Guideline for replication and installation of the developed
Contents
1. 11 Guideline for replication and installation of SEVENTH FRAMEWORK the developed sunshape device PROGRAMME e PVC Glue to secure the air pipes If you install the system in a windy place with big thermal changes day night hand tightening is likely to be insufficient both wind induced movements and or thermal dilatation can loosen the parts e Lock glue for the screws If you install the system in a windy place with big thermal changes day night hand tightening is likely to be insufficient both wind induced movements and or thermal dilatation can loosen the parts e Waterproof box for your electrical connections the console system has high quality IP68 plugs and wires with the suitable plugs are provided you need to provide a box for the power supply and Ethernet network connections water proofing a zx ioe AB MRE Oe F Fig 9 Hand tools required are possibly a tool for a 2x2 cm female square for the air caps if you can t do it by hand left imperial hexagonal or Allen keys left 2 Pe cet gt oa y So J How do I mount the SAM Simply follow the explications given in the manual it is well described It is advised to read it once before the mounting as some explanations or details for several procedures are explained a few pages further than their initial description We just advise to use the lock glue on the screws to reduce loosening risks and loss of equipment due to windy conditions2. Climatology Tables Fine Mode AOD Coarse Mode AOD and Fine Mode Fraction Climatology Maps V2 L2 Data Availabili ity ce All Points Daily Averages Monthly Averages Data Display Download All Points Format Only Download Tool Download All Sites Back to World Map Fig 13 Export settings for Aeronet data Total optical depth and aerosol optical depth file 17 Guideline for replication and installation of SEVENTH FRAMEWORK the developed sunshape device PROGRAMME SERONET Data Download Switch to version 2 Tool Direct Sun Click Geographic Region Country State or AERONET Site to change site selection Geographic Region Country State AERONET Site Spain Tabemas_PSADLR Europe Download Data for Tabernas_PS4 OLR Select the start and end time of the data download period Day Month Year Day Month Year START ft a Sfzon END at xfoec S201 E Data Descriptions Data Units Select the data type s using the corresponding check box Radiance Products with calibration and temperature correction applied F Select Principal Planes Polarized Principal Planes LI Sky and Surface for BROF a ee Ougilable using All Points option NOTICE 23 November 2003 The average solar zenith angle is now provided in the second last column of each retrieval file and named average_solar_zenith_angle_for_flux_calculation The column formerly labeled as solar_zenith_angle is now named
3. On the page for Version 2 Inversion Products select Phase functions and the Combined File all products without phase functions Specify the same time interval as before and download the data The necessary settings are shown in Fig 13 and Fig 14 16 Guideline for replication and installation of SEVENTH FRAMEWORK the developed sunshape device PROGRAMME Soler Facilities for the S GODDARD SPACE FLIGHT CENTER Visit NASA gov lt a O AEROSOL ROBOTIC NETWOR AEROSOL OPTICAL DEPTH AEROSOL INVERSIONS SOLAR FLUX OCEAN COLOR MARITIME AEROSO spall AERONET Data Download Switch to Version 2 Home Tool Inversions Aerosol Optical Depth Click Geographic Region Country State or AERONET Site to change site selection Geographic Region Country State AERONET Site Spain Tabernas_PSA DLR Europe Download Data for Tabernas_PSA DOLR Select the start and end time of the data download period Day Month Year Day Month Year isi No Data Descriptions Data Units Note Data are not available if the data type is italicized Select the data type s using the corresponding check box Aerosol Optical Depth AOD with Precipitable Water and Angstrom Parameter Data Display Instrument Information fe g Exact Wavelengths F Data Display Total Optical Depth with components Download Tool Download All Sites Spectral Deconvolution Algorithm SOA Retriewals
4. a SSS SEVENTH FRAMEWORK PROGRAMME Grant Agreement No 228296 SFERA Solar Facilities for the European Research Area SEVENTH FRAMEWORK PROGRAMME Capacities Specific Programme Research Infrastructures Integrating Activity Combination of Collaborative Project and Coordination and Support Action Joint Research Activities R13 2 Guideline for replication and installation of the developed sunshape device Workpackage 13 Improving the capabilities to achieve ultra high concentration in CSP facilities Task 1 Sunshape Measurement Workpackage coordinator organisation name Deutsches Zentrum fur Luft und Raumfahrt e V DLR Author of the report CNRS DLR July 2012 Guideline for replication and installation of SEVENTH FRAMEWORK the developed sunshape device Table of Contents Introduction to R13 2 Guideline for replication and installation of the developed sunshape device 3 Overview of the Work package 13 TASK 1 Improving the capabilities to achieve ultra high concentration in CSP facilities 3 Measurement of the sunshape and evaluation of the impact on concentration 3 Content of this report 3 Description of the measurement system 3 Replication of the CSR measurement system 7 Replication system PROMES CNRS T Forewords Visidyne s Manual T Where to get the parts 7 SAM what will receive 9 What do need to mount the SAM 10 How do I mount the SAM 12 SAM mounting suggested upgrades 13 SAM op
