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User Manual - EndRun Technologies

1. a Antenna cable assembly part 0501 0000 000 5 Tempus Gntp User s Manual ENDRUN TECHNOLOGIES Tempus Gntp Physical Description Front Panel F ome ndRun glS O remon TECHNOLO GES Tempus Gntp Network Time Server 5 Ome O Sync Status LED This green LED flashes to indicate synchronization status Network Status LED This amber LED illuminates when the 10 100Base T RJ 45 connector is connected to the network and flashes when receiving or transmitting packets Alarm Status LED This red LED illuminates briefly at power up and thereafter whenever a serious fault condition exists Rear Panel GPSANT 1PPS 10MPPS TIMECODE CDMA ANT e N ouT ouT ouT ouT OUT our our our b RS 232 10 100BASE T GPS ANT Jack This BNC connector mates with the downlead cable from the external antenna IPPS Jack This BNC connector provides the optional 1PPS TTL output 10 MPPS Jack This BNC connector provides the optional 10 MPPS TTL output Timecode Jack This BNC connector provides the optional IRIG B time code output 10 MHz 5 MHz 1 MHz These BNC connectors are additional optional 5 MPPS 1 MPPS outputs and may or may not be present on your unit Time Code TTL Jacks RS 232 Serial I O Jack This DB 9M connector provides the RS 232 serial I O console interface to the Tempus Gntp This console allows the user to initialize and maintain the Tempus Gntp A null modem adapter is r
2. Re start ntpd to have it begin using the Tempus Gntp server with MD5 authentication Use the NTP utility ntpq to check that ntpd is able to communicate with the Tempus Gntp After issuing the command ntpq you will see the ntpq command prompt ntpq gt Use the command peers to display the NTP peers which your computer is using One of them should be the Tempus Gntp server which you have just configured You should verify that it is being reached You may have to continue issuing the peers command for a minute or two before you will see the reach count increment You can verify that authentication is being used by issuing the command associations to display the characteristics of the client server associations In the auth column of the display you should see OK for the row corresponding to the Tempus Gntp server If you see bad you should wait a few minutes to be sure that there is a prob lem since bad is the initial state of this setting If the bad indication persists then you must check your configuration for errors Typically this is due to a typing error in creating the etc ntp keys file on the client that causes a mismatch between the keys being Tempus Gntp User s Manual 24 ENDRUN TECHNOLOGIES used by the server and client If you transfer the file by tp or sep this shouldn t be a problem It is also possible to have a typing error in the e ntp conf file that causes th
3. The keypad and display provide a convenient interface that allows the user to quickly check the operation of the instrument and setup many control parameters If desired the Network Administrator can disable the keypad EDIT key to prevent unauthorized tampering with the instrument setup Even when disabled all status and control parameters are available for reading only Te section describes the Tempus Gntp front panel user interface which consists Display Description The display consists of a graphic 16 x 280 dot matrix vacuum fluorescent array The VED technology offers very readable bright alphanumeric characters with variable font sizes Time information is readable at distances in excess of 15 feet The keypad consists of an eight key switch assembly designed to allow easy parameter selection and control After power is applied the front panel display will remain blank for approximately 60 seconds while the Tempus Cntp is initializing Keypad Description The front panel keypad consists of eight switch keys identified as follows ENTER Select a menu item or load a parameter when editing BACK Return to previous display or abort an edit process EDIT Edit the parameter currently in view HELP Display context sensitive help information LEFT arrow Select a new item to the left 35 Tempus Gntp User s Manual ENDRUN TECHNOLOGIES RIGHT arrow Select a new item to the right DOWN arrow Scroll through parameter values
4. bad is the initial state of this setting If the bad indication persists then you must check your configuration for errors Typically this is due to a typing error in creating the etc ntp keys file on the client that causes a mismatch between the keys being used by the server and client If you transfer the file by ftp or sep this shouldn t be a problem It is also possible to have a typing error in the etc ntp conf file that causes the needed key to not be included in the trustedkey list Tempus Gntp User s Manual 26 ENDRUN TECHNOLOGIES Setting Up NTP Clients on Windows NT 4 0 2000 ou must have successfully completed the Basi Installation procedures in Chapter 2 This manual is not a How To on installing and using NTP basic approaches to NTP configuration for operation with the Tempus Gntp will be described here In stallation must be performed by a user with administrative priviledges on the system If you have never used NTP then you should spend some time reading the on line docu ments at T configure your Windows NT 4 0 2000 computer to use your Tempus Gntp y http www ntp org Although all the information is available at the above site the following are excellent tutorials on setting up NTP and are easier to understand http www sun com solutions blueprints 0701 NTP pdf http www sun com solutions blueprints 0801 NTPpt2 pdf http www sun com solutions blueprints 0901 NTPpt3
5. drivers etc ntp keys file on the client that causes a mismatch between the keys being used by the server and client If you transfer the file by ftp ot sep this shouldn t be a problem It is also possible to have a typing error in the winnt system32 drivers etc ntp conf file that causes the needed key to not be included in the trustedkey list Broadcast Multicast NTP Client Setup Broadcast multicast client setup is relatively simple if e You have been able to successfully communicate with the Tempus Gntp on your network e Your Tempus Gntp has been configured to perform broadcasts or multicasts via the front panel keypad or by running the ntpconfig shell script This is not the factory default configuration so be sure to run ntpeonfig If you are go ing to use MD5 authentication your Tempus Gntp must have been configured to operate with authentication in the broadcast multicast mode and you must know which of the trusted keys it is using for broadcast multicast operation The example Tempus Gntp configuration shown in Chapter 2 Configuring the Network Time Protocol will be assumed in the example configuration commands shown here e You have installed NTP on your client computer e You have successfully performed the MDI Authenticated NTP Client Setup on yout client computer if you plan to use MD5 authentication 31 Tempus Gntp User s Manual ENDRUN TECHNOLOGIES Configure NTP You must edit the p con
6. Gntp User s Manual 74 ENDRUN TECHNOLOGIES giving it a file name to open it will display its help screen showing the supported key strokes After editing etc rad rz local you must copy it to the boot etc re d directory and re boot the system It is very important to retain the access mode for the file so be sure to use ep p when performing the copy During the boot process the files contained in the boot etc red directory ate copied to the working e tc re d directory on the system RAM disk In this way the factory defaults are over written Quick Start Configuration SNMPv1 v2c You should be able to compile the TEMPUS MIB file on your SNMP management system and access the variables defined therein The factory default community names are Tempus for the read only community and endrun_1 for the read write commu nity This is all that is required for operation under v1 and v2c of SNMP You can and should change the default community names by editing e snmpd conf and modifying these two lines rwcommunity endrun 1 rocommunity Tempus Configuring SNMPv1 Trap Generation To have your Tempus Gntp send SNMPv1 traps RFC 1215 you must configure the community and destination for SNMPv1 traps by uncommenting and editing this line in etc snmpd conf trapsink XXX XXX XXX XXX trapcommunity trapport where trapcommunity should be replaced by your community and xxx xxx xxx xxx IS the IP address or hostn
7. as the login means The companion utility sep provides a secure replacement for ftp as a means of transferring files to and from the Tempus Gntp Both of these protocols are supported in the Tempus Gntp via the OpenSSH implementations for Linux Re fer to Appendix A Security for more information about the secure shell protocol and its configuration Using Telnet When establishing a telnet connection with your Tempus Gntp logging in directly as root is not permitted This is a security measure that makes it slightly more difficult to gain access by simply trying passwords since it is also necessary to know the name of auset When you initiate a telnet session with the Tempus Gntp this banner will be displayed JUSSI ISI III ISIS IIIS IIIS IIIS IIIS III III II II IIR IAT A III ut Welcome to Tempus Gntp telnet console on gntp your domain kkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkk Gntp login Here you may log in as gntpuser with password Praecis When logged in as gnt puser you may check status information and view log files but you will not be able to modify any system settings or view secure files After correctly entering the password at this prompt Password the sign on message is shown It identifies the host system as Tempus Gntp and shows the software part number version and build date Tempus Gntp 6010 0004 000 v 1 00 Wed May 16 14 17 44 UTC 2002 Tempus Gntp g
8. clear view to the sky This will improve its ability to receive signals from satellites near the horizon Initially upon power up 7 Tempus Gntp User s Manual ENDRUN TECHNOLOGIES 1 The unit will light the red Alarm Status LED for about ten seconds 2 Then it will continuously light the green Sync Status LED 3 When the unit locks onto a GPS signal and begins to decode the timing data and adjust the local oscillator the green Sync Status LED will flash very rapidly about a 6 Hz rate until the data is fully decoded and the local oscillator is fully locked to the GPS frequency 4 Then the green Sync Status LED will pulse at precisely a 1 Hz rate synchro nized to UTC seconds with a short on duration relative to the off duration At this point the GPS time and frequency engine has fully synchronized and you may procede to permanently mounting the chassis and antenna in their desired locations If this sequence has not occurred within twenty four hours and you have mounted your antenna in a window or your rooftop installation has poor sky visibility you may need to provide an accurate reference position to the unit so that it can operate with only one satellite in view If you have mounted the antenna in a window and can easily move it to the rooftop you should do that first Should you need to provide a reference position to the unit refer to Appendix D GPS Reference Position and the setgpsrefpos command for details I
9. constellation Usage Set setgpsrefpos Tempus Gntp response Interactive shell script is started unlockkp This command unlocks out access to the front panel keypad EDIT key When the EDIT key is locked it will prevent unauthorized tampering with the unit All other keys are still enabled so you may continue to read the status and current settings of the Tempus Gntp Refer to the kplockstat and lockoutkp commands Usage Set unlockkp Tempus Gntp response Front panel keypad EDIT key enabled 59 Tempus Gntp User s Manual ENDRUN TECHNOLOGIES updatelilo This command allows the user to update the configuration of the Linux Loader LILO after a new root file system image has been uploaded to the upgrade root file system partition rooffs_1 of the Tempus Gntp FLASH disk Refer to Appendix B Upgrad ing the Firmware for detailed instructions for performing the upgrade procedure Two arguments are accepted first either 0 or 1 to tell LILO which root file system image should be made the default second the file name of the new compressed root file sys tem image If no arguments or any value other than 1 is given for the first argument the default root file system is set to TempusGntp_0 If the first argument is 1 then the second argument is read and LILO is re configured to make the default root file system TempusGntp_1 Upon completion the root file system partitions are unmounted Usage Set boot updatelilo 1 r
10. ethernet System Status Indicators front panel e Sync LED green indicator that pulses to indicate the current GPS acquisition and lock status e Network LED amber indicator that illuminates when the ethernet connection is up and flashes when packets are received or transmitted e Alarm LED ted indicator that illuminates when a serious fault condition exists 89 Tempus Gntp User s Manual ENDRUN TECHNOLOGIES Linux Maintenance Console RS 232 serial I O on rear panel DB9M jack for secure local terminal access Parameters fixed at 19200 baud 8 data bits no parity 1 stop bit For communication with another computer 2 meter DB9F DB9F null modem adapter cable is included NTP Client Synchronization Accuracy Network factors can limit NTP client synchronization accuracy to 5 2 ms typical Timestamping accuracy is maintained to less than 100 us while processing hundreds of NTP packets per second Supported Protocols SNTP NTP v2 v3 v4 and broadcast multicast mode MD5 authentication SSH server with secure copy utility SCP Open SSH version 3 4p1 SNMP v1 v2c v3 with Enterprise MIB MD5 authentication TIME and DAYTIME server TELNET client server FTP client DHCP client Power e 85 270 VAC 47 63 Hz 5 A Max 120 VAC 25 A Max 240 VAC e 110 370 VDC 0 5A Max 120 VDC e 3 Pin IEC 320 on rear panel 2 meter line cord is included DC Power option e 40 60 Vdc 1 5A maximum e 3 position term
11. function until the oscillator frequency finally reaches one of the actual DAC endpoints The unit should be returned to the factory for oscillator replacement at the customer s convenience This fault indicates that the GPS antenna cable is either shorted or open circuit Check all antenna connections and cable integrity if this fault should occur This fault indicates that the GPS timing subsystem is not receiving polling request from the NTP subsystem This could be due to a hardware or software failure If the condition persists after cycling the power to the unit this is a fatal fault and the unit should be returned to the factory for repair This display provides the ability to view and modify the network settings The parameters include Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol DHCP IP address gateway and netmask settings Enable DHCP to allow automatic system configuration of the network interface When DHCP is disabled the user must provide address information DHCP Disabled Gateway 192 168 1 241 IP addr 192 168 1 245 Netmask 255 255 255 248 43 Tempus Gntp User s Manual ENDRUN TECHNOLOGIES NTP Menu The NTP Menu provides access to the NTP Status and NTP Setup displays described below NTP Status This display provides information associated with the NTP subsystem NTP STATUS Source GPS Offset 0 0000007 sec Stratum 1 Leap Ind None Source The synchronization source is named here For the Tempu
12. in edit displays or through help lines in help displays In all other displays this key has a secondary function where it will operate like the ENTER key to select menu items UP arrow Scroll through parameter values in edit displays or through help lines in help displays In all other displays this key has a secondary function where it will operate like the BACK key to return to the previous display Display and Keypad Operation The display is organized like the inverted tree structure shown below Time Status Display Main Menu Receiver Clock Display Faults Network NTP Firmware About Display System Intensity Fault Program Contact ScreenSavel Status Revision Information Network Address Setup Receiver Menu Clock Menu Status Ref Pos GPS Mode Osc Stat Time Mode Loc Offset Hrs Disp DST NTP Menu Status Setup GPS __ Reference GPS Oscillator Hours Daylight NTP Broadcast Receiver Position Dynamic Status Display Savings Operation Multicast Status Mode Format Setup Status Setup Traversing the Display Structure After power initialization the welcome message will appear Press any key to go to the Time Status display which is described under the heading Detailed Display Descriptions From the Time Status display press ENTER or DOWN arrow to go to the Main Menu As illustrated in the diagram above several status and setup disp
13. integer 1 It is highly recommended that authentication be used if you are using NTP in broadcast multicast mode Otherwise clients may easily be spoofed by a fake NTP server You can specify an MD5 key number that the Tempus Gntp will use in its broadcast multicast packets The clients on your network must be configured to use the same key Would you like to specify an MD5 key number to use with broadcast mode y es n o y Enter the MD5 key number to use 1 65534 2 He e He He ke He He He e e He ke He He ke He He He KEK ke He He He He KKK KKK ke ke KEKE KKK k k k k k k k k k k k k k k k k k k k k k k k kkk kkk kkk kkk kkk He ke He He ke ke He ke e He He ke ke ke ke e ke ke ke ke ke ke ke ke k k k k k k k k k k k k k k k k k k k k k kkk kkk kkk kkk kkk kkk kkkkkkkkkkkkkkkk The Tempus Gntp Network Time Protocol configuration has been updated Please re boot now for the changes to take effect He e ke He He He He He e He He ke He He ke He He He He He ke ke He He He He ke e He He He ke ke ke ke ke ke k k k k k k k k k k k k k k k k k k k k k k k kk kk kkk kkk kkk kkk kkk He e He He He Fe He ke e He He He He He ke e He He He He He ke He He He He He He He He He ke ke ke e ke ke ke ke ke ke ke k k k k k k k k k k k k k k k k k k k k k k kkk kkk kkk kkk kkk Tempus Gntp User s Manual 20 ENDRUN TECHNOLOGIES Setting Up NTP Clients on Unbclike Platforms uccessfully completed the Basic Installation procedu
14. is lt 1 ms time error is lt 10 ms DD oNu A time error is gt 10 ms unsynchronized state if never been locked to GPS In all cases the Tempus Gntp reports this value as accurately as possible even during periods of GPS signal outage where the Tempus Gntp is unable to directly measure the relationship of its timing outputs to UTC During these GPS outage periods assuming that the Tempus Gntp had been synchronized prior to the outage the Tempus Gntp extrapolates the expected drift of the Tempus Gntp timing signals based on its knowl edge of the characteristics of the internal Temperature Compensated Crystal Oscillator TCXO Oven Controlled Crystal Oscillator OCXO or Rubidium oscillator The extrapolated TFOM is based on a conservative estimate of the performance of the os cillator and should be considered worst case for a typical benign ambient temperature environment Due to this extrapolation behavior after initial synchronization brief periods without GPS satellite visibility will not induce an immediate alarm condition Removal of the antenna to simulate this will induce an immediate alarm however If the condition persists for long enough periods you should see the TFOM character change to indicate 87 Tempus Gntp User s Manual ENDRUN TECHNOLOGIES a gradually deteriorating accuracy of the timing outputs If the signal loss condition persists longer then the final unsynchronized state will eventually be reach
15. is available for all platforms for the most precise applications the Unix like operating systems are best supported Main Features Performance The Tempus Gntp provides high performance and reliability RS and combined with low power consumption and cost Its internal sub assemblies are fabricated using state of the art components and processes and ate integrated in a solid high quality chassis Flexibility It supports a variety of TCP IP network protocols compatible with a variety of platforms and operating systems Easy Installation Its standard 1U high 19 rack mountable chassis and rooftop or window mounted antenna make installation simpler compared to competing products that require rooftop installation of the antenna The rack mount chassis may be mounted in any convenient location Connect it to your network via the rear panel mounted 10 100Base T RJ 45 connector and plug in the AC power cord Initial network configuration is automatic on networks using the Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol DHCP Manual network configuration is via the RS 232 serial I O port and a simple Linux shell script Free FLASH Firmware and configurable hardware parameters ate stored in Upgrades non volatile FLASH memory so the Pr cis Gntp can be eas ily upgraded in the field using FTP and TELNET or the local RS 232 serial I O port Secure upgrades are possible via SSH and SCP We make all firmware upgrades to our Pr cis products available to ou
