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Softune C Compiler Manual(1.11)

1. 1 rane m Hom vein abies nad en ur uns Tha ma procured nori un uam opm m ood omm T Las cum keie ure arma Tha nas fe ced sa mka ee nay cae Hi oa re Tha inar praa EST oiha rubr ica riy Baszas Tia peus mum 4 tasca ie oe nadar arse vi CONTENTS CHAPTER 1 GENERALu Did aaea Eee DX ONE ac PARVA MR EAE 1 11 256 COMPILER FUNCTIONS rci ten ree t ed eed ted 2 12 BASIC PROCESS OF 5 3 13 COC COMPILER BASIC FUNCTION Saa ae are aeae aa a aa m anaa aa tenes inns aaa 6 CHAPTER2 SETUP OF SYSTEM EMVIRONMENT BEFORE USING C COMPILER 9 24 FETOQL setter Ead itti eet ane eG ta Ge AE essere Let etus cele 10 2 2 JEIB9TI bIBS96 AL e dee LA 11 2 9 uOPT907 OPT911 OP T8906 ict tint ett e HER ae e rtc oe Eee ri ete pb vet 12 2 4 907 911 896 22 24 0 10 innen 13 2 55 TMP EE 14 2 6 EEEANG ote er c oreet eh tap
2. 65 3 5 9 Linkage Related 66 3 5 10 Option Related sinn ns nennen 68 3 6 5 etie toS etu et rS LE 69 3 7 MESSAGES GENERATED IN TRANSLATION PROCESS sss eene 71 CHAPTER4 OBJECT PROGRAM 73 4 11 fcc907s COMMAND SECTION STRUCTURE ssssssssssssseee nennen 74 4 2 fcc911s COMMAND SECTION 77 4 3 8965 COMMAND SECTION STRUCTURE sssssssssssssseeee ener enn tetr nensi nenr inneren nnn 79 4 4 MEMORY MODELS 5 rd eed pese bee a ede Ye 81 4 5 GENERATION RULES FOR NAMES USED BY COMPILER 83 4 6 9075 COMMAND BOUNDARY 87 84 4 7 9115 COMMAND BOUNDARY ALIGNMENT 0 0 0 00000000 85 4 8 8965 COMMAND BOUNDARY ALIGNMENT sesssessseseeeeeneneee nennen nennen snnt ener sinn nnns 86 4 9 fcc907s COMMAND BIT 87 4 10 fcc911s COMMAND BIT F
3. fcc911s Command Interrupt Stack fcc911s Command Interrupt Vector Table sse fcc896s Command Interrupt Stack fcc896s Command Interrupt Vector Relationship between Startup Routine and User Function Calling Example of DCLEAR Section sssssssssss esee Example of DTRANS Area Change Brought About by Sbrk Function xi TABLES Table 3 2 1 Table 3 4 1 Table 3 4 2 Table 3 4 3 Table 3 4 4 Table 3 4 5 Table 3 4 6 Table 3 4 7 Table 3 4 8 Table 3 5 1 Table 3 5 2 Table 3 7 1 Table 4 1 1 Table 4 2 1 Table 4 3 1 Table 4 4 1 Table 4 5 1 Table 4 6 1 Table 4 7 1 Table 4 8 1 Table 4 15 1 Table 4 15 2 Table 4 15 3 Table 4 16 1 Table 4 16 2 Table 4 16 3 Table 4 17 1 Table 4 17 2 Table 4 17 3 Table 5 15 1 Table 6 1 1 xii Relationship between Extensions and Command Processes 19 Listiof Command Options Etre tete ite rei e 23 List of Icc9075 Command Options ien cibos te osea 24 List of fcc9 11s Command OpUOISs i emu eoo ats bot s ements 25 List of fcc896S C
4. 28 68 option 21 options for compiling process control 4 Sed aac daa DR o PR ae 185 DUIDUL MG DET PEDE E ES 185 output object related 28 58 P position within command line 21 pragma 137 preprocessor related option 28 32 PCS oC Ye de P pet 184 process low level 187 R read function sve a da voa cR Rode 191 211 register bank number setup function 156 register guarantee 104 113 121 register 104 113 121 return 105 114 122 INDEX S Sbrk funcion 195 211 sbrk c source program list 212 213 section name change function 154 section 7A 77 79 22 simulator debugger setup 205 207 special port sens sas oe tee dope ext tos 210 specifying function 153 159 stack bank automatic distinction function 160 stack frame 99 107 116 standard error 185 standard input output 185 standard library function 187 startup routine creation 174 175 176 sidarg Sata ASA
5. E a A 83 compiler translation 169 compiler dependent language specification differential D data output related 28 36 debug information related option 28 64 debugger setup 205 207 default option file 70 21 description by asm statement 134 description by pragma instruction 137 direct area access 149 directory 20 dynamic allocation area change 212 213 E error level 71 error output 185 206 208 209 21 execution process 172 expressible value range 202 extension 1 102 111 119 F fcc896s command 4 168 fcc896s command 118 fcc896s command argument extension format 119 fcc896s command bit 91 fcc896s command boundary alignment 86 fcc896s command calling procedure 120 fcc896s command function call interface 115 fcc896s command interrupt function call interface 129 fcc896s command interrupt function calling procedure 131 fcc896s command interrupt stack frame 130
6. Code section CODE Data section DATA Initialized section INIT Constant section CONST Table 7 1 5 cc896s Command Library Section Names Section Type Section Name Code section Data section Initialized section Constant section 180 7 2 RELATIONSHIP TO LIBRARY INCORPORATING SYSTEM 7 2 RELATIONSHIP TO LIBRARY INCORPORATING SYSTEM This section describes the relationship between the libraries and library incorporating system System dependent Processes File input output memory management and program termination procedures are the processes dependent on the system When such system dependent processes are needed the libraries issue a call as a low level function For the details of low level functions see Chapter 8 Library Incorporation When using the libraries prepare such low level functions in accordance with the system E Low level Function System dependent Process Types The low level function types and their roles are summarized below For the detailed feature descriptions of low level functions see 8 5 Low level Function Specifications open close read write lseek isatty sbrk exit abort Function for opening a file in the system Function for closing a file in the system Function for reading characters from a file Function for writing characters into a file Function for changing the file position Function for checking wh
7. 127 4 19 2 fcc911s Command Interrupt Function Calling 128 4 20 fcc896s COMMAND INTERRUPT FUNCITON CALL 129 4 20 1 fcc896s Command Interrupt Stack 130 4 20 2 fcc896s Command Interrupt Function Calling 131 CHAPTER5 EXTENDED LANGUAGE SPECIFICATIONS 133 5 1 ASSEMBLER DESCRIPITON 134 5 2 INTERRUPT CONTROL 68 1222 000 00010000010000000 000000000000000000 entren nnns nnn nnns 141 5 3 I O AREA ACCESS 2 aa a a aa a a a E aa a Aa 146 5 4 direct AREA ACCESS FUNCT ON ae ra a raa a aa aa 149 5 5 16 BIT 24 BIT ADDRESSING ACCESS FUNCTION sessi nennen 151 5 6 IN LINE EXPANSION SPECIFYING 153 5 7 SECTION NAME CHANGE 154 5 8 REGISTER BANK NUMBER SETUP 156 5 9 INTERRUPT EEVEE SETUP FUNGT ION thai tne tte tette tne inre elec Ree ec rtl 157 5 10 SYSTEM STACK USE SPECIFYING FUNCTION essent nennen nnne sinn 159 5 11 STACK BANK AUTOMATIC DISTINCTION FUNCTION eene 160 5 12 NO REGISTER SAVE INTERRUPT FUNC FUNCTION essent 161 5 13 BUIET IN FUNGTIGQN ze tee pucri
8. The file having this extension is regarded as a linked absolute file and an error output is generated No absolute file can be specified Example fcc907s filel c file2 i cpu MB90F553A A file named 1 1 subjected to preprocessing compiling and assembling A file named ile2 i is then subjected to compiling and assembling to generate files named filel objand file2 0bj fcc911s filel c file2 i cpu MB91F154 fcc896s filel c file2 i cpu MB89P935B A file named ile1 c is subjected to preprocessing compiling and assembling A file named file2 i is then subjected to compiling assembling and linking in order named to generate a file named f ile1l abs 19 CHAPTER 3 OPERATION 3 3 FILE NAMES AND DIRECTORY NAMES The following characters are applicable to file names and directory names B File Names and Directory Names 20 Windows95 WindowsNT version Alphanumeric characters symbols except lt gt and Shift JIS kanji codes and Shift JIS 1 byte kana codes When long file name is specified as option and operand it should be enclosed by double quotation marks However do not use double quotation marks at setup environment variable with this file name Other Versions Underbar and alphanumeric characters however the first character must be the underbar or alphabetical character Module Name The module name is based on a file name It is fo
9. atte vp Ae eee E opu gu 162 viii 5 14 PREDEFINED MAGR QODS 7 aa eee oue atus tete eve a a de eu e due 167 5 15 LIMITATIONS ON COMPILER 169 CHAPTER6 EXECUTION ENVIRONMENT nnn enhn nnne annu 171 6 1 EXECUTION PROCESS OVERVIEW cccccscccccssccsccecseesesneeaecesceeeeecesesesseaseseceeceeseseseaeaaesaeceeeeesess 172 6 22 STARTUP ROUTINE CREATION ee RNa cca ols 174 CHAPTER 7 LIBRARY OVERVIEW oie cccSi cai cowed aoa 177 TA FILE ORGANIZATION m eth tete tuendi batte dake 178 7 2 RELATIONSHIP TO LIBRARY INCORPORATING 6 5 44 181 CHAPTERS8 LIBRARY INCORPORATION 183 81 LIBRARY INCORPORATION 1 000000 184 8 2 INITIALIZATION TERMINATION PROCESS REQUIRED FOR LIBRARY 6 185 83 LOW LEVEL FUNCTION TYPES caeiiiaeaanoaa aa i aLL aiia 186 84 STANDARD LIBRARY FUNCTIONS AND REQUIRED PROCESS LOW LEVEL FUNCTIONS 187 85 LOW LEVEL FUNCTION SPECIFICAITONG ccccccccccecccececsesseseeeeceeceeceeceesesseaaeceeeeeseseeeeserseaaees 188 8 5 1 OPEN FUMCUION cR 189 8 5 2 close A AEE tuat ai ei tele 190 8 5 3 read tse A T 191 8544 t tret ettet cetero teles Osee
10. printf Hello n Create a C source file named test c as shown above Compile using the following command fcc911s cpu MB91F154 test c At completion of the preceding step test abs is created Execute the created file with the simulator debugger After startup input following commands gt set inport ascii h 0 h ff TERMINAL gt set outport ascii h 1 h ff TERMINAL gt end Since standard input is not involved in the above example the set inport command can be omitted 10 3 fcc907s COMMAND LOW LEVEL FUNCITON LIBRARY USE 10 3 fcc907s COMMAND LOW LEVEL FUNCITON LIBRARY USE This section describes the load module creation and simulator debugger setup procedures to be performed for low level function library use B Initialization No initialization is required except for steam init function calling When creating the startup routine in accordance with the system call the stream init function prior to main function calling Load Module Creation After completing creation of the necessary program compile and link all the necessary modules Link the following libraries in accordance with the memory model Select a low level library in accordance with the host that starts the simulator debugger Table 0 3 1 Libraries to be Linked for Load Module Creation Memory Model ramconst Standard Library Low level Library lib907s lib lib907sif lib Specified lib905s lib lib905sif lib lib902s lib lib902sif
11. 123 CHAPTER 4 OBJECT PROGRAM STRUCTURE 4 18 1 fcc907s Command Interrupt Stack Frame When an interrupt occurs the stack is changed to the interrupt stack fcc907s Command Interrupt Stack Frame When an interrupt occurs the stack pointer USP is replaced by the interrupt stack pointer SSP Within the interrupt function the interrupt stack pointer is used as the normal stack pointer Figure 4 18 1 shows the interrupt stack frame status prevailing immediately after interrupt generation Low MSB LSB High Figure 4 18 1 cc907s Command Interrupt Stack Frame 124 4 18 fcc907s COMMAND INTERRUPT FUNCITON CALL INTERFACE 4 18 2 fcc907s Command Interrupt Function Calling Procedure The interrupt function is called by an interrupt via the interrupt vector table If the interrupt function is called by any other method no subsequent operations will be guaranteed cc907s Command Interrupt Function Calling Procedure Figure 4 18 2 shows an example interrupt vector table Low FFFC00 gt Interrupt function address 255 FFFC04 gt Interrupt function address 1 Interrupt function address 0 High Vector No 255 Vector No 1 Vector No 0 Figure 4 18 2 cc907s Command Interrupt Vector Table 125 CHAPTER 4 OBJECT PROGRAM STRUCTURE 4 19 fcc911s COMMAND INTERRUPT FUNCITON CALL INTERFACE The interrupt function can be written using the interrupt type qualifier If t
12. 9075 Command Function Call and Return Periods 104 fcc907s Command Return Value Interface Stated in Standard Linkage Regulations105 91 15 Command Argument Extension Format 111 Register Regulations for fCC9 11s Command Function Call and Return Periods 113 fcc911s Command Return Value Interface Stated in Standard Linkage Regulations1 14 fcc896s Command Argument Extension 119 Register Regulations for 8965 Command Function Call and Return Periods 121 fcc896s Command Return Value Interface Stated in Standard Linkage Regulations122 Translation 22 2 2 169 fcc907s Command Register Status Prevailing at Return from User 173 Table 6 1 2 Table 6 1 3 Table 7 1 1 Table 7 1 2 Table 7 1 3 Table 7 1 4 Table 7 1 5 Table 8 4 1 Table 9 1 1 Table 9 2 1 Table 0 3 1 Table 0 5 1 Table 0 5 2 91 15 Command Register Status Prevailing at Return from User Program 173 fcc896s Command Register Status Prevailing at Return from User Program 173 General purpose Standard Library for 90 75 Command 178 Simulator Debugger Low level Function Library for 1 9075 178 9075 Command Se
13. Xhelp Cancels the help option XI Cancels the option INF NOLINENO Cancels the LINENO suboption INF NOLIST Cancels the LIST suboption INF NOSRCIN Cancels the SRCIN suboption INF NOSTACK Cancels the STACK suboption ALIAS Cancels the NOALIAS suboption INTLIB Cancels the NOINTLIB suboption NOEOPT Cancels the EOPT suboption NOLIB Cancels the LIB suboption NOREALOS Cancels the REALOS suboption UNROLL Cancels the NOUNROLL suboption VOLATILE Cancels the NOVOLATILE suboption Cancels the option Cancels the s option Cancels the T item specifying Cancels the option Cancels the option Xxauto Cancels the xauto option XY item Cancels the Y item specifying 26 Table 3 4 6 List of cc907s Command Cancel Options Specifying Format Function K NOADDSP Cancels the ADDSP suboption K NOARRAY Cancels the ARRAY suboption Xpack Cancels the pack option Xdiv905 Cancels the div905 option Xramconst Cancels the ramconst option Table 3 4 7 List of cc911s Command Cancel Options Specifying Format Function Cancels the option Cancels the L option Cancels the 1 option Cancels the m option Cancels the option Cancels the ro option Cancels the sc option Xstartup Cancels the startup option Table 3 4 8 List
14. The header file can be acquired using the C program include instruction When the absolute pathname is specified the header file enclosed within angular brackets is searched for in the directory specified by absolute pathname When the absolute pathname is not specified the standard directory is searched The standard header file is supplied by the C compiler The header file enclosed by double quotation marks is searched for in a directory specified by the absolute pathname If the absolute pathname is not specified such a header file is searched for a directory having file containing a include line If the header file is not found in a directory having a file containing a include line the standard directory is searched next The I option makes it possible to add a directory for header file search Example fcc907s cpu 90 55 I include file c 9115 cpu MB91F154 I include file c fcc896s cpu MB89P935B I include file c At the input given above the command searches for the header file enclosed within angular brackets in the order shown below 1 include 2 Standard directory The header file enclosed by double quotation marks is searched for in the order shown below 1 Current directory having file containing a include line 2 include 3 Standard directory The I option can be specified a desired number of times When it is specified two or more times search opera
15. This section describes the operations specific to the libraries Operations Specific to Libraries 1 Diagnostic information printed out by the assert function and assert function termination operation Diagnostic Information lt Program Diagnosis information of fail expression gt file File name expanded by FILE line Line number expanded by LINE expression Expression Termination Operation Same as the abort function calling 2 Inspection character sets for isalnum isalpha iscntrl islower isprint and isupper functions isalnum Oto9 atoz orAtOoZ isalpha atozorAtoz iscntrl M00 to 037 071177 islower atoz isprint 040 to 176 isupper AtoZ 3 Mathematical function return value upon definition area error occurrence qNaN 4 Whether the mathematical function sets up the macro ERANGE value for errno upon underflow condition occurrence ERANGE The detectable result value must be 0 07 0 The undetectable result value is undefined It depends on the function 5 When the second actual argument for the fmod function is 0 the definition area error must occur or the value 0 must be returned The definition area error must occur 6 File buffering characteristics Input File Buffering Characteristics IOLBF IOFBF Full buffering IONBF No buffering 221 APPENDIX Output File Buffering Characteristics IOFBF Full buffering IOLBF Line buffering
16. When an argument is to be stored in the stack its type is converted to an extended type in accordance with the individual argument type The argument is freed by the caller function after the return from the callee function is made B cc911s Command Argument Extension Format Table 4 16 1 shows the argument extension format Table 4 16 1 cc911s Command Argument Extension Format Actual Argument Type char Extended int Stack Storage Size Byte signed char int unsigned char int short int unsigned short int int No extension unsigned int No extension long No extension unsigned long No extension float double double No extension long double No extension Pointer address No extension Structure union 1 The extended type represents an extended type that is provided when no argument type is given When a prototype declaration is made it is complied with 2 When a structure union is to be delivered as an argument the caller copies it to the local variable area and delivers the address of that area 111 CHAPTER 4 OBJECT PROGRAM STRUCTURE 4 16 4 fcc911s Command Calling Procedure The caller function initiates branching to the callee function after argument storage B cc911s Command Calling Procedure Figure 4 16 4 shows the stack frame prevailing at calling in compliance with the sta
17. eed Erbe 192 8 5 5 Iseelci Unctlon cs n ess iecoris nt otim Nu eee Ls Lats tia estuve St ese 193 8 5 6 isalty F rictiori cede ct cet eee le ee ee 194 8 5 7 SDM Unctionis eot E dto iret c et eU POE sada BNET ERE EUER RE RET ESSE USD 195 85 87 xeXit EUDGUOD s 12 e Te IMP 196 8 5 9 i e te tet e eh ctu tel col bct esee ttes 197 CHAPTER9 COMPILER DEPENDENT SPECIFICATIONS 199 91 COMPILER DEPENDENT LANGUAGE SPECIFICAITON 200 9 2 FLOATING POINT DATA FORMAT AND EXPRESSIBLE VALUE 202 CHAPTERO SIMULATOR DEBUGGER LOW LEVEL FUNCTION LIBRARY 203 0 1 LOW LEVEL FUNCTION LIBRARY OVERVIEW ccccccccccccccccccsessesseseeceseeecesceeeseseaaeceeeeeeeseeeeses 204 0 2 fcc911s COMMAND LOW LEVEL FUNCITON LIBRARY 205 0 3 fcc907s COMMAND LOW LEVEL FUNCITON LIBRARY 207 0 4 fcc896s COMMAND LOW LEVEL FUNCITON LIBRARY 0 209 0 5 LOW LEVEL FUNC FUNCITON 0 cc ccccccccccccccessssseseseeceeeeeceesseeseasecaeceeecesesceeesesasaaeceeeeseessesenes sees 210 0 6 LOW LEVEL FUNCITON LIBRARY CHANGE ccccccccccccesceeccecsesseeeaeeeceeeeeseeecs
18. to preprocessing and compiling and a file named file2 i to compiling Performs nothing for a file named ile3 asm As a result files named ilel asm and f ile2 asm are generated in the current directory 31 CHAPTER 3 OPERATION 3 5 2 Preprocessor Related Options This section describes the options related to preprocessor operations If the preprocessor is not called the preprocessor related options are invalid Preprocessor Related Options 32 The preprocessor related options are detailed below O B O XB The B option allows C style comments When specifying this option style in addition to style can be used The XB option cancels the B option O c O The option retains all comments except those which in the preprocessing instruction line as the preprocessing result If the option is not specified the comments are replaced by one blank character The option cancels the option Output Example Input Comment void func void Operation fcc907s C E cpu MB90F553A sample c 9115 C E cpu MB91F154 sample c fcc896s C E cpu MB89P935B sample c Output 1 test5 c Comment void func void D name tokens This option defines the macro name with the tokens used as the macro definition The option is equivalent to the following define instruction define name tokens If tokens entry is omitted the value 1 is g
19. CPU MB number Selects MB number specified by the cpu option as definition CPUFR Selects 1 as definition 167 CHAPTER 5 EXTENDED LANGUAGE SPECIFICATIONS B Macros Predefined by cc896s Command The cc896s command predefines the following macros Macro Name Description COMPILER FCC896S Selects 1 as definition CPU MB number Selects MB number specified by the cpu option as definition CPU 8L Selects 1 as definition 168 5 15 LIMITATIONS ON COMPILER TRANSLATION 5 15 LIMITATIONS ON COMPILER TRANSLATION Table 5 15 1 shows the translation limitations to be imposed when the compiler is used The table also indicates the minimum ANSI requirements to be met B Limitations on Compiler Translation Table 5 15 1 List of Translation Limitations Function Count of nesting levels for a compound statement repetition control structure and selection ANSI Standard Compiler control structure 3 2 Count of nesting levels for condition incorporation 8 oo 3 Count of pointers arrays and function declarators any combinations of these for qualify 12 ing one arithmetic type structure type union type or incomplete type a declaration 4 Count of nests provided by parentheses for one complete declarator 31 oo 5 Count of nest expressions provided by parentheses for one complete expression 32 oo 6 Count of valid
20. FUJITSU SEMICONDUCTOR CM81 00204 1E CONTROLLER MANUAL FR FAMILY F2MC FAMILY 32 16 8 BIT MICROCONTROLLER SOFTUNE C COMPILER MANUAL FUJITSU FR FAMILY F2MC FAMILY 32 16 8 BIT MICROCONTROLLER SOFTUNE C COMPILER MANUAL FUJITSU LIMITED PREFACE Objective of This Manual and Target Readers This manual describes the 16 family C compiler hereinafter referred to as the compiler usage procedures and libraries This manual is prepared for persons who use the above mentioned compiler and create and development application programs in C language This manual is to be read by persons who have a basic knowledge of each MCU Micro Controller Unit The compiler described in this manual conforms to the American National Standard for Information Systems Programming Language C X3 159 1989 which is abbreviated ANSI standard in this manual E Notes on Trademarks Microsoft and Windows are registered trademarks of Microsoft Corp UNIX is a registered trademark that X Open Co Ltd has licensed in the United States and other countries Other trademarks or registered trademarks are the property of their respective owners The or amp mark is not used within this manual Composition of Manual This manual consists of the following chapters Chapter 1 GENERAL This chapter outlines the C compiler Chapter 2 SETUP OF SYSTEM EMVIRONMENT BEFORE USING C COMPILER This chapter describes the C co
21. SP SSP gt PC prevailing at interrupt generation PS prevailing at interrupt generation High Figure 4 19 1 cc911s Command Interrupt Stack Frame 127 CHAPTER 4 OBJECT PROGRAM STRUCTURE 4 19 2 fcc911s Command Interrupt Function Calling Procedure The interrupt function is called by an interrupt via the interrupt vector table If the interrupt function is called by any other method no subsequent operations will be guaranteed B cc911s Command Interrupt Function Calling Procedure Figure 4 19 2 shows an example interrupt vector table Low gt Interrupt function address 255 Vector No 255 Interrupt function address 1 Vector No 1 Interrupt function address 0 Vector No 0 High Figure 4 19 2 cc911s Command Interrupt Vector Table When an interrupt is generated the vector table corresponding to the interrupt vector number is referenced according to the following calculation TBR Ox 3FC 4 X vector number For the details of interrupts refer to the FR20 Architecture Manual 128 4 20 fcc896s COMMAND INTERRUPT FUNCITON CALL INTERFACE 4 20 fcc896s COMMAND INTERRUPT FUNCITON CALL INTERFACE The interrupt function can be written using the interrupt type qualifier If the interrupt function is called by a method other than an interrupt no subsequent operations will be guaranteed The function call interface within the interrupt function is the same as stated in the standard
22. This option performs processes up to assembling and outputs the resultant object to file extension changed to obj If the input file is an object file the c option does not do anything The option cannot be used with the cc907s command Example 9115 c cpu MB91F154 sample c fcc896s c cpu MB89P935B sample c The sample c preprocessing and compiling process result is output to the sample obj The relationship among file types translation control related options and processes is shown in Table 3 5 2 Table 3 5 2 Relationship Among File Types Translation Control Related Options and Processes Option File Type Extension Nothing Specified C source file P C A and L Preprocessed C source file i C AandL Assembler source file asm AandL Object file ob3 L P Preprocessing C Compiling A Assembling L Linking 30 3 5 DETAILS OF OPTIONS The cc907s command does not call linker Example fcc907s E filel c file2 i cpu MB90F553A 9115 E filel c file2 i cpu MB91F154 fcc896s E filel c file2 i cpu MB89P935B Subjects a file named file1 to preprocessing only and outputs the result to the standard output Performs nothing for a file named ile2 i fcc907s E filel c file2 i file3 asm cpu MB90F553A 9115 E filel c file2 i file3 asm cpu 91 154 fcc896s E filel c file2 i file3 asm cpu MB89P935B Subjects file named 1 1
23. Unoccupied Figure 4 10 2 Example 2 of Bit Field Data Size and Boundary Alignment for cc911s Command When a bit field having a bit length of 0 is declared it is forcibly assigned to the next storage unit An example is shown in Figure 4 10 3 89 CHAPTER 4 OBJECT PROGRAM STRUCTURE struct tag3 int A 10 int B 5 int 0 int C 6 31 MSB 25 21 16 0 LSB A B Unoccupied Unoccupied Figure 4 10 3 Example 3 of Bit Field Data Size and Boundary Alignment for cc911s Command 90 4 11 fcc896s COMMAND BIT FIELD 4 11 fcc896s COMMAND BIT FIELD This section describes the bit field data size and boundary alignment for the cc896s command The bit field data is assigned to a storage unit that has an adequate size for bit field data retention and is located at the smallest address fcc896s Command Bit Field Consecutive bit field data are packed at consecutive bits having the same storage unit without regard to the type beginning with the LSB and continuing toward the MSB An example is shown in Figure 4 11 1 struct tagl int A 10 short B 3 char C 2 15 MSB 13 10 0 LSB Unoccupied C B A Figure 4 11 1 Example 1 of Bit Field Data Size and Boundary Alignment for cc896s Command If a field to be assigned lies over a bit field type boundary its assignment is completed by aligning it with a boundary suitable for the type An example
24. ENTER 4 LEAVE LD SP RP RET s CODE PROGRAM CODE SECTION GLOBAL func PROGRAM CODE PROGRAM CODE PROGRAM CODE LOCATE H 0 H 1000 0 1000 S cpu 91 154 sample c LOCATE H 00001000 0x1000 S cpu MB89P935B sample c LOCATE H 1000 This option specifies the minimum assignment boundary for external and static variables The A4 suboption selects a 4 byte boundary as the minimum assignment boundary When the 4 byte minimum assignment boundary is used increased code generation efficiency is provided for in line expansion of character string operations when K lib is specified Erroneous code operations occur if boundary alignment is incorrect Therefore if an object for which the A4 suboption is specified is linked to an object for which the A4 suboption is not specified erratic operations may result Also generation of useless areas may be invoked by boundary alignment causin g the object increase The A1 suboption selects a 1 byte boundary as the minimum assignment boundary 60 3 5 DETAILS OF OPTIONS This option can be specified for the cc911s command only If neither of the above two suboptions is specified A1 applies Output Example Input char c Operation 9115 K 4 5 cpu MB91F154 sample c Output SECTION DATA DATA ALIGN 4 GLOBAL c _ Positioned at 4 byte boundary RES B 4 O K SARG DARG This option specifies type of acquisition of
25. IONBF No buffering Full Buffering Buffering is conducted using all the preset buffer areas When the input function is called at the time of input from a file any data remaining in the buffer is returned as the input from the file If the buffer is emptied of data or does not have sufficient data the input from the file is received until the buffer is filled up and then only the necessary amount is returned as the input At the time of output to a file the output function writes into the buffer instead of outputting into the file When the buffer is filled up by the write operation the buffer outputs its entire contents to the file Line Buffering Buffering is conducted for each output line No Buffering File input output is implemented in compliance with the input output request made by input output function calling Unlike the other buffering operations no data will be saved into the memory 7 Pointer size for sp format conversion The cc907s command handles the small model and medium model using 16 bits and the large model and compact model using 32 bits 8 sp format conversion output format for fprintf function Small Model Medium Model If the digit count is less than 4 in cases where the 4 digit hexadecimal notation is employed leading Os are added as needed The alphabetical characters used are uppercased Large Model Compact Model Same as for the small model except that the digit count is 8 N
26. dynamic allocation area size in bytes define HEEP SIZE 16 1024 Use the following commands to compile and update the library 9115 c sbrk c flib911s r sbrk obj 11b911if 1ib When the above change is made the dynamic allocation area is secured as the sbrk c static external variable without being positioned at the beginning of the stack cc911s Command sbrk c Source Program List The source program required for changing the dynamic area is shown below The file name must be sbrk c define HEEP SIZE 16 1024 static long brk_siz 0 if HEEP_SIZE typedef int _heep t define ROUNDUP 5 s sizeof _heep_t 1 amp sizeof _heep_t 1 static _ t _heep ROUNDUP HEEP SIZE sizeof heep t define heep size ROUNDUP HEEP SIZE 1 extern char heep extern long _ size endif extern char sbrk int size if brk siz size gt _heep_size brk siz size 0 return char 1 brk siz size return char heep brk siz size 213 CHAPTER 10 SIMULATOR DEBUGGER LOW LEVEL FUNCTION LIBRARY 214 APPENDIX The Appendix gives a list of types macros variables and functions provided by the library and the operations specific to the libraries A B Notes when FFMC 16LX CPU is used are described C Appendix A List of Type Macro Variable and Function Appendix B Operation Specific to Libraries Appendix C Notes of Signed Division Instruction
27. Output Example Input extern unsigned int arg2 ans extern unsigned long argl void sample ans _ modu argl arg2 fcc907s Command Output MOVL argl MOVW arg2 MODUW RWO MOVW A RWO MOVW ans A 166 5 14 PREDEFINED MACROS 5 14 PREDEFINED MACROS This section describes the macro names predefined by the compiler B Macros Stipulated by ANSI Standard The ANSI standard stipulates the following macros Macro Name Description Defines line number of current source line Defines source file name Defines source file translation date Defines source file translation time Macro indicating that the processing system meets requirements When the Ja option is specified 0 is selected as the definition When the Jc option is specified 1 is selected as the definition B Macros Predefined by cc907s Command The cc907s command predefines the following macros Macro Name Description COMPILER FCC907S Selects 1 as definition CPU MB number Selects MB number specified by the cpu option as definition CPU 161 __ Selects 1 as definition for macro of certain series name in accordance with MB number specified by CPU 16 the cpu option CPU 16F B Macros Predefined by cc911s Command The cc911s command predefines the following macros Macro Name Description COMPILER FCC911S Selects 1 as definition
28. a program running under REALOS is to be prepared For the ITRON system call function refer to the REALOS 907 Kernel Manual When specifying the REALOS suboption be sure to include the system call declaration header file provided by the REALOS If the REALOS suboption is specified without including the system call declaration header file and system call in line expansion is initiated the operation is not guaranteed because it is possible that an adequate argument type check has not been completed The NOREALOS suboption cancels the REALOS suboption 47 CHAPTER 3 OPERATION Output Example Input include scdef w h void func void ext tsk Operation fcc907s K realos cpu MB90F553A S sample c Output INTP ext tsk BRA Input include itron h include realos h void func void ext tsk Operation fcc911s K realos cpu MB91F154 S sample c Output LDI 8 43 21 R12 EXTSB R12 INT 64 Input include scdef w h void func void ext tsk Operation fcc896s K realos cpu MB89P935B S sample c Output INTP ext tsk BRA O K UBIT SBIT This option specifies whether or not to treat the most significant bit as a sign bit in situations where the char short int int or long int type is selected as the bit field When the UBIT suboption is specified the most significant bit will not be treated as a sign bit When the SBIT suboption is specified the most significant bit wil
