TWIMO HP & MP Modules RTU & API User`s guide
Contents
1. D Q D nO O TD O nN Register Radio Data Rate 0 Narrow Band 10 kbps 1 Medium band 38 4 kbps 2 Wide Band 57 6 kbps 200 Correspond to the gross data rate Immediate RS232 baudrate 0 9600 bauds 1 38400 bauds 2 57600 bauds The other RS232 parameters are fixed 1 stop bit No parity 8 bit of data 201 At next reset RS232 hw flow control 202 0 disable 1 Enable RS232 condition for packet transmission 203 0 MaxPackSize Only 1 MaxPacketSize or RS232 Timeout Only RTS signal is managed in order to inform the host to stop sending data At next reset RS232 timeout si timeout for silence detec tion This timeout is fixed to 100ms At next reset Adressing mode Default Note Effect 1 1 204 0 Transparent Immediate 1 Adressed 205 N A RE MAC 206 0 ASYNC Select the medium access scheme At next reset 1 TDMA Device Role 207 0 Master Applies only if register 206 1 At next reset 1 Slave 208 209 210 N A 211 212 213 Radio channel for communication MHz 0 N A 1 N A 2 868 120 3 868 170 214 A 868 220 11 Immediate 5 868 270 6 868 320 N A N A 7 868 370 8 868 420 9 868 470 10 869 500 11 869 525 12 869 550 Figure 9 Register description TWIMO_Module_V1 4_user_guide 13 Add WE ues Vireless products amp solutions Type T Immediate Op Freq 0 868MHz 1 434MHz At next reset 2 915Mhz i Appli ly if ister 204 1 S2. 116 0 106 0 96 0 Sonde TC2 Sur U4 106 126 136 146 156 186 196 206 Temp Max C Tempsd i temp MAX F rci 1264 MV te2i2 Tes FF X 80 3Sec Y 188 C a aay dae TC2 238 9 78 6 0 0 Tes N Echatillons 2006 Niveau Batterie Date 28 10 2010 Heur 9 12 54 TWIMO_Module_V1 4_user_guide
3. 3 4 1 Narrow band system 3 4 2 Medium band system 3 4 3 Wide band system 3 4 4 Summary 4 Firmware upgrade 5 Programmable version 5 1 API concept TWIMO_Module_V1 4_user_guide CONNDO O1 O1 oOo oO Ade we eu Vireless products amp solutions 5 2 Hardware Interface description 21 5 2 1 Pin Description 21 5 3 Resources availability and partitioning 21 5 3 1 Flash memory 21 5 3 2 RAM memory 21 5 3 3 E2PROM memory 22 5 3 4 TWIMO firmware requirement in terms of memory 22 5 3 5 Peripheral GPIO ADC DAC Communication etc 22 5 3 6 Hardware Timer 22 5 3 7 DMA 23 5 3 8 GPIO Interrupt line and vectors 23 5 3 9 Interrupt vector priority 24 5 3 10 CPU Frequency 24 5 4 API TWIMO 25 5 4 1 Radio related APIs 25 5 4 1 01 TWIMO API Systeminit 25 5 4 1 02 TWIMO _ API Radio BackgroundTask 25 5 4 1 03 TWIMO_API Radio SendData 26 5 4 1 04 TWIMO_API Radio ReceiveData 26 5 4 1 05 TWIMO_API_GetFirmwareVersion 2 5 4 2 TWIMO API data structure 27 5 4 2 01 TWIMO_INIT 27 5 4 2 02 TWIMO RADIO TX 29 5 4 2 03 TWIMO RADIO RX 29 5 4 3 TWIMO firmware operating 30 5 4 4 Application Template 31 5 5 TWIMO API how to use it 31 5 6 Code Integration 32 5 6 1 Application background task execution 32 5 6 2 Application interrupt execution 32 5 6 3 Miscellaneous 32 5 7 Compiling code 32 5 7 1 Code Generation tool 32 5 7 2 Project Workspace exemple 33 5 8 Bootloading 33 6 Process 33 6 1 Description of mod
4. customers for a pre compliance qualification of end products TWIMO_Module_V 1 4_user_guide 4 Adee us Vireless products amp solutions 1 TWIMO module range 1 1 Form factor and footprint The TWIMO range is made up of 3 modules e High Power Module HP able to deliver up to 500 mW 27 dBm output power e Medium Power module MP able to deliver up to 50 mW 17 dBm output power e Low Power Module LP able to deliver up to 10 mW 10 dBm output power This document deals only with the HP and MP modules The 2 modules are pin to pin compatible Footprint of the MP and HP modules LAND PATTERN PAD DETAIL TOP VIEW 15 68 8 00 PAD DETAIL SS OS os rh NN mm 26 00 EEPOUT AREA N AS GJ OS 0 16 00 ALL DIMENSIONS ARE IN MILLIMETERS NO COPPER AND TRACKS UNDER THE MODULE Figure 1 Module s footprint TWIMO_Module_V1 4_user_guide 5 Es Ad ues Vireless products amp solutions Pinout of the modules 16 88 GND GND 2 ANTENNA VCC 4 GND GPIO WKUPYADCO 6 RESET GPIO ADCS 8 BOOTO GPIO USART1_TX 10 GPIO USART1_RX 12 GPIO USART1_RTS 14 GPIO USART1_CTS 16 GPIO SPI2_MISO USART3_RTS GPIO SPI2_SCK USART3_CTS GPIO SPI2_MQS GPIO SPI2_NSS GND 18 GND VCC 20 GPIO ADC4 GPIO ADCS 22 GPIO ADC1 GPIO USART3_TX l2C_SCL 24 GPIO USART
5. in the network When selecting this mode of communication the application does not have to deal at all with the radio channel access gt the module s firmware is in charge of scheduling and coordinating the access to the radio channel and thus making sure that no collision will never happen Here are described below the 2 main parameters that come into play when dealing with synchronous communi cation e The Number of slots represents the number of equipment involved in the communication e The Slot Duration represents the duration during which one of the equipment is transmitting data and all the other equipment are listening cf T 3 3 7 for detailled information Those 2 parameters are defined statically which means that they cannot change dynamically during execution e The Slot Number x Slot Duration gives the Cycle Duration e The Cycle Duration must not exceed a maximum value above which the frequency deviation is such that the equipments are not able to synchronize anymore So the maximum number of slots in TDMA network is limited to 50 Find below the scheme of a synchronous network with 4 equipments TWIMO_Module_V1 4_user_guide 10 rs Adeutts ees Vireless products amp solutions TOMA cycle TDMA slot c Txi RX Rx Rx Txt Rx Rx Equipment 1 Master Equipment Slave RX Rx Tx3 Rx Rx Rx Tx 3 Equipment 3 Slave Rx Rx Rx Tx 4 Rx Rx Rx Equipment a 1 t Slave
6. leads maybe the land pattern may be little bit large compared to the leads and then there is risk of module slip during reflow soldering The stencil foil thickness should be 150 to 170 microns to ensure enough solder fillet the stencil aperture should be reduced in length and width by 150 microns roughly to avoid solder balling in case misalignment occurs Check of maximum temperature during reflow on sensitive component body has to be done low risk considering the thermal profile provided for module assembly max The trickiest point is regarding the moisture sensitivity and the way to consider the module for the assembly on mother board Considering the components on the module we can define the module as a level 3 component whose TWIMO_Module_V1 4_user_guide 35 Es ZY pe Adeunis ues Vireless products amp solutions floor life under 60 max RH is 168 hours Having in mind that module to mother board assembly delay is not under control same for temporary storage atmosphere the best solution is to dry the module after test and put it in reels and then pack them in MBB bags Jedec JSTD 033 standard is helping us to define the conditions of drying refer to table nex page If drying occurs less than 10 days after first reflow 24 hours 90 C seems a good compromise between time and temperature If drying occurs more than 10 days after first reflow The drying condition becomes 36 hours 90 C Refer
7. set to communication mode the user is able to exchange data with a remote module When in communication mode there are basically 2 different schemes of communication the communication could be either asynchronous or synchronous 3 1 2 01 Asynchronous mode of communication The communication is said to be asynchronous when there is no coordination in the way the modules will access the radio channel So when a module is configured in asynchronous mode the data coming on its serial interface will be immediately sent over the radio link without any consideration regarding the radio channel occupancy As a consequence it is up to the user s application protocol to manage the access to the radio channel in order to avoid packets collision between equipments 3 1 2 02 Synchronous TDMA mode of communication The communication is said to be synchronous when there exists coordination in the way the modules will access the radio channel So when a module is configured in synchronous mode the data coming on its serial interface will be sent over the radio link at pre defined instants instants at which all the other equipment will be listening that is in radio reception mode One particularity of the synchronous mode is the presence of a Master equipment in the network Its role is to keep all the equipment involved in the network in sync this is done by periodically sending synchronization frame in order to re adjust the timing of all equipment
