GPS Receivers A2100-A/B
Contents
1. maestro N GPS receiver GPS Receivers A2100 A B A Description of Maestro s GPS Receiver Module A2100 A B User s Manual Version 0 8 PRELIMINARY PRELIMINARY maest ro GPS receiver Jg Revision History Rev Date Description Description S o 08 24 09 First draft based on A1084 V1 1 01 25 10 RoHS pin out clean up WW 01 29 10 nWAKEUP correction new pictures ON OFF correction BOOTSEL correction 0 3 0 4 02 11 10 Minimum configuration updated ON OFF voltage in 6 3 DC characteristics corrected 03 09 10 Included A2100 B additional Minimum configuration for active antenna Emp lisse that VANT is an input 02 09 11 1 Shutdown sequence introduced more figures defined smaller corrections 2 New style moved to Maestro V0 8 Feb 11 User s Manual Page 2 of 36 N PRELIMINARY maest ro GPS receiver Disclaimer THIS DOCUMENT CONTAINS PROPRIETARY INFORMATION OF MAESTRO WIRELESS SOLUTIONS LIMITED IT MAY NOT BE COPIED OR TRANSMITTED BY ANY MEANS PASSED TO OTHERS OR STORED IN ANY RETRIEVAL SYSTEM OR MEDIA WITHOUT PRIOR CONSENT OF MAESTRO OR ITS AUTHORIZED AGENTS THE INFORMATION IN THIS DOCUMENT IS TO THE BEST OF OUR KNOWLEDGE ENTIRELY CORRECT HOWEVER MAESTRO CAN NEITHER ACCEPT LIABILITY FOR ANY INACCURACIES OR THE CONSEQUENCES THEREOF NOR FOR ANY LIABILITY ARISING FROM THE USE OR APPLICATION OF ANY CIRCUIT PRODUCT OR EXAMPLE SHOWN IN THE2. DOCUMENT THE PRODUCT HARD AND SOFTWARE DESCRIBED IN THIS DOCUMENTATION IS NOT AUTHORIZED FOR USE IN LIFE SUPPORT DEVICES OR SYSTEMS WITHOUT THE EXPRESS WRITTEN APPROVAL OF MAESTRO THIS DOCUMENT MAY PROVIDE LINKS TO OTHER WORLD WIDE WEB SITES OR RESOURCES BECAUSE MAESTRO HAS NO CONTROL OVER SUCH SITES AND RESOURCES MAESTRO SHALL NOT BE RESPONSIBLE FOR THE AVAILABILITY OF SUCH EXTERNAL SITES OR RESOURCES AND DOES NOT ENDORSE AND IS NOT RESPONSIBLE OR LIABLE FOR ANY CONTENT ADVERTISING PRODUCTS OR OTHER MATERIALS ON OR AVAILABLE FROM SUCH SITES OR RESOURCES MAESTRO SHALL NOT BE RESPONSIBLE OR LIABLE DIRECTLY OR INDIRECTLY FOR ANY DAMAGE OR LOSS CAUSED OR ALLEGED TO BE CAUSED BY OR IN CONNECTION WITH USE OF OR RELIANCE ON ANY SUCH CONTENT GOODS OR SERVICES AVAILABLE ON OR THROUGH ANY SUCH SITE OR RESOURCE MAESTRO RESERVES THE RIGHT TO CHANGE MODIFY OR IMPROVE THIS DOCUMENT OR THE PRODUCT DESCRIBED HEREIN AS SEEN FIT BY MAESTRO WITHOUT FURTHER NOTICE V0 8 Feb 11 User s Manual Page 3 of 36 PRELIMINARY maestr Ot GPS receiver Table of Contents i TCP OCU CONN TTE 6 Teg SAS OMAN ecto oasis scenic etcetera poses Mee eee stood netomat 6 1 2 Characteristics Overview cccccecececeececececeeeenececeeeeeeeaeneseceeeseeaeaeneeeeeeenennenenes T 1 3 RoHS and Lead Free Information eeeececeeeeeeeenececeeeseeeeeeneseeeeeeeenenenes T ALDE TEE 8 TT e e 9 1 5 1 GPS NENNE 9 1 5 2 Mechanical Charactertstce em mI eme
3. 60 150 seconds Time within 5 C of actual peak temperature 30 seconds Ramp down rate 6 C second max Time 25 C to peak temperature 8 minutes max Table 11 Reflow soldering profile A2100 A B The solder pads hold solder of a thickness of about 150 um for improved solder process results As results of soldering may vary among different soldering systems and types of solder and depend on additional factors like density and types of components on board the values above should be considered as a starting point for further optimization V0 8 Feb 1 1 User s Manual Page 24 of 36 PRELIMINARY maestro GPS receiver 8 Use of GPS Antennas 8 1 Connecting a GPS antenna to the GPS receiver The ANT pin is used to connect a GPS antenna to the receiver The design of the antenna connection has to be done strictly according to RF design rules A 50 PCB strip line is required The following drawings shall explain the guidelines A major rule is to keep the strip line as short as possible Additionally antenna ground ANT GND should be routed to the ground plane of the PCB the ground plane is on a lower PCB layer by vias as demonstrated in the drawing Top view Motherboard Bottom Layer ANT GND ANT INT ANT GND ANT INT Viasto Top Layer use to GND Layer GPS receiver solder pads Figure 11 Antenna connector strip line A2100 A B In order to achieve the impedance of 50 O the width of the strip line