29. a vector number between 0 and 21 No reset vector and reset mode are included in the vector table They must be defined separately by the asm statement 145 CHAPTER 5 EXTENDED LANGUAGE SPECIFICATIONS 5 3 I O AREA ACCESS FUNCTION The I O area operation variable can be defined by specifying the __io type qualifier E I O Area Access Function General Format extern io Variable definition Explanation A variable operating an I O area defined at addresses between 0x00 and Oxff can be defined by specifying the io type qualifier Since a highly efficient dedicated instruction is provided for I O area access a higher speed more compact object can be generated This instruction cannot be used for variables operating an I O area positioned at addresses higher than Oxff To define a variable that accesses such an area use the volatile type qualifier The initial value cannot be specified for variables for which the io type qualifier is specified When the specified variable is for a structure or union it is assumed that all members are positioned in the I O area The variable cannot be specified for structure or union members For the variable for which the io type qualifier is specified compilation is conducted on the assumption that the volatile type qualifier is specified When the K NOVOLATILE option is specified the volatile type qualifier is not assumed to be specified for the variable for which the __io
30. and low level functions and the associated initialization and termination processes and low level functions Table 8 4 1 Standard Library Functions and Required Processes Low level Functions Standard Library Function Low level Function Initialization Termination Process assert open close Stream area initialization process standard input output and abort read write standard error output opening and closing lseek isatty sbrk abort All stdio h functions open close Stream area initialization process standard input output and read write standard error output opening and closing lseek isatty sbrk calloc sbrk malloc realloc free exit open close Stream area initialization process standard input output and read write standard error output opening and closing lseek isatty sbrk exit Note When the abort function and exit function are called they perform the closing process for open files Therefore the file manipulation related low level functions open close read write lseek and sbrk and stream area initialization and like processes are required In a program that is not using a file the abort function can be directly called instead of the abort function In a program for which function registration is not completed using the atexit function the exit function can be directly called instead of the exit function
31. area When a function is called this area is used for argument transfer When the argument is set up by the caller function this area is referred to as the actual argument area When the argument is referenced by the callee function this area is referred to as the virtual argument area For details see 4 15 2 cc907s Command Argument 7 Return value area When a structure union double or long double type return function is called this area is secured by the caller function This area does not always have to be secured at this location However the callee function performs processing on the assumption that this area is secured in the stack Therefore if this area is secured outside the stack no subsequent operations will be guaranteed The compiler secures the double long double type return function return value area which overlaps the actual argument area This is so done as to enhance the object efficiency in some special cases Therefore when the double long double type return function stores the return value in the return value area it must start with the highest order address and continue sequentially toward the lowest order address Further a write operation must be conducted after all the virtual arguments are completely referenced 4 15 fcc907s COMMAND FUNCITON CALL INTERFACE 4 15 2 fcc907s Command Argument Argument transfer relative to the callee function is effected via the stack For an argument less than 2 by
32. directory specified by INC907 INC911 INC896 is regarded as the standard include directory If INC907C INC911 setup is not completed the directory placed at an offset from the directory specified by FETOOL FETOOL 1ib 907 include FETOOL 1ib 911 include or FETOOL 1ib 896 include is regarded as the standard header file directory No more than one directory can be specified Example For UNIX OS setenv INC907 usr local softune 1ib 907 include setenv INC911 usr local softune lib 911 include setenv INC896 usr local softune 1ib 896 include Example For Windows set INC907 c softune 1lib 907 include set INC911 c softune lib 911 include set INC896 c softune 1lib 896 include CHAPTER 2 SETUP OF SYSTEM EMVIRONMENT BEFORE USING C COMPILER 2 5 TMP Specify the directory for the temporary file to be used by the C compiler TMP General Format 1 For UNIX OS setenv TMP Temporary directory General Format 2 For Windows set TMP Temporary directory Specify the working directory for creating the temporary file to be used by the C compiler If TMP setup is not completed the temporary file is created in the tmp directory for UNIX OS or in the current directory for Windows No more than one directory can be specified Example For UNIX OS setenv TMP usr tmp Example For Windows set TMP c Ntmp 2 6 FELANG 2 6 FELANG Specify the code for messages B FELANG General Format 1 For UNIX OS setemv FE
33. float double long double near pointer address far pointer address 4 2 Structure union Explained later Explained later 84 4 7 fcc911s COMMAND BOUNDARY ALIGNMENT 4 7 fcc911s COMMAND BOUNDARY ALIGNMENT This section describes the standard data type and boundary alignment Table 4 7 1 shows the assignment rules B cc911s Command Boundary Alignment Table 4 7 1 cc911s Command Variable Assignment Rules Variable Type Sii Size a n char 1 1 Signed char 1 1 unsigned char 1 1 short 2 2 unsigned short 2 2 int 4 4 unsigned int 4 4 long 4 4 unsigned long 4 4 float 4 4 double 8 4 long double 8 4 Pointer address 4 4 Structure union Explained later Explained later Note When the K A4 option is specified 4 byte boundary alignment may be effected in some cases The K 4 option does not affect structure union member boundary alignment 85 CHAPTER 4 OBJECT PROGRAM STRUCTURE 4 8 fcc896s COMMAND BOUNDARY ALIGNMENT This section describes the standard data type and boundary alignment Table 4 8 1 shows the assignment rules fcc896s Command Boundary Alignment Table 4 8 1 cc896s Command Variable Assignment Rules Variable Type Ex te Size CTS char 1 1 Signed char 1 1 unsigned char 1 1 short 2 1 unsigned short 2 1 int 2 1 unsigned int 2 1 long 4 1 unsigned long 4 1 float 4 1
34. h head h O I dir O XI The 1 option changes the manner of header file search so that the directory specified by dir will be searched prior to the standard directory The standard directory is OINC907 cc907s command INC911 9115 command INC896 8965 command 33 CHAPTER 3 OPERATION This option can be specified more than one time The search will be conducted in the order of specifying When the option is specified the header file search will be conducted in the following directories in the order shown below Header file enclosed within angular brackets 1 Directory specified by the I option 2 Standard directory 34 3 5 DETAILS OF OPTIONS Header file enclosed by double quotation marks 1 Directory having a file containing the include line 2 Directory specified by the option 3 Standard directory If a header file is specified by specifying its absolute path name only the directory specified by the specified absolute path name will be searched If any nonexistent directory is specified this option is invalid The XI option cancels the option U name This option cancels the macro name definition specified by The option is equivalent to the following unde instruction undef name If the same name is specified by the D and U options the name definition will be canceled without regard to the order of option specifying This option can be spec
35. is shown in Figure 4 1 1 2 struct tag2 int A 12 int B 5 31 MSB 21 16 12 0 LSB Unoccupied B Unoccupied A Figure 4 11 2 Example 2 of Bit Field Data Size and Boundary Alignment for cc896s Command When a bit field having a bit length of 0 is declared it is forcibly assigned to the next storage unit An example is shown in Figure 4 1 1 3 91 CHAPTER 4 OBJECT PROGRAM STRUCTURE 92 struct tag3 int 5 int B 5 int 5 int C 6 15 5 10 0 LSB Unoccupied Unoccupied C Figure 4 11 3 Example 3 of Bit Field Data Size and Boundary Alignment for fcc896s Command 4 12 fcc907s COMMAND STRUCTURE UNION 4 12 fcc907s COMMAND STRUCTURE UNION This section describes the structure union data size and boundary alignment for the cc907s command The structure union data size is a multiple of the maximum boundary alignment size of the members Boundary alignment for the area itself is accomplished by means of member maximum boundary alignment The individual members are subjected to boundary alignment in accordance with the member type B cc907s Command Structure Union Figures 4 12 1 to 4 12 3 show examples concerning structure union data size and boundary alignment struct stl char A gt sizeof 5 1 1 BYTE struct st2 short A gt sizeof 5 2 2 BYTES struct st3 char A short B gt sizeof 5 3 4 BYTES struct st4 char A i
36. leading characters of internal identifier or macro name 31 oo 7 Count of valid leading characters of external identifier 6 254 8 Count of external identifiers of one translation unit 511 oo 9 Count of identifiers having the block valid range in one block 127 oo 10 Count of macro names that can be simultaneously defined by one translation unit 1024 oo 11 Count of virtual arguments in one function definition 31 oo 12 Count of actual arguments for one function call 31 oo 13 Count of virtual arguments in one macro definition 31 oo 14 Count of actual arguments in one macro call 31 oo 15 Maximum count of characters in one logical source line 509 oo 16 Count of characters ina linked byte character string literal or wide angle character string 509 92 literal terminal character included fcc896s 65535 17 Count of bytes of one arithmetic unit 32767 punt 9115 4G 18 Count of nesting levels for include file 8 252 19 Count of case name cards in one switch statement excluding nested switch state 257 m ments 20 Count of members of one structure or union 127 21 Count of enumerated type constants in one enumerated type 127 oo 22 Count of structure or union nesting levels for one structure declaration array 15 oo 169 CHAPTER 5 EXTENDED LANGUAGE SPECIFICATIONS Note Although the count of external identifier characters to be identified by the compiler is only 255 characters are output to the assembler If there are iden
37. local variable address is stored in the far pointer the USB or SSB value is used for the eight high order bits However if the local variable address is stored in the far pointer after it has been substituted or cast into the near pointer the DTB value is used so that erratic operations may result When a neartype qualified function is to be called from a far type qualified function both functions must be positioned in the same section The reason is that the PCB set up for __far type qualified function calling is used as is for__ near type qualified function calling Variables have to be adjusted to the bank boundary If not the generated code cannot access such variable correctly Output Example Input int near p int _ far void sample 1 q 2 151 CHAPTER 5 EXTENDED LANGUAGE SPECIFICATIONS 152 Output SECTION DATA e DATA ALIGN 2 FAR DATA S qd ALIGN 2 GLOBAL q RES B 2 SECTION DATA DATA ALIGN 2 ALIGN 2 GLOBAL p RES B 2 SECTION DATA e DATA ALIGN 2 FAR DATA E SECTION CODE CODE ALIGN 2 begin of function GLOBAL sample LINK 0 MOVN A 1 MOVW _p A MOV A bnksym_q MOV ADB A MOVN A 2 MOVW ADB _q A UNLINK 5 6 IN LINE EXPANSION SPECIFYING FUNCTION 5 6 IN LINE EXPANSION SPECIFYING FUNCTION This function specifies the user definition function for in line expansion In line expansion can be specified with the
38. more translation units no subsequent operations will be guaranteed The definition cannot be formulated two or more times for the same vector number However no error occurs if the definitions are identical No value other than an integer constant may be specified as the vector number Specify a vector number between 0 and 255 Reset vectors must always be arranged at OxFFFFC When setting TBR at locations other than OxFFCOO the reset vectors should be defined separately by the asm statement cc896s Command General Format pragma intvect Interrupt function name Vector number pragma defvect Interrupt function name Explanation pragma intvect generates an interrupt vector table for which the interrupt function is set pragma defvect specifies the default interrupt function to be set for interrupt vectors not specified by pragma intvect The interrupt vector table is generated in an independent section named INTVEC When pragma defvect is written tables for all vectors are generated Therefore all vector tables must be defined using the same translation unit If pragma defvect is not used pragma intvect can be written using two or more translation units The definition cannot be formulated two or more times for the same vector number However no error occurs if the definitions are for the same translation unit and are identical No value other than an integer constant may be specified as the vector number Specify
39. not have a special meaning Options are interpreted in the same manner no matter where in the command line they are specified Example 1 cc907s C E filel c file2 c cpu MB90F553A 2 cc907s filel c E file2 c C cpu MB90F553A 1 9115 C E filel c file2 c cpu MB91F154 2 fcc911s filel c E file2 c C cpu MB91F154 1 2 5 8965 filel c E file2 c C cpu MB89P935B fcc896s C E filel c file2 c cpu MB89P935B The same processing operations are performed for cases 1 and 2 Exclusiveness and Dependency Some options are mutually exclusive or dependent on each other For option exclusiveness and dependency see details of options 21 CHAPTER 3 OPERATION Case Sensitiveness 22 As regards the options their upper case and lower case characters are different from each other For example the O option is different from the o option However the upper and lower case characters of suboptions are not differentiated from each other For example the K eopt option is considered in the same as the K EOPT option The suboptions are the character strings that follow the K option or INF option 3 4 COMMAND OPTIONS 3 4 1 List of Command Options When executed without argument specifying the command outputs an option list to the standard output The options for the command are listed in Tables 3 4 1 to 3 4 4 The options listed in the tables can be recognized by the command E List of Comm
40. of cc896s Command Cancel Options Specifying Format Function Xe Cancels the option NOADDSP Cancels the ADDSP suboption NOARRAY Cancels the ARRAY suboption Cancels the L option Cancels the 1 option Xm Cancels the m option Cancels the ra option Cancels the ro option Cancels the sc option Xstartup Cancels the startup option 3 4 COMMAND OPTIONS 27 CHAPTER 3 OPERATION 3 5 DETAILS OF OPTIONS This section details the options 28 Translation Control Related Options The translation control related options are related to preprocessor compiler assembler and linker call control Preprocessor Related Options The preprocessor related options are related to preprocessor operations Data Output Related Options The data output related options are related to the command preprocessor and compiler data outputs Language Specification Related Options The language specification related options are related to the specification of the language to be recognized by the compiler Optimization Related Options The optimization related options are related to the optimization to be effected by the compiler Output Object Related Options The output object related options are related to the output object format Debug Information Related Options The debug information related options are related to
41. option B In line Expansion Specifying Function General Format pragma inline Function name Function name Explanation Recursively called functions cannot be subjected to in line expansion It should also be noted that functions may not be subjected to in line expansion depending on asm statement use structure union type argument presence set jmp function calling and other conditions When there are two or more descriptions for the same translation unit or in line expansion is specified by an option all the specified function names are valid The in line expansion specifying is invalid if the option is not specified 153 CHAPTER 5 EXTENDED LANGUAGE SPECIFICATIONS 5 7 SECTION NAME CHANGE FUNCTION This function is used to change the section name or section attribute and sets the section arrangement address Section Name Change Function 154 General Format pragma section DEFSECT NEWNAME attr SECTATTR locate ADDR Explanation The section name output by the compiler is changed from DEFSECT to NENAME and the section type is changed to SECTATTR In the cc907s command large compact and medium models and far type qualified variables and functions can be assigned a section name by prefixing them with FAR It is also possible to select an arrangement address of ADDR For the section name output by the compiler see 4 1 cc907s Command Section Structure 4 2 cc911s Comma
42. p pragma ssb void func void int a p amp a pragma nossb Output func LINK 2 MOV A SSB MOVEA A RW3 2 MOVL P UNLINK 159 CHAPTER 5 EXTENDED LANGUAGE SPECIFICATIONS 5 11 STACK BANK AUTOMATIC DISTINCTION FUNCTION This function is used to notify the compiler that the function is operative in both the system stack and user stack It can be used with the cc907s command only B Stack Bank Automatic Distinction Function General Format pragma except pragma noexcept Explanation pragma except notifies the compiler that the subsequently defined function is operative in both the system stack and user stack pragma noexcept clears such a specifying Always specify pragma except and pragma noexcept asa set Nesting is not possible pragma except cannot be written between pragma ssb and pragma nossb Output Example Input far int p pragma except void func void int a p amp a pragma noexcept Output func LINK 2 CALLP LOADSPB MOVEA A QRW34 2 MOVL P A UNLINK 160 5 12 NO REGISTER SAVE INTERRUPT FUNC FUNCTION 5 12 NO REGISTER SAVE INTERRUPT FUNC FUNCTION This function is used to specify no function saving It can be used with the cc907s or cc896s command only B No register save Interrupt Func Function General Format nosavereg Function definition Explanation nosavereg type qualifier can be specified to define a
43. pragma instructions If the P option is specified together with the option the preprocessing instruction generated by the preprocessor is inhibited If the input file is not a C source file the option does not do anything Example fcc907s E cpu MB90F553A sample c 9115 E cpu MB91F154 sample c 8965 E cpu MB89P935B sample c The sample c preprocessing result is output to the standard output O P This option subjects a C source file to preprocessing only and outputs the result to the file whose extension is changed to i Unlike the cases where the option is specified the output result does not contain the preprocessing instruction generated by the preprocessor If the input file is not a C source file the P option does not do anything 29 CHAPTER 3 OPERATION Example fcc907s P cpu MB90F553A sample c fcc911s P cpu MB91F154 sample c fcc896s P cpu MB89P935B sample c The sample c preprocessing result is output to the sample i O S This option performs processes up to compiling and outputs the resultant assembler source to file extension changed to asm If the input is neither a C source file nor a preprocessed C source file the S option does not do anything Example fcc907s S cpu MB90F553A sample c 9115 S cpu MB91F154 sample c fcc896s S cpu MB89P935B sample c The sample c preprocessing and compiling process result are output to the sample asm O c
44. source file An example of using the 8965 command is given below where is the command prompt Example 1 fcc896s cpu MB89P935B file c At the input given above the command regards file c as a C source file and if no error is detected generates an absolute file ile abs in the current directory Example 2 fcc896s o outfile cpu MB89P935B file c At the input given above the command generates an absolute file out file The command operation process can be controlled by specifying options such as o Options for Compiling Process Control P option When the option is specified the command calls up the preprocessor only and performs preprocessing to generate a preprocessed C source file in the current directory The extension of the generated file is changed to i 5 option When the S option is specified the command calls up the preprocessor and compiler and performs preprocessing and compiling to generate an assembler source file in the current directory The extension of the generated file is changed to asm e option only for cc911s and cc896s commands When the option is specified the command calls up the preprocessor compiler and assembler and performs preprocessing compiling and assembling to generate an object file in the current directory The extension of the generated file is changed to obj Note that this option cannot be specified for the cc907s command
45. the caller function frame pointer RW3 in the stack and then stores the prevailing stack pointer value in the stack as the new frame pointer value Subsequently the local variable area and caller function register save area are acquired from the stack to save the caller register Figure 4 15 4 shows the stack frame that is created by the callee function in compliance with the standard linkage regulations Low Callee function SP gt Return value address save area Register save area Local variable save area Callee function FP gt Old FP Return address storage area Caller function SP gt Virtual argument area Return value area Return value address save area Register save area Local variable save area Caller function FP gt High Figure 4 15 4 Stack Frame Created by Callee Function in Compliance with cc907s Command Standard Linkage Regulations 103 CHAPTER 4 OBJECT PROGRAM STRUCTURE 4 15 5 fcc907s Command Register This section describes the register guarantee and register setup regulations in the standard linkage regulations B cc907s Command Register Guarantee The callee function guarantees the following registers of the caller function General purpose registers RWO to RW3 RW6 RW7 and USP SSP The register guarantee is provided when the callee function acquires a new area from the stack and saves the register value in that area Note however that registers remaining unc
46. type unsigned int type long int type unsigned long int type 200 Structure or union type member boundary alignment value char type signed char type unsigned char type short int type unsigned short int type int type unsigned int type long int type unsigned long int type float type double type long double type Pointer type 6 5 2 1 Structure Specifier and Union Specifier fcc907s command cc911s com mand 1 byte 1 byte 1 byte 2 byte 2 byte 2 byte 2 byte 2 byte 2 byte 2 byte 2 byte 2 byte 2 byte coco ooo 1 byte 1 byte 1 byte 2 byte 2 byte 4 byte 4 byte 4 byte 4 byte 4 byte 4 byte 4 byte 4 byte 9 1 COMPILER DEPENDENT LANGUAGE SPECIFICAITON DIFFERENTIALS Table 9 1 1 Compiler dependent Language Specification Differentials Continued Specification Differentials Associated JIS Requirements Compiler Character constant expression code system for pre 6 8 1 Conditional Acquisition ASCII code processor Registers that can be specified within asm statement fec911s RO R3 R12 and R13 fcc907s fcc896s A AL and ANSI compliant standard library function support Refer to the volume entitled Librar ies 1 Alterable through option use 2 See 9 2 Floating point Data Format and Expressible Value Range 3 The other registers can be used when they are saved and recovered by the user 201 CHAPTER 9 COMPILER DEPENDENT SPECIFICATIONS
47. type qualifier is specified Output Example for cc907s Command Input pragma section IOVAR IOA attr IOSEG locate 0x10 io int a void func void a 1 146 5 3 I O AREA ACCESS FUNCTION Output SECTION IOA IO 0 10 ALIGN 2 GLOBAL a RES B 2 SECTION CODE CODE ALIGN 2 j begin of function GLOBAL func func LINK 0 MOVN A 1 MOVW I a A UNLINK RET Output Example for cc911s Command Input pragma section IO IOA attr DATA locate 0x10 io int void func void a 1 Output SECTION IOA DATA LOCATE H 00000010 GLOBAL a 2a RES B 4 SECTION CODE CODE ALIGN 2 p begin_of_function GLOBAL _ func _func ST RP SP ENTER 4 LDI 1 RO MOV RO R13 DMOV R13 func LEAVE LD SP RP RET 147 CHAPTER 5 EXTENDED LANGUAGE SPECIFICATIONS Output Example for cc896s Command Input pragma section IO IOA attr DATA locate 0x10 io int a void func void a 1 Output SECTION IOA IO LOCATE H O H 10 GLOBAL a RES H 1 SECTION CODE CODE ALIGN 1 GLOBAL func func MOVW A 1 MOVW a A L func 148 5 4 direct AREA ACCESS FUNCTION 5 4 direct AREA ACCESS FUNCTION The direct area operation variable can be defined by specifying the direct type qualifier It can be used with the cc907s or cc896s command only B direct Area Access Function General Format direct Variable de
48. while no file is being used In the above instances file manipulation related low level function use and stream area initialization are not required 187 CHAPTER 8 LIBRARY INCORPORATION 8 5 LOW LEVEL FUNCTION SPECIFICAITONS There are various low level functions The open close read write lseek and isatty functions provide file processing The sbrk function provides memory area dynamic allocation The exit or abort function is used to terminate a program by calling the exit or abort function These low level functions must be created to suit the system B Low level Function Specifications Create the low level functions in compliance with the specifications stated in this section 188 8 5 LOW LEVEL FUNCTION SPECIFICAITONS 8 5 1 open Function Create the open function in compliance with the specifications stated in this section incllude fcntl h int open char fname int fmode int p open Function Explanation In the mode specified by mode open the file having the name specified by fname For fmode specifying a combination of the following flags logical OR is used The third argument p is a permission mode specified for the file when the specified file is newly made Whenever standard function fopen and freopen call the open function 0777 is passed O RDONLY Opens a read only file O WRONLY Opens a write only file O RDWR Opens a read write file The above three flags
49. 0 OxFFDO gt Vector 21 Figure 4 20 2 fcc896s Command Interrupt Vector Table 131 CHAPTER 4 OBJECT PROGRAM STRUCTURE 132 CHAPTER5 EXTENDED LANGUAGE SPECIFICATIONS This chapter describes the extended language specifications supported by the compiler and the limitations on compiler translation 5 1 ASSEMBLER DESCRIPITON FUNCTIONS 5 2 INTERRUPT CONTROL FUNCITONS 5 3 AREA ACCESS FUNCTION 5 4 direct AREA ACCESS FUNCTION 5 5 16 BIT 24 BIT ADDRESSING ACCESS FUNCTION 5 6 IN LINE EXPANSION SPECIFYING FUNCTION 5 7 SECTION NAME CHANGE FUNCTION 5 8 REGISTER BANK NUMBER SETUP FUNCTION 5 9 INTERRUPT LEVEL SETUP FUNCTION 5 10 SYSTEM STACK USE SPECIFYING FUNCTION 5 11 STACK BANK AUTOMATIC DISTINCTION FUNCTION 5 12 NO REGISTER SAVE INTERRUPT FUNC FUNCTION 5 13 BUILT IN FUNCTION 5 14 PREDEFINED MACROS 5 15 LIMITATIONS ON COMPILER TRANSLATION 133 CHAPTER 5 EXTENDED LANGUAGE SPECIFICATIONS 5 1 ASSEMBLER DESCRIPITON FUNCTIONS There are the following two assembler description functions asm statement e Pragma instruction B Description by asm Statement 134 When the asm statement is written the character string literal is expanded as the assembler instruction This function makes it possible to write the asm statement inside and outside the function General Format asm Character string literal Explanation When the statement is written inside the function the assembler is expand
50. 07s Command Output sample LINK 0 NOP UNLINK CSEG ENDS END 162 5 13 BUILT IN FUNCTION fcc911s Command Output sample ST RP 4 5 ENTER 4 NOP L_sample LEAVE LD SP RP RET e fcc896s Command Output _sample NOP L_sample RET B _ mul Built in Function General Format signed long __mul signed int signed int Explanation This function multiplies signed 16 bit data by signed 16 bit data to return a signed 32 bit result It is possible to avert a 16 bit computation induced overflow by using this built in function thereby increasing computation efficiency It can be used with the ec907s command only It expands only when the F2MC 16LX 16F family MB number is specified as the cpu option However this function is not expanded in the MB90500 series when div905 option is not specified Output Example Input extern signed int argl arg2 extern signed long ans void sample ans mul argl arg2 fcc907s Command Output MOVW A 1 MOLW A arg2 MOVL ans 163 CHAPTER 5 EXTENDED LANGUAGE SPECIFICATIONS B div Built in Function General Format signed int _ div signed long signed int Explanation This function performs a division between signed 32 bit data and signed 16 bit data to return a signed 16 bit result It is possible to achieve increased computation efficiency by using this built in function It can be used with the cc907s co
51. 11s and fcc907s command only If neither of the above two suboptions is specified varorder SORT applies Input int 11 char c int i2 Operation fcc911s varorder NORMAL S cpu MB91F154 sample c Output SECTION DATA DATA ALIGN 4 ALIGN 4 Eri RES B 4 ALIGN 1 2 RES B 1 ALIGN 4 112 RES B 4 Operation fcc907s varorder NORMAL S cpu MB90F553A sample c Output SECTION DATA DATA ALIGN 2 ALIGN 2 _il RES B 2 ate RES B 1 ALIGN 2 _12 RES B 2 62 3 5 DETAILS OF OPTIONS O pack O Xpack The pack option packing the struct and union menbers This option can be specified for the fcc907s commnad only The Xpack option cancels the pack option Input Input struct tag char a int b char c 5 f 0 Operation fcc907s cpu MB90F553A S pack sample c Output MOVN A 0 MOVW _5 1 A 63 CHAPTER 3 OPERATION 3 5 7 Debug Information Related Options This section describes the options related to the debug information to be referenced by the symbolic debugger Debug Information Related Options O g O Xg The g option adds debug data to the object file To assure debugging accuracy you should refrain from specifying the optimization option Co 1 4 If the optimization option is specified the compiler tries to assure better code output by changing the arithmetic operation target position and omitting any arithmetic operations that are judged
52. 4 101 Stack Frame Prevailing at Calling in Compliance with fcc907s Command Standard Linkage Regulations 103 Stack Frame Created by Callee Function in Compliance with 9075 Command Standard Linkage Regulations 103 fcc9 11s Command Stack Un ft 107 fcc911s Command Argument Format Stated in Standard Linkage Regulations 110 Argument Format for fcc911s Command Structure Union Return Function Calling 110 Stack Frame Prevailing at Calling in Compliance with f c91 1S Command Standard Linkage Regulations 112 Stack Frame Created by Callee Function in Compliance with 91 15 Command Standard Linkage Regulations 112 fcc896s Command Stack 2 4008000 1 116 Example of Argument Transfer Relative to Callee 118 Figure 4 17 3 Figure 4 17 4 Figure 4 18 1 Figure 4 18 2 Figure 4 19 1 Figure 4 19 2 Figure 4 20 1 Figure 4 20 2 Figure 6 1 1 Figure 6 2 1 Figure 6 2 2 Figure 8 5 1 Stack Frame Prevailing at Calling in Compliance with fcc896s Command Standard Linkage Regulations 120 Stack Frame Created by Callee Function in Compliance with fcc896s Command Standard Linkage Regulations 120 fcc907s Command Interrupt Stack Frame fcc907s Command Interrupt Vector
53. 6 2 2 LIB911 LIB896 Specify the directory that contains the library to which the cc911s or 8965 command is linked by default B LIB911 LIB896 General Format 1 For UNIX OS setenv LIB911 Library directory Directory 2 setenv LIB896 Library directory Directory 2 General Format 2 For Windows set LIB911 Library directory Directory 2 set LIB896 Library directory Directory 2 Specify the directory to which linking is effected by default If LIB911 setup is not completed the directory placed at an offset from the directory specified by FETOOL FETOOL 1ib 911 or FETOOL 1ib 896 is regarded as the default library directory When two or more directories are specified UNIX or Windows is interpreted as the directory name delimiter Example For UNIX OS setenv LIB911 usr local softune 1ib 911 setenv LIB896 usr local softune lib 896 Example For Windows set LIB911 d softune lib 911 set LIB896 d softune lib 896 CHAPTER 2 SETUP OF SYSTEM EMVIRONMENT BEFORE USING C COMPILER 2 3 OPT907 OPT911 OPT896 Specify the directory for the default option file to be used by the command For the cc907s command set OPT907 For the cc911s command set OPT911 For the fcc896s command set OPT896 OPT907 OPT911 OPT896 General Format 1 For UNIX OS setenv OPT907 Default option file directory setenv OPT911 Default option file directory setenv OPT896 Default option file di
54. 6 VO poin inaite fete ved erates 210 ING896 esac dite tiie RE Sx Liver ques 13 eus hs ed xs Ear E ERR while Rs 13 13 185 205 207 209 in line expansion specifying function 153 Pr PCT E 185 interrupt func 161 interrupt function call interface 123 126 129 interrupt function calling procedure 125 128 131 interrupt function description function 142 interrupt level setup function 142 157 interrupt mask disable function 141 interrupt mask setup function 141 interrupt stack frame 124 127 130 interrupt vector table generation function 144 isatty 194 211 L language 5 200 language specification related option 28 43 level setup 142 LIBS OG PEE 11 11 PNE EN 221 library RUHGUOR 187 library section name 179 library esce Laub ice cda o kot uA 184 limitation on compiler translation 169 anew V an aes 216 linkage related option 28 66 list of command cancel option 26 list of command 23 lo
