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Laboratory Manual - South Dakota State University

1. N Nitrosopyrrolidine 930 55 2 Carcinogen N Nitrososarcosine 13256 22 9 Carcinogen Nitrous Oxide Norethisterone Norethindrone 68 22 4 Carcinogen 14 15 O Chemical Name CAS Number Hazard Ochratoxin A 303 47 9 Carcinogen Osmium tetroxide 20816 12 0 High Acute Toxicity Oxadiazon 19666 30 9 Carcinogen Oxygen difluoride gas 7783 41 7 High Acute Toxicity Oxymetholone 434 07 1 Carcinogen Ozone 10028 15 6 High Acute Toxicity 14 16 P Chemical Name CAS Number Hazard Panfuran S Carcinogen Pentachlorophenol 87 86 5 Carcinogen Phenacetin 62 44 2 Carcinogen Phenazopyridine 94 78 0 Carcinogen Phenazopyridine 136 40 3 Carcinogen hydrochloride Phenesterin 3546 10 9 Carcinogen Phenobarbital 50 06 6 Carcinogen Phenoxybenzamine 59 96 1 Carcinogen Phenoxybenzamine 63 92 3 Carcinogen hydrochloride Phenyl glycidyl ether 22 60 1 Carcinogen Phenylhydrazine and its salts Carcinogen o Phenylphenate sodium 132 27 4 Carcinogen Phosgene 75 44 5 High Acute Toxicity Phosphine gas 1498 40 4 High Acute Toxicity Phosphorus oxychloride 10025 87 3 High Acute Toxicity Phosphorus pentafluoride 7641 19 0 High Acute Toxicity gas Phosphorus trichloride 7719 12 2 High Acute Toxicity Polybrominated biphenyls Carcinogen Polychlorinated biphenyls gt Carcinogen Polygeenan 53973 98 1 Carcinogen Ponceau MX 3761 53 3 Carcinogen Ponceau 3R 3564 09 8 Carcinogen Potassiu
2. 10 Training of personnel 76 T have read and understand this SOP I agree to fully adhere to its requirements Last First Signature Date T1 17 References 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Princeton University Laboratory Safety Manual Internet http web princeton edu sites ehs labsafetymanual April 9 2014 June 26 2014 University of Minnesota Minessota NanoCenter Laboratory Safety Plan Internet http www nfc umn edu assets pdf lab_safety_plan pdf February 2013 June 26 2014 Cryogenic Materials Operating Procedure and Safety Requirements Internet http safety uncc edu sites safety uncc edu files media docs Liquid 20Nitrogen 20Proc edure pdf February 2011 June 26 2014 South Dakota State University Hazardous Waste Guidelines Summary Internet https insidestate sdstate edu ehs staff EHS 20Staff 200nly 20Documents summary 20waste 20disposal 20procedures pdf June 26 2014 South Dakota State University Laboratory Clothing amp Personal Protection Equipment Summary Internet https insidestate sdstate edu ehs staff EHS 20Staff 200nly 20Documents summary 20clothing 20policy pdf June 26 2014 Hydrofluoric Acid Special Instructions for Clean up Internet http chemical safety com documents hf htm June 26 2014 Acid Safety Safety
3. including fertility gestation lactation and general reproductive performance When a pregnant woman is exposed to a chemical the fetus may be exposed as well because the placenta is an extremely poor barrier to chemicals Reproductive toxins can affect both men and women Male reproductive toxins can lead to sterility 7 18 4 Substances with high acute toxicity High acute toxicity includes any chemical that falls within any of the following OSHA defined categories A chemical with a median lethal dose LD50 of 50 mg or less per kg of body weight when administered orally to certain test populations A chemical with an LD50 of 200 mg less per kg of body weight when administered by continuous contact for 24 hours to certain test populations A chemical with a median lethal concentration LC50 in air of 200 parts per million ppm by volume or less of gas or vapor or 2 mg per liter or less of mist fume or dust when administered to certain test populations by continuous inhalation for one hour provided such concentration and or condition are likely to be encountered by humans when the chemical is used in any reasonably foreseeable manner 8 Chemical Spills 8 1 Introduction Know how to proceed with a spill cleanup and ensure that adequate spill controls are available BEFORE using or transporting a chemical material Most spills can be prevented o Place chemical containers being used in a hood or lab bench area This reduces the lik
4. Ether Ethyl Acetate Hexanes Isopropyl alcohol Isopropanol Methanol Pyridine Tetrahydrofuran Toluene Xylenes KTFR negative thin film resist DTFR negative thin film resist thinner xylene KTFR negative thin film resist developer stoddard solvents o HPR 504 positive thin film resist Halogenated yellow container o Halothane Methylene chloride Chloroform Carbon tetrachloride Trichloroethane Trichloroethylene Oo oo 0000000000 0 O ve SO Sou a 9 3 5 Other Liquids Requiring Individual Waste Containers The following wastes shall be placed in separate waste containers with clear labels Photoplate fixer Copper electroplating Chrome etch HPRD positive thin film resist developer Piranha etch Aluminum etch Potassium hydroxide 12 Molar HPR photo plate developer PNMA developer Nitric acid DO NOT mix with other acids or solvents Hydrofluoric HF acid must be contained in a polyethylene or Teflon bottle CANNOT be a glass bottle 47 Used hydrocarbon roughing pump oils shall be collected separately from other wastes EHS offers free pickup and disposal of these oils Used silicone oils from some roughing and diffusion pumps shall be collected separately 9 4 Solid Waste No solid materials may be placed into the normal trash unless the materials have been designated as non hazardous by the EHS office Non hazardous materials should use the following procedures o The materials shall be in a structurally sound
5. Larger OD shall be permitted where required smaller OD shall be permitted for low flow rates High pressure hardline connections to compressed gas cylinders shall include a coil of tubing to accommodate vibration isolation and a minimum variation in cylinder height of 35 32 7 11 3 Purging and Venting e Process gas systems shall be capable of being purged at the cylinder valve to enable dilution of residual gases in the piping which shall protect personnel from exposure during cylinder changes and to prevent contamination from ambient air impurities e Purge effluent from toxic pyrophoric flammable and corrosive gases shall be exhausted through the laboratory exhaust Independent individual purge gas cylinders shall be used for incompatible toxic pyrophoric flammable and corrosive gases House nitrogen shall not be used for purge gas 7 11 4 Excess Flow Control e A positive flow shut off mechanism designed to detect excess flow due to a rupture in piping shall be included on all toxic pyrophoric flammable and corrosive gases 7 11 5 Fasteners used to Assemble Vacuum Equipment e Stainless steel fasteners shall be used to assemble vacuum flanges ie CF e Bolts and studs shall be silver plated to prevent galling and seizing e When space constraints do not allow for the box end of wrench to fit on a 6 pt nut bolt a smaller head 12 pt fastener shall be used e When possible a torque wrench shall be used to ensure uniform an
6. PPE Made Easy Government Institutes Rockville MD 1998 Safety in Academic Laboratories Accident Prevention for College and University Students 7 Ed The American Chemical Society http www acs org content dam acsorg about governance committees chemicalsafety pub lications safety in academic chemistry laboratories students pdf 4 Health Hazards of Chemicals Introduction Basic Toxicology The health hazards of a chemical are less obvious than the physical hazards and can be cumulative Two terms which can be used to describe a chemical are toxicity and hazard Toxicity is the inherent property of a material to cause a negative effect on a person or the environment The hazard is the probability that the chemical s toxic effects will be encountered 19 in use Accordingly very toxic materials can be used safely with proper handling and less toxic materials can be very hazardous if improperly handled The health risk of a chemical is the product of the toxicity and exposure The first step in understanding the hazards of a chemical is to identify the route of entry exposure required safe work practices and personal protective equipment PPE 4 2 Methods of Entry 4 2 1 Skin and Eye Contact The easiest way for chemicals to enter the body is through direct contact with the skin or eyes Skin contact can result in a local reaction such as a rash or allergic response In addition chemicals can be directly absorbed into the bloodst
7. book for any specific precautions to be taken while working with the material e Do NOT listen to music using headphones ear buds etc e Follow all appropriate precautions when working with solvents paints adhesives or other chemicals Use appropriate protective equipment e Check the power cords and plugs on portable tools for damage or fray before using them e Always store oily rags in an approved metal container e Dispose of sharps waste syringes razor blades broken saw blades broken glass sharp metal plastic and ceramic into the red sharps container 7 15 1 Benchtop Abrasive Wheel Grinder The benchtop grinder has two abrasive wheels used to sharpen or shape metals Note that it is not designed for soft materials such as wood The grinding wheels rotate at several thousand rpm and create several hazards e Hazards o The grinding wheel can shatter causing fragments to be thrown at the user o Sparks created by the grinding process can ignite vapors dust or fibers o There is a nip point created at the tool rest A finger or hand caught at this point would be drawn into the tool causing bodily injury o The benchtop grinder has two abrasive wheels used to sharpen or shape metals not wood e Precautions o Wear eye protection 37 O OO O0 0 Keep hands clear of pinch points grinding wheel Ensure that the safety guards are in place and cover 270 of the grinding wheel Ensure that the tool rest is in place and has a 1
8. etc shall be stored in a cabinet designed for corrosive acids o Note that concentrated acids can react vigorously with dilute solutions of the same acid Differing concentrations should be stored apart o Concentrated hydrochloric acid fumes continuously and is responsible for most of the corrosion damage to fume hoods and chemical storage cabinets It is best practice though not always possible to store this in a wood cabinet o Concentrated sulfuric acid is a strong dehydrating agent and reacts with organic materials If sulfuric acid has turned brown it is likely contaminated o Perchloric acid is an extremely powerful oxidizer and must be kept away from all organic materials including wood o The cleanroom laboratory fume hoods are NOT designed for perchloric acid use and perchloric acid is NOT allowed in any of the EE amp CS chemistry or cleanroom laboratories o Concentrated phosphoric acid has a melting point near ambient temperature and may crystallize in the relatively cool cleanroom Phosphoric acid is hygroscopic and will absorb water keep the cap tightly sealed o Nitric acid is a strong oxidizing agent and must be stored in a separate liquid tight compartment within the acid cabinet If nitric were to be mixed with acetic acid the heat from the reaction can be sufficient to ignite the nitric acid Nitric acid also tends to destroy the red plastic bottle cap Always replace with the correct red cap Nitric may turn yellow ove
9. 2 Carcinogen Vinyl chloride 75 01 4 Carcinogen Reproductive Toxin 4 Vinyl 1 cyclohexene 106 87 6 Carcinogen diepoxide Vinyl cyclohexene dioxide Vinyl trichloride 1 1 2 79 00 5 Carcinogen Trichloroethane 14 23 W Chemical Name CAS Number Hazard N A 66 14 24 X Chemical Name CAS Number Hazard 2 6 Xylidine 2 6 87 62 7 Carcinogen Dimethylaniline 14 25 Y Chemical Name CAS Number Hazard N A 14 26 Z Chemical Name CAS Number Hazard Zineb 12122 67 7 Carcinogen 67 14 Appendix C Laboratory Inspection Checklist Department Group Laboratory Inspector Date Building and Room Laboratory Supervisor LABORATORY ENVIRONMENT Work areas illuminated Storage of combustible materials minimized Aisles and passageways are clear and unobstructed Trash is removed promptly No evidence of food or drink in active laboratory areas Wet surfaces are covered with nonslip materials Exits are illuminated and unobstructed Proper management of hazardous materials and waste COMMENTS EMERGENCY EQUIPMENT AND PLANNING Fire extinguishers mounted and unobstructed Fire extinguishers fully charged with tamper indicator in place Fire extinguisher inspection up to date Eyewash unit and safety shower within 10 seconds of hazard Eyewash unit and safety shower inspection up to date Fire alarm pull stations unobstructed Spill control materials ava
10. 35 BAAD E e 35 T4145 Compressed Ai EE 35 WILY Ultraviolet Lamps enyi an a a et excisa o SA es a 36 7 15 Machine Power Tools oed e ER eed er nb ce eg cad 36 7 15 1 Benchtop Abrasive Wheel Grinder sac dd 37 3 15 2 Handheld Abrasive EE 38 115 3 Beuchtop Belt Disk Salder eege 38 yn T Droll E 38 TADO Carcular ee 39 J 15 0 Encular Metal SAW atest d esata ee aote solet hee mre aq Lt tpfa tst Usu ou a 39 LAST Miter E 40 TISS Ji SOW n EE E TEE A aed aoe a ea R 40 T159 Metal La pi n D a o Dea oh da eae ln AAA a aS 40 JLS LD EE 41 PASAY HELL e E A de ite EE 41 ES Se D EE 41 TASAS Hand Tools A A bp as aed Ab een A 42 7 16 Laser SAS A A ih 42 7 17 Trailer Safety E 42 7 18 Particularly Hazardous Substances ce e reete Deest rente e edo Pe Re edo Ep ela 43 PESE CEDERE T T UE UE 43 TAS 2 ACATCINO SENS ET 43 AM Reprod ctive A em deus av talia poe c sed 44 7 18 4 Substances with high acute toxicity iiie eie tid tbc Ven Eee tust et De eu eoa ed 44 Chemical DL Senses nonin S doe haltet Shedat en EE 44 SE JntFOdUCtOH iie Do o pfe dd Ee 44 82 Cleanup e EE 45 Bo HFAA E 45 CM Ee EEN 45 9T Introduction E 45 92 Chemical Waste ON 45 9 3 JFaquid ET 46 9l Sanitary Sewer A n EER RERE E E E ES 46 9 3 2 TACAS Re c ETE 46 A a aviei a E E E E E EE EE EEA 46 Sek Gluten 46 9 3 5 Other Liquids Requiring Individual Waste Contamnerg esses 47 DA Sold Waste e e dae iat Bia testa iat at pec eti ac ee ead 48 10 Chemical Specific Ur a aci
11. 7784 42 1 High Acute Toxicity 54 Asbestos 1332 21 4 Carcinogen Auramine 492 80 8 Carcinogen Azaserine 115 02 6 Carcinogen Azathioprine 446 86 6 Carcinogen Azacitidine 320 67 2 Carcinogen Azobenzene 103 33 3 Carcinogen 14 2 B Chemical Name CAS Number Hazard Benz a anthracene 56 55 3 Carcinogen Benzene 71 43 2 Carcinogen Reproductive Toxin Benzidine and its salts 92 87 5 Carcinogen Benzo b fluoranthene 205 99 2 Carcinogen Benzo j fluoranthene 205 82 3 Carcinogen Benzo k fluoranthene 207 08 9 Carcinogen Benzofuran 271 89 6 Carcinogen Benzo a pyrene 50 32 8 Carcinogen Reproductive Toxin Benzotrichloride 98 07 7 Carcinogen Benzyl chloride 100 44 7 Carcinogen High Acute Toxicity Benzyl violet 4B 1694 09 3 Carcinogen Beryllium and beryllium Carcinogen compounds Betel quid with tobacco Carcinogen Bis 2 chloroethyl ether 111 44 4 Carcinogen N N Bis 2 chloroethyl 2 494 03 1 Carcinogen naphthylamine Chlornapazine Bischloroethyl nitrosourea 154 93 8 Carcinogen BCNU Carmustine Bis chloromethyl ether 542 88 1 Carcinogen Bitumens extracts of steam SER Carcinogen refined and air refined Boron trifluoride 7637 07 2 High Acute Toxicity Bracken fern Carcinogen Bromine 7726 95 6 High Acute Toxicity Bromodichloromethane 75 27 4 Carcinogen Bromoform 75 25 2 Carcinogen 1 3 Butadiene
12. 8 gap to the grinding wheel Handle small pieces with a vice grip Ensure that the safety guards are in place and cover 270 of the grinding wheel Ensure that the tool rest is in place and has a 1 8 gap to the grinding wheel 7 15 2 Handheld Abrasive Grinder The handheld grinder is used to both remove and finish materials usually metals The grinding or polishing wheel can spin at up to 10k rpm presents hazards similar to the benchtop abrasive wheel e Hazards similar to bench grinders O O O O Abrasion or cuts from contacting the abrasive disk Potential for abrasive disk to shatter Kickback from rotating disk Sparks that can burn damage eyes or start fires e Precautions O O O O O 0 Wear eye protection Ensure that 180 guard is in place Inspect grind disk for damage before using Ensure that speed rating of wheel not exceeded by grinder Be aware of where sparks are directed Wear leather gloves to protect hands 7 15 3 Benchtop Belt Disk Sander The belt disk sander is a power tool used to finish sand and remove relatively small amounts of material This tool presents similar pinch point hazards as the benchtop grinder e Hazards O O O Belt or disk can severely abrade skin Work can be thrown from hands Dust and debris can be projected into eyes e Precautions O O O O Wear eye protection Keep hands clear from pinch points sanding belt and disk Wear heavy leather gloves to protect hands