4. and accuracy V0 8 Feb 11 User s Manual Page 28 of 36 PRELIMINARY maest ro A GPS receiver 10 Applications and Hints 10 1 Initial Module Start After initially applying power to the module it is necessary to start the internal firmware by toggling the ON OFF pin Toggling is done by pulling the signal to HIGH for about 100ms This first toggling can be done after a LOW HIGH transmission was detected at the WAKEUP pin or by simply waiting for 1s after power up In case of configuration for UART mode messages should be transmitted afterwards If no messages should appear a new toggling should be applied 10 2 Proper Shutdown The A2100 A B modules require an orderly shutdown process to properly stop internal operation and complete any writes of critical data to BBRAM or Flash memory data area Abrupt removal or droop of main power while the system is running has risks ranging from minor impact on TTFF to fatal permanent corruption of flash memory code area on the module A controlled and orderly shutdown while the A2100 A B is running in full power mode can be initiated by e A 100ms pulse on the ON OFF pin or e According messages either in NMEA or OSP mode The shutdown is completed after maximum 1s Therefore the module should be supplied with voltage for that time after the shutdown sequence was initiated 10 3 SiRFaware Support SiRFaware is a low power operating mode that seeks to maintain low uncertain
5. antenna long cables or tracks or a bad antenna position can t be compensated afterwards 3 2 1 Passive Antennas The A2100 A supports passive antennas via an integrated LNA directly 3 2 2 Active Antennas The A2100 A also supports active antennas directly i e by offering an antenna voltage feed pin VANT pin 15 It is recommended to use an active antenna with a supply voltage of 3 to 5 VDC and a maximum current draw of 50 mA The antenna should have a gain 2 15dB but the total gain antenna gain minus cable loss at the V0 8 Feb 11 User s Manual Page 14 of 36 PRELIMINARY maest ro A GPS receiver antenna input of the module should not exceed 30 dB The noise figure should be lt 1 5dB 3 3 Serial Port Settings In UART operation defined by the external pull up resistor as outlined in Minimum Configuration the default settings are e NMEA 4800 baud 8 data bits no parity 1 stop bit no flow control 3 4 Improved TTFF In order to improve the TTFF Time To First Fix it is recommended to keep Vcc supplied at all times This will allow taking advantage of sophisticated low power mode features of the SiRFstarlV chip set More details can be found in chapter Application Notes 3 5 Firmware Updates If later firmware changes are considered in a design it is necessary to connect the BOOTSEL pin of the A2100 A B As long as this pin is open or pulled to GND the module will enter normal operation When this pin
6. cece eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeneees 25 EE EH 27 8 2 1 ars SEG EEE EE EE 27 V0 8 Feb 11 User s Manual Page 4 of 36 PRELIMINARY maest ro A GPS receiver 92 2 NENNE 27 9 Quality and Beliabilily 0 28 9 1 Environmental Conditions 28 9 2 Product Qualification ou tet vuss lunH vues tes utbs ese a MR EE UP LEE I E ERR EE 28 9 3 Production Test 28 10 Applications and Hints essere eee eee 29 10 1 Initial Module Giant 29 TOP OP SNL 29 10 3 SiRFaware oupport rot rrn erre ror nernnerneernnesnenne 29 10 4 bHusb io FEtxMogde HI HI HI m IRR Remeras 29 10 5 Hibernate Mode 30 10 6 Extended Geen VEER 30 10 Antenna SAWS iere ol a ae en 31 10 7 1 Antenna Sensor iii iii II me emen mem eene heme semet se pese eese eterne 31 10 7 2 Antenna Sensor with Current Limter He 32 10 8 VANT Pin POP 33 11 Evaluation Kit EVA2100 A asavavaunavnvnnnnvnununnnnununnvnununnnnununnnnununnnnununnvnununnvnunue 34 12 Related Information avaunnvnunnnnuvnununnunnnnunnnnunnununnununnununnunnnnunnnnunnununnununnunuenunuenn 35 PG Sa e EEE EEE EEE 35 12 2 Related Reie n En NT TM 35 12 3 Related Rf ee CR rner erras 35 19 CIS TOT POT 36 DIA LISEOT TNS EEN 36 V0 8 Feb 11 User s Manual Page 5 of 36 PRELIMINARY maest ro A GPS receiver 1 Introduction The GPS modules A2100 A and A2100 B are Maestro s first implementation of CSR s SiRFstarlV chip on GPS modules Both are highly
7. needs to be calculated It depends on the thickness or height of the PCB layer both parameters are shown in following drawing For the calculation it is assumed that the PCB material is FRA GPS Module Motherboard AntGND Figure 12 Strip line parameters A2100 A B V0 8 Feb 11 User s Manual Page 25 of 36 PRELIMINARY mae str GPS receiver In this case the width should be about 1 8 times the height of the PCB W 1 8 x H In the example one would get a width of W 1 8 x 0 8 mm 1 44 mm V0 8 Feb 11 User s Manual Page 26 of 36 PRELIMINARY maest ro A GPS receiver 8 2 Antenna Connections 8 2 1 Passive Antennas A passive antenna connected to ANT input pin 12 should be placed as close as possible to the GPS receiver The signal power lost by the antenna cable or lost by the strip line on the PCB can not be recovered by the LNA Low Noise Amplifier integrated in the GPS receiver A suitable Ground Plane design should be considered depending on the antenna type connected to ANT input pin 12 8 2 2 Active Antennas General GPS active antenna specification Limitations e Supply voltage voltage fed into VANT pin 5V max e Supply current 50mA max Recommendations e Gain gt 15dB should not exceed 20 dB including cable loss e Noise figure lt 1 5dB The recommendations apply to the majority of active antennas that can be found in the market Anyhow the quality of the GPS anten