55. 896s Command Standard Linkage Regulations Caller function IX gt Area referenced by the callee function High The callee function saves the caller function frame pointer IX in the stack and then stores the prevailing stack pointer value in the stack as the new frame pointer value Subsequently the local variable area and caller function register save area are acquired from the stack to save the caller register Figure 4 17 4 shows the stack frame that is created by the callee function in compliance with the standard linkage regulations Low Callee function SP gt Figure 4 17 4 Stack Frame Created by Callee Function in Compliance with cc896s Command Standard Linkage Regulations Callee function IX gt Caller function SP gt Caller function IX gt High 120 4 17 5 fcc896s Command Register 4 17 fcc896s COMMAND FUNCITON CALL INTERFACE This section describes the register guarantee and register setup regulations in the standard linkage regulations B cc896s Command Register Guarantee The callee function guarantees the following registers of the caller function General purpose registers R2 to R7 IX and SP The register guarantee is provided when the callee function acquires a new area from the stack and saves the register value in that area Note however that registers remaining unchanged within the function are not saved If such registers are altered using the a
56. 9 2 FLOATING POINT DATA FORMAT AND EXPRESSIBLE VALUE RANGE Table 9 2 1 shows the floating point data format and expressible value range B Floating point Data Format and Expressible Value Range Table 9 2 1 Floating point Data Format and Expressible Value Range Floating point Data Format Expressible Value Range float type The exponent part is a value between 2 126 and 2 127 The fractional portion of the mantissa the integer portion is normal ized to 1 is binary and has 24 digit accuracy double type The exponent part is a value between 2 1022 and 2 1023 The fractional part of the mantissa the integer part is normalized to 1 is binary and has 53 digit accuracy long double type The exponent part is value between 2 1022 and 2 1023 The fractional part of the mantissa the integer part is normalized to 1 is binary and has 53 digit accuracy 202 CHAPTER 10 SIMULATOR DEBUGGER LOW LEVEL FUNCTION LIBRARY This chapter describes how to use the simulator debugger low level function library The simulator debugger low level function library is a library of the low level functions which are necessary when the standard library is used with the simulator debugger 10 1 10 2 10 3 10 4 10 5 10 6 LOW LEVEL FUNCTION LIBRARY OVERVIEW fcc911s COMMAND LOW LEVEL FUNCITON LIBRARY USE fcc907s COMMAND LOW LEVEL FUNCITON LIBRARY USE fcca96s COMMAND LOW LEVEL FUNCITON LIBRARY USE LOW LEVEL FUNC F
57. 911s Command Argument Extension 111 4 16 4 fcc911s Command Calling Procedure sss ener nennen 112 4 16 5 fcc911s Command Register ssssssssssssssssssseeeeeene nennen 113 4 16 6 fcc911s Command Return 114 4 17 8965 COMMAND FUNCITON CALL 40400 0000 en nennen nennen 115 4 17 1 fcc896s Command Stack 116 4 17 2 fcc896s Command Argument sssssssssssssssssssseeeene eene nri ener etes nnn 118 4 17 3 fcc896s Command Argument Extension 119 4 17 4 fcc896s Command Calling 120 4 17 5 fcc896s Command 121 4 17 6 8965 Command Return 100 122 4 18 fcc907s COMMAND INTERRUPT FUNCITON CALL 123 4 18 1 fcc907s Command Interrupt Stack 124 4 18 2 fcc907s Command Interrupt Function Calling Procedure sse 125 4 19 fcc911s COMMAND INTERRUPT FUNCITON 126 4 19 1 9115 Command Interrupt Stack
58. ALL INTERFACE The general rules for control transfer between functions are established as standard regulations for individual architectures and are called standard linkage regulations A module written in C language can be combined with a module written using a different method e g assembler language when the standard linkage regulations are complied with B cc907s Command Function Call Interface 98 Stack Frame The stack frame construction is stipulated by the standard linkage regulations Argument Argument transfer relative to the callee function is effected via a stack or register Argument Extension Format When an argument is to be stored in a stack the argument type is converted to an extended format in accordance with the argument type Calling Procedure The caller function initiates branching to the callee function after argument storage Register The register guarantee stated in the standard linkage regulations and the register setup regulations are explained later Return Value The return value interface stated in the standard linkage regulations is explained later 4 15 fcc907s COMMAND FUNCITON CALL INTERFACE 4 15 1 fcc907s Command Stack Frame The standard linkage regulations prescribe the stack frame construction cc907s Command Stack Frame The stack pointer SP always indicates the lowest order of the stack frame Its address value always represents the work boundary Figure 4 15 1
59. DD MOVL _F1 UNLINK RET Operation 9115 K fconst cpu MB91F154 S sample c Output func ST RP SP ENTER 4 LDI 32 2 R12 LD QR12 R4 LDI H 3F800000 R5 CALL32 _ addf R12 LDI 32 1 R12 ST R4 R12 L func LEAVE LD SP RP RET Operation fcc896s K fconst cpu MB89P935B S sample c 44 3 5 DETAILS OF OPTIONS Output func MOVW _f2 2 PUSHW MOVW _f2 PUSHW MOVW 0 PUSHW MOVW 16256 gt p p p p p PP PUSHW CALL LFADD PUPW A MOVW _f1 A PUPW A MOVW _f2 2 A L_func O K NOINTLIB O K INTLIB The NOINTLIB suboption calls a normal function without effecting in line expansion of an interrupt related function __DI __ EI and__ set__il The INTLIB suboption cancels the NOINTLIB suboption Output Example Input void func void DI Operation fcc907s K nointlib cpu MB90F553A S sample c Output func LINK 0 CALL ___ UNLINK RET Operation 9115 K nointlib cpu MB91F154 S sample c 45 CHAPTER 3 OPERATION Output func ST RP SP ENTER 4 CALL32 _ DI R12 L func LEAVE LD SP RP RET Operation fcc896s K nointlib cpu MB89P935B S sample c Output func CALL DI L func RET O K NOVOLATILE O K VOLATILE The NOVOLATILE suboption does not recognize a qualifier attached variable as volatile type Therefore io qualifier attached v
60. ER 3 OPERATION 56 Output MOVW A i INCW A MOVW 8 2 MOVW A QIX44 MOVW QA T MOVW A QIX 2 MOVW 29 Value of 1 reused K SCHEDULE NOSCHEDULE This option specifies whether or not to implement instruction scheduling When the SCHEDULE suboption is specified instruction scheduling will be conducted When the NOSCHEDULE suboption is specified instruction scheduling will not be conducted If the option specifying is omitted the O option specifying is complied with When the option argument is 1 or greater the K SCHEDULE is assumed to be specified These option can be specified for the fcc911s command only O K NOUNROLL O K UNROLL The NOUNROLL suboption inhibits loop unrolling optimization Use this option when loop unrolling optimization is to be inhibited with the 02 to 04 options specified The UNROLL suboption cancels the NOUNROLL suboption x function name 1 function name 2 O Xx The x option effects in line expansion instead of function calling of functions defined by a C source However recursively called functions will not be subjected to in line expansion It should also be noted that functions may not be subjected to in line expansion depending on asm statement use structure union type argument presence set jmp function calling and other conditions The option takes effect only when it is specified simultaneously with the O option The Xx option cancels th
61. ER 7 LIBRARY OVERVIEW 7 1 FILE ORGANIZATION This section describes the files furnished by the libraries There are eighteen library files and fourteen header files B File Types 178 The following types of library files and header files are provided e fcc907s Command Library Files Table 7 1 1 lists the general purpose standard library for cc907s command Table 7 1 2 lists the simulator debugger low level function library for cc907s command Table 7 1 1 General purpose Standard Library for cc907s Command File Name Memory Model lib907s lib lib905s lib 11b902s 1ib For small model lib907m lib lib905m lib lib902m lib For medium model lib907c lib lib905c lib 11b902c 1ib For compact model lib9071 1ib lib9051 1ib 11b9021 1ib For large model lib907sr lib lib905sr lib lib902sr lib For small model rasconst lib907mr lib lib905mr lib lib902mr lib For medium model ramconst Table 7 1 2 Simulator Debugger Low level Function Library for cc907s Command File Name Memory Model lib907sif lib lib905sif lib lib902sif lib For small model lib907mif lib lib905mif lib lib902mif lib For medium model lib907cif lib lib905cif lib lib902cif lib For compact model lib9071if lib lib9051if lib lib9021if lib For large model lib907srif lib lib902srif lib lib905srif lib For small model rasconst lib907mrif lib lib902mrif l
62. IELD ssssssesssseeeeeeeenee enne ennemi nennen sin et nnns 89 vii 4 11 fcc896s COMMAND BIT 91 4 12 9075 COMMAND STRUCTURE UNION sssseseseseeeeeeeenne nennen enne nensi 93 4 13 fcc911s COMMAND STRUCTURE UNION ssssseseeseeeeeeeennen nennen nnnm nre nnn rennes nnn nnns 95 4 14 8965 COMMAND STRUCTURE UNION sssssssseseseeeeeenene nennen snnm nensi nnne nns nnns nnns 97 4 15 9075 COMMAND FUNCITON CALL INTERFAQCE sss 98 4 15 1 9075 Command Stack 99 4 15 2 fcc907s Command 101 4 15 3 fcc907s Command Argument Extension 102 4 15 4 fcc907s Command Calling Procedure sse nennen nens 103 4 15 5 fcc907s Command Register ssssssssssssssssseeeseseeeneen nennen enne nnn inns nnne nes 104 4 15 6 9075 Command Return 105 4 16 fcc911s COMMAND FUNCTION CALL enne entente nennen 106 4 16 1 9115 Command Stack esent nennen 107 4 16 2 fcc911s Command Argument ssssssssssssssssseeeeee enne ennemi 109 4 16 3 fcc
63. IRDATA DIR ALIGN 1 GLOBAL p RES H 1 SECTION CODE CODE ALIGN 1 GLOBAL sample sample MOVW A 1 MOW _ A L_sample RET 150 5 5 16 BIT 24 BIT ADDRESSING ACCESS FUNCTION 5 5 16 BIT 24 BIT ADDRESSING ACCESS FUNCTION The address space where variables are positioned can be specified by specifying the near far type qualifier A highly efficient program can be generated by specifying an appropriate address space It is available for the cc907s command only 16 bit 24 bit Addressing Access Function General Format near Variable definition far Variable definition Explanation The variable arrangement address space can be specified by specifying the near far type qualifier When the near type qualifier is specified variables can be positioned in the 16 bit address space When the __ far type qualifier is specified variables can be positioned in the 24 bit address space A highly efficient program can be generated by specifying an appropriate address space If the near fartype qualifier is omitted the address space specified by the memory model employed at the time of compilation is used as the default choice The local variable cannot be qualified When the ar pointer is type converted to the near pointer the eight high order bits are discarded When the near pointer is type converted to the ar pointer the DTB value is used for the eight high order bits When the
64. ITON Table 9 1 1 lists the compiler dependent language specification differentials B Compiler dependent Language Specification Differentials Table 9 1 1 Compiler dependent Language Specification Differentials Specification Differentials Japanese language process support and code system Associated JIS Requirements 5 2 1 Character Set 6 1 2 Identifier No support EUC and SJIS entries can be made only in the comment Compiler Recognized character count of an iden tifier with an external binding 6 1 2 Identifier 30 Leasing characters Differentiation between upper and lower case alphabetical characters of an identifier with an external binding 6 1 2 Identifier Treated as different characters Character set element expression code 6 1 3 Constant ASCII code system Char type treatment and expressible value range 6 2 1 1 Character Type and Unsigned Integer Type 0 to 255 Floating point data formats and sizes 6 1 2 5 Type IEEE type float type 4 bytes double long double type 8 bytes Whether or not to treat the start bit as signed bit when following types specified as bit field char short int int and long int type 6 5 2 1 Structure Specifier and Union Specifier Not treated as a sign Types that can be specified as bit field 6 5 2 1 Structure Specifier and Union Specifier char type signed char type unsigned char type short int type unsigned short int type int
65. Imp pus TITRE E GAHAT Cible jp bat din Limp ipn i Ft Lei alis um amd medio ETUR Firm rimi m piibel bri nimm nnne Meyar d Minen relire ien kas con Pen on dence d aeneis LL ODD EATE MEESE IE a NIS airg Pa Ten Bars tec anale rr dm a Ra A 7 Toe pannia wmm p pep eee Pas mmu md Pepe unm mn ih alan ILI d m i ri ramani mhar reami EE Te de irebe COM PEST Tes Ja HIA 3 15 1 Command Stock Prane Tie Sm nj nd reper acr tor Damm Bb 7 Cee Bak Fi ics 9871 dairi Bei Creed el Uie ARR C Nen UA anni ria a RHEN Tn aep a Fuere TET prend ance fumes PHH ciora s Seed Lis Pee mn ee p howe mran onc uno nae trringoa dmi ce Bte rh dnt uro n n calet FE ihl etr iom aru niria Rm ote Fus ee S Vd Ter sets few tgs eee rieri m anro duae nma d Fui PH
66. L05 ALL RIGHT RESERVED COPYRIGHT C FUJITSU LIMITED 1986 LICENSED MATERIAL PROGRAM PROPERTY OF FUJITSU LIMITED Output Example for cc907s Command FFMC 16 Family Softune C Compiler V30L03 ALL RIGHT RESERVED COPYRIGHT C FUJITSU LIMITED 1986 LICENSED MATERIAL PROGRAM PROPERTY OF FUJITSU LIMITED Output Example for 8965 Command FFMC 8L Family Softune C Compiler V30L03 ALL RIGHT RESERVED COPYRIGHT C FUJITSU LIMITED 1986 LICENSED MATERIAL PROGRAM PROPERTY OF FUJITSU LIMITED O w level This option specifies the output level of warning type diagnostic messages Levels 0 through 8 can be specified When level 0 is specified no warning messages will be generated The greater the level value the more warning messages will be generated If the output level is not specified w 1 applies For the details of diagnostic messages see 3 7 Messages Generated in Translation Process Output Example Input const int a Operation fcc907s w 5 S cpu MB90F553A sample c 9115 w 5 S cpu MB91F154 sample c fcc896s w 5 S cpu MB89P935B sample c Output a c 1 W1219C const a is not initialized Warning item at each warning level Level 0 Warning type diagnostic message is not generated Level 1 A basic warning type diagnostic messages is generated Level 2 The following warning type diagnostic messages in addition to level 1 is generated Warning of the variable not used in the function
67. LANG Message code General Format 2 For Windows set FELANG Message code Specify the message code The following codes can be specified ASCII Outputs messages in ASCII code The generated messages are in English Select this code for a system without a Japanese language environment EUC Outputs messages in EUC code The generated messages are in Japanese SJIS Outputs messages in SHIFT JIS code The generated messages are in Japanese If FELANG setup is not completed the ASCII code is considered to be selected Example For UNIX OS setenv FELANG EUC Example For Windows set FELANG SJIS CHAPTER 2 SETUP OF SYSTEM EMVIRONMENT BEFORE USING C COMPILER CHAPTER3 OPERATION This chapter describes the command function specifications 3 1 3 2 3 3 3 4 3 5 3 6 3 7 COMMAND LINE COMMAND OPERANDS FILE NAMES AND DIRECTORY NAMES COMMAND OPTIONS DETAILS OF OPTIONS OPTION FILES MESSAGES GENERATED IN TRANSLATION PROCESS CHAPTER 3 OPERATION 3 1 COMMAND LINE The command line format is shown below fcc907s options operands fcc911s options operands fcc896s options operands Command Line Options and operands can be specified in the command line They can be specified at any position within the command line Two or more options and operands can be specified Options can be omitted Option and operand entries are to be delimited by a blank character string The command recognizes
68. N A 1 MOVW temp A L sample RET SECTION DATA DATA ALIGN 1 GLOBAL a a RES H 1 140 5 2 INTERRUPT CONTROL FUNCITONS 5 2 INTERRUPT CONTROL FUNCITONS There are the following five interrupt control functions e Interrupt mask setup function e Interrupt mask disable function e Interrupt level setup function e Interrupt function description function e Interrupt vector table generation function B interrupt Mask Setup Function General Format void DI void Explanation Expands the interrupt masking code Output Example Input DI fcc907s Command Output AND CCR 191 e 9115 Command Output ANDCCR 0xef e fcc896s Command Output CLRI B interrupt Mask Disable Function General Format void _ EI void Explanation Expands the interrupt masking disable code Output Example Input fcc907s Command Output OR CCR 64 9115 Command Output ORCCR 0x10 fcc896s Command Output SETI 141 CHAPTER 5 EXTENDED LANGUAGE SPECIFICATIONS B interrupt Level Setup Function General Format void set il int level Explanation Expands the code for changing the interrupt level to level Output Example Input set 11 2 fcc907s Command Output MOV ILM 2 e fcc911s Command Output STILM 2 fcc896s Command Output MOVW A PS CLRI MOVW A 207 ANDW A MOVW A 32 ORW A MOV PS A B Interrupt Function Description Function General Format 1 _
69. NSLATION PROCESS 3 7 MESSAGES GENERATED IN TRANSLATION PROCESS When an error is found in a source program or a condition which does not constitute a substantial error but requires attention is encountered diagnostic messages may be generated at the time of translation For message outputs generated by tools other than the compiler refer to the respective manuals for the tool Messages Generated in Translation Process A diagnostic message output example is shown in Figure 3 7 1 test c 4 E4110C Identifier a is not declared Error identification number Source logical line number EA110C Source file name Tool identifier Error number 4 digit Error level Figure 3 7 1 Diagnostic Message Example Tool Identifier The tool identifier indicates the tool that has detected the error D Driver Preprocessor Compiler Scheduler Assembler Linker 00 w B Error Level The error level represents the diagnostic check result type Table 3 7 1 shows the relationship between various error levels and return codes and their meanings 71 CHAPTER 3 OPERATION 72 Table 3 7 1 Relationship between Error Levels and Return Codes Error Level Return Code Meaning Indicates a condition which does not constitute an error but requires attention Indicates a minor error Process execution continues without being interrupted The return code can be chang
70. RY INCORPORATION 8 5 8 exit Function Create the exit function in compliance with the specifications stated in this section include lt stdlib h gt void _exit int status B exit Function Explanation The exit function must bring the program to a normal end When the status value is 0 or in the case of EXIT SUCCESS the successful end state must be returned to the system environment In the case of EXIT FAILURE the unsuccessful end state must be returned to the system environment Return Value The exit function does not return to the caller 196 8 5 LOW LEVEL FUNCTION SPECIFICAITONS 8 5 9 abort Function Create the abort function in compliance with the specifications stated in this section void _abort void abort Function Explanation The abort function must bring the program to an abnormal end Return Value The _abort function does not return to the caller 197 CHAPTER 8 LIBRARY INCORPORATION 198 CHAPTER9 COMPILER DEPENDENT SPECIFICATIONS This chapter describes the specifications that vary with the compiler The descriptions set forth in this chapter relate to the JIS requirements which are standardized on the basis of the ANSI standard 9 1 COMPILER DEPENDENT LANGUAGE SPECIFICAITON DIFFERENTIALS 9 2 FLOATING POINT DATA FORMAT AND EXPRESSIBLE VALUE RANGE 199 CHAPTER 9 COMPILER DEPENDENT SPECIFICATIONS 9 1 DIFFERENTIALS COMPILER DEPENDENT LANGUAGE SPECIFICA
71. UNCITON LOW LEVEL FUNCITON LIBRARY CHANGE 203 CHAPTER 10 SIMULATOR DEBUGGER LOW LEVEL FUNCTION LIBRARY 10 1 LOW LEVEL FUNCTION LIBRARY OVERVIEW This section outlines the low level function library Low level Function Library Overview The low level function library offers the functions that are necessary when the standard library is used with the simulator debugger The main functions are as follows File manipulation functions based on I O port simulation open close read write lseek and isatty Dynamic memory allocation function sbrk In the simulator debugger the program executed cannot terminate its own execution Therefore prepare the abort and exit functions File System Overview low level function library uses the I O port simulation function of the simulator debugger to carry out standard input output operations and input output operations relative to files These operations are completed by performing input output operations relative to one I O port area which is regarded as one file When the open function is called it allocates a 1 byte area of the I O port simulation area I O section defined by the low level function library and returns as the file number the offset from the beginning of the allocated area The read function and write function perform input output operations relative to the 1 byte area allocated by the open function Input output operations can be performed r
72. Use a comma to separate arguments To describe a comma as an argument position a backslash immediately before the comma The comma positioned after the backslash will not be interpreted as a delimiter To write a blank as an argument describe a comma in place of a blank For the options for various commands refer to the associated manuals The following can be specified as the item a Assembler 1 Linker Example 9075 T a 1 asmlist file c cpu MB90F553A fcc911s T a 1 asmlist file c cpu MB91F154 8965 a 1 asmlist file c cpu MB89P935B Sequentially passes arguments 1 and asmlist to the assembler Therefore the assemble list asmlist will be generated as a result of command execution 65 CHAPTER 3 OPERATION 3 5 9 Linkage Related Options This section describes the options related to linkage Linkage Related Options O e name O Xe The option sets the entry symbol to name at linking This option can be specified only for the 9115 fcc896s commands The Xe option cancels the e option Since the option definition is usually provided in the startup routine this option does not have to be specified For details of the option refer to the Linkage Kit Manual O L pathi path2 O XL The L option adds path to the library path used at linking to search for a library to be linked This option can be specified only for the cc911s and cc896s commands If the opti
73. VEL FUNCTION LIBRARY 10 6 LOW LEVEL FUNCITON LIBRARY CHANGE This section describes how to change the dynamic allocation area heap cc907s Command Dynamic Allocation Area Change Locate the following line in the sbrk c source program list Change the value in this line to the dynamic allocation area size in bytes define HEEP SIZE 16 1024 Use the following commands to compile and update the library At compiling specify the section name shown in Table 7 1 1 For Small Model fcc907s O sbrk c model SMALL cpu MB90F553A flib907s r sbrk obj lib905sif lib cpu MB90F553A For Large Model fcc907s O sbrk c model LARGE s FAR CSEG CLIB s FAR DCONST DLCONST s FAR DINIT DLINIT s FAR DVAR DLVAR s FAR CCONST 4CLCONST cpu MB90F553A flib907s r sbrk obj lib905lif lib cpu MB90F553A cc907s Command sbrk c Source Program List The source program required for changing the dynamic area is shown below The file name must be sbrk c define HEEP SIZE 16 1024 static long brk siz O0 static char heep HEEP SIZE define _heep_size HEEP_SIZE extern char sbrk int size if brk_siz size gt _heep_size brk 512 size lt 0 return char 1 brk_siz size return _heep brk_siz size 212 10 6 LOW LEVEL FUNCITON LIBRARY CHANGE B fcc911s Command Dynamic Allocation Area Change Locate the following line in the sbrk c source program list Change the value in this line to the
74. _ 164 divu built in function 165 mod built in 164 modu built in function sees 166 mul built in function 163 mulu built in function eas 165 wait nop built in function 162 _ 1 197 _ 196 lt 16 bit 24 bit addressing access function 151 A access function 146 149 151 1 5 167 area management 204 argument 101 102 109 111 118 119 asm statemen 134 assert hea dod Eee 216 automatic distinction function 160 B bitis unciae taa aod eec 87 89 91 boundary 84 85 86 built in function 162 163 164 165 166 C C COMPILER ui acis a aco ORG RE a 2 calling 103 112 120 case 22 close function 100 211 command cancel option 26 command line 18 21 command 19 command option 23 command related 28 65 comment entry in option file 70 22
75. _interrupt void Interrupt function void General Format 2 extern __interrupt void Interrupt function void Explanation The interrupt function can be written by specifying the __interrupt type qualifier Since the interrupt function is called by an interrupt it is impossible to set up an argument or obtain a return value If a function declared or defined by the __ interrupt type qualifier is called by performing the normal function calling procedure no subsequent operations will be guaranteed 142 5 2 INTERRUPT CONTROL FUNCITONS Output Example Input interrupt void sample void fcc907s Command Output Sample LINK 0 UNLINK RETI fcc911s Command Output _func STM R12 R13 ST MDH SP ST MDL SP ST RP 4 5 ENTER 4 L_func LEAVE LD SP RP LD SP MDL LD SP MDH LDM R12 R13 RETI 143 CHAPTER 5 EXTENDED LANGUAGE SPECIFICATIONS fcc896s Command Output sample PUSHW A XCHW A T PUSHW A MOVW A EP PUSHW A MOV A RO SWAP MOV A R1 PUSHW A L sample POPW A MOV R1 A SWAP MOV RO A POPW A MOVW EP A POPW A XCHW A T POPW A RETI B interrupt Vector Table Generation Function 144 cc907s Command General Format pragma intvect Interrupt function name Vector number Mode value pragma defvect Interrupt function name Explanation pragma intvect generates an interrupt vector table for which the interrupt function is s
76. ables 3 Old FP This area stores the FP value of the caller function 4 Return address storage area This area saves the RP The RP stores the address of a return to the caller function for the purpose of function calling 5 Register save area This is a register save area that must be guaranteed for the caller function This area is not secured when the register save operation is not needed 107 CHAPTER 4 OBJECT PROGRAM STRUCTURE 6 Hidden parameter save area This area stores the start address of the return value storage area for a structure union return function When a structure union is used as the return value the caller function stores the return value storage area start address in register R4 and passes it to the caller function The callee function interprets the address stored in the R4 as the return value storage area start address When register R4 needs to be saved into memory the callee function saves it in the hidden parameter save area This area is not secured when the save operation is not needed 7 Argument register save area This area saves the argument register This area is not secured when the save operation is not needed For details see 4 16 2 cc911s Command Argument 108 4 16 fcc911s COMMAND FUNCTION CALL INTERFACE 4 16 2 fcc911s Command Argument Arguments the count of which equals the count of argument registers 4 words are positioned in registers R4 to R7 and delivered
77. ad module 205 207 209 low level function 187 188 low level function system dependent process type 181 low level function library 204 low level function 186 Iseek 193 211 M macro predefined by fcc896s command 168 macro predefined by fcc907s command 167 macro predefined by fcc911s command 167 macro stipulated by ANSI standard 167 mask disable 141 mask setup 141 es vau AA 216 217 memory 8l message generated in translation process 71 module 205 207 209 multiple specifying of same 21 N name used by compiler 83 no register save interrupt func function 161 Open 189 210 operation specific to library 221 227 OPT896 ra e a rad aa 12 uacua dcs air ia ceri e aed adr s 12 ERA Es ER waa 12 7 optimization related option 28 50 69 70 option file general format 69 option file 69 option file related
78. addresses IOPORT Address 0 STACK Address 0x100000 Other Address 0x1000 To change the IOPORT section arrangement specify the sc IOPORT address option at compiling Describe the section arrangement address at the address position B Simulator Debugger Setup Setup for Standard Input Output Use set inport ascii IOPORT Oxff TERMINAL set outport ascii IOPORT 1 Oxff TERMINAL Enter the address where the IOPORT section was positioned at linking in the above IOPORT position If the sc option is not specified at linking the following results set inport ascii 0 Oxff TERMINAL set outport ascii 1 Oxff TERMINAL Since the first three areas of the IOPORT section are used for standard input standard output and standard error output the other files are allocated to the fourth and subsequent areas the offset from the beginning of the IOPORT section is 3 In other words allocation is performed sequentially in the order of file opening offset 3 offset 4 etc Therefore perform setup accordingly using the set inport and set outport commands 205 CHAPTER 10 SIMULATOR DEBUGGER LOW LEVEL FUNCTION LIBRARY B Example 206 To open a doc as the input file and then open b doc as the output file setup as shown below set inport ascii IOPORT43 h ff a doc set outport ascii IOPORT44 h ff b doc Create a program that displays the character string Hello and initiate execution with the simulator debugger main
79. and Options Table 3 4 1 List of Command Options Specifying Format Function Allows the C type comments Leaves a comment in the preprocessing result cmsg Outputs the compiling process end message to the standard output cpu MB number Specifies the MB number of the CPU to be used cwno Sets end code to 1 when warning given D name tokens Defines the macro name E Performs preprocessing only and outputs the result to the standard output f filename Specifies the option file 74 Adds to the object the information necessary for debugging H Outputs the acquired header file pathname to the standard output help Outputs the option list to the standard output I dir Specifies the directory for head file search INF LIST Generates the assemble list INF SRCIN LINENO Inserts the associated C source information as a comment into the assembler source INF STACK filename Generates the stack use amount data J alc Specifies the specification level of the language to be interpreted by the compiler K DCONST FCONST Specifies the type of a real constant without a suffix K EOPT Effects optimization for changing the arithmetic operation evaluation procedure K LIB Recognizes the standard function operation and implements in line expansion substitution for other functions NOALIAS Effects optimizatio
80. ar signed char unsigned char short No extension unsigned short No extension int No extension unsigned int No extension long No extension unsigned long No extension float double double No extension long double No extension Pointer address No extension Structure union 2 1 The extended type represents an extended type that is provided when no argument type is given When a prototype declaration is made it is complied with For an argument less than 2 bytes long or an argument having a size which is not a multiple of 2 an area having a size which is determined by reckoning a less than 2 byte portion as 2 bytes will be secured within the stack even when extension is not effected 2 For an argument less than 2 bytes long or an argument having a size which is not a multiple of 2 an area having a size which is determined by reckoning a less than 2 byte portion as 2 bytes will be secured within the stack 119 CHAPTER 4 OBJECT PROGRAM STRUCTURE 4 17 4 fcc896s Command Calling Procedure The caller function initiates branching to the callee function after argument storage B fcc896s Command Calling Procedure Figure 4 17 3 shows the stack frame prevailing at calling in compliance with the standard linkage regulations Low Caller function SP gt Actual argument area Figure 4 17 3 Stack Frame Prevailing at Calling in Compliance with cc
81. are to be exclusively specified O CREAT Create this flag when the specified file does not exist If the specified file already exists ignore this flag O TRUNC If any data remains in the file discard such data to empty the file O APPEND Selects the append mode for file opening The file position prevailing at the time of opening must be set so as to indicate the end of the file When writing into a file placed in this mode start writing at the end of the file without regard to the current file position O BINARY Specifies a binary file Therefore the file opened must be treated as a binary file Files for which this is not specified must be treated as text files When the name for standard input output and standard error output which is determined for System environment setup is specified as the file name for the first argument allocate the standard input output and standard error output to the file to be opened Return Value When file opening is successfully done the file number must be returned If file opening is not successfully done on the other hand the value 1 must be returned 189 CHAPTER 8 LIBRARY INCORPORATION 8 5 2 close Function Create the c1ose function in compliance with the specifications stated in this section int close int fileno B close Function Explanation The closing process must be performed for the file specified by ileno Return Value When file closing is succes
