Nitrate concentration Nitrate processing uses the 217 240 nm wavelength range which contains approximately 35 spectrometer channels The precision of the nitrate concentration is related to the number of absorbers into which the measured absorbance is decomposed High absorbance conditions introduce inaccuracies into the nitrate concentrations Channels with an absorbance of more than 1 3 are not included in the processing If less than approximately 10 channels remain the sensor cannot give a nitrate concentration The user can increase the absorbance cutoff and get decreased accuracy nitrate concentration at higher absorbances 4 4 4 Description of adaptive sampling The SUNA V2 has a 256 channel spectrometer that integrates for a specific length of time usually 300 500 ms to maximize the signal while it collects data When the sensor does a measurement the spectrograph collects UV light for the length of the integration period In optically dense waters with high turbidity or CDOM very little UV light is transmitted through the water so the spectrometer sees a much lower signal The SUNA V2 automatically increases the integration period to compensate for the low light so the sensor collects a strong signal in extreme environmental conditions 4 4 5 Sensor calibration from manufacturer Sensors come from the manufacturer
28. M Alter COCCHI ALON eures 44 4 4 4 Description of adaptive SAMPIING cccceccesecsseceeeceeeceeeeseeeeeeseeesseeseeeteeteeeteeetaeenseenaes 44 4 4 5 Sensor calibration from manufacturer ccoocccoccconcconiconoconoconnconconnnnonnnonnnnnnnnnoncnoncncnnncnonnns 44 Table of Contents 4 5 Interfererices and mitlgaltlon comanda 44 4 5 1 Uncharacterized species in SaMple occooccoccoccconccccconoococanoncncanoonnnnnnnnoannnnnnnnnanonancnnnnns 44 4 5 2 Optically dense CONStItUEnNTS ooocccocnococccoonccnonocanicnnnononconononanonnnnnonnnonanonannnnanonnrnnnanenas 44 4 5 9 Sample TEMPS FALUN us secet urat la 44 4 5 4 Identification of interfering Species oocccccnccocncoccccoonnccnnnnonnonnononnnonnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnonanonannss 45 Eo Sensor UN eio DE m m LERNEN 45 2 60 e Bg APSO PION PR RTT Em 46 4 C OD UO al CUI Me hb ess eue meni cocoa pu te eir Ru UEM d bred d vetu an 47 d oL WIDE und usta atem een ae ene MEE A ME M DA M ELO MEE ee ee ee ee 47 4 7 2 O Quad zusehen nee teas Ode 47 o 48 Section 5 Troubleshooting iu ee 49 5 1 SUNA general troubleshnoollhtbi fass siste uou inco il cad ie une cess 49 5 2 SUNA operation troubleshooting 0 2u022400200000000nnno nenn nenn nennen nnne nnnm nnns nnn nnns 49 5 9 SUNA communication troubleshooting us ridad os 50 5 4 SUNA warnings and error Messages nun reo tx A epe Ree egest o0 Section 6 General informatio coii i tasa vaca ant ae Pa
29. MMMMMMVVVXXXXXXXXXX lt CR gt lt LF gt a sensor address Il lowercase L 2 character SDI 12 version For example 13 for version 1 3 cccccccc 8 character manufacturer identification For example SATLANTC MEI mmmmmm 6 character sensor model For example SUNA vvv 3 character sensor version For example v2 XXXXXXXXXXXxx up to 13 character optional field Format F lt MAJOR gt lt MINOR gt lt PATCH gt Used for firmware by the manufacturer 013SATLANTC SUNA v2 0002F2 1 2 lt CR gt lt LF gt Start Measurement aM Start Measurement and Request CRC aMC Start Concurrent Measurement aC Start Concurrent Measurement and Request CRC aCC Response atttn lt CR gt lt LF gt atttnn lt CR gt lt LF gt Purpose starts a measurement starts a concurrent measurement ttt measurement time in seconds The sensor typically responds in less than 30 seconds EE n or nn The number of measurement values the sensor makes and returns after subsequent Send Data commands Value 4 Example 00104 CR LF measurement 001004 lt CR gt lt LF gt concurrent measurement The sensor reports that 10 seconds are required to do the measurement Typically it will complete sooner and send a service request to the controller In subsequent data commands the four values are nitrate concentration uM nitrogen in nitrate concentration mgN L light spectrum average dark spectrum average 35 Reference
30. On or Persistent the sensor makes measurements with a spectrometer integration time that is 20 times as long as the normal integration time This increases the signal to noise ration in faint light conditions and lets the sensor operate in optically dense conditions When the optical density decreases the sensor goes back to the normal spectrometer integration time 4 4 2 Description of nutrient units Nutrient units express the amount of something usually moles or mass relative to the volume it is in Many researchers and scientists use micromoles per liter uM a unit that is independent of mass and useful for stoichiometric calculations Most fresh water monitoring programs and many researchers use units of milligrams per liter This unit is almost always expressed as milligrams of relevant atoms per liter for example milligrams of nitrogen N per liter rather than milligrams of nitrate per liter Although nitrate NO is the most prevalent form of nitrogen this unit is frequently used as a means of easily keeping track of total nitrogen loading Because milligrams per liter is a mass based unit and the mass of N and NO are different this difference is very important to prevent mistakes Milligrams per liter is also typically referred to as parts per million ppm the mass of N relative to the mass of water The SUNA V2 sensor measures dissolved nitrate and displays units in micromolar uM or milligrams of nitrogen per liter mg N
31. SEA BIRD COASTAL SUNA15051 1 A Submersible Ultraviolet Nitrate Analyzer SUNA User manual 05 2015 Edition 1 Table of Contents Section 1 SPECHCALONS ostendi tcd AA n ttc eee ee 3 DEMETRII mr 3 Vell BURNS AA CONME CIO seth mM Ec 3 1 152 DIMENSIONS sr is 3 t2 o T 5 1 3 DUCA a A a 5 14 Lulu rt ins 5 1 4 1 Nitrate measurement accuracy uenuuenneannnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnn nano nano nano nano nnnennnonnnnnnnnnnne nennen 5 1 4 2 Nitrate measurement precision 222022002402000nnennn nenn ann nnnonnnnnnennn nenn nnne nnne nnns nnns nnns 6 SEC LION 2 ODE 92 O ee een 7 2 1 MASTANS OWN a T 2 2 EM SAO operatio Nesimi er ee 8 2 3 oet up sensor Tor d ployImell u oe da Mot Gai Poe qax dea id 9 2 4 Use software to set up sensor for deplOyMenNt ccoocccocccoccconcconcconnonnnonncoonconnnonnnonnonononononcncnnnnos 10 2 4 1 Set up for autonomous deplOyMeNt occocccocncocccocncocococncocncocncncnoncnonnnonnnonnnonnnonnnonnnonnnnnnnons 10 2 4 2 Set up for SDI 12 CEplOyMENt cece eeeceeeeeeeeeeeeeeteeeeeeeeseeceeesseeseeeseeeneeetseeteeeneeenaes 11 2o MOMO Gala Coleco Nada 12 2 5 1 Monitor data in spectra QA DI ars adds 14 2 9 2 Monitor data in ime series graph usse o ee ls la 14 2 5 3 Monitor data in absorbance graph ocooccoocccoccoccnoocnoccnconoconoconononocanononnnononanonanenanenanenanes 15 2 5 Gebdala VON