8. 0 B o Operable at 1 8V 30mA typ 1 fix per second o UART interface at 1 8V CMOS level o Prepared for SPI Slave support at 1 8V CMOS o Prepared for I2C Master support at 1 8V CMOS Direct passive antenna support owitched antenna voltage for active antenna support Small form factor of 15 24 mm x 15 24 mm 0 6 x 0 6 Supported temperature range 40 C to 85 C Single sided SMT component for reflow soldering Tape amp reel packaging The A2100 A and A2100 B receiver modules are available as off the shelf components 100 tested and shipped in standard tape and reel package 1 3 RoHS and Lead Free Information Maestro s products marked with the lead free symbol either on the module or the packaging comply with the Directive 2002 95 EC of the European Parliament and the Council on the Restriction of Use of certain Hazardous Substances in Electrical and Electronic Equipment RoHS All Maestro GPS receiver modules smart GPS antenna modules and telematics units are ROHS compliant V0 8 Feb 11 User s Manual Page 7 of 36 1 4 Label PRELIMINARY The A2100 A labels hold the following information Maestro l L A2100 Asss tt rr Vy WW XXXXXX GS yyww General description Hardware rr hardware revision Software sss software version tt software release Location and date code GS Factory code yy production year ww production week Xxxxxx serial number Pin 1 mark Figure 1 A2100 A label maest
9. 36 PRELIMINARY maest ro A GPS receiver 13 List of Figures Eee SE E 8 Figure 2 A2100 A B tape specifications 1 10 Figure 3 A2100 A B tape specifications CG 11 Figure 4 A2100 A B tape specifications 3 11 Figure 5 Minimum configuration A2100 A nnne 13 Figure ME E 14 Figure 7 Mechanical outline component side AZTOU AIR sess 16 Figure 8 Mechanical outline solder side AZ1O0 AIR esee 17 Figure 9 Pin out information bottom view A Z7100 A 18 Figure 10 Pin out information bottom view AZ7OUP esses 20 Figure 11 Antenna connector strip line A2100 A B noannannnnnnnnnnnnnnnnennnnnnnnnnnnnnn 25 Figure 12 Strip line parameters AZ71O00D AR 25 Figure 13 Application note Antenna sensor adaptaton 31 Figure 14 Application note Antenna sensor adaptation with current limiter 32 Figure 15 Evaluation kit EVA2100 A 0 cecc cece eeeceeece cess eeseeeeeeseeeseeeseeeseeeaees 34 14 List of Tables Table 1 A2100 A B GPS characteristics rrrorrrarrnrrnrrranernnrrannnnrnnerrnnernnnnannnannnennnn 9 Table 2 A2100 A B dimensions and weight annannnnnennennnnnnnnnnnnrnnrnrnnrrnrrnrnnrnnnne 9 Table 3 Additional eoutpment nnne nennen 12 PET PS NNN 19 146165 PN A6STPIONAZI00 Baur eee 21 Table 6 A2100 A electrical characteristics rrrrrrnrrrnrrarrrrranrnrrrarrnnrnarnnnnnernannnne 22 Table 7 A2100 B electrical characteristics eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeesee 22 Tab
10. 8V 18 5 5 Vcc 1 8V PWRIN I2C CLK OUT 1 8V 17 Tel 6 GND TM GPIO5 OUT 1 8V 16 7 GND VANT IN 3 3 to SVDC 15 5 8 GPIO6 SPI CLK IN 1 8V N C 14 9 9 GPIO7 SPI CS IN 1 8V ANT GND 13 al 10 N C ANT IN RF 12 12 11 11N C Pin 1 marker Figure 10 Pin out information bottom view A2100 B Green Description Host interface pins Red Description Future MEMS interface pins Blue Description Other Center Ground pins are for shock vibration resistance purpose V0 8 Feb 11 User s Manual Page 20 of 36 PRELIMINARY maestro GPS receiver Jg 5 4 Description A2100 B Signals Pin Symbol Function Description O Z 1 10 1 pre ime s Reset input open HIGH no reset LOW reset Connect to open collector open drain output a iei Special boot mode leave open for normal operation HIGH boot loader active HIGH level 1 8V ES WAKEUP Output Status of digital section Push Pull output Low OFF KA Keep Alive only Hibernate or Standby mode High ON operational mode Identical logic to RFPWUP of A1084 on same pin oe voe Power Supply 1 7 1 9 VDC power supply DER Power Supply Ground power supply Power Supply Ground power supply ENS Input Configuration pin to run in UART mode 10k pull up to 1 8V e g to Vcc pin 5 SPI CLK SPI clock pin when module works in SPI mode GPIO7 Input Configuration pin to run in I2C mode 10k pull up to 1 8V e
