ReWaRD 2.7 Quick-Start Guide
Contents
1. Properties of Excavation 1 box will open Change the Name of the excavation to 8 m dig Click on the Dimensions tab to change page Change the Depth of the excavation to 8 m and click OK to proceed The Plan Dimensions of this object will take on default values e E i d Derma es ote Oo i ae ReWakRD will create a new excavation i named 8 m dig and add it to the i Stockyard To add the excavation to the construction stage drag it from the Stockyard and drop it onto the Workbook s Drawing Board as explained above When you release the left mouse button to drop the excavation into the construction stage it will immediately appear on the drawing to the right of the vertical datum line The Drawing Board should now look like this ETEN Tea Eber EEE EE EN Era AENT VET TE PEET TETIT PETENTE m EET APET PETTITT TE J j j j j 4 j m army Pissed CL Ce aa iaaa a aa aaa A Tutorial 2 Propped wall in stiff clay 23 A copy of this step can be found at Projects Tutorial 2 Step 2 rwd Step 3 create the wall and prop In Step 3 you will create a retaining wall of the appropriate type specify its length and cross sectional properties and then create a prop to support the wall 1 Click on the Stockyard to make sure it is selected the commands on the Create menu are only enabled when the Stockyard is selected 2 Open the program s Create menu and click on Retaining2. Repeat the steps above to create another Drained Layer with the properties Name Layer 5 Soil Medium coarse sand Thickness 5 m Add Layers 2 to 5 to Borehole 1 by dragging and dropping each layer in turn onto one of the Drawing Boards that are displayed in ReWaRD s main window A copy of this step can be found at Projects Tutorial 3 Step 4 rwd Step 5 extend the wall and move the top prop In Step 5 you will add an upstand to the wall and relocate the top prop to the head of the wall 1 Select the retaining wall by clicking on its image on the Drawing Board for Stage 1 Generated A selection box will appear around the image and the wall will be highlighted in the Stockyard 44 Geocentrix ReWaRD 2 7 Quick Start Guide Right click on the selected wall and TE ered eet tit Cre Heed hee FRE TARR AAT SE PE choose Properties of Wall 1 Generated from the popup menu that appears on screen The wall s properties box will appear Click on the Dimensions tab to change page Change the wall s Upstand to 0 5 m The Total Length box will update to show 13 25 m Click OK to confirm the new values The Drawing Boards will automatically refresh to show the new a Gereral Dimensions Tos Depth Level R Upland p Demi Total Length is F Het Next select the top prop by clicking on its image on the Drawing Board for Stage 2 Generated A selection box will appe
3. To add this ground profile to the construction stage you drag it from the Stockyard onto the Workbook s Drawing Board To do so First with the cursor located over the E syss ues s Oeti Teper Ground Surface item in the pna 7 Conpirciinn Sbg Stockyard click and hold down the left mouse button to select that item Second without releasing the mouse button move drag the cursor over the Workbook anywhere where do The cursor will change to indicate where you can drop this item Finally release the left mouse button to drop the ground profile into the construction stage The ground profile will immediately appear on the i drawing to the left of the vertical datum line Now repeat the above steps for an excavation Click on the Stockyard to make sure it is selected the commands on the Create menu are only enabled when the Stockyard is selected Open the program s Create menu and click on f Erme Properes Dengn cak Excavation to display the Create Excavation box E Alternatively click on the Create Excavation in button on the Stockyard s Toolbar Sol be oo al salalar ule alalla Ground Praile ly 22 11 12 13 14 15 Geocentrix ReWaRD 2 7 Quick Start Guide The Create Excavation box will open Select Creme Excrvaton Horizontal Excavation and click OK to Select the cbeectincmaie 7 o proceed ba oY K Conca fl Fisna Exceration The
4. afl Coma er tabh Ti me Pane and then right sna stan lja Ertavahaa ae click on Layer 1 hia pee re Generated in its epee d waia T a Objects Pane Choose the command Properties of Layer 1 Generated to display that object s properties box On the General page change the layer s Name to Layer 1 Click on the Properties tab to change page change the Soil to Sand and gravel and enter the Thickness as 4 m Tutorial 3 Cofferdam in mixed soils 43 X Cancel g Daaa Click on the OK button to confirm the values entered and to proceed The boreholes displayed on the Drawing Board of each stage will update to reflect this layer s new thickness Now right click on Layer in the E Socia Step 300 Stockyard s Types Pane and choose the Da iuao command New gt Undrained Layer to 7 Sentstion Stage i Ground Profite create a new undrained layer and Ibe Excavation i Soa display that object s properties box SE o ine Repeat the steps above to set the Drained Layer properties of this new layer as follows lala E Name Layer 2 Soil Firm clay Thickness 2 5 m Repeat the steps above to create a Drained Layer with the properties Name Layer 3 Soil Silty sand Thickness 3 m Repeat the steps above to create another Undrained Layer with the properties Name Layer 4 Soil Soft firm clay Thickness 2 m
5. Click OK to confirm the entered values and to proceed k Demali Prone Conmectiviy ioi oj ws 4 ReWaRD will create a new water table named Retained water and add it to the Stockyard Tutorial 2 Propped wall in stiff clay 29 5 Repeat the previous steps to create a second Linear Seepage Water Table named Excavated water at a depth of 9 m 6 Add the two water tables to the construction stage by dragging them from the Stockyard and dropping them onto the Workbook s Drawing Board The Retained water object should be dropped to the left of the wall and the Excavated water object to the right The Drawing Board should now look like this aj jsb Ail bhen pin Catered eed pl Detter ed 7 If you make a mistake dropping the water tables so that they do not appear as shown above then you can rectify this by dragging them back into the Stockyard 8 Alternatively double click on any white area on the Drawing Board to display the Construction Stage s properties box Click on the Water Tables tab to change page Then change the tick marks in the On Retained Side and On Excavated Side boxes to match the screenshot below Click OK to confirm and to proceed Com Boeeholes e aes T ables Suchet 4 a On Aetaned Sele Ors Ecard Sich of M e k Aeteed vte Exneveted vae Wo j Eeraeiras A copy of this step can be found at Projects Tutorial 2 Step 5 rwd 30 Geocentrix ReWaRD 2 7 Quick St
6. Comers 7 Design Approach 2 Propertii ae PP ie 2 Next review the settings for a Eurocode 7 DA1 2 by selecting Serviceability Pre ctandand BMY 1997 1 Druga Approach 7 12 6 Geocentrix ReWaRD 2 7 Quick Start Guide Design Standard from the from the Properties menu EN 1997 1 Design Approach 1 2 fare General Load Factors MaterilFactor Finite e v OK ining Earth Presta Coelficenis bax Depi of Tennor Cack amiar d ti mead ia Lhe pelana be Cantilever Toe in ms x J Appi partial lector to effects finshead of actor Click on the Load Factors tab to Partial diisi eon confirm that a partial factor of 1 0 is a goua i Permanen 1 i applied to permanent and accidental j i Variable 1 actions and 1 3 to variable actions as Accidental per the requirements of EN 1997 1 Click on the Material Factors tab to Partial Factors on Drained Parameters confirm that the factors applied to Shearing Flesistance tan phil tan and c are 1 25 and toc is 1 4 Elective Cohesion c again as per EN 1997 1 Paital Fachas on Undaned Parameters Review other settings by clicking on Undrained Strength Cu the various tabs in turn Click OK to close the property box A copy of this step can be found at Projects Tutorial 1 Step 2 rwd Step 3 calculate structural forces In Step 3 you will calculate the resultant structural forces effects of actions in Eurocode terms acting in the
7. Wall to display the Create Retaining Wall box Alternatively click on the Create Retaining Wall button on the Stockyard s Toolbar be oD a lhe aalala wl e m d M Select the died io irase v pie Jl 3 The Create Retaining Wall box will open mm ecco reewa M K Conca Select Secant Pile Wall and click OK to EE 2 ew proceed D AORA 4 The Properties of Retaining Wall 1 box will open Change the Name of the wall to 20 m long wall 5 Click on the Dimensions tab to change page Change the Toe Depth of the wall to 20 m Properties of Retaering Wal OO Eis Demma Dmenioa Sector paternal E e a p Tee Dette Jp 7 Urha Tay Ling 6 Click on the Section tab to change page Change the Diameter of the piles to 750 mm and click OK to proceed An error message will appear telling you that the Spacing must be between 100 mm and 750 mm Since this is a secant piled wall the spacing must not exceed the piles diameter Change the Spacing of the piles to 600 mm and click OK to proceed The remaining sectional properties update as you do so 24 Geocentrix ReWaRD 2 7 Quick Start Guide ReWakRD will create a new retaining wall named 20 m long wall and add it to the Stockyard To add the wall to the construction stage drag it from the Stockyard and drop it onto the Workbook s Drawing Board Now repeat the above steps for the prop Click on the Stockyard to