32. SUNA Dashboard Look at the files on the right for the file that was most recently saved e Sensors without internal memory Go to the directory on the PC to see the file that was most recently saved 2 3 Set up sensor for deployment The sensor can be attached to a cage or pipe for deployment Make sure that the sensor is attached correctly or the sensor may be damaged The manufacturer recommends that the sensor operates in a horizontal orientation Operation SUNA optical area pointed sideways and down to reduce the collection of sediment and bio fouling Do not use the wiper as a handle Do not attach the sensor to a cage or pipe at the wiper Do not attach the sensor so tightly that the sensor is out of round Failure of the pressure seals can occur Do not let the wiper touch any part of a cage or pipe Use cradle clamps to attach the sensor to a flat surface such as a cage Make sure that both ends of the sensor are attached to a cage or pipe Do not leave one end unattached such as at the end of a pipe The user can attach the sensor to a cage with hose clamps a Put several layers of electrical tape around the sensor to protect the pressure housing b Put clamps over the electrical tape 2 4 Use software to set up sensor for deployment The user can deploy the sensor in an autonomous or a logger controlled mode Autonomous modes Continuous operation when started the sensor operates until the user removes
33. Sel S OF uaecobentdc do 15 Section 3 Maintenance nee es 17 3 1 Sensor matenan E a ee 17 3 2 Maintenance for bulkhead connectors and Cables ooccocccocncocncocncococonoconiconnnnnnonnnnnnnonncononos 17 3 9 Bdatertelerencespect Un senken UU UTE 18 3 2 Update TWA E caia 21 Section 4 Refere NC Csr cess us die A IM Lm NACL MM a al 23 d 1 SOTWATS SCI NET m 23 A121 CO IP Rte E TII TT TT T TEE EE 23 ZWEI I RD CET 24 4 1 2 Continuous and fixed time operation ccoocccocccocncocncoccconnconoconnnonconnonononnnnonnnonnnnnnnnannnnnnos 26 4123 PELIOUAIE OPETAll ON ss deuil rei ee 26 Aid PONS pera TI m Ec 27 AMEN AA O lesen 28 4 1 6 Compare reference spectrum filesS occooccconcconcconoconoconooonccnnoconoonnnonnnnononcnoncncnonnns 28 Al Data acdquisiion Momo ad 29 4 1 8 Files necessary to process Gilden dd 30 ELO Convert IaW dala aseo sue D Rot haw av dawned Eaa al m qr els elt c OR i nt 30 4 1 0 2 Replay logged Qala san Es 31 4 1 0 9 Reprocess SUNA dala snis nenne 32 4 2 9SDI T2 COIi labis odes xxt vnu Urea ner OR ES FRE BU ET QU Goa dens 34 Mee imine PLOgQLAm nee ee ee are 38 4 3 1 Input output configuration ValUeS cccocccocccoccconccocnconnconnoncncnnncnnncnnonannonnnonnnonnnonnnnnnnnnnnns 39 43 2 Data Colecon Setup values anne ee 39 1430 VDAale TWO ee energie ee eine 41 LASTNICO A UMEN NONE 43 qu 1 BAC A e 43 44 2 Description of NUMIEME UININS Heer ee 43 4 49 NI
34. UCI software communicates with a number of sensors Refer to the sea birdcoastal com website for the current list of sensors that use this software 1 Get the software from the sea birdcoastal com website or the manufacturer supplied CD 2 Double click on the file with exe appended to the name 3 Push Run in the new window The setup wizard starts 4 Push Next UCI 1 0 0 Setup IE Welcome to the UCI 1 0 0 Setup Wizard This wizard will guide you through the installation of UCI 1 0 0 UNIVERSAL before staring Setup This wil make it possible to update relevant system files without having to reboot your CO ASTAL computer N j F RE AC F Click Next to continue A SEA BIRD COASTAL ces 5 Push Agree in the next window to agree with the terms of the software 6 Install the software at the default location or push Browse to go to another location to install the software T Push Next ST lolx Choose Install Location Choose the folder in which to install UCI 1 0 0 A Setup will install UCI 1 0 0 in the following folder To install in a different folder click Browse and select another folder Click Next to continue Destination Folder C Program Files x86 Sea Bird Coastal UCE1 0 0 Browse Space required 175 2MB Space available 207 7GB Nullsoft Install System v2 46 AN 8 Puta check in the boxes next to the Install USB Serial Driver and Show Readme 9 PushFinish Operation U
35. ame The manufacturer recommends a value of 10 15 as the Number of Measurements per Frame to increase precision in a stable water sample Use a lower value for unstable water samples Wiper Settings lf the sensor is equipped with a wiper the user can put a check in this box so that the wiper will operate before each measurement SUNA Messages The sensor gives information about the sensor operation and collected data The default is Info e Error gives the least information e Debug and Trace give the most information and are used only for troubleshooting Set the Maximum Log File Size to 0 to turn off the messages Options to monitor data The user can select additional parameters to look at from the Real Time Display tab in the main window of the software Push Select Sensors and put a check in the box next to the parameter to measure Real Time Display SUNA0166 X Select Sensors 15 58 35 15 58 40 Voltage Internal Temperatu Iv Absorbance at 254nm Iv Absorbance at 350nm Bromide Trace ABS 350 Acquisition Information 4 1 6 Compare reference spectrum files 28 Compare the change between two reference spectrum files The amount of change is related to the time interval between the updates and the amount of lamp use during that time Note that this procedure is done automatically by the software when the user updates the reference spectrum
36. c Cede A 53 A T E UT ET o3 0 2 Service dnd SUDDOF Lcea ii dupeh dads docu D BR bito Ro Soi du leds 53 6 3 Waste electrical and electronic equipMenNt cooccoccconcoccconiconconoccncononcncononnonanonnonannonnnnnnnnonaninnnns 53 Section 1 Specifications 1 1 Mechanical SM a E SUNA with optional wiper Standard SUNA Weight in air 3 1 kg 1 1 4 Bulkhead connector Contact Standard MCBH 8 MP 8 O ew 4 o EEE O e e TN AO go O ea 1 1 2 Dimensions 8 PIN BULKHEAD BRASS 10 mm pathlength without wiper Specifications 724mm 8 PIN BULKHEAD BRASS La 28 5in 589mm ZEBRA TECH HYDRO WIPER 218mm 8 6in 23 2in SUNA V2 W 10 mm pathlength with wiper 698mm 863mm 27 5in 10mm 4in 624mm 24 6in 562mm 2 5in 8 PIN BULKHEAD BRASS 22 1in 597mm o mm pathlength without wiper o mm pathlength with wiper 23 5in Specifications 1 2 Electrical i AAA Input 8 18 VDC Input sensor with wiper 8 15 VDC Current draw operation 625 mA at 12 V nominal Current draw supervised low power lt 30 yA Periodic mode Current draw processor low power lt 3 mA polled Polled mode Current draw standby 20 mA at 12 V SDI 12 mode Baud rate 57600 9600 19200 38400 and 115