13. Carcinogen 4 Chloro ortho 95 83 0 Carcinogen phenylenediamine p Chloro o toluidine 95 69 2 Carcinogen Chloroprene 126 99 8 Reproductive Toxin Chlorothalonil 1897 45 6 Carcinogen Chlorozotocin 54749 90 5 Carcinogen Chromium hexavalent Carcinogen Chromium trioxide 1333 82 0 Carcinogen Reproductive Toxin Chrysene 18 01 9 Carcinogen C I Acid Red 114 6459 94 5 Carcinogen C I Basic Red 9 569 61 9 Carcinogen monohydrochloride Ciclosporin Cyclosporin A 59865 13 3 79217 60 0 Carcinogen Cyclosporine Cinnamyl anthranilate 87 29 6 Carcinogen Cisplatin 15663 27 1 Carcinogen Citrus Red No 2 6358 53 8 Carcinogen Cobalt metal powder 7440 48 4 Carcinogen Cobalt II oxide 1307 96 6 Carcinogen Conjugated estrogens m Carcinogen 56 Creosotes Carcinogen para Cresidine 120 71 8 Carcinogen Cupferron 135 20 6 Carcinogen Cyanogen chloride 506 77 4 High Acute Toxicity Cycasin 14901 08 7 Carcinogen Cyclophosphamide 50 18 0 Carcinogen anhydrous Cyclophosphamide 6055 19 2 Carcinogen hydrated 14 4 D Chemical Name CAS Number Hazard D amp C Orange No 17 46 83 1 Carcinogen D amp C Red No 8 2092 56 0 Carcinogen D amp C Red No 9 5160 02 1 Carcinogen D amp C Red No 19 81 88 9 Carcinogen Dacarbazine 4342 03 4 Carcinogen Daminozide 1596 84 5 Carcinogen Dantron Chrysazin 1 8 117 10 2 Carcinogen Dihydro
14. Tips for Using Acids in School Labs Internet http www flinnsci com media 396140 acidsafety pdf 2011 June 26 2014 A M Fowler R D Mileham J D Sternhagen and D W Galipeau last edited by C M Sternhagen 2011 Microelectronic Device Fabrication Laboratory Manual 8 Edition EE amp CS Dept South Dakota State University 2011 Dr G L Yarrow J Trygstad S Havaldar and T Crompton SDSU s Occupational and Laboratory Health and Safety Internet http ehs sdstate edu pidocuments SDSU OCC and Env Lab Training pdf January 2011 June 26 2014 10 J Young W K Kingsley and G H Wahl Jr Developing a Chemical Hygiene Plan Washington DC American Chemical Society 1990 11 G S Coyne The Laboratory Companion A Practical Guide to Materials Equipment and Technique New York John Wiley amp Sons 1997 78 12 A K Furr CRC Handbook of Laboratory Safety 5 Ed Boca Raton Florida CRC Press 2000 13 Compressed Gas Cylinder Safe Handling Use and Storage 2012 Internet http safetyresources usask ca procedures_forms documents Compressed 20Gas 20Cy linder 20Safe 20Handling 20Use 20and 20Storage pdf 2012 June 27 2014 14 Safety in Academic Chemistry Laboratories Accident Prevention for College and University Students 7the Edition Internet https www acs org content dam acsorg about governance committees chemicalsafety pu blications safety in academic chemistry l
15. e The use of ANY peroxide forming chemicals must be approved by the laboratory manager and have a co developed safety plan 7 9 7 Perchloric Acid e Perchloric acid acid must be used only in specially designed fume hoods that have built in wash down systems e The cleanroom laboratory fume hoods are NOT designed for this use and perchloric acid is NOT allowed in the cleanroom laboratory 7 9 8 Unstable Materials and Chemicals e Hydrogen peroxide forms explosive mixtures with organic materials and decomposes violently in the presence of traces of transition metals especially at concentrations above 30 29 7 10 Compressed Gases Handling A compressed gas tank may have pressures up to 2500 Ib in may contain toxic gases and presents several risks 7 10 1 Compressed Gas Risks Asphyxiation inert gases displace oxygen Fire and explosion flammable gases oxygen and other oxidizers Chemical burns corrosive gases can chemically attack various materials Chemical poisoning toxic gases High pressure a sudden release of the pressure can propel the cylinder causing injury or death Cylinder weight a full size cylinder can weigh more than 130 Ibs Improper moving can lead to back or muscle injury Dropping can crush feet Compressed Gas Precautions Do NOT move a gas cylinder unless the protective cap is in place Do NOT remove the protective cap unless the gas cylinder has been secured using a chain or s
16. exposed to heat o Silicon based absorbents also common in solvent spill kits The reaction generates silicon tetrafluoride which is a toxic and corrosive gas 9 Laboratory Waste Disposal 9 1 Introduction The below guidelines summarize the disposal protocols for waste hazardous materials Any questions regarding the management of hazardous materials should be directed to the SDSU Environmental Health and Safety EHS office by email EHS sdstate edu or phone 688 4264 Always assume that a material is hazardous until the EHS department has determined otherwise All waste containers boxes must be prominently marked with EHS 9 2 Chemical Waste Pickup EHS pickup of solid and liquid waste materials shall be scheduled via the EHS website form located on the SDSU intranet The form can be submitted by email EHS Osdstate edu campus mail or by fax 688 4611 45 9 3 9 3 3 9 3 4 Liquid Waste Record the quantity content and date of waste materials Keep waste containers closed except when adding waste Sanitary Sewer Disposal All materials must be water soluble No flammable liquids ie gasoline paint thinner hydrocarbon solvents No heavy metals ie As Au Be Cd Cr Cu Pb Ni Sb Se Th and Zn No asbestos or cyanide containing materials No material that will release toxic or flammable gas at a pH of 5 or less No toxic organic materials No oil oil products or highly viscous materials No
17. grade 2602 46 2 Carcinogen Direct Brown 95 technical grade 16071 86 6 Carcinogen Di sec octyl phthalate 117 81 7 Reproductive Toxin Disperse Blue 1 2475 45 8 Carcinogen Dithane 111 54 6 Reproductive Toxin 58 14 5 E Chemical Name CAS Number Hazard Epichlorohydrin 106 89 8 Carcinogen Reproductive Toxin Erionite 12510 42 8 Carcinogen Estradiol 176 50 28 2 Carcinogen Estrone 53 16 7 Carcinogen Ethinylestradiol 57 63 6 Carcinogen 2 Ethoxy ethanol 110 80 5 Reproductive Toxin 2 Ethoxyethyl acetate 111 15 9 Reproductive Toxin Ethyl acrylate 140 88 5 Carcinogen Ethyl methanesulfonate 62 50 0 Carcinogen Ethyl 4 4 dichlorobenzilate 510 15 6 Carcinogen Ethylene chlorohydrin 107 07 3 High Acute Toxicity Ethylene dibromide 106 93 4 Carcinogen Reproductive Toxin Ethylene dichloride 1 2 107 06 2 Carcinogen Dichloroethane Ethylene fluorohydrin 371 62 0 High Acute Toxicity Ethylene glycol monoethyl 110 80 5 Reproductive Toxin ether Ethylene glycol monomethyl 109 86 4 Reproductive Toxin ether Ethylene oxide 75 21 8 Carcinogen Reproductive Toxin Ethylene thiourea 96 45 7 Carcinogen Reproductive Toxin Ethyleneimine 151 56 4 Carcinogen 2 Ethyhexanol 104 76 7 Reproductive Toxin 14 6 F Chemical Name CAS Number Hazard Fluorine gas 7681 49 4 High Acute Toxicity 2 Fluoroethanol 371 62 0 High Acute Toxicity Folpet 133 07
18. 0 8 98 Methane 100 N A Asphyxiant Asphyxiant 5 15 Hydrogen 100 N A Asphyxiant Asphyxiant 4 0 75 Phosphine 2 Hydrogen 50 0 3 1 0 2 0 Ammonia 100 N A 500 25 15 28 IDLH Immediately Dangerous to Life and Health TLV TWA Threshold Limit Value Time Weighted Average average exposure on the basis of an 8h day 40h week work schedule 7 11 1 Special Pyrophoric Flammable Gas Requirements e The maximum operating pressure for any pyrophoric gas line shall not exceed 15 psi e A flow limiting orifice shall be installed in all pyrophoric gas cylinders to limit flow in a major failure 31 7 11 2 All pyrophoric effluent shall be combusted in the Vector scrubber via stainless steel piping Gas cabinets containing pyrophoric or flammable gases shall be vented in stainless steel piping to the building roof Fittings Valving and Piping Only valves utilizing metal to metal seals are acceptable on systems containing toxic pyrophoric flammable or corrosive gases A pressure relief valve shall be installed downstream of the regulator and any manual or automatic shutoff mechanism This will enable bleeding off of any over pressure due to regulator failure or operator error This pressure relief shall be located within the cabinet of any toxic pyrophoric flammable or corrosive gases All non welded fittings on all hazardous gas lines shall be contained within the zone of a local exhaust No fittings ie compression etc shal
19. 106 99 0 Carcinogen 1 4 Butanediol 55 98 1 Carcinogen dimethanesulfonate Busulfan Butylated hydroxyanisole 25013 16 5 Carcinogen vbeta Butyrolactone 3068 88 0 Carcinogen 1433 C Chemical Name CAS Number Hazard 55 Cadmium and cadmium Carcinogen Reproductive compounds Toxin Captafol 2425 06 1 Carcinogen Captan 133 06 2 Carcinogen Carbon disulfide 75 15 0 Reproductive Toxin Carbon tetrachloride 56 23 5 Carcinogen Reproductive Toxin Carbon black extracts Carcinogen Cellosolve 110 80 5 Reproductive Toxin Ceramic fibers Carcinogen Chlorambucil 305 03 3 Carcinogen Chloramphenicol 56 75 7 Carcinogen Chlordane 57 74 9 Carcinogen Chlordecone Kepone 143 50 0 Carcinogen Chlordimeform 115 28 6 Carcinogen Chlorendic acid 115 28 6 Carcinogen Chlorinated paraffins 108171 26 2 Carcinogen Chlorine gas 7782 50 5 High Acute Toxicity Chorine dioxide 10049 04 4 High Acute Toxicity Chlorine trifluoride 7790 91 2 High Acute Toxicity Chlorodibromethane 124 48 1 Carcinogen Chloroethane Ethyl chloride 75 00 3 Carcinogen 1 2 Chloroethyl 3 13010 47 4 Carcinogen cyclohexyl 1 nitrosourea 1 2 Chloroethyl 3 4 13909 09 6 Carcinogen methylcyclohexyl 1 nitrosourea Methyl CCNU Chloroform 67 66 3 Reproductive Toxin Chloromethyl methyl ether 107 30 2 Carcinogen 3 Chloro 2 methylpropene 563 47 3
20. 3 Carcinogen Formaldehyde 50 00 0 Carcinogen Reproductive Toxin 2 2 Formylhydrazino 4 5 3570 75 00 Carcinogen nitro 2 furyl thiazole Furazolidone 67 45 8 Carcinogen Furmecyclox 60568 05 0 Carcinogen 14 7 G Chemical Name CAS Number Hazard Glu P 1 2 Amino 6 67730 11 4 Carcinogen methyldipyrido 1 2 a 3 2 d imidazole 59 Glycidaldehyde 765 34 4 Carcinogen Glycidol 556 52 5 Carcinogen Glycol ethers Reproductive Toxin Griseofulvin 126 07 8 Carcinogen Gyromitrin Acetaldehyde 16568 02 8 Carcinogen methylformylhydrazone 14 8 H Chemical Name CAS Number Hazard Halothane 151 67 7 Reproductive Toxin HC Blue 1 2784 94 3 Carcinogen Heptachlor 76 44 8 Carcinogen Heptachlor epoxide 1024 57 3 Carcinogen Hexachlorobenzene 118 74 1 Carcinogen Hexachlorocyclohexane iis Carcinogen technical grade Hexachlorodibenzodioxin 34465 46 8 Carcinogen Hexachloroethane 67 72 1 Carcinogen Hexafluoroacetone 684 16 2 Reproductive Toxin Hexamethylene 822 06 0 High Acute Toxicity diiosocyanate Hexamethylphosphoramide 680 31 9 Carcinogen Reproductive Toxin Hormones SES Reproductive Toxin Hydrazine 302 01 2 Carcinogen Reproductive Toxin Hydrazine sulfate 10034 93 2 Carcinogen Hydrazobenzene 1 2 122 66 7 Carcinogen Diphenylhydrazine Hydrogen Cyanide 74 90 8 High Acute Toxicity Hydrogen Flu
21. 5 695 7846 14 o Qi Hua Fan 605 651 0563 o Qiquan Qiao 605 651 0080 e If after hours or laboratory staff are unavailable pull the fire alarm and evacuate the building e Once safely outside of the building call 111 or 605 688 5117 to report the condition 2 6 2 Red Toxic Gas Alarm A red alarm indicates detection of hazardous gases above OSHA safety levels a scrubber failure or exhaust failure e Pull the fire alarm and evacuate the building e Call 111 or 605 688 5117 to report the condition once safely outside of the building 2 7 Reporting Accidents Injuries and Near Misses All accidents injuries or near misses must be reported to the laboratory manager and to the principal investigator faculty A form is included in Appendix D 3 Chemical Hazard Identification 3 1 Introduction Every hazardous chemical must have a material safety datasheet MSDS or globally harmonized system GHS sheet The user MUST be or become an expert on the hazards of the materials in use Keep the manufacturer s label intact 3 2 Laboratory Chemical Materials Labeling Requirements Policy e Before bringing any new chemical into the cleanroom o Request approval from Laboratory Manager Chemicals not previously approved shall not be stored in the cleanroom o Materials which are acutely toxic may require a co developed management plan Standard Operating Procedure SOPs o Once approved the chemical material must be delivered to Laborato
22. Handle small pieces with a vice grip 7 15 4 Drill Press The drill press used rotating bits to cut holes into a variety of materials plastic wood metal and glass ceramic using diamond blades 38 e Hazards O O O Contact with rotating bit can cause cuts and entanglement Drill tailings can be sharp and cause cuts Stock can spin and cause cuts e Precautions O O O O Wear eye and hearing protection Ensure that stock being drilled is securely fastened to bed Do not try to remove tailings with bare hands use leather gloves Use sharp bits 7 15 5 Circular Wood Saw The circular saw is used to crosscut rip and bevel cut wood materials in straight cuts This power tool has significant risk of injury e Hazards O O O O Rotating blade can cause severe cuts and amputations Injuries often occur when operator places hands beneath the saw Kickback and binding can cause the saw to be forced toward the operator Sawdust can get into eyes e Precautions O Q 09 O O Wear eye and hearing protection Guard must be free to move and return automatically to covering position Be aware of the saw blade when using Secure work and keep the saw kerf open to prevent binding 2 person required when used 7 15 6 Circular Metal Saw The metal cutting circular saw is used to cut relatively thin metal stock and structural material in both aluminum and steel This saw uses carbide teeth which require steady pressure to prev
23. South Dakota State University Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Laboratory Safety and Operations Manual Prepared by Jason Sternhagen September 21 2015 Contents RIN a ce eects O NA 8 LLE a 8 12 tT ER 8 l3 Laboratory Safety LAU csie esii irr T E EA ER E EEE R 9 LA EE adesina r aeiaai i en quU 9 PAM Laboratory Manantial 9 1 5 4 Paeulty Principal Investisdlorasa pi 10 1 4 3 SDSU Environmental Health and Safety EHS 10 1 4 4 Laboratory Researcher Std asia isis 10 2 Emersency Procedures seseris ii 11 GN TVG er E 11 AE EE 11 23 Medical Emergencies a 12 2A Ch mical Expos li 12 Pt MEE o Eve E oin E 12 DE WE o o E E LEO m 12 24 3 Hydrotluonio HF Acid siii aria PESE TERM 13 29 O Shock m 14 20 OC AS EEN ccm 14 2 61 Yelow Toste Gas Al fM seais 14 2 6 2 Red Toxic Gas In its 15 2 7 Reporting Accidents Injuries and Near Misses eene 15 5 chemical Hazard eet E 15 SA Dee e E 15 3 2 Laboratory Chemical Materials Labeling Requirements Policy 15 2 9 Material Safety Data Sheet TS OS 16 3 4 Globally Harmonized System EES iiie dic di 16 RENE aber RIS mU 16 3 4 2 ligari P RES 17 234 3 Environmental Basar oi 18 35 Other Chemical Safety ReSQUICES iui te tienden eer ie ene tensucbevencvdoatarg iene 18 Health Hazards of Chia A A Ri 19 4 1 Introductions Bas
