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LabScribe2 User`s Manual - World Precision Instruments

1. File Edit View Settings Advanced ee DAF Pescars EZAT rife Peale Default View Seq Off gt Speed 500s sec Display Time 1 1 42 140 Mark E v Time 51 070 sec voltage BNC _AutoScale CQ Cadd function Value 0 005 Volt 15 001 0 000 15 001 Y 0 00 msec 20 428 sec 40 856 sec 1 1 284 1 21 712 TimeOfFile v Kal mM f Pause Display Voltage drop of 9 Volt battery viewed with short top and long bottom Display Times 3 Acquisition 29 Display Time Setup Dialog Managing Amplitude Display Zoom Tools 3 Acquisition Setting the display time to a specific value can be done on the Channel page of the Preferences Dialog To switch between certain known display time values using sog l i the Preferences Dialog can be cumbersome Specific 2 000000 F display time values can be added to the Display Time aa e menu directly beneath the Toolbar by using 500 000000 LabScribe2 s Display Time Setup Dialog The Display Time Setup Dialog To access the Display Time Setup Dialog e Click on the Display Time label just beneath the Toolbar and choose Manage This brings up the Display Time Setup Dialog e Enter the value of the desired display time in seconds in the text box and click the Add button This will add the desired display time to the list of display times Once all the desired display times have been added click OK to exit the dialog e When you click on the Display Time lab
2. XY View Opens the XY View FFT Spectrum Opens the FFT Window Journal Opens the Journal on the right side of the Main Analysis XY and FFT Windows Marks Opens the Marks Dialog Stimulator Preferences Hides or displays the Stimulator Control Panel directly beneath the Toolbar Half Display Time Reduces the time displayed on the screen by a factor of 1 2 each time the icon is clicked Zoom Between Cursors Zooms to the area between the two cursors in Two Cursor Mode Double Display Time Increases the time displayed on the screen by a factor of two each time the icon is clicked Two Cursor Mode Displays two cursors on the data window Time and voltage differ ences between the data points intersected by the cursors are measured and displayed in the Clock and Value Display Areas Two Cursor Mode is the default condition and is the only option available in the Analysis Window Single Cursor Mode Displays one cursor on the data window The absolute voltage at the cursor is displayed in the Value Display Area The time from the beginning of the trace to the cursor is displayed in the Clock Area Channel Bar 1 The Display Views Clicking on the arrow next to the View name Default view ote displays the View control menu You can switch the W Default view L current view from this menu create a new view from the default view and duplicate or rename the current Pew WEA view Selecting Edit View opens the Views
3. volts Toolbar Steps Rise time os j sec Frequency He 8 Mum Ramps 3 Amplitude iv oroo InterProtocol Duration 25 msec v Time sec 0 1 2 Holding Potential aooo volts Status Ok 1 107 The parameter boxes on the Stimulator page set for Ramp mode In addition to the Pulse parameters already described configuring a Ramp protocol requires that the following parameters also be set e Delay Amplitude The Amplitude during the Delay period e Rise Time The time taken to go from the Start Amplitude to the Stop Amplitude e Num Ramps Number of Ramps Triangle Triangle mode is similar to the Ramp mode in that the voltage changes are linear In Triangle Mode mode each protocol consists of an ascending and descending Ramp Triangle mode is available only on some iWorx data acquisition units Channel Stimulator views Sequences Options Events Stim 1 v Import Settings Triangle vl Delay jo gj c C Bipolar Delay Amplitude oo volts Start Stimulator with Recording Start Amplitude i gt Volts Time Resolution 0 04 msec w Stop Amplitude a Volts Toolbar Steps Rise time los S sec Frequency 1 E Mum Triangles Em 7 Ee Amplitude 4 Di E gt InterProtocal Duration Em a msec i Time sec o 1 i Holding Potential ot Volts Status Ok The parameter boxes on the Stimulator page set for Triangle mode 5 The Stimulator 56 The Stimulato
4. gt The Advanced Units Conversion Dialog e Choose Advanced in the Units submenu e Use the two cursors on the left to bracket an area of known average value and the two on the right to bracket the second area of known average value LabScribe2 will display the mean of the bracketed areas In this way it is possible to get representative values in recordings with some degree of amplitude fluctuation e In the dialog the mean voltage values between the two cursors on the left and the two cursors on the right are entered into the two text boxes on the left Enter the corresponding values in real units into the two value boxes on the right e Click OK to exit the dialog 1 The Display It is also possible to set the slope and offset directly in the Simple Units Conversion dialog if those values are known For example if a pressure transducer produces 5mV 0 005V per mmHg the slope would be 0 005 and the units would be mmHg To set slope and offset e Right click anywhere in the data channel select Units from the Channel Menu or left click on the Value Display Area of the Channel Bar to open the Units sub menu e Select Simple to open the Simple Units Conversion dialog window e Select slope and offset from the drop down menu of the Simple Units Conversion dialog e Enter the slope and unit name in the appropriate boxes Simple Units Conversion slope and offset w e The slope must be expressed as volt
5. 0 00 u 0 625 F volume Std Int Raw Ch1 CAutoscale add Functic 0 001 2 1 0 000 volt s O 12 tm 0 001 i mam ma mam n n i mam mm mam Integral with Zero The Reset control in the Integral Setup dialog window determines when the Integral or running Peset After 0 000000 sec count will reset itself to zero This option allows the Integral to reset itself after a preset time Integral Setup SERS NT 0 000000 seconds as zero Reset Every Cycle Integral Setup dialog This is a useful option if the data being integrated contains artifacts that move the Integral artifi cially up or down The Reset function keeps the Integral trace in the field of view In the respi ration example if inhaled air is at 20 C and exhaled air is closer to body temperature then exhaled air has a larger volume Since the subject exhales more than he or she inhales the integral record will have a slow upward drift Resetting the trace periodically will return it to zero All Integral functions are selected in the same manner To apply any of these functions to a channel e Click on the add function button in the Channel Bar e Select Integral from the Function menu and a submenu appears Select one of the functions in the submenu and configure the Integral Setup dialog e Click Record in the Main Window to begin recording The Derivative function calculates the derivative slope around each point in
6. 2 Tools menu 21 Triggering 36 Pretriggeriing 37 U Units Conversion 13 Advanced 14 Advanced 2 point calibration 14 Multipoint Calibration 71 offset only 15 slope and offset method 15 Units Conversions Simple 2 point calibration 13 V View menu 20 Views 11 Voltmeter 16 X XY Plots Copy Export Print 92 online 17 Table Functions 91 XY View 89
7. data N 1 3 Savitsky Golay The Savitzky Golay method essentially performs a local polynomial regression to determine the smoothed value for each data point This method is superior to Moving Average because it tends to preserve features of the data such as peak height and width which are often diminished by adjacent averaging To use the Savitsky Golay smoothing function the order of the polynomial and the number of points on each side of the data need to be specified In addition to smoothing the data LabScribe2 also provides the option to calculate the smoothed 1st 2nd or 3rd derivative of the data Using the To apply smoothing to a raw data or derivative Smoothing smoothing Dialog kay channel Function REAA DE e Click add function in the Channel Bar WV AYergage Polynomial Order ra E ae T ye e Choose Smoothing from the function list opening the Points on each side Savitsky Golay 2nd Derivative Smoothing Dialog Savitsky Golay 3rd Derivative e Choose one of the Smoothing functions from the drop down menu The Smoothing Dialog e For the Moving Average function enter into the text box the number of points that should be averaged on either side of each data point e For the Savitsky Golay function or any of its derivatives enter into the appropriate text boxes both the number of points on either side of each data point to which the polynomial regression should be applied and the order of the polynomial regression Auto Auto
8. e Time2 Time at Cursor 2 e V2 V1 The amplitude at Cursor 1 the Cursor on the left subtracted from the amplitude at Cursor 2 the Cursor on the right This may be a negative number e T2 T1 Time2 Time1 the difference in time between the cursors e Max Maximum amplitude between the cursors e Min Minimum amplitude between the cursors e Mean Mean or average amplitude between the cursors e Max Min Difference between the maximum and minimum amplitudes between the cursors e Mark Text of any mark between the cursors e Unit The units of the channel data e RMS Root Mean Square of the amplitude values between the cursors e StdDev Standard Deviation of the amplitude values between the cursors e Events Zero Crossings Number of times the data cross zero with a positive slope in the region between the cursors The functions in the Derivative category are e dV1 dt Derivative at Cursor 1 e dV2 dt Derivative at Cursor 2 e Max dV dt Largest dV dt values steepest slope for all of the data points between the two cursors e Min dV dt Minimum often negative with a steep slope not necessarily a flatter region dV dt values for all of the data points between the two cursors e Mean dV dt Mean dV dt for all of the data points between the two cursors This is also the slope of the line of best fit for all the data points between the cursors 86 Integral All the integral and area functions are calculated as inte
9. 2006 06 23 12 34 31 385 Jis J 17 Selection Type Block Average 6 cycles vi v1 Typical QRS width 80 LAN Pre P Baseline 120 v8 Maximum PR Interval 240 Y9 Maximum RT Interval 400 v 10 Measure 5T Elevation at 50 vidi 0 10 Artifact Rejection i Minimum Rate 10 bpm 12 wee Maximum Rate 200 bpm 13 0 50 Minimum R Amplitude 0 14 0 70 Maximum R Amplitude 10 15 cer rats Minimum Activity 10000 Y 16 0 90 110 4 0 50 0 30 0 10 ECG Volt Maximum Activity 10000 17 Minimum Noise 0 0917168 liviis v 19 7 Calculate Done Creating Groups v 20 Sel Time R HR R R Interval DeltaRR PR QRS QT QTc QR ST T Duration P Duration TP Duraion P Amp Q Amp R Amp S Amp T An afes 0 91 69 77 430 00 108 00 186 00 62 00 356 00 17 26 20 00 162 00 134 00 76 00 312 33 0 06 0 12 69 71 430 33 72 83 188 00 62 00 352 00 16 97 22 00 178 00 112 00 64 00 308 17 0 08 0 11 71 412 421 83 68 17 190 00 64 00 346 00 16 85 24 00 174 00 108 00 92 00 297 17 0 11 0 08 74 01 405 33 66 83 188 00 62 00 350 00 17 38 20 00 168 00 120 00 62 00 283 00 0 08 0 11 73 59 407 67 68 83 98 00 142 00 424 00 21 00 102 00 174 00 108 00 62 00 277 67 0 05 0 07 wo Fae Nc NM eccn toa ANA en AN ece NAN 17 ON ON AN 1ANM 199 00 7 an DAN oF ane od lt Algorithms Table Options ECG Calculations Dialog There are five tabbed panels used in setting up the dialog Channels Settings Removal De
10. 4 an e Six output modes can be selected using the Mode drop down ae menu set in this example to Off The available modes are Pulse H Amplitude w 0 1 o Train Constant voltage Step Triangle and Ramp Triangle 7 Bi iz and Ramp modes are available only on some Worx data acqui di sition units Status Ok e The Bipolar checkbox not shown here allows the creation of bipolar pulses The Stimulator Preferences panel e By checking the Start Stimulator with Recording checkbox the stimulator can be set to fire when recording commences e Time Resolution The finer the Time Resolution the shorter the maximum time duration for each parameter For example at a 0 04msec Time Resolution the maximum Delay is 600 ms At 0 4ms this increases to six seconds while at the 4msec resolution the maximum Delay is 60 seconds Individual iWorx data acquisition units are capable of different Time Resolutions The software configures itself depending on the hardware selected and will limit the available range of values for each parameter accordingly e Toolbar Steps This selection determines the minimum step increments that the Stimulator Control Panel will use when the up down buttons on the Control Panel are clicked These are also the incre ments used by Sequences that program the stimulator output 48 Pulse Current pulses are delivered according to parameters set by the user in the boxes of the Protocols Stimulator Preferences page of t
11. Calculations Blood pressure parameters are detected and functions derived from those parameters are computed in the Blood Pressure analysis routine The Blood Pressure module requires a separate license The first time you select Blood Pressure you will be asked for a username and a serial number Contact Worx Systems for more information When Blood Pressure is chosen from the Advanced menu a Submenu opens displaying three choices Online Calculations AutoMark Automark and Offline Calculations Offline Calculations Online Calculations Blood Pressure submenu While recording data some beat by beat parameters can be calculated and displayed online using Online Calculations Choosing Online Calculations from the Blood Pressure submenu opens the Blood Pressure toolbar above the uppermost channel The function titles and the corresponding data values are displayed in the toolbar s data boxes V Pressure HR Pmax Pmin dPmax dPmin Pmean MAP CI RI PH 4 1 gt O The Blood Pressure online toolbar The online parameters are e Heart Rate 60 period of each cycle e Max Pressure Maximum pressure also the systolic value e Min Pressure Minimum pressure also the diastolic value e Time at Notch Time at the dicrotic notch e Max dP dT Maximum slope e Min dP dT Minimum slope e Mean Pressure Mean pressure e MAP Mean arterial pressure e Contractility Index Max dP dT Pressure at Max d
12. Displays a submenu that opens dialogs allowing the user to set up the criteria by which LabScribe2 can make both online and offline calculations of Metabolic functions Refer to the Metabolic section beginning on page 122 of Chapter 8 Advanced Analysis Routines for more detailed information Metabolic is a separately licensed analysis module Breath by Breath Online Calculations Breath by Breath Offline Calculations Mixing Chamber Offline Calculations The Metabolic submenu AutoMark Peaks Opens a dialog in which the user can set the criteria for Labscribe2 to automatically locate peaks in many types of recordings and calculate a number of peak charac teristics See the AutoMark Peaks section beginning on page 127 of Chapter 8 Advanced Analysis Routines for details and complete instructions Manage Scripts Additional data analysis can be accomplished using external programs Selecting Manage Scripts opens the Scripting Setup Dialog in which the user can set up shortcuts to export the relevant data and then call an external script for further analysis Scripting functions are described in more detail in the Managing Scripts section beginning on page 99 of Chapter 7 Analysis The Help menu provides links to information about the LabScribe2 software and hardware GA Tip of the daw sg Help i Manual t QuickStart Webpage Language About LabScribez Send a Bug Report Check For Updates Reset to Factory Default The He
13. E eee E csv text file and the XY graph can be exported as a Portable Me eaan Pma Network Graphics png or JPEG jpg image Max dPidt dPmax MIn dP dt dPmin e Clicking Table Options opens the Offline Calculations Options Max Volume imax ld paella Dialog which lists the functions from which the Data Table param End Systolic Yolume ESY End Diastolic Volume EDY eters can be chosen Stroke volume 5v Cardiac Output CO Fanale le e Clicking the asterisk at the upper left of the Data Table displays Max P maxPwr j i i i j j imi i sathdhepar tlie po Nee the autosize option Clicking autosize will optimize the size of Arterial Elastance EA the Data Table boxes Pressure Volume Area PYA Offline Calculations Options Dialog Parameters to Display Potential Energy PE tency CF e The Data Table displays the chosen calculated values for each Tau Weiss Tu Log of the cycles checked in the Cycles Selected window as well Tau Glantz Tau Mirsky as the mean standard deviation and range of each of the chosen parameters averaged over all the selected segments Complete list of Data Table parameters e Clicking OK saves the settings for future PV Loops analyses e Clicking Algorithms opens an information window describing the mathematical equations used to compute the offline parameters 8 Advanced Analysis 106 Calibration of Conductance catheters make possible real time pressure volume ven
14. HRV High Power 0 18 0 4 Hz and HRV Total Power are each calculated from a tachogram transformation of one of the ECG raw data channels or from the QRS detector channel The QRS detector displays a trace with only peaks representing the QRS complexes with amplitudes reflecting the amplitudes of the individual QRS complexes The ECG Analysis module in the Advanced menu can perform more extensive ECG analysis Refer to the discussion beginning on page 116 for complete details and instruction To apply the Cardiac function to a channel e Click on the add function button in the Channel Bar e Select Cardiac from the Function menu which will display the Cardiac submenu e Choosing Lead Ill aVL aVF or aVR or cardiac Angle will open a dialog in which the channels corresponding to Lead and Lead II can be chosen Click OK to display the chosen lead or the cardiac Angle in the computed channel e Choosing HRV Low Power HRV High Power or HRV Total Power will open a dialog in which the threshold lines should be adjusted to pass through just the QRS complexes Artifact Removal is also possible from this dialog Click OK to display the chosen function in the computed channel 6 Computed Channels 76 Tolerance Use percentage of Max and Min Scaling Threshold Use absolute values Threshold 63 5417 B Percentage of data viewed in graph A AQ S Tolerance 4 16675 Percentage of data viewed in graph Pees Ss eo a Aae E W
15. Reset After 1 Ony Bik is Sek Din 15 14 13 12 11 109876543210 d dA d d A d dddddddddd Legend Select Input The options on the Digital Inputs setup dialog are e Channel checkboxes The channels of interest can be selected using the checkboxes in the Digital Inputs dialog If you desire to complement the input change the input data from a 1 toa zero or a zero to a 1 before it is selected then click on the checkbox again which will place a solid square in the checkbox as shown in the legend e Reset After N sec This option is only available m Complement Input before selecting for the Count function which is used to reset the event Count after a user determined number of seconds Unselected Inputs The Digital Inputs dialog e Any Bit is Set All Bits are set If Any Bit is Set an event is detected if any channel receives a high TTL signal If All Bits are Set an event will be detected only if all channels receive a high TTL signal Digital Output iWorx data acquisition units with digital output capabilities are able to control external TTL devices like pumps heaters cameras and relays Each external device receives a digital signal that instructs the device to change its status from one condition to another For example a pump may be turned on or off The internal stimulators in Worx data acquisition units can also be controlled with digital instructions Refer to the Stimulator chapter for instruct
16. The Stimulator starting on page 59 and Chapter 9 Digital Input and Output starting on page 133 for information on building Sequences Options Page Various aspects of the display are configured on the Options Page Preferences configured here are saved and are applied to both the current and future files Preferences Dialog Channel Stimulator Views Sequences Options Events Display MainvWindow Functions Raw Data Channel Bar Color Functions in the Channel Menu Computed Channel Bar Color Stimulator Gukput Channel Bar Color Digital Input Channel Bar Color Grid Color Graph Background Color AutoCorrelation raph Line width 1 Gi d Cardiac Cursors Color EEG or Gain Telegraph Cursors Width Cross TimeChannelCalculation Cursors Mouse Click Width lTenolateMatch Block Separator Color Block Separator Width 5 Data display precision 3 Mark Line Color eT Data Separator Tab Mark Line Width E T Maximum display points 100000 Options page of the Preferences Dialog The Display options configured on the Options page include e Channel Bar colors The color of the raw data computed channel stimulator output and digital input Channel Bars can be chosen e Grid characteristics Sets the color of the grid lines in the channel windows as well as the number of minor grid lines between y axis numbers e Graph parameters It is possible to set the backgrou
17. The data have to pass from above the High Threshold to below the Low Threshold e In Window An Event is detected if the data values enter the window between the Low and High Thresholds and remain there e Out of Window An Event is detected if data previously contained within the Threshold window between Low and High Thresholds move outside the window e The positions of the Low and High Thresholds are set depending on the type of data being recorded and the type of triggering that has been set The thresholds can be chosen by entering data values in the Low and High Threshold boxes or setting the values by moving the threshold lines in the graphical data sample e Enable event detection by checking the checkbox 4 Creating Your Own Preferences and Settings 44 Timed Events Timed Events trigger a sequence after a designated amount of time has passed To set the criteria for the detection of a Timed Event e Choose Timed as the Type of Event e Set the Time in seconds that should pass before Events are detected and after a previous Event if more than one is programmed e Set the Count or the number of events to be detected Set the Count to zero for continuous Events occurring at the programmed Time interval e Enable the event detection by checking the checkbox Event Priority The Event Priority is set in relation to other Events Sequences triggered by Events inherit their priority from the triggering Event A higher prio
18. Type your text into the window that opens and click OK The mark will be added to the record at the current position of the cursor Marks already on the record can be changed or deleted To edit a mark e Access the Marks Dialog from the View menu or by clicking the Marks icon on the Toolbar The Marks Dialog lists all marks in a file e Both the column and row sizes in the Marks Dialog can be adjusted by placing the cursor over a dividing line until it changes to a double headed arrow Click and drag the line to its desired location e Highlight the mark by clicking twice on the mark text and make the desired changes e Click OK to exit the dialog To delete a mark e In the Marks Dialog select the mark you d like to delete by clicking on the number to the left of the row e Click on Delete e Click OK to exit the dialog Marks Dialog Marks Preset Marks Channel alue 12 35 21 519 Start moderate exercise 0 000000 12 36 15 635 Stop moderate exercise 0 000000 12 50 06 195 Start intense exercise 0 000000 12 39 14 383 Stop intense exercise 0 000000 The Marks Dialog Marks that are placed on the recording can serve as sign posts indicating where important sections of data are located You can use the marks to navigate between important areas of an experiment without hunting or scrolling for the areas of interest To navigate by marks e Click on the arrow next to the Mark button and choose the mark you want
19. e The ED End diastole location is either the EDV derived from the LVP signal or the ECG signal if selected e The line of best fit for the ES End systolic values is shown as the end systolic pressure volume relationship ESPVR curve This will be a linear or exponential fit depending on what has been specified in the Settings e The line of best fit for the ED End diastole values is shown as the end diastolic pressure volume relationship EDPVR curve This relationship will always be curvilinear If pressures fall below zero a message will appear requesting that the data be offset in the positive direction in order to perform the calculation e The Ees End systolic elastance vs Ea Arterial elastance relationship is shown for the currently selected red cycle e Tau start and stop are the start and stop points used to fit the line from which Tau is calculated Tau stop is defined in the Settings e Use the Load Occlusion Data and Save Occlusion Data buttons to load and save the data from the section of the trace where occlusion occurs This allows the user to perform one occlusion and use those results for analysis of another portion of the recording This is useful when calculating PVA PE and Eff from the steady state data in other locations in the recording On the tabbed Results panel e The equations defining ESPVR EDPVR PRSW Max dP vs EDV PVA vs EDV and PVA vs ESP are displayed as is Emax e Additional text
20. 15 1560 4 4595 1 2 p 7 32 8 51p 9 1548 0 0000 0 0000 Yes 61 1050 500 1850 385 8687 6 2523 4 8234 0 7715 3406 1 7864 15 1232 4 4965 1 01 7 360 7 91 8 6585 0 0000 0 0000 Middle Yes 77 2100 517 9272 392 8525 6 4741 4 9107 0 7585 3515 1 8497 15 0489 4 4781 0 0 gt 7 38 8 5 8 8518 0 0000 0 0000 v The Metabolic Calculations Dialog There are three tabbed pages used in setting up the dialog Channels Settings and Results Channels Settings Results _ On the tabbed Channels panel Coe Channel coz Concentration 0 v o Se e Select the Channels to be used At a minimum a CO an Oo and 02 Channel O2 Concentration v a calibrated Volume Channel must be selected A channel volume Channel Luna Volumes STPD w showing heart rate and one showing the actual work done on an a ergometer of some sort are required to calculate some Heart rate Channel None w as parameters Energy Channel None i g The Metabolic Channels dialog Channels Settings Results On the tabbed Settings panel Name f e Enter in the appropriate text boxes the subject s name or code age Protocol i ipi height weight and any specific exercise protocol being used Enter pa x ia the duration of the segments to average for calculations and the Sex Male in
21. 40 461 Spirometry ETa Blood Pressure Peak Snalysis The Analysis Window Channel Menu sets l Bar Cursors Clicking on the Channel Menu arrow on the left side of the Channel Bar or right clicking in any channel of the Analysis Window opens the Channel Menu The items in the lower section of the Analysis Window Channel Menu have the same functions as the similar items in the Main Window Channel Menu Refer to page 3 in Chapter 1 The Display for a discussion of these menu items The first three menu items send the values in the Channel Bar Table Functions data boxes to the Journal for formatting and inclusion in reports e Add Ch Data to Journal Adds the channel name and data from the selected channel to the Journal Add All Data to Journal Adds the channel titles and the data from all channels to the Journal e Add Title to Journal Adds the Table Functions titles to the Journal 83 7 Analysis The choices in the Calculations submenu display calculated data values specific to individual functions e Spirometry Opens a dialog that allows the user to choose and display calculations of Spirometry functions based on the raw data in a calibrated air flow channel By placing the cursors in the data sample to the edges of one breath cycle as in the demonstration trace in the top part of the dialog a number of spirometry parameters will be calculated automatically for that cycle of data Clicking the
22. Bar The Channel Menu can also be displayed by right clicking anywhere in the channel The menu items include e Invert Inverts the trace Invert Copy Graph e Copy graph Copies the graphical channel data in the current screen and sends it Hide to the clipboard It can then be pasted into the Journal or an external application Minimize e Hide Hides the channel Restore Size Title e Minimize Restore Size Reduces the size of the channel to just the Channel Bar or restores the full channel Color Units Delete Permanently deletes the channel scale e Title Opens a dialog that allows the user to change the name of the channel The Main Window Channel Menu e Color Opens a color pallette that allows the user to change the color of the channel s trace e Units Choosing this menu item displays the Units Conversion options Clicking in the Value Display Area will also display these options Refer to the Units Conversion section beginning on page 13 of this chapter for a complete description of these options e Scale Clicking this item displays the options for controlling the vertical scale of the channel Refer to the discussion beginning on page 30 in Chapter 3 Acquisition for a complete description of these options When the Channel Menu is opened by right clicking in the channel display area an additional menu item is added below the line at the bottom of the menu e Normalization Choosing Normalization op
23. Conditioning The simultaneous use of High Pass and Low Pass filters can create a Band Pass filter Three different analog band pass filters are available for the bioamplifiers on the Worx A D Converters These Band Pass filters are enabled automatically when they are selected from the Mode Function menu on the Channels page of the Preferences dialog window or from the Mode Function button drop down menu in the Channel Bar of channels equipped with bioam plifiers The appropriate filters are set by the settings files of experiments that require these bioamplifier filters These are active hardware filters with the values in the table below Bioamplifier Band Pass Filter Frequencies 0 3 35 Hz EEG ECG 0 1 150 Hz ECG High Pass Low Pass and Band Pass filters can also be applied to each channel and displayed in a computed channel by using one of the Filter functions available from the add function button on the Channel Bar of each channel These filters are not hardware filters they are executed in software and work on all A D Converters running LabScribe2 Unlike hardware filters software filters can be applied after the data are recorded These filters also work in real time and can be applied to data during recording More detailed descriptions of these digital filters can be found starting on page 72 in Chapter 5 Computed Channels In addition to filtering LabScribe2 can apply another quieting technique to data recorded at sampling r
24. Exhaled Air typ 34 deglj 34 deg me Water Vapor Pressure 22 500000 Note Calibration is assumed to be with an syring in air The volume calculations are compensated For human body conditions The Spirometry Calibration Dialog To configure the Spirometry Calibration Dialogs e Choose the type of flowhead being used e Each iWorx spirometer has a calibration value on it This value can be entered in the Spirometer Calibration text box e f the specific Spirometry Calibration Dialog has entries for Atmospheric Pressure Temperature of Inhaled Air Temperature of Exhaled Air Relative Humidity and Water Vapor Pressure enter these values in the appropriate text boxes e If a calibration syringe is being used and the user has recorded data where a known volume of air was pushed through the spirometer these data will be displayed in the graph window Place the first cursor at Zero Volume and the second cursor at X Volume Also enter this X value in the text box below the graph Clicking the Calibrate Difference between Cursors button will calculate the required calibration value and place it in the Spirometer Calibration window e To account for offset in the spirometer choose a time at the beginning of the record when there is no flow through the spirometer and enter this value in the Use First N Seconds as Zero text box LabScribe2 will take the first N seconds average them together and use the result to
25. Frequency Resolution will be greater Frequency Resolution is set from the drop down menu in the left hand margin of the FFT window Resolution choices are limited to 100 Hz 10 Hz 1 Hz and 0 1 Hz If the FFT cannot be displayed with the required frequency resolution more data points need to be used to make the calcu lation Use the Copy command in the Edit menu to copy the view of data displayed in the FFT View This image can be pasted into any program including the Journal that supports the clipboard To export the data viewed use the Export command in the File menu Select the format of the exported file from the list at the bottom of the Export File window Choosing Print View will print the current window 95 Find Functions Find Dialog Window 7 Analysis LabScribe2 can be used to identify Regions Of Interest ROI in recorded data The identified data points or marks can be sent to either the Journal or the Marks window where they can be used to build a report or to be exported While identifying data does not constitute an analysis per se the detection of specific data always precedes analysis For example to measure changes in Left Ventricular End Diastolic Pressure LVEDP over time the LVEDP points need to be located in the blood pressure data and the corresponding values need to be recorded The statistical manipulation of the recorded LVEDP values is classified as analysis but the first critical step in the analy
26. Function Max Min add Function Units Color Raw Ch 1 5 000000 5 00000C add function J RawCh2 5 000000 5 00000 add function Raw Ch 3 5 000000 5 00000C add Function J ER J Raw Ch4 5 000000 5 00000 add function v s1 Stim 1 5 000000 5 00000C add Function Cancel Channels page of the Preferences dialog window set for testing an Output Sequence 2 On the Stimulator page select Pulses as the stimulating mode and set the parameters as follow Toolbar Steps e Freq Hz 1Hz e Amp V 0 05V e Time ms 0 1ms Initial Parameters e Delay 0 6s e Amplitude 0 25V e Number of Pulses 1 e Pulse Width 0 1s e Time Off 0 1s e Holding Voltage OV 5 The Stimulator 5 The Stimulator C Bipolar Start Stimulator with Recording Toolbar Steps Frequency Hz Amplitude W 005 Time sec 0 1 E Status 0 263750 0 125000 0 013750 Delay Amplitude 0 25 Humber of Pulses o Pulse Width 01 Holding Potential bo 4 gt 44 gt 4 gy dh 45 Stimulator page of the Preferences dialog window set for testing an Output Sequence 3 On the Sequences page add a CAPRecruit for Compound Action Potential Recruitment sequence to the list of current Sequences Type the name CAPRecruit in the text box next to the Current Sequence Label and click the New button A 5 6 7 8 Click OK at
27. Journal to its pre Undo state Cs Undo Undoes the most recent Journal operation H Bold Makes the selected Journal text bold Underline Underlines the selected Journal text Italic Italicizes the selected Journal text Font Opens a dialog in which the user can choose a font font style font size and font color and apply them to the selected text Align Left Aligns selected text or graphics to the left border of the Journal Align Center Centers selected text or graphics on the Journal page Align Right Aligns selected text or graphics to the right border of the Journal vit lO gt Indents Less Moves selected indented text or graphics to the left et Indents More Indents selected text or graphics Beneath the Journal toolbar is a drop down menu that allows the user to instruct LabScribe2 where to send data from the Main and Analysis Windows Send Data to File and Journal C Documents and Settings 4ll UsersDocuments Send data to Journal i F Redirect data to File A Send Data to File and Journal Journal submenu Choosing Send Data to Journal instructs LabScribe2 to send data values from the Main or Analysis Windows to the Journal Once the data file has been saved choosing Redirect data to File opens a dialog from which the user can instruct LabScribe2 to send data values from the Main or Analysis Windows to a tab txt or comma csv separated text file chosen and named by the user Choosing Send Da
28. PY Loop TimeShift Channel Event Marker El Sonomicrometry t EP ES E The Event Marker Submenu 6 Computed Channels 80 Using Event To use the Event Marker function Markers e In the Event Marker raw data Channel Bar click on add function Choose Event Marker from the list of functions e Select E1 E2 E3 or E4 from the Event Marker sub menu to add one of the four sizes of markers to a computed channel Repeat for as many of the other size markers as desired e If you would like a count of markers from the beginning of the recording block click add function on the appropriate computed channel From the Periodic functions choose Count A dialog will open in which you can set the correct threshold for the marker amplitude A new computed channel will be added that will display the count for that size marker from the start of the recording block Sonomicrom Sonomicrometry is a technique by which changes in length or volume of physiological tissue etry can be measured through the use of piezoelectric crystals that send sound waves through the tissue Distance can be estimated by the amount of time it takes for these waves to reach another crystal Two or three pair of crystals can be inserted in small animal epicardial tissue measuring short axis and long axis distance measurements as the heart beats Changes in ventricular volume can be estimated using the data from these measurements The volume measurements can be used in th
29. Preferences Dialog Digital states can be combined to form Sequences A Sequence allows the timed execution of digital states To create and edit a Sequence e Type the name of the sequence in the text box next to Current Sequence and click New e Select the sequence to be edited in the Current Sequence drop down box e To add a digital state to the sequence select the digital state from the list on the left side of the window and click Add State to Sequence e To remove a state from the sequence select the state in the sequence and click Remove State from Sequence e To have the Worx device wait for a specified period of time between different digital states type a time in the edit boxes next to the Wait button and click Wait to insert the waiting period into the sequence e To activate more than one state at the same time add all the states you want to activate simultaneously to the sequence before configuring Wait or adding Update in the General category LabScribe2 will execute them simultaneously when it reaches the Wait statement the Update statement or the end of the sequence To repeat the sequence set the Repeat Count to the desired number of times or set it to zero to cause the sequence to repeat until manually stopped e The order of the states in the sequence can be changed by using the Up and Down buttons 9 Digital Input and Output 133 In the sequence illustrated on the previous page Valve 1 will open first Afte
30. Save button will add the data from that cycle and open up a new blank data row The process can be repeated for other breaths in the recording Clicking Add to Journal will add the data table to the Journal Spirometry Calculations Parameters Place the two cursors as shown in the above diagram to Export 4 3148 1 2453 5 0204 6 2440 6 3773 8 81408 8111 0 5186 5 1321 2 0625 2 2453 gt Add To Journal Spirometry Calculations e ECG Opens a dialog that allows the user to choose and display calculations of ECG parameters based on the raw data in an ECG channel By placing the cursors in the data sample to the edges of one heart beat cycle as in the demonstration trace in the top part of the dialog a number of ECG parameters will be calculated automatically for that cycle of data Clicking the Save button will add the data from that cycle and open up a new blank data row The process can be repeated for other beat cycles in the recording Clicking Add to Journal will add the data table to the Journal ECG Calculations Parameters Place the two cursors as shown in the above diagram to Export Time at R PR Interval P Duration QRS Duration OT Interval ST Segment T Duration TE Duration apa PR Interval P Duration QRS Duration QT Interval ST Segment lt 00 03 50 9 214 0000 136 0000 100 0000 436 0000 52 0000 gt Add To Journal ECG Calculations 84 e Blood Pressure Opens a dialog that allows th
31. Settings Advanced Help eee he E ML a ala EREE faut ew Seat y Record Speed 500 s sec Display Time 12 500 sec Mark T2 T1 3 750 sec 7 ECG O 3 35tz CAutoscale JQ wi o OTOP a Ps sy Channel si ia a al AA j i laf i 0 4 Val Raw Data EE Oh alue chael y irra QC AutoScale _ C2 Cadd function V2 V1 0 017 Display ot 1 Area TS oos m 0 05 V Heart Rate P Rate ECG _AutoScale Q Cadd function J W2 1 8 208 bpm Computed ie Channel T Record Has Preview ii Pause RY 1 41 825 1 51 199 1 54 325 Display Time OfFile vs Sea Dien Time of tezdedFie Exercise wmdata t File Time l Status of Day Mark Cursors Text Display Area Bar The LabScribe2 Main 1 The Display Window The Toolbar Many of the functions of LabScribe2 can be accessed via the icons in the Toolbar which is directly beneath the menu headings on the Main Window display These functions are described in more detail in the relevant parts of this manual Default view Seg OFf The Main Window Toolbar 1 The Display 63 E E E Ej S l GE RA E 0 e C oy New File Opens a new file Only one acquisition window may be open at a time Open File Opens a previously recorded file Save File Saves data to the file currently open Main Window Brings the Main Window to the foreground Analysis Brings the Analysis Window to the foreground