82. area required for argument delivery to function When the DARG suboption is specified dynamic allocation is achieved at function calling This effectively decreases the stack consumption On the other hand when the SARG suboption is specified allocation is performed at the beginning of the caller function In this case the code size generally decreases with an increase in execution speed However stack use tends to increase This option can be specified for the cc911s command only If neither of the above two suboptions is specified CK SARG applies Output Example Input extern void sub int int int int int void sub 1 2 3 4 5 Operation 9115 K darg 5 cpu MB91F154 sample c Output LDI 1 R4 LDI 2 R5 LDI 3 R6 LDI 4 R7 LDI 5 RO ST RO SP The argument area is allocated dynamically CALL32 _sub R12 ADDSP 4 The argument area is deallocated dynamically 61 CHAPTER 3 OPERATION O varorder SORT NORMAL This option specifies how external variables and static variables in a section are aligned When SORT suboption is specified to except the gap external variables and static variables are aligned by the size of alignment When NORMAL suboption is specified external variables and static variables are aligned by the order of description Variables specified io qualifier are always aligned by the order of description This option can be specified for the fcc9
83. ariables will be optimized The VOLATILE suboption cancels the NOVOLATILE suboption Example fcc907s K novolatile S O cpu MB90F553A sample c fcc911s K novolatile S O cpu MB91F154 sample c fcc896s K novolatile S O cpu MB89P935B sample c When an ioqualifier attached variable is processed in sample c it is not handled as volatile qualifier attached variable but is treated as the optimization target O K UCHAR SCHAR This option specifies whether or not to treat the char type most significant bit as a sign bit When the UCHAR suboption is specified the most significant bit will not be treated as a sign bit When the SCHAR suboption is specified the most significant bit will be treated as a sign bit If neither of the above two suboptions is specified K UCHAR applies 46 3 5 DETAILS OF OPTIONS Output Example Input extern int data char c 1 void func void data Operation fcc907s K schar cpu MB90F553A S sample c Output MOVX A Code extended MOVW data Operation fcc911s K sbit cpu MB91F154 S sample c Output LDI 32 c R12 LDUB QR12 RO EXTSB RO Code extended LDI 32 data R12 ST RO R12 Operation fcc896s K sbit cpu MB89P935B S sample c Output MOVW A 0 MOV A Code extended MOVW data O K REALOS O K NOREALOS The REALOS suboption effects in line expansion of the ITRON system call function It can be used in cases where
84. as a C source file An example of using the cc907s command is given below where is the command prompt Example 1 fcc907s cpu MB90F553A file c At the input given above the command regards ile c as a C source file and if no error is detected generates an object ile obj in the current directory Example 2 9075 o outfile cpu MB90F553A file c At the input given above the command generates an object file out file The command operation process can be controlled by specifying options such as B 9115 Command Basic Process The 9115 command basically generates an absolute file from an described C source file The command regards any file with a c extension as a C source file An example of using the cc911s command is given below where is the command prompt Example 1 fcc911s cpu 91 154 file c At the input given above the command regards ile c as a C source file and if no error is detected generates an absolute file ile abs in the current directory Example 2 9115 o outfile cpu MB91F154 file c At the input given above the command generates an absolute file out ile The command operation process can be controlled by specifying options such as o CHAPTER 1 GENERAL B fcc896s Command Basic Process The cc896s command basically generates an absolute file from an described C source file The command regards any file with a c extension as a C
85. ation of the function warning is generated When the constant is described in the condition expression warning is generated When there is a implicit int type declaration of the parameter warning is generated When the declaration overload the declaration before warning is generated When the comma continues at enum member s end warning is generated When there is no initial value in the declaration with const warning is generated When the address of the variable is compared with 0 warning is generated When the type is defined in the cast expression warning is generated When register is specified for struct union and the array variable declaration warning is generated Level 6 The following warning type diagnostic messages in addition to level 5 is generated When there is switch statement which is not default label warning is generated Level 7 The following warning type diagnostic messages in addition to level 6 is generated When the int type is used warning is generated When the bitfield is neither int signed int nor unsigned int type warning is generated Level 8 The following warning type diagnostic messages in addition to level 7 is generated When the function is called with a pointer to the function warning is generated 3 5 DETAILS OF OPTIONS 3 5 4 Language Specification Related Options This section describes the options related to the specifications of the language to be recognized by
86. bank register is 00 the remainder is stored in the register of the instruction operand However the remainder is stored in bank DTB ADB USB SSB area except when the value of the bank register is 00 Example Case of DTB 053H and RP 003H Address of RO is 00180H 003H 010H 08H 0001B8H Bank register which used DIV A RO is DTB which address is 053H Therefore the remainder of the execution result of DIV A RO is preserved in memory which address is 05301B8H Please refer to the explanation of the general register of the manual for Ri and RWi About avoiding the Notes Please use this compiler and the assembler when you use the MB905XX series because the one that the function to replace the signed division instruction with an equivalent instructions was added will be changed in the compiler so as not to generate the signed division instruction to have the program evade the Notes and developed and be offered in the assembler as follows The kind which will be developed in the future will improve the Notes as MB904XX series Measures assembler asm907a 03104 or later fasm907s V30L04 Rev 300004 or later Measures compiler 907 021 06 or later fcc907s 30102 or later Moreover this Notes can be avoided by having use in the FFMC 16L mode in a present compiler Supplementation explanation O About the influence on the program which has developed Notes The Notes can be confirmed which the operation by Eva de
87. be specified as NUM A hexadecimal octal or decimal number can be described Although the interrupt level is changed at the beginning of the specified function remember that the new interrupt level does not revert to the previous level at completion of function execution Always specify pragma ilm pragma noilmas a set Nesting is not possible Output Example Input pragma ilm 1 void func void pragma noilm fcc907s Command Output func MOV ILM 1 LINK 0 UNLINK RET 157 CHAPTER 5 EXTENDED LANGUAGE SPECIFICATIONS 158 fcc911s Command Output func L func STILM ST ENTER LEAVE LD RET 1 RP SP 4 SP RP e fcc896s Command Output _func L_func MOVW AND OR MOVW A PS A 207 A 16 PS A 5 10 SYSTEM STACK USE SPECIFYING FUNCTION 5 10 SYSTEM STACK USE SPECIFYING FUNCTION This function is used to notify the compiler that the system stack is used by the function It can be used with the cc907s command only System Stack Use Specifying Function General Format pragma ssb pragma nossb Explanation pragma ssb notifies the compiler that the system stack is used by the subsequently defined function pragma nossb clears such a specifying Always specify pragma ssb and pragma nossbasa set Nesting is not possible pragma ssb cannot be written between pragma except and pragma noexcept Output Example Input far int
88. bined with a module written using a different method e g assembler language when the standard linkage regulations are complied with B fcc896s Command Function Call Interface Stack Frame The stack frame construction is stipulated by the standard linkage regulations Argument Argument transfer relative to the callee function is effected via a stack or register Argument Extension Format When an argument is to be stored in a stack the argument type is converted to an extended format in accordance with the argument type Calling Procedure The caller function initiates branching to the callee function after argument storage Register The register guarantee stated in the standard linkage regulations and the register setup regulations are explained later Return Value The return value interface stated in the standard linkage regulations is explained later 115 CHAPTER 4 OBJECT PROGRAM STRUCTURE 4 17 1 fcc896s Command Stack Frame The standard linkage regulations prescribe the stack frame construction B fcc896s Command Stack Frame 116 The stack pointer SP always indicates the lowest order of the stack frame Its address value always represents the work boundary Figure 4 17 1 shows the standard function stack frame status Low SP gt Register save area Local variable save area Hidden parameter save area FP gt Old IX Return address storage area Virtual argument area High Fig
89. bit result It is possible to avert a 16 bit computation induced overflow by using this built in function thereby increasing computation efficiency It can be used with the cc907s command only Output Example Input extern unsigned int argl arg2 extern unsigned long ans void sample void ans mulu argl arg2 fcc907s Command Output MOVW A argl MULUW A arg2 MOVL ans A B divu Built in Function General Format unsigned int _ divu unsigned long unsigned int Explanation This function performs a division between unsigned 32 bit data and unsigned 16 bit data to return an unsigned 16 bit result It is possible to achieve increased computation efficiency by using this built in function It can be used with the cc907s command only 165 CHAPTER 5 EXTENDED LANGUAGE SPECIFICATIONS Output Example Input extern unsigned int arg2 ans extern unsigned long argl void sample ans _ divu argl arg2 fcc907s Command Output MOVL A _argl MOVW RWO arg2 DIVUW A RWO MOVW ans _ modu Built in Function General Format unsigned int _ modu unsigned long Explanation unsigned int This function performs a modulo operation between unsigned 32 bit data and unsigned 16 bit data to return an unsigned 16 bit result It is possible to achieve increased computation efficiency by using this built in function It can be used with the cc907s command only
90. c911s command bit 89 fcc911s command boundary alignment 85 fcc911s command calling procedure 112 fcc911s command dynamic allocation area change 213 fcc911s command function call interface 106 fcc911s command interrupt function call interface 126 fcc911s command interrupt function calling procedure 128 fcc911s command interrupt stack frame 127 fcc911s command register guarantee 113 fcc911s command register 113 fcc911s command return value 114 fcc911s command sbrk c source program list 213 fcc911s command section structure 77 fcc911s command stack frame 107 fcc911s command startup routine creation 175 fcc911s command 95 OE QUERER C ERU 218 FELANG 15 FETOQ i2 xx wai e RE 10 filename acea eo Duc aet dde 20 file 204 file TVD dorado 178 HOA tay cn e irre 216 floating point data 202 sacs v ox OE OE CURE aoe es wate 184 function call interface 98 106 115 function description function 142 G generation rule for name used by compiler 83 232 H Header vad 6 I O area access function 14
91. cified file number to the I O section start address The input from file No 0 is treated as a line input When the new line character n is entered the read function terminates even if the required character count is not reached Further this input is output to the standard output file No 1 The input from a file numbered other than 0 is treated as a block input Reading continues until the required character count is reached write Function The write function writes data to the I O port area specified by the address which is determined by adding the specified file number to the I O section start address Unlike the input the operation does not vary with the I O port area address lseek Function The file position cannot be specified in the simulator debugger Therefore the value 1 which indicates an unsuccessful file position change is always returned isatty Function In the case of file No 1 2 or 3 true is returned In the other cases false is returned close Function The close funciton releases the port related to the specified file number sbrk Function The simulator debugger does not provide a means of dynamic memory allocation Therefore the sbrk function acquires a fixed area and uses it To change the area or its size create an alternative function and substitute it for the sbrk function with a librarian For details see 10 5 Low level Function Library Change 211 CHAPTER 10 SIMULATOR DEBUGGER LOW LE
92. cter string Hello using the small model and initiate execution with the simulator debugger main printf Hello n Create a C source file named test c as shown above Compile using the following command Setup the corresponding directory for LIBTOOL fcc907s test c model SMALL cpu MB90F553A flink907s LIBTOOL start905s obj test obj L LIBTOOL 1 lib905s lib 1 lib905sif lib O test abs cpu MB90F553A At completion of the preceding step test abs is created Execute the created file with the simulator debugger After startup input following commands end is a symbol defined within the startup routine Create the startup routine object as the one with the debug information gt set inport ascii h 0 h ff TERMINAL gt set outport ascii h 1 h ff TERMINAL gt go end Since standard input is not involved in the above example the set inport command can be omitted 10 4 fcc896s COMMAND LOW LEVEL FUNCITON LIBRARY USE 10 4 fcc896s COMMAND LOW LEVEL FUNCITON LIBRARY USE This section describes the load module creation for low level function library use About the low level library for the simulator debugger in the fcc896s command In the library of the fcc896s command the file operation function of the low level library for the simulator debugger the fcc896s command is not supported Therefore only the sbrk function is registered in low level library lib896if lib for the simulator debugger Loa
93. ction Name sssssssssssssseeses esee nnne nnn inneren nnns 179 fcc911S Command Library Section d Names I Rte pb 180 fcc896S Command Library Section ciet itc bU Dre iden ete booa b ea 180 Standard Library Functions and Required Processes Low level Functions 187 Compiler dependent Language Specification Differentials 200 Floating point Data Format and Expressible Value Range 202 Libraries to be Linked for Load Module Creation sese 207 9075 Command Predefined I O 210 9115 Command Predefined I O Port sse eene 210 xiii xiv CHAPTER1 GENERAL This chapter outlines the C compiler The C compiler is a language processor program which translates source programs written in C language into the assembly language for Fujitsu provided various microcontroller units 1 1 C COMPILER FUNCTIONS 1 2 BASIC PROCESS OF COMMANDS 1 3 C COMPILER BASIC FUNCTIONS CHAPTER 1 GENERAL 1 1 C COMPILER FUNCTIONS When a C source file is described the C compiler generates an assembler source file which is expressed in assembly language B C Compiler Functions The processing steps for assembler source file generation are indicated below Preprocessing Preprocessing
94. d Function Expansion Change same as effected by K LIB specifying Switches to a higher speed standard function that recognizes standard function operations performs standard function in line expansion and performs identical operations When this option is specified there may be side effects on the execution results Since standard function in line expansion is implemented the code size may increase K ADDSP O K NOADDSP The option releases actual argument areas placed in the stacks for function calling Since the actual argument areas are released altogether for optimization purposes the function calling overhead decreases so that a smaller higher speed object results When K ADDSP is specified the stacks will not successively be released Therefore the stack use amount data which is generated upon INF STACK option specifying will be inaccurate In such an instance it is well to remember that the maximum stack use amount data calculated by the MUSC may be smaller than the actual maximum use amount 51 CHAPTER 3 OPERATION The NOADDSP suboption cancels the ADDSP suboption The option can be specified only for the 9075 and cc896s commands Output Example Input extern int i extern void sub int void func void sub i sub i Operation fcc907s K addsp cpu MB90F553A S sample c Output MOVW A i PUSHW A CALL sub MOVW A i PUSHW A CALL sub ADDSP 4 Releasing argument areas synt
95. d Module Creation Please compile and link all necessary modules after making a necessary program It is not necessary to specify a special option The following library and the startup routine are linked startup obj Standard library 11b896 1ib e Low level function library 11b896if 1ib B Example The program which secures the area in 100 bytes by the malloc function is made and executes the simulator debugger include lt stdlib h gt main void ptr ptr malloc 100 Create a C source file named test c as shown above Compile using the following command Setup the corresponding directory for LIBTOOL 8965 test c cpu MB89P935B L LIBTOOL 1 fcc896 1ib 1 fcc896if lib At completion of the preceding step test abs is created Execute the created file with the simulator debugger After startup input following commands end is a symbol defined within the startup routine Create the startup routine object as the one with the debug information go end 209 CHAPTER 10 SIMULATOR DEBUGGER LOW LEVEL FUNCTION LIBRARY 10 5 LOW LEVEL FUNC FUNCITON This section describes the function specific to the simulator debugger low level functions Special I O Port As far as the low level functions are concerned the first three bytes of the I O section are specified to function as the standard input standard output and standard error output respectively For such bytes files No 1 2 and 3 a
96. d in Japan USING THIS MANUAL Manual Configuration Reading two facing pages enables you to understand the contents without turning the page The summary below the title will help you understand the outline of each chapter and section How To Find Your Information You can find information via the table of contents or the index at the end of the manual Conventions The following notational conventions are used in this manual item The items enclosed within square brackets are omissible item 1 item 2 Either item 1 or item 2 must be specified This rule also takes effect when there are three or more items item The specifying of this item can be repeated any number of times Examples set forth in this manual are based on the UNIX OS convention B Product Naming Products in this manual are named as follows Windows95 means Microsoft Windows95 operating system WindowsNT means Microsoft WindowsNT Server network operating system Versions 3 51 and 4 0 and Microsoft WindowsNT Workstation operating system Versions 3 51 and 4 0 Windows means Microsoft Windows operating system Version 6 2 Layout of Facing Pages CHAPTER d FRIES 335 COMMAND FUNCITOM CALL IHTERFACE The pirena naea Esc beers hara lr aci isi shiri ni bared vagas cra lar peh ue prc mr csi ad eed eo 8 ae jY mgd CAS ba Combined s
97. double 8 1 long double 8 1 Pointer address 2 1 Structure union Explained later Explained later 86 4 9 fcc907s COMMAND BIT FIELD 4 9 fcc907s COMMAND BIT FIELD This section describes the bit field data size and boundary alignment for the cc907s command The bit field data is assigned to a storage unit that has an adequate size for bit field data retention and is located at the smallest address B cc907s Command Bit Field Consecutive bit field data are packed at consecutive bits having the same storage unit without regard to the type beginning with the LSB and continuing toward the MSB An example is shown in Figure 4 9 1 struct tagl int A 10 short B 3 char C 2 15 MSB 13 10 0 LSB Unoccupied Figure 4 9 1 Example 1 of Bit Field Data Size and Boundary Alignment for fcc907s Command If a field to be assigned lies over a bit field type boundary its assignment is completed by aligning it with a boundary suitable for the type An example is shown in Figure 4 9 2 struct tag2 long int A 12 4 byte boundary data short B 5 2 byte boundary data char 5 2 byte boundary data 31 MSB 28 24 21 16 12 0 LSB Unoccupied C Unoccupied B Unoccupied A Figure 4 9 2 Example 2 of Bit Field Data Size and Boundary Alignment for fcc907s Command When a bit field having a bit length of 0 is declared it is forcibly assigned to the n
98. double or long double type 113 CHAPTER 4 OBJECT PROGRAM STRUCTURE 4 16 6 fcc911s Command Return Value Table 4 16 3 shows the return value interface stated in the standard linkage regulations B fcc911s Command Return Value Table 4 16 3 cc911s Command Return Value Interface Stated in Standard Linkage Regulations void None char R4 signed char R4 unsigned char R4 short R4 unsigned short R4 int R4 unsigned int R4 long R4 unsigned long R4 float R4 double R4 R5 long double R4 R5 Pointer address R4 Structure union R4 1 The 4 high order bytes of a total of 8 bytes are stored in R4 and the remaining 4 low order bytes are stored in R5 2 When a structure union is used as the return value the caller function stores the start address of the return value storage area into R4 and then passes it to the callee function The callee function interprets R4 as the start address of the return value storage area When this address needs to be saved in memory the callee function secures the hidden parameter save area and saves the address in that area 114 4 17 fcc896s COMMAND FUNCITON CALL INTERFACE 4 17 fcc896s COMMAND FUNCITON CALL INTERFACE The general rules for control transfer between functions are established as standard regulations for individual architectures and are called standard linkage regulations A module written in C language can be com
99. e option Output Example Input extern int a static void a 1 void func void sub Operation fcc907s cpu MB90F553A O x sub S sample c 3 5 DETAILS OF OPTIONS Output func MOVN A 1 MOVW a A RET Operation 9115 cpu MB91F154 O x sub 5 sample c Output func LDI 1 RO LDI 32 a R12 RET D ST RO R12 Operation fcc896s cpu MB89P935B O x sub S sample c Output func MOVN A 1 MOVW _a A L func RET O xauto size O Xxauto The xauto option effects in line expansion instead of function calling of functions whose logical line count is not less than size However recursively called functions will not be subjected to in line expansion It should also be noted that functions may not be subjected to in line expansion depending on asm statement use structure union type argument presence set jmp function calling and other conditions If the size entry is omitted the value 30 is assumed to be specified The option takes effect only when it is specified simultaneously with the O option The Xxauto option cancels the xauto option O K ARRAY O K NOARRAY The ARRAY suboption optimizes the array element access code e g ali The ARRAY suboption takes effect only when it is specified simultaneously with the O option However a part of optimization might be not effective when the ARRAY suboption is specified and the code wors
100. e dote apad 15 CHAPTER 3 OPERATION Agna que CUR eercHs 17 34d GOMMAND LINE 2n ide beef edi n de ie eer s La 18 3 2 COMMAND OPERANBDJS ierit teet ue ee Te ee era sve i OM Oe eae 19 3 3 FILENAMES AND DIRECTORY 6 2 nnne ens 20 3 4 COMMAND OPT ON S inna estesa etna sss sanas en ens nnne nnn 21 3 4 1 23 3 4 2 List of Command Cancel 26 3 5 DETAILS OF OPTIONS he eae 28 3 5 1 Translation Control Related Options 29 3 5 2 Preprocessor Related Options sesssssssssesesees enses 32 3 5 3 Data Output Related Options on tee eere bere perita 36 3 5 4 Language Specification Related 43 3 5 5 Optimization Related Options ttt n een P Le nece avete a ta YE Eee egal 50 3 5 6 Output Object Related 58 3 5 7 Debug Information Related 64 3 58 Command Related
101. e functions whose logical line count is not less than xauto size sire Y item dir Changes the item position to dir Table 3 4 2 List of cc907s Command Options Specifying Format Function div905 Specifies the DIV DIVW instruction is generated K ADDSP Releases actual argument areas altogether K ARRAY Optimization of array element access code pack Packing of struct and union menbers model SMALL MEDIUM COMPACT LARGE Specifies the memory model ramconst Specifies that the mirror function will not be used Specifies the rule of arrangement of external variables and static variables varorder SORT NORMAL in section 24 3 4 COMMAND OPTIONS Table 3 4 3 List of cc911s Command Options Specifying Format Function Performs processes up to assembling and outputs the result to obj name Specifies the entry of a program A1 A4 Specifies the minimum boundary alignment value for static data SCHEDULE NOSCHEDULE Specifies the recall of the scheduler SARG DARG Specifies the argument area acquisition type SHORTADDRESS CODE DATA LONGADDRESS CODE DATA Specifies the external symbol handling type L pathi path2 Specifies the library path 1 libl lib2 Specifies the library file name m Outputs a map file at the time of linking ra name start end Specifies the RAM area ro name s
102. e qualified variable sections the compiler generates the DCLEAR sections These sections sequentially store the start addresses of the sections to be cleared to zero and the section sizes Therefore use this section when initialization to zero is intended For zero clearing a section using the DCLEAR section see Figure 6 2 1 The DATA and DIRDATA sections cannot be zero cleared by this method so they should be zero cleared by another method 3 Initialization Data Area Duplication When incorporating constant data or program into ROM the default data positioned in the ROM area needs to be copied to the RAM area For the initialization of __ far type qualified initial value attached variable sections the compiler generates the DTRANS section This section sequentially stores the initial value storage section start address copy destination section start address and section size data Therefore use this section when performing the initial value duplication process For initialization of a section using the DTRANS section see Figure 6 2 2 The INIT and DIRINIT sections cannot be initialized by this method so they should be initialized by another method 4 Library Initial Setup When using the libraries open a file for standard input output For details see 8 2 Initialization Termination Process Required for Library Use 5 User Program Calling Call the user program 6 Program Shutdown Process The close process must be performed
103. e section Initialized section Constant section Data section Initialized direct section Direct section I O section Vector section B fcc896s Command Section Structure Table 4 3 1 shows the sections to be generated by the compiler and their meanings Table 4 3 1 cc896s Command Section List Section Boundary Section Type Name Alignment Initial Value Byte 1 Code section CODE CODE 1 Disabled Provided 2 Initialized section INIT DATA 1 Enabled Provided 3 Constant section CONST CONST 1 Disabled Provided 4 Data section DATA DATA 1 Enabled Not provided Initialized di 5 es Te TER tract sec DIRINIT DIR 1 Enabled Provided tion 6 Direct section DIRDATA DIR 1 Enabled Not provided 7 I O section IO IO 1 Enabled Not provided 8 Vector section INTVECT DATA 1 Enabled Provided The purpose of each section use and the relationship to the C language are explained below 1 Code section Stores machine codes This section corresponds to the procedure section for the C language 2 Initialized section Stores the initial value attached variable area For the C language this section corresponds to the area for external variables without the const qualifier static external variables and static internal variables 79 CHAPTER 4 OBJECT PROGRAM STRUCTURE 80 3 Constant section Stores the write protected initial value attached variable area For the C language this section corresp
104. ea for external variables including those which are with the const qualifier static external variables and static internal variables The default section name is DATA 7 Initialized direct section Stores the area for direct qualified initial value attached variables For the C language this section corresponds to the area for external variables static external variables and static internal variables that direct qualified and without the const qualifier The default section name is DIRINIT 8 Initial value of DIRINIT Stores the initial values for the direct qualified initial value attached variables This section is located in the ROM It is necessary to copy the DIRCONST data to the DIRINIT using the startup routine If the order of section output by the compiler is changed to the detriment of DIRCONST to DIRINIT correspondence no subsequent operations will be guaranteed The default section name is DIRCONST 9 Direct section Stores the area for the direct qualified variables without the initial value For the C language this section corresponds to the area for direct qualified external variables including those which are provided with the const qualifier static external variables and static internal variables The default section name is DIRDATA 75 CHAPTER 4 OBJECT PROGRAM STRUCTURE 10 I O section Stores the area for the io qualified variables For the C language this section cor
105. ear a A tee 217 a US 217 217 218 stdlib hz 3 zr ba xxx 218 stream area 185 CU ITI 218 219 structure 93 95 97 symbolic 7 Ex que X do UE VE DIS 21 SVS tVDeS qoo fanaa tae CEDE OR 219 system stack use specifying function 159 system dependent 181 T termination process 185 TMP ei seid rdc ada x d e EY RO a ds 14 tool identifier 71 translation control related option 28 29 U os es pce ilex Y CE 93 95 97 218 V vector table generation function 144 write 192 211 233 INDEX 234 CM81 00204 1E FUJITSU SEMICONDUCTOR CONTROLLER MANUAL FR FAMILY F2MC FAMILY 32 16 8 BIT MICROCONTROLLER SOFTUNE C COMPILER MANUAL September 1998 the first edition Published FUJITSU LIMITED Electronic Devices Edited Technical Communication Dept FUJITSU SEMICONDUCTOR FR FAMILY F2MC FAMILY 32 16 8 BIT MICROCONTROLLER Sortune C COMPILER MANUAL
106. ed ilei c file2 c file3 c are subjected to preprocessing compiling assembling and linking so that files named ilel abs are generated 3 2 COMMAND OPERANDS 3 2 COMMAND OPERANDS One or more input files can be specified as operands Command Operands The command determines the file type according to the input file extension and performs an appropriate process to suit the file type The extension cannot be omitted File Specifying C source files preprocessed C source files assembler source files and object files can be specified as operands File Extension The relationship between input file extensions and 9075 command processes is shown in Table 3 2 1 Note however that the associated process may be inhibited depending on the option specifying Table 3 2 1 Relationship between Extensions and Command Processes Extension Command Process The file having this extension is regarded as a C source file and subjected to preprocessing and subsequent processes The file having this extension is regarded as a preprocessed C source file and subjected to compiling and subsequent processes The file having this extension is regarded as a compiled assembler source file and subjected to assembling and subsequent processes The file having this extension is regarded as an assembled object file and subjected to linking and subsequent processes For this type of file the fcc907s command does nothing
107. ed at the written position When the statement is written outside the function it is expanded as an independent section Therefore if the statement is to be written outside the function be sure to write the section definition pseudo instruction to define the section If the section is not defined no subsequent operations will be guaranteed When using a general purpose register within the asm statement in the function during fcc907s or cc896s command execution the user is responsible for register saving and restoration The accumulator can be freely used When using a general purpose register within the asm statement in the function during fcc911s command execution the user is responsible for register saving and restoration However the user need not to be conscious of general purpose registers RO to R3 R12 and R13 because saving and restoring are performed by the compiler If the asm statement exists in a C source program various optimization features are inhibited even when the O optimization option is specified Output Example for cc907s Command Input When written inside the function extern int temp sample asm MOVN A 1 asm MOVN temp A When written outside the function asm SECTION DATA DATA ALIGN 2 asm ALIGN 2 asm GLOBAL a asm RES B 2 5 1 ASSEMBLER DESCRIPITON FUNCTIONS SECTION CODE CODE ALIGN 2 CSEG CSEG presius begin_of_fu