8. embedment and the maximum bending moment and shear force it must resist Overview o In Step 1 you will use the Construction Wizard to create the scenario described above including the wall a borehole excavation and ground surface o In Step 2 you will select the design standard to use when calculating the wall s stability In Step 3 you will calculate the resultant structural forces effects of actions in Eurocode terms acting in the retaining wall o In Step 4 you will review the earth pressures that were used to calculate the resultant structural forces acting in the retaining wall In Step 5 you will determine the depth of embedment required to satisfy the requirements of Eurocode 7 with regards to overall stability of the wall In Step 6 you will close and optionally save the project If ReWaRD is not already running double click on the ReWaRD icon on ReWaRD Windows Desktop to start the program IAA vanna Once the splash screen has disappeared Run the Construction Wizard from the available options and click Go to proceed i haha aka pou wint bes da Rese iun the Corginchon wizard ReWakRD displays its Start up Wizard Select Caan a raw pasje Create a nee paati from a Template Open sn essing peer Tutorial 1 Cantilever wall in sand 9 If ReWaRD is already running and you have an existing project open click Close on the program s File menu Window Help You will be p
9. of the project Program contains over 100 predefined items for use in your project Construction Wizard guides you through setting up sequenced construction stages Workbook provides a spreadsheet like display of all results Workbook gives a graphical views of key results Message View records program activities and displays warning and error messages as appropriate Comprehensive Reference Manual What s new in ReWaRD 2 72 Implementation of Eurocode 7 EN 1997 1 design rules for Design Approaches 1 2 and 3 Option to apply partial factors to actions or effects of actions 6 Geocentrix ReWaRD 2 7 Quick Start Guide o Updated user interface with better organization of menu options e Support for running the program on Windows 7 o Updated User Manual and new Quick start Guide Documentation ReWaRD 2 7 is supplied with a detailed Quick start Guide comprehensive User Manual and authoritative Reference Manual The latest versions of these manuals including any corrections and or additions since the program s first release are available in electronic Adobe Acrobat format from the Geocentrix website www geocentrix co uk ReWaRD and follow links to ReWaRD s documentation Quick start guide this booklet The ReWaRD Quick start Guide includes three tutorials that show you how to use the main features of ReWaRD Each tutorial provides step by step instructions on how to drive the program The tutorials increase in diff
10. read this message ReWaRD will Caleulate All automatically display its Messages View which Clear Results will look something like this E Welie Stage 2 finean Manga E wahing the condakton Teye Capas aih pres A bell l es poed mall rah ang iy aa Cale aie tah pire a Bee enema fale embecimers eth the ipecend iey factor Colney cath press oe Pebre eth Liey lario cet bo L Cats drach Perc Caludiateng Sue thstabty Cah ulal sy cheer ere ret Command tated m 12 This error message occurs because the ground profile at this site comprise interbedded sands and clays and ReWaRD cannot decide whether to treat this profile as predominantly sand or clay Open the Properties menu and choose the Design Options command A dialog box will appear Click on the Displacements tab to change page and untick the Auto Select box If necessary select Sand to tell the program to treat this profile as sand despite the presence of clay in it Click OK to confirm these changes Open the Calculate menu and choose Clear Messages to remove the old messages from this view The re open the Calculate menu and choose Calculate All again This time no error message appears and the Message View looks something like this Tutorial 3 Cofferdam in mixed soils 51 ene i Calowlatesg earth preseures er bul Sor the sprede evel length eed palety bion EOT Calculating earth pressures af the minimum safe embedment heath the specified safety fa
11. 980 Scenic House 54 Wilmot Way E mail support geocentrix co uk Banstead Surrey Web www geocentrix co uk support SM7 2PY United Kingdom Please be at your computer and have Please quote your licence number on your licence number ready when you all correspondence call Maintenance updates are available free of charge from the Geocentrix website Notes The screenshots in this guide were produced on Windows 7 Your screen may differ depending on the version of Windows on which you run ReWaRD Not all options are available in every edition of ReWaRD In this guide Projects refers to the folder where your ReWaRD projects are saved typically on Windows XP C Documents and Settings All Users Geocentrix ReWaRD 2 7 on Windows 7 and later C Users Public Documents Geocentrix ReWaRD 2 7 Geocentrix ReWaRD 2 7 Quick Start Guide TUTORIAL 1 CANTILEVER WALL IN SAND This tutorial demonstrates the basic features of ReWaRD through a worked example involving the analysis of a cantilever wall in sand e Ground conditions comprise 15 m of dense sand The sand has unit weight of 17 kN m and angle of shearing resistance of 35 The groundwater table is 15 m below formation level and hence the sand can be considered dry throughout e The retaining wall which is made from a 0 6 m thick diaphragm panel will support a 4 m deep excavation without the aid of propping o You want to determine the wall s minimum depth of
12. Geocentrix ReWakRD 2 7 Quick Start Guide Embedded retaining wall design 2 Geocentrix ReWaRD 2 7 Quick Start Guide Notices Information in this document is subject to change without notice and does not represent a commitment on the part of Geocentrix Ltd The software described in this document is furnished under a licence agreement or non disclosure agreement and may be used or copied only in accordance with the terms of that agreement It is against the law to copy the software except as specifically allowed in the licence or non disclosure agreement No part of this manual may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means electronic or mechanical including photocopying and recording for any purpose without the express written permission of Geocentrix Ltd 1992 2013 Geocentrix Ltd All rights reserved Geocentrix and ReWaRD are registered trademarks of Geocentrix Ltd Other brand or product names are trademarks or registered trademarks of their respective holders Set in Optimum using Corel WordPerfect X5 Printed in the UK Acknowledgments ReWaRD was originally commissioned by British Steel Ltd now part of Tata Steel ReWaRD 2 x was designed and written by Dr Andrew Bond of Geocentrix with the assistance of lan Spencer of Honor Oak Systems The ReWaRD Quick Start Guide was written by Andrew Bond Parts of ReWaRD were developed with the assistance of Professor David Potts of Imperial Col
13. WaRD expects its strength to be between 75 and 150 kPa The entered value of 60 kPa will be accepted but only after confirmation via this warning box Click Yes to confirm the value and proceed Piitan teal parambi ni atude the nomnal tinga Click on the Notes tab again and then add any information you want to attach to this soil via the text control there Finally click OK to confirm the entered values and to proceed ReWaRD will create a new soil named Stiff clay and add it to the Stockyard Next right click on the word Layer in E ser ses the Stockyard s Types Pane to display pa Construction Stage its context sensitive menu Click New sound Prati to expand the sub menu and then Sag click Undrained Layer to create anew SE oshain bam layer F Water Tables bhi Sunchaagen impowed Lad The Properties of Layer 1 box will open and display its General page Click on the Properties tab to change page Change the Soil to Stiff clay and change the layer s Thickness to 30 m Click OK to confirm these settings and to proceed ReWaRD will create a new layer named Layer 1 and add it to the Stockyard Tutorial 2 Propped wall in stiff clay 27 Finally right click on the word Borehole in the Stockyard s Types Pane to display its context sensitive of Construction Stage menu Click New to expand the sub acs menu and then click Borehole to create a new borehole The Proper