32. a number of stimu lator functions which are used here to build a Sequence that will instruct the stimulator to produce increasingly larger pulses In Scope mode each sweep can record the response of the excitable tissue to a stimulus and the Sequence automatically increases the amplitude of the stimulus between each sweep A step by step exercise follows SCOPE MODE SEQUENCE BUILDING EXERCISE 1 To construct an example of a Sequence designed to control the D A Converter in Scope mode select Preferences from the Edit menu in Windows or the LabScribe2 menu on the Macintosh On the Channels page of the Preferences Dialog e Set the Acquisition Mode to Scope Multiple and the Number of Sweeps to 10 e Set the Delay Between Sweeps to 2 seconds 59 e Set the Start mode to User e Set the Stop mode to Timed and the time to 0 03 seconds e Set the Sampling Speed to 20000 samples second and the Display Time to 0 03 seconds e De select the Raw Ch 1 4 by removing any checks in the checkboxes on the left e Select the Stim1 channel check its checkbox and set it to Record the stimulator Preferences Dialog pee i Channel stimulator views Sequences Options Events Acquisition Mode Start Stop Ss a v Timed v Speed 20000 Samples Sec_ v Scope Multiple v User io i aaa amame SEC Display Time 0 03 sec Number of Sweeps Delay Between Sweeps 2 000 bec Title Mode
33. a sampling of data points the averages of a chosen number of data points or the maximum or minimum values of a chosen number of data points Export Parameters The Export Parameters dialog 10 The Journal and Data Export 139 Index A Acquisition Start modes 36 Stop modes 37 triggering 36 Advanced analysis modules 100 Advanced menu 24 Amplitude Display AutoScale 30 Zoom Tools 30 Amplitude display Preferred Scale 31 resolution 34 Set Scale 31 Analysis Window 82 adding functions 87 Copy Export Print 89 Functions 86 Analysis Window functions Derivative 86 General 86 Integral 87 Autocorrelation 74 AutoScale 30 B Blood Pressure Calculations 85 Blood Pressure advanced analysis 110 Automarks 112 Offline calculations 113 Online calculations 110 C Cardiac Functions Heart Rate Variability HRV 76 Cardiac functions Cardiac Angle 76 Leads 76 Channel Bar 3 Channel Math 71 Channel Menu 3 Analysis Window 83 Channel menu FFT View 94 XY View 90 Channel sizing 4 Computed Function Channel adding 62 Crosstime Channel Calculation 78 Cursors Locking separation 7 moving 6 Single Cursor Mode 6 Two Cursor Mode 6 Zoom Between Cursors 27 Cutting Copying Pasting 137 D Derivative 67 Analysis Window 86 XY View 91 Digital Input 78 131 Digital Output 132 Sequences 133 States 132 Display options 43 Display T
34. be deleted The data between the two cursors can also be deleted e Crop The data between the cursors can be croppped and saved as a data file The Edit Block dialog DownSample Used to downsample the data to a sampling speed chosen by the user This reduces the information in the file and should be used with caution See the discussion on choosing a sampling speed beginning on page 34 of Chapter 3 Acquisition It is important to be sure that the sampling rate chosen doesn t sample the data inadequately Warning This cannot be undone Crop Data Crops the data between the cursors This data section can be saved as a new file 22 Settings 2 The Menus The Settings menu allows the user to load create or edit files containing preset recording and analysis parameters Selecting a file from the list of experiments beneath the line programs LabScribe2 to record data in a manner specified by the settings file associated with each experiment Settings Sdyvanced Help Load Group Manage Settings Default Setting Tutorial Animal Fluid Balance Animal Muscle ActionPotentials Worm L52 Compound4 ctionPotential L52 Animal Merve Cellular Metabolism General Biology Ecology Mechanoreceptors Lo2 Human Circulation MembranePotentials Lo2 Human Exercise Neuromuscularstudies Lo2 Human Heart Human Kidney Human Muscle Human Merve Human Psychophysiology FT Fr F0 F F F0 F F F F BE T FTF F Human Spiromet
35. button is clicked in Averaged mode LabScribe2 will record the user specified Number of Sweeps but will only save and display one sweep representing the average of all the individual recorded sweeps When operating in Scope mode LabScribe2 takes snapshots of data Each snapshot is called a sweep and has a pre determined length The sweep length or Stop Time is set in the Stop mode box of the Channel page from the Preferences Dialog By choosing Timed as the Stop Mode the sweep length in seconds can be entered into the Stop mode edit box Although used less frequently as a way to stop recording in Scope mode each sweep can be ended manually by setting the Stop mode to User and clicking the Stop button when the sweep has acquired the desired data 39 Sampling Rate The optimal sampling frequency in Scope mode can be determined by the same procedure used in Chart mode First find the quickest event in the record If the compound action potential is used as an example the spike goes from baseline to about 80 of its full amplitude in about 0 00035s If you substitute 0 00035s for the rise time in the following equation 0 159 RiseTime Bandwidth 0 159 0 00035 454 Multiply the bandwidth by five and the minimum sampling frequency is 2270Hz Doubling the sampling rate to 5kHz ensures that the trace recorded is representative of the signal If the entire event of interest is only 0 1 seconds long a sweep at 5 000 samples p
36. can then be pasted into the journal or an external application e Set X axis Scale Set Y axis scale Allows the user to set the x axis and y axis scales e AutoScale X axis AutoScale Y axis Optimizes the display scale of the x axis or y axis of the XY graph e The axes can also be re scaled by left clicking and dragging either of the axes 8 Advanced Analysis 113 In the graph Blood Pressure XY Loops are displayed for the cycles defined by the cursors in the raw data graph and selected in the Cycles Selected window The highlighted cycle in the Cycles Selected window is shown in red while all other selected cycles are displayed in green This makes it easy to identify individual cycles for inclusion or exclusion from the analysis Cycles can be deselected or selected by clicking on the check box to the left of the cycle number in the Cycles Selected box The UP and DOWN arrows on the computer keyboard can be used to move quickly through the individual cycles There are four buttons across the bottom of the Blood Pressure Calculations Dialog Copy Export Algorithms and Table Options e All the calculated data in the Data Table can be copied to the clipboard by clicking the Copy button or exported by clicking the Export button The data are exported in a tab txt or comma separated csv text file and the XY graph can be exported as a Portable Network Graphics png or JPEG jpg image e LabScribe2 is able to calculate a
37. combi nation with each other these filters can create either Band Pass or Band Reject Notch filters By definition Low Pass filters pass only those frequencies below the set frequency As an example a large percentage of ECG signal information is contained in frequencies below 40Hz A significant noise source in such recordings is the 60Hz line voltage from 110V AC power or mains used to power equipment and lights A 50Hz Low Pass filter allows all frequencies below 50Hz including most ECG information to pass to the recorder but excludes all frequencies above 50Hz including the 60Hz noise from the mains Applying the 50Hz Low Pass filter creates a quieter more readable ECG In general the application of a low pass filter quiets high frequency noise and improves the signal to noise ratio of the recording On the other hand High Pass filters pass frequencies higher than the set frequency These filters can remove low frequency interference such as slow baseline drift or a standing offset voltage so that the user sees a more Stable baseline The signals of interest extracellularly recorded action potentials in neuronal extracellular recordings are of a very high frequency while there is little of biological interest in the lower frequencies so High Pass filters are used to filter out both 60Hz noise and slower oscillations that would otherwise cause the trace to drift in and out of the data channel 32 Averaging Outboard
38. desired function category from the menu Creation of a Channel Math function channel through either method will add the channel to the list of ee channels on the Channel page of the Preferences Dialog Smoothing AutoCorrelation e If the function requires user specified parameters a setup dialog will Power open This setup dialog is also accessible by clicking on the computed Cardiac r channel s Mode Function label after the Computed Function channel EEG has been created Setup Function is at the top of the menu Gain Telegraph DigitalInput e The computed channel s function can also be changed by clicking on CrossTimeChannelCalculation the Mode Function button in the Channel Bar and choosing a new TemplateMatch function from the add function list The channel to which the function is P Loop p applied remains the same unless it is changed in the Setup Function TimeShift Channel Event Marker Sonomicrometry t e Whether computed functions are performed online in real time or offline after recording has stopped their setup is the same dialog of the new function The complete list of function categories Note Deleting the channel to which the function is applied will cause the function channel to have invalid data 6 Computed Channels 62 The Functions Periodic Periodic functions operate on cyclic data to produce a graphical representation of how the functions vary with time LabScribe2 calculates these parameters wit
39. dialog that allows the user to set the parameters for importing text data files This is a separately licensed feature of LabScribe2 Batch Import Once a single text file is imported a number of additional files can be imported with the same input parameters Export Allows the user to export the entire data file as text or in a variety of formats appro priate to external analysis programs These formats include Matlab mat DADISP dat and Excel xls The current screen can be exported as a JPG jpg or Portable Network Graphics png file The current screen can also be exported as a LabScribe2 data file Document Properties Opens the Document Properties dialog that allows the user to annotate the file wth notes or to view the acquisition characteristics of the file including the date and time of recording the sampling speed and the number of input channels Batch Convert v1 x Files Converts all v1 x files in a folder to v2 x files Print View Prints the active window Print Preview Previews the image to be printed Page Setup Opens a dialog box that allows the user to set up page formatting features specific to the printer being used Print Journal Prints the Journal Recent Files Opens a submenu displaying the last ten files opened Choosing one closes the current file and opens the selected data file Exit Quits the program On the Macintosh use Quit Labscribe 2 in the Labscribe 2 menu Lab
40. equation to the values in the table The fitted equation as well as the error is shown If MultiPoint Calibration is being used to test the linearity of the sensor the data from this window serves as confirmation e Selecting OK will apply the fitted equation to the raw data to get a calibrated output The Channel Math function applies a user defined function to points from up to four data channels and displays the output in a computed channel One of four variables A B C and D can be associated with a user selected data channel As an example to divide Channel 1 by Channel 2 click the add function button on either the Channel 1 or Channel 2 Channel Bar Select the Channel Math option to open the Channel Math Setup Dialog Select A to be Channel 1 and B to be Channel 2 In the Channel edit box name the computed channel A B Every Channel 1 data point is divided by the corresponding Channel 2 data point and the resulting waveform is displayed in the A B computed channel 71 Channel Math Setup Dialog RawCht w Raw Ch2 w in asin acos sar R aly Ch 4 s atan Channel A B eFC Cancel In this Channel Math Setup Dialog the output channel is equal to RawCh I plus Raw Ch 2 2 Comp Ch I in grams A full range of trig and log functions as well as the common mathematical operators are available in the Channel Math dialog window The Unit Name for the calculated value can be specified There is also
41. information about the digital filter functions can be found on page 32 of Chapter 3 Acquisition Using the Filter To apply a digital filter to a channel Functions Smoothing e Click add function in the Channel Bar e Choose Filter from the function list opening the Filter Setup Dialog e Select a Filter Type from the drop down menu e Choose a Filter Order e Adjust the boundaries of the colored area of the graph or enter the desired values into the Low Cutoff and High Cutoff text boxes e Click OK to add the Filter channel to the display All experimental data recordings include varying degrees of noise that can obscure important data Hardware and software filters can increase the signal to noise ratio by removing certain frequencies from the data In addition to the use of filters LabScribe2 has the ability to smooth the data in order to reveal significant features of your data Smoothing is used to remove noise that is uniform across all frequencies LabScribe2 uses two different algorithms to smooth the data the Moving Average function does wide smoothing while the Savitzky Golay function seeks to preserve shapes of peaks 6 Computed Channels 73 Moving Average Applies a user specified number of points on either side of each data point to calculate the mean and replaces the datapoint with the calculated mean For example if you set the number of data points on either side to 1 then new data N data N 1 data N
42. is best if the polarity of the data display matches the real world behavior of the parameter For example if the observed temperature goes up the trace on the computer screen should go up Increasing pressure or force should also produce a positive or upward deflection of the trace Depending how sensors and amplifiers are wired this may or may not be the case In the event that the data display has the wrong polarity the trace can be inverted by selecting Invert from the Channel Menu Units sub menu or the right click menu in any data channel The Invert function can be switched off at any time by selecting Invert a second time Large digital readouts of the amplitudes recorded on each channel can be displayed on the right side in the Main Window e Select the Voltmeter function from the View menu to display these readouts e While data are being recorded the most recent values are displayed e On a recorded trace the Voltmeter displays the amplitude of the trace on each channel at the position of a single cursor or the difference in amplitudes between the positions of two cursors e The voltmeter display can be customized in different views The channels to appear in the v Time 3 41 641 2 0 414 Volt i Options y ECG ae Voltmeter display can be chosen The font size y v Heart Rate Volt and style the color and the channel order can Heng be set in the Voltmeter s Options menu It is Set Num Columns gt also possi
43. menu The mean value between the cursors will be recorded in the Normalization Dialog e Increase the micrometer setting to stretch the vessel wall minimally Click Record e After the pressure has stabilized click Stop e Position the cursors on either side of a stabilized section of the trace and select Add Point from the Normalization menu e Repeat this procedure for a number of micrometer settings Once enough points have been recorded select Calculate from the Normalization menu opening the Normalization Dialog The micrometer setting the force registered by the wires and the vessel wall pressure are displayed for each data point recorded e In the Normalization Dialog enter the Target Pressure the Wire Diameter the IC Ratio and the Vessel Length e Click Fit Exponential Equation to Data A graph is generated and the Internal Circumference at the Target Pressure the normalized IC and the correct micrometer setting for that normalized internal circumference are displayed 8 Advanced Analysis 129 e Outlying data points can be deleted by selecting the point and clicking Delete Point Normalization Dialog Target Pressure mmHg 13 3 Wire Diameter microns L1 L100 Ratio 90 Tissue Length microns _Force mN pressure kPa 0 000000 6 624262 13 766939 24 769839 233 Icfum Fit Exponential Equation to Data Equation y 0 000491exp 0 025623x Delete Point 1C100 289 IC1 260 Micromet
44. number The default cycle number starts at zero a change from the default starting cycle number can be made here e In the Maximum rate bpm box enter the maximum heart rate likely to be registered in the recording 8 Advanced Analysis 116 e In the Place Marks at section select the ECG landmarks you wish to locate and mark by checking the appropriate checkboxes These marks can be viewed and edited in the Marks window accessed in the main Toolbar The Marks window is organized so that the marks can be sorted by Time ascending or descending Channel or Content by clicking on the title of the appropriate column in the Marks table Individual comments or ranges of comments may be selected or deselected using the SHIFT and CONTROL keys Collections of selected comments can be exported or deleted e Select the calculations you wish to send to the Journal from the Export to Journal list e Click OK to place the Marks at the desired landmarks on the raw data channel and send the calculation results to the Journal The calculations that LabScribe2 can perform based on the AutoMark locations are Time at R Time at the peak of the R wave R R Interval Interval between consecutive R waves Delta R R Change in the R R Interval from the preceding interval PR Interval The time from the beginning of the P wave to the peak of the R wave P Duration Time from the beginning to the end of the P wave QRS Duration Time from the beginning of
45. of the integral positive and plots the running total The Abs Integral is used for analysis of cyclic data such as unit action potentials or EMG data e Positive Only the positive data points are included in the calculation e Negative Only the negative data points are included in the calculation 6 Computed Channels 65 Zero Data points with values above zero make the Integral larger those with values less than zero make the Integral smaller To successfully complete the calculation of the Integral the location of the zero line needs to be established Integral Setup Use first 0 000000 seconds as zero Integral Setup dialog Setting the baseline of the raw data channel to zero is important because this function defines the difference between positive and negative areas of the recording If the baseline of the raw data record is in the positive range of amplitudes then the Integral will have a positive slope even though no signal is present Conversely if the baseline of the raw data is in the negative range the Integral will have a negative slope To determine where the zero line is located LabScribe2 takes a value of zero volts as the zero line If real units such as grams or mmHg are used LabScribe2 will take the zero units value as zero LabScribe2 also has a Use First N seconds as zero option The data values for the first N seconds collected are averaged and used by the program as zero This featu
46. of LVEDP Systolic Pressure and Diastolic Pressure To configure Blood Pressure AutoMarks e Select AutoMark from the Blood Pressure sub menu opening the AutoMark Blood Pressure Charac teristics Points Dialog In this dialog enter e Channel Choose a channel with blood pressure data e Start From Location in the data file to start the analysis The start of the document or an existing mark can be used to set the start location e Stop At Location in the data file to end the analysis The end of the document or an existing mark can be used to set the stop location e Starting Mark Index Marks placed in the record have a number which corresponds to the cycle number The default cycle number starts at zero the number can be changed here e When the Pressure channel is selected it will show up in the graph Set the threshold lines so that they are between the cyclic minimum and maximum data values Data crossing from below the lower threshold to above the upper threshold is used to determine the cycle In some traces using the derivative of the blood pressure makes it possible to set the threshold values more easily e Place Marks At Allows the user to choose the points of interest the program should mark in the record This can be used to verify that the program has detected the correct points of interest e Export to Journal Allows the user to choose the values to be exported to the Journal for each cycle The choices consist
47. of all online and offline functions 8 Advanced Analysis 112 Offline Blood In addition to the online Blood Pressure calculations LabScribe2 can perform additional offline Pressure Blood Pressure calculations and display an XY graph of Blood Pressure as a function of its Calculations derivative Blood Pressure Calculations Dialog Pressure Channel Blood Pressure w Cycles i Selected Tau Fit upto 5 mmHg above EDP v Y2 v3 Percent Recovery 5 ae v4 Relaxation Time 50 i Yo DPDT 5 mmHg DPDT B 10 mmHg A 1 The program detects a cycle using minimum values on the pressure channel y 0 0 0 10 dpat mmHgis sei Ht pman pmmin dpman dPmin Pmean MAP c1 n1 pn ESP EDP EsP eDP LvEDP Notch puns pura purc Touw Taut Taut raum TT Peak et sare 4 OO t 2 Yes 84 2 9123 2 8741 0 4588 0 1713 2 8912 2 89 0 0 p O Ce 2 91 2 87 0 0379 2 6758 2 5798 230 01 490 0 720 01 gt 1 0000 1 000C 1 0000 0 0000 210 0000 27 0 0001 3 Yes 62 0 2 9124 2 8725 0 4703 0 18506 2 8902 2 89 0 0 p O Ce 2 91p 2 57 0 0386 2 8764 2 8772 230 01p 470 01 700 01 1 0000 1 000C 1 0000 0 0000 200 0000 27 0 0001 4 Yes 84 2 9102 2 8701 0 4574 0 1774 2 8886 2 59 0 p 0 p 0 Cp 2 91p 2 57 0 0377 2 8730 2 5986 240 01 500 0 740 0 1 0000 1 000C 1 0000 0 0000 200 0000 27 0 0001 s g lt gt The Blood Pressure Calculations Dialog To perform Offline Cal
48. the Toolbar at the top of the Main Window The selected data are moved to the Linear Display area in the FFT window where adjustments can be made which optimize the size of the FFT plot 92 FFT Window Components snapTocrid lt 9 gt Yaluet Timet T2 T1 Value add function y FFT Ecs O s 0 55970 00 03 20 776 41 00000 0 04334 1 17101 0 107837 0 955336 316 446 ed 70 aa 106 a4 96 357 F606 4 Y Power Spectrum of ECG AuboScale Fa ita ht 4 Freq Resolution 0 1 Hz v Normalize Power Max Power Freq at Max Power Power between Cursors add function 0 00021 1 20000 0 01414 0 00003 wt O 11 m 0 0054 lt 0 00000 11 00000 Fz 00000 33 00000 44 00000 FFT Window Located in the upper left of the data channel display area the FFT channel selection drop down box allows the user to select the data channel to be used in the FFT plot The same functions available in the Analysis Window can be applied to the data from this channel by clicking on its add function button The FFT plot is displayed in the lower pane A different set of functions appropriate to the FFT plot can be accessed by clicking the add function button in this lower pane The FFT plot toolbar has display controls similar to the Main Window e Half Display Time Zoom between Cursors and Double Display Time function as they do in the Main Window e The Y axis can be scaled using the Zoom In A
49. the Q wave to the end of the S wave QT Interval Time from the beginning of the Q wave to the end of the T wave QTc Interval Corrected normalized QT Interval QTc QT Interval Square root of preceding R R Interval ST Segment Time from the end of the S wave to the beginning of the T wave T Duration Time from the beginning to the end of the T wave TP Duration Time from the beginning of the T wave to the end of the P wave These calculations can be exported to the Journal From there they can be exported or copied and pasted into other applications Beat by beat ECG analysis can also be performed from the Channel menu of an ECG raw data channel in the Analysis Window Refer to the ECG Calculations section on page 84 of the Analysis chapter 8 Advanced Analysis 117 Offline Calculations More sophisticated ECG analysis can be accomplished by selecting Offline Calculations from the ECG Analysis submenu and opening the ECG Calculations Dialog The panels of this dialog can be resized by moving the mouse cursor over the boundaries until a double headed arrow appears and dragging the boundaries to resize the panels ECG Calculations Dialog Using the 2 cursors select a region to analyse Settings Artifact Removal Detection Algorithms Results 4 gt Group Cycles in Group 1 50 LabScribe2 ECG Analysis vi A v13 1 30 l 2 E 1140 Channel ECG v 15 Settings v4 V 16 0 90 0 70 Selection Start
50. the left cursor in the data recording at the top of the dialog e Export E t vs Time data Exports the E t vs Time data as a tab txt or comma csv separated text file e Set X axis Scale Set Y axis scale Allows the user to set the x axis and y axis scales e AutoScale X axis AutoScale Y axis Optimizes the display scale of the x axis or y axis of the XY graph Offline PV Calculations displayed in the Data Table include Heart rate HR End systolic pressure ESP End diastolic pressure EDP Maximum pressure Pmax Minimum pressure Pmin Maximum dP dt dPmax Minimum dP dt dPmin Maximum volume Vmax Minimum volume Vmin End systolic volume ESV End diastolic volume EDV Stroke volume SV EDV ESV Cardiac output CO SV HR Ejection fraction EF 100 SV EDV Stroke work SW area within the PV Loop for each cardiac cycle Maximum power maxPwr Preload adjusted maximum power pIPwr Arterial elastance Ea Pressure volume area PVA Potential energy PE Efficiency Eff and four derivations of Tau the lsovolumic relaxation time constant Weiss Logistic Glantz and Mirsky There are four buttons across the bottom of the PVLoops Calculations Dialog Copy Export Algorithms and Table Options All the calculated data in the data table can be copied to the clipboard by clicking the Copy button or exported by clicking the Export EEEEATT button The data are exported as a tab txt or comma separated
51. the raw data and then displays it on the calculated channel On the channel where the derivative is displayed the units are changed to the units of the raw data channel second Higher order derivatives can be calculated by applying a Derivative function to a Derivative channel To apply the Derivative function to a channel e Click on the add function button in the Channel Bar e Select Derivative from the Function menu e Click Record in the Main Window to begin recording 6 Computed Channels 67 Spirometry Using the Spirometry Functions The Spirometry volume functions use a specialized version of the integral function for use with iWorx spirometers Spirometers which measure respiratory volumes are sensitive air flow sensors LabScribe2 integrates the sequential flow values measured by the sensor as the subject breathes and displays the air flow volume If a gas analyzer is used VO5 VCQb and the RER can also be calculated The advanced LabScribe2 Metabolic module depends on the accurate recording of basic Spirometry functions The Spirometry functions are Periodic i Integral d esis ATP Vol Human Body A measure of air flow from Spiranietiy ATP Yol HumanBody human respiration at ambient temperature and MultiPoint Calibration ATP Yol Syringe atmospheric air pressure Channel Math STPD Yol HumanBody i Filter VlO2 Breath by Breath e ATP Vol Syringe An air volume measurement Smoothing CO2 Breath by Brea
52. type of data point will keep the two cursors separated allowing you to determine both amplitude values and the distance between the two cursors e Indicate the channel you want to be used and use the sample trace in the Find Dialog to specify the threshold window For example if the threshold lines are set above the P and T waves in an ECG and Next Max is chosen for the desired New Cursor Position location the cursors will move from R to R as Labscribe2 will look for maximum values over the threshold lines e The cursors can be instructed to move a set number of seconds past or before if a negative value is entered the data criterion set 96 7 Analysis e Once the criteria are set choosing Find Next or using its keyboard shortcut CONTROL F in Windows COMMAND F on the Macintosh will move the cursors to their next positions e Although the Find commands work in the Main Window using them in the Analysis Window will report specified values to the Table Functions data boxes allowing the values to be sent to the Journal e Once the Find routine is defined it can be saved by clicking the Save button on the Find Dialog window The named routine is saved in the Auto Find folder as an iwxfind file e In the example in the figure using this Find routine on the ECG trace will cause both cursors to move as one from R to R to R allowing you to locate the position and determine the amplitude of each R If the New Cursor 2 were to b
53. vi User v User v Speed 100 v Samples Sec_ Display Time 10 000000 sec Title Mode Function Max Min add Function Units Color Raw chi anc 5 000000 5 o0000c add function __ is Raw Ch2 BNC 5 000000 Bem Raw Ch3 5 000000 Raw Ch 4 INS 5 000000 add function i sm1 C keard 5 000000 5 00000 add anc The Channel page of the Preferences Dialog 4 Creating Your Own Preferences and Settings 41 Some of the Preferences set on the Channel page apply to all channels refer to the discussion beginning on page 36 of Chapter 3 Acquisition e Acquisition Mode Sets the type of acquisition Chart or one of the three Scope modes e Start Sets the parameters that start the recording The user can start the recording manually recording can start a pre determined amount of time after Record is clicked or the start of recording can be triggered by an external event or by an event or condition on another channel e Stop Sets the parameters to stop recording Recording can be stopped manually by the user or after a pre determined amount of time after recording starts e Speed Sets the number of samples taken every second on each channel e Display Time Sets the time and the amount of data displayed on one screen The Preferences that can be set for each individual channel include e Title Edits the title of eac
54. 0 me EDPVR Equation P 0 615950exp 0 063348 vi 6 Stiffness 0 063 v 9 R Value 0 916 v 10 PRSW Iv ii Equation y 53 658x 381 466 vV 12 R value 0 979 Intercept 7 109 Max dP vs EDY Equation y 376 973x 1793 463 R value 0 941 Intercept 4 758 PVA vs EDY Equation y 88 151x 942 673 L Vcorr uL Sm sr rm rm so me em Te Te Tov eae one 1 fes 500 76 66 4 91 685 40 1 90 9869 15 6274 32 34 13 56 13 94 32 30 18 36 9180 56 85 1294 676207 25 650 09 4 16 1696 602 0 68 6 69 2 Yes 512 4 69 57 4 19 60 71 1 61 9467 69 5290 c0 29 94 11 52 11 80 29 67 18 07 9265 60 46 1231 625132 82 700 55 3 85 1661 429 0 74 6 54 500 62 89 3 20 75 74 1 23 8862 16 4415 7 26 13 10 26 10 55 27 23 16 68 6339 61 26 1127 549715 09 741 55 3 77 1465 338 0 77 6 52 512 56 77 2 81 71 56 1 06 8199 93 4000 26 50 9 63 9 97 24 92 14 95 7667 60 00 1009 483580 67 776 64 3 93 1304 295 0 77 6 55 455 1 56 26 2 64 68 31 1 21 7674 46 3799 0 25 53 9 12 9 75 23 67 13 92 6375 58 62 929 35 431623 67 770 59 4 04 1153 253 0 79 6 57 6 Yes 465 51 235 2 89 65 67 1 17 7250 86 3661 24 65 8 77 8 98 22 70 13 71 6378 60 42 866 70 385749 83 748 62 3 74 1110 241 0 78 6 28 K Yes 500 1 51 73 2 56 64 10 0 84 6957 95 3572p 24 34 6 74 9 19 22 27 13 07 6537 56 72 630 87 360759 47 727 73 3 96 1048 217 0 79 6 22 lt Algorithms Table Options The PV Loops Calculations Di
55. 1 650 sec Vv LVP BNC C AutoScale E Caddfunction v2 1 100 80 60 40 20 y LW BNC C AutoScale Cadd function v2 1 42 36 5 LYP mmHg 34 30 V Adjusted volume v pilv AutoScale Cad 26 24 ree 20 18 16 14 Adjusted Volume uL H 0 00 rr 1 006 sec 2 013 sec Graph ofi LYP v Vs Compchi TimeofFile lt Loaded File Mouse_p_sample iwxdata Pressure volume loops shift to the right as a bolus of hypertonic saline passes through the left ventricle Data from these loops are used to calculate parallel volume or conductance and compute a corrected calibrated ventricular volume Selecting the PV Loops submenu from the add functions list opens a dialog in which Parallel Volume or Vol Baan s Equation can be chosen To use the Parallel Volume function to determine the parallel volume it is necessary to use a calibrated volume channel To use the Vol Baan s Equation function it is possible to use a raw conductance channel The resulting function channels will be volume calibrated and corrected for parallel conductance 8 Advanced Analysis 107 To use the Parallel Volume function ETA AAAF Click on add function on the Volume channel BIE e In the dialog that opens select PV Loops and then Parallel Volume Parallel Volume 19 4128 uL from the submenu e Enter the Alpha slope correction value and click on Calculate Parallel keii from Cha
56. 48 48 49 49 50 52 52 52 53 53 53 54 56 56 57 57 57 58 58 58 59 Stimulus Protocols Built with the Sequence Builder The Sequences Preferences Page Building Output Protocols Using Sequences SCOPE MODE SEQUENCE BUILDING EXERCISE Chapter 6 Computed Channels Overview Adding a Computed Function Channel The Functions Periodic The Periodic Setup Dialog PERIODIC FUNCTIONS SETUP EXERCISE Using the Periodic Functions Integral Zero Using the Integral Functions Derivative Using the Derivative Function Spirometry Using the Spirometry Functions MultiPoint Calibration Using the MultiPoint Calibration Function Channel Math Using the Channel Math Function Filter Using the Filter Functions Smoothing Using the Smoothing Function Auto Correlation Using the Autocorrelation Function Power Using the Power Function Cardiac Using the Cardiac Functions EEG Using the EEG Functions Gain Telegraph Using the Gain Telegraph Function Digital Input CrossTime Channel Calculation Using CrossTime Channel Calculations Template Match Using Template Matching PVLoop TimeShift Channel Using Channel TimeShifting Event Marker Using Event Markers sonomicrometry Using the Sonomicrometry Functions 59 59 59 59 62 62 63 63 63 64 64 65 66 67 67 67 68 68 71 71 71 72 72 73 73 74 74 15 15 75 76 76 77 77 78 78 78 78 19 79 79 80 80 80 80 81 81 81 Chapter 7 Analysis Overvi
57. A DConverter improves to152nV Note The actual resolution of the system depends on both the resolution of the analog input device and the digital resolution of the A D Converter It is important to consider the resolution of the system as a whole The Start dialog on the Channel page of the Preferences Dialog accessed from the Edit menu in Windows or the LabScribe2 menu on the Macintosh shows the options for starting the acquisition process Recording can be started manually User delayed for a specific amount Timed of time after the Record button is clicked Timed triggered by a specific Trigger event from an external TTL device Trigger or triggered by an event or Channel 1 condition on one of the data channels Channels 1 4 Channel z Channel 3 Channel 4 Skart The Start dialog The simplest way to start the recording is to click the Record button in the upper right hand corner of the LabScribe2 Main Window User is the default setting in LabScribe2 Recording begins when the user presses the Record button and will continue until one of the Stop condi tions is met Pretriggering is not possible in the User or Timed mode If desired the recording of data can be delayed for a user specified fixed duration by choosing Timed and entering the desired value in the Wait sec text box of the Start Dialog It may be necessary to synchronize the beginning of the recording with the beginning of an external event LabScribe2 c
58. Correlation is a mathematical tool used frequently in signal processing for analyzing Correlation functions or series of values such as time domain signals Practically it is a measure of how well a signal matches a time shifted version of itself as a function of the amount of time shift More precisely it is the cross correlation of a signal with itself AutoCorrelation is useful for finding repeating patterns in a signal such as determining the presence of a periodic signal which has been buried under noise or identifying the missing fundamental frequency in a signal implied by its harmonic frequencies AutoCorrelation Dialog Warning Sampling Speed has to be the same in all blocks For this Function to work properly The AutoCorrelation Dialog 6 Computed Channels 74 Using the To apply the AutoCorrelation function to a channel Autocorrelation e Click add function in the Channel Bar Function e Choose AutoCorrelation from the function list opening the AutoCorrelation Dialog e Choose a region of the dialog waveform that you wish to check for AutoCorrelation and click OK e A high degree of AutoCorrelation will be displayed as a very regular pattern in the AutoCorrelation computed channel Power The Power function performs a Fast Fourier Transform FFT on data in the selected channel and returns the average Power amplitude in the frequency band selected Power Setup Dialog Low Cutott High Cutoff ed 50 Frequenc
59. ER or RETURN key 4 Click Stop Scroll through the data using the scroll bar at the bottom of the Main Window until you locate Test 1 in the Text Display Area 5 Click on the arrow next to the Mark button and choose Test 2 Notice that the data in the Main Window has moved to the Test 2 mark 6 Using the mouse click and hold on the comment Test 2 at the bottom of the screen Continue holding the mouse button down and drag the comment to a new position on one of the available channels 7 Release the mouse button and the mark text is locked on the selected channel Comments positioned in this way will remain where they are placed and will print exactly as you see them 8 Try this exercise again with a mark created off line To create an off line mark open Single Cursor Mode by clicking the Single Cursor icon in the Toolbar Position the cursor where the off line mark is to be positioned Type some text on the comment line at the top of the screen and press the ENTER or RETURN key The mark appears at the cursor location and the comment appears at the bottom of the screen The number of channels of raw data that LabScribe2 can acquire and display is limited to the number of inputs on the hardware in use but it can calculate data on up to 128 channels The extra channels can be used to display computed functions that are mathematically derived from the raw data For example the arterial pressure from four different a
60. Filter Order 2 and the last Filter Order 2 data points are invalid For example if the filter order is 51 then the first 25 and the last 25 data points in the filtered data are invalid 6 Computed Channels 72 Filter Setup Dialog Filter Type Hamming Wwindow defaull v Low Cutoff 11 6935 E Filter Order odd number 51 High Cutoff 29 9 25 Frequency Frequences in Color are passed while those in white are blocked The digital software Filter Setup Dialog The graphic interface in the Filter Setup Dialog is straightforward The colored area corre sponds to the frequencies that are passed or allowed and the white area corresponds to the frequencies that are rejected To remove high frequencies from the signal click on the right boundary of the colored area and drag this boundary to the left To remove low frequencies from the signal click on the left boundary of the colored area and drag this boundary to the right After clicking and dragging a boundary it can be placed more accurately by entering the values in the Low Cutoff and High Cutoff fields Boundaries can be placed in configurations that create High Pass Low Pass Band Pass as illustrated in the figure above or Notch filters Notice that the filter is subject to the Nyquist limitation of frequency The maximum frequency in the Filter Setup Dialog is exactly half of the sampling speed Additional
61. LabScribe2 User s Manual Contents Introduction Welcome How to Use This User s Manual System Requirements Installation Installation From CD Windows Macintosh OSX Installation Download From User Area iWorx com User Area Comments and Suggestions Technical Support Contacting Us For Sales For Technical Support Chapter 1 The Display Overview User Interface The Main Window The Toolbar Channel Bar Channel Sizing Cursors Cursor Modes Moving Cursors Locking Cursor Separation CURSOR EXERCISE Marks Making Marks Online Preset Marks Making Marks Off Line Editing Marks Navigating By Marks Positioning Mark Comments Sorting and Exporting Marks MARKS EXERCISE Views Creating and Editing Views Units Conversion Inverting the Trace Voltmeter Online XY Other Display Windows OON NN NN DODD RAON HH ee ee Ce Ce Cs Cy Cee Ce Ce NIN DODOWN O O Chapter 2 The Menus Overview The Menus File Edit View Tools Settings Advanced Help Chapter 3 Acquisition Overview Start Recording Settings Calling a Settings File Main Window Display Considerations Managing Display Time Display Time Setup Dialog Managing Amplitude Display Zoom Tools set Scale Preferred Scale Scroll Up Down Signal Conditioning Gain Bioamplifiers DIN 8 Inputs Offset Filters Averaging Outboard Conditioning Chart Mode selecting a Sampling Speed SAMPLING SPEED EXERCISE Vertical Resolution Starting Recording User
62. LabScribe2 displays ventricular pressure and ventricular volume data in real time as individual waveforms as well as on a PV Loops XY graph Beat to beat summary data from Left Ventricular Pressure LVP and Left Ventricular Volume LVV signals are displayed in real time and can be saved during acquisition to the online Journal The summary data contained in the Journal can be saved copied into a spreadsheet or exported to an external application for further analysis 8 Advanced Analysis 100 While recording data it is possible to measure certain beat by beat parameters using Online Calculations Choosing Online Calculations from the PV Loops submenu displays the PV Loop toolbar above the uppermost channel EDP Pmax Pmin dPmax dPmin Vmax Vmin esv eDv sv co eF sw 0 000 0 000 0 000 0 000 0 000 0 000 0 000 0 000 0 000 0 000 0 000 0 000 0 000 0 000 0 000 The PV Loops real time toolbar Online PV calculations include Sequential beat number Heart rate HR End systolic pressure ESP End diastolic pressure EDP Maximum pressure Pmax Minimum pressure Pmin Maximum dP dt dPmax Minimum dP dt dPmin Maximum volume Vmax Minimum volume Vmin End systolic volume ESV End diastolic volume EDV Stroke volume SV Cardiac output CO Ejection fraction EF and Stroke work SW Clicking on the down arrow on the left side of the PV Loops toolbar will display a submenu with three choices e Set