8. very well consider 8 6 cm welded wire antennas directly on the PCB either horizontally or vertically However and wherever possible it is interesting to keep the footprint of SMAs as to facilitate the develop ment for the degrees of freedom offered an application point of view offset antenna etc the antennas associated with these connectors We would offer e For a quick set up we recommend not to get the self to install the capacitor to 27 pF or replace it by a short circuit or a 0 ohm resistor and solder a 8 6 cm length wire behind the capacitor 1 6 Power Supply The table below summarizes all the a electrical ee TT characteristics of the modules ae ore pute low level oies Std I O input level voltage I O FT input ee level ee Input low level voltage aC high level voltage _ Output Low level vol tage for an I O pin when 8 pins are sunk at the same time Output High level vol tage for an I O pin when 8 pins are sourced at the same time Output Low level vol tage for an I O pin when 8 pins are sunk at the same time Output High level vol tage for an I O pin when 8 pins are sourced at the same time Output Low level vol tage for an I O pin when 8 pins are sunk at the same time Output High level vol tage for an I O pin when 8 pins are sourced at the same time Output High level vol tage for an I O pin when 8 pins are sourced at the same time Output High level vol tage for a
9. 2_ TX ADC2 26 GND 28 5 GPIO USART3_ RX 12C_SDA GPIO USART2_RX ADC3 GPIO a i 3 Gi Z D Figure 2 Module s pinout ON9 OND The description and the functionalities associated with each pin are described further in this document 1 2 _Module s hardware architecture The modules are made up of 2 parts e 1 Digital part which mainly consist of a microcontroller belonging to the STM32F101x family e 1 Radio part which mainly consists of a radio chip SX1231 combined to an optimized RF front end The radio part is in charge of the modulation and demodulation of the data while the digital part is in charge of managing the radio engine and handling the end user application 1 3 Technical Specifications Module configuration Programmable frequency Programmable RF output power Operating range open space Tx HP Tx MP Rx consumption maxi Operating temperature Dimensions 32x 16 x 2 8mm Standard compliance EN 300 220 TWIMO_Module_V1 4_user_guide 6 ad EE ues Vireless products amp solutions 1 4 Hardware integration TWIMO RTU ready to use module PIN CONFIGURATIONS ia F When integrating the TWIMO RTU module pins 13 23 26 amp 27 MUST 2 3 gt Antenna Matching 3 3v J 4 5 F gt BE CONNECTED TO THE GROUND Command mode i 1 ae If not done the module won t work x Usart p I ma RTS Usart a O ST Schematic on the left typica
10. 7628 B 7581 module is fully SMT single side Assembly process is based on leadfree alloy no clean flux residues Main component families are Ceramic chip resistors and capacitors 0201size 0 5 mm x 0 25 mm Ceramic chip resistors and capacitors 0402 1 mm x 0 5 mm Ceramic chip resistors and capacitors 0603 1 6 mm x 0 8 mm low profile PQFP48 0 5 mm pitch U4 MSL level 3 TQFN24 U1 MSL 1 QFN 8 U2 MSL 3 LCC ceramic packages sealed cavity Q1 and F2 BGA 5 RG1 MSL 1 Smt LED size 0603 MSL level un identified other packages more standard Bare PCB is FR4 material 6 layers class 6 nickel gold finish ENIG module involves 66 SMT components Assembly process of module on mother board ARF7628 B is also based on leadfree noclean solder paste used is ALPHA Omnix OM 338 T Assembled module is considered as a component just like the switch tantalum chip capacitor and few other chips visible on mother boards The assembly of the module is considered as already mastered by the EMS then the risk analysis is just on the assembly of the module on the mother board TWIMO_Module_V1 4_user_guide 33 ZI pe Adeunis ues Vireless products amp solutions 6 2 BOM analysis BOM was analyzed after loading and comparison with SERMA databases from this job we get the following data Rohs status Obsolescence MSL level Max peak temp during reflow Time max at peak temp Num
11. AT Commands A command starts with the 2 ASCII characters A T and ends with the 2 characters CR LF A response is sent back to the user after each command The command can be divided in 2 groups 3 2 2 01 AT Commands module configuration The first group contains commands which are mainly used to read and update the modem parameters Returns the content of the Sn register Sn y lt cr gt lt lf gt y is the content of the Sn rgister ATSn m Set the content of the Sn register with the value m O lt cr gt if operation OK E lt cr gt if error The register content is updated in volatile memory AT S Display as a list the content of each register Sxxx y lt cr gt lt lf gt for each register AT V Displays the firmware version TW_AA_Vx x xx_AA_A_X xx Restore the content of registers in non volatile _ O lt cr gt if operation OK E lt cr gt if error memory with default values ATEX Exit command mode O lt cr gt if operation OK E lt cr gt if error Save the register configuration in non volatile O lt cr gt if operation OK E lt cr gt if error memory Figure 7 AT Command configuration 3 2 2 02 AT Commands module test The second group contains commands which are used to run RF test on the module ATT11 Configure the radio in continuous reception mode O lt cr gt if operation OK E lt cr gt if error ATT12 Reset the packet counter O lt cr gt if operation OK
12. Ade unis ues Vireless products amp solutions TWIMO HP amp MP Modules RTU amp API User s guide TWIMO_Module_V1 4_user_guide Add We eu Vireless products amp solutions Table of contents TWIMO REGULATORY CONSIDERATIONS 1 TWIMO module range Form factor and footprint Module s hardware architecture Technical Specifications Hardware integration Antenna T 1 1 1 1 1 1 Power Supply O O1 WN 2 TWIMO concept 2 1 Ready to Use version configurable RF gateway 2 2 Programmable version embedding your application in it 3 Ready To Use version 3 1 Operating modes 3 1 1 Command Mode 3 1 2 Communication mode 3 1 2 01 Asynchronous mode of communication 3 1 2 02 Synchronous TDMA mode of communication 3 1 2 03 Synchronous vs Asynchronous drawback and advantage 3 2 Command Interface 3 2 1 Entering Command Mode 3 2 1 01 Through the RS232 serial link 3 2 1 02 Through a dedicated pin of the module pin n 8 Cmd Mode 3 2 2 AT Commands 3 2 2 01 AT Commands module configuration 3 2 2 02 AT Commands module test 3 2 3 Register parameter 3 2 4 Default settings 3 3 Communication mode Sending and Receiving datas 3 3 1 Modem state machine 3 3 2 Data flow 3 3 3 Packet format 3 3 4 Addressing modes 3 3 4 01 Transparent mode 3 3 4 02 Addressed mode 3 3 5 Receiving mode 3 3 6 LED Status 3 3 7 Synchronous TDMA mode 3 4 Radio characteristics
13. E lt cr gt if error ATT13 Return the number of correctly received packet and O lt cr gt if operation OK E lt cr gt if error configure the radio in Standby mode ATT21 Pure carrier data 0 transmission using current RF O lt cr gt if operation OK E lt cr gt if error channel ATT22 Pure carrier data 1 transmission using current RF O lt cr gt if operation OK E lt cr gt if error channel ATT23 0x55 modulated carrier using the current data rate O lt cr gt if operation OK E lt cr gt if error and RF channel ATT24xx Burst packet mode Send xx data packet 15 bytes O lt cr gt if operation OK E lt cr gt if error consecutively with 100 ms spacing between 2 packets NB 1 ATT21 to ATT24 commands are only dedicated to test purposes The end product can t be used in this conditions NB 2 the test commands are available only if the module is configured is asynchronous mode TWIMO_Module_V1 4_user_guide 12 Add We ees Vireless products amp solutions 3 2 3 Register parameter All the user settings are contained in registers located in E2PROM memory At power up the previous configuration is loaded from E2PROM to RAM memory Then every register update using the ATSn m will modify the register content in RAM memory In order to save the current configuration in non volatile memory E2PROM the user has to use the command AT amp W Le n O h O n D n gt
