Chapter 1 Basic Operation
Contents
1. 1 2 Memory WE Variables This calculator comes with 28 variables as standard You can use variables to store values to be used inside of calculations Variables are identified by single letter names which are made up of the 26 letters of the alphabet plus r and 0 The maximum size of values that you can assign to variables is 15 digits for the mantissa and 2 digits for the exponent Variable contents are retained even when you switch power off eTo assign a value to a variable Example To assign 123 to variable A fac G1 2 3 O ew ae 1234A oe Example gt To add 456 to variable A and store the result in variable B ac ana 4 GE 4 5 6 ew ee A 456 6 eTo display the contents of a variable Example To display the contents of variable A A A 123 eTo clear a variable Example To clear variable A o A A p e To clear all variables select Memory Usage from the MEM Mode eTo assign the same value to more than one variable value gt first variable name F3 last variable name Exe e You cannot use r or 0 as a variable name in the above operation 25 EFA memory P 31 Example To assign a value of 10 to variables A through F HOOF mw TaSAer BoD A a E Function Memory Function memory is convenient for temporary storage of often used expressions For longer term storage we recommend that you use the GRAPH Mode for expres sions and the PRGM Mode for programs2. eTo display the Function Memory Menu forts F6 gt Fe gt E3 FMEM STOJRCL J fr EEE F1 STO Stores functions 6E E E F23 RCL Recalls functions E3 fn 0000an Specifies input as a function F4 SEE Displays a list of stored functions eTo store a function Example To store the function A B A B as function memory number 1 PTN F6 gt F6 gt E3 FMEM fac SAE CAE CQ wens A E fw CB O CO a A wE 0 a F EEF See Fi F1 STO InC GE GE GT Fi F1 f1 Function Memors Tit CA B2CA Bo e If the function memory number you assign a function to already contains a func tion the previous function is replaced with the new one 26 Memory MIE eTo recall a function Example To recall the contents of function memory number 1 Cen F6 gt Fe gt E3 FMEM fac STOMRCL th FEE E3 E23 RCL fi re ra f4 fs fE Fi F 1 f1 SAHES AE i e The recalled function appears at the current location of the cursor on the display eTo display a list of available functions gt gt FMEM EN Fa gt FB gt FI FMEM TEAN EFIE F4 SEE Function Memory i CAtE 3 CA Bo pe TE STOJRCL fh EE eTo delete a function Example To delete the contents of function memory number 1 gt gt FMEM EN FB gt FS gt F3 FMEM Bo cau CW EEP EEE Fi F1 STO GCE EE Fi F1 f1 F F
3. Fi FQ F1 Xfct x axis enlargement reduction factor F2 Yfct y axis enlargement reduction factor 34 q P 296 q P 301 Variable Data VARS Menu BREZI eTo recall single paired variable statistical data Pressing F3 STAT while the variable data menu is on the screen displays a statis tical data menu STAT E l CTAA Fi F2 F3 Fi X Single paired variable x data menu F2 Y ee Paired variable y data menu F3 GRPH Statistical graph data menu PTS sessu Summary point data menu The following menu appears whenever you press F1 X while the statistical data menu is on the display i aman Fi n 00 Number of data E E E E5 F2 X eee Mean of x data F3 Ex ceasncsea Sum of x data 02 ae x data sum of squares F5 XOn x data population standard deviation D aenn Next menu e Per grin ER ce Fi xOn 1 x data sample standard E E3 E3 deviation F2 minX x data minimum value F3 maxX x data maximum value ee Previous menu The following menu appears whenever you press FF2 Y while the statistical data menu is on the display ER mmmn E F2 E3 4 E5 F F1 Mean of y data F2 Ly Sum of y data F3 Ly y data sum of squares E anon x data and y data sum of products F5 YOn y data population standard deviation eo ree
4. Display and Text Display The unit uses both a graphic display and a text display The graphic display is used for graphics while the text display is used for calculations and instructions The con tents of each type of display are stored in independent memory areas eTo switch between the graphic display and text display Press GOT You should also note that the key operations used to clear each type of display are different eTo clear the graphic display Press F4 Sketch F1 Cls Exe eTo clear the text display Press ac WE Editing Calculations Use the and keys to move the cursor to the position you want to change and then perform one of the operations described below After you edit the calculation you can execute it by pressing E5 or use to move to the end of the calculation and input more eTo change a step Example To change cos60 to sin60 cos 6 0 eos 66 0 i OOL ees 66 sin ein ae eTo delete a step Example To change 369 x x 2 to 369 x 2 o 0 o K K a Bess O fe H 23 EERI Before Starting Calculations eTo insert a step Example To change 2 36 to sin2 36 ocomm peno DOTTO peoo Ga e362 e When you press INS a space is indicated by the symbol 1 1 The next func tion or value you input is inserted at the location of 1 To abort the insert opera tion without inputting anything move the cursor press INS again or press or Eg 24