63. P dT e Relaxation Index Min dP dT Pressure at Min dP dT e Pulse Height Amplitude of each beat Clicking on the down arrow on the left side of the Blood Pressure toolbar will display a Submenu with three choices e Setup Opens the Online Blood Pressure Setup dialog e AutoSize Adjusts the size of the Blood Pressure toolbar title and data boxes e Set Font Size The user can change the size of the font in the Blood Pressure toolbar data boxes 8 Advanced Analysis 110 The criteria for setting up the Blood Pressure online calculations are entered into the Online Calculations Setup dialog Online Calculation Setup Calculations Pressure Channel Blood Pressure Beat ti E Heart Rate HF Cycles to Average Max Pressure Prax Min Pressure Prin Export to Journal Max dP idk idPmax Min dP idt fdPrmin Mean Pressure MAF Contractility Index Relaxation Index Pulse Height Set the thresholds For detecting a cycle using the two horizontal cursors Use percentage of Max and Min Scaling Use absolute values The Online Blood Pressure Setup dialog To configure the Online Blood Pressure Setup dialog e Choose the Pressure channel to be used e Choose the calculations to be performed online from the Calculations box and whether these calcula tions should be exported to the Journal e When the Pressure channel is selected it s graph will appear in the dialog Set the threshold lines so that they are b
64. PVR data using the Channels Settings Results ESPVR Fit Type drop down box Calculate PRSW using yP p e Enter the stop value to be included in the Saa a UR best fit line used for the determination of Show on PYLoop Graph Tau Tau is the isovolumic time constant E5 location and is calculated using the line from w ED location dPmin to this user defined point w ESPVR x a e Choose the value in each cycle that ean should be used to compute end systole Tau stop ES and how far to offset ES from the specified value By default the maximum Pressure to Volume ratio is used to identify ES Load Occlusion Data Save Occlusion Data PV Loops Settings dialog e Specify the value EDV or Vmax that should be used to calculate the preload recruitable stroke work PRSW e Enter the number of cycles that should be used to determine the Cycle Detection Threshold Sensitivity By default a threshold sensitivity of 4 is used to detect cycles from the dP dt trace If each cycle is not being detected properly the sensitivity can be adjusted 8 Advanced Analysis 104 e Enter into the Show on PV Loop Graph box those parameters you wish to see displayed on the XY Graph This feature allows a visual check that you have configured these parameters as desired and how changes to them affect relevant relationships e The ES End systole location for each cycle is based on the ES algorithm entered in the Settings
65. Scribe2 supports elements found in a standard Edit menu Edit View Tools Setting Undo Cr Redo Ctrl A Cut Ctrl ex Copy Ctrl Paste Chrley Preferences The Edit menu Undo Un does the last command Journal only Redo Re does the last command Journal only Cut Cuts the selected information in the Journal i Copy Copies the window in the foreground or the current selection in the Journal to the clipboard for pasting into another application Paste Pastes the contents of the clipboard to the Journal Preferences Opens the Preferences Dialog a tabbed multi pane dialog box that displays the Channels Stimulator Sequences Options and Events configuration panels The Prefer ences Dialog is accessed from the LabScribe2 menu on the Macintosh View 2 The Menus The View menu supports display elements specific to LabScribe2 Tools Settings 4d w ToolBar w StatusBar Stimulator Panel Voltmeter Online Main Window a Analysis We XY view ke FFT Spectrurr FFT Journal Marks d Reset Channel Size Display The View menu ToolBar Hides or displays the LabScribe2 Toolbar The Toolbar is part of the default display StatusBar Hides or displays the Status Bar The Status Bar at the bottom of the Main Window displays the progress status when files are being loaded or saved The Status Bar is part of the default display Stimulator Control Panel Hides or displays the Stimulator Control Panel
66. Timed External Trigger Triggered from Channel Pretriggering Stopping User Timed Pausing Display Preview Mode Scope Mode When to Use the Scope Mode 18 18 18 19 20 21 23 24 25 26 26 26 26 27 27 30 30 30 31 31 31 31 31 32 32 32 32 33 33 33 34 35 35 36 36 36 36 36 37 37 37 37 37 37 38 38 Acquiring Data in the Scope Mode Set Up the Software Repetitive Mode Multiple Sweep Mode Averaged Mode Sweep Length Sampling Rate saving Your Data Chapter 4 Creating Your Own Preferences and Settings Overview The Preferences Dialog Channel Page Stimulator Page Views Page Sequences Page Options Page Events Page Channel Events Timed Events Event Priority The Settings Menu Creating a New Settings File Creating a New Settings Group Helper Files Chapter 5 The Stimulator Overview Basic Stimulator Settings Pulse Protocols Building Output Protocols in Pulse Mode PULSE MODE STIMULATOR EXERCISE Train Mode Building Output Protocols in Train Mode TRAIN PROTOCOL STIMULATOR EXERCISE Constant Voltage Mode Step Mode Building Output Protocols in Step Mode VOLTAGE STEP MODE STIMULATOR EXERCISE Ramp Mode Triangle Mode The Stimulator Control Panel Pulse Mode Control Panel Train Mode Control Panel Step Control Panel Constant Voltage Mode Control Panel Ramp Mode Control Panel Triangle Mode Control Panel 38 38 39 39 39 39 40 40 41 41 41 42 42 43 43 44 44 45 45 45 46 46 47
67. User w User v Display Time 0 5 sec Title Mode Function Y Max Min add Function Units cColor Raw Chi J 5 000000 5 00000 add function _ _Units_ pE Raw ch2 Raw Ch 3 OFF 5 000000 S 00000c add Function San R Rawch4 ii OFF 5 000000 S 00000c add Function C Record 5 00000 s oo000 m Channels page of the Preferences Dialog set for the pulse mode exercise 2 Open the Stimulator page of the Preferences Dialog and select Pulse from the mode box in the upper left corner of the page 3 Enter the following values into the appropriate boxes on the Stimulator page e Delay 0 1sec an arbitrary value e Amplitude 1V e Number of Pulses 0 for continuous pulse output e Pulse Width 5ms e Pulse Frequency 100 Hz e Holding Potential OV 50 5 The Stimulator Stim l we Pulse v n a Delay 0 1 l SEC Bipolar E Amplitude 1 volts Start Stimulator with Recording Se ae Gal Number of Pulses 0 z Time Resolution WANENE e Pulse Width 5 S msec Toolbar Steps m an SSS Frequency 100 t Hz Frequency 1 E as a Time OFF Amplitude 0 S volks Amplitude va 0 1 ies Holding Potential 0 a olks Time sec 0 1 E These settings will create a protocol that delivers continuous square waves with 1V amplitude an
68. Watts function of time The Metabolic graph menu e The recording is divided into segments based on the segment duration entered into the Settings dialog They are listed in the Selected Segments window where they can be selected or de selected Segments selected with a check will be displayed on the graph and the calculated parameters will be included in the Data Table e Any graph can be copied to the clipboard by selecting Copy Graph There are four buttons across the bottom of the Metabolic Calculations Dialog Copy Export Algorithms and Table Options e All the calculated data in the Data Table can be copied to the clipboard by clicking the Copy button or exported by clicking the Export button The data are exported in a tab txt or comma separated csv text file and the XY graph can be exported as a Portable Network Graphics png or JPEG jpg image e Clicking Algorithms opens an information window describing the mathematical equations used to compute a number of the offline parameters 8 Advanced Analysis 125 Vi Aeon LabScribe2 is able to calculate a large number of metabolic calcula tions By clicking Table Options at the bottom of the Metabolic Calculations Dialog the Offline Calculations Options Dialog opens and the calculations to be displayed in the Data Table can be chosen from the list of all possible calculations The Data Table displays the chosen calculated values for each of the segments checked
69. X axis or the Y axis channel Next select Zoom Between Cursors from the Toolbar Clicking on the Channel Menu button to the far left of a Channel Bar or right clicking in the channel s display area opens the Channel Menu Add Ch Data to Journal Add Title to Journal w Invert The following items are included in some or all of the Copy Graph oleic Channel Menus of the three raw data channels Set Scale e Add Ch Data to Journal Adds the channel title and Table Functions data values from the selected channel to the Journal Prefered Scale zoom In AuboScale zoom Gut The raw data Channel Bar menus in XY View e Add Title to Journal Adds the Table Functions titles to the Journal e Invert Inverts the channel data e Copy Graph Copies the channel graph to the clipboard This can be then pasted into the Journal or an external application e Color Allows the user to choose the color of the trace for the channel e Scale The items in the Scale submenu have the same functions as in the Channel menus of the Main Window Refer to the discussion starting on page 30 in Chapter 3 Acquisition for details The functions available by clicking add function in any of the individual Channel Bars are the same functions available in the Analysis Window 90 The XY Graph Window Menu XY Graph Table Functions 7 Analysis Clicking the arrow to the left of add function in the XY Graph window opens the XY Graph
70. a Check Expression feature which checks for errors like unclosed parentheses or division by zero Since division by zero is a possible occurrence even in legit imate expressions but it cannot be calculated by a computer the program substitutes the last calculated value for the quotient if division by zero is attempted Using the To apply the Channel Math function to a channel Channel Math e Click on the add function button in the Channel Bar Function e Select Channel Math from the function list e Select the channels corresponding to A B C and D e Program the desired expression Set the units if applicable and click OK Filter A digital filter can be applied to any channel in real time or to previously recorded data LabScribe2 uses a FIR Finite Impulse Response filter There are various windowing functions that can be used for setting up an FIR filter The Hamming window default is appropriate for most applications In addition to the Hamming function LabScribe2 also provides Rectangular Bartlett Hanning Blackman and Blackman Harris windowing functions The Filter Order is the number of data points in the raw data required to calculate each point in the filtered data The strength of the filter is determined by the filter order The higher the order the stronger the filter and the longer LabScribe2 takes to calculate the function which can slow down the display Data points at the beginning and end of the filtered data the first
71. a block is treated as one Sweep To program LabScribe2 to record in Scope mode e Select Preferences from the Edit menu in Windows or the LabScribe2 menu on the Macintosh Open the Channel page of the Preferences Dialog e Select the appropriate Scope acquisition mode The acquisition mode can be set to either Repetitive Multiple or Averaged e Set the Start mode that will begin the recording of the sweep The available Start modes are the same as those in Chart mode e User Recording starts when the user clicks Record e Trigger Recording starts with a signal from an external TTL source connected to the Trigger input of the A D Converter Because the Trigger input is being monitored for this signal it is possible to see data occurring before the signal by setting the amount of time in the Pretrigger text box e Channel 1 2 3 or 4 Recording starts when a predetermined data conditon is met on the selected channel The user enters the low and high threshold values in the appropriate boxes and the Pretrigger time if desired in the Pretrigger text box 38 Repetitive Mode Multiple Sweep Mode Averaged Mode Sweep Length 3 Acquisition e Timed Recording starts after an amount of time programmed by the user in the Wait sec box Acquisition Mode Acquisition Mode Acquisition Mode Scope Multiple Scopeaveraged Scope Repetitive Number of Sweeps Number of Sw
72. abScribe2 He Edt Vio ools Settings Advanced Help oet meit EA A a na EE Defaut view e sego Speed 500s sec Display Time 1 40 000 Mark 7 m T271 1 4 636 Record V ECG 0 3 35H2 Q AutoScale Q Cadd function 2 V1 0 045 Volt 1 071 0 115 IH l Ih Nf i 0 840 Y 1 44 936 2 4 936 2 24 936 2 44 936 3 4 936 Tineofrile i By Pause Dis FA Sample ECG IWX214 None LabScribe2 soo E le File Edit View Tools settings Advanced He If DAE ME Erm E S AERA Default view Seq Off 7 a Speed 500 sjsec Display Time 6 248 sec Mark x T2 T1 2 084 sec ECG 0 3 35H2 AutoScale QQ Cadd function 2 V1 0 002 Volt 1 071 0 115 pr A Fi j A pee 5 A L ai m 0 840 Y 1 44 936 1 46 184 1 47 434 1 48 684 1 49 934 TimeofFie lt a haa Pause Dist Cd ECG viewed with a long Display Time top and a short Display Time bottom 28 In the second example a one hour battery discharge curve is shown in two views The two second screen time shows almost a straight line but clicking Double Display Time eight times reveals the entire curve FA Untitled IWX214 None LabScribe2 File Edit View Advanced Help osag an ANSIMA Default view Seq Off Time 3 798 sec 15 001 fy 2 798 sec 3 198 sec 3 598 sec 3 998 sec 4 398 sec TimeOfFile iv f Ill EA Pause Display Analysis Mode FA Untitled WX214 None LabScribe2
73. abScribe2 uses the positive threshold crossing from below the lower threshold to above the upper threshold to determine the cycle e In order to compensate for variation from cycle to cycle it is possible for LabScribe2 to average a user selected number of sequential cycles This number should be entered in the Cycles to Average text box e Click OK The dialog will close and the selected calculations will be displayed in the data boxes of the PV Loops toolbar as data are recorded Choosing AutoMark from the PV Loops submenu opens the PV Loop AutoMark Dialog in which the PV Loop parameters to be calculated marked and exported to the Journal for further analysis can be configured Ea PYLoopAutoMarkDialog Place Marks At J End systolic Pressure ESP Export to Journal Heart Rate estat ESP J End Diastolic Pressure EDP EDP Max Pressure Min Pressure Max dPdt General Setup Pressure Channel LYP Yolume Channel Max Pressure Pmax Stark From Document Stark Stop At Document End Starting Mark Index Tau fitting options Min Pressure Prin Max dP dt dPmax Min dF idt dPmin Max volume max Min volume min Min dPdt Max volume Min volume ESV ED Stroke Yol Cardiac Output me Ejection Fraction Fitupto 2 mmHg above EDP Stroke Work m Max Power imaxPwri The PVLoop Automark Dialog To co
74. able from iWorx Chart Mode 3 Acquisition Once the signal source is connected to the Worx unit and the signal conditioners are configured data recording can begin The most basic controls required are the ones that turn the recording on and off LabScribe2 can start a recording manually after a predetermined delay or when triggered by a specific event or condition A recording can be stopped manually or after a predetermined amount of time Before recording begins an appropriate sampling speed must be determined 33 Selecting a Sampling Speed 3 Acquisition Temporal resolution in digitally recorded data is determined by the sampling rate sampling speed The Worx A D Converter takes voltage measurements at regular intervals The voltage measurements y axis values and the times at which the voltages were recorded x axis values are interpreted by the LabScribe2 software as a pair of X Y coordinates LabScribe2 plots these coordinates as data points The software then connects the data points with a line to create the smooth graphical appearance of an analog chart recording Only the data points themselves are hard measurements The connecting lines are educated guesses made by the software and will not accurately model the real data if the sampling speed or the rate at which the data are sampled is not fast enough for the data being recorded To avoid creating recordings that may be inaccurate the sampling interval
75. alculation This will open the Cross Time Channel Setup Dialog Calculations e In the Initial Delay text box enter the amount of time from the start of recording until the function is initiated e In the Selection Duration text box enter the duration of the protocol e The selection can be set to start when the data on a selected channel crosses from one operator selected value to another e For each selection as defined above variable A can be set up to equal the mean maximum or minimum of the data during the selected time range on a selected channel Variables B C and D can be set up in similar fashion e The title and units name of the computed channel can be set The variables A B C D and the calculator can be used to create an equation for the computed channel Template Template Matching is a technique in digital signal processing for finding small parts of a signal Match which match a template The idea of template matching is to create a model of a signal of interest the template or kernel and then to search over the recorded data for objects that match the template One common use of this function is to sort extracellularly recorded action potentials by amplitude and width Template Match Dialog Choose a Region of the waveform bo create a template Create Template From data between cursors Tolerance Variable High Threshold Limits lack curve points Low Threshold Limits Freehand Move using w 3 i point
76. alls a dialog box with controls that program LabScribe2 s cursors to find data that matches user defined criteria in the Main or Analysis Windows Find Next Finds the next data point in the file which meets the criteria set in the Find box 21 2 The Menus Auto Find Automatically finds each successive data point in the file that meets the criteria set in the Find dialog box Calculated values from the Table Functions selected in the Analysis window can be automatically added to the Journal for each matching data point Refer to the Find Functions section beginning on page 96 of Chapter 7 Analysis for a complete discussion of all the Find Functions Lock Cursor Separation Locks the cursors at a fixed separation distance Refer to Locking Cursor Separation on page 7 in the Cursors section of Chapter 1 The Display for a complete discussion Edit Block Opens a dialog box that offers a number of options to edit the current file Warning These edits are permanent and cannot be undone Edit Block The options in the Edit Block dialog are Choose the operation you would like to perform Edit Block Name Allows the user to name or change the Edit Block Name name of the data block Delete All Data in Block Peete Tari Euo e Delete options All the data in the block the data in the block Delete From Second Cursor crop data between Cursors before Cursor 1 or the data in the block after Cursor 2 can Delete data between Cursors
77. alog LYP mmHg 8 Advanced Analysis 103 There are three tabbed panels used in setting up the dialog Channels Settings and Results On the Channels panel Channels Settings Results e Select the pressure and the volume channels Optionally an ECG channel can also be chosen Pressure Channel LVP ka volume Channel PV Loops Channels dialog Define the region of interest by adjusting the two cursors in the channel display area at the top of the PV Loops Calculations Dialog Once the Pressure and Volume channels are designated the PV Loops will be displayed in the XY graph area for all the cycles in the selection The highlighted cycle in the Cycles Selected window is shown in red while all other selected cycles are displayed in green This makes it easy to identify individual cycles for inclusion or exclusion from the analysis Cycles can be deselected or selected by clicking on the check box to the left of the cycle number The UP and DOWN arrows on the computer keyboard can be used to move quickly through the individual cycles On the tabbed Settings dialog e Check whether you wish to use an ECG recording for the detection of end C Use ECG for detecting ED diastole ED ESPVR Fit type e Choose whether a linear or an Tau Fit upto mmHg above EDP exponential fit should be applied to the End Systolic Pressure Volume ES Algorithm Offset Calculated ES point by jo Relationship ES
78. alysis can be found in the PV Loops section of Chapter 8 Advanced Analysis Modules which begins on page 100 Occasionally there is a known delay betwen two sensors and it makes sense to synchronize them For example there may be a latency between the O and COs sensors and the air volume channel in metabolic recordings The ability to time shift individual channels allows the user to compensate for these latencies Time Shift Channel Dialog The Channel Data can be time shifted to the right positive or the left negative q A Time Shift Channel Dialog Using Channel To add a computed channel that is shifted to the right by a distance determined by the user TimeShifting Event Marker e Choose the channel you wish to shift and click on add function in the Channel Bar e The Time Shift Channel Dialog will open e Enter the desired time shift in milliseconds Negative values will shift the channel to the left and positive values will shift it to the right The up and down arrows to the right of the edit box change the time shift by a millisecond with each mouse Click The Worx 4 channel Event Marker allows event markers of four different amplitudes to be placed on one raw data channel The Event Marker function separates these markers and puts one two three or all four on individual data channels A Count function can be added as a computed channel for each of the individual event marker channels TemplateMatch
79. ampling Speed to 10000 samples sec and the Display Time to 5 sec e De select the Raw Ch 1 4 by removing any checks in the checkboxes on the left e Select the Stim1 channel check its checkbox and set it to Record the stimulator 2 Go to the Stimulator page of the Preferences Dialog and select Train from the Mode box in the upper left corner of the page 3 Enter the following values into the appropriate boxes on the Stimulator page e Delay 100msec an arbitrary value e Amplitude 1V e Number of Pulses 10 10 pulses at 100 Hz 0 1 sec e Pulse Width 5ms e Pulse Frequency 100 Hz D2 Constant Voltage Mode Step Mode Building e Number of Trains 5 e InterTrain Duration 900ms These settings will create a protocol that delivers a train of pulses every second Each train will have 10 pulses with a frequency of 100 Hz All pulses will have an amplitude of 1V and a Pulse Width of 5msec Since a train occurs every second and is 100msec long the time between trains the InterTrain Duration needs to be 900msec 4 Click the Record button The D A Converter will wait 100 milliseconds the Delay value entered and begin to deliver ten 5ms pulses in a tenth of second Each pulse will be 1V high After 900 milliseconds a second burst of ten pulses with the same parameters will occur These bursts will appear in this manner until a total of 5 bursts have occurred 5 If you only wanted the train or burst to repeat four times the
80. an be configured to start recording when the Worx hardware detects a voltage pulse 3V to 5V amplitude through the BNC connector of the Trigger input Many devices have Trigger or TTL outputs that are capable of starting the LabScribe2 recording software These devices include stimulators relays pumps valves and cameras An experiment may demand that data recording begin when the data meet certain criteria For example it may be necessary to record an animal s body temperature only if body temperature exceeds 100 F LabScribe2 can be programmed to begin recording when the data on the temperature channel exceeds 100 F Recording is triggered when data values enter the window between two threshold values 36 Pretriggering Stopping User Timed Pausing Display Preview Mode 3 Acquisition To set triggering thresholds a e Open the Preferences Dialog from the Edit menu in Windows or Channeli the LabScribe2 menu on the Macintosh value e Click on the tab for the Channel page Pretrigger msec Pull down the Start menu and select the channel that contains the data to be used as a trigger Options for Triggering from a data channel with Pretriggering enabled e Set the values that the data must meet before recording is triggered In this example LabScribe2 is programmed to look for a trigger from the data on Channel 1 when the amplitude of the data is above 1 5V and below 2V When an external trigger or a tr
81. annel Menu for the data channel as described below Channel Menu Clicking the Channel Menu arrow at the left of the data channel opens the Channel Menu It in the FFT View contains the following commands mad Ge pees E e Add Ch Data to Journal Adds the channel title and Table Functions data to the Journal Add Title to Journal e Add Title to Journal Adds the Table Functions titles to the W Invert Journal Ba e Invert Inverts the channel data Color Scale e Copy Graph Copies the channel graph to the clipboard This can be then pasted into the Journal or an external application The Data Channel Menu e Color Allows the user to choose the color of the trace for the channel e Scale The items in the Scale submenu have the same functions as in the Channel menus of the Main Window Refer to the discussion starting on page 30 in Chapter 3 Acquisition for details The functions available by clicking add function in the data Channel Bar are the same functions available in the Analysis Window The FFT Plot Clicking the arrow to the left of add function in the FFT Plot window opens the FFT Plot Menu window menu with the following menu items e Add All Data to Journal Adds the data from the FFT Plot Table Functions data boxes to the Journal e Add Title to Journal Adds the Table Functions titles to the Journal e Copy graph Copies the FFT plot to the clipboard It can then be pasted into the Journal or an external appl
82. as a Scripting function Scripts can be written in any language or they can be any program already installed on your computer The Scripting Setup Dialog allows the user to manage the export of data being displayed on the screen and to perform an operation on that data LabScribe2 can be set up to provide easy access to these scripts in the Scripting Setup Dialog The Scripting Setup Dialog is launched by choosing Manage Scripts in the Advanced menu Scripting Setup Dialog new i Menu Text i how you want this to appear in the Scripting menu scripts Export Displayed Data to File scriptl Export value at every E S data points scripts Se Program to Run C Program Files Microsoft Office office ESCE Additional Parameters to be passed to the Program The Scripting Setup Dialog Choosing the Manage Scripts menu option launches the Scripting Setup Dialog Using the Scripting Setup Dialog you can create various scripting shortcuts that will then be available from the list of shortcuts in the Scripting Setup Dialog Selecting the script from the menu and clicking OK will launch the associated script To set up a new scripting shortcut e Click the New button Give the shortcut an appropriate name e You can export every Nth datapoint or the Mean or Maximum of every N datapoints e Give the exported datafile a name and choose the kind of file you want to export We have chosen to export an Excel file in thi
83. as detected the correct points of interest e Export to Journal Choose the values to be exported to the Journal for each cycle In addition to the online functions several additional parameters can be calculated and sent to the Journal These are Maximum Power maxPwr Preload adjusted Maximum Power pIPwr Arterial Elastance Ea and three derivations of Tau the isovolumic relaxation time constant Weiss Glantz and Mirsky Offline Offline LabScribe2 can calculate virtually every PV Loop derived parameter of cardiac function Calculations XY graphs displaying relationships among the parameters can also be displayed All calcula tions can be exported or copied to Excel or other spreadsheets for further analysis The graphs can all be copied as images to include in presentations or manuscripts To perform Offline Calculations e Choose Offline Calculations from the PV Loops submenu to open the PV Loop Calculations Dialog The panels of this dialog can be resized by moving the mouse cursor over the boundaries until a double headed arrow appears and dragging the boundaries to resize the panels PVLoop Calculations meee zi WAAN 3 UE PAAANAA WOUCUE Channels Settings Results Cycles ee i Selected Selection Start 2010 04 11 00 00 03 133 T Selection Duration 1 582 sec vii ESPYR 2 Equation P 6 210203 6 158051 ia R Value 0 969 v4 SSE 70 815 v s5 Intercept vO 0 992 Jle ESPYR slope 6 21
84. ated durations indicated in the Settings page of the Offline Calculations dialog A Offline small animal chamber can be used instead Calculations fo use Mixing Chamber Offline Calculations e Follow the procedure for Breath by Breath Offline Calculations 8 Advanced Analysis 126 AutoMark Peaks The regular occurrence of peaks is a common feature of many types of data files The AutoMark Peaks Advanced function can locate and analyze the peaks in a LabScribe2 recording Peak Analysis AutoMark Dialog General Setup Place Marks At Export to Journal C Maximum Amplitude Max Amplitude a Min Amplitude Minimum Amplitude Max Min Amplitude Stark From Document Stark Mid Amplitude Low Width Stop At v Mid Width Channel Pulse ka Top Width Latency Rise Time Starting Mark Index o Selection Setup Start From Mark begining with Stop At Mark begining with Peak Analysis Setup Peak Type Positive gt A Use first 0 seconds as zero ia Measure Pulse width at 50 of max amplitude Upper Threshald 75 96 of max amplitude Lower Threshold 25 2 s oF max amplitude The Peak Analysis Automark Dialog Peak Analysis The Peak Analysis AutoMark Dialog can be opened by selecting AutoMark Peaks from the AutoMarks Advanced menu The options for configuring the dialog follow General Setup e Channel Channel with peaks data e Start From Location in the data file to start the analysis The start of the docum
85. ates lower than 200 samples per second While fast events require fast sampling speeds when slow events are recorded at fast sampling speeds more information is collected than is needed to accurately display the signal At sampling speeds of 100 samples per second or less the LabScribe2 program operates on the extra data using a technique similar to the oversampling employed by CD players to reduce noise The amount of oversampling that occurs is determined by the sample speed that you set The end result is that small signals recorded at slow speed will appear less noisy than small signals recorded at high speed The built in amplifiers and filters in Worx A D Converters should be adequate for most applica tions In cases where additional or custom signal conditioning is required outboard devices can be used to condition the signal before it is presented to the Worx hardware Worx makes a full range of amplifiers for this purpose but any amplifier with an analog output can be used This allows other amplifiers like those from Thornton or Grass or special purpose devices like those made by Warner Instruments Axon Instruments or World Precision Instruments to be used with iWorx data acquisition units Outputs from these and other devices can be connected to the unamplified BNC inputs on the front panel of Worx data acquisition systems Outputs of external devices can also be connected to the DIN 8 inputs with an adapter cable avail
86. ation CD from the drive then connect and turn on your Worx hardware Installation To install using a downloaded installer from our User Area Download e Go the User Area on the iworx com website Click on the Software link and select the proper installer for From User the Windows or Macintosh operating system on your computer After downloading the LabScribe2 Area software installer double click on the downloaded file It is a self extracting archive which will automati cally launch the installer after it extracts e In Windows follow the prompts to complete installation Restart your computer once installation is complete e In Macintosh OSX copy the files to your Applications folder e Once you have completed the installation process connect and turn on your Worx hardware 1Worx com User Area The User Area at iWorx com contains a wealth of resources including software files experi ments archived newsletters hardware documentation and a complete online catalog of our research and teaching products You will need to register and choose a password to access the User Area Simply click Register on the User Area home page for complete registration infor mation By registering with us at iworx com you will be notified of updates and new releases and you will be able to access the free software upgrades you are entitled to for as long as you use LabScribe2 Worx Systems recommends using Firefox as your Web browser when accessin
87. be a ruler for voltage then its resolution its number of gradations is determined by a parameter called bit depth In an 8 bit word or a byte there are 256 28 different possibilities for the value of the byte A 9 bit word has twice that many possibilities 512 a 10 bit word has four times as many 1024 and so on In a 16 bit A D Converter there are 65 536 different possibilities while a system using a 24 bit A D Converter provides 16 777 216 possibilities The Digital Resolution of the A D Converter is its voltage input range divided by the number of possible A D Converter steps This is the minumum amplitude measurement possible with the A D Converter 35 Starting Recording User Timed External Trigger Triggered from Channel 3 Acquisition If the input range of a 16 bit A D Converter is 10V dividing by 65 536 gives a minimum measurement of152uV Individual Worx data acquisition units are capable of different Digital Resolutions It is not possible to make a measurement with more precision than the Digital Resolution unless the bit depth is increased or the input range is narrowed Changing the bit depth requires a different A D Converter to be placed in the unit However the input range can be narrowed easily by applying amplification gain to the signal before the signal is presented to the A D Converter If a X1000 gain is applied to the incoming signal by an amplifier the minimum resolution of a 16 bit
88. be named To name an output state click once to select the state then click again to edit the name Type the new name of the state in the text box that appears To place a Mark on the record when the digital state is fired double click the checkbox next to the label so that a checkmark appears For example in the figure below Application 3 has been labeled as Turn Pump On and has been set to place a Mark in the record when it is fired Preferences Dialop Mir Current Sequence Pump Operation v States Current Output Sequence Name State Mark Add State to Sequence 4 Application A i ii Remove State From Sequence a OR Channel Stimulator Views Sequences Options Events LJa pplication1 exe Application 1 _ Application exe Application 2 No wait 7 i min x oof Turn Pump On Application 3 Yes 7 e open valve 1 Application 4 Mo 0 For continous L C Application5 exe Application 5 No Open sty at Application exe Application 6 Mo Wait 1 sec Turn Pump On Bell L_ Applications exe Application 8 Mo Start Recording ait 7 min Close Valve 1 application O exe Application 10 Mo Turn Pump OFF ie Turn Pump OFF Application 11 Yes Buzzer ait z min close valve 1 Application 12 Mo Stop Recording M a I kh d m 1m DoubleClick the checkbox to change the Mark _ Application exe Application 7 No LJa pplications exe Application 9 No Sequences Page of
89. ble XY graphs can be computed to see how one parameter changes as a function of another A gas analyzer is required to use the Metabolic module The Metabolic module is licensed separately Contact iWorx Systems for licensing information The Metabolic functions can be accessed by Breath by Breath Online Calculations selecting Metabolic from the Advanced menu Breath by Breath Offline Calculations opening the Metabolic sub menu Mixing Chamber Offline Calculations The Metabolic submenu The Metabolic sub menu options are e Breath by Breath Online Calculations Calculations of several Metabolic parameters are made in real time based on the O COs and Air Flow raw data channels e Breath by Breath Offline Calculations Once recording has been completed the O COs and air flow raw data channels are used to calculate many metabolic parameters These calculated values can be displayed in a table and XY plots can be created to see how one parameter changes as a function of another e Mixing Chamber Offline Calculations Samples from a mixing chamber can be taken periodically to examine samples of expired air averaged over specified durations These raw data values are used to calculate metabolic parameters These parameters can be displayed graphically and graphs can be created looking at how one parameter changes as a function of a second By selecting Breath by Breath Online Calculations from the Metabolic submenu the Metabolic
90. ble to organize the Voltmeter display 1414 in the Views page of the Preferences Dialog as discussed on page 11 earlier in this chapter Pulse Volt 2 0 021 Volt 0 021 Heart Rate bpm 76 923 The Voltmeter and Voltmeter Options menu Online XY Other Display Windows 1 The Display In Online XY mode the Y values from one channel in the Main Window are plotted in real time against the Y values from another Main Window channel The resulting XY plot is dramatically different from a linear plot of data against time Select the OnlineXY function from the View menu to display this plot Select the Y axis and the X axis channel from the drop down menu at the bottom of the plot window The Main Window display time also applies to the online XY plot For a complete discussion of XY plots refer to XY Plot on page 89 in the Redisplayed Data section of Chapter 7 Analysis 2 49122 0 71504 1 06113 120 51308 110 99321 101 47333 91 95345 82 43358 Graph of Pulse ka Ms Blood Pressure Online XY Plot data Data recording occurs only in the Main Window However once recording is complete other windows can receive selected data from the Main Window for closer examination or display in another format like an XY plot ora FFT analysis There are several viewing options available in these other windows that are not available in the Main Window The actual discussion of analytical functio
91. calculations to be displayed in the dialog data table can be chosen from the list of all possible calcula tions The Data Table displays the chosen calculated values for each group of cycles Offline Calculations Options Dialog e Clicking the asterisk at the upper left of the Data Table displays the autosize option Clicking autosize will optimize the size of the Data Table boxes e Clicking OK in the Offline Calculations Options Dialog saves the settings for future ECG analyses e Clicking Algorithms opens an information window describing the mathematical equations used to compute a number of the offline parameters Data Table parameter options 8 Advanced Analysis 120 The Offline Calculations averaged over the cycles in the group unless indicated otherwise include Time R The time at the peak of the first R wave in the group Heart Rate 60 period of each cycle averaged over the cycles in the group R R Interval Average of the R R intervals peak to peak of the cycles in the group Delta RR Change of the current R R interval from the R R interval of the preceding group PR Averaged time from the beginning of the P wave to the peak of the R wave QRS Averaged time from the beginning of the Q wave to the end of the S wave QT Averaged time from the beginning of the Q wave to the end of the T wave QTc Averaged corrected QT Interval QTc QT Interval Square root of preceding R R interval QR Time from the begi
92. cally after a predetermined time in seconds that has been entered into the text box It is sometimes desirable to pause the scrolling display of data while at the same time continuing to record data In LabScribe2 this is accomplished by clicking the Pause Display button in the lower right hand corner of the Main Window It is possible to preview or monitor data acquisition without saving the data to disk This is accomplished by clicking on the Preview Record icon in the lower left hand corner of the Main Window When LabScribe2 is operating in Preview mode a red X covers the icon and the 37 acquisition screen is dimmed Clicking the icon again will allow the recorded data to be saved It is important to remember to disable Preview when you want to save the data to disk No data acquired in Preview mode can be saved Scope Mode When to Use the Scope Mode Acquiring Data in the Scope Mode Set Up the Software 3 Acquisition The first devices used to record data were electromechanical These devices used a stylus or very fine pen that was moved by a sensitive motor The frequency response of these machines was very low the fastest events that they could record were on the order of tenths of a second The need to record faster events was solved by the introduction of the oscilloscope An oscillo scope is able to take a fast brief snapshot of an event but continuous chart like recording is sacrificed To effectiv