14. Figure 6 TDMA network with 4 equipments 3 1 2 03 Synchronous vs Asynchronous drawback and advantage The main advantage of the synchronous mode over the asynchronous mode is that the user does not have to worry about the radio channel access instant and thus does not have to worry about RF collision However the synchronous mode may suffer from poor response time as well as decreased data rate compare to asynchronous mode Indeed as the number of equipment in a synchronous network will increased the data rate will decrease and the response time will increase For instance the synchronous mode will be useful in application where a user wants several independent sys tems to coexist As an example let us take status reporter application where 2 sets of equipment have to operate within the same geographic area Selecting asynchronous mode will require the 2 sets of equipment to communicate on 2 different frequency channels with a channel spacing large enough in order to avoid interference In some cases this requirement might not be achievable So the only solution is to go for a synchronous mode of communication where several set of independent equipment will be able to communicate without interfering each other So the decision to go for one mode or another is very dependent on the application s requirements data rate expected response time needed deployment scheme 1 2 way communication etc 3 2 Command Interface The command in
15. IFO size is 4 elements When application calls TWIMO API Radio ReceiveData function the TWIMO firmware will return the oldest element contained in the FIFO TWIMO_Module_V1 4_user_guide 30 Bde wee ues Vireless products amp solutions 5 4 4 Application Template sincude api _twim h f GLOBAL VARIABLES bb ai e Do SSSR DR SD RS See aaa Re RS To es ed ep ess DE TW IMO CONTEXT TW IMO Context TWIMOG RADIO TX RadioTxDataStruct TWIG RADIO RE RadioRsDatastmuct TAIM O INIT Stein Strict frit th ie oo mi Application arablecs EITE nm a br Madd your code here FUNCTION ee maini fr 1 jo sd ee ee a a k A TELLE 2 Global variables imitialis ation ee ON EU E Pee ON EN EN f f Add your code here fet eee See Pb sees See eee eee eee eee eee AAO ni a ssl aah we np ae amp UNE RRP RRR See we i TWIN APY Systeminitf asysteminitstruct oe F RRRERERERRRRRERER RE ser Application intialisation eessseessenens PAddyour code here fc while 1 i pans TETIERE TWIMO background task a chases TWIN APY odio Bockground Taska Syst tract Infinite loop lt gt Background task ses ese EEE EE E E EE Dh RER REE FRERE User Application Background task sessesese fs code here i 1 i 5 5 TWIMO API how to use it Adeunis RF is providing the customer with a demonstration package containing the following elements e A cfile app_main
16. ODUCT To get a RTTE COMPLIANT END PRODUCT with the ready to use version user or integrator must follow the integration proposed in the ADEUNIS RF TWIMO SK ARF7659B or ARF7659C Please have a look on the TWIMO SK user guide www adeunis rf com for information about schematics PCB battery antenna software version If one of the conditions described in the SK user guide is not respected or is modified additional normative tests will be necessary on the end product to ensure the RT TE conformity As the integration of a radio module requires wireless technological knowledge ADEUNIS RF proposes its technical proficiency to its customers for a pre compliance qualification of end products If the software of the module is changed or modified the module becomes a programmable version and looses the CE conformity PROGRAMMABLE versions ARF7734 ARF7735 ARF7736 For these versions the RF behavior of the product and of the module will among others depend on the software included by the user or integrator in the module Thus e There is no sense to speak about CE conformity of the module e The RTTE conformity of the end product shall have to be evaluated with the module integrated the final software According the customer software conformity of the end product shall be evaluated case by case Moreover as the integration of a radio module requires wireless technological knowledge ADEUNIS RF proposes its technical proficiency to its
17. PI_Radio_ReceiveData struct TWIMO_INIT struct TWIMO_RADIO _RX This function takes 2 parameters e A pointer to an instance of the TWIMO_INIT structure cf chapter 5 4 3 for the definition of this structure e A pointer to an instance of the TWIMO RADIO RX structure cf chapter 5 4 3 for the definition of this struc ture The TWIMO RADIO RX structure basically contained 3 fields e Input parameter A pointer to the destination buffer that is the buffer onto which the received data will be TWIMO_Module_V1 4_user_guide 26 Es Adeutis ues Vireless products amp solutions stored Caution as the application does not know in advance what the received packet s size will be it must allo cate room for the maximum size which is 60 bytes e Output parameter The size in bytes of the received packet s payload The size is comprised between 1 and 60 bytes e Output parameter The Source address of the received packet address of the remote sender device value between 0x00 and OxFE From the API function point of view the first field is an input parameter and the two last fields are output parame ters This function returns TWIMO_NOK_2 when no data have been received that is the reception FIFO is empty else the function returns TWIMO_OK li Description This function is in charge of extracting a data buffer from the reception FIFO which can contain up to 4 buffers and copy the data onto the buffer pass
18. TX This function takes 2 parameters e A pointer to an instance of the TWIMO_INIT structure cf chapter 1 5 4 for the definition of this structure e A pointer to an instance of the TWIMO RADIO TX structure cf chapter 1 5 4 for the definition of this struc ture The TWIMO RADIO TX structure basically contained 3 fields e Input parameter A pointer to the source buffer that is the buffer containing the data to be sent over the radio e Input parameter The size in bytes of the data buffer The size must be comprised between 1 and 60 bytes maximum e Input parameter The Destination address address of the remote receiver device to whom the data are intended to value between 0x00 and OxFF This field is ignored by the API function if Transparent mode is selected OxFF is a broadcast address From the API function point of view those 3 fields are input parameters This function returns TWIMO OK if the data has been accepted and TWIMO NOK T if the data cannot be accepted because the transmit FIFO is full If TWIMO OK is returned the application code can release its source buffer li Description This function is in charge of inserting the data buffer onto the transmission FIFO which can contain up to 4 buffers The data will then be sent over the air as soon as the radio engine will be available for it 5 4 1 04 TWIMO_API_Radio_ReceiveData i Prototype Here is the function prototype TWIMO_ERROR_CODE TWIMO_A
19. aPayloadSize Uints SourceAddress TWIMO RADIO RX TWIMO_Module_V1 4_user_guide 29 Es ZI pe Adeunis ues Vireless products amp solutions IN DataBufferPtr is a pointer to a memory buffer where the data received from the radio will be stored This buffer must be of size max which is 60 bytes OUT DataPayloadSize is the size of the received packet s payload Value comprises between 1 and 60 bytes OUT SourceAddress is the address of the remote sender device Value comprises between 0 and 254 5 4 3 TWIMO firmware operating The figure below gives an overview of the firmware operating 7 Background User Application 7 Background Task Task API_Radio SendData TWIMO APIs API_Radio_ReceiveData TWIMO firmware Transmission FIFO Reception FIFO 7 Outgoing Radio Packet Incoming Radio Packet The TWIMO firmware can basically be seen as a completely independant task which is running in background and which purpose is to handle the transmission and reception of radio frames When the application calls the TWIMO API Radio SendData function a new element is put onto the trans mission FIFO FIFO size is 4 elements Then the application does not have to deal with the transmission of the packet over the radio The TWIMO firmware will proceed with the packet radio transmission as soon as it can When receiving a radio packet the TWIMO firmware puts a new element onto the reception FIFO F
