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SR5500 User Manual - Spirent Knowledge Base

1. RST Resolutio EXAMPLE 1 VR5 gt CON LIB DUAL_2X2_UNI VR5 gt RLINK AB33 CHM 2 SYSTem RLINK AB PHAse SYSTem RLINK AB PHAse DESCRIPTION Set digital phase of the radio link PARAMETERS Parameter Range RST Resolutio n real 360 0 to 360 0 0 0 1 SYSTem RLINK AB RELPower SYSTem RLINK AB RELPower HE ri DESCRIPTION Set the relative power of this radio link between the MIMO Sub Channels 76 VR5 HD Spatial Channel Emulator User Manual PARAMETERS Parameter Range RST Resolutio n real 30 to 30 dB 0 0 0 1 SYSTem RLINK AB ABSPower DESCRIPTION Query the absolute power of this radio link PARAMETERS Parameter Range RST Resolutio n real SYSTem RLINK BA STATe SYSTem RLINK BA STATe DESCRIPTION Set and query the state of a radio link PARAMETERS Parameter Range RST Resolutio n bool ON OFF ON Chapter Four RPI Command Reference 77 SYSTem RLINK BA CONNected DESCRIPTION Query whether a particular Radio Link is connected in the current connection setup PARAMETERS Parameter Range RST Resolutio n NOT GI oe This is a read only parameter that returns information about the connection setup not the configurable Radio Link enabl
2. real 380 to 6000 MHz 900 0 001 NOT jE ji 96 VR5 HD Spatial Channel Emulator User Manual Dependent on the hardware availability and purchased options NOTE 2 Input connected via and Output frequencies of other ports that are MIMO links will be configured as well SYSTem PORT SYSTem PORT B CFACtor B CFACtor DESCRIPTION PARAMETERS Parameter Range RST Resolutio n real 15 to 35 dB 15 0 1 SYSTem PORT DESCRIPTION B OVERload Query the overload state of the specified channel PARAMETERS Parameter Range RST Resolutio n NOTE 1 Off 0 No overload since last cleared On 1 Overload has occurred since last cleared Chapter Four RPI Command Reference 97 SYSTem PORT B CLROVerload DESCRIPTION Clear the Overload Indicator for the specified channel PARAMETERS Parameter Range RST Resolutio n SYSTem PORT B INSTindex DESCRIPTION Query which instrument the specified logical port is mapped to PARAMETERS Parameter Range RST Resolutio n SYSTem PORT B PHYSname DESCRIPTION Query the physical port the specified logical port is mapped to Returns an integer 1 16 mapping to the port number on the front panel of the VRS PARAMETERS Parameter Range RST Resolutio n NOTE 1 98
3. RST Resolutio SYSTem CHM PROP GCM PATH NUMScatterers DESCRIPTION Query the number of scatterers for the given path PARAMETERS Parameter Range n RST Resolutio SYSTem CHM PROP GCM PATH RPLoss 118 VR5 HD Spatial Channel Emulator User Manual SYSTem CHM PROP GCM PATH RPLoss DESCRIPTION Set or query the Relative Path Loss for the given path PARAMETERS Parameter Range RST Resolutio n 0 to 32 dB 0 0 1 SYSTem CHM PROP PATH DELay VALue SYSTem CHM PROP PATH DELay VALue DESCRIPTION Set the Fixed Delay for the given path of the given channel PARAMETERS Parameter Range RST Resolutio n real 0 to 100 us 0 0 0001 PI SYSTem CHM PROP PATH DELay MOD SYSTem CHM PROP PATH DELay MODE J DESCRIPTION Set the Delay Mode for the given path of the given channel PARAMETERS Parameter Range RST Resolutio n Chapter Four RP Command Reference 119 string FIXed SDELay BDEath FIXed T SYSTem CHM PROP PATH DELay MOVProp DMIN SYSTem CHM PROP PATH DELay MOVProp DMIN Eal DESCRIPTION Set the moving propagation Delay Minimum for the given path of the given channel PARAMETERS Parameter Range RST Res
4. Figure 2 18 VR5 GUI RF Setup and Measurement To configure RF Setup and Measurement refer to Section 2 6 Connection Setup on page 9 2 9 1 Unit Number This indicates the VR5 that is being configured If your Connection Setup requires multiple VR5 units you can select the VR5 to configure by clicking the arrows above and below the unit number Chapter Two Operation Reference 27 2 9 2 Carrier Frequency You can configure a carrier frequency for each unique transmission frequency in the current setup This number is equal to the number of channel models indicated on the Connection Setup Diagram A sample diagram is shown in Figure 2 19 Diagram Figure 2 19 Connection Setup Diagram For example if the current Connection Setup is MIMO 2x2 BI_FDD you are required to set two carrier frequencies one for the Downlink and one for the Uplink 2 9 3 Input Set the input levels to match the RMS signal power at each input port of the VR5 2 9 3 1 Port This is the logical name of the input port The logical port name corresponds to a physical port as shown in the Connection Setup diagram in the Main View 2 9 3 2 Expected To achieve the best performance from the VR5 you must properly configure the input powers at the VR5 ports to match the RMS power of the input signals This can be done manually or through the Autoset function For bursty signals triggered mode input power measurements must
5. GI pHi oe Only correlation library entries which are valid with the current Connection Setup are displayed SYSTem CHM CORRelation MATRix ALLpaths DESCRIPTION 106 VR5 HD Spatial Channel Emulator User Manual Sets the channel correlation parameters for all paths in the system PARAMETERS Parameter Range n RST Resolutio real list Valid Corr Mtx SYSTem CHM CORRelation MATRix PATH VALue SYSTem CHM CORRelation MATRix PATH VALue DESCRIPTION Sets the channel correlation parameters for a given path in the system PARAMETERS Parameter Range n RST Resolutio SYSTem CHM PROP LIBrary SYSTem CHM PROP LIBrary DESCRIPTION Set propagation conditions from the propagation conditions library for the specified channel model index PARAMETERS Parameter Range n RST Resolutio string Valid Library Entry Default Chapter Four RPI Command Reference 107 SYSTem CHM PROP LIBAVail DESCRIPTION Query available propagation conditions in the library PARAMETERS Parameter Range RST Resolutio n NOT El oe The list of available propagation conditions library entries is filtered according to Fading Mode in the system SYSTem CHM PROP NUMPaths DESCRIPTION Query the number of paths in the specif
6. PROP PATH LOS DOPPler DESCRIPTION Query the LOS Doppler for the given path of the given channel PARAMETERS Parameter Range n RST Resolutio real 2000 to 2000 Hz 0 0 1 Chapter Four RPI Command Reference 127 SYSTem CHM PROP PATH LOS KRICian SYSTem CHM PROP PATH LOS KRICian DESCRIPTION Set or query the Rician K factor for the given path of the given channel PARAMETERS Parameter Range RST Resolutio n real 30 to 30 dB 0 0 1 SYSTem CHM PROP PATH MODulation SYSTem CHM PROP PATH MODulation DESCRIPTION Set or query the Modulation Type for the given path of the given channel PARAMETERS Parameter Range n RST Resolutio ra string NONE RAYLeigh RICian NON SYSTem CHM PROP PATH PHSHift SYSTem CHM PROP PATH PHSHift DESCRIPTION 128 VR5 HD Spatial Channel Emulator User Manual Set or query the Phase Shift for the given path of the given channel PARAMETERS Parameter Range n RST Resolutio real 0 to 360 deg 0 0 1 SYSTem CHM PROP PATH RPLoss SYSTem CHM PROP PATH RPLoss DESCRIPTION Set or query the Relative Path Loss for the given path of the given channel PARAMETERS Parameter Range RST Resolutio n r
7. 2 1 Instrument Control ssssssssseessseseesssseeeesssseceessssceeeseseeeessseeeossseeeesssseee 5 2 1 1 PG SOG oes eee et pe oo 5 2 1 2 Touchscreen based GU copisssteviwesccriarvanedieeivusnesioiosedanssverisieinedioonesncnea 5 2 1 3 Remote Programming Interface RPI cccccssssssssscscecccessesssssneeceeeees 5 2 2 VR5 Operating Conditions sssessssseseesssseeeesssseeeessssceeessseseessseeeesssese 6 PRE ON LE LUE LATE APP RS E E EA 6 2 4 Connecting the Controller Laptop to the VR5 sssessssssseeesssseesssseeesssseeee 6 2 5 VR5 Graphical User Interface Overview cccccsssssesccccssssccceeseeeeeeeees 8 DEM TOOUIDS cscicodesessrcvacscotadosescasticacnadtcaceantvncseoasedeesanaesmacdabacncdesamestoreeneseans 8 2 5 2 Play Pause Stop FOCING scsssucesssercsasscuswuects snisccsenseraasesrsoasiiasaeecdsadigeseo s 8 2 6 CONMECHOM SEL assassins 9 2 7 Channel Model sen nana near 11 2 7 1 Selecting the Fading MOG EC vesiciacccecscacccevcadocstacccencednatoarenaasssanneeenesasaceans 11 2 7 2 Configuring the Channel Model 12 2 8 Working with Libraries nes nains 21 2 8 1 Propagation Conditions ss 22 28 2 EE 1 6211 LU 10 saseacexeccaccsusscccycocus ued a E E E 24 26 3 Transferring Library FICS Eesti 25 2 9 RF Setup and Measurement sic sesesscececcdscncisenseswenssedes ta ianeenseseeasestwonsens 26 294 Unit NA nd dr Er on ne 26 2 9 2 Carrier FOQUENEY seisnes en e eiia Eia 27 29 3 ANDUL siaicssinc
8. Abort the DEE compile SYSTem DEE COMPile BEGin DESCRIPTION Begin a DEE compile SYSTem DEE COMPile FILE SYSTem DEE COMPile FILE DESCRIPTION Set and query the DEE emulation file for the given unit PARAMETERS Parameter Range RST Resolutio n string valid path filename SYSTem DEE COMPile STATus DESCRIPTION Chapter Four RPI Command Reference 135 Query the DEE compile status NOTE 1 Possible Responses Aborting Abort command received but not finished processing Aborted Compile was aborted Completed Compile completed successfully Failed Compile Failed Compiling Compile in process reported during initial compile before individual unit compile begins Compiling Unit X Y Complete o Compile in progress specifies unit and complete Compiling Unit X Complete Compile in progress reported when one unit is complete but the next not yet begun SYSTem DEE PAUSE SYSTem DEE PAUSE T DESCRIPTION Pause DEE fading or query DEE pause state SYSTem DEE PAUSEOnstate DESCRIPTION Pause DEE at a user specified state PARAMETERS Parameter Range RST Resolutio n Uint32 1 to last DEE State 136 VR5 HD Spatial Channel Emulator User Manual pol SYS
9. Ea NONE RAYLeigh NON SYSTem CHM PROP GCM PATH MSAS SYSTem CHM PROP GCM PATH MSAS DESCRIPTION Set or query the MS Angle Spread for the given path PARAMETERS Parameter Range n RST Resolutio 1 to 75 deg 30 0 0001 116 VR5 HD Spatial Channel Emulator User Manual SYSTem CHM PROP GCM PATH MSDirection SYSTem CHM PROP GCM PATH MSDirection DESCRIPTION Set the angle of MS velocity with respect to the MS broadside for the given path PARAMETERS Parameter Range RST Resolutio n 180 to 180 0 0 01 SYSTem CHM PROP GCM PATH MSPAS SYSTem CHM PROP GCM PATH MSPAS DESCRIPTION Set or query the MS Power Azimuth Spectrum for the given path PARAMETERS Parameter Range n RST Resolutio LAPLacian GAUSsian UNIForm LAPL SYSTem CHM PROP GCM PATH MSVelocity SYSTem CHM PROP GCM PATH MSVelocity DESCRIPTION Set or query the MS Velocity for the given path Chapter Four RPI Command Reference 117 PARAMETERS Parameter Range RST Resolutio n 0 to 5400 km h 10 0 01 SYSTem CHM PROP GCM PATH NUMMidpaths SYSTem CHM PROP GCM PATH NUMMidpaths DESCRIPTION Set or query the number of MidPaths for the given path PARAMETERS Parameter Range n
10. 2X2 Bidirectional Connection Setup Diagram If this connection setup is selected there are two tabs available in the template ChProp 1 and ChProp 2 Each tab can be used to set the following parameters e PX Status ON OFF Defines whether the particular path is enabled e PX Delay us Defines the delay of the particular path e PX Relative Path Loss dB Defines the relative path loss of the particular path e PX LOS AOA deg Defines the line of sight angle of arrival of the particular path Chapter Two Operation Reference 41 e PX K Factor dB Defines the Rician K factor of the particular path This setting is only meaningful if the path Fading Type was set to Rician in the non DEE mode prior to running DEE e PX Frequency Shift Hz Defines the frequency shift of the particular path e PX Doppler Velocity Km h Defines the Doppler velocity of the particular path This setting is only meaningful if the path Fading type was set to Rayleigh or Rician in the non DEE mode prior to running DEE Each of the above parameters can be manually set by editing the template You can also right click a row in the Excel spreadsheet to open the mport Propagation Conditions window as shown in Figure 2 34 From this window you can import a previously exported fading profile using the library view Note that this window will only display if the selected row is before the end of the emulation information Or
11. Chapter Two Operation Reference 17 A correlation matrix should be positive semi definite to be valid The VR5 automatically verifies the validity of the correlation matrix as you enter each element If the matrix is valid this is indicated by the Valid label as shown in Figure 2 12 If it is invalid this is indicated by an Invalid label Correlation Editor Properties Number of transmit antennas N 2 Number of receive antennas M 2 j Path 1 Copy To All Paths Im Clear Path Path Correlation Valid Channel Correlation Valid h11 1 0000 0 0000 0 0000 0 0000j 0 0000 0 0000 0 0000 0 0000 0 0000 0 0000 1 0000 0 0000 0 0000 0 0000 0 0000 0 0000 Figure 2 12 Correlation Validation If the correlation matrix for the current path is valid but that of another path is invalid that is indicated by the Channel Correlation label Values into the correlation matrix can be entered in any order However keep in mind that the values entered in the top left of the matrix affect the range of values in the bottom right of the matrix Because of these range dependencies the easiest way to enter the values is from top to bottom by tabbing through the matrix If you would like to use the same correlation matrix for all paths click the Copy To All Paths button To reset the correlation matrix of the current path to zero click the Clear Path button When you are finished making
12. Microsoft Corporation 8 9 2011 1 33MB 4 20 9876 0 3 02Micro Flash Memory Card Windows Driver O2Micro International LTD 7 23 2011 4 99MB 3 0 07 23 3 PerformanceTest v7 0 Passmark Software 10 6 2011 30 7MB 7 0 a PerformanceTest v7 0 64 bit Passmark Software 10 6 2011 32 4MB 7 0 B Roxio Creator Starter Roxio 7 23 2011 163GB 12 1 77 0 fm Setup1 Spirent Communications PAW 8 16 2011 23 6MB 1 0 0 Silicon Laboratories USBXpress Development Kit Silicon Laboratories Inc 10 11 2011 SLL C UTF 8 TeraTerm Pro with TTSSH2 4 53 10 11 2011 Visual Studio 2010 Prerequisites English Microsoft Corporation 9 9 2011 5 82MB 10 0 30319 A visual Studio 20 0 Tools for SQL Server Compact 3 5SP2 Microsoft Corporation 9 9 2011 10 7MB 4 0 8080 0 mmunications Uninstall 1 0 0 0 9 7 2011 Web Deployment Tool Change orporation 9 9 2011 3 09MB 1 1 0618 SE Windows Driver Package Dell Inc PBADRV System _REPAE 8 9 2011 09 11 2009 1 0 1 1 2 windows Live Essentials 2011 Microsoft Corporation 7 23 2011 15 4 3508 1109 E Windows Live Mesh ActiveX Control for Remote Connections Microsoft Corporation 7 23 2011 5 57MB 15 4 5722 2 WindowsFormsApplication1 Spirent Communications Wireless 9 8 2011 1 0 0 5 4 Spirent Communications Product version 66 6 666 Size 88 5 MB Figure 2 58 Uninstalling the VR5 HD Software 58 VR5 HD Spatial Channel Emulator User Manual 5 Ifa window displays asking if it is ok to modify prog
13. The emulation file can be modified using standard Excel methods The emulation file contains four tabs the Main ChProp MIMO and Correlation tabs The Main Tab The Main tab displays the connection setup and contains the buttons used to import and export DEE Files Additionally the main tab controls the following parameters Chapter Two Operation Reference 39 State Duration The duration for each state in units of seconds The minimum state duration allowed is 100 ms Note that although state duration is available for viewing in all of the tabs the setting in the main tab are used to determine the set state duration The minimum state duration you can set is 100 ms Power X Output For each of the output ports used in the connection setup the output power may be Set Port X AWGN Status For each of the output ports used in the connection setup the status of AWGN may be set on or off Port X C N Ratio dB For each of the output ports used in the connection setup the status of AWGN may be set on or off The Main tab also includes the following buttons that can be used to perform actions associated with generating a DEE file The Update Timestamp button updates the Timestamp Column in each of the tabs This column is useful when determining how much time it takes to reach state X especially when the state duration of individual states vary The Export DEE button is used to export the information in the te
14. 2 9 5 6 Receiver Bandwidth This is the bandwidth over which the total AWGN power is equal to the value as required by set signal to noise ratio Example For the following AWGN settings set output power 40 dBm C N 10 GB Receiver Bandwidth 20 MHz AWGN Bandwidth 25 MHz This implies AWGN power required N 30 dBm The AWGN power over 20 MHz is 30 dBm However the AWGN extends over the entire specified 25 MHz 2 9 5 7 Units There are two different units to configure the signal to noise ratio 1 Carrier to Noise C N The power of the band limited noise is set as a ratio of carrier power to noise in the bandwidth of the receiver 2 Carrier Bit Power Noise Power Spectral Density E N The power of the band limited noise is set as a ratio of carrier bit energy to noise power spectral density Use the drop down menu to specify the units you would like to use Relationship between C N and E N The carrier bit power and noise power in dBm can be calculated based on the following formula Eb dBm bps C dBm 10 log10 Bit Rate bps where Eb Bit power in dBm bps C carrier power in dBm Bit Rate bit rate of the carrier and N dBm No 10 log10 Receiver Bandwidth where N noise power in the receiver bandwidth in dBm No noise power spectral density in dBm Hz Receiver Bandwidth carrier bandwidth in Hz 2 9 5 8 Bit Rate Specify the bit rate of the carrier in kbps This
15. 7 2 2 Classical Channel Model Propagation Condition Parameters The following propagation condition parameters are available with the Classical Channel Models Fading Type The Fading Type can be set to Static Rayleigh or Rician Velocity and Doppler This parameter sets the velocity for each path The Carrier Frequency Doppler and Velocity parameters are interdependent When the Carrier Frequency is changed VR5 calculates the Doppler to maintain the currently set Velocity Spectrum Shape The VR5 allows you to select the Fading Spectrum Shape for each path with independently set status You can only set the Fading Spectrum Shape for paths that are set to Rayleigh or Rician Rician Parameters The following path parameters apply when the Path Status is set to Rician e Line of Site Angle of Arrival LOS AOA e Line of Site Doppler LOS Doppler e Rician K Factor Rician K The LOS AOA and LOS Doppler are dependent Setting one of these parameters causes the other to be reset to the appropriate calculated value The Carrier Frequency LOS AOA and LOS Doppler parameters are interdependent When the Carrier Frequency is changed the VR5 calculates the LOS Doppler to maintain the currently set LOS AOA Frequency Shift Each path can have an independent Frequency Shift associated with it If the Fading Type is set to static this is sometimes called Pure Doppler Chapter Two Operation Reference 15 Phase Shift Each
16. Date modified HE Desktop di DotNetFx40 6 11 2012 10 33 PM Downloads Ji vsrorao 6 11 2012 10 34 PM El Recent Places Windowsinstaller3_1 6 11 2012 10 34 PM T DoNotRun exe 6 11 2012 10 28 PM 4 Libraries ey DoNotRun msi 6 11 2012 10 29 PM Documents vrsinstall exe 6 11 2012 10 28 PM d Music E Pictures amp Videos a Homegroup a jE Computer amp 0s C READER D D ay Removable Disk F Microsoft Office Click Type Size File folder File folder File folder Application 687 KB Windows Installer 81 102 KB Application 185 KB Figure 2 55 The VR5 Install Directory 9 Open the setup exe file and follow the instructions to install the latest version of Spirent VR5 software 10 During the installation process you may be prompted to upgrade instrument firmware Click Yes to install the new FW 56 VR5 HD Spatial Channel Emulator User Manual 2 14 2 Upgrading Software on the Laptop To upgrade the VR5 software on the laptop computer provided with the VR5 1 Connect the USB Flash Drive to one of the USB ports on the laptop 2 Select Start gt Control Panel as shown in Figure 2 56 Figure 2 56 Selecting Control Panel on the Laptop Chapter Two Operation Reference 57 3 Under Programs select Uninstall a program as shown in Figure 2 57 EF Control Panel Control Panel Adjust your computer s settings a ay System and Security Review your comput
