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1. Guide GFK 1670 Super Capacitor Memory Backup Besides the backup battery the RAM memory circuits in both Embedded and Modular CPUs are further protected by a super capacitor which can store enough charge to maintain memory for a short time if the battery is disconnected The amount of protection time provided by the super capacitor depends on the following e The PLC power supply supplies 5 VDC to the memory circuits including the super capacitor Therefore when PLC power is turned off the super capacitor has an initial 5 VDC charge If the battery is also disconnected shortly after PLC power is turned off the super capacitor will begin discharging from the 5 VDC level until its charge reaches 2 VDC at which time memory contents will be lost When used this way the super capacitor can maintain memory contents for a minimum of 1 hour The memory backup battery supplies 3 VDC to the memory circuits including the super capacitor Therefore if PLC power has been turned off for an hour or more and only the battery is powering the memory circuits the super capacitor has a 3 VDC charge Then if the battery is disconnected the super capacitor will begin discharging from the 3VDC level until its charge reaches 2 VDC at which time memory contents will be lost When used this way the super capacitor can maintain memory contents for a minimum of 20 minutes Maintaining RAM Memory During Storage or Shipment of a CPU Modular CPUs M2. accessed m Safety codes Some users may have safety rules that would not allow replacing the battery with power applied m How is the PLC used Is power left on all the time or is it shut down every day See the heading Factors Affecting Battery Life m Some users run without a backup battery by using one of the PROM options See the section below called Operating Without a Memory Backup Battery to determine if this strategy is suitable for your application The Importance of Backing up your Program Experience has shown that regardless of what strategy you use to maintain PLC memory you should additionally always keep an up to date backup copy of your application program The effort required to create and maintain a backup copy is very small compared to the work required to reprogram or re key from hardcopy your entire application if due to some misfortune it was lost Other suggestions to help minimize down time m Make sure the backup copy is readily accessible to those who may need to use it m Train more than one person to load the backup program in case that one person is not available when needed Information on creating a backup can be found in GE Fanuc s software user s manuals This procedure is also covered in applicable GE Fanuc programming software training courses m Ensure that a suitable computer usually a laptop type is equipped with GE Fanuc PLC programming software and will be readily availabl
3. T QUALITROL L N ERNATIONAL rete This Datasheet is for the IC693ACC301 Backup Battery for RAM Memory http www qualitrol com shop p 1453 7 ic693acc301 aspx Provides the wiring diagrams and installation guidelines for this GE Series 90 30 module For further information please contact Qualitrol Technical Support at 1 800 784 9385 support qualitrol com Chapter Memory Backup and Backup Battery 6 Backup Battery for RAM Memory All Supplies GFK 0356P The long life Lithium battery IC693ACC301 used to maintain the contents of the CMOS RAM memory in the CPU is accessed by removing the cover plate located at the bottom of the power supply faceplate This battery is mounted on a plastic clip attached to the inside of this cover The battery is wired to a small Berg female connector that connects to either of the two Berg male connectors mounted on the Power Supply printed circuit board This battery can be replaced with power applied to the PLC Tk a43833 O OK OREN Low Battery opatty Warning LED BATTERY CONNECTORS Ollollololol a LITHIUM BACK UP BATTERY Battery Cavity Battery Cover Removal Notch Figure 6 1 Backup Battery for RAM Memory If a Low Battery Wa
4. U battery connector Determining Battery Age Using Battery Date Code Battery age can be determined from the date code stamped on the battery The battery manufactured by Panasonic will have a four digit date code It will be something like 5615 or 7Y34 Use the following information to determine the date of manufacture e First digit shows the year in a rotating 10 year cycle For example 0 1990 1 1991 2 1992 9 1999 0 2000 1 2001 2 2002 etc This seeming duplication should not be a problem because the shelf life of these batteries is 5 years Batteries in inventory that are older than 4 years old should be discarded according to the manufacturer s instructions since they have less than one year of life remaining we would not recommend using them in a PLC This will ensure that outdated batteries are not mistaken for newer batteries Second digit shows the month 1 January 2 February 3 March 4 April 5 May 6 June 7 July 8 August 9 September O October Y November Z December Third digit shows the week of the month e Fourth digit shows the day of the week 1 Monday 2 Tuesday 3 Wednesday 4 Thursday 5 Friday 6 Saturday 7 Sunday For example the code 7612 is interpreted as Manufactured on June 3 1997 RAM Memory Battery Backup Connection Path CMOS RAM memory is a volatile type of memory which means that it can lose its contents ladder program configuration etc if power is removed To reta
