DVII: A TEX dvi information utility User Manual (version 0.44)
Contents
1. 0 cmr10 1000 4bf 16079 Hh Hh rh If we run the Perl script fontdiff pl on these two files we get the following d tex dvii gt perl fontdiff pl testi dvi test2 dvi Fonts in test1 dvi NOT in test2 dvi Fonts in test2 dvi NOT in test1 dvi 26 APPENDIX C PERL SCRIPTS 27 Note that by default the fontdiff pl script ignores font numbering when finding font differ ences If you want to see which fonts are in common add the 1 option d tex dvii gt perl fontdiff pl l test1 dvi test2 dvi Fonts in test1 dvi NOT in test2 dvi NOTE fonts marked with are in BOTH files f NN cmbx10 1100 1af22256 f NN cms110 1000 70ae304a f NN cmr10 1000 4bf 16079 Fonts in test2 dvi NOT in test1 dvi NOTE fonts marked with are in BOTH files f NN cmbx10 1100 1af22256 f NN cmr10 1100 4bf 16079 f NN cmr10 1000 4bf16079 C 1 2 How are fonts different What does it mean for 2 TEX fonts to be different There are four characteristics of a TeX font called from a dvi file 1 name e g cmr10 or ptmb 2 font number 3 scaling e g 1000 or 1200 4 checksum The Perl script fontdiff pl can ignore any of these parameters except font name when finding font differences Here are the options c ignore checksum when finding font differences C do NOT ignore checksum when finding font differences DEFAULT n ignore font number when finding font differences DEFAULT N2. PSfile 3 EPS s 4 4 PSfile dog1 gif s 4 4 PSfile cat eps s 6 2 Some control characters Note there are four control characters between the square brackets because TEX does not like these particular characters you cannot see them here Now with the g option dvii s g test dvi 2 2 A short special 3 3 abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzABCDE 4 4 PSfile 1 eps 4 4 PSfile 2 eps 4 4 PSfile 3 EPS 4 4 PSfile dog1 gif 4 4 PSfile cat eps 6 2 Some control characters Q0 oooononuououuu uu 3 7 h show main help screen This option shows the main help screen which begins dvii h This is dvii 0 7 DVI file information by Adam Lewenberg Send bug reports to adam macrotex net dvii h Print help screen dvii dvifile Print dvi information dvii many possible options dvifile H show complete list of options h show this help screen u display dvi summary CHAPTER 3 ALL THE COMMAND LINE OPTIONS 11 etc 3 8 H show options help screen This option displays all the command line options dvii H A11 the command line options c perform simple validity check C perform more rigorous and slower validity check f display fonts etc 3 9 m add message digest information when displaying pages See Chapter 7 on message digests Display a 16 byte message digest for each page dvii m test nessage digest simple sum 1 1
3. D8C977816A091771A3A631E7592DAE6D 2 2 16E5A31EF87F926DB1F86CAD165C5453 3 3 1139D12267E3D60267CC788905909170 4 4 68E5A2E9D7320743CB857 69CAAE9B023 5 1 DE72BC3345FFDF7E779C8C667DCE3F97 6 3 12808C9489FD3430C3C8EDAD8A4EC760 oe 3 10 M add message digest information but ignore certain opcodes See Chapter 7 on message digests Display a 16 byte message digest for each page but ignore certain dvii opcodes Depending upon the value of certain of the dvi information will be ignored when computing the message digest CHAPTER 3 ALL THE COMMAND LINE OPTIONS 12 MO Do not ignore any of the opcodes equivalent to m M1 Ignore all font assignments and font definitions M2 Ignore all NOPS no ops M4 Ignore all special s M8 Ignore all pushes and pops These options can be combined by adding for example to ignore fonts and special s use M5 A rationale as to why you might want to ignore certain dvii page information when computing a message digest follows If you use page message digests to detect when a page has changed you may get false alarms when the only thing that changes in the dvi file is the order of font definitions the page looks the same but will have a different message digest because the message digest has changed For example consider the two files File A File B font a cmri0 at 11pt font b cmr10 at 12pt font b cmri0 at 12pt font a cmr10 at 11pt a