17. IP client and need to view what is being typed 62 VR5 HD Spatial Channel Emulator User Manual 3 3 Migrating from SR5500 RPI 3 3 1 Compatibility The RPI commands set of VR5 is designed to take full advantage of the hardware platform and ease of programing It also caters the users RPI programing habit of the SR5500 channel emulator If you are familiar with SR5500 RPI programing it is easy to migrate to VR5 programing Nonetheless the RPI of SR5500 and VRS are not compatible at code level due to a much rich set of functionality available in the latter 3 3 2 Logical Identification One major change in the RPI commands from SR5500 to VRS is that the identification of channels radio links and ports is logical The mapping between logical and physical objects is shown in the corresponding diagram for the connection setup used Connection Setup 2X2BI_FDD Figure 3 3 2x2 Bi directional Connection Diagram Logical and Physical Identifications For example in Figure 3 3 the 2x2 Bi directional connection has four physical ports PORT 1 2 7 8 and four logical ports A1 A2 B1 B2 There are two channel models in the connection one from A to B side the other from B to A side In SR5500 this connection requires two units In this example we assume Unit 1 corresponds to the 2x2 uni directional channel from A to B and Unit 2 from B to A Chapter Three Remote Programming Interface 63 3 3 2 1 Query Path Par
18. Level Range 0 dBm 2 dB Input Level PPM from 10 MHz lt 2 PPM Internal 10 MHz Reference Connector Type 50Q BNC connector rear Output Level Range 0 dBm Type OCXO Accuracy lt 1 PPM A VR5 Circuit Breaker Operation The circuit breaker on the rear panel is for the safe disconnection of power to the VR5 in the event of an overload condition In the event of a circuit breaker trip perform the following steps 1 Unplug the VR5 power cord from the wall outlet or unplug the power cord from the receptacle on the rear panel of the VR5 Wait 2 minutes Reset the circuit breaker Reconnect the power cord If the circuit breaker stays on proceed with normal power up and operation If the circuit breaker trips again disconnect power cord and do not use the VR5 NO OOo pi AO Contact Spirent Global Services CUSTOMER SERVICE CENTER CSC Online Support http support spirent com TELEPHONE SUPPORT Follow the interactive voice menu to reach support for the proper product line You may also select administrative assistance or technical support North America 1 800 SPIRENT 1 800 774 7368 Outside North America 1 818 676 2616 China mainland only 86 800 810 9529 Asia Pacific 86 10 8233 0033 Europe Middle East and Africa 33 1 6137 2270 E MAIL SUPPORT To open a new Service request for technical or administrative issues via e mail contact support spirent com A VR5 Utilisation du Disjoncteu
19. Logical Id al serais dures 62 3 4 VRS RPI Command Protocol Essen 64 34a Command TYPES sorre edn as 64 34 2 PROGION MESSAGES ssa nicssiscutacies sabesassasusiacssaasie ssnsshea tentes ressens tente 64 3 4 3 Command Sequence do ccsesesssicsddevesceierisacaiscedsatsesasd adtaedeseanretacaancaccianee 65 Mdr Response FONG i cieavscsibevinboreaiasdeedeatsisnansicesiavind hosanctesienpictoeeuneay 66 3 4 5 Long Form and Short Form of Mnemonics ss 66 3 4 6 Hierarchical Default Format ss 67 3 4 7 Error MESSAGE FONMNOsrsnssissanisstaineesestissediehna nn leniescsset le 67 4 RPI Command Reference cccccccscscscccsccccccccccccccccccccccccccccsescseess OO 4 1 6 TE LE UT 68 4 2 RPI Command Set Descriptions 68 Table of Contents 111 5 Channel Modeling Reference cssccccccssssscscccssssscscccccsssccccsesses L4O 51s OVEIMIEW sainicsvapniasiacicnsuiiestorapteumsnSinnaeuastbess ESEE EE SEK E 140 5 2 Power Delay Profile PDP si etais 141 5 3 Static Relative Path Delay ss 142 BA OU DEAN he nd unten 142 5 5 Time Varying Relative Path Delay 143 5 5 1 Moving Propagation Sliding Relative Path Delay 143 5 5 2 Birth Death Time varying Relative Path Delay 144 5 6 Relative Path LOSS insiste tienne t tons 145 Drei ELLES e E E A E Guia eee 146 5 7 1 Rayleigh Fading Amplitude Distribution ccccccecccececeeceesceeeceeseeees 146 5 7 2 Rician Fading Amplitude Distribution 148 5 7 3 F
20. PARAMETERS Parameter Range n RST Resolutio 0 1 to 100 10 BS 5 MS 0 01 SYSTem ANTenna MSAConfig SYSTem ANTenna MSAConfig DESCRIPTION Set or query the Mobile Station antenna configuration PARAMETERS Parameter Range RST Resolutio n VERtical XPOL VERtical SYSTem ANTenna PATTern AM SYSTem ANTenna PATTern AM DESCRIPTION Set or query the max attenuation of the antenna pattern PARAMETERS Parameter Range RST Resolutio n 0 to 30 qB 20 0 1 SYSTem ANTenna PATTern STATe SYSTem ANTenna PATTern STATe Chapter Four RPI Command Reference 139 ESCRIPTION nable or disable the antenna pattern ti PARAMETERS Parameter Range RST Resolutio n OFF ON OFF SYSTem ANTenna PATTern THETa3db SYSTem ANTenna PATTern THETa3db DESCRIPTION Set or query the Theta 3dB for the antenna pattern PARAMETERS Parameter Range RST Resolutio n 0 to 180 deg 65 0x1 SYSTem BST LIBrary SYSTem BST LIBrary DESCRIPTION PARAMETERS Parameter Range RST Resolutio n SYSTem BST LIBAVailable DESCRIPTION 5 Channel Modeling Reference oo O O Oll 5 1 Overview Wireless communication is a demanding application that requires complex air interface protocols to seamlessly inte
21. PARAMETERS Parameter Range n RST Resolutio SYSTem PORT A ASTatus DESCRIPTION Query the Autoset status for the specified channel PARAMETERS Parameter Range n RST Resolutio SYSTem PORT A INTerferer MODe SYSTem PORT A INTerferer MODe DESCRIPTION Set the Interferer Mode for the specified channel PARAMETERS Parameter Range RST Resolutio n string OFF AWGN OFF SYSTem PORT A INTerferer CTON SYSTem PORT A INTerferer CTON DESCRIPTION Set the C N ratio for the specified channel The corresponding query returns the set C N ratio in dB Chapter Four RPI Command Reference 87 PARAMETERS Parameter Range n real 30 to 32 dB NOTE 1 system parameters The actual range RST Resolutio will vary based on the state of other SYSTem PORT SYSTem PORT A INTerferer A INTerferer DESCRIPTION Set the Eb No ratio for the query returns the set Eb No PARAMETERS Parameter Range n real 4 to 58 dB NOTE 1 The actual range system parameters EBNO EBNO specified channel The corresponding ratio in dB RST Resolutio 26 Ov will vary based on the state of other SYSTem PORT A IN Terferer SYSTem PORT A IN1 DESCRIPTION Set th Terferer Interfere
22. Range RST n in dBm Resolutio SYSTem PORT B EFASure ITYP SYSTem PORT B MEASure ITYPE a E 104 VR5 HD Spatial Channel Emulator User Manual DESCRIPTION Set the Input Measurement type for the power meter of the specified channel PARAMETERS Parameter Range RST Resolutio n string CONTinuous TRIGgered CONTinuous E SYSTem PORT B MEASure OTYP SYSTem PORT B MEASure OTYP E DESCRIPTION Set the Output Measurement type for the power meter of the specified channel PARAMETERS Parameter Range RST Resolutio n string MEASured CALCulated MEASured SYSTem CHM BYPass SYSTem CHM BYPass ESCRIPTION Enable or disable the Bypass mode of the specified channel PARAMETERS Parameter Range n RST Resolutio Chapter Four RPI Command Reference 105 bool OFF ON OFF SYSTem CHM CORRelation LIBrary SYSTem CHM CORRelation LIBrary DESCRIPTION Select and Apply correlation matrix from the correlation library PARAMETERS Parameter Range RST Resolutio n string Valid Library Entry Uncorrelated SYSTem CHM CORRelation LIBAVailable DESCRIPTION Query available correlation matrices in the library PARAMETERS Parameter Range RST Resolutio n NOT
23. Resolutio n real 15 to 35 dB 15 0 1 84 VR5 HD Spatial Channel Emulator User Manual SYSTem PORT A O0VERload DESCRIPTION Query the overload state of the specified channel PARAMETERS Parameter Range RST Resolutio n NOTE 1 Off 0 No overload since last cleared On 1 Overload has occurred since last cleared SYSTem PORT A CLROVerload DESCRIPTION Clear the Overload Indicator for the specified channel PARAMETERS Parameter Range RST Resolutio n SYSTem PORT A INSTindex DESCRIPTION Query which instrument the specified logical port is mapped to PARAMETERS Parameter Range RST Resolutio n Chapter Four RPI Command Reference 85 SYSTem PORT A PHYSname DESCRIPTION Query the physical port the specified logical port is mapped to Returns an integer 1 16 mapping to the port number on the front panel of the VRS PARAMETERS Parameter Range RST Resolutio n NOTE 1 The PHYSname query is dependent on the current connection setup SYSTem PORT A BAUToset DESCRIPTION Begin the Autoset for the specified input port PARAMETERS Parameter Range RST Resolutio n SYSTem PORT A AABort DESCRIPTION Abort the Autoset for the specified input port 86 VR5 HD Spatial Channel Emulator User Manual
24. VR5 HD Spatial Channel Emulator User Manual The PHYSname query is dependent on the current connection setup SYSTem PORT B BAUToset DESCRIPTION Begin the Autoset for the specified input port PARAMETERS Parameter Range RST Resolutio n SYSTem PORT B AABort DESCRIPTION Abort the Autoset for the specified input port PARAMETERS Parameter Range RST Resolutio n SYSTem PORT B ASTatus DESCRIPTION Query the Autoset status for the specified channel PARAMETERS Parameter Range RST Resolutio n Chapter Four RPI Command Reference 99 SYSTem PORT B INTerferer MODe SYSTem PORT B INTerferer MODe DESCRIPTION Set the Interferer Mode for the specified channel PARAMETERS Parameter Range RST n string OFF AWGN OFF Resolutio SYSTem PORT B INTerferer CTON SYSTem PORT B INTerferer CTON DESCRIPTION Set the C N ratio for the specified channel The corresponding query returns the set C N ratio in dB PARAMETERS Parameter Range RST n real 30 to 32 dB 0 NOTE 1 Resolutio The actual range will vary based on the state of other system parameters SYSTem PORT B INTerferer EBNO SYSTem PORT B INTerferer EBNO 100 VR5 HD Spatial Channel Emulator User Manual DESCRIPTION Set
25. be enabled through Configure gt Power Meter Options 28 VR5 HD Spatial Channel Emulator User Manual 2 9 3 3 Autoset Autoset optimally adjusts the RF front end of the port based on power levels that are entering the port at that time It ensures accurate power levels at the output of the instrument and optimizes dynamic range It may not be appropriate for bursty signals or signals that vary widely in average power eg UE Transmitters 2 9 4 Output 2 9 4 1 Port This is the logical name of the output port The logical port name corresponds to a physical port as shown in the Connection Setup diagram in the Main View 2 9 4 2 Set Power Set the desired output power level for this port In order for the output power level to be accurate the Expected Input power field should be correctly set manually or through the Autoset function For bursty signals triggered mode input power measurements must be enabled in the Configure menu 2 9 4 3 Measured This is the measured output power on the port Averaging and triggering for this measurement can be set in the Configure menu 2 9 4 4 Enable Enables and disables the signal on the output port A checked box indicates that the output port is enabled 2 9 5 AWGN You can view and set the AWGN settings for each RF output port using the columns under AWGN 2 9 5 1 Enable To enable AWGN interference select Enable 2 9 5 2 Set Ratio To set the ratio of the signal to n
26. changes to the correlation matrix and click the Save button If necessary enter a name and description to the correlation and click OK The correlation is saved in the Library under the User Created folder 2 8 3 Transferring Library Files All files created in the Library reside on the VR5 hardware To transfer files from one VR5 to another use the Import Export buttons provided on Library window This applies to library files for Propagation Conditions and Correlation 1 Connect your controller laptop running the VR5 GUI to the VR5 with the configuration file you want to transfer a From the VR5 GUI i Click the Export button ii Navigate to the location on the hard drive of the laptop you would like to save the file in iii Name the file and click Save Connect your controller laptop to the VR5 to which you want to transfer the library file a From the VR5 GUI i Click the Import button ii Navigate to the location where you saved the library file iii Select the file and click Open b The file is now part of your library 26 VR5 HD Spatial Channel Emulator User Manual 2 9 RF Setup and Measurement Configure the RF settings for your test through the RF Setup and Measurement section in the VR5 GUI Main view This section shown in Figure 2 18 allows you to view and set RF input output levels carrier frequencies and AWGN settings OUTPUT 00 00 00 0 STOPPED Connected to 192 168 0 151
27. click the Library button as shown in Figure 2 15 22 VR5 HD Spatial Channel Emulator User Manual oureut Ss Connected to 192 168 0 151 Figure 2 15 Library Button 2 The following sections display in the library Propagation Conditions Correlation Connection Setup These sections are explained in detail in the following sections 2 8 1 Propagation Conditions This section explains how to use the Propagation Conditions section of the Library to view existing standardized user created files and to create your own file 1 Click Propagation Conditions Chapter Two Operation Reference 23 2 Propagation Conditions Library B C3 User Created AS 2 N Selected 4 CDMA2000 EVA5 r RPI LTE_EVA5 E3 GSM C 9 Paths 5 Hz a LTE are Path 1 Ous 0dB gt EPA5 Path 2 0 03 us 1 5 dB gt ETU300 Path 3 0 15 us 1 4 dB oS o gt ETU70 DEVAS Power Delay Profile gt EVA70 k gt High Speed Train E C3 MIMO OTA 9 E C3 UMTS 0 E3 WiMAX _ E3 Wireless LAN w o 0 u 0 Relative Power dB D 0 SJ o 80 o 0 5 1 1 5 2 2 5 Delay us B Fixed Delay E Moving Propagatior Birth Death Close Figure 2 16 Propagation Conditions Library On the left of the window is a collapsible list of propagation conditions classified by industry standards technology If you select a particular
28. e Change the delay of Path 2 for propagation condition 2 e Modify the correlation matrix associated with propagation conditions 1 and 2 2 12 3 Dynamic Environment Emulation DEE View The VRS is capable of dynamically changing the current state of a number of Path and Channel parameters These changes can be setup in a table using Microsoft Excel 2 12 3 1 Accessing the Dynamic Environment Emulation View Access the DEE view by selecting the Dynamic Environment Emulation view from the menu as shown in Figure 2 43 File Configure Exec Figure 2 43 Dynamic Environment Emulation DEE View 2 12 3 2 Selecting an Emulation File Select the Emulation file by clicking the Choose Source button and selecting the file from the exported location as shown in Figure 2 44 Chapter Two Operation Reference 49 DEE Setup Start Method Free Play Play Method wWrap Around OPlay for 1 Loop s nn DEE Advanced Control v Show Figure 2 44 DEE Setup Selecting the Source File 2 12 4 DEE in Detail 2 12 4 1 Enabling DEE Download the DEE File to the VR5 by clicking the Enable DEE button When DEE is enabled the following sequence of events occurs 1 The setting of all non DEE related parameters is disabled Parameters cannot be modified until DEE is disabled Attempting to set a non DEE related parameter results in an error message similar Figure 2 45 p Error 5 Failed to load the reque
29. may be found on the instrument Familiarize yourself with each symbol and its meaning before operating this instrument A Instruction manual symbol The product is marked with this symbol when it is necessary for you to refer to the instruction manual to protect against damage to the instrument Protective ground earth terminal Used to identify any terminal which is intended for connection to an external protective conductor for protection against electrical shock in case of a fault or to the terminal of a protective ground earth electrode Indicates dangerous voltage terminals fed from the interior by voltage exceeding 1000 volts must be so marked rh Caution oY Frame terminal A connection to the frame chassis of the equipment which normally includes all exposed metal structures The caution sign denotes a hazard It calls attention to an operating procedure practice condition or the like which if not correctly performed or adhered to could result in damage to or destruction of part or all of the product or your data Alternating current power line R sum des r gles de s curit Si le mat riel est utilis d une fa on non conforme aux sp cifications du constructeur la protection assur e par le mat riel peut tre mise en d faut Symboles de s curit Les symboles suivants sont utilis s dans tout le manuel et peuvent tre trouv s sur le mat riel Il est recommand d
30. n real 50 to 0 dBm 30 0 1 SYSTem PORT A MEASure IAVGexp SYSTem PORT A MEASure IAVGexp 90 VR5 HD Spatial Channel Emulator User Manual DESCRIPTION Set the number of Input averages for power meter of the specified channel Averages will be 2 real PARAMETERS Parameter Range RST Resolutio n real 1 to 26 4 1 SYSTem PORT A MEASure OAVGexp SYSTem PORT A MEASure OAVGexp DESCRIPTION Set the number of Output averages for power meter of the specified channel Averages will be 2 real PARAMETERS Parameter Range RST Resolutio n real 1 to 10 4 1 SYSTem PORT A MEASure ILEVel DESCRIPTION Query the measured input level for the specified channel in dBm PARAMETERS Parameter Range RST Resolutio n Chapter Four RPI Command Reference 91 SYSTem PORT A MEASure OLEVel DESCRIPTION Query the measured input level for the specified channel in dBm PARAMETERS Parameter Range n RST Resolutio SYSTem PORT A MEASure ITYPE SYSTem PORT A MEASure ITYPE DESCRIPTION Set the Input Measurement type for the power meter of the specified channel PARAMETERS Parameter Range RST Resolutio n string CONTinuous TRIGgered CONTinuous SYSTem PORT A MEASure OTYPE SYST
31. path can have an independently associated Phase Shift setting Delay Mode The delay mode can be set to Fixed Sliding Delay or Birth Death Fixed Delay Sets the amount of fixed delay associated with each path Sliding Delay Sliding Delay can be applied to a path by setting the Sliding Delay Parameters grid Birth Death Delay The VR5 allows any number of paths to have Birth Death Delay To setup a path for Birth Death Delay use the Delay Mode column and select Birth Death Relative Path Loss Each path can have its own relative fixed loss To set the Relative Path Loss use the corresponding column If only one path is enabled the Relative Path Loss setting is not relevant Log Normal Parameters Each path can have Log Normal fading enabled You can also set the Rate and Standard Deviation of Log Normal Bulk Delay Defines an additional amount of delay applied to each path in the model 2 7 2 3 Correlation To view edit the Correlation Matrix If you have selected Classical Channel Models as the Fading Mode a Correlation column displays next to Propagation Conditions 16 VR5 HD Spatial Channel Emulator User Manual 1 Click the row corresponding to the Channel Model whose Correlation you would like to view or change A field displays as shown in Figure 2 10 Clicking the arrow displays a list of the 10 most recently accessed Propagation Conditions LTE 2x2 Medium ei Figure 2 10 Selec
32. propagation condition the right side of the window provides an overview of the chosen conditions along with a visual display of its power delay profile 2 8 1 1 1 Click the New button Creating a New Propagation Conditions File The Propagation Conditions Editor displays 2 Create your desired propagation conditions and click the Save button 3 Enteraname and description for the propagation conditions and click OK 4 The new propagation conditions are saved in the Library under the User Created folder 24 VR5 HD Spatial Channel Emulator User Manual 2 8 1 2 Editing a Standardized Propagation Conditions File 1 Select the propagation conditions and click the Edit button The Propagation Conditions Editor displays 2 Make changes to the propagation conditions and click the Save button 3 Ifnecessary enter a name and description for the edited propagation conditions and click OK 4 The edited propagation conditions are saved in the Library under the User Created folder 2 8 2 Correlation This section explains how to use the Correlation section of the Library to view existing standardized user created correlation matrices and to create your own matrices Correlation Library a D LTE 2x2 Medium gt 1x2 High RPI LTE_2x2_Medium gt 1x2 Low gt 1x2 Medium 2x1 High N H gt 2x1 Medium f x mae C