5. gt lt m I l p J T Strt pend a eTo recall recursion formula table range and table content data Pressing gt and then F2 RECR while the variable data menu is on the screen displays a recursion data menu gt E3 RECR S E 1h Fi F2 F3 F1 FORM Recursion formula data menu F2 RANG Table range data menu F3 Rest Matrix of table contents R Result command 38 Variable Data VARS Menu BREZI To recall recursion formula data The following menu appears whenever you press F1 FORM while the recursion data menu is on the display RA P 250 Fi FORM EA ENM TA br pra an F1 an ee an expression E E3 F3 E5 F3 an wee Aan expression F3 am2 wo dn2 expression Dn aaaeeeaa bn expression F5 Drs wc bn expression Dm oen bn 2 expression To recall table range data The following menu appears whenever you press F2 RANG while the recursion data menu is on the display RA P 251 F3 RANG End as EN ERA t Fi Strt Table range start value E E E3 F5 Base a i a z F Start command Table range end value F End command Zero term ao value First term a value Second term a2 value Next menu A Per Pe mE AEN t Fi E E3 4 E5 F Zero term bo value First term b value Second term bz value Origin of an recursion formula convergence divergence graph WEB graph Origin of ba recursio
6. Chapter am Basic Operation 1 1 Before Starting Calculations 1 2 Memory 1 3 Option OPTN Menu 1 4 Variable Data VARS Menu 1 5 Program PRGM Menu 1 1 Before Starting Calculations Before performing a calculation for the first time you should use the Set Up Screen to specify the angle unit and display format WE Setting the Angle Unit Angle 1 Display the Set Up Screen and use the and keys to highlight Angle Fi Deg Specifies degrees aS RE default F2 Rad Specifies radians as default i rad ora F3 Gra Specifies grads as default F F3 F3 2 Press the function key that corresponds to the angle unit you want to use e The relationship between degrees grads and radians is shown below 360 27 radians 400 grads 90 7 2 radians 100 grads WE Setting the Display Format Display 1 Display the Set Up Screen and use the and keys to highlight Display Fi Fix Displays screen for specifi ERE a a cation of number of decimal places F2 Sci Displays screen for specifi To mor cation of number of signifi Fi F2 F3 cant digits F3 Norm Switches exponential format display range Eng Displays calculation results using engineering notation 2 Press the function key that corresponds to the display format you want to use 16 Before Starting Calculations 1 1 To speci
7. Fi YES to clear the data or NO to abort the operation without clearing anything 30 1 3 Option OPTN Menu The option menu gives you access to scientific functions and features that are not marked on the calculator s keyboard The contents of the option menu differ according to the mode you are in when you press the key eOption Menu in the RUN and PRGM Modes OPTN LIST AMAT aa aA GE t RA Fi F2 F3 F5 P 263 Fi LIST List function menu P 101 F2 MAT Matrix operation menu P80 F3 CPLX Complex number calculation menu CALC Functional analysis menu P 307 F5 STAT Paired variable statistical estimated value menu gt coer Next menu F6 gt HYP PROB JHU JAH LS oe RA BB A P 56 F2 HYP Hyperbolic calculation menu P 52 F3 PROB Probability distribution calculation menu P 53 NUM Numeric calculation menu P 53 F5 ANGL Menu for angle coordinate conversion sexagesimal input con version Seer Next menu MA EDA EN aa P 54 F1 ESYM Engineering symbol menu F F2 F3 P159 F2 PICT Graph save recall menu P 26 F3 FMEM Function memory menu P61 LOGIC Logic operator menu eee Previous menu Note that the key is disabled while binary octal decimal or hexadecimal is set as the default number system 31 1 3 Option OPTN Menu eOption Menu during numeric data input in the STAT MAT LIST TABLE RECU