5. Visidyne supplies the SAM in 2 robust military cases by Pelican and a box Fig 7 e One case orange is the control console e One case black with the components to mount instrument head FLIR tracking head cables printed manual air pipes second set of filters if ordered e One box with the Meade tripod mount SEVENTH FRAMEWORK the developed sunshape device PROGRAMME Guideline for replication and installation of Fig 7 SAM parts all 3 boxes with the black case for the components to mount on foreground top left air pipes and manual on the orange control console case top right Wires and rain sensor bottom left MEADE tripod and FLIR tracking head bottom right The instrument head is not shown here white rectangular box see the manual or other photos in this document What do need to mount the SAM A The SAM is designed and built in the USA power supply is 110 V and all the mechanical is imperial sizes Environmental specifications not specified in the manual Power supply connection up to 800 VA 110 120 V AC Actual nominal consumption is lower System operation has been demonstrated by 20 C Visidyne in Massachussets and up to 35 C DLR at Almeria with additional shading of the console system Console case should not be put vertically as some components may move e g for ladder access to a roof you should take extra precautions Space required not specified in the manual se
6. solar_zenith_angle_for_1020mm_scan 7 December 2006 In addition to Version 2 Level 2 0 inversion products the Level 1 5 data are now available from the S4ERONET web site Error bars will be available at a later date Derived Inverison Products Select lerosol Size Distribution Coincident Serosol Optical Depth olume Mean Radius Effective Radius Yolume Concentration Standard Deviation ibsorption Aerosol Optical Depth Extinction Aerosol Optical Depth isyrametry Factor Hlaba Combined File fall products without phase functions Product Scenario and Data Quality oO al 7 s a S o colola 3 olz j o a a j o pei a n m E ic oa 7 n a a gt Z pm wv a Talo J aj g T ie a a a o 4 at niine reverts reve 20 Data Format All Points iS Daily Sverages Monthly amp verages Fig 14 Export settings for Aeronet data Phase functions and combined file 18 Guideline for replication and installation of SEVENTH FRAMEWORK the developed sunshape device PROGRAMME Preparation of auxiliary meteorological data for the post processing For the post processing of the SAM and the Aeronet data further meteorological parameters are necessary The parameters should be provided in a txt file in MESOR format as seen in the example below The necessary parameters and the corresponding units are e date YYYY MM DD e time HH MM e GHI global W m 2 e DNI dire
7. Cables are uniquely identified and have different locking systems FireWire for cameras requires multiples clicks tracking head requires one click other cables require a compatible reasonable tightening SAM plug US norm EU IEC amp UK Description Painted white White Blue Neutral Marked L Black Brown Live Marked gt Green or Green Yellow Earth ground Green Yellow Tab 1 Electric power supply markings and standard wires color Network and computer configurations are on a label inside the lid of the console system Startup of the SAM can be done with a laptop on the corresponding plug and once the firewall WAN settings correctly set it can also be done from your network The laptop must be configured in DHCP to get its IP address from the SAM integrated firewall laptop connection Direct usage of the inboard computer can be done Fig 10 by plugging a VGA display keyboard and mouse USB or PS2 for example if you have lost network settings or have trouble with the network and VNC connections 12 SEVENTH FRAMEWORK the developed sunshape device PROGRAMME Fig 10 Direct usage of the inboard com Guideline for replication and installation of d AITTI r r EE d A Arrr AET Seas a sossa Sa R 2 ip 4 eae ue A a ee E x oe abo s s puter is possible to troubleshoot network settings SAM mounting suggested upgrades As provided form Visidyne the system is well suited for campaig