108. ed by the option Indicates a serious error Process execution stops Indicates a fatal error which is related to quantitative limitations or system fail ure Process execution stops CHAPTER4 OBJECT PROGRAM STRUCTURE This chapter describes the information necessary for program execution 4 1 fcc907s COMMAND SECTION STRUCTURE 4 2 fcc911s COMMAND SECTION STRUCTURE 4 3 fcca96s COMMAND SECTION STRUCTURE 4 4 MEMORY MODELS 4 5 GENERATION RULES FOR NAMES USED BY COMPILER 4 6 fcc907s COMMAND BOUNDARY ALIGNMENT 4 7 fcc911s COMMAND BOUNDARY ALIGNMENT 4 8 fcca96s COMMAND BOUNDARY ALIGNMENT 4 9 fcc907s COMMAND BIT FIELD 4 10 fcc911s COMMAND BIT FIELD 4 11 fcc896s COMMAND BIT FIELD 4 12 fcc907s COMMAND STRUCTURE UNION 4 13 fcc911s COMMAND STRUCTURE UNION 4 14 fcc896s COMMAND STRUCTURE UNION 4 15 fcc907s COMMAND FUNCITON CALL INTERFACE 4 16 fcc911s COMMAND FUNCTION CALL INTERFACE 4 17 fcc896s COMMAND FUNCITON CALL INTERFACE 4 18 fcc907s COMMAND INTERRUPT FUNCITON CALL INTERFACE 4 19 fcc911s COMMAND INTERRUPT FUNCITON CALL INTERFACE 4 20 fcc896s COMMAND INTERRUPT FUNCITON CALL INTERFACE 73 CHAPTER 4 OBJECT PROGRAM STRUCTURE 4 1 fcc907s COMMAND SECTION STRUCTURE Table 4 1 1 shows the sections to be generated by the compiler and their meanings When a section name is accessed using a 24 bit symbol its name used is the section name plus the module name attached to the end
109. eeds to be copied to the RAM area However this duplication step is unnecessary if such a data rewrite operation will not performed within the user program The area to be incorporated into ROM is usually positioned in the INIT section When incorporation into ROM is specified the linker automatically generates the following symbols for the specified section name ROM Specified section name RAM Specified section name The above symbols indicate the ROM and RAM area start addresses respectively An example specifying of incorporation into ROM for the INIT section is shown below fcc896s ro ROM ROM Address range ra RAM RAM Address range SC INT ROM INIT RAM For the details of incorporation into ROM refer to the Linkage Kit Manual 4 Library Initial Setup When using the libraries open a file for standard input output For details see 8 2 Initialization Termination Process Required for Library Use 5 User Program Calling Call the user program 6 Program Shutdown Process The close process must be performed for opened files The normal end and abnormal end processes must be prepared in accordance with the system 176 CHAPTER7 LIBRARY OVERVIEW This chapter outlines the C libraries by describing the organization of files provided by the libraries and the relationship to the system into which the libraries are incorporated 7 1 FILE ORGANIZATION 7 2 RELATIONSHIP TO LIBRARY INCORPORATING SYSTEM 177 CHAPT
110. elative to the standard input output and files when such standard input output and files are allocated to the above mentioned area prior to program execution using simulator debugger commands set inport and set outport The close function frees an already allocated area to render it reusable Since the file position cannot be changed in the simulator debugger the value 1 is always returned for the 1seek function Area Management 204 An already acquired external variable area is used as the area returned by the sbrk function When the sbrk function is called area allocation begins with the lowest address of the area 10 2 fcc911s COMMAND LOW LEVEL FUNCITON LIBRARY USE 10 2 fcc911s COMMAND LOW LEVEL FUNCITON LIBRARY USE This section describes the load module creation and simulator debugger setup procedures to be performed for low level function library use B Initialization No initialization is required except for steam init function calling When creating the startup routine in accordance with the system call the stream init function prior to main function calling Load Module Creation After completing creation of the necessary program compile and link all the necessary modules No special option specifying is needed The following libraries and startup routine are linked startup obj e Standard library 11b911 1ib Low level function library Lib911if 1lib The sections are arranged at the following
111. en according to the source program This option can be specified for the fcc907s and fcc896s commnad only The NOARRAY suboption cancels the ARRAY suboption 57 CHAPTER 3 OPERATION 3 5 6 Output Object Related Options This section describes the options related to output object formats Output Object Related Options 58 O cpu MB number In this option the MB number of the CPU actually used is specified in the CPU information file If the MB number not described in the CPU information file is specified the compiler becomes an error because series information on the CPU is taken from the CPU information file This option cannot be omitted Example 9115 S cpu MB91F154 sample c fcc907s S cpu MB90F553A sample c fcc896s S cpu MB89P935B sample c O div905 O Xdiv905 The div905 option and the Xdiv905 option are the options concerning the CPU bug of DIV A Ri and DIVW A RWi instructions of MB90500 series This CPU bug is discribed to Appendix C Notes of Signed Division Instruction of FFMC 16LX CPU The div905 option and the Xdiv905 option can be specified only for the fcc907s command And only when the MB number of MB90500 series is specified by the cpu option these become effective The div905 option generates signed division instruction DIV and DIVW Please specify this option only when there is no problem even if the signed division instruction DIV and DIVW is used The Xdiv905 opt
112. environment variables for the setting of environment variables refer to the manual for each operating system All the environment variables can be omitted For the supply style refer to the C Compiler Installation Manual The Windows95 WindowsNT version permits the use of long file names for the directories to be set up as environment variables For the characters applicable to long file names see 3 3 File Names and Directory Names Setup Example set TMP c Fujitsu MCU tool For environment variable setup do not use double quotation marks 2 1 FETOOL 2 2 LIB911 LIB896 2 3 OPT907 OPT911 OPT896 2 4 INC907 INC91 1 INC896 2 5 2 6 FELANG CHAPTER 2 SETUP OF SYSTEM EMVIRONMENT BEFORE USING C COMPILER 2 1 FETOOL Specify the installation directory for the development environment B FETOOL General Format 1 For UNIX OS setenv FETOOL Installation directory General Format 2 For Windows set FETOOL Installation directory The driver accesses the compiler message file include file and other items via the path specified by FETOOL When FETOOL setup is not completed the parent directory for the directory where the activated command exists the position of the directory where the command exists is regarded as the installation directory No more than one directory can be specified Example For UNIX OS setenv FETOOL usr local softune Example For Windows set FETOOL c softune 2 2 LIB911 LIB89
113. er guarantee stated in the standard linkage regulations and the register setup regulations are explained later Return Value The return value interface stated in the standard linkage regulations is explained later 4 16 fcc911s COMMAND FUNCTION CALL INTERFACE 4 16 1 fcc911s Command Stack Frame The standard linkage regulations prescribe the stack frame construction B 9115 Command Stack Frame The stack pointer SP always indicates the lowest order of the stack frame Its address value always represents the work boundary Figure 4 16 1 shows the standard function stack frame status Low SPo Actual argument area Local variable save area FP gt Old FP Return address storage area Register save area Hidden parameter save area Argument register save area Virtual argument area High Figure 4 16 1 cc911s Command Stack Frame 1 Actual argument area virtual argument area When a function is called this area is used for argument transfer When the argument is set up by the caller function this area is referred to as the actual argument area When the argument is referenced by the callee function this area is referred to as the virtual argument area The area is allocated when all arguments cannot be placed on the argument register at the time of argument transfer For details see 4 16 2 cc911s Command Argument 2 Local variable save area This is the area for local variables and temporary vari
114. eseaasseeeeeseseneeses 212 juu CMT ORO 215 Appendix A LIST OF TYPE MACRO VARIABLE AND 1 222 216 Appendix B OPERATIONS SPECIFIC TO 6 enne 221 Appendix C NOTES OF SIGNED DIVISION INSTRUCTION OF FFMC 16LX 227 FIGURES Figure 1 1 1 Figure 1 2 1 Figure 1 2 1 Figure 1 2 2 Figure 1 2 2 Figure 3 7 1 Figure 4 9 1 Figure 4 9 2 Figure 4 9 3 Figure 4 10 1 Figure 4 10 2 Figure 4 10 3 Figure 4 11 1 Figure 4 11 2 Figure 4 11 3 Figure 4 12 1 Figure 4 12 2 Figure 4 12 3 Figure 4 13 1 Figure 4 13 2 Figure 4 13 3 Figure 4 15 1 Figure 4 15 2 Figure 4 15 3 Figure 4 15 4 Figure 4 16 1 Figure 4 16 2 Figure 4 16 3 Figure 4 16 4 Figure 4 16 5 Figure 4 17 1 Figure 4 17 2 C Gomipiler Structure edit rein eiTe de ehe Ere Ml ae A Xa dE MR nade 2 Relationship between Input Files and Output Files Generated by Options 5 fcc907s Command i itta e e eet EH ae e NO epa 5 Relationship between Input Files and Output Files Generated by Options 5 fcc911s and fcc896s 0 0 000000000 eene nen nennen nennen 5 Diagnostic Message Example 71 Example 1 of Bit Field Data Size and Boundary Alignment for fcc907s Command 87 E
115. et pragma defvect specifies the default interrupt function to be set for interrupt vectors not specified by pragma intvect The interrupt vector table is generated in an independent section named INTVEC When pragma defvect is written tables for all vectors are generated Therefore all vector tables must be defined using the same translation unit If pragma defvect is not used pragma intvect can be written using two or more translation units The definition cannot be formulated two or more times for the same vector number However no error occurs if the definitions are for the same translation unit and are identical No value other than an integer constant may be specified as the vector number Specify a vector number between 0 and 255 No value other than an integer constant may be specified as the mode value 5 2 INTERRUPT CONTROL FUNCITONS cc911s Command General Format pragma intvect Interrupt function name Vector number pragma defvect Interrupt function name Explanation pragma intvect generates an interrupt vector table for which the interrupt function is set pragma defvect specifies the default interrupt function to be set for interrupt vectors not specified by pragma intvect The interrupt vector table is generated in an independent section named INTVECT All interrupt vector tables must be defined using the same translation unit file If pragma intvect or pragma defvect is specified using two or
116. ether a file is a terminal file Function for dynamically acquiring changing the memory Function for normal program ending Function for abnormal program ending 181 CHAPTER 7 LIBRARY OVERVIEW 182 CHAPTER 8 LIBRARY INCORPORATION This chapter describes the processes and functions to be prepared for library use 8 1 8 2 8 3 8 4 8 5 LIBRARY INCORPORATION OVERVIEW INITIALIZATION TERMINATION PROCESS REQUIRED FOR LIBRARY USE LOW LEVEL FUNCTION TYPES STANDARD LIBRARY FUNCTIONS AND REQUIRED PROCESS LOW LEVEL FUNCTIONS LOW LEVEL FUNCTION SPECIFICAITONS 183 CHAPTER 8 LIBRARY INCORPORATION 8 1 LIBRARY INCORPORATION OVERVIEW This section outlines library incorporation Processes and Functions Required for Library Use File input output memory management and program termination procedures are the processes dependent on the system Therefore when such system dependent processes are needed such processes are separated from the library and whenever such processes are needed they will be called as a low level function Further the stream area initialization and other processes are required for library use The following processes and functions must be prepared for library use Stream area initialization Standard input output and standard error output file open and close processes Low level function creation At the time of library incorporation the above processes and functions mu
117. ext storage unit An example is shown in Figure 4 9 3 87 CHAPTER 4 OBJECT PROGRAM STRUCTURE 0 LSB struct tag3 int A 5 int B 5 int 0 int C 6 15 MSB 10 Unoccupied Unoccupied Figure 4 9 3 Example 3 of Bit Field Data Size and Boundary Alignment for fcc907s Command 88 4 10 fcc911s COMMAND BIT FIELD 4 10 fcc911s COMMAND BIT FIELD This section describes the bit field data size and boundary alignment for the cc911s command The bit field data is assigned to a storage unit that has an adequate size for bit field data retention and is located at the smallest address B fcc911s Command Bit Field Consecutive bit field data are packed at consecutive bits having the same storage unit without regard to the type beginning with the MSB and continuing toward the LSB An example is shown in Figure 4 10 1 struct tagl int A 10 short B 3 char C 2 31 MSB 21 18 16 0 LSB A B Unoccupied Figure 4 10 1 Example 1 of Bit Field Data Size and Boundary Alignment for cc911s Command If a field to be assigned lies over a bit field type boundary its assignment is completed by aligning it with a boundary suitable for the type An example is shown in Figure 4 10 2 struct tag2 int A 12 4 byte boundary data short B 5 2 byte boundary data char C 5 1 byte boundary data 31 MSB 19 15 10 7 2 0 LSB A Unoccupied B Unoccupied
118. fcc896s command register guarantee 121 fcc896s command register 121 8965 command return value 122 fcc896s command section 79 8965 command stack frame 116 fcc896s command startup routine creation 176 8965 command 97 fcc907s command 3 167 fcc907s command 101 9075 command argument extension format 102 fcc907s command bit 87 fcc907s command boundary alignment 84 fcc907s command calling procedure 103 fcc907s command dynamic allocation area change 212 231 INDEX fcc907s command function call interface 98 fcc907s command interrupt function call interface 123 fcc907s command interrupt function calling procedure 125 9075 command interrupt stack frame 124 fcc907s command register guarantee 104 fcc907s command register 104 fcc907s command return value 105 fcc907s command sbrk c source program list 212 fcc907s command section structure 74 fcc907s command stack frame 99 fcc907s command startup routine creation 174 fcc907s command structure union 93 foc911s command 3 167 fcc911s command 109 fcc911s command argument extension format 111 fc
119. finition Explanation The direct area operation variable can be defined by specifying the __ direct type qualifier It makes it possible to specify that the pointer specified object is the direct area When the specified variable for a structure or union it is assumed that all members are positioned in the direct area The variable cannot be specified for structure or union members Since highly efficient dedicated instructions are provided for direct area accessing compact objection generation can be achieved at an increased speed In the cc907s command to make accessible the section DIRVAR DIRINIT generated by _ direct type qualifying the variable it is necessary to properly set up the DPR with the startup routine In the cc896s command to make accessible the section DIRVAR DIRINIT generated by direct type qualifying the variable the sections must be arranged in the 0x00 to OxFF range The area in this range is also used as the I O area so the sections should be arranged in an area that is not used as the I O area 149 CHAPTER 5 EXTENDED LANGUAGE SPECIFICATIONS Output Example Input int _ direct p void sample void 1 fcc907s Command Output SECTION DIRDATA DIR ALIGN 2 ALIGN 2 GLOBAL p RES B 2 GLOAL LOADSPB SECTION CODE CODE ALIGN 2 p L L begin of function GLOBAL sample LINK 0 MOVN A 1 MOVW S _p A UNLINK RET fcc896s Command Output SECTION D
120. following registers of the caller function General purpose registers R8 to R11 R14 and R15 The register guarantee is provided when the callee function acquires a new area from the stack and saves the register value in that area Note however that registers remaining unchanged within the function are not saved If such registers are altered using the asm statement etc no subsequent operations will be guaranteed B 9115 Command Register Setup Table 4 16 2 shows the register regulations for function call and return periods Table 4 16 2 Register Regulations for cc911s Command Function Call and Return Periods Register Call Period Return period R4 Argument return value area address Return value R5 Argument register Return value R6 and R7 Argument register Not stipulated RO to R3 Not stipulated Not stipulated R12 and R13 Not stipulated Not stipulated R8 to R11 Not stipulated Call period value guaranteed R14 Frame pointer FP Call period value guaranteed R15 Stack pointer SP Call period value guaranteed 1 There are no stipulations for unused registers in situations where the argument is less than 4 words 2 There are no stipulations for situations where a function without the return value is called or a function with a structure union type return value is called 8 There are no stipulations for situations where the function to be called has a return value other than a
121. fopen and all other file opening functions open the system s actual files In like manner the 1 and all other file closing functions close the system s actual files when the close function is called Input and Output Relative to File The scanf printf and other input output functions perform input output operations relative to the system s actual files when the read and write functions are called File Position Change The seek and other file position manipulation functions acquire or change the system s actual file positions when the 1seek function is called File Inspection Checks whether an open file is a terminal file Memory Area Dynamic Acquisition The malloc and other memory area dynamic acquisition functions acquire or free specific memory areas when the sbrk function is called Program Abnormal End and Normal End The abort function and exit function call the _abort function and _exit function respectively as the termination process 8 4 STANDARD LIBRARY FUNCTIONS AND REQUIRED PROCESS LOW LEVEL FUNCTIONS 8 4 STANDARD LIBRARY FUNCTIONS AND REQUIRED PROCESS LOW LEVEL FUNCTIONS This section describes the standard library functions and associated initialization termination processes and low level functions B Standard Library Functions and Required Process Low level Functions Table 8 4 1 shows the relationship between the standard library functions that use the initialization and termination processes
122. for opened files The normal end and abnormal end processes must be prepared in accordance with the system 6 2 STARTUP ROUTINE CREATION Predefine the following items at startup DCLEAR S gt gt Start address of DATA_module name 1 Size of DATA_module name 1 Calculating by SIZEOF DCLEAR Start address of DATA_module name 1 Size of DATA_module name 1 Figure 6 2 1 Example of DCLEAR Section Predefine the following items at startup DTRANS_S gt Start address of DCONST_module name 1 Start address of INIT module name 1 Size of INIT module name 1 Calculating by SIZEOF DTRANS Start address of module name 2 Start address of INIT module name 2 Size of INIT module name 2 Figure 6 2 2 Example of DTRANS Section B fcc911s Command Startup Routine Creation 1 Register Initial Setup Set the stack pointer SP to the top of the stack stack top 2 Data Area Initialization The C language specification guarantees the initialization of external variables without the initial value and static variables to 0 Therefore initialize the DATA sections to 0 3 Initialization Data Area Duplication When incorporating constant data or program into ROM the data positioned in the ROM area needs to be copied to the RAM area However this duplication step is unnecessary if such a data rewrite operation will not performed within the user program The area to be incorporated into ROM is usually positioned in t
123. function that is not to be saved to a register This function is used to inhibit the register save operation when it is not needed due to register bank switching Register bank switching can be performed using pragma register pragma register is usually used with interrupt Output Example Input extern void sub void pragma register 5 nosavereg X interrupt void func void sub pragma noregister fcc907s Command Output _func MOV RP 5 LINK 0 CALL _sub UNLINK RETI 161 CHAPTER 5 EXTENDED LANGUAGE SPECIFICATIONS 5 13 BUILT IN FUNCTION The following built in functions are available wait mul div mod mulu divu modu B wait nop Built in Function General Format void wait nop void Explanation To properly time I O access and interrupt generation formerly the instruction was inserted using the asm statement However when such a method is used the asm statement may occasionally inhibit various forms of optimization and greatly degrade the file object efficiency When the _ wait nop built in function is written the compiler outputs one instruction to the function call entry position If the function call entry is performed a count of times until all the issued NoP instructions are covered timing control is exercised to minimize the effect on optimization Output Example Input void sample void wait fcc9
124. h When calling near type qualified function from a far type qualified function both functions must be positioned in the same section The reason is that the PCB set up for__ far type qualified function calling is used as is for near type qualified function calling O Medium Model The medium model is to be specified in situations where codes can be positioned in a 24 bit address space and data can be positioned in a 16 bit address space When using a product without the mirror function it is necessary to specify the ramconst option for the purpose of securing a ROM data accessing area in RAM If the address size is specified by a type qualifier such a specified address size is complied with 81 CHAPTER 4 OBJECT PROGRAM STRUCTURE 82 O Compact Model The compact model is to be specified in situations where codes can be positioned in a 16 bit address space and data can be positioned in a 24 bit address space If the address size is specified by a type qualifier such a specified address size is complied with Variables have to be adjusted to the bank boundary If not the generated code cannot access such variable correctly Large Model The large model is to be specified in situations where all codes and data can be positioned in a 24 bit address space Since all addresses are expressed using 24 bits the codes used are redundant as compared to those for the small model If the address size is specified by a type
125. h fprintf sscanf fgets ungetc fsetpos ferror size t FILE fpos t EOF SEEK SET SEEK CUR IOLBF IOFBF BUFSIZ stderr putchar putc offsetof putc getchar getc fopen freopen setbuf fscanf printf scanf vfprintf vprintf vsprintf fputc fputs gets fred fwrite fgetpos ftell rewind clearerr SEEK_END stdin getchar fclose setvbut sprintf fgetc puts fseek feof 217 APPENDIX B stdio h for B stdlib h B string h B fcntl h B unistd h 218 the fcc896s command Macros BUFSIZ Function sprintf Type ptrdiff t Macros NULL Function atof strtoul malloc bsearch ldiv Type ptrdiff t Macros NULL Function memcppy strncat strchr strstr Macros O RDONLY O TRUNC Macros SEEK SET sscanf size t offsetof atoi rand realloc qsort size t offsetof memmove memcmp strcspn strtok O WRONLY O BINARY SEEK CUR vsprintf div t EXIT FAILUREEXIT SUCCESSRAND MAX atol srand abort abs strcpy strcmp strpbrk memset O RDWR SEEK END ldiv t strtod calloc atexit div strncpy strncmp strrchr strlen 0 APPEND strtol free exit labs strcat memchr strspn O CREAT B setjmp h B sys types hj Type jmp buf Macros set jmp Function long jmp Type off t Appendix A LIST OF TYPE MACRO VARIABLE AND FUNCITON 219 APPENDIX 220 Appendix B OPERATIONS SPECIFIC TO LIBRARIES Appendix OPERATIONS SPECIFIC TO LIBRARIES
126. hanged within the function are not saved If such registers are altered using the asm statement etc no subsequent operations will be guaranteed B cc907s Command Register Setup Table 4 15 2 shows the register regulations for function call and return periods Table 4 15 2 Register Regulations for cc907s Command Function Call and Return Periods Register A Call Period Return value area address Return Period Return value RWO to RW2 Not stipulated Call period value guaranteed RW3 Frame pointer Call period value guaranteed RW4 and WR5 Not stipulated Not stipulated RW6 and RW7 Not stipulated Call period value guaranteed USP SSP Note There are no stipulations for situations where a function without the return value is called or a function having a structure union double long double type return value is called 104 Stack pointer Call period value guaranteed 4 15 fcc907s COMMAND FUNCITON CALL INTERFACE 4 15 6 fcc907s Command Return Value Table 4 15 3 shows the return value interface stated in the standard linkage regulations B cc907s Command Return Value Table 4 15 3 cc907s Command Return Value Interface Stated in Standard Linkage Regulations Return Value Type Return Value Interface void char signed char unsigned char short unsigned short int unsigned int long unsigned long fl
127. he interrupt function is called by a method other than an interrupt no subsequent operations will be guaranteed The function call interface within the interrupt function is the same as stated in the standard linkage regulations B cc911s Command Interrupt Function Call Interface 126 Interrupt Stack Frame When an interrupt occurs the stack is changed to the interrupt stack Argument No argument can be specified for the interrupt function If any argument is specified for the interrupt function no subsequent operations will be guaranteed Interrupt Function Calling Procedure The interrupt function is called by an interrupt via the interrupt vector table If the interrupt function is called by any other method no subsequent operations will be guaranteed Register As regards the interrupt function all registers are guaranteed Return Value The interrupt function does not usually have a return value 4 19 fcc911s COMMAND INTERRUPT FUNCITON CALL INTERFACE 4 19 1 fcc911s Command Interrupt Stack Frame When an interrupt occurs the stack is changed to the interrupt stack B cc911s Command Interrupt Stack Frame When an interrupt occurs the stack pointer SP is replaced by the interrupt stack pointer SSP Within the interrupt function the interrupt stack pointer is used as the normal stack pointer Figure 4 19 1 shows the interrupt stack frame status prevailing immediately after interrupt generation Low
128. he INIT section When incorporation into ROM is specified the linker automatically generates the following symbols for the specified section name ROM Specified section name RAM Specified section name The above symbols indicate the ROM and RAM area start addresses respectively An example specifying of incorporation into ROM for the INIT section is shown below 175 CHAPTER 6 EXECUTION ENVIRONMENT fcc911s ro ROM ROM Address range ra RAM RAM Address range SC INT ROM INIT RAM For the details of incorporation into ROM refer to the Linkage Kit Manual 4 Library Initial Setup When using the libraries open a file for standard input output For details see 8 2 Initialization Termination Process Required for Library Use 5 User Program Calling Call the user program 6 Program Shutdown Process The close process must be performed for opened files The normal end and abnormal end processes must be prepared in accordance with the system fcc896s Command Startup Routine Creation 1 Register Initial Setup Set the stack pointer SP to the top of the stack stack top 2 Data Area Initialization The C language specification guarantees the initialization of external variables without the initial value and static variables to 0 Therefore initialize the DATA and DIRDATA sections to 0 3 Initialization Data Area Duplication When incorporating constant data or program into ROM the data positioned in the ROM area n
129. hesized O K EOPT O K NOEOPT The EOPT suboption effects optimization by changing the arithmetic operation evaluation type at the compilation stage When this option is specified there may be side effects on the execution results This option takes effect only when it is specified simultaneously with the option The NOEOPT suboption cancels the EOPT suboption Output Example Input extern int i void func int a int b i a 100 b 100 Operation fcc907s K eopt O cpu MB90F553A S sample c 52 3 5 DETAILS OF OPTIONS Output MOVW QRW3 4 ADDW A RW3 6 Order of arthmatic operation replaced MOVW _1 Operation 9115 K eopt O cpu 91 154 S sample c Output ADD R5 R4 Order of arthmatic operation replaced LDI 32 R12 ST R4 R12 Operation fcc896s K eopt O cpu MB89P935B S sample c Output MOVW IX 4 MOVW A IX 6 CLRC ADDCW A Order of arthmatic operation replaced MOVW i A O K LIB O K NOLIB The LIB suboption recognizes the standard function operation and replaces the standard function with a higher speed standard function which effects standard function in line expansion and performs the same operation as the original standard function When this option is specified there may be side effects on the execution results Since standard function in line expansion is implemented the code size may increase This option takes effect only when it is spec
130. i and DIVW A RWi instructions The remainder of the execution result of the signed division instruction DIV A Ri and DIVW A RWi is stored in the address bit0 15 which corresponds to the register of the instruction operand of bank area bit16 23 according to an undermentioned table Therefore please adjust the corresponding bank register to 00 and use the DIV A Ri and DIVW A RWi instructions Instruction Bank Register Address where the remainder is stored DIV A RO DTB DTB bit16 23 0180h RPx10h 8h bit0 15 DIV A R1 DTB bit1 6 23 0180h RPx10h 9h bit0 15 DIV A R4 DTB bit16 23 0180h RPx10h Ch bit0 15 DIV A R5 DTB bit16 23 0180h RPx10h Dh bit0 15 DIVW A RWO DTB bit1 6 23 0180h RPx10h 0h bit0 15 DIVW A RW1 DTB bit1 6 23 0180h RPx10h 2h bit0 15 DIVW A RW4 DTB bit16 23 0180h RPx10h 8h bit0 15 DIVW A RW5 DTB bit16 23 0180h RPx10h Ah bit0 15 DIV A R2 ADB ADB bit1 6 23 0180h RPx10h Ah bit0 15 DIV A R6 ADB bit16 23 0180h RPx10h Eh bit0 15 DIVW A RW2 ADB bit16 23 0180h RPx10h 4h bit0 15 DIVW A RW6 ADB bit16 23 0180h RPx10h Ch bit0 15 DIV A R3 USB 1 USB 2 bit16 23 0180h RPx10h Bh bit0 15 DIV A R7 SSB 1 USB 2 bit16 23 0180h RPx10h Fh bit0 15 DIVW A RW3 USB 2 bit16 23 0180h RPx10h 6h bit0 15 DIVW A RW7 USB 2 bit16 23 0180h RPx10h Eh bit0 15 1 select by S bit of CCR register 2 S bit of CCR register is 0 227 APPENDIX When the value of the
131. ib lib905mrif lib For medium model ramconst Note The ramconst libraries serve programs for which the ramconst option is specified For the details of ramconst see 3 5 3 Data Output Related Options fcc911s Command Library Files lib911 1ib General purpose standard library lib911if lib Simulator debugger low level function library fcc896s Command Library Files lib896 1ib General purpose standard library lib896if 1lib Simulator debugger low level function library Header Files assert h ctype h float h limits h math h setjmp h stdarg h stddef h stdio h stdlib h string h 7 1 FILE ORGANIZATION The following three header files define the macros and types that are used when the standard library calls the low level function library fcntl h unistd h sys types h B Library Section Names The cc907s command library section names vary with the memory model Tables 7 1 3 to 7 1 5 show the section names used by the libraries Table 7 1 3 cc907s Command Section Name Section Type Code section CODE LIBCODE Compact CODE LIBCODE Data section DATA DATA LIBDATA LIBDATA Initial value of DINIT DCONST DCONST LIBDCONST LIBDCONST Initialized section INIT INIT LIBINIT LIBINIT Constant section CONST CONST LIBCONST LIBCONST RAM area of CCONST CINIT CINIT 179 CHAPTER 7 LIBRARY OVERVIEW Table 7 1 4 cc911s Command Library Section Names
132. ified more than one time The error related to the U option is the same as the error related to the undef instruction Example fcc907s U m D n D m file c cpu MB90F553A 9115 U m D n D m file c cpu MB91F154 fcc896s U m D n D m file c cpu MB89P935B This will cancel the macro m definition specified by the D option 35 CHAPTER 3 OPERATION 3 5 3 Data Output Related Options This section describes the options related to the command preprocessor and compiler data outputs Data Output Related Options emsg This option outputs the compiling process completion message Example Operation fcc907s cmsg S cpu MB90F553A sample c fcc911s cmsg S cpu MB91F154 sample c fcc896s cmsg S cpu MB89P935B sample c Output COMPLETED C Compile FOUND NO ERROR sample c O cwno This option sets the end code to 1 when a warning level error occurs When the option is not specified the end code is 0 O help O Xhelp The help option outputs the option list to the standard output The Xhelp option cancels the help option Example fcc907s help 9115 help fcc896s help Various command option lists are output to the standard output O INF LINENO O INF NOLINENO The INF LINENO option inserts C source file line numbers into the assembler source file as comments The LINENO suboption cannot be specified simultaneously with the SRCIN suboption The NOLINENO subopti