16. ke e e He ke ke ke ke ke ke He ke ke ke ke e ke ke ke ke ke k k k k k k k k k k k k k k k k k k k k kkk k kkk kkk kkk kkk kkk kkkkkkkkkkkk kkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkk Verify Network Configuration If you have made changes to your network configuration using netconfig you should shutdown the Tempus Gntp and re boot it There are two ways to do this 1 Cycle power to the Tempus Gntp 2 Issue the shutdown with re boot command at the shell prompt Tempus Gntp gt shutdown r now If you are using the RS 232 serial I O port to communicate with the Tempus Gntp you will be able to see the kernel generated boot messages when the unit re boots You should note the line Configuring ethO as 192 168 1 245 if you have set up a static IP address or this line Attempting to configure eth0 by contacting a DHCP server if you ate using DHCP It appears near the end of the kernel generated boot mes sages If you ate using DHCP and ate not using the RS 232 serial I O port you will have to check the DHCP configuration information maintained by your DHCP server to de termine the expected IP address and log in to the Tempus Gntp using telnet or ssh to verify successful DHCP configuration Refer to the subsequent topics in this section Using Telnet and Using SSH for details on logging in to the Tempus Gntp that way Once you have logged in you may perform the following checks If you are
17. last line is the standard Tempus Gntp shell prompt The Tempus Gntp uses the ash shell which is a reduced functionality bash compatible shell After configuring the unit you should change the passwords using the gntppasswd command issued from the shell prompt Issuing exit will close the ssh session Configuring the Network Time Protocol Now that the network has been configured and tested you may configure the operation of the NTP server By default the Tempus Gntp is configured to respond to NTP requests from clients that may or may not be using MD5 authentication If the clients are using MD5 authentication they must be configured properly with the same MD5 authentication keys as the Tempus Gntp If you need to modify the factory default Tempus Gntp MD5 keys recommended or set up broadcast multicast operation then you will need to re configure the NTP subsystem If you would like to configure your server for multicast operation configure it as you would for broadcast operation with the exception that you must enter this specific NTP multicast address 224 0 1 1 when you are prompted to enter the broadcast address Tempus Gntp User s Manual 18 ENDRUN TECHNOLOGIES You may perform the configuration from either a telnet or ssh session the front panel keypad or the local RS 232 console Configuring NTP Using the Front Panel Keypad To configure NTP using the front panel keypad go to the Main Menu display Press the RIGHT
18. of the two configured us ers on the system rootand gutpuser Arguments passed to gntppasswd on the command line are passed verbatim to the real passwd binary program When passwd returns the resulting modified 7c shadow file is copied to the non volatile boot ete directory Usage Query gntppasswd gntpuser Tempus Gntp response Passwd interactive utility is started gntprootfs This command displays the currently booted root file system image It can be either Tempus Gntp User s Manual 50 ENDRUN TECHNOLOGIES TempusGntp_0 factory image or TempusGntp_1 field upgrade image Refer to Ap pendix B Upgrading the Firmware for detailed instructions for performing the upgrade procedure Usage Query gntprootfs Tempus Gntp response BOOT_IMAGE TempusGntp_1 gntpstat This command allows the user to query the status of the NTP subsystem It retrieves information from the NTP distribution ntpq binary using the peers command to deter mine the current synchronization status of the NTP subsystem It then retrieves the last line in the logfile var og praecisO monitor controlled by the NTP daemon reference clock driver that communicates with the GPS timing subsystem This logfile is updated every 16 seconds under normal operation It parses and formats the data contained therein and prints this fixed length generally grossly unsynchronized states could cause the floating offset field to overflow momentarily string havi
19. send notifications traps Other aspects of the agent s Tempus Gntp User s Manual 76 ENDRUN TECHNOLOGIES operation are also configurable in this file but you should not need to modify those To use the SNMPv3 capabilities of the Tempus Gntp you must first set up user informa tion and access limits for those users in ef snmpd conf Uncomment and edit these two lines to define your v3 users and their access parameters rwuser root priv 1 rouser ntpuser auth 1 3 6 1 4 1 13827 The first line defines a SNMPv3 read write user root whose minimum security level will be authenticated and encrypted for privacy choices are noauth auth and priv and who will have read write access to the entire so 1 branch of the SMI object tree The second line defines a SNMPv3 read only user fpuser whose minimum security level will be authenticated but not encrypted and who will have read only access to the entire 150 1 0rg 3 dod 6 internet 1 private 4 enterprises 1 endRun TechnologesMIB 13827 branch of the SMI object tree After adding the user lines to etc snmpd conf copy it to the boot etc directory using cp p The second file is located on the non volatile FLASH disk and is used by the SNMP agent to store persistent data that may be dynamic in nature This may include the values of the MIB II variables sysLocation sysContact and sysName as well as any con figured SNMPy3 user crypto keys In order to use SNMPv3 you must conf
20. storage area This should not ever occur under normal operation This fault would cause erratic operation at the next power cycling since important parameters could be corrupt The unit should be returned to the factory for repair FPGA FPGA Config Fault This bit indicates that the microprocessor was unable to configure the FPGA This would be a fatal fault and the unit should be returned to the factory for repair SIG No Signal Time Out This bit indicates that the unit has not been able to acquire a GPS signal for one hour while the Time Figure of Merit has been 9 the unsynchronized condition Tempus Gntp User s Manual 42 ENDRUN TECHNOLOGIES DAC Control Over Range ANT Antenna Cable POLL No Polling Events Network This could be due to a variety of reasons If there are no other faults that could explain the inability to recetve a signal then there could be a antenna blockage If the condition persists indefinitely the unit may need to be returned to the factory for repair This bit indicates that the electronic frequency control DAC for the oscillator has reached either the high 55000 or low 10000 limit while locked to the GPS signal Unless the unit is being subjected to out of specification environmental conditions this would indicate that the oscillator frequency has drifted near to the end of life region This should normally only occur after about ten years of operation The unit will continue to
21. the fault status which displays the current summary status of the GPS timing subsystem The summary status is contained in sixteen bits which are displayed in four hexadecimal characters Assertion of any of these bits will also be indicated by illumination of the red LED Each bit of each character indicates the status of a subsystem compo nent ce Faul ault Time Ou Over Range Events DAC Control Over Range This bit indicates that the electronic frequency control DAC for the oscillator has reached either the high 55000 or low 10000 limit while locked to the GPS signal Unless the unit is being subjected to out of specification environmental conditions this would indicate that the oscillator frequency has drifted near to the end of life region This should normally only occur after about ten years of operation The unit will continue to function until the oscillator frequency finally reaches one of the actual DAC endpoints The unit should be returned to the factory for os cillator replacement at the customer s convenience 55 Tempus Gntp User s Manual No Signal Time Out FPGA Config Fault FLASH Write Fault No Polling Events Antenna Fault ENDRUN TECHNOLOGIES This bit indicates that the unit has not been able to ac quire a GPS signal for one hour while the Time Figure of Merit has been 9 the unsynchronized condition This could be due to a variety of reasons If there are no other faults that could explain
22. the front panel keypad is quite simple After the unit has powered on press the ENTER key once or twice until you see a display called Main Menu Now press the RIGHT arrow key until the Network selection is highlighted Press ENTER again You will see the IP address gateway and netmask settings displayed here Press the EDIT key to modify these settings The sequence of edit displays will guide you through the setup process Press the HELP key at any time 9 Tempus Gntp User s Manual ENDRUN TECHNOLOGIES to view context sensitive help information When you are finished the unit will reset Skip to the section called Check Network Operation later in this chapter to continue with the basic installation procedures Configuring Ethernet with the Serial Port To configure your ethernet interface with the serial port after logging in as the root user you must run a simple shell script called netconfig from the ash shell prompt This shell script will prompt you for the needed information and perform some syntax checking on your inputs Then it will create or modify the appropriate files needed to configure the ethernet interface The following sections will guide you in setting up communications with the Tempus Gntp using its RS 232 serial I O port Connect the RS 232 Serial I O Port You will need to use the RS 232 serial I O port if your network does not support the Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol DHCP In that case you must b
23. this technique For those users EndRun Technologies technical support will be happy to assist you We are familiar with the procedure and can convert your street address and 79 Tempus Gntp User s Manual ENDRUN TECHNOLOGIES zipcode information to the proper WGS 84 coordinates for you The following pro vides the necessary background information needed to interpret the geodetic database and then describes the procedure Geodesy Geodesy is the science of mathematically describing the earth s surface To do this a model or geodetic datum is used to fit the shape of the earth These models are flattened spheres called ed ipsoids The earth s shape is accurately modeled using such an ellipsoid with the equator being a circle around the fattest part and with the north and south poles corresponding to the compressed top and bottom of the ellipsoid Some of these models ate intended only for localized regions of the earth s surface The GPS uses a model that is called the WGS 84 ellipsoid It is intended to model the entire earth and is currently the best global model available What these ellipsoids are actually attempting to approximate is the geord The geoid is a gravitationally equipotential surface surrounding the earth that is everywhere perpen dicular to the gravitational field and approximates the surface of the oceans The height of the surface of the geoid relative to the surface of the WGS 84 ellipsoid is called the geoid h
24. this could be used scp p gpsupgrade bin root gntp your domain tmp Tempus Gntp User s Manual 70 ENDRUN TECHNOLOGIES Now issue the following command to the Tempus Gntp GPS engine to initiate the upload echo e upload r gt dev ttyS0O This command tells the Tempus Gntp GPS engine to enter the waiting for download mode Now issue this command to start the transfer of the binary file using the XMO DEM protocol lsz Xk gpsupgrade bin lt dev ttyS0O gt dev ttySO 2 gt amp 1 After issuing this command you will have to wait for about one minute for the transfer to complete before the prompt will be re displayed There will be no diagnostic error messages displayed if the upload is successful Following a successful upload you will see the front panel ALARM and LOCK LEDs go through the start up sequence After about one minute you should query the GPS firmware version using the com mand gpsversion The new version information should be displayed Problems with the GPS Upgrade Should you have difficulties with the upgrade due to a corrupt file power failure dur ing upload or other accident do not be alarmed Even though you may have lost the existing application program the Tempus Gntp GPS engine boot loader program will remain intact On boot up it will check to see if a valid application program is in the FLASH memory If there is not it will immediately go into the waiting for download mod
25. through a straight port on your hub Do not connect it to a crossover port on your hub By factory default the Tempus Gntp will attempt to configure the ethernet interface au tomatically via the Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol DHCP The Tempus Gntp will attempt to set the netmask its IP address the IP address of the default gateway the domain name and the IP addresses of any nameservers if the DHCP server is config ured to provide them You may optionally configure the Tempus Gntp to also set its hostname via DHCP if your DHCP server is configured to provide it You can do this by running a simple shell script called netconfig after your unit is up on the network If your network does use DHCP for host configuration and you are in a hurry to get yout Tempus Gntp up and running you may procede to Verifying Network Configuration to make sure that the network parameters were set up correctly Otherwise it is recom mended that you read the following sections on use of the RS 232 serial I O port now since they will help you in debugging any problems that you may encounter with the automatic configuration via DHCP If your network does not use DHCP you will need to configure your ethernet interface using either the front panel keypad or the RS 232 serial I O port The following sec tions contain brief descriptions on how to do that Configuring Ethernet with the Front Panel Keypad Configuring your ethernet interface with
26. 47 Network 192 168 1 240 Your Tempus Gntp s current IP address full hostname and base hostname 192 168 1 245 gntp your domain gntp DOMAIN NAMESERVER S address setting Will your Tempus Gntp be accessing a nameserver y les n o y Set the IP address of the primary name server to use for domain your domain Enter primary name server IP address aaa bbb ccc ddd 192 168 1 1 Will your Tempus Gntp be accessing a secondary nameserver y Jes n o y Set the IP address of the secondary name server to use for domain your domain Enter secondary name server IP address aaa bbb ccc ddd 192 168 1 2 Setting up TCP IP Creating etc HOSTNAME Creating etc re d rc inetl Creating etc networks Creating etc hosts Creating etc resolv conf Tempus Gntp User s Manual 14 ENDRUN TECHNOLOGIES He e ke He He He He He ke e He ke ke ke ke ke ke He KKK KKK KEKE k k k k k k k k k k k k k k k k k k k k k k k k kkk kk kkk kkk kkk kkk kkkkkkkkkk He e e He He He He He e e He He He He ke e He He He ke He ke He He He He ke e ke He ke ke ke ke ke k k k k k k k k k k k k k k k k k k k k k k k k kkk kkk kkk kkk kkk kkk kk The Tempus Gntp network configuration has been updated Please re boot now for the changes to take effect OF He e He He He He He ke e e He ke ke ke ke e He He ke ke ke ke e He He ke ke ke ke ke ke k ke k k k k k k k k k k k k k k k k k k k kkk kk kkk kkk kkk kkk kkkkkkkkkk He e e He He He He
27. 50 JT9450 The horizontal coordinates were scaled from a topographic map and have JT9450 an estimated accuracy of 6 seconds JT9450 JT9450 The orthometric height was determined by differential leveling JT9450 and adjusted by the National Geodetic Survey in June 1991 JT9450 JT9450 The geoid height was determined by GEOID99 JT9450 JT9450 The dynamic height is computed by dividing the NAVD 88 JT9450 geopotential number by the normal gravity value computed on the JT9450 Geodetic Reference System of 1980 GRS 80 ellipsoid at 45 JT9450 degrees latitude g 980 6199 gals JT9450 JT9450 The modeled gravity was interpolated from observed gravity values JT9450 JT9450 North East Units Estimated Accuracy JT9450 SPC CA 2 586 710 1 936 830 MT 180 meters Scaled JT9450 JT9450 SUPERSEDED SURVEY CONTROL JT9450 JT9450 NGVD 29 46 412 m 152 27 ADJUSTED 12 JT9450 JT9450 Superseded values are not recommended for survey control JT9450 NGS no longer adjusts projects to the NAD 27 or NGVD 29 datums JT9450 See file dsdata txt to determine how the superseded data were derived JT9450 JT9450 MARKER DB BENCH MARK DISK JT9450 SETTING 38 ABUTMENT JT9450 STAMPING B 1397 1987 Tempus Gntp User s Manual 82 ENDRUN TECHNOLOGIES JT9450 MARK LOGO NGS JT9450_ STABILITY B PROBABLY HOLD POSITION ELEVATION WELL JT9450 JT9450 HISTORY Date Condition Report By JT9450 HISTORY 1987 MONUMENTED NGS JT9450 JT94
28. 50 STATION DESCRIPTION JT9450 JT9450 DESCRIBED BY NATIONAL GEODETIC SURVEY 1987 JT9450 IN SANTA ROSA JT9450 IN SANTA ROSA AT THE INTERSECTION OF U S HIGHWAY 101 AND STATE JT9450 HIGHWAY 12 SET VERTICALLY IN THE SOUTH FACE OF THE NORTH CONCRETE JT9450 ABUTMENT OF THE SOUTHBOUND U S HIGHWAY OVERPASS OF THE STATE JT9450 HIGHWAY 6 7 M 22 0 FT WEST OF THE CENTER OF THE SOUTHBOUND LANES JT9450 OF THE U S HIGHWAY 5 6 M 18 4 FT NORTH OF THE CENTERLINE OF THE JT9450 WESTBOUND LANES OF THE STATE HIGHWAY AND 0 3 M 1 0 FT EAST OF THE JT9450 WEST END OF THE ABUTMENT JT9450 THE MARK IS 1 4 M ABOVE A SIDEWALK retrieval complete Elapsed Time 00 00 01 The height data for this benchmark was not obtained via GPS and so does not directly contain height above the ellipsoid but we can obtain that information by adding the orthometric height 47 27 meters to the geoid height 31 28 meters In this case the ellipsoid height of the benchmark is 15 99 meters This benchmark is 4 miles from the EndRun Technologies facility The GPS antenna at the facility is located on the rooftop of a three story office building which would place it about 15 meters above the street level If we add 15 meters to the benchmark height we estimate the antenna height at 30 99 meters The GPS receiver actually reports a WGS 84 height of 32 meters which gives remark ably close agreement In general you should not expect results that a
29. After issuing the command ntpq you will see the ntpq command prompt ntpq gt Use the command Tempus Gntp User s Manual 22 ENDRUN TECHNOLOGIES peers to display the NTP peers which your computer is using One of them should be the Tempus Gntp server which you have just configured You should verify that it is being reached You may have to continue issuing the peers command for a minute or two before you will see the reach count increment If you have other peers configured verify that the offset information for the Tempus Gntp server peer and your other peers is in agreement to within a few milliseconds assuming that the other peers are synchro nized to that level of accuracy It may also be useful to start the NTP daemon in debug mode ntpd d to confirm successful configuration Refer to the NTP documentation for detailed usage of these debug utilities MD5 Authenticated NTP Client Setup MD5 authenticated setup is relatively simple if e You have been able to successfully communicate with the Tempus Gntp on your network e Your Tempus Gntp has been configured to perform authentication either by factory default or by running the ntpconfig shell script The example Tempus Gntp authentication configuration shown in Chapter 2 Configuring the Network Time Protocol will be assumed in the example configuration commands shown here e You have installed NTP on your client computer e You have succ
30. ES NTP BROADCAST MULTICAST Disabled NTP BROADCAST MODE Enabled Address 124 101 02 001 Trusted key 1 This display provides the user with a convenient means of checking the current configuration and allows limited setup You may also perform a more complete broadcast multicast configuration via a telnet or ssh session or the local RS 232 console using the ntpconfig utility This utility provides a more secure means of setup and so is more complete It will allow you to select keys and identify trusted keys This display will indicate that the unit is either in broadcast multicast or disabled It allows either broadcast or multicast configuration with selection of the broadcast address multicast time to live TTL and trusted key for MD5 authentication The broadcast multicast configuration may also be disabled Broadcast Mode In this mode the broadcast address is displayed If MD5 authentication is selected the trusted key number will also be display Multicast Mode The multicast address must be 224 0 1 1 The TTL value is the number of router hops that multicast traffic is permitted to pass through before expiring on the network Multicast may also use MD5 authentication If selected the trusted key number will also be displayed Press EDIT to change the broadcast multicast settings Each of the edit windows has help information available to guide you through the setup process Note that changing the NTP multicast bro