8. and the measurements are available online SAM site name PSA http www visidyne com SAM SAM_ DATA_ htm Sun photometer site name Tabernas_PSA DLR http aeronet gsfc nasa gov cgi bin type one station opera v2 new site Tabernas_ P SA DLR amp nachal 2 amp level 1 amp place_code 10 Guideline for replication and installation of SEVENTH FRAMEWORK the developed sunshape device Fig 1 Photo of the SAM Series 400 next to the Cimel sun photometer at DLR s meteorological station at the Plataforma Solar de Almeria PSA The SAM instrument uses two cameras one camera for the sun disk and another camera for the aureole Both cameras are Pixelink PL A741 CMOS cameras with 25 mm Pentax C Mount lenses They are mounted on a solar tracker so that the sun disk camera is facing the sun directly The aureole camera takes images of a screen Fig 2 A lens forms an image of the aureole on this screen while the rays coming from the sun disk itself fall onto a beam dump The use of five exposure times per each measurement and camera provides the required high dynamic range whatever the luminosity conditions aureole camera entrance window disk camera lens screen with beam dump Fig 2 Schematic of the SAM sun and aureole measurement instrument The results of the SAM instrument include a radial average radiance profile which is created using the information from both cameras There is a gap for most measurements that ar
9. in nm DiskAngleDegr used diskangle for each measurement in as always half angle r2sun distance between the sun and the earth in m for each measurement tauSAM Particulate optical depth for the SAM filter wavelength tauAero Aerosol optical depth for the SAM filter wavelength calculated as an interpolation from the Aeronet data tauCloud Cloud optical depth for the SAM filter wavelength calculated from tauAero and the particulate optical depth measured with the SAM instrument 20 Guideline for replication and installation of SEVENTH FRAMEWORK the developed sunshape device PROGRAMME References DeVore2009 DeVore J Stair A LePage A Rall D Atkinson J Villanucci D Rappaport S Joss P and McClatchey R 2009 Retrieving Properties of Thin Clouds From Solar Aureole Measurements Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology 26 pp 2531 2548 Visidyne2012 Manual for the SAM instrument version 5 2012 Gueymard2001 Gueymard C A 2001 Parameterized transmittance model for direct beam and circumsolar spectral irradiance Solar Energy 71 5 pp 325 346 Liou2002 KN Liou An introduction to atmospheric radiation Academic Press 2002 Wilbert2011 Wilbert S Reinhardt B DeVore J Roger M Pitz Paal R and Gueymard C 2011 Measurement of solar radiance profiles with the sun and aureole measurement system SAM SolarPACES Granada also submitted to Journal of Solar Energy Engineer
10. point 3 The executable uses the cdf files the auxiliary meteorological data and the aeronet data If no Aeronet data is available also default values or estimated values can be used for the aerosol properties The paths of these input files and further parameters are set in a configuration file text in Matlab syntax The configuration file is selected in a GUI after the execution of the executable All necessary settings are described in detail in the configuration files SAM2sunshapeNCSR_config txt and configSMARTSMatlabSAM2011 txt The functionality of the software is documented in Wilbert2011 19 Guideline for replication and installation of SEVENTH FRAMEWORK the developed sunshape device Description of the output files of the sunshape measurement system after the post processing The results of the post processing are stored in Matlabs mat format The file names are SAM_ Type StartDate EndDate mat The first and the last day of the data contained are given in the files name as yymmdd There are three different output files indicated by Type e all contains all the variables used in the postprocessing e ssd contains only the most relevant parameters radiance profiles the CSR DNI and the time see list below e CSR is very similar to ssd but the relative radiance profiles are not included The structure ssd always contains the following fiel
11. the zip file in a folder of your choice on the SAM instrument control PC The pwd is samnet 3 Ifno Matlab 7 12 0 executables have been used on the PC so far download and unzip the ten files Installer zip xx pwd test Then run the thus obtained file MCRInstaller exe 4 Open ConfigFileSAMnetUpload txt and enter your user name and your password for your SAMnet folder Create the folder AlreadyUploaded in C Processed Data and make sure that the files you want to upload are stored in the folder specified as Inputfolder default C Processed Data If you only want to upload certain days of the data in the given input folder specify the interval using the variables StartDate and EndDate Usually you should set the variables to allFiles Save ConfigFileSAMnetUpload txt 5 Run SAMnetUploadTool exe to upload the data If the first run only creates a folder SAMnetUpLoadTool_mcr run it again 15 Guideline for replication and installation of SEVENTH FRAMEWORK the developed sunshape device 6 If this works you should see that day folders are created in your SAMnet directory on Visidyne s ftp site and that cdf files are uploaded to these folders The local files should be moved to the local folder AlreadyUploaded or the non default folder you specified in the config file 7 Define a Scheduled Task in the Windows Control Panel that calls SAMnetUploadTool exe daily some hours after the automati