8. Next menu 35 BRIEF Variable Data VARS Menu a CELE Miik ERN E F1 YOn y data sample standard E E3 E3 deviation F2 minY y data minimum value F3 maxY y data maximum value a EETA Previous menu The following menu appears whenever you press F3 GRPH while the statistical data menu is on the display F3 GRPH F1 a F5 e Statistical graph regression coefficient and multinomial coefficients gt ere Next menu Pr Poa Med Ga Mod Hike Statistical graph correlation E EJ E3 E5 AA coefficient P 301 F3 Q1 00 First quartile F3 Med Median of input data 5 Third quartile F5 Mod Mode of input data ere Previous menu The following menu appears whenever you press PTS while the statistical data menu is on the display PTS FD F03 Coordinates of sum EB E E3 F5 mary points MA eTo recall graph functions P 132 Pressing GRPH while the variable data menu is on the screen displays a graph function menu GRPH 36 Variable Data VARS Menu BREZI Input a storage area number and then press one of the following function keys to recall the corresponding graph function stored in that storage area Fi Y 0 0 2 Rectangular coordinate or inequality function F2 7 icia Polar coordinate function F3 Xt Parametric graph function Xt Ai EEEN Parametric graph function Yt F5 X X constant gra
9. R and EQUA Modes 0 Se a OF OP eR Fi E Fs 4 E5 F ESV hg Fer LOGI Ce E F2 F3 The meanings of the option menu items are described in the sections that cover each mode eOption Menu during formula input in the GRAPH DYNA TABLE and RECUR Modes OPTN List CALC JH PJPROR JHU oe Fi E 3 4 E5 F r AE e E E3 The meanings of the option menu items are described in the sections that cover each mode 32 1 4 Variable Data VARS Menu You can use the variable data menu to recall the data listed below e View Window values e Enlargement reduction factor e Single variable paired variable statistical data e Graph functions e Dynamic Graph set up data e Table amp Graph table range and table contents e Recursion formula table range and table contents e Equation coefficients and solutions The variable data menu does not appear if you press while binary octal deci mal or hexadecimal is set as the default number system To recall variable data press to display the variable data menu VARS r A aE A HOY HAS Fi F2 F3 F5 V WIN View Window values FACT x and y axis enlargement reduction factor STAT Single paired variable statistical data P 36 F4 GRPH Graph functions stored in the GRAPH Mode P 37 F5 DYNA Dynamic Graph set up data gt ae Next menu LET F T E RA 02A P 38 Fi TABL Table amp Graph function table ra
10. When an attempt is made to perform a calculation using an illegal formula Syn ERROR For example 5 X X 3 Exe e When you try to perform a calculation that causes memory capacity to be exceeded Mem ERROR e When you use a command that requires an argument without providing a valid argument Arg ERROR e When an attempt is made to use an illegal dimension during matrix calculations Dim ERROR aa e Other errors can occur during program execution Most of the calculator s keys are inoperative while an error message is displayed You can resume operation P 399 using one of the two following procedures e Press the key to clear the error and return to normal operation P 50 e Press or to display the error E Memory Capacity Each time you press a key either one byte or two bytes is used Some of the functions that require one byte are 4 2 8 sin cos tan log In V and x Some of the functions that take up two bytes are d dx Mat Xmin If For Return DrawGraph SortA PxlOn Sum and an When the number of bytes remaining drops to five or below the cursor automatically changes from _ to g If you still need to input more you should divide your calculation into two or more parts N e As you input numeric values or commands they appear flush left on the dis play Calculation results on the other hand are displayed flush right 22 Before Starting Calculations 1 1 E Graphic