133. ified simultaneously with the option The NOLIB suboption cancels the LIB suboption Output Example Input extern int i void func void i strlen ABC Operation fcc907s K lib O cpu MB90F553A S sample c Output MOVN A 3 Processing equivalent to strlen expanded MOVW _1 53 CHAPTER 3 OPERATION 54 Operation 9115 K lib O cpu MB91F154 5 sample c Output LDI 3 RO Processing equivalent to strlen expanded LDI 32 i R12 ST RO QR12 Operation fcc896s K lib O cpu MB89P935B S sample c Output MOVW A Processing equivalent to strlen expanded MOVW oily A O K LONGADDRESS CODE DATA SHORTADDRESS CODE DATA The SHORTADDRESS suboption generates code on the presumption that the symbol address to be loaded within the program is within the 20 bit expression range This option can be specified for the 9115 command only When CODE or DATA is specified only the program code section CODE or CONST symbols or data section DATA or INIT symbols are to be processed If the address is outside the 20 bit expression range an error occurs at linking A normal operation is performed even if symbols other than those loaded in the program are positioned at addresses in the 20 bit expression range The LONGADDRESS suboption handles a symbol address as a 32 bit address This option can be specified for the 9115 command only If neither of the above tw
134. ileno is to be checked to see whether it is a terminal file When the file is a terminal file true must be returned If not false must be returned Return Value When the specified file is a terminal file true must be returned If not false must be returned 194 8 5 LOW LEVEL FUNCTION SPECIFICAITONS 8 5 7 sbrk Function Create the sbrk function in compliance with the specifications stated in this section char sbrk INT SIZE B sbrk Function Explanation The existing area must be enlarged by size bytes If size is a negative quantity the area must be reduced If the sbrk function has not been called furnish a size byte area The area varies as shown below with sbrk function calling After a change After a change effected by a effected by a Before change plus size value minus size value Low Existing area size bytes size bytes How Return value 1 the end address of the area prevailing before the area change 1 Figure 8 5 1 Area Change Brought About by sbrk Function Calling Return Value When the area change is successfully made the value to be returned must be determined by adding the value 1 to the end address of the area prevailing before the area change If the sbrk function has not been called the start address of the acquired area must be returned If the area change is not successfully made the value char 1 must be returned 195 CHAPTER 8 LIBRA
135. ion This function makes it possible to write the statement inside and outside the function General Format pragma asm Assembler description pragma endasm Explanation When the statement is written inside the function the assembler is expanded at the written position When the statement is written outside the function it is expanded as an independent section Therefore if the statement is to be written outside the function be sure to write the section definition pseudo instruction to define the section If the section is not defined no subsequent operations will be guaranteed When using a general purpose register within the asm statement in the function during cc907s or cc896s command execution the user is responsible for register saving and restoration The accumulator can be freely used When using a general purpose register within the asm statement in the function during fcc911s command execution the user is responsible for register saving and restoration However the user need not to be conscious of general purpose registers RO to R3 R12 and R13 because saving and restoring are performed by the compiler If the assembler provided by pragma asm endasm exists in the C source program various optimization features are inhibited even when the O optimization option is specified 137 CHAPTER 5 EXTENDED LANGUAGE SPECIFICATIONS 138 Output Example for cc907s Command Input When written inside the func
136. ion cancels the div905 option When the div905 option and the Xdiv905 option are omitted to the specification of the MB number of MB90500 series for the cpu option the Xdiv905 option is applied When the Xdiv905 option is specified not the signed division instruction DIV and DIVW but Library Callis generated Therefore the amount of the stack use increases occasionally Moreover 0 div and mod which is a built in function are generated as not machine instructions but Library Callis model SMALL MEDIUM COMPACT LARGE This option specifies memory model For the details of memory models see 4 4 Memory Models The option can be specified for the fcc907s command only O ramconst Xramconst Specify this option ramconst when the mirror function is not to be used When specified the option will position const qualified static variables in the RAM 3 5 DETAILS OF OPTIONS When this option is specified the compiler generates the CINIT section corresponding to the CONST section so that ROM data can be accessed with 16 bit symbols The startup routine must copy the CONST internal data to the CINIT This option does not work on CONST module name sections that are generated relative to large models compact models or far qualified variables The Xramconst option cancels the ramconst option These options can be specified for the cc907s command only Output Example Input const int 0 10 O
137. is conducted by the preprocessor cpp which is a subcomponent of the compiler Preprocessing instructions if define include etc in a C source are interpreted and converted to a preprocessed C source Compilation Compilation is conducted by the compiler ccom The preprocessed C source is converted to an assembler source For the use of the C compiler the cc907s cc911s or cc896s command is to be used These commands automatically call up the tools composing the C compiler preprocessor and compiler and provides control over C source file compiling The C compiler structure is shown in Figure 1 1 1 Standard header file Message file Preprocessed C source file Message file Compiler ccom Stack use information file Assembler source file Figure 1 1 1 C Compiler Structure In the subsequent sections the C compiler translation process is explained using commands For the details of the command function specifications see Chapter 3 Operation 1 2 BASIC PROCESS OF COMMANDS 1 2 BASIC PROCESS OF COMMANDS The basic process of commands is described below Each MCU has the following commands fcc911s For FR family fcc907s For F MC 16L 16LX 16 16H 16F family fcc896s For F MC 8L family B cc907s Command Basic Process The cc907s command basically generates an object file from an described C source file The command regards any file with a c extension
138. is generated Warning of the variable used before being initialized in the function is generated Warning of the presence of the use of the Static function is generated Level 3 The following warning type diagnostic messages in addition to level 2 is generated When there is no return in the function which should return the value warning is generated When the value is not specified for return by the function which should return the 41 CHAPTER 3 OPERATION 42 value warning is generated Warning of pragma which cannot be recognized is generated When the variable and the constant are compared in the comparison operation warning of the range of the value of the constant is generated Level 4 The following warning type diagnostic messages in addition to level 3 is generated When the extern function is declared in the block warning is generated When the struct union is not defined in the external declaration of the struct union array warning is generated When not the relational expression but the assignment expression etc are described in the place where the conditional expression is expected warning is generated When the address of the auto variable is used as a return value of the function warning is generated Level 5 The following warning type diagnostic messages in addition to level 4 is generated When there is a implicit int type declaration warning is generated When there is no prototype declar
139. iven as the tokens value If the tokens entry is omitted the specified lexeme is deleted from the source file The error related to the option is the same as the error related to the define instruction This option can be specified more than one time 3 5 DETAILS OF OPTIONS Example fcc907s D os m D sys file c cpu MB90F553A 9115 D os m D sys file c cpu MB91F154 fcc896s D os m D sys file c cpu MB89P935B In a file named ile c processing is conducted on the assumption that the macro definitions for os and sys are m and 1 respectively O H O XH The option outputs to the standard output the header file pathnames acquired during preprocessing The pathnames are sequentially output one for each line in the order of acquisition If there are any two exactly the same pathnames only the first one will be output When this option is specified the command internally sets up the option to subjects all files to preprocessing only However the preprocessing result will not be output The option cancels the option Output Example Input include lt stdio h gt include head h Operation fcc907s H cpu MB90F553A sample c Output usr softune 1lib 907 include stdio h head h Operation 9115 H cpu 91 154 sample c Output usr softune lib 911 include stdio h head h Operation fcc896s H cpu MB89P935B sample c Output usr softune lib 896 include stdio
140. l be treated as a sign bit If neither of the above two suboptions is specified K UBIT applies Output Example Input extern int data struct tag int bf 1 st 1 void func void data st bf 48 Operation fcc907s K sbit cpu MB90F553A S sample c Output Operation MOVB EXT MOVW A _st 0 Code extended _data A 9115 K sbit cpu 91 154 S sample c Output Operation fcc896s Output LDI 32 LDUB EXTSB ASR LDI 32 ST K sbit MOV MOVW CALL MOVW CALL MOVW st R12 QR12 RO RO Code extended 7 RO data R12 RO QR12 cpu MB89P935B S sample c A _st 1 A 15 LSHLW A 15 LSHLW Code extended data 3 5 DETAILS OF OPTIONS 49 CHAPTER 3 OPERATION 3 5 5 Optimization Related Options This section describes the options related to optimization by the compiler Optimization Related Options 50 O K SIZE This option selects an appropriate optimization combination with emphasis placed upon the object size The available options are shown below 0 3 K EOPT K NOUNROLL SHORTADDRESS If any option e g 00 contradictory to the SIZE suboption is specified after the SIZE suboption such a contradictory option takes effect The K SHORTADDRESS option can be specified for the cc911s command only The K SIZE option not only offers the optimization combination selection function but als
141. les 68 3 6 OPTION FILES 3 6 OPTION FILES This section describes fcc907s command option files With the option file feature it is possible to specify a bunch of options written in a file This feature also permits you to put startup options to be specified in a file Option File Option file reading takes place when an associated option is specified This assures that the same result is obtained as when an option is specified at the specifying position in the command line If the option file name is without an extension an opt extension will be added Option File General Format All entries that can be made in a command line can be written in an option file A line feed in an option file is replaced by a blank A comment in an option file is replaced by a blank Example I usr include D F2MC16 g S Option File Limitations Include specifying Macro specifying Debug data generation specifying Execution of processes up to compiling The length of a line that can be written in an option file is limited to 4095 characters The option can be written in an option file However nesting is limited to 8 levels The Kanji character code in the option file should be the same as using the host s Kanji character code The operation is not guaranteed when the Kanji character code on the command line and the Kanji character code in the option file are different Kanji character c
142. les For the C language this section is generated only when generation of a vector table is specified by pragma intvect The default section name is INTVECT 4 4 MEMORY MODELS 4 4 MEMORY MODELS This section describes the memory models The memory models exist in the 2 161 161 16 169 16 family architecture only B Memory Models Table 4 4 1 shows the memory models selectable for compilation and their meanings The compiler treats the code address and data address default set as a preselected memory model In cases wherea__far near type qualifier is attached to a variable or function the type qualifier specifying is complied with Table 4 4 1 List of Memory Models Memory Model Code Address Space Data Address Space Compile Option Small model 16 bit 16 bit model small Medium model 24 bit 16 bit model medium Compact model 16 bit 24 bit model compact Large model 24 bit 24 bit model large O Small Model The small model is to be specified in situations where all codes and data can be positioned within a 16 bit address space Since all addresses are expressed using 16 bits a compact high speed program can be realized When using a product without the mirror function it is necessary to specify the ramconst option for the purpose of securing a ROM data accessing area in RAM If the address size is specified by a type qualifier such a specified address size is complied wit
143. lib Small model lib907sr lib lib907srif lib Not specified lib905sr lib lib905srif lib lib902sr lib lib902srif lib lib907m lib lib907mif lib Specified lib905m lib lib905mif lib lib902m lib lib902mif lib Medium model lib907mr lib lib907mrif lib Not specified lib905mr lib lib905mrif lib lib902mr lib lib902mrif lib lib907c lib lib907cif lib Compact model Specified lib905c lib lib905cif lib lib902c lib lib902cif lib lib9071 1ib lib9071if lib Large model Specified lib9051 1ib lib9051if lib 1ib9021 1ib lib9021if lib Simulator Debugger Setup Setup for standard input output use is as follows Example of Debugger Setup set inport ascii 0 Oxff TERMINAL set outport ascii 1 Oxff TERMINAL 207 CHAPTER 10 SIMULATOR DEBUGGER LOW LEVEL FUNCTION LIBRARY B Example 208 Since the first three areas of the I O section are used for standard input standard output and standard error output the other files are allocated to the fourth and subsequent areas the offset from the beginning of the I O section is 3 In other words allocation is performed sequentially in the order of file opening offset 3 offset 4 etc Therefore perform setup accordingly using the set inport and set outport commands To open a doc as the input file and then open b doc as the output file setup as shown below set inport ascii 3 h ff a doc set outport ascii 4 h ff b doc Create a program that displays the chara
144. linkage regulations B cc896s Command Interrupt Function Call Interface Argument No argument can be specified for the interrupt function If any argument is specified for the interrupt function no subsequent operations will be guaranteed Interrupt Function Calling Procedure The interrupt function is called by an interrupt via the interrupt vector table If the interrupt function is called by any other method no subsequent operations will be guaranteed Register As regards the interrupt function all registers are guaranteed Return Value The interrupt function does not usually have a return value 129 CHAPTER 4 OBJECT PROGRAM STRUCTURE 4 20 1 fcc896s Command Interrupt Stack Frame When an interrupt occurs the stack is changed to the interrupt stack B cc896s Command Interrupt Stack Frame Figure 4 20 1 shows the interrupt stack frame status prevailing immediately after interrupt generation High Figure 4 20 1 cc896s Command Interrupt Stack Frame 130 4 20 fcc896s COMMAND INTERRUPT FUNCITON CALL INTERFACE 4 20 2 fcc896s Command Interrupt Function Calling Procedure The interrupt function is called by an interrupt via the interrupt vector table If the interrupt function is called by any other method no subsequent operations will be guaranteed fcc896s Command Interrupt Function Calling Procedure Figure 4 20 2 shows an example interrupt vector table OxFFFF gt Vector 2
145. made the shutdown process necessary for the system is to be performed to accomplish program termination Figure 6 1 1 shows the relationship between the startup routine and user function calling Startup routine Main void Environment initial setup User program User program calling Shutdown process Library Figure 6 1 1 Relationship between Startup Routine and User Function Calling The precautions to be observed in startup routine preparation are described below Stack When the user program is executed the stack is used for return address argument storage area automatic variable area and register saving etc The stack must therefore be provided with an adequate space Register When the startup routine calls the user program it is essential that stack pointer setup be completed The user program operates on the presumption that the stack top is set as the stack pointer Further when the startup routine returns from the user program the register status is as shown in Tables 6 1 1 to 6 1 3 This is because the employed interface is the same as for register guarantee at the time of function calling 6 1 EXECUTION PROCESS OVERVIEW For register guarantee see 4 15 5 907 Command Register 4 16 5 cc911s Command Register and 4 17 5 cc896s Command Register f the guarantee of a register is called for by the system while the value of that register is not guaranteed by the user program it is neces sar
146. mmand only It expands only when the FFMC 16LX 16F family MB number is specified as the cpu option However this function is not expanded in the MB90500 series when div905 option is not specified Output Example Input extern signed int arg2 ans extern signed long argl void sample ans div argl arg2 fcc907s Command Output MOVL A argl MOLW RWO arg2 DIVW A RWO MOVW ans A B _ Built in Function General Format signed int __mod signed long signed int Explanation This function performs a modulo operation between signed 32 bit data and signed 16 bit data to return a signed 16 bit result It is possible to achieve increased computation efficiency by using this built in function It can be used with the cc907s command only It expands only when the F2MC 16LX 16F family MB number is specified as the cpu option However this function is not expanded in the MB90500 series when div905 option is not specified Output Example Input extern signed int arg2 ans extern signed long argl void sample ans _ mod argl arg2 164 5 13 BUILT IN FUNCTION fcc907s Command Output MOVL A 1 MOLW arg2 MODW RWO MOVW A RWO MOVW ans A B _ mulu Built in Function General Format unsigned long _ mulu unsigned int unsigned int Explanation This function multiplies unsigned 16 bit data by unsigned 16 bit data to return an unsigned 32
147. mpiler operating environment variables Chapter 3 OPERATION This chapter describes the command function specifications Chapter 4 OBJECT PROGRAM STRUCTURE This chapter describes the information necessary for program execution Chapter 5 EXTENDED LANGUAGE SPECIFICATIONS This chapter describes the extended language specifications supported by the compiler and the limitations on compiler translation Chapter6 EXECUTION ENVIRONMENT This chapter describes the user program execution procedure to be performed in an environment where no operating system exists Chapter 7 LIBRARY OVERVIEW This chapter outlines the C libraries by describing the organization of files provided by the libraries and the relationship to the system into which the libraries are incorporated Chapter 8 LIBRARY INCORPORATION This chapter describes the processes and functions to be prepared for library use Chapter 9 COMPILER DEPENDENT SPECIFICATIONS This chapter describes the specifications that vary with the compiler Chapter 10 SIMULATOR DEBUGGER LOW LEVEL FUNCTION LIBRARY This chapter describes how to use the simulator debugger low level function library APPENDIX Syntax Books The Appendix gives a list of types macros and functions provided by the library and the operations specific to the libraries A B Notes when FFMC 16LX CPU is used are described C For C language syntax and standard library functions refer to commercially available ANSI sta
148. n the system s standard input standard output and standard error output are opened as the file numbers 0 1 and 2 If the system s standard input output and standard error output are not opened or the file numbers do not match perform the following process to open the system s files freopen Standard input name r stdin freopen Standard output name w stdout freopen Standard error output name w stderr Error detection concerning the above process should be conducted as needed Further the file names specified by the open function must be written as the standard input output and standard error output names For the closing process use the close function 185 CHAPTER 8 LIBRARY INCORPORATION 8 3 LOW LEVEL FUNCTION TYPES This section outlines the standard library functions and required low level functions The following types of low level functions are required for the standard library functions e File opening and closing open and close Input and output relative to file read and write File position change 1seek File inspection isatty Memory area dynamic acquisition sbrk Program abnormal end and normal end _abort and _exit The above processes are called from the associated standard libraries to manipulate the system s actual files or exercise program execution control B Low level Function Types 186 File Opening and Closing When the open function is called the
149. n feature is exercised in addition to the feature provided by optimization level 1 Loop Unrolling Loop unrolling is performed to increase the execution speed by decreasing the loop count when loop count detection is possible However it tends to increase object size Therefore this optimization should not be used in situations where object size is important Before Unrolling for 1 0 1 lt 3 1 a i 20 After Unrolling a 0 0 a 1 0 a 2 0 3 Optimization Level 3 The following optimization features are exercised in addition to the features provided by optimization level 2 Loop Unrolling Extended Loops including branch instructions that have not been the target of optimization level 2 loop unrolling are the target of this extended loop unrolling Optimization Function Repeated Execution In optimization function repeated execution the optimization features except the loop unrolling feature will be repeatedly executed until no more optimization is needed However the translation time will increase 4 Optimization Level 4 The following optimization features are exercised in addition to the features provided by optimization level 3 Arithmetic Operation Evaluation Type Change same as effected by K EOPT specifying Performs optimization to change arithmetic operation evaluation type at compilation stage When this option is specified there may be side effects on the execution results Standar
150. n on the presumption that differing pointers do not indicate the same area NOINTLIB Effects no in line expansion for interrupt related functions NOUNROLL Inhibits loop unrolling NOVOLATILE Does not consider io qualifier variables to be volatile REALOS Effects in line expansion for the ITRON system call function SIZE SPEED Selects optimization with emphasis placed on the size and execution speed UCHAR SCHAR Specifies the mere char sign handling UBIT SBIT Specifies the mere int bit field sign handling kanji SJIS EUC Specifies kanji code used in program O level Gives instructions for general purpose optimization 23 CHAPTER 3 OPERATION Table 3 4 1 List of Command Options Continued Specifying Format Function pathname Outputs the result to the pathname Performs preprocessing only and outputs the result to i Performs processes up to compiling and outputs the result to asm defname newname attr address Changes the section name item argl arg2 Passes arguments to the tool name Cancels the macro name definition Outputs the executed compiler tool version information to the standard output level Specifies the warning message output level Xdof Inhibits the default option file read operation x func func2 Specifies the in line expansion of functions Specifies the in line expansion of th
151. nction GLOBAL _sample LINK 0 MOVN A 1 MOVW _temp A UNLINK RET SECTION DATA DATA ALIGN 2 ALIGN 2 GLOBAL a a RES B 2 Output Example for cc911s Command Input When written inside the function extern int temp sample asm LDI 1 RO asm LDI 32 temp R12 asm ST RO QR12 When written outside the function asm SECTION DATA DATA ALIGN 4 asm GLOBAL asm a asm RES B 4 135 CHAPTER 5 EXTENDED LANGUAGE SPECIFICATIONS Output SECTION CODE CODE ALIGN 2 Price ir ram begin of function GLOBAL sample sample ST RP SP ENTER 4 LDI 1 RO LDI 32 temp R12 ST RO R12 L sample LEAVE LD SP RP RET SECTION DATA DATA ALIGN 4 GLOBAL a RES B 4 Output Example for cc896s Command Input When written inside the function extern int temp sample asm MOVW A 1 asm MOVW temp A When written outside the function asm SECTION DATA DATA ALIGN 1 asm GLOBAL a asm RES H 1 136 5 1 ASSEMBLER DESCRIPITON FUNCTIONS Output SECTION CODE CODE ALIGN 1 GLOBAL sample sample MOVW A 1 MOVW temp A L sample RET SECTION DATA DATA ALIGN 1 GLOBAL a a RES H 1 B Description by Pragma Instruction The description between pragma asm pragma endasm directly is expanded as the assembler instruct
152. nd Section Structure and 4 3 cc896s Command Section Structure For the section type refer to the Assembler Manual When an arrangement address is given it cannot be specified for the section at linking This feature can be specified only once for the same section When specifying it two or more times only the last specification is effective When the same section name is changed by s option only specification by the option is effective Output Example for cc907s Command Input pragma section CODE program attr CODE locate 0xff void main void Output SECTION program CODE LOCATE H 0 H FF pce begin of function GLOBAL main main LINK 0 UNLINK RET 5 7 SECTION NAME CHANGE FUNCTION Output Example for cc911s Command Output SECTION program CODE 000000 a RE begin of function GLOBAL main main ST RP SP ENTER 4 L_main LEAVE LD SP RP RET Output Example for 8965 Command Output SECTION program CODE LOCATE H FF GLOBAL main main L main 155 CHAPTER 5 EXTENDED LANGUAGE SPECIFICATIONS 5 8 REGISTER BANK NUMBER SETUP FUNCTION This function is used to specify the register bank that the function uses It is available for the cc907s or cc896s command only B Register Bank Number Setup Function General Format pragma register NUM pragma noregister Explanation pragma register specifies the registe
153. ndard linkage regulations Low Caller function SP gt Actual argument area Local variable save area Caller function FP gt High Figure 4 16 4 Stack Frame Prevailing at Calling in Compliance with cc911s Command Standard Linkage Regulations The callee function saves the caller function frame pointer FP in the stack and then stores the prevailing stack pointer value in the stack as the new frame pointer value Subsequently the local variable area and caller function register save area are acquired from the stack to save the caller register Figure 4 16 5 shows the stack frame that is created by the callee function in compliance with the standard linkage regulations Low Callee function SP gt Actual argument area Local variable save area Callee function FP gt Old FP Return address storage area Register save area Hidden parameter save area Argument register save area Caller function Old SP gt Virtual argument area Local variable save area Caller function Old FP gt High Figure 4 16 5 Stack Frame Created by Callee Function in Compliance with cc911s Command Standard Linkage Regulations 112 4 16 fcc911s COMMAND FUNCTION CALL INTERFACE 4 16 5 fcc911s Command Register This section describes the register guarantee and register setup regulations in the standard linkage regulations B cc911s Command Register Guarantee The callee function guarantees the
154. ndard compliant reference books Reference Books e The C Programming Language Brian W Kernighan amp Dennis M Ritchie Japanese edition entitled Programming Language C UNIX Type Programming Method and Procedure Translated by Haruhisa Ishida Kyoritsu Shuppan American National Standard for Information Systems a Programming Language C X3 159 1989 Western Electric Company Incorporated UNIX System User s Manual System V Western Electric Company Incorporated UNIX System V Programmer Reference Manual AT amp T Bell Laboratories User Heference Manual UTS 5 Release 0 1 Western Electric Company Incorporated and Amdahl Corporation UTS Command Reference Manual UTS 5 Release 0 1 Western Electric Company Incorporated and Amdahl Corporation Japanese Industrial Standards Programming Language C Japan Standards Association 1 The contents of this document are subject to change without notice Customers are advised to consult with FUJITSU sales representatives beforeordering 2 The information and circuit diagrems in this document presented as examples of semiconductor device applications and are not intended to be incorporated in devices for actual use Also FUJITSU is unable to assume responsibility for infringement of any patent rights or other rights of third parties arising from the use of this information or circuit diagrams 3 The contents of this document may not be reproduced or copied without the permi
155. nion size is less than 4 bytes or is not divisible by 4 the less than 4 byte fraction is handled as one 4 byte unit Example 3 struct A st sub st Low R4 gt FP gt High 109 CHAPTER 4 OBJECT PROGRAM STRUCTURE Example 4 struct A char a st Unoccupied When a function receiving a variable count of arguments is to be called the arguments are placed in registers in the same manner as for transfer The called function stores all the register delivered arguments in the argument register save area in the stack The actual argument area is allocated deallocated by the caller function whereas the argument register save area is allocated deallocated by the callee function Figures 4 16 2 and 4 16 3 show the argument formats prescribed in the standard linkage regulations First argument R4 Low Second argument R5 Thid argument R6 SP gt Fourth argument R7 Note Two argument registers are required High for 8 byte type arguments Figure 4 16 2 cc911s Command Argument Format Stated in Standard Linkage Regulations Return value area address R4 First argument R5 Second argument R6 Thid argument R7 Note Two argument registers are required for 8 byte type arguments Figure 4 16 3 Argument Format for cc911s Command Structure Union Return Function Calling 110 4 16 fcc911s COMMAND FUNCTION CALL INTERFACE 4 16 3 fcc911s Command Argument Extension Format
156. nt B gt sizeof 5 4 4 BYTES struct tag3 char A short B 15 MSB 8 0 LSB A Unoccupied B Figure 4 12 1 Example 1 of Structure Union Data Size and Boundary Alignment for cc907s Command struct tag4 char A int B 15 MSB 8 0 LSB A Unoccupied Figure 4 12 2 Example 2 of Structure Union Data Size and Boundary Alignment for cc907s Command 93 CHAPTER 4 OBJECT PROGRAM STRUCTURE struct tag5 char A struct tag6 short A char B S6 sizeof tag5 6 BYTES sizeof tag6 4 BYTES 15 MSB 8 0 LSB A Unoccupied S6 A S6 B Unoccupied Figure 4 12 3 Example 3 of Structure Union Data Size and Boundary Alignment for cc907s Command 94 4 13 fcc911s COMMAND STRUCTURE UNION 4 13 fcc911s COMMAND STRUCTURE UNION This section describes the structure union data size and boundary alignment for the fcc911s command The structure union data size is a multiple of the maximum boundary alignment size of the members Boundary alignment for the area itself is accomplished by means of member maximum boundary alignment The individual members are subjected to boundary alignment in accordance with the member type B 9115 Command Structure Union Figures 4 13 1 to 4 13 3 show examples concerning structure union data size and boundary alignment struct stl char A gt Sizeof stl 1 BYTE struct st2 short A gt sizeof st2 2 BYTES s
157. o makes it possible to issue a generation instruction for object size minimization and effect object pattern switching K SPEED This option selects an appropriate optimization combination with emphasis placed upon the generated object execution speed The available options are shown below 0 4 K SHORTADDRESS If any option e g 00 contradictory to the SPEED suboption is specified after the SPEED suboption such a contradictory option takes effect The K SHORTADDRESS option can be specified for the cc911s command only The K SPEED option not only offers the optimization combination selection function but also makes it possible to issue a generation instruction for execution speed maximization and effect object pattern switching O level This option specifies the optimization level Levels 0 1 2 3 and 4 can be specified The higher the optimization level the shorter the generated object execution time but the longer the compilation time Note that each optimization level contains lower optimization level functions One of the following levels is to be specified When no level is specified 02 applies 0 Optimization Level 0 No optimization will be effected This level is equivalent to cases where the 0 is not specified 1 Optimization Level 1 Optimization will be effected in accordance with detailed analyses of a program flow 3 5 DETAILS OF OPTIONS 2 Optimization Level 2 The following optimizatio