33. radio links connected to that output port are adjusted up so that the total power of the port matches the set power in the RF Setup and Measurements panel 2 10 3 Link Phase This is an absolute phase in degrees that is applied to each radio link 2 11 Phase Calibration The VR5 has the ability to apply phases to individual input and output ports to calibrate your test setup for phase If phase calibration is done using the VR5 8600 in an MB5 system you do not need to use this window because all the steps are handled automatically by the Automatic Phase Calibration procedure Calibrate the phase by selecting Configure gt Port Phase Settings The Port Phase Settings window displays as shown in Figure 2 23 Chapter Two Operation Reference 33 Port Phase Parameters Output Ports Phase Deg Delay ns Phase Deg Delay ns Figure 2 23 Port Phase Settings Window The phase behavior of the VR5 is dependent on the RF settings input output power levels and the carrier frequency In addition these values apply only to the current Connection Setup For any given RF setting you can store the phase calibration values by clicking the Store button If you set all output power levels equal during the calibration the phase calibration values are accurate for a range of output power levels around the calibration point We recommend that you phase calibrate your VR5 for the different RF Settings and Connection S
34. the BS and D min is the BS Railway track distance both in meters v is the velocity of the train in m s t is time in seconds The actual shape of the frequency shift variation depends on the values of fd Ds 2 Dmin and v Figure 5 11shows the instantaneous frequency shift for Ds 1000 m Dmin 50m v 350km h and fd 1340 Hz 3GPP TS36 104 Scenario 1 1500 1000 500 Doppler Shift Hz oO 500 1000 1500 Time sec Figure 5 11 High Speed Train Frequency Shift vs Time 5 8 3 Phase Shift A static phase shift is a result of a constant random distance between the transmitter and receiver This distance is very rarely going to be an integer number of carrier wavelengths a non integer value will result in a static phase shift on the signal path The amount of phase shift can vary between 0 and 360 degrees 152 VR5 HD Spatial Channel Emulator User Manual 5 9 Slow Shadow Fading Slow or Shadow fading is the slow variation of the average signal power over time A plot of signal power versus time for Shadow fading is shown in Figure 5 12 Shadow fading is often characterized by a log normal amplitude distribution The time scale is much larger than that for Rayleigh fading as shown in Figure 5 7 The variation in signal strength at the receiver is due to blockage or absorption of the signal by large scale variations in the terrain profile and by changes in the nature of the
35. velocity with respect to the MS broadside MS Velocity Defines the Velocity of the MS LOS Enabled Allows the addition of a Line of Sight LOS path LOS AOD The LOS Angle of Departure AOD is the Angle of LOS direction between BS and MS with respect to the broadside of BS antenna array LOS AOA The LOS Angle of Arrival AOA is the Angle of LOS direction between MS and BS with respect to the broadside of MS antenna array This determines the Angle of Arrival of the LOS component LOS Doppler This is the component of the Doppler in the LOS direction LOS K Factor The K Factor is the ratio of power between the LOS component and the non LOS NLOS components for a path The K factor setting has a valid range of 30dB faded spectrum will dominate to 30dB LOS component will dominate The power is divided such that the LOS component will have a relative power of K K 1 and the power of the NLOS components is 1 K 1 Mid Paths Enabled Enables mid paths on the path Please refer to SCME specification for more information on mid paths Number of Mid paths When mid paths is enabled each path is composed of a number of mid paths Number of Scatterers per Mid path When mid paths is enabled each path is composed of a number of mid paths Relative Power per Mid path This is a read only field It defines the relative power of each mid path The sum of mid path powers for each path will be unity Excess Delay per Mid path Define
36. 1 T OCity SYSTem CHM PROP PATH DV SYSTem CHM PROP PATH DVE T Ocity DESCRIPTION Set or query the Fading Doppler Velocity for the given path of the given channel PARAMETERS Parameter Range n RST Resolutio real Range depends upon set Center frequency km h 50 0 001 El ji oe NOT the corresponding Doppler frequency not exceeding 4000 Hz SYSTem CHM PROP PATH FSHAPe SYSTem CHM PROP PATH FSHAPe DESCRIPTION Set or query the Fading Spectrum Shape for the given path of the given channel PARAMETERS 122 VR5 HD Spatial Channel Emulator User Manual Parameter Range RST Resolutio n string C3DB C6DB ROUNd FLAT R12DB C6DB SYSTem CHM PROP PATH FSHift VALue SYSTem CHM PROP PATH FSHift VALue DESCRIPTION Set or query the Frequency Shift for the given path of the given channel PARAMETERS Parameter Range RST Resolutio n real 2000 to 2000 Hz 0 0 01 GI SYSTem CHM PROP PATH FSHift MOD SYSTem CHM PROP PATH FSHift MODE GI J DESCRIPTION Set or query the Frequency Shift Mode PARAMETERS Parameter Range RST Resolutio n string FIXed HST FIXed SYSTem CHM PROP PATH FSHift HST INIDs Chapter Four RPI Command Refe
37. Advanced Settings Figure 2 4 Connection Setup 2 The Connection Setup Selection window displays all available Connection Setup configurations as shown in Figure 2 5 10 VR5 HD Spatial Channel Emulator User Manual Connection Setup Selection Selected E y Spirent 4x2 BiDirectional FDD gt 2x2 BiDirectional FDD RPI 4X2_BI_FDD 2x2 BiDirectional TDD 2x2 UniDirectional 4x2 BiDirectional FDD 4x2 BiDirectional TDD 4x2 UniDirectional Diagram 8X2 BiDirectional TDD Dual 2x2 BiDirectional FDD Combined Dual 2x2 BiDirectional TDD Combined FADING Dual 2x2 UniDirectional Octal 2x2 UniDirectional Octal SISO UniDirectional Quad 2x2 UniDirectional Quad SISO UniDirectional FS OS SE ae SS GS OS ee US Figure 2 5 Connection Setup Selection Window 3 Select the Connection Setup you would like to learn more about Note that a Setup does not take effect in the hardware until you click the OK button 4 Under the Selected section a verbal and visual description of the selected Connection Setup displays The text RPI 4X2_Bl_FDD in the above diagram gives you the name to use to refer to this connection setup from RPI 5 Under the Diagram section an illustration of the setup displays the following information a Physical cabling and connections inside the VR5 hardware for the highlighted Connection Setup Note that these connections are automatically made in
38. B for the specified channel 102 VR5 HD Spatial Channel Emulator User Manual PARAMETERS Parameter Range n RST Resolutio SYSTem PORT B MEASure TTHReshold SYSTem PORT B MEASure TTHReshold DESCRIPTION Set the Output Measurement type for the power meter of a specified channel PARAMETERS Parameter Range n RST Resolutio real 50 to 0 dBm 30 0 SYSTem PORT B MEASure IAVGexp SYSTem PORT B MEASure IAVGexp DESCRIPTION Set the number of Input averages for power meter of the specified channel Averages will be 2 real PARAMETERS Parameter Range RST Resolutio n real 1 to 26 4 1 SYSTem PORT B MEASure OAVGexp SYSTem PORT B MEASure OAVGexp Chapter Four RPI Command Reference 103 DESCRIPTION Set the number of Output averages for power meter of the channel Averages will be 2 real PARAMETERS Parameter Range RST n real 1 to 10 4 specified Resolutio SYSTem PORT B MEASure ILEVel DESCRIPTION Query the measured input level for the specified channel PARAMETERS Parameter Range RST n in dBm Resolutio SYSTem PORT B MEASure OLEVel DESCRIPTION Query the measured input level for the specified channel PARAMETERS Parameter
39. E Play the DEE File by clicking the Play button at the bottom of the GUI as shown in Figure 2 27 Figure 2 27 Play Button 8 Disabling DEE To disable and restore the instrument to its original state before the entering DEE Click the Stop button at the bottom of the GUI as shown in Figure 2 28 a Figure 2 28 Stop Button b Click the Disable DEE button as shown in Figure 2 29 This stops the DEE engine and restores the instrument to its original state before entering DEE 38 VR5 HD Spatial Channel Emulator User Manual DEE Setup Giles D ftproot SpirentiVR5 DEE Power_Step xstb Start Method Free Play Play Method Wrap Around Disable DEE Play for 1 Loop s Figure 2 29 Disable DEE Button 2 12 2 Creating a DEE File The DEE Template helps you easily create dynamically varying channel conditions by filling out a simple spreadsheet 2 12 2 1 Accessing the DEE Template The DEE Template is stored in the root directory of the VRS Installation This is usually C Program Files Spirent Communications VR5 The DEE template can also be accessed through the supplied Start menu shortcut or from the DEE menu in the GUI as shown in Figure 2 30 When accessed through the GUI the DEE template automatically sets the connection setup to match the currently selected connection setup in the GUI Figure 2 30 Creating New Emulation File 2 12 2 2 Using the DEE Template
40. E MODe DESCRIPTION Set the DEE Playback Mode to loop continuously to loop once or to loop a specific number of times PARAMETERS Parameter Range RST Resolutio n string WRAParound ONCE NUMber ONCE SYSTem DEE TYPe SYSTem DEE TYPe DESCRIPTION Set or query the DEE Trigger Mode to Free Run HW Triggered or State Triggered Chapter Four RPI Command Reference 133 PARAMETERS Parameter Range RST Resolutio n string FREErun TRIGgered STATetriggered FREErun SYSTem DEE CSTATe DESCRIPTION Query the current DEE state number SYSTem DEE CLOOP DESCRIPTION Query the current DEE loop number ES E NUMSTates SYSTem D DESCRIPTION Query the number of DEE states SYSTem DEE NUMLoops SYSTem DEE NUMLoops DESCRIPTION Set the number of loops to play DEE when DEE MODe is set to NUMber 134 VR5 HD Spatial Channel Emulator User Manual PARAMETERS Parameter Range RST Resolutio n int 1 to 65535 1 L SYSTem DEE COMPile ABORt DESCRIPTION
41. ETERS Parameter Range RST Resolutio n OFF ON OFF SYSTem CHM PROP GCM PATH MIDPath EXCDelay SYSTem CHM PROP GCM PATH MIDPath EXCDelay DESCRIPTION Excess Delay for the given MidPath of the given Set or query th path PARAMETERS Parameter Range n RST Resolutio 114 VR5 HD Spatial Channel Emulator User Manual 0 to 0 2 0 0 0001 SYSTem CHM PROP GCM PATH MIDPath NUMScatterers DESCRIPTION Query the number of scatterers for the given MidPath of the given path PARAMETERS Parameter Range RST Resolutio n SYSTem CHM PROP GCM PATH MIDPath RELPower DESCRIPTION Query the Relative Power for the given MidPath of the given path PARAMETERS Parameter Range RST Resolutio n SYSTem CHM PROP GCM PATH MIDPATHS STATe SYSTem CHM PROP GCM PATH MIDPATHS STATe DESCRIPTION Chapter Four RPI Command Reference 115 Set or query the state of MidPaths for the given path PARAMETERS Parameter Range n RST Resolutio OFF ON OFF SYSTem CHM PROP GCM PATH MODulation SYSTem CHM PROP GCM PATH MODulation DESCRIPTION Set or query the Modulation type for the given path PARAMETERS Parameter Range n RST Resolutio
42. OP BULKdelay STATe DESCRIPTION PARAMETERS Parameter Range RST Resolutio n SYSTem CHM PROP GCM PATH AOA SYSTem CHM PROP GCM PATH AOA DESCRIPTION Set or query the mean Angle of Arrival for the given path 110 VR5 HD Spatial Channel Emulator User Manual PARAMETERS Parameter Range RST Resolutio n 180 to 180 deg 0 0 0001 SYSTem CHM PROP GCM PATH AOD SYSTem CHM PROP GCM PATH AOD DESCRIPTION Set or query the mean Angle of Departure for the given path PARAMETERS Parameter Range RST Resolutio n 0 0 0001 180 to 180 deg SYSTem CHM PROP GCM PATH BSAS SYSTem CHM PROP GCM PATH BSAS DESCRIPTION Set or query the BS Angle Spread for the given path PARAMETERS Parameter Range n RST Resolutio 1 to 75 deg 2 0 0001 Chapter Four RP Command Reference 111 SYSTem CHM PROP GCM PATH BSPAS SYSTem CHM PROP GCM PATH BSPAS DESCRIPTION Set or query the BS Power Azimuth Spectrum for the given path PARAMETERS Parameter Range RST Resolutio n LAPLacian GAUSsian UNIForm LAPL SYSTem CHM PROP GCM PATH DELay VALue SYSTem CHM PROP GCM PATH DELay VALue DESCRIPTION Set or query the fixed delay for the given path PARAMETERS Para
43. R5 and user created Correlation Matrices 2 7 2 4 Geometric Channel Model Propagation Condition Parameters The following propagation condition parameters are available in the Geometric Channel Model Fading Type Rayleigh and static modulation types are supported BS PAS Defines the Power Azimuth Spectrum at the BS Laplacian Gaussian or Uniform for a path BS Angle Spread This refers to the angle spread of each path at the BS MS PAS Defines the Power Azimuth Spectrum at the MS Laplacian Gaussian or Uniform for a path MS Angle Spread This refers to the angle spread of each path at the MS Chapter Two Operation Reference 19 AOD The Angle of Departure AoD is defined to be the mean angle with which a departing path s cluster s power is transmitted by the BS array with respect to the antenna array broadside The antenna broadside refers to the direction in which the antenna gain is the highest By setting different AoD s for each path you can model the signal arriving departing from the BS through clusters at different locations in space AOA The Angle of Arrival AoA is defined to be the mean angle with which an arriving path s cluster s power is received by the MS array with respect to the antenna array broadside By setting different AoA s for each path you can model the signal arriving at the MS from clusters at different locations in space MS Direction Defines the angle of the MS
44. RAMETERS Parameter Range RST n Resolutio real Chapter Four RPI Command Reference 125 SYSTem CHM PROP PATH LOGNormal RATe SYSTem CHM PROP PATH LOGNormal RATe DESCRIPTION Set or query the Log Normal rate for the given path of the given channel PARAMETERS Parameter Range RST Resolutio n real 0 to 20 0 0 001 SYSTem CHM PROP PATH LOGNormal SDEViation SYSTem CHM PROP PATH LOGNormal SDEViation DESCRIPTION Set or query the Log Normal standard deviation for the given path of the given channel PARAMETERS Parameter Range n RST Resolutio int 0 to 12 0 SYSTem CHM PROP PATH LOGNormal STATe SYSTem CHM PROP PATH LOGNormal STATe DESCRIPTION Set or query the Log Normal state for the given path of the given channel 126 VR5 HD Spatial Channel Emulator User Manual PARAMETERS Parameter Range RST Resolutio n bool OFF ON OFF SYSTem CHM PROP PATH LOS AOA SYSTem CHM PROP PATH LOS AOA DESCRIPTION Set or query the LOS angle of arrival for the given path of the given channel PARAMETERS Parameter Range RST Resolutio n real 0 to 360 deg 90 0 1 SYSTem CHM PROP PATH LOS DOPPler SYSTem CHM
45. RIG 1 amp TRIG 2 Reserved ports SYNC 1 through SYNC 5 Reserved ports Power Cord Receptacle Type IEC 60320 C20 Mates to IEC 60320 C19 plug 2 Operation Reference 2 1 Instrument Control The VRS has three interfaces that allow you to control and monitor the instrument in real time 1 Laptop based Graphical User Interface GUI 2 Touchscreen based GUI 3 Remote Programming Interface 2 1 1 Laptop based GUI The laptop based GUI gives you the maximum flexibility to configure test set up 2 1 2 Touchscreen based GUI The Touchscreen allows you to make quick changes to the test setup and monitor instrument state This includes e Loading Channel Model Library files e Play Pause and Stop fading e Using the Temporal Player to track Input Output and C N levels over time e Using the Channel Player to track the Instantaneous Power Delay Profile e Monitoring RPI commands e Change the VR5 instrument IP address 2 1 3 Remote Programming Interface RPI The RPI gives you the ability to remotely control the VR5 through commands sent over a TCP IP connection For more information on RPI refer to Chapter 3 on page 59 6 VR5 HD Spatial Channel Emulator User Manual 2 2 VR5 Operating Conditions The VR5 instrument should be placed in a location than can properly support the weight of the instrument and be connected to a power source that is rated for the required power of the instrument Additionally
46. RST Resolutio n SYSTem PORT A INPut SYSTem PORT A INPut DESCRIPTION Set or query expected input power level 80 VR5 HD Spatial Channel Emulator User Manual PARAMETERS Parameter Range RST Resolutio n real 50 to 15 dBm ako 0 01 NOTE 1 The actual range will vary based on the state of other system parameters including frequency and bidirectional connection setup SYSTem PORT A OUTPut SYSTem PORT A OUTPut DESCRIPTION Set the Output Level of the specified port PARAMETERS Parameter Range RST Resolutio n real 110 to 20 dBm 60 0 01 NOTE 1 The actual range will vary based on the state of other system parameters including frequency and bidirectional connection setup SYSTem PORT A RFOUT SYSTem PORT A RFOUT DESCRIPTION Set th nable state of the Output Port Chapter Four RPI Command Reference 81 PARAMETERS Parameter Range RST Resolutio n bool OFF ON ON SYSTem PORT A INPPHAse SYSTem PORT A INPPHAse DESCRIPTION Set and query the RF Port Input Phase Offset PARAMETERS Parameter Range RST Resolutio n real 360 0 to 360 0 0 0 51 SYSTem PORT A OUTPPHAse SYSTem PORT A OUTPPHAse DESCRIPTION Set and query the RF Port Output Phase Offset PARAMETERS Parameter Range RST Resolutio n rea
47. STem PORT B INPPHAse DESCRIPTION Set and query the RF Port Input Phase Offset PARAMETERS Parameter Range n RST Resolutio 94 VR5 HD Spatial Channel Emulator User Manual real 360 0 to 360 0 Ove SYSTem PORT B OUTPPHAse SYSTem PORT B OUTPPHAse DESCRIPTION Set and query the RF Port Output Phase Offset PARAMETERS Parameter Range RST Resolutio n real 360 0 to 360 0 0 O1 SYSTem PORT B INPDelay SYSTem PORT B INPDelay DESCRIPTION PARAMETERS Parameter Range RST Resolutio n real 0 to 50 ns 0 0 1 ns SYSTem PORT B OUTPDelay SYSTem PORT B OUTPDelay DESCRIPTION PARAMETERS RST Resolutio Parameter Range n Chapter Four RP Command Reference 95 real 0 to 50 ns 0 0 1 ns SYSTem PORT B INFREQuency SYSTem PORT B INFREQuency DESCRIPTION Set and query frequency of the channel input PARAMETERS Parameter Range RST Resolutio n real 380 to 6000 MHz 900 0 001 NOTE 1 Dependent on the hardware availability and purchased options NOTE 2 Input and Output frequencies of other ports that are connected via MIMO links will be configured as well SYSTem PORT B OUTFREQuency DESCRIPTION Set and query frequency of the channel output PARAMETERS Parameter Range RST Resolutio n
48. T iles 4 2x4 High EM ie GAEE 1 0000 0 0000 02000 0 0000j 03000 0 0000j 0 2700 0 0000 P oa Matin PA 0 9000 0 0000 1 0000 0 0000 02700 0 0000 0 3000 0 0000j gt 4x2 High h21 0 3000 0 0000 0 2700 0 0000 1 0000 0 0000 0 9000 0 0000j gt 4x2 Low h22 0 2700 0 0000j 0 3000 0 0000j 0 9000 0 0000j 1 0000 0 0000 gt 4x2 Medium C3 Uncorrelated Ca WiMAX NS AAN A Close Figure 2 17 Correlation Library Window On the left of the window is a collapsible list of correlation matrices classified by industry standards technology If you select a particular correlation the right side of the window displays the corresponding correlation matrix Chapter Two Operation Reference 25 2 8 2 1 Creating a New Correlation File 1 Click the New button The Correlation Editor displays 2 Under the Properties section of the editor select the number of transmit and receive antennas in the set up The size of the correlation matrix in the Matrix section is updated according to the number of Tx and Rx antennas chosen 3 Create the desired correlation and click the Save button 4 Enter a name and description for the Correlation file and click OK 5 The new correlation is saved in the Library under the User Created folder 2 8 2 2 Editing a Standardized Correlation File 1 Select the standardized correlation and click the Edit button The Correlation Editor displays Make