31. Gntp User s Manual ENDRUN TECHNOLOGIES Supplementary Compliance Data e Safety EN 60950 1992 A1 A2 1993 A3 1995 A4 1997 A11 1998 e EMC EN 55024 1998 EN61000 3 2 1995 w A1 amp A2 98 EN61000 3 3 1995 w A1 98 EN55022 1998 w A1 00 Class A VCCI April 2000 Class A CISPR 22 1997 Class A FCC Part 15 Subpart B Section 15 109 Class A ICES 003 Class A ANSI C63 4 1992 AS NZS 3548 w A1 amp A2 97 Class A Tempus Gntp User s Manual 92
32. LP at any time to read the context sensitive help messages Most Help messages have much more information than can be viewed within the two line display Use UP and DOWN to scroll through the help message Press the HELP key a second time to exit Help or press BACK HELP Time Status Display Time mode formats UTC GPS or local LOC AM PM Receiver status definitions Acquire Searching for signal Detect Signal detected Detailed Display Descriptions Time Status The Time Status display provides all the information necessary to determine that the instrument is working correctly 37 Tempus Gntp User s Manual ENDRUN TECHNOLOGIES 12 i 45 U Jul 15 2003 Receiver Locked z 7 i c Stratum 1 Sys Stat OK Time of Day The large numeric digits shown on the left side of the display indicate the current time of day Time Mode The indicator next to the time digits identifies the time mode as being UTC GPS or LOC for local time If the user selects local time in the 12 hour mode an AM or PM indicator will appear instead of LOC Date Current month day and year Stratum The stratum field has three possible values Stratum 1 The server is fully synchronized and accurate Stratum 11 The server is synchronized to its local CPU clock with undependable accuracy NTP clients will not use a Stratum 11 server Stratum 16 The server is unsynchronized NTP clients will not use a Stratum 16 server Receiver
33. P peers which your computer is using One of them should be the Tempus Gntp server which you have just configured You should verify that it is being reached You may have to continue issuing the peers command for a minute or two before you will see the reach count increment Tempus Gntp User s Manual 32 ENDRUN TECHNOLOGIES If you ate using authentication you can verify that authentication is being used by issu ing the command associations to display the characteristics of the client server associations In the auth column of the display you should see OK for the row corresponding to the Tempus Gntp server If you see bad you should wait a few minutes to be sure that there is a prob lem since bad is the initial state of this setting If the bad indication persists then you must check your configuration for errors Typically this is due to a typing error in creating the etc ntp keys file on the client that causes a mismatch between the keys being used by the server and client If you transfer the file by ftp or sep this shouldn t be a problem It is also possible to have a typing error in the e ntp conf file that causes the needed key to not be included in the trustedkey list 33 Tempus Gntp User s Manual ENDRUN TECHNOLOGIES Tempus Gntp User s Manual 34 ENDRUN TECHNOLOGIES Front Panel Keypad and Display of a graphic vacuum fluorescent display VFD and keypad
34. Status GPS receiver status as follows Acquire Searching for a signal Locking Locking to the PN Code spread spectrum of cartier Locked Synchronized to signal System Status Indicates either OK or flashing FAULT A fault status indicates that one ot more of the built in fault checking processes has detected an error condition See Faults section for more information Main Menu Press ENTER from the Time Status display to select the Main Menu display The Main Menu provides access to the following items Recetver Menu Clock Menu Display Faults Network NTP Menu Firmware and About To select one of these items use the RIGHT and LEFT keys to highlight it Then push ENTER to select the highlighted item These displays are described in detail below Tempus Gntp User s Manual 38 ENDRUN TECHNOLOGIES Main Menu Receiver Clock Receiver Menu The Receiver Menu provides access to the receiver status and oscillator status displays described below These are status displays only and cannot be edited Receiver Status This display provides information associated with the operation of the GPS receiver Press DOWN to scroll through all the information GPS RECEIVER STATUS Rcvr State Locked Carrier Noise 34 5 Satellite ID 25 03 11 14 23 31 25 28 Receiver State This shows the current state of the GPS receiver subsystem The state may be acquire locking or locked When locked the GPS receiver is sy
35. Timing End Run TECHNOLO GIES Tempus Gntp Network Time Server User s Manual Tempus Gntp Network Time Server User s Manual EndRun Technologies 1360 North Dutton Avenue 200 Santa Rosa California USA 95401 Phone 707 573 8633 Fax 707 573 8619 Preface Thank you for purchasing the Tempus Gntp Network Time Server Our goal in developing this product is to bring precise Universal Coordinated Time UTC into your network quickly easily and reliably Your new Tempus Gntp is fabricated using the highest quality materials and manufacturing processes available today and will give you years of troublefree service About EndRun Technologies EndRun Technologies is dedicated to the development and refinement of the technologies required to fulfill the demanding needs of the time and frequency community Our innovative engineering staff with decades of experience in the research and development of receiver technology for the Global Positioning System GPS has created our window mount GPS antenna and extended hold over oscillator control algorithms The instruments produced by EndRun Technologies have been selected as the timing reference for such rigorous applications as computer synchronization research institutions aerospace network quality of service monitoring satellite base stations and calibration laboratories EndRun Technologies is committed to fulfilling the needs of our customers by providing the most advanced rel
36. adcast settings does not take effect until the system reboots The new parameters are loaded to the ntp conf file in the boot etc directory Only the broadcast line in the ntp conf file is modified The final display in the edit sequence requires confirmation of your intent to change the instrument settings Once confirmation takes place the instrument will reboot Firmware The Firmware display provides version information for the application software running on the GPS subsystem and the NTP subsystem Linux OS Use UP and DOWN to toggle between the two information windows 45 Tempus Gntp User s Manual ENDRUN TECHNOLOGIES About The About display provides contact information about EndRun Technologies The website and toll free phone number are listed Shortcut Menu The Shortcut Menu allows the user quick access to particular displays from the Time Status display The displays available through the Shortcut Menu are the Receiver Status display the Faults display and the NTP Status display While viewing the Time Status display press ENTER for one second to select the Shortcut Menu Tempus Gntp User s Manual 46 ENDRUN TECHNOLOGIES Control and Status Commands dition to a subset of the standard Linux shell commands utilities the Tem pus Gntp supports several application specific commands for performing initialization setup and for monitoring the performance and status of the NTP and GPS subsystems The standard Linux c
37. ame of the destination host for recetving the traps generated by the Tempus Gntp By default the trap will be sent to port 162 You may optionally add another parameter trapport to the end of the above line to override the default port setting Otherwise leave it blank Note Though the agent will recognize multiple trapsink lines within et snmpd conf and send the generic SNMP coldStart or authenticationFailure traps to each destination the enterprise trap generation mechanism of the Tempus Gntp will only send a trap to the last declared trapsink in the file 75 Tempus Gntp User s Manual ENDRUN TECHNOLOGIES Configuring SNMPv2c Notifications and Informs To have your Tempus Gntp send SNMPv2c notifications SMIv2 RFC 2578 or in forms you must configure the communities and destinations by uncommenting and editing one or both of these lines in et snmpd conf trap2sink XXX XXX XXX XXX trap2community trap2port informsink XXX XXX XXX XXX informcommunity informport whete trap2community and informcommunity should be replaced by your communi ties and xxx xxx xxx xxx is the IP address or hostname of the destination host for receiving the notifications or informs generated by the Tempus Gntp By default the v2c trap or inform will be sent to port 162 You may optionally add another parameter trap2port Of informport to the ends of the above lines to override the default port setting Otherwise leave it blank Note Though the agent wi
38. arrow key until the NTP selection is highlighted Press ENTER again Press the RIGHT arrow key to highlight Setup and press ENTER From this display you can configure broadcast multicast mode You can also select previously configured MD5 authentication keys from this display However to configure new keys you will need to run ntpconfig Configuring NTP Using the Network Interface or Serial Port The following is a transcript of the question and answer configuration utility provided by ntpconfig The user entered parameters are underlined Tempus Gntp gt ntpconfig He e He He He He He He e He He He He He He He He He KEK He He He He He KEKE KEKE KEK He He ke ke ke KEKE k k ke k k KE k k k k k k k k k k k k k k k k kkk kkk kkk kkk kkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkNetwork Time Protocol Configuration RRR KKK dedd k k kk k k F e e e e e e e e ke e ke e e ke ke e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e he KK KKK He He He He e e KKK e H H H RRR ke k k k kk kk kk kkk kkk kkk kkk k This script will allow you to configure the ntp conf and ntp keys files that control Tempus Gntp NTP daemon operation You will be able to create new MD5 authentication keys which are stored in the ntp keys file You will be able to update the authentication related commands in the ntp conf file You will be able to configure the broadcast mode of operation with or without authentication If you supply the multicast address instead of your network broadcast addre
39. atus information to the console epstrkstat rints the satellite tracking status to the console epsversion rints the rmware and A version information to the console inetdconfig Interactive shell script list of protocol servers which are started by the inetd server daemon running in the Tempus Gntp rints the front panel keypad lockout status Locks out access to the front panel keypad EDIT key netconfig Interactive shell script that allows the user to configure the I tea network subsystem of the Tempus Gntp ntpconfig Interactive shell script that guides the user in configuring the Tempus Gntp NTP subsystem Allows configuration of MD5 authentication and broadcast multicast mode All parameters are retained in non volatile FLASH disk storage setepsdynmode Allows the user to set the dynamic mode of operation of the eee GPS subsystem It may be ON or OFF setepsrefpos Interactive shell script that prompts the user for an accurate reference position performs syntax and argument validity checking then passes the position to the GPS subsystem updatelilo S 1 be run to update l LILO so that it will boot a new root file system image gntpenableupgrade must have been previously executed in order to run this command Detailed Command Descriptions accessconfig This command starts an interactive shell script that will allow the root user to configure limitation of telnet ssh and snmp access to the Tempus Gntp By default the unit is co
40. ave other peers configured verify that the offset information for the Tempus Gntp server peer and your other peers is in agreement to within a few milliseconds assuming that the other peers are synchro nized to that level of accuracy It may also be useful to start the NTP daemon in debug mode ntpd d to confirm successful configuration The debug version of the NTP daemon is located in the debug sub directory of your NTP directory Refer to the NTP documentation for detailed us age of these debug utilities MD5 Authenticated NTP Client Setup MD5 authenticated setup is relatively simple if e You have been able to successfully communicate with the Tempus Gntp on your network e Your Tempus Gntp has been configured to perform authentication either by factory default or by running the ntpconfig shell script The example Tempus Gntp authentication configuration shown in Chapter 2 Configuring the Network Time Protocol will be assumed in the example configuration commands shown here e You have installed NTP on your client computer e You have successfully performed the Basie NIP Client Setup on your client com puter Create the ntp keys file You must create a file named n p keys in the winnt system32 drivers ete directory It must be a copy of the one residing in the ec directory of your Tempus Gntp You can telnet into your Tempus Gntp and start an ftp session with your client computer to send the Tempus Gntp etc
41. avings Time DST These displays are all described below Time Mode Time mode defines the time format used for the front panel time display and if installed the optional time code output The time mode does not affect the NTP output which is always UTC Possible values for the time mode are GPS UTC and local time GPS time is derived from the GPS satellite system UTC is GPS time minus the current leap second correction Local time is UTC plus local offset and Daylight Savings Time DST The local offset and daylight savings time displays are described below Local Offset Local offset is used in calculating the current local time when the time mode is set to local see time mode above Press the EDIT key to change the value by pressing Enter a negative offset for time zones west of Greenwich and a positive offset for time zones to the east If enabled DST will add an additional hour Hours Display The hours display format affects the front panel time display and is active only when the time mode is set to local time Hours display selections are either 12 hour format 1 12 hours with AM PM indicator or 24 hour format 0 23 hours 41 Tempus Gntp User s Manual ENDRUN TECHNOLOGIES Daylight Savings Time DST DST is used in calculating the current local time when the time mode is set to local When the time mode is local this display will allow the user to enable or disable DST by pressing EDIT If DST is disabled then any prev
42. clearly identified on the shipping container After the equipment has been received we will evaluate the nature of the problem and contact you with the cost to repair parts and labor and an estimate of the time necessary to complete the work Limitation of Liability The remedies provided herein are Buyer s sole and exclusive remedies EndRun Technologies shall not be liable for any direct indirect special incidental or consequential damages whether based on contract tort or any other legal theory Table of Contents Introduction GPS Timing How it Works Where to Use It Main Features Basic lati 5 Tempus Gntp Physical Description Installing the Tempus Gntp Mount the Tempus Gntp 8 Connecting DC Power option 9 Connecting and Configuring Ethernet 9 Configuring Ethernet with the Front Panel Keypad 9 Configuring Ethernet with the Serial Port 10 Connect the RS 232 Serial I O Port 10 Test the Serial Port 10 Using netconfig to Set Up Your IP 13 Verify Network Configuration 15 Check Network Operation 16 Using Telnet 17 Using SSH 18 Configuring the Network Time Protocol 18 Configuring NTP Using the Front Panel Keypad 19 Configuring NTP Using the Network Interface or Serial Port 19 Basic NTP Client Setup 22 Configure NTP 22 MD5 Authenticated NTP Client Setup 23 Create the ntp keys file 23 Configure NTP 24 Broadcast Multicast NTP Client Setup 25 Configure NTP 25 Basic NTP Client Setup 28 Configure NTP 28 MD5 Authenticated NTP C
43. d on the portable OpenSSH version 3 4p1 for Linux As such it supports both SSH1 and SSH2 protocol versions For more information about this protocol and to obtain client software refer to the OpenSSH website openssh co An excellent book which describes operation and configuration of the various SSH implementations including OpenSSH is available from O Reilley amp Associates SSH The Secure Shell Barrett amp Silverman O Reilley amp Associates 2001 In the interest of conserving scarce system memory resources only the secure shell server daemon sshd and the secure copy utility sep are implemented in the Tempus Gntp This means that users on remote hosts may log in to the Tempus Gntp via an ssh client but users logged in on the Tempus Gntp are unable to log in to a remote host via ssh Since scp runs in concert with an ssh client the same limitations exist for its use i e users on remote hosts may transfer files to and from the Tempus Gntp via sep over ssh but users logged in on the Tempus Gntp are unable to transfer files to and from a remote host via sep over ssh The factory configuration contains a complete set of security keys for both SSH1 and SSH2 versions of the protocol RSA keys are supported by both versions and DSA keys are supported when using the SSH2 version In addition the Tempus Gntp is factory configured with a set of public keys for pass wordless public key authentication of the root user To use th
44. de coordinates you 81 Tempus Gntp User s Manual ENDRUN TECHNOLOGIES previously determined Other vertical control point datasheets will give only the ortho metric height which is the height above the geoid Fortunately the height of the geoid above the WGS 84 ellipsoid is also contained in the datasheet So to obtain the height above the ellipsoid you must add the orthometric height and the geoid height together Make any adjustments to the height that might be necessary if the antenna is installed in a high rise building Armed with coordinates in the NAD 83 datum you can input them to the Tempus Gntp via the setgpsrefpos command The following is a sample datasheet for a benchmark that is near the EndRun Technolo gies facility in downtown Santa Rosa CA DATABASE Sybase PROGRAM datasheet VERSION 6 57 al National Geodetic Survey Retrieval Date JANUARY 23 2002 JT9450 kkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkk JT9450 DESIGNATION B 1397 JT9450 PID JT9450 JT9450 STATE COUNTY CA SONOMA JT9450 USGS QUAD SANTA ROSA 1994 JT9450 JT9450 CURRENT SURVEY CONTROL JT9450 JT9450 NAD 83 1986 38 26 44 N 122 43 25 W SCALED JT9450 NAVD 88 47 270 meters 155 09 feet ADJUSTED JT9450 JT9450 GEOID HEIGHT 31 28 meters GEOID99 JT9450 DYNAMIC HT 47 241 meters 154 99 feet COMP JT9450 MODELED GRAV 980 011 6 mgal NAVD 88 JT9450 JT9450 VERT ORDER FIRST CLASS II JT94
45. e You may verify this by issuing this command cat lt dev ttySoO You should now see the C character being received every three seconds This is the character that the Tempus Gntp GPS engine boot loader sends to indicate to the XMO DEM utility that it is wating for a download You may now re try the upload procedure assuming that you have corrected any original problem with the binary file First kill the cat command by typing CTRL C You should see a command prompt Now issue this command to start the transfer of the binary file using the XMODEM protocol lsz Xk gpsupgrade bin lt dev ttyS0O gt dev ttySO 2 gt amp 1 71 Tempus Gntp User s Manual ENDRUN TECHNOLOGIES Tempus Gntp User s Manual 72 ENDRUN TECHNOLOGIES Appendix Simple Network Management Protocol SNMP version 4 2 5 implementation of a SNMP agent snmpd and a SNMP notification trap generation utility snmptrap It supports all versions of the protocol in use today SNMPv1 the original Internet standard SNMPv2c never reached standard status often called community SNMP and SNMPv3 the latest Internet standard Jour Tempus Gntp includes the University of California at Davis UCD The UCD SNMP project has its roots in the Carnegie Mellon University SNMP implementation For more detailed information about the UCD SNMP project and to obtain management software and detailed configuration information you can visit this website A