5. bject to do this and plug in new battery connector m Clip new battery into clip on battery cover m Snap battery cover back onto power supply 6 2 Series 90 30 PLC Installation and Hardware Manual October 1999 GFK 0356P 6 Battery Replacement Memor y Protection Factors Since there are differences in each PLC application each user will have to determine on an individual basis what strategy to use There are several factors to consider when planning a batteryreplacement memory protection strategy How critical is the application Will considerable loss be sustained if the PLC goes down If so frequent replacement of the battery would be a wise choice For critical applications the cost of a battery would be quite low in comparison to the cost of a PLC shut down m How readily can a backup program be loaded Are there technicians on site who know how to load a backup program Is the backup program accessible at all times to those responsible for maintaining the equipment Is a personal computer or equivalent equipped with GE Fanuc programming software available at all times for use in loading the backup program m Do you havea preventive maintenance program A formal program would help ensure that the battery is replaced on time Some users replace the backup battery each year during their annual shut down period m How accessible is the PLC In some applications the PLC may be mounted in a remote location that is not easily
6. e to load the backup program to the PLC m Create a written backup procedure Fortunately restoring your program from the backup copy is probably not something you will do very often As a result however some of the steps could easily be forgotten GFK 0356P Chapter 6 Memory Backup and Backup Battery 6 3 o Factors Affecting Battery Life Replacing your battery once per year is a good rule of thumb However no one can predict precisely how long a backup battery will last because this depends upon what CPU is used what temperature it is subjected to and how it used Considering the following list of factors that affect battery life will help you decide how frequently to replace the battery in your application m A battery that is not in use has an estimated life called its shelf life of 5 years at room temperature 25 degrees C or 77 degrees F m A battery that is used continuously supplying current to memory circuits with PLC power off has an average estimated life of one year for CPU models 331 and above and 2 years for CPU models 311 313 and 323 if used at room temperature m As long asa PLC is powered up its battery is not being used so how often you power down your PLC has a direct affect on battery life Some users keep their PLC powered up all of the time while others turn theirs off every night m Temperature has a relatively large affect on battery life Temperatures considerably above room temperat
7. escribed below may also be used on a Modular CPU baseplate if the power supply has to be removed This would require leaving the CPU module mounted in the baseplate Embedded CPUs Embedded CPU Models 311 313 and 323 can be stored or shipped with a power supply installed and the power supply battery connected in order to maintain the contents of RAM memory However another option that doesn t require the use of a power supply is to use the Battery Accessory Kit described next Battery Accessory Kit IC693ACC315 The Battery Accessory Kit IC693ACC315 lets you maintain RAM memory contents without using a power supply It is useful for maintaining memory contents while a baseplate is being stored or shipped The Battery Accessory Kit consists of a battery with an attached connector mounted on a circuit board The circuit board has a connector that plugs into the power supply backplane connector see the figure below The Battery Accessory Kit can be used on either Embedded or Modular Series 90 30 CPU baseplates Pf a45076 POWER SUPPLY CONNECTOR Figure 6 2 Installing the Battery Accessory Kit Series 90 30 PLC Installation and Hardware Manual October 1999 GEK 0356P 6 Battery Accessory Kit Installation 1 Insert the plug on the end of the battery cable into the 2 pin connector on the Battery Accessory board The battery plug is normally not plugged into the accessory connector This p
8. in RAM memory contents under no power conditions a long life lithium battery is provided This battery is normally mounted in the rack s Power Supply module To avoid accidental disconnection of the memory backup battery it is beneficial to know the connection path between the battery and the memory circuits Series 90 30 PLC Installation and Hardware Manual October 1999 GEK 0356P 6 For embedded CPUs The battery connection path to RAM memory is through the Power Supply s baseplate connector and across the backplane board to the RAM circuits For modular CPUs The battery connection path to RAM memory is through the Power Supply s baseplate connector across the backplane board and through the CPUs baseplate connector to the RAM circuits inside the CPU module Obviously removing the Power Supply module from the PLC breaks the connection between the backup battery and the RAM memory circuits for both embedded and modular CPUs Also in a modular CPU system removing the CPU module would disconnect the backup battery from the memory circuits In addition to avoid the possible problems associated with losing the contents of RAM memory we recommend that you maintain an up to date backup copy of your program folder Instructions for creating program folder backups can be found in the Logicmaster 90 Series 90 30 Programming Software User s Manual GFK 0466 Control User s Guide GFK 1295 and VersaPro Programming Software User s