11. IN 3 3V ANT GND 13 13 10 N C ANT IN RF 12 12 1 11N C C Pin 1 marker Figure 9 Pin out information bottom view A2100 A Green Description Host interface pins Red Description Future MEMS interface pins Blue Description Other Center Ground pins are for shock vibration resistance purpose V0 8 Feb 11 User s Manual Page 18 of 36 PRELIMINARY maestro GPS receiver Jg 5 2 Description A2100 A Signals Pin Symbol Description m pre ime s Function Dese input open HIGH no reset LOW reset Connect to open collector open drain output e oe Special boot mode leave open for normal operation 30 36 VDC power supp SSS boot eem active E level 1 8V EN WAKEUP Output Ce a of Se section Push Pull output Low OFF KA Keep Alive only Hibernate or Standby mode High ON operational mode Identical logic to RFPWUP of A1084 on same pin 5 Vot Voltage output Permanent 1 8V voltage output for up to 20mA current max ee Power Supply Ground power supply Power Supply Ground power supply ENS Input Configuration pin to run in UART mode 10k pull up to 1 8V e g to Vout pin 5 SPI CLK SPI clock pin when module works in SPI mode GPIO7 Input Unused configuration pin reserved for future use leave open SPI CS SPI chip select pin when module works in SPI mode 10 N INC 0 None Leaveopen 200 200 Leaveopen 200 200 E EN ANT Antenna Input A
12. al Max 3 IV Peak Acquisition Current TI tbd Average Acquisition Current 1 td Tracking Current 19mA Table 6 A2100 A electrical characteristics Pin Description Min J Typical Max 5 Peak Acquisition Current thd Average Acquisition Current TI md Tracking Current 30m Table 7 A2100 B electrical characteristics 1 Peak acquisition current is characterized by millisecond bursts above average acquisition current 2 Average current is typically only the first two seconds of TTFF 3 Tracking current typically includes tracking and the post acquisition portion of TTFF 6 2 Absolute Maximum Ratings Symbol Parameter Min Max Unit Itdv Absolute sum of all input currents during overload condition 200 mA Vant Antenna supply voltage LH 55 V lant jAntemasuppycuret 050 mA Table 8 Absolute maximum ratings Stresses beyond those listed under Absolute Maximum Ratings may cause permanent damage to the device This is a stress rating only Functional operation of the device at these or any other conditions beyond those indicated in the operational sections of this specification is not implied Exposure to absolute maximum rating conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability V0 8 Feb 11 User s Manual Page 22 of 36 PRELIMINARY maestr Ot GPS receiver Jg 6 3 DC Electrical Characteristics Symbol Parame
13. ation for NMEA or binary outputs received and commands sent via an RS232 interface based on the GPS module A2100 A using a passive antenna Shown from top without lid pads shown for better understanding a ANT_EXT d ANT GND A2100 A GSD4e i C C C C C E C EI Q Pin 1 marker Figure 5 Minimum configuration A2100 A NOTE It is recommended to supply Vcc continuously Use SiRFaware or other low power modes to reduce power consumption of the module while no position information is required V0 8 Feb 11 User s Manual Page 13 of 36 PRELIMINARY maest ro GPS receiver NOTE Care must be taken to implement an orderly shut down sequence along with supplying power for a certain period of time after initiating the shut down sequence Abrupt removal or droop of power while the module is running has risks ranging from minor impact on TTFF to fatal corruption of flash memory code area 3 3V lt gt RS232 Out 2 DE D EE S y GND gt Figure 6 RS232 level shifter Remarks e Place C1 to C5 here 0 1uF close to MAX3232 For capacity values see datasheet of actual component used e Use 3 3V level shifter MAX3232 or equivalent e External antenna input impedance is 50 Q Match as close as possible 3 2 Antennas Generally the quality of the GPS antenna chosen passive or active is of paramount importance for the overall sensitivity of the GPS system Losses through a bad
14. e After a short delay the module will switch into hibernate mode The RTC will keep on running and SRAM is backed with the typical current of 20 uA drawn from Vcc To wake the module up again toggling the ON OFF pin is necessary 100ms pulse width 10 6 Extended Ephemeris The receiver is capable of supporting two versions of using Extended Ephemeris EE data The first one is the version where the EE data are calculated on a server are transmitted to device incorporating the receiver and are then loaded into the receiver These data can be valid for up to seven days The second version is the internal extrapolation of available natural Ephemeris data This is done automatically and no external support is required The internally calculated EE data are valid for up to 3 days The receiver firmware will define which set of EE data to use or will neglect those in case natural data are available Both versions of EE data will help to further lower power consumption in SiRFaware mode V0 8 Feb 11 User s Manual Page 30 of 36 PRELIMINARY maest ro GPS receiver 10 7 Antenna Status Adaptation This chapter shall give assistance in designing a circuit for detecting if an active antenna is connected to the module The information about the antenna status can be derived from the ANTSTAT signal generated by this circuit The examples use values for components that roughly result in the following ANTSTAT output e logic low when