46. e needed key to not be included in the trustedkey list Broadcast Multicast NTP Client Setup Broadcast multicast client setup is relatively simple if You have been able to successfully communicate with the Tempus Gntp on your network Your Tempus Gntp has been configured to perform broadcasts or multicasts via the front panel keypad or by running the ntpconfig shell script This is not the factory default configuration so be sure to run ntpeonfig If you are go ing to use MD5 authentication your Tempus Gntp must have been configured to operate with authentication in the broadcast multicast mode and you must know which of the trusted keys it is using for broadcast multicast operation The example Tempus Gntp configuration shown in Chapter 2 Configuring the Network Time Protocol will be assumed in the example configuration commands shown here You have installed NTP on your client computer You have successfully performed the MD5 Authenticated NTP Client Setup on yout client computer if you plan to use MD5 authentication Configure NTP You must edit the p conf file which ntpd the NTP daemon looks for by default in the the ete directory Assuming that your Tempus Gntp server has been configured to use key 2 for broadcast authentication as shown in the example in chapter 2 make sure that key 2 is included in the trustedkey line and add this line to the end of the p conf file broadcastclient If you are not usi
47. e able to configure the Tempus Gntp network parameters manually using the Linux console shell interface which is provided by this serial I O port Under certain conditions you may also need to use the RS 232 serial I O port if you encounter a problem while upgrading the firmware in your Tempus Gntp To test serial communications with the Tempus Gntp you will need either a VT 100 compatible terminal or a terminal emulation pro gram running on your computer We will refer to either of these as terminal for the remainder of this instruction 1 Disconnect power from the Tempus Gntp 2 Connect one end of the DB9F to DB9F null modem adapter cable to the serial I O jack on the Tempus Gntp 3 Connect the other end of the DB9F to DB9F null modem adapter cable to the terminal If the serial I O port on your terminal does not have a DB9M con nector you may need to use an adapter Refer to Chapter 6 RS 232 Serial I O Port Signal Definitions for details on the signal wiring If you are using a computer for your terminal remember which port you are using because you will need to know that in order to set up your terminal software Test the Serial Port You must configure your terminal to use the serial I O port you used in Connect the RS 232 Serial I O Port You must also configure your terminal to use the correct baud rate number of data bits parity type and number of stop bits Be sure to turn off any hardware or software handshaking Th
48. e attribute set so that even root cannot inadver tently delete it or overwrite it When performing an upgrade you will be copying the new image to the partition that will be mounted on roo fs_1 67 Tempus Gntp User s Manual ENDRUN TECHNOLOGIES Some browsers will automatically unzip the gzip file when downloading from the website Please make sure that the gzip file is less than 3M in size before proceeding Upgrading the partition with a too large file size can cause setious problems and the unit may have to be returned to the factory for repair To perform the upgrade log in as the roof user to the Tempus Gntp using the local con sole serial I O port telnet or ssh and perform these operations First enable the upgrade partition by issuing this command at the shell prompt gntpenableupgrade This command will mount the FLASH disk root file system partitions Now change the working directory to the upgrade partition cd rootfs 1 Now remove any previously installed root file system image that may be on the upgrade partition rm rootfs_1 gz If you are using ftp to perform the upgrade transfer the previously downloaded file using binary transfer mode from the remote host to the working directory rooffs_7 us ing FTP substitute the name of the root file system image that you are installing for rootfsupgrade ge ftp remote_host perform ftp login on remote host bin set transfer mode to binary get rootfsupgrade
49. e settings for the Tempus Gntp are Q 19200 is the Baud Rate Tempus Gntp User s Manual 10 ENDRUN TECHNOLOGIES Q 8is the number of Data Bits Q None is the Parity a 1is the number of Stop Bits After configuring these parameters in your terminal apply power to the Tempus Gntp After about 20 seconds your terminal should display a sequence of boot messages similar to these LILO Low memory 0262 Kb boot These three lines are the Linux Loader LILO boot prompt This prompt will timeout after 5 seconds and the Linux kernel and the factory default Tempus Gntp root file sys tem will be loaded When the Linux kernel is loaded from the FLASH disk into RAM a long list of kernel generated informational messages is displayed as the kernel begins execution and the various device drivers are initialized Loading TempusGntp_1 cee cee eens Linux version 2 2 13 DOC root endrunl gcc version egcs 2 91 66 19990314 Linux egcs 1 1 2 release 14 Fri Jun 21 10 53 55 PDT 2002 Calibrating delay loop 52 63 BogoMIPS Memory 28288k 32768k available 580k kernel code 440k reserved 532k data 32k init Checking if this processor honours the WP bit even in supervisor mode Ok CPU Cyrix Cx486DX2 Checking 386 387 coupling OK FPU using exception 16 error reporting Checking hilt instruction OK POSIX conformance testing by UNIFIX PCI PCI BIOS revision 2 10 entry at 0xfb180 PCI Probing PCI hardware Lin
50. eated using this datum Procedure Access a mapping database of which there are several on the Internet that will convert a street address and zipcode to latitude and longitude In general the datum for the lati tude and longitude will not be WGS 84 In the United States it will likely be NAD 27 If so you must convert this to NAD 83 using a utility called NADCON that is freely downloadable from the NGS NOAA website NAD 83 is sufficiently close to WGS 84 that we can use coordinates from either geodetic datum interchangeably Having the horizontal position coordinates you now need to determine a height above the WGS 84 ellipsoid for your location To do that you need to find a survey bench mark near your location and make the assumption that its height is close to your street height From the same NGS NOAA website you can obtain a list of survey bench marks that ate within a user specified radius of the NAD 83 latitude and longitude coordinates you previously determined Of these some are vertical control points meaning that they have height data as well as latitude and longitude data You can select one or several of these that are closest to your location and download the datasheets for those benchmarks Some of these vertical control point datasheets are based on GPS survey measurements and contain the height above the NAD 83 ellipsoid information If so then you can use that height directly along with the NAD 83 latitude and longitu
51. ectrum All of this means that during normal operation the source of si veut pis the timing information being transmitted from each of the ee the satellites is directly traceable to UTC Due to the nature of the timing information GPS spread spectrum Code Division Multiple Access CDMA modulation scheme this timing information may be extracted by a well designed receiver with a precision of a few nanoseconds The GPS time and frequency engine in the Tempus Gntp does just that Where to Use It GPS is globally Since signals from the GPS satellites are available at all locations available on the globe you may deploy the Tempus Gntp virtually any where However you must be able to install an antenna either on the rooftop or in a window so that satellite transmissions may be received at least several times during the day Once synchronized the Tempus Gntp can maintain acceptable network synchronization accuracy for about a day without GPS reception by flywheel ing on its standard temperature compensated crystal oscillator Tempus Gntp User s Manual 2 ENDRUN TECHNOLOGIES Just about any Because the Tempus Gntp has been designed to operate in con computer network junction with existing public domain NIP SNTP client software using TCP IP can ee use the Tempus that has been created for use with similar time servers it may be Gntp used in any computer network environment that is using TCP IP protocols Although client software
52. ed If the Tempus Gntp is unable to achieve re synchronization within one hour after reaching this state the red LED will illuminate The fault status field returned in either of the gpsstat of gntpstat commands will have the appropriate bit set to indicate a loss of signal time out condition If the GPS subsystem reaches the unsynchronized TFOM state the NTP daemon will cease to use the timing information returned by the GPS subsystem in its polling event timestamps At this point the NTP daemon will report in its replies to network NTP clients that are recetving synchronization from the Tempus Gntp that it is running at stratum 11 NTP clients will recognize that and cease to use the unsynchronized server Tempus Gntp User s Manual 88 ENDRUN TECHNOLOGIES Appendix Specifications GPS Receiver e L1 Band 1575 42 MHz e 8 Channels C A Code Antenna e Integral 35 dB gain LNA with dual bandpass filters for out of band interference rejection e Rugged all weather housing capable of operation over 40 C to 85 C temperature extremes e Mounting via 18 long 4 PVC pipe with stainless steel clamps 50 low loss RG 59 downlead cable standard Other lengths optional Local Oscillator TCXO OCXO or Rubidium options Time to Lock lt 5 minutes typical Display Brilliant 16x280 dot matrix vacuum fluorescent Keypad Enter Back Edit Right Left Up Down Help Network I O rear panel RJ 45 jack 10 100Base T
53. eed to set up static IP configuration you must run this script as roof from the RS 232 serial I O port during the installation process Refer to Chapter 2 Using netconfig to Set Up Your IP for details on the use of the command This script creates or modifies these files etc HOSTNAME etc hosts etc networks ete resol conf and etc rc d rcinett All of these are non volatilely stored in the FLASH disk boot ete directory You must re boot the Tempus Gntp after running this script for the changes to take effect Usage Set netconfig Tempus Gntp response Interactive shell script is started ntpconfig This command starts an interactive shell script that will allow the user to configure the NTP subsystem of the Tempus Gntp By default the unit is configured to authenticate its replies to clients using its default MD5 keys in the etc ntp keys file If you need to create your own MD5 keys recommended or set up broadcast multicast operation you must run this script as root Refer to Chapter 2 Configuring the Network Time Protocol for details on the use of this command The two files that are modified are e ntp keys and etc ntp conf Both of these are non volatilely stored in the FLASH disk boot ete directory You must re boot the Tempus Gntp after running this script for the changes to take effect Tempus Gntp User s Manual 58 ENDRUN TECHNOLOGIES Usage Set ntpconfig Tempus Gntp response Interacti
54. eight ot separation and has been determined by literally millions of gravitational measurements performed over its entire surface Due to variations in the distribution of mass concentration of the earth the geoid height varies over a range of about 100 meters The simplicity of the ellipsoid model cannot describe these fluctuations so the precise survey quality description of the geoid height is contained in a very large data base This database can be accessed via a utility called GEOID99 that is freely available from the NGS NOAA website Over most of North America the geoid height is nega tive which means that it lies below the surface of the WGS 84 ellipsoid The height above the ellipsoid of a point P is called the ellipsoidal height of P The height above the geoid of a point P is called the orthometric height H The orthometric height is also commonly known as the height above mean sea level The geoid height at point P is referred to as N 4 H and N are related using this equation 4 H N A wealth of information on this subject as well as conversion programs and databases ate available at the National Geodetic Survey National Oceanic and Atmospheric Ad ministration and the National Imagery and Mapping Agency formerly the Defense Mapping Agency websites ngs noaa go http 164 214 2 59 GandG pubs hti Tempus Gntp User s Manual 80 ENDRUN TECHNOLOGIES WGS 384 Positions Internally GPS receivers perform all of thei
55. equired to connect Tempus Gntp User s Manual 6 ENDRUN TECHNOLOGIES this port to another computer 10 100Base T Jack This RJ 45 connector mates with the ethernet twisted pair cable from the network AC Power Input Jack This IEC 320 standard three prong connector pro vides AC power DC Power Input Block This optional 3 position terminal block provides con nection to the DC power source and replaces the AC power input jack 9 elske 48 V 1 5A Performing an Initial Site Survey Using the status LED indicators it s easy to find out if your Tempus Gntp will work in your desired location 1 Screw the BNC plug on the end of the antenna cable onto the BNC antenna input jack on the chassis rear panel of the Tempus Gntp 2 Plug one end of the supplied AC power cord into an 85 270 VAC outlet 3 Plug the other end into the AC input connector on the chassis rear panel of the Tempus Gntp After power is applied the front panel display will remain blank for approximately 60 seconds while the Tempus Cntp is initializing Place the antenna in a window or for best performance mount it on the roof using the supplied mounting hardware Make sure that it is not blocked by large metallic objects closer than one meter Although the antenna should normally be installed in a vertical orientation for rooftop installations when window mounting it should be pointed out the window in the direction that gives the best
56. er to Chapter 6 RS 232 Serial I O Port Signal Definitions for the signal connections for the Tempus Gntp You must use a null modem cable or adapter if you ate connecting the Tempus Gntp to another computer or other equipment configured as Data Terminal Equipment DTE The supplied cable is a null modem cable Once you have successfully established communications with the Tempus Gntp you may procede to configuring the network parameters Then you can communicate with the Tempus Gntp over the network using telnet or ssh and synchronize your network computers to UTC using NTP Using netconfig to Set Up Your IP The following is a sample transcript which illustrates the use of netconfig The entries made by the user are underlined and are provided purely for illustrative purposes You must provide equivalent entries that are specific to your network Those shown here are appropriate for a typical network that does not use DHCP Start the configuration process by typing netconfig at the shell prompt Tempus Gntp gt netconfig kkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkxk kkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkk Tempus Gntp Network Configuration eeek ke dedede k k k kk k k POOO E E E E k k k k kkk kk kk kkk k kkk kkk k k This script will configure the TCP IP network parameters for your Tempus Gntp You will be able to reconfigure your system at any time by typing netconfig FF 13 Tempus Gntp Use
57. es the needed background information and procedures for determining an acceptably accurate GPS reference position in the proper World Geodetic Survey of 1984 WGS 84 geodetic datum Refer to the Geodesy and WGS 84 Positions sec tions of this appendix for details on some of the jargon contained herein Jour Tempus Gntp is capable of operation from either an automatically deter Obtaining Reference Positions If you need to provide an accurate lt 100 meter error reference position to your Tem pus Gntp because you are using a window mounted antenna with inadequate satellite visibility there are two good ways to do it 1 use a handheld GPS receiver to obtain a position near the location of your Tempus Gntp antenna or 2 reference a geodetic database to obtain a position for your street address The first way is the easiest and probably the best Using a Handheld GPS Receiver Obtain an inexpensive handheld GPS receiver Use it outside of the building to deter mine a position that is within 100 meters of the installed Tempus Gntp antenna Make sure that the handheld GPS receiver is configured to report its positions in the WGS 84 datum Record the position and then make any adjustments to the height that might be necessary if the antenna is installed in a high rise building Input it to the Tempus Gntp via the setgpsrefpos command Using Geodetic Databases Many users will not feel confident in determining their own reference position via
58. essfully performed the Basie NTP Client Setup on your client com puter Create the ntp keys file You must create a file named n p keys in the ef directory It must be a copy of the one residing in the ef directory of your Tempus Gntp You can telnet into your Tempus Gntp and start an ftp session with your client computer to send the Tempus Gntp s ete ntp Reys file to your client computer use the secure copy utility sep or you can just use a text editor on your client computer to create an equivalent file Handling of the e c nip keys file is the weak link in the MD5 authentication scheme It is very important that it is owned by root and not readable by anyone other than root 23 Tempus Gntp User s Manual ENDRUN TECHNOLOGIES After transferring the file by tp and placing it in the e directory on the client com puter issue these two commands at the shell prompt chown root root etc ntp keys chmod 600 etc ntp keys Configure NTP You must edit the 7p conf file which ntpd the NTP daemon looks for by default in the ete directory Assuming that you have created two trusted keys as shown in the example in the previous chapter add these lines to the end of the w p conf file keys etc ntp keys trustedkey 1 2 Modify the line added previously in Basie NIP Chent Setup so that authentication will be used with the Tempus Gntp server using one of the trusted keys in this case key 1 server 192 168 1 245 key 1
59. f file which ntpd exe the NTP daemon looks for by default in the the winnA system32 drivers ete directory Assuming that your Tempus Gntp server has been configured to use key 2 for broadcast authentication as shown in the example in chapter 2 make sure that key 2 is included in the trustedkey line and add this line to the end of the m p conf file broadcastclient If you are not using MD5 authentication you would add these lines disable auth broadcastclient If you are using multicast instead of broadcast mode you would replace the broadcastclient keyword with the multicastclient keyword You may remove the line added previously in Basic NTP Chent Setup server 192 168 1 245 ot the authenticated version added in MD5 Authenticated NIP Client Setup server 192 168 1 245 key 1 Re start ntpd exe to have it begin using the Tempus Gntp as a broadcast or multicast server By default the NTP installation program installs ntpd exe as a service called Network Time Protocol and starts it You must use the Services utility in Control Panel to stop the Network Time Protocol service and then re start it Use the NTP utility ntpq exe to check that ntpd exe is able to communicate with the Tempus Gntp By default it is installed in the Program Files Network Time Protocol sub directory of your Windows NT partition After issuing the command ntpq you will see the ntpq command prompt ntpq gt Use the command peers to display the NT
60. f you are unable to achieve GPS lock after trying all of these suggestions then your Tempus Gntp may be damaged and should be returned to the factory for repair or ex change Installing the Tempus Gntp Mount the Tempus Gntp Using standard 19 rack mounting hardware mount the unit in the desired location After mounting the unit and connecting the antenna cable verify that it still acquires and tracks a GPS signal Ground the unit properly with the supplied power cord Position the power cord so that you can easily disconnect it from the Tempus Gntp Do not install the Tempus Gntp where the operating ambient temperature might exceed 122 F 50 C Tempus Gntp User s Manual 8 ENDRUN TECHNOLOGIES Connecting DC Power option Connect the safety ground terminal to earth ground Connect the terminal to the positive output of the DC power source Connect the terminal to the negative output of the DC power source Note that the Tempus Cntp has a floating internal power supply therefore either the positive or negative output of the DC power source can be referenced to earth ground Reverse connection at and power terminals can cause severe damage to power supply Connecting and Configuring Ethernet Connect one end of the CAT 5 patch cable supplied with your Tempus Gntp to the rear panel mounted RJ 45 connector labeled 10 100BASE T Connect the other end of the patch cable to your network