37. character Fixed time Mode of Operation data collection occurs for the time set up by the user When that time is completed the sensor enters a low power standby Polled Mode of Operation the sensor is in low power standby mode until there is activity on the input line The sensor initializes in 3 4 seconds then displays a CMD prompt to show that is it is ready to receive commands from the controller The timeout value controls the length of time the sensor is in standby mode before it returns to low power standby mode For best accuracy regular dark measurements are necessary to compensate for the change in temperature Select a dark to light data collection rate based on either the number of samples or the duration Note The lamp turn off temperature is 35 C The lamp should not operate at temperatures above 35 C When the lamp reaches the turn off temperature the sensor overrides the user configured mode of operation The sensor does 5 cycles of 5 light to 5 dark sample collection then does 1 light to 10 dark cycles until the lamp temperature is below the turn off temperature Contact the manufacturer for information to safely change the turn off temperature Reference 4 3 3 Update firmware At regular intervals make sure that the current firmware is installed Go to the seabird coastal com web site to get the current firmware for the sensor 1 Atregular intervals make sure that the current firmware is installed
38. compare 4 Push Browse to find to the second reference or calibration file on the PC to compare e 5 Push Compare Compare Calibration Files Select First Calibration File C aSBCUserManuals SUNA SNA0166A CAL Browse Select Second Calibration File C aSBCUserManuals SUNA SNA0166P cal Browse Calibration instrument serial numbers match Percent Change in Reference Spectra difference 9 o 200 225 250 275 300 325 350 wavelength nm B difference A typical update interval of 3 6 months with no more than 100 hours of lamp use should cause a change of no more than 10 in the 215 240 nm interval Below 215 nm larger relative changes are normal Above 240 nm the change is smaller than at the 215 240 nm range If there is a large change do several reference updates 12 24 hours apart to monitor the stability of the reference spectrum 4 1 7 Data acquisition monitor The software monitors the data collected by the sensor and shows any errors in this window The error counters are reset each time the sensor starts a new data collection file All information is transmitted during data collection in real time To see this tab go to the View menu and select Acquisition Monitor 29 Reference Data Loggia Sunaores Frame Statistics CheckSum Err Counter Errors Status Errors Fitting Errors SATSDFOU66 1 a SATSDCO166 090 dd w 4 sa
39. cts in materials and workmanship for one year from the date of purchase The warranty is void if the manufacturer finds the sensor was abused or neglected beyond the normal wear and tear of deployment 6 2 Service and support The manufacturer recommends that sensors be sent back to the factory annually to be cleaned calibrated and for standard maintenance Refer to the website for FAQs and technical notes or contact the manufacturer for support at support sea birdcoastal com Do the steps below to send a sensor back to the manufacturer 1 2 Contact the manufacturer for a Return Merchandise Authorization RMA Note The manufacturer is not responsible for damage to the sensor during return shipment Remove all anti fouling treatment from the sensor before sending it back to the manufacturer Note The manufacturer will not accept sensors that have been treated with anti fouling compounds for service or repair This includes tri butyl tin marine anti fouling paint ablative coatings etc Use the sensor s original ruggedized shipping case to send the sensor back to the manufacturer Write the RMA number on the outside of the shipping case and on the packing list Use 3rd day air to ship the sensor back to the manufacturer Do not use ground shipping The manufacturer will supply all replacement parts and labor and pay to send the sensor back to the user via 3rd day air shipping 6 3 Waste electrical and electronic equipment
40. d drain the water from the optical area Clean the optical area a Use DI water or IPA and cotton swabs and lint free tissues to clean the windows b Use vinegar to clean debris such as barnacles Be careful that the windows do not get scratches Flush the optical area with DI water to remove any remaining IPA or vinegar Wind Parafilm around the metal near the optical area Break a small hole in the top of the Parafilm and fill the optical area with fresh DI water Supply power to the sensor and use the software to operate the sensor in Continuous mode Start the sensor and collect 1 minute of data Record the measurement value This measurement shows any sensor drift or change in the lamp output Stop the sensor Remove the Parafilm and drain the water from the optical area Flush the optical area with DI water Wind Parafilm around the metal near the optical area Break a small hole in the top of the Parafilm and fill the optical area with fresh DI water Supply power to the sensor and use the software to operate the sensor in Continuous mode Start the sensor and collect 1 minute of data Record the measurement value Use the software to update the reference spectrum a Goto the Sensor menu then select Update Calibration Maintenance b Do the steps in the Calibration Wizard to update the reference spectrum 27 If the measurement is 2 UM 0 028 mgN L from the manufacturer supplied refere
41. duct Shortcut 3KB Shortcut ay Release wetime 2 KB Shortcut b SBC SUNA User Manual 1 21 2 286 KB Foxit PhantomPDF PDF SFW File File name SUNA LC Release 25 0 sfw Files oftype lane v Cancel Help 11 Let the terminal program send the firmware to the sensor This process takes a minute or two Wy 3 u AS Mo RS Help 2615 62 69 18 47 66 vMainNitrateTask gt INFO Start 2015 62 09 18 47 86 uMainNitrateTaskC gt INFO Charge ult wal Tera Term XMODEM Send a x Filename SUNA LC Release 2 5 Protocol XMODEM checksum Packet 1 Bytes transfered 128 Elapsed time 0 00 0 1 When it is complete the terminal program shows Ok Upload successful 12 Type v then push Enter to make sure that the firmware is valid The terminal program shows 0k Application matches stored CRC 32 COM3 57600baud Tera Term VT File Edit Setup Control Window Help 2615 02 69 19 57 39 vMainNitrateTaskC 2615 82 69 19 57 39 vMainNitrateTaskt gt 2615 62 09 19 57 41 vMainNitrateTaskt gt ult wakeup SUMA gt SUMA upgrade 40k Satlantic Serial Bootloader Version 3 2 8 SATBLDR gt w 0k Upload successful SATBLDR gt vu Ok Application matches stored CRC 32 SRTBLDR SATBLDR gt 13 Type a then push Enter The SATBLDR starts the new firmware in the sensor 42 Reference WW COM3 57600baud Tera Term VT Lu File Edit Setup Control Window He