158. o option When the option is specified the command generates the file specified in the command line as a result of processing Output files generated according to the above options specifying can be used as the input files for the cc907s command The input files and output files generated by options are shown in Figures 1 2 1 and 1 2 2 cc907s command 1 2 BASIC PROCESS OF COMMANDS P T file i file c Preprocessor P o m E Specified file S Hie A i file asm L file i Compiler S n E 9 Specified file file c file asm Assembler Specified file Figure 1 2 1 Relationship between Input Files and Output Files Generated by Options fcc911s command fcc896s command cc907s Command P gi file i file c Preprocessor P 9 Specified file S diis i file asm file i Compiler S o E A Specified file 3 file obj file asm Assembler s Specified file file abs file obj Linker n Specified file Figure 1 2 2 Relationship between Input Files and Output Files Generated by Options 9115 and cc896s Commands CHAPTER 1 GENERAL 1 3 C COMPILER BASIC FUNCTIONS The C compiler functions are described below Header file search Coordination with symbolic debugger Optimization The symbolic debugger is a support tool for analyzing a program created in C language Header File Search
159. o suboptions is specified K LONGADDRESS applies Output Example Input extern int i extern void sub void void func void i 10 sub Operation fcc911s K shortaddress O S cpu MB91F154 sample c Output LDI 20 i R12 20 bit symbol used LDI 10 RO ST RO R12 CALL20 sub R12 20 bit symbol used O K NOALIAS O K ALIAS 3 5 DETAILS OF OPTIONS The NOALIAS suboption optimizes the data specified by the pointer on the assumption that the pointer does not specify the same area as the other variables or pointers This option takes effect only when it is specified simultaneously with the O option The language specification permits the pointer to point to the same area as any other variable or pointer Therefore when using this option check the program carefully The ALIAS suboption cancels the NOALIAS suboption Output Example Input extern int i extern int j void func9 int p 1 1 Operation fcc907s K noalias O cpu MB90F553A S sample c Output MOVW MOVN ADDW MOVW MOVW MOVW MOVW MOVW Operation A i A 1 A RW4 A A RW3 4 AL AH A RW4 _j A Value of 1 1 reused 9115 K noalias O cpu MB91F154 S sample c Output LDI 32 LD LDI 32 ST ST Operation 4 i R12 QR12 RO 4 3 R12 1 RO RO R4 RO QR12 Value of 1 1 reused fcc896s K noalias O cpu MB89P935B S sample c 55 CHAPT
160. o the Linkage Kit Manual O sc param The sc option specifies the section arrangement at linking This option can be specified only for the cc911s 8965 commands If the option is not specified sc IOPORT 0 0x1000 is selected automatically The Xsc option cancels the sc option For details of the option refer to the Linkage Kit Manual startup filename O Xstartup The startup option selects filename as the object file name of the startup routine to be linked at linking This option can be specified only for the cc911s and cc896s commands If the option is not specified FETOOL 1lib 911 startup obj or FETOOL lib 896 startup obj is selected automatically The Xstartup option cancels the startup option For details of the startup routine see Chapter 6 Execution Environment 67 CHAPTER 3 OPERATION 3 5 10 Option File Related Options This section describes the option file related options Option File Related Options O f filename O Xf The f option is used to read the specified option file filename If the option file name does not have an extension an opt extension will be added The command options can be written in an option file For the details of an option file see 3 6 Option Files The Xf option cancels the option O Xdof This option specifies that the default option file will not be read For the default option file see 3 6 Option Fi
161. oat near pointer address far pointer address double long double Structure union Note The caller function stores the start address of the return value storage area into AL and then passes it to the callee function The callee function interprets AL as the start address of the return value storage area When this address needs to be saved in memory the callee function secures the return value address save area and saves the address in that area 105 CHAPTER 4 OBJECT PROGRAM STRUCTURE 4 16 fcc911s COMMAND FUNCTION CALL INTERFACE The general rules for control transfer between functions are established as standard regulations for individual architectures and are called standard linkage regulations A module written in C language can be combined with a module written using a different method e g assembler language when the standard linkage regulations are complied with B 9115 Command Function Call Interface 106 Stack Frame The stack frame construction is stipulated by the standard linkage regulations Argument Argument transfer relative to the callee function is effected via a stack or register Argument Extension Format When an argument is to be stored in a stack the argument type is converted to an extended format in accordance with the argument type Calling Procedure The caller function initiates branching to the callee function after argument storage Register The regist
162. ode which can be used Windows ShiftJIS Solaris2 x EUC HP UX10 x ShiftJIS 69 CHAPTER 3 OPERATION Acceptable Comment Entry in Option File A comment can be started from any column A comment is to begin with a sharp The entire remaining portion of the line serves as the comment In addition the following comments can also be used Comment Comment Comment Example I usr include Include specifying D F2MC16 Macro specifying g Debug data generation specifying S Execution of processes up to compiling Default Option File A preselected option file can be read to initiate command execution The obtained result will be the same as when an option is specified prior to another option specified in the command line The default option file name is predetermined as follows For UNIX OS OPT907 cc907 opt OPT911 cc911 opt OPT896 cc896 0opt For Windows 0PT9075N cc907 opt 50 911 911 OPT896 fcc896 opt The default option file name of the cc907s command is cc907 opt The default option file name of the cc911s command is fcc911 opt The default option file name of the fcc896s command is cc896 opt If the default option file does not exist in the specified directory such a specifying is ignored To inhibit the default option file feature specify the Xdo option in the command line 70 3 7 MESSAGES GENERATED IN TRA
163. of FFMC 16LX CPU 215 APPENDIX Appendix A LIST OF TYPE MACRO VARIABLE AND FUNCITON This section lists the types macros variables and functions provided by the libraries B assert h Function assert ctype h Macros isalnum isalpha iscntrl isdigit isgraph islower isprint ispunct isspace isupper isxdigit tolower toupper B errno h Macros EDOM ERANGE Variable errno B float h FLT RADIX FLT ROUNDS FLT MANT DIGT DBL MANT DIG LDBL MANT DIG FLT DIG DBL DIG LDBL DIG FLT MIN EXP DBL MIN EXP LDBL MIN EXP FLT MIN 10 EXP DBL MIN 10 EXP MIN 10 EXP FLT MAX EXP DBL MAX EXP LDBL MAX EXP FLT MAX 10 EXP DBL MAX 10 EXP LDBL MAX 10 EXP FLT MAX DBL MAX LDBL MAX FLT EPSILON DBL EPSILON LDBL EPSILON FLT MIN DBL MIN LDBL MIN B limits h MB LEN MAX CHAR BIT SCHAR MIN SCHAR MAX UCHAR MAX CHAR MIN CHAR MAX INT MIN INT MAX UINT MAX SHRT MIN SHRT MAX USHRT MAX LOGN MIN LONG MAX ULONG MAX 216 B math h B stdarg h B stddef h B stdio h for Macros HUGE VAL Function acos sin exp modf floor Type va list Macros va start Type ptrdiff t Macros NULL Appendix A LIST OF TYPE MACRO VARIABLE AND FUNCITON EDOM ERANGE asin atan atan2 cos tan cosh sinh tanh frexp ldexp log 10410 sqrt ceil fabs fmod va arg va end size t offsetof the fcc911s command and the fcc907s command Type ptrdiff t Macros NULL IONBF stdoout getc Function putchar fflus
164. of the section name The section name specified by s option becomes FAR SectionName The source file name is used as the module name If the section name is changed by the s option the changed section name is used B fcc907s Command Section Structure Table 4 1 1 cc907s Command Section List Section Type Code section Section Name CODE CODE Boundary Alignment Byte Disabled Initial Value Provided Initialized section INIT DATA Enabled Not provided Initial value of INIT DCONST CONST Enabled Not provided Constant section CONST CONST Disabled Provided RAM area of CONST CINIT DATA Disabled Not provided Data section DATA DATA Enabled Not provided Initialized direct section DIRINIT DIR Enabled Not provided Initial value of DIRINIT DIRCONST DIRCONST Enabled Provided Direct section DIRDATA DIR Enabled Not provided I O section IO IO Enabled Not provided Vector section The purpose of each section use and the relationship to the C language are explained below 1 Code section INTVECT Enabled Provided Stores machine codes This section corresponds to the procedure section for the C language The default section name is CODE 2 Initialized section Stores the initial value attached variable area For the C language this secti
165. ommand Options obe vidus e insu rede edu 25 List of Command Cancel Options 02420 nennen enne neni nnne 26 List of 16C9075s Command Cancel Options s once 27 List of fcc911S Command Cancel Options 27 List of fcc896S Command Cancel Options ic e RR e bU c Eee 27 Translation Control Related Option 5 29 Relationship Among File Types Translation Control Related Options and Processes30 Relationship between Error Levels and Return 72 fcc907s Command Section List sssssssssssssssesse eene ener 74 fcc911s Command Section 5 77 fcc896S Command Secuon DIst toccato at Ru ct dot ebd aude aeo 79 List of Memory Models 5 0 ee ar 81 Label Generation nnns snnt eins 83 fcc907s Command Variable Assignment 84 fcc911s Command Variable Assignment 85 fcc896s Command Variable Assignment 86 fcc907s Command Argument Extension Format sese 102 Register Regulations for
166. on Stores the initial value attached variable area For the C language this section corresponds to the area for external variables without the const qualifier static external variables and static internal variables 3 Constant section Stores the write protected initial value attached variable area For the C language this section corresponds to the area for const qualifier attached external variables static external variables and static internal variables 4 Data section Stores the area for variables without the initial value For the C language this section corresponds to the area for external variables including those which are with the const qualifier static external variables and static internal variables 77 CHAPTER 4 OBJECT PROGRAM STRUCTURE 5b I O section Stores the area for the io qualified variables For the C language this section corresponds to the area for io qualified external variables including those which are provided with the const qualifier static external variables and static internal variables The default section name is IO 6 Vector section Stores interrupt vector tables For the C language this section is generated only when generation of a vector table is specified by 4pragma intvect The default section name is INTVECT 78 4 3 fcc896s COMMAND SECTION STRUCTURE 4 3 fcc896s COMMAND SECTION STRUCTURE The cc896s command has the following eight sections Cod
167. on cancels the LINENO suboption 36 3 5 DETAILS OF OPTIONS Output Example Input void func Operation fcc907s Output func FEIF e Operation fcc911s Output func EEEF L_func e Operation fcc896s Output func L func O INF LIST INF NOLIST INF lineno S cpu MB90F553A sample c LINK 0 a c line 1 UNLINK RET INF lineno 5 cpu MB91F154 sample c ST RP SP ENTER 4 a c line 1 LEAVE LD SP RP INF lineno S cpu MB89P935B sample c e c line 1 The INF LIST option generates a file in the current directory and outputs the assemble list The name of the generated file is determined by changing the source file name extension to lst Since the assemble list is generated at assembling it is not generated when assembling is not conducted For the details of the assemble list refer to the Assembler Manual The NOLIST suboption cancels the LIST suboption 37 CHAPTER 3 OPERATION Example fcc907s INF list c cpu MB90F553A sample c fcc911s INF list c cpu MB91F154 sample c fcc896s INF list c cpu MB89P935B sample c The sample c preprocessing compiling and assembling process result are output to the sample obj and the resulting assemble list is output to the sample 1st O INF SRCIN O INF NOSRCIN The INF SRCIN option inserts a C source file into the assembler source file as a comment The SRCIN subopti
168. on cannot be specified simultaneously with the LINENO suboption The NOSRCIN suboption cancels the SRCIN suboption Output Example Input void func void Operation fcc907s INF srcin S cpu MB90F553A sample c Output func LINK 0 sup void func void UNLINK RET Operation 9115 INF srcin 5 cpu 91 154 sample c Output func ST RP SP ENTER 4 PEE void L func LEAVE LD SP RP RET Operation fcc896s INF srcin S cpu MB89P935B sample c 38 3 5 DETAILS OF OPTIONS Output func IM S void func void L func RET O INF STACK file O INF NOSTACK The INF STACK file option generates the specified file in the current directory and outputs the stack use amount data If no file is specified the information in all the simultaneously compiled files is output into files whose names are determined by changing the source file extensions to stk If the CK ADDSP option is simultaneously specified stacks will not successively be freed so that the generated stack use amount data is inaccurate In such an instance therefore it is well to remember that the maximum stack use amount data calculated by the MUSC may be smaller than the actual maximum use amount For stack use amount data utilization procedures and data file specifications refer to the MUSC Operation Manual The NOSTACK suboption cancels the STACK suboption Output Example Inp
169. on corresponds to the area for external variables without the const qualifier static external variables and static internal variables The default section name is INIT 74 4 1 fcc907s COMMAND SECTION STRUCTURE 3 Initial value of DINIT Stores the initial values for initial value attached variables This section is located in the ROM It is necessary to copy the DCONST data to the INIT using the startup routine If the order of section output by the compiler is changed to the detriment of DCONST to INIT correspondence no subsequent operations will be guaranteed The default section name is DCONST 4 Constant section Stores the write protected initial value attached variable area For the C language this section corresponds to the area for const qualifier attached external variables static external variables and static internal variables The default section name is CONST 5 RAM area of CCONST When the employed CPU type does not permit the use of the mirror function this section can be generated by specifying the ramconst option It is necessary to copy the CONST data to the CINIT using the startup routine If the order of section output by the compiler is changed to the detriment of CONST to CINIT correspondence no subsequent operations will be guaranteed The default section name is CINIT 6 Data section Stores the area for variables without the initial value For the C language this section corresponds to the ar
170. on is not specified LIB911 or LIB896 is selected automatically The XL option cancels the L option For details of the option refer to the Linkage Kit Manual O 1 lib1 lib2 O X1 The 1 option specifies the name lib of the library to be linked at linking This option can be specified only for the cc911s and cc896s commands If the extension entry is omitted the lib extension is added automatically The X1 option cancels the 1 option For the objects output by the compiler by default 11b911 1ib or 1ib896 1ib are setas the names of the libraries to be linked For the details of the option refer to the Linkage Kit Manual O m O Xm 66 The m option generates a map file at linking This option can be specified only for the fcc911s 8965 commands A map file output with a file name with the map extension is generated in the current directory The Xm option cancels the m option 3 5 DETAILS OF OPTIONS O ra name start end Xra The ra option specifies the RAM area at linking This option can be specified only for the fcc911s and cc896s commands The Xra option cancels the option For details of the option refer to the Linkage Kit Manual ro name start end Xro The ro option specifies the ROM area at linking This option can be specified only for the fcc911s and fcc896s commands The Xro option cancels the ro option For details of the option refer t
171. ond argument char type or unsigned char type however the pointer type for these types can be used Type having the register storage area class Function type 224 Appendix B OPERATIONS SPECIFIC TO LIBRARIES Array type Structure type Union type Type different from the type derived from existing actual argument extension Do not use the following variable definitions for the fcc911s command va start macro second argument char type unsigned char type short type or unsigned short type however the pointer type for these types can be used Type having the register storage area class Function type Array type Type different from the type derived from existing actual argument extension 18 File types Files that can be handled by the libraries are divided into two types text files and binary files The libraries treat the text files and binary files in the same manner except for the difference in the second argument of the open function called upon file opening When a binary file is specified O BINARY is added to the second argument of the open function For the open function argument see 8 5 1 open Function 19 aiv t type and 1div t type div t struct int quot int ldiv_t struct long int quot long int rem 20 abort function operations When the abort function is called all the open output streams are flushed and then all the open stream
172. onds to the area for const qualifier attached external variables static external variables and static internal variables 4 Data section Stores the area for variables without the initial value For the C language this section corresponds to the area for external variables including those which are with the const qualifier static external variables and static internal variables 5 Initialized direct section Stores the area for ___direct qualified initial value attached variables For the C language this section corresponds to the area for external variables static external variables and static internal variables that are __direct qualified and without the const qualifier The default section name is DIRINIT 6 Direct section Stores the area for the direct qualified variables without the initial value For the C language this section corresponds to the area for direct qualified external variables including those which are provided with the const qualifier static external variables and static internal variables The default section name is DIRVAR 7 I O section Stores the area for the io qualified variables For the C language this section corresponds to the area for io qualified external variables including those which are provided with the const qualifier static external variables and static internal variables The default section name is IO 8 Vector section Stores interrupt vector tab
173. ores the start address of the return value storage area into EP and then passes it to the callee function The callee function interprets EP as the start address of the return value storage area When this address needs to be saved in memory the callee function secures the return value address save area and saves the address in that area 122 4 18 fcc907s COMMAND INTERRUPT FUNCITON CALL INTERFACE 4 18 fcc907s COMMAND INTERRUPT FUNCITON CALL INTERFACE The interrupt function can be written using the interrupt type qualifier If the interrupt function is called by a method other than an interrupt no subsequent operations will be guaranteed The function call interface within the interrupt function is the same as stated in the standard linkage regulations B cc907s Command Interrupt Function Call Interface Interrupt Stack Frame When an interrupt occurs the stack is changed to the interrupt stack Argument No argument can be specified for the interrupt function If any argument is specified for the interrupt function no subsequent operations will be guaranteed Interrupt Function Calling Procedure The interrupt function is called by an interrupt via the interrupt vector table If the interrupt function is called by any other method no subsequent operations will be guaranteed Register As regards the interrupt function all registers are guaranteed Return Value The interrupt function does not usually have a return value
174. ote The cc911s command handles using 32 bits 9 Expansion of format conversion specification in fprintf printf sprintf vfprintf vprintf and vsprintf function of the fcc907s command Expansion of s and n format conversion specification Small Model Medium Model It can be ordered that it be a pointer from which far is qualified to the corresponding argument by specifying F Example include lt stdio h gt far char af abc main printf 96 16FsW a Large Model Compact Model 222 Appendix B OPERATIONS SPECIFIC TO LIBRARIES It can be ordered that it be a pointer from which __ near is qualified to the corresponding argument by specifying N Example include lt stdio h gt near char abc main printf 16Ns n a Expansion of p format conversion specification Small Model Medium Model It can be ordered that it be a pointer from which __ far is qualified to the corresponding argument by specifying 7 Example include lt stdio h gt far char a abc main printf lp n Large Model Compact Model It can be ordered that it be a pointer from which near is qualified to the corresponding argument by specifying h Example include lt stdio h gt __ near char abc main printf hp n a 10 p format conversion input format for fscanf function The fcc907s command adds leading Os if the digit count i
175. peration fcc907s ramconst S cpu MB90F553A sample c Output SECTION CONST CONST ALIGN 2 ALIGN 2 DATA H 16 SECTION CINIT DATA ALIGN 2 ALIGN 2 GLOBAL 2 RES H 1 O s defname newname attr address O Xs The s option changes the compiler output section name from de name to newname and changes section type to attr In the cc907s command large models compact models medium models __ far qualified variable or function section names can be specified by attaching FAR to the start The arrangement address can also be specified in the address position For compiler output section names see 4 1 cc907s Command Section Structure 4 2 fcc911s Command Section Structure and 4 3 cc896s Command Section Structure For selectable section types refer to the Assembler Manual If the arrangement address is specified the arrangement address cannot be specified relative to the associated section at linking The Xs option cancels the s option Output Example Input void func void Operation fcc907s s CODE PROGRAM CODE 0x1000 S cpu MB90F553A sample c 59 CHAPTER 3 OPERATION Output func Operation fcc911s Output L main Operation fcc896s Output func L func O K A1 A4 SECTION begin of function GLOBAL func LINK 0 UNLINK CODE PROGRAM CODE SECTION begin of function GLOBAL func ST RP Q SP
176. qualifier such a specified address size is complied with Variables have to be adjusted to the bank boundary If not the generated code cannot access such variable correctly 4 5 GENERATION RULES FOR NAMES USED BY COMPILER 4 5 GENERATION RULES FOR NAMES USED BY COMPILER This section describes the rules for the names used by the compiler Generation Rules for Names Used by Compiler Table 4 5 1 shows the relationship between the names generated by the compiler and the C language Table 4 5 1 Label Generation Rules C Language Counterpart Label Generated by Compiler Function name function name External variable name external variable name Static variable name LI no Local variable name Virtual argument name Character string derived type Automatic variable initial value Target location label Note The compiler internal generation number is placed at the no position 83 CHAPTER 4 OBJECT PROGRAM STRUCTURE 4 6 fcc907s COMMAND BOUNDARY ALIGNMENT This section describes the standard data type and boundary alignment Table 4 6 1 shows the assignment rules f cc907s Command Boundary Alignment Table 4 6 1 cc907s Command Variable Assignment Rules Assignment Size Boundary Alignment Variable Type Byte Byte char signed char unsigned char short unsigned short int unsigned int long unsigned long
177. r bank that the subsequently defined function uses pragma noregister clears the register bank specifying An integer constant between 0 and 31 can be specified in the NUM position to specify the register bank number A hexadecimal octal or decimal number can be described Although the register bank number is changed at the beginning of the specified function remember that the new number does not revert to the previous number at completion of function execution the case of the interrupt function is excluded Always specify pragma register and pragma noregister as set Nesting is not possible Output Example Input pragma register 2 void func void pragma noregister fcc907s Command Output _func MOV RP 2 LINK 0 UNLINK RET fcc896s Command Output func MOVW A PS SWAP MOV A 16 SWAP MOVW PS A L func 156 5 9 INTERRUPT LEVEL SETUP FUNCTION 5 9 INTERRUPT LEVEL SETUP FUNCTION This function is used to set the function interrupt level B interrupt Level Setup Function General Format pragma ilm NUM pragma noilm Explanation pragma ilm specifies the interrupt level for the subsequently defined function pragma noilm clears the interrupt level specifying In the cc907s command the integer constants 0 to 7 can be specified as NUM In the fcc911s command the integer constants 0 to 31 can be specified as NUM In the cc896s command the integer constants 0 to can
178. re allocated They are initialized to the opened state Tables 10 4 1 and 10 4 2 show the predefined I O port Table 0 5 1 9075 Command Predefined I O Port Address File Number File Type Standard input Standard output Standard error output Table 0 5 2 cc911s Command Predefined I O Port Address File Number File Type IOPORT Standard input IOPORT 1 Standard output IOPORT 2 Standard error output The input from the standard input file No 0 is output to the standard output file No 1 The input to the standard input file No 0 is discontinued if the new line character n is entered However when the input is fed from some other port the input continues until the required number of characters are read open Function 210 The open function finds an unused I O port area and then returns as the file number the area s offset from the beginning of the I O section In such an instance the file name and open mode are not to be specified Even if files are opened using the same file name differing file numbers are assigned to them Files No 0 1 and 2 are initialized to the opened state Therefore the open function begins allocation with file No 3 unless files 0 1 and 2 are subjected to the close process 10 5 LOW LEVEL FUNC FUNCITON B read Function The read function reads data from the I O port area specified by the address which is determined by adding the spe
179. rectory General Format 2 For Windows set OPT907 Default option file directory set OPT911 Default option file directory set OPT896 Default option file directory Specify the directory for the default option file to be used by the driver If 907 0 911 0 896 setup is not completed the directory placed at an offset from the directory specified by FETOOL FETOOL 1ib 907 FETOOL 1ib 911 or FETOOL 1ib 896 is regarded as the default option file directory No more than one directory can be specified Example For UNIX OS setenv OPT907 usr local softune 1lib 907 setenv OPT911 usr local softune 1lib 911 setenv OPT896 usr local softune lib 896 Example For Windows set OPT907 c softune 1lib 907 set OPT911 c softune 1lib 911 set OPT896 c softune 1lib 896 2 4 INC907 INC91 1 INC896 2 4 INC907 INC911 INC896 Specify the directory where a standard header file search is to be conducted by the command For the cc907s command set INC907 For the cc911s command set INC911 For the cc896s command set INC896 INC907 INC911 INC896 General Format 1 For UNIX OS setenv INC907 Standard include directory setenv INC911 Standard include directory setenv INC896 Standard include directory General Format 2 For Windows set INC907 Standard include directory set INC911 Standard include directory set INC896 Standard include directory Specify the directory where the standard header file is to be searched for The
180. responds to the area for io qualified external variables including those which are provided with the const qualifier static external variables and static internal variables The default section name is IO 11 vector section Stores interrupt vector tables For the C language this section is generated only when the generation of a vector table is specified by pragma intvect The default section name is INTVECT 76 4 2 fcc911s COMMAND SECTION STRUCTURE 4 2 fcc911s COMMAND SECTION STRUCTURE The cc911s command has the following six sections Code section Initialized section Constant section Data section I O section Vector section B fcc911s Command Section Structure Table 4 2 1 shows the sections to be generated by the compiler and their meanings Table 4 2 1 cc911s Command Section List Section Bo ndary A Section Type Name Alignment Initial Value Byte 1 Code section CODE CODE 2 Disabled Provided 2 Initialized section INIT DATA 4 Enabled Provided 3 Constant section CONST CONST 4 Disabled Provided 4 Data section DATA DATA 4 Enabled Not provided 5 I O section IO IO 4 Enabled Not provided 6 Vector section INTVECT DATA 4 Enabled Provided The purpose of each section use and the relationship to the C language are explained below 1 Code section Stores machine codes This section corresponds to the procedure section for the C language 2 Initialized secti
181. rmed by an underbar and alphanumeric characters The first character must be alphabetic with an underbar If other characters are used for the file name the characters that cannot be used for the module name are converted to underbars File names allowing identical module names should not be used 3 4 COMMAND OPTIONS 3 4 COMMAND OPTIONS This section describes the command options Option Syntax The option consists of a hyphen and one or more characters following the hyphen Some options have an argument A blank character string must be positioned between an option and an argument The command options cannot be grouped for purposes of specifying Grouping is a technique of specifying which for instance uses Sg form to specify both the S option and g option B Multiple Specifying of Same Option If the same option is specified more than one time only the last specified option in the command line is assumed to be valid Example fcc907s o outfile file c o outobj cpu MB90F553A 9115 o outfile file c o outobj cpu MB91F154 8965 o outfile file c outobj cpu MB89P935B The resultant output file name will be outobj Options that are significant when specified more than one time D f I INF K L l ra ro sc T U x Y When the above options are specified more than one time see details of options Position within Command Line The option s position within the command line does
182. s are closed Finally the _abort function is called 21 Maximum count of functions that can be registered by the atexit function Up to 20 functions can be registered 22 exit function operations When the exit function is called all the functions registered by the atexit function are called in the reverse order of registration all the open output streams are flushed and then all the open streams are closed Finally the _exit function is called with the status value which is delivered as the argument retained When the status value is 0 or EXIT_SUCCESS it indicates successful termination When the status value is EXIT_FAILURE it indicates the unsuccessful termination 225 APPENDIX 226 Appendix C NOTES OF SIGNED DIVISION INSTRUCTION OF FFMC 16LX CPU Appendix C NOTES OF SIGNED DIVISION INSTRUCTION OF FFMC 16LX CPU Notes when FFMC 16LX CPU is used are described BB Devices All devices Eva OTP FLASH Mask of FFMC 16LX series MB90520 A MB90540 MB90550A MB90560 MB90570 A MB90580 B MB90590 MB90595 All devices of QCM16LX core Notes in use Normally remainder of the execution result of the signed division instruction DIV A Ri and DIVW A RWi is set bank 00 area But above devices set remainder bank DTB ADB USB SSB area When you use the signed division instruction remainder is set at a bank area of the DTB ADB USB SSB registers value Details are shown as follows O Notes in use of DIV A R
183. s less than 4 small model or 8 large model when using upper or lower case alphabetic character based hexadecimal notation If the digit count is less than 4 small model or 8 large model leading Os are added as needed If the specified count of digits is exceeded only the lower order portion is valid The fcc911s command adds leading Os if the digit count is less than 8 when using the upper or lower case alphabetic character based hexadecimal notation If the specified digit count 8 digits is exceeded only the lower order part is valid 11 Expansion of format conversion specification in fscanf scanf and sscanf function of the fcc907s command Small Model Medium Model can be specified for all the format conversion specification except 9696 It is shown that this F is a pointer from which __ far is qualified to the corresponding argument Example include lt stdio h gt far int a int b main scanf Fd d n amp a amp b Large Model Compact Model N can be specified for all the format conversion specification except 9696 It is shown that this N is a pointer from which near is qualified to the corresponding argument 223 APPENDIX Example include lt stdio h gt __near int a int b main scanf Nd d n amp a amp b 12 interpretation of a single character appearing at a position other than the start and end of the scan list relative to format con