15. ementation Current Limiter U1 U2 rail to rail single supply comperator with open drain output Common node on PCB Output open drain with pullup R2 High for 9mA lant 18mA Low for lant 9mA or lant gt 18mA Figure 14 Application note Antenna sensor adaptation with current limiter V0 8 Feb 11 User s Manual Page 32 of 36 PRELIMINARY maest ro GPS receiver 10 8 VANT Pin The VANT pin is an input pin The supply voltage for an active GPS antenna on the ANT input has to be fed into the Vant pin The easiest way to do that is to connect Vcc to VANT The maximum current is 50 mA Note Shortcut between ANT and GND may damage the A2100 A GPS receiver module This should be avoided by using an antenna current limiter The circuit chapter 10 7 2 Antenna Sensor with Current Limiter works for Vcc from 3V to 5V The antenna current will be limited to 50 mA approximately If other transistors are used other resistor values may be necessary as well We strongly recommend simulating and testing your realized version before using it V0 8 Feb 11 User s Manual Page 33 of 36 PRELIMINARY mae stro GPS receiver 11 Evaluation Kit EVA2100 A For demonstration and easy evaluation of GPS performance Maestro offers an evaluation kit including one GPS A2100 A module It contains a USB interface with according drivers to connect easily to a PC The USB interface is an extension of the serial port 0
16. g to Vce pin 5 HINC CS SPI chip select pin when module works in SPI mode E eme open 000000 EN ANT Antenna Input Antenna signal Z 50 Ohm antenna input must not exceed 30dB gain including cable loss ANT GND RF GND Antenna Ground 0000000 E E VANT Antenna Supply Power supply input for external active antenna provide Voltage Input according voltage up to 5 0 VDC switched internally TM _GPIO5 Output Output Time Mark Time Mark 1PPS signal 0 Time Mark 1PPS signal 0 I2C CLK Prepared for I2C clock input for MEMS interface Leave open 18 I2C DIO Input Output Prepared for I2C I O for MEMS interface Leave open ON OFF Input Connect to push pull output This is mandatory Set to LOW by default Toggle to HIGH and back to LOW for first start up after power on to request a fix in SiRFaware or PTF mode to go into or to wake up out of hibernate mode E Extint Prepared for interrupt input for MEMS interface Leave open EN Output Serial output 0 NMEA out if configured for UART SPI DO SPI data out pin when module works in SPI mode 22 RXO Input Serial input 0 NMEA in if configured for UART SPI DI SPI data in pin when module works in SPI mode Table 5 Pin description A2100 B V0 8 Feb 11 User s Manual Page 21 of 36 PRELIMINARY maest ro A GPS receiver 6 Electrical Characteristics 6 1 Operating Conditions Pin Description M in Typic
17. integrated GPS receivers that can be used as SMT components A very easy implementation power serial ON OFF and antenna allows receiving position velocity and time information NOTE Care must be taken to implement an orderly shut down sequence along with supplying power for a certain period of time after initiating the shut down sequence Abrupt removal or droop of power while the module is running has risks ranging from minor impact on TTFF to fatal permanent corruption of flash memory code area While the A2100 A is a module designed for a 3 3V environment the A2100 B works with 1 8V Vcc and 1 8V I Os 1 1 Feature Overview The A2100 A and A2100 B are based on the well established A1084 outline and offer new outstanding features e Fast responsive location experience o High sensitive navigation engine with tracking down to 163dBm o 48 track verification channels o SBAS WAAS EGNOS MSAS GAGAN e Breakthrough micro power technology o Requires only 50 500pA to maintain hot start capability e Active jammer remover o Removes in band jammers up to 80dB Hz o Tracks up to eight CW continuous wave jammers V0 8 Feb 11 User s Manual Page 6 of 36 PRELIMINARY maest ro YI GPS receiver 1 2 Characteristics Overview The module s most important characteristics are e A2100 A o Operable at 3 3V 19mA typ 1 fix per second o UART interface at 3 3V CMOS level o Prepared for SPI Slave support at 3 3V CMOS e A210
18. is pulled HIGH to a 1 8V level the module will enter boot mode A transparent connection to the tool SiRFflash then allows firmware updates V0 8 Feb 11 User s Manual Page 15 of 36 PRELIMINARY maestro 4 GPS receiver 4 Mechanical Outline 4 1 Details Component Side A2100 A B 15 24 0 6 15 24 0 6 All dimensions in mm inch Figure 7 Mechanical outline component side A2100 A B V0 8 Feb 11 User s Manual Page 16 of 36 PRELIMINARY maest ro A GPS receiver 4 2 Details Solder Side A2100 A B lt 15 24 1 0x0 8 13 716 1 5x 1 5 E E u Soo 12 7 15 24 T IU UU UU 1 62 gt solder pad size outer pads 1 0 x 0 8 Solder pad size inner pads 1 5 x 1 5 All dimensions in mm Figure 8 Mechanical outline solder side A2100 A B V0 8 Feb 11 User s Manual Page 17 of 36 PRELIMINARY maestro GPS receiver 5 Pin out Information 5 1 Layout A2100 A RXO SPI DI IN 3 3V 22 22 1 1 nRST IN 3 3V TXO SPI DO OUT 3 3V 21 2 2 2 BOOTSEL IN 1 8V Extint IN 1 8V 20 3 3 Vec3 3V PWRIN ON OFF IN 3 3V 19 4 4WAKEUP OUT 3 3V GC DIO I O 1 8V 18 5 5 Vout OUT 1 8V DC CLK OUT 1 8V 17 s 6 GND TM GPIO5 OUT 1 8V 16 7 GND VANT IN 3 3 to SVDC 15 55 8 GPIO6 SPI CLK IN 3 3V N C 14 29 9 GPIO7 SPI CS
