McAiT (Rev 1.0) User Manual - NEU
Contents
1. McAiT file to run the tool Before any analysis the tool should be correctly configured otherwise the tool will not function If you have started McAiT open the Project menu click the Preferences item to open the tool configuration interface as illustrated in Figure Given the above installation configurations the components working with McAiT should be as follows Compiler DIR bin sslittle na sstrix gcc Disassembler DIR McAiT Components dis AS DIR bin sslittle na sstrix as OBJDUMP DIR bin sslittle na sstrix objdump Analyzer DIR McAiT Components analyzer UPPAAL DIR uppaal 4 1 3 bin Linux verifyta ILP Solver DIR 1lp_solve lp_solve Once the tool has been correctly configured one need not re configure it in successive runs as long as the locations of the supporting tools are not changed 6 Mingsong Lv Nan Guan Wang Yi Ge Yu Compiler home mingsong weet bin sslittle na sstrix gcc Browse Disassembler home mingsong wcet McAiT Components dis Browse AS home mingsong weet bin sslittle na sstrix as Browse Objdump ome mingsong wcet bin sslittle na sstrix objdump Browse Analyzer home mingsong wcet McAiT Components analyzer Browse UPPAAL _ne mingsong wcet uppaal 4 1 3 bin Linux verifyta Browse ILP Solver home mingsong wcet Ip_solve Ip_ solve Browse Cancel Fig 1 Configuring McAiT 4 Main Functions of McAiT Thi2. 32 b4m b4h b4 33 b4m lt 1 Fig 15 The ILP formulation for a program
3. When the TA model has been generated the menu item By Model Checking sub to WCET Calculation will be enabled Clicking this item McAiT will in voke UPPAAL to explore the model and find the WCET for each program To McAiT Rev 1 0 User Manual 13 Project Wizard Project creation summary Please make sure that the program information are input correctly then click Finish to commit project creation If there are problems please go backward to modify Project name Project path The number of cores The number of cache Level 1 cache Instruction Cache Cache Hit Latency Bus configured Bus service time 10 The schedule of core 0 FcfsDemo SAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAABAAABAAAAAAAAAAAAAARAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAADAAASAAAABAAAAAS 4 home Mingsong WCET MCAIT Projects Size 8192 Associativity 4 First Come First Service FCFS Fig 8 Project creation summary McAiT A Timing Analyzer for Multi Core Real Time Software Project Analysis Window Help Opened Projects amp Project FcfsDemo Core 0 Schedule 0 source files IEJ v FcfsDemo Configurations fant 27373 constant x T fdct zl zl constant sqrt 2 c7 c3 constant 20995 z2 z2 constant sqrt 2 c1 c3 Dis File constant 16069 CFG z3 z3 constant sqrt 2 c3 c5 ILP constant 3196 WCET z4 z4 constant sqrt 2 c5 c3 v S 1 bs 73
4. Save Project saving the status of the current high lighted project Save Project As saving the currently high lighted project as another one Save All saving all the opened projects Preferences setting up the environment for McAiT basically locating all the supporting tools Exit exit the tool 4 2 WCET Analysis by McAiT The main objective of McAiT is WCET analysis The tool currently supports two ways of progressing the analysis the user can conduct analysis STEP BY STEP or let the tool perform WCET analysis automatically Once a step is finished the result of this step can be viewed by clicking the corresponding entry for each project or each task in the project list The analysis functionalities are as follows and shown in Figure 3 Compile Programs invoke the GCC compiler to compile all the programs tasks of the currently highlighted project and the compiled binary is disassembled im mediately This can be done once a project has been created The result is the disassembled file for each program task Reconstruct CFG invoke the analyzer to reconstruct the Control Flow Graph CFG of each program from the disassembled file The result is the CFG for 8 Mingsong Lv Nan Guan Wang Yi Ge Yu McAiT A Timing Analyzer for Multi Core Real Time Software Project Window Help Opened Compile Programs v Fecfsp Reconstruct CFG Ci Input Flow Information p CI Cache Analysis b 5 TA Generation ILP Formulation WCET Calc