24. Transport information Regulatory information Other information Globally Harmonized System GHS The Globally Harmonized System of Classification and Labeling of Chemicals is a new standard for classifying hazards and does a better job of delineating the types of physical health and environmental hazards 3 4 1 Physical Hazards Explosives which are assigned to one of six subcategories depending on the type of hazard they present as used in the UN Dangerous Goods System A Flammable Gas is one that has a flammable range in air at 20 C and a standard pressure of 101 3 kPa 16 3 4 2 Flammable Aerosols should be considered for classification as Category 1 or Category 2 if they contain any component which is classified as flammable according to the GHS criteria that is flammable liquids flammable gases or flammable solids Oxidizing Gases are any gas that may generally by providing oxygen cause or contribute to the combustion of other material more than air does Gases Under Pressure are gases contained in a receptacle at a pressure not less than 280 Pa at 20 C or as a refrigerated liquid A Flammable Liquid is a liquid with a flash point of not more than 93 C Substances and mixtures of this hazard class are assigned to one of four hazard categories on the basis of the flash point and boiling point A Flammable Solid is one that is readily combustible or may cause or contribute to fire through friction Self React
25. a 48 10 1 ya is A O e ds co ae bens 48 125 eene 50 12 1 First EEN 50 12 2 Second DOI ida 50 12 3 TOTO OMENS SI A EA AAA a n 50 13 Appendix A Incompatible Materials iere tot sno ete RE essences etae ote Ee Rete PEE RUE 51 14 Appendix B Particularly Hazardous Materials AA 54 14 1 De a 54 14 2 jT pP P EE eg 55 14 3 outset e E E T mee re error eens 55 14 4 Dr EUER ee 57 14 5 pr MP 59 IE MEME rr T 59 14 7 e MX P S 59 14 8 Eo aequam t DAMM mE M M M M 60 14 9 E e dates ca nc cake pa tcp UN Pasa Ee E UE A M Ie sea M A 60 EIU Ta etel Me au P b Re Ornare bete en a M NR 60 E NEED uc rt 61 E NM NR A RE 61 TATS E 61 NP ME RCM 62 IP NE O E m nmm Ye 64 DLI6 Biss edge SIME citet da ua naeh Bea pn DNE 64 iL NEMO Dc 65 14 18 Rtssueetebn eso a a hate uM OK Eb M A ME MM CM uA MR dE 65 LL MEM TE 65 1420 TA E E a 65 iL PE ecco ET 66 14 22 s V MT 66 Dos Mss eei eget amas quad a a MEM 66 LV Eb qu J 67 IL P EM d CC DLE 67 1420 LA A ER 67 Appendix C Laboratory Inspection Checker 68 Appendix D Incident Report Form eege geed NEE te eo lebe e rae eed pes 13 Appendix Ex SOP Template Ati 76 A O ei 78 1 Introduction 1 1 Objectives The goal of the saf
26. aboratories students pdf 2003 June 27 2014 15 Prudent Practices in the Laboratory Handling and Management of Chemical Hazards Washington DC The National Academies Press 2011 16 NC State University Nanofabrication Facility Safety Manual Internet http www nnf ncsu edu safety June 30 2014 17 Guidelines for the Safe Use of Hydrofluoric Acid Internet http chemistry harvard edu files chemistry files safe use of hf O pdf February 2014 June 30 2014 18 Harvard Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology Laboratory Safety Manual Internet http chemistry harvard edu files chemistry files 2012 1 9 safetymanuall pdf 1 19 2012 June 30 2014 19 Keep the Trailer Connected to the Truck Understanding the Hitch System Internet https www extension purdue edu extmedia PPP PPP 92 pdf July 16 2014 20 Guidelines for Towing a Trailer Internet https www purdue edu pat mainnav transportation forms TowGuidelines DOC July 16 2014 21 General Shop Safety Rules Internet http www wmich edu engineer ceee edcsl pdf f212 safety rules pdf May 29 2015 22 Abrasive Wheel Grinder Safety Internet https wwvw ehs harvard edu sites ehs harvard edu files machine shop safety osha guid ance abrasive wheel grinder pdf May 29 2015 79 23 Cutoff Saws Internet https www ehs harvard edu sites ehs harvard edu files machine_shop_safety_osha_guid a
27. an all equipment after you are done using it Do not use solvents or methods which will damage the equipment 2 Emergency Procedures 2 1 Introduction All emergencies must be immediately reported by calling 111 or 605 688 5117 A phone is located along the south wall of the cleanroom in Bay 3 When calling be sure to Identify yourself State the location of the incident Clearly indicate to the dispatcher what services are required ie EHS fire medical etc Do not hang up until told to do so by the dispatcher If laboratory or building evacuation is required pull the fire alarm All accidents injuries or near misses must be reported to the laboratory manager and to the principal investigator faculty 2 2 Fire Evacuate the area and pull the fire alarm immediately Fire alarms are located o Cleanroom gowning room o East west and center stairwells of each floor o Allexterior doors Call 111 or 605 688 5117 to report the fire If your clothing catches fire drop to the floor and roll to smother the fire 11 2 3 2 4 2 4 1 2 4 2 If a coworker s clothing catches fire get the person to the floor and roll him her to smother the fire Laboratory users are not required to fight fires However small fires approximately the size of a garbage can may be fought with a fire extinguisher If a fire is larger than a garbage can or spreading activate the fire alarm and evacuate the building If the fire alarm sou
28. ances require additional planning and consideration in their use The OSHA Laboratory Standard defines particularly hazardous substances as carcinogens reproductive toxins or substance with high acute toxicity Laboratory users who wish to use a particularly hazardous substance must first seek approval from the Laboratory Manager and Faculty Principal Investigator A management plan SOP shall be co developed between the user Laboratory Manager and Faculty Principal Investigator The SOP shall include all procedures from the start of a process or experiment through the final disposal of the waste A partial list of particularly hazardous substances is included in Appendix B 7 18 2 Carcinogens A carcinogen is a substance capable of causing cancer A chemical is considered a carcinogen if included in any of the following lists e Under the category known to be carcinogens in the Annual Report of Carcinogens published by the National Toxicology Program NTP latest edition 43 Group 1 carcinogenic to humans of the International Agency for Research on Cancer IARC latest edition Chemicals listed in Group 2A or 2B reasonably anticipated to be carcinogens that cause significant tumor incidence in experimental animals under specified conditions are also considered carcinogens under the OSHA Laboratory Standard 7 18 3 Reproductive toxins Reproductive toxins are substances that have adverse effects on various aspects of reproduction
29. are the subject matter experts and are responsible for developing new procedures protocols and standard operating procedures SOPs Ensure that the laboratory researcher student understands how to safely work with chemicals Provide chemical and procedure specific training as needed Provide laboratory researchers students with appropriate engineering controls and personal protective equipment as necessary to work safely and to ensure that this equipment is used safely Ensure that laboratory researchers students complete and submit Particularly Hazardous Approval forms for approval before using any particularly hazardous substances Assist in the development of operating procedures for particularly hazardous materials Review and approve work with particularly hazardous substances SDSU Environmental Health and Safety EHS SDSU Environmental Health and Safety EHS office has the following responsibilities 1 4 4 General safety for all campus occupants Guidelines for general laboratory safety both research and teaching Specific guidelines for special purpose or particularly hazardous environments Management of hazardous materials including usage storage and disposal Evaluation of high hazard areas and chemicals in conjunction with building codes Management of the SDSU Radiation Safety Program Recycling of materials including chemicals used oil fluorescent bulbs and ballasts electronic components including computers printers e
30. ates 29 7 9 8 Unstable Materials and Chemicals oerte tree pae n pe ira aes 29 7 10 Compressed Gases Hand ies gebei 30 1101 Compressed GaS BISES d d AER ete UO EEN 30 7 10 2 Compressed Gas Precautions derrocar roda ar Cue vDR 30 7 10 3 Connecting a Pressure Regulator reete ege 30 7 10 4 Regulator Precautions ir SAA DV TUER aus 31 EN Mer KT 31 7 11 1 Special Pyrophoric Flammable Gas Requirements eee 31 7 1162 Fittings Valving and Ppt EE 32 JJl Purging and EE 33 TALA Excess Flow COMO ui DA tebe e d Ak a aaa eae 33 7 11 5 Fasteners used to Assemble Vacuum Equipment eere 33 7 11 6 Toxic Gas Cylinder Change out Procedures eee 33 7 12 CCEVOSCHICS uo ste outa reed BEE 33 EE KN Mee EE 33 7 12 2 Personal Protective Equipment PPE iii hay ils 33 7 12 3 Dispensing Liquid Nitrogen into Dewars esee 33 7 12 4 Transporting Liquid Nitrogen in Dewars nennen 34 7 13 Elecucal E 34 ENK ON TOUS pos eripi e eb dp o E as t ana e dae 34 7 14 Chemistry and Microelectronics Laboratory Equipment esee 34 RN EN We EE 34 7 14 2 Refrigerators and Freezers ce ere cave they dans des dee cubs dake me Eua Pee eg eh ro nabs 34 7 14 3 Stirring and Mixing Devi a Ve PE AREE d 34 AAA Heating Devices eee Oy es bad sd ne MI dde 34 3 4 55 Ultrasone Dev IG Sens nao eolit A etta aret ies etin 33 TAO Macuum Equipment e cer P e wa od ae apu eae ean
31. be issued for a minor infraction A more severe infraction may include an email to the faculty advisor and graduate coordinator 12 2 Second Offense The individual shall meet with the laboratory manager the advisor and the graduate coordinator The corrective action shall be decided by the group and may include suspension of laboratory use 12 3 Third Offense Expulsion from the laboratory 50 13 Appendix A Incompatible Materials Chemical Incompatible chemicals materials Acetic acid Chromic Acid nitric acid hydroxyl containing compounds ethylene glycol perchloric acid peroxides and permanganates Acetone Bromine chlorine nitric acid sulfuric acid and hydrogen peroxide Acetylene Bromine chlorine copper mercury fluorine iodine and silver Alkaline and alkaline earth metals such as calcium lithium magnesium sodium potassium and powered aluminum Carbon dioxide carbon tetrachloride and other chlorinated hydrocarbons water Bromine chlorine fluorine and iodine Do not use CO2 water or dry chemical extinguishers Use Class D extinguisher e g Met L X or dry sand Aluminum and aluminum alloys especially powders Acid or alkaline solutions ammonium persulfate and water chlorates chlorinated compounds nitrates and organic compounds in nitrate nitrate salt baths Ammonia anhydrous Bromine chlorine calcium hypochlorite hydrofluoric acid iodine merc
32. be worn under safety glasses or goggles Eyes that have been exposed to solvents or acids should be rinsed for at least 15 minutes If exposed to alkalis flush with water for 30 to 60 minutes Lift upper and lower eyelids while flushing Get medical attention immediately REGARDLESS of how your eyes feel 4 2 2 Inhalation Most chemicals have an odor that is perceptible at a certain threshold However there is no relationship between odor and toxicity In addition olfactory fatigue may occur after exposure to high concentrations or after a prolonged exposure Symptoms of over exposure may include headaches confusion dizziness increased mucous production and eye nose or throat irritation If over exposure is suspected move to fresh air and seek medical attention 20 4 2 3 Ingestion No food or drink is allowed in either the laboratory or gowning room Therefore direct ingestion of contaminated food or beverages is unlikely However exposure can occur as a result of touching the mouth with contaminated fingers swallowing inhaled particles which have been cleared from the respiratory system or mouth pipetting Seek immediate medical attention and do not induce vomiting unless directed to do so by a medical provider 4 2 4 Injection Injection is chemical exposure which bypasses the protection provided by intact skin and enters directly into the bloodstream This most commonly happens with syringe needles pipettes broken glassware or con
33. container with a secure lid o The container must be then be placed in a cardboard box that has been lined with two heavy duty plastic bags The heavy duty plastic bags shall be individually tied and fit into the box The cardboard box shall be securely closed and sealed using heavy duty sealing tape not duct tape o The box shall be labeled as Non Hazardous Materials Please Dispose o The box weight shall not exceed 30 Ibs o The box shall be taken to a dumpster All solid hazardous waste materials should be carefully placed in a sturdy double plastic bag lined cardboard box with a clear label including the Chemical Pickup Request form number Sharps waste such as broken glass and razor blades shall be placed in a sharps container labeled Sharps glass and ceramic This container after being securely taped shut shall then be placed directly in the dumpster when full 10 Chemical Specific Issues 10 1 Hydrofluoric HF Acid Unlike other acids HF does not have a burning sensation upon skin contact In addition because there is no skin sensation you may believe that you have simply rinsed it off However even dilute HF acid on your skin can cause serious burns Fumes from HV are very dangerous as they can cause burn blisters on the lining of the lungs In addition HF is not as irritating to the lungs as other acids and exposure may not be as obvious Users MUST wear proper eye protection Blindness is likely for HF eye exposure The i
34. d correct assembly 7 11 6 Toxic Gas Cylinder Change out Procedures Neither students faculty or staff are allowed to change out toxic gas cylinders This operation shall be completed only by properly trained outside contractors 7 12 Cryogenics 7 12 1 Introduction Liquid nitrogen is used for cooling the SEM EDX and to supply laboratory nitrogen gas The hazards of liquid nitrogen include frostbite asphyxiation and explosion 7 12 2 Personal Protective Equipment PPE Users MUST observe ALL of the following precautions when handling liquid nitrogen cryogenic gloves face mask and goggles It is not sufficient to use goggles or face mask you must use BOTH 7 12 3 Dispensing Liquid Nitrogen into Dewars e Use only tall dewars deigned for cryogenic liquid nitrogen No open containers are allowed e Persons filling the dewar shall wear full length pants or apron footwear that covers the entire foot face shield goggles and cryogenic gloves e Persons filling the dewar must be constantly aware of the filling operation 33 Make sure that the fill hose outlet is below the mouth of the receiving dewar Make sure that the door to the room is kept open The expansion of the nitrogen can displace the oxygen in the room Transporting Liquid Nitrogen in Dewars The dewar shall be the only load no books coffee or other items PPE shall be worn until the liquid nitrogen has been fully and completely transferred into the SEM EDX Utili
35. ed to be a chemical warehouse The faculty principal investigator will be directly billed for the costs to dispose of surplus materials e Purchase dilute acids whenever possible Dilute acids are safer and easier to handle use and store e If itis necessary to utilize concentrated acids purchase them in PVC coated glass bottles PVC coated glass bottles will not shatter and spill acid when dropped The PVC coating may discolor over time but this will not affect either the coating or quality of acid in the bottle e Always keep the appropriate color coded acid bottle cap on the bottle Color coded bottle caps provide an extra measure of safety to correctly identify contents o Acetic acid brown 26 7 9 2 Phosphoric acid white Hydrochloric acid blue Sulfuric acid yellow O 20110 0 Nitric acid red o Ammonium hydride green Do not store any chemicals on top of cabinets or more than 5 feet above the floor No materials of any type chemicals boxes equipment etc may be stored within 18 of the ceiling Violation of this constitutes a fire hazard All shelving must have a railing or lip to prevent materials from sliding off Ensure that the weight of the chemicals does not exceed the rating of the shelving or cabinet Provide a specific storage location for each chemical and return the chemical to that location immediately after use Use secondary containers to contain the primary container if it leaks or breaks Do no