19. lant 9mA e Logic high when 9mA gt lant lt 16mA e logic low when lant gt 16mA 10 7 1 Antenna Sensor The following circuit is a proposal on how you can feed an antenna with 3 3V and provide an output for the ANTSTAT pin The value of the components may need an adaptation in the final application For example the input current of the chosen comparator goes into that equation The thresholds defined in this circuit are quite close to the ones described above Their value is determined by resistors R4 R5 and R3 We strongly recommend simulating and testing the GPS receiver integrated in your product design before implementing the finalized product in the appropriate market application U1 U2 rail to rail single supply Common node on PCB comperator with open drain output open drain with pullup R2 High for 8m lt lant lt 18mA Low for lant 9mA or lant gt 18mA Figure 13 Application note Antenna sensor adaptation V0 8 Feb 11 User s Manual Page 31 of 36 PRELIMINARY mae str GPS receiver 10 7 2 Antenna Sensor with Current Limiter This proposal is similar to the first one but includes a current limiter Comments and notes as above apply We strongly recommend simulating and testing the GPS receiver integrated in your product design before implementing the finalized product in the appropriate market application In any case it is the responsibility of the designer to test and verify the impl
20. le 8 Absolute maximum ratings nenne 22 Table 9 PRELIMINRAY DC electrical characteristic A2100 A 23 Table 10 PRELIMINRAY DC electrical characteristic A2100 B 23 Table 11 Reflow soldering profile A2100 A B 24 V0 8 Feb 11 User s Manual Page 36 of 36 Mouser Electronics Authorized Distributor Click to View Pricing Inventory Delivery amp Lifecycle Information Maestro Wireless A2100 B
21. na chosen is of paramount importance for the overall sensitivity of the GPS system The system design needs to reflect the supply voltage of the antenna If the supply voltage is equal to Vcc Vcc can be connected to VANT If the antenna requires a different supply voltage the antenna bias can be provided through the VANT pin VANT is switched by the module so current is only drawn when required V0 8 Feb 11 User s Manual Page 27 of 36 PRELIMINARY maest ro A GPS receiver 9 Quality and Reliability 9 1 Environmental Conditions Operating temperature 40 85 C Operating humidity Max 85 r H non condensing at 85 C MSL JEDEC Moisture Sensitivity Level 6 months in original package Table 6 Environmental conditions 9 2 Product Qualification Prior to product qualification the GPS receiver is preconditioned according to EIA JEDEC standard JESD22 A113 B Level 3 Basic qualification tests MSL Classification according to J STD 020C MSL3 245 C MSL Rework Compatibility according to J STD 020C Temperature Cycling 40 C 85 C Temperature Humidity Bias 70 C 85 RH Low High Temperature Operating 40 C 85 C High Temperature Operating Life 85 C Vibration Variable Frequency Mechanical Shock Please contact Maestro for detailed information 9 3 Production Test Each module is electrically tested prior to packing and shipping to ensure state of the art GPS receiver performance
22. ntenna signal Z 50 Ohm antenna input must not exceed 30dB gain including cable Ge ANT GND RF GND Antenna Ground KE Ki VANT Antenna Supply Power supply input for external active antenna provide Voltage Input according voltage up to 5 0 VDC switched internally TM GPIO5 Output Output Time Mark Time Mark 1PPS signal Time Mark 1PPS signal I2C CLK Prepared for I2C clock input for MEMS interface Leave open K I2C DIO Input Output Prepared for I2C I O for MEMS interface Leave open ON OFF Input Connect to push pull output This is mandatory Set to LOW by default Toggle to HIGH and back to LOW for first start up after power on to request a fix in SiRFaware or PTF mode to go into or wake up out of hibernate mode 20 Extint Prepared for interrupt input for MEMS interface Leave open EX Output Serial output 0 NMEA out if configured for UART SPI DO SPI data out pin when module works in SPI mode 22 RXO Input Serial input 0 NMEA in if configured for UART SPI DI SPI data in pin when module works in SPI mode Table 4 Pin description A2100 A V0 8 Feb 11 User s Manual Page 19 of 36 PRELIMINARY Y aestro GPS receiver 5 3 Layout A2100 B RXO SPI DI I2C DIO 1 8V 22 22 1 1 nRST IN 1 8V TXO SPI DO I2C CLK 1 8V 21 Val 2 2 BOOTSEL IN 1 8V Extint IN 1 8V 20 3 3N C ON OFF IN 1 8V 19 4 4 WAKEUP OUT 1 8V I2C DIO IN OUT 1