61. from our website All such downloads are freely available to our customers without charge After you have downloaded the ap propriate FLASH binary image file from the EndRun Technologies website you are Ps EndRun Technologies will make bug fixes and enhancements to our ready to perform the upgrade to your Tempus Gntp The firmware consists of two FLASH binary image files One of these is the firmware for the Tempus Gntp itself This firmware executes on the IBM compatible single board computer and contains the embedded Linux operating system and NTP specific application software The other file is the firmware for the GPS time and frequency subsystem This firmware executes in the Tempus Gntp GPS time and frequency en gine Fach of these files may be upgraded independently What You Need To Perform the Upgrade You will need to use ftp or scp to transfer the FLASH binary image file s to the Tem pus Gntp This means that you must place the previously downloaded file s in a place on your network which is accessible to the Tempus Gntp Performing the Tempus Gntp Upgrade There are two FLASH disk partitions which hold the compressed root file system im ages These are normally unmounted When an upgrade is to be performed they are mounted at rooffs_O and rootfs_1 The factory shipped image is always stored in the first of these partitions as reoffs_0 roots XX gz Where X_XX is the factory shipped version It is stored with the immutabl
62. gz transfer the file quit close the ftp session after the transfer If you are using ssh you may open another command window on the remote computer and securely transfer the root file system image using sep from the remote computer A command like this could be used scp p rootfsupgrade gz root gntp your domain rootfs 1 Now you must leave the roo fs_7 directory in order to execute the updatelilo com mand and complete the upgrade cd root Update the LILO configuration by executing this shell script substitute the name of the Tempus Gntp User s Manual 68 ENDRUN TECHNOLOGIES root file system image that your are installing for rooffsupgrade gz boot updatelilo 1 rootfsupgrade gz You should see these lines displayed if the update is successful Added TempusGntp_0 Added TempusGntp_1 Unmounting root file system partitions now Run gntpenableupgrade again to remount them should you need to re run updatelilo The trailing asterisk following the second line indicates that the LILO configuration file is set to default to the new TempusGntp_1 root file system that you just installed on root s_1 Now reboot the system by issuing this command at the shell prompt shutdown r now Wait about 30 seconds for the system to shutdown and re boot Then log in to the Tem pus Gntp using telnet or ssh If all has gone well you should be able to log in the usual way After you have entered your password the system message wi
63. h the GPS Upgrade 71 imple Network Management P l L SNMPv3 Security 73 Enterprise Management Information Base MIB 74 Invocation of the SNMP daemon 74 Quick Start Configuration SNMPv1 v2c 75 Configuring SNMPv1 Trap Generation 75 Configuring SNMPv2c Notifications and Informs 76 Configuration of SNMPv3 76 PS Reference Position L Obtaining Reference Positions 79 Using a Handheld GPS Receiver 79 Using Geodetic Databases 79 Geodesy 80 WGS 84 Positions 81 Procedure 81 Lithium Battery Replacement dime Fi f Merit TFOM L Specifications 8D ENDRUN TECHNOLOGIES Chapter Introduction that can be connected via a 10 100Base T ethernet port to any TCP IP net work In its most basic operation it sends Network Time Protocol NTP Simple Network Time Protocol SNTP reply packets in response to NIP SNTP request packets which it has received from clients The timestamps it sends in its NTP SNTP reply packets are accurate to less than one hundred microseconds NTP SNTP client software is available for virtually all operating systems T Tempus Gntp is a precision server of Universal Coordinated Time UTC The Tempus Gntp is composed of a Praecis Gntp Global Positioning System GPS time and frequency engine an IBM PC compatible single board computer with fanless convection cooled 133 MHz CPU with integral ethernet interface a graphic vacuum fluorescent display a keypad and a power supply Non volatile storage of the embed ded Linux o
64. he n p conf file which ntpd exe the NTP daemon looks for by default in the the winnt system32 drivers ete directory of the boot partition If your NTP instal lation placed this file in a different place you must find it and edit it Add this line to the n p conf file server 192 168 1 245 This line tells ntpd exe to use the NTP server at address 192 168 1 245 in addition to any other servers which might also be configured in the m p conf file Re start ntpd exe to have it begin using the Tempus Gntp server By default the NTP installation program installs ntpd exe as a service called Network Time Protocol and starts it You must use the Services utility in Control Panel to stop the Network Time Protocol service and then re start it Use the NTP utility ntpq exe to check that ntpd exe is able to communicate with the Tempus Gntp By default it is installed in the Program Files Network Time Protocol sub directory of your Windows NT partition From a console window after issuing the command Tempus Gntp User s Manual 28 ENDRUN TECHNOLOGIES ntpq you will see the ntpq command prompt ntpq gt Use the command peers to display the NTP peers which your computer is using One of them should be the Tempus Gntp server which you have just configured You should verify that it is being reached You may have to continue issuing the peers command for a minute or two before you will see the reach count increment If you h
65. here North South East West degrees minutes and seconds Elevation is shown in meters With a roof top antenna installation that has an unobscured view of the sky the instrument will determine position automatically Once determined the position information is saved in non volatile FLASH and will be restored after a power outage After position has been determined the instrument can achieve time lock with only one satellite In some situations visibility of the sky is limited and the unit may not be able to determine its position In this case the user must determine an accurate WGS 84 position by other means and input it either through the serial interface or via the front panel In addition to loading a new accurate reference position the user can also invalidate an existing one by setting the position source to unknown This will force the instrument to re establish a new reference position using the GPS satellite constellation Push the EDIT key to start the process First select the reference position source Unknown Selecting unknown will cause the CALCULATE NEW POSITION AVERAGE confirmation display to appear Select YES The front panel will return to the GPS Reference Position display This action will force the unit to re establish a new reference position Once the receiver has computed a new accurate reference position the position source will change from unknown to average Source Selecting user w
66. iable and cost effective time and frequency equipment available in the market today About this manual This manual will guide you through simple installation and set up procedures Introduction The Tempus Gntp how it works where to use it its main features Basic Installation How to connect configure and test your Tempus Gntp with your network Client Set Up Two sections one for Unix like platforms and one for Windows NT 2000 If you detect any inaccuracies or omissions please inform us EndRun Technologies cannot be held responsible for any technical or typographical errors and reserves the right to make changes to the product and manuals without prior notice Trademark acknowledgements IBM PC Linux NotePad Timeserv UNIX Windows NT WordStar are registered trademarks of the respective holders Tempus Gntp Usert s Manual Revision 2 Part No USM3012 0000 000 Sept 2003 Copyright EndRun Technologies 2003 Warranty This product manufactured by EndRun Technologies is warranted against defects in material and workmanship for a period of two years from date of shipment under normal use and service During the warranty period EndRun Technologies will repair or replace products which prove to be defective For warranty service or repair this product must be returned to EndRun Technologies Buyer shall prepay shipping charges to EndRun Technologies and EndRun Technologies shall pay shipping charges to retu
67. ific hosts The resulting efc hosts allow and etc hosts deny files ate saved to the non volatile FLASH disk Factory default configuration allows access by all hosts Enables a firmware upgrade by mounting the FLASH dis partitions that hold compressed root file system images Prints the ethernet hardware address if the ethernet has been figured users on the Tempus Gntp gntpuser and root This script calls the standard Linux passwd binary and then saves the resulting e shadow file to the non volatile FLASH disk e current root file system image ei default or 1 field upgrade which is running in the Tempus Gntp to the console e output of ntpq c peers to obtain peer status of the NTP GPS reference clock It also retrieves the current reference clock polling status data and prints it to the console timecode output or optional front panel vacuum fluorescent display Interactive shell script the time mode settings for any optional timecode output or front panel vacuum fluorescent display Allows setting to the LOCAL GPS or UTC timescale and if LOCAL the setting of the offset to UTC and the Daylight Savings Time DST start and stop date time parameters tints the Tempus Gntp application software version infor mation to the console tints the dynamic mode currently in effect to the console Tempus Gntp User s Manual 48 ENDRUN TECHNOLOGIES rints the reference position to the console gpsstat rints the subsystem st
68. igure user keys in this file for each SNMPv3 user that you have set up in etc snmpa conf To do this you must add lines to boot ucd snimp snmpd conf like these for each user createUser root MDS endrun_1 DES endrun_1 createUser ntpuser SHA Tempus0 The first line will cause the agent snmpd to create a user root who may be authenticated via Message Digest Algorithm 5 MD5 with password endrun_1 and may use the Data Encryption Standard DES to encrypt the session data with passphrase endrun_1 The second line will cause a user tpuser to be created who may be authenticated using the Secure Hash Algorithm SHA with password Tempus_0 Passwords and passphrases must have a minimum of 8 characters or you will not be able to be authenticated You must kill the snmpd process prior to editing boot ucd snimp snmpd conf Otherwise the secret key creation may not complete properly Issue the command ps e to have the operating system display the list of running processes Look for the PID of the snmpd process and issue the kill command to stop it For example if the PID listed for the snmpd process is 53 then you would issue this command kill 53 You can verify that the process was terminated by re issuing the ps e command 77 Tempus Gntp User s Manual ENDRUN TECHNOLOGIES After re booting the agent will read the boot ucd snmp snmpd conf configuration file and compute secret key s for each of the users and delete the createUser li
69. ill allow you to enter a position It is very important that the new reference position be accurate Refer to Appendix D for detailed instructions on how to obtain an accurate reference position for your location Tempus Gntp User s Manual 40 ENDRUN TECHNOLOGIES GPS Dynamic Mode The GPS dynamic mode setting affects the position value used by the system to derive accurate time synchronization Set the mode to static when the instrument is in a static installation Set the mode to dynamic if the instrument is installed on a moving platform such as a ship or aircraft Oscillator Status This display provides the oscillator time base status and type The oscillator control setting DAC value indicates the frequency control setting The system automatically sets this value to remove frequency errors Values may range from 0 to 65 535 Values less than 10 000 or greater than 55 000 will set the DAC fault flag that will appear in the fault status display The Time Status display will also indicate a fault condition The oscillator type indicates the oscillator that is installed Possible oscillator types are Temperature compensated crystal oscillator TCXO Medium stability oven oscillator MS OCXO High stability oven oscillator HS OCXO Rubidium oscillator Rb Clock Menu The Clock Menu provides access to the parameters related to timekeeping These are Time Mode Local Offset Hours Format Leap Seconds and Daylight S
70. inal block on rear panel DC IN SAFETY GROUND DC IN Floating power input Either or can be connected to earth ground Optional Timing Outputs rear panel BNC jacks e 1PPS 1 ms wide positive TTL pulse 50Q Accuracy lt 100 nanoseconds to UTC when locked Stability TDEV lt 50 ns T lt 10 seconds e Time Code 1 Vrms 50Q Format YRIG B122 Tempus Gntp User s Manual 90 ENDRUN TECHNOLOGIES Optional Frequency Output rear panel BNC jack e 10 MPPS TTL squarewave 50Q Accuracy lt 10 to UTC for 24 hour averaging times when locked Stability 10 10 ae C Leos aha ANEN S 10 L Allan Deviation 10 L 10 Tau TCXO DIP OCXO MS OCXO HS OCXO Rb Additional Optional Time Frequency Outputs rear panel BNC jacks e 10 MHz 1Vrms sinewave 50Q harmonics lt 45 dBc e 5MHz 1Vrms sinewave 50Q harmonics lt 45 dBc e 1MHz 1Vrms sinewave 50Q harmonics lt 45 dBc e 5MPPS TTL squarewave 50Q e 1MPPS TTL squarewave 50Q e Time Code TTL IRIG B022 DC shift TTL 50Q Size e Chassis 1 75 H x 17 0 W x 10 75 D e Antenna 3 5 Dia x 2 5 H Weight lt 5 Ib 2 70 kg Environmental e Temperature 0 to 50 C e Humidity 0 to 95 non condensing CE FCC Compliance RTTE Directive 99 5 EC Low Voltage Directive 73 23 EC EMC Directive 89 336 EC With Amendment 93 68 EC 91 Tempus
71. iously set start and stop times will be ignored If DST is enabled then the start and stop times can be set by pressing the arrow keys to scroll and then ENTER DST is active within the start stop interval and adds one hour to the local time If DST is active the display will show an active indicator Display This display contains parameters related to the functioning of the front panel vacuum fluorescent display There are two parameters an intensity setting and a screensaver setting The intensity setting allows you to set the brightness level of the vacuum fluorescent display Display intensity ranges from 12 to 100 The screensaver capability allows you to increase the usable life of the display beyond the rated 100 000 hours When the screensaver capability is enabled then the intensity will be reduced to half of its normal operating intensity when the unit has not detected a keypress for one hour Press EDIT to modify the intensity and screensaver settings Faults This display provides system fault information When a particular fault condition is asserted it will be followed by a flashing indicator Otherwise the fault condition is followed by an ok indicator The fault display and various fault conditions are described below FAULTS FLASH ok FPGA ok SIG ok DAC ok ANT ok POLL ok FLASH FLASH Write Fault This fault indicates that the microprocessor was unable to verify a write to the FLASH non volatile parameter
72. is capability the cor responding set of private keys for each of the two SSH versions are provided in the boot root directory of the Tempus Gntp Three files contain these keys identity SSH1 id_rsa SSH2 and id_dsa SSH2 These must be copied to the users ssh directory on their remote computer Be careful to maintain the proper ownership and access 65 Tempus Gntp User s Manual ENDRUN TECHNOLOGIES permissions by using ep p when copying the files They ust be readable only by root The corresponding public keys are by factory default resident in the root ssh directory of the Tempus Gntp Two files contain these keys authorized_keys SSH1 and autho rized_keys2 SSH2 Since the provided private keys are not passphrase protected the user should create a new set of keys after verifying operation with the factory default key sets After creat ing the new keys the public keys should be copied to the boot root ssh directory of the Tempus Gntp At boot time the Tempus Gntp will copy these to the actual root ssh directory of the system ramdisk thereby replacing the factory default set of public keys Advanced users wishing to modify the configuration of the sshd daemon should edit the etc sshd_config file and then copy it to the boot ete directory of the Tempus Gntp Be careful to maintain the proper ownership and access permissions by using ep p when copying the file At boot time it will be copied to the e direc
73. is the hour minute second subsecond UTC timestamp of the most recent NTP polling request recetved by by the GPS en gine from the NIP daemon reference clock driver LS is the current number of leap seconds difference between the UTC and GPS timescales 13 at the time of this writing Usage Query gntpstat Tempus Gntp response LOCKED TO GPS Offset 0 000024 TFOM 4 2001 092 06 03 10 904312858 13 gntptimemode This command displays the current time mode settings for any optional timecode out puts or the front panel vacuum fluorescent display The displayed Local Time Offset from UTC and the DST Start Stop parameters are only valid when the Time Mode is LOCAL A positive Local Time Offset implies a longitude east of the Greenwich me ridian and that local time is ahead of UTC Usage Query gntptimemode Tempus Gntp response Time Mode UTC Local Time Offset from UTC 16 half hours DST Start Month Apr Sunday Ist Hour 02 DST Stop Month Oct Sunday Last Hour 02 gntptimemodeconfig This command starts an interactive shell script that will allow the user to configure the time mode of operation of any optional timecode outputs or front panel vacuum fluo rescent display of the Tempus Gntp These settings have no effect on the operation of the NIP daemon or the underlying Linux operating system time These ALWAYS operate in UTC By default the unit is configured to operate in LOCAL mode with an offset to UTC
74. ition by gpsrefpos is set to DYN Usage Query gpsdynmode Tempus Gntp response OFF gpsrefpos This command displays the current GPS subsystem reference position The source of the position which is one of UNK unknown DYN dynamic USR user entered or AVG 24 hour average of GPS fixes is displayed first The WGS 84 latitude and lon gitude in degrees minutes seconds format and the height above the WGS 84 reference ellipsoid in meters follow Refer to Appendix D GPS Reference Position for details Usage Query gpsrefpos Tempus Gntp response CURRENT REFERENCE POSITION AVG N38d26m36 1s W122d42m56 5s 00032 meters 53 Tempus Gntp User s Manual ENDRUN TECHNOLOGIES gpsstat This command allows the user to query the status of the GPS timing subsystem Dur ing normal operation the NIP daemon polls the GPS timing subsystem every 16 seconds The results of this poll are used to steer the system clock and are saved to a log file This command parses and formats the data contained therein and prints this fixed length string having these fields LKSTAT TFOM YEAR DOY HH MM SS sssssssss LS LF S N VCDAC SN R FLTS Where LKSTAT is the tracking status of the engine either LOCKED or NOTLKD TFOM shows the Time Figure of Merit TFOM of the GPS engine s internal timebase may take values ranging from 6 to 9 time error is lt 1 us time error is lt 10 us time error is lt 100 us time error is lt 1 ms
75. lays are accessible from the Main Menu To traverse downward through the tree use the RIGHT and LEFT arrow keys to highlight a selection and then press ENTER To traverse back up the tree press BACK or UP arrow to return to the previous display Editing To modify a parameter traverse to the appropriate display and push EDIT This will cause the edit display to appear Within the edit display the modifiable parameter value is highlighted Use UP and DOWN to scroll through all the possible parameter values When editing a sequence of numbers use LEFT and RIGHT to select other digits When the parameter is correct press ENTER to load the new value All entered values Tempus Gntp User s Manual 36 ENDRUN TECHNOLOGIES are stored in non volatile FLASH and restored after a power cycle If you wish to abort the edit process press BACK This operation returns you to the previous display and the parameter will remain unchanged Keypad EDIT Lockout As a security feature the Network Administrator can disable all editing processes done through the front panel keypad This action should be performed to prevent unauthorized modification of the instrument The lockout feature will prevent editing only the displays are always available for viewing When the EDIT key has been disabled the following message will display whenever a user attempts to edit a parameter FRONT PANEL KEYPAD DISABLED See Network Administrator Using Help Press HE