93. can also be controlled using the commands in the Scale submenu 30 Set Scale Preferred Scale Units E The range of the amplitude scale can be set manually by Set Scale entering the lower and upper levels in the Set Scale dialog Prereren SCA The possible range will be limited by the iWorx data acqui T I o nl ae sition unit in use 5V or 10V AuboScale zoom uk The Scale submenu For any data there is a range within which the Y values of the signal are most likely to occur For example if measuring room temperature the user might select a range of 50 F to 100 F because it is unlikely that room temperature will be colder or warmer than these limits e To set the range of the Preferred Scale choose the Set Scale option from the Scale submenu and enter the upper and lower limits of Y scale in the Set Scale dialog window that appears The range will be limited by the hardware in use 5V or 10V e To display the Preferred Scale you have specified select the Preferred Scale option from the Scale submenu e If an event outside the Preferred Scale occurs during the recording the area of interest can be expanded using the Zoom or AutoScale tools To return to the Preferred Scale select the Preferred Scale option from the Scale submenu Scroll Up Down When the Zoom tools are used the data may drift above or below the center of the display area or even move out of the display range To adjust the position of the t
94. can be chosen by clicking on the desired sweeps in the Sweep Selection Bar at the bottom of the Analysis Window To choose multiple sweeps click on each sweep while pressing CONTROL on the computer keyboard COMMAND on the Macintosh Multiple sweeps will be displayed Superimposed on one another Clicking a second time on any sweep will remove it from the display e As in the Main Window individual sweeps can be titled or re titled or deleted by right clicking on that sweep in the Sweep Selection Bar and opening the drop down menu e Data can be calculated from only one sweep at a time The primary sweep on which the functions operate is selected in the drop down box to the left of the Table Functions Title Bar The primary sweep cannot be deselected from the Sweep Selection Bar e Functions are added in the same manner as in the Chart mode Analysis Window e Individual sweeps can be organized into groups by using the Sweep Manager The Sweep Manager is available from the Sweep menu arrow to the left of the Sweep Selection Bar To create a group click on the Create New Group button and the Edit Group Name dialog will appear Enter a name for the new group and click OK The group is now listed in the group tree To add a sweep to a group select a sweep from the available sweeps list and drag it to the group or click the Add button To remove a sweep from a group select the sweep and click the Remove button ain Sweep Manager Ed Availab
95. can be entered into this panel Clicking the arrow to the lower left of the XY graph window will open a menu with options for the XY graph The options are Copy Graph e Copy graph Copies the current XY graph to the clipboard It can then View P Loops be pasted into the Journal or an external application wenn e View PV Loops Displays the PV Loops from the checked cycles in the View Max dp vs EDY XY graph window View PYA vs EDY e View PRSW Displays the preload recruitable stroke work PRSW line as defined in the Settings By default PRSW is calculated by plotting View Ett vs Time SW on the y axis and EDV on the x axis Vmax can be used as an View Markers alternative to EDV if desired Export Ete vs Time data View PYA vs ESP nee e View Max dp vs EDV Displays the XY graph of maximum dP dt Max eee dP vs End diastolic volume EDV Set Y axis Scale e View PVA vs EDV Displays the XY graph of the pressure volume area PVA vs end diastolic volume EDV GuboScale axis GuboScale Y axis XY graph window menu e View PVA vs ESP Displays the XY graph of the pressure volume area PVA vs end systolic pressure ESP e View E t vs Time Displays time varying elastance E t vs Time 8 Advanced Analysis 105 e View Markers Displays a graph of time x axis vs pressure and volume y axis with markers positoned at ED Max dP ES and Min dP The specific cycle displayed is determined by the position of
96. ched by selecting Preferences from the Edit menu in Windows or from the LabScribe2 menu on the Macintosh Using controls described in this chapter output protocols can be built that deliver current to the stimulating electrodes The Stimulator Preferences page sets up the parameters and protocols of the stimulator output It also sets the parameters of the Stimulator Control Panel which opens directly beneath the Toolbar in the Main Window when the Stimulator icon in the Toolbar is clicked The Stimulator Control Panel can also be opened by selecting Stimulator in the View menu The Stimulator Control Panel allows the user to change many of the Stimulator output param eters directly from the Main Window during recording Pean Some of the settings in the Stimulator Preferences are Channel Stimulator views Segue common to all stimulator output protocols e iWorx Systems manufactures A D Converters with different D A Converter configurations In units with single or multiple D A OFF a Converters each D A Converter can be controlled independently ER l The Stimulator selection drop down box set in this example to Start Stimulator with Recording Stim1 allows selection of the Stimulator to be configured For devices with multiple stimulators an Import Settings button not shown here allows the user to copy settings from one stimulator to Toolbar Steps another Stir 1 4 Time Resolution 0 01 msec Frequency
97. cles and displayed in the data boxes as data are recorded 8 Advanced Analysis 123 Using Breath Once breath by breath data have been recorded Metabolic parameters over designated by Breath durations can be displayed in a table and graphs can be created showing one parameter as a Offline function of a second Calculations To use Breath by Breath Offline Calculations e Open a Metabolic recording with COs Os and calibrated air flow data e Open Breath by Breath Offline Calculations from the Metabolic sub menu opening the Metabolic Calculations Dialog Metabolic Calculations Dialog Segments gt Selected Name v 2 Protocol Y3 v4 v5 Co Channels Settings Results lt a Gh fe ee ee gf Average sec Height cm W Weight kg Insp O2 Insp COZ Calculate Done Updating Graph ooo 1 i i 1 7 1 i 1 i 1 1 1 y 0 00 msec 15 000 sec 30 000 sec 45 000 sec 60 000 sec 1 15 00C Time sec A Time Abs 02 L Abs CO2 L Rel 02 ml kg min Rel C02 ml kg min RER REE METS Fe02Min FeCO2Max T RR I E L min Watts HR Mark fres 6 9600 38 1108 2 4179 0 4764 0 0302 0 0634 212 2 0 1361 20 5444 0 0626 1 4 gt 120 0 2 10 7182 0 0000 0 0000 Yes 23 0300 87 4550 64 2926 1 0932 0 8037 0 7352 590 Ce 0 3123 20 3712 0 3676 1 27 120 0 lt 17 2696 0 0000 0 0000 Beginr Yes 52 9350 525 8547 404 5930 6 5732 5 0574 0 7694 3579 1 8781
98. conductance Volume channel PVLoop Volume Simple Calibration e In the dialog that opens select PV Loops and then Vol V 1 a pL G G Baan s Equation from the submenu opening the Baan s p resistivity of solution Rho Equation version of the PV Loop Volume Simple L distance between sensing electrodes Calibration dialog G measured conductance Gp parallel conductance e Enter the Alpha slope correction factor the resistivity of the a SV correction factor Alpha blood Rho and the inter electrode distance Length e Click on Calculate Parallel Conductance from Channel Data opening the PVLoop Volume Calibration Dialog Parallel Conductance CO 5 e Choose the Pressure and conductance Volume channel uMho PVLoop Volume Calibration dialog Baan s Equation e Using the cursors in the Pressure and Volume trace window at the top of the dialog select the region corresponding to the saline bolus injection e In the EDV vs ESV XY graph the line created by the shifting conductance values caused by the saline bolus will cross the identity line at the parallel conductance The equation of the data line its goodness of fit and the Parallel Conductance are displayed below the XY graph window Click OK e The parallel conductance will now be displayed in the PVLoop Volume Simple Calibration dialog Click OK and a corrected volume channel is added to the recording 109 Blood Pressure Online Blood Pressure
99. contents can be copied and pasted into other applications ain Exercise IWX214 None LabScribe File Edit view Tools Settings Advanced Help Sita mah SZ WEEE ofat e gt Mean _ add function 1 OCON Send data to Journal w il At Rest Heart Rate 68 529 Y ECG O 335H2 2 C AutoScale add function v2 0 018 Vi 0 a 0 5 0 2 0 1 0 4 Light Exercise Heart Rate 76 506 O Heat Rate 78 15 Y ECG 0 3 35H42 GC AutoScale Caddfunction V2 vi 0 010 srs ae 0 8 0 5 0 2 01 0 4 ia 3138 099 34 025 3 45 149 aiii lt gt Analysis Window with Journal including both text and graphics The Journal is not visible in LabScribe2 s default View Clicking on the Journal icon in the Toolbar or selecting Journal in the View menu opens the Journal on the right side of the Main Analysis XY Tools and FFT Windows The Journal toolbar runs across the top of the Journal area of the screen 10 The Journal and Data Export 135 The Journal Toolbar Adding Text Images and Data to the Journal BYE D B u zA The Journal toolbar m Iili il Thal The Journal toolbar functions are Copy Copies selected text and images from the Journal to the clipboard i Cut Cuts selected text and images from the Journal and copies it to the clipboard A Paste Pastes the clipboard contents into the Journal Ehi Redo After an Undo this command restores the
100. culations e Choose Offline Calculations from the Blood Pressure submenu opening the Blood Pressure Calcu lations Dialog The panels of this dialog can all be resized by moving the mouse cursor over the bound aries until a double headed arrow appears and dragging the boundaries to resize the panels e Select the Pressure channel The region of interest is defined by the data between the two cursors in the channel display window Tau Fit Allows the user to adjust the uppermost point that should be used to create the best fit line from which Tau the time constant of blood pressure decrease during diastole is computed e Percent Recovery Allows the user to determine at what time point in the cycle a specified Percent Recovery occurs This value is displayed in the data table e Relaxation Time Allows the user to determine at what time point in the cycle a specified percentage of Relaxation Time occurs This value is displayed in the data table e dPdt A dPdt B Allows the user to determine the derivative at up to two different specified blood pressures The XY graph plots blood pressure as a function of its derivative the rate of change in blood pressure Clicking on the arrow in the lower left corner of the XY graph pane opens a menu that offers options for scaling both the x axis and y axis as well as an option to copy the graph to the clipboard The menu items are e Copy graph Copies the current XY graph to the clipboard It
101. d 100Hz frequency 4 Click the Record button The D A Converter will wait 100 milliseconds the Delay value entered and begin to deliver 5ms pulses at the rate of 100 pulses per second Each pulse will be 1V high These Pulse parameters can be adjusted in any way with one exception the Pulse Width cannot be longer than the inverse of the frequency or the period In this example the Pulse Width cannot be longer than the period of 10ms or the pulse will overlap the next pulse The percentage of the period occupied by the Pulse Width is known as the duty cycle 5 Next use the same settings with one exception to produce a short burst of pulses Set the Number of Pulses to a number other than zero If the number 10 is entered in this box the output from the D A Converter would wait for 100 milliseconds after the Record signal deliver pulses of the same amplitude and duration as before but stop when 10 pulses have been delivered A graphical representation of the two examples above is pictured below Continuous top and burst bottom of pulses that are the same amplitude width and frequency 51 Train Mode Building Output Protocols in Train Mode 5 The Stimulator A burst of pulses is more properly called a Train Trains contain a specified Number of Pulses which occur a specified number of times Num Trains at regular intervals InterTrain Duration The Train mode is an extension of the Pulse mode so it is essential to be famil
102. d by the Frequency Resolution 6 Computed Channels 75 Cardiac Using the Cardiac Functions Power The Cardiac functions are specifically used for EE the analysis of electrocardiograms ECGs Four EEG gt gt Lead a R of the Cardiac functions calculate Leads III ra iat dol ee aVR aVL and aVF from the recordings of Lead igitalInput F Lead a F CrossTimeChannelCalculation Angle and Lead II You can specify which channel TemplateMatch HRV Low Power corresponds to Lead I and Lead II in the Cardiac PYLoop HRY High Power Setup dialog TimeShift Channel HRY Total Power Event Marker ORS detector Sonomicrometry The Cardiac submenu LabScribe2 can be programmed to do these calculations because all the points of view in a 6 lead ECG are in the same plane frontal of the body and each lead can be considered as a vector So if any two of the limb leads are recorded the other four leads can be calculated from them The Cardiac submenu also includes other functions The cardiac Angle function calculates the vector of the cardiac depolarization that passes through the interventricular septum and can indicate abnormalities in electrical conduction or the actual anatomical orientation of the heart Three Power functions which are special cases of the general Power function described previ ously are also available These three power functions are useful for heart rate variability HRV analysis HRV Low Power 0 04 0 15 Hz
103. d menu will open the AutoMark ECG Dialog A AutoMark ECG Dialog General Setup Data Channel ECG w Document Start y Document End v Starting mark index 0 Maximum rate bpm 100 Stark From mark Stop at mark Place Marks 4t Beginning of P wave Pb Peak of F wave Pp Ending of P wave Pe Beginning of 9 wave Ob Ig wave Q F wave R S wave 5 Ending of 5 wave Se Beginning of T wave Tb Export to Journal R R Interval Delta R R PR Interval P Duration QRS Duration OT Interval OTc Interval ST Segment T Duration T F Duration Peak of T wave Tp Ending of T wave Te T Q rapapa S 2 The AutoMark ECG Dialog set up to locate the R waves and the peaks of the P and T waves Configuring the To configure the AutoMark ECG Dialog AutoMark ECG Dial e Choose AutoMark ECG from the Advanced menu opening the AutoMark ECG Dialog talog e In the AutoMark ECG Dialog select the ECG raw data channel you wish to analyze e Choose the Marks where you want the analysis to Start and Stop The Document Start and End are other options e In the AutoMark ECG Dialog move the Threshold lines on the graph so that they pass through all the R waves above the R wave minimum and below the R wave maximum Clicking Preview indicates where the R wave Marks will be set e In the Starting Mark index box enter a number which corresponds to the starting cycle
104. d the minimum and maximum heart rates are set at 50 and 180 values less than and greater than heart rates are likely to be even during exercise any sections of the recording registering higher or lower than these values will be ignored and this section of the recording won t display the artificially high heart rate PERIODIC FUNCTIONS SETUP EXERCISE 1 To see Threshold Tolerance and Artifact Removal in use record some pulse data following the procedure in the pulse monitor Tutorial exercise Flex your fingers vigorously for four or five seconds at some point in the recording Stop the recording and Autoscale the data in a section of the record that doesn t include the finger flexing 2 Apply the Rate function to the pulse channel by clicking on add function in the Pulse Channel Bar and choosing Periodic from the Function menu Choose Rate from the Periodic submenu to open the Periodic functions setup dialog 3 The Rate function must be able to ignore the second small wave associated with each larger pulse wave otherwise it will report a rate that is twice what it should be Look at the sample of data in the dialog window and adjust the Threshold and Tolerance such that the Threshold and Tolerance lines clear the smaller waves Do not enable Artifact Removal and click OK 4 Enter Single Cursor Mode and move the cursor to various regions of the recording and read the rate in the Value Display area of the Rate Channel Bar The rates
105. ding and incremental voltages set through Preferences the voltage will change in a step wise manner until the ending voltage is reached The overall length of the protocol is determined by the Step Width and the time between steps the Time Off VOLTAGE STEP MODE STIMULATOR EXERCISE 1 To construct and record an example of pulses in Step mode select Preferences from the Edit menu On the Channel page of the Preferences Dialog e Set the sampling Speed to 10000 samples sec and the Display Time to 2 sec e De select the Raw Ch 1 4 by removing any checks in the checkboxes on the left e Select the Stim1 channel check its checkbox and set it to Record the stimulator 2 Go to the Stimulator page of the Preferences dialog window and select Step from the Mode box in the upper left corner of the page 3 Enter the following values into the appropriate boxes on the Stimulator page e Delay 0 e Starting Amplitude 1V e Ending Amplitude 1V e Number of Steps 8 e Step Width 100ms e Time Off 0 e Repeat Count 1 e Interprotocol duration 0 e Holding Potential 0 4 These settings will create a waveform that starts at 1V and climbs to 1V in eight Steps Each Step has a voltage increment of 0 25V and is 100ms wide 5 The Stimulator 54 5 The Stimulator 5 Press the Record button The resulting wave would be similar to the step wise elevation of output amplitude seen in the figure below 0 379 0 048 0 474 An exam
106. directly beneath the Toolbar The Stimulator Control Panel is hidden in the default display Voltmeter Hides or displays the Voltmeter pane on the right side of the Main Window In the default configuration the Voltmeter displays in large type and in digital voltmeter fashion the amplitude values at the cursor or the difference between the cursor values in Two Cursor Mode from all channels The Voltmeter display configuration can be changed through the Options drop down menu in the Voltmeter panel itself or from the Views page of the Prefer ences Dialog OnlineXY Displays a realtime XY plot on the right side of the Main Window The two channels to be plotted can be selected with the drop down menus at the bottom of the plot Main Window Brings the Main Window to the foreground This function is also available from the Toolbar Analysis Brings the Analysis Window to the foreground This function is also available from the Toolbar XY View Opens the XY View This function is also available from the Toolbar FFT Spectrum Opens the FFT Window This function is also available from the Toolbar Journal Opens the Journal on the right side of the Main Analysis XY and FFT Windows This function is also available from the Toolbar e GF A a 20 Tools 2 The Menus Marks Opens a submenu with controls that open the Marks Dialog add the mark in the Marks text box to the recording and reset the marks on the current screen t
107. e Table Functions data boxes in each Channel Bar in the position vertically beneath the function title While the chosen function will be calculated for all data channels it may be more meaningful and relevant on some channels than others e Additional functions can be added in the same way If there are more function boxes than space on the screen the function boxes can be scrolled through using the scroll bar on the left end of the Table Functions Title Bar e The precision of the calculations performed is adjustable using the Data Display Precision value in the Options page of the Preferences Dialog Tiled or By default the channels selected for display are presented in Tiled Stacked sited mode Each channel is displayed in its own area as they are shown in Display IAA He the Main window By clicking the Tile Stack icon in the lower left hand corner of the Analysis window each channel s waveforms are overlaid on the same set of axes Stacked Tiled Stacked icon Scope Mode in Scope mode you can view either a single sweep or multiple sweeps at the same time Data Analysis functions can only be calculated on one sweep at a time Window Options 7 290 sec 7 630 sec 5 030 sec 4 Vis gt o 0 34 osy 0 64 o7 Day 1 0 Sweep Selection bar in Sweep mode with multiple sweeps selected 7 Analysis 87 7 Analysis To view and calculate mathematical functions on Scope data e The displayed sweeps
108. e EEG bands or a Power function Repeat for other bands you would like displayed 7 Gain The Gain Telegraph function is slightly different from the Telegraph Suh Talsai bilo other functions Some amplifiers have an additional Manufacturer Warmer output that sends a calibration signal to the data recording unit This calibration signal relays information about the gain settings of the external amplifier This information permits the recording program to re calibrate Gain Telegraph Channel the amplifier output in the correct units regardless of the gain set on the amplifier The Gain Telegraph Dialog Amplifier PC501 j signal Channel Raw Ch 1 Using the Gain To configure the Gain Telegraph function Telegraph ee e Connect the analog output of the supported amplifier to any input channel For this example assume this unction is Channel 1 Next connect the gain telegraph output of the amplifier to any input channel For this example assume this is Channel 2 e To apply the Gain Telegraph function to a channel click on the add function button in the Channel Bar and select Gain Telegraph from the function list Select the manufacturer of your amplifier then select the amplifier you are using Select the Signal Channel that the output from your amplifier is connected to Channel 1 in this case then select the Gain Telegraph Channel Channel 2 in this case and click OK Digital Input Some iWorx data acquis
109. e amplitude can be set as the location at which peak width is measured e Upper and Lower Thresholds Upper and lower detection thresholds can be set in the edit boxes The calculated peak functions that can be exported to the Journal e Max Maximum amplitude e Min Minimum amplitude e Max Min Maximum amplitude Minimum amplitude e Mid Amp Amplitude at the midpoint of the middle threshold e Low Width Width of the peak as measures at the lower threshold e Mid Width Width of the peak as measures at the middle threshold e Top Width Width of the peak as measures at the upper threshold e Latency Time from when the peak leaves the baseline to the peak e Rise Time Time for the signal to travel from the lower threshold to the upper threshold Fall Time Time for the signal to travel from the upper threshold to the lower threshold e Leading Slope Average slope of the signal as it travels from the lower threshold to the upper threshold e Trailing Slope Average slope of the signal as it travels from the upper threshold to the lower threshold e Max Slope Maximum slope e Min Slope Minimum slope e T at Max Slope Time at maximum slope e T at Min Slope Time at minimum slope 8 Advanced Analysis 128 Normalization Normalization is a separately licensed module designed specifically to calibrate small vessel size for the use of wire myographs in vessel contractility experiments In order to make comparisons between d
110. e creation of Pressure Volume Loops Using the Selecting the Sonomicrometry function opens a submenu with two choices Sonomicrometry Volume Opens a dialog in which three sonometric axes can be specified Volume changes Functions based on changes in these sonometric axes are computed and displayed in a new computed channel Remove Outliers Data values outside the range of possible axis measurements based on the known distances between the crystals are removed 6 Computed Channels 81 Chapter 7 Analysis Overview Built into LabScribe2 is a powerful array of data analysis tools The variety of tools available span the range from the most frequently used straightforward operations to much more complex specialized routines LabScribe2 is a powerful analytical tool that can get to work on analysis immediately or be customized to execute very specific complex analysis routines Analysis in LabScribe2 is accomplished in several different ways Waveform manipulations are discussed in Chapter 6 Computed Channels In this chapter the Analysis Window is intro duced In the Analysis Window regions of data are characterized by mathematical calculations resulting in descriptive quantitative values Ways to redisplay the data such as an XY View or a graphical FFT analysis are discussed as are LabScribe2 s sophisticated Find functions Finally Scripting options that incorporate other applications into the analysis of recorded data are out
111. e drop down menu of the Simple Units Conversion dialog e Below that menu is an area where the values for the positions of the cursors are listed The values on the 2 point calibration left are the voltage values at the positions of Cursors Aco et redta 1 and 2 Enter the corresponding values in real units into the two value boxes on the right Simple Units Conversion Apply units to all blacks vale at Cursor 1 2 15 gt l100 e In the Name area enter the name of the unit to be displayed on the Y axis If a unit name is not entered Value at Cursor 2 363 T 0 volts will be used as the default name Unit Name O2 e The units are always applied to the selected data block s To apply the units to all blocks select the Apply units to all blocks checkbox To apply units to new data which will be recorded select the Apply units to new data checkbox The Units Conversion dialog window showing the 2 point calibration configuration e Click OK to exit the dialog For some recordings it may be more accurate to use the mean of a small range of data to set the calibration values The Advanced Units Conversion Dialog makes this possible To use the Advanced Units Conversion Dialog to make a 2 point calibration Advanced Units Conversion Dialog 4ooly units to the next recorded block 4ooly units to all blocks Mean Value between left 2 cursors 0 037 as jo Mean Value between right 2 cursors 1 64991
112. e input limit of the A D Converter and the signal goes out of range If a gain of X10 is used on an amplifier with a total range of 10V the effective input range of the A D Converter drops to 1V 10V range X10 gain Any input signal larger than 1V will be out of range If a gain of X100 is applied to the input signal the effective input range of the A D Converter is restricted to 0 1V 31 Bioamplifiers DIN 8 Inputs Offset Filters 3 Acquisition The bioamplifier channels of the Worx A D converters apply gain to the input signals coming through them The gain and filter modes of channels equipped with a bioamplifier are selected from the Mode Function menu on the Channels page of the Preferences dialog window accessed from the Edit menu in Windows or from the LabScribe2 menu on the Macintosh or the Mode Function button drop down menu in the Channel Bar of the raw data channels with a bioamplifier input The LabScribe2 settings files set the appropriate mode for each experiment that uses channels equipped with bioamplifiers The DIN 8 inputs on Worx A D Converters can apply up to X1000 gain This is accomplished through the placement of a gain programming resistor within the DIN 8 connector of the trans ducer or cable that can be plugged into the DIN 8 inputs of the Worx units Gain programming resistors are already present in Worx transducers Gain programming resistors can be installed on non iWorx transducers by rewirin
113. e printed It is important that you display the LabScribe2 windows exactly as you want them to appear on the printed page before issuing a Print command Exporting Data Data can be exported from LabScribe2 as either data values or pictures from any window To export data select Export from the File menu and choose the file s format location and name in the dialog window File name ExportedD ata hal Save Save as type MatLab mat v HH atl abl mat DADISP dat Excell xls Text txt Export file format options 10 The Journal and Data Export 138 Exporting The active display can be exported as a JPEG jpeg format or a Portable Network Graphics Images ong image Portable Network Graphics is a high resolution format for images Only the raw data and computed channels will be included in the image If the Journal is open it will not be part of the image Exporting The numerical data points that make up the recorded data can be exported in Matlab mat Numerical format DADiSP dat format Text txt format or Excel xls format Data If data are exported from the Main Window the complete data file is exported If data are exported from the Analysis Window then only the data displayed in the visible window are exported Choosing any of these Export formats will open an Export Parameters dialog in which the user can choose whether to export every data point
114. e set instead at the next example of the type of data you were looking for each time the Find command was called the cursors would move individually and two R points would be located at each Find command allowing the distance between Rs to be determined as well The locations that the cursors can be programmed to move to include e Old Cursor 1 and Old Cursor 2 The positions from which the Cursors will be moving with each Find Next command e New Cursor 1 The position to which Cursor 1 moves with each Find Next command e Block Start and Block End The cursors can be instructed to move to the start or the end of the current block of data e Mark The cursors can be instructed to move to a specifed mark e Next Max or Previous Max The cursors can be instructed to move to the Next Maximum value or the Previous Maximum value These Max points will be over the threshold set in the sample data e Next Min or Previous Min The cursors can be instructed to move to the Next or Previous Minimum values as determined by the Threshold position e Next or Previous Positive or Negative Threshold Instructs the cursors to move to the Next or Previous Threshold line the data cross in either a positive or negative direction The calculations to be performed on the selected data points or on the data between the points are chosen from the Table Functions list before the Find dialog window is opened FIND EXERCISE As an example the Find func
115. e user to choose and display calculations of blood pressure parameters based on the raw data in a Blood Pressure channel By placing the cursors in the data sample to the edges of one heart beat cycle as in the demonstration trace in the top part of the dialog a number of blood pressure parameters will be calculated automatically for that cycle of data Clicking the Save button will add the data from that cycle and open up a new blank data row The process can be repeated for other beat cycles in the recording Clicking Add to Journal will add the data table to the Journal Blood Pressure Calculations Parameters Place the two cursors as shown in the above diagram to Export Min Pressure Time at min Notch Pressure Time at Notch Max dPidT Time at Max dP dT Min dPidT Time at Min dF dT Mean Pressure Contractility Index Systolic Duration Cycle Duration 103 720 00 00 05 690 50 000 00 00 05 760 110 034 ation Index gt Add To Journal Blood Pressure Calculations e Peak Analysis Opens a dialog that allows the user to choose and display calculations of peak param eters based on the raw data in a channel with peak data By placing the cursors in the data sample to the edges of one peak as in the demonstration trace in the top part of the dialog a number of peak param eters will be calculated automatically for that peak Clicking the Save button will add the data from that peak and open up a new blank data row The process ca
116. ecording has begun striking the appropriate function key or ALT plus a number enters the associated preset mark into the Marks text box Clicking the Mark button or pressing ENTER or RETURN on the keyboard will attach the mark to the record Marks Dialog Marks Preset Marks Preset Mark Text Stark moderate exercise Stop moderate exercise Start intense exercise Stop intense exercise Preset Marks options in the Marks Dialog Making Marks Off Line Editing Marks Navigating By Marks 1 The Display Marking events as they happen is a necessity for events that are time critical like drug deliv eries or experimental interventions Information about the experiment that is important but not time critical can be marked on the recording after the recording is completed An example of the type of comment that could be added later would be a change in room temperature To add this information to the record after recording is completed e Click on the Single Cursor Mode icon in the Toolbar e Position the cursor on the record where the mark is to be positioned e Type the text a maximum of 50 characters associated with the new mark in the Marks text box Click the Mark button or press the keyboard s ENTER or RETURN key and the mark and its text comment are inserted at the current position of the cursor e You can also add a mark to the record by selecting Add Mark from the Marks sub menu of the View menu
117. een of data When the program opens the default Display Time is set to 10 seconds Settings files for specific lab exercises may set a different Display Time Display Time can be changed by the user by using the display controls in the Toolbar or by manually entering a Display Time on the Channel page of the Preferences Dialog which is launched by selecting Preferences in the Edit menu in Windows or in the LabScribe2 menu on the Macintosh Using the Toolbar icons to control Display Time e Clicking the Half Display Time icon icon with the big mountain in the Toolbar halves the screen time If you clicked this icon once a 10 second full screen display would become a 5 second full screen display This doubles the screen resolution but cuts the amount of data seen on the screen in half Using the Half Display Time tool expands the record as many times as requested until there are only 10 data points on a screen of data By the time this happens the data will usually appear to flatline and events on this scale will not be recognizable The Half Display Time command can also be accessed through the View menu s Display submenu Half Display Time Zoom Between Cursors Double Display Time Display Time icons in the Main Window Toolbar e Clicking the Double Display Time icon icon with the two smaller mountain peaks in the Toolbar doubles the screen time In this case a 10 second full screen display would become 20 seconds wide Thi
118. eeps 5 Delay Between Sweeps 4 000 sec Delay Between Sweeps 4 000 bec Number of Sweeps 4 A r The Scope recording mode setup controls When the Record button is clicked in Repetitive mode each new sweep overwrites the previous sweep While digital oscilloscopes can save a number of sweeps analog oscilloscopes work in this way When the Stop button is clicked only the last trace is saved When the Record button is clicked in Multiple Sweep mode LabScribe2 will acquire and save a predetermined number of sweeps The number of sweeps in a series can be set in the Number of Sweeps box on the Channel page of the Preferences Dialog The beginning of each recorded sweep is determined by the Start mode conditions A Delay Between Sweeps can also be programmed in the Multiple Sweep mode If zero is selected as the Delay Between Sweeps the next sweep in the series is taken as soon as the software is ready After recording individual sweeps can be selected and viewed by clicking on the corresponding sweep number in the Sweep Selection Bar at the bottom of the screen The RIGHT and LEFT arrow keys on the computer keyboard can be used to cycle through the sweeps on the Sweep Selection Bar Right clicking on a sweep number opens a drop down menu allowing that sweep to be titled or deleted lt gt gt Ta Ta Ts 1 asss Delete i Title Sweep Selection Bar and drop down menu When the Record
119. el just below the Toolbar again you will see the added values in the Display Time menu Displaw Time 4 000 sec tar e Choosing any of the preset display times will set the display time to the 1 000000 chosen value 2 000000 10 000000 100 000000 200 000000 Manage Display Time presets menu The vertical display of the recorded signal is managed in a number of ways In addition to the Toolbar icons there is a Scale submenu available from the Channel Menu accessed by clicking on the arrow on the left side of the Channel Bar or right clicking anywhere in the data channel Right clicking on the values in the Y Axis on the left hand side of each channel will also display the Scale submenu Zoom In AutoScale and Zoom Out can be controlled using the Toolbar icons or by using the commands in the Scale submenu The other options in the Scale submenu are Set Scale and Preferred Scale The Zoom In AutoScale and Zoom Out icons in each Channel Bar control the vertical display in that channel Gutoscale e Clicking the Zoom In button will double the displayed amplitude of the trace The Zoom Tools e AutoScale locates the highest and lowest data points in the channel It then adjusts the Y scale range to include those points optimizing the amplitude of the channel s data e Clicking the Zoom Out icon will reduce the displayed amplitude of the trace by a factor of two e Zoom In AutoScale and Zoom Out
120. ely use Scope mode in LabScribe2 the length of the snapshot display time and the sampling rate need to be set to visualize the event with accuracy Events that are best captured using Scope mode are brief and repetitive Action potentials and other neurophysiological events are good examples of signals that are best recorded in Scope mode In addition to being able to capture a very brief event in time a proper trigger is needed to begin the recording of the event at the moment it takes place If the snapshot occurs too soon or too late it may not show the event of interest The acquisition of data at the right moment requires a proper trigger In Scope mode either of the previously discussed triggering methods external Trigger or Trigger from Channel can be used to start the sweep Scope mode can be enabled from the Channel page in the Preferences Dialog which is accessible in the Edit menu in Windows and the LabScribe2 menu on the Macintosh Data acquired in Scope mode can be viewed in either Chart or Scope format Switching between formats is done by changing the acquisition mode in the Channel Page of the Prefer ences Dialog When viewing Scope data in Chart format each sweep is treated as a block of data When viewed in Chart mode sweeps are laid end to end in the order that they were acquired divided by block separation lines Data can be continuously scrolled Data recorded in Chart mode can be viewed in Scope format Each dat
121. ens a submenu allowing the user to access the Normal ization functions used to calibrate vessel size for the use of wire myographs Normalization is a separately licensed software routine Normalization is discussed in more detail beginning on page 129 in Chapter 8 Advanced Analysis Routines Refer to the appropriate sections of the manual for descriptions of the Channel Menu in the Analysis Window page 83 the XY View page 89 and the FFT Window page 92 The Channel Title is displayed to the right of the Channel Menu arrow The title can be changed with the Title option in the Channel Menu The Mode Function position displays which input and hardware filters are being used on a raw data channel Clicking on Mode Function will allow you to change these options Ona computed function channel Mode Function displays the computed function Clicking on Mode Function in a computed channel will display the list of available computed functions allowing the user to change the computed function of that channel Refer to Chapter 6 Computed Channels for a more complete discussion Zoom In Autoscale and Zoom Out set the vertical scale and are described more fully beginning on page 30 of the Managing Amplitude Display section in Chapter 3 Acquisition Clicking add function adds a computed channel to the display The functions are discussed in Chapter 6 Computed Channels The Value Display Area located to the extreme right on the Channel Bar
122. ent or an existing mark can be used to set the start location e Stop At Location in the data file to end the analysis The end of the document or an existing mark can be used to set the stop location Starting Mark Index Marks placed in the record have a number which corresponds to the cycle number The default cycle number starts at zero but the starting cycle number can be changed here e When the data channel is selected it will appear in the graph Set the threshold using the two horizontal cursors such that the positive threshold crossing from below the lower threshold to above the upper threshold can be used to determine the cycle Place Marks At e Choose the points of interest the program should mark in the record This can be used to verify that the program has detected the correct points of interest Export to Journal e Choose the calculated values you want exported to the journal for each peak 8 Advanced Analysis 127 Selection Setup e The start and the stop of the selection is set in this drop down menu To define a time location one can choose a mark identified by its starting text the block start or positive or negative crossing of the data A time offset can be added to this location if desired Peak Analysis Setup e Peak type The software will look for positive or negative peaks e Use first N seconds as zero Used to set the offset or the baseline e Measure Pulse width at A percentage of th