4. PM has 6 pages and contains 3 fonts CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION 5 1 2 3 List all information dvii test dvi File size 1500 bytes 1 K Comment string TeX output 1999 12 05 1951 Page count 6 Number of fonts 3 f 50 cmr10 1200 4bf 16079 f 23 cmbx10 1000 1af22256 f 0 cmr10 1000 4bf16079 p 1 1 p 2 2 p 3 3 p 4 4 p 5 1 p 6 3 s 2 2 A short special s 3 3 abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzABCDE s 4 4 PSfile 1 eps s 4 4 PSfile 2 eps s 4 4 PSfile 3 EPS s 4 4 PSfile dog1 gif s 4 4 PSfile cat eps s 6 3 Some control characters With no options dvii first displays a summary of the dvi file see section 1 2 2 The next 3 lines list the three fonts used by the dvi file The succeding 6 lines list page information The format p m n means that this is physical page m corresponding to TEX page n The physical page is the page in the order that it would be displayed or printed out on a printer The TEX page is the page number that would appear in normal circumstances at the bottom of the page For more on the difference between physical and TEX pages see section 4 1 The last 6 lines list all the special s included in the dvi file Note that not every dvi file will contain special s The format is the same as that for pages the text following the double colon is the first 128 bytes of the special text 1 3 The dvii home page The dvii
5. filename scale checksum The n refers to the font number e g 0 filename refers to the external file name e g cmr10 scale refers to the scaling factor e g 1000 and checksum to the checksum of the font s TFM file e g 4bf 16079 Here are the fonts in test dvi as displayed by dvii dvii f test f 50 cmr10 1200 4bf 16079 f 23 cmbx10 1000 1a 22256 f 0 cmr10 1000 4bf16079 Note that TEX views two fonts with the same external fontname but with dif ferent scaling factors as different fonts 18 Chapter 6 Specials As not every publishing feature is built in to TEX the creator of TEX Donald E Knuth made sure that a facility to insert hooks into a dvi file was available These hooks are called specials and are invoked via tha special command For example if you put the command special Hello in a TEX file the resulting dvi file will contain a special opcode with argument Hello TpX postprocessors such as dvi viewers or printer drivers can then interpret the special s and take the appropriate action One of the more common uses of the special is to insert figure files into a TEX document For example the IATEX graphics package provides the includegraphics command which will take as an argument the name of figure file and place a Nspecial command in the dvi file listing the name of the file its dimensions and other information Altough TEX itself knows nothing about figure fi
6. home page can be found at http www macrotex net dvii dvii html Chapter 2 Installing To install copy the file dvii or in the DOS Windows environment the file dvii exe to a directory in your PATH To uninstall remove the file dvii from whereever you put it 2 1 Where to get executables You will find several executables at the dvii home page Currently there are executables for the MS DOS Windows 95 98 ME NT 2000 Linux and Solaris Sparc and Intel platforms Please let me know of any that do not work After you download the executable you need to rename the file to dvii exe under DOS or Windows or dvii under Unix and place it somewhere in your PATH 2 2 Where to get the source code dvii is written in portable C code whose source is a single file named dvii c It should compile on any system with an ANSI C compiler To get the source file go to the dvii home page at www macrotex net dvii dvii html Chapter 3 All the command line options 3 1 c perform simple validity check The c option does a simple validity check of the dvi file a the first two bytes should be 247 2 b there should be at least four 233 s at the end of the file immediately preceded by a 2 This is not much of a check it will certainly not catch dvi files whose middle bytes have become corrupted but it will at least catch files that are clearly not dvi files such as text files Note that the c option is implicit in almos
7. in setting a book is page layout In the TEX world this corresponds to optimizing figure placement and fixing bad page breaks This is often delicate changing one line of text can change not just the page on which the line appears but the pages following text reflow Thus it would be very nice to determine after making a small change which pages have changed One way to determine this is to look at a printout of each page and see which pages have changed This however is not very practical except for the smallest documents My approach is to take each page s finger print via a message digest be fore making a change make the change and then take each page s fingerprint again after making the change Then just check which pages fingerprints have changed Here is an example Let filex tex contain the following source a eject b eject c eject d eject e eject f end The summary of this file is dvii u filex File size 628 bytes 1 K Comment string TeX output 1999 12 17 0937 Page count 6 Number of fonts 1 We can save and display the page information along with a message digest of each page if we use the M1 option dvii p M1 filex gt before md cat before md message digest simple sum ignore font p 1 1 9C8E26458F1B019011D2F28DA18B18CC p 2 2 9C8E26468F1B029011D2F28DA18B18CC p 3 3 9C8E26478F1B039011D2F28DA18B18CC p 4 4 9C8E26488F1B049011D2F28DA18B18CC CHAPT