42. e processing region SUNAO029 Ponu Lake FA CDOMPLFA Qvg1O CDOM 1 0 CDOM 1 0 CDOM 5 0 CDOM 5 0 CDOM 10 0 CDOM 10 0 CDOM 20 0 CDOM 20 0 LAU 0 220 240 260 280 300 320 340 360 Wavelength Enm The model to calculate nitrate fits for 4 parameters nitrate bromide a temperature coefficient and a linear baseline correction that accounts for all additional absorbing species If the absorption of the sample is high default cut off 1 3 AU the model can no longer be used effectively to fit parameters or calculate nitrate concentration The SUNA V2 data output is a root mean square error parameter that indicates the quality of the fit of the models to the absorption curves CDOM Absorption Properties Colored Dissolved Organic Matter CDOM is one of the main substance classes that absorbs in the same UV range as nitrate Other significant absorbers are seawater bromide bisulfite and suspended particles CDOM is a mixture of many chemicals and changes across locations and times usually depending on its origin Thus there is no universal characterization of the UV absorption of CDOM CDOM Impact on SUNA Nitrate Concentration The UV absorption spectra of CDOM changes across the types of CDOM Some types of CDOM are closer in their absorption to nitrate than others Types of CDOM that absorb similar to nitrate will cause a larger bias than those that absorb dissimilar Thus
43. graph tabs 1 Push Replay Logged Data in the SUNA Dashboard or go to the Data menu then SUNA then Replay Logged Data 2 Make sure that the package file the data file to replay and the reference spectra calibration files are selected 31 Reference Replay Logged Data k X Steps L Data 1 Replay Logged Data 4 Instrument Package File Roaming Sea Bird CoastallUCI 1 04SUNA 0166 001 xml Browse SUNA Raw Data File C SUNA D2015042 ABS_pro csv Browse M Display Total Absorbance SUNA Calibration File C SUNA SNAO166K CAL Browse Status all fields validated Press Finish to Start Acquisition lt Back Cancel Help Push Finish The saved data shows in the graph tabs Push Stop to stop the data 4 1 8 3 Reprocess SUNA data The user may find that it helps to use the Reprocess Data option under some conditions The settings for the sensor were incorrect Use the Reprocess option to correct for this such as when a sensor was deployed in seawater but set up for fresh water The data that is collected has changed over an extended deployment Data is processed with an updated reference spectrum file and compared to the original reference Water temperature and salinity data are collected These can be put together with the spectral data from the sensor to get more accurate nitrate data Sakamoto et al 2009 Note that the data files collected with SDI 12 do not contain spectral data
44. grated Wiper Enabled box Wiper Settings The wiper operates one time data is collected but no more than once per hour If the sensor is to be deployed in fresh water but has a calibration for seawater select the Advanced tab and put a check in the Deployed in Fresh Water box Salt Water Calibration 4 Deployed in Fresh Water Bromide Trace Push Upload to save the settings in the sensor Push OK to save any changes or push Cancel to close the window with no changes Go to the UCI menu at the top of the software window and select Exit Ctrl e Exit the software Push No to close the software Turn off the sensor remove from the power supply and attach the protective dummy connector and lock collar e Push Yes to close the software and start the sensor The sensor will collect data immediately if the user selected Continuous or Fixed time or at the user specified time if Periodic was selected P ea mlir bossa 2 4 2 Set up for SDI 12 deployment The user can deploy the sensor in a logger controlled mode with an SDI 12 controller 2 YS Set up the sensor in SDI 12 mode to operate with a controller Make sure that the sensor is connected to and in communication with the software Push SUNA Settings in the SUNA Dashboard At the General tab select the SDI 12 Operational Mode 11 Operation ati Hr gs x General Telemetry Ad
45. h the manufacturer supplied plastic clamp The flow cell seals against the pressure housing of the sensor so that the water from the pump flows across the optical path of the sensor The flow cell has a copper tube on the inlet port and a plastic barbed fitting on the outlet port that connects to the pump with flexible tubing Spare parts for the flow cell include elbow fittings so that the user can adjust the position of the sensor for deployment Figure 7 SUNA flow cell 48 Section 5 Troubleshooting 5 1 SUNA general troubleshooting Nitrate sensors use an ultraviolet UV light Do not look directly at a UV light when it is on It can damage the eyes Keep products that have UV light away from children pets and other living organisms Wear polycarbonate UV resistant safety glasses to protect the eyes when a UV light is on Possible problem Possible solution Sensor does not appear to be on Check that the cable is connected and the power source is on Turn the sensor off for at least 60 seconds Turn the power on again If the sensor still does not appear to be on use a different cable Check that the voltage supplied to the sensor is between 8 15 VDC with at least 1 amp of current Check the cable voltage put the leads of a DMM in DC voltage mode at contacts 1 and 2 of the cable to see if there is voltage If not use a different cable Check the mode of operation The sensor may be in an unknown mode Start a terminal