49. Tem DEE RESume DESCRIPTION This will resume normal DEE operation if DEE is paused SYSTem DEE ADVance DESCRIPTION This will advance fading to the next DEE state SYSTem ANTenna BSAConfig SYSTem ANTenna BSAConfig DESCRIPTION Set or query the Base Station antenna configuration PARAMETERS Parameter Range RST Resolutio n VERtical XPOL VERtical SYSTem ANTenna BSASpacing MM SYSTem ANTenna BSASpacing MM DESCRIPTION Set or query the antenna spacing in mm Chapter Four RPI Command Reference 137 PARAMETERS Parameter Range RST Resolutio n 0 1 to 10 000 000 1153 05 BS 576 52 MS 0 01 SYSTem ANTenna BSASpacing LAMbda SYSTem ANTenna BSASpacing LAMbda DESCRIPTION Set or query the antenna spacing in lambda PARAMETERS Parameter Range RST Resolutio n 0 1 to 100 10 BS 5 MS 0 01 SYSTem ANTenna MSASpacing MM SYSTem ANTenna MSASpacing MM DESCRIPTION Set or query the antenna spacing in mm PARAMETERS Parameter Range RST Resolutio n 0 1 to 10 000 000 1153 05 BS 576 52 MS 0 01 SYSTem ANTenna MSASpacing LAMbda SYSTem ANTenna MSASpacing LAMbda DESCRIPTION 138 VR5 HD Spatial Channel Emulator User Manual Set or query the antenna spacing in lambda
50. Tooltips The VR5 GUI provides Tooltips for quick explanations on certain parameters when you roll the mouse over text in the window To use Tooltips keep the mouse cursor over a text label to display a window with a short explanation of the tool 2 5 2 Play Pause Stop Fading Use the Play button to cause the fading emulation to proceed Use the Stop button to stop the fading emulation and reset the Elapsed Time to zero Use the Pause button to temporarily suspend the fading emulation playback While paused use the Play button to resume fading emulation Chapter Two Operation Reference 9 2 6 While stopped or paused the signal passing through the VR5 does not vary The signal is subjected to the exact fading conditions at the moment indicated by the Elapsed Time indicator When the VRS is in Stopped state phases are automatically applied to each of the radio links so as to provide maximum MIMO throughput The actual phases applied vary based on the Connection Setup and are also referred to as the Butler matrix Connection Setup The VR5 supports a variety of MIMO and SISO configurations The cabling is done internally within the hardware The different configurations are selected through the Connection Setup To select a Connection Setup 1 Inthe Main view of the VR5 GUI under the Connection Setup section click the Select button as shown in Figure 2 4 Connection Setup 2x2 BiDirectional FDD
51. UPA e HSPA e LTE e LTE Advanced e CDMA2000 1x e CDMA2000 1xEV DO e CDMA2000 1xEV DV e Location based Services e 802 11 a b g e 802 16 WiMAX e HiperLAN 1 2 VR5 Instrument Description There are three versions of the VR5 hardware the VR5 4CO8D VR5 4C16D and the VR5 8C16D The VR5 8C16D is shown in Figure 1 2 Chapter One Introduction 3 Figure 1 2 VR5 Front Panel The ports in the front panel of the VR5 are a combination of simplex Input or Output only and duplex Input Output ports The text next to each port specifies its bi directional or uni directional nature 4 VR5 HD Spatial Channel Emulator User Manual 1 2 1 Rear Panel Description Figure 1 3 VR5 Rear Panel DSPM AUX 1 through AUX 3 Reserved ports GBE1 amp GBE2 Reserved ports SYNC IN amp SYNC OUT Reserved ports OUT 1 amp OUT 2 Reserved ports IN 1 amp IN 2 Reserved ports 1 01 amp 1 0 2 Reserved ports SMM AUX 1 through AUX 5 Reserved ports User Connect RJ45 Ethernet Connector Used to control VR5 instrument through VR5 GUI or Remote Programming Interface RPI commands This port supports TCP IP It is recommended that a Category 5 Ethernet cable be used 10MHz IN BNC Type Connector 50 Q Accepts externally supplied 10 MHz sine wave reference signal 10MHz OUT BNC Type Connector 50 amp Provides a 10 MHz sine wave reference signal as output T
52. ading spectrum and defines the maximum pace that the mobile will move through the shadow of elements in the terrain An example can be given of a mobile receiver car driving at a fixed speed along a road If the car is in a rural area behind hills far apart the log normal rate would be small since the car is moving through shadows at a slow rate If the car is in an urban area behind rows of buildings the rate would be larger since the mobile would be passing through shadows at a higher rate The following relationship holds for log normal fading Mobile Velocity m s Log Normal Rate Hz Min Shadow Length m The log normal frequency in this equation will be the maximum rate that the mobile will move through shadows This corresponds to the maximum frequency of the log normal fading spectrum that has a span that begins near DC 6 Technical Specifications 6 1 RF Channel Specifications Frequency Ranges Lower Band 380 MHz to 3850 MHz Upper Band 4100 MHz to 6000 MHz 6 1 1 Input Signal Level Input Signal level 50 to 15 dBm 4 GHz 40 to 15 dBm 4 6 GHz Max RF Input Power 15 dBm Level Resolution 0 1 dB Damage Level 33 dBm peak 6 1 2 Output Signal Level Range 110 to 20 dBm RMS lt 4 GHz 110 to 30 dBm RMS 4 6 GHz Resolution 0 1 dB Typical Accuracy 1 dB 6 1 3 Bi directional Levels Minimum difference required between Input and Output Signal Levels 45 dB 6 1 4 Spurious Emissi
53. ameters In SR5500 gt UNIT1 CHAN1 PATH1 DELAY In VRS gt CHM1 PATH1 DELAY CHM represents the Channel Model 1 in the diagram from A to B 3 3 2 2 Set Port Power In SR5500 gt UNIT2 CHAN1 OUTPut 60 0 In VRS gt PORT A1 OUTPut 60 0 The port in VRS is identified logically as port A1 output 3 3 2 3 Set Digital Phase of a Radio Link In SR5500 gt UNIT1 MIMO PHSHift 1 2 90 0 In VR5 gt RLINK AB21 PHAse 90 0 The radio link is identified logically as from A2 to B1 Similarly other commands regarding port radio links and channels are treated logically For a complete set of commands refer to Chapter 4 on page 68 64 VR5 HD Spatial Channel Emulator User Manual 3 4 VR5 RPI Command Protocol 3 4 1 Command Types IEEE 488 2 supports two different program Message Unit types queries and commands Queries request a response from the unit being queried Commands instruct the unit to carry out an action such as set a parameter or execute a function GPIB common commands are defined by the IEEE 488 2 specification so that every unit that supports IEEE 488 2 responds to the command in the same way Examples of such commands are IDN which is query requesting model and revision information and RST which is a command that resets the unit to known state Other commands are defined specifically for VR5 and loosely follow the SCPI convention Related commands and queries are grouped together under hea
54. ast Fading Power Spectrum Shapes ss 149 5 8 Static Amplitude Channel Effects 149 5 8 1 Fixed Frequency SAIL scssceasesscctacsesscandavseacaavevaaaxsass esse 150 5 8 2 High Speed Train Frequency Shin uns 150 5 8 3 Phase UE A unde EE 151 5 9 Slow Shadow FAUNE set ess ieti desde ieit tas 152 6 Technical Specifications NRNR LDA 6 1 RF Channel Species dresseur 154 6 1 1 InputSignalLevel sissssisirisserreressierrirsisirereersrerersesirevesssrerereessverseisat 154 6 1 2 Output Signal Level ccccsasicccssctaicssecorssacsasancctsseinceescieazaaederasassaaasenesaases 154 6 1 3 Bi directional Levels ss 154 6 1 4 SPUnOUus Emission LEVBlS tisane 154 6 1 5 Residual EVM on a a ne a aan dial 155 6 1 6 NOISE FOOD scsssisiciccncrcatensavatvasacanecencssvioneieesnecis aneabaneserisuedeatvednieieiens 155 6 1 7 RF Physical Interface Characteristics ss 155 6 2 Interface and Environmental Characteristics cccsssseccecceesseecees 155 6 2 1 VR5 Front Panel Indicators 155 6 2 2 VR5 Power REQUIFCIMEING ist 155 6 2 3 Operating Environment sise 156 6 2 4 VR5 Dimensions and Weight 156 6 2 5 VR5 Control Interfaces oscvessatctaserecscscssosestauabcacassisdadsvaneeasszcsaaianrarncinss 156 6 2 6 10 MHz Reference Requirements ss 156 1 Introduction 1 1 Overview The Spirent VR5 HD Spatial Channel Emulator simplifies MIMO testing for technolog
55. ate correlation tab available for each Channel Model in the chosen connection setup To edit the correlation matrix associated with a given state right click the desired row in the Correlation Matrix Editor column to open the Correlation Editorwindow This window is used to edit the correlation matrix stored in the Excel file and is very similar to the Correlation Editor in the GUI Library view For details on the Correlation Editor refer to Section 2 8 2 1 The Correlation Editor shown in Figure 2 35 allows you to add a matrix by entering values manually selecting a standard correlation matrix from the library or selecting a previously saved correlation matrix Correlation Editor Properties Number of TX antennas N 2 Number of RX antennas M 2 Correlation Library LTE_2x2_High vi Path1 CO l Enable DURX view Path Correlation Valid Channel Correlation Valid h11 1 0000 0 0000 0 9000 0 0000 0 9000 0 0000 0 8100 0 0000 0 9000 0 0000j 1 0000 0 0000 0 8100 0 0000j 0 9000 0 0000j h21 j E aya 0 9000 0 0000j 0 8100 0 0000j 1 0000 0 0000j 0 9000 0 0000j Lr72 0 8100 0 0000j 0 9000 0 0000j 0 9000 0 0000j 1 0000 0 0000j apply SaveAs Cancel Figure 2 35 Correlation Editor Expand the Correlation Library menu to open a standard correlation matrix or load a user saved matrix by selecting Select your own from the menu as shown in Figur
56. ble spectrum shapes that can be set are shown in Figure 5 10 The first shape Classical 6 dB is the most commonly used model and adheres to the spectral requirements detailed in many mobile communications standards for Rayleigh fading conditions The Flat spectrum shape has been determined to be representative of the multi path propagation effects experienced in some indoor applications The Classical 3 dB Rounded and Rounded 12 dB spectrum shapes are also available in the VR5 6 dB Sy y t Classical 6 dB Flat t N Ke 3 dB 12 dB l Classical 3 dB Rounded iai 12 Figure 5 10 Fading Power Spectrum Shape 5 8 Static Amplitude Channel Effects In some cases it is desirable to emulate single reflected paths that do not undergo local multi path scattering and thus have static or constant amplitude While these paths have fixed amplitude versus time they may be subjected to constant or time varying phase modulation These phase modulation effects are described in the following sections 150 VR5 HD Spatial Channel Emulator User Manual 5 8 1 Fixed Frequency Shift Fixed frequency shift from the carrier frequency occurs when the distance between the receiver and transmitter is changing An example of this is when a mobile receiver car is driving away from the transmitter Path A in Figure 5 6 has a static frequency shift due to the movement of the car The amount of the frequency shift Doppler fre
57. care must be taken to ensure that the ambient temperature is within the operating range of the VR5 Refer to the technical specifications for details regarding the weight power and ambient temperature requirements of the instrument 2 3 Ventilation For proper ventilation ensure that the rack is located in an area with the following conditions e Aminimum of eighteen 18 inches of space between the sides of the rack and any objects that may restrict air flow For example a wall cabinet or another rack e Aminimum of twelve 12 inches of space between the rear door and any object that may restrict air flow For example a wall cabinet or another rack e Make sure there is nothing that blocks the airflow from the exhaust fans on the top of the rack e Do not allow other equipment to exhaust into the rack as this may cause the equipment to overheat e If insufficient ventilation is provided the equipment in the rack may overheat This can cause improper operation 2 4 Connecting the Controller Laptop to the VR5 1 Using an Ethernet cable connect the controller laptop to the User Control Ethernet port on the rear panel of VR5 HD Spatial Channel Emulator as shown in Figure 2 1 Chapter Two Operation Reference 7 Figure 2 1 VR5 Rear Panel 2 Ensure the VR5 unit is running properly Launch the VR5 HD Spatial Channel Emulator software 3 The Channel Emulator Software window displays as sh
58. ch as a mountain or large building getting in between the transmitter and receiver partially blocking signal reception Slow fading is often described as shadow fading since in effect the geographic element casts a shadow on the receiver Amplitude variation fluctuations happen at a slow rate Power Delay Profile PDP In wireless communications a signal transmitted to a receiver can arrive having traveled over many different paths through the wireless channel On its way to the receiver a transmitted signal may take the direct line of sight path or may bounce off reflecting surfaces before arriving at the receive antenna Since these multiple copies of the original transmitted signal travel different distances they arrive at the receiver staggered in time with different average power levels The impulse response of the wireless channels is used to characterize what predominant paths are present between the transmitter and receiver at a given time Using the impulse response method a short transmit signal is broadcast through the radio channel and multiple copies of the original signal are captured and measured at the receive antenna The result is displayed in the form of a Power Delay Profile An example Power Delay Profile is shown in Figure 5 2 This example shows four copies of the original transmitted signal arriving at the receiver The Y axis describes the relative power of each of these paths at the receive antenna The X axis describ
59. changes in the Correlation Editor you have two options 1 Continue your tests without saving changes Click the Close button to exit without saving the correlation matrix in a particular name for future recall Note that the VR5 still retains the altered matrix conditions under Unsaved Correlation 2 Save changes into a file in the library Click the Save As button to specify a name and description for the Correlation Matrix This file will be available in the Correlation library under User Created folder In either case the VR5 reflects the correlation matrix as specified in the editor after exiting To apply standardized or previously saved Correlation 1 Clicking the arrow displays a list of the ten most recently used Correlation Matrices for the current Connection Setup as shown in Figure 2 13 18 VR5 HD Spatial Channel Emulator User Manual LTE 2x2 Medium LTE 2x2 Medium LTE 2x2 Low LTE 2x2 High User Created Unsaved Correaltion 1 WiMAX Vehicular A 2x2 Medium WiMAX Vehicular A 2x2 Low WiMAX Vehicular A 2x2 High WiMAX Pedestrian B 2x2 Medium WiMAX Pedestrian B 2x2 Low WiMAX Pedestrian B 2x2 High Uncorrelated More Figure 2 13 Selecting a Correlation Matrix 2 To access to the entire library of Correlation Matrices for the current Connection Setup click the More button This is composed of both canned standardized Correlation Matrices supplied with the V
60. ct the DEE File Select the DEE File by clicking the DEE File button and selecting the file from the saved location as shown in Figure 2 25 DEE Setup en Start Method Free Play Play Method Wrap Around O Play for aoo Loop s ie Figure 2 25 Selecting the DEE File 5 Configure Playback Controls a Select the Start Method Free Play or Triggered Start i Free Play DEE will start immediately upon the issuance of a start command ii Triggered Start A rising edge must be detected on BNC PORT X prior to the start of DEE simulation Select the Play Method Wrap Around or Play for X Loops i Wrap Around The DEE file continues to loop indefinitely Chapter Two Operation Reference 37 Play for X Loops The DEE file plays to the end resets and loops for X times After completing X loops the DEE run ends and remains stopped at the beginning of State 1 This means that statistically State 1 will be the same each time DEE loops but the instantaneous phase and amplitude distortion will differ This is done to avoid any glitches when wrapping from the last state to the first 6 Enable DEE Enable DEE by clicking the Enable DEE button as shown in Figure 2 26 DEE Setup eiiis D ftproot SpirentiVR5 DEE Power_Step xstb vv Start Method Free Play Play Method Wrap Around f COTE Jisable D O Play for Loop s Figure 2 26 Enable DEE Button 7 Play DE
61. d e Total Time Indicates the total time that DEE has been playing DEE Status Control Status MENAGERIE Num of States REC State EZ of c ES Figure 2 47 DEE Status Panel Chapter Two Operation Reference 51 2 12 4 4 DEE Advanced Control The DEE Advanced Controls shown in Figure 2 48 can be used to debug a DEE test by playing certain states of the DEE File Advanced controls are only available when the Play method is set to Wrap Around The Advanced Controls allow you to hold the VR5 at a particular DEE state and play it back as in non DEE mode You may also step from one state to the next DEE Advanced Control Hide Oimmediate 2 Pause at State 15 DEE Pause DEE Resume Figure 2 48 DEE Advanced Control Panel The DEE Pause button is used to hold the DEE simulation If the Pause method is set to Immediate DEE simulation pauses immediately after clicking the DEE Pause button If the Pause method is set to Pause at State X DEE pauses when entering the defined state Note that DEE only pauses on state X once not on every loop To have DEE pause on state X a second time click the DEE Pause button again The State Advance button advances the state to the next DEE state after a pause action has occurred This allows you to manually step through each DEE state ata slow rate The DEE Resume button continues the DEE simulation Note that while paused the next state can be selected with t
62. ddress on same Subnet as primary VR5192 168 0 86 SYSTem PHCalib NAsettings PORt SYSTem PHCalib NAsettings PORt DESCRIPTION Set or Query the port used for communication to the Network Analyzer PARAMETERS Parameter Range RST Resolutio n SYSTem PHCalib NAsettings MODel SYSTem PHCalib NAsettings MODel DESCRIPTION Chapter Four RPI Command Reference 131 Set or Query the Model of the Network Analyzer used for Automated Phase Calibration PARAMETERS Parameter Range RST Resolutio n SYSTem PHCalib NAsettings TESt DESCRIPTION Test the connection to the Network Analyzer using the configured IP Address and Port SYSTem RPI TCPEcho SYSTem RPI TCPEcho ESCRIPTION Enable TCP IP Echo for the RPI PARAMETERS Parameter Range RST Resolutio n bool False True True SYSTem RPI MONMsg SYSTem RPI MONMsg ESCRIPTION nable Monitor Messages for the RPI View pa 132 VR5 HD Spatial Channel Emulator User Manual PARAMETERS Parameter Range RST Resolutio n bool False True True SYSTem DEE STATe SYSTem DEE STATe DESCRIPTION Query Enable or disable DEE PARAMETERS Parameter Range RST Resolutio n bool OFF ON OFF SYSTem DEE MODe SYSTem DE
63. default command query or another header which does not have to be explicitly stated to be understood The CHM1 PATH1 DELay header has many commands under it The VALue command is the default command Because of this the following two commands have the same meaning VR5 gt CHM1 PATH1 DELay VALue 10 VR5 gt CHM1 PATH1 DELay 10 In the second example the fact that VALue is being referenced is implied The same holds true for queries 66 VR5 HD Spatial Channel Emulator User Manual 3 4 4 Response Format IEEE 488 2 Command Message Units commands do not generate responses IEEE 488 2 compliant units only generate responses to Query Message Units queries VR5 requires you to request the response The VR5 response format is a Headerless format This format skips the command header and sends the value being requested The following is an example of a Headerless response from VRS Send query CHAN1 PATH1 DELay Receive response 10 000 3 4 5 Long Form and Short Form of Mnemonics Every mnemonic has both a long form and short form You can use either of these forms when sending commands and queries Typically the short form of the mnemonic is shown in capital letters with the long form being a combination of the short form plus any lower case letters IEEE 488 2 dictates that Program Messages can be sent in capital letters lower case letters or any combination of the two An example of the command lo