123. er 1052 The Normalization Dialog 8 Advanced Analysis 130 Chapter 9 Digital Input and Output Overview Some Worx data acquisition units are equipped with Digital Input and Output connectors A dedicated Trigger input allows external devices with a TTL output to trigger LabScribe2 recording when the device turns on or off Other Digital Input connectors allow external TTL devices to be monitored for changes and have the changes indicated on the LabScribe2 recording Worx units with Digital Output connectors can send information to external devices with a TTL input instructing the devices to turn on or off based on programmed criteria This information takes the form of an Output Sequence which is programmed to include the instruc tions as part of a LabScribe2 operational sequence Digital Input i The Digital Input function may have to be DigitalInput d Raw added to the list of computed functions available through the add function command Frequency a a od by adding it to the active function list on the PENE Options page of the Preferences Dialog Time On Once added to the list it can be accessed on Time OFF the Channel page of the Preferences Dutycycle Dialog or through the add function Count command in the Channel Bar of each en channel in the Main Window The Digital Input menu For instructions on using the add function command in either of these locations refer to page 62 in Chapter 6 Computed Functions Unl
124. er second uses only 500 data points Since LabScribe2 can accommodate up to 1 000 000 points per screen while recording there is substantial room available for longer individual Sweeps or a faster sampling rate Saving Your Data 3 Acquisition Every software manual has a section on the importance of backup and saving LabScribe2 is no different SAVE YOUR DATA Consider that the data acquisition process imposes unique demands on the task of saving data A word processor or spreadsheet document can be saved anytime that the user thinks about it Most applications can also save data automatically at regular intervals and in the background In a data acquisition application data are constantly being added sometimes at remarkably high rates 200 000 data points second at top speed To save data the recording would have to be stopped In most recording applications this is impractical Whenever it s practical to do so when recording is stopped the user should instruct LabScribe2 to save the current data to disk As a safeguard LabScribe2 buffers the unsaved raw data to a file on the hard disk In the event of an unexpected loss of power or computer crash the data are preserved When the LabScribe2 software is reopened after such an event LabScribe2 will ask the user if they want to recover the data If the answer is yes the backup file is recovered and data are preserved To permanently save the data a new file should be created by us
125. etween the cyclic minimum and maximum data values LabScribe2 uses the positive threshold crossing from below the bottom cursor to above the top cursor to determine the cycle e In order to compensate for variation from cycle to cycle it is possible for LabScribe2 to average a user selected number of sequential cycles This number should be entered in the Cycles to Average text box e Click OK The dialog will close and the selected calculations will be displayed in the data boxes of the Blood Pressure toolbar as data are recorded 8 Advanced Analysis 111 Blood The AutoMark Blood Pressure Characteristic Points Dialog can be opened by selecting Pressure AutoMark from the Blood Pressure sub menu in the Advanced menu Automarks AutoMark Blood Pressure Characteristic Points Dialog Place Marks At Export to Journal LVEDP f Left Ventricular End Diastolic Pressure Heart Rate ry LYEDP pressure Stark From Document Stark Systolic Pressure Time at LYEDP Max Pressure Stop At Document End Dichrotic Motch Time at Max Starting Mark Index 0 Channel Blood Pressure l i Min Pressure Diastolic Pressure Time at min l Max dpidt Motch Pressure Min dp dt Time at Min dP dT Mean Pressure Contractility Index Systolic Duration Use Derivative bo determine the Cycles A a ja a L i E i SSASSN RO e ee ee ee ON ATI ATARI The Automark Blood Pressure Characteristic Points Dialog set up for the display
126. ew The Analysis Window Analysis Window Components Channel Menus in the Analysis Window The Functions General Derivative Integral Adding Functions to the Analysis Window Tiled or Stacked Display Scope Mode Analysis Window Options Copy Export and Print Analysis Window Data Redisplayed Data The XY View XY View Components Selecting the Displayed Channels Channel Menus in the XY View The XY Graph Window Menu XY Graph Table Functions Marker Data Copy Export and Print XY View Window FFT FFT Window Components Configuring the FFT View Channel Menu in the FFT View The FFT Plot Menu FFT Table Functions Theoretical Considerations Copy Export and Print FFT Windows Find Functions Find Dialog Window FIND EXERCISE Auto Find Dialog Window AUTO FIND EXERCISE Other Analysis Tools Managing Scripts Chapter 8 Advanced Analysis Overview AutoMarks Calculations PV Loops Online Calculations PVLoop Automarks Offline Calculations Calibration of Conductance Volume Data Blood Pressure Online Blood Pressure Calculations 82 82 82 83 86 86 86 87 87 87 87 89 89 89 89 90 90 91 91 92 92 92 93 93 94 94 94 95 95 96 96 97 98 98 99 99 100 100 100 100 100 102 103 107 110 110 Blood Pressure Automarks Offline Blood Pressure Calculations ECG Analysis Automark Configuring the AutoMark ECG Dialog Offline Calculations Metabolic Using Breath by Breath Online Calculations Using Breath by Breath Offl
127. f data viewed in graph Se ase Borers es end as re ere Artifact Removal Enable Artifact Removal 0 lt alid Rateibpmi g 0 The Periodic Setup Dialog window Whether a relative or absolute Threshold criterion has been set a second Periodic control known as Tolerance or hysteresis is also set in the Periodic setup dialog window Tolerance is used to reduce false triggering due to noise in the signal By default the tolerance is set to 3 If the threshold is set at 60 then the signal has to cross from below 58 5 60 3 2 to above 61 5 60 3 2 for a Threshold crossing to be detected The maximum value between two Threshold crossings is taken to be the peak and adjacent peaks are used to calculate the periodic functions 6 Computed Channels 63 Using the Periodic Functions LabScribe2 makes it possible to remove the effects of artifacts from the cyclic data By enabling Artifact Removal and entering the minimum possible rate and the maximum possible rate for the type of data being recorded into the two edit boxes the software will ignore areas of the trace where artifacts of some sort create artificially high or low rates For example if ECG data are being taken with wrist electrodes there may be places in the trace where the subject moved their fingers and the movement artifact temporarily overwhelms the ECG data creating an artifi cially high heart rate to be recorded If Artifact Removal is enabled an
128. for a complete discussion of Sequences Channel Stimulator views Sequences Options Events Current Event event New Channel Pulse v Enable Events Disable Events gt a event eventi Type Positive Edge events event4 Threshold High Value 0 900062 Threshold Low Value 0 67504 Enabled Priority 50 Sequence start pump For channel events 1 Data on one channel is monitored 2 you have to set a threshold high and a threshold Jow value 3 You can select one of the Following triggering options a Positive Edge Triggered The data value has to go From below the threshold low value to above the threshold_high value b Negative Edge Triggered The data value has to go From above the threshold high value to below the threshold low value Controls for Events programming There are two types of events Channel Events and Timed Events Channel Events In the detection of Channel Events one channel is monitored for Events that meet designated criteria To set up LabScribe2 s detection of an Event e In the Channel box choose the channel to be monitored e Choose the Type of Event detection e No Triggering The detection of the Event will not trigger the initiation of a sequence e Positive Edge Triggered The data have to pass from below the Low Threshold to above the High Threshold in order to be detected as an Event e Negative Edge Trigger
129. fset 32 P Pause display 37 Peak Analysis Calculations 85 Peaks advanced analysis 127 Automarks 127 Periodic functions 63 Positioning trace 31 Preferences Dialog Channel page 41 Events page 44 Options page 43 Sequences Page 43 Stimulator page 42 Views page 42 Preview mode 37 Printing 138 PV Loops Computed channel functions 80 PV Loops advanced analysis 100 Automarks 102 Conductance volume 107 Offline calculations 103 Online calculations 100 S Sampling speed choosing Chart mode 34 choosing Scope mode 40 Saving data 40 Saving files 138 Scope Mode Analysis Window options 87 Scope mode acquiring data 38 acquisition modes 39 when to use 38 Scripting 99 Settings files calling a file 26 creating 46 Settings group loading 26 Settings Groups creating 46 Settings menu 23 Signal Averaging 33 Smoothing 73 Sonomicrometry 81 Spirometry 68 Calculations 84 Stimulator Constant Voltage protocol 53 Pulse protocols 49 Ramp protocol 56 Settings 48 Step protocol 53 Train protocol 52 Triangle protocol 56 Stimulator Control Panel 57 Consatnt voltage mode 58 Pulse mode 57 Ramp mode 58 Step mode 58 Train mode 57 Triangle mode 59 Stimulator output sequences 59 Sweep Selection Bar 39 T Technical support 1x Termplate Matching 79 Tiled or Stacked Display 87 Time Shift Channel 80 Toolbar
130. g the connector Consult the hardware documentation for the pin configurations and diagrams of the DIN 8 connectors used with Worx A D Converters Offset is sometimes referred to as positioning Some recorders amplifiers and transducers have a knob that positions the baseline of the recording on the screen The positioning control permits the the signal to be centered in the data window making measurements more conve nient and lowering the baseline to accommodate the display of a signal that has more gain applied to it The availability of the AutoScale feature in the LabScribe2 software reduces the need for a positioning knob In fact the very low noise of the Worx A D Converters makes positioning controls unnecessary for many transducers as signals are automatically centered and expanded to fill the recording screen when the AutoScale button is clicked Positioning of the waveform may be also be accomplished by clicking on the waveform and dragging it to the desired position within the channel Some transducers still require a positioning control in order to position the trace within the data channel and these Worx transducers come equipped with an offset control Filters can be set to remove certain frequencies from signals The goal of filtering is to remove noise from the recording while passing those frequencies that make up the signal of interest There are two basic types of electronic filters Low Pass and High Pass When used in
131. g the iworx com website Comments and Suggestions iWorx Systems understands that user feedback is critical to the improvement of any software If you have ideas suggestions or criticisms please contact us at either research iworx com Research products or teaching iworx com Teaching products Introduction Vill Technical Support If you cannot find an answer in this User s Guide please check the list of FAQ s Frequently Asked Questions on our website If you still cannot find a solution to your problem technical Support is available to all registered users at no charge via phone or email When requesting technical support please follow the steps listed below e Write down your question or problem and the actions you took that created the problem e Be prepared to duplicate the problem e Note any error messages e Save a data file that can be emailed to an Worx Technical Support representative e Note your computer model and operating system version e Note the amount of RAM Random Access Memory in your computer e Note your LabScribe2 Software version number Following these steps will enable the Worx support staff to address your issues quickly and efficiently Contacting Us For Sales For Technical Support Introduction iWorx Systems Inc One Washington Street Suite 404 Dover NH 03820 USA 800 234 1757 North America 603 742 2492 outside North America FAX 603 742 2455 Email sales
132. gement system such as Blackboard Users can attach their helper files to their own or pre existing settings files Although Worx Systems has chosen to attach pdf documents to its setting files any file html Microsoft Word Open Office etc can be linked to a settings file To associate helper files with any settings file e Place your helper files in the same location as the settings file and give the helper file the same name as the settings file but with the appropriate extension For example to associate a pdf an html and a jpg file with the Tutorial iwxset settings file copy the pdf the html and the jpg file to the same folder as the Tutorial iwxset settings file Name the pdf file Tutorial pdf the html file Tutorial html and the jog file Tutorial jog Now when the Tutorial settings file is chosen in LabScribe2 the Tutorial pdf the Tutorial html and the Tutorial jpg files will be opened as well 4 Creating Your Own Preferences and Settings 47 Chapter 5 The Stimulator Overview Basic Stimulator Settings 5 The Stimulator Some iWorx data acquisition units contain Stimulators capable of sending controlled current to the stimulating electrodes used in experiments involving excitable tissues like nerves and muscles They do this through the use of internal Digital to Analog Converters D A Converters The Stimulator page in the Preferences Dialog box controls the stimulator functions It can be rea
133. ges in the Preferences Dialog Refer to the first part of this chapter for more detailed instructions e Each experiment can be assigned an aim and a difficulty level through the Document Properties command in the File menu e Click on the File menu and choose Save As A Save File dialog will appear In the Save as type drop down box at the bottom of the dialog choose Settings iwxset Using the file browser choose a location on your computer where you want to save the settings file We recommend that you create a My Settings folder in a location that you have write permissions to such as the My Documents folder in Windows or the Documents folder in your home directory on the Macintosh e Name the file and click Save Creating a To create a new settings group i e Choose the Manage Settings command from the Settings menu This will launch the Settings i Ings Manager The Available settings pane lists the settings files available for addition to a settings roup group The Current Setting Group lists the settings files in the curently loaded settings group Settings Manager Available settings Current Setting Group Save Current Settings 4dd Folder to Library Add Category Remove Folder From Library l Tutorial Name O O O o Difficul B Animal Fluid Balance EF Settings A Osmoregulation L52 H EAdditional Labs E Animal Muscle H Animal Merve W Cellular Metabolism General Biology Ecolog E Human Circ
134. grals The functions in the Integral category are e Area The Area function uses the line between V1 and V2 as the zero baseline and then calculates the integral The Area function gives more control over which segments of a waveform are included in the integral e Abs Area The absolute value of each data point is used to calculate the area as described above Areas that would have been subtracted in the Area function are instead added in the calculation of the Absolute Area Int For the Integral calculation zero volts is used as the zero reference for the Integral Values above zero add to the Integral and values below the zero line subtract from the Integral Abs Int The Absolute Integral is very much like the Integral except that the program takes the absolute value of the raw data before performing the Integral operation Adding To add a function to the data in the Analysis Window Functions to the Analysis Window e Click AutoScale in each of the Main Window Channel Bars e Positon the two cursors in the Main Window on either side of the section of data you wish to analyze e Click the Analysis Window icon in the Toolbar The Analysis Window will now be displayed e Click the add function button in the Table Functions Title Bar just beneath the Toolbar e Select a function from one of the three function categories e That function will be applied to the data between the two cursors on all channels and be displayed in th
135. h channel to better identify the parameter being recorded titles can also be edited in the individual Channel Menus of the Main Window e Mode Function For raw data channels clicking the Mode Function button displays the input choices These vary depending on the specific Worx data acquisition unit The filters applied to hardware channels with bioamplifiers can be selected or the BNC or DIN8 input can be selected On computed channels clicking the Mode Function button will display a list of the functions that can be applied to that channel instead of the one currently applied Despite changing the function it will still be computed from the same channel as the previous choice unless configured otherwise Refer to Chapter 5 Computed Channels for a discussion of the functions available and how to configure them e Y Max Y Min Sets the maximum and minimum Y axis values These values can also be set in the Scale sub menu of the Channel menu or by right clicking on the Y axis It is important to remember that each iWorx data acquisition unit is capable of recording a certain range of amplitude values and not to set Y Max and Y Min outside these values e add function Adds a computed function to a channel Add function opens an additional channel that will display the function computed from the data in the chosen channel The add function control can also be found on the individual Channel Bars Refer to Chapter 6 Computed Channels for a disc
136. h each cycle of the signal and displays the calculation graphically in a new data channel The Periodic Choosing any of the Periodic functions opens the Periodic data setup dialog To make Periodic Setup Dialog calculations on each cycle the software must have a way of defining a cycle of data and the cyclic criteria are defined in this dialog As data are collected online or processed offline LabScribe2 begins the calculation by determining the maximum Max and minimum Min values in a given screen of data The program then finds the points on the recording where the trace repeatedly moves across a Threshold in a positive direction The control for the Threshold level is set in the Periodic setup dialog The Threshold level can be set at X of the maximum value in any given screen of data or at an absolute value By default the Threshold is set to 60 which is adequate for almost all biological signals The Threshold value can be changed by entering a different number in its box or by adjusting the horizontal threshold line in the dialog s data graph LabScribe2 can now define the time between these points as a Period If the recorded data are very stable it is possible instead to enter an absolute Threshold value Get Periodic Timing Data From Channel ECG Use percentage of Max and Min Scaling Tolerance Threshold Use absolute values Threshold 60 jan Fercentage of data viewed in graph ah 7 Tolerance 3 Percentage o
137. he Channel page of the Preferences Dialog accessed from the Edit menu in Windows or the LabScribe2 menu on the Macintosh The speeds displayed in the Speed menu are rates per second per channel The maximum available sampling speed will vary depending on how many raw data channels are open Sampling speed menu SAMPLING SPEED EXERCISE 1 Using the Tutorial exercise as a guide prepare to record some pulse transducer data 2 Open the Channel page in the Preferences Dialog and set the sampling speed to 1 000 samples per second and the Display Time to 10 seconds Record 10 seconds of data 3 Next set the sampling speed to 500 samples second and record an additional 10 seconds of data 4 Repeat this procedure for sampling speeds of 200 100 50 20 and 10 samples second 5 Display a section of each recording block in the Main Window Closely examine the recorded data as displayed in the Main Window Notice that the signal becomes progressively more coarse as the sampling rates go down until eventually the signal is unrecognizable When making a measurement of length with a ruler the accuracy of the measurement is deter mined by how many gradations are printed on the ruler Clearly a ruler with gradations every eighth of an inch allows more precise measurements than a ruler with a gradation every inch The more lines or gradations there are per unit of measure the more accurate the ruler If the A D Converter is considered to
138. he Main Window Main Window displays are inear or in series meaning that Y value parameters are recorded with respect to time Data recorded in a linear manner can be redisplayed in a format that is different than the standard Y T plot LabScribe2 supports XY and FFT plots A host of measurements can be made from each type of redisplayed data window In an XY plot the Y values from one channel in the Main Window are plotted against the Y values from another Main Window channel The resulting XY plot is dramatically different from a linear plot of data against time The XY View can be chosen by clicking on the XY View icon in the Toolbar or choosing XY View in the View menu lt gt Valet d i dt VYalue1 _ add function y Axis pulse 0 26308 2 17600 0 26308 2 01796 0 727198 1 61425 37 50336 1 61425 Comp chi 18 51026 33 18653 18 51026 Comp Che vw 1035 74 30 00 msec 1 270 sec 2 420 sec 3 610 sec 4 610 sec si gt 42 04527 0 657465 76 09562 2 06572 80 2 7006 1 06356 0 34726 0 36905 1 08535 1 50166 Graph of Comp Ch 1 Volbfs ws Pulse volti The XY View 89 Selecting the Displayed Channels Channel Menus in the XY View 7 Analysis Three data channels are displayed in the top panel of the XY View The raw data channels that are plotted in the XY Graph are chosen here as well as which of the channels will be the X axis and which will be t
139. he Preferences Dialog window Ts Channel Stimulator views Sequences Options Events Stimi Import Settings a Pulse w Delay 0 0002 I E Fl Bipolar Delay Amplitude E Volks Start Stimulator with Recording Amplitude a valts Time Resolution 0 04 msec w Number of Pulses El Toolbar Steps Pulse Width 0 4 ge msec A Frequency E Time OFF 0 4 msec W Amplitude g lo Time OFF Amplitude 0 volts Volks fh Ge ee we oe we oe ay 4 4 Time sec ER Holding Potential 0 Status Ok 1 055 0 05 The Stimulator Preferences panel of the Preferences Dialog configured to set up Pulse protocols Building By setting the Mode drop down menu to Pulse the relevant parameters for Pulse protocols are displayed Output Protocols in the dialog In order to understand how the protocols are created it is necessary to define the in Pule Mode terms used on the Stimulator page of the Preferences Dialog e Delay This is the time between the clicking of the Record button to start recording and the first current pulse This Delay is adjustable and the maximum Delay varies with individual Worx data acquisition units e Amplitude This is the height or voltage of the Pulse or wave being generated The Amplitude programmed from the Preferences window will be the same for all Pulses leaving the stimulus output unless the Amplitude is changed manually from the Preferences window or the Stimulator Co
140. he Y axis The XY Graph is displayed on the XY Graph tabbed page in the lower pane of the XY View By selecting the Marker Data tab a table of information about the individual markers opens Markers are described below There is an add function button for the raw data channels and one for the XY Graph These open lists of functions appropriate to the two types of plots To plot an XY Graph e Select the X axis channel from the drop down box in the upper trace e Select the Y axis channel from the drop down box in the second plot e If desired a Marker channel can be selected in the third window The Marker channel is used to mark specific points of interest in the XY Graph When a Marker channel is used data from the XY Graph is extracted at the specified points of interest and displayed as triangular markers on the XY Graph The Marker data points are determined by the placement of the threshold lines on the Marker Data channel Each time the data values pass across the threshold lines ina positive direction a marker is generated Marker Data can be viewed by selecting the Marker Data tab in the XY Graph window Once the channels are selected the XY Graph is displayed All the data visible on the active screen in the X and Y axis traces will be included in the XY Graph To more finely tune the region of data to be included in the XY Graph select Two Cursor Mode from the Toolbar and bracket the region of interest between the two cursors in the
141. he hardware and software provided in its teaching kits Worx provides a variety of experiments in electronic lab manuals To support these experiments Worx has created settings groups that contain links to settings files for each experiment in that group Once a settings group is loaded the settings files within the group can be called from a list in the Settings menu Calling a Settings File E Advanced Help Load Group Manage Settings Default Setting Tutorial Animal Fluid Balance Animal Muscle Animal Merve Cellular Metabolism general Biology Ecology Human Circulation Human Exercise Human Heart Human Kidney Human Muscle Human Merwe Human Psychophysiology Human Spirometr y The Settings menu T Fr F F0 F F F F F FLI FT F F ActionPotentials worm L52 Compound ctionPotential L5 Mechanoreceptors Lo MernibranePotentials Lo2 Neuromuscularstudies L52 To load a settings group and the settings files for the experiments e Select Load Group from the Settings menu This will open the LabScribe2 folder which contains the Settings folder From the Settings folder choose the settings group file Settings group files will be of type iwxgrp that you wish to load and click Open Generally you will want to load the Complete settings group e The settings files are organized into categories Once a settings group is loaded the experimental categories appear by name in the lower bracket
142. he typed text as a preset mark 1 The Display Mark gt I Marks 4dd to Mark Presets Delete From Mark Presets Reset Location of Displayed Marks Function ee Scale Systolic pressure Diastolic pressure The Mark button and drop down menu e The preset mark can be called by clicking on the arrow to the right of the Marks text box and choosing the desired preset mark This loads the Marks text box with the desired Mark text Clicking the Mark button or striking ENTER or RETURN will add the preset mark to the record d Function Start exercise Stop exercise The Preset Marks drop down menu e You can delete a preset mark by selecting a preset mark using the arrow to the right of the Marks text box and choosing the Delete from Mark Presets option in the drop down menu next to the Mark button Preset marks can also be entered directly into the Marks Dialog e Click on the Marks icon in the Toolbar to open the Marks Dialog The Marks Dialog can also be opened by choosing Marks in the Marks sub menu of the View menu e Select the Preset Marks tab Enter the comments to be associated with the preset marks into the text boxes The row sizes in the Marks Dialog can be adjusted by placing the computer cursor over a dividing line until it changes to a double headed arrow Click and drag the line to its desired location e Each preset mark is associated with a keyboard function key or ALT plus a number Once r
143. iar with the Pulse mode to use the Train mode p Channel Stimulator views Sequences Options Events Se Delay 0 1 l sec Train k Amplitude 5 2 volts Bipolar z Mumber of Pulses 5 oe Start Stimulator with Recording Pulse Width 10 msec w Time Resolution 0 01 msec Time OFF 10 A msec Toolbar Steps a ae Time OFF Amplitude 0 wols Frequency 1 Ta Mum Trains 4 laa Amplitude v 0 1 3 InterTrain Duration 100 msec Time sec 0 1 i Holding Potential 0 volts Status Ok EFS 2 000 0 275 The parameter boxes on the Stimulator Preferences page for Train mode In addition to the pulse parameters already described configuring a pulse train requires that the following parameters also be set Num Trains Number of Trains InterTrain Duration The length of time between successive Trains or bursts TRAIN PROTOCOL STIMULATOR EXERCISE In many applications more than one Train or burst of pulses must be delivered Before the parameters of the Trains or bursts are specified the dimensions of the pulses that will fill the bursts must be selected After the pulse is designed the frequency duration and number of trains can be programmed 1 To construct and record examples of the Train mode select Preferences from the Edit menu On the Channel page of the Preferences Dialog e Set the s
144. ication FFT Table The following functions are available in the FFT Plot window Functions General e Power1 Power at Cursor 1 e Power2 Power at Cursor 2 e Freqi Frequency at Cursor 1 e Freq2 Frequency at Cursor 2 e P2 P1 Difference in power between the values at the two cursors F2 F1 Difference in frequency between the values at the two cursors e Max power Maximum power between the cursors e Min power Minimum power between the cursors e Mean power Mean power between the cursors e MaxP MinP The Maximum power value minus the Minimum power value Freq at Max power Frequency at Maximum power between the cursors Freq at Min power Frequency at Minimum power between the cursors 7 Analysis 94 Theoretical Considerations Copy Export and Print FFT Windows 7 Analysis Mean Frequency Mean frequency of the values between the cursors Median Fequency Median frequency of the values bewtween the cursors Integral Power between Cursors Summed power data values between the cursors To ensure problem free operation of the FFT function certain premises need to be considered The mathematical underpinnings of digital sampling which makes the LabScribe2 software work begin with a foundation known as the Nyquist Sampling Theorem Harry Nyquist showed that the sampling rate must be at least twice the highest frequency in the sample to reconstruct the original signal and capture its fundamental freque
145. ied image into the Journal first Copy data from either the Main or Analysis windows Open the Journal and click the Paste icon in the Journal s toolbar Text and images from other sources can also be pasted into the Journal 10 The Journal and Data Export 137 Saving and Saving As Once recorded LabScribe2 can save data in its own binary format using the Save or Save As command found in the File menu Selecting Save As will open a dialog allowing the user to create a copy of the file with a new name LabScribe2 can save several types of documents e An iWorx data file iwxdata format e An iWorx Settings File iwxset format e A digital or analog Output Sequence iwxseq e The Journal as a web page html format or XML file xml format File name Exercise ECG a E Save as type Data file wxdatal Data file wedatal Sethingel meet Output Sequences weseg Journal as webpage html Save as file type options in the Save as dialog Printing The Print View command in the File menu will print the raw and computed data channels exactly as they appear on the current screen The Print Preview command previews the image to be printed The Print Journal command will preview the Journal pages as they will appear in print A Print command will appear over this preview which opens a dialog from which the user can choose the pages of the Journal to b
146. iews can also be copied renamed or deleted from the same menu It is also possible to create and edit a view from the Views Preferences Dialog This dialog can be accessed by clicking on the down arrow next to Default View in the Toolbar and choosing Edit View To use the Views Preferences Dialog to create and edit a view or edit an existing view e Click on New View or select an existing view from the drop down menu e Use the controls in the dialog to change the amount of time displayed add or remove the channels available in the view and change the vertical organization of the channels e Each view can display a Voltmeter see page 16 for information about the Voltmeter and you can choose which channels are displayed in the Voltmeter and their positions e Any of the views can be renamed e The Views Preferences Dialog can also be accessed by choosing Preferences in the Edit menu in Windows or in the LabScrbe2 menu on the Macintosh and clicking the Views tab Preferences Dialog Channel Stimulator Views Sequences Options Events Don t Modify Display Time l E Available Channels Channels in Chart Panel Channels in voltmeter Panel Line Add Channel Add Channel ECG Heart Rate Bet Lo OO O O ECG Heart Rate Pulse Heart Rate pie ii eo o The Views Preferences Dialog Note Any changes to the default view will also be made to the preference
147. ifference between the maximum and minimum values of the X Axis channel between the cursors e Length Length of the line segment in the XY Graph between the two cursors Derivative e dY1 dx Slope of the XY Graph at Cursor 1 e dY2 dx Slope of the XY Graph at Cursor 2 e Max dV dt Maximum slope of the XY Graph between the two cursors e Min dV dt Minimum slope of the XY Graph between the two cursors This can be a steep negative slope e Mean dV dt Mean slope of the XY Graph between the two cursors This is also the slope of the line of best fit for all the data points between the cursors 21 Marker Data Copy Export and Print XY View Window FFT 7 Analysis Integral Area All the integral and area functions are calculated as integrals e Area wrt Ymin The minimum value of the Y channel is taken as baseline and the area beneath all points between the two cursors is calculated with respect to this baseline Area wrt Zero Zero is taken as baseline and the area between all points and zero is calculated for the points between the cursors e Area wrt Y1 The value of the Y axis channel at Cursor 1 is taken as baseline and the area between all points and this value is calculated for the points between the cursors e Area Loop The area of the loop as defined by the position of two cursors is calculated By selecting the Marker Data tab next to the XY Graph tab in the XY Graph window a table displaying informat
148. ifferent vessels and experimental conditions an internal circumference that exerts a Target Pressure needs to be determined to make comparisons meaningful The relaxed vessel wall is stretched to a number of micrometer settings for a specific size myograph The vessel wall force in response to each stretch is recorded by using the Add Point command After a curve is generated from these forces the Calculate command is used to determine the internal circumference at a Target Pressure usually 13 3kPa The normalized internal circumference is usually determined to be 90 of this value The Normalization module is accessed by right clicking in the appropriate wire myograph channel display area Normalization will be at the bottom of the menu Units Scale I a a Normalization Add Point Calculate The Normalization submenu To use the Normalization module Normalization AddiRoint e Calibrate the myograph s to be used in the experiment Mean Force 2 244993 Micrometer Reading according to procedures outlined in the myograph documen 1075 tation e With the wires positioned and exerting no stretch click Record The Normalization Add Point dialog e If the wires have been properly calibrated the pressure should be zero Click Stop e In Two Cursor Mode position the cursors on either side of a representative section of the trace and select Add Point from the Normalization
149. igger from a data channel is programmed the data just before the trigger occurs may be important to record as well For example if the R wave is used to trigger the recording of an ECG the P wave and other parts of the ECG that occur before the R wave can be recorded The Pretrigger feature of the LabScribe2 software can be used to look back in time and display a small piece of data prior to the trigger To enable Pretriggering e In either Trigger or Channel 1 4 mode check the box next to Pretrigger in the Start area on the Channel page of the Preferences Dialog Enter the desired Pretrigger time in the Pretrigger text box Once recording begins the LabScribe2 programs offers two different ways to Stop ae halt the recording User or Timed Each time recording starts and stops repre User sa sents a data block indicated on the display by a vertical line separating the blocks Timed The Stop dialog User is the default Stop mode for LabScribe2 and can be reset from the Stop box on the Channel page in the Preferences dialog In User mode the Stop button in the upper right hand corner of the LabScribe2 Main Window will stop the recording when clicked The Record button changes to Stop after the Record button is clicked to begin the recording The Stop button remains visible until it is clicked Clicking the Stop button will change it back to Record When Timed is selected as the Stop mode LabScribe2 will stop recording automati
150. ike other computed functions Digital Input is not usually associated with a certain raw data channel The Digital Input channel can be added directly from the Channel page of the Preferences Dialog by activating a computed channel and selecting Digital Input from the add function list Selecting any of the Digital Input sub menu functions will open the Digital Inputs dialog The hardware channels that are to be monitored for TTL changes can be specifed in this dialog The Digital Input function treats the data received on a selected hardware channel as a binary number on or off which indicates a change in the state of external devices connected through a TTL Output These changes are indicated on the added Computed Channel The changes that can be monitored are e Raw The digital value at any given time as a 32 bit word is displayed 16 lines each either on or off Frequency The program takes the period of the Digital Input data in seconds and divides this value into 1 The result is a frequency which is expressed in Hz or cycles per second e Period The program takes the period for each cycle e Time On The time that the selected channels receive high TTL signals from the external device e Time Off The time that the selected channels receive low TTL signals from the external device e Duty Cycle 100 Time On Period e Count Cumulative number of events since the last reset 9 Digital Input and Output 131 Digital Inputs
151. ime 27 Double Display Time 27 Half Display Time 27 Preset 30 Setup Dialog 30 Zoom Between Cursors 27 E Edit menu 19 Electrocardiogram ECG Calculations 84 Electrocardiogram ECG advanced analysis 116 Automarks 116 Offline Calculations 118 Electroencephalograph EEG 77 Event Marker 80 Events Channel Events 44 Event Priority 45 Timed Events 45 Exporting data 138 F Fast Fourier Transforms FFT Copy Export Print 95 FFT Window 92 Power function 75 Table Functions 94 File editing 22 File menu 18 Filters 32 72 Find functions Auto Find 98 Find 96 G Gain 31 Gain Telegraph 78 H Help menu 25 Helper Files 47 I Inputs Bioamplifiers 32 DIN 8 32 Integral 65 Analysis Window 87 FFT 95 XY View 92 inverting trace 16 1Worx Systems Contact information 1x Technical support 1x 1Worx com User Area vili J Journal 135 adding content 136 printing and saving 137 toolbar 136 L LabScribe2 installation vii system requirements vii M Main Window 1 Marks creating offline 9 creating online 7 editing 9 exporting 11 position of comments 10 Preset 7 sorting 11 using marks to navigate 9 Metabolic advanced analysis 122 Breath by breath offline calculations 124 Mixing chamber offline calculations 126 MultiPoint Calibration 71 N Navigating by marks 9 Normalization module 129 O Of
152. in the Selected Segments window as well as the mean o o o standard deviation and range of each of the parameters averaged over all the selected segments Parameters ta Display Inspired wol e Val e Clicking the asterisk at the upper left of the Data Table displays the Heart Rate He autosize option Clicking autosize will optimize the size of the Data Table boxes e Clicking OK in the Offline Calculations Options Dialog saves the settings for future Metabolic analyses Metabolic offline functions list The Data Table parameters are e Abs VO2 Volume of oxygen consumed in liters per minute e Abs VCO2 Volume of carbon dioxide produced in liters per minute e Rel VO2 Abs VO2 per kg of body weight e Rel VCO2 Abs VCO2 per kg of body weight e RER Respiratory Exchange Ratio VCO2 VO2 e REE kcal 24 hr Resting Energy Expenditure 5 46 VO2 1 75 VCO2 e METS Metabolic Equivalents One MET 3 5 ml of VO2 per kg of body weight e Min O2 conc Minimum percentage of O2 in expired air e Max CO2 conc Maximum percentage of CO2 in expired air e TV Tidal Volume e RR Respiratory Rate e Inspired Vol Inspired air volume e Expired Vol Expired air volume e Watts Energy expended HR Heart Rate 60 period of each cycle e Mark Displays any marks in the selected segment Using Mixing Metabolic parameters can be calculated from the gas contents of the mixing chamber averaged Chamber over design
153. in the current Period and Count finds the lowest value Delta P P The Periodic submenu e CyclicMean The program examines all of the data points in the current Period and finds the average of all values e Max dV dt The program examines all of the derivatives in the current Period and finds the highest value This will correspond to the steepest slope in the cycle e Min dV dt The program examines all of the derivatives in the current Period and finds the lowest value This will correspond to the flattest area in the cycle e Mean dV dt The program examines all of the derivatives in the current Period and finds the average of all values e RMS The program examines all of the data points in the current Period and finds the Root Mean Square value for all points e Max Min Cyclic Max Cyclic Min e Count Choosing Count opens a dialog in which the user can set a threshold over which events are counted and tallied from the beginning of the recording block e Delta P P Change in Period from the preceding cycle Integral An integral is the area under a curve The Integral function as executed by LabScribe2 calcu lates a continuous sum of all the data points on a given channel that satisfy certain criteria and plots the running total There are four types of Integrals e Standard Includes all data points in the calculation e Absolute The Absolute Value of the Integral Abs Integral as the name implies makes all values