46. lp 2615 02 09 19 57 41 uMainNitrateTaskt lt gt INF ult wakeup SUNA gt SUMA upgrade 50k Satlantic Serial Boot loader Version goa SATELDR w 50k Upload successful SATELDR gt vu 50k Application matches stored CRG 32 SATELDR gt SATBLDR a 50k Run Application on startup SATBLDR 2615 02 09 26 61 16 setup_system 14 Turn the power to the sensor off then back on The new firmware operates in the sensor 15 Go to the File menu then select Disconnect 4 4 Theory of operation 4 4 1 Background The SUNA is a chemical free nitrate sensor for fresh brackish and salt water The sensor is based on the In Situ Ultraviolet Spectroscopy ISUS that was developed at MBARI cf Kenneth S Johnson Luke J Coletti Deep Sea Research 49 2002 1291 1305 The sensor lights the water sample with its deuterium UV light source and measures this with its spectrometer The difference between this measurement and a prior baseline measurement of pure water is the absorption spectrum Absorbance characteristics of natural water components are in the calibration file of the sensor The Beer Lambert law for multiple absorbers makes the relationship between the total measured absorbance and the concentrations of individual components Based on this the sensor gives a best estimate for the nitrate concentration with multi variable linear regression If the Integration Time Adjustment configuration parameter is set to
47. me based or measurement based schedule A typical setup is a 1 second dark spectrum measurement for each 20 30 seconds 20 30 measurements of the light spectrum 4 1 3 Periodic operation Use the software to see and change the settings for this mode of operation 26 SUNA Settings E xj General Telemetry Advanced Operational Mode Periodic Mode Settings Sample Interval 1 hr e Offset o sec Frame based operation Time based operation Light Frames 5 frames r Sample Averaging Number of Measurements to Average 10 r Deployment Characteristics Estimated Frame Rate 0 1653 frames sec r Wiper Settings Integrated Wiper Enabled r SUNA Messages Logging Level INFO v Maximum Log File Size p ES MB Upload L cancer Default Help Reference 1 Select a Sample Interval from the drop down menu Look at the Offset value An offset value of 300 5 min changes the start time by five minutes for example from 06 00 to 06 05 3 The Light Frames value is 0 255 Data is collected for either a user selected quantity of time or a user selected number of measurements Note Periodic and Autonomous are both terms for the same mode of operation 4 1 4 Polled operation Use the software to see and change the settings for this mode of operation SUNA Settings x General Telemetry Advanced Operational Mode Sample Averaging N
48. n control duration samples 39 Reference Countdown sec Fixed time duration sec Periodic interval Periodic offset sec Periodic duration sec Periodic samples light frames Polled timeout sec Skip sleep at startup Lamp stability time ds 0 3600 1 1000000 1 2 5 6 10 15 20 30 min 1 2 3 4 6 8 12 24 hr any value 0 255 0 255 0 65535 on off 0 255 O Ww Cc oO oO e Lamp switch off temperature C see note below 5 lamptoff Spectrometer integration period msec 5 60000 N A Dark averages Light averages Dark samples Light samples Dark duration sec Light duration sec External device Ext dev pre run time sec 1 120 Ext dev during collection Ext dev minimum interval 40 1 200 200 1 65535 1 65535 1 65535 1 65535 120 none wiper none Periodic Mode of Operation When power is supplied to the sensor the sensor goes to a low power standby mode Any activity on the input line puts the sensor to the SUNA gt command interface within three seconds The sensor returns to low power standby after a user selected period of time with no communication E ES AS E ee oO O on off 1 1440 O p Continuous Mode of Operation Data is collected continuously and autonomously when power is supplied to the sensor Data collection stops when the user removes power or enters a
49. nce 5 uM 0 056 mgN L for a 5 mm pathlength sensor the sensor is within the specification If the measurement is not within these specifications do this procedure from step 9 until the measurement is within specification 3 4 Update firmware At regular intervals make sure that the current firmware is installed in the SUNA Go to the seabird coastal com web site to get the current firmware for the sensor 1 ad Save the firmware to the PC The firmware is an sfw file Make sure that the sensor is connected to the PC and a power supply Push Connect Go to the Sensor menu then select SUNA then Advanced then Upload Firmware File UCI Sensor Data View Window Help SD E m gt 3 HydroCAT s SUNA Settings Connection Mode 18 Transfer Files i 5 S Reference Update u Connection Status O Set Clock Available Lamp Tim Wipe Now Available Disk Spac SU SUNA Clock Time Y Command Terminal Mun TETAS Edit Log Headers TB Disconnect _ 4 Transfer DAC Calibration E eee cue SUNA Settings P wipe Administrative Settings Upload Instrument XML File PIER AAA t pm Push Browse to find the firmware file that is saved on the PC Push Open Push Upload It takes approximately 2 minutes for the software to complete the upload Boot Loader VCP Driver Install 1 x Eh The SUNA Boot L
50. nce is directly proportional to pathlength a halved pathlength provides a tolerance of approximately twice the background absorption 4 7 Optional equipment 4 7 1 Wiper The wiper cleans the optical window of biological growth and particulates so that the quality of the data collected stays constant The wiper works in all modes of operation of the sensor The wiper operates one time before each time that data is collected The wiper operates at 90 degrees Make sure the wiper can operate without any blockage Each cycle of the wiper across the optical window takes approximately 15 seconds There is a minimum required delay of 30 seconds between wiper cycles Figure 5 SUNA with wiper de The wiper drive shaft has a mechanism that lets the wiper be moved manually without damage Make sure that the wiper is not bent or pushed off of its axis of rotation 4 7 2 Anti fouling guard Use the anti fouling guard for moored deployments that do not use a pump The guard is attached to the sensor by a plastic clamp The foul guard is made of perforated copper that goes around the sample volume to prevent biofouling and lets the sample volume flush Operate the sensor horizontally and point the sample volume area downward so that air bubbles and sediment do not collect Figure 6 Copper anti fouling guard 47 Reference 4 7 3 Flow cell Use the flow cell for moored deployments that require a pump Attach the flow cell to the sensor wit