12. 81 272 1068 http www visidyne com The system is normally provided with one installed set of filters at 670 nm but you can order a supplementary wavelength calibrated filters at 870 nm and 440 nm in that case you manually mount and unmount the selected filters inside the head For the standard application and standard sunshape measuements the filter at 670 nm is sufficient and recommended e Sunphotometer the reference system is available from Cimel Cimel 172 rue de Charonne 75011 Paris France Telephone 33 01 43 48 79 33 Fax 33 01 43 48 62 61 http www cimel fr The recommended instrument is Cimel CE 318N EBS9 sun photometer Also other versions of the instrument are possible without drawbacks if these instrument versions are allowed in the Aeronet The instrument is delivered including its own programmed tracker and it is not possible to install the sensor on another tracker Instrument details http www cimel fr photo sunph_us htm A The sunphotometer requires periodic calibration as its filters age Participation to the Aeronet network is advised if possible to contribute the data and benefit from the calibration services Also Aeronet provides the post processing of the sun photometric measurements which are necessary to obtain the desired input for the software that calculates the broadband sunshape and which is described later in this document The SEVENTH FRAMEWORK PROGRAMME Guideline for replication and instal
13. I but strongly advised for quality control You can find guidelines to set up weather station with suitable performance in the following existing guidelines o Best Practices Handbook for the Collection and Use of Solar Resource Data by NREL http www nrel gov docs fy1Oosti 4 7465 pdf o Baseline Solar Radiation Network Operation Manual from WRMC BSRN is available from the following URL http www wmo int pages prog gcos documents gruanmanuals WCRP W CRP21 TD1274 BSRN pdf For example for the different stations at PROMES CNRS we use Vaisala WXT520 weather transmitters for all the required air measurements plus wind and precipitations and solar equipment from Kipp amp Zonen or Eppley Laboratories with data acquisition modules from Gantner see Fig 6 the rest being standard material with suitable reliability network devices communication gateways online or line interactive UPS computers or custom made Java software for data acquisition data base storage with MySQL export and access with PHP Apache and HTML5 Javascript o Solys 2 and 2AP solar trackers from Kipp amp Zonen ST 3 solar trackers from Eppley Laboratories CE 318 from Cimel o CH1 and CHP1 pyrheliometers from Kipp amp Zonen NIP pyrheliometers from Eppley Laboratories CE 183 pyrheliometer from Cimel o CMP11 and CMP21 pyranometers with CV2 ventilation from Kipp amp Zonen PSP pyranometers from Eppley Laboratories o High accuracy and wide temperature co
14. advised at most once in Visidyne s manual not mandatory 7 a tlm M he unag p i n Surveillance a ree wae camera o fs i or p YA i A Rain sensor A She pe ai Aia Up to 3 m away Up to 3 m away at b E Fig 8 CNRS SAM system at Odeillo Summer 2012 campaign temporary installation Total clearances are indicated Note than only extraordinary operations require to open the lid of the case as normal operation is done by controlling remotely the inboard PC Height clearance is marginally lower with lid closed as the provided air pipes are quite high The instrument tracking head and tripod can be placed at about 3 m on the west like on the picture right on this south facing picture or North or South or about 2 m on the East left on the picture Cardinal orientation is at your choice The rain sensor below the arrow showing the height can be placed at about 2 m at most from the console on its left or 3 m from the right side of the connection A dead weight 10 20 kg should be used to secure the tripod in case of windy conditions The following tools are required see Fig 9 e 1 person can do all the mounting e 3 16 hexagonal key or Allen key Available from RadioSpares in many countries for example reference 297 1522 see http www rs components com e 2x2 cm square tool the caps for the air vents may be a bit difficult to remove before installing the air pipes
15. c processing of the SAM data Obtaining the necessary Aeronet data The required information on atmospheric aerosols can be optioned from Aeronet stations The data for the stations is available online under specified conditions of use For PSA the URL is http aeronet gsfc nasa gov cgi bin webtool opera v2_inv stage 3 amp region Europe amp state Spain amp site Tabernas PSA DLR You can choose the nearest existing station from the page http aeronet gsfc nasa gov cgi bin webtool opera v2 inv pay attention to select the station with the most similar climate and human activities if several choices are possible For example as there is no data for CNRS in Odeillo 42 497 N and 2 030 E the nearest Aeronet site is Pic du Midi which is also in the mountains instead of Barcelona which is very industrial and at sea level http aeronet gsfc nasa gov cgi bin webtool opera v2_inv stage 3 amp region Europe amp state France amp site Pic du_midi carg oho Fig 12 NASA Aeronet 789 existing stations as of June 2012 On this page download level 1 5 or level 2 0 data On the page for Version 2 Direct Sun Algorithm select Aerosol Optical Depth AOD with Precipitable Water and Angstrom Parameter Instrument Information e g Exact Wavelengths Merge with AOD and Total Optical Depth with components Select the required time interval recommended 1 year for convenient post processing and download the data