5. Terminate Analysis For WCET analysis of bigger programs with model checking it may take minutes or even hours to get the results McAiT allows users to terminate an analysis step before it is finished When an analysis step is started the thread will be listed in the sub menu items of Terminate Analysis Clicking the item will terminate the corresponding analysis thread Clear A11 Clear all intermediate results for the currently highlighted project leaving it to a state as if the project is just created 4 3 Miscellaneous McAiT A Timing Analyzer for Multi Core Real Time Software Project Analysis Help Opened Projects Project List v FcfsDemo Close All Windows Configurations McAIiT A Timing Analyzer for Multi Core Real Time Software roject Analysis Window TA rad J pm y Opened Projects v FcfsDemo Manual Configurations About gt Core 0 gt Core 1 TA Model for FCFS Bus Fig 4 The Window Menu and the Help Menu The Window menu provides with two main functions to open the project tree dock window and to close all opened windows except for the project tree window The Help menu provides with entries to access the tool manual and basic tool information These are shown in Figure 4 5 An Example of Using McAiT This section gives an example of using McAiT for WCET analysis We assume a dual core processor with a 8KB private instruction cache The cores use a shared First Come Fir
6. 4 25 Source files ae Dis File ath aca CFG block 7 Ix tmp4 z1 z3 gt gt CONST_BITS PASS1 BITS 3 ILP block 5 Ix tmp5 z2 24 gt gt CONST_BITS PASS1 BITS 3 WCET block 3 Ix tmp6 z2 z3 gt gt CONST_BITS PASS1 BITS 3 gt Core 1 block Ix tmp7 z1 24 gt gt CONST_BITS PASS1 BITS 3 TA Model for FCFS Bus main ifdef IO int endif advance to next column block Fig 9 The source code see the results click the WCET item for each program in the project tree as illustrated in Figure 14 14 Mingsong Lv Nan Guan Wang Yi Ge Yu McAiT A Timing Analyzer for Multi Core Real Time Software Project Analysis Window Help Opened Projects amp Project FcfsDemo Core 0 Schedule 0 disassembled file EJ v FcfsDemo F Configurations 745 fdct c 236 Core 0 746 00401538 lt fdct 0x1348 gt Iw i 3 72 30 v 5 0 fdct 747 00401540 lt fdct 0x1350 gt addiu 2 3 2 A 748 00401548 lt fdct 0x1358 gt addu 3 0 2 Source files 749 00401550 lt fdct 0x1360 gt sw 3 72 30 750 fdct c 167 CFG 751 00401558 lt fdct 0x1368 gt lw 3 68 30 ILP 752 00401560 lt fdct 0x1370 gt addiu 2 3 1 WCET 753 00401568 lt fdct 0x1378 gt addu 3 0 2 F51 bi 754 00401570 lt fdct 0x1380 gt sw 3 68 30 Source files 255 00401578 lt fdct 0x1388 gt j 00400a98 yii 756 fdct c 238 Dis File 757 00401580 lt fdct 0x1390
7. Shared Memory Bus First Come First Service FCFS TDMA bus slot size lt Back Next gt Cancel Fig 6 Configuring micro architecture features the project root item The user can collapse the tree level by level to see the schedules on each core For each task the user currently can only view the source code since no other analysis has been performed This is shown in Figure 9 Then we can click the Compile entry in the Analysis menu to compile and disassemble all the tasks After this analysis step the disassembled file for each program can be displayed By clicking the Dis File item for a given program one can see something as illustrated in Figure 10 5 3 Reconstruct CFG When the executable of each program is disassembled the user can now re construct its CFG by clicking the Reconstruct CFG entry of the Analysis menu Clicking the item CFG for a given task McAiT will display the CFG graph in a new window Figure 11 shows the CFG for the benchmark program fdct 5 4 Cache Analysis and Inputting Loop Bounds Figure 12 illustrates the dialog which lets the user to input loop bounds For each loop with an entry node and a tail node one can allocate a loop bound 12 Mingsong Lv Nan Guan Wang Yi Ge Yu Project Wizard Select programs allocated to each core For each core we assume n tasks are statically scheduled according the given o
8. gt addu 29 0 30 CFG 758 00401588 lt fdct 0x1398 gt Iw 30 80 29 ILP 759 00401590 lt fdct 0x13a0 gt addiu 29 29 88 WCET 760 00401598 lt fdct 0x13a8 gt jr 31 gt Core 1 761 main TA Model for FCFS Bus 762 fdet c 241 763 004015a0 lt main gt addiu 29 29 24 764 004015a8 lt main 0x8 gt sw 31 20 29 765 004015b0 lt main 0x10 gt sw 30 16 29 766 004015b8 lt main 0x18 gt addu 30 0 29 767 fdct c 246 768 004015c0 lt main 0x20 gt lui 4 4096 Fig 10 The disassembled file McAiT A Timing Analyzer for Multi Core Real Time Software Project Analysis Window Help Opened Projects amp Project FcfsDemo Core 0 Schedule 0 fdct CFG E3 v FcfsDemo Configurations v Core 0 v S 0 fdct Source files Dis File ILP WCET v S 1 bs Source files Dis File CFG ILP WCET gt Core 1 TA Model for FCFS Bus Fig 11 The CFG of program fdct Since WCET analysis by AI MC may take some time for big programs McAiT will pop up a dialog to notify the user when the analysis is finished 5 6 WCET analysis by IPET After cache analysis the user may alternatively choose to use the traditional IPET based method for WCET analysis which assume that each memory access will take the worst case delay The WCET analysis problem is formulated as an Integer Linear Programming problem and the ILP formulation of each task is generated in this step One can view the ILP file by clicking th