154. ind the rise time in seconds of the R wave The rise time is the time it takes the event of interest to go from its start to about 2 3 of its full amplitude In the case of the R wave in an ECG this value is about 20 milliseconds 0 020 seconds Substitute the value 0 02 for the rise time in the following equation to determine the bandwidth of the event R wave 0 159 RiseTime Bandwidth 0 159 0 020 8 34 Vertical Resolution 3 Acquisition Multiply the bandwidth by five to determine the minimum sampling frequency needed which in this example is 40Hz Higher sampling rates represent the data more accurately but this accuracy comes at the expense of larger data files The optimal sampling speed strikes a balance between the accurate portrayal of the data and the unwieldy size of the data file The default LabScribe2 sampling speed is 200 samples per second This is adequate to execute most of the laboratory experiments presented in the online Worx laboratory manuals Some experiments utilize higher or lower sampling rates appropriate to the data being acquired Sampling speed can also be set experimentally Start Sree 00 ml Samples Sec M sampling the data at the fastest speed possible Then I ice slowly reduce the sampling rate to a speed where data initially begins to degrade Finally set the sampling speed just above the rate that initially causes degra dation Sampling rates are set from the Speed menu on t
155. indow displays the graph menu Copy Graph e Copy graph Copies the current XY graph to the clipboard It can then be View ECG Graph pasted into the Journal or an external application View Artifact Graph e View ECG Graph Displays the ECGs determined by the checked Group Set axis Scale and Cycles in Group The group s signal averaged ECG is also displayed Set Y axis Scale in red AutoScale axis e View Artifact Graph Displays the graph configured in the Artifact AutoScale Y axis Removal tabbed dialog e Set X axis Scale Set Y axis scale Allows the user to set the x axis and y axis scales e AutoScale X axis AutoScale Y axis Optimizes the display scale of the x axis or y axis of the XY graph e The axes can also be re scaled by clicking and dragging either the x axis or y axis There are four buttons across the bottom of the ECG Calculations Dialog Copy Export Algorithms and Table Options All the calculated data in the Data Table can be copied to the clipboard by clicking the Copy button or exported by clicking the Export button The data are exported in a tab txt or comma separated csv text file and the XY graph can be exported as a Portable Network Graphics png or JPEG jpg image e LabScribe2 is able to calculate a large number of ECG calculations for each group of cycles By clicking Table Options at the bottom FETE IN eto of the ECG Calculations Dialog the Offline Calculations Options Dialog opens and
156. ine Calculations Using Mixing Chamber Offline Calculations AutoMark Peaks Peak Analysis AutoMarks Normalization Chapter 9 Digital Input and Output Overview Digital Input Digital Output Output States Naming States Sequences Creating a Sequence Triggering a Sequence Chapter 10 The Journal and Data Export The Journal The Journal Toolbar Adding Text Images and Data to the Journal Printing and Saving the Journal Cutting Copying and Pasting saving and Saving As Printing Exporting Data Exporting Images Exporting Numerical Data 112 113 116 116 116 118 122 122 124 126 127 127 129 131 131 132 132 133 133 133 134 135 136 136 137 137 138 138 138 139 139 Introduction Welcome Thank you for choosing Worx LabScribe2 Data Recording and Analysis Software We are confident that this software will make your data recording and analysis easier and welcome suggestions for improving our products Please contact us with comments concerns or sugges tions at 877 273 7110 Research products or 800 549 5748 Teaching products Interna tional customers should call 603 742 2492 Contact us via email at either research iworx com or teaching iworx com How to Use This User s Manual This User s Manual assumes you are familiar with basic Windows and Macintosh OSX termi nology The Table of Contents lists each chapter and its contents You can use it or the Index to locate pages on a particula
157. ing 0 392206 2 SOF R Amplitude End of P wave IsoElectric Crossing Begining of Q wave of R Amplitude e The positions of the markers can z manuall justing th TAPS 21 7163 S of R Amplitude ego Tenia ey eae e markers in the ECG graph and 7 32286 of R Amplitude clicking Get Parameters from graph Begin of T wave IsoElectric Crossing End of T wave IsoElectric Crossing 0 989571 SF F Amplitude Get Parameters from graph ECG Calculations Detection Algorithms dialog On the tabbed Results panel e The information from the other tabbed dialogs is summarized e Additional text can be entered in this panel 8 Advanced Analysis 119 Clicking Calculate on the ECG Calculations Dialog will display the electrocardiogram in the graph window A group of cycles is displayed at a time The number of cycles displayed is determined by the number entered in the Average box of the Settings dialog The group being displayed is indicated in the Group window and the individual cycles in that group are indicated in the Cycles in Group window The UP and DOWN arrows on the computer keyboard can be used to move quickly through the individual groups or cycles In the graph the currently selected cycle is in black and the average of the group is in red Any others are in gray The calculated values displayed in the Data Table are the averages of each group Clicking the arrow to the lower left of the graph w
158. ing the Save As function before recording any new data 40 Chapter 4 Creating Your Own Preferences and Settings Overview In additon to using LabScribe2 s pre loaded preferences and settings it is possible to modify or create your own Preferences and Settings The Preferences Dialog The Preferences Dialog can be accessed from the Edit menu in Windows and the LabScribe2 menu on the Macintosh There are six tabbed pages in the Preferences Dialog Details concerning the setup and use of many Preferences can be found in the relevant chapters of this manual When setting up Preferences and Settings for a new lab exercise starting from the default values will make the process easier as you will not be constrained by changes that have been made for other exercises It is also possible to make the process easier by finding a similar experiment from among the LabScribe2 experiments one that uses a similar system or technique and use those settings as a starting point Channel Stimulator Views Sequences Options Events The pages of the Preferences dialog window Channel Page Many of the display parameters for each channel as well as the recording parameters for data collection channels and the function of each computed channel can be set on the Channel page of the Preferences Dialog Preferences Dialog ee Channel Stimulator views Sequences Options Events Acquisition Mode Start Stop e Chart
159. ing the user to provide criteria by which LabScribe2 can locate and mark specific Pressure Volume Loop features and perform both online and offline mathematical calculations on these parameters Refer to the PV Loops section beginning on page 100 of Chapter 8 Advanced Analysis Routines for complete instructions PV Loops is a separately licensed analysis module Online Calculations AutoMark Offline Calculations The PV Loops submenu Blood Pressure Dispays a submenu that opens dialogs allowing the user to provide criteria by which Labscribe2 can locate and mark specific Blood Pressure parameters and perform both online and offline mathematical calculations on these parameters Refer to the Blood Pressure section beginning on page 110 of Chapter 8 Advanced Analysis Routines for complete instructions Blood Pressure is a separately licensed analysis module Online Calculations AutoMark Offline Calculations The Blood Pressure submenu ECG Analysis Displays a submenu that opens dialogs allowing the user to provide criteria by which LabScribe2 can locate and mark specific ECG features and perform offline mathematical calculations on these parameters See the ECG Analysis section beginning on page 116 of Chapter 8 Advanced Analysis Routines for details and complete instructions ECG Analysis is a separately licensed analysis module AutoMark Offline Calculations The ECG Submenu 2 The Menus 24 Help 2 The Menus Metabolic
160. ion about the markers opens The time coordinate the X value the Y value and the Marker channel value of each marker are listed To copy the graphical data displayed in the XY View use the Copy command in the Edit menu The image can be pasted into any application including the Journal that supports the clipboard To export the data from the channels used to construct the XY Graph as well as the Marker Channel data use the Export command in the File menu Select the format of the file from the list at the bottom of the Export File window To print the graphs in the current screen choose Print View in the File menu FFT is short for Fast Fourier Transform a mathematical operation that displays recorded data as the relative amplitudes of the frequency components that make up the recorded signal FFT plots have Frequency on the X axis and the Power amplitude contained in each frequency on the Y axis FFT analysis is used to determine the relative contributions of frequency components in a raw signal For example in EEG studies Aloha waves are EEG signals with frequencies between 8 and 13 Hz If an FFT is performed on an EEG recording that has a high number of Alpha waves the FFT will show a spike or a higher amplitude Power at the frequencies in the Alpha band LabScribe2 can perform Fast Fourier Transforms on selected pieces of recorded data in the FFT window The FFT window is opened from the View menu or by clicking the FFT icon on
161. ions and an example of building an output sequence that controls the stimulator operation Output Output states are individual instructions used in the construction of output sequences There States are six categories of output states that can be combined and built into a sequence that controls an external TTL device and also controls related LabScribe2 functions The output state options can be found on the Sequences page of the Preferences Dialog Sa e General The general category includes instructions for LabScribe2 to Start Recording Stop Recording and Update Mame e Stim Controls the internal stimulator operation This section can be used to General change the stimulator parameters on the fly A Stimd e Marks Puts Marks in the record indicating when events in the sequence occur HF Mark e Message LabScribe2 displays user Messages on the screen when instructed H Message e Sound Plays an existing audio file located in the same folder as the current Sound settings file when instructed Application e Application Sends instructions to external devices Output states categories Only some iWorx data acquisition units have Digital Output connectors Each digital output can be controlled independently For each digital output there are two states On and Off For eight digital outputs there are 16 states 9 Digital Input and Output 132 Naming States Sequences Creating a Sequence Each output state can
162. is limited to a value within this range 5 The Stimulator 49 5 The Stimulator To record and display stimulus pulses as in the examples that follow the Stimulator channel should be turned on in the Channel page of the Preferences Dialog window Note While it is possible to record and display the stimulator voltage by routing the stimulator output to one of the hardware recording inputs the Stimulator channel makes this unnecessary Never connect both the positive red and the negative black banana outputs of a data acquisition unit to its own inputs as this causes a short circuit that could damage the amplifier These red and black outputs can be connected to other devices nerve chambers stimulating electrodes and more but not to its own inputs The following exercise will take you step by step through the construction of two different Pulse protocols PULSE MODE STIMULATOR EXERCISE 1 To construct and record some examples of stimulus pulses select Preferences from the Edit menu On the Channel page of the Preferences Dialog e Set the sampling Speed to 10000 samples sec and the Display Time to 0 5 sec e De select the Raw Ch 1 4 by removing any checks in the checkboxes on the left e Select the Stim1 channel check its checkbox and set it to Record the stimulator Preferences Dialog et Channel Stimulator views Sequences Options Events Acquisition Mode Start Stop a IF z z Chart w
163. ition units have Digital Input connectors that allow external TTL devices to be monitored for state changes and have the changes indicated on the LabScribe2 recording Because these functions are closely related to LabScribe2 s Digital Output functions the details of configuring Digital Input computed channels are covered in Chapter 9 Digital Input and Output beginning on page 131 CrossTime CrossTime Channel Calculation can be used to demultiplex data from different sources that Channel have been recorded on one channel For example in flourescence studies the values of Calculation absorption as the filter wheel is changed from one filter to another may be recorded on one channel It is then necessary to mathematically separate the absorption values corresponding to each filter value for further analysis Cross lime Channel Setup Dialog Initial Delay 0 seconds Selection Duration 0 5 seconds Selection starts when data on Flourescence w crosses from La Flourescence Mean v of data From time Flourescence W Mean of data From time Flourescence Mean of data From time oe we CE OE ae O CK OC Lo Flourescence YW Mean of data From time cos tan Yo The Cross Time Channel Setup Dialog 6 Computed Channels 78 Using To use the CrossTime Channel Calculations function Cross lime a Ch l e Click on add function in the Channel Bar of the raw data channel and choose CrossTime Channel CAPE C
164. iworx com Web http www iworx com Research products 877 273 7110 research iworx com Teaching products 800 549 5748 teaching iworx com International customers should call 603 742 2492 Chapter 1 The Display Overview User Interface The Main Toolbar LabScribe2 both acquires data and uses an intuitive display that makes it possible for the user to view interpret and manipulate the recorded data This chapter discusses how data are displayed in the various windows of the LabScribe2 user interface The LabScribe2 user interface contains five primary display windows the Main and Analysis Windows the XY and FFT Views and the Journal There are also dialog windows and control panels accessible through Toolbar icons and the software Preferences Dialog accessed in the Edit menu in Windows and the LabScribe2 menu on the Macintosh which displays the Channel Stimulator Views Sequences Options and Events configurations The Marks icon in the Toolbar opens the Marks Dialog and the Stimulator icon opens the Stimulator Control Panel directly beneath the Toolbar The Main Window and Toolbar contain most of the controls necessary for data acquisition Window Most of LabScribe2 s interface features can be found in the Main Window LabScribe2 can display up to 128 channels of raw and computed data in the Main Window Marks Area Clock Area FB Exercise WX214 None LabScrib E R Fie Edt View Tools
165. large number of blood pressure calculations for each cycle By clicking Table Options at the bottom of the Blood Pressure Calculations Dialog the Offline Calculations Options Dialog opens and calculations to be displayed in the dialog data table can be chosen from the list of all possible calculations The Data Table displays the chosen calculated values for each cycle e Clicking the asterisk at the upper left of the Data Table displays the autosize option Clicking autosize will optimize the size of the Data Table boxes e The Data Table displays the chosen calculated values for each of the cycles checked in the Cycles Selected window as well as the mean standard deviation and range of each of the chosen param eters averaged over all the selected cycles e Clicking OK in the Offline Calculations Options Dialog saves the settings for future Blood Pressure analyses e Clicking Algorithms opens an information window describing the mathematical equations used to compute a number of the offline parameters Offline calculations Offline Calculations Options Dialog Ed parameters N e Heart Rate 60 period of each cycle Min dP dt dP rnin e Max Pressure Maximum value of the pressure channel Mean Pressure Mane for that cycle Contractility Index i o e Min Pressure Minimum value of the pressure channel End Systolic Pressure ESP for that cycle End Diastolic Pressure EDP Developed Fressure e Time at Notch Time at the dicro
166. le Edit View Tools Settings Advanced Help Fare ese Default view Seqiorr Speed 200sfsec Display Time 25 600 sec Mark v Time 22 38 157 F Pulse DING 2 _AutoScale Cadd Function alue 0 084 volt na Eri Blood Pressure BP Mark DINS set Gubo Scale eC _add Function value 23 891 mmHg yato lir pressure iasto lit pressure o H 22 17 402 zaza 002 22 30 202 22 36 602 TimectFile lt Created Dummy Hardware lW214 Comments moved to the channel data display in the Main Window 1 The Display 10 Sorting and Exporting Marks Views 1 The Display The Marks Dialog displays the time that a mark was made the text comment attached to the mark the channel on which the mark was made and the value of the amplitude at the mark Marks can be sorted by time channel or the text comment of the mark by clicking on the column titles Click once to organize marks in ascending order and a second time to change to descending order To export marks to a text file or soreadsheet program select the mark in the Marks Dialog and click the Export button MARKS EXERCISE 1 Click Record and record a few minutes of pulse transducer data as demonstrated in the Tutorial exercise that came with your software 2 As data are being recorded type Test 1 on the keyboard and strike the ENTER or RETURN key on the keyboard 3 Wait one minute type Test 2 and strike the ENT
167. le sweeps Create New Group Non Facilitating Stimuli O 1 Oey 0 3v E Facilitating Stimuli _ Remove Cancel The Sweep Manager e To switch the display from Sweep mode to Group mode click on the Sweep Group mode button to the left of the scrollbar This button changes from Sweep to Group In Group mode it s possible to display any of the named groups Selecting the Group name will display just the sweeps in that Group 7 230 sec 7 630 sec tii gt Non facilitating Stimuli The Sweep Selection Bar in Group mode 88 Copy Export and Print Analysis Window Data To copy the graphical data displayed in the Analysis Window use the Copy command in the Edit menu The image can be pasted into any program including the Journal that supports the clipboard To copy an individual channel s trace open the Channel Menu and choose Copy Graph The data in the Analysis window can be exported in Matlab mat DADISP dat Excel xls or Text txt formats An image of the data can be exported in Portable Network Graphics ong or JPEG jpg formats To export the data viewed use the Export command in the File menu Select the format of the file from the list at the bottom of the Export File dialog To print the visible screen excluding the Journal choose Print View in the File menu Redisplayed Data The XY View XY View Components 7 Analysis Data are recorded only into t
168. lined The Analysis Window Analysis Window Components 7 Analysis Functions specific to the Analysis Window take a group of data points selected by the user and reduce them into a single mathematical value These values can be saved to the Journal within LabScribe2 or exported to other programs There are currently more than 20 functions available in the LabScribe2 program that perform this kind of analysis The Analysis window is used to display and perform calculations on selected regions of Chart data or Scope sweeps captured from the Main Window The data in the Analysis Window are defined by the data displayed in the Main Window The Analysis Window and its analysis functions are activated by clicking the Analysis icon on the LabScribe2 Toolbar or selecting Analysis from the View menu Data from all channels within the selected area are displayed simutaneously in the Analysis window Many of the same tools in the Main Window are also available in the Analysis window These include Display Time controls Marks and Two Cursor Mode Single Cursor Mode is unavailable The Toolbar icons have the same functions Refer to Chapter 1 The Display for a complete description of these tools Scroll bars can be used to fine tune the area of data upon which the selected functions will operate in Chart mode In Scope mode the sweeps of interest can be selected Individually or as part of a group Data in the Analysis window can be operated upon b
169. litude to the Stopping Amplitude Num Ramps Number of Ramps IR Time between Ramps ms HP Holding potential is the voltage that Ramps start from and return to Apply Applies any changes to the Stimulus protocol made to the Stimulator Control Panel This button changes to Fire when recording starts Clicking Fire while recording will send the stimulus defined by the parameters in the Control Panel It is necessary to click on Apply when the parameters are changed Otherwise clicking on Fire will send an unchanged stimulus 58 Triangle Mode Control Panel Stimulus Protocols Built with the Sequence Builder The Sequences Preferences Page Building Output Protocols Using Sequences 5 The Stimulator A Apply Stimi Triange 41 5 21 Rise time ES A Trains 3 S itims 4 HA5 r r The Stimulator Triangle Control Panel Triangle mode is available only in some iWorx data acquisition units A1 The Starting Amplitude of each protocol A2 The Stopping Amplitude of each protocol Rise time The time taken to go from the Start Amplitude to the Stop Amplitude Triangles Number of Triangles IR Time between Triangles HP Holding potential is the voltage that the Triangles start from and return to Apply Applies any changes to the Stimulus protocol made to the Stimulator Control Panel This button changes to Fire when recording starts Clicking Fire while recording will send the stimulus defined by
170. lp menu Tip of the Day Displays a useful LabScribe2 tip 7 Help Manual Opens the online version of the LabScribe2 software manual QuickStart Opens the QuickStart guide WebPage Takes the user to the Worx home page This function requires an open Internet connection Language Allows the user to change the language LabScribe2 uses Changing the language requires a restart to take effect About LabScribe2 Displays the version number and creation date of the copy of LabScribe2 in use as well as information about the connected hardware Send a Bug Report Sends a bug report to Worx This requires an active Internet connection Check for Updates Sends the user to the User Area login page at iworx com The current LabScribe2 software can be downloaded from the Software page of the User Area This function requires an open Internet connection Reset to Factory Default Resets all Preferences to the Factory Default condition 29 Chapter 3 Acquisition Overview Start The most basic control in LabScribe2 is the one that starts and stops the recording This control Recording is found in the upper right hand corner of the Main Window After ensuring that the source of your signal is properly connected to your data acquisition unit click the Record button to begin recording While data are being recorded the Record button changes to Stop Click Stop at any time to end data recording Settings In addition to t
171. m which converts the entire waveform described by the data points into a completely new wave that is displayed on a different channel Currently there are more than 50 computed functions included in LabScribe2 These functions can only be accessed in the Main Window or from the Channel page of the Preferences Dialog They are called by using the add function menu and most can be used online or offline When used online the functions can operate at the top acquisition rate of the program 100 000 samples per second Adding a Computed Function Channel In the add function menu the transforms are organized into categories The functions within a category have similar setup requirements and are usually located in a submenu Many of these functions are included in the add function menu by default but some more specialized functions need to be added to the add function menu by modifying the MainWindow Functions box on the Options page of the Preferences Dialog as illustrated and explained on page 43 in Chapter 4 Creating Your Own Preferences and Settings All of the available functions are discussed below To apply a function to a Raw Data or a Computed Data channel Periodic Integral e Click the add function button on that channel s Channel Bar or on the Derivative Channel page of the Preferences Dialog accessed through the Edit spirometry d menu in Windows or from the LabScribe2 menu on the Macintosh MultiFoink Calibration Choose the
172. n be repeated for other peaks in the recording Clicking Add to Journal will add the data table to the Journal Peak Analysis Peak Analysis Setup Max Peak Type Positive F Upper Threshold s Use first 0 seconds as zero Middle Measure Pulse width at 50 of max amplitude Threshold Baseline Upper Threshold 75 of max amplitude Lower ey Threshold Lower Threshold 25 of max amplitude ogra ps SI Go ss rise time p EX Parameters Place the two cursors as shown in the above diagram Low Width Mid Width Leading Slope i Trailing Slope Min Slope 0 489 2 636 2 146 0 100 0 080 0 040 0 080 0 030 0 030 IT Max Slope gt Add To Journal Peaks Calculations 7 Analysis 85 The Functions General Derivative 7 Analysis The functions selected in the add function list determine the calculations performed on the data points between the two cursors in the Analysis window Selected Table Functions Function Scroll Bar gt Sweep5 1 aluel alue1 d i dt Max Area Selected Sweep Click to Add Function Scope Mode Only The Analysis Window Table Functions Title Bar The functions available in the Analysis window are divided into three categories General Derivative and Integral The functions in the General category are e Value1 Amplitude at Cursor 1 e Value2 Amplitude at Cursor 2 e Time1 Time at Cursor 1
173. ncy The converse of this rule is that the fastest frequency that can be reliably recorded is half of the sampling rate If a recording was made at 1000 samples per second the maximum frequency that could be recorded reliably would be 500Hz If a recording was made at 100 samples per second the maximum frequency that could be recorded reliably would be 50Hz When an FFT is performed on data recorded with LabScribe2 the program sets the X axis to a scale from OHz DC to a frequency that is half of the sampling rate A region of the scale can be expanded by using the cursors and the functions of the Channel menu but frequencies greater than half the sampling rate cannot be viewed To make an FFT work the transform must operate on a specific number of data points The number of data points used in the FFT is algorithm dependent By default the Snap to Grid option is selected which sets the second cursor to the location of the best selection of FFT data on the linear display section of the FFT View If you make a different selection LabScribe2 will fill in the remaining data points with zeros so the frequency content of the data that you did select will not be affected As stated in the first rule that governs FFT functions LabScribe2 sets the X axis limits in the FFT window according to the sampling rate Likewise the number of data points used in the FFT calculation sets the resolution of the X axis range If more data points are used the available
174. nd color of the channel windows and the width of the trace line e Cursor characteristics The cursor color and width can be set as can the cursor mouse click width e Block separators The width and color of the line separating recording blocks can be set e Mark characteristics The mark line color and width can be changed The Main Window Functions box allows the user to select the functions that appear in the add function list accessed in the Main Window The following Data characteristics can be set on the Options page e Data display precision Sets the number of digits of precision displayed e Data Separator Set the type of data separator to be used for exporting data to the Journal e Maximum display points The maximum number of data points that can be displayed on a screen of data The default value is 100 000 points This can be increased on the Options page but it should be noted that files with more data points and a faster sampling speed take up more of the computer s memory 4 Creating Your Own Preferences and Settings 43 Events Page As LabScribe2 acquires data it is aware of the value of each data point as it happens It is possible to instruct the software to watch for values above or below a specified level and have LabScribe2 advise the user when such conditions are met In LabScribe2 such an occurrence is called an Event These Events can trigger output Sequences Refer to Chapter 9 Digital Input and Output
175. needs to be short enough to insure that no important events occur between the sampled data points In the example below a sine wave with a frequency of 100Hz has been sent to the A D Converter In the graph on the left the data points recorded by an A D Converter set to the same sampling speed as the frequency of the sine wave are marked at the top of each cycle Because the sine wave has the same frequency as the sampling rate each recorded data point occurs at the same place in each cycle of the sine wave The graph on the right shows that a Straight line is the result when the data points are connected To render a more accurate repre sentation of the data a faster sampling speed is required How fast does the sampling speed need to be to record a reasonable representation of a real waveform A general rule of thumb is to sample at a rate that is a minimum of five times faster than the fastest frequency of interest in the waveform On the left a 100Hz sine wave appears as displayed on an analog recording device On the right the same sine wave appears as a line when recorded on an analog digital recording device at 100Hz sampling rate the same frequency as the wave To determine the optimal sampling frequency find the shortest event in a sample recording For example the R wave has the shortest duration of any event in an ECG and should be used to determine the sampling speed needed to record an accurate representation of the ECG Next f
176. nfigure the PV Loop Automark Dialog enter the following information e Pressure Channel Channel with pressure data Volume Channel Channel with volume or conductance data Start From Location in the data file to start the analysis The start of the document or an existing mark can be used to set the start location e Stop At Location in the data file to end the analysis The end of the document or an existing mark can be used to set the stop location 8 Advanced Analysis 102 Starting Mark Index Marks placed in the record have a number which corresponds to the cycle number The default cycle number starts at zero a change from the default starting cycle number can be made here e Tau fitting options Enter the value above end diastolic pressure EDP that should be used as the Tau stop point in the calculation of the best fit line to be used for the calculation of Tau Tau is the isovolumic time constant and is calculated using the line from dPmin to this user defined point e When the pressure channel is selected it will appear in the graph area of the dialog Adjust the two threshold lines so that they pass between the minimum and maximum cyclic values LabScribe2 uses the positive threshold crossing from below the lower threshold to above the upper threshold to determine the cycle e Place Marks At Choose the points of interest the program should mark in the record These AutoMarks can be used to verify that the program h
177. nimals could be recorded on Channels 1 4 Simultaneously the Rate function could be used on Channels 5 8 to calculate the heart rate of each animal from its recorded blood pressure on Channels 1 4 Displaying more channels means there is less space on the display for each one In the case of a 16 channel Main Window display it is hard to resolve detail in the recorded data on each channel LabScribe2 solves this problem by allowing the user to create many different arrangements of channels that are displayed on the screen at one time Each arrangement of channels that is displayed is known as a View Using the example from the previous paragraph a view could be created that displayed only the arterial pressure from Channel 1 and the calculated heart rate for the same animal displayed on Channel 5 The data from Channels 1 and 5 would appear in the first and second data display areas respectively The other six raw data and computed heart rate channels would not be displayed For the data recorded from another animal on Channel 2 another view with Channels 2 and 6 its matching rate channel can be created Creating and To create a new view Editing Views e Make any desired changes to the Main Window by resizing the channels or by hiding or minimizing a channel from the Channel Menu in the channel s Channel Bar e Click on the arrow next to Default View in the Toolbar and choose New View e Name the view in the Edit View Name dialog e V
178. ning rate from an ECG it would have been necessary to adjust the Threshold so that it cleared the P and T waves in the recording and passed through just the QRS complex All Periodic functions are selected in the same manner To apply any of these functions to a channel e Click on the add function button in the Channel Bar e Select Periodic from the add function menu and a submenu appears Select one of the functions in the submenu opening the Periodic function setup dialog e Adjust and or activate the parameters in the setup dialog as neccessary using the information in the previous section as a guide 6 Computed Channels 64 e Click Record in the Main Window to begin recording e AutoScale the raw data then AutoScale the calculated channel e Click Stop when you have recorded the desired data The functions in the Periodic submenu are Rate e Rate LabScribe2 takes the Period in seconds and divides this value into 60 The PrENUENEY result is a Rate which is expressed in events per minute Period CyclicMax e Frequency The program takes the Period in seconds and divides this value into 1 CyclicMin The result is a Frequency which is expressed in Hz cycles per second ee e Period The program takes the Period for each cycle Min dv dt e CyclicMax The program examines all of the data points in the current Period and Mean dv dt finds the highest value RMS Max Min e CyclicMin The program examines all of the data points
179. nnel Data opening the PVLoop Volume Calibration ialog The PVLoop Volume Simple Calibration dialog e In the PVLoop Volume Calibration Dialog e Choose the Pressure and calibrated Volume channel e Using the cursors in the Pressure and Volume trace window at the top of the dialog select the region corresponding to the saline bolus injection PY Loop Volume Calibration Dialog Using the 2 curspors select the region corresponding to the injection of the saline bolus Pressure Channel Volume Channel 32 5644560 32 579601 33 015052 Ja 4560562 33 709200 34 545200 34 953441 Equation ves 0 7 79798 ved 4 302426 35 361679 30 508402 36 208401 36 420082 Parallel Volume 19 538521 uL R Yale 0 996615 Sum of Squared Errors 0 194894 The calculation of parallel volume by selecting a sequence of PV Loops that show the injection of a saline bolus e In the EDV vs ESV XY graph the line created by the shifting conductance values caused by the saline bolus will cross the identity line at the parallel volume The equation of the data line its goodness of fit and the parallel volume are displayed below the XY graph window Click OK e The parallel volume will now be displayed in the PVLoop Volume Simple Calibration dialog Click OK and a corrected volume channel is added to the recording 8 Advanced Analysis 108 8 Advanced Analysis To use the Vol Baan s Equation function e Click on add function on a
180. nning of the Q wave to the peak of the R wave ST Averaged time from the end of the S wave to the start of the T wave P Duration Averaged time from the beginning to the end of the P waves T Duration Time from the beginning to the end of the T wave TP Duration Time from the beginning of the T wave to the end of the P wave P Amplitude Averaged amplitude of the P waves from the baseline Q Amplitude Averaged amplitude of the Q waves from the baseline R Amplitude Averaged amplitude of the R waves from the baseline S Amplitude Averaged amplitude of the S waves from the baseline T Amplitude Averaged amplitude of the T waves from the baseline ST Height The height of the point at the beginning of the ST segment from the baseline QR Amplitude Lowest point of the Q wave to the peak of the R wave T Area Area between the T wave and the baseline from the start to the end of the T wave QAT Q alpha T The time from the Q wave to the peak of the T wave QATN Q alpha T normalized Time between the Q wave and the lowest point between the end of the S wave and the end of the T wave 8 Advanced Analysis 121 Metabolic Using Breath by Breath Online Calculations The Metabolic module uses breath to breath or mixing chamber oxygen content carbon dioxide content and air flow volume to calculate many metabolic parameters Many of these parameters can be calculated online and all the parameters can be viewed in a ta
181. ns found in these windows is deferred to the Redisplayed Data section beginning on page 89 of Chapter 7 Analysis Chapter 2 The Menus Overview While many of LabScribe2 s features can be accessed in more than one way the main menus and the dialogs they open provide a systematic way to access virtually every LabScribe2 feature The Menus File LabScribe2 supports all of the elements found in a standard File menu Edit View Tools Settings Adyar A New Ctrl M Open Chrl 0 Save Chri 5 Save AS Email Import Batch Import Export Document Properties Batch Convert vi x Files a Print view Frink Preview Page Setup Print Journal Print All Recent Files b Exit The File menu New Opens a new file Only one acquisition window may be open at a time This function is also available from the Toolbar Open Opens a previously recorded file This function is also available from the Toolbar Save Saves data to the active file This function is also available from the Toolbar Save As Saves data to a new file with a different name or format It is possible to rename a data file save the settings as a Settings File generate a Sequences Output or save the Journal as an html html or xml xml file Email Opens a dialog that allows the user to email the active file This function requires an active Internet connection 2 The Menus 18 Edit 2 The Menus Import Opens a
182. ntrol Panel or automatically from a programmed Sequence described more completely later in the chapter e Number of Pulses The total number of pulses that will be sent from the stimulator output Note In order to produce continuous pulses the Number of Pulses must be set to zero e Pulse Width The pulse is the basic unit of an output protocol and it has two basic dimensions Amplitude as described above and duration The duration of the pulse is also called Pulse Width e Pulse Frequency This is the number of programmed pulses that are delivered in one second The maximum frequency that can be set is dependent on the pulse duration If the pulses are too long for the chosen frequency they will overlap and the voltage output will be continuous and not pulsed The Pulse Width cannot be longer than the inverse of the frequency also called the period e Time Off This is the interpulse duration the amount of time between two consecutive pulses Pulse Frequency is 1 Pulse Width Time Off e Holding Potential This is a voltage that can be programmed to shift the resting membrane voltage of an excitable tissue like a neuron It is known as a holding voltage because it can be used to hyperpolarize the membrane potential of an excitable tissue and hold it at a level hyperpolarized enough to prevent spiking Individual Worx data acquisition devices have different possible voltage output limitations and the Holding Potential
183. number 4 should be entered in the Num Trains box The completed output protocol should look something like the figure below Burst of pulses separated by InterTrain Durations Selecting the Constant voltage option on the Stimulator page of the Preferences dialog window disables the entry boxes for all stimulus parameters except Amplitude and Delay When the Record button is clicked the voltage set on the Stimulator page is delivered continuously to the low voltage output of the iWorx data acquisition unit The voltage output terminates when the recording is stopped Step mode is used almost exclusively for voltage clamp protocols In Step mode the amplitude of the stimulator output can be increased or decreased in a step wise manner Channel Stimulator views Sequences Options Events Stim 1 B Delay 0 1 a SEC Step w Start Amplitude 0 volts Bipolar Stop Amplitude g alts Start Stimulator with Recording Number of Steps a E Time Resolution 0 01 msec Step Width 10 H msec v Toolbar Steps Time OFF v 0 ie msec v Frequency E E A Time OFF Amplitude 1 walts Amplitude iv Ol Repeat Count 4 m ot s Time sec 0 1 s InterProtocol Duration 100 7 lt msec il Holding Potential 0 volts Status Ok ero 2 000 0 275 The parameter boxes on the Stimulator page set for Step mode In additi