64. ders allowing them to be organized and thus easier to understand 3 4 2 Program Messages A VR5 Program Message consists of one or more Program Message Units which can be Command Message Units commands or Query Message Units queries IEEE 488 2 dictates that a semicolon separates different Program Message Units sent together in a Program Message A colon indicates that the program mnemonic for the message being sent starts at the root of the tree It is possible to send multiple Program Message Units in a single Program Message as long as they are separated by a semicolon Only one query should be present in the message sending two queries at once causes one response to be lost You can also send each command or query separately The first Program Message Unit within a Program Message does need to Start with a colon since it is assumed that the command starts at the root of the command tree Subsequent Program Message Units are assumed to reside under the same header as the preceding command if the next command is not preceded by a colon The following example shows sending two commands under the same header VR5 gt CHM1 PATH1 DELay 10 MODE FIXed This is equivalent to sending two commands separately VR5 gt CHM1 PATH1 DELay 10 VR5 gt CHM1 PATH1 MODE FIXed The VR5 gt represents the prompt for RPI commands VR5 ignores extra white space within the command frame and characters are not case sensit
65. e 2 36 Chapter Two Operation Reference 43 or Pr Correlation Library LTE_2x2_High al a TE_2x2_High LTE_2x2_Low a WiMax_2x2_PedestrianB_High WiMax_2x2_PedestrianB_Low WiMax_2x2_PedestrianB_Medit WiMax_2x2_VehicularA_High WiMax_2x2_VehicularA_Low WiMax_2x2_VehicularA_Mediur Select your own Correlation Valid Chi 00 0 0000 00 0 0000 00 0 0000 00 0 0000 Figure 2 36 Correlation Library Menu The Apply button allows you to copy the correlation matrix to the template The Save As button allows you to save the correlation matrix in a corr file This file can be accessed at a later time by selecting Select your own from the Correlation Library menu The Cancel button allows you to exit the Correlation Editor without copying the correlation to the template Selecting the Enable TX RX view option enables the Transmitter Receiver correlation view This view allows you to populate the matrix by entering alpha and beta values and then clicking the Apply TX RX button Alpha 0 9000 0 0000 Beta 0 9000 0 0000 ALISA aa TX1 1 0000 0 0000j 0 9000 0 0000j apa 0 9000 0 0000j 1 0000 0 0000j Figure 2 37 TX RX View Option 2 12 2 3 Sample DEE File An example DEE File is shown in the following figures Each figure displays a different tab in the DEE file 44 VR5 HD Spatial Channel Emulator User Manual j a VRS5 DEE Template imp
66. e se familiariser avec chaque symbole et sa signification avant de manipuler le mat riel A Symbole manuel d instruction Ce symbole appara t sur le produit lorsqu il est n cessaire de se r f rer au manuel d instruction pour viter une d t rioration du mat riel rh Terre ce symbole identifie la connexion de terre charg e de prot ger le mat riel contre les chocs lectriques Cette connexion doit tre raccord e vers un conducteur externe de protection ou vers une lectrode de type terre Ce symbole indique un voltage dangereux connexion aliment e en interne par un voltage exc dant 1000 volts V Caution Masse Ce symbole identifie une connexion au ch ssis du mat riel ce ch ssis inclut normalement toutes les structures m talliques expos es Ce symbole d signe une op ration ou une condition dite sensible qui si elle n est pas correctement r alis e pourrait entra ner de s rieuses d t riorations au mat riel ou aux donn es utilisateur Courant alternatif ligne de puissance Table of Contents 1 Introduction ccccccccccccccccccsccccccccccccccccccccccscccccccccccccccccccscccccccces 1 1 OVEYVIEW tnt ban ieomoodaodou 1 1 1 1 Evaluating Radio Access Technologies 2 1 2 VR5 Instrument Descriptif errant 2 1 2 1 Rear Panel Description sseesseeseeesseeseeeseeesseesseerseesseeseeesseesseeseeessee 4 2 Operation RETRO D
67. e state SYSTem RLINK BA CHMindex DESCRIPTION Query the index 1 based of the channel model mapped to this radio link PARAMETERS Parameter Range RST Resolutio n EXAMPLE 1 VR5 gt CON LIB DUAL_2X2_UNI VR5 gt RLINK AB33 CHM 2 SYSTem RLINK BA PHAse SYSTem RLINK BA PHAse 78 VR5 HD Spatial Channel Emulator User Manual DESCRIPTION Set digital phase of the radio link PARAMETERS Parameter Range RST Resolutio n real 360 0 to 360 0 0 0 1 Eal SYSTem RLINK BA RELPower SYSTem RLINK BA RE T Power DESCRIPTION Set the relative power of this radio link between the MIMO Sub Channels PARAMETERS Parameter Range RST Resolutio n real 30 to 30 dB 0 0 01 SYSTem RLINK BA ABSPower DESCRIPTION Query the absolute power of this radio link PARAMETERS RST Resolutio Parameter Range n Chapter Four RPI Command Reference 79 real SYSTem PORT ANUMports DESCRIPTION Query the number of available ports on a particular side A or B of the connection setup SYSTem PORT BNUMports DESCRIPTION Query the number of available ports on a particular side A or B of the connection setup SYSTem PORT A MODE DESCRIPTION PARAMETERS Parameter Range
68. eal 0 to 32 dB 0 OT SYSTem CHM PROP PATH STATE SYSTem CHM PROP PATH STATE J ESCRIPTION nable or disable or query the state of a given path of the given hannel Q EH PARAMETERS Parameter Range RST n Resolutio Chapter Four RP Command Reference 129 bool OFF ON OFF SYSTem PHCalib VALid DESCRIPTION Query the validity of Phase Calibration across the system Returns VALID or INVALID NOTI iE ji oe The Valid state is set when a phase calibration is done automatically using the VR5 8600 SYSTem PHCalib SINGle BEGin DESCRIPTION Begin a Single phase calibration using the current system settings A phase calibration of this type is only valid at a given frequency and a fixed set of input output power settings SYSTem PHCalib SINGle ABORt DESCRIPTION Abort Single Phase Calibration SYSTem PHCalib SINGle STATus DESCRIPTION 130 VR5 HD Spatial Channel Emulator User Manual Query the status of a Single Phase Calibration SYSTem PHCalib NAsettings IPADdress SYSTem PHCalib NAsettings IPADdress DESCRIPTION Configure the IP address of the Network Analyzer used in conjunction with the VR5 8600 in order to perform Automated Phase Calibration PARAMETERS Parameter Range RST Resolutio n string valid IP a
69. elect the vr5lic password file 6 Click Apply 7 Awindow displays indicating that the password file upgrade is successful 2 14 Upgrading VR5 Software You must upgrade the VR5 software on the both the VR5 Instrument and the laptop 2 14 1 Upgrading Software on the Instrument To upgrade the VR5 software on the instrument Plug a USB hub in to one of the USB ports on the VR5 Instrument front panel Connect a keyboard and mouse to the USB hub Connect the USB Flash Drive provided along with the VR5 to the USB hub A U N e On the VR5 instrument select Start Control Panel as shown in Figure 2 51 Chapter Two Operation Reference 53 VR5 HD Spatial Channel Emulator ap Paint al Notepad AF Sticky Notes amp Snipping Tool AS WordPad Calculator Lot Services a Calibration All Programs Administrator Documents Pictures Music Computer Control Panel BOUT Change settings and Default Programs Help and Support Shut down gt Figure 2 51 Selecting Control Panel on the VR5 Instrument 54 VR5 HD Spatial Channel Emulator User Manual 5 Select Programs and Features as shown in Figure 2 52 Adjust your computer s settings e Action Center w Backup and Restore E Credential Manager F3 Desktop Gadgets E Display a Fonts Internet Options Se Network and Sharing Center M Performance Information and Tools 5 Power Options 9 Region and Language 6 Speech Recognition a
70. em PORT A MEASure OTYPE DESCRIPTION Set the Output Measurement type for the power meter of the specified channel PARAMETERS Parameter Range n RST Resolutio 92 VR5 HD Spatial Channel Emulator User Manual string MEASured CALCulated MEASured SYSTem PORT B MODE DESCRIPTION PARAMETERS Parameter Range RST Resolutio n SYSTem PORT B INPut SYSTem PORT B INPut DESCRIPTION Set or query expected input power level PARAMETERS Parameter Range RST Resolutio n real 50 to 15 dBm 10 0 01 NOTE 1 The actual range will vary based on the state of other system parameters including frequency and bidirectional connection setup SYSTem PORT B 0UTPut SYSTem PORT B OUTPut DESCRIPTION Chapter Four RPI Command Reference 93 Set the Output Level of the specified port PARAMETERS Parameter Range RST Resolutio n real 110 to 20 dBm 60 0 01 NOTE 1 The actual range will vary based on the state of other system parameters including frequency and bidirectional connection setup SYSTem PORT B RFOUI SYSTem PORT B RFOUT DESCRIPTION Set th nable state of the Output Port PARAMETERS Parameter Range RST n Resolutio bool OFF ON ON SYSTem PORT B INPPHAse SY
71. environment emulated Use this Fading Mode to emulate channel models based on SCM SCME and WINNER The correlation between the radio links MIMO branches is implicit in the geometric settings selected for the Channel Model the correlation is not specified separately for Geometric Channel Models To configure Fading Mode 1 From the VR5 GUI menu bar select Configure gt Fading Mode as shown in Figure 2 6 12 VR5 HD Spatial Channel Emulator User Manual File Me UN Execute Help Power Meter Settings AWGN Settings Port Phase Settings Advanced Fading Mode Ea rere Additional VR5 Instruments Figure 2 6 Fading Mode Menu ltem 2 The Fading Mode Window displays as shown in Figure 2 7 Select Mode A Classical Channel Models O Geometric Channel Models MIMO OTA Mode a Cancel Figure 2 7 Fading Mode Window 3 Select the Fading Mode from the options shown in Figure 2 7 2 7 2 Configuring the Channel Model Each set of radio links with the same color in the Connection Setup Diagram on the Main View can have their own Channel Model The numbers against the radio links indicate the index of the channel model To view or edit the corresponding channel models under the Main View of the GUI select Channel Model The propagation conditions and correlation matrix for each of the channel models can be edited saved and recalled in separate files independent of each other Eac
72. er s status Back up your computer Find and fix problems Network and Internet View network status and tasks Choose homegroup and sharing options Hardware and Sound View devices and printers Add a device Connect to a projector Adjust commonly used mobility settings Programs View by Category User Accounts and Family Safety Add or remove user accounts set up parental controls for any user Appearance and Personalization Change the theme Change desktop background Adjust screen resolution Clock Language and Region Change keyboards or other input methods Ease of Access Let Windows suggest settings Optimize visual display Gere Uninstall a program kal Figure 2 57 Control Panel Uninstall a Program 4 Right click VR5 Spatial Channel Emulator and select Uninstall from the menu as shown in Figure 2 58 ipl Programs and Features _ O x GU a Control Panel Programs Programs and Features l Search Programs and Features D Control Panel Home Uninstall or change a program View installed updates To uninstall a program select it from the list and then dick Uninstall Change or Repair Turn Windows features on or off Organize Uninstall Change Repair E Version ET MIMO OTA Environment Builder Spirent Communications 10 12 2011 673KB 1 0 103 EE MSXML 4 0 SP2 KB954430 Microsoft Corporation 8 9 2011 1 27MB 4 20 9870 0 ET MSXML 4 0 SP2 KB973688
73. es The signals rarely combine to greater than 10 dB above the individual path s power The deep fades destructive interference would range from just a few dB to fades of greater than 50 dB The spacing and amplitude of the fades are a function of the carrier frequency At 900 MHz the deep fades will occur at the mobile every few centimeters apart The fades and peaks of the signal envelope follow a Rayleigh distribution This causes the signal strength to fluctuate rapidly between slightly higher levels to deep fades of greater than 50 dB Figure 5 7 shows an example of the Rayleigh faded signal versus time Rayleigh fading is called fast fading since the fluctuations are so rapid as compared to log normal or slow fading Chapter Five Channel Modeling Reference 147 2000 30 00 40 00 SIGANL POWER dBm 50 00 60 00 T TIME 75 ms sweep Figure 5 7 Rayleigh Faded Signal vs Time Doppler Freq 100 Hz Center Freq 900 MHz Span 0 Hz RBW 100 kHz Sweep Time 75 msec The Rayleigh distribution is generated using a complex 1 Q modulator The 1 Q signals are modulated with two Gaussian distributed signals Since Rayleigh fading occurs when there is relative movement between the transmitter and receiver the signal is subjected to a Doppler shift frequency shift As a result the spectrum of Rayleigh fading is limited to plus or minus the Doppler frequency which is a function of the veh
74. es the relative time difference between the paths as they arrived at the receiver Since the wireless channel is dynamic the amplitude and relative delay characteristics of the paths in the Power Delay Profile vary over time The following sections describe various characteristics of the paths illustrated by the radio channel s Power Delay Profile 142 VR5 HD Spatial Channel Emulator User Manual 5 3 5 4 Relative Power dB w Relative Delay Spread Figure 5 2 2D Power Delay Profile of Figure 6 1 Static Relative Path Delay Relative path delay is a phenomenon where individual signal paths from the transmitter to the receiver arrive at different times An example of this is shown in Figure 5 2 between Paths A and C Path C arrives at the receiver the automobile a finite time after signal Path A The net effect of the arrival time difference is to spread the originally transmitted signal at the receiver in time In a digital wireless communications this causes received symbols to overlap resulting in inter symbol interference The amount of relative path delay varies with terrain and application In an indoor application delays could be in the tens 10s of nanoseconds ns where 10 ns is about 10 feet In outdoor applications delays of 10 microseconds us or less are typical 1 us is about 1000 feet Delays greater than 50 us are rare in cellular environments Path delay in the VR5 is set relative to t
75. etup configurations you are using for the day and store them Note that the VR5 needs to be Playing when you perform phase calibration In Stopped state the Butler matrix phases are in place and the phase calibration is not valid after you begin Playing fading For any given RF setting and Connection Setup if there are stored phase calibration values the VR5 automatically applies those values If there are not stored phase calibration values the current phase calibration values in the Port Phase Settings apply 34 VR5 HD Spatial Channel Emulator User Manual 2 12 Dynamic Environment Emulation DEE This section details the parameters that control the Dynamic Environment Emulation DEE function available with the VR5 The DEE feature allows you to change the state of the VR5 dynamically at specified time intervals The following parameters can be changed e Output Port Settings e Output Power e AWGN Status ON OFF e C N Ratio e Propagation Condition Settings e Path Status ON OFF e Path Delay e Relative Path Loss e Rician Line of Sight Angle of Arrival e Rician K Factor e Frequency Shift e Doppler Velocity e MIMO Radio Links e MIMO Radio Link Status ON OFF e MIMO Radio Link Relative Power e MIMO Radio Link Phase e Correlation DEE is only available when the Fading Mode is set to Classical Channel Models Chapter Two Operation Reference 35 2 12 1 Setting up a Dynamic Environ
76. ganize r idl i X Import fading profile D Xi gt Computer OS C gt dee files alep Search dee files p e a a eee F Favorites BH Desktop _ UMTS _Case4 prop 6 19 2012 4 39 PM PROP File 147 KB ie Downloads E Recent Places Ca Libraries 1 Documents d Music Pictures E Videos j Computer amp os c READER D z New folder z GH a Name Date modified Type Size File name X prop files prop mA Figure 2 34 Import Propagation Conditions Window RLink Tab The RLink tab is used to set parameters associated with each of the Radio Links in the selected connection setup For example the 2X2 BiDirectional FDD connection setup has a total of eight associated Radio Links as shown in Figure 2 33 For each radio link you can modify the following parameters e AX BY Enabled This field can be used to selectively enable or disable a given Radio Link e AX BY Relative Power dB Sets the relative power of the particular radio link relative to other enabled Radio Links that are connected to the same output ports e A1 B2 Phase deg Sets the phase offset associated with the particular radio link 42 VR5 HD Spatial Channel Emulator User Manual Correlation Tab The Correlation X tabs are used to Set the correlation matrices associated with each set of propagation conditions Similar to the CHProp tabs there is a separ
77. gnal transmissions that arrive at the receiver at relatively the same time with respect to the inverse of receive signal bandwidth with random phase and amplitude caused by the difference in distance traveled Several different mathematical distributions are commonly used to model the amplitude and phase characteristics of the fast fading phenomena These include the Rayleigh and Rician fast fading amplitude distributions 5 7 1 Rayleigh Fading Amplitude Distribution Fast fading is commonly referred to as Rayleigh fading A Rayleigh modulated signal is caused by scattering of the paths in the Power Delay Profile from man made and natural obstacles such as buildings and trees in the local geographical area within a few hundred wavelengths of the receiver It is formed by a large number of these scattered reflected signals combining at the receiver Each of these signals has a random phase and amplitude at the receiver due to the reflections and difference in distance traveled The phenomenon that creates Rayleigh fading can be easily illustrated using a simple two path example At the receiver the two paths can be of any amplitude and phase If the two paths are of the same amplitude and their phase is 1800 apart there will be total destructive interference and no resultant signal If the two signal paths are Oo apart in phase there will be constructive interference and the signal envelope will be 3 dB larger than the individual path s amplitud
78. h row in the table under the Channel Model box corresponds to the channel model for the set of radio links with the same index in the Connection Setup The Channel Model includes the following parameter groups e Propagation Conditions This is the multi path power delay profile along with all the other fading parameters You can specify one set of Propagation Conditions corresponding to each Channel Model Chapter Two Operation Reference 13 Correlation This is a matrix that represents the correlation between radio links You can specify one Correlation matrix corresponding to each Channel Model This applies only to Classical Channel Models These parameters are explained in detail in the following sections 2 7 2 1 Propagation Conditions To edit the propagation conditions 1 Click the row corresponding to the propagation conditions you would like to view or change A drop down arrow and an Edit button display in that row as shown in Figure 2 8 LTE EPA5 Figure 2 8 Selecting the Propagation Conditions Click the Edit button The Interactive Propagation Conditions Editorwindow displays A table displays the following information a The rows that correspond to multi paths b The columns correspond to the various fading parameters The parameters in this window outside the table apply to all the paths The checkboxes in the leftmost column under Path enable you to include or exclude a path from the c
79. hannel model If the checkbox for a particular path is not selected it will not be included in the channel model When you are finished making changes in the Interactive Propagation Conditions Editor there are two options 1 Continue your tests without saving changes Click the Close button to exit without saving the propagation conditions in a particular name for future recall Note that the VR5 still retains the altered propagation conditions under Unsaved Profile Save changes into a file in the library Click the Save As button to specify a name and description for the Propagation Conditions This file will be available in the Propagation Conditions library under User Created folder In either case the VR5 reflects the propagation conditions as specified in the editor after exiting To apply standardized or previously saved Propagation Conditions 14 VR5 HD Spatial Channel Emulator User Manual 1 Click the row corresponding to the propagation conditions you would like to view or change 2 Afield displays as shown in Figure 2 9 Clicking the arrow displays a list of the 10 most recently accessed Propagation Conditions LTE EPAS ey Figure 2 9 Selecting Propagation Conditions 3 To access the entire Library of Propagation Conditions click the More button This is composed of both canned standardized Propagation Conditions supplied with the VR5 and user created Propagation Conditions 2