16. ct W m 2 e Tamb ambient temperature C e relHum relative humidity e p air pressure mbar Other parameters are optional The time resolution should be 1min MESOR V1 1 11 2007 type sequenceofRaditionValue unitName W m 2 mbar C m s N valuelype Irradiance pressure temperature and wind IPR providerName XXX IPR timeSeriesTitle DLR PSA HP 2012 IPR copyrightText DLR location LlLatitude N 24 44176 location longitude E 54 61661 location height m 27 location summarizationlype 1 min timezone UTCt1 comment by Stefan Wilbert and Fabian Wolfertstetter DLR PSA channel date date YYYY MM DD channel time time HH MM channel GHI global measured with instrument 0 W m 2 channel DNI direct W m 2 channel Tamb ambient temperature C channel relHum relative humidity channel p air pressure mbar begindata 2012 02 03 00 00 0 434999 0 4240957 18 90764 80 78713 1012 2012 02 03 00 05 0 7146633 0 4240963 18 9662 80 56303 1012 enddata Sunshape post processing software The sunshape post processing software written at DLR PSA for the evaluation of the monochromatic radiance profiles allows their conversion to broadband sunshapes spectral CSRs and broadband CSRs The processing can be done at DLR PSA or also on a local machine using an executable The executable requires Matlab 7 12 0 or the MCRInstaller as described in the section on the SAMnet upload tool in
17. dedFiles Directed Perception Documents Products P TU D100 PTU D100E Manual pdf 13 Guideline for replication and installation of SEVENTH FRAMEWORK the developed sunshape device P RAMME Fig 11 DLR SAM system at PSA with jiparades for long term aeration a removable roof reduces the box temperatures and a custom ground fixed pole has been built for the tracking head The rain sensor left behind is on the original provided pole and 45 fixation Air venting is done with the white filters instead of the air pipes as on CNRS unit SAM operation Refer to the manual starting page 34 14 Guideline for replication and installation of SEVENTH FRAMEWORK the developed sunshape device Sunshape and CSR determination The determination of the CSR and the sunshape involves several steps First the software autogui current version samnet_auto_ gui _400v02 sav is used to calculate particulate spectral optical depths OD and radial spectral radiance profiles for the corresponding wavelength of the used filter This software can be set to automatic processing during the night and it is explained in the SAM manual The required cdf files produced with this application are the OD file e g 401 050311 OD_ cdf and the radial radiance file e g r 401 050311 AP_ cdf Then these cdf files have to processed together with additional information on the aerosols This processing can be done at DLR after
18. ds solarAzimuth solar azimuth in N solarAltitude solar elevation angle in CSR circumsolar ratio as decimal number disk angle calculated for the specific time Liou2002 outer angle maximum of angles PyrhelClear DNI in W m as measured by your pyrheliometer PyraHorzClear GHI in W m as calculated from the above DNI and a DHI measurement the name is selected to fit to the LBL RDB reduced database UTCnumeric time and date for all parameters in UTC in Matlabs numeric time format serial date number in days counted from a specific date and time Jan 1 0000 00 00 00 corresponds to the number 1 solarTime solar time for all parameters in hh mm ss CloudPresenceVec vector with 1 for measurements when clouds were detected O for clear sky sunshapes In files created before June 1 2012 this is only contained as a variable in the all dataset name name of the dataset In the ssd and all mat files two more fields are found angles angular distance from the center of the sun for the radiance profile in relRad relative radiance unitless for the angles specified in angles The most relevant parameters from the all mat files are AM_ SAM the air mass for the times in ssd UTCnumeric CSR spectral the spectral CSR for the wavelengthsintervals given in SmartsExt Wvlgth SmartsExt Wvlgth wavelength used for the spectral CSR in nm LambdaSAM wavelength of the filters used in the SAM instrument