184. o their original positions in the Text Display Area at the base of the Main Window Ea Marks Add Mark Reset Location of Displayed Marks The Marks submenu Reset Channel Size Returns all open channels to their default screen sizes Display Opens a submenu with controls for changing display time parameters These param eters are discussed starting on page 27 of Chapter 3 Acquisition Half Display time zoom between Cursors Double Display Time Undo Zoom between Cursors The Display submenu The Tools menu controls functions that can find and move specific data to the Journal find specific events or regions in the recording and edit the data file Tools Settings Advanced Help 4d All Data to Journal Add Title to Journal 4dd Image to Journal Find Hardware Find Find Mek CTRL F Auto Find Lock Cursor Separation Edit Block DownSample Crop Data The Tools menu Add All Data to Journal Sends data from the Main or Analysis Windows to the Journal Add Titles to Journal Sends the titles of the selected Table Functions from the Analysis Window to the Journal Add Image to Journal Sends an image of the current screen to the Journal Refer to the section beginning on page 136 of Chapter 10 The Journal and Data Export for a detailed account of this and the preceding two functions Find Hardware Identifies the iWorx data acquisition device in use and initializes the computer s connection to it Find C
185. of Separation Marks Making Marks Online Preset Marks 1 The Display data between them To lock the separation distance positon the two cursors at the desired separation and choose Lock Cursor Separation in the Tools menu To unlock the cursors click Lock Cursor Separation a second time CURSOR EXERCISE 1 Record some data using the pulse transducer as demonstrated in the Tutorial exercise that came with your software 2 Select Single Cursor Mode by pressing the Single Cursor Mode icon in the Toolbar 3 Record the value that corresponds to the position of the cursor 4 Click hold and drag the cursor over the highest point in a given cycle of the data Adjust the position of the cursor bar left or right by using the LEFT or RIGHT arrow keys on the keyboard Adjust the position of the cursor so that the value in the Value Display Area reads the maximum value 5 Enter Two Cursor Mode by clicking the Two Cursor Mode icon in the Toolbar 6 Position Cursor 1 so that it is over the minimum value in a given cycle then position Cursor 2 over the maximum value of the beat to the right The value reported will be positive and represents the amplitude of that pulse beat 7 Now drag Cursor 2 to the maximum value of the beat to the left of Cursor 1 When you release Cursor 2 it becomes Cursor 1 and the new value reported will be of a similar magnitude but will be a negative number LabScribe2 can record large amounts of data
186. of the Settings menu To open a specific settings file select the appropriate category to display the experiments in that category Highlight the name of the file and click it The settings file associated with that experiment will load into LabScribe2 and set the appropriate parameters for recording and displaying data e Worx experiments are grouped into one of several electronic laboratory manuals that are available for download from the User Area of iworx com Each settings file opened from the Settings menu is associated with a helper file which is a pdf copy of the laboratory exercise as it appears in one of the iWorx laboratory manuals Opening the exercise s settings file will also open this pdf file 3 Acquisition 26 Main Window Display Considerations Managing Display Time 3 Acquisition Recorded data have two important dimensions time and amplitude Each of these has its own set of controls The events recorded using LabScribe2 occur over very different time frames For example recording the discharge curve of a 9 Volt battery takes hours while recording the QRS complex in a human electrocardiogram takes only a fraction of a second LabScribe2 allows the recording of both very slow and very fast events while displaying the data in a format that is easily inter preted To manage the time component of recorded data a parameter called Display Time is used Display Time is the amount of time represented by one full scr
187. olume Channel Lung volumes STPD ka Rel Woe a Rel vWoO RER Ayerage cycles REE METS Weight Kg Min O2 conc Max COZ conc TV Oz Conc in Inhaled Air Yo CO Conc in Inhaled Air 0 04 J Set the thresholds For detecting a cycle using the two horizontal cursors Use percentage of Max and Min Scaling Use absolute values t r p The Online Metabolic Calculations Setup e Select the O and CO channels and enter them in the dropdown menu boxes e Select a calibrated Lung Volume channel from the dropdown channel menu For instructions on calibrating the spirometer in use refer to the Spirometry function section beginning on page 68 of Chapter 6 Computed Channels e Next to Average enter the number of breath cycles to be averaged for each reported value e Enter the subject s weight and the estimated O and CO content of inhaled air in the appropriate text boxes e Under Calculations select the Metabolic parameters to be included in the data boxes Descriptions of each of these variables can be found at the end of this section e Set the Thresholds for cycle detection on the data graph Be sure both threshold lines stay between the minimum and maximum data values If the data trace is very stable absolute values can be used instead e Click OK to exit the dialog e Once the subject and the hardware are prepared click Record and the Metabolic parameters will be averaged over the pre set number of cy
188. on to the parameters already described configuring a Step Protocol requires that the Output Protocols following parameters also be set in Step Mode 5 The Stimulator Start Amplitude The starting amplitude of the Steps 53 Stop Amplitude The ending amplitude of the Steps Number of Steps The number of Steps in each staircase or protocol Step Width The duration of each individual Step Time Off or InterStep Width Time between individual Steps Repeat Count The number of times the Step protocol will repeat Interprotocol Duration The duration of time between the termination of one protocol one staircase and the initiation of the next The Amplitude of each individual Step in the protocol is determined by LabScribe2 with the starting and ending Amplitudes and the Number of Steps entered on the Stimulator page The equation used to perform this calculation is Start Amplitude Stop Amplitude Number of Steps Voltage Increment If the user knows the voltage increment needed at each step the equation can be transposed to solve for the Number of Steps required in the protocol and this value can be entered on the Stimulator page Start Amplitude Stop Amplitude Voltage Increment Number of Steps Likewise if the user knows the previous amplitude and the voltage increment the succeeding amplitude can be calculated Previous Amplitude Voltage Increment Succeeding Amplitude With the starting en
189. on x e Choose offset only from the drop down menu in the a Simple Units Conversion dialog The average value between the two cursors can now be set to the required 4oply units bo mew data Ml apply offset value zero in this example C Apply units to all blocks e You can alternatively select Set Offset from the Units Mean Value between Cursor gt 0 000000 sub menu and enter the required offset in the Apply Unit Name Wolt Offset to Data dialog e The units are always applied to the selected block s To apply the units to all blocks select the Apply units to all blocks checkbox To apply units to new data which will be recorded select the Apply units to new data checkbox The Simple Units Conversion dialog window showing the offset only configuration e Click OK to exit the dialog Inverting the Trace Voltmeter 1 The Display Unit conversions can also be set from the Channel page of the Preferences Dialog Each channel can be set with the conversion factors provided by the transducer manufacturer refer to page 42 in Chapter 4 Creating Your Own Settings and Preferences At times it may be desirable to turn off the Units Conversion and simply view the raw data in the default unit which is volts You can turn off the units for all blocks directly from the Units sub menu or from the Simple Units Conversion dialog box When recording physical parameters such as temperature pressure or force it
190. ors one supranormal R wave to the right allowing the next interval to be determined and recorded The Auto Find dialog window is similar to the Find window It is also accessible from the Tools menu and works only from the Analysis Window However the Auto Find function can be programmed to find multiple data points with the same parameters within a data selection The values at those points can be added to the Table Functions data boxes and the results of these analyses can be written to the Journal automatically The Auto Find function can find the same types of data points found with the Find function Like Find routines Auto Find routines may be constructed from the various parameters available and saved in the Auto Find folder For periodic functions maximum values and minimum values LabScribe2 uses the threshold values set for periodic data on the add function menu in the Channel Bar Just like other measurements of periodic data the data must be scaled properly which can be accomplished in most cases by clicking the AutoScale button in the Main Window Find Dialog First set Cursorl New Cursorl Position old Cursor2 4dd mark at Cursor1 Position Move Cursor to new Cursor position and then Find new Cursor 2 position New Cursor Position Next Max v o SEC S S w we Threshold Low Value 0 85 Channel ECG Threshold High Value 0 87 4dd mark at Cursor Position Repeat Until Black Limit
191. page of Duplicate view the Preferences Dialog where more options are Rename Yiew l available A more complete description of Views and Edit view _ how to create them can be found starting on page 11 in this chapter Views Toolbar button and drop down menu Sequences The Sequence menu is a drop down list containing sequences of analog or digital outputs defined in the Sequences page of the Preferences Dialog Clicking the Sequence button will fire the output sequence currently selected Selecting a new sequence in the drop down list also automatically fires that sequence See page 59 of Chapter 5 The Stimulator and page 133 of Chapter 9 Digital Input and Output for more complete discussions of Sequences Eee Or iF ow OFF Run Sequence Stop Edit Sequence Open File rr E Save File Sequence Toolbar button and drop down menu Each channel has its own set of controls located in a Channel Bar immediately above the channel s data window The Channel Bar will appear slightly different depending on which window is currently being displayed Mode Function Adds Computed Channel Channel Title Zoom In Zoom Out Displays Value at Cursor s Channel eee Menu Pulse BNC _AutoScale _ C Cadd function J 2 1 0 2531 Volt ee ie dy eee bebe Deel a The Main Window Channel Bar The Channel Menu contains functions specific to the channel and is accessed by the arrow on the left of the Channel
192. ple of a continuous step protocol 6 To create a Step protocol where the voltage returns to a baseline value between Steps alter the Time Off to a number greater than zero The resulting wave would be similar to that seen in the figure below An example of a step protocol punctuated by returns to baseline between steps 7 A Constant voltage protocol can be combined with the Step protocol to have the voltage return to a different baseline after the completion of the Step sequence For example setting the Holding Potential in the sample Step protocol to 5 00mV would cause the output Amplitude of the Stimulator to return to 5 00mV at the end of the Step sequence Subsequent firings of the protocol would begin from the new baseline of 500mV drop to the Start Amplitude in the example 1V step to the End Amplitude 1V and then return to the Holding Potential of 500mV 95 Ramp Mode in Ramp mode stimulator output increases or decreases periodically as it does in Step mode but the voltage change in Ramp mode is linear as opposed to occurring in discrete steps Ramp mode is only available in some Worx data acquisition units Channel Stimulator views Sequences Options Events Stim 1 Import Settings Delay 0 1 img ec Bipolar E Delay Amplitude 1 p volts H Start Stimulator with Recording Start Amplitude a a volts Time Resolution 0 04 msec v Stop Amplitude E 7
193. r Control Panel Pulse Mode Control Panel Train Mode Control Panel 5 The Stimulator Note The Stimulator Preferences dialog will draw whatever protocol you specify Be sure to examine the output representation carefully before closing the dialog to confirm that this is in fact the output that you want Clicking the Stimulator icon in the Toolbar or selecting the Stimulator Panel item in the View menu will place a Stimulator Control Panel directly beneath the Toolbar in the Main Window The Stimulator Control Panel can be used to create a new protocol or change the parameters of a protocol that was created on the Stimu Tools Settings Ad e lator Preferences page w StatusBar Stimulator Panel Each Stimulator mode has a unique Control Panel The modes are Voltmeter described in the preceding section The Stimulator Control Panel Onlines variations are illustrated and explained below The View menu Puke Amp4 fpulsesS Widthims 100 Fal HPO The Stimulator Pulse Control Panel Amp Amplitude of the stimulus pulse in Volts pulses Number of pulses should be set to zero for continuous pulses Width ms Duration of the pulse in milliseconds ms F Hz Frequency of stimulation in Hertz Hz HP Holding potential is the voltage that pulses start from and return to Apply Applies any changes to the Stimulus protocol made to the Stimulator Control Panel This button changes to Fire when recording
194. r Mode e To access Two Cursor Mode click on the Two Cursor Mode icon in the Toolbar e When using Two Cursor Mode the cursor on the left is always Cursor 1 and the one to the right is always Cursor 2 If Cursor 2 is moved to the left of Cursor 1 it becomes Cursor 1 e The Value Display Area displays the difference in voltage between the data points at Cursor 1 and Cursor 2 The value shown is always the amplitude at Cursor 2 minus the amplitude at Cursor 1 and can therefore be a negative number e The Clock Area reports the difference in time between the two cursors e In Two Cursor Mode the cursors can also be used to define the left and right boundaries of a selection of data Moving Cursors A cursor may be moved by placing the mouse over the cursor clicking and dragging it to the right or left Cursors may also be moved using the arrow keys on the keyboard e Pressing the RIGHT or LEFT arrow key on the keyboard moves the cursor one data point e In Two Cursor Mode pressing the keyboard s UP arrow changes the cursor that is moved e In the Analysis Window holding the SHIFT key down while pressing the RIGHT or LEFT arrow causes the cursor to move five data points at a time e In the Analysis Window holding the CONTROL key down while pressing the RIGHT or LEFT arrow moves the cursor ten points at a time 1 The Display 6 Locking Cursor The cursors may be locked a set duration apart allowing you to look at a consistent amount
195. r one second the Pump will start a Bell audio file will play and recording will commence After seven minutes of recording Valve 1 will close the Pump will turn off and a Buzzer sound file will play After another seven minutes recording will stop and the sequence ends Triggering a Sequence wv OFF Seg Oth Open Pump Close Pump Give Drug Run Sequence Stop Edit Sequence Open File Save File The Main Window Sequences menu 9 Digital Input and Output Sequences of analog or digital outputs defined in the Sequence page of the Preferences dialog window are added to the Sequences menu on the Toolbar Clicking the Run Sequence option will fire the output sequence selected from the list Sequences can also be triggered automatically by LabScribe2 s detection of timed Events or Events in the recording These Events are defined and given priorities in the Events page of the Preferences Dialog Refer to page 44 in the Events section of the Creating Your Own Preferences and Settings chapter for a detailed discussion of this process 134 Chapter 10 The Journal and Data Export The Journal The Journal is very similar to a text editor Text can be entered and edited in the Journal area and images of the traces and graphs from the raw data and computed channels can be copied to the Journal In addition to images data values from the Main and Analysis Windows can be added to the Journal The Journal can be printed and its
196. r subject Although it contains some practice exercises this manual is not designed to be a tutorial or an introduction to LabScribe2 It is a reference manual covering all of the features and capabilities of the software Refer to the Quick Start guide for a practical overview of LabScribe2 s most commonly used features A tutorial containing a number of exercises is included in the electronic laboratory manual that came with your software and there are a number of video tutorials available in the User Area at iworx com System Requirements LabScribe2 recording software requires a Windows Windows 98 through Windows 7 ora Macintosh OSX 10 3 through OSX 10 6 computer If you are using a Windows computer a Pentium 4 processor computer with at least 2 gigabytes of RAM and 500 megabytes of free space on your hard drive is required A Windows computer with a Dual Core Processor with an AGP graphics card and 2 gigabytes of RAM is preferred If you are using a Macintosh a G4 processor with at least 2 gigabytes of RAM and 500 megabytes of free space on your hard drive is required An Intel Dual Core Processor and dedicated graphics card are preferred Installation Installation From CD Introduction LabScribe2 software is provided on a hybrid CD ROM with software for both Windows and Macintosh Operating Systems If you don t have a CD drive the software installer can be downloaded from our User Area Point your browser to http ww
197. r y The Settings menu Load Group Loads a group of existing settings files Each file that is part of the group contains the LabScribe2 recording and analysis parameters necessary to record a specific experiment or type of data Refer to the section starting on page 26 in Chapter 3 Acquisition for detailed instructions Manage Settings Opens the Settings Manager dialog box The controls in the dialog allow the user to edit existing settings files in a group remove them from a group or to add new ones to a group Refer to the section beginning on page 45 of Chapter 4 Creating Your Own Prefer ences and Settings for more details Default Setting Restores the Main Window to its default view The menu items beneath the line refer to categories of experiments that have been loaded into LabScribe2 Selecting any of them will open a sub menu listing the experiments in that category 23 Advanced The Advanced menu has options for performing advanced analyses specific to a physiological function or type of data Through these analyses LabScribe2 is able to locate specific data points of physiological interest and perform calculations pertaining to these data Refer to Chapter 8 Advanced Analysis Routines for a complete discussion of these functions Advanced Help FY Loops Blood Pressure ECG Analysis Metabolic SutoMark Peaks FT Fr F F Manage Scripts The Advanced menu PV Loops Displays a submenu that opens dialogs allow
198. race on a channel click on the waveform and drag it to the desired position Signal Conditioning Gain 3 Acquisition There is a minimum voltage that the A D Converter can display The specific voltage depends on the Worx data acquisiton unit in use If the signal being measured is smaller than this minimum voltage additional gain can be applied to the signal before it is presented to the A D Converter by using a bioamplifier For example consider an ECG with a total peak to peak amplitude of only 2 mV Because of its voltage limitations the A D Converter is not sensitive enough to record any meaningful changes to a signal this small The signal is often smaller than the noise level and it s not possible to distinguish the signal from the noise If an amplifier is placed between the signal and the A D Converter the raw signal can be amplified by a selected gain If the gain is 100 times X100 the 2mV ECG signal becomes a 200mV signal Now when the amplified signal is presented to the A D Converter it is 100 times bigger and large enough for the A D Converter to display it accurately and distinguish it from the noise Adding gain to the recording system improves the signal to noise ratio of the measuring system but the A D Converter is still limited to a total range of 5V or 10V depending on the A D Converter in use In the case where X100 gain is applied to a 0 2V signal the amplified signal becomes 20V which is outside th
199. rance 4 Percentage of data viewed in graph The Metabolic Output Calculation Dialog e Select the Output Channel O or CO depending on whether the calculation of VO or VCO is being configured and a calibrated air flow volume channel Enter the subject s weight and the percentage of O or CO in inspired air e Set the Threshold such that each data cycle passes through the Threshold lines e Click OK To set up the RER Respiratory Exchange Ratio function e Select RER from the Spirometry submenu opening the RER Calculation Dialog RER Calculation Dialog RER Type Open Small Animal Chamber e Choose the source of the data From VO2 and VCO2 OF Nene ae eae et Data Closed Small Animal Chamber or Open Small COD GRERRED NE COz Concentration fall Animal Chamber The RER is calculated from the J changing percentages of oxygen and carbon dioxide in Times to average 10 expired air The setup menu also asks for the time intervals Flow Rate mlimin so a over which the values are averaged and the flow rate through the mixing chamber if appropriate Delta Time min 0 e Select the O and CO channels e Choose the duration to average the values over The RER Calculation Dialog If appropriate enter the flow rate e Delta time Time taken for a 1 change in CO2 or O2 concentration Set the cursors so that there is a 1 change between them in the relevant concentration and use T2 T1 as Del
200. re is particularly useful when trying to integrate signals that are difficult to zero manually An example of the application of this feature is illustrated in the figure below The output of a respiratory flow sensor is the value displayed on the upper channel the lower channel is the integral of the upper channel or the volume flowing through the sensor In this example the setting of zero is critical because any offset of the raw data from zero will be taken as a flow and subsequently be interpreted as a volume Two examples of the respiratory integral are shown In each case the flow sensor has a small but stable offset In the first example the integral shows constant increase in volume even as the flow is constant Y Flow BNC AutoScale Cadd function 2 V1 0 000 Volt 0 625 0 000u 0 625 volume Std Int Raw chd 0 157 AutoScale Cadd Function VE 0 014 Yolk s 0 126 0 100 Sa ee ae a ee E Mam Md ae in ae Integral without Zero 6 Computed Channels 66 Using the Integral Functions Derivative Using the Derivative Function In the second example where the Use First N seconds as zero option is used the initial flow is constant and is set to zero so the initial volume is zero When the flow increases to a level above the effective zero line then the volume will increase on the integral channel Y Flow BNC 8 4utoScale add Function W2 NL 0 000 Volt 0 625
201. regions of interest LVEDP a blood pressure parameter and the R and P waves in an ECG are examples of specific events The user can choose which specific events should be located and sets the criteria for their detection When the detection routine is run on the selected data the software puts Marks on the data at the detected points The automatic placement of marks on the data accomplishes two things First it identifies the data points that serve as the basis for calculations second it provides the user with visual cues to confirm that the software did the job of detecting the correct points Calculations specific to each routine are computed from the automarked data points and the results are displayed in the appropriate analysis windows PV Loops Online Calculations Ventricular pressure volume loops are used to study many quantitative aspects of cardiac contractility The PV Loops software module integrates the variables and measurements necessary for the recording analysis and interpretation of ventricular pressure volume loops The PV Loops module requires a separate license The first time you select PV Loops you will be asked for a username and a serial number Contact Worx Systems for more information When PV Loops is chosen from the Advanced menu a submenu opens displaying three choices Online Calculations Automark AutoMark and Offline Calculations Offline Calculations Online Calculations PV Loops submenu
202. ression of dP dt vs Pressure e Tau Mirsky Time required for LV pressure to fall to one half of its value at end systolic pressure ESP e Time to Peak Time from the start of the cycle to the beats maximum value e Ejection Time Time between the start of the cycle and the dichrotic notch e Percent Recovery Designated percentage of the time it takes for the pressure to recover e Tension Time Index The average pressure during systole multiplied by systolic duration e Relaxation Time The time between Min dP dt and the end of the cycle e dPdT A Rate of pressure change as a function of time at user designated point A e dPdT B Rate of pressure change as a function of time at user designated point B e IsoVolumetric Time Duration of the isovolumetric contraction period 8 Advanced Analysis 115 ECG Analysis The ECG Analysis module detects electrocardiogram parameters and computes functions based on those features The ECG Analysis module requires a separate license The first time you select ECG Analysis you will be asked for a username and a serial number Contact Worx Systems for more information When ECG Analysis is chosen from the Advanced menu a Submenu opens displaying two choices Automark and Offline Calculations AutoMark Offline Calculations Automark ECG Submenu The AutoMark detector is used to detect and identify the components of an ECG Selecting AutoMark in the ECG Analysis submenu of the Advance
203. rity Event can stop a lower priority Sequence but a lower priority Event cannot stop a higher priority Sequence If a Sequence is manually triggered by the user the trigger is considered a User Event with a priority of 50 Any Events with a higher priority than 50 will interrupt a user initiated Sequence while Events with a lower priority than the User Event cannot interrupt a user initiated Sequence An Event can start in an enabled or disabled state A disabled Event is ignored but it can be enabled by other Events The Enable Events and Disable Events boxes determine which Events enable or disable other Events The Event being configured will enable Events highlighted in the Enable Events box and will disable Events in the Disable Events box regardless of relative priorities In the example shown on page 133 of Chapter 9 Digital Input and Output the Pulse channel is being monitored for a positive threshold crossing from below 0 67804 to above 0 900062 The Event has a priority of 50 and is enabled to trigger the Sequence Start Pump when the triggering criteria are satisfied This event will also enable event3 and event4 while disabling event2 The Settings Menu LabScribe2 offers users several choices for recording and displaying data When certain choices are used repeatedly a template known as a settings file can be created to reduce the time required to program the recording software and the A D Converter To
204. s Block Move curve Freehand Move using Reset curve Warning Sampling Speed has to be the same in all blocks For this Function bo work properly The Template Match dialog Using Template To create a template Matching e Select a region of interest using the two cursors This will be a feature that you want LabScribe2 to search for matching waveforms throughout the recording e Click Create Template from data between cursors to create a baseline for the template 6 Computed Channels 79 PVLoop TimeShift Channel e For each point in the template you can set the acceptable tolerance The tolerance can be fixed for all data points or the tolerance can vary for different parts of the waveform In case of variable tolerance the high and the low limits of the tolerance are set separately e Each tolerance line can be moved up or down using Block Move Curve It is also possible to move only certain segments of the curve using freehand Move using When using the freehand move it is necessary to specify the number of points each move will influence e Once a template is created the program will find segments of the data where each datapoint in the segment matches the template within the tolerance for each point The PV Loop function is used to calibrate the contribution of parallel conductance and volume to ventricular volume estimates based on conductance catheter measurements Details on integrating this function into PV Loop an
205. s Settings Dialog 8 Advanced Analysis 118 On the tabbed Artifact Removal dialog LabScribe2 can remove cycles that are likely to be misinterpreted due to artifacts i lt Rate bpm lt 200 z in the recording Individual cycles that fall ui outside expected values for Rate R Amplitude Activity and Noise will not be 10000 lt Activity lt 10000 displayed or included in the averaged Nose lt 106511 values Activity and Noise are both Channels Settings Artifact Removal Detection Algorithms Results lt RaAmplitude lt measures of fluctuation from a continuous trace ECG Calculations Artifact Removal dialog Default values are entered in the Artifact Removal dialog These values can be changed by entering new values in the text boxes manually or by clicking on the Plot button to display the Artifact Graph in the graph area of the ECG Calculations Dialog The parameters that are graphed are those entered in the Plot boxes of the Artifact Removal dialog The red box in the Artifact Graph can be re sized to exclude cycles represented by outlying data points Artifact Graph On the tabbed Detection Algorithms dialog e The default algorithms used to place markers at specific locations in the ECG are 0 22796 2 of R Amplitude displayed Channels Settings Artifact Removal Detection Algorithms Results Begin of F wave IsoElectric Cross
206. s and vice versa 1 The Display Units When used with Worx hardware LabScribe2 functions as a calibrated voltmeter which means Conversion _ the software will accurately display the exact voltage that the user presents to the analog to digital converter The displayed and default units will always be volts While this is useful in many cases it is not always the appropriate unit for the data being recorded If LabScribe2 is used to record the output of a transducer designed to measure a physical parameter such as force or pressure other units are more appropriate In these cases volts can be converted into milligrams grams or any other units LabScribe2 can handle these conversions easily provided that the function that converts voltage into units appropriate to the transducer is linear LabScribe2 offers several options for Units Conversion They are listed in the Units submenu of the Channel Menu e Invert Inverts the trace Invert R Simple Opens the Simple Units Conversion dialog advanced Set Offset e Advanced Opens the Advanced Units Conversion Dialog OFF fall blocks ae e Set Offset Allows the user to set an offset required by certain transducers The Units submenu e Off all blocks Turns all units conversions off To convert voltage input to real units in the Simple Units Conversion dialog using 2 point calibration e Record a portion of data at two known values In the case of an o
207. s example e Choose the program to launch in this case Microsoft Excel Browse on your computer until you find the program file The path of the chosen file will be shown next to the browse button e Specify any additional parameters you want applied to this program such as the exprted data file Note Exporting in Excel text and DADISP format creates multiple files one for each block e Set the working directory for the program if needed e Click the Add button to add this scripting shortcut to the menu You can add many such shortcuts e You can change the order in which the shortcuts appear in the menu using the keyboard UP and DOWN buttons 99 Chapter 8 Advanced Analysis Overview AutoMarks Calculations LabScribe2 includes routines designed to analyze data related to specific physiological processes Separately licensed routines analyze PV Loops Pressure Volume Loops intravas cular Blood Pressure ECG data and Metabolic recordings The Normalization module accessed by right clicking in a data channel and selecting Normalization calibrates and standardizes the diameter of small vessels for experiments using wire myographs AutoMark Peaks analyzes recordings with peak data Except for the Normalization module these Advanced Analysis routines can be accessed from the Advanced menu These analyses often require the detection of specific events within a recording LabScribe2 applies algorithms to find the points or
208. s reduces the screen resolution by half but doubles the amount of data that you see on the screen The display time can be doubled as many times as requested until the limit of the maximum size of the data file or 1 000 000 data points are displayed on one screen By default the maximum number of data points that may be displayed on the screen is 100 000 This can be changed on the Options page of the Preferences Dialog The Double Display Time command can also be accessed through the View menu s Display submenu e In Two Cursor Mode clicking the Zoom Between Cursors icon fills the display with the data located between the cursors You can undo the Zoom Between Cursors by choosing Undo Zoom Between Cursors in the Display submenu in the View menu There is a scrollbar at the bottom of the window that can be used to scroll through the data Scrolling can also be achieved by holding down the CRTL key COMMAND on the Macintosh and clicking and dragging in the graph window 2 3 Acquisition Two examples demonstrating the use of the Display Time feature are illustrated below In the first example a human electrocardiogram is recorded with a 160 second screen time Notice that the record is compressed and it is impossible to resolve detail in individual events By clicking Half Display Time five times the screen time is reduced from 160 seconds to about five seconds making individual events clearly visible TA Sample ECG IWX214 None L
209. s unit Ideally when a sensor puts out zero volts the value of the converted units would also be zero For many sensors this is true However there are many sensors that can have their offset Apply units to new data Apply units to all blacks slope gt h o00000 changed by ambient conditions such as changing Offset gt 0 000000 barometric pressure To correct for sensor offset determine the value in converted units that LabScribe2 Unit Mame vot reports on the screen when the sensor should be reading zero Enter this value in the offset area of the Units Conversion dialog window The Simple Units Conversion dialog window showing the offset only configuration e The units are always applied to the selected block s To apply the units to all blocks select the Apply units to all blocks checkbox To apply units to new data which will be recorded select the Apply units to new data checkbox e Click OK to exit the dialog Sometimes it is necessary to keep the units conversion relationship and change the offset like turning the offset control on an amplifier For example to set a particular region to zero e Set the two cursors around the desired region of data e Right click anywhere in the data channel select Units from the Channel Menu or left click on the Value Display Area of the Channel Bar to open the Units sub menu e Select Simple from the Units submenu of the Channel menu Simple Units Conversi
210. s w The Auto Find dialog window AUTO FIND EXERCISE As an example the Auto Find routine can be used to place cursors on all the R waves in an ECG record and to measure the period T2 T1 of each beat 1 Manually place the cursors on the two successive R waves at the beginning of the record 2 The next two data points that are needed for measuring the next period T2 T1 are the first data point in the next period the second R wave from the preceding period and the next maximum value or R wave in succession the second R wave in the next period 3 Therefore to make accurate measurements on the next period the Auto Find window is programmed to set the Cursor 1 position to be Old Cursor 2 and the Cursor 2 position to be the Next Max 4 After the number of repetitions specified or the specified end of the Auto Find routine is reached the Auto Find routine can be saved by clicking Save on the dialog window The named Auto Find routines are saved as iwxfind files and can be called by clicking on the Load button in the dialog window 98 Other Analysis Tools Managing Scripts 7 Analysis It is impossible to include all of the possible analyses and plotting capabilities required for biological research in a single program We provide what we believe to be useful tools for completing the most common kinds of analyses For circumstances where the built in analysis tools fall short of the user s requirements LabScribe2 h
211. seq Off m Speed 200 s sec Display Time 25 600 sec Mark w T2 T1 19 750 sec F Pulse DING 2 C SutoScale Cadd Function W2 NL 0 000 Yolk o 8 0 4 o 0 4 7 Blood Pressure BP Mark DING E Y2 Y1 20 464 mmHg H 22115 1300 a221 530 adiar 930 azi ag 330 2240 730 TimeofFile lt The height of the data displays for two channels in the Main Window as set by the default setting upper figure and after the handle for Channel 2 was moved up lower figure 1 The Display Cursors Many of the features of LabScribe2 allow the user to label measure compare and analyze specific data points or regions LabScribe2 uses Cursors to identify and isolate the data points of interest Cursor Modes Cursors are the vertical blue lines that pass through all channels Icons in the Toolbar allow you to choose between using Single Cursor or Two Cursor Modes Two Cursor Mode Single Cursor Mode Cursor controls on the Main Window Toolbar Single Cursor Mode e To access Single Cursor Mode click on the Single Cursor Mode icon in the Toolbar e The Value Display Area on the right side of each channel bar displays the voltage of the data point that is intersected by the cursor in that channel The Clock Area in the upper right hand corner of the Main Window displays the corresponding time e Single Cursor Mode is used to determine values and to place marks in the record after recording has stopped Two Curso
212. set the zero line of the Volume channel This is necessary because the output of the air flow sensor is always offset and any offset causes the Volume channel which is based on an integral function to display a volume change even though no air is flowing through the sensor e The Volume integral can also be programmed to reset after a certain time or with every cycle During spirometry experiments the volume trace drifts upward because the volume of exhaled air is larger than the volume of inhaled air Cooler inhaled air at room temperature occupies less volume than warmer exhaled air The Volume integral can drift up and out of view as it reports correct values unless a periodic reset is employed Unless this drift is occurring it is best not to reset the Volume calculation The calculation of VO5 Breath by Breath or VCO Breath by Breath functions is a very similar process To set up the VO2 Breath by Breath or the VCO2 Breath by Breath functions e Choose VO Breath by Breath or VCO5 Breath by Breath from the Spirometry submenu This opens the appropriate Metabolic Calculation Output Dialog 6 Computed Channels 69 Metabolic Output Calculation Dialog Oxygen Channel z Concentration 4 Volume Channel Lung Yolumes STPD w weight 100 Z kg O2 Conc in Inhaled Air 21 ho Use percentage of Max and Mean Tolerance Threshold Use absolute values Threshold 67 Percentage of data viewed in graph Tole
213. should be accurate in most areas of the trace Move the Cursor into the section where you flexed your fingers and read the rate in this section It will probably not be accurate because the movement artifact will prevent an accurate assessment of rate in this location 5 Open the Periodic setup dialog again by clicking on the Mode Function button on the Rate channel opening the Functions menu Choose Setup Function from the top of the list This will open the setup dialog Enable Artifact Removal and enter minimum and maximum rates of 50 and 150 respectively Click OK 6 Move the cursor so that it is in the section where you flexed your fingers The rate here should now read the same as the rate to either side of the flexing and is a much more accurate appraisal of your heart rate 7 Open the Periodic setup dialog again by clicking on the Mode Function button on the Rate channel opening the Functions menu Choose Setup Function from the top of the list opening the setup dialog 8 Adjust the Threshold and Tolerance so that the Threshold and Tolerance lines pass through both the larger and smaller waves Click OK 9 Move the cursor around the Rate channel again checking the rate in the Value Display area of the Rate Channel Bar The rate should now be indicating approximately twice the actual heart rate You can see why it is necessary to adjust the Threshold so it is greater than the maximum peaks of the smaller waves If you had been determi