8. text dvi Here is a list of the Nspecial s d tex dvii gt dvii s test dvi s 2 2 A short special s 3 3 abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZO1234567893 141592 653589793238462643383279502884197169399375105820974944592 4 4 PSfile 1 eps 4 4 PSfile 2 eps 4 4 PSfile 3 EPS 4 4 PSfile dogi gif 4 4 PSfile cat eps 6 3 Some control characters nnnnnn APPENDIX C PERL SCRIPTS 29 and here is the output from the specials pl script d tex dvii gt perl specials pl test dvi pp2 3 4 3 You could then take this string and print just the pages containing the special s using dvips d tex dvii gt dvips pp2 3 4 3 test dvi Although the most common special s encountered are those for including an EPS Encapsu lated Postscript File figures and in most cases those are the only specials s it may happen that there are pages containing other kinds of specials s for example when the document incorporates color So how can you get a list of just those pages that have included figures The answer is to use the grep option to display only those special s that contain the string PSfile the standard indicator of an included EPS file So to print only those pages that contain an included EPS figure d tex dvii gt perl specials pl grep PSfile test dvi pp4 C 3 details pl The Perl script details pl uses the dump opcode option d of dvii see section 3 3 t
9. the two transmissions This might work but would be rather slow it would take twice as long to send the message twice So instead of sending the message again a second time we send a shorter message that gives a summary of the original message This summary is calculated at both ends and the receiver compares her summary with the one sent by the transmitter If they match this is evidence that the file was received intact Of course the form of this summary will affect how reliable the summary is at detecting if the data was sent correctly One sort of summary is called a parity check add up all the numbers in the file and see if this sum is odd or even The message digest is then either 0 if the sum is even or 1 if the sum is odd As you may imagine this form of fingerprint is not very useful when the files get long Thus one desirable aspect of a message digest is that different data sets which differ in a small number of places generate different message digests This way 20 CHAPTER 7 MESSAGE DIGEST 21 changes to the data are readily detected One system that does this well is the MD5 message digest It is cryptograph ically secure that is if one file generates a given MD5 message digest it is hard to construct a different file with the same MD5 message digest Thus it is suitable for digital signatures that are hard to forge 7 2 Why use a message digest with TpX The last and often trickiest step
10. 8 count number ofspecials 15 3 16 T give timing information 15 3 17 u gt displ ypsummary Jaa R age akon a e Gla 16 4 Pages 17 4 1 Physical pages versus TEX pages 2 2 2 0 00000 17 5 Fonts 18 6 Specials 19 7 Message digest 20 7 1 What is a message digest ee en 20 7 2 Why use a message digest with TEX 21 A Acknowledgements 23 B Source files 24 C Perl scripts 26 1 fontdiffipl aaeeeo a GE dew e Re ae en 26 CAL Introduction 4 2 4 4 d d b p eie krasje bb LR 26 C 1 2 How are fonts different o 27 2 specials pl ance gaa adie ee ho ha gue a da ee 28 3 details pl i sk was R3 ARA EL es ee VV 29 Chapter 1 Introduction dvii is a utility written in C that extracts information from a TEX dvi file Information displayed can include a summary e File comment usually the date the file was compiled e File size e Number of physical pages e Number of fonts as well as more detailed information e Font names for all fonts used e List of physical page number TeX page number pairs e List of all specials and the page on which they appear e List of all fonts used on a given page For example running the command dvii u test dvi generates the summary File size 1500 bytes 1 K Comment string TeX output 1999 12 05 1951 Page count 6 Number of fonts 3 1 1 Design Goals I have designed this utility with the fo