19. e relevant for solar power between an angle close to the solar disk angle and 0 475 from center This is due to the limited dynamic range of disk camera and the size of the beam dump in the screen of 0 375 The gap is usually bigger than 0 375 because the data close to the border of the beam dump is not reliable due to the roughness of the screen in this region For high CSR no gap occurs due to the less pronounced step in the radiance profile close to the solar disk angle The gap is filled with a power law fit after the detection of the appropriate supporting points The measurement of the disk radiance is used as an upper limit for the resulting fitted radiance which increases the robustness of the regression The SAM instrument was designed for the investigation of cloud properties such as particle optical depth and cloud particle size distribution Fig 3 and effective radius DeVore2009 Thus SAM uses narrow band pass filters The cameras band pass filters are centered at 670 nm with a full width at half maximum of 10 nm The filters can be exchanged with filters centered at 440 nm and 870 nm For these wavelengths comparison and cross calibration with the Cimel CE 318 Holben1998 sun photometer is possible The sun photometer measures spectral direct normal irradiance and spectral sky radiance at nine different wavelengths between 340 nm and 1640 nm Scattering and thus the resulting spectral sunshapes are wavelength dependent T
20. e Fig 8 About 1 square meter for the head and its tripod on the ground don t forget that the head will move to track the Sun and requires a bit more space Cables between the head and the console are about 4 meters long this allows roughly 3 m between both components Cable between the rain sensor and the console is about 4 meters long this allows roughly 3 m between both components The console box requires about 120 cm wide x 130 cm deep on the ground and 80 cm high including the air pipes clearance For the scattering measurements with the ball on stick method described in the manual you need to place this occulting 4 inches 12 cm ball on its 18 feet tall stick 5 5 m at 10 Guideline for replication and installation of SEVENTH FRAMEWORK the developed sunshape device about 25 feet 8 m from the head be careful with installation on a roof on its south edge advised to limit shadowing from nearby equipment you may not be able to perform the occultation in winter when the sun is too low on the accessible east or west parts in the morning or evening The simplest is to have this 25 feet 8 m clearance at noon hence south of the system if possible For example the CNRS Odeillo organization avoid this south measurement and only allows East morning or West evening ball stick procedure hence not at Winter solstice as the sun would be too low below the 10 required degrees This scattering determination procedure is
21. eration 14 Sunshape and CSR determination 15 SAM net upload tool 15 Installation procedure 15 Obtaining the necessary Aeronet data 16 Preparation of auxiliary meteorological data for the post processing 19 Sunshape post processing software 19 Description of the output files of the sunshape measurement system after the post processing 20 References 21 Guideline for replication and installation of F ae SEVENTH FRAMEWORK the developed sunshape device Introduction to R13 2 Guideline for replication and installation of the developed sunshape device This report is a delivery of Workpackage 13 Task 1 Overview of the Work package 13 TASK 1 Improving the capabilities to achieve ultra high concentration in CSP facilities Measurement of the sunshape and evaluation of the impact on concentration Objectives e A Development of a sunshape measurement and monitor system that automatically monitors the sunshape at the weather station of a CSP facility and which will serve as master for replication and as a reference for other devices DLR e B Second system set up in sunshape measurement device at CNRS CNRS e C Define impact of the sunshape Circumsolar Radiation CSR on the performance of some existing CSP installations by measurement of flux distribution enlargement of beam diameter or intercept factor depending on concentrating technology DLR CNRS WEIZMANN e D Validation of ray tracing tools by comparison of flux measu
22. herefore the measured absolute spectral radiance profile at 670 nm might be different from the broadband sunshape that is required for CSP applications The spectral sunshape is thus transformed to obtain the broadband sunshape This post processing involves the co located sun photometric determination of aerosol properties Guideline for replication and installation of SEVENTH FRAMEWORK the developed sunshape device The spectral transformation is based on spectral extraterrestrial radiance profiles calculations with a clear sky radiative transfer model and a transformation for the forward scattering of light in clouds The used clear sky radiative transfer model is a slightly modified version of SMARTS 2 9 5 Gueymard2001 The input values for the model are for the most part from PSA s cloud screened Aeronet data currently at Level 1 5 spectral aerosol optical depth precipitable water aerosol single scattering albedo asymmetry factor atmospheric pressure ozone concentration and aerosol phase function Also ambient temperature and relative humidity from the co located meteorological station are used The modified version of the SMARTS 2 9 5 code can process tuples of user defined values for the single scattering albedo the asymmetry factor and Angstrom s wavelength exponents together with the selection of the phase function model Thus the solar spectrum and the spectral CSR for pure aerosol scattering are calculated The tra