14. You will find a copy of the project in its current Geocentrix ReWaRD 2 7 Quick Start Guide Click on the OK button to confirm the values entered and to proceed Repeat the steps above to create a new sand with the following properties Name Silty sand Class Silty Saturated and Unsaturated weight densities both 20 3 kN m Angle of Friction 30 and Effective Cohesion 0 kPa If you get warning messages when you enter any values click Yes to confirm them Repeat the steps above to create a new clay with the following properties Name Soft firm clay State Soft Saturated and Unsaturated weight densities both 20 kN m Angle of Friction 30 and Effective Cohesion 0 kPa Undrained Strength 40 kPa If you get warning messages when you enter any values click Yes to confirm them Finally right click on Sand and gravel in the Stockyard s Existing Objects Pane and choose the command Duplicate to create a carbon copy of that soil called Soil 1 Emra Objects eA Tet gS X Fem cl Properties of Sand ard gravel T Soul 1 Then edit Soil 1 in order to change its name to Medium coarse sand kl iy a state at Projects Tutorial 3 Step 3 rwd Step 4 add missing layers In Step 4 you will you will add layers that are missing from the project and include them in the borehole 1 Click on Layer in the Stockyard s Types
15. ar around the image and the prop will be highlighted in the Stockyard Right click on the selected prop and choose Properties of Prop 1 Generated from the popup menu that appears The prop s properties box will appear Click on the Dimensions tab to change page Click on the downward pointing arrow to the right of the Depth Level caption The arrow will now point upwards indicating that the value in the box alongside is now the level above datum instead of depth below datum Change the Level to 0 5 m and click OK to confirm The Drawing Boards will automatically refresh to show the new prop level Genaral Eisa Notes a Depth Level H 05 m Spacing z Tim ReWaRD s main screen should now look something like this Tutorial 3 Cofferdam in mixed soils 45 i UETA ee oe Qe teeing tet A ee eles ee me H 3 M ieren ee Bue to COS A copy of this step can be found at Projects Tutorial 3 Step 5 rwd Step 6 move existing water tables and create new ones In Step 6 you will change the depth of some of the existing water tables and add new water tables 1 Select Water Table 1 the water table on the retained side of the wall by clicking on its image on the Drawing Board for Stage 2 Generated A selection box will appear around the image and the water table will be highlighted in the Stockyard Right click on the selected water table and choose Properties of Water Table 1 Generat
16. art Guide Step 6 choose the design standard In Step 6 you will select the design standard to use to when calculating the wall s stability 1 If it is not already ticked select Sr Calculate Toots Win CIRIA 104 gt Gross Pressure crz Piling Handbook b Method from ReWaRD s Design e Sy Rrra menu Geoguide Read Method h ES eo Shrength Factor Method f 2 Next edit the settings for CIRIA 104 Gross Pressure Method by selecting Design Standard from the Properties menu Eurocode 7 k 3 On the General page set the Design Approach to Moderately Conservative and the Works to Temporary General Load Factors Material Factor sister e w ox Lm rg E ath Prectue Coelicania x Cancel Pi Dedans Mast Depth of Tennor Drak lemari creck miad ba ihe laned ai 7 7 Help Cantilever Toedn Hm x Dengi Appoch Moderstely Consema Woni Credible Works Temporary Pemanen 4 Click on the Resistance Factors tab to change page Confirm that the factors applied to drained parameters are 1 2 for lt 20 1 5 for gt 30 and 2 0 for undrained parameters as per CIRIA 104 Patia Factors on Eadh Precsunes 1 2 ophis 2 15 ior phiss 3 5 kMm 5 Review other settings by clicking on the various tabs in turn When you have finished click OK to close the property box Tutorial 2 Propped wall in stiff clay 31 A copy of this step can be foun
17. be printed 5 Finally click on the Results tab to change page and tick those results you want to be printed 6 Click OK to confirm your selections Tutorial 2 Propped wall in stiff clay 33 and proceed 7 Next click on ReWaRD s File menu and choose Print gt Print Preview to display a screen preview of the printed output Taye 8 Use the controls on the toolbar at the top of the preview window to control the appearance of the print preview Click the X button to close the preview window 9 Finally click on ReWaRD s File menu and choose Print gt Print The ae ree program s Print Page Setup box will tae ap incre om be displayed once again in case you ay iaa patina wish to change any of your ce ieee Se Ca selections Click OK to confirm and panei find Pe this time the program s Print box will appear giving you a choice of printers attached to your system to D E choose from D 10 Select your printer and click Print to produce the hard copy A copy of this step can be found at Projects Tutorial 2 Step 9 rwd Step 10 close the project In Step 10 you will close and optionally save the project You cannot save the project in the Trial Edition of ReWaRD 34 Geocentrix ReWaRD 2 7 Quick Start Guide 1 Open the program s File menu and click Exit 2 If you have made changes to the project since it was last saved ReWaRD will ask you if you want to save it b
18. ble Works D Temporary Permanent 4 Review the other settings by clicking on the various tabs in turn When you have finished click OK to close the property box A copy of this step can be found at Projects Tutorial 3 Step 8 rwd Step 9 calculate earth pressures structural forces etc In Step 9 you will calculate earth pressures required embedment structural forces and displacements for Stage 2 Generated 1 Open the Window menu and choose the Close All gt Workbooks command to tidy up ReWaRD s desktop 2 Click on Construction Stage in the Stockyard s Types Pane and then right click on Stage 2 Generated in its Objects Pane Select Open Workbook from the popup menu that appears to display that stage s Workbook The Drawing Board for Stage 2 Generated should look something like this _ I m oe ir ke i i 3 If it is not already selected click on the Workbook to make it active The commands on the Calculate menu are only enabled when a Workbook 50 Geocentrix ReWaRD 2 7 Quick Start Guide is selected Open the Calculate menu and choose the Calculate All command Calculate Tools if Validate Data Earth Pressures An error message will appear as follows 1 error warning message s generated during the calculations please inspect the Messages View Displacements for more information Click OK to confirm you chai have
19. ctors t a Cilculatess garth peeteutet Pike viih uei Perio ert be 1 A E Cabdating itrochoral iori r g Calculates Ewig ihabibty i a Cililing depl emant i Prep spacmng cabeulsted weg pere A Suet y L996 orepilied equuton for aege propped wall iG Culculateny durabaity 9 Now use the Workbook s toolbar to display the main results of the calculations one at a time on your screen be elie 1 ama mt lm ma BiG 10 Click on the View earth pressures as built button second button circled above to display earth pressures as built You will also need to click on the View Picture button first button circled above to switch to picture view apg i gh gg a Eo a 11 Click on the View structural forces button third button circled above to display structural forces uaar eee es T Legri leier ieedisg mema 117 1 Aa i et vbr kerre TEE khi 12 Finally click on the View displacements button fourth button circled above to display displacements 52 Geocentrix ReWaRD 2 7 Quick Start Guide A copy of this step can be found at Projects Tutorial 3 Step 9 rwd Step 10 close the project In Step 10 you will close and optionally save the project 1 Open the program s File menu and click Exit 2 If you have made changes to the project since it was last saved ReWaRD will ask you if you want to save it before proceeding Answer Yes or No by clicking the app