20. at the uC access is locked for security reason So it is up to the user to unlock the flash memory in order to be able to flash it again or to be able to debug its application For this the user must run the STM flash loader 5 6 Code Integration Here are the constraints that have to be taken into account when integrating application code with the TWIMO API firmware 5 6 1 Application background task execution It is important for the user to make sure that the application firmware does not prevent the TWIMO firmware from properly operating to prevent packet loss from happening this means that the application background task should be as short as possible in order to let the TWIMO background task to execute on a regular basis The latency allowed between 2 consecutives call to this function mainly depends on 2 parameters The radio data rate which is employed The inter frame duration employed The higher the data rate the lower is the allowed latency By the same token the lower the inter frame duration the lower is the allowed latency SO as a general rules it is recommended to cut out as much as possible the background processing To give an order of magnitude If there is no constraint on the inter frame duration then the max latency allowed will be about 10ms NB 3 ms MB and 2 ms WB In case there is harsh constraint on the inter frame duration for instance back to back packet then the max latency allowed might fall down to 3 m
21. band system Medium band operating characteristics High Power Medium Power Power 3 4 3 Wide band system Wide band operating characteristics Ca Power 102 3 4 4 Summary The table below summarizes the frequency channel output power data rate combination allowed according to the normative requirements TWIMO module ARF7581 HP868 ARF7580 MP868 Narrow Band 869 500 MHz 869 500 MHz 10kbps 869 525 MHz 869 525 MHz 869 550 MHz 869 550 MHz Middle Band 869 525 MHz 869 525 MHz 38 4kbps 868 120 MHz 868 170 MHz 868 220 MHz 868 270 MHz 868 320 MHz 868 370 MHz 868 420 MHz 868 470 MHz Wide Band 1 869 525 MHz 27dBm 869 525 MHz 17dBm 57 6kbps TWIMO_Module_V1 4_user_guide 18 ndeg ees Vireless products amp solutions 4 Firmware upgrade Firmware upgrade is possible through the UART only Tx and Rx are required communication link The Boot signal must be maintained to Vcc 3 3v while resetting the module that is low level on Reset pin for 500 ms The module enters a bootloading mode which enables the user to proceed with a firmware upgrade The STM32 flash loader application must be used on the PC side to download the binary The STM32 flash loader application can be executed from a user friendly graphical interface but also from the Windows command line more information and download can be found on Adeunis RF website www adeunis rf com TWIMO_Module_V1 4_user_guide 19 ad EE ue
22. ber of reflow Lead finish of the package Termination description for resistor and capacitor chips presence of nickel barrier or not The worst case MSL level is 3 it is about U2 and U4 Other parts are level 1 classified Most parts are compliant with max peak temperature of 260 C during 10 seconds RG1 andU4 are able to withs tand 260 C for 40 seconds U2 is able to withstand only 250 C Most parts are compatible with 3 reflows Only 0201 ROHM resistors are supposed to withstand only two reflows All resistors and capacitors have nickel barriers in their terminations which is necessary to avoid leaching effect 6 3 Risk linked to number of reflows aing Pee ball reflow solering before SMT soldering drying to board NE Eu Number of possible COMMENTS reflows PCB of module of module Pon fo ts of modul Only resistors Rohm 0201 ner ee 2 mr 4 most 3 DRE 2 reflows PCB of mother board of mother board board All component reference can withstand 2 reflows of more then it is no significant risk from this point of view But for drying steps we will recommend to choose the lowest possible temperature gt lt TWIMO_Module_V1 4_user_guide 34 Adee eu Vireless products amp solutions ASSEMBLY RISK ANALYSIS RISK LEVEL DETAIL POTENTIAL RISK IDENTIFIED RECOMMENDATION RISK KILLING al obsolescence identify obsolete references res capa chip leaching during soldering nickel barrier pr
23. c containing an application template i e the main function and all the global variables needed for the TWIMO API code to execute properly The purpose of this application is to demonstrate how to make use of the TWIMOP API to send and receive data over the radio link e A c file app_it c containing most of the interrupt vectors available for the user application e A h file api_twimo h containing the TWIMO API s global structures definition the define constant needed and the TWIMO API function prototypes e An icf file containing the memory section and placement information The user must include this file into its development workspace IAR The Stack and Heap size may be changed in this file However it is recom mended to the user not to change the other parameters e Astartup file in charge of all the initialization TWIMO_Module_V1 4_user_guide 31 Ade E ues Vireless products amp solutions e An IAR development tool workspace template with correct option settings e The STM32 peripherals driver library e The TWIMO API firmware which is provided as a library of functions a file The purpose of this demonstration package is to help the user to quickly get started with the TWIMO API func tions and all the aspects pertaining to the code generation tool environment NB by default all modules delivered by Adeunis RF to customer contains the Ready To Use Adeunis RF appli cation in it On top of th
24. cture contains pointer to the context of all the block of the TWIMO firmware The user needs to declare an instance of this struc ture cf example of Application based on TWIMO API It is kindly recommended to refer to Adeunis RF for the choice of the Radio_FreqChannel Radio_DataRate Radio _OutputPower combination Indeed this choice must match the RTTE recommendations TWIMO_RADIO_CHANNEL TWIMO_RADIO_DATARATE TWIMO_RADIO_OUTPOWER TWIMO_RADIO __ MAC TWIMO_RADIO_ADDRESSING TWIMO_RADIO_MODULE and TWIMO_RADIO_ROLE are typedef ENUM defined in the api_twimo h interface file 5 4 2 02 TWIMO_RADIO_TX TWIMO_RADIO_TX is a typedef structure containing the user settable parameters Here is below the structure definition typedef struct TWIMO_RADIO_TX Uint8 DataBufferPtr Uints DataBufferSize Uints DestinationAddress TWIMO_RADIO_TX IN DataBufferPtr is a pointer to the memory buffer containing the data to send over the air IN DataBufferSize is the data buffer size Value comprises between 1 and 60 bytes IN DestinationAddress is the address of the remote receiver device Value comprises between 0 and 255 This field is ignored if in Transparent mode NB The value 255 corresponds to a broadcast address 5 4 2 03 TWIMO_RADIO_RX TWIMO_RADIO_RX is a typedef structure containing the user settable parameters Here is below the structure definition typedef struct TWIMO_RADIO_RX Uint8 DataBufferPtr Uint8 Dat
25. ed in parameter This function must be called on a regular basis in order to make sure that no overflow occurs at the reception FIFO level In case of overflow there is a risk of packet loss If Addressed mode is selected cf chapter 5 4 3 TWIMO_INIT structure definition the TWIMO firmware will automatically filter out received packet whom destination address does not match the local device address If there is a match then the received packet will be put into the reception FIFO If Transparent mode is selected cf chapter 5 4 3 TWIMO_INIT structure definition the TWIMO firmware will put every received packet into the reception FIFO 5 4 1 05 TWIMO_API_GetFirmwareVersion i Prototype Here is the function prototype void TWIMO_API_GetFirmwareVersion uint8_t This function takes 1 parameter pointer to a string of character The string of character must be at least 23 character This function does not return anything li Description This function returns the firmware version 5 4 2 TWIMO API data structure 5 4 2 01 TWIMO_INIT TWIMO_INIT is a typedef structure containing the user settable parameters Here is below the structure defini tion TWIMO_Module_V1 4_user_guide 27 Ad ums ues Vireless products amp solutions typedef struct TWIMO_INIT TWIMO_RADIO_CHANNEL TWIMO_RADIO_DATARATE TWIMO_RADIO_OUTPOWER TWIMO_ RADIO_MAC TWIMO_RADIO_ADDRESSING Uints TWIMO_RADIO_ MODULE TWIMO_RADIO_ROLE Uints Ui