23. ing 21
24. lation of the developed sunshape device required input format for this software is currently the one used by Aeronet If no sun photometer is available near the site where the SAM is positioned further options for obtaining additional required information on aerosols can be considered i Calculations with SMARTS2 based on estimations or non Aeronet ground and satellite measurements The SMARTS code is developed by Chris Gueymard to accurately simulate notably the ground solar spectrum from UV to near IR Solar Consulting Services Chris SolarConsultingServices com http www solarconsultingservices com Code details http www solarconsultingservices com smarts php Download http www nrel gov rredc smarts One option for non Aeronet ground measurements is given by spectrometric measurements of DNI An Ocean Optics USB 2000 is proposed by Visidyne This option includes integration into the head and all the required optical components and testing Spectral range covered is 200 1100 nm Instrument details http AWwww oceanoptics com products usb2000 asp The spectral aerosol optical depth can be retrieved from these measurements and thus part of the input which is usually included in the Aeronet files can be provided You also need a ground weather station to get measurements of the following data o Air measurements temperature relative humidity pressure o Solar measurements DNI GHI DHI not required to have both GHI and DH
25. mpensated data acquisition modules from Gantner model A4 TC used for most sun sensors Guideline for replication and installation of SEVENTH FRAMEWORK the developed sunshape device Eppley Laboratories 12 Sheffield Avenue PO Box 419 Newport Rhode Island 02840 USA Telephone 401 847 1020 Fax 401 847 1031 info eppleylab com http www eppleylab com Kipp amp Zonen see website for your country contact info kippzonen com http www kippzonen com Vaisala see website for your country contact http www vaisala com Gantner Instruments see website for your country contact http www gantner instruments com e rj Ad A Fig 6 Two solar stations at CNRS Odeillo left with 2AP solar tracker CHP1 pyrheliometer DNI CMP21 pyranometer with shading and CV2 ventilation unit DHI from Kipp amp Zonen PSP pyranometers one with shading DHI and one without GHI from Eppley Laboratories all sensors acquired by Gantner A4 TC modules in the gray plastic boxes in the background Th mis P gase right with Solys 2 solar tracker CMP11 pyranometers with CVF3 ventilation unit one with shading DHI right and one without GHI left from Kipp amp Zonen all sensors including the Vaisala WXT520 for air measurements not visible acquired by one Gantner e reader module in the gray plastic box in the background on right SAM what will I receive
26. n operation Long term operation at a fixed place may require hardware upgrades depending on your weather climates It is notably suggested Fig 11 Additional protection of the console system Check notably the box temperatures Housekeeping in the slc_init software and the suitability of the air venting system depending on the amount of dust you have Electronics and computer don t like dust nor temperature above 40 C or it shortens their lifespan DLR has shaded the console box to help reducing temperatures In case of cold climate and or humid climates care has to be taken to avoid condensation from water of ice as it can lead to short circuits Appropriate additional heating may be required Take in consideration wind cooling Rigid mount pole for the tracking head The Meade provided tripod has been designed for astronomy observations For long time application in harsh outside climate replacement with a ground fixed pole is advised Think of the required clearance for the instrument head movements for such a modification Mounting can be done including the Visidyne white metallic board 3 holes in a 120 triangle pattern of 137 mm long sides M8 screw can fit through despite the imperial threading or directly below the FLIR pan amp tilt PTU100E tracking head 4 screws ina 85 725 mm square pattern advised 1 4 20 Kodak screw metric compatible should be M6 see user manual at FLIR page 15 http www dperception com uploa