36. elihood of accidentally being knocked over Keep the work area clean and uncluttered Plan your movements Transport chemicals in a carrier or cart EHS can provide these carriers Use trays to capture spills where anticipated O OO 0 44 8 2 Cleanup Methods e Use copious amounts of water to dilute acids and bases e Use baking soda to soak up neutralize acids e Don t clean up flammables with paper towels and then throw them in the trash e Every laboratory shall have a chemical spill kit The contents shall include sopping towels acid and base reducers and a tyvek suit e Ifa hazardous material has been spilled or a spill is too large to be readily contained notify Environmental Health amp Safety office 688 4264 or University Police Department 688 5117 if after normal working hours 8 3 HF Acid Spills e Hydrofluoric acid is extremely toxic and corrosive and must be cleaned up with great care e Immediately evacuate all laboratory users from the affected laboratory area and put up Do Not Enter signs e Notify Environmental Health amp Safety office 688 4264 or University Police Department 688 5117 if after normal working hours e Do NOT attempt to neutralize HF acid with any of the following o Sodium or potassium carbonate soda ash or caustic soda The reaction releases gaseous HF when exposed to heat o Potassium or sodium hydroxide found in many acid neutralizing kits This reaction also releases gaseous HF when
37. ent overheating the blade Like the wood cutting circular saw there are significant risks of injury e Hazards o Saw creates hot metal shavings that can burn or get into eyes o Rotating blade can cause severe cuts and amputations o Injuries often occur when operator places hands beneath the saw o Kickback and binding can cause the saw to be forced toward the operator e Precautions O O OO 0 Wear eye protection Wear leather gloves to protect hands Guard must be free to move and return automatically to covering position Be aware of the saw blade when using Secure work and keep the saw kerf open to prevent binding 39 o Need steady pressure to ensure that the teeth are cutting instead of grinding through the stock o 2 person required when used 7 15 7 Miter Saw A miter saw is a circular saw mounted on a hinged frame and designed to make accurate cuts in wood and soft plastic The rotating blade represents a significant risk of injury e Hazards o Rotating blade can cause severe cuts and amputations o Injuries often occur when hands are in the path of the blade o Sawdust can get into eyes e Precautions o Wear eye and hearing protection o Guard must be free to move and return automatically to covering position o Be aware of the saw blade when using o Secure work and keep the saw kerf open to prevent binding 7 15 8 Jig Saw Jig saws use reciprocating blade to make precision cuts of relative thin stock and can be used to cut intr
38. er the regulator causing failure or contaminate downstream apparatus 4 Do NOT open a cylinder valve unless the regulator pressure adjustment valve is completely closed continue to fully open the valve o Unscrew the regulator valve rotate counterclockwise until it turns freely 5 Open the cylinder valve slowly until the inlet gauge registers the cylinder pressure and 6 Turn the pressure adjustment valve clockwise until the desired pressure has been achieved 7 Check for leaks using SNOOP or soapy water 8 Close cylinder valves when not in use 7 10 4 Regulator Precautions e Corrosive gases require stainless steel regulators e Regulators have a maximum flow rate choose one which meets your requirements e As a tank pressure decreases the output pressure of a single stage regulator will increase Two stage regulators will have more stable output pressure as the tank empties e Never use oil on or around regulators Oxygen regulators are especially dangerous because an oxygen rich environment decreases the ignition point of flammable materials e Do not use a regulator which has been dropped or otherwise abused or damaged 7 11 Toxic Gases The toxic gases used in the cleanroom are as follows Gas Concentration Dilution Gas IDLH TLV TWA Flammability 96 ppm ppm Limits Silane 100 N A N A 3 1 4 96 pyrophoric Germane 6 Hydrogen N A 0 2 Reacts with silica Diborane 2 Hydrogen 40 0 1
39. etc How to clean up chemical spills Location and contents of the chemical hygiene plan Chemical hygiene officer or safety manager What an MSDS is and where they and other safety information are stored What type of personal protective equipment to use and when to use it What to do with chemical waste and how to label it appropriately What are the most hazardous materials they use and what precautions to take when handling them The location of safety showers and eyewash units and how to use them The security policies and procedures in the laboratory To question unfamiliar visitors in the lab How and when to report injuries illnesses or other incidents What resources exist within the department or organization for assistance or information regarding laboratory safety and security COMMENTS 72 K K KK Z Cee te Ke KK Z K KK Z Z Z Z Z Z Z Z Z 2 Z Z Z Z Z Z NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 15 Appendix D Incident Report Form Personal Data Employee Student Case No Name Employee Student Phone No Employee Student Investigation Date Dept Employee Supervisor Investigator Name Event Details Employee Student Statement Description of event before during and after Work Related Yes Not Body Part Injured Event Date Time Event Location lab corridor stairs outside etc Reported Injury Date Time Specific L
40. ety program and this manual is to reduce the risk of injury or illness to laboratory workers by ensuring that they have the training information support and equipment needed to work safely in the laboratory This document is a work in progress and not 100 comprehensive It is up the user to determine if their work procedures are appropriate and safe This laboratory manual is a summary of the best practices obtained from the literature listed in the references 1 2 Laboratory Overview The 3350 ft microelectronics laboratory consists of five laboratory bays five service chases a support room and a gowning room e Bay 1 Organic Electronics o Braun MB20 glovebox for organic electronics atomic force microscope and associated electronic instrumentation o Two fume hoods for cleaning and preparation of electronic materials o Diamond and wire saws o Tube furnace and vacuum oven o Thick film printer e Bay 2 Characterization Hitachi Scanning Electron Microscope SEM Energy Dispersive X ray EDX analysis system Dektak Veeco 150 stylus profilometer CRC 150 sputter coater for SEM sample preparation e Bay 3 Film Deposition Bay 1 o Rapid Thermal Processing RTP o Trion II plasma etcher o Torr IBAD thin film deposition system ion beam e beam evaporative and sputter o Torr Combination thin film deposition system evaporative and sputter o Torr high temperature chemical vapor deposition CVD system o Plasmatherm plasma enhanced large a
41. f the envelope and mercury leakage At the end of the life of the UV lamp UV adsorbing films build up on the interior of the lamp causing the lamp to overheat Ensure that the running time meter is operating and the maximum hours is not exceeded 7 15 Machine Power Tools General machine shop safety rules Safety glasses or face shields shall be worn in the machine shop at all times Closed toe shoes shall be worn in the shop No sandals of any type Do not operate any item of equipment unless you are familiar with its operation and have been authorized to operate it If you have any questions regarding the use of equipment ask the laboratory manager No work may be performed using power tools unless at least two people are in the shop area and can see each other Avoid excessive use of compressed air to blow dirt or chips from machinery to avoid scattering chips Never use compressed air guns to clean clothing hair or aim at another person It is preferred to use the vacuum cleaner with a brush attachment In case of injury no matter how slight report it to the shop supervisor The campus emergency phone number is o 111 when dialed from a campus phone o 605 688 5117 when dialed from a non campus phone ie cell phone Do not attempt to remove foreign objects from the eye or body Call 111 or 605 688 5117 Seek medical help Machines shall be locked out tagged out when cleaning repairing or oiling Do not wear ties loose clothing jewel
42. fats or greases unless first passed through a grease trap Any aqueous solutions must be adjusted to a pH between 5 and 10 before release No materials that may interfere with the Brookings waste water treatment facility POTW system even if not listed Acids Clear acids such as sulfuric nitric and acetic can be disposed into the drain of fume hoods if diluted with a full stream of water from the faucet Acid etchants such as gold or chrome must be disposed into waste containers Bases All base waste shall be disposed into waste containers Solvents All hydrocarbon solvent waste shall be collected in 5 gallon containers These containers can be obtained free of charge from EHS Solvent waste shall be separated into non halogenated and halogenated waste containers Record quantities of each solvent waste on the disposal sheets available from the EHS office If a solvent waste contains both non halogenated and halogenated waste it shall be considered halogenated Record the constituents and percentages on the halogenated waste disposal sheet Solvent waste bottles containers may be air dried in the fume hood if less than 5 of material is remaining The bottles shall then be placed in a box labeled Sharps glass and ceramic This container after being securely taped shut shall then be placed directly in the dumpster when full Non Halogenated white container o Acetone o Acetonitrile 46 Cyclohexane Dimethylformamide Ethanol
43. furfurylidene amino 555 84 0 Carcinogen 2 imidazolidinone N 4 5 Nitro 2 furyl 2 531 82 8 Carcinogen thiazolyl acetamide Nitrogen dioxide 10102 44 0 High Acute Toxicity Nitrogen mustard 51 75 2 Carcinogen Mechlorethamine Nitrogen mustard hydrochloride 55 86 7 Carcinogen Mechlorethamine hydrochloride Nitrogen mustard N oxide 126 85 2 Carcinogen Nitrogen mustard N oxide 302 70 5 Carcinogen hydrochloride Nitrogen tetroxide 10544 72 6 High Acute Toxicity Nitrogen trioxide 10544 73 7 High Acute Toxicity 2 Nitropropane 79 46 9 Carcinogen 1 Nitropyrene 5522 43 0 Carcinogen 4 Nitropyrene 57835 92 4 Carcinogen N Nitrosodi n butylamine 924 16 3 Carcinogen N Nitrosodiethanolamine 1116 54 7 Carcinogen N Nitrosodiethylamine 55 18 5 Carcinogen N Nitrosodimethylamine 62 75 9 Carcinogen p Nitrosodiphenylamine 156 10 5 Carcinogen N Nitrosodiphenylamine 86 30 6 Carcinogen N Nitrosodi n propylamine 621 64 7 Carcinogen N Nitroso N ethylurea 759 73 9 Carcinogen 3 N 60153 49 3 Carcinogen Nitrosomethylamino propionitrile 4 N Nitrosomethylamino 1 3 64091 91 4 Carcinogen pyridyl 1 butanone N Nitrosomethylethylamine 10595 95 6 Carcinogen N Nitroso N methylurea 684 93 5 Carcinogen N Nitroso N methylurethane 615 53 2 Carcinogen N Nitrosomethylvinylamine 4549 40 0 Carcinogen N Nitrosomorpholine 59 89 2 Carcinogen N Nitrosonornicotine 16543 55 8 Carcinogen N Nitrosopiperidine 100 75 4 Carcinogen 63
44. g four liters Avoid the use of passenger elevators use freight elevators 25 e Do NOT transport chemicals in an elevator with passengers present A dangerous chemical released in the confined space of an elevator could be catastrophic to passengers e Avoid transporting chemicals during high traffic periods such as between classes e Always carry 2 5 L acid bottles with one hand underneath the bottle and the other hand around the neck or finger hole 7 8 Mixing Chemicals Do NOT add water to concentrated acid Always add acid to water e Always use borosilicate Pyrex glassware when mixing acids Heat may melt plastic laboratory containers e Be mindful of what chemicals are being used around you and how your will react with them exposure risks Do not mix more materials than is necessary if stored longer than one day it must be in a proper container not a beaker e When possible mix chemicals in a fume hood e A mixed chemical expires when any of the constituents expires e Have a spill kit ready e NEVER put chemicals back into the reagent bottle e Dispense acids in a fume hood e Wear appropriate gloves and chemical splash goggles Safety goggles are not always sufficient e Appendix A has a partial list of material incompatible materials 7 9 Chemical Storage 7 9 1 Introduction General guidelines include e Do NOT order more chemical quantity than necessary The laboratory is not designed for nor intend
45. handling leaded solder o Use ventilation system to extract fumes 7 15 11 Heat Guns Heat guns are similar to hair dryers but operate at much higher temperatures Heat guns are used for heat shrink tubing softening plastic and paint and general purpose heating e Hazards o Can produce temperatures as high as 1200 F o Intense heat can easily burn skin and eyes o Motor brushes and exposed heating element can cause ignite combustible materials and flammable liquids e Precautions o Wear eye protection Do not use near combustible or flammable materials Do not touch nozzle or point towards body Best to use on a metal table surface Allow to cool before storing Do not insert anything into or block the gun s nozzle Unplug when done or not using OF iO Os OS 10 10 7 15 12 Ladders e Before climbing a ladder check for stability e Ensure that the base cannot slide and the shoes are intact e Inspect ladder rungs for defects 41 e Do not use step ladders when folded e Make sure step ladders are fully open with the spreader bar down and locked in place e Do not use the top of the step ladder as a step 7 15 13 Hand Tools While hand tools are generally safer than power tools they still present a number of similar hazards e Hazards O O O O O Damaged tools mushroomed heads of chisels and punches Wood handles can splinter and break while in use Flammable gases or liquids can be ignited by sparks from power tools or hand
46. ic Toxicology cetonas lider tactil hate p nio 19 qo MSthods ob Entrv su E bw eitis teet ance Se aes e bie me ud EE ERE 20 4 2 1 Skmn and Eye Contacte E 20 AD Ee ee Te 20 Z2 SATS EE 21 4 23 e EE 21 Controlling Chemical BxpOSUEE ee 21 SN WE ee prc O E 21 5 2 EE Ee 21 5 2 F me Hoods tds 21 52 2 EIU did E 22 x MS WOrk EE EE HE 22 Sel Adams trativo Control oie iai itr ti 22 5 5 Personal Protective Equipment PCE litis 22 5 3 1 SK Prope CUA ARI c 22 e E CN HVE PRO LECTION E 22 3 5 3 Inhalation Protect O ia ata 22 Suspected EX POSUTE ici 23 6 1 Criteria for Suspected Exposure to Toxic bubstances eee 23 6 2 EXPOSURE p 23 Safe Work Practices and Procedures ege ee fe teet edat eebe coon 23 pe RE ee EE 23 7 2 Standard Operating Procedures si ear ees decks dee teet uide Fate dudes 24 3 25 A ru e Ee anaa a E ET TIIE iea 24 Tob Unattended Exper E 25 RE EN EN EE 25 quo F me ere EE 25 dors Transporinge Chemicals asira ee ee ne 25 To Mixing Chemicals Egger 26 T O Chemical Storage o ente tei eg b es AU EON Id e teas ENNEN Ee deg 26 RLA AA aE ERER E E E LEEI A TN i AER 26 A TAE a OI TT E 27 7 9 3 Separation and Segregation of Chemicals A 28 7 9 4 Incompatibility of Chemicals nee eeeescavdicnetasecesavencceneteccvsseeessveveencevavtsaeseaee 29 FLY Biagmnmable E1guids geo ah cies ee 29 7 9 6 Peroxide Forming Compounds and Reactives eene 29 TIP Perchloric Acid or ee pea a
