User Manual - MIT Photovoltaic Research Laboratory
Contents
1. Impurity to Efficiency Simulator for Sentaurus TCAD User Manual Ashley E Morishige MIT Photovoltaic Research Laboratory Resea rch Cambridge MA 02139 Laboratory I2E Simulator for Sentaurus TCAD v1 User Manual March 2015 1 Contents L User AUIS CO reesei ada nd dass dase cbse dec bideaitun DEEA dh sole bat SEEN dane EAEE bGakn evant Seabed Selden Das Il Overview of Provided I2ZE Alagator SCripts ccccccsscccecsssssececseeseceecseseceesseeaaeceseeeaaeceeceeaaecessseaaaeeesseesaeeeeseeaaes Ihe Example WOrKTOW ss sccccccssececdcanses stecctagaelcveaiaeeaccediassddncudassnacecdaeceicecsdedeitenedaasiaccuasaesddevsaassdeceteavsiceetsa santetdaannaees I2E Simulator for Sentaurus TCAD v1 User Manual March 2015 I User Audience The MIT PVLab and Synopsys Inc jointly developed and are freely and publicly distributing the Impurity to Efficiency 12E Simulator models written in the Alagator scripting language Details about I2E are found in 1 An online applet version of 12E and more information about the tool can be found at 2 The Alagator scripting language is used to specify partial differential equations and boundary conditions for use with diffusion simulations in the TCAD tool Sentaurus Process 3 This version of the I2E simulator was announced and applied in a recent publication 4 This brief instruction guide is written for users who have access to and are already familiar with Sentaurus TCAD including Sentauru2. mmand files For example sde e l 1_I2E_sde cmd sprocess 1_12E cmd sprocess 1_12E_1D cmd generates a simulation structure runs a 2D process simulation that outputs post processing impurity distributions and then generates the doping profiles in 1D We store the final interstitial iron concentration Fl as a PMIUserField in the tdr file to pass it to Sentaurus Device where we model the recombination activity due to point defects as traps We store the final precipitate related carrier lifetimes that we calculate in SProcess as eLifetime electron lifetime and hLifetime profiles in the tdr file and those profiles are called by the keyword Lifetime in the File section of the sdevice command file as described in the Sentaurus Device User Guide Note that in 1D the user can view profiles at text in plx files and in 2D or 3D the user can view outputs in tdr files using the Sentaurus svisual program We then copy the plx files Emitter plx and Precipitates plx that came from the 1D simulation back to the local machine and generate the appropriate dopant concentration to be used in the device simulation from those profiles We then generate the batch of sdevice command files for our solar cell architecture and upload those files and any additional parameter files to the server and run the commands For example sde e 1_sde cmd sdevice 1_dark_des sdevice 1_rampLight_des sdevice 1_des Finally
3. s Process Sentaurus Device and Sentaurus Structure Editor 2 We provide scripts that are designed to run from the command line but they can also be adapted for use with Sentaurus Workbench 1 Hofstetter et al Impurity to efficiency simulator predictive simulation of silicon solar cell performance based on iron content and distribution Prog Photovolt Res Appl 2010 n a doi 10 1002 pip 1062 2 http pv i2e mit edu 3 See Sentaurus TCAD User Guides 4 A E Morishige H Wagner J Hofstetter Avci C del Ca izo T Buonassisi Combined Effect of Heterogeneous Lifetime and Gettering on Solar Cell Performance Proceedings of the 5 International Conference on Crystalline Silicon Photovoltaics in Energy Procedia 2015 II Overview of Provided IZE Alagator Scripts Here we provide several scripts for running I2E in Sentaurus TCAD including 1 12E Model file IZE_Models_SentaurusTCAD tcl 2 1D command file that calls the I2E Model file I2E_1D_SentaurusTCAD cmd 3 Flexible dimensionality can be adapted for 1D 2D or 3D version of the command file that calls the I2E Model file IZE_SentaurusTCAD cmd 4 Command file that suppresses some default parameters and turns AdvancedCalibration off mySuppressDefaults tcl This file is called right before the I2E Model file is called To download the scripts go to http pv mit edu home resources scroll down to Impurity to Efficiency Simulator for Sen
4. taurus TCAD and click on the Download Scripts button The 1D command file runs as provided Copy the file to the server where you are running Sentaurus and In the command line type sprocess I2E_1D_SentaurusTCAD cmd The flexible dimensionality version requires you to define your own device structure Consult the Sentaurus Process User Guide Chapter 6 Alagator Scripting Language for more details and examples I2E Simulator for Sentaurus TCAD v1 User Manual March 2015 3 III Example Workflow Here we outline the workflow that we use to run the Impurity to Efficiency Simulator for Sentaurus TCAD We use Microsoft Excel to define parameters for multiple simulations Inputs to sprocess include but are not limited to the initial impurity point defect concentration in cm initial precipitated impurity concentration in atoms cm initial impurity precipitate spatial density precipitates cm peak phosphorus concentration and time temperature profile parameters Inputs to sdevice include but are not limited to the wafer doping level the unit cell width contact metallization dimensions bulk lifetime surface recombination velocities and any dopant impurity or lifetime profiles generated by the sprocess simulations We then use MATLAB to read in the parameters from Excel to generate a batch of Sentaurus command files We upload the generated command files to the server where we run Sentaurus and run the Sprocess co
5. we copy the plt files back to the local machine and analyze the solar cell device performance I2E Simulator for Sentaurus TCAD v1 User Manual March 2015 4
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