27. nsformation includes a further step if clouds masked the sun Clouds are detected based on the deviation of particle and aerosol optical depth the temporal variation of the particle optical depth and the monotonicity of the radiance profile In the case that clouds were detected the spectral aureole profile is calculated for several wavelengths assuming that the scattering is dominated by diffraction O O O 0 0 0 0 Fig 3 Exemplary results from the SAM 31 1 2012 PSA Aureole radiance as a function of angle and time top and particle concentration as a function of particle diameter and time bottom If clouds were detected the resulting spectral CSR and spectral sunshapes are calculated using the cloud and aerosol optical depth and the assumption that the cloud scattering occurred above that by aerosol particles Exemplary results of the direct measurement with SAM and the post processed broadband sunshape are shown in Fig 4 Guideline for replication and installation of SEVENTH FRAMEWORK the developed sunshape device 10 diskangle jess 670nm CSR 0 02 a broadband CSR 0 02 i 10 a y jupgeeee 670nm CSR pe 0 11 broadband CSR 0 11 k S 10 1 670nm CSR 0 05 D f pod 1 BB fis f broadband CSR 0 05 pas al y 10 N ol W 10 h c10 f 10 10 j 10 angular distance from the center of the sun Fig 4 Exemplary results of the reference s
28. rements with ray tracing predictions based on measured sunshape and high precision geometry data of the heliostat field reflective surface DLR e E Derivation of sunshape from Meteosat Second Generation MSG satellite observations DLR e F Investigation of the influence of sunshape on irradiance measurements DLR Content of this report This report is part of objective B Second system set up CNRS and represents a guideline for replication installation and use of the developed sunshape measurement device Description of the measurement system Objective A Development of a sunshape measurement and monitor system DLR At DLR PSA a sunshape measurement system was developed The system uses the commercial instrument SAM Sun and aureole measurement system which was designed for the investigation of cloud properties The previous version of the system DeVore2009 was analyzed and necessary improvements were identified As a result of a detailed discussion of the necessary improvements with the manufacturer Visidyne Inc a new version SAM 400 was developed by Visidyne This version features increased calibration accuracy more precise sun tracking and additional spectral filters The complete sunshape measurement system consists of the Sun and Aureole Measurement SAM instrument a sun photometer and a post processing software The system is fully automated and weather proof Fig 1 Both instruments are part of measurement networks
29. uploading the cdf files to a ftp server For this option an upload tool is available that allows the automatic daily data transfer Alternatively the data can be processed on a local machine using an executable which can be obtained from DLR SAM net upload tool If the sunshape post processing software is not installed on the ICC Instrument Control Computer the cdf files created by the autogui program have to be sent to the workstation with the post processing software Also the idea of the SAM instrument is to be used in a measurement network and to provide the data to the scientific community as it is valuable also for atmospheric science Thus an upload tool was created to allow the daily transfer of the cdf files to a ftp server A download tool was programmed too When executed the SAMnetUploadTool exe checks if cdf files are found in a specified folder on the ICC and uploads them to your SAMnet folder e g on ftp visidyne com After the upload the local files are moved to a specified folder for the uploaded files in your network or on the ICC The upload activity is logged in SAMnetUpload log Installation procedure 1 Download the file samnetUploadTool zip from Samnet Tabernas_ PSA DLR SAMNET_uploadTool on ftp visidyne com e g aS anonymus user The zip file contains SAMnetUploadTool ctf component technology file SAMnetUploadTool exe SAMnetUpload log amp ConfigFileSAMnetUpLload txt 2 Put the content of
30. ystem Direct measurements of the SAM instrument at 670 nm and the broadband sunshapes obtained after the post processing are shown In the legend the broadband CSR CSRgs is stated One color represents one measurement Guideline for replication and installation of SEVENTH FRAMEWORK the developed sunshape device Replication of the CSR measurement system Replication system PROMES CNRS As the sunshape measurement system was defined and software was programmed the next step has been the ordering and installation of the measurement system at PROMES CNRS The developed software can be applied and sunshape data can be measured also in France at a different climate The CSR can also be monitored on the unique set of high concentration facilities available at the laboratory having thirteen solar furnaces concentrating from 6000 to 16000 suns Forewords Visidyne s Manual This section is intended to complement Visidyne s manual Visidyne2012 therefore only supplementary or highlighted information is given here The SAM manual used was version 05 It should be mentioned that Visidyne also provides service support Where to get the parts As described previously to determine the sunshape you need a SAM device and a Cimel sun photometer Aeronet for the determination of the spectral aerosol contributions e SAM Hardware provider Visidyne 99 South Bedford St Suite 107 Burlington MA 01803 USA Telephone 781 273 2820 Fax 7
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