47. icate curves in wood plastic and metal e Hazards o Generally not considered to be as dangerous as other saws o Blade can become stuck in kerf forcing saw upward causing operator to lose control of the saw o Contact with saw blade can cause hand and finger injuries o Wood chips and splinters may be thrown by cutting action e Precautions o Wear eye and hearing protection o Be aware of the saw blade when using o Secure work and keep the saw kerf open to prevent binding o Keep guards in place 7 15 9 Metal Lathe The metal lathe is a machine that turns a metal rod while a tool precisely cuts into the material The high power nature and spinning chuck present a significant hazard of entanglement Loose clothing and hair must be tied back e Hazards o Severe injuries or death can be caused by becoming caught in the rotating stock or being struck by rotating parts 40 o Chips are sharp and can cause cuts e Precautions o Wear eye protection o Tie loose hair secure or remove loose clothing jewelry watches rings bracelets before operating o Use a brush or tool to remove chips 7 15 10 Soldering Irons Soldering is used for both electrical and mechanical connections The high heat can cause burns and the lead constituent in solder is toxic e Hazards o The lead in solder is toxic o The soldering is hot and can cause burns o Solder or flux can be projected outward in to eyes e Precautions o Wear eye protection o Wash hands after
48. ide and sodium peroxide 51 Hydrocyanic acid Nitric acid alkali Hydrofluoric acid Ammonia aqueous or anhydrous Hydrogen peroxide anhydrous Chromium copper iron most metals or their salts aniline any flammable liquids combustible materials nitromethane and all other organic material Iodine Acetylene ammonia aqueous or anhydrous hydrogen Mercury Acetylene alkali metals ammonia fulminic acid nitric acid with ethanol hydrogen oxalic acid Nitrates Combustible materials esters phosphorous sodium acetate stannous chloride water zinc powder Nitric acid concentrated Acetic acid acetone alcohol aniline chromic acid flammable gases and liquids hydrocyanic acid hydrogen sulfide and nitratable substances Nitrites Potassium or sodium cyanide Nitroparaffins Inorganic bases amines Oxalic acid Silver mercury and their salts Oxygen liquid or enriched air Flammable gases liquids or solids such as acetone acetylene grease hydrogen oils phosphorous Perchloric acid Acetic anhydride alcohols bismuth and its alloys paper wood grease oils or any organic materials and reducing agents Peroxides organic Acid inorganic or organic Also avoid friction and store cold Phosphorus white Air oxygen Phosphorus pentoxide Alcohols strong bases water Potassium Air moisture and or ox
49. ilable and adequate for potential spills COMMENTS 68 K KK K E Z Cee te Ke KK Z Z Z Z Z Z Z Z Z Z Z Z Z Z PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT Personnel are wearing appropriate eye and face protection Appropriate eye and face protection available for all hazards Personnel are wearing appropriate gloves Appropriate gloves are available for all hazards in the laboratory Shoes are appropriate to the hazard Clothing is appropriate to the hazards posed in the laboratory COMMENTS SIGNS LABELS PLANS AND POSTINGS Emergency action plan available Material safety data sheets accessible Chemical hygiene plan available Contact sheet posted and up to date Telephones labeled with emergency number Building evacuation routes posted Ice making machines labeled Not for human consumption Chemical refrigerators labeled No food Food refrigerators labeled Food only no chemicals Lasers labeled appropriately High voltage equipment labeled appropriately Emergency equipment labeled with highly visible signs COMMENTS ELECTRICAL HAZARDS Flexible cords in good condition Cords are not on surfaces where flammable liquids may pool 69 K K ee n Z K ee ee Ke 4 Ke Ke KK r Z Z Z Z Z 2 Z Z Z Z 2 Z Z Z Z Z Z NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Cover plates in place for outlets and s
50. inogen pyrido 2 3 b indole Acetaldehyde 76 07 0 Carcinogen Reproductive Toxin Acetamide 60 35 5 Carcinogen Acetochlor 34256 82 1 Carcinogen 2 Acetylaminofluorene 53 96 3 Carcinogen Acifluorfen 62476 59 9 Carcinogen Acrolein 107 02 8 High acute toxicity Acrylamide 79 06 1 Carcinogen Acrylonitrile 107 13 1 Carcinogen Actinomycin D 50 76 0 Carcinogen Adriamycin Doxorubicin 23214 92 8 Carcinogen hydrochloride AF 2 2 2 furyl 3 5 nitro 3588 53 7 Carcinogen 2 furyl acrylamide Aflatoxins Carcinogen Reproductive Toxin Alachlor 15972 60 8 Carcinogen Aldrin 309 00 2 Carcinogen Allyl chloride 107 05 1 Carcinogen Aluminum chloride 7446 70 0 Reproductive Toxin 2 Aminoanthraquinone 117 79 3 Carcinogen p Aminoazobenzene 60 09 3 Carcinogen ortho Aminoazotoluene 97 56 3 Carcinogen 4 Aminobiphenyl 4 92 67 1 Carcinogen aminodiphenyl 3 Amino 9 ethylcarbazole 6109 97 3 Carcinogen hydrochloride 1 Amino 2 82 28 0 Carcinogen methylanthraquinone 2 Amino 5 5 nitro 2 furyl 712 68 5 Carcinogen 1 3 4 thiadiazole 2 Aminopyridine 462 08 8 High acute toxicity Amitrole 61 82 5 Carcinogen Anesthetic gases zx Reproductive Toxin ortho Anisidine 90 04 0 Carcinogen ortho Anisidine hydrochloride 134 29 2 Carcinogen Antimony oxide Antimony 130 96 4 Carcinogen trioxide Aramite 140 57 8 Carcinogen Arsenic inorganic arsenic m Carcinogen compounds Arsenic 7440 38 2 Reproductive Toxin Arsenic pentafluoride gas 784 36 3 High Acute Toxicity Arsine gas
51. ive Substances are thermally unstable liquids or solids liable to undergo a strongly exothermic thermal decomposition even without participation of oxygen air A Pyrophoric Liquid is a liquid that even in small quantities is liable to ignite within five minutes after coming into contact with air A Pyrophoric Solid is a solid that even in small quantities is liable to ignite within five minutes after coming into contact with air Self Heating Substances are solids or liquids other than a pyrophoric substance which by reaction with air and without energy supply is liable to self heat Substances which on Contact with Water Emit Flammable Gases are substances that in contact with water emit flammable gases or are solids or liquids which by interaction with water are liable to become spontaneously flammable or to give off flammable gases in dangerous quantities Oxidizing Liquids are liquids that while in itself is not necessarily combustible may generally by yielding oxygen cause or contribute to the combustion of other material Oxidizing Solids are solids that while itself is not necessarily combustible may generally by yielding oxygen cause or contribute to the combustion of other material Organic Peroxides are organic liquids or solids that contain the bivalent 0 0 structure and may be considered a derivative of hydrogen peroxide where one or both of the hydrogen atoms have been replaced by organic radicals Substances Co
52. l be located outside of the local exhaust for hazardous gas lines Welds shall be kept to an absolute minimum long continuous runs are preferred Standard compression fittings shall not be used for hazardous gas connections Use Ultraseal Parker VCO or VCR Crawford fittings instead All hazardous gas piping shall be dual concentric with the inner chamber transporting the hazardous gas and the outer chamber vented to the laboratory exhaust Hazardous gas piping where passing through walls or floors shall be protected against movement by sleeves and clamps Pipe openings in walls shall be resealed without compromising the fire rating All piping shall be located where it can be readily inspected The gas content of the piping shall be labeled to be readily identifiable The labeling shall be placed every 10 feet of length and at all locations where the piping enters or exits a wall cabinet ceiling etc All piping and component materials shall be compatible with the gases transported Piping and fittings shall comply with American National Standard Code for Pressure Piping Chemical Plant and Petroleum Refinery Piping ANSI B 31 3 The minimum accepted piping shall be fully annealed type 316L seamless stainless steel hydraulic tubing ASTM A 269 or equivalent Hardness Rb 80 or less Tubing is to be free of scratches Piping shall be suitable for bending and flaring 0 035 wall thickness 14 OD with a minimum working pressure of 5906 PSIG
53. loropropene 542 75 6 Carcinogen Dieldrin 60 57 1 Carcinogen Dienestrol 84 17 3 Carcinogen Diepoxybutane 1464 53 5 Carcinogen Diesel engine exhaust Carcinogen Di 2 ethylhexyl phthalate 117 81 7 Carcinogen 1 2 Diethylhydrazine 1615 80 1 Carcinogen Diethylnitrosamine 55 18 5 Carcinogen Diethyl sulfate 64 67 5 Carcinogen Diethylstilbestrol 56 53 1 Carcinogen Diglycidyl resorcinol ether DGRE 101 90 6 Carcinogen Dihydrosafrole 94 58 6 Carcinogen 3 3 Dimethoxybenzidine ortho 119 90 4 Carcinogen Dianisidine 3 3 Dimethoxybenzidine 20325 40 0 Carcinogen dihydrochloride ortho Dianisidine dihydrochloride 4 Dimethylaminoazobenzene 60 11 7 Carconogen methyl yellow Dimethylcarbamoyl chloride 79 44 7 Carcinogen Dimethyl formamide 68 12 2 Reproductive Toxin 1 1 Dimethylhydrazine UDMH 57 14 7 Carcinogen 1 2 Dimethylhydrazine 540 73 8 Carcinogen Dimethylvinylchloride 513 37 1 Carcinogen 74 Dimethyl mercury High Acute Toxicity Dimethyl sulfate 77 78 1 Carcinogen High Acute Toxicity Dimethyl sulfide 75 18 3 High Acute Toxicity Dinitrooctyl phenol 63149 81 5 Reproductive Toxin 1 6 Dinitropyrene 42397 64 8 Carcinogen 1 8 Dinitropyrene 42397 65 9 Carcinogen 2 4 Dinitrotoluene 121 14 2 Carcinogen Diphenylhydantoin Phenytoin 57 41 0 Carcinogen Diphenylhydantoin Phenytoin 630 93 3 Carcinogen sodium salt Direct Black 38 technical grade 1937 37 7 Carcinogen Direct Blue 6 technical
54. m bromate 7758 01 2 Carcinogen Procarbazine 671 16 9 Carcinogen Procarbazine hydrochloride 366 70 1 Carcinogen Progesterone 57 83 0 Carcinogen 1 3 Propane sultone 1120 71 4 Carcinogen beta Propiolactone 57 57 8 Carcinogen Propylene glycol monomethyl 107 98 2 Reproductive Toxin 64 ether Propylene oxide 75 56 9 Carcinogen Propylthiouracil 51 52 5 Carcinogen 14 17 Q Chemical Name CAS Number Hazard N A 14 18 R Chemical Name CAS Number Hazard Reserpine 50 55 5 Carcinogen RH 7592 Reproductive Toxin 14 19 S Chemical Name CAS Number Hazard Saccharin 81 07 2 Carcinogen Saccharin sodium 128 44 9 Carcinogen Safrole 94 59 7 Carcinogen Selenium sulfide 7446 34 6 Carcinogen Silica crystalline Carcinogen Sodium azide 26628 22 8 High Acute Toxicity Sodium cyanide and other 143 33 9 High Acute Toxicity cyanide salts Streptozotocin 18883 66 4 Carcinogen Styrene oxide 96 09 3 Carcinogen Sulfallate 95 06 7 Carcinogen Systhane RH 3866 8867 89 00 Reproductive Toxin 14 20 T Chemical Name CAS Number Hazard Talc containing asbestiform Carcinogen fibers Testosterone and its esters 58 22 0 Carcinogen 2 3 7 8 Tetrachlorodibenzo 1746 01 6 Carcinogen para dioxin TCDD 1 1 2 2 Tetrachloroethane 79 34 5 Carcinogen Tetrachloroethylene 127 18 4 Carcinogen Perchloroethylene p a a a Tet
55. manual in the laboratory An SOP template is included in Appendix E 7 3 Personal Behavior Professional conduct is required in any laboratory e Avoid distracting or startling other workers e No practical jokes or horseplay e No visitors in areas where hazardous materials are stored or in use e Wear shoes which completely enclose the foot e Long hair must be tied back e Do not contaminate phones etc with gloved hands e Avoid working alone There are also cleanroom specific issues regarding behavior e Never o Comb hair in the gowning room o Bring food or drink into the gowning room or cleanroom laboratory o Chew gum or tobacco in the gowning room or cleanroom laboratory o Run or walk fast in the cleanroom under normal circumstances For example walking at 5 mph creates twice the particles as walking at 2 mph O Use standard paper pencils felt tip pens or pencils in the cleanroom o Bring cardboard into the cleanroom 24 7 4 Unattended Experiments Often experiments require several hours for completion and are left unattended There are several guidelines which must be followed 7 5 Laboratory lights shall be left on Signs shall be posted indicating the nature of the experiment and the chemicals utilized Signs shall include contact information for the researcher student Signs shall include estimated completion time date for the experiment Abandoned chemicals will be disposed of and the associated costs billed
56. nce cutt off saws pdf September 21 2015 24 Drill Press Internet https wwvw ehs harvard edu sites ehs harvard edu files machine shop safety osha guid ance drill press pdf September 21 2015 25 Basic Safety Principles Internet https wwvw ehs harvard edu sites ehs harvard edu files machine shop safety osha guid ance general machine shop safety pdf September 21 2015 26 Lathe Internet https www ehs harvard edu sites ehs harvard edu files machine_shop_safety_osha_guid ance_lathe pdf September 21 2015 27 Portable Tools Internet https www ehs harvard edu sites ehs harvard edu files machine_shop_safety_osha_guid ance_portable_tools pdf September 21 2015 28 Sanders Internet https www ehs harvard edu sites ehs harvard edu files machine_shop_safety_osha_guid ance_sanders pdf September 21 2015 29 Machine Shop Safety Rules Internet http carleton columbia edu machine shop safety rules September 21 2015 30 Basic Safety Principles Internet https wwvw ehs harvard edu sites ehs harvard edu files machine shop safety osha guid ance general machine shop safety pdf September 21 2015 80
57. nds while you are in the laboratory leave immediately without removing the cleanroom apparel and exit the building via the stairs All accidents injuries or near misses must be reported to the laboratory manager and to the principal investigator faculty Medical Emergencies In the event of injury or illness where assistance is necessary call 111 or 605 688 5117 A first aid kit is located in the gowning room This kit shall include o Basic bandages sterile gauze and tape o Sterile examination gloves o Mask for mouth to mouth resuscitation o Spill kit with disinfectant for the cleanup and disposal of blood vomit or other bodily fluids All accidents injuries or near misses must be reported to the laboratory manager and to the principal investigator faculty Chemical Exposure Skin or Clothing Immediately flush the affected area with water for a minimum of 15 minutes In the event of skin contact flush with water for at least 15 minutes Remove contaminated clothing while rinsing Seconds count do not worry about modesty Alert laboratory personnel of the incident and get medical attention based on MSDS GHS recommendation Discard or separately launder contaminated clothing Clothing that cannot be decontaminated shall be discarded Contact EHS for instructions regarding the disposal of clothing contaminated with particularly hazardous materials If assistance is necessary call 111 or 605 688 5117 All accidents inj
58. ne N Methylolacrylamide 924 42 5 Carcinogen N Methyl 2 pyrrolidone 872 50 4 Reproductive Toxin Methylthiouracil 560 4 2 Carcinogen Methyl trichlorosilane 75 79 6 High Acute Toxicity Methyl vinyl ketone 78 94 4 High Acute Toxicity Metiram 9005 42 2 Carcinogen Metronidazole 443 48 1 Carcinogen Michler s ketone 90 94 8 Carcinogen Mirex 2385 85 5 Carcinogen Mitomycin C 50 07 7 Carcinogen Monocrotaline 315 22 0 Carcinogen 5 Morpholinomethyl 3 5 139 91 3 Carcinogen nitro furfurylidene amino 2 oxalolidinone Mustard Gas 505 60 2 Carcinogen 14 14 N Chemical Name CAS Number Hazard Nafenopin 3771 19 5 Carcinogen 1 Naphthylamine alpha 124 32 7 Carcinogen napthylamine 2 Naphthylamine beta 91 59 8 Carcinogen napthylamine Nickel and certain nickel Carcinogen compounds 62 Nickel carbonyl 13463 39 3 Carcinogen High Acute Toxicity Nickel subsulfide 12035 72 2 Carcinogen Niridazole 61 47 4 Carcinogen Nitrilotriacetric acid 139 13 9 Carcinogen Nitrilotriacetric acid trisodium 18662 53 8 Carcinogen salt monohydrate 5 Nitroacenaphthene 602 87 9 Carcinogen 5 Nitro o anisidine 99 59 2 Carcinogen 4 Nitrobiphenyl 93 93 3 Carcinogen 6 Nitrochrysene 7496 02 8 Carcinogen Nitrofen technical grade 1836 75 5 Carcinogen 2 Nitrofluorene 607 57 8 Carcinogen Nitrofurazone 59 87 0 Carcinogen 1 5 Nitro