20. d at Projects Tutorial 2 Step 6 rwd Step 7 calculate the required embedment In Step 7 you will determine the required embedment for this design situation according to CIRIA 104 s Gross Pressure Method 1 If it is not already selected click on the Workbook to make it active The commands on the Calculate menu are only enabled when a Workbook is selected Open the Calculate menu E Werkboek Example C2 Required fmbedment g g Mineo Safe Eenbedmernt and choose the Required Embedment command ReWaRD automatically switches the Workbook to its Summary View Expand the Partial Factors node to display more of the tree structure by clicking on Le Ga pita the button next to its caption Then expand the Factors on resistance and Factors on structural forces nodes to display the partial factors that have been applied in this calculation The required embedment of the wall is displayed under the At Minimum Safe Embedment next to the Depth of toe node CIRIA 104 reports the depth of embedment as 7 5 m which when added to the retained height of 8 m gives a toe depth of 15 5 m A copy of this step can be found at Projects Tutorial 2 Step 7 rwd Step 8 calculate structural forces In Step 8 you will determine the resulting structural forces in the wall according to CIRIA 104 1 If it is not already selected click on the Workbook to make it active The commands on the Calculate menu are only enabl
21. e ee tion at wall toe 105a kom ae At Minimurn Safe Embeciment 4 To see the partial factors that were applied in the At Minimum Safe MG Retaining Wall P Depth of toe 752 Embedment calculation expand the raa z Partial Factors branch by clicking on p eos on actions Factor on matenal properties its button Then click on the dip oana button next to Factors on material a SEAE E Aa a Jn undramed strength Lai properties The Workbook will display Lehraiiccheeiar the values of the partial factors that HAD Safety margins on geometry i i Factors on strctural forces were applied to shearing resistance b 4 Moments 1 25 effective cohesion 1 25 and 9 a at wall tee 104 3 khim 2 Atraire undrained strength 1 40 A copy of this step can be found at Projects Tutorial 1 Step 5 rwd Step 6 close the project In Step 6 you will close and optionally save the project 1 Open the program s File menu and click Exit You cannot save the project in the Trial Edition of ReWaRD Tutorial 1 Cantilever wall in sand 17 2 If you have made changes to the project since it was last saved ReWaRD will ask you if you want to save it before proceeding Answer Yes or No by clicking the appropriate button The docurvent has been changed De you want bo trer the changes 3 If you have not already named this file ReWaRD will display its Save As box Enter the name you want i
22. e BO kPa ff Deiat Add Sub artesian water table to Stage 2 Generated by dragging and dropping the water table from the Stockyard onto the Drawing Board for that stage The water table will appear on whichever side of the retaining wall you release the mouse Repeat this drag and drop operation releasing the water table on the other side of the wall on the second occasion Stage 2 should now look something like this vou may need to enlarge the Workbook s window to see the complete picture a a a aaa E E 4 Tutorial 3 Cofferdam in mixed soils 10 Finally right click on Sub artesian water table in the Stockyard s Objects Pane and choose the command Duplicate to create a carbon copy of that water table with the name Water Table 1 11 Double click on Water Table 1 to open its properties box 12 On the General page change the water table s Name to Pumped water table 47 sees Eca iea fh Water Table 1 Garatated A Water Tablo 2 Generated i Gourd Praida dj aata Table I Generated lia E erain d Water Table 4 Generated i Soa Water Table 5 Generated S Lare furs i F Gorehaie s LU SS un hone ae lapod Load H Aling Wall am Pop a Ancha Delete ah Uthe Objects oe All Dibgects of Construction Stage 13 Click on the Connectivity tab to change page Enter O kPa in the Ambient Pressure box and click OK to confirm the
23. ed from the popup menu 3 that appears The water table s PS aaa i properties box will appear Click on the Properties tab to change page Change the Depth to 11 5 m and click OK to confirm the new value The Drawing Boards will automatically refresh to show the new water table depth Properties of Water Table 1 Generated as Notes 25 im SBNGE5 kM mt 46 Geocentrix ReWaRD 2 7 Quick Start Guide Repeat the previous steps for Water Table 3 changing its depth to 5 0 m This will bring this water table back into line with the formation level for Stage 2 Generated Now right click on Water Table in the E sse siswo Stockyard s Types Pane and choose p A Wates Tabie 1 Gemena the command New gt Hydrostatic p eem l Water Table to create a new hydrostatic water table and display that object s properties box af Wate Tablo 5 Geren On the General page change the wed yo Water Table p A Drp Water Tiebie water table s Name to Sub artesian z z water table Click on the Properties tab to change page and change the Depth to 11 5 m Click on the Connectivity tab to change page Untick the Connected to Overlying Water Tables box and then enter 80 kPa in the Ambient Pressure box Click OK to confirm the values entered and proceed 44 General Pioperies Connectiviy Motes ie y A T Connected To Overking Water Tables HM Cancel Ambien Pressus
24. ed when a Workbook is selected 32 Geocentrix ReWaRD 2 7 Quick Start Guide 2 Open the Calculate menu and choose the Structural Forces command ReWaRD automatically switches the Workbook to its Picture View 3 ReWaRD then calculates the resultant structural forces in the wall and displays the results pictorially as shown on the right The largest factored MUU bending moment and shear force in the wall are also given CIRIA 104 on page 137 reports the maximum unfactored bending moment as 627 kNm m corresponding to a factored bending moment of 627 x 1 5 940 7 kNm m and the maximum unfactored shear forces as 232 kN m corresponding to a factored shear force of 232 x 1 5 324 kN m A copy of this step can be found at Projects Tutorial 2 Step 8 rwd Step 9 print the results In Step 9 you will obtain a hard copy of your results 1 Click on ReWaRD s File menu and anlasana choose Print gt Page Setup to display iii Beim the program s Print Page Setup box 2 On Stockyard page tick those objects about which you want information to be printed 3 Click on the Workbooks tab to change page and again tick those objects about which you want information to be printed Note that this page automatically selects construction stages for which calculations have already been performed 4 Click on the Pictures tab to change page and tick those components of the results that you want to
25. efore proceeding Answer Yes or No by clicking the appropriate button 3 If you have not already named this file ReWaRD will display its Save As box Enter the name you want in the File name box and click the Save button ReWaRD will then save and close the project A copy of this project can be found at Projects Tutorial 2 Tutorial 2 rwd What next Tutorial 3 takes you through the design of a more complicated structure a multi propped cofferdam in mixed soils using the techniques introduced in Tutorials 1 and 2 Tutorial 3 Cofferdam in mixed soils 35 TUTORIAL 3 COFFERDAM IN MIXED SOILS Tutorial 3 helps you to get to grips with ReWaRD s more advanced features by building a multi oropped cofferdam in a mixed soil profile The tutorial shows you how to change engineering objects generated by ReWaRD s Construction Wizard add new engineering objects as needed choose between the available design standards check the results of your calculations and customize the printed output The worked example is taken from CIRIA s Special Publication 95 The design and construction of sheet piled cofferdams by Williams and Waite 1993 Appendix B of that document describes the design of a sheet pile cofferdam used to support a sub surface tank in a mixed soil profile o Ground conditions at the site comprise 4 m of sand and gravel Yay 18 kN m Ya 20 3 kN m 35 2 5 m of firm clay Ya 21kN m3 c 60kPa 3 m o
26. erview 36 Step 1 create the project 36 Step 2 change the excavation depths 39 Step 3 add the missing soils 40 Step 4 add missing layers 42 Step 5 extend the wall and move the top prop 43 Step 6 move existing water tables and create new ones 45 Step 7 add a surcharge 47 Step 8 select the design standard 48 Step 9 calculate earth pressures structural forces etc 49 What next 52 Introducing ReWaRD 2 7 INTRODUCING REWARD 2 7 ReWaRD 2 7 provides a rich set of capabilities for engineers to design analyse various types of embedded retaining walls including sheet pile diaphragm secant and contiguous bored pile sections cantilever single propped double propped and multi propped walls in the common soil types such as gravel sand silt and clay using various current and historical design standards such as Eurocode 7 and BS 8002 ReWaRD employs the limiting equilibrium method to analyse cantilever and single propped retaining walls and the hinge method to analyse double propped and multi propped walls Both traditional lumped factors of safety and modern partial factors can be applied in these calculations ReWakRD estimates wall movements by reference to a database of measured wall displacements and ground settlement What s in ReWaRD 22 Drawing Board provides elevation view of your project Live editing of any object in the project Stockyard allows quick access to individual components