9. McAiT Rev 1 0 User Manual Mingsong Lv Nan Guant Wang Yil and Ge Yu Northeastern University Shenyang China Uppsala University Uppsala Sweden Abstract This manual gives information on how to install and use the McAiT Rev1 0 WCET analysis tool 1 Overview McAiT is a tool for WCET estimation of parallel programs running on multicore processors McAit uses Abstract Interpretation to analyze the local cache behav ior of each program on a dedicated core Based on the cache analysis McAiT offers the user with two alternatives to find safe estimations of the WCET of all the programs First the user may chose to use the classical Implicit Path Enumeration technique combined with the worst case memory bus access de lays provided by the user for the given micro architecture which may result in pessimistic bounds To tighten the bounds the user may model the arbitration protocol of the bus using timed automata TA and let McAiT generate auto matically a Timed Automaton to model the precise timing information of each program on when to access the memory bus i e when a cache miss occurs McAiT explores the TA models for the shared bus and the programs running on separated cores using the UPPAAL model checker to find the WCETs for the programs This manual mainly contains information on how to install the McAiT tool and use the tool for WCET analysis of multicores Section 2 lists all the pack ages software needed for ins
10. an analysis step of Project A is running and the user tries to trigger another step of the same project a dialog will pop up to warn the user that he cannot do this 16 Mingsong Lv Nan Guan Wang Yi Ge Yu Project Analysis Window Help MCcAIT A Timing Analyzer for Multi Core Real Time Software Opened Projects amp Project FcfsDemo TA model for the FCFS bus amp v FcfsDemo Configurations 0 fee oe eee lt Cored lt xml version 1 0 encoding utf 8 gt v S 0 fdct Source files 2 Dis File lt nta gt CFG ILP lt declaration gt WCET 4 v S 1 bs Place global declarations here Source files Dis File CFG const int N 2 ILP re WCET v Core 1 8 v S 0 matmult clock definition 9 te files clock c N is File 10 CFG clock gc ILP ii WCET v S 1 insertsort 12 Source files cache parameters se Ei 13 ils const int LLAccessTime 1 ILP const int InstTime 1 WCET 15 TA Model for FCFS Bus const int MemAccessTime 40 16 Fig 13 The Timed Automata model for the system Project Analysis Window Help McAiT A Timing Analyzer for Multi Core Real Time Software Opened Projects amp Project FcfsDemo Core 0 Schedule 0 WCET Estimations v FcfsDemo Configurations v Core 0 v S 0 fdet Source files Dis File CFG ILP v S 1 bs Source files Dis File CFG ILP WCET v Core 1 v S 0 matmult Source files Dis File CFG ILP WCET v S 1 inser
11. e item ILP for each task The file will be displayed in a new window as illustrated in Figure 15 McAiT Rev 1 0 User Manual 15 Input loop bounds for all tasks Loop bound Core Task fdct Entry c0 0 Entry c0 4 Task bs Entry c1 0 Core Task matmult Entry c3 3 Tail Entry c3 0 Tail c3 10 Entry c4 3 Tail c4 10 Entry c4 0 Tail c4 10 Entry c6 6 Tail c6 10 Entry c6 3 Tail 10 Entry c6 0 Tail 10 Task insertsort 1 i 17 Entry c0 3 Tail c0 6 10 N Ce o f gt camca J o Fig 12 The dialog to input loop bounds When the ILP file for each task is generated the menu item By ILP Solving sub to WCET Calculation will be enabled If the user click this item McAiT will invoke the configured ILP solver e g lp_solve to run the ILP file and find the WCET for each program The results are also displayed in the same window that displays the WCET calculated by model checking McAiT also allows users to perform WCET analysis automatically either by model checking or by IPET To trigger automatic analysis the user just need to click the item sub to Automatic Analysis and the analysis will start immediately and involves only one stop to let the user input the loop bounds McAiT allows users to open multiple projects and perform WCET analysis in parallel But for each project all the analysis steps are serialized to ensure no data racing problems So if
12. ee linear programming solver which is used to obtain the WCET of the programs if the user adopts the Implicit Path Enumeration technique 6 The Qt SDK The GUI of McAiT is developed using the Qt library so a Qt environment should be established to make the tool run Item 1 Item 5 are available at http www neu rtes org mcait Item 6 the free version of Qt SDK is available at http qt nokia com downloads where the direct link of the distribution of Qt SDK for 32 bit Linux is http get qt nokia com qtsdk qt sdk linux x86 opensource 2010 05 1 bin 3 Installation In this section let s assume that all the above packages are put in a source directory DIR which can be freely determined by the end user This directory is the default working directory The installation contains the following steps 3 1 Setting up the Cross Compiler Environment Before installation make sure that you have a 32 bit Linux operating system installed Currently the tool has been tested to work on the Fedora 11 and up Linux distribution which is recommended for end users The first step of the installation is to set up the environment to compile source codes into SimpleScalar binaries In DIR 1 Build the SimpleScalar binary utilities Unpack the binary utility package tar xzvf simpleutils 990811 tar gz tar xzvf simpletools 2v0 tgz McAiT Rev 1 0 User Manual 3 Then go to the sub directory simpleutils 990811 cd simpleutil