11. ations 1 1 E inputting Calculations When you are ready to input a calculation first press ac to clear the display Next input your calculation formulas exactly as they are written from left to right and press E5 to obtain the result Example1 2 3 4 10 e9 2 H B G 44 We 2 3 4 168 a Example 2 2 5 4 23 x 5 aDOSAAH 20ot4 25ea Tainini 2 1565217391 ABW Oe W Calculation Priority Sequence This calculator employs true algebraic logic to calculate the parts of a formula in the following order Coordinate transformation Pol x y Rec r 0 Differentials quadratic differentials integrations X calculations ddx d dx ldx Mat Solve FMin FMax List gt Mat Fill Seq SortA SortD Min Max Median Mean Augment Mat List List Type A functions With these functions the value is entered and then the function key is pressed x x x ENG symbols Power root N 4 Fractions h Abbreviated multiplication format in front of z memory name or variable name 27 5A X min F Start etc Type B functions With these functions the function key is pressed and then the value is entered V 3V log In e 10 sin cos tan sin cos tan sinh cosh tanh sinh cosh tanh parenthesis d h b o Neg Not Det Trn Dim Identity Sum Prod Cuml Percent Abbreviated multiplication format in front of Type B functions 2V3 A log2 etc Permutation co
12. e following table shows all of the data types that appear on the memory status screen owm wea o Draw Memory Graph drawing conditions View Window enlargement reduction factor graph screen Equation calculation data 29 BEA memory E Clearing Memory Contents You have a choice of two differenct procedures that you can use to clear memory contents e Clearing specific data within a selected data type e Clearing all data within a specific data type eTo clear specific data within a selected data type 1 In the memory status screen use and to move the highlighting to the data type you want to clear 2 Press F1 DEL If you selected a data type that contains multiple memory ar eas a function menu like the one shown below appears to let you specify which memory you want to clear FILELJFILEC SFILESSFILEY FILES JFILEB Fi E Fs F4 E5 F This menu appears when you select List File 3 Press the function key that corresponds to the data you want to clear FEF Ho E 4 Press Fi YES to clear the data or NO to abort the operation without clearing anything eTo clear all data within a specific data type 1 In the memory status screen use and to move the highlighting to the data type whose data you want to clear 2 Press F1 DEL The following confirmation menu appears if you selected a data type in which all data can be cleared by a single operation FEF Ho E 3 Press
13. fy the number of decimal places Fix Example To specify two decimal places E F1 E3 Fix seeps re ere F3 F3 2 FEDE Press the function key that corresponds to the number of decimal places you want to specify n 0 9 e Displayed values are rounded off to the number of decimal places you specify e To specify the number of significant digits Sci Example _ To specify three significant digits E A E3 F3 Sci ofa fe fs a Te 3 Sep es Press the function key that corresponds to the number of significant digits you want to specify n 0 9 e Displayed values are rounded off to the number of significant digits you specify e Specifying 0 makes the number of significant digits 10 17 EERI Before Starting Calculations To specify the exponential display range Norm 1 Norm 2 Press F3 Norm to switch between Norm 1 and Norm 2 Norm 1 10 2 0 01 gt x x 210 Norm 2 10 0 000000001 gt x x 210 e To specify the engineering notation display Eng Press Eng to switch between engineering notation and standard notation The indicator E is on the display while engineering notation is in effect The following are the 11 engineering notation symbols used by this calculator e The engineering symbol that makes the mantissa a value from 1 to 1000 is auto matically selected by the calculator when engineering notation is in effect 18 Before Starting Calcul
14. gram control command menu F3 JUMP Jump command menu Pr sisian Input command F5 A Output command D rons Next menu A EEF DEF HAF F N Fi CLR Clear command menu E E E3 E5 F2 DISP Display command menu F3 REL Conditional jump relational operator menu 6 eee Input output control command menu F5 iiine Multistatement connector eS ee ere Previous menu The following function key menu appears if you press in the RUN Mode or the PRGM Mode while binary octal decimal or hexadecimal is set as the default number system Peston Ta F E Fi E E3 E5 The functions assigned to the function keys are the same as those in the Comp Mode P 313 For details on the commands that are available in the various menus you can access from the program menu see 19 Programming 43