27. f silty sand Y 20 3kN m3 30 2 m of soft firm clay Y 20kN m3 c 40kPa and medium coarse sand y 20 3kKN m3 35 sat e The cofferdam will be open for less than 3 months and open to full excavation depth for no more than two weeks hence a total stress analysis is appropriate e Ground water level is 2 5 m below ground surface Water pressures in the medium coarse sand are sub artesian with a pressure head of 80 kPa at the surface of the sand A pumping system will be installed to lower the water pressures in the medium coarse sand by 80 kPa throughout the depth of interest o The permanent works are to be constructed on top of a base slab at a depth of 8 m A 0 5 m thick drainage layer is to be placed beneath the base slab so that the final formation is at a depth of 8 5 m The sheet piles will have an upstand of 1 m The first frame will be installed at 0 5 m above ground level and the excavation taken down to 5 m before installing the second frame The second frame will be installed at a depth of 4 m and the excavation taken down to 7 5 m before installing the third frame The third frame will be installed at a depth of 6 5 m e The plan dimensions of the cofferdam are 17 m by 12 m Overview 36 Geocentrix ReWaRD 2 7 Quick Start Guide In Step 1 you will use the Construction Wizard to create a sequence of construction stages e In Step 2 you will change the depths of the excavations genera
28. f the wall and at 1 m below formation level on the excavated side o The wall type unspecified but assumed herein to be secant piled will form part of the temporary works and will retain 8 m of soil o The wall is supported by a prop at 2 m below ground level o You want to calculate the wall s minimum depth of embedment the maximum bending moment and shear force in the wall and the force in the prop Overview o In Step 1 you will create a construction stage and display its Workbook showing a blank Drawing Board e In Step 2 you will define the geometry of the ground on both sides of the wall o In Step 3 you will create a retaining wall of the appropriate type specify its length and cross sectional properties and then create a prop to support the wall o In Step 4 you will specify ground conditions at the site using a soil to represent the properties of the clay a layer to represent the geometry and drainage conditions of that soil and a borehole to represent the elevation and ordering of the layers Tutorial 2 Propped wall in stiff clay 19 In Step 5 you will create two water tables one on each side of the wall In Step 6 you will select the design standard to use when calculating the wall s stability In Step 7 you will determine the required embedment for this design situation according to CIRIA 104 s Gross Pressure Method In Step 8 you will determine the resulting structural forces in the wall acc
29. iculty and are designed to be followed in order User manual The ReWaRD User Manual explains how to use ReWaRD It provides a detailed description of the program s user interface Reference manual The ReWaRD Reference Manual gives detailed information about the engineering theory that underpins ReWaRD s calculations The manual assumes you have a working knowledge of the geotechnical design of embedded retaining walls but provides appropriate references for further study if you do not Help system ReWaRD s help system contains detailed information about the program including most of the information contained in the ReWaRD Quick Start Guide User Manual and Reference Manual plus additional information regarding ReWaRD that is not found in any of these documents Help appears in a separate window to ReWakD allowing you to view the help topics while you continue to work with ReWakD itself To open the help system o Press F1 o Click the Help button in any dialog box e Click on the Help command on ReWaRD s main menu and select Introducing ReWaRD 2 7 7 Contents Software Re Assurance Software Re Assurance which includes maintenance updates version upgrades and technical support for ReWaRD is available direct from Geocentrix or through your local distributor To obtain Re Assurance please contact Geocentrix as follows ReWaRD Technical Support Voice 44 0 1737 373963 Geocentrix Ltd Fax 44 0 1737 373
30. ion Wizard to create a sequence of construction stages to model the multi staged construction outlined in the project s specification 1 The first page of the Wizard Step 1 asks you to specify the finished geometry of the retaining structure Select the Multi propped button set the Number of Props to 3 and set the Retained Height to 8 5 m Click Next to continue Tutorial 3 Cofferdam in mixed soils 37 Step 1 Please specdy the firethend geometry of tha eisrean thuctue Cantiever j Peopoed Cantilever Dieuble poopped Muki popped Number of Prope 3 Rielaneed Height 2 Step 2 of the Wizard asks you to enter the depths of the props You want to place the first prop at 0 5m above ground level but the Construction Wizard will not allow you to enter negative depths Therefore leave Prop 1 at ground level temporarily you will change its depth later Select Prop 2 enter 4 m in the Depth box and click the Apply button Then select Prop 3 enter 6 5 m in the Depth box and click Apply Click Next to continue Step 2 Phare erter the depths of the peppe Prop 1 Generated at 0 m Prop 2 Generated at 4m 3 Step 3 of the Wizard asks you to enter the properties of the predominant soil type In this example we will treat the sand and gravel as the predominant soil type Select Sand from the Soil Type box enter a Wet Mass Density of 2069 kg m equivalent to a weight density of 20 3 kN m en
31. lege of Science Technology and Medicine London and Dr Hugh St John of the Geotechnical Consulting Group London The following people assisted with the testing of this and previous versions of the program Romain Arnould Andy Fenlon Joe Emmerson Kieran Dineen and Jenny Bond Revision history Last revised 16 May 2013 for version 2 7 0 RTM Table of contents TABLE OF CONTENTS TABLE OF CONTENTS 2 co2ssacecetacsoceosens eee ek oawes be ses E e INTRODUCING REWARD 2 7 What s in ReWaRD 2 What s new in ReWaRD 2 72 Documentation Quick start guide this booklet User manual Reference manual Help system Software Re Assurance Notes TUTORIAL 1 CANTILEVER WALL IN SAND Overview Step 1 create the project Step 2 choose the design standard Step 3 calculate structural forces Step 5 check the required embedment Step 6 close the project What next TUTORIAL 2 PROPPED WALL IN STIFF CLAY Overview Step 1 create the construction stage Step 2 create the ground conditions Step 3 create the wall and prop Step 4 create the borehole Step 5 create water tables Step 6 choose the design standard Step 7 calculate the required embedment Step 8 calculate structural forces Step 9 print the results Step 10 close the project What next ez NN DDDDD UO Geocentrix ReWaRD 2 7 Quick Start Guide TUTORIAL 3 COFFERDAM IN MIXED SOILS 2 ccc ccc ccc ccc cc cc cece ec cece ese eseees 35 Ov
32. ll also demonstrate a quicker way to create objects 1 Right click on the word Soil in the Stockyard s Types Pane to display its peun context sensitive menu Click New to i touns praia expand the sub menu and then click Clay to create the new soil Alternatively click on the Create Soil button on the Stockyard s Toolbar 2 The Properties of Soil 1 box will open and display its General page Change the Name of the soil to Stiff clay 3 Click on the Classification tab to change page Change the soil s State to Stiff 4 Click on the Density Weight tab to change page If not already selected click on the Weight Density button Then if necessary change the soil s Saturated and Unsaturated weight densities to 20 kN m 5 Click on the Effective Stress tab to change page Change the soil s Angle of Friction i e shearing resistance to 25 but leave the other properties 26 Geocentrix ReWaRD 2 7 Quick Start Guide 6 unchanged Click on the Total Stress tab to change page Change the soil s undrained strength to 60 kPa ave i a Dienai aagi Eeee Siaa Tot Stes fin alaj wf O l Uriared i bength Ar y Cca inctedced vam eph Click on the Notes tab to change page When you do so a warning message will appear telling you that Sisal ais aN the soil parameter is outside the aaa normal range This occurs because for iaa a clay specified as stiff Re