11. 89abcdef ghij Finally if you want to display all the special text use n 1 dvii s n 1 test s 1 1 0123456789abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzABCDE Here the output of dvii s n 1 test lookslike dvii s test only because we do not have enough page to show the entire Nspecial text but believe me dvii s n 1 test will display all the special text 3 12 p display page information To display a list of physical page TpX page pairs use the p option dvii p test 1 1 2 2 3 3 4 4 5 1 6 3 UO UU CU UC CHAPTER 3 ALL THE COMMAND LINE OPTIONS 14 The first number indicates the physical page and the second number indicates the TEX page For example the sixth physical page has TEX page 3 For more information on the difference between physical pages and TEX pages see section 4 1 3 13 P suppress the display of physical pages This option is available in version 0 43 and later This option only makes sense when you are listing page information e g when using the p or the M option Here is what you get with dvii p test dvii p test 1 1 2 2 3 3 4 4 5 1 6 3 no e and here is what you get when you add the P option dvii p P test XX 1 XX 2 XX 3 XX 4 XX 1 XX 3 koae ie e e e So why might you want to do something so silly This is most useful when usnig the message digest feature to detect page changes see
12. A a A b A b A end end These two files generate identical looking output but different dvi code because the font numbering is different If you use dvii m you will see different finger prints message digest simple sum A p 1 1 6676847979940C046D093C93789A1812 B p 1 1 6676837979940B056D093C94789A1812 But if you use dvii M1 you get message digest simple sum ignore font A p 1 1 B42E10A601774236B86D11CE2F8C25E4 B p 1 1 B42E10A601774236B86D11CE2F8C25E4 By examining the fonts with the f option you can see where the two dvi files differ dvii f filea dvii f fileb f 51 cmr10 1200 4b 16079 f 51 cmr10 1100 4b 16079 f 50 cmr10 1100 4bf16079 f 50 cmr10 1200 4b 16079 f 0 cmr10 1000 4bf16079 f 0 cmr10 1000 4bf16079 CHAPTER 3 ALL THE COMMAND LINE OPTIONS 13 The font cmr10 at 1200 is font 51 in filea whereas it is font 50 in fileb 3 11 n display 7 bytes of special text Normally dvii s test will display a maximum of 128 bytes of the special text For example let filec tex be the file special 0123456789abcdef ghijklmnopqrstuvwxyZABCDE bye Note that the indicates more special text which we omit due to space limitations in this manual dvii s filec s 1 1 0123456789abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzABCDE However you can tell dvii how many bytes to display by using the n option dvii s n20 filec s 1 1 01234567
13. Chapter 7 Imagine that you have message digest information for your entire 1000 page book Later you compile only one chapter If you create a message digest of the chapter the physical pages will no longer agree with the message digest for the entire book So suppressing the physical pages is the only way you can reliably tell if there has been a change 3 14 s display specials The s lists each special in the file and the page on which it appears For example CHAPTER 3 ALL THE COMMAND LINE OPTIONS 15 dvii s test s 2 2 A short special s 3 3 abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzABCDE s 4 4 PSfile 1 eps s 4 4 PSfile 2 eps s 4 4 PSfile 3 EPS s 4 4 PSfile dog1 gif s 4 4 PSfile cat eps s 6 3 Some control characters Thus there is a special on physical page 2 consisting of the text A short special The Nspecial text on page 6 3 contains some control characters which do not show up on the printed page because they do not correspond to any printable characters Actually the text is A B C D 3 15 8 count number of specials Normally the summary that the u option generates includes the number of pages and the number of fonts but not the number of specials If you want a count of the number of specials use 8 note that S implies u dvii S test File size 1500 bytes 1 K Comment string TeX output 2001 01 25 0933 Page count 6 Number of fonts 3 Number of specia
14. DVII A TEX dvi information utility User Manual version 0 44 Adam H Lewenberg May 4 2002 Contents 1 Introduction l l Design Goals su ssgg seer ak r RR Ge E XSX wx e laaa 12 Some examples of use lees 1 2 1 Basic sages manso SD je ese a a 1 2 3 Display a summary of information 1 2 3 List all information vr 2 va 13 Thedvii home page 2 Installing 2 1 Where to get executables o o 2 2 Where to get the source code len 3 All the command line options 3 1 c 3 2 C 3 3 d 3 4 f 3 5 F 3 6 g 3 7 h 3 8 H perform simple validity check perform more rigorous and slower validity check dump opcodes 2 m PR B Roy RR Ro eR ener display fonts x ee 3A SRG gee Vo display fonts on each page o o suppress control characters when showing special text show main help screen show options help screen 22e 3 9 mit add message digest information when displaying pages 3 10 M add message digest information but ignore certain opcodes 3 11 n display bytes of special text aD O o 0 N CONTENTS 2 3 12 p display page information 000 13 3 13 P suppress the display of physical pages 2 14 3 14 s display specials 020 000000000004 14 3 15