59. ngestion of a small amount of HF can cause death Make sure to scrub underneath your fingernails this is a commonly overlooked area for burns Treatment will generally require removal of the fingernail to ensure the HF acid has been removed HF neutralizing cream calcium gluconate MUST be available in the laboratory Note that the calcium gluconate cream has an expiration date 48 HF users shall NOT work alone It is strongly suggested to add 1 to 2 nitric acid to HF acid This will provide a means of warning by both the odor and pain of accidental skin contact Note that some fluoride containing chemicals such as ammonium fluoride sodium fluoride sulfur tetra fluoride and ammonium bi fluoride can react to produce HF acid At present HF acid is not allowed in the cleanroom 49 12 Disciplinary Actions The guidelines outlined in this manual are intended to facilitate safe effective use of the laboratory Violations of these guidelines result can result in injury or death as well as damage to equipment It is the user s responsibility and obligation to know and understand these guidelines The following three step procedures will be used to discipline laboratory offenders 12 1 First Offense An email shall be sent to the individual indicating the infraction and requesting a meeting with the individual The individual shall meet with the laboratory manager to discuss the infraction and any corrective actions A warning may
60. nual 3rd ed 1991 18 Clayton George and F Clayton editors Patty s Industrial Hygiene and Toxicology Wiley Interscience 1991 Compressed Gas Association Inc Handbook of Compressed Gases 3rd ed VanNostrand Reinhold Company New York 1990 Furr A Keith Handbook of Laboratory Safety 5th ed The Chemical Rubber Company 2000 Gosselin et al Clinical Toxicology of Commercial Products 5th ed Williams amp Wilkins 1984 Lewis Richard J The Condensed Chemical Dictionary 12th ed Van Nostrand Reinhold Company 1993 Meyer Eugene Chemistry of Hazardous Materials Prentice Hall Englewood Cliffs NJ 1977 National Academy of Sciences Prudent Practices for Handling Hazardous Chemicals in Laboratories 1995 National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health Registry of Toxic Effects of Chemical Substances published annually National Research Council Prudent Practices in the Laboratory National Academy Press Washington DC 1995 Office of Technology Assessment Task Force Reproductive Health Hazards in the Workplace Science Information Resource Center Philadephia PA 1988 Patnaik Pradyot Comprehensive Guide to Hazardous Properties of Chemical Substances Wiley and Sons NY 1999 Pohanish Richard Rapid Guide to Chemical Incompatibilities Wiley amp Sons NY 1997 U S Department of Health and Human Services Occupational Health Guidelines for Chemical Hazards NIOSH OSHA Stull Jeffrey
61. ocation building floor room column Observation Near Miss O First Aid O0 MTBFA OSHA Injury Severity Work Restrictions 1 Lost Time Restriction 73 1 Allergen Exposure 1 Bitten By O Car Truck Motorized Vehicle 1 Caught In Between O Contact with Chemical O Contact with Hot Surface Accident Type O Environmental Exposure Ergonomic O Needle Stick O Pushing Pulling O Slip Trip Fall j Struck Against j Struck By O Twist Turn j Other Device Type Device Brand Contaminated Sharp Involved Needle Stick Allergic Agent Chemicals or Biohazards Involved Equipment Involved ID Number Describe Possible Causes Equipment Tools PPE Environment Procedure Personnel Other Causal Factors 74 Recommendations Corrective Actions Preventive Actions Person Responsible Due Date 75 16 Appendix E SOP Template Standard Operating Procedure for work with Chemical name class CAS Various PI Date Building Room Designated Work Area for PHSs 1 Circumstances of Use 2 Potential Hazards 3 Engineering Controls 4 Work Practice Controls 5 Personal protective equipment PPE 6 Transportation and Storage 7 Waste Disposal 8 Exposures Unintended contact 9 Spill Procedure
62. oride 7664 39 3 High Acute Toxicity 14 9 I Chemical Name CAS Number Hazard Indeno 1 2 3 cd pyrene 193 39 5 Carcinogen Iodine inhalation only 7553 56 2 High Acute Toxicity IQ 2 Amino 3 76180 96 6 Carcinogen methylimidazp 4 5 f quinoline Iron dextran complex 9004 66 4 Carcinogen Iron pentacarbonyl 13463 40 6 High Acute Toxicity Isopropyl formate 625 55 8 High Acute Toxicity Isosafrole 120 58 1 Carcinogen 14 10 J Chemical Name CAS Number Hazard 60 N A 14 11 K Chemical Name CAS Number Hazard Karathane 131 72 6 Reproductive Toxin 14 12 L Chemical Name CAS Number Hazard Lactofen 77501 63 4 Carcinogen Lasiocarpine 303 34 4 Carcinogen Lead inorganic compounds 7439 92 1 Reproductive Toxin Lead acetate 301 04 2 Carcinogen Lead phosphate 7446 27 7 Carcinogen Lead subacetate 1335 32 6 Carcinogen Lindane mE Carcinogen 14 13 M Chemical Name CAS Number Hazard Mancozeb 8018 01 7 Carcinogen Maneb 12427 38 2 Carcinogen Me A alpha C 2 Amino 3 68005 83 7 Carcinogen methyl 9H pyrido 2 3 b indole Medroxyprogesterone 71 58 9 Carcinogen acetate Melphalan 148 82 3 Carcinogen Merphalan 531 76 0 Carcinogen Mestranol 72 33 3 Carcinogen Methacryloyl chloride 920 46 7 High Acute Toxicity 2 Methoxyethanol 109 86 4 Reproductive Toxin 2 Methoxyethyl acetate 110 49 6 Reproductive Toxin 8 Methoxypsoralen wi
63. r time but this does not affect the usability e Organic acids acetic picric shall be stored separately from mineral acids o Acetic is flammable and can be stored with the flammable liquids AWAY from possible contact with nitric acid o Pence acid can form explosive salts with many metals or by itself when dry e Bases e Oxidizers e Perchlorates 28 e Flammable or combustible liquids shall be stored in flammable cabinets e All other liquids 7 9 3 3 Gases e Toxic gases e Flammable gases e Oxidizing and inert gases 7 9 4 Incompatibility of Chemicals Incompatible materials shall not be stored together as they can be inadvertently mixed or spilled due to being stored together The resulting reaction can cause heat fire explosion or toxic gases A partial list of material incompatibility is listed in Appendix A 7 9 5 Flammable Liquids The flammability of a chemical is determined by the lowest temperature for which the material can be ignited flash point Chemicals with a flash point below 200 F 93 3 C are considered fire hazards and shall be stored only in approved containers Do not store paper or other flammable materials in the flammable liquid cabinet The main objective is to avoid accumulation of vapors and to control sources of ignition 7 9 6 Peroxide Forming Compounds and Reactives e Peroxide forming chemicals can form explosive peroxide crystals on exposure to air and require special handling procedures
64. rachlorotoluene 5216 25 1 Carcinogen Tetranitromethane 509 14 8 Carcinogen Thioacetamide 62 55 5 Carcinogen 4 4 Thiodianiline 139 65 1 Carcinogen Thiourea 62 56 6 Carcinogen Thorium dioxide 1314 20 1 Carcinogen 65 TOK herbicide 1836 75 5 Reproductive Toxin Toluene diisocyanate 26471 62 5 Carcinogen ortho Toluidine 95 53 4 Carcinogen ortho Toluidine hydrochloride 636 21 5 Carcinogen para Toluidine 106 49 0 Carcinogen Toxaphene Polychorinated 8001 35 2 Carcinogen camphenes Trasulfan 299 75 2 Carcinogen Trichlormethine Trimustine 817 09 4 Carcinogen hydrochloride 2 4 6 Trichlorophenol 88 06 2 Carcinogen Trimethyltin chloride 1066 45 1 High Acute Toxicity Triphenyltin hydroxide 76 87 9 Carcinogen Trichloroethylene 79 01 6 Carcinogen Tris aziridinyl para 68 76 8 Carcinogen benzoquinone Triaziquone Tris 1 aziridinyl phosphine 52 24 4 Carcinogen sulfide Thiotepa Tris 2 chloroethyl 115 96 8 Carcinogen phosphate Tris 2 3 dibromopropyl 126 72 7 Carcinogen phosphate Trp P 1 Tryptophan P 1 62450 06 0 Carcinogen Trp P 2 Tryptophan P 2 62450 07 1 Carcinogen Trypan blue commercial 72 57 1 Carcinogen grade 14 21 U Chemical Name CAS Number Hazard Uracil mustard 66 75 1 Carcinogen Urethane Ethyl carbamate 51 79 6 Carcinogen 14 22 V Chemical Name CAS Number Hazard Vinyl bromide 593 60
65. rea chemical vapor deposition CVD system e Bay 4 Film Deposition Bay 2 Wintek plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition CVD system Picosun atomic layer deposition ALD system KJL thin film sputter deposition system with load lock for rapid sample transfer Kulicke and Soffa gold ball bonder e Bay 5 Lithography o Yellow and red darkroom lighting O O o Fume hood for cleaning and preparation of electronic materials O O 1 3 De ionized water system Substrate spin dryer VCA2000 contact angle measurement system Substrate spin coater in laminar flow hood Kasper mask aligner and UV light source in laminar flow hood CVC evaporative and sublimation thin film deposition system Fume hood for cleaning and preparation of electronic materials O O O O O O 0 Laboratory Safety Training Each of the microelectronics laboratories poses some risk to the user due to hazardous materials and or equipment Therefore all laboratory users including faculty staff and students are required to complete the following training 1 4 1 4 1 EE amp CS Laboratory Safety This course is conducted by the EE amp CS laboratory manager and will be offered every fall Additional dates will be offered as needed for new students Attendance for this course is required every year Contact the laboratory manager or faculty for additional information EHS Chemical Hygiene and Laboratory Safety Class This course is offered periodically throughout the
66. ream The MSDS generally indicates whether or not skin absorption is a significant route of exposure Note that the absorption of a chemical through the skin is affected by the health of the skin Skin that is dry and cracked or has cuts has less ability to prevent the absorption of chemicals Depending on the type of chemical standard nitrile gloves may be an effective barrier Other chemicals may require more robust gloves In the event of skin contact flush with water for at least 15 minutes Remove contaminated clothing while rinsing Alert laboratory personnel of the incident and get medical attention based on MSDS GHS recommendation Note that hydrofluoric HF acid exposure may not result in an immediate burn sensation but can cause severe burns It is important to be conscientious of what you touch with gloved hands For example do not handle your cell phone with gloves as you will transmit whatever you are protecting your hands from to your cell phone which you will later touch without gloved hands Many people will inadvertently touch their faces with gloved hands This WILL transmit chemicals to the face AND contamination to your gloves experiments Do NOT wear gloves outside of the laboratory bays Remove gloves before touching the door to the gowning room Chemical contact with eyes may cause temporary injury or permanent vision loss Safety goggles face shield or both may be used to prevent the risk of eye contact Contact lenses may
67. ric Shock In case of electric shock do not grab the person in an attempt to remove them from the source of electric shock Use an insulating stick to dislodge the person from contact with electricity Turn off the circuit breaker students are required to know the location of the disconnect or circuit breaker for their equipment if accessible If assistance is necessary call 111 or 605 688 5117 All accidents injuries or near misses must be reported to the laboratory manager and to the principal investigator faculty 2 6 Toxic Gas Alarm Several extremely toxic gases are used in the laboratory Each of these gases has a distinct odor and or hazard Silane pyrophoric spontaneously burns or explodes Germane highly toxic Diborane highly toxic Methane flammable Hydrogen flammable Phosphine smells like decaying fish highly toxic Ammonia pungent odor toxic A toxic gas monitoring system continuously monitors eleven independent gas detectors several UV IR detectors exhaust failure and scrubber failure During normal operation the green light on the tower will be illuminated The CVD system users shall continuously monitor the status of the light tower and respond as indicated below for yellow and red alarms 2 6 1 Yellow Toxic Gas Alarm A yellow alarm indicates detection of hazardous gases within OSHA safety levels Immediately notify the laboratory manager and or faculty o Jason Sternhagen 60
68. rotect the hands It is best to clean glassware immediately after using The longer that the dirt remains on the glassware the harder it is to remove Wash one piece of glassware at a time to prevent breakage and personal injury and keep a rubber mat at the bottom of the sink Wear safety glasses and gloves while cleaning glassware Do NOT use abrasive cleaners or Scotch Brite pads to clean glass These materials will scratch the glass making it easier for dirt to stick to the glass Use Teflon safe pads to clean glassware BonAmi is a non abrasive cleaner suitable for glassware A simple but limited method for determining whether glassware is clean is to observe how well water wets to the class Water beads up on dirty glass but sheets off of clean glass Compressed Air Guns Compressed air and nitrogen guns are used to blow dry or clean samples However if not used carefully they can inflate the skin like a balloon and tear skin away Be cautious when using 35 compressed air guns and keep pressure limited to the minimum effective value Use OSHA safety guns to limit the potential pressure to 30 psi 7 14 9 Ultraviolet Lamps The Kasper mask aligner utilizes an ultraviolet UV lamp for exposing photoresist Do not remove the lamp cover while operating as this will cause sunburns and damage the eyes Do not handle the UV lamp with bare hands as oils from the skin will burn into the glass and result in premature failure or cracking o
69. rrosive liquids a face shield large enough to protect the chin neck ears and face shall be worn e Goggles AND a face shield shall be used when working with liquid nitrogen 5 5 3 Inhalation Protection e Whenever exposure by inhalation is likely to exceed the threshold limits described in the MSDS or GHP use a fume hood 22 6 Suspected Exposure 6 1 Criteria for Suspected Exposure to Toxic Substances e A hazardous chemical leaked or was released in an uncontrolled manner e Astudent researcher had direct skin or eye contact e Symptoms such as headache rash nausea coughing tearing eye irritation etc are exhibited and the symptoms correlate with laboratory exposure use e Two or more students researchers have the same symptom s 6 2 Exposure Assessment e Interview the victim e Document the essential information regarding the circumstances o Chemical under suspicion o Chemicals being used or stored in the laboratory o Compare the symptoms listed in the MSDS GHP with those exhibited in the victim Were proper PPE devices used or effective o Provide the victim with a medical examination Determine if corrective actions are necessary and notify all students and faculty of the outcome 7 Safe Work Practices and Procedures 7 1 Introduction It is critically important to understand the hazards before you begin Ask yourself and be able to answer the following questions e What are the hazards e What are the worst things tha
70. rrosive to Metal are substances or a mixtures that by chemical action will materially damage or even destroy metals Health Hazards Acute Toxicity includes five GHS categories from which the appropriate elements relevant to transport consumer worker and environment protection can be selected Skin Corrosion means the production of irreversible damage to the skin following the application of a test substance for up to 4 hours 17 3 4 3 3 5 Skin Irritation means the production of reversible damage to the skin following the application of a test substance for up to 4 hours Serious Eye Damage means the production of tissue damage in the eye or serious physical decay of vision following application of a test substance to the front surface of the eye which is not fully reversible within 21 days of application Eye Irritation means changes in the eye following the application of a test substance to the front surface of the eye which are fully reversible within 21 days of application Respiratory Sensitizer means a substance that induces hypersensitivity of the airways following inhalation of the substance Skin Sensitizer means a substance that will induce an allergic response following skin contact Germ Cell Mutagenicity means an agent giving rise to an increased occurrence of mutations in populations of cells and or organisms Carcinogenicity means a chemical substance or a mixture of chemical substances that induce cancer or increa