33. make sure it is selected Open the program s Create menu and click on Prop to display the Create Prop box Alternatively click on the Create Prop button on the Stockyard s Toolbar be CNR ot l alalar os am The Create Prop box will open Select Horizontal Prop and click OK to proceed The Properties of Prop 1 box will open and display its General page Change the Name of the prop to Prop at 2 m Click on the Dimensions tab to change page Change the Depth of the prop to 2 m and click OK to proceed Geren Bernir Ham Defeats GO Dehi i Zn 3 Orea wre li af Uai F he ReWaRD will create a new prop named Prop at 2 m and add it to the Stockyard To add the prop to the construction stage drag it from the Stockyard and drop it onto the Workbook s Drawing Board Right click on the Drawing Board s ruler to change its scale to 1 250 if not already set to this value The Drawing Board should now look like Tutorial 2 Propped wall in stiff clay 25 this a IET on C ee ee A copy of this step can be found at Projects Tutorial 2 Step 3 rwd Step 4 create the borehole In Step 4 you will specify ground conditions at the site using a soil to represent the properties of the clay a layer to represent the geometry and drainage conditions of that soil and a borehole to represent the elevation and ordering of the layers This step wi
34. ment in the wall as follows First click anywhere in the Moment Factored column Then open the Edit menu and choose the Find command Alternatively click on the Find button on the Stockyard s toolbar lel ajo 9 lagao 6 In the Find box that appears select what you want to search for e g the Maximum and click OK to perform the search The Workbook display will scroll to show the maximum bending moment along the wall A copy of this step can be found at Projects Tutorial 1 Step 3 rwd 14 Geocentrix ReWaRD 2 7 Quick Start Guide Step 4 review earth pressures In Step 4 you will review the earth pressures that were used to calculate the resultant structural forces acting in the retaining wall 1 To display the earth pressures that were used to calculate structural forces open the View menu and choose the Earth Pressures gt At Minimum Safe Embedment command To display the results in graphical form re open the View menu and choose the Picture command L estes Bepi ried jari Peen I Uc Lah sts ed is an ne ee S The drawing shows active and passive earth pressures on either side of the wall and indicates with a red dashed line the extent of the unplanned excavation that has automatically been taken into account The depth of the earth pressures corresponds to the minimum safe embedment of the wall These earth pressures are in equilibrium with partial factors from the specified design standa
35. n the File name box and click the Save button ReWaRD will then save and close the project Swem jj Tueis 1 o eas Bs Hame Date modifa sin Be TC Step LAW OTR Recent Places T Step LAWD GUNT 2011 LA w U Tutorial LAAD O20 a Desktop n Tuana 1AN A copy of this project can be found at Projects Tutorial 1 Tutorial 1 rwd What next Tutorial 2 shows you how to build a project from scratch using ReWaRD s drag and drop design features and demonstrates how to produce a printed report 18 Geocentrix ReWaRD 2 7 Quick Start Guide TUTORIAL 2 PROPPED WALL IN STIFF CLAY Tutorial 2 helps you to extend your knowledge of ReWaRD by designing a propped wall in stiff clay The tutorial shows you how to build a project from scratch without using the Construction Wizard drag engineering objects from the Stockyard and drop them onto a Workbook s Drawing Board and obtain a printout of your input and output data The worked example is taken from CIRIA Report 104 Design of retaining walls embedded in stiff clays by Padfield and Mair 1984 Appendix C of that report includes calculations for propped walls in stiff clay with and without seepage around the wall Example C 2 involves design of a wall supporting an excavation in stiff clay Ground conditions at the site comprise an unspecified thickness of stiff clay Yay Ysa 20 kN m 25 c 0 kPa o Groundwater is at 1 m below ground level on the retained side o
36. on both sides of the wall i e K and K lt on the retained side and K and K on the excavated side 7 Finally you can view all the values used to calculate earth pressures by selecting Earth Pressures gt All on the Workbook s View menu In this appearance the Table View displays the results of every step in the calculations see the ReWaRD Reference Manual for details 16 Geocentrix ReWaRD 2 7 Quick Start Guide A copy of this step can be found at Projects Tutorial 1 Step 4 rwd Step 5 check the required embedment In Step 5 you will determine the depth of embedment required to satisfy the requirements of Eurocode 7 with regards to overall stability of the wall 1 Open the Calculate menu and Choose i Wodtost Saget Generates Required Emibedment the Required Embedment command 1 ui ReWaRD automatically switches the Hosea tee 1200 m z 4 ariin factors Workbook to its Summary View lG Moments Reaction at wall toe a 15554 chim 2 The Workbook displays its results in a rG per i tree like structure similar to that used J Depth of toe 752m s Partial factor in Windows Explorer You can expand LE koment 3 Reactor af wall toe FH 9 Een El At Failure piney Vi any particular node by clicking on the button next to its caption and you can collapse a node by clicking on the button 3 The required embedment of the wall is displayed under the At Minimum Safe Embedment branch of this tree structur
37. operties will be set later 20 Geocentrix ReWaRD 2 7 Quick Start Guide ReWakRD will create a new construction stage with the name Example C2 add it to the Stockyard and then open a Workbook showing the contents of that stage which is currently empty Your screen should now look something like this 7 ry ir en f timer PT ae a m TF OL te ee Se ee ieee A copy of this step can be found at Projects Tutorial 2 Step 1 rwd Step 2 create the ground conditions In Step 2 you will define the geometry of the ground on both sides of the wall 1 Click on the Stockyard to make sure it is selected the commands on the Create menu are only enabled when the Stockyard is selected Open the program s Create menu and click on Ground Profile to display the Create Ground Profile box Alternatively click on the Create Ground Profile button on the Stockyard s Toolbar bel col Aaa aalas wile alale The Create Ground Profile box will open Select Horizontal Ground and click OK to proceed Tutorial 2 Propped wall in stiff clay 21 A 10 The Properties of Ground Profile 1 box will open and display its General page Change the Name of the ground profile to Ground Surface and click OK to proceed G s Noe Demi Same Ground Saiao ReWakRD will create a new ground profile named Ground Surface and add it to the Stockyard
38. ording to CIRIA 104 In Step 9 you will obtain a hard copy of your results In Step 10 you will close and optionally save the project If ReWaRD is not already running double click on the ReWaRD icon on Windows Desktop to start the program Once the splash screen has disappeared ReWaRD displays its Start up Wizard Select Create new project from the available options and click Go to proceed If ReWaRD is already running and you have an existing project open click New on the program s File menu You will be prompted to save your work if you have not already done so Step 1 create the construction stage In Step 1 you will create a construction stage and display its Workbook showing a blank Drawing Board 1 Open the program s Create menu and click on Construction Stage to display the Create See ee Construction Stage box Alternatively click on the cum Create Construction Stage button on the Stockyard s Toolbar te OGak alala l Elala The Create Construction Stage box will open ers Censtmction simge Since there is only one option to choose from 5ra seais sesi click the OK button to proceed zy consmuction Stage The Properties of Construction Stage 1 box will open This is a multi paged dialog box that allows you to set the properties of the newly created construction stage Change the Name of the construction stage to Example C2 and click OK to proceed The stage s other pr
39. ose the type of retaining wall to create 10 Geocentrix ReWaRD 2 7 Quick Start Guide Select Diaphragm Wall in the Wall Type box and enter 600 mm in the Width box Step d Fiese choose he typt of peta wai Wal Typa Disphagm Wal Bo With iT 7 Click Next to continue Side button since the ground is dry Construction Wizard aa 8 Step 5 of the Wizard asks you where you want to place any water tables Select the Neither Stee SOn which side of the wall do pou wart wished abbey Both Sidse Retama Srde Cindy Excavated Side Oriy a Heihe Side 9 Click Next to continue 10 Step 6 of the Wizard asks you to generate the project If you want to change any settings made in the previous steps click the Previous Consncion Wad button to go back x 11 Click Go to generate the project The Construction Wizard then e Creates Ground 1 Wall 1 Soil 1 Layer 1 Borehole 1 Stage 1 and Excavation 1 Attaches Soil 1 to Layer 1 Tutorial 1 Cantilever wall in sand 11 o Adds Layer 1 to Borehole 1 e Adds Ground 1 Wall 1 Borehole 1 on both the retained side and the excavated side of the wall and Excavation 1 to Stage 1 Opens the Workbook to display the contents of Stage 1 You can view these objects by selecting the l seen All Objects option in the Stockyard s Fs x M R E Object Types panel top left of the Eor pe mami Stockyard The Stockyard will look as By Exco