76. le response indicates that there has been a period without tracking a GPS signal that exceeded the time out period that there was a FLASH Write Fault and that there is an Antenna Fault Tempus Gntp User s Manual 56 ENDRUN TECHNOLOGIES Usage Query i gpsstat Tempus Gntp response LOCKED TFOM 4 2001 092 04 48 56 347916732 13 13 2 7 28605 41 6 008A gpstrkstat This command displays the current GPS subsystem satellite tracking status A list of eight satellite numbers is displayed one for each receiver channel Satellite number 0 is an invalid number and indicates that no satellite is being tracked on that channel Valid satellite numbers range from 1 to 32 Usage Query gpstrkstat Tempus Gntp response CURRENT SVs TRKD 08 11 13 22 31 00 00 00 gpsversion This command displays the firmware and hardware versions of the GPS subsystem Usage Query gpsversion Tempus Gntp response F W 2 00 FPGA 06 inetdconfig This command starts an interactive shell script that will allow the user to configure the list of protocol servers which are started by the inetd server daemon running in the Tempus Gntp Four protocol servers may be configured TIME DAYTIME TEL NET and SSH By default the unit is configured to start all of these protocol servers If you need to disable start up of some or all of these e g for security reasons you must run this script as roof from either the RS 232 serial I O port or from a telne
77. lient Setup 29 Create the ntp keys file 29 Configure NTP 30 Broadcast Multicast NTP Client Setup 31 Configure NTP 32 Eront Panel Keypad and Display DS Display Description 35 Keypad Description 35 Display and Keypad Operation 36 Traversing the Display Structure 36 Editing 36 Keypad EDIT Lockout 37 Using Help 37 Detailed Display Descriptions 37 Time Status 37 Main Menu 38 Receiver Status 39 Reference Position 40 GPS Dynamic Mode 41 Clock Menu 41 Time Mode 41 Local Offset 41 Hours Display 41 Daylight Savings Time DST 42 Display 42 Network 43 NTP Menu 44 NTP Status 44 NTP Setup 44 Firmware 45 About 46 Shortcut Menu 46 ntrolan mman 47 General Linux Shell Operation 47 Available User Commands 48 Detailed Command Descriptions 49 accessconfig 49 gntpenableupgrade 50 gntphwaddr 50 gntposctype 50 gntppasswd 50 gntprootfs 50 gntpstat 51 gntptimemode 52 gntptimemodeconfig 52 gntpversion 53 gpsdynmode 53 gpsrefpos 53 gpsstat 54 gpstrkstat 57 gpsversion 57 inetdconfig 57 kplockstat 57 lockoutkp 58 netconfig 58 ntpconfig 58 setgpsdynmode 59 setgpsrefpos 59 unlockkp 59 updatelilo 60 Null Modem Adapter Cable 61 Security oaaao Linux Operating System 63 OpenSSH 65 Network Time Protocol 66 Upgrading the Firmware 67 What You Need To Perform the Upgrade 67 Performing the Tempus Gntp Upgrade 67 Recovering from a Failed Upgrade 70 Performing the GPS Upgrade 70 Problems wit
78. ll If it is determined that your equipment will require service we will issue an RMA number You will be asked for contact information including your name address phone number and e mail address Ship the unit prepaid in the original container or a container of sufficient strength and protection to EndRun Technologies EndRun will not be responsible for damage incurred during shipping to us Be sure the RMA number is clearly identified on the shipping container Our policy is to fix or repair the unit within 5 business days If it is necessary to order parts or if other circumstances arise that require more than 5 days an EndRun service technician will contact you Repair After Warranty Expiration If the warranty period has expired we offer repair services for equipment you have purchased from EndRun Call and ask for a customer service agent It is important to contact us first as many problems may be resolved with a phone call Please have the serial number of the unit and the nature of the problem available before you call If it is determined that the equipment has failed and you want EndRun to perform the repairs we will issue you an RMA number Ship the unit prepaid in the original container or a container of sufficient strength and protection to EndRun Technologies EndRun will not be responsible for damage incurred during shipping to us Customer is responsible for shipping costs to and from EndRun Technologies Be sure the RMA number is
79. ll be displayed You should notice that it now indicates the software version and date of the upgrade that you previously downloaded You can also check this at any time by issuing gntpversion which will cause the system message to be re displayed You can also check to see which root file system image the system is currently booted under by issuing this command at the shell prompt gntprootfs Which should cause this to be printed to the console BOOT_IMAGE TempusGntp_1 If so and your unit seems to be operating normally you have successfully completed the upgrade If your unit does not boot up successfully and you are not able to telnet or ssh into the system after 30 seconds then there has been some kind of problem with the upgrade It is possible that the file downloaded was corrupt or that you forgot to set your FTP download file mode to binary when downloading the file either from the EndRun Technologies website or when transferring it to the Tempus Gntp 69 Tempus Gntp User s Manual ENDRUN TECHNOLOGIES Recovering from a Failed Upgrade To restore your Tempus Gntp to a bootable state using the factory root file system you must use the serial I O port and re boot the Tempus Gntp by cycling the power Re fer to Chapter 1 Connect the Serial I O Port and Test the Serial I O Port for setup details When you have connected your terminal to the serial I O port apply power to the Tempus Gntp Pay close attention to the te
80. ll recognize multiple trap2sink or informsink lines within ete snmpd conf and send the generic SNMP coldStart or authenticationFailure notifica tions and informs to each destination the enterprise notification inform generation mechanism of the Tempus Gntp will only send a notification to the last declared trap2sink and an inform to the last declared informsink in the file After editing efc snmpd conf you must copy it to the boot ete directory and re boot the system It is very important to retain the access mode for the file i e readable only by roof so be sure to use ep p when performing the copy During the boot process the files contained in the boot ete directory are copied to the working e7 directory on the system RAM disk In this way the factory defaults are over written Configuration of SNMPv3 If you are planning to use SNMPv3 you should definitely make use of the two re sources mentioned previously UCD SNMP website and Essential SNMP and study them carefully There are rather elaborate configuration options available when you are using v3 The instruction presented here will give you the flavor of the configuration but definitely not the full scope of possibilities To access your Tempus Gntp via v3 of SNMP you will have to configure two files ete snmpd conf boot ucd snmp snmpd conf The first file contains static configuration parameters that the agent uses to control ac cess and to determine where to
81. me to Tempus Gntp console on gntp your domain Tue Feb 20 2001 21 47 03 UTC kkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkk gntp login Here you may log in as gntpuser with password Praecis or as the root user with password endrun_1 When logged in as gntpuser you may check status informa tion and view log files but you will not be able to modify any system settings or view secure files In order to perform system setup procedures which includes configuring the IP network settings you must log in as the root user After correctly entering the password at this prompt Tempus Gntp User s Manual 12 ENDRUN TECHNOLOGIES password the sign on message is shown It identifies the host system as Tempus Gntp and shows the software part number version and build date Tempus Gntp 6010 0003 000 v 1 00 Wed May 9 14 17 44 UTC 2002 Tempus Gntp gt This last line is the standard Tempus Gntp shell prompt The Tempus Gntp uses the ash shell which is a reduced functionality bash compatible shell After configuring the unit you should change the passwords using the gntppasswd command issued from the shell prompt If you do not see characters displayed by your terminal program within 30 seconds after the unit is powered up you must troubleshoot your setup An incorrectly wired cable of incorrect port setting in your terminal emulation program are the most common problems Ref
82. n secure copy utility sep The UCD SNMP imple mentation of the Simple Network Management Protocol SNMP daemon snmpd conforms to the latest Internet standard known as SNMPv3 which also supports se cure user authentication and session privacy In addition the Network Time Protocol daemon ntpd supports client server authentication security measures to deter spoofing of NTP clients by rogue NTP servers This appendix describes these security measures and gives the advanced network administrator information that will allow custom con figuration to fit specific security needs Linux Operating System The embedded Linux operating system running in the Tempus Gntp is based on kernel version 2 2 13 and version 7 of the Slackware Linux distribution As such it supports a complete set of security provisions e System passwords are kept in an encrypted file e c shadow which is not accessible by users other than root e Direct root logins are only permitted on the local RS 232 console or via SSH e The secure copy utility sep eliminates the need to use the insecure ftp protocol for transferring program updates to the Tempus Gntp 63 Tempus Gntp User s Manual ENDRUN TECHNOLOGIES e Access via SNMP is configurable to provide the security of the latest version 3 Internet standard which supports both view based access control and user based security using modern encryption techniques Previous versions v1 and v2c sup ported access contr
83. n an ensemble GPS ti f tained b bie ae Hae of cesium beam time is maintained by an ensemble of high performance atomic frequency cesium beam atomic frequency standards located on the earth s standards surface GPS time is measured relative to UTC as maintained by the United States Naval Observatory USNO and maintained synchronous with UTC USNO except that it does not suffer from the periodic inser tion of hap seconds Such discontinuities would unnecessarily complicate the system s navigation mission Contained in the data transmitted from each satellite is the current offset between GPS time and UTC USNO This offset is composed of the current integer number of leap seconds difference and a small residual error that is typically less than 10 nanoseconds Each satellite Each satellite in the constellation contains redundant cesium eee beam or rubidium vapor atomic frequency standards These cesium beam or provide the timebase for all transmissions from each satellite rubidium vapor These transmissions ate monitored from ground stations located atomic frequency around the world and carefully measured relative to GPS time standards The results of these measurements for each satellite are then uploaded to that satellite so that they may be incorporated into the data contained in its transmissions The receiver can use this data to relate the time of arrival of the received transmissions from that satellite to GPS time Spread sp
84. n excellent book which describes operation and configuration of various SNMP managers and agents including the UCD SNMP implementations is available from O Reilley amp Associates Essential SNMP Mauro amp Schmidt O Reilley amp Associates 2001 If you are planning to operate with SNMPv3 it is highly recommended that you make use of both of these resources to familiarize yourself with the agent configuration con cepts SNMPv3 Security Prior to SNMPv3 SNMP had definite security inadequacies due to using two commu nity names in a manner analogous to passwords that were transmitted over the network as clear text In addition since no mechanism existed for authenticating or encrypting session data any number of man in the middle data corruption replacement exploits were possible in addition to plain old snooping to learn the community names SNMPv3 73 Tempus Gntp User s Manual ENDRUN TECHNOLOGIES implements the User based Security Model USM defined in RFC 2274 which employs modern cryptographic technologies to both authenticate multiple users and to encrypt their session data for privacy much in the same way that SSH does for remote login shell users In addition it implements the View based Access Control Model VACM defined in RFC 2275 This RFC defines mechanisms for limiting the access of multiple users having various secutity levels no authentication authentication or authentication plus privacy to specific
85. nchronized to the signal and it is disciplining the internal oscillator to remove frequency and time errors Time Figure of Merit TFOM A detailed explanation of TFOM is in Appendix E Briefly TFOM indicates clock accuracy where time error is lt 1 us time error is lt 10 us time error is lt 100 us time error is lt 1 ms time error is lt 10 ms time error is gt 10 ms unsynchronized state if the unit has never been locked to GPS OoN UO Carrier to Noise The carrier to noise ratio ratio is an indicator of the GPS signal quality This number typically ranges from 30 to 45 dB when the instrument is locked 39 Tempus Gntp User s Manual ENDRUN TECHNOLOGIES Satellite ID This field lists the satellites that are currently being tracked Reference Position This display shows the current GPS position and allows you to enter a position if necessary The GPS reference position is the position of the GPS receiver antenna Accurate position is necessary to generate precise time and frequency outputs Source The source field indicates the source of the position information Possible values are unknown average and user When first installed the position source will be unknown and change to average after the receiver has computed the position average Computation requires that a minimum of 4 or mote satellites be in view The position is shown as latitude longitude and elevation Latitude and longitude are shown as hemisp
86. nes from the file It will then write the secret key s to the file These lines begin with the string usmUser In this way un encrypted passwords are not stored on the system The encryption algorithms used by the agent are dependent upon the IP address of the Tempus Gntp Because of this new keys must be generated anytime your Tempus Gntp s IP address is changed It also means that you cannot use the same boot uca snmp snmpd conf file with multiple Tempus Gntp units To generate new keys stop the snmpd process delete the existing usmUser key lines from the file and then add new createUser lines Then re boot the system This example gives the simplest configuration to begin using SNMPv3 but doesn t make use of the full capabilities of the VACM in defining groups and views for fine grained access control The factory default et snmpd conf file contains commented blocks of lines that can be uncommented to give you a basic configuration that uses the User based Security Model USM described in RFC 2274 and the View based Access Con trol Model VACM described in RFC 2275 The comments included in the file should help you in modifying it for your specific requirements Tempus Gntp User s Manual 78 ENDRUN TECHNOLOGIES Appendix GPS Reference Position mined GPS reference position or a manually entered GPS reference position If your Tempus Gntp is unable to automatically determine this information itself this appendix describ
87. nfigured to allow access by all users If you need to limit telnet ssh or snmp access e g for security reasons you must run this script as roo from either the RS 232 serial I O port or from a telnet or ssh session 49 Tempus Gntp User s Manual ENDRUN TECHNOLOGIES This script modifies these files efe hosts allow and ete hosts deny These ate non vola tilely stored in the FLASH disk boot ete directory You must re boot the Tempus Gntp after running this script for the changes to take effect Usage Set accessconfig Tempus Gntp response Interactive shell script is started gntpenableupgrade This command mounts the two FLASH disk root file system partitions as part of the firmware upgrade procedure Refer to Appendix B Upgrading the Firmware for detailed instructions for performing the upgrade procedure Usage Set gntpenableupgrade Tempus Gntp response Mounting root file system partitions gntphwaddr This command displays the ethernet hardware address if the IP network is properly configured Otherwise it returns nothing Usage Query gntphwaddr Tempus Gntp response 00 D0 C9 25 78 59 gntposctype This command displays the installed oscillator type It is one of TCXO DIP OCXO MS OCXO HS OCXO or Rubidium The standard oscillator is the TCXO Usage Query gntposctype Tempus Gntp response Installed Oscillator is TCXO gntppasswd This command allows the root user to change the passwords
88. ng MD5 authentication you would add these lines disable auth broadcastclient If you are using multicast instead of broadcast mode you would replace the broadcast client keyword with the multicastclient keyword You may remove the line added previously in Basic NIP Chent Setup server 192 168 1 245 25 Tempus Gntp User s Manual ENDRUN TECHNOLOGIES ot the authenticated version added in MD5 Authenticated NIP Client Setup server 192 168 1 245 key 1 Re start ntpd to have it begin using the Tempus Gntp as a broadcast or multicast server Use the NTP utility ntpq to check that ntpd is able to communicate with the Tempus Gntp After issuing the command ntpq you will see the ntpq command prompt ntpq gt Use the command peers to display the NTP peers which your computer is using One of them should be the Tempus Gntp server which you have just configured You should verify that it is being reached You may have to continue issuing the peers command for a minute or two before you will see the reach count increment If you ate using authentication you can verify that authentication is being used by issu ing the command associations to display the characteristics of the client server associations In the auth column of the display you should see OK for the row corresponding to the Tempus Gntp server If you see bad you should wait a few minutes to be sure that there is a prob lem since
89. ng these fields LKSTAT TO GPS Offset S ssssss TFOM YEAR DOY HH MM SS sssssssss LS Where LKSTAT is the system peer status of the NTP daemon relative to the GPS sub system engine either LOCKED or NOTLKD NOTLKD can imply several things the system has just started there is a fault in the GPS subsystem which has caused NTP to either be unable to obtain timing information from the GPS subsystem or to reject the timing informa tion that it is obtaining from it S ssssss is the offset in seconds between the NTP system clock and the GPS subsystem clock Positive implies that the system clock is ahead of the GPS subsystem clock TFOM shows the Time Figure of Merit TFOM of the GPS engine s internal timebase may take values ranging from 4 to 9 time error is lt 1 us time error is lt 10 us time error is lt 100 us time error is lt 1 ms time error is lt 10 ms time error is gt 10 ms unsynchronized state if never been locked to GPS CO oNu A 51 Tempus Gntp User s Manual ENDRUN TECHNOLOGIES Refer to Time Figure of Meritin Appendix F for a detailed description of the meaning of this number YEAR is the year of the UTC timestamp of most recent NTP polling request received by the GPS engine from the NTP reference clock driver DOY is the day of year of the UTC timestamp of most recent NTP poll ing request received by the GPS engine from the NTP reference clock driver HH MM amp SS sssssssss___
90. not using DHCP the IP address shown should match the static IP address which you entered during the netconfig procedure If so log in as root at the login prompt and check the other configuration parameters using ifconfig Tempus Gntp gt ifconfig eth0 Link encap Ethernet HWaddr 00 D0 C9 11 33 41 inet addr 192 168 1 245 Bcast 192 168 1 247 Mask 255 255 255 248 UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU 1500 Metric 1 15 Tempus Gntp User s Manual ENDRUN TECHNOLOGIES RX packets 3779 errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0 TX packets 727 errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0 txqueuelen 100 Interrupt 5 Base address 0x300 lo Link encap Local Loopback inet addr 127 0 0 1 Mask 255 0 0 0 UP LOOPBACK RUNNING MTU 3924 Metric 1 RX packets 170 errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0 TX packets 170 errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0 txqueuelen 0 Pay particular attention to the settings shown for eth0 and in particular the Mask set ting which should match that which is appropriate for your network Now check the remaining configuration parameters using route Tempus Gntp gt route Kernel IP routing table Destination Gateway Genmask Flags Metric Ref Use Iface localnet ba 255 255 255 248 U 0 o 0 ethd loopback 255 0 0 0 U 0 0 0 lo default 192 168 1 241 0 0 0 0 UG 1 0 0 ethd Here you are interested in the default gateway address It should match the appropriate one for your network If so then the ethe