80. he DEE Pause button Clicking DEE Resume then resumes DEE simulation until the selected state is entered at which point simulation pauses again 2 12 4 5 DEE Specifications Maximum State Transition Time RF Output Level Changes 2 ms Measured from start of state change to completion of state change All Other Changes 400 us Measured from start of state change to completion of state change DEE Trigger Characteristics Trigger Signal TTL Rising Edge Trigger Signal Power 3 3 V Minimum Trigger Width 90 ns Trigger Delay from Trigger to Change in Output Level lt 5 0 ms Change in other parameters lt 1 0 ms 52 VR5 HD Spatial Channel Emulator User Manual 2 13 Updating the VR5 Password You can update the password through the VRS front panel or the Controller laptop 1 If using VR5 front panel connect a mouse to one of the USB ports on the front panel 2 Connect the USB device containing the password into the other USB port on the VR5 front panel 3 From the VR5 GUI menu bar select Help Password Utility File Configure Execute a gt About Manual Instrument Options Hardware Information Password Utility Figure 2 49 VR5 GUI Help Menu Item 4 The Password Utilitywindow displays as shown in Figure 2 50 Password Utility Select Password File Browse Apply Cancel Figure 2 50 Password Utility Window 5 Click the Browse button and s
81. he first arriving path This delay setting is in addition to the absolute electrical delay through the system Bulk Delay Bulk delay is a larger amount of delay that can be applied to the propagation conditions For example the VR5 instrument can add up to four milliseconds ms of delay Any amount of Bulk delay added applies to all of the paths equally Bulk delay does not affect the relative delay spread of the paths Bulk delay can be used to emulate environments in which the transmitter and receiver are extremely distant from one another or to stress a receiver design Chapter Five Channel Modeling Reference 143 5 5 Time Varying Relative Path Delay A Power Delay Profile shown in Figure 5 3 provides a snapshot of the impulse response of a radio propagation channel In mobile applications the number of paths in a Power Delay Profile and their location along the delay spread X axis would remain constant over several meters In many cases the impulse response of a radio channel is averaged over this small distance which translates into a short period of time with mobility to provide a static or wide sense stationary view of channel conditions As a mobile wireless terminal moves over a wider area the shape and characteristics of the Power Delay Profile change dramatically Power Relative Delay Spread Figure 5 3 3D Plot Showing Time Varying PDP Modern wireless communications systems must adapt to these dramatic cha
82. icle velocity assuming that there is an equal probability that the signal is received with an arrival angle anywhere within the range from 0 to 360 degrees The theoretical power spectral density of a Rayleigh faded signal is shown in Figure 5 8 SIGNAL POWER T FREQUENCY f t f fit Figure 5 8 Theoretical Rayleigh Power Spectral Density 148 VR5 HD Spatial Channel Emulator User Manual 5 7 2 Rician Fading Amplitude Distribution Rician fading is formed by the sum of a Rayleigh distributed signal and a Line Of Site LOS or direct path signal where the LOS signal is typically subjected to a static frequency shift static Doppler A fading environment typically associated with Rician fading is that where one strong direct path reaches the receiver at roughly the same delay as multi path from local scatterers The VR5 supports the general case of Rician fading with programmable Angle of Arrival AOA and K factor In the general case of Rician fading the arrival angle of the LOS path at the receiver is programmable as is the ratio of power between the LOS path and the multi path The VR5 provides access to both the LOS arrival angle specified as the AOA expressed in degrees and the LOS path to multi path power ratio specified as the K factor expressed in dB Changing the LOS arrival angle will move the relative location of the direct path with respect to the faded spectrum by changing the static Doppler shift of thi
83. ied channel PARAMETERS Parameter Range RST Resolutio n int 24 24 1 SYSTem CHM PROP BDEath DBINs SYSTem CHM PROP BDEath DBINs DESCRIPTION Set the Birth Death Delay Bins for the given channel PARAMETERS 108 VR5 HD Spatial Channel Emulator User Manual Parameter Range RST Resolutio n real list R1 R2 R64 in 0 to 100 us 0 0 0001 SYSTem CHM PROP BDEath NUMBins SYSTem CHM PROP BDEath NUMBins DESCRIPTION Query the number of active Birth Death delay bins for the given channel PARAMETERS Parameter Range n RST Resolutio int 1 to 64 11 1 SYSTem CHM PROP BDEath SDURation SYSTem CHM PROP BDEath SDURation DESCRIPTION Set or query the Birth Death state duration for the given channel PARAMETERS Parameter Range RST Resolutio n real 0 001 to 60 s 0 001 0 001 SYSTem CHM PROP DIRection SYSTem CHM PROP DIRection DESCRIPTION Chapter Four RPI Command Reference 109 PARAMETERS Parameter Range RST Resolutio n SYSTem CHM PROP BULKdelay VALue SYSTem CHM PROP BULKdelay VALue DESCRIPTION PARAMETERS Parameter Range RST Resolutio n SYSTem CHM PROP BULKdelay STATe SYSTem CHM PR
84. ies such as LTE and LTE Advanced These technologies rely on large numbers of antennas higher bandwidth and band aggregation to deliver high speed data VR5 provides integrated bi directional RF channels and supports carrier aggregation With high fidelity channel and long simulation repetition rates the VR5 ensures reliable and accurate performance evaluation It features an easy to use GUI that provides one click access to the most often used functions The step by step design of the GUI along with the graphical feedback at each step ensure even the most novice user can quickly set up and run the complex RF environments needed to test mobiles and base stations used in LTE LTE Advanced and beyond The integrated touch screen interface on the front panel lets you track test progress in real time and make quick changes to the test setup The VR5 also includes support for MIMO Over the Air testing using the MIMO OTA Environment Builder Software ik a EKA d Kea WES 10 srania cannes imuraror Figure 1 1 VR5 HD Spatial Channel Emulator 2 VR5 HD Spatial Channel Emulator User Manual 1 1 1 Evaluating Radio Access Technologies The VR5 possesses the capabilities necessary to evaluate a broad range of local and wide area wireless network technologies With frequency coverage up to 6 GHz the VR5 covers all deployment frequency bands Supported technologies include e GSM GPRS EDGE e WCDMA e WCDMA HSPA HSDPA HS
85. io n string CLASsical GEOMETRIC MIMO_OTA CLASsical SYSTem CONnection NUMCHM DESCRIPTION Query the number of active channel models in the currently configured Connection Setup SYSTem CONnection LIBrary SYSTem CONnection LIBrary DESCRIPTION Apply a connection setup from the connection setup library PARAMETERS Parameter Range RST Resolutio n string Valid Library Entry SYSTem CONnection LIBAVailable DESCRIPTION Query the available connection setups 74 VR5 HD Spatial Channel Emulator User Manual EXAMPLE 1 VR5 gt CON LIBAV SYSTem RLINK AB STATe SYSTem RLINK AB STATe DESCRIPTION Set and query the state of a radio link PARAMETERS Parameter Range RST Resolutio n bool ON OFF ON SYSTem RLINK AB CONNected DESCRIPTION Query whether a particular Radio Link is connected in the current connection setup PARAMETERS Parameter Range RST Resolutio n jE oe NOT This is a read only parameter that returns information about the connection setup not the configurable Radio Link enable state SYSTem RLINK AB CHMindex Chapter Four RPI Command Reference 75 DESCRIPTION Query the index 1 based of the channel model mapped to this radio link PARAMETERS Parameter Range n
86. irth Death sequence These include e Number of Bins Defines the number of bins that paths configured for Birth Death delay will hop between e State Duration Defines the time between delay state changes e Delay Bin Values Defines the location of the individual delay bins used in the Birth Death sequence Relative Path Loss Relative path loss is a phenomenon where individual paths arriving at the receiver are at different absolute power levels The difference in power levels between paths is due to the fact that different paths take different routes in the wireless environment Referring to Paths A and C in Figure 5 6 Path C arrives at a lower power level then Path A This occurs since some amount of the power in signal Path C is lost when it reflects off the truck Signal strength also varies as a function of the distance the signal travels The loss of signal strength should follow the 1 d2 law in free space where d is the distance between the transmitter and the receiver In the actual cellular environment the loss is much worse between 1 d3 to 1 d6 due mainly to variations in the terrain Transmitter Figure 5 6 Transmitter to Receiver Signal Diagram 146 VR5 HD Spatial Channel Emulator User Manual 5 7 Fast Fading Fast fading is generated by local scattering of the individual paths in the Power Delay Profile in close proximity to the receiver This scattering creates a large number of reflected si
87. is applicable only when the Units chosen for the port is E N Chapter Two Operation Reference 31 2 10 Advanced Settings The Advanced Settings window allows you to e Set relative powers between radio links connected to the same output port to model branch imbalance e Enable or disable individual radio links e Set the phases of individual radio links Connection Setup Radiolink Configuration Out Port Radiolink Enabled Relative Power dB Abso 4 Link Phase UNE Figure 2 21 Advanced Settings Window 2 10 1 Relative Power Between Radio Links In the example shown in Figure 2 21 if you set the relative power of Radio link A1 gt B1 to 3 dB it results in the absolute power of A1 gt B1 and A2 gt B1 being adjusted so that the following result occurs e There is a 3 dB difference between them as shown in Figure 2 22 32 VR5 HD Spatial Channel Emulator User Manual e The total output power of that port matches the set power in the RF Setup and Measurements panel The total output power of any port is governed solely by the settings in Section 2 8 RF Setup and Measurement Radiolink Configuration Out Port Radiolink Enabled Relative Power dB Absolute Power dBm Link Phase HHS 8 Figure 2 22 Radiolink Configuration 2 10 2 Enabling and Disabling Radio Links When you disable a radio link that radio link will have zero power and the powers of the other
88. ive Query Message Units queries are Program Message Units which ask VR5 to report back a response of some kind usually a parameter value Queries have a question mark after the command name as shown below Chapter Three Remote Programming Interface 65 VR5 gt CHM1 PATH1 DELay VALue A possible response for this query might be 10 0000 3 4 3 Command Sequence To execute a VR5 Program Message Unit 1 Check for any pending responses VR5 does not execute a new Program Message Unit if the result from a previous message has not been read 2 Send the command or query to VRS 3 After a query is sent execute a Serial poll and then read the query response from VRS In the LAN CR LF protocol it is not necessary to check for pending responses The unit automatically queues any responses and error messages Nevertheless it is highly recommended to query the response before sending next command A common practice is to append a ERR query after each command For example VR5 gt CHM1 PATH1 DELay 10 ERR Notice that a semicolon separates the two actions and a colon indicates that the following message should start from the root of the command tree By sending the above message and reading back the response you will see any errors that might have arisen Default Commands and Headers Many commands queries and command groups have defaults associated with them For example under each header there is a
89. l 360 0 to 360 0 0 0 1 SYSTem PORT A INPDelay SYSTem PORT A INPDelay DESCRIPTION 82 VR5 HD Spatial Channel Emulator User Manual PARAMETERS Parameter Range RST Resolutio n real 0 to 50 ns 0 0 1 ns SYSTem PORT A OUTPDelay SYSTem PORT A OUTPDelay DESCRIPTION PARAMETERS Parameter Range RST Resolutio n real 0 to 50 ns 0 0 1 ns SYSTem PORT A INFREQuency SYSTem PORT A INFREQuency DESCRIPTION Set and query frequency of the channel input PARAMETERS Parameter Range RST Resolutio n real 380 to 6000 MHz 900 0 001 NOTE 1 Dependent on the hardware availability and purchased options GI N NOTI Chapter Four RPI Command Reference 83 Input and Output frequencies of other ports that are connected via MIMO links will be configured as well SYSTem PORT A OUTFREQuency DESCRIPTION Set and query frequency of the channel output PARAMETERS Parameter Range RST Resolutio n real 380 to 6000 MHz 900 0 001 NOTE 1 Dependent on the hardware availability and purchased options NOT BJ N Input and Output frequencies of other ports that are connected via MIMO links will be configured as well SYSTem PORT A CFACtor SYSTem PORT A CFACtor DESCRIPTION PARAMETERS Parameter Range RST
90. led Power 08 Li oc ca Co 4 00704 000 o ie 2 OCT 000 w u Figure 2 41 DEE Template Sample 4 46 VR5 HD Spatial Channel Emulator User Manual z a ry 5 E State Duration Correlation Matrix Time Stamp mm ss 000 sec Editor Complex Correlation P1 Complex Correlation P2 Compl 00 01 000 1 000 00 02 000 00 03 000 00 04 000 00 05 000 00 06 000 ET 2 0 0 9 0 0 9 0 0 51 0 0 9 0 14 4 4 1 0 0 9 0 0 9 0 0 81 0 0 9 0 14 4 4 1 0 selsunsieulenINIRieltis IR letiRItIRIE Se lefaluls lune z 9 iS is t lt Prop Rink Correlation Corebton 89 J Figure 2 42 DEE Template Sample 5 This DEE file performs the following functions In State 1 e Set State Duration to 1 second each state duration thereafter remains 1 second unless the particular state is changed e Set the output power of port A1 to 60 00 e All other parameters remain as defined in non DEE mode In State 2 e Modify the output power of port A1 In State 3 e Modify the output power of port A1 e Turn Path 2 OFF 1 ON O OFF for propagation condition 1 In State 4 e Modify the output power of port A1 e Turn Path 1 OFF 1 ON O OFF for propagation condition 2 Chapter Two Operation Reference 47 48 VR5 HD Spatial Channel Emulator User Manual In State 5 e Modify the output power of port A1 e Disable Radio Link A1 gt B1 In State 6 e Modify the output power of port A1
91. local topography in the path from the transmitter to the receiver The blockage of the signal is caused by elements in the environment such as hills or a building This phenomenon is often called shadowing since the receiver is passing through a large shadow of an object An example of this is shown in Figure 5 12 as the mobile receiver car passes in the shadow of the building the signal strength would fade 40 00 gt 50 00 SIGNAL POWER dBm 60 00 70 00 I T I TIME 2 sec sweep Figure 5 12 Log Normal Fading vs Time e Log Normal Standard Deviation 10 dB e Log Normal Rate 10 Hz e Path Loss 25 dB e Center Freq 900 MHz e Span 0 Hz e RBW 100 kHz e Sweep Time 2 sec Chapter Five Channel Modeling Reference 153 TRANSMITTER Figure 5 13 Transmitter to Receiver Log Normal Diagram This fading has statistical characteristics that are represented by a log normal distribution of fluctuations in the mean average signal power expressed in decibels dB The standard deviation of the log normal distribution is determined by the characteristics of the terrain where the transmitter and receiver are located For example a standard deviation of between 6 8 dB is typical for urban areas while a deviation of 10 12 dB can be observed in rural locations The maximum rate of the log normal fading must also be specified The rate of log normal fading is the maximum frequency of the f
92. low the instructions to install the latest version of Spirent VR5 software 3 Remote Programing Interface 3 1 Overview The Remote Programming Interface RPI gives you the ability to remotely control the VR5 HD Spatial Channel Emulator A computer or terminal can control the VR5 HD Spatial Channel Emulator by issuing commands through the Ethernet remote control port It follows the LAN CR LF LAN CR LF carriage return line feed is a simple command line protocol and allows you to control VR5 from a terminal or a computer using a TCP IP socket connection Before processing remote commands you make a connection to the VR5 HD Spatial Channel Emulator s VR5 HD Spatial Channel Emulator commands and queries are arranged in a tree structure The top of this tree contains headers and IEEE 488 2 mandatory commands and queries Each header can have more headers and Program Messages commands and queries under it For a complete description of all headers and commands refer to Chapter 4 on page 68 As described above VR5 HD Spatial Channel Emulator command set is made up of IEEE 488 2 mandatory common commands as well as VR5 specific commands These commands loosely adhere to the SCPI protocol This simplifies learning and using the command set if you are already familiar with other IEEE 488 2 instruments 3 2 RPI Setup To set up the remote programing interface 1 Connect the controller laptop running the automation program to
93. lt lt The first example is the long format of the full implementation of the query The second form is the short form of the full implementation of the query The third example takes advantage of the defined default sub mnemonics to shorten the query text 3 4 7 Error Message Format The ERR query reports any errors that may have occurred Errors are reported in the form ERROR_NUMBER ERROR_DESCRIPTION The following is a list of possible error responses e 0 No error e 256 File name not found The specified file does not exist e 100 Command error Command not understood e 200 Execution error Unable to execute command e 222 Data out of range Parameter data out of range e 224 Parameter error Parameter data not understood e 350 Queue Overflow There is no more room in the Error queue An error occurred but has not been recorded 4 RPI Command Reference 4 1 4 2 Overview This chapter provides a complete description of each command in the VR5 RPI command set You should be thoroughly familiar with the information in Chapter 3 before attempting to use VR5 remote commands The Remote Operation section provides the details of VR5 command message format and syntax RPI Command Set Descriptions HELP DESCRIPTION Print the list of RPI commands Use doc command_name for more details RST DESCRIPTION Reset all RPI
94. ment Test The Following sections provide detailed instructions on setting up a test with dynamically changing environment conditions To set up a dynamic environment test 1 Define the Non DEE VR5 State The non DEE state refers to the setup of the VR5 when you are not using the DEE feature Set the non DEE state of the instrument using the VR5 GUI or through RPI commands as you would under normal operation This information combined with State 1 of the State Emulation file describes the state of the VR5 in State 1 of DEE All parameters set up statically remain in effect unless the particular parameter is changed in DEE Only certain parameters are capable of being changed in DEE Parameters not controllable in DEE remain in whatever state they are in prior to starting a DEErun For example the Fading Type associated with a path is settable via the GUI or RPI in non DEE mode Even though the Fading Type cannot be changed dynamically via DEE the Fading Type set prior to entering DEE will remain active during the DEE run y Defining the Dynamic Environment Define the dynamic channel conditions you would like to emulate in the DEE File Refer to Section2 7 2 for details 3 Enter the Dynamic Environment Emulation view in the VR5 GUI as shown in Figure 2 24 36 VR5 HD Spatial Channel Emulator User Manual a File Configure Exec Figure 2 24 Dynamic Environment Emulation DEE View 4 Sele