13. fully compiled and installed let s go to the next step 3 2 Setting up the WCET Calculation Tools Two other tools UPPAAL and lp_solve are required by McAiT to perform WCET calculation To install 1lp_solve tar xzvf lp_solve_5 5 tgz This will produce 3 packages package lp_solve_5 5_exe tar gz is the pre built binary for 32 bit systems Basically one do not need to recompile McAiT Rev 1 0 User Manual 5 lp_solve and can just use this pre compiled binary Then unpack this pack age tar xzvf lp_solve_5 5_exe tar gz To install UPPAAL unzip uppaal 4 1 3 Note that the latest academic version of UPPAAL requires the user to obtain a free license from the Internet otherwise the tool will not be activated Please connect to the Internet and run the UPPAAL tool independently to see if the license has been obtained McAiT will not work if UPPAAL is not activated 3 3 Install the Qt GUI SDK If you have downloaded the Qt SDK for 32 bit Linux for the Qt website put it in the DIR directory execute the bin file in command line The SDK itself provide with a GUI based installation interface which greatly simplifies the installation process 3 4 Install McAiT and Configure the Tool Up till now all the supporting tools for McAiT to work are installed Unpack the McAiT tar gz file tar xzvf McAiT tar gz Now in directory DIR McAiT exists a pre compiled executable for 32 bit linux execute the
14. layed in this configuration interface each of which stands for a core One can select how many tasks will run on each core The tasks are then statically scheduled according to the given order For each task clicking the Add item on the left most column will open a dialog to let the user select source files of this task The paths of the selected source files will then be displayed on the right most column Note that for each task the user must give it a name which is input from the middle column When tasks are scheduled for all cores go to the next step In the last step all the configurations for the project made previously are listed in a table as shown in Figure 8 The user can check the information to see if everything is set correctly If one needs to modify the configuration just go back to the previous steps Once the configuration is submitted it is fixed to the project and cannot be changed later on 5 2 Compile the Tasks Once a project is created it will be listed in the project list window One can view the configuration of the project by clicking the Configuration sub to McAiT Rev 1 0 User Manual 11 Project Wizard Input micro architecture configurations General Information The number of cores Level of private caches Level 1 cache configuration Cache Size Bytes 8192 Cache Associativity 4 Line Size Bytes 8 Hit Latency 1 Bus configuration
15. rder please determine the schedule and select the source files for the tasks Core 0 Core 1 The number of tasks within the schedule 2 S Add New Task Name Files Added 1 ADD fdct home Mingsong WCET McAiT bench 2 ADD bs home Mingsong WCET McAiT bench al D gt lt Back Next gt Cancel Fig 7 Configuring task schedules to it In McAiT Rev1 0 the interface is like a table In future versions we will enable McAiT to let users input loop bounds on the CFG of each program In parallel to inputting loop bounds the user can also perform cache anal ysis based on AI This is done by clicking the entry Cache Analysis in the Analysis menu The result of cache analysis is the Cache Hit Miss Classifi cation for each instruction of the program In the current version of McAiT the result is not displayed But only if this step is finished can future analysis steps start 5 5 WCET Analysis by AI MC After cache analysis McAiT is able to generate the Timed Automata model for the system The user can just click the TA Generation item in the Analysis menu to do this When finished the user can click the FCFS TA Model entry sub to the root item of the project to view the generated TA model Currently we only display the raw content of the model as illustrated in Figure 13 but users can user the UPPAAL model checker to open the model and show it in a graphical way