214. sis is the extraction of the relevant data points or regions of interest from the raw data The Find dialog window is accessed by selecting Find from the Tools menu Data points of interest can be identified using commands from the Find Dialog window Find Dialog First set Cursord New Cursor Position Next Max C Add mark at Cursori Mext Pos Threshold Next Meg Threshold Prey Pos Threshold Move Cursor to new CujPrev Neg Threshold new Cursor 2 position New Cursor Position News Cursor 1 l a E 4dd mark at Cursor Position The Find Dialog In the Find Dialog each cursor in Two Cursor Mode is programmed individually to move to a location with designated data criteria with the Find Next command in the Tools menu or by its keyboard shortcut CONTROL F in Windows or COMMAND F on the Macintosh To configure the Find Dialog e In the top part of the dialog set the New Cursor 1 positon to the type of data point or Mark you want Cursor 1 to locate e In the lower part of the dialog set the New Cursor 2 position to the type of data point or Mark you want Cursor 2 to locate e Setting the New Cursor 2 location to the New Cursor 1 position enables the user to repeatedly find specific data points over and over as the cursors will move as one to the positions designated for Cursor 1 Setting the New Cursor 2 positon at the next incidence of the type of data you are looking for which is not necessarily the same
215. so specific data of interest must be easily located and retrieved to be useful To locate and identify specific sections of data it is possible to put marks on the data while LabScribe2 is recording Marks can also be inserted and edited after the recording has stopped Marks can be placed on the recording without interrupting data recording e As soon as the Record button is clicked and data recording begins LabScribe2 sets an active text cursor in the Marks text box to the right of the Mark button on the Main Window In the Marks text box the user can type a comment describing an upcoming step in the experiment e The Mark is placed on the recording when the ENTER or RETURN key on the keyboard is pressed or the Mark button is clicked The mark will be signified by a vertical black line that is inserted on the data at the moment the ENTER key is pressed or the Mark button is clicked e When recording is halted the typed comment that was loaded into the Marks text box prior to the event can be seen in the Text Display Area at the bottom of the screen Mark a The Mark button and text box If you know the marks that you will be adding to the record prior to recording you can store the marks text as preset marks To create a preset mark e Type the mark text in the Marks text box and choose the Add to Mark Presets option in the menu that opens by clicking on the arrow to the right of the Mark buiton This will save t
216. spired Op and CO levels aa n e Clicking Calculate on the Settings tabbed page displays the chosen Height cm 160 x parameters in the Data Table A basic Metabolic graph showing Weight ka 80 2 Relative VO Relative VCO and RER as a function of time is Insp 02 20 9 E displayed in the graph area of the dialog Insp CO2 0 04 4 Calculate Status The Metabolic Settings dialog 8 Advanced Analysis 124 On the tabbed Results panel Channels Settings Results Metabolic Text Report e The Settings information will already have been Date 04 24 08 Patient Information entered Mame n oe e Additional information about the experiment can be Height 160 cm 62 9921 in added to this panel Weight 80 kg 176 Ibi BMI 31 25 Average Every 30 sec Test Enviornment Insp G2 20 90 Insp COZ 0 04 So Baro Pressure 760 0 mmHg Insp Temp 24 0 mmHg Insp Humidity 22 5 mmHg The Metabolic Results panel To create a graph of selected data Copy Graph view METABOLIC e Click the down arrow at the lower left corner of the graph area of the dialog ERTE to open the graph menu WE vs Yor VE vs VCO2 e Choose the parameters to be plotted from the list Descriptions of the i ae Ge variables can be found at the end of this section WS WE vs Watts e Choose Metabolic to display a graph of basic metabolic parameters as a HR WOSIHF vs Watts YOZ WoO vs Watts VENWOZ VECO vs Watts REE vs
217. starts Clicking Fire while recording will send the stimulus defined by the parameters in the Control Panel It is necessary to click on Apply when the parameters are changed Otherwise clicking on Fire will send an unchanged stimulus Tain o Amp4 S 5 S Wms 100 Fell s3 Poull HPO gt The Stimulator Train Control Panel Amp Amplitude of the stimulus pulse in Volts p Number of pulses in each Train W ms Width of the pulse in milliseconds ms F Hz Frequency of the pulses in each train in Hertz Hz R Number of Trains or Repeat Count IP Dur InterTrain or inter protocol duration HP Holding potential is the voltage that pulses start from and return to Apply Applies any changes to the Stimulus protocol made to the Stimulator Control Panel This button changes to Fire when recording starts Clicking Fire while recording will send the stimulus defined by the parameters in the Control Panel It is necessary to click on Apply when the parameters are changed Otherwise clicking on Fire will send an unchanged stimulus r Step Control Panel Constant Voltage Mode Control Panel Ramp Mode Control Panel 5 The Stimulator wala ado S stepd5 wis 100 Fel aAa Pouli HPO al a The Stimulator Step Control Panel A1 The Starting Amplitude of each protocol A2 The Stopping Amplitude of each protocol steps Number of Steps in each protocol W ms Width of each S
218. ta time e Click OK 6 Computed Channels 70 MultiPoint Calibration Using the MultiPoint Calibration Function Channel Math 6 Computed Channels MultiPoint Calibration can be used to perform both linear and non linear calibration of sensors transducers amplifiers and other equipment It can also be used to check if an existing sensor s Output is linear Multipoint Units Conversion Dialog a ae convert Mean w between cursors alibrated Yalu B53 131836 5 000000 459 215210 10 000000 990 314392 20 000000 1961 177956 40 000000 Fit y m x c jeg wto data Equation y 0 020283x 0 171167 R Value 0 999703 Sum of Squared Errors 0 427020 The Multipoint Units Conversion Dialog To use the MultiPoint Calibration function e Place the cursors in the raw data graph such that the Mean Max or Min value between the cursors or the difference between the cursor values is a calibrated value The Current Value will be displayed in the text box following between cursors e Enter the Calibrated Value in the next text area Set the units in the last text area e Click the Convert button to add the Current Value and the Calibrated Value to the table Repeat this procedure for all values that you want to calibrate e Once the table has been populated you can select the equation you want to fit to the raw data and then click on the Fit button LabScribe2 will try to fit the selected
219. ta to File and Journal opens the same dialog and sends data to both the Journal and the chosen file The specific data values that are sent depends on whether the data are being sent from the Main or Analysis Window 10 The Journal and Data Export 136 Printing and Saving the Journal From the Main Window e Choosing Add All Data to Journal from the Tools menu sends the titles of each channel and each channel s data values to the specified location s In Single Cursor mode the ampitude values at the Cursor from all channels are sent In Two Cursor Mode the difference in amplitude values between the two cursors Cursor 2 Cursor 1 from all channels are sent e Choosing Add Title to Journal from the Tools menu sends the titles of all channels to the specified location s From the Analysis Window e Choosing Add All Data to Journal from the Tools menu or from any of the Channel Menus accessed by clicking on the arrow on the left side of any of the Channel Bars or right clicking in any of the channels sends the channel titles and the values from the Table Functions data boxes in the Channel Bars of all channels to the specified location s e Choosing Add Title to Journal from the Tools menu or from any of the Channel Menus sends the Title s from the Table Functions data box title bar to the specifed location s e Choosing Add Ch Data to Journal from a channel menu sends that channel s title and Table Functions data box values
220. tection Algorithms and Results On the tabbed Channels dialog O Selection Complete Block ECG Calculations Channels Dialog On the tabbed Settings dialog Channels Settings Artifact Removal Detection Algoritt average 6 S beats v selected ECG into the text boxes of the dialog Typical QRS width 80 ms P e e In order to compensate for variation from cycle to cycle it is etzecken 120 lamas possible for LabScribe2 to average a user selected number of Maximum P R 240 ms sequential cycles This number should be entered in the Average Maximum RT 400 ms text box QTctype Bazett vi Enter the number of cycles that should be used to determine the Measure ST Elevation at 50 ms after QRS Cycle Detection Threshold Sensitivity If each cycle is not being Cycle Detection Threshold Sensitivity 2 detected properly the sensitivity can be adjusted 0 90 0 92 0 96 0 92 0 94 n on 0 58 0 57 0 59 0 58 0 53 nan 0 11 0 10 0 11 0 11 0 10 Ain Artifact Channels Settings Artifact Removal e Select the ECG channel you wish to analyze and whether you want to ECG Channel analyze the entire block or the sample between the cursor e Click Load Presets to load default values appropriate to the e Changes to the default values can be entered manually into the appropriate boxes ECG Calculation
221. tep in milliseconds ms F Hz Frequency of protocols in Hertz Hz R Number of Step protocols or Repeat Count IP Dur Inter protocol duration time between staircases HP Holding potential is the voltage that Steps start from and return to Apply Applies any changes to the Stimulus protocol made to the Stimulator Control Panel This button changes to Fire when recording starts Clicking Fire while recording will send the stimulus defined by the parameters in the Control Panel It is necessary to click on Apply when the parameters are changed Otherwise clicking on Fire will send an unchanged stimulus Apply Constant Amplitude 4 The Stimulator Constant Voltage Control Panel Amplitude Amplitude of the constant voltage Apply Applies any changes to the Stimulus protocol made to the Stimulator Control Panel This button changes to Fire when recording starts Clicking Fire while recording will send the stimulus defined by the parameters in the Control Panel It is necessary to click on Apply when the parameters are changed Otherwise clicking on Fire will send an unchanged stimulus Apply OF Stim1 Ramp as azi S Risetime 1 NumRamps 3 IRimsi4 S HPS 3 The Stimulator Ramp Control Panel Ramp mode is avalable only on some Worx data acquisition units A1 The Starting Amplitude of each protocol A2 The Stopping Amplitude of each protocol Rise time The time taken to go from the Starting Amp
222. th used in the calibration of the gas analyzer AutoCorrelation FER piine Energy Estimate e STPD Vol Human Body Respiratory air flow Cardiac normalized to standard temperature EEG Gain Telegraph e VO Breath by Breath Online continuous DigitalInput calcualtion of the rate of oxygen consumption Cross Time ChannelCalculation l l TemplateMatch e VCO Breath by Breath Online continuous calcu PYLoop lation of the rate of carbon dioxide production Timeshift Channel Event Marker e RER Respiratory Exchange Ratio VCO VO3 Sonomicrometry d The Spirometry submenu Energy Estimate Mathematical estimate of energy expenditure based on rates of oxygen consumption and carbon dioxide production To apply a Spirometry function to a channel click on the add function button in the Channel Bar or on the Channel page in the Preferences Dialog Select Spirometry from the add function menu Each of the Spirometry functions requires configuration in the appropriate dialog window The calibration dialogs for the volume functions ATP Vol Human Body ATP Vol Syringe and STPD Vol Human Body are quite similar 6 Computed Channels 68 Spirometer Calibration Dialog Type of Flowhead 300 liters Spirometer Calibration 1 Liter 0 225000 valts No Reset st Use first 20 000000 seconds as zero aa Atmospheric Pressure 760 000000 mmHg Temperature of Inhaled 4ir 24 000000 deg Temperature of
223. the bottom of the page ten successive Scope sweeps Select the state titled Inc Pulse Amplitude under Stim 1 from the list of States on the left side of the page Click on the button Add State to Sequence to add the state to the CAPRecruit Sequence Return to the Main window select the CAPRecruit sequence from Sequences control on the Toolbar Click the Record button The program records displays and saves the ten progressively larger stimulus pulses on 9 Click on the Analysis icon in the toolbar to view the sweeps recorded for each stimulus amplitude Output sequences page of the Preferences dialog window Preferences Dialog Current Sequence CAPRecruit Skates Name State Mark HF General Pulse Amplitude Pulse Amplitude Start Amplitude Start Amplitude Stop Amplitude Stop Amplitude Holding Potential Holding Potential Clinc Mum Steps a n DoubleClick the checkbox to change the Mark Fire Stop Inc Pulse Amplitude Dec Inc Dec Inc Dec Inc Dec Inc Mum Steps m Pulse Amplitude Stop Amplitude Holding Potential Holding Potential Current Output Sequence P Add State to Sequence Remove State from Sequence moa nee 0 For continous Stimi Inc Pulse Amplitude Repeat Count fi 61 Chapter 6 Computed Channels Overview LabScribe2 makes it possible to take all of the data in a channel and apply a transfor
224. the parameters in the Control Panel It is necessary to click on Apply when the parameters are changed Otherwise clicking on Fire will send an unchanged stimulus Experiments are often designed to record the response of a cell or a tissue to progressively larger or more frequent stimuli In these cases parameters of the stimulus are changed before each recording of the cell s response to the next stimulus The Sequences Preferences a tabbed page in the Preferences dialog window can be used to automatically change param eters of the D A Converter stimuli For example excitable tissues like nerves and muscles are composed of multiple fibers each with a different diameter conduction velocity and threshold Fibers with higher thresholds require a larger stimulus to evoke their action potentials Increasing the amplitude of the stimulus sent to the excitable tissue will cause more fibers in the tissue to fire This is known as recruitment and is measured as an increase in the amplitude of the tissue s compound action potential The Sequences Preferences page is used to build Sequences that instruct LabScribe2 to automate Sequences of commands The user can name a Sequence and build a Sequence of pre defined States that is triggered by selecting the Sequence from the Toolbar in the Main Window Refer to the Digital Input and Output chapter for a more detailed discussion of building Sequences in LabScribe2 Included in the pre defined States are
225. tic notch LYEDP Notch Pressure Systolic Duration e Max dP dt Max dP dt The smoothed derivative of the Diastolic Duration pressure Channel is calculated using 2 points on either Cycle Duration l EEA side of any given point Max dP dt is the steepest slope Ti aoe as pressure increases and Min dP dt is the steepest Tau Mirsky slope as pressure decreases Time To Peak Ejection Time e Mean Pressure Mean pressure in the cycle Pct Recovery Tension Time Index Relaxation Time e MAP Mean arterial pressure dPdT dPdT B e Contractility Index Max dP dt Pressure at Max dP dt Isovolumetric Time Offline Calculations Options Dlalog e Relaxation Index Min dP dt Pressure at Min dP dt e Pulse Height Amplitude of each beat e End Systolic Pressure ESP Value of the Pressure channel at the end of systole 8 Advanced Analysis 114 End Diastolic Pressure EDP Value of the Pressure channel at end of diastole e Developed Pressure Difference between the systolic pressure and the left ventricular end diastolic pressure SYS LVEDP e LVEDP Left Ventricular End Diastolic Pressure e Notch Pressure Pressure at the dicrotic notch e Diastolic Duration Time between Min dP dt and the end of the cycle e Cycle Duration Time between any two analogous points in two cycles often the end of diastole e Tau Weiss P t Aexp t Tau e Tau Logistic P t Aexp t Tau B e Tau Glantz Reg
226. tion could be used to determine the time T2 T1 between two events Occasionally R waves in an ECG have significantly higher amplitudes than the other R waves in the same recording The Find function could be used to measure the time between adjacent supranormal R waves To find these durations 1 Use the LabScribe2 ECG Tutorial to create an ECG recording 2 AutoScale the ECG recording and transfer the data of interest from the ECG recording from the Main Window to the Analysis Window 3 Select the calculations T1 T2 T2 T1 to be performed on the data from the Table Functions list 4 Pull down the Tools menu and select the Find function 5 Program the cursor positions To find the next supranormal R wave in the data the Cursor 1 position is set equal to Next Max The New Cursor 2 position is also set to Next Max and the data channel is selected 6 Adjust the threshold amplitudes for both cursors above which the Find function will Find the Next Max so that only the supranormal R waves are above the threshold Name and save the Find routine 7 Click the Find button to place the cursors and to display the values for the selected Table Functions at the top of the Analysis window 8 Copy values and their headings to the Journal via the Add Title to Journal and Add Data to Journal functions in the right click menu of the Analysis window 97 Auto Find Dialog Window 7 Analysis 9 The Find Next command will shift both curs
227. to go to LabScribe2 will find the data point associated with that mark and display that section of data in the Main Window e Alternatively select the mark in the Marks Dialog and click on Go To Mark Positioning On presentations or printed copies of the data record it is useful to position the text of the Mark comment associated with a mark directly over the data to which it applies This is particularly Comments useful if more than one channel of data was recorded and the mark does not apply to all channels To position marks on the trace e After recording has stopped the mark text associated with the mark immediately preceding the displayed data appears in the Text Display Area at the bottom of the Main Window Click on the mark text in the Text Display Area and drag it up into the data area of the record allowing the mark to be read and printed in any window in which the data appear e Sometimes it is necessary to return the marks in a particular view to the Text Display Area at the bottom of the Main Window To do this click on the arrow next to the Mark button and choose Reset Location of Displayed Marks This command returns only the marks on the data window of the visible screen of data to the bottom of the Main Window All other marks will remain where they were originally positioned e You can also reset the location of marks from the Marks sub menu of the View menu BP_Determination IWX 714 None LabScribe Fi
228. to the specified location s e These three Journal commands can also be displayed by clicking on any of the Table Functions data boxes in a Channel Bar Images of the raw data and computed channels can also be added to the Journal e Choosing Add Image to the Journal from the Tools menu sends an image of all the raw data and computed channels on the visible screen to the Journal from either the Main or Analysis Window e Choosing Copy Graph from any of the Channel Menus will send an image of that channel to the clipboard The image can then be pasted into the Journal or an external application The Journal can be printed by using the Print Journal command in the File menu The Journal can be saved as a web page in html format or as an XML file in xml format by selecting Save as in the File menu and choosing a format from the Save as type drop down menu in the Save as dialog By moving images and calculated values to the Journal and adding typed comments from the keyboard an entire lab report can be created without ever leaving LabScribe2 Cutting Copying and Pasting LabScribe2 supports cutting and copying e Choosing Copy in the Edit menu will copy an image of all raw data and computed channels to the clipboard This image can then be pasted into the Journal by using the Paste icon in the Journal s toolbar or into an external application e In LabScribe2 pasting is supported only in the Journal To paste the cop
229. toolbar with a number of metabolic parameters opens above the uppermost raw data channel These values are continually updated during recording V Metabolic Time Abs vO2 L Abs CO2 L Rel O2 mi ka min Rel CO2 mi ka min RER REE METS FeO2Min lt FL The Metabolic Online Toolbar Clicking on the down arrow on the left side of the Metabolic toolbar will display a submenu with three choices e Setup Opens the Online Metabolic Calculations Setup dialog e AutoSize Adjusts the size of the Metabolic toolbar title and data boxes e Set Font Size The user can change the size of the font in the Metabolic toolbar data boxes 8 Advanced Analysis 122 To use Breath by Breath Online Calculations e Set up the channels to be displayed in the Main Window through the Spirometry computed channels process Refer to the Spirometry instructions beginning on page 68 in the Chapter 6 Computed Channels e While in the Main Window select Metabolic from the Advanced menu Choose Breath by Breath Online Calculations from the Metabolic submenu The Metabolic toolbar will open above the uppermost data channel e Click on the down arrow at the left of the data bar and choose Setup from the menu This will open the Online Metabolic Calculations Setup dialog Online Metabolic Calculations Setup Calculations CO Channel CO Concentration o 4 e E Time O Channel O Concentration i Abs vo bs Woo V
230. tricular measurements in Conductance even very small animals However the raw conductance measurements need to be converted to Volume Data volumes and it is necessary to correct for the conductance contributions parallel conductance of surrounding heart structures One method of calibration uses cuvettes of known volumes When conductance catheters are inserted in cuvettes of known volumes it is possible to convert the conductances to calibrated volumes It is also possible to get calibrated volumes from conductance measurements through the use of Baan s equation which uses variables including the distance between the electrodes the resistivity of blood and the conductance measure ments to calculate calibrated volumes A slope factor Alpha is also necessary to adjust for the physical shape of a heart and the nature of the electric field itself To correct for the parallel conductance a bolus of hypertonic saline is injected into the blood before it reaches the ventricle and the change in conductance as it passes through the ventricle is measured and used to determine the parallel conductance or volume as the parallel conductance won t change while the blood conductance will change as a result of the saline passing through the ventricle 2 Mouse _Vp_sample IWX214 None LabScribe 2 File Edit View Tools Settings Advanced Help ae Gs lea EF Default View Seq Off Speed 1000s sec Display Time 2 013 sec Mark w T2 T1
231. ulation H Human Exercise Osmoregulation L52 3 Animal Muscle Animal Merve e t General Biology Ecology H ef Human Circulation E ruman a Human Exercise Human Kidney m E eee ere Human Muscle f Human Merwe Human Psychophysioloc iii E WIT The Settings manager e By default LabScribe2 will load the Settings folder in the LabScribe2 folder into the Settings library pane If you have previously created a folder for your own settings as described above you can add your settings folder to this settings library by clicking on the Add Folder to Library button and navigating to the desired folder location e Each experiment can have a a difficulty level and an aim associated with it These can be attached to the settings file in the Document Settings dialog accessed from the File menu The difficulty level for each setting is visible in the Difficulty column If you select a settings file the aim of the exercise is visible under the Available settings pane 4 Creating Your Own Preferences and Settings 46 Helper Files e To create a new settings group click the New button in the Current Settings Group area This will remove the current group and clear the Current Settings Group box Click Save to name the group it will be given a iwxgrp suffix and place the settings group file in the folder with your settings e To load an existing group click on the Load button in the Current Settings Group area This
232. understand how to create and use Settings two terms need to be defined settings group and settings file A settings group is actually a simple text document that can contain links to individual settings files Each settings file is a collection of settings for performing an exper iment and is configured by using display controls and the options on the various pages of the Preferences Dialog The settings contained in a file determine the number and titles of channels in the LabScribe2 windows the sampling speed the units conversions the stimulator settings and more LabScribe2 experiments use preconfigured settings files Users can modify these settings or design their own settings groups and files They can also associate their own settings files with documentation experimental procedures protocols instructions lab exercises of their own design 4 Creating Your Own Preferences and Settings 45 Creating a The first step in creating a settings group is to create a settings file To create a settings file New Settings File e Configure LabScribe2 with the settings necessary to do the experiment For example go to the Channel page in the Preferences dialog window and select the number of channels needed their titles and any functions that are needed to display or interpret the data Stimulator settings sequence outputs a specific display arrangement and even options like the colors of channel bars and traces can be set through the pa
233. up Opens the Online PVLoop Setup dialog e AutoSize Adjusts the size of the PV Loop toolbar title and data boxes e Set Font Size Changes the size of the font in the PV Loop toolbar data boxes The criteria for setting up the PV Loops online calculations are entered into the Online Calculation Setup dialog Online Calculation Setup Calculations Pressure Channel LVP wt Beat 2 Heart Rate HR volume Channel Lw a End Systolic Pressure ESP End Diastolic Pressure EDP A Cycles to Average Max Pressure Prax Min Pressure Prin Export to Journal Ejection Fraction EF Set the thresholds For detecting a cycle using the two horizontal cursors Use percentage of Max and Min Scaling Use absolute values The Online Calculation Setup dialog To configure the Online Calculation Setup dialog e Choose the Pressure and the Volume channels the calculations to be performed online and whether these calculations should be exported to the Journal 8 Advanced Analysis 101 PVLoop Automarks e The Volume channel may be a recording from a conductance catheter or a recording in which ventricular volume has been determined in some other way for example from Sonomicrometry measurements refer to page 81 in Chapter 6 Computed Channels e When the Pressure channel is selected its graph will appear in the dialog Adjust the two horizontal threshold lines so that they are between each cycle s maximum and minimum L
234. ussion of the functions available e Units Used to convert two raw data values in volts to the corresponding calculated values in units appropriate to the data being recorded For more information refer to the Units Conversion discussion beginning on page 13 of Chapter 1 The Display e Color Sets the color of the channel s trace This can also be set from each individual Channel Menu Stimulator Page Some iWorx data acquisition units contain a Digital to Analog converter that can function as a stimulator for use in experiments on excitable tissues The stimulator s can be configured on the Stimulator page of the Preferences Dialog There are six stimulator protocols Pulse Train Constant Step Ramp and Triangle The appropriate parameter values for each of these modes can be preset and made part of a settings file Refer to Chapter 5 The Stimulator for information on programming the stimulator Views Page LabScribe2 can display various arrangments of the channels in the Main and Analysis Windows Refer to page 11 of Chapter 1 The Display for information on configuring Views 4 Creating Your Own Preferences and Settings 42 Sequences Page The operation of the internal stimulator and on Worx data acquisition units with digital outputs some external devices can be automated by building a sequence of events that is triggered by selecting the Sequence button on the Toolbar in the Main Window Refer to the Sequences sections of Chapter 5
235. utoScale and Zoom Out buttons e The Frequency Resolution drop down box allows setting the Frequency Resolution of the FFT from 10Hz to 0 01Hz e Checking the Normalize checkbox adjusts the vertical scale of the FFT Plot to a zero to one scale This standardized scale allows for direct comparisons with other FFT Plots that may have a different Y axis range Configuring the To configure the FFT View FFT View e Select the data to be operated upon by the program The Display Time controls are used to get the data of interest onto a single screen in the Main Window The selected data are moved to the FFT window by clicking the FFT icon on the LabScribe2 toolbar or by selecting FFT from the View menu e Once the primary data set is moved to the FFT window the two cursors on the linear graph of the data channel above the actual FFT plot can be used to fine tune the data selection Only the data between the cursors in the linear graph are actually used in the calculation The data displayed on the linear graph and available for the transform can be changed using the Display Time icons on the FFT window or the scroll bar under the linear graph If Snap To Grid is selected LabScribe2 selects the end point for the data selection 7 Analysis 93 e The cursors also delineate the values for the selected Table Functions displayed above the linear data channel graph The values and the titles can be copied to the Journal by using the functions in the Ch
236. w iworx com and enter the User Area register first if necessary All installers are available in the Software section of the User Area Note You will need to have administrative privileges to install LabScribe2 on some computers Contact your IT department for assistance or to confirm your administrator status Additionally Windows users will need permissions to write to C Users USERNAME AppData Local LabScribe2 Do not connect your iWorx hardware to the computer until AFTER the software installation is complete vii Windows To install the software using the CD ROM on a Windows computer e Insert the LabScribe2 installation CD e Double click on the Setup icon e Follow the prompts in the Setup Wizard to complete installation e Once you have completed the installation process remove the installation CD from the drive then connect and turn on your iWorx data acquisition unit Note When your hardware is connected for the first time Windows will advise you New Hardware found and proceed to load the driver automatically If for some reason Windows cannot locate the driver locate the appropriate drivers for your operating system in the iWorx LabScribe2 drivers folder in the Program Files folder on your C drive Macintosh OSX To install the software using the CD ROM on Macintosh OSX 10 3 or later e Insert the LabScribe2 installation CD e Copy the files from the CD to the Applications folder of your computer e Remove the install
237. wa res ae sale el NE TE a aa Artifact Removal _ Enable Artifact Removal 0 g Valid Rate bom lt 0 The HRV Power dialog e Choosing QRS Detector will open a channel showing only the QRS complexes Many more ECG parameters can be determined by choosing ECG Analysis in the Advanced menu Refer to the ECG Analysis section beginning on page 116 of Chapter 8 Advanced Analysis for a detailed discussion ECG Analysis is a separately licensed LabScribe2 module EEG In the EEG function submenu a frequency band is chosen representing a ie component of the electroencephalograph EEG Alpha Beta Theta Delta se Beta Low Beta Mid or Beta High For each selected band LabScribe2 Delta calculates the average power represented in the band and displays the Beta Low power value against time Both the individual band and the band s Power Beta Mid functions can be displayed through the use of the EEG function By Beta High displaying separate channels representing the bands it is possible to see Alpha Power the effect that behavior has on the separate components of the EEG Beta Power The EEG submenu Theta Power Delta Power Beta Low Power Beta Mid Power Beta High Power Using the EEG To apply the EEG function to a channel Functions 6 Computed Channels e Click on the add function button in the Channel Bar e Select EEG from the function list opening the EEG submenu e Choose one of th
238. will display different values depending on the state of the program e While recording the Value Display Area shows the value of the last data point collected e Offline in Single Cursor Mode the Value Display Area displays the Y axis value of the data point inter sected by the cursor e In Two Cursor Mode the Value Display Area displays the difference between the Y axis values inter sected by the two cursors Channel Sizing The amount of display area allotted to each channel in the Main Window can be controlled by clicking and dragging on the top of the Channel Bar e To change the allocated space for a channel position the cursor at the top of the Channel Bar until it becomes a double headed arrow e Click and drag this arrow up or down to resize the channel as illustrated in the figure on the next page 1 The Display 4 A BP_Determination 2 IWX214 None LabScribe2 PIB File Edit View Tools Settings Advanced Help EZ Me alla a Four ven m senott i Speed 200s sec Display Time 25 600 sec Mark T2 T1 19 750 sec F Pulse DING Q AutoScale Ladd function W2NL 0 000 Volt 0 5 0 5 O 4 O 2 O 4 V Blood Pressure BP Mark DING PB _autoScale Ladd Function 2 1 20 464 mmHg 200 150 100 H 22115 1300 a221 530 fare 930 azi ag 350 2240 730 FineorFie i laa BP_Determination 7 IWX 214 None LabScribe File Edit View Tools Settings Advanced Help Seu E Feu Yie
239. will open a dialog where you can choose the settings group to load Settings group files will have a iwxgrp suffix The settings files in the new settings group will now be displayed in the Current Settings Group window Settings files iwxset can be organized into categories within a group To create a new category in the settings group e Click on the Add Category button and name the category You can add settings files from the list of available settings to any category or at the root level Settings added to the root level are listed in the Current Settings Group below the designated categories e The category order can be changed by selecting a category in the Current Settings Group and moving it up or down the list with the Up or Down buttons Helper files are documents with experimental instructions diagrams and illustrations that can be linked to settings files and displayed on the computer screen when a settings file is selected When a preconfigured Worx settings group is loaded a pdf copy of each individual lab experiment is linked to the corresponding settings file in the settings group When you select a settings file to do a particular experiment a pdf copy of the linked helper file the experimental write up opens in Acrobat Reader You now have a set of instructions on the computer screen to follow as you do the experiment Alternatively the pdf file can be printed edited in a pdf editor or uploaded to a content mana
240. window menu with the following menu items e Add All Data to Journal Adds the data from the XY Graph Table Functions boxes to the Journal Add Title to Journal Adds the Table Functions titles to the Journal e Copy graph Copies the XY Graph to the Journal The functions selected in the add function list of the XY Graph window determine the calcula tions performed on the data points in the XY Graph The results of the selected calculations are displayed in the Table Functions data boxes above the XY Graph The following functions are available in the XY Graph window General e Y1 Value of the Y Axis channel at Cursor 1 e Y2 Value of the Y Axis channel at Cursor 2 e X1 Value of the X Axis channel at Cursor 1 e X2 Value of the X Axis channel at Cursor 2 e Y2 Y1 The difference in value of the Y Axis channel between the cursors e X2 X1 The difference in value of the X Axis channel between the cursors e MaxY Maximum value of the Y Axis channel between the cursors e MinY Minimum value of the Y Axis channel between the cursors e MeanY Mean or average value of the Y Axis channel between the cursors e MaxY MinY Difference between the maximum and minimum values of the Y Axis channel between the cursors e MaxX Maximum value of the X Axis channel between the cursors e MinX Minimum value of the X Axis channel between the cursors e MeanX Mean or Average value of the X Axis channel between the cursors e MaxX MinX D
241. xygen probe record output at two known concentrations such as zero and 100 oxygen saturation of water The recorded trace may look something like the figure below a O2Calibration IWX214 None LabScribe2 File Edit view Tools Settings Advanced Help a a aa I Default View Seq Off Speed SO0sfsec Display Time 32 720 sec Mark m v T2 T1 19 620 sec Oxygen DINS Ri AutoScale IQ add function Y2 1 1 484 volts 1 9 ETE ore ae 24 Bee 26 27 28 29 3 34 32 33 34 35 36 37 fy 0 00 msec 8 180 sec 16 360 sec 24 540 sec TimeOfFile v lt Loaded File O2Calibration iwxdata Data file of oxygen concentrations with cursors positioned at two known concentrations e Once recording is complete proceed to Two Cursor Mode in the Main Window by clicking on the Two Cursor icon in the Toolbar The Units Conversion dialog window cannot be entered without being in Two Cursor Mode e Position Cursor 1 over one of the known values and Cursor 2 over the other known value 1 The Display 13 1 The Display e Open the Channel Menu by clicking on the arrow on the left end of the Channel Bar or right click anywhere in the data channel and select Units from the Channel Menu The Units menu can also be accessed by left clicking on the Value Display Area of the Channel Bar e Select Simple to open the Simple Units Conversion dialog window e Select 2 point calibration from th
242. y The Power Setup Dialog In LabScribe2 this function works only off line The graphic interface in the Power Setup Dialog is similar to the one in the Filter Setup Dialog The band of frequencies selected from the Power Setup Dialog are not filtered but they are subjected to an FFT with an output known as a Power Number In addition to specifying the range of frequencies transformed the Frequency Resolution can be selected The higher the frequency resolution is the more data points are required to compute the FFT Therefore at slow sampling rates higher frequency resolutions may require the processing of more data points from longer recording periods Using the Power The Power function can only be applied offline To apply the Power function to a previously Function recorded channel e Click add function in the Channel Bar e Choose Power from the function list opening the Power Setup Dialog e Choose a Frequency Resolution Depending on the Frequency Resolution chosen the Power function will be applied to data samples of different durations e Choose a range of frequencies for which the Power function will determine the average Power amplitude frequency This can be done by adjusting the position of the colored area of the graph or entering the Low and High Cutoffs in the appropriate text boxes Click OK e The Power Number for each section of data will be graphed in the Power channel The duration of the sections is determine
243. y the functions selected with the add function button just above the left hand side of the first channel Functions are organized in three groups General Derivative and Integral Area By positioning the two cursors on the left and right edges of the data to be analyzed LabScribe2 will immediately calculate and display the values for the selected parameters in the Table Function data boxes of each channel s Channel Bar The primary features of the Analysis Window including those that differ from the Main Window are labeled in the figure on the next page 82 Toolbar Raw Data Channels Computed Channel Tile Stack The Analysis Window Channel Menus in the Analysis Window 7 Analysis ER Exercise IWX214 None LabScribe Table aala Functions File Edit View Tools Settings Advanced Help Title Bar oat matt E Lae a aR E oera view gt Mean euen o a LO M Men O t adi function 0 0113 0 1020 1 8760 0 9133 0 5793 1 Table 05 Functions g 02 Data FFl Boxes yad 0 0074 0 0685 1 8760 0 2070 0 0656 0 2726 Vot g Channel 3 Bar Y Heart Rate 76 1377 3 2292 1 8760 77 1208 73 8916 3 2292 bpm 81 6 80 4 amp 78 768 8 75 6 74 4 TAI JUL 3 38 899 Add ch Data to Journal Add Title to Journal Add All Data to Journal w Invert Copy Graph Hide Minimize Restore Size Title Color Units Scale d d 3

LabScribe2 User`s Manual - World Precision Instruments

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