51. nsor is calibrated for seawater and if there is temperature and salinity data available in an ASCII format of YYYY MM DD hh mm ss Temperature c Salinity PSU Push Browse to find the file to process 4 2 SDI 12 commands Note Polled and Logger controlled are both terms for the same mode of operation The sensor supports all basic SDI 12 commands Refer to the SDI 12 specification at www sdi 12 org for details of the command protocol For any command not described below the sensor will respond according to the SDI 12 v1 3 specification The manufacturer set address of the SDI 12 is numerical value 48 ASCII character 0 The SDI controller uses this address to interface with the sensor in an SDI 12 mode of operation The user can change this value in the SDI controller Definitions e a is the SDI 12 address of the sensor default is O e lt CRC gt is the 3 character Cyclic Redundancy Check e CR is a Carriage Return character e lt LF gt is a Line Feed character Acknowledge Active a IN TIN IA ETC Address query IN EEN sarna RAR T 34 Reference Change address aAb changes SDI 12 address to b The default address is 0 SDI recorder sends OA1 Ol sensor sends 1 lt CR gt lt LF gt address now 1 Verify V The sensor always responds with aQ000 lt CR gt lt LF gt No diagnostic information is supported Send identification al a capital Response allccccccCC
52. oader s Virtual COM Port driver may not have been previously installed 2 Tf this is the case the driver will be installed automatically After the driver has been installed press the OK button to proceed The firmware is updated The software disconnects the sensor 21 Maintenance 22 Section 4 Reference 4 1 Software settings This section has information about configuration values and modes of operation that apply to all deployments 4 1 1 Communication Go to the Telemetry tab in SUNA Settings to set up communication and data file types b SUNA Settings ia x General Telemetry Advanced r Data Transmission Serial Baud Rate 57600 x Transmitted Frame Format FULL ASCII m r Data Logging Instrument Logging Frame Format FULL Ascir M Log File Creation Method By File Size Maximum Size 1 MB Upload cancer Default Help The default serial baud rate is 57600 Others are available Data Transmission Serial Baud Rate Transmitted Frame Format Logging The default for Transmitted Frame Format and Instrument Logging Frame Format is FULL ASCII Transmitted Frame Format FuLL Ascu Y Data Logging Instrument Logging Frame Format FuLL Asc m NONE Log File Creation Method FULL ASCII Maximum Size i MB e FULL ASCII Contains all collected data in comma separated fields The file extension is csv The frame size is t
53. ot of the Application Console of the software e messages log file go to the Transfer Files window and select the Log Files tab Copy the file to the PC for Customer Support Negative nitrate concentration Clean the optical area and check the reference spectrum Apply a new one if necessary e Make sure that the sensor is in water e Check that the Deploy in Fresh Water box has the appropriate check in it e Check for salinity compensation Analysis of nitrate standard shows Check that the nitrate standard concentrations are accurate Make sure the dilutions sensor is possibly out of were done correctly and that the standards are used within 1 week in the lab or before specification expiration unopened standards Verify that the standards were made in comparable units mg L as nitrogen or Moles Check the sensor settings Make sure that the Deployed in Fresh Water setting has a check in the box if the sensor operates in fresh water Poor correlation with field samples Check the sensor for fouling or lamp change drift Clean the optical windows and do a grab samples blank check e Set the sensor to do a self test Check light dark counts such as high CDOM or other absorbers and other data about the sensor Check for matrix interferences that can cause measurement errors Do measurements for a wider range of constituents an do possible lab matrix spikes to isolate the cause Check the representativeness of
54. power or pushes Stop in the SUNA Dashboard Fixed time operation the sensor operates for a user specified period of time or number of measurements Periodic operation the sensor operates at user specified intervals Data collection begins at a user specified date and time and stops when the user removes power or pushes Stop in the SUNA Dashboard Example a sensor set up at 8 00 with a Sample Interval of 2 hours and an offset of 900 seconds 15 minutes will operate at 10 15 12 15 2 15 etc Logger controlled modes Polled operation the sensor communicates through and is controlled by an RS232 terminal program SDI 12 The sensor communicates through and is controlled by an SDI 12 controller 2 4 1 Set up for autonomous deployment 10 1 a Make sure that the sensor is connected to a power supply and PC RS232 or USB cable and is on Make sure that the software is open and in communication with the sensor Push SUNA Settings in the SUNA Dashboard area Select the Operational Mode for the planned deployment 5 10 11 Main Power Connected Operation Use the manufacturer set values for that operation mode or change them as necessary amp SUNA Settings General Telemetry Advanced Operational Mode Continuous Continuous Periodic Frame Based OpFixed Time Frame Cycle 1 Continuous Operation 1000 APEX Float If the sensor has an integrated wiper put a check in the Inte
55. rsicoli 6 020 2 QA O 0 0 SATSDRO166 7 3 Q Q 4 0 o 0 0 o 0 SATSLRO166 e Frame Id the unique frame number e Read The number of frames accepted e Errors The number of frames discarded e Checksum Errors There may be a problem with the data that is transmitted Examine the cabling and connectors If the value in such is frame is wrong it is discarded If the collected data is saved to the internal memory of the sensor that data is correct and can be copied to the PC at a later time e Counter Status and Fitting Errors always zero 4 1 8 Files necessary to process data Go to the Data menu to select how data is processed The HydroCAT can only replay data e Use Convert Raw Data to change binary files into ASCII files e Use Replay Logged Data to show a graph of saved data e Use Reprocess Data to apply a different reference value or change the settings to process the data The SUNA uses the three files below to process data 1 The xml package file that is stored in C users username AppData Roaming Sea Bird Coastal UCI 1 0ISUNA_ SN xmi 2 The raw data file to process 3 The reference spectrum file optional for Replay Logged Data 4 1 8 1 Convert raw data Use the Convert Raw Data option to change binary data to ASCII 1 Goto the Data menu then SUNA then Convert Raw Data 2 Find the Instrument Package File that is stored on the P