16. refix in the configuration step 4 Mingsong Lv Nan Guan Wang Yi Ge Yu 3 Possible build errors In building simpleutils one might encounter an error like ldlex 1 589 7 error yy_current_buffer undeclared first use in this function To correct this error edit the file DIR simpleutils 990811 1d ldlex 1 at line 588 change yy_current_buffer to YY_CURRENT_BUFFER save the file and re build the package In making the GCC an error like cp patched sys cdefs h sslittle na sstrix include sys cp cannot create regular file sslittle na sstrix include sys no such file or directory This is mainly because you are not logged in as the root user Please edit the file Makefile in DIR gcc 2 7 2 3 go to line 459 there should be the command cp comment this line by adding before this line and manually copy the file or switch to root user to make the tools In making the GCC an error like decl c 3605 27 error lvalue required as increment operand Please go to directory DIR gcc 2 7 2 3 and edit the obstack h file at line 341 change void __o gt next_free void datum to void _o gt next_freet t void datum If you have other problems in building the GCC tool please refer to the FixedErrors pdf and simplescalar_install_notes pdf given at the McAiT web site to find solutions If the cross compiler has been success
17. s 990811 Configure the tool to the correct platform configure host i386 linux target sslittle na sstrix with gnu as with gnu ld prefix DIR Where should be replaced with the correct linux version the user is using For example if you are using Fedora Linux just replace with fedora Build and install the binary utilities make all install If the above process is successful the utilities should be available in DIR sslittle na sstrix bin 2 Build the SimpleScalar GCC In the first step remember to set the system path environment so that when building the cross platform GCC the utilities are correctly found This can be done by executing the command below in the command line or by editing the bash_profile under the user s home directory If you try to edit the profile remember to re login to make the change take effect This is a mandatory step export PATH PATH DIR sslittle na sstrix bin Unpack the GCC package and go into its sub directory tar xzvi gcc 2 2 3 tgz cd DIR gcc 2 7 2 3 Configuration before make the tool configure host i386 linux target sslittle na sstrix with gnu as with gnu ld prefix DIR enable languages c Make the tool make make install Now if the make is successful the GCC executables are installed in the direc tory DIR bin If the user wants to install the executables in other directories please change the parameter for p
18. s section briefly introduces the main functions of McAiT including project management analysis management etc 4 1 Managing Projects McAIT A Timing Analyzer for Multi Core Real Time Software Analysis Window Help New Project Ctrl N Open Project Ctrl 0 Recent Projects gt Close Project Ctrl w Close All Save Project Ctrl S Save Project As Ctrl Shift S Save All Preferences Exit Fig 2 The Project Menu McAiT Rev 1 0 User Manual 7 Each WCET analysis task is treated as a project in McAiT Project man agement functionalities are organized in the Project menu of the tool as il lustrated in Figure 2 The functions of each menu item is as follows New Project creating a new WCET analysis project A project wizard will lead the user to make a project of which the detailed steps will be shown in the next section Open Project opening an existing project The tool will pop up a dialog to let the user locate an existing McAiT project in the file system Recent Projects This menu item has a sub menu which shows the last 10 projects that has been opened by McAiT One can directly open a recent project by clicking the corresponding item as long as the project files are not moved or deleted Close Project closing the currently high lighted project if any Close A11 closing all opened projects Note that McAiT allows users to open multiple projects at the same time
19. st Service bus to access the main memory We allocate two tasks on each core 5 1 Creating a Project Creating a project involves 3 major steps The first step is to input the name and the location of the project as illustrated in Figure 5 If there is a project with the same name in the same directory then a dialog will pop up notifying the conflict 10 Mingsong Lv Nan Guan Wang Yi Ge Yu Project Wizard Project Name and Path This wizard will help you to create a new WCET analysis project Please input project name and select the project path Project names contains no more than 256 letters numbers with no intermediate spaces Project Name FcfsDemo Project Path home Mingsong WCET McAiT Projects Browse i Cancel Fig 5 Input project name and path The second step is to configure the target hardware by inputting micro architectural features as illustrated in Figure 6 Information required are the number of cores the number of cache levels cache size cache line size cache associativity hit latency of the cache bus type bus service time and slot size for TDMA bus Invalid inputs will be rejected The third step is to configure the schedule on each core which is shown in Figure 7 Currently we only support static schedules in which a series of tasks runs one after another For example if in the previous step a dual core processor is configured then two tab pages will be disp