71. ry gloves etc around moving or rotating machinery Long hair must be tied back or covered to keep it away from moving machinery Hand protection in the form of suitable gloves should be used for handling hot objects glass or sharp edged items Do not work in the shop if tired or in a hurry No horseplay in the shop areas All machines must be operated with all required guards and shields in place 36 e A brush hook or special tool is preferred for removal of chips shavings etc from the work area Never use the hands e Keep fingers clear of the point of operation of machines by using special tools or devices such as push sticks hooks pliers etc Never use a rag near moving machinery e Ahard hammer should not be used to strike a hardened tool or any machine part Use a soft faced hammer e Practice cleanliness and orderliness in the shop areas e Keep the floor around machines clean dry and free from trip hazards Do not allow chips to accumulate e Think through the entire job before starting e Before starting a machine always check it for correct setup and always check to see if machine is clear by operating it manually if possible e Do not drink alcoholic beverages before or during work in the machine shop area Do not bring food snacks into the shop e Don t rush or take chances Obey all safety rules e If you have not worked with a particular material before check the hazardous material safety data sheets MSDS
72. ry Manager assistant along with a paper and electronic copy of the MSDS GHS BEFORE bringing the material into the lab or using the material o A paper and electronic copy of the MSDS and or GHS shall be provided by the requester to the laboratory manager e All materials shall be labeled by the Manager assistant with o Date received Expiration date Faculty responsible for purchase disposal fees will be billed to this person Inventory number Management signoff initials Oo Oo O 15 3 3 Any materials which have been mixed in the laboratory and will not be consumed disposed of in one day must be labeled by student faculty with o Date mixed o Constituents ratio o Expiration date o Faculty student who mixed Squirt bottles of general purpose materials isopropyl acetone etc only need to be labeled with their contents Material Safety Data Sheet MSDS All chemical and material manufacturer and distributors are required to conduct a hazard evaluation and document this on a Material Safety Data Sheet MSDS The MSDS sheets generally follow a 16 section format 3 4 Identification Hazard s identification Composition information on ingredients First aid measures Fire fighting measures Accidental release measures Handling and storage Exposure controls personal protection Physical and chemical properties Stability and reactivity Toxicological information Ecological information Disposal considerations
73. ry practices to prevent the exposure to chemicals as described in section 6 5 4 Administrative Controls Rotate job assignments and work schedules to prevent a cumulative exposure to chemicals Prioritize research experiments using hazardous materials during regular work hours Monday through Friday In addition it may be advantageous to avoid starting procedures late in the day which may result in work extending into the evening 5 5 Personal Protective Equipment PPE Faculty principal investigators shall consider the hazards involved in the research and develop written protocols detailing the required PPE for those activities Personal protective equipment includes gloves eye protection respirators etc 5 5 1 Skin Protection e Laboratory coat shoe covers and hair net shall be worn at all times in the lab e Long hair shall be secured e Shoes which completely enclose the foot shall be worn e Full length pants shall be worn e Gloves appropriate for the type of chemical exposure shall be worn For example do not use basic nitrile gloves for working with strong acids or bases Consult Prudent Practices in the Laboratory Handling and Disposal of Chemicals National Research Council 2011 for selection criteria or your glove supplier e Cryogenic gloves shall be worn when working with liquid nitrogen 5 5 2 Eye Protection e Goggles and or face shields shall be used when there is a risk of contact with chemicals When working with co
74. s All accidents injuries or near misses must be reported to the laboratory manager and to the principal investigator faculty Immediately flush the eyes at an eye wash station and hold the eyelids open Apply a sterile 1 calcium gluconate solution to the eyes Do NOT apply a 2 5 calcium gluconate solution to the eyes Call 111 or 605 688 5117 to request medical assistance while the victim is being treated The affected person MUST obtain medical attention from a doctor who understands HF acid burns All accidents injuries or near misses must be reported to the laboratory manager and to the principal investigator faculty 2 4 3 3 Inhalation Move the victim to fresh air and call 111 or 605 688 5117 for medical assistance Begin CPR if the victim has stopped breathing The victim should be under the observation of a doctor for at least 24 hours All accidents injuries or near misses must be reported to the laboratory manager and to the principal investigator faculty 13 Do not induce vomiting and do not give anything by mouth to the victim if unconscious Have the victim drink large amounts of room temperature liquid as soon as possible The victim can consume up to 30 tums or other antacid tablets Do NOT give the victim any bicarbonates Call 111 or 605 688 5117 to request medical assistance All accidents injuries or near misses must be reported to the laboratory manager and to the principal investigator faculty 2 5 Elect
75. s the maximum weight of the trailer and the load For example the black P amp T flatbed trailer owned by the EE department has a GVW of 14 000 lbs The trailer itself weights 2400 lbs Therefore the maximum load on the trailer is 11 600 lbs e The tow vehicle ie truck has a Gross Combined Weight Rating GCWR which is the maximum weight of the truck passengers cargo fuel and trailer load This rating can be found on a tag in the driver s side door jamb or in the owner s manual of the truck e Generally the hitch is comprised of a ball that is mounted to either the rear bumper of the truck or a receiver hitch that is mounted to the frame A frame mounted hitch will have a significantly higher tow capacity and should be used if possible e The hitch will have several ratings This includes the maximum vertical tongue weight on the hitch and the maximum trailer weight Neither of these limits can be exceeded Adjust the position of the load on the trailer to prevent the maximum tongue weight from being exceeded e Perform a safety inspection before each trip o The pin securing ball mount to the receiver hitch is secured The safety chains are attached and not dragging on the ground The electrical plug for the trailer lights and brakes is attached All trailer lights are functional All tires are properly inflated and in good condition Ov OOO 7 18 Particularly Hazardous Substances 7 18 1 Introduction Particularly hazardous subst
76. se its incidence Reproductive Toxicity includes adverse effects on sexual function and fertility in adult males and females as well as developmental toxicity in offspring Specific Target Organ Toxicity STOT 2 category distinguishes between single and repeated exposure for Target Organ Effects All significant health effects not otherwise specifically included in the GHS that can impair function both reversible and irreversible immediate and or delayed are included in the non lethal target organ systemic toxicity class TOST Aspiration Hazard includes severe acute effects such as chemical pneumonia varying degrees of pulmonary injury or death following aspiration Aspiration is the entry of a liquid or solid directly through the oral or nasal cavity or indirectly from vomiting into the trachea and lower respiratory system Environmental Hazards Acute Aquatic Toxicity means the intrinsic property of a material to cause injury to an aquatic organism in a short term exposure Chronic Aquatic Toxicity means the potential or actual properties of a material to cause adverse effects to aquatic organisms during exposures that are determined in relation to the lifecycle of the organism Other Chemical Safety Resources Armour Margaret Ann Hazardous Laboratory Chemical Disposal Guide Lewis Publishers NY 1996 Bretherick I Handbook of Reactive Chemical Hazards 4th ed CRC Press 1990 British Cryogenic Council Cryogenics Safety Ma
77. sed for transport of Valve caps in place when not in use Empty or unused cylinders returned to supplier Gases and cryogenic liquids dispensed in areas with good ventilation Cryogenic Dewars vented or have pressure relief devices Glass Dewars shielded COMMENTS PRESSURE AND VACUUM SYSTEMS Vacuum glassware in good condition Vacuum pressure relief devices in place and inspected Glass vessels shielded enclosed Temperature and pressure measuring devices in place where needed COMMENTS CHEMICAL HOODS AND VENTILATION Each chemical fume hood has been tested within last year Sash is closed when not in active use Chemical fume hood vents baffles unobstructed Chemical fume hood used with sash in appropriate position Chemical storage is limited in actively used hoods Chemicals and equipment are at least 6 inches from the sash COMMENTS 71 K K eee Ke Ke KK Z Mon n r Z K K ee Ke Z Z Z Z Z Z ZZZ Z Z Z Z Z Z Z Z NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA SECURITY Doors to lab operate close and lock properly Windows operate close and lock properly Alarm systems are operating properly Keys and access cards kept in a secure area out of sight COMMENTS TRAINING AWARENESS Workers have attended all appropriate training Training has been documented Laboratory personnel know What to do in the event of an emergency such as fire injury
78. t could happen e What do I need to do to be prepared e What work practices facilities or personal protective equipment are necessary to minimize the risk Hazard Best Practices e Know the locations and how to use emergency equipment such as safety showers eye wash etc e Do not block safety equipment walkways or exits e Prevent trip hazards e Know emergency response procedures facility alarms and building evacuation routes e Know and use required personal protective equipment 23 e Be alert to and report unsafe conditions e Follow proper waste disposal procedures e Do NOT block eyewash stations e Keep your work area clean o Reduced chance for accidental spills Less likely to have contamination Prevents damage to laboratory facilities Looks more professional to outsiders touring our facilities O O O Perform a general cleanup once per week 7 2 Standard Operating Procedures Each faculty PI shall develop written Standard Operating Procedures SOPs for the research protocols and procedures conducted in the laboratory not specifically covered in this manual SOPs are required for any particularly hazardous materials The SOP provides a written means of informing researchers about hazards in the laboratory standardization of methods and improved research quality The SOP shall be accessible to all laboratory users by maintaining a hard copy in the SOP binder in the laboratory or with the equipment user s
79. t expose chemicals to heat or direct sunlight Do not store chemicals in the workspace of the fume hood unless the chemical is currently in use Use the labeling protocol described in this document Compatible acids may be stored in the cabinet beneath fume hoods labeled acid storage Compatible solvents may be stored in the cabinets beneath fume hoods labeled solvent storage Inventory An inventory of all chemicals materials shall be created for each laboratory and posted in a conspicuous location This will assist in ensuring that duplicate materials are not purchased stored and a later expense incurred for its disposal It will also help to ensure that outdated materials are properly disposed The inventory data fields shall include the following Name as printed on the container Molecular formula CAS registry number Source vendor Source vendor part number Size of container or quantity of material Hazard classification for storage handling and disposal Date of acquisition and expiration date Storage location Faculty responsible for disposal Disposal date 27 e Checkmark to indicate presence of MSDS GHS materials 7 9 3 Separation and Segregation of Chemicals Materials should be separated by dry reagents liquids and gases and then by hazard class e Oxidizing salts e Flammable solids e Water reactive solids e All other solids e Mineral acids hydrochloric sulfuric phosphoric nitric perchloric
80. taminated sharp objects In case of chemical injection wash the affected area with soap and water and seek medical attention 5 Controlling Chemical Exposure 5 1 Introduction A combination of engineering controls work practices administrative control and personal protective equipment PPE can be used to keep chemical exposure within allowable limits 5 2 Engineering Controls The best means of controlling chemical exposure is through engineering controls Examples include e Substitution of a less toxic material e A change in the process to minimize the contact with a hazardous chemical e Isolation or enclosure of a process or operation ie glovebox e The use of wet methods to reduce the generation of dusts or other particulates e General dilution ventilation e Local exhaust including fume hoods e Safety shields 5 2 1 Fume Hoods The fume hood is a means of local exhaust combined with an integral safety shield Fume hoods should be used for the following applications e Airborne concentrations of a chemical which may approach the maximum permissible exposure limit e Flammable vapors that may approach 10 of the lower explosion limit e Odors produced which may be irritating or annoying to other laboratory users 2 5 2 2 Glove Boxes A glove box provides an inert environment to prevent contamination of a chemical process or over exposure of a user to a hazardous chemical 5 3 Work Practices Develop and use good laborato
81. tc Indoor air quality investigations and mitigation in conjunction with Facilities and Services Coordinate with Emergency Management on planning for campus emergencies Laboratory Researcher Student The laboratory researcher student has the following responsibilities Do not perform any task unless you are properly prepared Attend EE amp CS laboratory safety training every year Attend EHS chemical hygiene and laboratory safety training as soon as is possible Follow all procedures and practices as outlined in this manual and as directed from supervisors faculty principal investigators 10 Log in and out when entering or leaving the facility Report all injuries accidents or near misses to the cleanroom manager and faculty principal investigator Assist in the development of operating procedures for particularly hazardous materials Participate in weekly cleaning of the laboratory Know what the alarms mean in your work area If an alarm goes off try to find out why See if there is anything you can do to help Notify lab manager or faculty immediately Don t ignore or just turn off the alarm When you have the slightest doubt about anything ASK the laboratory manager or faculty or equipment principle user It is better to ask questions than damage expensive equipment or risk personal injury Report unsafe practices to the laboratory manager and the faculty Report any equipment malfunctions to the laboratory manager Cle