15. ER 7 MESSAGE DIGEST 22 p 5 5 908E26498F1B059011D2F28DA18B18CC p 6 6 9C3E264A8F1B069011D2F28DA18B18CC E We now edit filex tex and change the b that appears on page 2 to a B we now have a eject Bleject c eject d eject e eject f end We next TEX the file save the new fingerprints and see which pages have changed using the diff utility tex filex dvii p M1 filex gt after md diff before md after md 3c3 lt p 2 2 9C8E26468F1B029011D2F28DA18B18CC gt p 2 2 9C8E26468F1AE29011D2F28DA18B18CC Note that page 2 is the only page with a different message digest Appendix A Acknowledgements e Heiko Oberdiek made significant suggestions on improving the perfor mance of the code and pointed out several errors e Tom Kacvinsky helped make the code work on 64 bit machines e Karsten Tinnefeld made some helpful suggestions on getting the code to compile on older Suns and contributed some Linux and Sun binaries 23 Appendix B Source files Here is the source for test tex test tex Test file for dvii last changed 5 December 1999 4 A blank page eject This is page 2 2 eject This is page 3 3 with a short special Also a rule vrule widthicm depthicm height 1cm relax special A short special eject This is page 4 4 with a bf long special Note the control character this is meant to confuse dvii when it cuts of the long special text special abcd
16. do NOT ignore font number when finding font differences S ignore font scaling when finding font differences S do NOT ignore font scaling when finding font differences DEFAULT l list fonts for each file Continuing the example started in the above section if we don t want to ignore font numbering we would use the N option APPENDIX C PERL SCRIPTS 28 d tex dvii gt perl fontdiff pl N test1 dvi test2 dvi Fonts in test1 dvi NOT in test2 dvi f 50 cmbx10 1100 1af22256 f 33 cms110 1000 70ae304a f 51 cmbx10 1100 1af22256 f 50 cmr10 1100 4bf16079 Note that more fonts are considered different than before in file test1 dvi the font cmbx10 scaled at magnification 1000 has font number 50 while in test2 dvi that same font has font number 51 Note If you look back at the output of the example at the end of the previous section you will see that the fonts are listed with their font numbers replace with NN this is because unless overridden by the N option font numbers are ignored and hence we do not even want to see them Here is the output when we ignore everything we can ignore checksum scaling and font number d tex dvii gt perl fontdiff pl n s c testi dvi test2 dvi Fonts in testi dvi NOT in test2 dvi C 2 specials pl This Perl script takes as it single argument a dvi file and outputs a a dvips style list of pages containing special s Let us look at what happens with our old friend
17. efghijklmnopgrstuvwxyzABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ0123456789 3 14159265358979323846264338327 9502884197 169399375105820974944592 The quick brown fox jumped over the lazy dog y eject This is page 5 5 with 5 specials special PSfile 1 eps special PSfile 2 eps special PSfile 3 EPS special PSfile dogi gif special PSfile cat eps eject pageno 1 font a cmr10 scaled 1200 a This is page 6 1 with font cmr10 scaled 1200 24 APPENDIX B SOURCE FILES eject pageno 3 This page has a special with control characters Oooh special Some control characters Followed by several blank pages eject eject eject eject bye 25 Appendix C Perl scripts Here I describe some Perl scripts that use the output from dvii C 1 fontdiff pl C 1 1 Introduction The Perl script fontdiff pl1 looks at two dvi files and compares the fonts used in each displying the differences This can be useful when you have compiled a TEX file on two different computer systems and you are worried that the fonts on the two systems may be installed differently Let us look at an example We have two dvi files test1 dvi and test2 dvi Here are the fonts listings for these two files tex dvii gt dvii f test1 dvi 50 cmbx10 1100 1af22256 33 cms110 1000 70ae304a 0 cmr10 1000 4bf 16079 Hh Hh H tex dvii gt dvii f test2 dvi 51 cmbx10 1100 1af22256 50 cmr10 1100 4bf 16079