95. meter Range RST Resolutio n 0 to 1999 8 us 0 0 0001 SYSTem CHM PROP GCM PATH LOS AOA SYSTem CHM PROP GCM PATH LOS AOA DESCRIPTION of Arrival of the LoS component for the given Set or query the Angl path 112 VR5 HD Spatial Channel Emulator User Manual PARAMETERS Parameter Range n RST Resolutio 180 to 180 deg 0 0 01 SYSTem CHM PROP GCM PATH LOS AOD SYSTem CHM PROP GCM PATH LOS AOD DESCRIPTION Set or query the Angle of Departure of the LoS component for the given path PARAMETERS Parameter Range RST Resolutio n 180 to 180 deg 0 0 01 SYSTem CHM PROP GCM PATH LOS DOPPler DESCRIPTION Query the LoS doppler for the given path PARAMETERS Parameter Range RST Resolutio n SYSTem CHM PROP GCM PATH LOS KFACtor SYSTem CHM PROP GCM PATH LOS KFACtor Chapter Four RPI Command Reference 113 DESCRIPTION Set or query the K Factor of the LoS component for the given path PARAMETERS Parameter Range RST Resolutio n 30 to 30 dB 0 1 SYSTem CHM PROP GCM PATH LOS STATE SYSTem CHM PROP GCM PATH LOS STATe DESCRIPTION Set or query the state of LoS component for the given path PARAM
96. mp Tablet PC Settings amp User Accounts 4 Administrative Tools Be BitLocker Drive Encryption K Date and Time et Device Manager E Ease of Access Center HomeGroup Keyboard Notification Area Icons E Personalization Programs and Features View by Small icons ig AutoPlay E Color Management Default Programs Devices and Printers Folder Options 2 Indexing Options Mouse Pen and Touch LE Phone and Modem Recovery a Programs and Features Uninstall or change programs on your a Taskbar and Start Menu 5 Windows CardSpace computer Windows Firewall Figure 2 52 Control Panel Selecting Programs and Features 6 Right click VR5 Spatial Channel Emulator and select Uninstall from the menu as shown in Figure 2 53 Search Programs and Features FX Control Panel All Control Panel Items Programs and Features Control Panel Home Uninstall or change a program View installed updates To uninstall a program select it from the list and then click Uninstall Change or Repair Turn Windows features on or off Organize Uninstall Change Repair 7 Name E FileZilla Server remove only BB Intel R Network Connections 15 6 25 0 lt MATLAB Compiler Runtime 7 16 Publisher Installed On 8 23 2011 7 18 2011 9 19 2011 7 18 2011 7 18 2011 9 19 2011 9 19 2011 7 18 2011 8 23 2011 10 11 2011 Intel The MathWorks I
97. mplate to xstb format This is the format that the VR5 software uses to import the state change information The Import DEE button is used to import a previously exported XSTB file back into the template The Clear Template button is used to clear the template of all user entered data A B G D E E VRS DEE Template Import DEE File Connection Setup Export DEE File 2x2 BiDirectional FDD lt State Duration Port A1 Output Port A2 Output Port B1 Output Comment Time Stamp mm ss 000 sec Power dBm Power dBm Power dBm 00 01 000 1 000 60 00 55 00 43 30 46 20 44 00 Blol saiueuin Figure 2 31 Sample Column with Two States 40 VR5 HD Spatial Channel Emulator User Manual A B VR5 DEE Template 262 BiDirectional FDD E State Duration Port A1 Output Port A2 Output Port B1 Output 2 Comment Time Stamp mm ss 000 sec Power dBm Power dBm Power dBm ail 00 01 000 1 000 60 00 4 1 000 55 00 5 1 000 6 1 000 43 30 Li 1 000 46 20 8 1 000 44 00 Figure 2 32 Sample Column with Six States ChProp Tab The ChProp X tabs define dynamic changes associated with each of the propagation conditions There is a separate tab available for Channel Model defined in the selected Connection Setup For example the 2X2 BiDirectional FDD connection setup has two Channel Models and two associated separate propagation conditions as shown in Figure 2 33 FADING Figure 2 33
98. nc Microsoft Corporation E Microsoft NET Framework 4 Client Profile E Microsoft NET Framework 4 Extended Microsoft Corporation E Microsoft Visual C 2005 Redistributable x64 m Microsoft Visual C 2008 Redistributable x64 9 fed Microsoft Visual Studio 2010 Tools for Office Runt MT 7 13 Build 1 for Windows VIRE VRS HD Spatial Channel Emulato Microsoft Corporation Microsoft Corporation Microsoft Corporation t Communications Uninstall Change Repair A 7 Ifthe window shown in Figure 2 54 displays select the Automatically close applications and attempt to restart them after setup is complete option and click OK Spirent Communications Product version 01 00 135 Size 89 0 MB Figure 2 53 Uninstalling the Program Chapter Two Operation Reference 55 Fr VRS HD Spatial Channel Emulator a install The following applications should be closed before continuing the RPIListener Automatically close applications and attempt to restart them after getup is complete D Do not close applications A Reboot may be required Figure 2 54 Close Open Applications Window 8 Navigate to the new VRS install directory on your USB flash drive as shown in Figure 2 55 m gt Computer gt Removable Disk F VR5 01111593 Organize Share with Burn New folder a Favorites Name
99. ng and short form is as follows VR5 gt CHM1 PATH1 DELay 10 0 The mnemonic called DELay is a command under the PATH1 root command group Its short form is DEL and its long form is DELay The following are valid combinations VR5 gt CHM1 PATH1 DELay 10 0 VR5 gt CHM1 PATH1 DEL 10 0 VR5 gt CHM1 PAtH1 dElAy 10 0 The first example shows the first mnemonic using the long form The second example shows the short form The third example shows a combination of upper and lower case letters The following are not valid combinations VR5 gt CHM1 PATH1 DELa 10 0 VR5 gt CHM1 P1 DELay 10 0 In the first example the DELay mnemonic is neither in long or short form In the second example the PATH1 mnemonic is invalid Chapter Three Remote Programming Interface 67 3 4 6 Hierarchical Default Format There are default sub mnemonics for many instances of the hierarchical level of a command structure When these commands are addressed the default sub mnemonics need not be explicitly entered These defaults are presented in square brackets in Chapter 4 on page 59 Use the default sub mnemonics for both parameter set and query commands For example the Channel 1 path 1 delay command is presented as lt R5 gt CHM1 PATH1 DELay VALue o he current setting for this frequency can be queried in several ways R5 gt CHM1 PATH1 DELay VALue R5 gt CHM1 PATH1 DEL VAL VR5 gt CHM1 PATH1 DEL
100. nges to continuously mitigate the impact of multi path delay spread To accurately evaluate the performance over a time varying Power Delay Profile a fading emulator must be able to emulate the time varying changes in the paths delay characteristics The following sections describe popularly employed models to emulate dynamic delay spread 5 5 1 Moving Propagation Sliding Relative Path Delay Popular channel models feature Moving Propagation Power Delay Profiles with time varying delay spread to evaluate the ability of a receiver to adapt to dynamic changes in the radio environment caused by mobility These models may specify the use of paths with sliding delay characteristics 3GPP test specifications define Moving Propagation channel models that utilize paths that possess sliding delay with a sinusoidal variation in delay spread VR5 sliding delay emulation smoothly varies the temporal location of individual multi path components using a periodic sinusoidal function A two path example is shown in Figure 5 4 below In this example Path 1 has fixed delay t0 while Path 2 has sliding delay oscillating over the delay range of At 144 VR5 HD Spatial Channel Emulator User Manual A A A D 2 A Ya w Oo A A lt At gt gt to t Relative Delay Spread Figure 5 4 Sliding Delay Example Several parameters must be defined for paths employing Moving Propagation including e Minimum Delay minimum delay of the
101. o SPIRENT VR5 HD Spatial Channel Emulator User Manual Spirent 541 Industrial Way West Eatontown NJ 07724 USA Email sales spirent com Web http www spirent com AMERICAS 1 800 SPIRENT 1 818 676 2683 sales spirent com EUROPE AND THE MIDDLE EAST 44 0 1293 767979 emeainfo spirent com ASIA AND THE PACIFIC 86 10 8518 2539 salesasia spirent com This manual applies to VR5 Version 1 20 or higher Page Part Number 71 006662 Version A2 Copyright 2012 Spirent All Rights Reserved All of the company names and or brand names and or product names referred to in this document in particular the name Spirent and its logo device are either registered trademarks or trademarks of Spirent plc and its subsidiaries pending registration in accordance with relevant national laws All other registered trademarks or trademarks are the property of their respective owners The information contained in this document is subject to change without notice and does not represent a commitment on the part of Spirent The information in this document is believed to be accurate and reliable however Spirent assumes no responsibility or liability for any errors or inaccuracies that may appear in the document Safety Summary If the equipment is used in a manner not specified by the manufacturer the protection provided by the equipment may be impaired Safety Symbols The following safety symbols are used throughout this manual and
102. oise specify the value in dB Chapter Two Operation Reference 29 2 9 5 3 Measured Ratio This is the measured signal to noise ratio of the signal on the output port This measurement is derived from the measured output level and measured noise level on the output port The measurement bandwidth and units can be adjusted in the Configure menu If this value is different from the Set Ratio it is because the Expected Input level does not match the Measured Input level This in turn results in the carrier output power being inaccurate and hence the Measured signal to noise ratio does not match the Set Ratio This can be solved by clicking Autoset for the particular RF port To configure other AWGN interferer properties such as measurement bandwidth and units select ConfigurexAWGN Settings The AWGN Settings window displays as shown in Figure 2 20 AWGN Settings Output Port AWGN Bandwidth MHz Receiver Bandwidth MHz Bit Rate kbps Units em Figure 2 20 AWGN Setup Window 2 9 5 4 Out Port This is the logical name of output port The logical port name corresponds to a physical port as shown in the Connection Setup diagram in the Main View 2 9 5 5 AWGN Bandwidth To set the bandwidth of the AWGN noise for a particular output port enter the value in MHZ Note the AWGN bandwidth must be greater than or equal to the set Receiver Bandwidth 30 VR5 HD Spatial Channel Emulator User Manual
103. olutio n real 0 to 100 us 0 0 0001 oO iLay MOVProp DMAX Lay MOVP rop DMAX SYSTem CHM PROP PATH SYSTem CHM PROP PATH iw DESCRIPTION Set the moving propagation Delay Maximum for the given path of the given channel PARAMETERS Parameter Range RST Resolutio n real 0 to 100 us 0 0 0001 SYSTem CHM PROP PATH DELay MOVProp ORATe 120 VR5 HD Spatial Channel Emulator User Manual SYSTem CHM PROP PATH DELay MOVProp ORATe DESCRIPTION Set the moving propagation rate of oscillation for the given path of the given channel PARAMETERS Parameter Range RST Resolutio n real 0 001 to 32 767 rad s 0 001 0 0001 T SYSTem CHM PROP PATH DELay MOVProp PERiod SYSTem CHM PROP PATH DELay MOVProp PERiod DESCRIPTION Query the moving propagation Delay Period for the given path of the given channel PARAMETERS Parameter Range RST Resolutio n real SYSTem CHM PROP PATH DFRequency SYSTem CHM PROP PATH DFRequency DESCRIPTION Set or query the Fading Doppler Frequency for the given path of the given channel Chapter Four RP Command Reference 121 PARAMETERS Parameter Range n RST Resolutio real 2000 to 0 1 0 1 to 2000 Hz 41 7 0 0
104. on Levels Within Channel 45 dBc Chapter Six Technical Specifications 155 Outside Channel within 400 to 6000 MHz 20 dBc 6 1 5 Residual EVM 40 dB typical per sub carrier 6 1 6 Noise Floor Better than 165 dBm Hz typical at a set output level of 45 dBm and set input level of 10 dBm 6 1 7 RF Physical Interface Characteristics Impedance Input VSWR Connector Type 50 ohms lt 1 5 N Female Front Panel 6 2 Interface and Environmental Characteristics 6 2 1 VR5 Front Panel Indicators Status Instrument Configuration 1 LED indicator 1 LCD Touch Panel 6 2 2 VR5 Power Requirements Voltage Frequency Current and Power Model VR5 4C08D Model VR5 4C16D Model VR5 8C16D Overload Protection 100 240 VAC auto sensing 50 60 Hz 3 1A 8 0A 725 Watts Max 3 9A 9 8A 900 Watts Max 5 0A 12 5A 1150 Watts Max 1 thermal circuit breaker 15 Amp 240 Vac Thermal 60C 156 VR5 HD Spatial Channel Emulator User Manual Circuits Protected Hot amp Neutral conductors 6 2 3 Operating Environment Temperature 0 to 40 degrees C Humidity 10 to 90 noncondensing 6 2 4 VR5 Dimensions and Weight Height 10 5 inches Width 17 2 inches Depth 29 4 inches Weight 113 pounds VR5 8C16D 6 2 5 VR5 Control Interfaces Interfaces Provided Ethernet 6 2 6 10 MHz Reference Requirements External 10 MHz Reference Input Connector Type 50Q BNC connector rear Input
105. ort OEE File conte State Duration PortAl Output PortA2 Output PortB1 Output Port B2 Outp 2 Comment Time Stamp men s5 000 sec Power dam Power dBm Power dBm Power dBm ss 00 03 000 1 000 50 00 8 55 00 Si 45 00 6 43 30 2 CO SA 4 0 3 20 u n a 4 35 16 a il i y f z Figure 2 38 DEE Template Sample 1 4 a s c o E G J K PI Satus P2 Statin State Duration Propagationt 0 OFF Pi Relative Path PILOS AOA Pifrequeecy Pi Doppler e o 1 Time stamp rremcws 000 vec Comment 1 0N PiDeleyls tow an deg PAK Factor en Shift vex Velocity inh 3 0 LA 2 00 01 00 1 000 a 20 02 000 ei 2001 00 6104 00 2605 00 7 0006 000 D n D 35 CA 6 3 a 2 2 7 3s gt n 66H pu popl popi Mink Coniston Comte 93 Ba Figure 2 39 DEE Template Sample 2 Chapter Two Operation Reference 45 he Piina sste Cwration Propapstion 6 OFF Pi Relative Path 2108 AGA Fifvequeny Fi 0opele O HF m t aatisnsier te Comment 1 04 Preeti Louis t s PAR Factor elt Shite pru velocity pinh 1 00 Preiyha tow i wero Le a 02 000 22000 3 20 24 000 o fa 20 23 000 a 00 68 000 13 ns CCC QI Figure 2 40 DEE Template Sample 3 Ea A Enr EE E663 ES VERRE 1 ALB Ensthed WA mari Ar Bi Relative ALEI Phase 0 Chabled ADB Reus Theme Stamp mans 000 ed Power 08 deg Enab
106. own in Figure 2 2 VR5 HD Spatial Channel Emulator Primary VRS IP Address 192 168 0 151 is Close Figure 2 2 VR5 HD Spatial Channel Emulator Window 4 Enter the IP address of the VR5 and click Connect The IP address of your VR5 can be found on the VR5 Touchscreen 5 The VR5 Graphical User Interface displays 8 VR5 HD Spatial Channel Emulator User Manual 2 5 VR5 Graphical User Interface Overview The input parameters to the VR5 are logically organized into the following groups of parameters e Connection Setup e Channel Model Propagation Conditions Correlation applicable only to Classical Channel Models e RF Parameters The VR5 GUI shown in Figure 2 3 allows you to view and set these parameters File Configure Execute Help pati me Configuration Connection Setup Channel Model ND i Propagation Conditions ETDE 1 Unsaved Profile Uncorrelated port1 p Al PORT2 PORT7 PORTS PORTS PORT 10 PORT 15 PORT 16 2 Unsaved Profile Uncorrelated 3 Unsaved Profile Uncorrelated 4 Unsaved Profile Uncorrelated CARRIER INPUT OUTPUT AWGN Unit Expected Measured SetPower Measured Measured No Frequency MHz dBm dBm dBm Enable Units Set Ratio dB Ratio dB 2140 000 2140 000 00 00 00 0 STOPPED i e Connected to 192 168 0 151 Figure 2 3 VR5 GUI 2 5 1
107. parameters to their default settings CLS DESCRIPTION Clear instrument status Chapter Four RPI Command Reference 69 IDN DESCRIPTION Query the identification string for the instrument OPT DESCRIPTION Query the supported options on the instrument SYSTem ERR DESCRIPTION Query system error queue EXAMP LE 5 oe SYST ERR SYSTem OERR DESCRIPTION Query operational error queue EXAMP LE T oe SYST OERR 70 VR5 HD Spatial Channel Emulator User Manual SYSTem HOLD DESCRIPTION Flag set to hold the VR5 software from updating the state of the hardware while parameters are being changed PARAMETERS Parameter Range n bool TRUE FALSE EXAMPLE 1 VR5 gt HOLD TRUE VRS gt CHM1 PATH1 VRS gt CHMI PATHI VRS gt CHMI PATHI VRS gt HOLD FALSE ON MOD RAYL DFR 250 7 RST FALSI GI Resolutio SYSTem NUMINSTruments DESCRIPTION Set the parameters and connect to additional instrument configuration PARAMETERS Parameter Range n int 1 to string NOTI BJ pi oe This is a blocking RPI command minute to execute 2 instruments in a multi RST Resolutio which can take upwards of a Chapter Four RPI Command Reference 71 EXAMPLE 1 F
108. quency from the carrier is determined by the following formula Velocity mobile F TC carrier C Freq Doppler E where C Speed of Light 3 x 108 m s The Doppler frequency caused by dynamic rotation of the path phase can be either positive or negative depending whether the mobile receiver is moving away from or towards the transmitter respectively 5 8 2 High Speed Train Frequency Shift At the high speeds both the Doppler shift and the rate of change of Doppler shift are very large making it very difficult to maintain a mobile connection Since one of the 3GPP s goals is to maintain mobility up to 350 km h HST tests are included in the 3GPP standards The High Speed Train model focuses on a signal s Doppler Shift as a User Equipment UE in a high speed train 300 350 km h passes a Base Station BS The model in the standards for the High Speed Train consists of a single static path whose instantaneous Doppler shift is given as f t fa cos A t 2 2 Where fd is defined as v fa f C Where fc is the carrier frequency v is the speed of the mobile in m s and C is the speed of light 3x108 m s and cos Q t is defined as D 2 vt cos O t 1 Pain D 2 vt 0 lt t lt D v 1 5D vt Bl 1 5D vt _D fv lt t lt 2D fv cos A t Chapter Five Channel Modeling Reference 151 cosO t cosO t mod 2D v t gt 2D v 03 where D 2 is the initial distance of the train from
109. r Le disjoncteur sur le panneau arri re est l pour d connecter le VR5 en toute s curit en cas de surcharge Dans le cas d un d clenchement du disjoncteur ex cutez les tapes suivantes 1 D branchez le cordon d alimentation du VR5 de la prise murale ou d branchez le cordon d alimentation de la prise du panneau arri re du VR5 Attendez 2 minutes R initialisez le disjoncteur Rebranchez le cordon d alimentation A ee Si le disjoncteur reste allum proc dez la mise sous tension normale de fonctionnement 6 Sile disjoncteur se d clenche nouveau d branchez le cordon d alimentation et ne plus utiliser le VR5 7 Contactez alors Spirent Global Services CUSTOMER SERVICE CENTER CSC support en ligne http support spirent com SUPPORT TELEPHONIQUE Suivez le menu vocal interactif afin d atteindre le support du produit recherch Vous pouvez galement s lectionner une assistance administrative ou un support technique aux num ros de t l phone suivant Am rique du Nord 1 800 SPIRENT 1 800 774 7368 Hors Am rique du Nord 1 818 676 2616 Chine continentale seulement 86 800 810 9529 Asie Pacifique 86 10 8233 0033 Europe Moyen Orient et Afrique 33 1 6137 2270 SUPPORT PAR EMAIL Pour ouvrir une nouvelle demande de service par e mail pour des questions techniques ou administratives contactez support spirent com
110. r Bit Rate BIT BIT Rate TRate of the specified channel 88 VR5 HD Spatial Channel Emulator User Manual PARAMETERS Parameter Range n RST Resolutio real 0 1 to 100000 kbps 9 6 0 001 SYSTem PORT A INTerferer NBWidth SYSTem PORT A INTerferer NBWidth DESCRIPTION Set the Interferer Bandwidth for the specified channel PARAMETERS Parameter Range RST Resolutio n real 1 5625 3 125 6 25 12 5 25 50 100 MHz 1245 SYSTem PORT A INTerferer RBWidth SYSTem PORT A INTerferer RBWidth DESCRIPTION Set the Receiver Bandwidth for the specified channel PARAMETERS Parameter Range n RST Resolutio real 0 1 100 MHz 10 0 001 SYSTem PORT A MEASure CTON DESCRIPTION Chapter Four RPI Command Reference 89 Query the measured C N ratio in dB for the specified channel PARAMETERS Parameter Range RST Resolutio n SYSTem PORT A MEASure EBNO DESCRIPTION Query the measured Eb No ratio in dB for the specified channel PARAMETERS Parameter Range RST Resolutio n SYSTem PORT A MEASure TTHReshold SYSTem PORT A MEASure TTHReshold DESCRIPTION Set the Output Measurement type for the power meter of a specified channel PARAMETERS Parameter Range RST Resolutio