26. es below the low batt detect threshold 3 3 7 Synchronous TDMA mode The slot duration is fixed and set to the time it would take to send over the radio a packet with the maximum size that is 60 bytes e So for Narrow band communication the slot duration is equal to gt 70 ms e For Medium band communication the slot duration is equal to gt 20 ms e So for Wide band communication the slot duration is equal to gt 15 ms As said in previous chapter cf 3 1 2 2 the cycle duration is equal to the slot duration multiply by the number of slot However to be compliant with the authorities certification the radio system must respect certain duty cycle in terms of transmit duration For instance on the 869 525 MHz channel the duty cycle is 10 which means that any single equipment should not transmit for more than 10 of the time As a consequence for a TDMA network with less than 10 equipments the cycle duration is equal to the slot duration multiply by 10 Then for a TDMA network with 10 or more equipment the cycle duration is equal to the slot duration multiply by the actual number of slot This adjustment is automatically carried out by the module s embedded firmware TWIMO_Module_V1 4_user_guide 17 Ade we ues Vireless products amp solutions 3 4 Radio characteristics 3 4 1 Narrow band system Narrow band operating characteristics High Power Medium Power Power 3 4 2 Medium
27. esence check res capa chips origin of components no well identifi identification of original references behind references from distributors all maximum temperature achievable is check for temperature time to fit with reflow thermal profile large SMT plastic package high moisture sensitivity check MSL levels of the various references Consider this module has same level of sensitivity as the worst component of the itivi module ie level 3 less than 10 RH this is stopping the clock and you can do reflow 2 with low risk paragraph 4 1 2 1 JSTD 033 if time between first package opening and fct test is larger than 1 week then baking will have to be done before reflow 2 90 C 24h if time is less than 10 days 33 hours if time is higher than 10 days moisture sensitivity moisture sensitivity If long storage in various areas has to be done between reflow 1 and reflow 2 then it is better to dry the parts after FCT test and put them in MBB bags under moisture sensitivity vacuum with humidity indicator and dessicant no compatibility with lead free bare posare rez assembly Joie ranstion temperature verficatonforcurentFRAPCB s ph nomenon check for thicknesses of gold 0 07 to 0 1 mm and Nickel 4 to 5 microns oe RE a a moisture sensitivity ae after reflow 1 AOI and FCT test provided that time between first pakage opening and fct test is less than 1 week store the mod
28. f RAM memory this does not take into account the stack space needed In spite of the fact that the TWIMO API code requires only 20 Kbytes of flash only 16 Kbytes of flash memory are left for the user to put its application code 5 3 5 Peripheral GPIO ADC DAC Communication etc Available peripherals e Up to 3 USARTs can be used simultaneously e Another possible configuration is 1 USART 1 12C and 1 SPI simultaneously All pin can also behave like GPIO When configured as GPIO only pin 6 8 21 23 26 amp 27 will have interupt capa bility As of now Adeunis RF doesn t provide any peripheral s driver However ST provides a peripheral s library which enables the user to quickly get started with using the peripherals Please contact us for any additional details For any information related to the peripheral implementation the user must report to the microcontroller User Manual 5 3 6 Hardware Timer u 4 6 8 28 8 2 Three 16 bit timers are available each one with 4 Output Compare Input Capture PWM counter TIM2 3 4 One 24 bit systick timer is also available Two of the three 16 bit timers are dedicated to the radio management TIM3 and TIM2 So only the TIM4 remains available for the user The 24 bit systick timer is used by the TWIMO API code as a free running timer in order to provide a 1 ms time base 5 3 7 DMA TWIMO_Module_V1 4_user_guide 22 Ande FE ues Vireless products amp soluti
29. f chapter 1 5 4 for the definition of this structure This function returns TWIMO_OK if everything went OK and TWIMO NOK 4 if something went wrong with the initialization il Description This function is in charge of carrying out all the hardware and software initializations required for the TWIMO firmware to work This function configures e The system clock e The radio register e The uC hardware peripherals SPl_1 DMA1_CH2 3 6 7 TIM2 3 SysTick timer GPIO configuration Inter rupt e The memory buffering system e The software contexts e Etc This function must be invoked at the beginning of the application program cf Adeunis Application example 5 4 1 02 TWIMO_API_Radio_BackgroundTask i Prototype Here is the function prototype void TWIMO API Radio BackgroundTask struct TWIMO_INIT This function takes 1 parameter e A pointer to an instance of TWIMO_INIT structure cf chapter 1 5 4 for the definition of this structure This function does not return anything il Description This function must be regularly invoked in background by the application code cf chapter 5 6 Integration TWIMO_Module_V 1 4_user_guide 25 a Adeutta ues Vireless products amp solutions This function is the main part of the radio driver 5 4 1 03 TWIMO _API_ Radio SendData i Prototype Here is the function prototype TWIMO_ERROR_CODE TWIMO API Radio SendData struct TWIMO_INIT struct TWIMO_RADIO_
30. is built up and put into the transmission FIFO buffer Then the packet will be sent over the air as soon as the radio engine becomes available for transmission 3 3 2 Data flow Radio data rate and serial data rate must be carefully chosen in order to avoid losing data If the radio data rate is higher than the serial data rate The bottleneck will occur on the receiver side On the radio transmitter side an inter frame time must be respected in order to avoid overrun on receiver side If the radio data rate is lower than the serial data rate The bottleneck will occur on the transmitter side The radio transmitter will not be able to send data fast enough to release the buffer for new data To solve this problem the serial hardware flow control must be used So the host connected to the transmitter equipment will wait for the buffer to become free before sending new data 3 3 3 Packet format Find below a description of the TWIMO packet format TWIMO_Module_V1 4_user_guide 15 Es Ad ues Vireless products amp solutions The Preamble duration depends on the radio data rate selected through the register 200 e For narrow band communication i e 10 kbps the preamble duration is 20 ms that is 25 bytes length e For medium band communication i e 38 4 kbps the preamble duration is 6 5 ms that is 32 bytes length e For wide band communication i e 57 6 kbps the preamble duration is 5 ms that is 36 bytes length The pur
31. l hard CTS Usart___sup__ 1g 7 ma ware integration of the TWIMO RTU 3 3v J Sn module n a 22 23 L ma 24 25 n a a 23 n a Note the n a pins are set in high L B L D impedance state e The Reset pin enables to reset TWIMO API programmable module the module by applying a low level Gnd signal PIN CONFIGURATIONS The Boot pin enables to upgrade the flash memory content Iz F When not used this pin must be c ie as connected to the ground via a aw A r ene pull down 47k resistor free 6 7 qm Denel e The USART TX RX RTS CTS e D are TTL signals free 12 13 free e Free indicates that those pin can her Fe be used as needed by the cus 3 3y pu tomer please refer to program free 22 23 free mable part of this manual free 24 25 free free 26 27 free 8 29 free L L 1 5 Antenna ADEUNIS RF will assist you in your choice of antennas so as to optimize the performance of your products Feel free to contact us for more information We suggest the schematic below Ligne 50 SMA COUDE TWIMO_Module_V1 4_user_guide Ade we ues Vireless products amp solutions e The footprint of the inductor and capacitor are useful to ensure good impedance matching between antenna and TWIMO modules The values will depend on the working RF frequency and characteristics of the antenna e The SMA connector can be bent or straight depending on the selected antenna but is not essential We could
32. n I O pin when 8 pins are sourced at the same time TWIMO_Module_V1 4_user_guide TTL ports CMOS ports oO Oo on on 0 65Vpp TTL port lo t8mA 2 7 V lt Vpp lt 3 6V CMOS port lo 8mMmA 2 7 V lt Vpp lt 3 6V lo 20mMmA 2 7 V lt Vpp lt 3 6V lo 6mMmA 2 V lt Vpp lt 2 7V Es Adeutis us Vireless products amp solutions 2 TWIMO concept The idea behind TWIMO is to provide the user with a module which is ready for sending and receiving data over a radio link thus enabling the user to focus on the development of its application The aim is to relieve the user of having to deal with the complex radio management TWIMO comes in two different versions e A Ready To Use version e Programmable version Both versions use the same hardware base The difference lies in the firmware which is running in the module However from the user standpoint both versions of the firmware provide an abstraction layer in charge of the radio operating management 2 1 Ready to Use version configurable RF gateway The Ready To Use version is intended for user willing to embed a radio functionality onto their already existing electronic design In the Ready To Use version the module operates in a standalone way and behaves like a Serial lt gt RF gateway So in this case the user has to interface the module with a host processor where the application code will be running Here is below re