15. mbination nPr nCr 19 EERI Before Starting Calculations Qx dO 4D Relational operator 4 gt lt Z S d2 And and 43 Or or xor xnor e When functions with the same priority are used in series execution is performed from right to left eInv120 gt e In v120 Otherwise execution is from left to right e Anything contained within parentheses receives highest priority Example 2 3x log sin2z 6 8 22 07101691 angle unit Rad D L WE Multiplication Operations without a Multiplication Sign You can omit the multiplication sign x in any of the following operations e Before the Type B functions Example 2sin30 10log1 2 2V3 2Pol 5 12 etc e Before constants variable names memory Example 27 2AB 3Ans 3Y1 etc e Before an open parenthesis Example 3 5 6 A 1 B 1 etc 20 Before Starting Calculations 1 1 E Stacks The unit employs memory blocks called stacks for storage of low priority values and commands There is a 10 level numeric value stack a 26 level command stack and a 10 level program subroutine stack If you execute a formula so complex it exceeds the amount of stack space available an error message appears on the display Stk ERROR during calculations or Ne ERROR during execution of a program subrou tine Example Numeric Value Stack Command Stack e Calculations are performed according to the priority sequence O
16. n formula convergence divergence graph WEB graph Previous menu 39 ZY Variable Data VARS Menu To recall matrix of table contents Whenever you press F3 Reslt while the recursion data menu is on the display the recursion formula numeric table appears on the screen in matrix format e This operation is available only from the RUN or PRGM Mode Example To recall the contents of the numeric table for recursion formula an 2n 1 while the table range is Start 1 and End 6 F3 Resit JR Result e The table contents recalled by the above operation are stored automatically in Matrix Answer Memory MatAns e An error Dim ERROR occurs if you perform the above operation when there is no function or recursion formula numeric table in memory eTo recall equation coefficients and solutions Pressing gt and then F3 EQUA while the variable data menu is on the screen displays an equation data menu P 117 F gt F3 EQUA EEEE ETE m Fi F2 F3 P 120 F1 S RIt Matrix of solutions for linear equations with two through six unknowns F2 S Cof Matrix of coefficients for linear equations with two through six unknowns F3 P RIt Matrix of solutions for a quadratic or cubic equation P Cof Matrix of coefficients for a quadratic or cubic equation 40 Variable Data VARS Menu BREZI Example 1 To recall the solutions for the following linear equations with two unknown
17. nce a calcula tion is executed it is cleared from the stack RA e Storing a complex number takes up two numeric value stack levels P 22 e Storing a two byte function takes up two command stack levels WE Input Output and Operation Limitations The allowable range for both input and output values is 10 digits for the mantissa and 2 digits for the exponent Internally however the unit performs calculations using 15 digits for the mantissa and 2 digits for the exponent Example 3x 10 7 42857 HOROAME 14286 aS se5e7 42057 O It ADO We A 1428571428 21 EERI Before Starting Calculations Overflow and Errors Exceeding a specified input or calculation range or attempting an illegal input causes an error message to appear on the display Further operation of the calculator is impossible while an error message is displayed The following events cause an error message to appear on the display e When any result whether intermediate or final or any value in memory exceeds an 9 999999999 x 10 Ma ERROR P 401 e When an attempt is made to perform a function calculation that exceeds the input range Ma ERROR e When an illegal operation is attempted during statistical calculations Ma ER ROR For example attempting to obtain 1VAR without data input e When the capacity of the numeric value stack or command stack is exceeded Stk ERROR For example entering 25 successive followed by 2 H3 4 xe e