40. r 1 to Borehole 1 e Adds Ground 1 Wall 1 Borehole 1 on both sides of the wall and Water Table 1 to all stages o Adds Excavation 1 and Water Table 2 to Stage 1 Tutorial 3 Cofferdam in mixed soils 39 Adds Excavation 2 Water Table 3 and Prop 1 to Stage 2 Adds Excavation 3 Water Table 4 and Prop 2 to Stage 3 Adds Excavation 4 Water Table 5 and Prop 3 to Stage 4 Opens the Workbooks for Stages 1 to 4 Now is a good moment to save your work to disk which you can do using the Save or Save As commands on ReWaRD s File menu A copy of this step can be found at Projects Tutorial 3 Step 1 rwd Step 2 change the excavation depths In Step 2 you will change the depths of the excavations generated by the Construction Wizard to match the project s specification 1 Open the program s Window menu and click Tile Window Help to change the arrangement of the open ie Workbooks In this arrangement you will see the effect of each change in property as it is applied Cascade Click on Excavation E sesh aim l l Existing Objects in the Stockyard s a Fim Excaration 1 Generated C Ere Types Pane top left a Eara el tacreion F Tanana hs and then right click k on Excavation 2 Generated in its Objects Pane top right Choose the command Properties of Excavation 2 Generated to display that object s properties box Click on the Dimensions tab to change page and enter 5 m in the exca
41. rations Bi Layer 1 Generated shown in the picture alongside Ei p aeol E bianaat p 8 s i Layers of Stage 1 Generated F Gorehotes E hey Excavation 1 Gernniated x 7 F Water Tables To view the properties of any particular ARE object a impoced Loads 2i Relaneng ai aibi C Latii 1 Select the object you want in the ar haa Sa Other Objects Stockyard s Existing Objects panel top right of the Stockyard For example select Soil 1 Generated ge a a et 2 A summary of the selected Proceraea Soci Oe object s properties will appear in ab kaii Meme the Stockyard s Properties of en Selected Object panel at the State Unspecified wet weight 27 M00 kN A bottom of the Stockyard Dry weight 16 9549 kN m Faduen slain Peak Now is a good moment to save your work Fion 38 z z s Cohssisi 0 kPa to disk which you can do using the Save OF Poisson s ratio 0 3 Save As commands on ReWaRD s File aes menu A copy of this step can be found at Projects Tutorial 1 Step 1 rwd Step 2 choose the design standard In Step 2 you will select the design standard to use when calculating the wall s stability K Besge Calculate Took Window Help Cri 1 If itis not already ticked select Png Hiadboni Eurocode 7 gt Design Approach 1 rot Combination 2 DA1 2 from e5807 Enieoode T 3 Beugn Approach Comerutes ReWaRD s Design menu Custer Perigi Jo Daip Approach
42. rd applied You can display earth pressures over the full extent of the wall as follows Open the Calculate menu and choose the Earth Pressures gt As Built command ReWaRD will automatically display the results of this calculation when it has finished Earth pressures for the as built condition have partial factors applied in their calculation but are not normally in equilibrium unless the wall s embedded length happens to match that required by those factors See the ReWaRD Reference Manual for an explanation of the different types of earth pressure that the program calculates Tutorial 1 Cantilever wall in sand 15 4 You can display earth pressures at the point at which the wall would fail i e with no safety margin built in as follows Open the Calculate menu and choose the Earth Pressures gt At Failure command Earth pressures for the at failure condition are in equilibrium but have no partial factors applied in their calculation 5 You can view numerical values of any of these earth pressures by selecting Table on the Workbook s View menu In its default appearance the Table View displays design values of earth water and total pressures on both sides of the wall 6 You can view the earth pressure coefficients used in the calculations by selecting Earth Pressures gt Coefficients on the Workbook s View menu In this appearance the Table View displays design values of K and K
43. retaining wall 1 If it is not already selected click on the Workbook to make it active The commands on the Calculate menu are only enabled when a Workbook is selected Open the Calculate menu and choose the Structural Forces command Alternatively click on the Calculate structural Forces button on the Workbook s toolbar a tooltip will popup when you hover the mouse over the button Tutorial 1 Cantilever wall in sand 13 3 ReWaRD then calculates the a Ses wall s required embedment with the selected partial largest laimrd broding mame 111 5 khmm Langen tietertd ahem dere 1949 kNm factors applied and uses those earth pressures to calculate the resultant structural forces in the wall The program displays its results pictorially as shown on the right The largest factored bending moment and shear force in the wall are also given In Eurocode terms these are ultimate limit state design values 4 You can view numerical values of the structural forces by selecting Table on the Workbook s View menu Columns B to E show i structural forces without partial factors applied to the effects of actions columns F E srs umis surtt umes W rate hpi Ebenen cafe to I show them with the partial factors applied Since the partial factor applied to effects of actions according to EN 1997 1 is 1 0 these values are the same in this instance 5 You can search for the maximum bending mo
44. rompted to save your work if you have Pointes not already done so Then open the Construction 1 Zoomi Wizard by selecting Tools on ReWaRD s main menu EROLUN and then click on the Construction Wizard command Start up Wizard Construction Wizard ty Step 1 create the project mianta In Step 1 you will use the Construction Wizard to create a scenario including the wall a borehole excavation and ground surface 1 The first page of the Wizard Step 1 asks you to specify the finished geometry of the retaining structure Select the Cantilever button and set the Retained Height to 4 m Steo 1 Fiese speci the fireched geometry of Iha retary that a Cantleyer e i Diouble peopped Muli ooped Humbe of Prope O Flelanved Height 2 Click Next to continue 3 Step 2 of the Wizard asks you to enter the depths of any props Since there are none in this example click Next to continue 4 Step 3 of the Wizard asks you to enter the properties of the predominant soil type Select Sand from the Soil Type box leave the Wet Mass Density at its default value enter a Dry Mass Density of 1733 kg m equivalent to a weight density of 17 kN m and finally enter an Angle of Friction of 35 Shep 2 Phase erter the properties of the piedomnani ta ipype Sal Typa E Sand Waet ass Dany x 2075 kge Dp Mass Density E 1733 kg a Angie of Fiction 5 Click Next to continue 6 Step 4 of the Wizard asks you to cho
45. ropriate button 3 Ifyou have not already named this file ReWaRD will display its Save As box Enter the name you want in the File name box and click the Save button ReWaRD will then save and close the project A copy of this project can be found at Projects Tutorial 3 Tutorial oa Lewd What next Further information about the program s capabilities can be found in the ReWaRD 2 7 User Manual and the program s built in help system Details of the theory that underpins the program s calculations can be found in the ReWaRD 2 7 Reference Manual Further resources are available from the Geocentrix website www geocentrix co uk and by telephone for customers with Software Re Assurance You cannot save the project in the Trial Edition of ReWaRD