18. ize 1200 font number 23 is cmr10 at size 1000 and font number 0 is cmbx10 at size 1000 For more information on fonts see chapter 5 CHAPTER 3 ALL THE COMMAND LINE OPTIONS 9 3 5 F display fonts on each page This option which implies the p and f options lists the fonts used on each page dvii F test 50 cmr10 1200 4bf 16079 23 cmbx10 1000 1af22256 0 cmr10 1000 4bf 16079 1 1 start of font list Font 0 cmr10 1000 end of font list p 2 2 start of font list Font 0 cmr10 1000 end of font list p 3 3 start of font list Font 0 cmr10 1000 Font 23 cmbx10 1000 end of font list p 4 4 start of font list Font 0 cmr10 1000 end of font list p 5 1 start of font list Font 0 cmr10 1000 Font 50 cmr10 1200 end of font list p 6 3 start of font list Font 0 cmr10 1000 end of font list FO Fh bh bh 3 6 g suppress control characters when show ing special text The g option can be used when displaying special information If a special contains text with unprintable characters it may corrupt some computer screens So instead of trying to print these unpleasant characters dvii will instead print 69 a CHAPTER 3 ALL THE COMMAND LINE OPTIONS 10 Here is what the special text looks like without the g option dvii s test dvi s 2 2 A short special s 3 3 abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzABCDE s 4 4 PSfile 1 eps s 4 4 PSfile 2 eps s 4 4
19. les most dvi printer drivers such as dvips know how to interpret the special information and will insert the figure You can tell dvii to go through a dvi file and list the location and contents of each Nspecial This can be useful for instance if you want to see on which page a particular figure appears without actually viewing or printing the file dvii s test 2 2 A short special 3 3 abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzABCDE 4 4 PSfile 1 eps 4 4 PSfile 2 eps 4 4 PSfile 3 EPS 4 4 PSfile dog1 gif 4 4 PSfile cat eps 6 3 Some control characters vn nn na nn Y Y 19 Chapter 7 Message digest 7 1 What is a message digest A short answer a message digest is a numerical summary or fingerprint of a given set of data such as a data file or e mail message A longer answer A computer file is really just a sequence of numbers For ex ample the file containing the single word Hello is really just the the sequence 72 101 108 108 111 The file containing the file Goodbye is the sequence 71 111 111 100 98 121 101 Of course most computer files are much bigger with correspondingly longer sequences Imagine that a file with one million characters needs to be sent from one com puter to another computer thousands of miles away How can the recipient be assured that the data received is in fact the data that was sent One way would be to send the data twice and compare
20. llowing goals in mind 3 CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION 4 1 It should be fast faster than dvitype 2 It should be easy to use the output as a back end to PERL enabling the easy manipulation of the data for more specific purposes 3 It should be useful to the TeX community 4 It should be portable In light of these goals I encourage all those who use it to send me bug reports comments and suggestions on how it can be improved I can be reached at adam macrotex net In particular I am interested in making this program compile on as many different platforms as possible so if you have compiling problems please let me know 1 2 Some examples of use The following examples use the file test dvi whose source can be found in Appendix B 1 2 1 Basic usage The syntax for use is dvii options dvifile where dvifile is the name of the dvi file that you want information about You can leave off the extension dvi thus dvii test and dvii test dvi are equivalent Unless you also have a file named simply test in which case dvii will complain that test is not a valid dvi file In such cases be sure to explicitly supply the extension dvi 1 2 2 Display a summary of information dvii u test dvi File size 1500 bytes 1 K Comment string TeX output 1999 12 05 1951 Page count 6 Number of fonts 3 The summary tells us the dvi file test dvi is 1500 bytes long roughly 1 kilo byte was compiled on December 5 1999 at 7 51