18. nge and table contents P 38 F2 RECR Recursion formula table range and table contents P 40 F3 EQUA Solutions and coefficients of linear equations with two through six unknowns quadratic equations and cubic equations Ce E Previous menu e Note that the EQUA item appears for function key F3 only when you access the variable data menu from the RUN or PRGM Mode 33 BZ Variable Data VARS Menu eTo recall View Window values P127 Pressing F1 V WIN while the variable data menu is on the screen displays a View Window value menu F1 V WIN EF EF E ees i Fi F2 F3 F5 Fi X x axis menu F2 Y ee y axis menu F3 T T menu R X x axis menu for Dual Graph right hand screen F5 R Y y axis menu for Dual Graph right hand screen R T 6 T menu for Dual Graph right hand screen The following menu appears whenever you press F1 X F3 Y R X or F5 R Y while the View Window value menu is on the display mo AE Minimum mammam Fi E E3 The following menu appears whenever you press F3 T or R T while the view window value menu is on the display F1 min Minimum aie F2 max Maximum aa a F3 ptch Pitch 2a eTo recall enlargement and reduction factors P 153 Pressing F2 FACT while the variable data menu is on the screen displays an enlargement reduction factor menu F2 FACT
19. ph function Example To recall and draw the graph for the rectangular coordinate function y 2 x 3 which is stored in storage area Y2 Use the following View Window parameters to draw the graph 5 Ymin 5 Ymax 5 Yscale 1 Xmin Xmax Xscale H N H O1 Fa Sketch F5 GRPH FI Y F4 GRPH F1 Y 2 amp eTo recall Dynamic Graph set up data P 211 Pressing F5 DYNA while the variable data menu is on the screen displays a Dy namic Graph set up menu F5 DYNA Fi Strt Coefficient range start value F2 End Coefficient range end value F3 Pitch Coefficient value increment 37 BEET I Variable Data VARS Menu eTo recall Table amp Graph table range and table content data Pressing gt and then F1 TABL while the variable data menu is on the screen displays a Table amp Graph data menu gt E1 TABL RA Fi F2 F3 P 237 Fi Strt Table range start value F Start command F2 End Table range end value F End command F3 Pitch Table value increment F pitch command Reslt Matrix of table contents F Result command e The Reslt item appears for function key only when the above menu is dis played in the RUN or PRGM Mode Example To recall the contents of the numeric table for the function y 3x 2 while the table range is Start 0 and End 6 and pitch 1 F4 Rest F Fesult m
20. s 2x 3y 8 3X Sy 14 F1 S RIt Eim Result m gt lt m Ariz E Example 2 To recall the coefficients for the following linear equations with three unknowns 4x y Z x 6y 3 5x 4y Z F2 S Cof Eim Coef _ 1 7 m gt lt m Example 3 To recall the solutions for the following quadratic equation 2x7 x 10 0 F3 P RIt Pi Result EXE Ans _l hema al 2 5 Example 4 To recall the coefficients for the following quadratic equation 2x x 10 0 Fa P Cof Pir Coef _ EXE AE E d E l 10 41 BEEZ Variable Data VARS Menu e The coefficients and solutions recalled by the above operation are stored auto matically in Matrix Answer Memory MatAns e When the solutions for a linear equation with 2 through 6 unknowns contain com plex numbers only the real number parts are stored in Matrix Answer Memory MatAns e Coefficient and solution memory data for a linear equation with 2 though 6 un knowns cannot be recalled at the same time e The following conditions cause an error Mem ERROR to be generated When there are no coefficients input for the equation When there are no solutions obtained for the equation 42 1 5 Program PRGM Menu To display the program menu first enter the RUN or PRGM Mode from the Main Menu and then press Pran es COMPCTLBUMES at om F1 COM Program command menu E E E3 E5 F2 CTL Pro
21. unction Hemor i e Executing the store operation while the display is blank deletes the function in the function memory you specify 27 BEA memory RA P 125 eTo use stored functions Once you store a function in memory you can recall it and use it for a calculation This feature is very useful for quick and easy input of functions when programming or graphing Example To store x 1 x x into function memory and then graph y zx x x Use the following View Window parameters Xmin 4 Ymin 10 Xmax 4 Ymax 10 Xscale 1 Yscale 1 EJ Y Ext Fe gt F6 gt E3 FMEM 3 G Fi STO Fi f stores x 1 Fi STO FQ fz stores x x F4 Sketch F1 Cls Ex Fa Sketch F5 GRPH F1 Y Fe gt F6 gt F3 FMEM F3 fn E1 f F3 fe Exe e For full details about graphing see 8 Graphing E Memory Status MEM You can check how much memory is used for storage for each type of data You can also see how many bytes of memory are still available for storage eTo check the memory status 1 In the Main Menu select the MEM icon and press Ex To Select To Set 2 Press again to display the memory status screen tri A v File Number of bytes still free 22629 Bytesfree 28 Memory ME 3 Use and to move the highlighting and view the amount of memory in bytes used for storage of each type of data Th
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