111. ract and harsh radio channel effects to be mitigated When a wireless signal is sent from the transmitter to the receiver it traverses a complex radio channel that distorts the intended signal transmission Every aspect of the environment encountered by a signal from the time it is transmitted to when itis received is called the wireless channel The transmitted signal takes multiple paths to the receiver These paths are caused by the signal bouncing off reflective surfaces such as the ground buildings or trees Mobility between the transmitter and receiver causes the characteristics of these paths to be time varying Multiple copies of the originally transmitted signal arrive at the receiver each having taken a different route through the wireless channel So each copy travels a different length and accordingly has a different phase The greater the bandwidth of the receiver the greater its ability to resolve different copies separated finely in time So depending on the bandwidth of the receiver these different copies are seen as arriving at the same or different instant in time The copies of the signal that are seen as arriving at the same instant in time add vectorially with different phases to produce one path Transmitter Figure 5 1 Typical Multi path Fading Scenario Figure 5 1 is a diagram of a typical mobile receiver the car as it drives along a roadway A B C and D depict four of the many paths from the transmitter to recei
112. rams on the local computer click Yes to proceed 6 If the window shown in Figure 2 59 displays select the Automatically close applications and attempt to restart them after setup is complete option and click OK r VR5 HD Spatial Channel Emulator c n The following applications should be closed before continuing the install RPIListener Sutomatically close applications and attempt to restart them after setup is complete Do not close applications A Reboot may be required Figure 2 59 Close Open Applications Window 7 Navigate to the new VRS install directory on your USB flash drive as shown in Figure 2 60 LM gt Computer Removable Disk F VR5 01111593 gt n Organize Share with Burn New folder P Ewoee Name g Date modified Type Size E Desktop di DotNetFx40 6 11 2012 10 33 PM File folder d Downloads Ji vstorso 6 11 2012 10 34 PM File folder E Recent Places J Windowsinstaller3_1 6 11 2012 10 34 PM File folder T DoNotRun exe 6 11 2012 10 28 PM Application 687 KB 403 Libraries 5 DoNotRun msi 6 11 2012 10 29 PM Windows Installer 81 102 KB Documents E VRSinstall exe 6 11 2012 10 28 PM Application 185 KB d Music t Pictures B Videos a Homegroup 4 Computer amp os c READER D gt my Removable Disk F amp Microsoft Office Click Figure 2 60 The VR5 Install Directory 8 Open the setup exe file and fol
113. rence 123 SYSTem CHM PROP PATH FSHift HST INIDs DESCRIPTION Set or query the High Speed Train Ds m for the given path of the given channel PARAMETERS Parameter Range RST Resolutio n real 1 to 2000 300 Os SYSTem CHM PROP PATH FSHift HST DMIN SYSTem CHM PROP PATH FSHift HST DMIN DESCRIPTION Set or query the High Speed Train Dmin m for the given path of the given channel PARAMETERS Parameter Range RST Resolutio n real 1 to 200 2 OT SYSTem CHM PROP PATH FSHift HST VELocity SYSTem CHM PROP PATH FSHift HST VELocity DESCRIPTION Set or query the High Speed Train Velocity km h for the given path of the given channel 124 VR5 HD Spatial Channel Emulator User Manual PARAMETERS Parameter Range n RST Resolutio real 10 to 500 300 0 001 SYSTem CHM PROP PATH FSHift HST MAXDoppler SYSTem CHM PROP PATH FSHift HST MAXDoppler DESCRIPTION Set or query the High Speed Train fd Hz i e maximum Doppler for the given path of the given channel PARAMETERS Parameter Range n RST Resolutio real 0 to 2000 1150 0 01 SYSTem CHM PROP PATH FSHift HST PERiod DESCRIPTION Query the period s for the High Speed Train frequency shift for the given path of the given channel PA
114. rntnssansanviasswsiateousseadabsaivaaisasssansanesansanbssedadsnsndanasdvseansasusiatucs 27 20 4 COURS nn de ie eT ete code 28 AO ae 28 11 VR5 HD Spatial Channel Emulator User Manual 2 10 Advanced OEINES scan heat 31 2 10 1 Relative Power Between Radio Links 31 2 10 2 Enabling and Disabling Radio Links 32 210 3 LINK PAUSE sans nantaise asiienssrssses sa sinasisisitsanss 32 2 11 Phase Cali talon cicccsscrssunccsrenccacesdvusneencnnevacsadcotovusercessesxsanteueteees 32 2 12 Dynamic Environment Emulation DEE cccccseccesceeeceeeeeeeceees 34 2 12 1 Setting up a Dynamic Environment Test 35 DADS Cre ting a DEE File svcccccescactccscceadecedecciccshecadedencsees cacdensosewevedacegneascasaes 38 2 12 3 Dynamic Environment Emulation DEE View 48 242 4 DECI Detail rene ere Gore ersten 49 2 13 Updating the VR5 Password cccccccssssccccceessceccceeeesesceceeeeeeeees 52 2 14 Upgrading VR5 Software ss 52 2 14 1 Upgrading Software on the Instrument 52 2 14 2 Upgrading Software on the Laptop scccsccssssssscssccssssssessscceseeeees 56 3 Remote Programing Interface sssssssssssssssses DI 2 1 OVERVIEW sre issmimnnnieriendicnainireiunthaliiion 59 Boe RPI SOLU Des san rain emule 59 3 2 1 Enable Monitor Messages ss 61 3 2 2 Enable TCP IP CHOS na innnnaancrannamaninloiden 61 3 3 Migrating from SR5500 Pline id caisses 62 3 3 1 COMDUMONV ES encens eue die tes 62 3 3 2
115. rom the primary instrument RPI which is networked to the second VR5 configure the second instrument and connect VR5 gt NUMINST 2 192 168 0 152 VR5 gt VR5 gt CON LIB OCTAL_2X2_UNI After the multi instrument connection sequence is complete the connection setup has been changed to the default multi instrument configuration SYSTem EMULation PLAY DESCRIPTION Start playing channel emulation SYSTem EMULation PAUSe DESCRIPTION Pause channel emulation SYSTem EMULation STOP DESCRIPTION Stop channel emulation SYSTem EMULation STATe 72 VR5 HD Spatial Channel Emulator User Manual DESCRIPTION Query the stat of the system SYSTem FIL DESCRIPTION Load a system setting file GI LOAD PARAMETERS Parameter Range RST Resolutio n string full valid path filename hde SYSTem FILE SAVE DESCRIPTION Save current settings into a file PARAMETERS Parameter Range RST Resolutio n string full valid path filename hde NOTE 1 The default save path on the embedded PC is under public directory D FTPRoot Spirent VR5 Public the FTProot SYSTem FADMode SYSTem FADMode Chapter Four RPI Command Reference 73 DESCRIPTION Set fading mode of the system PARAMETERS Parameter Range RST Resolut
116. s component This Doppler shift is set according to the following equation Doppler direct component Doppler faded component x cosine LOS arrival angle The K factor setting then controls the relative power of the direct path and the multi path and has a valid range of 30dB faded spectrum will dominate to 30dB LOS signal will dominate An example configuration of Rician fading may have an angle of arrival of the LOS signal path set to be 450 resulting in a Doppler shift that is 0 707 of the maximum Doppler shift of the Rayleigh distributed signal classical Doppler spectrum Furthermore if the signal power of Rician fading is split equally between the LOS and multi paths where the power envelope of the multi paths combine to from a Rayleigh distribution this corresponds to a K factor setting of 0 dB A theoretical power spectral density for this example of Rician fading is shown in Figure 5 9 SIGNAL POWER FREQUENC fo fa A f f Figure 5 9 Theoretical Power Spectral Density for Rician Fading Chapter Five Channel Modeling Reference 149 5 7 3 Fast Fading Power Spectrum Shapes Rayleigh fading and Rician fast fading describe the amplitude distribution of the faded signal However several different frequency domain models can be used to represent the power spectrum shape produced by multi path fading The VR5 allows you to select the shape of the power spectrum produced by multi path fading The four possi
117. s how much additional delay beyond the delay set forthe path each mid path has Num Scatterers This is the number of scatterers per cluster in your environment Presently this number is fixed at 20 This value is read only 20 VR5 HD Spatial Channel Emulator User Manual Delay Value Defines the delay for the path When mid paths are enabled for a path the maximum delay for the path is 1999 8 microseconds Relative Path Loss Defines the relative power of path compared to path 1 XPD Defines the Cross Polarization Discrimination value for the channel Bulk Delay Defines an additional amount of delay to be applied to each path in the model 2 7 2 5 Geometric Channel Model Antenna Settings Access the Geometric Channel Model Antenna settings from the Configure menu The Connection Setup Antenna Settings window displays as shown in Figure 2 14 Connection Setup Antenna Settings Connection Setup Antenna Configuration a N A Side Spacing 962 115305 mm Polarization Il Vertical v Am 20 dB 63dB 65 Z deg Use Antenna Pattern B Side Spacing 1481 576 52 mm Polarization Il Vertical v K J Close d Figure 2 14 Connection Setup Antenna Settings Window In the Connection Setup Antenna Settings window you can set antenna related parameters for the Geometric Channel Models The following parameters are available Base S
118. side the VR5 when you Select a particular Connection Setup You do not need to connect anything manually Chapter Two Operation Reference 11 b The number of VR5 units required c The logical and physical ports used Ensure that you connect to the VR5 on the physical ports indicated to the left and right hand sides of the diagram d Number of supported Channel Models e The colored arrows inside the Fading box denote the various radio links Each set of radio links with the same color shares the same Channel Model The numbers next to them denote the Channel Model used for that set of radio links For more information on Channel Models refer to the Section 2 7 on page 11 f Specifies if the setup is Uni directional or Bi directional 6 After selecting the Connection Setup click the OK button 7 The unit is now configured according to the selected Connection Setup 2 7 Channel Model 2 7 1 Selecting the Fading Mode The VR5 operates in several different Fading Modes The Fading Mode determines the nature of the parameters entered in the Channel Model Classical Channel Models These channel models are suitable for narrowband technologies The input parameters consist of Propagation Conditions and the Correlation Geometric Channel Models These channel models are suitable for wide bandwidth multiple antenna technologies The input parameters consist of the Geometric spatial characteristics of the wireless
119. sliding path e Maximum Delay maximum delay of the sliding path e Rate of Oscillation rate of sliding delay change e Delay Period time of one sliding delay period 5 5 2 Birth Death Time varying Relative Path Delay As an alternative to changing the delay spread of a path by sliding the path along the delay axis some channel models employ Birth Death time varying delay emulation The Birth Death emulation method randomly varies the location of the paths in the Power Delay Profile along the delay spread axis Paths take turns hopping between pre defined delay spread bins An example Birth Death sequence is illustrated in the series of power delay profiles found in Figure 5 5 P P P P P Pi a Figure 5 5 Birth Death Delay Example Birth Death paths have fixed delay value during each defined state but change delay value during a state change Birth Death paths participate in the Birth Death sequence by taking turns changing their location along the delay spread axis During each state only one path changes its temporal delay location This death of the path in its current delay bin and subsequent birth in a new unoccupied bin is performed using a uniform random distribution You define the individual delay bins that make up the distribution set Chapter Five Channel Modeling Reference 145 5 6 Several parameters must be defined for paths participating in the B
120. sted propagation condition Change x Parameter Value Not Allowed when DEE Enabled PDP_LIBRARY_NAME index 1 requested value LTE_ETU70 N wuj Figure 2 45 DEE Error Message 2 The software compiles the DEE File into a machine readable format A Progress window opens displaying the status of the DEE compile as shown in Figure 2 46 If the compile is successful click the Enter DEE button If the compile is unsuccessful review the error messages provided to determine the nature of the error Typically errors are generated when parameters are set to invalid values 50 VR5 HD Spatial Channel Emulator User Manual 8 i 8 E2 100 Complete Closing Compiled File Streams Compile Time 00 00 06 8199806 m vi Figure 2 46 Compile Status Window 2 12 4 2 Playing Running DEE After enabling DEE prior to clicking the Play button the player is stopped at Time 0 of State 1 When you click the Play button the fading engine begins and the DEE engine begins cycling through states specified in the DEE File 2 12 4 3 DEE Status Information You can monitor the progress of the DEE test through the VR5 GUI The following information shown in Figure 2 47 is provided to the VR5 GUI from the DEE engine e Control Status Describes the status of the DEE Engine Enabled or Disabled e State This is the current state of the DEE File the VRS is in e Loop This indicates how many times the states have been loope
121. tation BS Spacing Defines the spacing in wavelengths of the BS antennas Antenna spacing is also displayed in meters This depends on the carrier frequency Chapter Two Operation Reference 21 2 8 Polarization Defines the polarity of the BS antenna as either parallel vertical antennas or cross polarized antenna pairs Use Antenna Pattern Allows antenna pattern parameters to be input for the BS Mobile Station MS Spacing Defines the spacing in wavelengths of the MS antennas Antenna spacing is also displayed in meters this depends on the carrier frequency Polarization Defines the polarity of the MS antenna as either parallel vertical antennas or cross polarized antenna pairs Working with Libraries The Library is a repository of both user created and pre installed standardized configuration files It allows you to view edit and create configuration files There are three sections in the Library 1 Connection Setup 2 Propagation Conditions 3 Correlation applicable only to Classical Channel Models For Propagation Conditions and Correlation you can perform the following actions e Create your own files from scratch and save to the Library under your own folder e Edit standardized files available pre installed on the VR5 and save to the Library under your own folder These files can be loaded for use on the VR5 from the Main View under Configuration To access the Library 1 Inthe VR5 GUI
122. the User Control Ethernet port on the rear panel of VR5 HD Spatial Channel Emulator as shown in Figure 3 1 60 VR5 HD Spatial Channel Emulator User Manual Figure 3 1 VR5 Rear Panel 2 Ensure the unit is running properly Obtain the IP address and Port to establish a Telnet connection to send commands and receive responses a To configure or obtain the IP and Port settings select the RPI Control amp Monitor view shown in Figure 3 2 b The IP address is located on the title bar of the VR5 Touchscreen c The Port setting for the RPI is shown in Figure 3 2 Chapter Three Remote Programming Interface 61 File Configure Execute Help Remote Programming Interface RPI Options E Enable Monitor Messages Enable TCP IP echo Communication localhost CARRIER IN Expected dBm No Frequency MHz Port Figure 3 2 RPI View Port Setting 3 You can now establish a Telnet connect to control the VR5 through SCPI commands For legacy SR5500 users the VR5 differs from the SR5500 in that the VR5 GUI does not have to be running to send RPI commands to the VR5 3 2 1 Enable Monitor Messages Enabling monitor messages enables the display of status information associated with commands received by the RPI 3 2 2 Enable TCP IP Echo When enabled the RPI echoes back all characters sent to it This is useful when you manually connect to the RPI through a TCP
123. the Eb No ratio for the specified query returns the set Eb No ratio in PARAMETERS Parameter Range n real 4 to 58 dB NOT GI oe The actual range will vary system parameters channel The corresponding dB RST Resolutio 26 0 1 based on the state of other SYSTem PORT B INTerferer BITRate SYSTem PORT B INTerferer BITRate DESCRIPTION Set the Interferer Bit Rate of the specified channel PARAMETERS Parameter Range n real 0 1 to 100000 kbps RST Resolutio 9 6 0 001 SYSTem PORT B INTerferer NBWidth SYSTem PORT B INTerferer NBWidth DESCRIPTION Set the Interferer Bandwidth for the specified channel PARAMETERS Chapter Four RPI Command Reference 101 Parameter Range RST Resolutio n real 1 5625 3 125 6 25 12 5 25 50 100 MHz 12 5 SYSTem PORT B INTerferer RBWidth SYSTem PORT B INTerferer RBWidth DESCRIPTION Set the Receiver Bandwidth for the specified channel PARAMETERS Parameter Range RST Resolutio n real 0 1 100 MHz 10 0 001 SYSTem PORT B MEASure CTION DESCRIPTION Query the measured C N ratio in dB for the specified channel PARAMETERS Parameter Range n RST Resolutio SYSTem PORT B MEASure EBNO DESCRIPTION Query the measured Eb No ratio in d
124. ting Propagation Conditions 2 Click the Edit button The Correlation Editorwindow displays as shown in Figure 2 11 le Correlation Editor Properties Number of transmit antennas N 2 Number of receive antennas M 2 NN A Pahi CHARS Clear Path Path Correlation Valid Channel Correlation Valid LLE 1 0000 0 0000 0 0000 0 0000j 0 0000 0 0000 0 0000 0 0000 vale 0 0000 0 0000 1 0000 0 0000 0 0000 0 0000 0 0000 0 0000 aya 0 0000 0 0000 0 0000 0 0000 1 0000 0 0000 0 0000 0 0000 72 0 0000 0 0000 0 0000 0 0000 0 0000 0 0000 1 0000 0 0000 y Save ne 0K cencet Figure 2 11 Correlation Editor Window The Properties section of the editor indicates the number of transmit and receive antennas for the current Connection Setup The Matrix section of the editor allows you to view and edit the correlation matrix You can set a unique correlation matrix for each path of your channel model Select the path to view edit by selecting it from the drop down field Correlation matrices have the property that the lower triangle of the matrix is the complex conjugate of the upper triangle of the matrix It is necessary for you to enter the correlation values for the lower triangle only The upper triangle is automatically populated so that the entries are the complex conjugate of the corresponding entries on the lower triangle
125. ver Chapter Five Channel Modeling Reference 141 VA This phenomenon where multiple copies of the transmitted signal are received staggered in time and with different average power levels is called multipath In the limit case with infinite bandwidth every copy of the signal or path component no matter how insignificant is resolvable producing thousands of paths However actual bandwidths filter our ability to resolve different paths and lead to lower and more practical numbers of paths we use in today s channel models Fast and slow fading describe the time variation of the received signal level around an average power level Fast fading describes the signal variations of a path that take place over the course of several milliseconds As we discussed each path is the result of the vectorial addition of multiple copies of the signal each having a different phase This results in constructive and destructive addition of the different copies leading to the phenomenon of fast fading These multiple received transmissions are generated by scattering caused by the small objects in the environment within a few hundred wavelengths of the receiver While fast fading effects are attributed to local scattering of the transmitted signal large scatterers in the environment introduce slow fading effects that vary over tens 10s or hundreds 100s of milliseconds These signal variations are caused by aspects of the environment su

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