21. ls 8 3 16 T give timing information To see how long dvii took to run use the T option dvii T C test dvi file test dvi passed validation check level 1 User time 0 0 seconds Real time 0 0 seconds The User time is the time external to the computer to run that is if you started a stopwatch before executing the command and then stopped it after the command finished the elapsed time corresponds to the User time CHAPTER 3 ALL THE COMMAND LINE OPTIONS 16 On the other hand most modern operating systems are capable of running many programs at once switching from one to the other So while it may appear to you that a command takes 5 minutes to run the computer itself may have only spent 1 minute of the 5 minutes on your program spending the other 4 minutes on other tasks Hence 1 minute would be Real time If the file is small enough as it is in the cast of test dvi above you may see both times listed as 0 0 seconds 3 17 u display summary To display a summary of a dvi file use the u option dvii u test dvi File size 1500 bytes 1 K Comment string TeX output 1999 12 05 1951 Page count 6 Number of fonts 3 The summary tells us the dvi test dvi file is 1500 bytes long roughly 1 kilo byte was compiled on December 5 1999 at 7 51 AM has 6 pages and contains 3 fonts See also the S option Chapter 4 Pages 4 1 Physical pages versus TpX pages Every time TEX w
22. o generate opcode statistics For example to list the op codes in order of a dvi file type details pl d as in this example details pl d test pre bop push down3 0000 Oo post where are the intervening opcodes To get statistics on how many times each opcode is called use the D option details pl D test set char 0 0 set char 1 0 pop 25 right1 0 right2 7 I have only shown a few of the 255 opcodes Finally if you want a succint summary of the opcodes used use the u option or no option at all APPENDIX C PERL SCRIPTS 30 details pl u test SUMMARY Number of characters set total 314 at or below position 127 314 above position 127 Number of rules Number of nops Number of bops Number of eops Number of font changes Number of specials Number of font definitions Number of undefined opcodes o Oo00d00000on The Number of characters set reflects the total number of characters set that is if you were to type this document on a typewriter how many times you would have to hit a key Sort of Note that strictly speaking this script could just about as easily use dvitype to do its work but where is the fun in that
23. rites a page to a dvi file it inserts codes indicating the begin ning BOP and end EOP of the page The number of physical pages is thus the number of BOP s in the dvi file At the start of each physical page TEX records additional information indicating what page number will appear when the dvi file is printed More precisely it stores the contents of the first ten Ncount registers the first of which is usually the register used to store the page number printed at the bottom of the page This page number is the TEX page Thus it is possible to have a dvi file that when printed consists of 10 physical pieces of papers where each page has the number 1 printed at the bottom of the page For example the file test dvi consists of 6 physical pages with TEX page numbers 1 2 3 4 1 3 dvii p test 1 1 2 2 3 3 4 4 5 1 6 3 U UO CU CU CU The first number in the bracket is the physical page while the second is the TEX page If you want to suppress the display of physical pages use the P option see section 3 13 17 Chapter 5 Fonts Internally TEX refers to each font via a font number Each font number cor responds to an external font name and a scaling factor For example the file test dvi calls upon 3 fonts fonts 0 23 and 50 In this case font 0 refers to a font named cmr10 scaled at magnification 1000 dvii ouputs font information in the following format f n
24. t every other option so its main use is to detect files that are probably not dvi files Ses section 15 of dvitype web for more information Example of use dvii c test dvi dvi file test dvi passed validation check level 0 3 2 C perform more rigorous and slower va lidity check Note this is a capital C This command causes dvii to traverse the entire dvi file parsing each opcode If the dvi file is corrupted this command will detect it CHAPTER 3 ALL THE COMMAND LINE OPTIONS 8 However you pay for this C is much slower than c dvii C test dvi file test dvi passed validation check level 1 3 3 d dump opcodes This option is available in version 0 42 and later This option which implies the C option displays all the opcodes to printed starting with pre Here is a sample dvii d test 247 139 141 159 142 0 0000 0 248 dvi file test dvi passed validation check level 1 where are many opcodes The script details pl uses this mode to create an opcode summary of the file see section C 3 for more information on details pl 3 4 f display fonts If you want to list all the fonts used in a dvi file use the f option Note that different sizes of the same font will list separately dvii f test f 50 cmr10 1200 4b 16079 f 23 cmbx10 1000 1a 22256 f 0 cmr10 1000 4bf 16079 The file test dvi calls 3 fonts font number 50 is cmri0 at s
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