9. ing device to tell the CPU to write the current PLC RAM memory contents to the PROM device This requirement may make battery less operation undesirable for many users For example in many applications important data is gathered and stored in RAM register memory data such as the current level of material in a tank that is being filled or a running count of parts produced etc This constantly changing data is not being copied automatically to the PROM device It only exists in RAM memory Therefore if power is lost and there is no RAM memory backup battery this data will be lost However one way to preserve data in a battery less system is to send it over a network to a computer that can store the data on its hard drive Also static data data that doesn t change contained in RAM memory such as mathematical constants or look up table type information can be stored initially in PROM and automatically written back to RAM each time the PLC powers up Another consideration is that if you change your program or configuration someone will have to remember to write the changed information to the PROM device If that step is forgotten then the change only exists in RAM memory and in a battery less system it will be lost the next time power is removed from the PLC Configuring a Battery Less System Here are the basic steps to configure a system to run battery less m Equip your CPU with a PROM device On some CPUs a PROM device is p
10. l turn on a warning light An alternate method would be to communicate the status of the coil which in that case would probably be a M coil to a Human to Machine Interface HMI terminal such as a GE Fanuc CIMPLICITY HMI unit The HMI could be programmed to display a warning message when that 6 4 Series 90 30 PLC Installation and Hardware Manual October 1999 GFK 0356P 6 particular bit goes to a logic 1 For more information about System Reference bits and ladder logic programming see the the Series 90 30 20 Micro PLC CPU Instruction Set Reference Manual GFK 0467 Operating Without a Memory Backup Battery Whether it would be to your advantage to use a battery less scheme depends on your application There are various advantages and disadvantages to consider in making your decision Possible Advantage The obvious advantage of operating without a memory backup battery is that you are freed from the need to maintain the battery To be able to run without a battery you need to have a PROM device either an EPROM EEPROM or Flash PROM installed in your system These devices can store program logic configuration and register values without the need for a backup battery and you can configure your CPU to read the contents of PROM into RAM memory each time the PLC is powered up Possible Disadvantages Information is not stored to your PROM device automatically To store information you must stop the PLC then use a programm
11. odular CPUs have an internal connector for a backup battery so that RAM memory contents can be retained while the CPU is being stored or shipped This arrangement should not to be used when the CPU module is installed in the baseplate and the backup battery is installed in the power supply To use a backup battery in the CPU module it is necessary to remove the front cover of the CPU module This can be accomplished by following these steps e Toavoid losing memory contents once the CPU is removed from the PLC we recommend you install the backup battery into the CPU within 20 minutes First make sure PLC power is off then remove the CPU module Gently squeeze the front cover of the CPU module and pull it forward away from the module case while gently pressing in on the 4 front cover tabs sequentially with GFK 0356P Chapter 6 Memory Backup and Backup Battery 6 7 asmall screwdriver The front cover tabs latch into holes on each side of the module case refer to Figure 2 1 for location of front cover holding tabs e After removing the front cover plug the memory backup battery into the two prong battery connector on the front of the CPU module s printed circuit board While the battery is connected to the CPU you will have to leave the CPU s front cover off Also the battery should be temporarily secured to the module with cable ties or tape to keep it from being accidentally damaged or disconnected The Battery Accessory Kit d