91. ntp keys file to your client computer or use the secure copy 29 Tempus Gntp User s Manual ENDRUN TECHNOLOGIES utility sep or use a text editor to create the equivalent file Although you should first test your setup using the factory default et nip keys file in your Tempus Gntp server you should create your own keys after you understand the process and have your clients operating correctly with the default file Handling of the e c ntp keys file is the weak link in the MD5 authentication scheme It is very important that it is owned by administrator and not readable by anyone other than administrator After transferring the file make sure that it s security properties are set such that it is readable only by the administrator Configure NTP You must edit the n p conf file which ntpd exe the NTP daemon looks for by default in the the nnt system32 drivers ete directory If your NTP installation placed this file in a different place you must find it and edit it Add these lines to the end of the ntp conf file keys winnt system32 drtivers etc ntp keys trustedkey 1 2 Modify the line added previously in Baste NIP Chent Setup so that authentication will be used with the Tempus Gntp server using one of the trusted keys in this case key 1 server 192 168 1 245 key 1 Re start ntpd exe to have it begin using the Tempus Gntp server with MD5 authen tication By default the NTP installation program in
92. of zero and with Daylight Savings Time disabled If you need to modify this operation you must run this script as roof Settings made using this command are non volatile Tempus Gntp User s Manual 52 ENDRUN TECHNOLOGIES Usage Set gntptimemodeconfig Tempus Gntp response Interactive shell script is started gntpversion This command displays the firmware version and build date of the Tempus Gntp Usage Query gntpversion Tempus Gntp response Tempus Gntp 6010 0003 000 v 1 00 Wed Jan 16 22 38 21 UTC 2002 gpsdynmode This command displays the current GPS subsystem dynamic mode of operation It has two possible settings ON or OFE When it is ON it is assumed that the Tempus Gntp is installed on a moving platform When it is OFF it is assumed that the Tempus Gntp is installed in a stationary location When the dynamic mode is OFF the Tempus Gntp will use its accurate reference posi tion to implement Timing Receiver Autonomous Integrity Monitoring TRAIM for the utmost in reliability during any GPS system faults In addition single satellite operation is possible once an initial accurate position has been determined When the dynamic mode is ON only a very minimal TRAIM algorithm is in effect because the accurate reference position is not static In addition a minimum of four satellites must be visible and only 3 D position fixes are used When the dynamic mode is ON the source reported for the accurate reference pos
93. ol essentially via passwords transmitted over the network in plain text Refer to Appendix C Simple Network Management Protocol which is dedicated to configuration of SNMP for details e Individual host access to protocol server daemons such as in telnetd snmpd or sshd may be controlled by the tepd daemon and etc hosts allow and ete hosts deny e Risky protocols like TIME DAYTIME and TELNET may be completely disabled by configuration of the inetd super server daemon The last two topics are supported on the Tempus Gntp by a pair of shell scripts which ease configuration for the inexperienced user of Unix like operating systems These are accessconfig and inetdconfig accessconfig modifies two files which are used by tepd and the standalone daemon snmpd to determine whether or not to grant access to a requesting host etc hosts allow and etc hosts deny These two files may contain configuration information for a number of protocol servers but in the Tempus Gntp only access control to the protocol server daemons in telnetd sshd and snmpd is configured As shipped from the factory these two files are empty When the user runs access config these lines are added to the et hosts deny file in telnetd ALL sshd ALL snmpd ALL This tells tepd to deny access to in telnetd and sshd to all hosts not listed in the ete hosts allow file The snmpd daemon also parses this file itself prior to granting ac cess to a requesting ho
94. ommands are not documented here A wealth of information is available from a variety of sources on those Only the Tempus Gntp specific commands will be described here The serial I O port physical and electrical characteristics are defined as well Te chapter describes the Tempus Gntp control and status commands In ad General Linux Shell Operation The command shell used by the Tempus Gntp is a bash equivalent that is known as ash ash offers good compatibility in running shell scripts written for bash but lacks some of the niceties of bash In particular it lacks command line editing All com mands and file names are case sensitive which is standard for Unix like operating sys tems If you are unfamiliar with Unix like operating systems and you would like to be able to more closely monitor or optimize the performance of your Tempus Gntp you should consult either the web or good Linux reference books like Linux in a Nutshell Seiver O Reilly amp Associates 1999 Running Linux Welsh Dalheimer amp Kaufman O Reilly amp Associates 1999 to learn the ins and out of the Linux command console 47 Tempus Gntp User s Manual ENDRUN TECHNOLOGIES Available User Commands OMMAND accessconng entpenableupgrade gntp wadar gntposctype gntppasswd gntprootts entpstat gntptimemo ae gntptimemodeconfig gntpver sion gpsdynmode telnet ssh and snmpd access to the Tempus Gntp that is limited to spec
95. ootfs1 01 gz Tempus Gntp response Added TempusGntp_0 Added TempusGntp_1 Unmounting root file system partitions now Run Gntpenableupgrade again to remount them should you need to re run updatelilo The trailing asterisk character indicates that the default root file system is set to Tem pusGntp_l Tempus Gntp User s Manual 60 ENDRUN TECHNOLOGIES RS 232 Serial I O Port Signal Definitions Gntp Data Carrier Detect DCD 2 4 Data Terminal Ready DTR Null Modem Adapter Cable In order to connect the Tempus Gntp to another computer a null modem adapter must be used The provided adapter cable is wired this way DB A DE RA 4 3 1 5 7 a Pin 6 is not connected 61 Tempus Gntp User s Manual ENDRUN TECHNOLOGIES Tempus Gntp User s Manual 62 ENDRUN TECHNOLOGIES Appendix Security J our Tempus Gntp incorporates several important security features to prevent unauthorized tampering with its operation Many of these are standard multi ple user access control features of the underlying Linux operating system which controls the Tempus Gntp Others are provided by the additional protocol servers se lected for inclusion in your Tempus Gntp and the way that they are configured Secure user authentication and session privacy while performing routine monitoring and maintenance tasks are provided by the OpenSSH implementations of the secure shell daemon sshd and its companio
96. p to ntp keys Enter a key number 1 65534 or 0 to quit 0 NTP Authentication Configuration Do you want authentication enabled using some or all of the keys in the ntp keys file y les n o y You will be prompted for key numbers 1 65534 that you want NTP to trust The key numbers you enter must exist in your ntp keys file If you do not want to use some of the keys in your ntp keys file do not enter them here NTP will treat those keys as untrusted Clients that use any of the trusted keys in their NTP polling packets will receive authenticated replies from the Tempus Gntp When you have entered all of the trusted keys that you need enter zero at the next prompt for a key number Enter a trusted key number 1 65534 or 0 to quit 1 Enter a trusted key number 1 65534 or 0 to quit 2 Enter a trusted key number 1 65534 or 0 to quit 0 NTP Broadcast Multicast Configuration Would you like to enable broadcast multicast server operation y es n o y Set the network broadcast multicast address for the Tempus Gntp to use For broadcast mode this address is the all 1 s address on the sub net Example 111 112 113 255 For multicast operation it is this specific address 224 0 1 1 Enter IP address for NTP broadcast multicast operation aaa bbb ccc ddd 224 0 1 1 You have selected multicast operation Enter the number of hops that are needed for the multicast packets on your network positive
97. pdf Many problems may also be solved by the helpful people who participate in the Internet news group devoted to NTP news our news servet comp protocols time ntp Three methods of using the Tempus Gntp with NTP clients on Window NT 4 0 plat forms will be described Basic This is the simplest and will operate without MD5 authentication NTP beginners should always perform this setup first 27 Tempus Gntp User s Manual ENDRUN TECHNOLOGIES MD5 This method is trickier only because MD5 keys must be set up and distributed accurately to the NTP clients in a secure way The Tempus Gntp is factory configured to authenticate its replies to NTP MD5 cli ents using its default set of keys Broadcast Multicast This method simplifies configuration of the clients on large networks since specific server addresses need not be configured in each clients s nnt system32 drivers etc ntp conf file It can be config ured either with or without MD5 authentication However it is highly recommended that authentication be configured when using broadcast roulticast mode due to the relative ease with which a fake NTP server can take over the clock setting of the broadcast multicast clients on the network Basic NTP Client Setup Basic setup is relatively simple if e You have been able to successfully communicate with the Tempus Gntp on your network e You have installed NTP on your client computer Configure NTP You must edit t
98. perating system and the Tempus Gntp application software on the single board computer is via a solid state FLASH disk For more detailed information that is not included in this manual and links to other sites please visit our website http www endruntechnologies com There you can also download firmware upgrades the latest manuals and other documentation GPS Timing How it Works GPS satellite The time and frequency engine in the Tempus Gntp receives transmissions S ee must be transmissions from satellites that are operating in compliance with synchronized the Navstar GPS Interface Control Document ICD known as GPS ICD 200 It specifies the receiver interface needed to re ceive and demodulate the navigation and time transfer data contained in the GPS satel lite transmissions The GPS navigation system requires a means of synchronizing the satellite transmissions throughout the constellation so that accurate receiver to satellite range measurements can be performed via time of arrival measurements made at the receiver For the purposes of locating the receiver measurements of the times of ar 1 Tempus Gntp User s Manual ENDRUN TECHNOLOGIES tival of transmissions from at least four satellites are needed For accurate time transfer to a receiver at a known position reception of the transmissions from a single satellite is sufficient GPS time is based The GPS system designers defined system time to be GPS time o
99. r s Manual ENDRUN TECHNOLOGIES The settings you make now will not take effect until you restart your Tempus Gntp so if you make a mistake just re run this script before re booting You will be prompted to enter your network parameters now Ld OF OF kkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkk He e e He He He He He e He He He He He ke e He He He He He ke He He He He ke e He He He ke ke ke ke ke ke ke k k k k k k k k k k k k k k k k k k k k k k k k k kk kk kkk kkk kkk kkk DHCP Settings Use a DHCP server to configure the ethernet interface y es n o n HOST name setting Set the hostname of your Tempus Gntp Only the base hostname is needed not the domain Enter hostname gntp DOMAIN name setting Set the domain name Do not supply a leading Enter domain name for gntp your domain STATIC IP ADDRESS setting Set the IP address for the Tempus Gntp Example 111 112 113 114 Enter IP address for gntp aaa bbb ccc ddd 192 168 1 245 DEFAULT GATEWAY ADDRESS setting Set the default gateway address such as 111 112 113 1 If you don t have a gateway just hit ENTER to continue Enter default gateway address aaa bbb ccc ddd 192 168 1 241 NETMASK setting Set the netmask This will look something like this 255 255 255 0 Enter netmask aaa bbb ccc ddd 255 255 255 248 Calculating the BROADCAST and NETWORK addresses Broadcast 192 168 1 2
100. r customers free of charge 3 Tempus Gntp User s Manual ENDRUN TECHNOLOGIES Tempus Gntp User s Manual 4 ENDRUN TECHNOLOGIES Basic Installation tion of your Tempus Gntp Subsequent chapters and appendices will give you the information needed to configure your installation for the maximum perfor mance in your operating environment General NTP client setup instructions will also be supplied to get you started using your Tempus Gntp quickly Te chapter will guide you through the most basic checkout and physical installa Basic familiarity with TCP IP networking protocols like ping telnet and ftp is re quired Though some familiarity with Linux or other Unix like operating systems would be helpful it is not essential If you satisfy these conditions the instructions provided herein should guide you to a successful installation Checking and Identifying the Hardware Unpack and check all the items using the following check list Contact the factory if anything is missing or damaged The Tempus Gntp Hardware Pack part 4008 0000 000 or 4008 variant contains Q Tempus Gntp part 3012 0000 000 or 3012 variant Q Tempus Gntp Users Manual part USM3012 0000 000 Q IEC 320 AC Power Cord part 0501 0003 000 This part will not be present if using the DC power option Q DB 9F to DB 9F Null Modem Serial I O Cable part 0501 0002 000 a RJ 45 to RJ 45 CAT 5 patch cable 2 meters part 0501 0002 000
101. r range measurement calculations using re ceiver and satellite positions that are kept in a Cartesian XYZ coordinate system The center of the earth as modeled by the WGS 84 ellipsoid is the origin for the coordi nates The X axis lies in the equatorial plane and intersects the 0 or Greenwich me tidian The Y axis also lies in the equatorial plane and intersects the 90 east meridian The Z axis is perpendicular to the equatorial plane and is the polar axis The WGS 84 ellipsoid is simple to describe mathematically and facilitates the calculations that take place in a GPS receiver to convert Cartesian XYZ coordinates to latitude longitude and height above the WGS 84 ellipsoid However for a lot of reasons WGS 84 is not the geodetic datum that has been univer sally used by mapmakers and surveyers That means that to use positions generated by a GPS receiver to find a location on a map a conversion between the GPS WGS 84 posi tion and the geodetic datum used for making the map must be performed Sometimes the differences are small as in using a localized datum known as the North American Datum of 1983 NAD 83 The positional differences between WGS 84 and NAD 83 are only at the one meter level so for our purposes you can use NAD 83 and WGS 84 interchangeably The older North American Datum of 1927 NAD 27 exhibits much larger differences mostly in the longitude that can exceed 100 meters Many maps and survey benchmarks exist that were cr
102. re this good Downtown Santa Rosa is located on a very flat plain so that relatively distant survey points give acceptable results You should exercise some judgment in selecting particular survey points to use for your location As an example if you know that the terrain west of your facility rises or falls rapidly you should avoid using benchmarks that are west of your facility 83 Tempus Gntp User s Manual ENDRUN TECHNOLOGIES Tempus Gntp User s Manual 84 ENDRUN TECHNOLOGIES Lithium Battery Replacement single board computer subsystem component This battery is mot user ser vicable and your Tempus Gntp should be returned to the factory should its replacement become necessary Jour Tempus Gntp incorporates a lithium battery on its IBM PC compatible 85 Tempus Gntp User s Manual ENDRUN TECHNOLOGIES Tempus Gntp User s Manual 86 ENDRUN TECHNOLOGIES Appendix Time Figure of Ment TFOM pus Gntp displays this number on the front panel via the Receiver Status display see Chapter 5 The TFOM is also printed out in the time of day fields printed by the Tempus Gntp gpsstat and gntpstat commands see Chapter 6 The TFOM number indicates the level of accuracy that should be included in the interpretation of Te appendix describes the Time Figure of Merit TFOM number The Tem the time of day and ranges from 4 to 9 time error is lt 1 us time error is lt 10 us time error is lt 100 us time error
103. res in Chapter 2 This man ual is not a How To on installing and using NTP basic approaches to NTP cli ent configuration for operation with the Tempus Gntp will be described It is expected that you ate or have access to a capable Unix Linux system administrator and know more than a little about installing distributions from source code Installation must be performed by a user with mo priviledges on the system If you have never used NTP then you should spend some time reading the on line documents especially the Distri bution Notes FAQ and Configuration subject matter which are available at lnttp www ntp org Although all the information is available at the above site the following are excellent tutorials on setting up NTP and ate easier to understand T configure your Unix like computer to use your Tempus Gntp you must have s http www sun com solutions blueprints 0701 NTP pdf http www sun com solutions blueprints 0801 NTPpt2 pdf http www sun com solutions blueprints 0901 NTPpt3 pdf Many problems may also be solved by the helpful people who participate in the Internet news group devoted to NTP news h our_news_server comp protocols time ntp Three methods of using the Tempus Gntp with NTP clients on Unix like platforms will be described 21 Tempus Gntp User s Manual ENDRUN TECHNOLOGIES Basic This is the simplest and will operate without MD5 authentication NTP beginners should alway
104. rminal window while the unit is re booting When the LILO prompt is displayed you must press the ESC key once on your keyboard within five sec onds to let LILO know that you ate going to enter the name of a root file system label that it should boot in place of the default Now type TempusGntp_0 This tells LILO to boot the factory root file system Now watch the rest of the boot process to make sure that you have successfully recovered from the failed upgrade If the system boots normally then you should resolve the problems with the previous upgrade and re perform it Performing the GPS Upgrade To perform this upgrade log in as the roo user to the Tempus Gntp using either the local console serial I O port telnet or ssh and perform these operations Change the working directory to the mp directory cd tmp If you are using ftp to perform the upgrade transfer the previously downloaded file us ing binary transfer mode from the remote host to the working directory p substitute the name of the GPS subsystem image that your are installing for gpsupgrade bin ftp remote_host perform ftp login on remote host bin set transfer mode to binary get gpsupgrade bin transfer the file quit close the ftp session after the transfer If you are using ssh you may open another command window on the remote computer and securely transfer the GPS subsystem image to the mp directory using sep from the remote computer A command like
105. rn the product to Buyer However Buyer shall pay all shipping charges duties and taxes for products returned to EndRun Technologies from another country Products not manufactured by EndRun Technologies but included as an integral part of a system e g peripherals options are warranted for ninety days or longer as provided by the original equipment manufacturer from date of shipment Extended Warranty The standard warranty may be extended beyond the standard two year period A record of warranty extensions is documented on the sales order for the product purchased All other conditions of the standard warranty apply for the extended period Limitation of Warranty The foregoing warranty shall not apply to defects resulting from improper or inadequate maintenance by Buyer Buyer supplied software or interfacing unauthorized modification or misuse operation outside of the environmental specifications for the product or improper site preparation or maintenance NO OTHER WARRANTY IS EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED ENDRUN TECHNOLOGIES SPECIFICALLY DISCLAIMS THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE Warranty Repair If you believe your equipment is in need of repair call EndRun Technologies and ask for a customer service agent It is important to contact us first as many problems may be resolved with a phone call Please have the serial number of the unit and the nature of the problem available before you ca