33. n is used to reset the module Reset occurs when this pin is put to low for at least 500 ms e Pin 9 is the Boot pin This pin is used to set the module in bootload mode This mode can be used to upgrade the flash content 5 3 Resources availability and partitioning The hardware resources available must be shared between the TWIMO API code and the user application code The TWIMO API code being in charge of the radio management a lot of resources are required 5 3 1 Flash memory The module s microcontroller has got 64 Kbytes of flash memory This memory is used to e Store and execute code Store constant variable 5 3 2 RAM memory The module s microcontroller has got 10 Kbytes of RAM memory This memory is used to e Store local variables e Store a copy of the global variables used in TWIMO API code the purpose is to speed up the API code execution TWIMO_Module_V1 4_user_guide 21 Es Adeutis ues Vireless products amp solutions e Store the stack and heap API code requires a certain amount of stack default value in icf file Then it is up to the user to increase this size if required 5 3 3 E2PROM memory e The uC does not contain EZPROM memory So flash memory must be used to emulate E2PROM E2PROM memory driver are not provided by Adeunis RF 5 3 4 TWIMO firmware requirement in terms of memory The TWIMO API library Radio API occupies about 20 KBytes of flash memory and requires about 3 Kbytes o
34. nchronous the transmission of a radio packet starts as soon as one of the 2 following conditions is met TWIMO_Module_V 1 4_user_guide 14 a Adguttz ues Vireless products amp solutions e The number of character received from the serial link is equal to the maximum packet size i e 60 bytes e A silence greater then 100ms has been detected on the serial link since the reception of the last character 3 3 1 Modem state machine The internal system architecture is made up of 2 software tasks e 1 task dedicated to the management of the Transmission path i e path going from the serial link to the radio link and e 1 task dedicated to the management of the Reception path i e path going from the radio link to the serial link Both tasks make use of different FIFO buffer As a consequence the Transmission and Reception path are completely independent Basically it means that data coming from the serial link will be accepted even if a radio frame is being demodulated Both the transmission and reception FIFO contains 4 buffers Waiting for the radio engine to be available for transmission the system will be able to buffer up to 4 consecutives data frame coming from the serial link So by default the system is waiting for incoming data on the serial link and waiting for incoming data on the radio link On the serial link side as soon as one of the two conditions mentionned before see 3 3 is met a radio pac ket
35. nts struct TWIMO_CONTEXT TWIMO_INIT Radio_FreqChannel Radio_DataRate Radio_OutputPower Radio_MediumAccess Radio_AdressingMode Radio_DeviceAddress Radio_ModuleType Radio _DeviceRole Radio _TdmaNetworkSlotNum Radio _TdmaSlotOffset Twimo_Context_Ptr Radio_FreqChannel enables the user to select the frequency communication channel Around 70 frequency channels between 863 Mhz and 870 MHz are available to the user Radio _DataRate enables the user to select the air data rate There are 3 possible values 10 kbps 38 4 kbps and 57 6 kbps Radio _OutputPower enables the user to select the radiated RF power There are 3 possible values which are different depending on the Radio ModuleType setting 10 dBM 14 dBm and 17 dbm for Medium Power module and 20 dBM 23 dBm and 27 dbm for High Power module Radio MediumAccess enables the user to select the medium access scheme As explained in the TWIMO User Guide there exist 2 possible schemes Asynchronous or Synchronous also referred as TDMA Radio_AdressingMode enables the user to select the addressing mode As explained in the TWIMO User Guide there exist 2 possibilities Transparent or Addressed Radio_DeviceAddress enables the user to select an address value between 0x00 and OxFE for the local device In Synchronous mode TDMA this field is used to allocate a slot position in the TDMA cycle the value 0x00 is reserved for the Master device In transmission
36. ons The microcontroller embeds a 7 channel DMA controller Here is below the different channel with their possible usage extracted from STM32 User Manual Channels 2 3 6 and 7 are not available to the user application code since they are dedicated to the radio driver operating So only DMA channels 1 4 and 5 remain available for the user application code 5 3 8 GPIO Interrupt line and vectors Peripherals Channel 1 Channel 4 Channel 5 REC acer OT saves t SPI2 2S2_A SPIH2S2 T USART i USARTI TX USARTI_RX PG pooo I2C2 TX I2C2 AX Til Tila CHT Tiki CH TIM4 CHS The interrupt vectors associated with peripherals that are free for the application are available for use by the application code However the interrupt vector associated with the GPIO that are free for the application are not all available to the application code Indeed some of the GPIO interrupt lines are multiplexed on a single interrupt line this is the case for interrupt lines 5 6 7 8 and 9 as well as for interrupt lines 10 11 12 13 14 and 15 It happens that interrupt line 6 7 8 9 and 13 are dedicated to the radio driver operating As a consequence the interrupt vector corresponding to the interrupt line onto which line 6 7 8 and 9 are mul tiplexed is not available to the application code The same applies for the interrupt vector corresponding to the hardware interrupt line onto which line 10 11 12 13 14 and 15 are multi
37. ource Address local device PP ag ale a default value 1 Value O is reserved for master device in Immediate from 1 to 254 TDMA mode TDMA device slot offset Applies only if register 206 1 from 1 to 49 Value O is reserved for master device EERE URE Destination Address remote device Applies only if register 204 1 ieaaadicke from 0 to 255 225 is Broadcast DC Free Scrambling the user data before radio 0 Disable transmission so to prevent DC bias in the 1 Enable transmitted signal For test purposes only If the voltage goes below 2 6V an Low Bat detect Level onboard LED will light and the radio will stop working The user must reset the module Number of slots inTDMA network _ from 2 to 50 Applies only if register 206 1 At next reset 3 2 4 Default settings By default the USART is configured at 9600 baud with no flow control enabled 8 bit data 1 stop bit and no parity The default radio settings are narrow band 10 kbps on frequency channel 869 525 MHz with an output power set to the maximum value that is 27dBm for HP module and 17dBm for MP module The default medium access scheme is asynchronous in transparent mode 3 3 Communication mode Sending and Receiving datas The communication is always half duplex By default the radio is in reception mode waiting for an incoming packet It goes to transmission mode when datas have to be sent Whatever the medium access scheme whether it is asynchronous or sy
38. plexed The reason why this access is not given is because it may jeopardizes the radio operating So this is below the GPIO lines for which an interrupt vector is available to the application code NB It is important to note the following pin 8 and pin 23 of the module cannot be simultaneously connected to OpC Interruptline_ PAO the interrupt line number 1 5 3 9 Interrupt vector priority TWIMO_Module_V1 4_user_guide 23 Adee us Vireless products amp solutions It is important to grant high priority to interrupt vector involved in the radio driver operating So this is below the list of available interrupt vectors as well as the priorities assigned to each of them The interrupt vectors involved in the TWIMO firmware have a fixed and higher priority than the interrupt vectors Priority o Interrupt Vector i Sub Priority Settable Premption h i Reset Watchdog High 0 1 2 3 Core interrupt NMI etc Crea C Frea Fixed marcha Frea TwIMotirmware Fixed Fixed Fixed EXTIO Settable Settable Settable Settable Settable DMAlch1 Settable _ Application code DMAich4 Settable interrupt DMAlchS Settable Settable USART1 2 3 Settable PI2 Settable 12C Settable Settable reserved for the application code The purpose is to make it possible for TWIMO s interrupt vectors to preempt the Application s interrupt vector if needed By default the priority of