82. th 298 81 7 Carcinogen ultraviolet A therapy 5 Methoxypsoralen with 484 20 8 Carcinogen ultraviolet A therapy Methyl acrylonitrile 126 98 7 High Acute Toxicity 2 Methylaziridine 75 55 8 Carcinogen Propyleneimine Methylazoxymethanol 590 96 5 Carcinogen Methylazoxymethanol 592 62 1 Carcinogen acetate Methyl cellosolve 109 86 4 Reproductive Toxin 3 Methylcholanthrene 56 49 5 Carcinogen 5 Methylchrysene 369 72 43 Carcinogen Methyl chloride 74 87 3 Reproductive Toxin chloromethane Methylene dichloride 75 09 2 Carcinogen dichloromethane Methyl chloroformate 79 22 1 High Acute Toxicity 4 4 Methylene bis 2 101 14 4 Carcinogen chloroaniline 4 4 Methylene bis N N 101 61 1 Carcinogen dimethyl benzenamine 4 4 Methylene bis 2 838 88 0 Carcinogen methylaniline Methylene biphenyl 101 68 9 High Acute Toxicity isocyanate 4 4 Methylenedianiline 01 77 9 Carcinogen 4 4 Methylenedianiline 13552 44 8 Carcinogen dihydrochloride Methyl fluoroacetate 453 18 9 High Acute Toxicity Methyl fluorosulfate 421 20 5 High Acute Toxicity Methylhydrazine and its salts 13552 44 8 Carcinogen High Acute Toxicity Methyl mercury and other High Acute Toxicity organic forms Methyl methanesulfonate 66 27 3 Carcinogen 2 Methyl 1 129 15 7 Carcinogen nitroanthraquinone N Methyl N nitro N 70 25 7 Carcinogen nitrosoguanidi
83. to a 120V line use a variable transformer or electronic temperature controller 34 7 14 8 Do not set the temperature and walk away There can be significant lag between turning the system on and reaching the final temperature The final temperature may be much higher than intended which can lead to damaged equipment or fire Ensure that the correct temperature has been achieved and operation is stable Check on the heater periodically to ensure stable operation Over temperature shutdown protection is strongly suggested Mercury thermometers shall not be used Ultrasonic Devices Ultrasound transmitted via the air does not appear to pose a health hazard to humans However the acoustic emissions can be reduced by locating the ultrasonic device in the fume hood and closing the sash Vacuum Equipment Do not use vacuum pumps to pump toxic or corrosive materials Pump oil shall be changed according to the number of hours used or based on a visual inspection of the oil s color A dark color indicates the need for ol change Glassware Dispose of chipped cracked or otherwise broken glassware into the sharps container Do NOT throw broken glassware into the trash Glassware used under vacuum shall be specifically designed for this purpose and located behind adequate shielding One of the most common causes of glassware caused injuries is the insertion of glass tubing into a rubber stopper without protection Wear leather gloves to p
84. to the faculty Working Alone No one shall work alone if conducting experiments that utilize particularly hazardous materials After hours activity should be restricted to non hazardous activities Undergraduate students shall NOT work in the laboratory alone outside normal business hours M F 8 00AM to 5 00PM without permission from laboratory manager or faculty PI 7 6 Fume Hoods Proper protocol for fume hood use 7 7 A fume hood is not a substitution for proper personal protective equipment Never touch the interior of the hood with bare hands Do NOT put your head inside of the fume hood Never touch anything outside of the hood with gloved hands Hood controls may be touched after changing gloves The hood sash should not be used above the first latch height for optimum hood performance Fully close the hood sash when done Do not use the fume hood to dispose of chemicals by evaporation Place glassware at least six inches inside of the fume hood to prevent fumes from back drafting towards you Transporting Chemicals There are several important guidelines for transporting chemicals Know how to handle spills BEFORE transporting Do NOT use personal vehicles to transport chemicals You will be responsible for any cleanup or damage to your vehicle caused by a spill Use a bottle carrier cart or other secondary container These can be obtained from EHS Avoid transporting hazardous chemicals in individual containers exceedin
85. tools Hands and fingers can be smashed under hammers Wrenches and pliers can slip e Precautions O 0 200 OP OO Wear eye protection Replace damaged wooden handles Keep chisel and punches in good condition Replace damaged wrenches Wear gloves to protect hands Cut away from your body Don t carry sharp tools in your pocket 7 16 Laser Safety The risk to personnel due to lasers depends on the classification of the laser All commercial lasers must have the classification listed on the unit itself Rooms utilizing lasers must post a caution sign indicating Caution Laser Radiation Do not stare into beam the power level of the laser the wavelengths and the class of the laser Protective measures for class IIIb and IV shall include e Baffles to intercept the primary beam and any reflected beams e Windows shall be covered during operations e Safety glasses shall be worn during operations e Entrance by unauthorized or unexpected workers during operations shall be prevented by interlocks or warning lights 7 17 Trailer Safety A trailer that becomes disconnected from its tow vehicle can result in damage to the trailer load and injury death to other vehicles on the road It is important to understand how to size connect and pull a trailer 42 e The trailer s weight cannot exceed the rating of the trailer the hitch or the tow vehicle e The trailer will have a Gross Vehicle Weight GVW rating which i
86. trap Cylinders shall be secured in an upright position using a chain or strap at a point approximately 2 3 of the height of the cylinder Cylinders shall be secured individually Do NOT connect one cylinder to another or extend a strap around more than one cylinder Move cylinders in the appropriate hand cart Do NOT drag or skid the cylinders across the floor Use only in well ventilated areas Do NOT store full and empty cylinders together Do NOT use Teflon tape or thread lubricant for anything except tapered pipe thread Do NOT use a pipe wrench for anything except round pipe Ensure that the hose or tubing material is compatible with the gas type and pressure Use magnetic labels to indicate if gas bottles are Empty or Full Connecting a Pressure Regulator Ensure that the tank is properly secured The attachment point shall be above the midpoint of the cylinder Examine the threads of the tank valve for dirt dust and grease Do not use any tank which has grease or oil on the threads Return the tank to the vendor if contaminated Attach the regulator to the cylinder o Note the fitting that screws into the cylinder valve If there are notches cut into the corners of the hex the fitting has reverse threads o Do NOT use a pipe wrench or pliers to tighten loosen the regulators Use an open end wrench or a crescent wrench 30 o Do not use Teflon tape when attaching the regulator to the cylinder These materials can ent
87. uries or near misses must be reported to the laboratory manager and to the principal investigator faculty Eyes Eyes that have been exposed to solvents or acids should be rinsed for at least 15 minutes using eyewash station 12 2 4 3 If exposed to alkalis flush with water for 30 to 60 minutes using an eyewash station Lift upper and lower eyelids while flushing Remove contact lenses while rinsing Get medical attention immediately REGARDLESS of how your eyes feel All accidents injuries or near misses must be reported to the laboratory manager and to the principal investigator faculty Hydrofluoric HF Acid Hydrofluoric acid HF exposure may not result in an immediate burn sensation but can cause severe burns or death Proper treatment is as follows Immediately flush the affected area with water until any whitening of tissue disappears The victim or assistant should wear neoprene gloves to prevent cross contamination Call 111 or 605 688 5117 to request medical assistance while the victim is being treated The affected person MUST obtain medical attention from a doctor who understands HF acid burns Make sure to scrub underneath your fingernails this is a commonly overlooked area for burns Treat affected area with 2 5 HF neutralizing cream calcium gluconate The gel will turn white upon reaction with the acid CaF precipitate Continue to reapply the calcium gluconate cream every 10 minutes until the ambulance arrive
88. ury and silver Ammonium nitrate Acids metal powders flammable liquids chlorates nitrates sulfur and finely divided organics or other combustibles Aniline Hydrogen peroxide or nitric acid Bromine Acetone acetylene ammonia benzene butadiene butane and other petroleum gases hydrogen finely divided metals sodium carbide and turpentine Calcium oxide Water Carbon activated Calcium hypochlorite all oxidizing agents Caustic soda Acids organic and inorganic Chlorates or Perchlorates Acids aluminum ammonium salts cyanides phosphorous metal powders oxidizable organics or other combustibles sugar sulfides and sulfur Chlorine Acetone acetylene ammonia benzene butadiene butane and other petroleum gases hydrogen finely divided metals sodium carbide and turpentine Chlorine Dioxide Ammonia methane phosphine hydrogen sulfide Chromic Acid Acetic acid naphthalene camphor alcohol glycerine turpentine and other flammable liquids Copper Acetylene hydrogen peroxide Cumene Hydroperoxide Acids Cyanides Acids Flammable liquids Ammonium nitrate chromic acid hydrogen peroxide nitric acid sodium peroxide bromine chlorine fluorine iodine Fluorine Isolate from everything Hydrazine Hydrogen peroxide nitric acid and other oxiding agents Hydrocarbons Bromine chlorine chromic acid fluorine hydrogen perox
89. witches Circuit breaker panels are unobstructed Multi plug adapters have overload protection No extension cords in use Ground fault circuit interrupters GFCI used for wet areas Guards covers in place for electrophoresis devices COMMENTS STORAGE Heavy items on lower shelves Storage at least 18 inches below sprinkler heads Storage at least 24 inches below ceiling Means available to reach items stored above shoulder level Shelving adequate for loads imposed Chemicals stored by compatibility and hazard class Chemical containers clearly labeled with contents Corrosive chemical stored below eye level Materials with shelf lives dated upon receipt Secondary containment used near sinks and drains Waste containers are sealed except during transfers Waste containers labeled with the contents Hazardous Waste Storage limited to lt 1 quart of acutely hazardous waste Storage limited to lt 55 gallons of hazardous waste COMMENTS COMPRESSED GASES AND CRYOGENICS Toxic flammable corrosive gases used in chemical fume hood 70 K HKHHKH r Z K eye A A A A Ke Ke KK KK r Z Z Z Z Z Z Z Z Z 24 Z Z Z Z 24 24 Z Z zZ NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA Cylinders stored by hazard class and chemical compatibility Gas cylinders stored upright and secured from tipping Regulators compatible with gas cylinder Cylinder carts available and u
90. xyanthraquinone Daunomycin 20830 81 3 Carcinogen DDD 72 54 8 Carcinogen Dichlorodiphenyldichloroethane DDE 72 55 9 Carcinogen Dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene DDT 50 29 3 Carcinogen Dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane DDVP Dichlorvos 62 73 7 Carcinogen Decaborane 17702 41 9 High Acute Toxicity N N Diacetylbenzidine 613 35 4 Carcinogen 2 4 Diaminoanisole 615 05 4 Carcinogen 2 4 Diaminoanisole sulfate 39156 41 7 Carcinogen 4 4 Diaminodiphenyl ether 4 4 101 80 4 Carcinogen Oxydianiline 2 4 Diaminotoluene 95 80 7 Carcinogen Diaminotoluene mixed Carcinogen Diazomethane gas 334 88 3 High Acute Toxicity Dibenz a h acridine 226 36 8 Carcinogen Dibenz a j acridine 224 42 0 Carcinogen Dibenz a h anthracene 53 70 3 Carcinogen 7H Dibenzo c g carbazole 194 59 2 Carcinogen Dibenzo a e pyrene 192 65 4 Carcinogen Dibenzo a h pyrene 189 64 0 Carcinogen Dibenzo a I pyrene 189 55 9 Carcinogen Dibenzo a l pyrene 191 30 0 Carcinogen Diborane gas 19287 45 7 High Acute Toxicity 1 2 Dibromo 3 chloropropane 96 12 8 Carcinogen Reproductive DBCP Toxin Dichloroacetylene 79 36 7 57 p Dichlorobenzene 106 46 7 Carcinogen 3 3 Dichlorobenzidine 91 94 1 Carcinogen 1 4 Dichloro 2 butene 764 41 0 Carcinogen 3 3 Dichloro 4 4 diaminodiphenyl 28434 86 8 Carcinogen ether 1 1 Dichloroethane 75 34 3 Carcinogen 1 2 Dichloropropane 78 87 5 Carcinogen 1 3 Dich
91. year through the SDSU Environmental Health and Safety office Attendance for this training is required only once Students must attend this training at the earliest opportunity Students who are utilizing particularly hazardous materials but have not completed EHS training must be supervised by a trained student or faculty when working in the laboratory Registration for this course is online through InsideState Contact the EHS office for training dates or additional information 605 688 4264 ehs sdstate edu Roles and Responsibilities Laboratory Manager The laboratory manager has the following responsibilities Facilitate safe and effective use of the laboratory Document new procedures and protocols as developed by the faculty principal investigators Ensure that all users attend annual EE amp CS safety training Ensure that all users attend EHS chemical training Maintain records of safety training Ensure that all users observe the guidelines outlined in this manual Review and approve use of particularly hazardous substances Appendix E Day to day management of the laboratory Oversee the development of standard operating procedures SOP for particularly hazardous materials 1 4 2 Periodic safety inspections of the laboratory checklist is located in Appendix C Faculty Principal Investigator The faculty principal investigator has the following responsibilities 1 4 3 The faculty principal investigators
92. ygen or water carbon tetrachloride carbon dioxide Potassium chlorate Sulfuric and other acids Potassium perchlorate Acids Potassium permanganate Benzaldehyde ethylene glycol glycerol sulfuric acid Silver and silver salts Acetylene oxalic acid tartaric acid fulminic acid ammonium compounds Sodium See Alkali Metals Sodium chlorate Acids ammonium salts oxidizable materials and sulfur Sodium nitrite Ammonia compounds ammonium nitrate or other ammonium salts Sodium peroxide Any oxidizable substances such as ethanol methanol glacial acetic acid acetic anhydride benzaldehyde carbon disulfide glycerol ethylene glycol ethyl acetate methyl acetate furfural etc Sulfides Acids Sulfur Any oxidizing materials Sulfuric acid Chlorates perchlorates permanganates compounds with light metals such as sodium lithium and potassium Water Acetyl chloride alkaline and alkaline earth metals their hydrides and oxides barium peroxide carbides chromic acid 32 phosphorous oxychloride phosphorous pentachloride phosphorous pentoxide sulfuric acid sulfur trioxide 33 14 Appendix B Particularly Hazardous Materials 14 1 A Chemical Name CAS Number Hazard A alpha C 2 Amino 9H 26148 68 5 Carc
93. ze an assistant to open doors and maintain a clear path Carry the dewar as far from the face as possible 7 13 Electrical Safety 7 13 1 Introduction Neither students nor faculty are allowed to make electrical connections or repairs in the cleanroom Contact the laboratory manager regarding any electrical repairs or upgrades 7 14 Chemistry and Microelectronics Laboratory Equipment 7 14 1 Introduction The laboratory equipment can present a variety of hazards Proper selection and use of the equipment will reduce these hazards 7 14 2 Refrigerators and Freezers Standard refrigerators have fans motors and switches which may be ignitions sources for flammable vapors Do not store flammable liquids in a refrigerator unless it is approved for this use Do not store food or drink in laboratory refrigerators All containers shall be sealed with a cap Use secondary containers or catch pans to prevent spills Stirring and Mixing Devices The motors and switches in stirring and mixing devices may be ignition sources for flammable vapors Use these devices inside of a fume hood if flammable liquids will be used Consider the impact of a power failure overload or failure of the stirrer on the operation Heating Devices The heating element shall be constructed such that direct user contact is impossible The heating element shall be physically separated from the interior space of ovens Do not plug heating mantles directly in

Laboratory Manual - South Dakota State University

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