106. rnet interface of your Tempus Gntp has been successfully configured to operate on your network and you are ready to check opera tion of the Tempus Gntp over the network If not you should re check your configura tion and or repeat the netconfig procedure If you have configured a nameserver s for your network you may check that by issuing this shell command Tempus Gntp gt cat etc resolv conf search your domain nameserver 192 168 1 1 nameserver 192 168 1 2 Which displays the contents of the ef resoluconf file containing your domain name and the nameserver IP address es to use for that domain Check Network Operation With your Tempus Gntp network parameters properly configured you are ready to test the setup using ping from a server or workstation that is able to access the network connected to the Tempus Gntp Alternatively you could ping one of your servers or workstations from the Tempus Gntp shell prompt to test the setup Once you have successfully established network communications with the Tempus Gntp you may perform all maintenance and monitoring activities via telnet and ftp Tempus Gntp User s Manual 16 ENDRUN TECHNOLOGIES The Tempus Gntp provides both client and server operation using telnet For secu rity reasons as well as to reduce the memory footprint in the Tempus Gntp only client operation is supported using ftp Security conscious users will want to use ssh the secure shell replacement for telnet
107. ry while determining whether dev msys fla2 is mounted dev msys fla2 clean 15 32 files 99 240 blocks fla flal fla2 fla3 fla4 dev msys flal o fla n boot type ext flal2 rw fla2 fla3 fla4 dev msys fla2 on logs type ext2 rw proc on proc type proc rw hwclock Can t open dev tty1l errno 19 No such device INIT Entering runlevel 3 Entering multiuser Attempting to configure eth0 by contacting a DHCP server At this point if you do not have a DHCP server configured on your network the unit will time out and print these messages Tempus Gntp DHCP Client was unable to find the DHCP Server Fix the problem and re boot or set up static IP address by running netconfig dnsdomainname Host name lookup failure none Then these messages are printed in either case Activating IPv4 packet forwarding Starting daemons syslogd klogd inetd Starting the Network Time Protocol daemon Starting the SNMP daemon Starting the system logfile manager Starting the system watchdog woof PCM9340 CPU Starting Keypad Display Process During this process the factory default TempusGntp_0 root file system is loaded from FLASH disk to an 8MB ramdisk and the remainder of the boot process completes At this point the Tempus Gntp login prompt is displayed He e e He He He He He He e He He He He He e He He KEK KEKE KEK He He ke ke ke KERR KKK KEKE k k k k k k k k k k k k k k k k k k kkk kkk kk kkk kkk kkk Welco
108. s Gntp the source is GPS CPU or none Stratum This stratum field has three possible values Stratum 1 The server is fully synchronized and accurate Stratum 11 The server is synchronized to its local CPU clock with undependable accuracy NTP clients will not use a Stratum 11 server Stratum 16 The server is unsynchronized NTP clients will not use a Stratum 16 server Offset The NTP offset indicates the accuracy of the NTP system clock relative to the GPS subsystem clock Immediately after power up the NTP system clock free runs using its internal crystal which is likely to be inaccurate Initially if the offset between the NTP system clock and the GPS subsystem clock is large the display will indicate not available After the GPS subsystem locks the NTP clock will synchronize to the GPS subsystem Once synchronization is complete the typical offsets will range over approximately 10 microseconds Leap Indicator Shows the status of the leap indicator bits as sent by the Tempus Gntp time server to the clients in the NTP reply packets Descriptions of the leap indicator are None No fault and no pending leap second Leap Insertion No fault and a leap second insertion is pending Leap Deletion No fault and a leap second deletion is pending Fault Unsynchronized fault condition exists NTP Setup This display provides access to the NTP broadcast and multicast settings Tempus Gntp User s Manual 44 ENDRUN TECHNOLOGI
109. s perform this setup first MD5 This method is trickier only because MD5 keys must be set up and distributed accurately to the NTP clients in a secure way The Tempus Gntp is factory configured to authenticate its replies to NTP MD5 cli ents using its default set of keys Broadcast Multicast This method simplifies configuration of the clients on large networks since specific server addresses need not be configured in each client s efc ntp conf file It can be configured either with or without MD5 authentication However it is highly recommended that authen tication be configured when using broadcast multicast mode due to the relative ease with which a fake NTP server can take over the clock setting of the broadcast multicast clients on the network Basic NTP Client Setup Basic setup is relatively simple if e You have been able to successfully communicate with the Tempus Gntp on your network e You have installed NTP on your client computer Configure NTP You must edit the n p conf file which ntpd the NTP daemon looks for by default in the the ef directory Add this line to the ntp conf file server 192 168 1 245 This line tells ntpd to use the NTP server at address 192 168 1 245 in addition to any other servers which might also be configured in the client s p conf file Re start ntpd to have it begin using the Tempus Gntp server Use the NTP utility ntpq to check that ntpd is able to communicate with the Tempus Gntp
110. ss then you will be able to configure the time to live of the multicast packets The changes you make now will not take effect until you re boot the Tempus Gntp If you make a mistake just re run ntpconfig prior to re booting You will now be prompted for the necessary set up parameters HH HHH HHH HH He e e He He He Fe He e Fe He He He He ke He He He KEK He e He He He He KKK KKK K KEKE He ke ke ke KEKE ke ke ke ke KE k k k k k k k k k k k k k k k k k k k k kkk kkk kkk He e He He He Fe Fe He e e He He He He He He He He He He He He He He He He He He He He He He He He He He He He ke ke ke He ke ke ke ke e e ke ke ke ke ke ke k k k k k k k k k k k k k k k k kkk k kkk kk MD5 Keyfile Configuration Would you like to create a new ntp keys file y es n o y You will be prompted for a key number 1 65534 then the actual key When you have entered all of the keys that you need enter zero at the next prompt for a key number MD5 keys may contain from 1 to 31 ASCII characters They may not contain SPACE TAB LF NULL or characters Enter a key number 1 65534 or 0 to quit 1 19 Tempus Gntp User s Manual ENDRUN TECHNOLOGIES Enter the key 1 31 ASCII characters EndRun Technologies LLC Writing key number 1 and Key EndRun_Technologies LLC to ntp keys Enter a key number 1 65534 or 0 to quit 2 Enter the key 1 31 ASCII characters Tempus Gntp Writing key number 2 and Key Tempus Gnt
111. st Then the user is prompted to enter a list of hosts that will be granted access to in telnetd sshd and snmpd These appear in the etc hosts allow as lines like this in telnetd 192 168 1 2 192 168 1 3 sshd 192 168 1 2 192 168 1 3 snmpd 192 168 1 2 192 168 1 3 This simple shell script handles the needs of most users however the syntax of these two files supports elaborate configuration possibilities which are beyond the capabilites of this simple shell script Advanced users who need these capabilities will need to edit these two files directly and then copy them to the boot et directory A very compact editor with WordStar command keystrokes is available on the system for this purpose Tempus Gntp User s Manual 64 ENDRUN TECHNOLOGIES edit If you start edit without giving it a file name to open it will display its help screen showing the supported keystrokes Be careful to maintain the proper ownership and access permissions by using ep p when copying the files inetdconfig modifies the e c inetd conf file which is read by inetd to start up various protocol server daemons when requests from remote hosts are received Currently four servers ate configurable via inetdconfig TIME and DAYTIME whose daemons are contained within the inetd daemon itself and in telnetd and sshd Any one or all of these may be enabled or disabled for start up OpenSSH The secure shell protocol server running in the Tempus Gntp is base
112. stalls ntpd exe as a service called Network Time Protocol and starts it You must use the Services utility in Control Panel to stop the Network Time Protocol service and then re start it Use the NTP utility ntpq exe to check that ntpd exe is able to communicate with the Tempus Gntp By default it is installed in the Program Files Network Time Protocol sub directory of your Windows NT partition From a console window after issuing the command ntpq you will see the ntpq command prompt ntpq gt Use the command Tempus Gntp User s Manual 30 ENDRUN TECHNOLOGIES peers to display the NTP peers which your computer is using One of them should be the Tempus Gntp server which you have just configured You should verify that it is being reached You may have to continue issuing the peers command for a minute or two before you will see the reach count increment You can verify that authentication is being used by issuing the command associations to display the characteristics of the client server associations In the auth column of the display you should see OK for the row corresponding to the Tempus Gntp server If you see bad you should wait a few minutes to be sure that there is a prob lem since bad is the initial state of this setting If the bad indication persists then you must check your configuration for errors Typically this is due to a typing error in creating the winnt system32
113. t This last line is the standard Tempus Gntp shell prompt The Tempus Gntp uses the ash shell which is a reduced functionality bash compatible shell After configuring the unit you should change the passwords using the gntppasswd command issued from the shell prompt To gain root access you must now issue the super user command at the shell prompt Tempus Gntp gt su root You will then be prompted for the password which is endrun_1 and be granted root 17 Tempus Gntp User s Manual ENDRUN TECHNOLOGIES access to the system To leave super user mode issue the shell command exit Issu ing exit again will close the telnet session Using SSH When establishing a ssh connection with your Tempus Gntp logging in directly as root is permitted When you log in as root via a ssh session with the Tempus Gntp this ban ner will be displayed kkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkk Welcome to Tempus Gntp SSH console on gntp your domain kkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkk root gntp your domain s password Here you may log in as root with password endrun_1 After correctly entering the password the sign on message is shown It identifies the host system as Tempus Gntp and shows the software part number version and build date Tempus Gntp 6010 0003 000 v 1 00 Wed Jan 02 14 17 44 UTC 2002 Tempus Gntp gt This
114. t or ssh session This script modifies the e c inetd conf file which is non volatilely stored in the FLASH disk boot ete directory You must re boot the Tempus Gntp after running this script for the changes to take effect Usage Set inetdconfig Tempus Gntp response Interactive shell script is started kplockstat This command prints the status either locked or unlocked of the front panel keypad EDIT key When the EDIT key is locked it will prevent unauthorized tampering with the unit All other keys are still enabled so you may continue to read the status and cur rent settings of the Tempus Gntp Refer to the lockoutkp and unlockkp commands 57 Tempus Gntp User s Manual ENDRUN TECHNOLOGIES Usage Set kplockstat Tempus Gntp response LOCKED or UNLOCKED lockoutkp This command locks out access to the front panel keypad EDIT key When the EDIT key is locked it will prevent unauthorized tampering with the unit All other keys are still enabled so you may continue to read the status and current settings of the Tempus Gntp Refer to the kplockstat and unlockkp commands Usage Set lockoutkp Tempus Gntp response Front panel keypad EDIT key disabled netconfig This command starts an interactive shell script that will allow the user to configure the IP network subsystem of the Tempus Gntp By default the unit is configured to con figure itself using the Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol DHCP If you n
115. the inability to recetve a signal then there could be an or antenna failure or blockage If the condition persists indefinitely and a problem with the antenna is not evident the unit may need to be returned to the factory for repair This bit indicates that the microprocessor was unable to configure the FPGA This would be a fatal fault and the unit should be returned to the factory for repair This bit indicates that the microprocessor was unable to verify a write to the FLASH non volatile parameter storage atea This should not ever occur under normal operation This fault would cause erratic operation at the next power cycling since important parameters could be corrupt The unit should be returned to the factory for repair This bit indicates that the GPS timing subsystem is not receiving polling request from the NTP subsystem This could be due to a hardware or software failure If the condition persists after cycling the power to the unit this is a fatal fault and the unit should be returned to the factory for repair This bit indicates that the GPS antenna or downlead cable has a fault It indicates either an over or under cutrent condition Usually it means that the antenna downlead cable is not plugged into the connector on the rear of the Tempus Gntp If the condition persists after checking the antenna downlead for obvious faults this is a fatal fault and the unit should be re turned to the factory for repair The examp
116. time error is lt 10 ms CMAN A UF time error is gt 10 ms unsynchronized state if never been locked to GPS Refer to Time Figure of Meritin Appendix F for a detailed description of the meaning of this number YEAR is the year of the UTC timestamp of the most recent NTP polling request received by the GPS engine from the NTP reference clock driver DOY is the day of year of the UTC timestamp of most recent NTP poll ing request recetved by the GPS engine from the NTP reference clock driver HH MM amp SS sssssssss__ is the hour minute second subsecond UTC timestamp of the most recent NTP polling request received by the GPS engine from the NTP daemon reference clock driver LS is the current number of leap seconds difference between the UTC and GPS timescales 13 at the time of this writing LF is the future at the next UTC midnight number of leap seconds dif ference between the UTC and GPS timescales 13 at the time of this writing Tempus Gntp User s Manual 54 ENDRUN TECHNOLOGIES S is the Signal Processor State one of 0 Acquiring 1 GPS Locking 2 GPS Locked N is the number of GPS satellites being tracked 0 to 8 VCDAC is the oscillator Voltage Control DAC word 0 to 65535 with larger numbers implying higher oscillator frequency Typical range is 20000 to 38000 SN R is the carrier Signal to Noise Ratio 0 00 to 99 9 measured in dB in the GPS data rate bandwidth Typical range is 30 to 45 PLTS is
117. tory of the system ramdisk thereby replacing the factory default configuration file Network Time Protocol The NTP implementation in the Tempus Gntp is built from version 4 1 1c rc2 of the standard distribution from the site By factory default remote control of the NTP daemon ntpd is disabled Query only operation is supported from the two NTP companion utilities ntpq and ntpde Control via these two utilities is disabled in the e c ntp conf file in two ways First MD5 authentication keys are not defined for control operation via a requestkey or controlkey dec laration Second this default address restriction line is present in the file restrict default notrust nomodify This line eliminates control access from ALL hosts Query access is not affected by this restriction Knowledgable NTP users who would like to customize the security aspects of the configuration of the NTP daemon in the Tempus Gntp should edit the e7c ntp conf file directly and then copy it to the boot ete directory Be sure to retain the own ership and permissions of the original file by using ep p when performing the copy If you are planning to make changes to the e c ntp conf file you must not restrict query access from the local host to the NTP daemon Various system monitoring processes running on the system require this access Tempus Gntp User s Manual 66 ENDRUN TECHNOLOGIES Appendix Upgrading the Firmware products available for download
118. ux NET4 0 for Linux 2 2 Based upon Swansea University Computer Society NET3 039 NET4 Unix domain sockets 1 0 for Linux NET4 0 NET4 Linux TCP IP 1 0 for NET4 0 IP Protocols ICMP UDP TCP Starting kswapd v 1 5 Serial driver version 4 27 with no serial options enabled ttyS00 at 0x03f8 irq 4 is a 16550A ttyS01 at 0x02f8 irq 3 is a 16550A ttyS03 at 0x02e8 irq 0 is a 16550A RAM disk driver initialized 16 RAM disks of 8192K size Flash disk driver for DiskOnChip2000 Copyright C 1998 2000 M Systems Flash Disk Pioneers Ltd Copyright C 2000 Lineo DOC device s found 1 Fat Filter Enabled rt18139 c v1 07 5 6 99 Donald Becker http cesdis gsfc nasa gov linux drivers rt18139 html ethO RealTek RTL8139 Fast Ethernet at 0xe400 IRQ 11 00 d0 c9 91 c8 6f fl geninit registered device at major 100 partition 0 start_sect 0 nr_sects 3e30 Fl_blk_size 1 18kb partition 1 start_sect 0 nr_sects 0 Fl_blk_size Okb Partition check fla flal fla2 fla3 fla4 RAMDISK Compressed image found at block 0 VFS Mounted root ext2 filesystem Freeing unused kernel memory 32k freed 11 Tempus Gntp User s Manual ENDRUN TECHNOLOGIES INIT version 2 76 booting Parallelizing fsck version 1 15 18 Jul 1999 ext2fs_ check _if mount No such file or directory while determining whether dev msys flal is mounted dev msys flal clean 35 80 files 559 639 blocks ext2fs_check_if mount No such file or directo
119. ve shell script is started setgpsdynmode This command accepts a single argument ON or OFF to allow the user to set the dynamic mode of operation of the Tempus Gntp GPS subsystem By default the unit is configured for static operation so this setting is OFE If the Tempus Gntp will be mounted on a moving platform like a ship then this setting must be changed to ON The change takes place immediately and is stored non volatilely Usage Set setgpsdynmode ON Tempus Gntp response GPS Dynamic Mode is ON setgpsrefpos This command starts an interactive shell script that will allow the user to set the accurate reference position of the Tempus Gntp By default the unit is configured to locate itself using the GPS satellites In some situations visibility of the sky is limited and the unit will not be able to determine its position In this case the user must determine an accurate WGS 84 position by other means and input it using this command If you need to set the accurate reference position you must run this script as root The changes take place immediately Refer to Appendix D GPS Reference Position for details If the GPS dynamic mode setting is ON see gpsdynmode setgpsdynmode commands then running this script will have no effect In addition to setting a new accurate reference position the user can also invalidate an existing one This will force the Tempus Gntp to re establish a new reference position using the GPS satellite
120. views of the Structure of Management Information SMI object tree Enterprise Management Information Base MIB In addition to providing the SNMP variables contained in MIB II as described in RFC 1213 EndRun Technologies has implemented an enterprise MIB using the syntax of the SMI version 2 SMIv2 as described in RFC 2578 TTEMPUS MIB Which is located on your Tempus Gntp in this ASCII file usr local share snmp mibs TEMPUS MIB txt In addition to a complete set of NTP and GPS status objects the MIB defines four SMIv2 notification objects e NTP Leap Indicator Bits status change e NIP Stratum change e GPS Fault Status change e GPS Time Figure of Merit change Invocation of the SNMP daemon The SNMP daemon snmpd is started from the etc rc d rclocal system start up script with this line snmpd s c etc snmpd conf By default it will listen on port 161 for SNMP queries from the network management system If you would like to have it listen on another port you could edit the file by adding p port to the end of this line where port is the number of the port you would like for the agent to listen on If you would like to disable starting of the snmpd daemon altogether you can either remove this line or place a character at the beginning of the line so that it will not be executed A very compact editor with WordStar command keystrokes is available on the system for this purpose edit If you start edit without Tempus

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