39. pose of the preamble is to enable the receiver to set up the AFC and AGC blocks so to correctly received the subsequent data The Synchronization field is 4 bytes length After the Synchronization bytes the packet contains a 4 bytes packet header The Length field is 1 byte length and contains the length of the Payload plus 1 or 3 bytes depending on the Addressing mode settings to account for the Type byte and the Source and Destination address bytes The Source and Destination address bytes are there only if the register 204 is set to 1 that is Addressed mode selected The Source is the address of the local equipment The Destination field indicates the address of the remote device to whom the packet is intended for Nb in synchronous mode the source byte is always present even if addressing mode is set to transparent So in transmission the Source field contains the transmitter address and the Destination field contains the remote device address So on the receiver side the Destination field is compared with the receiver s Source address to decide whether the packet should be accepted or rejected The Type field 1 byte indicates the type of the packet A packet could be of different type Data packet Control packet etc This field is handled internally by the modem s firmware The user does not have to worry about this field The Payload contains the data message to transmit from one equipment to another The
40. presented the way it works on the transmitter side the module will send data coming from the serial link over the RF link and on the receiver side it will pass the data coming from the RF link to the serial link The communication is half duplex Raw Data he f qe Raw Data i i a a Figure 3 Ready To Use operating 2 2 Programmable version embedding your application in it The Programmable version is intended for user willing to embed their application onto the TWIMO module itself In this case the user is provided with an API library which purpose is to abstract the radio management All the user has to do is to focus on the development of its application code and invoke the API functions when the application needs to send or receive data over the RF link 3 Ready To Use version 3 1 Operating modes The Ready To Use version of the module may be operating in 2 different modes e The command mode amp e The communication mode default mode after reset TWIMO_Module_V1 4_user_guide 9 Adeunis ees Vireless products amp solutions 3 1 1 Command Mode When the module is set to command mode the user is able to send command to the module in order to e Configure its parameters radio parameters serial parameters communications parameters etc e Test its RF characteristics The chapter 3 2 describes all the commands which are available 3 1 2 Communication mode When the module is
41. s NB 0 8 ms MB and 0 5 ms WB 5 6 2 Application interrupt execution By the same token it is very important for the user to make sure that the execution of the interrupt handlers is as short as possible in order to avoid jeopardizing the radio driver operating 5 6 3 Miscellaneous The user must respect all the integration rules regarding the peripheral available the interrupt priority and so on 5 7 Compiling code 5 7 1 Code Generation tool As of now the only tool compatible with the TWIMO firmware is the IAR development tool for ARM A licence free version KickStart version 5 41 is available and might be downloaded from Adeunis web site However this version is limited to 32 Kbytes of compiled code TWIMO_Module_V1 4_user_guide 32 Es Adeunis us Vireless products amp solutions Then the user must switch to a licensed version with a 256 Kbytes limitation 5 7 2 Project Workspace exemple Like mentioned previously Adeunis RF is providing a template of the workspace with the correct option to select in order to be compatible with the TWIMO API firmware 5 8 Bootloading The bootloading will enable the user to upgrade the firmware As of now only serial through USART TX and Rx only bootload is possible To enter bootloader mode the BOOT pin number 9 must be held to high and then the RESET pin number 9 must be pulled down for at least 500 ms 6 Process 6 1 Description of module 7581 A and board ARF
42. s Vireless products amp solutions 5 Programmable version 16 88 GND GND ANTENNA VEC GND GPIO WKUP ADCO RESET GPIOJADCS BOOTO GPIOIUSART1_TX GPIO SPI2_MISO USART3_RTS GPIOJUSART _RX GPIO SPI2_SCK USART3_CTS GPIO USART1_RTS 14 GPIO SPIZ_MOSI GPIO USART1_CTS GPIO SPI2_NSS GND GND VCC GPIO ADC4 GPIO ADCS 22 GPIO ADC1 GPIO USARTS TX2C SCL 2 GPIO USART2_TX ADC2 GND GPIQIUSARTS RX I2C SDA GPIQIUSART2_RX ADCS GPIO ONS ONS ONS OND The Programmable version is intended for user willing to embed their application onto the TWIMO module itself In order to abstract the radio management Adeunis RF provides the user with an API library containing a set of functions used to send and receive data without having to worry about all the complexity involved in the radio operating management In other words all the user has to do is to focus on the development of its application code and invoke the API functions when the application needs to send or receive data over the RF link 5 1 API concept The TWIMO concept consists in e Enabling the user to develop and embed its application onto the module s microcontroller e Providing the user with an Application Programming Interface in charge of abstracting the radio operating So it becomes easy for anyone with programming skills but no radio skills at all to come up with a wireless enabled product A
43. s described further a TWIMO module has got a very rich hardware interface that makes it possible for the user to interface a TWIMO module with a lot of different external hardware peripherals TWIMO_Module_V1 4_user_guide 20 Adeunis eu Vireless products amp solutions 5 2 Hardware Interface description 5 2 1 Pin Description I O uC Default config Interrupt capability Alternate Config 1 Alternate Config 2 Alternate Config 3 6 Po cpio Yes wakeup ADco USART2_CTS TIMER 8 par pO Ys aco TMERR io m GPO no USARTE TX pour a o eo ooo No miso USART3_RTS p12 ao Pio No USARTE Rx 3 es PIO No spl sex f UsaRT3 cts pia m GPO No usns pis f Ps eo o o o TS pte u cpio No usame fJ EE a7 en Pio S No o nss o f USART3 ck 2 s tO no o f aes TIMER 24 o Pio n mmr _ f USArT3 mx ncesc 25 pe pio No TIMER USART3 RX 12C_SDA 26 paz Pro ves ADC 2 USART2 x z7 a to ves srr rx 29 pas pO No _ mo 7 usme the GPIOs are configured as floating inputs e The pin 6 8 23 24 amp 25 can be configured as timer input or output Input Capture Output Compare PWM e Pin 6 can be used to wake up the uC from sleep mode e Pin 3 is the Antenna pin Special care should be taken when designing the antenna in order to obtain an optimal matching e Pin 7 is the Reset pin This pi
44. size of the payload is in the range 1 gt 60 bytes The CRC checksum is a 2 bytes field which enables the receiver to perform error detection 3 3 4 Addressing modes ARE ade Discarded x EquipmentB EquipmentA Receiver Transmitter 3 3 4 01 Transparent mode When Transparent mode is set On the transmitter side the data are sent without any specific destination address So it is up to the user s appli cation to encapsulate the destination address in the payload of the packet TWIMO_Module_V1 4_user_guide 16 ao Adeutis ues Vireless products amp solutions On the receiver side it is up to the user s application to strip off the encapsulated destination address from the received data stream 3 3 4 02 Addressed mode When Adressed mode is set On the transmitter side the data are sent with a specific destination address the value contained in the register 204 Broadcast packet can be sent by using the destination address 255 On the receiver side only the packets whom the destinations address match the local equipment address will be processed The other will be discarded 3 3 5 Receiving mode In reception the TWIMO RF engine employs a preamble detection based mechanism which garantees optimal performances in sensitivity 3 3 6 LED Status The TWIMO module is equipped with an onboard LED e LED blinks following packet reception or packet transmission e LED lights voltage go