12. revents accidental discharge of the battery during storage and handling 2 Align the backplane connector on the Battery Accessory board with the power supply connector on the baseplate backplane Push the Battery Accessory board toward the baseplate until it is fully seated See the figure above 3 Ifthe baseplate is to be shipped with the Battery Accessory board installed ensure that the board is held in place by packing material or cable ties The cable ties can be installed in holes provided on both ends of the accessory board and secured to the baseplate Caution To avoid losing CPU data the Battery Accessory must be installed within 1 hour after turning off PLC power or 20 minutes after removing the memory backup battery See the section Super Capacitor Memory Backup section for details When the Battery Accessory is removed a power supply module with a good battery must be installed and or input power applied within 20 minutes to avoid losing CPU data See the section Super Capacitor Memory Backup section for details Batteries in Power Supplies on Expansion or Remote Racks Batteries in power supplies on Expansion or Remote racks are not in use Only the battery ina CPU rack supplies backup power to RAM memory Batteries in non CPU racks may be removed and used as spares if they meet the age requirements stated previously in this chapter GFK 0356P Chapter 6 Memory Backup and Backup Battery 6 9
13. rning BATT LED turns ON occurs replace the battery located in the power supplybefore removing power from the rack Otherwise there is a possibility that data will be corrupted or the application program will be cleared from memory o Battery Replacement Instructions To avoid the chance of losing the contents of RAM memory you can carefully perform the following steps with PLC power ON This procedure should only be performed by qualified electrical personnel who are trained in applicable electrical safety rules and procedures Failure to follow standard electrical safety practice can result in injury or death to personnel damage to equipment or both m Carefully insert the tip a small pocket size screwdriver approximately 1 4 inch 6 mm into the battery cover removal slot located beneath the battery cover see previous figure m Gently rotate the screwdriver about 45 degrees to loosen the cover m Remove cover with fingers The battery is mounted in a clip on the back of the cover It has a pair of leads with a connector that is plugged in to a connector on a circuit board inside the power supply m Carefully reach into battery cavity with your fingers do not use a metal object to do this and unplug the battery connector m Remove the old battery from the clip on the battery cover and set it aside Be careful not to mix it up with the new battery m Carefully reach into battery cavity with your fingers do not use a metal o
14. urchased as an option on others it is a standard feature The CPU chapter of this manual has a table that identifies the standard PROM configuration for each CPU m There are three CPU configuration parameters involved Configure them as follows Pwr Up Mode RUN Logic Cfg PROM Registers PROM m Store your folder include Program Logic Configuration and Register Data to the PLC This places your entire folder into RAM working memory GFK 0356P Chapter 6 Memory Backup and Backup Battery 6 5 m Write PLC RAM memory to the PROM device Make sure you write all data Program Logic Configuration and Register Data to the PROM Note that the type of PROM device depends on what model CPU you have and how it is equipped m If you are using a 340 or higher CPU such as a CPU350 CPU351 etc read the next section for an additional requirement When configured this way the contents of PROM memory will be written into RAM memory each time the PLC powers up Operation Without a Memory Backup Battery Using a 340 or Higher CPU This information is applicable only to CPU model numbers 340 and higher such as CPU350 CPU351 etc In systems that do not use a memory backup battery a standard 0 1 Berg jumper should be installed across either of the two power supply battery connectors to ensure reliable restarting of the CPU after a power cycle This jumper should not be installed if a battery is plugged into either the power supply or CP
15. ure 25 degrees C or 77 degrees F or below freezing 0 degrees C or 32 degrees F will appreciably shorten battery life m The type of CPU has a small affect on battery life Some CPUs have more memory than others Also some CPUs have a clock and some do not More memory requires more battery current to maintain its contents and a clock requires battery current to maintain its operation Low Battery Warning Methods There are three basic ways that the PLC warns of a low battery m The red BATT LED on the Power Supply module lights when the battery is low The disadvantage of this method is that the PLC is often mounted in an enclosure so this LED might not be easily seen m The PLC Fault Table is updated with a battery low message Viewing the PLC Fault Table requires that a programmer be connected to the PLC m Certain System Reference bits are set to logic 1 when the battery is low These are SA011 LOW_BAT SC009 ANY_FLT S010 SY_FLT and SC012 SY_PRES The most specific is SA011 LOW_BAT This bit could be used as a contact in your ladder logic program to turn on an output that controls a warning light on an operator panel as in the example rung below or to send a warning to an operator interface terminal SA011 QXXX In the rung shown above the SA011 contact will close when a low battery is detected by the PLC This will turn on the Q output coil which addresses an output module s output that wil
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