56. s The sensor supports 2 additional measurements ttt 000 n 0 nn 00 Send Data commands that come after the aM or aMC commands Send Data aDO aD9 Response a lt values gt lt CR gt lt LF gt a lt values gt lt CRC gt lt CR gt lt LF gt Purpose sends data to the SDI controller after a measurement or verification command The response depends on the previous measurement command Note after the M or C command the sensor responds with nitrate concentration in two units and the light and dark spectrum average 0 1039 040 14 8434 22799 671 lt CR gt lt LF gt after the MC or CC command the sensor responds the same as M or C but with a CRC value attached 0 1038 188 14 8350 22683 672NtW lt CR gt lt LE gt Note after the MC or CC command the sensor responds to the aDO command temperature in two units lamp time and humidity 37 Reference ater Met command We sensor responds si the MI command but wif ORC value ach 0 33 813 23 500 3356 23 2AsF lt CR gt lt LF gt followed by 0 11 92 5 43 13 62EyF lt CR gt lt LF gt The response to the aC1 aCC1 aM2 aMC2 aC2 aCC2 commands is similar Continuous Measurement aRO aR9Y Continuous Measurement and Request CRC aRCO aRC9 a lt values gt lt CR gt lt LF gt or a lt values gt lt CRC gt lt CR gt lt LF gt note the Continuous Measurement command is not supported due to the limited life of the lamp The sensor reports a0 lt CR gt lt LF
57. select the options to see the data Real Time Data shows the most current data from the selected sensors 12 Operation Real Time Display SUNA0166 X f Select Sensors 15 58 35 15 59 40 Nitrate Humidity ABS 254 a u Voltage a u ABS 350 Internal Temperatu Iv Absorbance at 254nm Iv Absorbance at 350nm Bromide Trace ox Dome teo Data Logging Push Start Log to save the collected data to the PC Acquisition Information Data Logging SUNA0166 X Frames Logged 0 Log Timer Start Log Y Logging Options Time Series Spectra and Total Absorbance graphs 3 Push Select Sensors to see a list of parameters that can show in the Time Series tab 4 Puta check in the box next to any additional parameters so that they will show in the Time Series graph Time Series Configure Sensor Settings X Humidity Voltage M internal Temperatu v Absorbance at 254nm v Absorbance at 350nm Bromide Trace ok cancel Help HM au CELSIUS 5 Look at the data in the Time Series tab Spectra SUNAO166 x Time Series SUNAO166 x Total Absorbance SUNAO166 x lt gt fol Zoom In Q Zoom Out Auto Range IV Time Axis Range Axis Select Sensors Configure 0 025 0 020 0 015 3 o 010 0 005 0 000 0 06 0 05 004 w 0 03 0 02 0 01
58. ta collection setup values on page 39 for other values for modes of operation Table 4 Status commands esp Cmm Re Selftest selftest Makes sure the sensor operates correctly does measurements and sends those measurements as the last line of output Ok the sensor operates correctly I A sensor component did not operate correctly Error A sensor component did not pass the test 7 To change the mode of operation to SDI 12 a Make sure that the sensor is so equipped Type getopermodesdi12brd The response is available If the response is missing the sensor is not equipped with SDI 12 b Type set opermode sdi12 to change the mode of operation to SDI 12 aia set opermode sdil2 SUHA get opermode 40k 5DIi12 SUHA gt c Type get opermode to make sure that the sensor is in SDI 12 mode 8 Use the SDI 12 controller to communicate with the sensor when it is in SDI 12 mode 4 3 1 Input output configuration values Parameter Possible values Baud rate 9600 19200 38400 57600 115200 Message level Error Warn Info Debug Message file size MB 0 65 Data file size MB 1 65 Log file type acquisition continuous daily Acquisition file duration min 0 1440 60 fafledr Data wavelength low nm 210 350 Data wavelength high nm 210 350 4 3 2 Data collection setup values Parameter Possible values Default value Operation mode continuous fixedtime periodic polled SDI12 Operatio
59. ters to see on the graph 3 Push Configure to put a limit on or to remove the limit to the Graph History 2 5 3 Monitor data in absorbance graph The Total Absorbance graph shows the calculated absorbance from 210 to 370 nm This graph is an alternative to the Spectra graph The absorbance graph should be flat when a sample of DI water is collected The absorbance increases as absorbing species such as nitrate and bromide are added to samples Spectra SUNA0166 x Time Series SUNAO166 x Total Absorbance SUNA0166 x gt izol Configure Total Absorbance 290 300 310 320 Wavelength nm 2 6 Get data from sensor Do data transfers away from harsh environments such as strong electric fields or electrostatic discharge sources Electrostatic Discharge ESD sources may temporarily disrupt data transfer If this occurs move the sensor away from the ESD source Turn the power off and then on and continue operation If the sensor is equipped with internal memory the collected data is saved in the sensor 1 Push Transfer Files in the SUNA Dashboard area The files saved on the sensor show on the right side of the new File Manager window 15 Operation File Manager Data Files Log Files Calibration Files r Local Filesystem r Instrument Filesystem SUNA 0468_2015 01 28_05 47 45_raw 2015 01 28 13 47 10938 CSV SUNA 0468_2015 01 28_05 52 22_raw 2015 01 28 13 53 78819 CSV SUNA 0468_2015 01 28_11 1
60. ttt measurement time in seconds The sensor typically responds in less than 30 seconds n or nn The number of measurement values the sensor makes and returns after subsequent Send Data commands Value 7 Example 00099 lt CR gt lt LF gt measurement 000913 lt CR gt lt LF gt concurrent measurement 36 Reference Example output from the controller 00099 lt CR gt lt LF gt 0 3 26 0 0457 15501 721 lt CR gt lt LF gt 0 2015033 20 57608 lt CR gt lt LF gt 0 0 132 0 0672 0 lt CR gt lt LF gt Example output from the output for the nine or 13 for concurrent values Example output values in parentheses nitrate concentration uM 3 26 nitrogen in nitrate concentration mgN L 0 0457 light spectrum average 15501 dark spectrum average 721 measurement date 2015033 measurement time 20 57608 absorbance at 254 nm 0 132 absorbance at 350 nm 0 672 bromide trace 0 lamp temperature C concurrent measurement only spectrometer temperature C concurrent measurement only relative humidity concurrent measurement only rmse of nitrate processing concurrent measurement only Additional Measurements aM3 aM9 Additional Measurements and Request CRC aMC3 aMC9 Additional Concurrent Measurement aC3 aC9 Additional Concurrent Measurement and Request CRC aCC3 aCC9 Response atttn lt CR gt lt LF gt atttnn lt CR gt lt LF gt Purpose starts a measurement starts a concurrent measurement Note