23. r has no estimate of time date position and no recent almanac Note Performance sensitivity and TTFF might slightly decrease below 30 C 1 5 2 Mechanical Characteristics A2100 A B Mechanical Length 15 24 mm 0 6 dimensions Width 15 24 mm 0 6 Height 2 4 mm 0 095 A2100 A B Weight 1 2g 004202 Table 2 A2100 A B dimensions and weight 1 6 Handling Precautions The GPS receiver module A2100 A B is sensitive to electrostatic discharge ESD Please handle with appropriate care V0 8 Feb 11 User s Manual Page 9 of 36 PRELIMINARY mae str GPS receiver 2 Ordering Information 2 1 GPS Receivers A2100 A B The order number is built as follows e A2100A xxx e A2100B xxx A2100A for the A2100 A module and A2100B for the A2100 B module The xxx refers to the current firmware version on the module If no firmware version is referenced in an order the latest version will be provided 2 2 Packing of the A2100 A B The A2100 A B GPS modules come in a tape and reel package suitable for pick and place machines A F z CH LC a Co u 4 j La Ca Bal LO je i u c i LN m Figure 2 A2100 A B tape specifications 1 V0 8 Feb 11 User s Manual Page 10 of 36 PRELIMINARY mae str GPS receiver Figure 4 A2100 A B tape specifications 3 One complete reel holds 900 A2100 A B modules One box holds three reels so a total of 2 700 A2100 A B mod
24. re mere nere 9 1 6 Handling Precautions E T ee oo DO 9 2 Ordering Information nec 10 2 1 GPS Receivers AZ1O0 AIR mI Immer etre reis 10 2 2 PACKING OF EN EE dubtEEEL EUH TUR PEL EAEE 10 2 530701 Al eC UNDINIG DIE aa a ee 12 3 Quick EIN 13 MT Ne 13 32 AS E e EEE E E EAN E ei 14 3 2 1 Passive NNN 14 3 2 2 Active Antennas IR mememhememehnmemeti senses e rese e eres etre rese eren 14 33 Seral PO SENGS en 15 MTOA TF EE 15 2 9 gen VI Beie 15 4 Mechanical Outline annunnunnnnnnnnnnunnunnunnnnunnunnunnunnnnunnunnunnnnnnnunnunnunnnnunnunnunnnnuvnuenen 16 4 1 Details Component Side A2100 A BL 16 4 2 Details Solder GideAZ7100 AIR IRR 17 5 Pin out Information axaunavauaunannununnnnununnnnununnnnununnnnununnnnununnunununnunununnunununnununnen 18 TANN 18 32 DES NINA SN Ne 19 33 Layout AIO gt EEE 20 9o DeSSSHDHIOHJA 2 10035 NR ee E dept darem ed 21 6 Electrical Characteristics 551 56 doc noce con mage pente noce age does ge sacre tes todos 22 6 1 Operating Conditions iii 22 6 2 Absolute Maximum tu e EE 22 6 3 DC Electrical CHaracterislieS sese suni vr YE nd ru eer ev crade secs sense 23 ra left ue mem 24 7 1 Proposed Footprint for Soldering c cece eecceeceeeeeeceeeeeeseeteeeeeeteeeeeeeeeteeeaeees 24 7 2 Recommended Profile for Reflow Soldering sseeseessse 24 8 Use of GPS Antennas useceeo cen cox Eo eege Eege eEe geed REDE ORE 25 8 1 Connecting a GPS antenna to the GPS receiver cece
25. ro GPS receiver Maestro dn S A2100 A360 01 01 1052 000005 35 1052 Example The label is placed on the shield of the module The data matrix code holds the product type software version software release hardware release factory location year amp week of assembly and a 6 digit serial number The A2100 B s labels show a B instead of the A e g A2100 B401 01 01 NOTE Hardware revision rr of the series product starts with 01 A hardware revision above 50 shows the module was produced before the product was fully qualified Engineering Samples V0 8 Feb 11 User s Manual Page 8 of 36 PRELIMINARY nm aestro GPS receiver e DE g 1 5 Characteristics The modules are characterized by the following parameters 1 5 1 GPS Characteristics Channels 48 parallel tracking Correlatos 1 400 000 ZA Frequency LT 5 1 575 MHz Tracking Sensitivity J 1 168d8m gt Time To First Fix TTFF 0 1 s theoretical minimum values values in real world may differ Table 1 A2100 A B GPS characteristics 1 Typical with good antenna see also paragraph 3 2 Antennas 2 The calibrated clock of the receiver has not stopped thus it knows precise time to the us level 3 The receiver has estimates of time date position and valid almanac and ephemeris data 4 The receiver has estimates of time date position and recent almanac 5 The receive
26. ter Min Max Unit JVoQg4dmA j045 V o IMP O8 V V nRST lforsafereset 102 ON OFF JN 14351 Vec V BEER 35 2 Table 9 PRELIMINRAY DC electrical characteristic A2100 A Symbol Parameter Min Mex Unit IVABIAMA j 04 V RX0 1 Vec V elt 02 V nRST l forsafereset ON OFF IV 1 35 Vec V EEE EN V 22 V Table 10 PRELIMINRAY DC electrical characteristic A2100 B V0 8 Feb 11 User s Manual Page 23 of 36 DE PRELIMINARY maest ro 7 GPS receiver 7 Mounting This chapter describes the suggested mounting process for the A2100 A receiver modules In a RoHS compliant product with a RoHS compliant process it is recommended to use chemical tin as the counter part to the module s pins This will guarantee highest resistance against shocks 7 1 Proposed Footprint for Soldering Following soldering footprint parameters are recommended Copper and solder paste footprint are identical Pad shape size inner pads 1 5 mm x 1 5 mm Pad shape size outer pads 1 0 mm x 0 8 mm Stencil thickness of 120 150 um 7 2 Recommended Profile for Reflow Soldering Typical values for reflow soldering of the module in convection or IR convection ovens are as follows according to IPC JEDEC J STD 020D Value 245 C 3 C second max min 150 C max 200 C Ramp up time from min to max preheat temperature 60 120 seconds Temperature maintained above 217 C