20. tallation of McAiT and how users can obtain them The installation process is detailed in Section 3 Section 4 gives the main func tions of McAiT according to its menu organization Section 5 uses a complete example to demonstrate how to use McAiT Documents related to McAiT are listed as follows which are available at the McAiT website http www neu rtes org mcait Document 1 gives the internal techniques of McAiT Document 2 gives an description of the McAiT tool This document 3 mainly serves as a user manual to show how to use McAiT 2 Download List To use McAiT one should download the following packages software 2 Mingsong Lv Nan Guan Wang Yi Ge Yu 1 McAiT tar gz This is the package for the McAiT tool which is pre compiled for the 32 bit Linux platform 2 gcc 2 7 2 3 tgz This is the SimpleScalar distribution of GCC compiler which is modified by the CHRONOS team The objective of this tool is to compile benchmark source codes into the binaries of SimpleScalar ISA 3 simpleutils 990811 tar gz and simpletools 2v0 tgz The packages con tain GNU binutils source retargeted to the SimpleScalar architecture The utilities help the GCC in the compilation 4 uppaal 4 1 3 zip Academic version This is the latest academic version of UPPAAL which is invoked by McAiT to find the WCET of each program when the Timed Automata model of the system is automatically generated 5 lp_solve_5 5 tgz This is a fr
21. tsort Source files Dis File CFG ILP WCET TA Model for FCFS Bus WCET estimation by ILP 63 453 WCET estimation by MC 44 486 Fig 14 The WCET for a program References 1 Mingsong Lv Wang Yi Nan Guan and Ge Yu Combining Abstract Interpretation with Model Checking for Timing Analysis of Multicore Software In the 31st IEEE Real Time Systems Symposium RTSS 2010 2 Mingsong Lv Nan Guan Wang Yi and Ge Yu McAiT A Timing Analyzer for Multicore Real Time Software Submitted to the tool paper track of ATVA 2011 3 Mingsong Lv Nan Guan Wang Yi and Ge Yu McAiT Rev 1 0 User Manual http www neu rtes org mcait McAiT Rev 1 0 User Manual 17 McAiT A Timing Analyzer for Multi Core Real Time Software Opened Projects amp Project FcfsDemo Core 0 Schedule O ILP formulation E3 v FcfsDemo Configurations Max vies 2 648b0 324b1 405b2 648b3 243b4m 6b4h 81b5 21222b6m 524b6h 243b7 Vv S 0 fdet 243b8m 6b8h 81b9 27945b10m 690b10h 324b11 Source files 3 Dis File 4 tcfg constraints CFG 5 Sta 1 5 dsta 0 1 WCET 7 b0 d0_3 0 e 8 bO dSta_0 0 os files bl dl_2 0 ae bl d11 1 0 Dis File gt CFG ILP WCET v Core 1 v S 0 matmult Source files Dis File CFG ILP WCET v S 1 insertsort Source files Dis File 0 CFG 0 ILP 0 TA Model for FCFS Bus i Jl new Al cache constraints for FM instructions
22. ulation gt Automatic Analysis gt Terminate Analysis gt Clear All Fig 3 The Analysis Menu each program This step is enabled only if the programs have been compiled and disassembled Input Flow Information pop up a dialog to let the user input loop bounds for all programs This step is enabled only if the CFG of all programs are recon structed Cache Analysis Perform private instruction cache analysis based on Ab stract Interpretation This step is possible only if the CFG of all programs are reconstructed TA Generation Generate the Timed Automata model for the system This step is enabled only if the loop bounds have been set and cache analysis is finished ILP Formulation Generate the ILP formulation for each program if the user choose to use the traditional Implicit Path Enumeration technique for WCET analysis This step is enabled under the same condition to TA Generation WCET Calculation Calculate the WCET of each program by either letting UPPAAL to run the TA models for the system or letting an ILP solver to run the ILP formulations This depends on the analysis technique the user chooses to use Automatic Analysis Besides the above step by step analysis method McAiT allows users to perform automatic WCET analysis by either model checking and IPET The analysis steps will run one after another only interrupted in the middle to let the user input the loop bounds McAiT Rev 1 0 User Manual 9
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