61. umber of Measurements to Average 10 Deployment Characteristics Estimated Frame Rate 0 1653 frames sec Wiper Settings Integrated Wiper Enabled SUNA Messages Logging Level INFO z Maximum Log File Size p MB Upload _ cancel Default Help Use the commands below to communicate with the sensor in RS232 CI 000000 Start continuous data collection So Stops the sensor data collection Measure N The sensor gets n light data frames If n is zero the sensor gets one dark data frame The sensor gets light data frames for n seconds CTD The sensor sends CTD data to be corrected for temperature and salinity The sensor must be set up to do the correction and to process it Print the status of the sensor The sensor goes to low power standby mode Data files are saved in FULL ASCII Note Polled and Logger controlled are both terms for the same mode of operation 27 Reference 4 1 5 Other general settings Sample Averaging Number of Measurements to Average 10 Deployment Characteristics Estimated Frame Rate 0 1653 frames sec Wiper Settings Integrated Wiper Enabled SUNA Messages Logging Level INFO x Maximum Log File Size p EE MB sample Averaging Deployment Characteristics The average of the number of frames selected The higher the value the more time it takes to make a measurement The Estimated Frame Rate is directly related to the Number of Measurements per Fr
62. vanced Operational Mode sp 12 bad Sample Averaging Number of Measurements to Average 10 r Deployment Characteristics Estimated Frame Rate 0 1653 frames sec Wiper Settings Integrated Wiper Enabled SUNA Messages Logging Level INFO Maximum Log File Size l2 MB Upload cane Default Help 5 If necessary change the Number of Measurements per Frame The sensor calculates the average of the value entered For example if 5 is entered 5 measurements will be averaged and will show as one measurement in the data 6 If the sensor is so equipped put a check in the Integrated Wiper Enabled box The wiper operates before each measurement T The default Logging Level is INFO 8 Push Upload Exit Command Mode n x A Exit Command mode Click yes to put the SUNA into SDI 12 mode The serial connection will then be closed Clicking no wil require the power to the SUNA to be recycled to put it in SDI 12 mode A new window shows 9 Push Yes to put the SUNA into SDI 12 mode The sensor is ready to connect to an SDI 12 data logger 2 5 Monitor data collection Use the software to monitor data as it is collected or to look at it after a deployment if the sensor is equipped with internal memory If the sensor does not have internal memory make sure to use the Data Logging tab to save collected data to a PC 1 Push Start in the SUNA Dashboard area 2 From the View menu
63. with a default class based calibration Sensors can have an optional sensor specific calibration for either fresh water or seawater The user can configure a seawater calibration to be deployed in either fresh water or seawater The calibration file is stored in the sensor and includes the coefficients to calculate nitrate as well as a reference spectrum It is necessary for the user to update the reference spectrum as the optical components change over time The software has a wizard to let the user update the reference spectrum at regular intervals or as necessary This procedure adjusts the zero nitrate value based on a sample of pure water ultra pure nano pure or Dl It is necessary to periodically update the reference spectrum to make sure that the sensor collects accurate data For best performance send the sensor back to the manufacturer annually for maintenance 4 5 Interferences and mitigation 4 5 1 Uncharacterized species in sample A number of substances in natural water absorb in the UV spectral range where nitrate absorbs The spectral signature is usually different from nitrate but certain combinations of water components may cause a bias in the calculated nitrate concentrations If the user thinks there are significant concentrations of interfering species do a random spectral and chemical analysis of the water sample to quantify and correct the optical interference 4 5 2 Optically dense constituents The performance
64. wrap Notes 2 Use only lint free tissues OPTO WIPES or cotton swabs to clean the optical windows Use the software to update the reference spectrum Use only clean DI water that has been stored in clean glassware Use Parafilm wrap to capture DI water in the optical area of the sensor Do not use cups a bucket or a tank to collect a reference sample Clean the sensor a Flush the sensor and the optical area with clean water to remove debris and saltwater b Clean the metal parts external to the optical area so that the Parafilm will seal If the sensor has a wiper carefully move it away from the optical area Figure 1 Wiper moved from optical area 3 Cut and stretch a length of approximately 40 cm 16 in of Parafilm 4 Wind the Parafilm9 around the metal near the optical area Figure 2 Parafilm on optical area 19 Maintenance 5 Break a small hole in the top of the Parafilm and fill the optical area with DI water Figure 3 Optical area filled with DI water 20 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 Supply power to the sensor and use the software to operate the sensor in Continuous mode Start the sensor and collect 1 minute of data Record the measurement value This is a dirty measurement to record the value when there are biofouling and blockages in the optical area Stop the sensor Remove the Parafilm an
65. ypically 1600 1800 bytes Use this format so that data can be reprocessed e NONE For Transmitted Frame Format data output is turned off For Sensor Logging Frame Format sensor data storage is turned off Other available formats 23 Reference e FULL_BINARY Contains all collected data The file extension is bin The frame size is 632 bytes Use this format so that data can be reprocessed e REDUCED BINARY Contains data from part of the spectrum and data from some auxiliary sensors The file extension is bin The frame size is 144 bytes Use this format so that seawater data can be reprocessed e CONCENTRATION ASCII Contains a time stamp nitrate concentration absorbance at 254 and 300 nm and Root Mean Square Error RMSE to measure the quality of the data The file extension is csv e APF Used for APEX floats Contains the user selected parts of the spectrum and other auxiliary sensors The frame size is typically 300 400 bytes e The user can set the Transmitted Frame Format to NONE to turn off data output This increases the rate at which data is collected and uses 10 30 less power e The user can set the Instrument Logging Frame Format to NONE to turn off internal data collection The default Log File Creation Method is By File Size Others are available r Data Logging Instrument Logging Frame Format FULL A amp SCII Log File Creation Methad Maximum Sire i MB By Sample Event

Submersible Ultraviolet Nitrate Analyzer (SUNA) - Sea

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