27. therefore sending NMEA sentences or binary information and accepting commands At the same time it provides power to the module Accompanied by both an active and passive antenna it offers a ready to go set For the development of new software and applications the Evaluation Kit also provides NMEA and binary messages on CMOS level via a terminal plug Figure 15 Evaluation kit EVA2100 A Note Only the EVA2100 A is available there is no specific EVA2100 B For further information please contact Maestro V0 8 Feb 11 User s Manual Page 34 of 36 PRELIMINARY maest ro A GPS receiver 12 Related Information 12 1 Contact This manual was created with due diligence We hope that it will be helpful to the user to get the most out of the GPS module Inputs regarding errors or mistaken verbalizations and comments or proposals to Maestro Hongkong for further improvements are highly appreciated Maestro Wireless Solutions Limited Add Unit 3603 09 36 F 118 connuaught Road West HK Main Line 852 28690688 Fax 852 25254701 support qos maestro wireless com www maestro wireless com 12 2 Related Documents GPS Firmware GSD4e Maestro GPS Evaluation Kit EVA2100 A Maestro SiRF NEMA Reference Manual SiRF SiRF Binary Reference Manual SiRF SiRF OSP Reference Manual SIRF 12 3 Related Tools GPS Cockpit Maestro SIRFLive SIRF SiRF demo SIRF SiRFflash SIRF V0 8 Feb 11 User s Manual Page 35 of
28. ty in position time and frequency and to maintain valid current Ephemeris using either data collected from satellites in view or Extended Ephemeris methods The SiRFaware mode is entered using the One Socket Protocol an extension of the SIRF Binary Protocol Please refer to the appropriate manual In order to request a fix and to exit SiRFaware it is necessary to toggle the ON OFF pin Toggling is done by pulling the signal to HIGH for about 100ms 10 4 Push to Fix Mode Push to Fix mode is designed for the application that requires infrequent position reporting The receiver generally stays in a low power mode up to 2 hours but wakes up periodically to refresh position time ephemeris data and RTC calibration The push to fix mode is initialized and entered using the SIRF Binary Protocol Please refer to the appropriate manual paying particular attention to the paragraph titled Set TricklePower Parameters In order to request a fix outside the specified V0 8 Feb 11 User s Manual Page 29 of 36 PRELIMINARY maest ro A GPS receiver duty cycles it is necessary to toggle the ON OFF pin Toggling is done by pulling the signal to HIGH for about 100ms 10 5 Hibernate Mode In order to enter Hibernate Mode it is necessary to send a shutdown command or to toggle to ON OFF pin by pulling the signal to HIGH for about 100ms Starting with firmware version 4 0 1 the according command is supported in NMEA and SiRF Binary mod
29. ules V0 8 Feb 11 User s Manual Page 11 of 36 PRELIMINARY mae stro GPS receiver 2 3 Additional Equipment Evaluation Kit including one module A2100A Table 3 Additional equipment A detailed description of the EVA2100 A Evaluation Kit can be found in the appropriate manual The evaluation boards are always shipped with latest firmware loaded NOTE Only the EVA2100 A is available there is no specific EVA2100 B V0 8 Feb 1 1 User s Manual Page 12 of 36 PRELIMINARY maest ro GPS receiver 3 Quick Start In order to allow an easy and quick start with the A2100 A module this chapter provides a short overview on the important steps to be taken to receive NMEA messages with position information on a serial port UART NOTE 1 The A2100 A needs an external pull up resistor to be configured for UART operation Although first firmware releases will work with the UART interface by default future releases will not Please consider the pull up resistor in your design or pull the GPIO up right after reset by other means NOTE 2 The ON OFF input of the A2100 A needs to be connected to a push pull output of a microprocessor For a wake up including the initial one after power on a LOW HIGH transmission is mandatory NOTE 3 It is recommended to connect the nRST pin of the A2100 A to an open collector open drain output of a microprocessor 3 1 Minimum Configuration The following picture shows the minimum configur
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