46. ted by the Construction Wizard to match the project s specification In Step 3 you will add soils that are missing from the project e In Step 4 you will add layers that are missing from the project and include them in the borehole o In Step 5 you will add an upstand to the wall and relocate the top prop to the head of the wall e In Step 6 you will change the depth of some of the existing water tables and add new water tables e In Step 7 you will add a surcharge on the retained side of the wall o In Step 8 you will select the design standard to be followed by the calculations e In Step 9 you will calculate earth pressures required embedment structural forces and displacements for Stage 2 Generated o In Step 10 you will close and optionally save the project If ReWaRD is not already running double click on the ReWaRD icon on Windows Desktop to start the program Once the splash screen has disappeared ReWaRD displays its Start up Wizard Select Run the Construction Wizard from the available options and click Go to proceed If ReWaRD is already running and you have an existing project open click Close on the program s File menu You will be prompted to save your work if you have not already done so Then open the Construction Wizard by selecting Tools on ReWaRD s main menu and then click on the Construction Wizard command Step 1 create the project In Step 1 you will use the Construct
47. ter a Dry Mass Density of 1766 kg m equivalent to 18 kN m and finally enter an angle of friction of 35 Click Next to continue Steg 3 Please arter the properties of ha pradonmnard tel lype Sail Type Sand wel Denaly i 2075 ge Dup Dinesty 5 1733 kgia Angle of Faction 35 deg 38 Geocentrix ReWaRD 2 7 Quick Start Guide 4 Step 4 of the Wizard asks you to choose the type of retaining wall to create Select Sheet Pile Wall in the Wall Type box then Corus U Section Larssen LX in the Range box and finally 16W in the Section Click Next to continue Step 4 Plaare choose the bape of retaining wall Wal Type a Shel Pile wal Fange Corus U Section Larssen LX Section 16w 5 Step 5 of the Wizard asks you where you want to place any water tables Select Both Sides and click Next to continue Stee 5 On which gda of the mal do pou ward wales Labbeg a Both Sidst Fetaned Side Oniy Excavated Side Oriy Neither Side 6 Step 6 of the Wizard asks you to generate the project If you want to change any settings made in the previous steps click the Previous button to go back Otherwise click Go to generate the project The Construction Wizard then Creates Stages 1 2 3 and 4 Creates Ground 1 and Excavations 1 to 4 e Creates Soil 1 Layer 1 and Borehole 1 e Creates Water Tables 1 to 5 e Creates Wall 1 and Props 1 2 and 3 o Attaches Soil 1 to Layer 1 and adds Laye
48. the soil s Saturated weight density as 20 3 kN m and its Unsaturated weight density as 18 kN m If you get a warning message when you proceed on the next step click Yes to confirm the values entered Tutorial 3 Cofferdam in mixed soils 41 v DR Mar Demi G Weigh Dendy X Cancel 203 HAm af Delati 18 kA Help 5 Click on the Effective Stress tab to change page If not already selected select the Peak button Enter the soil s Angle of Friction as 35 and its Effective Cohesion as O kPa Clasaiication Densty Weigtt Eliectve Sues Mc a v7 OK Ange of Friction Effective Cohesion i Peak 7 Now right click on Soil in the Stockyard s Types Pane and choose the command New gt Clay to create a new clay and display that object s properties box 8 Repeat the steps above to set the F Water ables properties of this new soil as follows si Surcharges AEE Name Firm clay State Firm ERRAND Cohesive Silt Saturated and Unsaturated weight wm Prop w densities both 21 kN m Angle of Zas REA Friction and Effective Cohesion both take default values If you get warning messages when you enter any values click Yes to confirm them 9 Then click on the Total Stress tab to change page Enter the soil s Undrained Strength as 60 kPa m Densiy Weigh EMectove Sess Tota Stes No a w ok i y Cancel x Fas 42 10 14
49. ties of Borehole 1 box will yy suchoges open and display its General page Imposed Laad Berehcle Click on the Layers tab to change page Select Layer 1 in the Available box and click the gt button to move it into the Chosen box Click OK to confirm these settings and to proceed ReWakRD will create a new borehole named Borehole 1 and add it to the Stockyard To add the borehole to the construction stage drag it from the Stockyard and drop it onto the Workbook s Drawing Board The Drawing Board should now look like this 28 Geocentrix ReWaRD 2 7 Quick Start Guide amp ene M ee ee uaaa We steed rd ary eters G r A copy of this step can be found at Projects Tutorial 2 Step 4 rwd Step 5 create water tables In Step 5 you will create two water tables one on each side of the wall 1 Right click on the words Water Table nme al Compiruction Stage in the Stockyard s Types Pane to Bay Ground Polien display its context sensitive menu paein Click New to expand the sub menu penn and then click Linear Seepage Water SE a table to create the new water table Traa 7 et 2 The Properties of Water Table 1 box beara seein will open and display its General on Oe ydrcyramic Water Tatie page Change the Name of the water baee bope RE TME table to Retained water Tat Water Table 3 Click on the Properties tab to change page Change the water table s Depth to 1 m
50. ults in the Magnitude being set to 10 kPa Click on the OK button to confirm the values entered and to proceed General Loading Durston Notes Magritude 10 kPa Depth Levl m Type HA Leech Add Surcharge 1 to all the construction stages by dragging and dropping the surcharge from the Stockyard onto the Drawing Boards for those stages Be careful to drop the surcharge to the left of the retaining wall to make sure it appears on the retained side only A copy of this step can be found at Projects Tutorial 3 Step 7 rwd Step 8 select the design standard In Step 8 you will select the design standard to be followed by the calculations If it is not already ticked select Deign Calculate Toots Win CIRIA 104 gt Gross Pressure ex P Pilireg Handbook Method from ReWaRD s Design vO CIRIA IH Eoy Gron Prevcure Method X menu Geoguice Revised Method oa b Shrength Factor Method Next edit the settings for CIRIA 104 Gross Pressure Method by selecting Design Standard from the Properties menu Eurecede 7 On the General page set the Design Approach to Moderately Conservative and the Works to Temporary Tutorial 3 Cofferdam in mixed soils 49 CIRIA 104 Gross Pressure Method General Load Factors Material Factors Aesistan gt lv OK Lm rg Eth Prectue Coelicania bax Depth of Tennan Crack Cantilever Toen 20 Desg Appeasch Moderately Conserva Wore Credi
51. values entered 14 Add Pumped water table to Stage 3 Generated and Stage 4 Generated by dragging and dropping the water table from the Stockyard onto the Drawing Boards for those stages Do this twice releasing the water table on both sides of the wall Finally you need to change the depth of Water Table 4 1 Right click on the Workbook Stage 3 Generated Drawing Board command on ReWaRD s Window menu to bring the Workbook for Stage 3 to the front of your screen 2 Right click on Water Table 4 the water table that is floating above the excavation at present and choose Properties of Water Table 4 Generated from the popup menu that appears The water table s properties box will appear Click on the Properties tab to change page Change the Depth to 7 5 m and click OK to confirm the new value The water will now align with the excavation A copy of this step can be found at Projects Tutorial 3 Step 6 rwd Step 7 add a surcharge In Step 7 you will add a surcharge on the retained side of the wall Right click on Surcharge in the Stockyard s Types Pane and choose the command New gt Uniform Surcharge to create a new surcharge and display that object s properties box Lirefenn Surcharge Parafield Ghnp feacharge te 48 Geocentrix ReWaRD 2 7 Quick Start Guide Click on the Loading tab to change page and if necessary change the Type to HA Loading which res
52. vation s Depth box Properties of Excavation 1 Generated d General Dimensions lia Depthlerd E Click on the Plan Dimensions tab to change page Tick the Has Plan Length box and enter 17 m in the Length box Tick the Has Plan Breadth box and enter 12 m in the Breadth box 40 Geocentrix ReWaRD 2 7 Quick Start Guide Properties of Excavation 1 m 7 General Dimensions Plan Dimensions Notes a v N 5 Click OK to confirm the values entered and to proceed 6 Repeat the previous four steps for Excavations 3 and 4 but enter their depths of excavation as 7 5 m and 8 5 m respectively A copy of this step can be found at Projects Tutorial 3 Step 2 rwd Step 3 add the missing soils In Step 3 you will add soils that are missing from the project 1 Click on Soil in the Stockyard s Types Pane and then right Properties of Sod Generted T click on Soil 1 z Generated in its h cn Objects Pane _ l Choose the command Properties of Soil 1 Generated to display that object s properties box 2 On the General page change the soil s Name to Sand and gravel 3 Click on the Classification tab to change page but leave the soil s the Class as Unclassified and State as Unspecified BM Cancel af Ua 4 Click on the Density Weight tab to change page If not already selected select the Weight density button Enter
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