184. sfully done the value 0 must be returned If file closing is not successfully done the value 1 must be returned 190 8 5 LOW LEVEL FUNCTION SPECIFICAITONS 8 5 3 read Function Create the read function in compliance with the specifications stated in this section int read int fileno char buf int size read Function Explanation From the file specified by ileno size byte data must be input into the area specified by buf If the text file new line character is other than n in the system environment at this time perform setup with the new line character converted to n by the read function Return Value When the input from the file is successfully done the input character count must be returned If the input from the file is not successfully done the value 1 must be returned If the file ends in the middle of the input sequence a value smaller than size can be returned as the input character count 191 CHAPTER 8 LIBRARY INCORPORATION 8 5 4 write Function Create the write function in compliance with the specifications stated in this section int write int fileno char buf int size B write Function Explanation To the file specified by fileno size byte data in the area specified by buf must be outputted If the file is opened in the append mode the output must always be appended to the end of the file If the text file new line character is other than n in the system environment at
185. shows the standard function stack frame status Low SP gt Return value address save area Register save area Local variable save area FP gt High Figure 4 15 1 cc907s Command Stack Frame 1 Return value address save area This is the place where the start address of a return value storage area is stored for a function which returns a structure union double or long double type When a structure union is the return value the start address of a area where the caller function stores the return value is stored in accumulator AL and passed to the callee function The callee function interprets the address stored in accumulator AL as the storage area start adaress When the return value address stored in accumulator AL needs to be saved into memory the callee function saves the address in this return value address save area 2 Register save area This is a register save area that must be guaranteed for the caller function This area is not secured when the register save operation is not needed 3 Local variable save area This is the area for local variables and temporary variables 4 Old FP This area stores the frame pointer RW3 value of the caller function 5 Return address storage area This area stores the caller function return address When a function is called this area is Set up by the caller function 99 CHAPTER 4 OBJECT PROGRAM STRUCTURE 100 6 Actual argument area virtual argument
186. sion far pointer address No extension Structure union 2 1 The extended type represents an extended type that is provided when no argument type is given When a prototype declaration is made it is complied with For an argument less than 2 bytes long or an argument having a size which is not a multiple of 2 an area having a size which is determined by reckoning a less than 2 byte portion as 2 bytes will be secured within the stack even when extension is not effected 2 For an argument less than 2 bytes long or an argument having a size which is not a multiple of 2 an area having a size which is determined by reckoning a less than 2 byte portion as 2 bytes will be secured within the stack 102 4 15 fcc907s COMMAND FUNCITON CALL INTERFACE 4 15 4 fcc907s Command Calling Procedure The caller function initiates branching to the callee function after argument storage cc907s Command Calling Procedure Figure 4 15 3 shows the stack frame prevailing at calling in compliance with the standard linkage regulations Low Caller function SP gt Actual argument area Return value area Return value address storage area Register save area Local variable save area Caller function FP gt Area referenced by the callee function High Figure 4 15 3 Stack Frame Prevailing at Calling in Compliance with cc907s Command Standard Linkage Regulations The callee function saves
187. sm statement etc no subsequent operations will be guaranteed fcc896s Command Register Setup Table 4 17 2 shows the register regulations for function call and return periods Table 4 17 2 Register Regulations for cc896s Command Function Call and Return Register Periods Call Period Return Period EP Return value area address Return value AandT Not stipulated Not stipulated RO and R1 Not stipulated Not stipulated R2 to R7 Not stipulated Call period value guaranteed IX Frame pointer Call period value guaranteed SP Stack pointer Call period value guaranteed Note There are no stipulations for situations where a function without the return value is called or a function having a structure union 1ong double long double type return value is called 121 CHAPTER 4 OBJECT PROGRAM STRUCTURE 4 17 6 fcc896s Command Return Value Table 4 17 3 shows the return value interface stated in the standard linkage regulations B fcc896s Command Return Value Table 4 17 3 cc896s Command Return Value Interface Stated in Standard Linkage Regulations Return Value Type Return Value Interface void char signed char unsigned char short unsigned short int unsigned int long unsigned long float double long double Pointer address Structure union Note The caller function st
188. ssion of FUJITSU LIMITED 4 FUJITSU semiconductor devices are intended for use in standard applications computers office automation and other office equipments industrial communications and measurement equipments personal or household devices etc CAUTION Customers considering the use of our products in special applications where failure or abnormal operation may directly affect human lives or cause physical injury or property damage or where extremely high levels of reliability are demanded such as aerospace systems atomic energy controls sea floor repeaters vehicle operating controls medical devices for life support etc are requested to consult with FUJITSU sales representatives before such use The company will not be responsible for damages arising from such use without prior approval Any semiconductor devices have inherently a certain rate of failure You must protect against injury damage or loss from such failures by incorporating safety design measures into your facility and equipment such as redundancy fire protection and prevention of over current levels and other abnormal operating conditions If any products described in this document represent goods or technologies subject to certain restrictions on export under the Foreign Exchange and Foreign Trade Control Law of Japan the prior authorization by japanese government should be required for export of those products from Japan 1999 FUJITSU LIMITED Printe
189. st be prepared in accordance with the system 184 8 2 INITIALIZATION TERMINATION PROCESS REQUIRED FOR LIBRARY USE 8 2 INITIALIZATION TERMINATION PROCESS REQUIRED FOR LIBRARY USE This section describes the initialization termination process required for library use B initialization Termination Process Some standard library functions require the following processes which are detailed in this section Steam area initialization Standard input output and standard error output file opening and closing For required functions see 8 4 Standard Library Functions and Required Processes Low level Functions B Stream Area Initialization stream init function initializes the stream area This function must be called by the startup routine to initialize the stream area void stream init void B Standard Input Output and Standard Error Output File Opening and Closing The standard input output and standard error output are to be opened or closed in a program Therefore the opening process must be performed before main function calling and the closing process must be performed after main function execution Use the startup routine to perform the opening process before main function calling and the closing process after main function execution However the stream init function correlates the file numbers 0 1 and 2 to the stdin stdout and stderr streams Therefore the opening process need not be performed whe
190. tart end Specifies the ROM area sc param Specifies the section arrangement startup file Specifies the startup file name varorder SORT NORMAL Specifies the rule of arrangement of external variables and static variables in section Table 3 4 4 List of cc896s Command Options Specifying Format Function Performs processes up to assembling and outputs the result to obj name Specifies the entry of a program pathl path2 Specifies the library path libi lib2 Specifies the library file name ADDSP Releases actual argument areas altogether ARRAY Optimization of array element access code Outputs a map file at the time of linking ra name start end Specifies the RAM area ro name start end Specifies the ROM area sc param Specifies the section arrangement startup file Specifies the startup file name 25 CHAPTER 3 OPERATION 3 4 2 List of Command Cancel Options The cancel options for the command are listed in Tables 3 4 5 to 3 4 8 The listed options are used to cancel command options on an individual basis List of Command Cancel Options Table 3 4 5 List of Command Cancel Options Specifying Format Function Cancels the option Cancels the C option Cancels the option Cancels the cwno option Cancels the option Cancels the g option Cancels the H option
191. tes long or an argument having a size which is not a multiple of 2 an area having a size which is determined by reckoning a less than 2 byte portion as 2 bytes will be secured within the stack The actual argument area is allocated deallocated by the caller function cc907s Command Argument Figure 4 15 2 shows an example of argument transfer relative to the callee function struct A char a st Low extern void sub char struct A int sub 1 st 2 Unoccupied st Unoccupied High Figure 4 15 2 Example of Argument Transfer Relative to Callee Function 101 CHAPTER 4 OBJECT PROGRAM STRUCTURE 4 15 3 fcc907s Command Argument Extension Format When an argument is to be stored in the stack its type is converted to an extended type in accordance with the individual argument type The argument is released by the caller function after the return from the callee function is made cc907s Command Argument Extension Format Table 4 15 1 shows the argument extension format Table 4 15 1 cc907s Command Argument Extension Format Stack Storage Size Byte Actual Argument Type Extended char signed char unsigned char short No extension unsigned short No extension int No extension unsigned int No extension long No extension unsigned long No extension float double double No extension long double No extension near pointer address No exten
192. the compiler E Language Specification Related Options O J alc This option specifies the language specification level to be interpreted by the compiler preprocessor included When Ja is specified interpretation is conducted in compliance with the ANSI specifications including expansion specifications When Jc is specified interpretation is conducted in strict compliance with the ANSI specifications In response to the expansion specifications a warning message is output If the option is not specified Ja applies Example fcc907s J filel c J file2 c cpu MB90F553A 9115 J filel c J file2 c cpu 91 154 fcc896s J a filel c J c file2 c cpu MB89P935B The Jc option becomes valid so that files named ilel c and file2 c are interpreted strict compliance with the ANSI specifications B K DCONST FCONST When the FCONST suboption is specified a floating point constant whose suffix is not specified will be handled as a 1oat type When the DCONST suboption is specified a floating point constant whose suffix is not specified will be handled as a double type If neither of the above two suboptions is specified K DCONST applies Output Example Input extern float f1 f2 void func void f1 2 1 0 Operation fcc907s K fconst cpu MB90F553A S sample c 43 CHAPTER 3 OPERATION Output func LINK 0 MOVL A 1065353216 MOVL RL2 A MOVL A _ 2 CALLP FA
193. the debug information to be referenced by the symbolic debugger Command Related Options The command related options are related to the other tools recalled by commands Linkage Related Options The linkage related options are related to linkage Option File Related Options The option file related options are related to option files 3 5 DETAILS OF OPTIONS 3 5 1 Translation Control Related Options This section describes the options related to preprocessor compiler assembler and linker call control Translation Control Related Options The priorities of the translation control related options are defined as follows They are not related to the order of specifying E gt P gt S gt c The translation control related option exclusiveness is shown in Table 3 5 1 Table 3 5 1 Translation Control Related Option Exclusiveness Specified Option Option Invalidated If the E and P options are specified simultaneously see the explanation below The e option cannot be used with the cc907s command The translation control related options are detailed below O E This option subjects all files to preprocessing only and outputs the result to the standard output The output result contains the preprocessing instruction generated by the preprocessor which is necessary for the compiler The information targets for the preprocessing instruction generated by the preprocessor are the 1 and
194. the options and operands in the order shown below 1 An entry beginning with a hyphen is first recognized as an option The subsequent character string is interpreted to determine the option type 2 As regards an option having an argument the subsequent character string is regarded as the argument 3 The remaining entries in the command line are recognized as operands Example fcc907s filel c S I home myincs file2 c fcc911s filel c S I home myincs file2 c fcc896s filel c S I home myincs file2 c At first S and are regarded as options Since the option has an argument the subsequent character string home myincs is regarded as the argument The remaining entries file1 c and file2 c are regarded as operands Options S I home myincs Operands filel c file2 c Command Process The command calls up the preprocessor compiler assembler and linker for all input files in the order of their specifying and performs preprocessing compiling assembling and linking The results are output into files which are named by replacing the input file extensions with obj Example fcc907s filel c file2 c file3 c cpu MB90F553A Files named ilei c file2 c and file3 c are subjected to preprocessing compiling and assembling so that files named filel obj file2 0bj and file3 0bjare generated 9115 filel c file2 c file3 c cpu MB91F154 fcc896s filel c file2 c file3 c cpu MB89P935B Files nam
195. this time the output must be generated with the system environment new line character converted to n by the write function Return Value When the output to the file is successfully done the output character count must be returned If it is not successfully done the value 1 must be returned 192 8 5 LOW LEVEL FUNCTION SPECIFICAITONS 8 5 5 Iseek Function Create the 1seek function in compliance with the specifications stated in this section include lt unistd h gt long int lseek int fileno off_t offset int whence B iseek Function Explanation The file specified by ileno must be moved to a position that is offset bytes away from the position specified by whence The file position is determined according to the byte count from the beginning of the file The following three positions are to be specified by whence SEEK CUR Adds the o set value to the current file position SEEK END Adds the o set value to the end of the file SEEK SET Ass the offset value to the beginning of the file Return Value When the file position is successfully changed the new file position must be returned If it is not successfully changed 1L must be returned 193 CHAPTER 8 LIBRARY INCORPORATION 8 5 6 isatty Function Create the isatty function in compliance with the specifications stated in this section int isatty int fileno isatty Function Explanation The file specified by
196. tifiers whose 254 leading characters are the same an error may occur in the assembler Remarks The symbol in the above table indicates the dependence on the memory size available for the s ystem 170 CHAPTER6 EXECUTION ENVIRONMENT This chapter describes the user program execution procedure to be performed in an environment where no operating system exists It is conceivable that a user program may be executed in an environment where the operating system exists or executed while no operating system support is provided In an environment in which the operating system exists it is necessary to prepare the setup process suitable for the environment 6 1 EXECUTION PROCESS OVERVIEW 6 2 STARTUP ROUTINE CREATION 171 CHAPTER 6 EXECUTION ENVIRONMENT 6 1 EXECUTION PROCESS OVERVIEW In an environment where no operating system exists it is necessary to prepare the startup routine which initiates user program execution Execution Process Overview 172 The main functions to be incorporated into the startup routine are as follows Environment Initialization Necessary for Program Operation This initialization must be described by the assembler and completed before user program execution User Program Calling The void main void which is normally used as the function that the startup routine calls in the program start process is to be called Shutdown Process After a return from the user program is
197. tion sample pragma asm MOVN A 1 MOVW _temp A pragma endasm When written outside the function pragma asm SECTION DATA DATA ALIGN 2 ALIGN 2 GLOBAL a RES B 2 pragma endasm Output SECTION DATA DATA ALIGN 2 begin of function GLOBAL sample sample LINK 0 MOVN A 1 MOVW temp A UNLINK RET SECTION DATA DATA ALIGN 2 ALIGN 2 GLOBAL a a RES B 2 Output Example Input When extern i sample pragma pragma When pragma Output L sample 5 1 ASSEMBLER DESCRIPITON FUNCTIONS for cc911s Command written inside the function nt temp asm LDI 1 RO LDI 32 temp R12 ST RO R12 endasm written outside the function SECTION DATA DATA ALIGN 4 GLOBAL a RES B 4 endasm SECTION CODE CODE ALIGN 2 begin of function GLOBAL sample ST RP Q SP ENTER 4 LDI 1 RO LDI 32 _temp R12 ST RO R12 LEAVE LD SP RP RET SECTION DATA DATA ALIGN 4 GLOBAL a RES B 4 139 CHAPTER 5 EXTENDED LANGUAGE SPECIFICATIONS Output Example for cc896s Command Input When written inside the function extern int temp sample pragma asm MOVW A 1 MOVW _temp A pragma endasm When written outside the function pragma asm SECTION DATA DATA ALIGN 1 GLOBAL a a RES H 1 pragma endasm Output SECTION CODE CODE ALIGN 1 GLOBAL sample sample MOV
198. tion this area is referred to as the virtual argument area For details see 4 15 2 cc907s Command Argument 117 CHAPTER 4 OBJECT PROGRAM STRUCTURE 4 17 2 fcc896s Command Argument Argument transfer relative to the callee function is effected via the stack For an argument less than 2 bytes long or an argument having a size which is not a multiple of 2 an area having a size which is determined by reckoning a less than 2 byte portion as 2 bytes will be secured within the stack The actual argument area is allocated deallocated by the caller function cc896s Command Argument 118 Figure 4 17 2 shows an example of argument transfer relative to the callee function struct A char A st Low extern void sub char struct A int sub 1 st 2 Unoccupied Unoccupied High Figure 4 17 2 Example of Argument Transfer Relative to Callee Function 4 17 fcc896s COMMAND FUNCITON CALL INTERFACE 4 17 3 fcc896s Command Argument Extension Format When an argument is to be stored in the stack its type is converted to an extended type in accordance with the individual argument type The argument is released by the caller function after the return from the callee function is made cc896s Command Argument Extension Format Table 4 17 1 shows the argument extension format Table 4 17 1 cc896s Command Argument Extension Format Stack Storage Size Extended Byte Actual Argument Type ch
199. tions are conducted in the specified order 1 3 C COMPILER BASIC FUNCTIONS Coordination with Symbolic Debugger When the g option is specified the compiler generates the debug information to be used by the symbolic debugger When such information is generated C language level debugging can be accomplished within the symbolic debugger Two types of symbol debuggers are available simulator debugger and emulator debugger When the optimization option is specified the compiler attempts to ensure good code generation by changing the computation target position and eliminating computations that are judged to be unnecessary To minimize the amount of data exchange with memory the compiler tries to retain data within a register It is therefore conceivable that a break point positioned in a certain line may fail to cause a break or that currently monitored certain address data may fail to vary with the expected timing It also well to remember that the debug data will not be generated for an unused local variable or a local variable whose area need not be positioned in a stack as a result of optimization Debugging must be conducted with the above considerations taken into account B Optimization When the option is specified the compiler generates an object subjected to general purpose optimization CHAPTER 1 GENERAL CHAPTER2 SETUP OF SYSTEM EMVIRONMENT BEFORE USING C COMPILER This chapter describes the C compiler operating
200. to be unnecessary To minimize the amount of data exchange with memory the compiler tries to retain data within a register It is therefore conceivable that a break point positioned in a certain line may fail to cause a break or that currently monitored certain address data may fail to vary with the expected timing It also well to remember that the debug data will not be generated for an unused local variable or a local variable whose area need not be positioned in a stack as a result of optimization Debugging must be conducted with the above considerations taken into account Xg option cancels the g option 64 3 5 DETAILS OF OPTIONS 3 5 8 Command Related Options This section describes the options related to the other tools called by the cc907s Command Related Options O Y item dir O XY The Y option changes the item position to the dir directory The XY option cancels the option The item is one of the following p Changes the preprocessor pathname to dir c Changes the compiler pathname to dir a Changes the assembler pathname to dir 1 Changes the linker pathname to dir Example fcc907s file c Y p home newlib cpu MB90F553A 9115 file c Y p home newlib cpu MB91F154 Calls the preprocessor using home newlib cpp as the path name O T item argl arg2 O XT The T option passes arg to item as an individual compiler tool argument The XT option cancels the T option
201. to the callee function When a structure union return function is called three argument registers R5 to R7 are used because the return value area address is stored in register R4 Arguments not placed in the argument registers will be stored in the stack actual argument area for transfer purposes When an 8 byte type argument is to be delivered using registers it is divided into two and placed in two registers for transfer B cc911s Command Argument When argument registers must be saved to memory the callee function secures an argument register save area in the stack In this case a continuous argument register save area must be established in the virtual argument area The argument register save area must be allocated as needed to cover the size of the argument register to be saved If the function has a variable count of arguments it saves all argument registers in the argument register save area Example 1 double d sub d The high order words of d are delivered by R4 and the low order words of d are delivered by R5 Example 2 int a b c double d sub a b c d a is delivered by R4 b by R5 and c by R6 The high order words of d are delivered by R7 and the low order words of d are delivered by the stack When a structure union is to be delivered as an argument the caller copies the structure to the local variable area and passes the address of that area to the callee In this case if the structure u
202. truct st3 char A short B gt sizeof 5 3 4 BYTES struct st4 char A int B gt sizeof st4 8 BYTES struct tag3 char A short B 31 MSB 23 15 0 LSB A Unoccupied B Figure 4 13 1 Example 1 of Structure Union Data Size and Boundary Alignment for cc911s Command struct tag4 char A int B 31 MSB 23 0 LSB A Unoccupied Figure 4 13 2 Example 2 of Structure Union Data Size and Boundary Alignment for cc911s Command 95 CHAPTER 4 OBJECT PROGRAM STRUCTURE struct tag5 char A struct tag6 short A char B S6 sizeof tag5 6 BYTES sizeof tag6 4 BYTES 31 MSB 23 15 0 LSB A Unoccupied A6 A S6 B Unoccupied Figure 4 13 3 Example 3 of Structure Union Data Size and Boundary Alignment for cc911s Command 96 4 14 fcc896s COMMAND STRUCTURE UNION 4 14 fcc896s COMMAND STRUCTURE UNION This section describes the structure union data size and boundary alignment for the fcc896s command The structure data size is equal to total of the member size The union data size is equal to the size of the maximum member B fcc896s Command Structure Union struct stl char A sizeof stl 1 BYTE struct st2 short A sizeof st2 2 BYTES struct st3 char short B 5sizeof st3 3 BYTES struct st4 char A char 5sizeof st4 3 BYTES 97 CHAPTER 4 OBJECT PROGRAM STRUCTURE 4 15 fcc907s COMMAND FUNCITON C
203. ure 4 17 1 fcc896s Command Stack Frame 1 Register save area This is a register save area that must be guaranteed for the caller function This area is not secured when the register save operation is not needed 2 Local variable area This is the area for local variables and temporary variables 4 17 fcc896s COMMAND FUNCITON CALL INTERFACE 3 Hidden parameter save area This area stores the start address of the return value storage area for a structure union return function When a structure union is used as the return value the caller function stores the return value storage area start address in register EP and passes it to the caller function The callee function interprets the address stored in the EP as the return value storage area start address When register EP needs to be saved into memory the callee function saves it in the hidden parameter save area This area is not secured when the save operation is not needed 4 Old IX This area stores the frame pointer IX value of the caller function 5 Return address storage area This area stores the caller function return address When a function is called this area is set up by the caller function 6 Actual argument area virtual argument area When a function is called this area is used for argument transfer When the argument is set up by the caller function this area is referred to as the actual argument area When the argument is referenced by the callee func
204. ut extern void sub void void func void sub Operation fcc907s INF stack S cpu MB90F553A sample c Output Qsample c 4 E Extern S Static I Interrupt Stack E S I function name gt 5 call function 4 E _func gt _sub Operation 9115 INF stack 5 cpu MB91F154 sample c 39 CHAPTER 3 OPERATION Output sample c E Extern S Static I Interrupt Stack E S I function name gt E S call function 8 E func gt sub Operation fcc896s INF stack S cpu MB89P935B sample c Output sample c E Extern S Static I Interrupt Stack E S I function name gt E S call function 0 E _func gt sub O o pathname O Xo The option uses the pathname as the output file name If this option is not specified the default for the employed file format is complied with The Xo option cancels the option Example fcc907s o output asm S cpu MB90F553A sample c fcc911s o output asm S cpu MB91F154 sample c fcc896s o output asm S cpu MB89P935B sample c The sample c preprocessing and compiling process result are output to the output asm O XV The V option outputs the version information about each executed compiler tool to the standard output The option cancels the option 40 3 5 DETAILS OF OPTIONS Output Example for cc911s Command FR Family Softune C Compiler V30
205. version A string of consecutive characters beginning with the character placed to the left of and ending with the character placed to the right of is handled Example a c is equal to abc 13 abort function operation relative to an open file Closing takes place after flushing of all streams 14 Status returned by the exit function when the actual argument value is other than 0 EXIT SUCCESS and EXIT FAILURE The status to be returned is the same as for EXIT FAILURE 15 Floating point number limit values FLT MAX FFFF DBL MAX 7FEF FFFF FFFF FFFF BLT EPSILON 3400 0000 DBL EPSILON 3CBO 0000 0000 0000 FLT MIN 0080 0000 DBL MIN 0010 0000 0000 0000 16 Limitations on setjmp function The interrupt environment is not supported by the libraries Therefore the interrupt handler cannot achieve environment saving and the return to the interrupt handler cannot be made 17 Limitations on va start macro Do not use the following variable definitions for the fcc896s command va start macro second argument char type unsigned char type short type or unsigned short type however the pointer type for these types can be used Type having the register storage area class Function type Array type Type different from the type derived from existing actual argument extension Do not use the following variable definitions for the cc907s command va start macro sec
206. vice on a system Therefore the problem does not occur if a normal operation is confirmed in debugging though there is the signed division instruction in the program In the program development by the assembler 1 There is no problem if DIV A Ri and DIVW A RWi not used 2 There is no problem if each bank register is 00 though DIV A Ri and DIVW A RWi are used 3 The DIV instructions excluding this does not have the problem In the program development by C compiler 1 In small model and medium model there is no problem when the bank register which far type qualified data and nor corresponds is used by OO initial value In small model and medium model C compiler does not change the value of each bank register initialized by the startup routine when there is no far type qualified data 2 There is a possibility that DIV A R2 DIV A Re DIVW A RW2 and the DIVW A RW6 instructions are influenced for either by ADB as follows even if the corresponding bank register is used by OO0h initial value In small model and medium model there is __ far type qualified data Compact model and large model are used C compiler has the possibility to change the ADB register for the condition of 2 228 Appendix C NOTES OF SIGNED DIVISION INSTRUCTION OF FFMC 16LX CPU However there is no problem in the program if a normal operation is confirmed in debugging 229 APPENDIX 230 INDEX Symbols _
207. xample 2 of Bit Field Data Size and Boundary Alignment for fcc907s Command 87 Example of Bit Field Data Size and Boundary Alignment for fcc907s Command 88 Example 1 of Bit Field Data Size and Boundary Alignment for fcc911s Command 89 Example 2 of Bit Field Data Size and Boundary Alignment for fcc911s Command 89 Example of Bit Field Data Size and Boundary Alignment for fcc911s Command 90 Example 1 of Bit Field Data Size and Boundary Alignment for fcc896s Command 91 Example 2 of Bit Field Data Size and Boundary Alignment for fcc896s Command 91 Example of Bit Field Data Size and Boundary Alignment for fcc896s Command 92 Example 1 of Structure Union Data Size and Boundary Alignment for fcc907s Command 93 Example 2 of Structure Union Data Size and Boundary Alignment for fcc907s Command 93 Example of Structure Union Data Size and Boundary Alignment for fcc907s Command 94 Example 1 of Structure Union Data Size and Boundary Alignment for fcc911s Command 95 Example 2 of Structure Union Data Size and Boundary Alignment for fcc911s Command 95 Example of Structure Union Data Size and Boundary Alignment for fcc911s Command 96 fcc907S Command Stack Frame estar edebat Ma aep date dtt 99 Example of Argument Transfer Relative to Callee 2
208. y to guarantee the value by the startup routine to initiate calling Table 6 1 1 cc907s Command Register Status Prevailing at Return from User Program Register Value Guarantee at Return A Not provided RWO to RW2 Provided RW3 Provided RW4 and WR5 Not provided RW6 and WR7 Provided USP SSP Provided Table 6 1 2 cc911s Command Register Status Prevailing at Return from User Program Register Value Guarantee at Return RO to R7 Not provided R12 to R13 Not provided R8 and R11 Provided R14 FP Provided R15 SP Provided Table 6 1 3 cc896s Command Register Status Prevailing at Return from User Program Register Value Guarantee at Return A T and EP Not provided RO and R1 Not provided R2 to R7 Provided IX Provided SP Provided 173 CHAPTER 6 EXECUTION ENVIRONMENT 6 2 STARTUP ROUTINE CREATION This section describes the processes necessary for startup routine creation fcc907s Command Startup Routine Creation 174 1 Register Initial Setup Perform initial setup for RP ILM DRP SSB SSP DTB USB and USP The register bank uses one or more Please setting DTB to 0 2 Data Area Initialization The C language specification guarantees the initialization of external variables without the initial value and static variables to 0 Therefore initialize the data area to 0 For the initialization of far typ

Softune C Compiler Manual(1.11)

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