45. terface consists of a set of command enabling the user to configure the radio module and run test on the radio module 3 2 1 Entering Command Mode Entering the command mode can be achieved in 2 different ways 3 2 1 01 Through the RS232 serial link Using a specific sequence of ASCII character only upon reset with the serial link speed fixed to 9600 bauds and flow control disabled The sequence of character to use is the following gt Hold the key pressed and reset the module gt Wait for the module to send the O character gt Send the K character to the module gt The module will send the message CMD MODE ON when entering the command mode TWIMO_Module_V 1 4_user_guide 11 Add We eu Vireless products amp solutions ATEX see fig 7 command does not enable to switch to communication mode The user must reset the module 3 2 1 02 Through a dedicated pin of the module pin n 8 Cmd_ Mode gt Upon reset using a level detection the level must be held for at least 500ms in this case the serial link speed is fixed to 9600 bauds and flow control is disabled gt During execution using rising edge detection in this case the serial link speed and flow control type are set with user s setting ATEX see fig 7 command allows you to quit the command mode ONLY if During execution procedure has been chosen to enter command mode If not chosen the user must reset the module 3 2 2
46. the application s interrupt vectors are set to 2 and the sub priority is set to 0 If needed the user may also use a level 3 of priority and level 1 2 or 3 for the sub priority The sub priority is there to determine the order of execution in case there are multiple pending interrupt with the same priority level 5 3 10 CPU Frequency The CPU frequency is set to about 16 MHz 15 75 MHz exactly As of now only one frequency operating is avai lable In the future Adeunis RF will be offering other CPU frequencies in order to better fit the application require ment for instance a 2 or 4 MHz CPU frequency for battery powered application a 24 or 32 MHz CPU frequency for application with hard real time constraints Then user should not attempt to change the CPU frequency by himself since the radio related timing are computed considering a 16MHz CPU clock 5 4 API TWIMO TWIMO_Module_V1 4_user_guide 24 Es ZI pe Adeunis ues Vireless products amp solutions This chapter presents all the TWIMO API functions parameter s return value and description This chapter also describes all the data structures that the user has to manipulate in order to use the API func tions 5 4 1 Radio related APIs 5 4 1 01 TWIMO_API_Systemlnit i Prototype Here is the function prototype TWIMO_ERROR_CODE TWIMO_API_SystemInit struct TWIMO_INIT This function takes 1 parameter e A pointer to an instance of the TWIMO_INIT structure c
47. this address will always appear as the source address in the packet header refer to TWIMO User Guide In reception this address will be compared with the receive packet s destination address to decide on the packet acceptance Radio _ModuleType enables the user to select the type of radio module he is working on There are 2 possibili ties MP Medium Power or HP High Power Radio_DeviceRole enables the user to select the role of the local device when Synchronous TDMA mode is selected There are 2 possibilities Master or Slave Please refer to the TWIMO User Guide for more information about TDMA mode Radio_TdmaNetworkSlotNum enables the user to select the total number of slot which corresponds to the total number of devices involved in the TDMA network including the Master device The minimum value is 0x02 and the maximum value is 50 Radio _TdmaSlotOffset enables the user to select the slot offset for the local device The slot offset in relative TWIMO_Module_V1 4_user_guide a Adguttz ues Vireless products amp solutions to the Master slot that is equal to 0x00 gives the slot into which the device will transmit its data The value 0x00 is reserved for the Master device So the possible values for a Slave device are 0x01 gt OxFF total number of devices involved in the TDMA network including the Master device Twimo_Context_Ptr is a pointer to an instance of the TWIMO CONTEXT structure This stru
48. to schematics next page Notes 1 at end of drying let the parts come back to room temperature slowly to avoid condensation 2 take care that reel material cannot withstand 90 C Then it is needed to dry prior reeling Reeling should occur within a few hours after drying 6 4 Risk Management for Moisture sensitivity Sensitive components and module PCB are 1 4 mm thick packings opening reflow 1 T zero 7 days T zero 10 days T zero module reflow 2 module O on mother board Drying and vacuum packing should be done after module assembly and test because there is low chance that reflow 2 occurs less than 7 a or 10 days b after reflow 1 In addition atmosphere may be uncontrolled during transportation in term of RH Drying at 90 C is better than 125 C in term of component and solder joint ageing provided that drying occurs less than 10 days after T zero 24 hours drying is enough if drying occurs more than 10 days after T zero 36 hours drying is necessary to reset the moisture sensitivity clock TWIMO_Module_V1 4_user_guide 36 Adeunis eu Vireless products amp solutions 6 5 Soldering curve ma Enregisteur de temp rature multicanal D Methodes PROCESS Profils ALPHA ARF 7 686A dat L OX File RT 03 Graphique Instruments Options Aide S KAXA ecaa NIN S i Sampling ms sn Sule SN PC 166 0 156 0 146 0 ns HAE 136 0 EET LE Ae nonta 126 0 am AE 20142010
49. ule 7581 A and board ARF 7628 B 33 6 2 BOM analysis 34 6 3 Risk linked to number of reflows 34 6 4 Risk Management for Moisture sensitivity 36 6 5 Soldering curve 37 TWIMO_Module_V1 4_user_guide Adee eu Vireless products amp solutions TWIMO REGULATORY CONSIDERATIONS Ready to Use versions ARF7580AA amp ARF 7581AA DECLARATION OF CONFORMITY CE0081 We ADEUNIS RF 283 rue LOUIS NEEL 38920 CROLLES FRANCE declare under our own responsibility that the TWIMO modules ARF7580AA amp ARF7581AA to which this declara tion refers conforms with the relevant standards or other standardising documents e EN 300 220 2 v2 1 2 2007 06 e EN 300 220 2 V2 3 1 2010 02 e EN 60950 1 2001 A11 2004 e EN50371 2002 EN62311 2008 EN50385 2008 e EN301 489 1 v1 8 1 2008 04 e EN 301 489 3 v1 4 1 2002 08 e EN 62311 2008 According to the RTTE Directive 99 5 EC Notes e Conformity has been evaluated according to the procedure described in Annex IV of the RTTE directive Statement of opinion from a notify body N 102158 604317 1 2 e Conformity has been evaluated with ARF7580AA module integrated on ADEUNIS RF TWIMO Starter Kit ARF7659B and with ARF7581AA module integrated on ADEUNIS RF TWIMO Starter Kit ARF7659C e According to the 1999 519 EC RF signal recommendations a minimum distance of 10cm between the product and the body is required e Receiver class if applicable 2 RTTE COMPLIANT END PR
50. ules in dry cabinet with ASSEMBLY RISK ANALYSIS CONT ED RISK LEVEL DETAIL POTENTIAL RISK IDENTIFIED RECOMMENDATION RISK KILLING not enough solder along the implementation of a 150 or 175 micron stencil to ensure enough solder fillet in PRINTING module connections the half circle side pads edge soldering areas of the module solder balling during reflow PRINTING soldering component reduce aperture size by 150 microns in width and length versus the pad size COMPONENT _ machine is at the capability limit to ia Check for specification of placement machines JUKI FX1R in term of weight PLACEMENT place this kind of component and compare with actual weight of the module risk of ageing of the solderjoints of SMT PROCESS REFLOW modules during the reflow of module to mother board assembly peak temperature seems to be 240 C only recommendation measure the body temperature of U2 during the first and the second reflow to check that maximum REFLOW Risk of overheating the temperature is not higher than 250 C for 10 seconds components from modules and from mother board land pattern is 67 larger in length than the leads of the module themselves REFLOW risk of module slip during reflow and 55 larger in width 30 to 40 is generally enough and would limit possible slip of the module during reflow soldering There is no high risk regarding the assembly of the module on mother board since the land pattern is larger than the
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